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[ "Las Vegas\nI enjoy Las Vegas. Do you?", "I did not know that! What else can you tell me about it?", "What is the weather like there usually?", "Nice - so is tourism their biggest industry?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, various condominium projects have been proposed for the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Park Towers and Turnberry Place, two high-rise condominium properties located near the Las Vegas Strip, were completed in 2001; they subsequently inspired a condominium boom that started in 2003, when various developers began announcing projects that were planned throughout the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many projects were ultimately cancelled because of a rise in construction costs, as well as a lack of skilled construction workers and contractors who were qualified to build high-rises; both reasons were attributed to the large number of projects being announced.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the \"Las Vegas Raiders\" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada (; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada's capital is Carson City.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy.", "Nevada __knowledge__ It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sagebrush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\".", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown Las Vegas (commonly abbreviated as DTLV) is the central business district and historic center of Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is the original townsite and was the gambling district of Las Vegas prior to the Strip, and the area still incorporates downtown gaming.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ As the urban core of the Las Vegas Valley, it features a variety of hotel and business highrises, cultural centers, historical buildings and government institutions, as well as residential and retail developments.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown is located in the center of the Las Vegas Valley and just north of the Las Vegas Strip, centered on Fremont Street, the Fremont Street Experience and Fremont East." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada (; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada's capital is Carson City.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy.", "Nevada __knowledge__ It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sagebrush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\".", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the \"Las Vegas Raiders\" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, various condominium projects have been proposed for the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Park Towers and Turnberry Place, two high-rise condominium properties located near the Las Vegas Strip, were completed in 2001; they subsequently inspired a condominium boom that started in 2003, when various developers began announcing projects that were planned throughout the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many projects were ultimately cancelled because of a rise in construction costs, as well as a lack of skilled construction workers and contractors who were qualified to build high-rises; both reasons were attributed to the large number of projects being announced.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown Las Vegas (commonly abbreviated as DTLV) is the central business district and historic center of Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is the original townsite and was the gambling district of Las Vegas prior to the Strip, and the area still incorporates downtown gaming.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ As the urban core of the Las Vegas Valley, it features a variety of hotel and business highrises, cultural centers, historical buildings and government institutions, as well as residential and retail developments.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown is located in the center of the Las Vegas Valley and just north of the Las Vegas Strip, centered on Fremont Street, the Fremont Street Experience and Fremont East." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ Winnipeg lies at the bottom of the Red River Valley, a low-lying flood plain with an extremely flat topography.", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ This valley was formed by the ancient glacial Lake Agassiz which has rich deposits of black soil.", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ Winnipeg is on the eastern edge of the Canadian Prairies in Western Canada; it is known as the 'Gateway to the West'.", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ It is relatively close to many large Canadian Shield lakes and parks, as well as Lake Winnipeg (the Earth's 11th largest freshwater lake).", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ Winnipeg is bordered by tallgrass prairie to the west and south and the aspen parkland to the northeast.", "Geography and climate of Winnipeg __knowledge__ Winnipeg is fairly isolated in that the closest city with equal or greater population is Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota (metro population of 3,317,308), which is 735 km (457 miles) southeast from the city.", "American frontier __knowledge__ The American frontier comprises the geography, history, folklore, and cultural expression of life in the forward wave of American expansion that began with English colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last mainland territories as states in 1912.", "American frontier __knowledge__ \"Frontier\" refers to a contrasting region at the edge of a European-American line of settlement.", "American frontier __knowledge__ American historians cover multiple frontiers but the folklore is focused primarily on the conquest and settlement of Indian lands, west of the Mississippi River, in what is now the Midwest, Texas, the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains, the Southwest, and the West Coast.", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ This is a list of recurring segments featured on \"The Daily Show\".", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ This list is incomplete for \"The Daily Show with Craig Kilborn\" and \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\".", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ During \"The Daily Show\"s first ten years, a significant part of its airtime was devoted to different branded recurring segments, usually hosted by the show's correspondents.", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ After the 2005 launch of \"The Colbert Report\", which was largely made up of different recurring segments, the time devoted to such segments on \"The Daily Show\" has declined.", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ Normal commentary segments about ongoing news stories can also have recurring titles to help sort them and talk about continuation.", "MESO-SAILS __knowledge__ Multiple Elevation Scan Option for Supplemental Adaptive Intra-Volume Low-Level Scan (abbreviated MESO-SAILS), is a dynamic scanning option for the WSR-88D, controllable by the operator of the radar, when in VCP mode 12 and 212, and additionally 35 and 215 with the Build 18 update scheduled for October 2017.", "MESO-SAILS __knowledge__ When active, one supplemental low-level scan is added to any volume, increasing overall low-level data availability and improves general severe weather detection, as needed.", "MESO-SAILS __knowledge__ When active, per the National Weather Service, low-level updates will be available \"every 75 to 90 seconds\".", "MESO-SAILS __knowledge__ WSR-88D radars scan a number of elevation angles to scan the atmosphere around the site.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Cockatiels (\"Nymphicus hollandicus\") are an Australian parrot that are generally regarded as good pets or companion parrots, having a sweet demeanour.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Like most other pets, the manner in which the animal is raised, handled, and kept has a profound effect on temperament.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Some birds are quite gregarious and sociable while others can be shy, retreating to the back of the cage when an unfamiliar figure appears.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ If handled often and if they have a patient owner, cockatiels will become tame very quickly compared to some of the other parrot species.", "Cockatiel (aviculture) __knowledge__ Cockatiels are generally kept in a cage and allowed to exercise and socialise with their owners outside of the cage for a few hours a day (at least 1 to 2 hours).", "Classification yard __knowledge__ A classification yard (American and Canadian English) or marshalling yard (British, Hong Kong, Indian, Australian and Canadian English) is a railway yard found at some freight train stations, used to separate railway cars onto one of several tracks.", "Classification yard __knowledge__ First the cars are taken to a track, sometimes called a \"lead\" or a \"drill\".", "Classification yard __knowledge__ From there the cars are sent through a series of switches called a \"ladder\" onto the classification tracks.", "Classification yard __knowledge__ Larger yards tend to put the lead on an artificially built hill called a \"hump\" to use the force of gravity to propel the cars through the ladder.", "Classification yard __knowledge__ Freight trains that consist of isolated cars must be made into trains and divided according to their destinations.", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ North of the Yukon is a 24-page funny animal comic book adventure story featuring Scrooge McDuck and his nephews, Donald Duck and Huey, Dewey, & Louie.", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ It was written and drawn by Carl Barks.", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ This was his last story involving Scrooge's adventures in Alaska.", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ It was published in September 1965, and later reprinted in May 1993.", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ Gemstone Publishing later reprinted the story again in 2005 for a Donald Duck/Uncle Scrooge graphic novel with another story inspired by this one called \"Somewhere in Nowhere\".", "North of the Yukon __knowledge__ The character of Barko was inspired by an actual sled dog named Balto, who participated in the 1925 serum run to Nome.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "History of vice in Texas __knowledge__ The history of vice in the U.S. state of Texas has been an important part of the state's past and has greatly influenced its development.", "History of vice in Texas __knowledge__ Vice activities, such as gambling and prostitution, have historically been a significant facet of both the state's culture and its economy.", "History of vice in Texas __knowledge__ Law enforcement organizations have traditionally defined \"vice\" as including prostitution, gambling, alcohol and narcotics, and pornography.", "History of vice in Texas __knowledge__ These activities, though always controversial, represented major influences in the state with some enterprises at times holding legendary status.", "History of vice in Texas __knowledge__ The legal status of the individual activities has fluctuated substantially over time.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on 31 December which is the seventh day of Christmastide.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Some Christians attend a watchnight service.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, 1 January.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Samoa, Tonga and Kiritimati (Christmas Island), part of Kiribati, are the first places to welcome the New Year while American Samoa and Baker Island in the United States of America are among the last.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ This page is an episode guide to all 52 episodes of the reality television series \"The Osbournes\".", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ The debut episode opens with a brief introduction of the family with a voice-over and scenes of each member.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ After the introductions, the episode deals with the family moving into their new Beverly Hills home.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ The family deal with problems that could arise from such a situation - finding valuable furniture broken due to lousy packing and trying to set up the TV with no instructions.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ Ozzy appears on \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" as a performer.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ Kelly and Sharon come with Ozzy to the show, but Jack stays at home, watching a documentary about marijuana instead.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The Big Pineapple is a heritage-listed tourist attraction at Nambour Connection Road, Woombye, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was designed by Peddle Thorp and Harvey, Paul Luff, and Gary Smallcombe and Associates.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is also known as Sunshine Plantation.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 March 2009.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The 2-level Big Pineapple is 16 metres high and was originally opened on 15 August 1971.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is situated on a 165 hectare site.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ Under new ownership the owners are facilitating new attractions such as the award-winning Big Pineapple Music Festival and the Big Pineapple was also selected to host Midnight Oil within their reunion concert series in 2017.", "Tourism __knowledge__ Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.", "Tourism __knowledge__ Tourism may be international, or within the traveller's country.", "Tourism __knowledge__ The World Tourism Organization defines tourism more generally, in terms which go \"beyond the common perception of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only\", as people \"traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes\".", "Tourism __knowledge__ Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ Sayabec () is a municipality located in the La Matapédia Regional County Municipality (RCM) in Bas-Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ It is located in the Matapédia Valley between the Chic-Choc Mountains of the Appalachian near Lake Matapédia.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ The main activities of the village are agriculture and forestry.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 2,000, the third biggest municipality in its RCM after Amqui and Causapscal.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ Due to the presence of the chipboards plant called Panval, the biggest industry of the valley, Sayabec is an important regional economic centre.", "Sayabec __knowledge__ The territory was historically occupied by Mi'kmaq people, a First Nation who occupied much of the Gaspe Peninsula.", "Isabela (province) __knowledge__ Isabela (Ilocano: Probinsya ti Isabela; ) is the second largest province of the Philippines, and the largest on the island of Luzon in land area.", "Isabela (province) __knowledge__ Its capital is the city of Ilagan.", "Isabela (province) __knowledge__ Situated within the Cagayan Valley region, it is bordered by the provinces of Cagayan to the north, Kalinga to the northwest, Mountain Province to the central-west, Ifugao and Nueva Vizcaya to the southwest, Quirino to the south, Aurora to the south, and the Philippine Sea to the east.", "Isabela (province) __knowledge__ This primarily agricultural province is the rice and corn granary of Luzon due to its plain and rolling terrain.", "Isabela (province) __knowledge__ In 2012, the province was declared as the country's top producer of corn with 1,209,524 metric tons.", "Gold Coast, Queensland __knowledge__ The Gold Coast is a city in the Australian state of Queensland, approximately south-southeast of the state capital Brisbane and immediately north of the border with New South Wales.", "Gold Coast, Queensland __knowledge__ With a census-estimated 2016 population of 638,090, The Gold Coast is the sixth-largest city in Australia, making it the largest non-capital city, and the second-largest city in Queensland.", "Gold Coast, Queensland __knowledge__ The first settlement in what is now South East Queensland was as a penal colony at Redcliffe.", "Gold Coast, Queensland __knowledge__ The Gold Coast region remained largely uninhabited by Europeans until 1823 when explorer John Oxley landed at Mermaid Beach.", "Gold Coast, Queensland __knowledge__ The hinterland's red cedar supply attracted people to the area in the mid-19th century.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The vast country of sprawling archipelago has much to offer, from natural beauty, historical heritage to cultural diversity.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR 325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ By 2019, the Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of visitors needs to double to about 20 million.", "Moreton Central Sugar Mill Worker's Housing __knowledge__ Moreton Central Sugar Mill Worker's Housing is a heritage-listed group of houses at 17 & 19 Mill Street, and 14 & 16 Bury Street, Nambour, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Moreton Central Sugar Mill Worker's Housing __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 16 May 2008.", "Moreton Central Sugar Mill Worker's Housing __knowledge__ The two timber cottages at 17 and 19 Mill Street, built sometime between 1897 and 1917, and the timber house with its extensive garden and mature trees on Bury Street, built between 1907 and 1911, provide rare surviving evidence of the sugar industry that powered the economy of Nambour and the Maroochy Shire from 1897 to 2003.", "Moreton Central Sugar Mill Worker's Housing __knowledge__ The cottages on Mill Street are the former residences of senior staff of the Moreton Central Sugar Mill Company, and the house on Bury Street was formerly the residence of the mill's manager.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ The 42d Air Base Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to Air University of Air Education and Training Command.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ It is stationed at Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base, Alabama and is the host unit for Maxwell-Gunter.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ The wing's primary mission is to support all activities of Air University, the 908th Airlift Wing and other tenant units stationed at Maxwell-Gunter.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ The wing was first activated shortly before the beginning of World War II as the 42d Bombardment Group, a medium bomber unit.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ It conducted antisubmarine patrols off the Pacific coast following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.", "42d Air Base Wing __knowledge__ The group provided units to reinforce the defenses of Alaska and to conduct patrols against German U-boats in the Caribbean Sea.", "Loring Air Force Base __knowledge__ Loring Air Force Base was a United States Air Force installation in northeastern Maine, near Limestone and Caribou in Aroostook County.", "Loring Air Force Base __knowledge__ It was one of the largest bases of the U.S. Air Force's Strategic Air Command during its existence, and was transferred to the newly created Air Combat Command in 1992.", "Loring Air Force Base __knowledge__ The base's origins began in 1947 with an order for construction of an airfield by the New England Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.", "Loring Air Force Base __knowledge__ The chosen site, in northeastern Maine within both Limestone Township and Caswell Plantation, was the closest point in the continental U.S. to Europe, providing high strategic value during the Cold War.", "42nd Combat Aviation Brigade __knowledge__ The Combat Aviation Brigade, 42d Infantry Division is a subordinate command of the 42d Infantry Division.", "42nd Combat Aviation Brigade __knowledge__ Once contained solely within New York, force reductions and reorganizations have resulted in units from several different states making up the brigade.", "42nd Combat Aviation Brigade __knowledge__ The New York National Guard played an active role in Army aviation from the early 1900s through the end of World War II.", "42nd Combat Aviation Brigade __knowledge__ The Combat Aviation Brigade, 42d Infantry Division traces its history from 1947, when the post-World War II reorganization of the United States military created the United States Air Force as an entity separate from the Army.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "RAF Alconbury __knowledge__ Royal Air Force Alconbury or more simply RAF Alconbury is an active Royal Air Force station in Huntingdon, England.", "RAF Alconbury __knowledge__ The airfield is in the civil parish of The Stukeleys, close to the villages of Great Stukeley, Little Stukeley, and Alconbury.", "RAF Alconbury __knowledge__ Opened in 1938, it is a non-flying facility, under the control of the United States Air Force.", "RAF Alconbury __knowledge__ It is one of three RAF stations in Cambridgeshire used by the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA).", "RAF Alconbury __knowledge__ Alconbury, RAF Molesworth, and RAF Upwood make up the \"Tri-Base Area\", because of their geographic proximity and interdependency.", "42d Attack Squadron __knowledge__ The 42d Attack Squadron of the United States Air Force flies General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned aerial vehicles and is currently stationed at Creech Air Force Base near Indian Springs, Nevada.", "42d Attack Squadron __knowledge__ The 42d oversees the training and combat deployment of aerial vehicle and sensor operators assigned to the Reaper.", "42d Attack Squadron __knowledge__ All aircraft will employ the AN/AAS-52 Multi-Spectral Targeting System developed by Raytheon.", "42d Attack Squadron __knowledge__ The squadron was organized as the 42d Aero Squadron on 17 June 1917, shortly after the United States declared war on Germany.", "42d Attack Squadron __knowledge__ Based at Camp Kelly, Texas, the squadron flight-trained new pilots as part of the Air Service until demobilized on 21 February 1919." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6, 8 ]

[ "I love Las Vegas but I've never been! It's in Nevada and the words \"las vegas\" means \"the meadows\" in Spanish.", "Vegas is best know for shopping, gambling, night life, and entertainment. People go there often for vacation.", "I imagine it is pretty great since it is one of the top 3 destination locations in the US for business conventions and such. It wouldn't be too hot up there during the winter either.", "Yes I would say so. A lot of people go there for adult entertainment which is why they call it Sin City." ]

[ "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas" ]

[ "Food truck\ni love food trucks! ", "yeah, they're so convenient. it's great when they park near your workplace so you can just walk to it and grab food", "yeah, it's great how you can find practically any cuisine in a food truck! i really like taco trucks. what's your favorite? ", "yeah, you can't go wrong with bacon! ", "those are good too. i love how you can get gourmet cuisine for a good price from a food truck. do you ever get ethnic cuisine from food trucks?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg followed suit at the end of 2011 with the city council moving to ease restrictions on their operation.", "Food waste in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Food waste in the United Kingdom is a subject of environmental, economic and social concern that has received widespread media coverage and been met with varying responses from government.", "Food waste in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since 1915, food waste has been identified as a considerable problem and has been the subject of ongoing media attention, intensifying with the launch of the \"Love Food, Hate Waste\" campaign in 2007.", "Food waste in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Food waste has been discussed in newspaper articles, news reports and television programmes, which have increased awareness of it as a public issue.", "Food waste in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ To tackle waste issues, encompassing food waste, the government-funded \"Waste & Resources Action Programme\" (WRAP) was created in 2000.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Roaming Hunger is a food truck booking service that allows people to find food trucks in real time, book trucks for upcoming events, and engage food trucks for advertising and promotional purposes.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ It was founded in 2009 by Ross Resnick.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ During a study abroad program in 2004 while attending University of Southern California, Ross Resnick became immersed in Asian street food culture.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Upon his return, Resnick began developing Roaming Hunger originally as the food truck industry started to emerge in 2009.", "Roaming Hunger __knowledge__ Resnick took it on himself to compile an online directory of food trucks and carts across the US.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ Chelyabinsk () is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ Population: The fortress of Chelyaba, from which the city takes its name, was founded at the location of the Bashkir village of Chelyaby () by colonel Alexey (Kutlu-Muhammed) Tevkelev in 1736 to protect the surrounding trade routes from possible attacks by Bashkir outlaws.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ During Pugachev's Rebellion, the fortress withstood a siege by the rebel forces in 1774, but was eventually captured for several months in 1775.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ The Chelyabinsk meteor was a superbolide caused by an approximately 20-metre near-Earth asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere over Russia on 15 February 2013 at about 09:20 YEKT (03:20 UTC), with a speed of 19.16 ± 0.15 kilometres per second (60,000–69,000 km/h or 40,000–42,900 mph).", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ It quickly became a brilliant superbolide meteor over the southern Ural region.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ The light from the meteor was brighter than the Sun, visible up to away.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ It was observed over a wide area of the region and in neighbouring republics.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ Some eyewitnesses also felt intense heat from the fireball.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ Due to its high velocity and shallow angle of atmospheric entry, the object exploded in an air burst over Chelyabinsk Oblast, at a height of around .", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Chelyabinsk Oblast (, \"Chelyabinskaya oblast\") is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia in the Ural Mountains region, on the border of Europe and Asia.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Its administrative center is the city of Chelyabinsk.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Population: 3,476,217 (2010 Census).", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, the Southern Urals were populated by Bashkir tribes that were part of the Golden Horde, Nogai Horde, and smaller Bashkir unions.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ The area was incorporated into the Tsardom of Russia in the late 16th century.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ However, Russian colonization of the region only began in the 18th century, with the establishment of a system of fortresses and trade posts on the then-Russian border by the Orenburg Expedition in 1734.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Workplace wellness is any workplace health promotion activity or organizational policy designed to support healthy behavior in the workplace and to improve health outcomes.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Known as 'corporate wellbeing' outside the US, workplace wellness often comprises activities such as health education, medical screenings, weight management programs, on-site fitness programs or facilities.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ These programs can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary health programs, depending on the goal of the specific program.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Primary prevention programs usually target a fairly healthy employee population, and encourage them to more frequently engage in health behaviors that will encourage ongoing good health.", "Oxley Wild Rivers National Park __knowledge__ The Oxley Wild Rivers National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.", "Oxley Wild Rivers National Park __knowledge__ The park is situated north of Sydney and is named in memory of the Australian explorer John Oxley, who passed through the area in 1818 and is one of the largest national parks in New South Wales.", "Oxley Wild Rivers National Park __knowledge__ The park is part of the Hastings-Macleay Group World Heritage Site Gondwana Rainforests of Australia inscribed in 1986 and added to the Australian National Heritage List in 2007.", "Oxley Wild Rivers National Park __knowledge__ The Oxley Wild Rivers National Park (OWRNP) was World Heritage listed in recognition of the extensive dry rainforest that occurs within the park, and the associated rich biodiversity that includes several rare or threatened plants and animals.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Sports utility vehicles (SUVs) are criticized for a variety of environmental and safety-related reasons as they became more popular.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Many of the safety concerns have been addressed by the adoption of electronic stability control (ESC), rollover mitigation, and other design actions.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Generally, drivers of SUVs are safer than those in small and mid-size cars.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ In an IIHS survey of death rates by vehicle style, smaller cars fare worse than bigger ones.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ 4-door minicars have a death rate of 82, compared with 46 for very large 4-doors.\"", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ This survey reflects the effect of both vehicle design and driving behaviour.", "Manual transmission __knowledge__ A manual transmission, also known as a manual gearbox, stick shift, \"n\"-speed manual (where \"n\" is its number of forward gear ratios), standard, MT, or in colloquial U.S. English, a stick (for vehicles with hand-lever shifters), is a type of transmission used in motor vehicle applications.", "Manual transmission __knowledge__ It uses a driver-operated clutch engaged and disengaged by a foot pedal (automobile) or hand lever (motorcycle), for regulating torque transfer from the engine to the transmission; and a gear selector operated by hand (automobile) or by foot (motorcycle).", "Manual transmission __knowledge__ A conventional 5-speed manual transmission is often the standard equipment in a base-model vehicle, while more expensive manual vehicles are usually equipped with a 6-speed transmission instead; other options include automatic transmissions such as a traditional automatic (hydraulic planetary) transmission (often a manumatic), a semi-automatic transmission, or a continuously variable transmission (CVT).", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010 was a part of a global financial downturn.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The crisis affected European and Asian automobile manufacturers, but it was primarily felt in the American automobile manufacturing industry.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The downturn also affected Canada by virtue of the Automotive Products Trade Agreement.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The automotive industry was weakened by a substantial increase in the prices of automotive fuels linked to the 2003-2008 energy crisis which discouraged purchases of sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pickup trucks which have low fuel economy.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The popularity and relatively high profit margins of these vehicles had encouraged the American \"Big Three\" automakers, General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler to make them their primary focus.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Semi-trailer truck __knowledge__ A semi-trailer truck (more commonly semi truck or simply \"semi\") is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight.", "Semi-trailer truck __knowledge__ A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a fifth wheel hitch, with much of its weight borne by the tractor.", "Semi-trailer truck __knowledge__ The result is that both the tractor and semi-trailer will have a distinctly different design than a rigid truck and trailer.", "Semi-trailer truck __knowledge__ It is variously known as a \"transport\" in Canada; \"semi\" or \"single\" in Australia and New Zealand; \"semi\", \"tractor-trailer\", \"big rig\", or \"eighteen-wheeler\" in the United States; and \"articulated lorry\", abbreviated \"artic\", in the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Emergency vehicle lighting is one or more visual warning lights fitted to a vehicle for use when the driver wishes to convey to other road users the urgency of their journey, to provide additional warning of a hazard when stationary, or in the case of law enforcement as a means of signalling another driver to stop for interaction with an officer.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ These lights may be dedicated emergency lights, such as a beacon or a light bar, or may be modified stock lighting, such as a wig-wag or hide-away light, and are additional to any standard lighting on the car such as hazard lights.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Often, they are used along with a siren (or occasionally sirens) in order to increase their effectiveness." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Taco trucks on every corner __knowledge__ The phrase \"taco trucks on every corner\" was used by Marco Gutierrez, the co-founder of \"Latinos for Trump,\" on September 1, 2016, in comments that received widespread attention during the 2016 United States presidential elections.", "Taco trucks on every corner __knowledge__ During an interview with MSNBC, Gutierrez referred to his Mexican heritage, stating that “My culture is a very dominant culture, and it’s imposing and it’s causing problems.", "Taco trucks on every corner __knowledge__ If you don’t do something about it, you’re going to have taco trucks on every corner.” His remarks subsequently met with both sarcasm and criticism, many mocking the statement on social media and sending #TacosOnEveryCorner to the top of Twitter's list of trending topics.", "Kogi Korean BBQ __knowledge__ Kogi Korean BBQ is a fleet of five fusion food trucks in Los Angeles famous both for their combination of Korean with Mexican food and also for their reliance on Internet technology, especially Twitter and YouTube, to spread information about their offerings and locations.", "Kogi Korean BBQ __knowledge__ Highlights of typical fare include Spicy Pork Tacos, Kimchi Quesadillas and Short Rib Sliders.", "Kogi Korean BBQ __knowledge__ Its owner/founder, Mark Manguera, a Filipino-American, married into a Korean family and was inspired to combine Mexican and Korean food as a result.", "Kogi Korean BBQ __knowledge__ The food truck has won much recognition, including a \"Bon Appétit\" Award in 2009 and \"Best New Chef\" for Roy Choi by Food & Wine in 2010, the first for a food truck.", "District Taco __knowledge__ District Taco is a Mexican restaurant chain with 12 locations in the Mid-Atlantic region, mostly in the Washington, D.C. area.", "District Taco __knowledge__ It serves Yucatan-style cuisine, including burritos, quesadillas, tacos, and other items.", "District Taco __knowledge__ It was founded in 2009 as a food truck and opened its first traditional location the next year.", "District Taco __knowledge__ District Taco was founded by Osiris Hoil and Marc Wallace, in 2009 as a food truck in Rosslyn.", "District Taco __knowledge__ At the time, Hoil had just been laid off from his construction job during the Great Recession and his neighbor, Marc Wallace encouraged him to go into the food business, selling the recipes he prepared at home.", "Korean taco __knowledge__ Korean tacos are a Korean-Mexican fusion dish popular in a number of urban areas in the United States and Canada.", "Korean taco __knowledge__ Korean tacos originated in Los Angeles, often as street food, consisting of Korean-style fillings, such as bulgogi and kimchi, placed on top of small traditional Mexican corn tortillas.", "Korean taco __knowledge__ Korean burritos are a similarly themed dish, using larger flour tortillas as a wrap.", "Korean taco __knowledge__ Although nearly any savory dish can, has, and will be used as filling for a taco, burrito, or wrap, and other restaurants have occasionally served dishes they called Korean tacos, the popularity of the dish is generally traced to the use of Twitter by the proprietors of the Kogi Korean BBQ, a food truck in Los Angeles, California, to announce their schedule and itinerary.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Murphy's law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: \"Anything that can go wrong will go wrong\".", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The perceived perversity of the universe has long been a subject of comment, and precursors to the modern version of Murphy's law are not hard to find.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The concept may be as old as humanity.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Recent significant research in this area has been conducted by members of the American Dialect Society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Society member Stephen Goranson has found a version of the law, not yet generalized or bearing that name, in a report by Alfred Holt at an 1877 meeting of an engineering society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ It is found that anything that can go wrong at sea generally does go wrong sooner or later, so it is not to be wondered that owners prefer the safe to the scientific ...", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is prepared from several different cuts of meat, typically from the pork belly or from back cuts, which has less fat than the belly.", "Bacon __knowledge__ It is eaten on its own, as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), or used as a minor ingredient to flavour dishes (e.g., the club sandwich).", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant.", "Bacon __knowledge__ The word is derived from the Old High German \"bacho\", meaning \"buttock\", \"ham\" or \"side of bacon\", and is cognate with the Old French \"bacon\".", "Bacon __knowledge__ Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as \"bacon\".", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, (; 22 January 15619 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author.", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ He served both as Attorney General and as Lord Chancellor of England.", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ After his death, he remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution.", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon has been called the father of empiricism.", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ His works argued for the possibility of scientific knowledge based only upon inductive reasoning and careful observation of events in nature.", "Francis Bacon __knowledge__ Most importantly, he argued this could be achieved by use of a sceptical and methodical approach whereby scientists aim to avoid misleading themselves.", "Francis Bacon (artist) __knowledge__ Francis Bacon (28 October 1909 – 28 April 1992) was an Irish-born British figurative painter known for his bold, grotesque, emotionally charged, raw imagery.", "Francis Bacon (artist) __knowledge__ He is best known for his depictions of popes, crucifixions and portraits of close friends.", "Francis Bacon (artist) __knowledge__ His abstracted figures are typically isolated in geometrical cage like spaces, set against flat, nondescript backgrounds.", "Francis Bacon (artist) __knowledge__ Bacon said that he saw images \"in series\", and his work typically focuses on a single subject for sustained periods, often in triptych or diptych formats.", "Francis Bacon (artist) __knowledge__ His output can be broadly described as sequences or variations on a single motif; beginning with the 1930s Picasso-informed Furies, moving on to the 1940s male heads isolated in rooms or geometric structures, the 1950s screaming popes, and the mid-to-late 1950s animals and lone figures, the 1960s portraits of friends, the nihilistic 1970s self-portraits, and the cooler more technical 1980s late works.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ Nicky Daniel \"Nick\" Bacon (November 25, 1945 – July 17, 2010) was a United States Army first sergeant from the Americal Division who served during the Vietnam War.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ For his actions in combat in Tam Ky, Vietnam, Bacon was awarded America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon was born in Caraway, Arkansas, on November 25, 1945, one of nine children.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ His parents, Johno and Beta Imogene \"Jean\" (Meadows) Bacon, were sharecroppers on a cotton farm.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ His siblings were sisters Jenny, Brenda, Judy, Hope, and Wanda and brothers Doyle, Johno Jr., and Andy.", "Nick Bacon __knowledge__ In 1951, a poor farming economy prompted the family to move to Glendale, Arizona, where Johno Bacon's parents lived.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ The Bacon Cookbook: More than 150 Recipes from Around the World for Everyone's Favorite Food is a cookbook on bacon by James Villas.", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ It was published by Wiley in 2007.", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ Villas is a former food editor for \"Town & Country\" magazine, and \"The Bacon Cookbook\" is his 15th book on food.", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ He notes on the book's jacket that he was \"beguiled by bacon since he was a boy.\"", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ He describes the appeal of bacon in the book's preface, and in the introduction recounts the history of the product, as well as its variations from different locations internationally.", "The Bacon Cookbook __knowledge__ Chapters are structured by type of recipe and food course, and in total the book includes 168 recipes.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Bacon mania refers to passionate bacon enthusiasm in the United States and Canada.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Novelty bacon dishes and other bacon-related items have been popularized rapidly via the internet.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ The movement has been traced to the late 1990s when high-protein foods became a more prominent diet focus due in part to the Atkins diet.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Since then, bacon-focused events and gatherings celebrating the food have been reported and bacon-related exploits have been featured in media accounts.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Newer bacon creations have joined more traditional foods like the BLT, Cobb salad, clams casino, and club sandwich.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Dishes include hard-boiled eggs coated in mayonnaise encased in bacon (the \"heart attack snack\") and Wendy's 'Baconator' (six strips of bacon on a half-pound cheeseburger).", "Pork __knowledge__ Pork is the culinary name for meat from a domestic pig (\"Sus scrofa domesticus\").", "Pork __knowledge__ It is the most commonly consumed meat worldwide, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 5000 BC.", "Pork __knowledge__ Pork is eaten both freshly cooked and preserved.", "Pork __knowledge__ Curing extends the shelf life of the pork products.", "Pork __knowledge__ Ham, smoked pork, gammon, bacon and sausage are examples of preserved pork.", "Pork __knowledge__ Charcuterie is the branch of cooking devoted to prepared meat products, many from pork.", "Pork __knowledge__ Pork is the most popular meat in Eastern and Southeastern Asia, and is also very common in the Western world, especially in Central Europe.", "Pork __knowledge__ It is highly prized in Asian cuisines for its fat content and pleasant texture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Food truck __knowledge__ A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the United States, the Texas chuckwagon is a precursor to the American food truck.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In the later 1800s, herding cattle from the Southwest to markets in the North and East kept cowhands on the trail for months at a time.", "Food truck __knowledge__ In 1866, the \"father of the Texas Panhandle,\" Charles Goodnight, a Texas cattle rancher, fitted a sturdy old United States Army wagon with interior shelving and drawers, and stocked it with kitchenware, food and medical supplies.", "Food truck __knowledge__ Food consisted of dried beans, coffee, cornmeal, greasy cloth-wrapped bacon, salt pork, beef, usually dried or salted or smoked, and other easy to preserve food stuffs.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ A food truck is a small truck that operates as a restaurant.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ The height of the cooking area shall be less than 1.5 m (1.2 m) and the area shall be not less than 0.5 m*m and not more than 0.5 m*m. A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common.", "Food trucks in South Korea __knowledge__ In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.", "Food trucks in Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg followed suit at the end of 2011 with the city council moving to ease restrictions on their operation.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ The Great Food Truck Race is a reality television and cooking series that originally aired on August 15, 2010, on Food Network, with Tyler Florence as the host.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ Billed as a cross between Cannonball Run and Top Chef, this late summer show features several competing teams of three who drive across the United States in their food trucks and make stops every week to sell food in different cities.", "The Great Food Truck Race __knowledge__ Every season, between six and eight food truck teams compete in a race where they must cook, sell, and adapt to different challenges in the hopes of winning $50,000 (and in some cases, their very own food truck).", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ In continuum mechanics, the Cauchy stress tensor formula_1, true stress tensor, or simply called the stress tensor is a second order tensor named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The tensor consists of nine components formula_2 that completely define the state of stress at a point inside a material in the deformed state, placement, or configuration.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The tensor relates a unit-length direction vector n to the stress vector T across an imaginary surface perpendicular to n: where, The SI units of both stress tensor and stress vector are [N/m^2], corresponding to the stress scalar.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The unit vector is dimensionless.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 9, 4, 3 ]

[ "Yes I love foot trucks, especially the ones with big vehicles, haha", "Oh yes, especially their selection of food from sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries they got everything. What's your fav food from them?", "Oh, I don't know about you, but I love me my bacon food truck. Yes, sir, bacon with a side of pork or beef is just delicous", "Oh yeah, but sometimes I prefer a food truck offering gourmet cuisine ", "Oh no, I've tried some regional fast food, but that's just common stuff" ]

[ "Food truck", "Food truck", "Food truck", "Food truck", "Food truck" ]

[ "Milk allergy\nIt's confession time! I have that dreaded milk allergy. I'm lactose intolerant. ", "We can't help being bloated balls of flatulence! It would be one thing if it was just milk, but there's also cheese, and some sauces.", "it's only painful if I keep it in. So when you have to let it out, you let it out.", "Usually that's the case with me, which I should be thankful for, because the last thing I'd want is for them to happen unexpectedly. ", "I try my best to do that, but I'm not a big fan of alternatives like soy or almond milk." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by eight foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Allergy to cow's milk is the most common.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The United States, Japan, and the European Union it is a requirement to note on the label foods that intentionally contain dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ This does not apply to the ingredients present unintentionally or potentially, as a consequence of cross-contact situations during manufacturing (residue or trace amount).", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Lactose intolerance is a condition in which people have symptoms due to the decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk products.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Those affected vary in the amount of lactose they can tolerate before symptoms develop.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, gas, and nausea.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ These symptoms typically start between half and two hours after drinking milk or eating milk products.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Severity depends on the amount a person eats or drinks.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ It does not cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Lactose intolerance is due to the lack of enzyme lactase in the small intestines to break lactose down into glucose and galactose.", "Milk __knowledge__ Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.", "Milk __knowledge__ It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food.", "Milk __knowledge__ Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases.", "Milk __knowledge__ It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose.", "Milk __knowledge__ As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from non-human mammals during or soon after pregnancy.", "Milk __knowledge__ Dairy farms produced about 730 million tonnes of milk in 2011, from 260 million dairy cows.", "Milk __knowledge__ India is the world's largest producer of milk, and is the leading exporter of skimmed milk powder, yet it exports few other milk products.", "Lactase persistence __knowledge__ Lactase persistence is the continued activity of the lactase enzyme in adulthood.", "Lactase persistence __knowledge__ Since lactase's only function is the digestion of lactose in milk, in most mammal species, the activity of the enzyme is dramatically reduced after weaning.", "Lactase persistence __knowledge__ In some human populations, though, lactase persistence has recently evolved as an adaptation to the consumption of nonhuman milk and dairy products beyond infancy.", "Lactase persistence __knowledge__ The majority of people around the world remain lactase nonpersistent, and consequently are affected by varying degrees of lactose intolerance as adults.", "Lactase persistence __knowledge__ However, not all genetically lactase nonpersistent individuals are noticeably lactose intolerant, and not all lactose intolerant individuals have the lactase nonpersistence genotype.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food hypersensitivity is used to refer broadly to both food intolerances and food allergies.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food allergies are immune reactions, typically an IgE reaction caused by the release of histamine but also encompassing non-IgE immune responses.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ This mechanism causes allergies to typically give immediate reaction (a few minutes to a few hours) to foods.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ A milk substitute is a liquid meant to replace the milk from a mammal.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ It is a whitish liquid that resembles milk and is often packaged as a powder to be mixed with water to yield a liquid that resembles milk.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ Milk substitutes usually contain milk powder in varying proportions of 30 to 80%, with the remainder consisting of other ingredients including whey, palm oil, coconut oil and similar vegetable extracts.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ Due to their composition, milk substitutes tend to have a longer shelf life and can withstand higher temperatures than milk, without spoiling.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ A milk substitute is often used to replace dairy milk in tea, coffee, or a recipe.", "Lactagen __knowledge__ Lactagen was a nutritional supplement produced by Ritter Pharmaceuticals that claimed to reduce the symptoms of lactose intolerance.", "Lactagen __knowledge__ In 2011, Ritter Pharmaceuticals ceased sales of Lactagen, and other dietary supplements, in order to pursue FDA approval for a treatment for lactose intolerance.", "Lactagen __knowledge__ Symptoms said to be relieved by Lactagen include bloating, gas, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping which are associated with the symptoms of lactose intolerance.", "Lactagen __knowledge__ Lactagen is a powder ingested with water or juice in increasing amounts for a period of 38 days.", "Lactagen __knowledge__ The manufacturer claims that the mixture of prebiotics and probiotics will relieve all symptoms permanently for 8 out of 10 users." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by eight foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Allergy to cow's milk is the most common.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The United States, Japan, and the European Union it is a requirement to note on the label foods that intentionally contain dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ This does not apply to the ingredients present unintentionally or potentially, as a consequence of cross-contact situations during manufacturing (residue or trace amount).", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Dutch cuisine () is formed from the cooking traditions and practices of the Netherlands.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The country's cuisine is shaped by its location in the fertile North Sea river delta of the European Plain, giving rise to fishing, farming (for crops and domesticated animals), and trading over sea (colonialism and the spice trade).", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Traditionally, Dutch cuisine is simple and straightforward, with many vegetables and little meat: breakfast and lunch are typically bread with toppings like cheese, while dinner is , supplemented with seasonal vegetables.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The diet contains many dairy products and was relatively high in carbohydrates and fat, reflecting the dietary needs of the laborers whose culture molded the country.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ I Love Money 4 or I Love Money (season 4) is the fourth season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by \"Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ The fourth season's 18 contestants were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Rock of Love\", \"Real Chance of Love\", \"Daisy of Love\", \"Megan Wants a Millionaire\", and \"For the Love of Ray J\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ Production began in late August 2009 and wrapped September 2009, and premiered on 16 September 2010.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ The show was reportedly edited in order to focus on the competitions, as VH1 noted they \"had a new programming filter in place\" in the wake of the Ryan Jenkins off-camera tragedy.", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ Real Chance of Love 2: Back in the Saddle is the second season of the VH1 reality television dating series \"Real Chance of Love\".", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ Ahmad Givens (Real) and Kamal Givens (Chance), former contestants on \"I Love New York\" are the central figures.", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ The show premiered August 3, 2009.", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ The show features twenty female contestants taking part in various challenges.", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ Real and Chance appeared on Chelsea Lately on May 25, 2009 to talk about the second season of Real Chance of Love, which was in production at the time.", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ Ultimately, Ahmad (Real) selected \"Doll\", while Kamal (Chance) selected \"Hot Wings\".", "Real Chance of Love (season 2) __knowledge__ \"First aired on August 3, 2009\" Chance and Real have returned for a second season, after both failed to making a lasting connection in season one; Chance selected no one, and Real's romantic relationship with Corn Fed ended soon after the show.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Bloat is any abnormal gas swelling, or increase in diameter of the abdominal area.", "Bloating __knowledge__ As a symptom, the patient feels a full and tight abdomen, which may cause abdominal pain and is sometimes accompanied by increased stomach growling, or more seriously, the total lack of it.", "Bloating __knowledge__ The most common symptom associated with bloating is a sensation that the abdomen is full or distended.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Rarely, bloating may be painful or cause shortness of breath.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Pains that are due to bloating will feel sharp and cause the stomach to cramp.", "Bloating __knowledge__ These pains may occur anywhere in the body and can change locations quickly.", "Bloating __knowledge__ They are so painful that they are sometimes mistaken for heart pains when they develop on the upper left side of the chest.", "Milk __knowledge__ Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.", "Milk __knowledge__ It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food.", "Milk __knowledge__ Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases.", "Milk __knowledge__ It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose.", "Milk __knowledge__ As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from non-human mammals during or soon after pregnancy.", "Milk __knowledge__ Dairy farms produced about 730 million tonnes of milk in 2011, from 260 million dairy cows.", "Milk __knowledge__ India is the world's largest producer of milk, and is the leading exporter of skimmed milk powder, yet it exports few other milk products.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Lactose intolerance is a condition in which people have symptoms due to the decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk products.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Those affected vary in the amount of lactose they can tolerate before symptoms develop.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, gas, and nausea.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ These symptoms typically start between half and two hours after drinking milk or eating milk products.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Severity depends on the amount a person eats or drinks.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ It does not cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract.", "Lactose intolerance __knowledge__ Lactose intolerance is due to the lack of enzyme lactase in the small intestines to break lactose down into glucose and galactose.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a group of symptoms—including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ These symptoms occur over a long time, often years.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ It has been classified into four main types depending on whether diarrhea is common, constipation is common, both are common, or neither occurs very often (IBS-D, IBS-C, IBS-M, or IBS-U respectively).", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ Traveler's diarrhea (TD) is a stomach and intestinal infection.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ TD is defined as the passage of unformed stool (one or more by some definitions, three or more by others) while traveling.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ It may be accompanied by abdominal cramps, nausea, fever, and bloating.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ Occasionally bloody diarrhea may occur.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ Most travelers recover within four days with little or no treatment.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ About 10% of people may have symptoms for a week.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ Bacteria are responsible for more than half of cases.", "Traveler's diarrhea __knowledge__ The bacteria enterotoxigenic \"Escherichia coli\" (ETEC) are typically the most common except in Southeast Asia, where \"Campylobacter\" is more prominent." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by eight foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Allergy to cow's milk is the most common.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The United States, Japan, and the European Union it is a requirement to note on the label foods that intentionally contain dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ This does not apply to the ingredients present unintentionally or potentially, as a consequence of cross-contact situations during manufacturing (residue or trace amount).", "Beshalach __knowledge__ Beshalach, Beshallach, or Beshalah ( — Hebrew for \"when [he] let go,\" the second word and first distinctive word in the parashah) is the sixteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Exodus.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ It constitutes In this parashah, Pharaoh changes his mind and sends his army after the Jewish people, trapping them at the Sea of Reeds.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ God commands Moses to split the sea, allowing them to pass, then closes the sea back upon the Egyptian army.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ There are the miracles of manna and clean water.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ The nation of Amalek attacks and the Jewish people are victorious.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy __knowledge__ Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a form of short-term psychotherapy developed through empirical, video-recorded research by Habib Davanloo, MD.", "Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy __knowledge__ The therapy's primary goal is to help the patient overcome internal resistance to experiencing true feelings about the present and past which have been warded off because they are either too frightening or too painful.", "Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy __knowledge__ The technique is \"intensive\" in that it aims to help the patient experience these warded-off feelings to the maximum degree possible; it is \"short-term\" in that it tries to achieve this experience as quickly as possible; it is \"dynamic\" because it involves working with unconscious forces and transference feelings.", "Apostasy in Christianity __knowledge__ Apostasy in Christianity is the rejection of Christianity by someone who formerly was a Christian.", "Apostasy in Christianity __knowledge__ The term apostasy comes from the Greek word \"apostasia\" (\"\") meaning defection, departure, revolt or rebellion.", "Apostasy in Christianity __knowledge__ It has been described as \"a willful falling away from, or rebellion against, Christianity.", "Apostasy in Christianity __knowledge__ Apostasy is the rejection of Christ by one who has been a Christian...\" \"Apostasy is a theological category describing those who have voluntarily and consciously abandoned their faith in the God of the covenant, who manifests himself most completely in Jesus Christ.\"", "Apostasy in Christianity __knowledge__ \"Apostasy is the antonym of conversion; it is deconversion.\"", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Bloat is any abnormal gas swelling, or increase in diameter of the abdominal area.", "Bloating __knowledge__ As a symptom, the patient feels a full and tight abdomen, which may cause abdominal pain and is sometimes accompanied by increased stomach growling, or more seriously, the total lack of it.", "Bloating __knowledge__ The most common symptom associated with bloating is a sensation that the abdomen is full or distended.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Rarely, bloating may be painful or cause shortness of breath.", "Bloating __knowledge__ Pains that are due to bloating will feel sharp and cause the stomach to cramp.", "Bloating __knowledge__ These pains may occur anywhere in the body and can change locations quickly.", "Bloating __knowledge__ They are so painful that they are sometimes mistaken for heart pains when they develop on the upper left side of the chest.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ In land animals the respiratory surface is internalized as linings of the lungs.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs called alveoli in mammals and reptiles, but atria in birds.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ These microscopic air sacs have a very rich blood supply, thus bringing the air into close contact with the blood.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA or triple A) is a localized enlargement of the abdominal aorta such that the diameter is greater than 3 cm or more than 50% larger than normal diameter.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ They usually cause no symptoms except when ruptured.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Occasionally, abdominal, back, or leg pain may occur.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Large aneurysms can sometimes be felt by pushing on the abdomen.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Rupture may result in pain in the abdomen or back, low blood pressure, or loss of consciousness, and often results in death.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ AAAs occur most commonly in those over 50 years old, in men, and among those with a family history.", "Abdominal aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Additional risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, and other heart or blood vessel diseases.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ An aortic aneurysm is an enlargement (dilation) of the aorta to greater than 1.5 times normal size.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ They usually cause no symptoms except when ruptured.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Occasionally, there may be abdominal, back, or leg pain.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ They are most commonly located in the abdominal aorta, but can also be located in the thoracic aorta.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Aortic aneurysms cause weakness in the wall of the aorta and increase the risk of aortic rupture.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ When rupture occurs, massive internal bleeding results and, unless treated immediately, shock and death can occur.", "Aortic aneurysm __knowledge__ Screening with ultrasound is indicated in those at high risk, prevention is by decreasing risk factors such as smoking, and treatment is either by open or endovascular surgery.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ It results in abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ When this process begins, there may be no or only vague symptoms.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Symptoms become more noticeable as the cancer progresses.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ These symptoms may include bloating, pelvic pain, abdominal swelling, and loss of appetite, among others.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ Common areas to which the cancer may spread include the lining of the abdomen, lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ The risk of ovarian cancer increases in women who have ovulated more over their lifetime.", "Ovarian cancer __knowledge__ This includes those who have never had children, those who begin ovulation at a younger age and those who reach menopause at an older age.", "Hernia __knowledge__ A hernia is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Hernias come in a number of different types.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Most commonly they involve the abdomen, specifically the groin.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Groin hernias are most common of the inguinal type but may also be femoral.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Other hernias include hiatus, incisional, and umbilical hernias.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Symptoms are present in about 66% of people with groin hernias.", "Hernia __knowledge__ This may include pain or discomfort especially with coughing, exercise, or going to the bathroom.", "Hernia __knowledge__ Often it gets worse throughout the day and improves when lying down." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by eight foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Allergy to cow's milk is the most common.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The United States, Japan, and the European Union it is a requirement to note on the label foods that intentionally contain dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ This does not apply to the ingredients present unintentionally or potentially, as a consequence of cross-contact situations during manufacturing (residue or trace amount).", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\".", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Lorelai Victoria Gilmore, played by Lauren Graham, is the only daughter of Richard and Emily Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She is the mother of Lorelai \"Rory\" Leigh Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She became pregnant at the age of 16 but refused to marry Christopher Hayden, Rory's father, because she felt that a marriage at such a young age would not work out.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Instead, she ran away to the town of Stars Hollow, which is half an hour away from Hartford.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ In Stars Hollow, she meets Mia, the owner of the Independence Inn.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She begs Mia to hire her though she has no experience of any kind.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ \"Last Thing on My Mind\" is a song written and recorded by English girl group Bananarama.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ The song is featured on their album \"Please Yourself\" and was released as the album's second single in the UK in 1992.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Mike Stock and Pete Waterman, two-thirds of the Stock Aitken Waterman (SAW) trio.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ Pete Waterman said in 2002 the song was influenced by Mozart.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ The single met with little success, peaking at number seventy-one in the UK singles chart.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ However, the song later became a hit when a cover by the band Steps was released as a single in 1998.", "Last Thing on My Mind (Bananarama song) __knowledge__ The music video features the two girls dressed in suits, ties, and gloves as they meet in a high-class European cafe where they chat, giggle, and whisper into each other's ears.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Tracey Emin, CBE, RA (born 3 July 1963) is an English contemporary artist known for her autobiographical and confessional artwork.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Emin produces work in a variety of media including drawing, painting, sculpture, film, photography, neon text and sewn appliqué.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Once the \"enfant terrible\" of the Young British Artists in the 1980s, Tracey Emin is now a Royal Academician of the Royal Academy of Arts.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ In 1997, her work \"Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995\", a tent appliquéd with the names of everyone the artist had ever shared a bed with was shown at Charles Saatchi's \"Sensation\" exhibition held at the Royal Academy in London.", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ The 2016 Daytona 500, the 58th running of the event, was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on February 21, 2016, at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida.", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 200 laps on the asphalt superspeedway, it was the first race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season.", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Denny Hamlin won the race in a photo finish over Martin Truex Jr..", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ The top-five was rounded out by Kyle Busch, Kevin Harvick and Carl Edwards.", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Chase Elliott won the pole for the race and led three laps before crashing out early in the race and finished 37th.", "2016 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt Jr., and Kyle Busch won the Duel races.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania, depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy, or irritable.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Individuals often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The need for sleep is usually reduced during manic phases.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During periods of depression, there may be crying, a negative outlook on life, and poor eye contact with others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by eight foods: cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Allergy to cow's milk is the most common.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The United States, Japan, and the European Union it is a requirement to note on the label foods that intentionally contain dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ This does not apply to the ingredients present unintentionally or potentially, as a consequence of cross-contact situations during manufacturing (residue or trace amount).", "Almond milk __knowledge__ Almond milk is a plant milk manufactured from almonds with a creamy texture and nutty taste.", "Almond milk __knowledge__ It contains neither cholesterol nor lactose, and is often consumed by those who are lactose-intolerant and others who wish to avoid dairy products, including vegans.", "Almond milk __knowledge__ Commercial almond milk comes in sweetened, unsweetened, plain, vanilla and chocolate flavors, and is usually enriched with vitamins.", "Almond milk __knowledge__ It can also be made at home using a blender, almonds and water.", "Almond milk __knowledge__ Sales of almond milk overtook soy milk in the United States in 2013, and by May 2014, it comprised two-thirds of the US plant milk market.", "Almond milk __knowledge__ In New York in 2015, a lawsuit was filed against two almond milk manufacturers, claiming that the actual almond content in marketed products contained an unexpectedly small amount of almonds.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Soy milk __knowledge__ Soy milk or soymilk is a plant-based drink produced by soaking and grinding soybeans, boiling the mixture, and filtering out remaining particulates.", "Soy milk __knowledge__ It is a stable emulsion of oil, water, and protein.", "Soy milk __knowledge__ Its original form is a natural by-product of the manufacture of tofu, but was long unpopular because its oligosaccharides caused flatulence and discomfort in lactose-intolerant adults.", "Soy milk __knowledge__ It became a staple of East Asian cuisine over the last few centuries, after it was discovered that prolonged heating eliminated this effect.", "Soy milk __knowledge__ It has become more popular in Europe and North America over the last few decades, as production techniques were developed to give it a taste and consistency more closely resembling dairy milk.", "Almond __knowledge__ The almond (\"Prunus dulcis\", syn.", "Almond __knowledge__ \"Prunus amygdalus\") is a species of tree native to the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent and North Africa.", "Almond __knowledge__ Almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree.", "Almond __knowledge__ Within the genus \"Prunus\", it is classified with the peach in the subgenus \"Amygdalus\", distinguished from the other subgenera by corrugations on the shell (endocarp) surrounding the seed.", "Almond __knowledge__ The fruit of the almond is a drupe, consisting of an outer hull and a hard shell with the seed, which is not a true nut, inside.", "Almond __knowledge__ Shelling almonds refers to removing the shell to reveal the seed.", "Plant milk __knowledge__ Plant milk has been consumed for centuries in various cultures, both as a regular drink (such as the Spanish horchata) and as a substitute for dairy milk.", "Plant milk __knowledge__ The most popular varieties are soy milk, almond milk, rice milk and coconut milk.", "Plant milk __knowledge__ The protein content varies.", "Plant milk __knowledge__ It contains no lactose or cholesterol, and is usually sold with added calcium and vitamins, especially B.", "Plant milk __knowledge__ There are several reasons for consuming plant milk: ethical (animal welfare) reasons, environmental reasons, health reasons, including lactose intolerance, milk allergy and PKU; veganism and ovo-vegetarianism; religious reasons, such as by some Christian denominations during Lent; and simple taste preference.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Waterdown, Ontario __knowledge__ Waterdown is a community in Canada which since 2001 has been a community of Hamilton, Ontario.", "Waterdown, Ontario __knowledge__ On January 1, 2001 the new city of Hamilton was formed from the amalgamation of six municipalities: Hamilton, Ontario, Ancaster, Dundas, Flamborough, Glanbrook, and Stoney Creek.", "Waterdown, Ontario __knowledge__ Before amalgamation, the \"old\" City of Hamilton had 331,121 Hamiltonians divided into 100 neighbourhoods.", "Waterdown, Ontario __knowledge__ The new amalgamated city has 490,268 people in over 200 neighbourhoods.", "Waterdown, Ontario __knowledge__ Waterdown was created from that part of East Flamborough Township on the edge of the Niagara Escarpment, just east of the junction of King's Highways Nos.", "Flamborough, Ontario __knowledge__ Flamborough is a district and former municipality in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.", "Flamborough, Ontario __knowledge__ For most of its existence before amalgamation with Hamilton in 2001, Flamborough comprised the former townships of East Flamborough, West Flamborough, and Beverly, as well as the village of Waterdown.", "Flamborough, Ontario __knowledge__ The largest suburban community is the former village of Waterdown containing perhaps one third of its thirty thousand or so inhabitants.", "Flamborough, Ontario __knowledge__ Other Flamborough communities include Carlisle, Christie's Corners, Clappison's Corners, Copetown, Freelton, Greensville, Lynden, Kirkwall, Millgrove, Mountsberg, Orkney, Peter's Corners, Rockton, Troy, Sheffield, Valens, and Westover.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting is a willing abstinence or reduction from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time.", "Fasting __knowledge__ An absolute fast or dry fasting is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a period of 24 hours, or a number of days.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Water fasting allows drinking water but nothing else.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Other fasts may be partially restrictive, limiting only particular foods or substances.", "Fasting __knowledge__ A fast may also be intermittent in nature.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting practices may preclude intercourse and other activities as well as food.", "Fasting __knowledge__ In a physiological context, fasting may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight, or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Mixtures of milk and meat (, \"basar bechalav\", literally \"meat in milk\") are prohibited according to \"Jewish law\".", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ This dietary law, basic to kashrut, is based on two verses in the Book of Exodus, which forbid \"boiling a (kid) goat in its mother's milk\" and a third repetition of this prohibition in Deuteronomy.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Some claim the Biblical statement was referring to sebum (חֵלֶב) and not milk (חָלָב).", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, these three almost identical references are the basis for three distinct dietary laws: There are three categories of Kosher food – Meat, Dairy and Parve.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Haimes disagrees with this law on the grounds that the Torah only mentions not to boil a young goat in it's mother's milk.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same." ] ]

[ 15, 53, 2, 6, 13 ]

[ "Haha, gross! My cousin is also. Once we ate hot wings and he had to drink lots of milk and ended up with bloating, diarrhea and gas!", "Yeah, that can't be fun. The build up of gas actually increases the diameter of the abdominal area... that must be painful!", "Yeah that's no fun. The symptoms can come on very rapid.", "It's probably best to completely avoid eating anything with dairy.", "I actually like almond milk! It has a nice creamy texture and nutty taste." ]

[ "Milk allergy", "Milk allergy", "Milk allergy", "Milk allergy", "Milk allergy" ]

[ "Artist\nI've thought before about being an artist. I'm not really good at any given style of art, but practice makes perfect, am I right?", "That's a thought. I'm a decent writer, and have a pretty good imagination. What's your favorite genre of writing? It could give me a kick to get started :)", "I haven't, but I keep being told I should read them. They do sound like they'd be something I'd enjoy. Do you think that genre is oversaturated at this point?", "Wow, didn't realize how many there were. That makes it daunting to get started reading them, that's for sure. But they're short, so shouldn't take long to get through I suppose." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Rotation is the second studio album by pop punk band Cute Is What We Aim For, released on June 24, 2008.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Cute Is What We Aim For released their debut album \"The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch\" in June 2006 through major label Fueled by Ramen.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Bassist Fred Cimato left the band in October and was replaced by Jack Marin.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Marin subsequently left mid-tour in April 2007 and was replaced by Cimato.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ In late May, the band announced they would be writing and recording their next album in the fall, with the aiming of releasing it in late winter.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ In July, it was reported that the band had become a five piece with the addition of Dave Melillo in time for the group's stint on Warped Tour.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ Practice Makes Perfect Holdings (PMP) is a for-profit corporation that partners with communities to create summer enrichment programs for inner-city youth from elementary school to college matriculation using a near-peer model.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ The organization pairs skills development for younger students with leadership development, career training and college prep for older students.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ PMP matches academically struggling elementary and middle school students with older, higher achieving mentor peers from the same inner-city neighborhoods.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ Trained college interns and certified teachers supervise the near-peer relationship for a five-week program.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma (ΦΣΣ), colloquially known as \"Phi Sig,\" was the first collegiate nonsectarian sorority, to allow membership of women of all faiths and backgrounds.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ The sorority was founded on November 26, 1913, and lists 60,000 initiated members, 115 collegiate chapters and more than 100 alumnae chapters, clubs and associations in the United States and Canada.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma was founded to establish to the twin ideals of promoting the brotherhood of man and alleviation of the world’s pain.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma was founded by ten women on November 26, 1913 at Hunter College, in Manhattan.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ The original name for the fraternity was Phi Sigma Omega, but they later learned this name was already in use by another organization.", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ Philippe de Broca (; 15 March 1933 – 26 November 2004) was a French movie director.", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ He directed 30 full-length feature films, including the highly successful \"That Man from Rio (\"L'Homme de Rio\")\", \"The Man from Acapulco (Le Magnifique)\" and \"On Guard (Le Bossu)\".", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ His works include historical, romantic epics such as \"Chouans!\"", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ and \"King of Hearts (Le Roi de cœur)\", as well as comedies with a charismatic, breezy hero ready to embark upon any adventure which comes his way, so long as it means escaping everyday modern life: \"Practice Makes Perfect (Le Cavaleur)\", \"The Devil by the Tail (Le Diable par la queue)\", \"The African (L'Africain)\".", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ CSC Financial Co., Ltd. trading as China Securities, is a Chinese investment bank and brokerage firm established by CITIC Securities and China Jianyin Investment in 2005 in a 60–40 ratio, as a successor of bankrupted China Securities Co., Ltd. (CSC).", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ However, the firm now majority owned by Jianyin Investment's parent company Central Huijin Investment and an asset managing subsidiary of .", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ The company registered in Hong Kong as a foreign incorporated company as China Securities Finance Co., Ltd. on 28 July 2016 and CSC Financial Co., Ltd. on 20 October, the latter was used in the IPO of CSC's H share.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ Clinton Eastwood Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor, filmmaker, musician, and political figure.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ After achieving success in the Western TV series \"Rawhide\", he rose to international fame with his role as the Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's \"Dollars\" Trilogy of Spaghetti Westerns during the 1960s, and as antihero cop Harry Callahan in the five \"Dirty Harry\" films throughout the 1970s and 1980s.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ These roles, among others, have made Eastwood an enduring cultural icon of masculinity.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ For his work in the Western film \"Unforgiven\" (1992) and the sports drama \"Million Dollar Baby\" (2004), Eastwood won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, as well as receiving nominations for Best Actor.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented Pennsylvania State University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The team was coached by Bill O'Brien and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ They were a member of the Big Ten Conference and its Leaders Division.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Penn State was ineligible to play in a bowl game for the 2013 season, the second season of a four-year ban, due to NCAA sanctions imposed in the wake of the Penn State child sex abuse scandal.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Before the season, Penn State had an open competition to win the starting quarterback position; true freshman Christian Hackenberg won and started all 12 games for the Nittany Lions.", "Wicca __knowledge__ Wicca (), also termed Pagan Witchcraft, is a contemporary Pagan new religious movement.", "Wicca __knowledge__ It was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and was introduced to the public in 1954 by Gerald Gardner, a retired British civil servant.", "Wicca __knowledge__ Wicca draws upon a diverse set of ancient pagan and 20th-century hermetic motifs for its theological structure and ritual practices.", "Wicca __knowledge__ Wicca has no central authority.", "Wicca __knowledge__ Its traditional core beliefs, principles and practices were originally outlined in the 1940s and 1950s by Gardner and Doreen Valiente, both in published books as well as in secret written and oral teachings passed along to their initiates.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school.", "R. Prophet __knowledge__ Kenneth Ryan Anthony (born November 29, 1977) better known by his stage name R. Prophet, is an American rapper.", "R. Prophet __knowledge__ He was formerly in the Kentucky-based quintet alternative southern rap group Nappy Roots.", "R. Prophet __knowledge__ He attended Western Kentucky University with the present Nappy Roots members.", "R. Prophet __knowledge__ R. Prophet, born Kenneth Ryan Anthony, is an Oakland, California native and relocated to Louisville, Kentucky in 1985.", "R. Prophet __knowledge__ Anthony later pursued acting and theatre by attending duPont Manual High School's Youth Performing Arts School, one of only two programs in Kentucky allowing high school students to major in performing arts.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Robert Paul \"Tad\" Williams (born 14 March 1957 in San Jose, California) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He is the author of the multivolume \"Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn\" series, \"Otherland\" series, and \"Shadowmarch\" series as well as the standalone novels \"Tailchaser's Song\" and \"The War of the Flowers\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Most recently, Williams published \"The Bobby Dollar\" series.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Cumulatively, over 17 million copies of Williams's works have been sold.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Williams's work in comics includes a six issue mini-series for DC Comics called \"The Next\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He also wrote \"\" issue #50 to #57.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Other comic work includes \"Mirrorworld: Rain\" and \"The Helmet of Fate: Ibis the Invincible #1\" (DC).", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ Micheál Ó Mordha () (c.1639-1723) was an Irish priest, philosopher and educationalist.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ Ó Mordha – generally referred to as \"Moore\" or \"Moor\" in contemporary documents – was born in Dublin about 1639.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ He left Ireland at a young age to be educated in Nantes and Paris, where he taught philosophy and rhetoric at the Collège des Grassins.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ He was proposed for the position of rector at the University of Paris in June 1677 by a faction who wished to replace the then rector, Nicholas Pieres, but felt compelled to decline the offer.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ Returning to Ireland in the early 1680s, he was ordained in 1684.", "Micheál Ó Mordha __knowledge__ Archbishop of Dublin, Patrick Russell (1683–92) appointed him vicar-general of the Diocese of Dublin.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "The Dresden Files Roleplaying Game __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\" Roleplaying Game is a licensed role-playing game based on \"The Dresden Files\" and using the Fate system.", "The Dresden Files Roleplaying Game __knowledge__ It was released in late 2010 in two hardcover volumes: \"Your Story\" with the rules information and \"Our World\" with setting information, and won numerous awards at all of the Origins Awards, the ENnies, and the Golden Geek Awards.", "The Dresden Files Roleplaying Game __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\" Roleplaying Game is written as an in-universe artifact: a draft of tabletop role-playing game written by Billy Borden in order to explain to both his werewolf pack and to mortals how the supernatural world works.", "The Dresden Files Roleplaying Game __knowledge__ He hopes that in-universe it will allow him to reveal the weaknesses of supernatural creatures, making the rest of the supernatural world as vulnerable as the publication of Dracula made \"Black Court\" Vampires.", "The Dresden Files __knowledge__ The Dresden Files is a series of contemporary fantasy/mystery novels written by American author Jim Butcher.", "The Dresden Files __knowledge__ The first novel, \"Storm Front\", was published in 2000 by Roc Books.", "The Dresden Files __knowledge__ The books are written as a first person narrative from the perspective of the main character, private investigator and wizard Harry Dresden, as he recounts investigations into supernatural disturbances in modern-day Chicago.", "The Dresden Files __knowledge__ Butcher's original proposed title for the first novel was \"Semiautomagic\", which sums up the series' balance of fantasy and hard-boiled detective fiction.", "The Dresden Files __knowledge__ As of 2017, Butcher has written 15 novels set in the \"Dresden Files\" universe, plus a number of short stories (some of which are collected in the anthology \"Side Jobs\").", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ Jim Butcher (born October 26, 1971) is an American author best known for his contemporary fantasy book series \"The Dresden Files\".", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ He is also the author of the \"Codex Alera\" series, and the \"Cinder Spires\" series.", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ Butcher was born in Independence, Missouri, in 1971.", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ He is the youngest of three children, having two older sisters.", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ While he was sick with strep throat as a child, Butcher's sisters introduced him to \"The Lord of the Rings\" and \"The Han Solo Adventures\" novels to pass the time, thus beginning his fascination with fantasy and science fiction.", "Jim Butcher __knowledge__ As a teenager, he completed his first novel and set out to become a writer.", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ In the universe of \"The Dresden Files\", a series of fantasy/mystery novels written by Jim Butcher, each magical species (human wizards, faeries, vampires, etc.)", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ has its own political and societal rules, and organizations.", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ The human wizards depend on the White Council, while the vampires and faeries belong to various courts.", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ The White Council is the governing body of the Wizard community in the world.", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ They primarily protect humanity from abuses of magic, but also shield this world from the Sidhe and other creatures that wish humanity harm.", "The Dresden Files groups __knowledge__ It is also a political and democratic organization seeking to unite wizards throughout the world, and can make or break treaties with the other supernatural powers as necessary.", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a fictional detective and wizard.", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ He was created by Jim Butcher and is the protagonist of the contemporary fantasy series The Dresden Files.", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ The series blends magic and hardboiled detective fiction.", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ In addition to the fifteen \"The Dresden Files\" novels, he has appeared in fifteen short stories, as well as a limited series comic and an unlimited series comic.", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ He was also adapted into a character by the same name for the TV series version of the novel series, also called \"The Dresden Files\".", "Harry Dresden __knowledge__ Harry Dresden is a wizard who works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ The Dresden Files is a Canadian/American television series based on the fantasy book series of the same name by Jim Butcher.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ It premiered January 21, 2007 on the Sci Fi Channel in the United States and on Space in Canada.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ It was picked up by Sky One in the UK and began airing on February 14, 2007.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ The series ran for a single season of twelve episodes, and has since been released on DVD.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ The Sci Fi Channel announced on August 3, 2007 that \"The Dresden Files\" would not be renewed for a second season.", "The Dresden Files (TV series) __knowledge__ Casting was confirmed on November 29, 2005 by Robert Hewitt Wolfe: In 2005, the SciFi Channel announced that it had optioned \"The Dresden Files\" as a two-hour film and backdoor pilot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Short story __knowledge__ A short story is a piece of prose fiction that can be read in one sitting.", "Short story __knowledge__ Emerging from earlier oral storytelling traditions in the 17th century, the short story has grown to encompass a body of work so diverse as to defy easy characterization.", "Short story __knowledge__ At its most prototypical the short story features a small cast of named characters, and focuses on a self-contained incident with the intent of evoking a \"single effect\" or mood.", "Short story __knowledge__ In doing so, short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components to a far greater degree than is typical of an anecdote, yet to a far lesser degree than a novel.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Jerome David Salinger (; January 1, 1919 January 27, 2010) was an American writer known for his widely-read novel \"The Catcher in the Rye\".", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Following his early success publishing short stories and \"The Catcher in the Rye\", Salinger led a very private life for more than a half-century.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ He published his final original work in 1965 and gave his last interview in 1980.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Salinger was raised in Manhattan and began writing short stories while in secondary school.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Several were published in \"Story\" magazine in the early 1940s before he began serving in World War II.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ In 1948, his critically acclaimed story \"A Perfect Day for Bananafish\" appeared in \"The New Yorker\" magazine, which became home to much of his later work.", "The Horus Heresy (novels) __knowledge__ The Horus Heresy is an ongoing series of science fantasy books written by various authors.", "The Horus Heresy (novels) __knowledge__ The series takes place during the Horus Heresy, a fictional galaxy-spanning civil war occurring 10,000 years prior to the far future setting of Games Workshop's \"Warhammer 40,000\" tabletop miniatures wargame.", "The Horus Heresy (novels) __knowledge__ The war is described as a major contributing factor to the game's dystopian environment.", "The Horus Heresy (novels) __knowledge__ The books are published in several media by the Black Library, a Games Workshop division, with the first title released in April 2006; the work consist of 46 published volumes, with more in the pipeline.", "The Horus Heresy (novels) __knowledge__ The series has developed into a distinct and successful product line for the Black Library; titles have often appeared in bestseller lists, and overall the work has received critical approval despite reservations.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "P. G. Wodehouse __knowledge__ Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse (; 15 October 188114 February 1975) was an English-American author and one of the most widely read humorists of the 20th century.", "P. G. Wodehouse __knowledge__ Born in Guildford, the son of a British magistrate based in Hong Kong, Wodehouse spent happy teenage years at Dulwich College, to which he remained devoted all his life.", "P. G. Wodehouse __knowledge__ After leaving school he was employed by a bank but disliked the work and turned to writing in his spare time.", "P. G. Wodehouse __knowledge__ His early novels were mostly school stories, but he later switched to comic fiction, creating several regular characters who became familiar to the public over the years.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This list of Donald Duck universe characters focuses on Disney cartoon characters who typically appear with Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck, but are not related to them.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For relatives of Donald and Scrooge, see Duck family (Disney) or Clan McDuck.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For characters exclusive to the \"DuckTales\" franchise, see List of \"DuckTales\" characters.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Ducks are the most common type of named characters in the Donald Duck universe.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Like Donald, they appear as white American Pekin ducks.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This section contains a list of characters with the surname \"Duck\" who are not related to Donald.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ As Don Rosa explained, \"Duck\" is an common name in Duckburg (just as \"Smith\" or \"Jones\" are common in the real-life United States) and does not necessarily identify a blood relation of Donald." ] ]

[ 5, 52, 56, 46 ]

[ "That's very true, it takes dedication. But you know you could be a writer, technically they're artists too.", "Ever read The Dresden Files? Fantasy/mystery series, great world-building. I enjoy writing most when I get to world build like that!", "I mean, the guy's written 15 of them at this point, and short stories, so there's clearly a market for it if you're good.", "Yes, absolutely. It's easy to stay motivated when you can read through a whole story in one sitting. And it's worth it." ]

[ "Artist", "Artist", "Artist", "Artist" ]

[ "Spitz\nhave you ever seen a Spitz? they look like little furballs", "yes. my neighbor has several. i believe he is a breeder and sells them", "from what i have seen they curl. they are mostly white tho he does have one that is more tan colored ", "from what i know they do. being that furry it tends to keep them warm even in cold or arctic climates ", "yes i know. not to mention that its because of them that we have more then a few variations of the small dog breeds" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz are a type of dog characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The tail often curls over the dog's back or droops.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The exact origins of spitz dogs are not known, though most of the spitz seen today originate from the Arctic region or Siberia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The type was described as \"Canis pomeranus\" by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revision of \"Systema Naturae\" in 1788 (printed in English in 1792).", "Spitz __knowledge__ Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that spitz dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European spitz, such as the German Spitz.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Many spitz also migrated into Siberia and Mongolia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Manchuria.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These Asian spitz are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, spitz have been developed to help humans in three ways: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The larger and more powerful breeds—such as the Akita Inu, Karelian Bear Dog, Norwegian Elkhound, and Swedish Elkhound—are used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and brown bears.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10, 1950) is an American former competitive swimmer, nine-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in 7 events.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps, who won eight golds at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz set new world records in all seven events in which he competed in 1972.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz holds more medals than any other Jewish athlete in the history of the Olympics.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz won nine Olympic golds, a silver, and a bronze; five Pan American golds; 31 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) titles; and eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) titles.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Dan Spitz __knowledge__ Daniel Alan Spitz (born January 28, 1963) is an American musician and watchmaker best known for his work as the lead guitarist, principal songwriter and co-producer of the American heavy metal band Anthrax from 1983 to 1995 and from 2005 to 2008.", "Dan Spitz __knowledge__ With Anthrax, Spitz was nominated for three Grammy awards and has been awarded platinum and multiple platinum RIAA certified albums for his entire Anthrax catalog of work.", "Dan Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz also founded the Christian music group Red Lamb alongside Dave Mustaine of Megadeth as his writing partner, the first to bring autism awareness into any genre of music or music video.", "German Spitz __knowledge__ German Spitz is used to refer to both a breed of dog and category or type of dog.", "German Spitz __knowledge__ Several modern breeds have been developed from the German Spitz, and are either registered as separate breeds or as varieties of German Spitz.", "German Spitz __knowledge__ All the \"German Spitz type\" dogs are dogs of the Spitz type of German origin.", "German Spitz __knowledge__ The Großspitz, Mittelspitz, and Kleinspitz breeds of \"German Spitz type\" are also called the German Spitz in English.", "German Spitz __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes the German Spitz (Deutscher Spitz) under Group 5, Section 4, \"European Spitz\".", "German Spitz __knowledge__ The Deutscher Spitz is one breed; names differentiate sizes and colour: Since there is no one German Spitz breed type, \"German Spitz\" can also be considered a subtype of the Spitz.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ The Danish Spitz is a dog breed, originating from Denmark.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ The breed is known for making a good family pet, particularly as they are patient with children.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ They were once known as the nanny dog, and were used on farms around the country as the children's dog – although they were initially a companion of the upper class.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ Throughout time they've been known under various names, including Samoyed Spitz, Wolf Spitz, Greenland Spitz and White Spitz, which made it difficult to keep track of the breed and the breeding.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ Today the breed is known as the Danish Spitz.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ From January 1, 2013 it was made possible to register dogs of the breed in DKK – the Kennel club in Denmark, registered under the Fédération Cynologique Internationale.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ A Finnish Spitz (Finnish language: \"Suomenpystykorva\") is a breed of dog originating in Finland.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ The breed was originally bred to hunt all types of game from squirrels and other rodents to bears.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ It is a \"bark pointer\", indicating the position of game by barking, and drawing the game animal's attention to itself, allowing an easier approach for the hunter.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ Its original game hunting purpose was to point to game that fled into trees, such as grouse, and capercaillies, but it also serves well for hunting elk.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ Some individuals have even been known to go after a bear.", "Finnish Spitz __knowledge__ In its native country, the breed is still mostly used as a hunting dog.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Caylee Marie Anthony (August 9, 2005 – 2008) was a two-year-old American girl who lived in Orlando, Florida (United States), with her mother, Casey Marie Anthony (born March 19, 1986), and her maternal grandparents, George and Cindy Anthony.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ On July 15, 2008, she was reported missing in a call made by Cindy, who said she had not seen Caylee for 31 days and that Casey's car smelled like a dead body had been inside it.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Cindy said Casey had given varied explanations as to Caylee's whereabouts before finally telling her that she had not seen Caylee for weeks.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Casey lied to detectives, telling them Caylee had been kidnapped by a nanny on June 9, and that she had been trying to find her, too frightened to alert the authorities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz are a type of dog characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The tail often curls over the dog's back or droops.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The exact origins of spitz dogs are not known, though most of the spitz seen today originate from the Arctic region or Siberia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The type was described as \"Canis pomeranus\" by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revision of \"Systema Naturae\" in 1788 (printed in English in 1792).", "Spitz __knowledge__ Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that spitz dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European spitz, such as the German Spitz.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Many spitz also migrated into Siberia and Mongolia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Manchuria.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These Asian spitz are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, spitz have been developed to help humans in three ways: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The larger and more powerful breeds—such as the Akita Inu, Karelian Bear Dog, Norwegian Elkhound, and Swedish Elkhound—are used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and brown bears.", "Breeder reactor __knowledge__ A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes.", "Breeder reactor __knowledge__ These devices achieve this because their neutron economy is high enough to breed more fissile fuel than they use from fertile material, such as uranium-238 or thorium-232.", "Breeder reactor __knowledge__ Breeders were at first found attractive because their fuel economy was better than light water reactors, but interest declined after the 1960s as more uranium reserves were found, and new methods of uranium enrichment reduced fuel costs.", "Breeder reactor __knowledge__ Breeder reactors could, in principle, extract almost all of the energy contained in uranium or thorium, decreasing fuel requirements by a factor of 100 compared to widely used once-through light water reactors, which extract less than 1% of the energy in the uranium mined from the earth.", "Peak uranium __knowledge__ Peak uranium is the point in time that the maximum global uranium production rate is reached.", "Peak uranium __knowledge__ After that peak, according to Hubbert peak theory, the rate of production enters a terminal decline.", "Peak uranium __knowledge__ While uranium is used in nuclear weapons, its primary use is for energy generation via nuclear fission of the uranium-235 isotope in a nuclear power reactor.", "Peak uranium __knowledge__ Each kilogram of uranium-235 fissioned releases the energy equivalent of millions of times its mass in chemical reactants, as much energy as 2700 tons of coal, but uranium-235 is only 0.7% of the mass of natural uranium.", "Peak uranium __knowledge__ Uranium-235 is a finite non-renewable resource.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Culling __knowledge__ In biology, culling is the process of segregating organisms from a group according to desired or undesired characteristics.", "Culling __knowledge__ In animal breeding, culling is the process of removing or segregating animals from a breeding stock based on specific trait.", "Culling __knowledge__ This is done to exaggerate desirable characteristics, or to remove undesirable characteristics by altering the genetic diversity of the population.", "Culling __knowledge__ For livestock and wildlife, culling often refers to the act of killing removed animals.", "Culling __knowledge__ In fruits and vegetables, culling is the sorting or segregation of fresh harvested produce into marketable lots, with the non-marketable lots being discarded or diverted into food processing or non-food processing activities.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ Neolamprologus pulcher is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it prefers locations with plenty of sedimentation.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ The common name for \"N. pulcher\" is the daffodil cichlid.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ This species can reach a length of TL.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ It can also be found in the aquarium trade.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ Previously, it was believed that \"N. pulcher\" and \"N. brichardi\" were two distinct species.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ Now they are considered the same species, the only difference being that Neolamprologus brichardi has a black stripe running from its eye to its gill cover and a yellow spot just above it, both of which are absent in N. pulcher.", "Neolamprologus pulcher __knowledge__ Because Neolamprologus pulcher is the older of the two scientific names, the rules of scientific nomenclature would make this the correct name for the species.", "Pointy ears __knowledge__ Pointy ears or pointed ears are a characteristic of numerous animals, at least one genetic disorder in humans, as well as a popular cliché in popular culture, particularly in the fantasy genre.", "Pointy ears __knowledge__ Pointy ears is a characteristic of some animals, for example the cat, the vampire bats, civets and genets of the viverridae family, red pandas and African bush pigs.", "Pointy ears __knowledge__ One of the characteristics of the Williams syndrome has been described as \"pointed ears\".", "Pointy ears __knowledge__ There are also cases of people being born with pointed ears not associated to William's syndrome.", "Pointy ears __knowledge__ In one family a woman was born with two pointed ears, she later had a son with two less dramatically pointed ears, and she had a great uncle with one pointed ear.", "Ear __knowledge__ The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance.", "Ear __knowledge__ In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, middle ear and the inner ear.", "Ear __knowledge__ The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal.", "Ear __knowledge__ Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear in most animals, the word \"ear\" often refers to the external part alone.", "Ear __knowledge__ The middle ear includes the tympanic cavity and the three ossicles.", "Ear __knowledge__ The inner ear sits in the bony labyrinth, and contains structures which are key to several senses: the semicircular canals, which enable balance and eye tracking when moving; the utricle and saccule, which enable balance when stationary; and the cochlea, which enables hearing.", "Batsuit __knowledge__ The Batsuit (or Bat-Suit) is the costume of the fictional superhero Batman, who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Batsuit __knowledge__ The suit has been depicted in various ways, and the stories themselves have described Batman as modifying the details of his costume from time to time.", "Batsuit __knowledge__ However, it usually consists of a grey body suit, the chest emblazoned with a stylized black bat, and blue-black accessories: a wide scalloped cape, gloves with a series of fin-like projections, boots, and a close-fitting cowl (covering the upper half of his face) with ear-like projections to suggest a bat's head; and a utility belt containing a variety of gadgets.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The development of Spock, a fictional character first introduced in the American science fiction television series \"\", began prior to the start of the series.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The first known mention of Spock was in a discussion between Gene Roddenberry and Gary Lockwood, where the latter suggested Leonard Nimoy for the role.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ Roddenberry agreed with the suggestion, and Nimoy became the first choice actor for the part.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ However, Roddenberry was required to audition other actors for the role.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ It was offered to both DeForest Kelley and Martin Landau before Nimoy, who accepted the part.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The actor disliked the prosthetic ears he was required to wear, and there were concerns from the studio that they made him appear satanic.", "Great Pyrenees __knowledge__ The Pyrenean Mountain Dog, known as the Great Pyrenees in North America, is a large breed of dog used as a livestock guardian dog.", "Great Pyrenees __knowledge__ It should not be confused with the Pyrenean Mastiff.", "Great Pyrenees __knowledge__ As late as 1874 the breed was not completely standardized in appearance, with two major sub-types recorded, the Western and the Eastern.", "Great Pyrenees __knowledge__ They are related to several other large white European livestock guardian dogs (LGD), including the Italian Maremma Sheepdog, Kuvasz (Hungary), Akbash Dog (Turkey) and Polish Tatra or Polski Owczarek Podhalański, and somewhat less closely to the Newfoundland and St. Bernard.", "Great Pyrenees __knowledge__ According to the Great Pyrenees Club of America, the Great Pyrenees is naturally nocturnal and aggressive with any predators that may harm its flock.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz are a type of dog characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The tail often curls over the dog's back or droops.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The exact origins of spitz dogs are not known, though most of the spitz seen today originate from the Arctic region or Siberia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The type was described as \"Canis pomeranus\" by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revision of \"Systema Naturae\" in 1788 (printed in English in 1792).", "Spitz __knowledge__ Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that spitz dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European spitz, such as the German Spitz.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Many spitz also migrated into Siberia and Mongolia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Manchuria.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These Asian spitz are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, spitz have been developed to help humans in three ways: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The larger and more powerful breeds—such as the Akita Inu, Karelian Bear Dog, Norwegian Elkhound, and Swedish Elkhound—are used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and brown bears.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Before dawn on January 30, 1964, General Nguyễn Khánh ousted the military junta led by General Dương Văn Minh from the leadership of South Vietnam without firing a shot.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ It came less than three months after Minh's junta had themselves come to power in a bloody coup against then President Ngô Đình Diệm.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ The coup was bloodless and took less than a few hours—after power had been seized Minh's aide and bodyguard, Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung was arrested and summarily executed.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Distrusted by his colleagues because of his tendency to change sides and his reputation as an intriguer, Khánh was assigned to I Corps in the far north of the country after Diệm's overthrow to keep him away from the capital Saigon.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ In vector calculus, the curl is a vector operator that describes the infinitesimal rotation of a vector field in three-dimensional Euclidean space.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ At every point in the field, the curl of that point is represented by a vector.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ The attributes of this vector (length and direction) characterize the rotation at that point.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ The direction of the curl is the axis of rotation, as determined by the right-hand rule, and the magnitude of the curl is the magnitude of rotation.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ If the vector field represents the flow velocity of a moving fluid, then the curl is the circulation density of the fluid.", "Curl (mathematics) __knowledge__ A vector field whose curl is zero is called irrotational.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Curl Curl is a suburb of northern Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia, north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Northern Beaches Council.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ It is part of the Northern Beaches region.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Curl Curl Lagoon and Greendale Creek, separate Curl Curl from North Curl Curl.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Neighbouring suburbs include Freshwater, Brookvale and Dee Why.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Wingala is an adjacent locality.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Curl Curl Beach runs along the eastern border and extends to North Curl Curl Beach.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ The stretch of beach at Curl Curl is divided into North and South Curl Curl beaches.", "Curl Curl __knowledge__ Curl Curl is known for some of the best surfing on the Northern Beaches.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho () is the capital city, center of economics, education and technology of Tiền Giang Province, located in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 169,000 in 2006 and 220,000 in 2012.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The majority ethnic group is the Kinh, and some of the Chinese, the Cham and the Khmer.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Boat rides on the Mỹ Tho River are popular with tourists, and the city is known for \"hủ tiếu Mỹ Tho\", a type of soup.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho was founded in the 1680s by Chinese refugees fleeing China, when the entire country became a colony of the Manchu-led Qing Empire in 1683.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The area, at the time, was once part of the former Khmer Empire and it was annexed to Vietnam in the 18th century.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ Tan Son Nhut Air Base () (1955–1975) was a Republic of Vietnam Air Force (VNAF) facility.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ It is located near the city of Saigon in southern Vietnam.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ The United States used it as a major base during the Vietnam War (1959–1975), stationing Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine units there.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ Following the Fall of Saigon, it was taken over as a Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) facility and remains in use today.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ Tan Son Nhat International Airport, (IATA: SGN, ICAO: VVTS) has been a major Vietnamese civil airport since the 1920s.", "Tan Son Nhut Air Base __knowledge__ Tan Son Nhat Airport was built by the French in the 1920s when the French Colonial government of Indochina constructed a small unpaved airport, known as Tan Son Nhat Airfield, in the village of Tan Son Nhat to serve as Saigon's commercial airport.", "North Curl Curl, New South Wales __knowledge__ North Curl Curl is a suburb in northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 19 kilometres north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Northern Beaches Council.", "North Curl Curl, New South Wales __knowledge__ It is part of the Northern Beaches region.", "North Curl Curl, New South Wales __knowledge__ Curl Curl may be derived from the Aboriginal phrase \"curial curial\", meaning \"river of life\".", "North Curl Curl, New South Wales __knowledge__ The name Curl Curl Lagoon was originally applied to Manly Lagoon, which empties into the ocean at Queenscliff, and the current Curl Curl Lagoon was named Harbord Lagoon.", "North Curl Curl, New South Wales __knowledge__ This was a result of the land grant of 'Harbord' originally being much larger than the suburb that later bore this name.", "Coton de Tulear __knowledge__ The Coton de Tuléar is a breed of small dog named for the city of Tuléar in Madagascar and for its cotton-like coat.", "Coton de Tulear __knowledge__ Multiple registries with differing standards describe the Coton de Tulear, but it generally has very soft hair (as opposed to fur), comparable to a cotton ball (hence its name in French, \"coton\" meaning cotton), a prominent black nose, large expressive eyes (usually covered by bangs), and somewhat short legs.", "Coton de Tulear __knowledge__ The Coton de Tulear's tail should curl over its back.", "Coton de Tulear __knowledge__ The Coton de Tuléar has a medium-to-long, fluffy, cotton-like coat that is considered hair rather than fur.", "Coton de Tulear __knowledge__ It is a non-shedding breed with low dander.", "Droop quota __knowledge__ The Droop quota is the quota most commonly used in elections held under the single transferable vote (STV) system.", "Droop quota __knowledge__ It is also sometimes used in elections held under the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation (list PR).", "Droop quota __knowledge__ In an STV election the quota is the minimum number of votes a candidate must receive in order to be elected.", "Droop quota __knowledge__ Any votes a candidate receives above the quota are transferred to another candidate.", "Droop quota __knowledge__ The Droop quota was devised in 1868 by the English lawyer and mathematician Henry Richmond Droop (1831–1884) as a replacement for the earlier Hare quota.", "Droop quota __knowledge__ Today the Droop quota is used in almost all STV elections, including the forms of STV used in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Malta and Australia, among other places.", "Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas __knowledge__ In elections that use the single transferable vote (STV) method, \"quotas\" are used (a) for the determination of candidates considered elected; and (b) for the calculation of surplus votes to be redistributed.", "Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas __knowledge__ Two quotas in common use are the Hare quota and the Droop quota.", "Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas __knowledge__ The largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation can also use Hare quotas or Droop quotas.", "Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas __knowledge__ The earliest versions of STV used the Hare quota.", "Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas __knowledge__ The Hare quota is equal to the total valid poll (V) divided by the total number of seats (n), or V / n. The Droop quota is smaller than the Hare quota, and was first suggested because it is the smallest quota that, like the Hare quota, ensures that the number of candidates who reach the quota will not be greater than the number of seats to be filled.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.", "Cajun cuisine __knowledge__ Cajun cuisine (, ) is a style of cooking named for the French-speaking Acadian people deported by the British from Acadia in Canada to the Acadiana region of Louisiana.", "Cajun cuisine __knowledge__ It is what could be called a rustic cuisine; locally available ingredients predominate and preparation is simple.", "Cajun cuisine __knowledge__ An authentic Cajun meal is usually a three-pot affair, with one pot dedicated to the main dish, one dedicated to steamed rice, special made sausages, or some seafood dish, and the third containing whatever vegetable is plentiful or available.", "Cajun cuisine __knowledge__ Crawfish, shrimp, and andouille sausage are staple meats used in a variety of dishes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz are a type of dog characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The tail often curls over the dog's back or droops.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The exact origins of spitz dogs are not known, though most of the spitz seen today originate from the Arctic region or Siberia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The type was described as \"Canis pomeranus\" by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revision of \"Systema Naturae\" in 1788 (printed in English in 1792).", "Spitz __knowledge__ Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that spitz dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European spitz, such as the German Spitz.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Many spitz also migrated into Siberia and Mongolia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Manchuria.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These Asian spitz are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, spitz have been developed to help humans in three ways: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The larger and more powerful breeds—such as the Akita Inu, Karelian Bear Dog, Norwegian Elkhound, and Swedish Elkhound—are used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and brown bears.", "German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin __knowledge__ Pinguin was a German auxiliary cruiser (\"Hilfskreuzer\") which served as a commerce raider in World War II.", "German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin __knowledge__ \"Pinguin\" was known to the \"Kriegsmarine\" as Schiff 33, and designated HSK 5.", "German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin __knowledge__ The most successful commerce raider of the war, she was known to the British Royal Navy as Raider F. Formerly a freighter named \"Kandelfels\", she was built by Deschimag A.G. Weser in 1936, and was owned and operated by the Hansa Line, Bremen.", "German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin __knowledge__ She was the sister-ship of \"Kybfels\", and a half-sister of \"Goldenfels\" (built by Bremer Vulkan), which was converted into the raider .", "German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin __knowledge__ In the winter of 1939–40, she was requisitioned by the \"Kriegsmarine\" (KM) and converted to a warship by Deschimag A.G. Weser, Bremen.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Action of 8 May 1941 __knowledge__ The action of 8 May 1941 was a single ship action fought during the Second World War by the British heavy cruiser and the \"Kriegsmarine\" (German Navy) auxiliary cruiser (\"Raider F\" to the Admiralty and to the \"Kriegsmarine\").", "Action of 8 May 1941 __knowledge__ The engagement took place in the Indian Ocean off the Seychelles archipelago, north of Madagascar.", "Action of 8 May 1941 __knowledge__ \"Pinguin\" slightly damaged \"Cornwall\", before return-fire caused an explosion and \"Pinguin\" sank.", "Action of 8 May 1941 __knowledge__ One British sailor was killed and of and Indian Merchant Navy prisoners, captured from over thirty merchant vessels on \"Pinguin\", killed in the explosion.", "Action of 8 May 1941 __knowledge__ Of the crew of killed and rescued along with the Merchant Navy prisoners.", "Climate of the Arctic __knowledge__ The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers.", "Climate of the Arctic __knowledge__ There is a large amount of variability in climate across the Arctic, but all regions experience extremes of solar radiation in both summer and winter.", "Climate of the Arctic __knowledge__ Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice (sea ice, glacial ice, or snow) year-round, and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice on the surface.", "Climate of the Arctic __knowledge__ Average January temperatures range from about −34 °C to 0 °C (−40 to +32 °F), and winter temperatures can drop below −50 °C (−58 °F) over large parts of the Arctic.", "Climate of the Arctic __knowledge__ Average July temperatures range from about −10 to +10 °C (14 to 50 °F), with some land areas occasionally exceeding 30 °C (86 °F) in summer.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Arctic fox __knowledge__ The Arctic fox (\"Vulpes lagopus\"), also known as the white fox, polar fox, or snow fox, is a small fox native to the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and common throughout the Arctic tundra biome.", "Arctic fox __knowledge__ It is well adapted to living in cold environments, and is best known for its thick, warm fur that is also used as camouflage.", "Arctic fox __knowledge__ On average, Arctic foxes only live 3-4 years in the wild.", "Arctic fox __knowledge__ Its body length ranges from , with a generally rounded body shape to minimize the escape of body heat.", "Arctic fox __knowledge__ The Arctic fox preys on many small creatures such as: lemmings, voles, ringed seal pups, fish, waterfowl, and seabirds.", "Bird migration __knowledge__ Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds.", "Bird migration __knowledge__ Many species of bird migrate.", "Bird migration __knowledge__ Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is driven primarily by availability of food.", "Bird migration __knowledge__ It occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where birds are funneled on to specific routes by natural barriers such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea.", "Bird migration __knowledge__ Migration of species such as storks, turtle doves, and swallows was recorded as many as 3,000 years ago by Ancient Greek authors, including Homer and Aristotle, and in the Book of Job.", "Arctic policy of the United States __knowledge__ The Arctic policy of the United States refers to the foreign policy of the United States in regard to the Arctic region.", "Arctic policy of the United States __knowledge__ In addition, the United States' domestic policy toward Alaska is part of its Arctic policy.", "Arctic policy of the United States __knowledge__ Since March 30, 1867 (when the United States purchased Alaska from the Russian Empire), the United States of America has been one of the eight Arctic nations and one of the five Arctic Ocean littoral countries.", "Arctic policy of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has been a member of the Arctic Council since its inception in 1996 and assumed the Chairmanship (from Canada) in April 2015.", "Arctic policy of the United States __knowledge__ 4 of the Arctic Council's 6 Permanent Participant indigenous organizations have representatives in Alaska.", "Arctic resources race __knowledge__ The Arctic resources race refers to the competition between global entities for newly available natural resources in the Arctic.", "Arctic resources race __knowledge__ As the ice in the Arctic melts at a record rate and the sea ice extent continues to decrease due to global climate change, the Arctic waters become more navigable and Arctic resources—such as oil and gas, minerals, fish, as well as tourism and new trade routes—are becoming more accessible.", "Arctic resources race __knowledge__ Under the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea, five nations have the legal right to exploit the Arctic’s natural resources within their exclusive economic zones: Canada, Russia, Denmark, Norway, and the United States (though the U.S. has yet to ratify the treaty, it considers the treaty to be customary international law and abides by it).", "Arctic __knowledge__ The Arctic ( or ) is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth.", "Arctic __knowledge__ The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Alaska (United States), Northern Canada (Canada), Finland, Greenland (Denmark), Iceland, Norway, Russia and Sweden.", "Arctic __knowledge__ Land within the Arctic region has seasonally varying snow and ice cover, with predominantly treeless permafrost-containing tundra.", "Arctic __knowledge__ Arctic seas contain seasonal sea ice in many places.", "Arctic __knowledge__ The Arctic region is a unique area among Earth's ecosystems.", "Arctic __knowledge__ For example, the cultures in the region and the Arctic indigenous peoples have adapted to its cold and extreme conditions.", "Arctic ecology __knowledge__ Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66 33’).", "Arctic ecology __knowledge__ This is a region characterized by stressful conditions as a result of extreme cold, low precipitation, a limited growing season (50–90 days) and virtually no sunlight throughout the winter.", "Arctic ecology __knowledge__ The Arctic consists of taiga (or boreal forest) and tundra biomes, which also dominate very high elevations, even in the tropics.", "Arctic ecology __knowledge__ Sensitive ecosystems exist throughout the Arctic region, which are being impacted dramatically by global warming.", "Arctic ecology __knowledge__ The earliest inhabitants of the Arctic were the Neanderthals.", "Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency __knowledge__ The Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency (CanNor) is a policy initiative announced by Prime Minister Stephen Harper of the Federal Conservative Party in August 2009.", "Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency __knowledge__ The purpose of the agency is to promote economic development and prosperity while protecting national sovereignty in Northern Canada.", "Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency __knowledge__ CanNor is situated in Iqualuit, Nunavut.", "Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency __knowledge__ By centralizing this economic program in the Northern region of Canada, the Federal Government believes that it will contribute to increased participation by local communities and government in federal policy.", "Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency __knowledge__ From this, CanNor is also responsible for the Northern Projects Management Office (NPMO), which serves as a review board for economic developments in Northern Canada.", "Arctic cooperation and politics __knowledge__ Arctic cooperation and politics are partially coordinated via the Arctic Council, composed of the eight Arctic nations: the United States of America, Canada, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, and Denmark with Greenland and the Faroe Islands.", "Arctic cooperation and politics __knowledge__ The dominant governmental power in Arctic policy resides within the executive offices, legislative bodies, and implementing agencies of the eight Arctic nations, and to a lesser extent other nations, such as United Kingdom, Germany, European Union and China.", "Arctic cooperation and politics __knowledge__ NGOs and Academia play a large part in Arctic policy.", "Arctic cooperation and politics __knowledge__ Also important are intergovernmental bodies such as the United Nations (especially as relates to the Law of the Sea Treaty) and NATO." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz are a type of dog characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The tail often curls over the dog's back or droops.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The exact origins of spitz dogs are not known, though most of the spitz seen today originate from the Arctic region or Siberia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The type was described as \"Canis pomeranus\" by Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revision of \"Systema Naturae\" in 1788 (printed in English in 1792).", "Spitz __knowledge__ Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that spitz dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European spitz, such as the German Spitz.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Many spitz also migrated into Siberia and Mongolia.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Manchuria.", "Spitz __knowledge__ These Asian spitz are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu.", "Spitz __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, spitz have been developed to help humans in three ways: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds.", "Spitz __knowledge__ The larger and more powerful breeds—such as the Akita Inu, Karelian Bear Dog, Norwegian Elkhound, and Swedish Elkhound—are used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and brown bears.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs may include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance.", "Dog type __knowledge__ In contrast, modern \"dog breeds\" are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dog types include ancestral forms (or \"landraces\") that arose undocumented over a long time.", "Dog type __knowledge__ A \"dog type\" can be referred to broadly, as in gun dog, or more specifically, as in spaniel.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dogs raised and trained for a specific working ability rather than appearance may not closely resemble other dogs doing the same work, or any of the dogs of the analogous breed group of purebred dogs.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ The is a small to medium breed of dog of the Spitz type.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ The Japanese Spitz is a companion dog and pet.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ There are varying standards around the world as to the ideal size of the breed, but they are always larger than their smaller cousins, the Pomeranian.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ They were developed in Japan in the 1920s and 1930s by breeding a number of other Spitz type dog breeds together.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ They are recognized by the vast majority of the major kennel clubs, except the American Kennel Club due to it being similar appearance to the white Pomeranian dog, American Eskimo Dog and Samoyed Dog.", "Japanese Spitz __knowledge__ While they are a relatively new breed, they are becoming widely popular due to their favorable temperament and other features.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ The Danish Spitz is a dog breed, originating from Denmark.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ The breed is known for making a good family pet, particularly as they are patient with children.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ They were once known as the nanny dog, and were used on farms around the country as the children's dog – although they were initially a companion of the upper class.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ Throughout time they've been known under various names, including Samoyed Spitz, Wolf Spitz, Greenland Spitz and White Spitz, which made it difficult to keep track of the breed and the breeding.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ Today the breed is known as the Danish Spitz.", "Danish Spitz __knowledge__ From January 1, 2013 it was made possible to register dogs of the breed in DKK – the Kennel club in Denmark, registered under the Fédération Cynologique Internationale.", "American Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ The American Eskimo Dog is a breed of companion dog, originating in Germany.", "American Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ The American Eskimo is a member of the Spitz family.", "American Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ The breed's progenitors were German Spitz, but due to anti-German prejudice during the First World War, it was renamed \"American Eskimo Dog\".", "American Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ Although modern American Eskimos have been exported as German Spitz Gross (or Mittel, depending on the dog's height), the breeds have diverged and the standards are significantly different.", "American Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ In addition to serving as a watchdog and companion, the American Eskimo Dog also achieved a high degree of popularity in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s as a circus performer.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 ]

[ "Yeah! My friend has one. They have a long thick coat, white and pointy ears. Do you know anyone that has one?", "Fun! Do their tails curl up over their backs or do they droop down? There are a few varieties. ", "Cool, I once visited the Arctic region where they are very common. They are said to originate from there.", "They have found remains of Spitz dogs in Central Europe that date back to 2000 years ago! That's an old dog breed!", "Really? That's pretty awesome. Some of the dogs migrated to Siberia as well as Mongolia. They can be found all over now!" ]

[ "Spitz", "Spitz", "Spitz", "Spitz", "Spitz" ]

[ "Sleeve tattoo", "How long does it take to get a half-sleeve done?", "How painful is it? I have never gotten one.", "Do the colors in the tattoo fade over time? I seem to always see people with faded and dull tattoos." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo (or tattoo sleeve) is a large tattoo, or a collection of smaller tattoos, that has a unified theme, that covers most or all of a person's arm, usually from shoulder to wrist.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ There is a difference between an arm covered in tattoos and a sleeve tattoo.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo has a unified theme, whereas an arm covered in tattoos may have many tattoos of different styles that does not have an overall unity.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term \"sleeve\" is a reference to the tattoo's size similarity in coverage to a long shirt sleeve on an article of clothing.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ In this manner, the term is also used as a verb; for example, \"getting sleeved\" means to have one's entire arm tattooed.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term is also sometimes used in reference to a large leg tattoo that covers a person's leg in a similar manner.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Half-sleeves or quarter-sleeves are tattoos that cover only part of an arm, usually above the elbow, but can also be found below the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve implies complete tattoo coverage of a particular area, so a half sleeve is a tattoo that covers the entire upper or lower arm.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A \"quarter sleeve\" usually covers the area of skin from the shoulder midway to the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Sleeve tattoos are a collaboration between a tattoo artist and customer to demonstrate a personal and unified artistic theme." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo (or tattoo sleeve) is a large tattoo, or a collection of smaller tattoos, that has a unified theme, that covers most or all of a person's arm, usually from shoulder to wrist.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ There is a difference between an arm covered in tattoos and a sleeve tattoo.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo has a unified theme, whereas an arm covered in tattoos may have many tattoos of different styles that does not have an overall unity.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term \"sleeve\" is a reference to the tattoo's size similarity in coverage to a long shirt sleeve on an article of clothing.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ In this manner, the term is also used as a verb; for example, \"getting sleeved\" means to have one's entire arm tattooed.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term is also sometimes used in reference to a large leg tattoo that covers a person's leg in a similar manner.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Half-sleeves or quarter-sleeves are tattoos that cover only part of an arm, usually above the elbow, but can also be found below the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve implies complete tattoo coverage of a particular area, so a half sleeve is a tattoo that covers the entire upper or lower arm.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A \"quarter sleeve\" usually covers the area of skin from the shoulder midway to the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Sleeve tattoos are a collaboration between a tattoo artist and customer to demonstrate a personal and unified artistic theme.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ Nickelson Wooster (born July 2, 1960) has worked with Barneys New York, Bergdorf Goodman and Neiman Marcus chain stores, as well as Calvin Klein, Polo Ralph Lauren and Thom Browne on the street style aspect of their brands.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ Nick Wooster was born in Salina, Kansas on July 2, 1960.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ At 16, he began working at a local clothing store Joseph P. Roth and Sons.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ He entered the University of Kansas in 1978, where he studied journalism and advertising.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ After graduation in 1982, Wooster moved to New York City, where he took the job at the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi.", "Nick Wooster __knowledge__ Later he became assistant department manager at the Saks Fifth Avenue store chain, and in 1984-1985 he worked as account executive at the New York Magazine.", "Ekatarina Velika __knowledge__ Ekatarina Velika (, ), sometimes referred to as EKV for short, was a Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band from Belgrade, being one of the most successful and influential music acts coming out of former Yugoslavia.", "Ekatarina Velika __knowledge__ Initially called Katarina II (, ), the band had built up a devoted following that greatly intensified and expanded after the death of its frontman Milan Mladenović in 1994, which caused the band to dissolve.", "Ekatarina Velika __knowledge__ The group's core consisted of singer and guitarist Milan Mladenović, keyboardist Margita Stefanović and bassist Bojan Pečar, with other members mostly remaining for comparatively shorter periods.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the usual poppet valve.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ Sleeve valve engines saw use in a number of pre-World War II luxury cars and in the United States in the Willys-Knight car and light truck.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ They subsequently fell from use due to advances in poppet-valve technology, including sodium cooling, and the Knight system double sleeve engine's tendency to burn a lot of lubricating oil or to seize due to lack of it.", "Sleeve valve __knowledge__ The Scottish Argyll company used its own, much simpler and more efficient, single sleeve system (Burt-McCollum) in its cars, a system which, after extensive development, saw substantial use in British aircraft engines of the 1940s, such as the Napier Sabre, Bristol Hercules, Centaurus, and the promising but never mass-produced Rolls-Royce Crecy, only to be supplanted by the jet engines.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The New York Mets, founded in 1962, returned National League baseball to New York following the departure of the Brooklyn Dodgers to Los Angeles and the New York Giants to San Francisco.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The Mets' uniform was designed to incorporate elements of both departed clubs, with the Dodgers' royal blue becoming the Mets' primary color and the Giants' orange the trim color, along with the Giants' \"NY\" crest adopted as the new team's cap logo.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The original Mets uniform had a \"clean and classic\" look that, while it has undergone a number of changes over the course of the team's history, has never been substantially revised.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ A micrometer ( ), sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device incorporating a calibrated screw widely used for precise measurement of components in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, along with other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ Micrometers are usually, but not always, in the form of calipers (opposing ends joined by a frame).", "Micrometer __knowledge__ The spindle is a very accurately machined screw and the object to be measured is placed between the spindle and the anvil.", "Micrometer __knowledge__ The spindle is moved by turning the ratchet knob or thimble until the object to be measured is lightly touched by both the spindle and the anvil.", "Bariatric surgery __knowledge__ Bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) includes a variety of procedures performed on people who have obesity.", "Bariatric surgery __knowledge__ Weight loss is achieved by reducing the size of the stomach with a gastric band or through removal of a portion of the stomach (sleeve gastrectomy or biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch) or by resecting and re-routing the small intestine to a small stomach pouch (gastric bypass surgery).", "Bariatric surgery __knowledge__ Long-term studies show the procedures cause significant long-term loss of weight, recovery from diabetes, improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, and a mortality reduction from 40% to 23%.", "Anthropometry of the upper arm __knowledge__ The anthropometry of the upper arm is a set of measurements of the shape of the upper arms.", "Anthropometry of the upper arm __knowledge__ The principal anthropometry measures are the upper arm length, the triceps skin fold (TSF), and the (mid-)upper arm circumference ((M)UAC).", "Anthropometry of the upper arm __knowledge__ The derived measures include the (mid-)upper arm muscle area ((M)UAMA), the (mid-)upper arm fat area ((M)UAFA), and the arm fat index.", "Anthropometry of the upper arm __knowledge__ Although they are not directly convertible into measures of overall body fat weight and density, and research has questioned the connection between skinfold fat and deep body fat measurements, these measures are and have been used as rough indicators of body fat.", "Balanced-arm lamp __knowledge__ A balanced-arm lamp, sometimes called a floating arm lamp, is a lamp with an adjustable folding arm which is constructed so that the force due to gravity is always counteracted by springs, regardless of the position of the arms of the lamp.", "Balanced-arm lamp __knowledge__ Many lamp brands (such as the Anglepoise, originator of the concept, and Luxo L-1) as well as other devices, such as drawing boards, use this principle.", "Balanced-arm lamp __knowledge__ A balanced-arm lamp has a base, two connected arms fitted with springs, and a lamp-head.", "Balanced-arm lamp __knowledge__ The lamp can be moved into any position, and the springs will maintain the position until moved again.", "Balanced-arm lamp __knowledge__ The same mechanism can be employed in other devices with similar requirements, such as copy holders for typists and some computer display holders.", "Prosthesis __knowledge__ In medicine, a prosthesis (plural: prostheses; from Ancient Greek \"prosthesis\", \"addition, application, attachment\") is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trauma, disease, or congenital conditions.", "Prosthesis __knowledge__ Prosthetics are intended to restore the normal functions of the missing body part.", "Prosthesis __knowledge__ Prosthetic amputee rehabilitation is primarily coordinated by a prosthetist and an inter-disciplinary team of health care professionals including psychiatrists, surgeons, physical therapists, and occupational therapists.", "Prosthesis __knowledge__ Prosthetics are commonly created with CAD (Computer-Aided Design), a software interface that helps creators visualize the creation in a 3D form.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "Star Trek uniforms __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" uniforms are worn by crew members in the \"Star Trek\" science fiction franchise.", "Star Trek uniforms __knowledge__ While the \"Star Trek\" television series and motion pictures feature various costumes, those worn by actors portraying enlisted personnel and officers from the fictitious organization Starfleet are the ones most closely associated with \"Star Trek\" costuming.", "Star Trek uniforms __knowledge__ Though design varied among the successive costume designers, the uniforms' costumes and insignia remained consistent within any one series or film.", "Star Trek uniforms __knowledge__ Costumes were re-designed to improve appearance when filmed and to improve the comfort for actors.", "Star Trek uniforms __knowledge__ Deliberately mixing styles of uniforms from the various series was occasionally used to enhance the sense of time travel or alternative universes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo (or tattoo sleeve) is a large tattoo, or a collection of smaller tattoos, that has a unified theme, that covers most or all of a person's arm, usually from shoulder to wrist.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ There is a difference between an arm covered in tattoos and a sleeve tattoo.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo has a unified theme, whereas an arm covered in tattoos may have many tattoos of different styles that does not have an overall unity.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term \"sleeve\" is a reference to the tattoo's size similarity in coverage to a long shirt sleeve on an article of clothing.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ In this manner, the term is also used as a verb; for example, \"getting sleeved\" means to have one's entire arm tattooed.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term is also sometimes used in reference to a large leg tattoo that covers a person's leg in a similar manner.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Half-sleeves or quarter-sleeves are tattoos that cover only part of an arm, usually above the elbow, but can also be found below the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve implies complete tattoo coverage of a particular area, so a half sleeve is a tattoo that covers the entire upper or lower arm.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A \"quarter sleeve\" usually covers the area of skin from the shoulder midway to the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Sleeve tattoos are a collaboration between a tattoo artist and customer to demonstrate a personal and unified artistic theme.", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ The Best of Elmo is a 1994 \"Sesame Street\" video originally released on VHS as part of the \"My Sesame Street Home Video\" series.", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ In this video, Elmo prepares for the \"Monster Art Show\", but he must choose only one of his drawings.", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ He shows the drawings to his friends, who all like his drawings so much that he gives them the drawings.", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ Will he have any left to enter?", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ It all begins as Maria leaves the Fix-It Shop carrying a large board of wood, Elmo walks by and accidentally bumps into her, dropping a bunch of pictures from his hands.", "The Best of Elmo __knowledge__ After Maria helps pick them up, Elmo reveals that he's bringing them to the Monster Art Show, and wants his friends to help decide what picture is best.", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ Malcolm Timothy Gladwell (born September 3, 1963) is an English-born Canadian journalist, author, and speaker.", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ He has been a staff writer for \"The New Yorker\" since 1996.", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ He has written five books, \"\" (2000), \"\" (2005), \"\" (2008), \"\" (2009), a collection of his journalism, and \"\" (2013).", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ All five books were on \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list.", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ He is also the host of the podcast \"Revisionist History\".", "Malcolm Gladwell __knowledge__ Gladwell's books and articles often deal with the unexpected implications of research in the social sciences and make frequent and extended use of academic work, particularly in the areas of sociology, psychology, and social psychology.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list is the list of characters from the Global TV police drama series \"Rookie Blue\".", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ Andrea \"Andy\" McNally is one of the series protagonists.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ She is driven by the desire to do the right thing even if it means not following procedure.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ Her father, Tommy McNally, was formerly a homicide detective before he burned out.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ As a result, McNally carries her father's baggage, trying to prove herself.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ Her mother, Claire, is a social services worker who abandoned them when Andy was a teenager.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ She studied Sociology/Psychology before becoming a cop and she was an A student.", "List of Rookie Blue characters __knowledge__ McNally was assigned to Oliver Shaw, who was mentored by her father when he was a rookie.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ Billie Jean King (\"née\" Moffitt; born November 22, 1943) is an American former World No.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ 1 professional tennis player.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won 39 Grand Slam titles: 12 in singles, 16 in women's doubles, and 11 in mixed doubles.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won a record 20 championship titles at Wimbledon.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King won the singles title at the inaugural WTA Tour Championships.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King often represented the United States in the Federation Cup and the Wightman Cup.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ She was a member of the victorious United States team in seven Federation Cups and nine Wightman Cups.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ For three years, King was the United States' captain in the Federation Cup.", "Billie Jean King __knowledge__ King is an advocate for gender equality and has long been a pioneer for equality and social justice.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson, M.S.W.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ (born in 1971) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series, \"The Office\".", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the show's writer, director, producer and showrunner Paul Lieberstein, and is an original character with no equivalent in The Office (UK TV series).", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson is the human resources representative for the Scranton branch of paper distributor Dunder Mifflin/Sabre.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Mild-mannered to the point of being physically incapable to voice his opinions or assert himself, Toby can be somewhat mournful about his life choices (he fell into the field of Human Resources after leaving his training at seminary in order to pursue the woman he'd later marry and painfully divorce).", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented Pennsylvania State University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The team was coached by Bill O'Brien and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ They were a member of the Big Ten Conference and its Leaders Division.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Penn State was ineligible to play in a bowl game for the 2013 season, the second season of a four-year ban, due to NCAA sanctions imposed in the wake of the Penn State child sex abuse scandal.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Before the season, Penn State had an open competition to win the starting quarterback position; true freshman Christian Hackenberg won and started all 12 games for the Nittany Lions.", "José Sarria __knowledge__ José Julio Sarria also known as The Grand Mere, Absolute Empress I de San Francisco, and the Widow Norton (December 13, 1922 – August 19, 2013) was an American political activist from San Francisco, California, who in 1961 became the first openly gay candidate for public office in the United States.", "José Sarria __knowledge__ He is also remembered for performing as a drag queen at the Black Cat Bar and as the founder of the Imperial Court System.", "José Sarria __knowledge__ Jose Sarria was born to Julio Sarria and Maria Dolores Maldonado.", "José Sarria __knowledge__ His parents did not marry and his father showed no interest in his son's life.", "José Sarria __knowledge__ Maria initially raised José Julio Sarria on her own, but when this became too difficult she placed him with another couple.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ The process of tattooing involves the insertion of pigment into the skin's dermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Traditionally, tattooing often involved rubbing pigment into cuts.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Modern tattooing almost always requires the use of a tattoo machine and often procedures and accessories to reduce the risk to human health.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing involves the placement of pigment into the skin's dermis, the layer of dermal tissue underlying the epidermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ After initial injection, pigment is dispersed throughout a homogenized damaged layer down through the epidermis and upper dermis, in both of which the presence of foreign material activates the immune system's phagocytes to engulf the pigment particles.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ Vyvyn Lazonga is a tattoo artist who began her career in Seattle in the early 1970s and was trained by Danny Danzl.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ She was the first woman to work for herself in the industry, not her husband or another male shop owner.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ She worked in San Francisco and was tattooed by Ed Hardy in the 70's.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ She won the award for Best Tattooed Female in 1978 for his work.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ Later she was fortunate enough to meet Horiyoshi II at one of Lyle Tuttle's parties before returning in 1989 to open her studio in Seattle.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ She has advocated the use of tattoos to cover mastectomy scars as an aid to recovery.", "Vyvyn Lazonga __knowledge__ When she began tattooing, there were very few women who had tattoos, not to mention who were working as tattoo artists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo (or tattoo sleeve) is a large tattoo, or a collection of smaller tattoos, that has a unified theme, that covers most or all of a person's arm, usually from shoulder to wrist.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ There is a difference between an arm covered in tattoos and a sleeve tattoo.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve tattoo has a unified theme, whereas an arm covered in tattoos may have many tattoos of different styles that does not have an overall unity.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term \"sleeve\" is a reference to the tattoo's size similarity in coverage to a long shirt sleeve on an article of clothing.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ In this manner, the term is also used as a verb; for example, \"getting sleeved\" means to have one's entire arm tattooed.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ The term is also sometimes used in reference to a large leg tattoo that covers a person's leg in a similar manner.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Half-sleeves or quarter-sleeves are tattoos that cover only part of an arm, usually above the elbow, but can also be found below the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A sleeve implies complete tattoo coverage of a particular area, so a half sleeve is a tattoo that covers the entire upper or lower arm.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ A \"quarter sleeve\" usually covers the area of skin from the shoulder midway to the elbow.", "Sleeve tattoo __knowledge__ Sleeve tattoos are a collaboration between a tattoo artist and customer to demonstrate a personal and unified artistic theme.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ A tattoo is a form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos fall into three broad categories: purely decorative (with no specific meaning); symbolic (with a specific meaning pertinent to the wearer); pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item).", "Tattoo __knowledge__ Tattoos have historically been regarded in the West as 'uncivilised', and over the last 100 years the fashion has been associated mainly with sailors, working men and criminals.", "Tattoo __knowledge__ By the end of the 20th Century many Western stigmas of the tattoo culture had been dismissed and the practice has become more acceptable and accessible for people of all trades and levels of society.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools since the start of tattooing.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ While tattoos were once considered permanent, it is now possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Before the development of laser tattoo removal methods, common techniques included dermabrasion, TCA (Trichloroacetic acid, an acid that removes the top layers of skin, reaching as deep as the layer in which the tattoo ink resides), salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery and excision which is sometimes still used along with skin grafts for larger tattoos.", "Tattoo removal __knowledge__ Some early forms of tattoo removal included the injection or application of wine, lime, garlic or pigeon excrement.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing has been practiced across the globe since at least Neolithic times, as evidenced by mummified preserved skin, ancient art, and the archaeological record.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Both ancient art and archaeological finds of possible tattoo tools suggest tattooing was practiced by the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ However, direct evidence for tattooing on mummified human skin extends only to the 4th millennium BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ The oldest discovery of tattooed human skin to date is found on the body of Ötzi the Iceman, dating to between 3370 and 3100 BC.", "History of tattooing __knowledge__ Other tattooed mummies have been recovered from at least 49 archaeological sites including locations in Greenland, Alaska, Siberia, Mongolia, western China, Egypt, Sudan, the Philippines, and the Andes.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season of the tattoo reality competition \"Ink Master\" (subtitled as \"Ink Master: Master vs. Apprentice\") premiered on Spike on June 23 and concluded on October 13, 2015 with a total of 16 episodes.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The season was announced on December 1, 2014 and premiered on June 23, 2015.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The premise of this season is to feature mentors and their apprentices as they compete against each other in an elimination-style competition with a $100,000 grand prize.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The judges for season six were Chris Núñez, Oliver Peck, and Dave Navarro who also serves as host of the show.", "Ink Master (season 6) __knowledge__ The guest judges this season include Richard Stell (episode 2), Avan Jogia (episode 4), Mike Rubendall (episode 6), Justin Weatherholtz (episode 9) and Rose Hardy (episode 10) and Carter Foster (episode 11).", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Tattooed ladies were working class women who acquired tattoos and performed in circuses, sideshows, and dime show museums as means for earning a substantial living.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ At the height of their popularity during the turn of the 20th century, tattooed ladies transgressed Victorian gender norms by showcasing their bodies in scantily clad clothing and earned a salary considerably larger their male counterparts.Tattooed ladies often used captivity narratives as a means for excusing their appearance, and to tantalize the audience.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ The popularity of tattooed ladies waned with the onset of television.", "Tattooed Lady __knowledge__ Thirty years before tattooed women exploded on the sideshow and dime museum circuit scene, a young, white woman made national headlines with her unusual appearance and frightening story.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is a traditional style of Japanese tattooing, as well as certain modern forms derived from it.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi is done by hand, using wooden handles and metal needles attached via silk thread.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ This method also requires special ink called nara ink.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ It is a painful and time consuming process, done by a limited number of specialists.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ The tattoo artist is called a Horishi, and usually has one or more apprentices working for him for a long period of time.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ They often become a part of the horishis tattoo family.", "Irezumi __knowledge__ Irezumi was initially associated with firemen, who wore them as a form of spiritual protection.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ The process of tattooing involves the insertion of pigment into the skin's dermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Traditionally, tattooing often involved rubbing pigment into cuts.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Modern tattooing almost always requires the use of a tattoo machine and often procedures and accessories to reduce the risk to human health.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ Tattooing involves the placement of pigment into the skin's dermis, the layer of dermal tissue underlying the epidermis.", "Process of tattooing __knowledge__ After initial injection, pigment is dispersed throughout a homogenized damaged layer down through the epidermis and upper dermis, in both of which the presence of foreign material activates the immune system's phagocytes to engulf the pigment particles.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Hand knitting is a form of knitting, in which the knitted fabric is produced by hand using needles.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting uses two straight needles to make generally two-dimensional (flat) pieces.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting is usually used to knit flat pieces like scarves, blankets, afghans, and the backs, fronts and arms of sweaters (pullovers).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ In flat knitting, generally stockinette stitch, the hand-knitter knits from right-to-left on one side of the fabric, turns the work (over), and then purls right-to-left back to the starting position.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Usually the smooth side of the fabric is considered the \"right side\", the one facing outwards for viewing; and the side that faces inwards, towards the body, the ridged side, is known as the \"wrong side\".", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Pigment __knowledge__ A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.", "Pigment __knowledge__ This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light.", "Pigment __knowledge__ Many materials selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light.", "Pigment __knowledge__ Materials that humans have chosen and developed for use as pigments usually have special properties that make them ideal for coloring other materials.", "Pigment __knowledge__ A pigment must have a high tinting strength relative to the materials it colors.", "Pigment __knowledge__ It must be stable in solid form at ambient temperatures.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide." ] ]

[ 7, 2, 60, 44 ]

[ "I have a couple of tattoos, but I'd like a partial sleeve. Maybe a half-sleeve or quarter-sleeve on my upper arm. ", "Well, there's a difference between an arm covered in tattoos and a sleeve tattoo. A sleeve has a unified theme and may take many sessions to complete. ", "Certain parts of the arm hurt more than others, the inner arm and elbow areas for instance. The pain comes from using needles to insert dyes and pigments into the skin. ", "They do, especially with sun exposure. After the initial injection, the pigment disperses down through the dermis layer of the skin to become permanent. " ]

[ "Sleeve tattoo", "Sleeve tattoo", "Sleeve tattoo", "Sleeve tattoo" ]

[ "Homeschooling\nWhy Hello there! Out of curiosity have you ever been homeschooled? ", "I have not however I've always been interested. The teacher to student ratio seems so beneficial for developing minds", "Yes I agree if the parents have the time it would be great. It's also a potential saver of money on a per student basis due to not having to fund building and classroom environments to house many children at once", "That is a skill that children would need to learn outside of the school environment if homeschooled. Could you potentially foster that same social interaction through after school activities such as sports/band? ", "True but who is to say that the factors of anxiety and other mental/social issues wouldn't arise from a particular student regardless of environment. A genetic disposition if you will " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ According to the US National Center for Education Statistics, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in 2011-2012 school year.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ The study found that 83 percent were White, 5 percent were Black, 7 percent were Hispanic, and 2 percent were Asian or Pacific Islander.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are about 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ On average, homeschoolers score at or above the national average on standardized tests.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Homeschooling in the United States constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students (approximately 2 million students).", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ But, the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ United States Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, as long as states set standards.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Originally homeschooling in the United States was practiced mainly underground or in rural areas.", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory is a timeline of the Mars Science Laboratory mission and its rover, \"Curiosity\".", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ As of 09, 2018, \"Curiosity\" has been on the planet Mars for sols ( total days; ) since landing on August 6, 2012.", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ \"(See Current status.)\"", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ In April 2004, the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) called for scientific experiments and instruments proposals for the Mars Science Laboratory and rover mission.", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ Launch was proposed for September 2009.", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ By December 14, 2004, eight proposals were selected, including instruments from Russia and Spain.", "Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory __knowledge__ Testing of components also began in late 2004, including Aerojet's monopropellant engine with the ability to throttle from 15–100 percent thrust with a fixed propellant inlet pressure.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is legal in many countries.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Countries with the most prevalent home education movements include Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Some countries have highly regulated home education programs as an extension of the compulsory school system; others, such as Germany, have outlawed it entirely.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ In other countries, while not restricted by law, homeschooling is not socially acceptable or considered undesirable and is virtually non-existent.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is currently permitted in Kenya.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ The freedom of homeschooling is however under threat in Kenya, because a new education law has been proposed that does not make any allowance for homeschooling.", "Curiosity __knowledge__ Curiosity (from Latin \"cūriōsitās\", from \"cūriōsus\" \"careful, diligent, curious\", akin to \"cura\" \"care\") is a quality related to inquisitive thinking such as exploration, investigation, and learning, evident by observation in humans and other animals.", "Curiosity __knowledge__ Curiosity is heavily associated with all aspects of human development, in which derives the process of learning and desire to acquire knowledge and skill.", "Curiosity __knowledge__ The term \"curiosity\" can also be used to denote the behavior or emotion of being curious, in regard to the desire to gain knowledge or information.", "Curiosity __knowledge__ Curiosity as a behavior and emotion is attributed over millennia as the driving force behind not only human development, but developments in science, language, and industry.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ According to the US National Center for Education Statistics, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in 2011-2012 school year.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ The study found that 83 percent were White, 5 percent were Black, 7 percent were Hispanic, and 2 percent were Asian or Pacific Islander.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are about 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ On average, homeschoolers score at or above the national average on standardized tests.", "Developing Minds Software __knowledge__ Developing Minds Software is a Denver-based company that produces software to assist families, non-profits and education institutions that serve developmentally disabled children.", "Developing Minds Software __knowledge__ Developing Minds Software flagship product is DDtrac, which allows practitioners to systematically collect data, assess student progress, and adapt student programs to changing needs.", "Developing Minds Software __knowledge__ In June 2008 Developing Minds Software won first place in the University of Colorado Denver Bard Center for Entrepreneurship's seventh Annual Business Plan Competition, and an accompanying ten thousand dollar prize.", "Developing Minds Software __knowledge__ In 2007 Developing Minds Software won the University of Colorado Denver \"Chancellor's Award for Excellence for Outstanding Entrepreneurial Activity\" during the 10th Annual Research and Creative Activities Symposium.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or as a solution injected into a vein.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ High doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Effects begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding during nasal surgery.", "Coca __knowledge__ Coca is any of the four cultivated plants in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America.", "Coca __knowledge__ The plant is grown as a cash crop in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, even in areas where its cultivation is unlawful.", "Coca __knowledge__ There are some reports that the plant is being cultivated in the south of Mexico as a cash crop and an alternative to smuggling its recreational product cocaine.", "Coca __knowledge__ It also plays a role in many traditional Andean cultures as well as the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (see Traditional uses).", "Coca __knowledge__ Coca is known throughout the world for its psychoactive alkaloid, cocaine.", "School counselor __knowledge__ A school counselor is a and an educator who works in primary (elementary and middle) schools and/or secondary schools to provide academic, career, college access/affordability/admission, and social-emotional competencies to all students through a school counseling program.", "School counselor __knowledge__ School counselors in most countries have at least a master's degree in school counseling and state and/or national certification.", "School counselor __knowledge__ The four main school counseling program interventions include school counseling curriculum classroom lessons and annual academic, career/college access/affordability/admission, and social-emotional planning for every student; and group and individual counseling for some students.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ The figure on the right illustrates the geometric relationship.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ Expressed algebraically, for quantities \"a\" and \"b\" with \"a\" > \"b\" > 0, where the Greek letter phi (formula_2 or formula_3) represents the golden ratio.", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ It is an irrational number with a value of: The golden ratio is also called the golden mean or golden section (Latin: \"sectio aurea\").", "Golden ratio __knowledge__ Other names include extreme and mean ratio, medial section, divine proportion, divine section (Latin: \"sectio divina\"), golden proportion, golden cut, and golden number.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ Harrison School District No.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ 1 is a public school district in Boone County, Arkansas, United States which serves the city of Harrison along with other unincorporated areas within the county.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ The Harrison School District serves one large contiguous area and a smaller non-contiguous area in the southeast portion of the county.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ Harrison Senior High School serves ninth through twelfth grades throughout the Harrison School District.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ Based on the 2009-2010 academic year, the total enrollment in the school was 598 and total full-time teachers was 48.40, with a teacher/student ratio of 12.36.", "Harrison School District (Arkansas) __knowledge__ Harrison Middle School serves fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth grades throughout the Harrison School District.", "Korea International School Jeju __knowledge__ Korea International School, Jeju Campus (KISJ) is South Korea's first public-private international boarding school.", "Korea International School Jeju __knowledge__ The school is a sister campus to Korea International School and an affiliate of YBM, a pioneering publishing and English-language education services company.", "Korea International School Jeju __knowledge__ Founded in 2010 and first opened in 2011 as part of the Jeju Global Education City, the school's first senior class of 52 students matriculated in May 2016.", "Korea International School Jeju __knowledge__ KISJ is a proprietary, nonsectarian school offering an internationalized American college preparatory curriculum from Junior Kindergarten through Grade 12, with a boarding program starting in Grade 4.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Homeschooling in the United States constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students (approximately 2 million students).", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ But, the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ United States Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, as long as states set standards.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Originally homeschooling in the United States was practiced mainly underground or in rural areas.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is legal in many countries.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Countries with the most prevalent home education movements include Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Some countries have highly regulated home education programs as an extension of the compulsory school system; others, such as Germany, have outlawed it entirely.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ In other countries, while not restricted by law, homeschooling is not socially acceptable or considered undesirable and is virtually non-existent.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is currently permitted in Kenya.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ The freedom of homeschooling is however under threat in Kenya, because a new education law has been proposed that does not make any allowance for homeschooling.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ The State College Area School District (SCASD) is a large, suburban/rural public school district based in State College, Pennsylvania that serves students and includes public schools in the Borough of State College, Pennsylvania, and the surrounding townships of College, Ferguson, Halfmoon, Harris, and Patton.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ State College Area School District encompasses approximately .", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2008 local census data, the district served a resident population of 86,106.", "State College Area School District __knowledge__ Per District officials, the State College Area School District provided basic educational services to 6,750 pupils as of June 2016 (down from 7,096 pupils in 2010).", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ Millville Area School District is a small, rural, public school district in Columbia County, Pennsylvania.", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ It is centered in the borough of Millville and also serves the townships of Pine, Greenwood, and Madison.", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ Millville Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 5,500.", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population rose to 5,563 people.", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Millville Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 87% high school graduates and 19.6% college graduates.", "Millville Area School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 38.8% of the district's pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Bloomsburg Area School District is a small, suburban/rural public school district.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The District is one of the 500 school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Bloomsburg Area School District serves the Town of Bloomsburg and Beaver Township, Hemlock Township, Main Township and Montour Township in Columbia County, Pennsylvania.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The District encompasses approximately .", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 17,860.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population increased to 20,654 people.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the District's population (25 years old and over) were 91.5% high school graduates and 26.4% college graduates.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ Monessen City School District is a tiny, urban, public school district operating in southwestern Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ It serves the city of Monessen, Pennsylvania.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ The School District of the City of Monessen encompasses approximately .", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 8,670.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ In 2010, the population of the District had decline to 7,717 people.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the District residents’ per capita income was $16,627, while the median family income was $37,269.", "Monessen City School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ According to the US National Center for Education Statistics, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in 2011-2012 school year.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ The study found that 83 percent were White, 5 percent were Black, 7 percent were Hispanic, and 2 percent were Asian or Pacific Islander.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are about 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ On average, homeschoolers score at or above the national average on standardized tests.", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) \"(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities.\"", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ Shamokin Area School District is a small, rural public school district located in Coal Township, Pennsylvania, US.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The Shamokin Area School District community consists of the city of Shamokin and the townships of Coal, East Cameron and Shamokin.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ It is located at the southern end of the anthracite coal region in Northumberland County in central Pennsylvania with a population of approximately 21,000.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ According to the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 20,876 people.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shamokin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 9.3% college graduates.", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The Wilkinsburg School District is a small, urban public school district serving the mostly African American community and Pittsburgh suburb of Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 19,196.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 15,933 people.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Wilkinsburg Borough School District population (25 years old and over) were 90% high school graduates and 28.5% college graduates.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 80% of the district’s pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012.", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ The Sayre Area School District is a small, rural public school district located in northcentral Bradford County, Pennsylvania.", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ The district serves two noncontiguous fragments: the Boroughs of Sayre and South Waverly and Litchfield Township in Bradford County, Pennsylvania.", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ Sayre Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 5,813 people.", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 7,938 people.", "Sayre Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Sayre Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 87.3% high school graduates and 21.4% college graduates.", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ The Blue Ridge School District is a small, rural, public school district located in Susquehanna County in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ It serves the Boroughs of Great Bend, Hallstead and New Milford and Great Bend Township, Jackson Township and New Milford Township.", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ According to the 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 7,331.", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 7,730 people.", "Blue Ridge School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Blue Ridge School District population (25 years old and over) were 89.6% high school graduates and 13.5% college graduates.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Homeschooling in the United States constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students (approximately 2 million students).", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ But, the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ United States Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, as long as states set standards.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Originally homeschooling in the United States was practiced mainly underground or in rural areas.", "Standardized test __knowledge__ A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or \"standard\", manner.", "Standardized test __knowledge__ Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions, conditions for administering, scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner.", "Standardized test __knowledge__ Any test in which the same test is given in the same manner to all test takers, and graded in the same manner for everyone, is a standardized test.", "Standardized test __knowledge__ Standardized tests do not need to be high-stakes tests, time-limited tests, or multiple-choice tests.", "Standardized test __knowledge__ The questions can be simple or complex.", "Test (assessment) __knowledge__ A test or examination (informally, exam or evaluation) is an assessment intended to measure a test-taker's knowledge, skill, aptitude, physical fitness, or classification in many other topics (e.g., beliefs).", "Test (assessment) __knowledge__ A test may be administered verbally, on paper, on a computer, or in a confined area that requires a test taker to physically perform a set of skills.", "Test (assessment) __knowledge__ Tests vary in style, rigor and requirements.", "Test (assessment) __knowledge__ For example, in a closed book test, a test taker is often required to rely upon memory to respond to specific items whereas in an open book test, a test taker may use one or more supplementary tools such as a reference book or calculator when responding to an item.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The achievement gap in the United States refers to the observed, persistent disparity in measures of educational performance among subgroups of U.S. students, especially groups defined by socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity and gender.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The achievement gap can be observed on a variety of measures, including standardized test scores, grade point average, dropout rates, and college enrollment and completion rates.", "Achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ While this article focuses on the achievement gap in the United States, the gap in achievement between lower income students and higher income students exists in all nations and it has been studied extensively in the U.S. and other countries, including the U.K.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The racial achievement gap in the United States refers to the educational disparities between various ethnic groups.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ It manifests itself in a variety of ways: among students, blacks and Hispanics are more likely to receive lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and they are less likely to enter and complete college than whites, who similarly score lower than Asians.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ The evidence, antecedents, implications, and successes of the achievement gap are discussed below.", "Racial achievement gap in the United States __knowledge__ Over the past 45 years, students in the United States have made notable gains in academic achievement." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ According to the US National Center for Education Statistics, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in 2011-2012 school year.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ The study found that 83 percent were White, 5 percent were Black, 7 percent were Hispanic, and 2 percent were Asian or Pacific Islander.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are about 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ On average, homeschoolers score at or above the national average on standardized tests.", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs.", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation is also one's direction to behavior, or what causes a person to want to repeat a behavior.", "Motivation __knowledge__ A motive is what prompts the person to act in a certain way, or at least develop an inclination for specific behavior.", "Motivation __knowledge__ According to Maehr and Meyer, \"Motivation is a word that is part of the popular culture as few other psychological concepts are.\"", "Motivation __knowledge__ Motivation theories can be classified on a number of bases: Motivation as a desire to perform an action is usually defined as having two parts, directional such as directed towards a positive stimulus or away from a negative one, as well as the activated \"seeking phase\" and consummatory \"liking phase\".", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems.", "Social networking service __knowledge__ A social networking service (also social networking site, SNS or social media) is an online platform that people use to build social networks or social relations with other people who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections.", "Social networking service __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social networking services currently available online introduces challenges of definition; however, some common features exist: Most social-network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as by e-mail, by instant messaging and through online forums.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Homeschooling in the United States constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students (approximately 2 million students).", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ But, the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ United States Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, as long as states set standards.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Originally homeschooling in the United States was practiced mainly underground or in rural areas.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is legal in many countries.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Countries with the most prevalent home education movements include Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Some countries have highly regulated home education programs as an extension of the compulsory school system; others, such as Germany, have outlawed it entirely.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ In other countries, while not restricted by law, homeschooling is not socially acceptable or considered undesirable and is virtually non-existent.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is currently permitted in Kenya.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ The freedom of homeschooling is however under threat in Kenya, because a new education law has been proposed that does not make any allowance for homeschooling.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ It is also an area of study and research that seeks to understand how humans use verbal and nonverbal cues to accomplish a number of personal and relational goals.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Generally, interpersonal communication research has contributed to at least six distinct categories of inquiry: 1) how humans adjust and adapt their verbal and nonverbal communication during face-to-face communication, 2) the processes of message production, 3) how uncertainty influences our behavior and information-management strategies, 4) deceptive communication, 5) relational dialectics, and 6) social interaction that is mediated by technology.", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is a pedagogical approach where in learning takes place via social interaction using a computer or through the Internet.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ This kind of learning is characterized by the sharing and construction of knowledge among participants using technology as their primary means of communication or as a common resource.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ CSCL can be implemented in online and classroom learning environments and can take place synchronously or asynchronously.", "Computer-supported collaborative learning __knowledge__ The study of computer-supported collaborative learning draws on a number of academic disciplines, including instructional technology, educational psychology, sociology, cognitive psychology, and social psychology.", "Parasocial interaction __knowledge__ Parasocial interaction (PSI) offers an explanation of the ways in which audience members develop their one-sided relationships with the media being consumed.", "Parasocial interaction __knowledge__ PSI is described as an illusionary experience, such that media audiences interact with personas (e.g., talk show host, celebrities, characters) as if they are engaged in a reciprocal relationship with them, and feel as though a mediated other is talking directly to them.", "Parasocial interaction __knowledge__ PSI can be developed to the point where media audiences begin to view the mediated others as \"real friends\".", "Parasocial interaction __knowledge__ Feelings of PSI are nurtured through carefully constructed mechanisms, such as verbal and nonverbal interaction cues, and can carry over to subsequent encounters.", "Social cue __knowledge__ A social cue can either be a verbal or non-verbal hint, which can be positive or negative.", "Social cue __knowledge__ These cues guide conversation and other social interactions.", "Social cue __knowledge__ A few examples of social cues include: Social cues serve several purposes in social interactions that help to clarify people's meanings and intentions.", "Social cue __knowledge__ Cues help provide clues as to whether or not one is being accepted or rejected by those around them.", "Social cue __knowledge__ They also provide more information about a person, group or interaction that allow for a higher degree of intimacy and quality of contact.", "Social cue __knowledge__ One of the most important impacts of cues on social interactions is the reduction of ambiguity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ According to the US National Center for Education Statistics, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in 2011-2012 school year.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ The study found that 83 percent were White, 5 percent were Black, 7 percent were Hispanic, and 2 percent were Asian or Pacific Islander.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are about 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ On average, homeschoolers score at or above the national average on standardized tests.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ A mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a single episode.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary widely between specific disorders.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professional.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are often unclear.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as a fast heart rate and shakiness.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ There are a number of anxiety disorders: including generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and selective mutism.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ People often have more than one anxiety disorder.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The nature versus nurture debate is about whether human behaviour is determined by the environment, either prenatal or during a person's life, or by a person's genes.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The alliterative expression \"nature and nurture\" in English has been in use since at least the Elizabethan period and goes back to medieval French.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The combination of the two concepts as complementary is ancient (Greek: ).", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nurture is generally taken as the influence of external factors after conception e.g.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ the product of exposure, experience and learning on an individual.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ As defined by experts with a biomedical background, a mental disorder is \"a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or psychological pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present disability or with a significantly increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom.\"", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are generally complex and vary depending on the particular disorder and the individual.", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ Although the causes of most mental disorders are unknown, it has been found that different biological, psychological, and environmental factors can all contribute to the development or progression of mental disorders.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness (also called diffidence) is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia.", "Shyness __knowledge__ The primary defining characteristic of shyness is a largely ego-driven fear of what other people will think of a person's behavior.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This results in a person becoming scared of doing or saying what they want to out of fear of negative reactions, being laughed at, humiliated or patronised, criticism or rejection.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is legal in many countries.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Countries with the most prevalent home education movements include Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Some countries have highly regulated home education programs as an extension of the compulsory school system; others, such as Germany, have outlawed it entirely.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ In other countries, while not restricted by law, homeschooling is not socially acceptable or considered undesirable and is virtually non-existent.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ Homeschooling is currently permitted in Kenya.", "Homeschooling international status and statistics __knowledge__ The freedom of homeschooling is however under threat in Kenya, because a new education law has been proposed that does not make any allowance for homeschooling.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence." ] ]

[ 8, 11, 0, 20, 33 ]

[ "I've never been homeschooled before. I know that according to statistics only about 3 percent of all children in the US are homeschooled. Have you?", "Yes, it seems that on average homeschooled students score at least average on standardized tests and often above, so it may be quite beneficial if the parents have the time.", "I believe though there is a downside in the loss of social interaction you get from school. Learning how to interact with many different types of people can be useful later in life.", "Yes, I think so if the child is interested in such activities. The benefit of public schooling would simply be that the child has these interactions on a reliable and constant basis. It is possible homeschooling can lead to social inhibition which includes anxiety in interactions and avoidance in social situations.", "That's true. Anxiety disorders can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Social isolation from homeschooling may trigger this though." ]

[ "Homeschooling", "Homeschooling", "Homeschooling", "Homeschooling", "Homeschooling" ]

[ "Karaoke", "I've never even tried it. Are there special songs you have to sing, or can you sing any song?", "Ohhh. Do you normally do it at home, or do you like to go out to bars to sing?", "There are professional karaoke singers?!?!?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Daina is the traditional name of vocal folk music in the Baltic languages, and is preserved in Lithuania and Latvia.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Lithuanian \"dainos\" (literally, \"songs\") are often noted not only for their mythological content, but also for relating historical events.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Most Lithuanian folk music is based around various types of \"dainos\", which include romantic songs, wedding songs, as well as work songs, and archaic war songs.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ These \"dainos\" are performed either solo, or in groups, and in parallel chords or unison.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ There are three ancient styles of singing in Lithuania connected with ethnographical regions: monophony, multi-voiced homophony, heterophony and polyphony.", "Ar Tonelico __knowledge__ The core part of the series is formed by three console role playing games, which are listed below in chronological order: The \"Ar tonelico\" series is set in a planet called Ar Ciel, which lost its land in a great man-made catastrophe a long time ago, and it is a work of science fantasy that depicts the interaction between the protagonist and the heroines, the latter generally being members of a race called \"Revatail\" (romanized as Reyvateil in the English-localized versions of the games and related material), which can use a special ability known as Song Magic.", "Ar Tonelico __knowledge__ During the course of the trilogy of games, the people were forced to live on three gigantic structures they made after the land was lost, and due to the loss of communication between the regions that form Ar Ciel, the people eventually came to believe that the region where they lived was the entirety of the \"world\" that existed.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Suraiya Jamaal Sheikh (15 June 1929 – 31 January 2004), popularly known as Suraiya, was an Indian Punjabi Muslim Hindi/Hindustani film actress and playback singer in Bollywood from the 1940s to the early 1960s, who remained unmarried throughout her life, after her love affair with actor Dev Anand was aborted by her maternal grandmother.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ She was the most popular singing star of the Indian sub-continent of her generation.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Until 1943, as a child singer, Suraiya did playback singing for one actress, namely Mehtab, in three films, and also in some of her own films for her roles as a child artiste.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ After this, she only sang for her own films as an actress, and acted as a heroine from 1946 until the end of her career in 1963.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Merle Haggard __knowledge__ Merle Ronald Haggard (April 6, 1937 – April 6, 2016) was an American country singer, songwriter, guitarist, and fiddler.", "Merle Haggard __knowledge__ Along with Buck Owens, Haggard and his band the Strangers helped create the Bakersfield sound, which is characterized by the twang of Fender Telecaster and the unique mix with the traditional country steel guitar sound, new vocal harmony styles in which the words are minimal, and a rough edge not heard on the more polished Nashville sound recordings of the same era.", "Merle Haggard __knowledge__ Haggard's childhood was troubled after the death of his father, and he was incarcerated several times in his youth.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Serbian Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Serbian Christmas traditions are customs and practices of the Serbs associated with Christmas and a period encompassing it, between the third Sunday before Christmas Day and Epiphany.", "Serbian Christmas traditions __knowledge__ There are many, complex traditions connected with this period.", "Serbian Christmas traditions __knowledge__ They vary from place to place, and in many areas have been updated or watered down to suit modern living.", "Serbian Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The Serbian name for Christmas is \"Božić\" (Cyrillic: Божић, ), which is the diminutive form of the word \"bog\" (\"god\"), and can be translated as \"young god\".", "Serbian Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas is celebrated for three consecutive days, starting with Christmas Day, which the Serbs call the first day of Christmas.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle albums __knowledge__ \"\" is a fantasy adventure manga series written by Clamp that is currently serializing in Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine which began publication in 2003.", "List of Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle albums __knowledge__ Set in a multiverse, its storyline follows a group of five travelers as they journey across the dimensions in search of Sakura's memories.", "List of Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle albums __knowledge__ It was adapted by Bee Train into a fifty-two episode anime television series directed by Kōichi Mashimo and partly by Hiroshi Morioka with music direction by Toru Nakano.", "List of Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle albums __knowledge__ The first season was broadcast in 2005 spanning twenty-six episodes.", "List of Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle albums __knowledge__ Production I.G adapted the series into an anime film directed by Itsuro Kawasaki and music direction by Kazuhiro Iwabayashi, that premiered in 2006.", "List of Aria soundtracks __knowledge__ \"Aqua\" and \"Aria\" is a utopian science fantasy manga series written and illustrated by Kozue Amano published between 2001 and 2008 by Enix then by Mag Garden.", "List of Aria soundtracks __knowledge__ Set in the early 24th century on a terraformed Mars, now called Aqua, it depicts the life of a young woman named Akari as a trainee gondolier tour guide, or undine.", "List of Aria soundtracks __knowledge__ It was adapted by Hal Film Maker as a 54-episode anime television series broadcast between 2005 and 2008, comprising two seasons, an original video animation (OVA), and a third season, all directed by Jun'ichi Satō with music direction by Shigeharu Sasago and Takeshi Senoo.", "List of Aria soundtracks __knowledge__ A new OVA, called Aria the Avvenire, was released in the 10th anniversary Blu-Ray Box sets of the anime series between 24 December 2015 and 24 June 2016.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ This article provides a list of songs featured in the \"Karaoke Revolution\" series of games.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ 632 songs are in the game \"Note: These songlists include the names of the artists who most famously recorded the song.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ The songs as they appear in the game are covers, with the exceptions being the song \"Dance Like There's No Tomorrow\", which is the master recording of the Paula Abdul song, and 10 original Mowtown songs in the Xbox version of Karaoke Revolution\" \"Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.\"", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Karaoke Revolution and its many sequels are video games for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Nintendo GameCube, Wii, Xbox, and Xbox 360, developed by Harmonix and Blitz Games and published by Konami in its Bemani line of music games.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Original Concept for Karaoke Revolution was created by Scott Hawkins and Sneaky Rabbit Studios.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Technology and concepts from the game were subsequently incorporated into Harmonix's game \"Rock Band\".", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Japanese versions of the game are developed by Konami themselves.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The gameplay also differs significantly.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Rather than a game per se, it is merely a karaoke system for the PlayStation 2, with no judgments.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ Dr. Octagonecologyst is the debut solo studio album by American rapper and Ultramagnetic MCs member Kool Keith, who released the album under the alias Dr. Octagon.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ A shorter version of the album, titled \"Dr. Octagon\", was released on May 7, 1996, on Bulk Recordings in the United States and Mo' Wax in the United Kingdom.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ The full album appeared under the title \"Dr. Octagonecologyst\" on DreamWorks Records in 1997.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ The set was produced by Dan \"The Automator\" Nakamura and featured the work of turntablist DJ Qbert.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ KutMasta Kurt provided additional production work.", "Dr. Octagonecologyst __knowledge__ The artwork for \"Dr. Octagonecologyst\" was drawn by Brian \"Pushead\" Schroeder." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ A motorbike roller coaster is a type of steel roller coaster designed with motorcycle type cars.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ Booster Bike at Toverland was the world's first motorbike roller coaster.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ Vekoma was the first company to design such a ride, although Intamin and Zamperla have since created similar designs.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ A similar but unrelated Steeplechase roller coaster was Knott's Berry Farm's Motorcycle Chase by Arrow Dynamics which opened in 1976.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ That attraction featured single motorbike themed vehicles racing side-by-side, each on one of four parallel tracks, launched together.", "Motorbike roller coaster __knowledge__ It was retrofitted in 1980 as Wacky Soap Box Racers until removed in 1996.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ Ohhh...Alright... is a 1964 pop art painting by Roy Lichtenstein.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ It formerly held the record for highest auction price for a Lichtenstein painting.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ In November 2010, \"Ohhh...Alright...\", previously owned by Steve Martin and later by Steve Wynn, was sold at a record US $42.6 million (£26.7 million) at a sale at Christie's in New York, which surpassed the 2005 $16.2 million Lichtenstein record set when \"In the Car\" sold.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ The hammer price was $38 million.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ It was surpassed in the following year by \"I Can See the Whole Room...and There's Nobody in It!", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ \", which sold for $43.2 million.", "Ohhh...Alright... __knowledge__ Measuring 91.4 cm × 96.5 cm (36 in × 38 in), \"Ohhh...Alright...\" is derived from the June 1963 edition of \"Secret Hearts\" #88 by Arleigh Publishing Corp. (now part of D. C. Comics).", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Ching chong __knowledge__ Ching chong and ching chang chong are pejorative terms sometimes employed by speakers of English to mock or play on the Chinese language, people of Chinese ancestry, or other East Asians perceived to be Chinese.", "Ching chong __knowledge__ Several public commentators have characterized the term as derogatory, noting that assaults or physical intimidation of East Asians are often accompanied by racial slurs or imitation Chinese.", "Ching chong __knowledge__ The term \"ching chong\" is based on how Chinese supposedly sounds to English speakers who do not speak it.", "Ching chong __knowledge__ The \"ch\" reflects the relative abundance of voiceless coronal affricates in Chinese (six in Mandarin Chinese: , , , , , , respectively in Pinyin , , , , , and ), whereas English only has two: (written ) and ( or ), of which only regularly occurs initially.", "Bar __knowledge__ A bar (also known as a saloon or a tavern or sometimes a pub or club, referring to the actual establishment, as in pub bar or savage club etc.)", "Bar __knowledge__ is a retail business establishment that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks and often sell snack foods such as crisps (potato chips) or peanuts, for consumption on premises.", "Bar __knowledge__ Some types of bars, such as pubs, may also serve food from a restaurant menu.", "Bar __knowledge__ The term \"bar\" also refers to the countertop and area where drinks are served.", "Bar __knowledge__ The term \"bar\" is also derived from the metal or wooden bar that is often located at feet along the length of the \"bar.\"", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Paul Williams (December 1, 1934 – April 24, 2016), known professionally as Billy Paul, was a Grammy Award-winning American soul singer, known for his 1972 #1 single, \"Me and Mrs. Jones\", as well as the 1973 album and single \"War of the Gods\" which blends his more conventional pop, soul, and funk styles with electronic and psychedelic influences.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ He was one of the many artists associated with the Philadelphia soul sound created by Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff, and Thom Bell.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Paul was identified by his diverse vocal style which ranged from mellow and soulful to low and raspy.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Questlove of the Roots equated Paul to Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder, calling him \"one of the criminally unmentioned proprietors of socially conscious post-revolution '60s civil rights music.\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Suraiya Jamaal Sheikh (15 June 1929 – 31 January 2004), popularly known as Suraiya, was an Indian Punjabi Muslim Hindi/Hindustani film actress and playback singer in Bollywood from the 1940s to the early 1960s, who remained unmarried throughout her life, after her love affair with actor Dev Anand was aborted by her maternal grandmother.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ She was the most popular singing star of the Indian sub-continent of her generation.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Until 1943, as a child singer, Suraiya did playback singing for one actress, namely Mehtab, in three films, and also in some of her own films for her roles as a child artiste.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ After this, she only sang for her own films as an actress, and acted as a heroine from 1946 until the end of her career in 1963.", "XO (song) __knowledge__ \"XO\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé from her fifth studio album, \"Beyoncé\" (2013).", "XO (song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released the song as the lead contemporary hit radio single from the album in the US and Italy on December 16, 2013.", "XO (song) __knowledge__ Ryan Tedder co-wrote and co-produced \"XO\" with Terius \"The-Dream\" Nash and Beyoncé, with additional production handled by Chauncey \"Hit-Boy\" Hollis and HazeBanga Music.", "XO (song) __knowledge__ A pure midtempo pop, electropop and R&B love song, \"XO\" is complete with electronic musical instrumentation, synthesizers and drums.", "XO (song) __knowledge__ Musically, it was compared to Beyoncé's own song \"Halo\" and was noted for having several music hooks including its call and response chorus.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ \"Pretty Much Dead Already\" is the seventh episode and mid-season finale of the second season, and 13th episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series \"The Walking Dead\".", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ It originally aired on AMC in the United States on November 27, 2011.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ In the episode, Glenn (Steven Yeun) reveals to the group that there are walkers in the Greenes' barn, dividing the group on what to do.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ Hershel Greene (Scott Wilson) sets a deadline for the group to leave, unless Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) does a difficult task.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal) slowly loses his sanity after many secrets around him are revealed and Carol Peletier begins to question whether her daughter, Sophia will be found.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ Andy Russell (born Andrés Rábago; September 16, 1919 – April 16, 1992) was an American popular vocalist, actor, and entertainer of Mexican descent, specializing in traditional pop and Latin music.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He sold 8 million records in the 1940s singing in a romantic, baritone voice and in his trademark bilingual English and Spanish style.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He had chart-busters, such as \"Bésame Mucho,\" \"Amor,\" and \"What a Diff'rence a Day Made.\"", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He also made personal appearances and performed on radio programs, most notably \"Your Hit Parade\", in several movies, and on television.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ During this initial phase of his career, his popularity in the United States rivaled that of crooners Frank Sinatra and Perry Como." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "The Singing Machine Company __knowledge__ The Singing Machine Company is a public company listed on the OTC Bulletin Board under the ticker symbol \"SMDM\".", "The Singing Machine Company __knowledge__ The Singing Machine Company is primarily engaged in the karaoke business including the development, production, marketing, and distribution of consumer karaoke audio equipment, accessories, music, musical instruments, and licensed youth electronic products.", "The Singing Machine Company __knowledge__ The Singing Machine Company (SMC) was originally incorporated in California in 1982 with a focus on professional and semi-professional karaoke equipment.", "The Singing Machine Company __knowledge__ In 1988 the Company began marketing karaoke equipment for home use.", "The Singing Machine Company __knowledge__ It is believed that SMD was the first company to introduce home karaoke products to the United States.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Karaoke Revolution and its many sequels are video games for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Nintendo GameCube, Wii, Xbox, and Xbox 360, developed by Harmonix and Blitz Games and published by Konami in its Bemani line of music games.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Original Concept for Karaoke Revolution was created by Scott Hawkins and Sneaky Rabbit Studios.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Technology and concepts from the game were subsequently incorporated into Harmonix's game \"Rock Band\".", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Japanese versions of the game are developed by Konami themselves.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The gameplay also differs significantly.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Rather than a game per se, it is merely a karaoke system for the PlayStation 2, with no judgments.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ This article provides a list of songs featured in the \"Karaoke Revolution\" series of games.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ 632 songs are in the game \"Note: These songlists include the names of the artists who most famously recorded the song.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ The songs as they appear in the game are covers, with the exceptions being the song \"Dance Like There's No Tomorrow\", which is the master recording of the Paula Abdul song, and 10 original Mowtown songs in the Xbox version of Karaoke Revolution\" \"Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.\"", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.", "My Way killings __knowledge__ The \"My Way\" killings are a social phenomenon in the Philippines, referring to a number of fatal disputes which arose due to the singing of the song \"My Way\", popularized by Frank Sinatra (peaking at #27 on Billboard Hot 100 in 1969), in karaoke bars.", "My Way killings __knowledge__ A \"New York Times\" article estimates the number of killings to be about six up to 2010.", "My Way killings __knowledge__ Another source estimates at least 12 between 2002–2012.", "My Way killings __knowledge__ Opinions differ over whether the possible connection is due to the coincidence that the song was simply frequently sung amid the nation's karaoke bars where violence is common or to the aggressive lyrics of the song itself.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ Karaoke Star Jr. is a reality television show for children that airs on YTV and CMT.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ This show is just like the show Karaoke Star, except it features kids instead of adults.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ It is hosted by Paul McGuire (CMT) and Phil Guerrero (YTV).", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ The purpose of the show is to discover Canada's first ever Karaoke Star Jr.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ The show premiered on YTV and CMT on March 16, 2009 at 7pm ET.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ New episodes of the show now air every Monday on these stations.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ Jamiee is the winner from the first season.", "Karaoke Star Jr. __knowledge__ The show travelled to eight Canadian cities: Vancouver, Edmonton, Saskatoon, Winnipeg, Toronto, Ottawa, Halifax, and St. John's.", "Model (art) __knowledge__ An art model poses for any visual artist as part of the creative process, providing a visual reference for the human figure in a work of art.", "Model (art) __knowledge__ However, more than being simply the subject of art, models are often thought of as muses, a source of inspiration without whom the art would not exist.", "Model (art) __knowledge__ The most common types of art works that use models are figure drawing, figure painting, sculpture and photography, but almost any medium may be used.", "Model (art) __knowledge__ Art models are often paid professionals with skill and experience but are rarely employed full-time, and artists may also rely on friends and family to pose.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The Guitar Hero series (sometimes referred to as the Hero series) is a series of music rhythm games first published in 2005 by RedOctane and Harmonix, and distributed by Activision, in which players use a guitar-shaped game controller to simulate playing lead, bass guitar, and rhythm guitar across numerous rock music songs.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ Players match notes that scroll on-screen to colored fret buttons on the controller, strumming the controller in time to the music in order to score points, and keep the virtual audience excited.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The games attempt to mimic many features of playing a real guitar, including the use of fast-fingering hammer-ons and pull-offs and the use of the whammy bar to alter the pitch of notes.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty is a payment made by one party, the licensee or franchisee to another that owns a particular asset, the licensor or franchisor for the right to ongoing use of that asset.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ At first, the discs were commonly made from shellac; starting in the 1950s polyvinyl chloride became common.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ In recent decades, records have sometimes been called vinyl records, or simply vinyl, although this would exclude most records made until after World War II.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ The phonograph disc record was the primary medium used for music reproduction until late in the 20th century." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 3, 4 ]

[ "Hey!! I love to sing karaoke! Its fun to have parties with the instrumental versions.", "Pretty much you can sing any song. It's more of a sing-along where you sing the words on a screen.", "Typically i like to do it in groups, however some professional artists prefer to use karaoke recordings in places where a band is nearby.", "That's totally new to me, there are even some who do studio recordings." ]

[ "Karaoke", "Karaoke", "Karaoke", "Karaoke" ]

[ "Guitar", "What a great instrument -- and so versatile. Is there a certain kind of guitar or guitar music you want to play?", "I guess acoustic would lend itself to more flexibility. It would be great to be able to just pick up something like that and make beautiful music! Do you have a favorite musician?", "Very true. And I do like a variety of music. Do you prefer electric or acoustic? Or just depends?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ Fingerstyle guitar is the technique of playing the guitar by plucking the strings directly with the fingertips, fingernails, or picks attached to fingers, as opposed to flatpicking (plucking individual notes with a single plectrum, commonly called a \"pick\").", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ The term \"fingerstyle\" is something of a misnomer, since it is present in several different genres and styles of music—but mostly, because it involves a completely different technique, not just a \"style\" of playing, especially for the guitarist's picking/plucking hand.", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ The term is often used synonymously with fingerpicking, although fingerpicking can also refer to a specific tradition of folk, blues and country guitar playing in the US.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The classical guitar (also known as concert guitar, classical acoustic, nylon-string guitar, or Spanish guitar) is the member of the guitar family used in classical music.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, rather than the metal strings used in acoustic and electric guitars.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole (this is called the classical position).", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The modern steel string guitar, on the other hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body (see Dreadnought) and is commonly played off the hip.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ ] Andreas Paolo Perger (born 1970 in Munich, Germany) is a contemporary Austrian guitarist, improviser, and composer of German-Polish and Austrian-Italian descent.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ His work, autobiographical in nature, is drawing from a variety of traditional and contemporary musical influences like contemporary jazz, new music, improvised music, and electronic music.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ Andreas Paolo Perger established a variable and open concept of guitar playing, improvising and composing, focusing on the constant recognizable progression of the originating music within a frequently changing spatial and social environment.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ He plays the 5.1 Surround Guitar and the classical concert guitar.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Piano __knowledge__ The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.", "Piano __knowledge__ It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings.", "Piano __knowledge__ The word \"piano\" is a shortened form of \"pianoforte\", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from \"gravicembalo col piano e forte\" and \"fortepiano\".", "Piano __knowledge__ The Italian musical terms \"piano\" and \"forte\" indicate \"soft\" and \"loud\" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the greater the velocity of a key press, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the strings, and the louder the sound of the note produced and the stronger the attack.", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music (sometimes abbreviated as BM, B/EZ or BM/EZ for \"beautiful music/easy listening\") is a mostly instrumental music format that was prominent in American radio from the 1960s through the 1980s.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Easy listening, light music, mood music, elevator music, and Muzak are other terms that overlap with this format and the style of music that it featured.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music can also be regarded as a subset of the middle of the road radio format.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ Beautiful music initially offered soft and unobtrusive instrumental selections on a very structured schedule with limited commercial interruptions.", "Beautiful music __knowledge__ It often functioned as a free background music service for stores, with commercial breaks consisting only of announcements aimed at shoppers already in the stores.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ John Anthony Frusciante (; born March 5, 1970) is an American guitarist, singer, producer and composer.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He is best known as the former guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers, from 1988 until 1992, and again from 1998 until 2009.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He recorded five studio albums with them.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ Frusciante has an active solo career, having released eleven solo albums and five EPs; his recordings include elements ranging from experimental rock and ambient music to new wave and electronica.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ In 2015, Frusciante released his debut acid house album under his alias, Trickfinger.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He has also recorded with numerous other artists, including the Mars Volta, for whom he was a studio guitarist (and occasional live performer) from 2002 until 2008; Josh Klinghoffer and Joe Lally, with whom he released two albums as Ataxia; and various collaborations with both Klinghoffer and Omar Rodríguez-López.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Tender Mercies is a 1983 American drama film directed by Bruce Beresford.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ The screenplay by Horton Foote focuses on Mac Sledge, a recovering alcoholic country music singer who seeks to turn his life around through his relationship with a young widow and her son in rural Texas.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Robert Duvall plays the role of Mac; the supporting cast includes Tess Harper, Betty Buckley, Wilford Brimley, Ellen Barkin and Allan Hubbard.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Financed by EMI Films, \"Tender Mercies\" was shot largely in Waxahachie, Texas.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ The script was rejected by several American directors before the Australian Beresford accepted it.", "Tender Mercies __knowledge__ Duvall, who sang his own songs in the film, drove more than throughout the state, tape recording local accents and playing in country music bands to prepare for the role.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ A rhythm section (also called a backup band) is a group of musicians within a music ensemble or band who provide the underlying rhythm, harmony and pulse of the accompaniment, providing a rhythmic and harmonic reference and \"beat\" for the rest of the band.", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ Many of the rhythm section instruments, such as keyboard instruments and guitars, are used to play the chord progression upon which the song is based.", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ The bass instrument (either double bass or electric bass, or another low-register instrument, such as synth bass, depending on the group and its style of music) plays the low-pitched bassline that supports the chord progression, typically by emphasizing the roots of the chords (and to a lesser degree the fifths and thirds of the chords).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ At first, the discs were commonly made from shellac; starting in the 1950s polyvinyl chloride became common.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ In recent decades, records have sometimes been called vinyl records, or simply vinyl, although this would exclude most records made until after World War II.", "Phonograph record __knowledge__ The phonograph disc record was the primary medium used for music reproduction until late in the 20th century.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ A vibrato system on a guitar is a mechanical device used to temporarily change the pitch of the strings.", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ Guitar makers have developed a variety of vibrato systems since the 1920's.", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ They add vibrato to the sound by changing the tension of the strings, typically at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a controlling lever (often referred to as a whammy bar, vibrato arm/bar, or incorrectly as tremolo arm/bar).", "Vibrato systems for guitar __knowledge__ The lever enables the player to quickly and temporarily vary the tension, and sometimes length of the strings, changing the pitch to create a vibrato, portamento, or pitch bend effect." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "I've always wanted to learn how to play the guitar, which is an instrument that has usually has 6 fixed strings on it.", "Not really, just the idea of it is really interesting. Especially how they are either electric or acoustic.", "There's too many for me to have a real favorite. The difference between the two different types of guitars is how the sound is projected, which I found really fascinating. ", "I like acoustic more for the most part, as I like how the hollow wood sounds compared to the electric amp." ]

[ "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar" ]

[ "Italian cuisine\nI love cooking Italian cuisine.", "It's not my favorite, but since my family has Italian heritage it's the type of food I'm familiar with cooking and consider comfort food.", "Yes, often. Do you know if it came from another part of the world, or was introduced and created in Sicily?", "That's interesting. Tomatoes are a typical ingredient in Italian American cuisine. Are they native to Italy as well? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Comfort food __knowledge__ Comfort food is food that provides a nostalgic or sentimental value to someone, and may be characterized by its high caloric nature, high carbohydrate level, or simple preparation.", "Comfort food __knowledge__ The nostalgia may be specific to an individual, or it may apply to a specific culture.", "Comfort food __knowledge__ The term \"comfort food\" has been traced back at least to 1966, when the \"Palm Beach Post\" used it in a story: \"Adults, when under severe emotional stress, turn to what could be called ‘comfort food’—food associated with the security of childhood, like mother’s poached egg or famous chicken soup.\"", "Comfort food __knowledge__ They are believed to be a great coping mechanism for rapidly soothing negative feelings.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Comfort __knowledge__ Comfort (or being \"comfortable\") is a sense of physical or psychological ease, often characterized as a lack of hardship.", "Comfort __knowledge__ Persons who are lacking in comfort are uncomfortable, or experiencing discomfort.", "Comfort __knowledge__ A degree of psychological comfort can be achieved by recreating experiences that are associated with pleasant memories, such as engaging in familiar activities, maintaining the presence of familiar objects, and consumption of comfort foods.", "Comfort __knowledge__ Comfort is a particular concern in health care, as providing comfort to the sick and injured is one goal of healthcare, and can facilitate recovery.", "Comfort __knowledge__ Persons who are surrounded with things that provide psychological comfort may be described as \"in their comfort zone\".", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Food __knowledge__ Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.", "Food __knowledge__ It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.", "Food __knowledge__ The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.", "Food __knowledge__ Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture.", "Food __knowledge__ Today, the majority of the food energy required by the ever increasing population of the world is supplied by the food industry.", "Food __knowledge__ Food safety and food security are monitored by agencies like the International Association for Food Protection, World Resources Institute, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Food Information Council.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Sicily __knowledge__ Sicily ( ; , ) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.", "Sicily __knowledge__ It is an autonomous region of Italy, in Southern Italy along with surrounding minor islands, officially referred to as \"Regione Siciliana\".", "Sicily __knowledge__ Sicily is located in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula, from which it is separated by the narrow Strait of Messina.", "Sicily __knowledge__ Its most prominent landmark is Mount Etna, the tallest active volcano in Europe, and one of the most active in the world, currently high.", "Sicily __knowledge__ The island has a typical Mediterranean climate.", "Sicily __knowledge__ The earliest archaeological evidence of human activity on the island dates from as early as 12,000 BC.", "Napoleon III __knowledge__ Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I.", "Napoleon III __knowledge__ He was the first Head of State of France to hold the title of President, the first elected by a direct popular vote, and the youngest until the election of Emmanuel Macron in 2017.", "Napoleon III __knowledge__ Barred by the Constitution and Parliament from running for a second term, he organized a \"coup d'état\" in 1851 and then took the throne as Napoleon III on 2 December 1852, the forty-eighth anniversary of his uncle's coronation.", "Napoleon III __knowledge__ He remains the longest-serving French head of state since the French Revolution.", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ Sicilia was the first province acquired by the Roman Republic.", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ The western part of the island was brought under Roman control in 241 BC at the conclusion of the First Punic War with Carthage.", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ A praetor was regularly assigned to the island from c.227 BC.", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Syracuse under Hieron II remained an independent ally of Rome until its defeat in 212 BC during the Second Punic War.", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ Thereafter the province included the whole of the island of Sicily, the island of Malta, and the smaller island groups (the Egadi islands, the Lipari islands, Ustica, and Pantelleria).", "Sicilia (Roman province) __knowledge__ During the Roman Republic, the island was the main source of grain for the city of Rome.", "History of Carthage __knowledge__ Carthage was founded in the 9th century BC on the coast of North Africa, in what is now Tunisia.", "History of Carthage __knowledge__ It developed into a significant trading empire throughout the Mediterranean, and was seen as home to a wealthy and brilliant civilization.", "History of Carthage __knowledge__ After a long conflict with the emerging civilisation of Ancient Rome, known as the Punic Wars, during which advantage shifted from one side to the other and Hannibal conducted a campaign in Italy after first crossing the Alps, Rome finally destroyed Carthage in 146 B.C.", "History of Carthage __knowledge__ A Roman Carthage was established on the ruins of the first.", "History of Carthage __knowledge__ The city started as one of a number of Phoenician settlements in the western Mediterranean that were created to facilitate trade from the city of Tyre on the coast of what is now Lebanon.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ Malta has a long history and has been inhabited since settlers from Sicily arrived around 5200 BC.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ Malta's location has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base, and a succession of powers, including the Phoenicians, Romans, Moors, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, Order of St. John, French and British, have ruled the islands.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ Malta became an independent state in 1964, and a republic in 1974.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ Since 2004 the country has been a member state of the European Union.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ Malta stands on an underwater ridge that extends from North Africa to Sicily.", "History of Malta __knowledge__ At some time in the distant past, Malta was submerged, as shown by marine fossils embedded in rock in the highest points of Malta.", "History of Sicily __knowledge__ The history of Sicily has been influenced by numerous ethnic groups.", "History of Sicily __knowledge__ It has seen Sicily sometimes controlled by external powers — Roman, Vandal and Ostrogoth, Byzantine and Islamic — but also experiencing important periods of independence, as under the Siceliotes of Greek origin and later as the autonomous Emirate then Kingdom of Sicily.", "History of Sicily __knowledge__ The Kingdom was founded in 1130 by Roger II, belonging to the Siculo-Norman family of Hauteville.", "History of Sicily __knowledge__ During this period, Sicily was prosperous and politically powerful, becoming one of the wealthiest states in all of Europe.", "History of Sicily __knowledge__ As a result of the dynastic succession, then, the Kingdom passed into the hands of the Hohenstaufen.", "Malta __knowledge__ Malta (; ), officially known as the Republic of Malta (), is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea.", "Malta __knowledge__ It lies south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya.", "Malta __knowledge__ The country covers just over , with a population of just under 450,000, making it one of the world's smallest and most densely populated countries.", "Malta __knowledge__ The capital of Malta is Valletta, which at 0.8 km, is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area.", "Malta __knowledge__ Malta has two official languages which are Maltese and English.", "Malta __knowledge__ However, the Maltese language is also regarded as the national language of the island.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini (; 3 November 1801 – 23 September 1835) was an Italian opera composer, who was known for his long-flowing melodic lines for which he was named \"the Swan of Catania\".", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Many years later, in 1898, Giuseppe Verdi \"praised the broad curves of Bellini's melody: 'there are extremely long melodies as no-one else had ever made before'.\"", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ A large amount of what is known about Bellini's life and his activities comes from surviving letters—except for a short period—which were written over his lifetime to his friend Francesco Florimo, whom he had met as a fellow student in Naples and with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Italian-American cuisine __knowledge__ Italian-American cuisine is a style of Italian cuisine adapted throughout the United States of America.", "Italian-American cuisine __knowledge__ Italian-American food has been shaped throughout history by various waves of immigrants and their descendants, called Italian Americans.", "Italian-American cuisine __knowledge__ As immigrants from the different regions of Italy settled throughout the various regions of the United States, many brought with them a distinct regional Italian culinary tradition.", "Italian-American cuisine __knowledge__ Many of these foods and recipes developed into new favorites for the townspeople and later for Americans nationwide.", "Italian-American cuisine __knowledge__ Prominent American chefs and cooks working in the Italian-American tradition include Giada De Laurentiis, Mario Batali, Michael Chiarello, Frank Pellegrino, Rocco DiSpirito, Tom Colicchio, and Lidia Bastianich.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Aubrey McClendon __knowledge__ Aubrey Kerr McClendon (July 14, 1959 – March 2, 2016) was an American businessman and the founder and chief executive officer of American Energy Partners, LP.", "Aubrey McClendon __knowledge__ He also co-founded Chesapeake Energy, serving as its CEO and chairman.", "Aubrey McClendon __knowledge__ He was an outspoken advocate for natural gas as an alternative to oil and coal fuels.", "Aubrey McClendon __knowledge__ He was a pioneer in employing fracking, a controversial fuel extraction technique which has been widely criticized on environmental grounds.", "Aubrey McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon was a part-owner of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Oklahoma City Thunder franchise, and was part of the ownership group that moved the Seattle SuperSonics to Oklahoma City in 2008.", "Lloyd McClendon __knowledge__ Lloyd Glenn McClendon (born January 11, 1959) is a former professional baseball player who is currently the hitting coach for the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Lloyd McClendon __knowledge__ He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball, primarily as an outfielder, and was manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates from 2001 to 2005 and Seattle Mariners from 2014 to 2015.", "Lloyd McClendon __knowledge__ In 1971, McClendon played in the Little League World Series for the Gary, Indiana team, and earned the nickname \"Legendary Lloyd\" by homering in five consecutive at bats.", "Lloyd McClendon __knowledge__ In fact, they were his only official at-bats, as in every other plate appearance the opposing coaches had him intentionally walked.", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini (; 3 November 1801 – 23 September 1835) was an Italian opera composer, who was known for his long-flowing melodic lines for which he was named \"the Swan of Catania\".", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Many years later, in 1898, Giuseppe Verdi \"praised the broad curves of Bellini's melody: 'there are extremely long melodies as no-one else had ever made before'.\"", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ A large amount of what is known about Bellini's life and his activities comes from surviving letters—except for a short period—which were written over his lifetime to his friend Francesco Florimo, whom he had met as a fellow student in Naples and with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship.", "Sarah McClendon __knowledge__ Sarah Newcomb McClendon (July 8, 1910 – January 8, 2003) was a long-time White House reporter who covered presidential politics for a half-century.", "Sarah McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon founded her own freelance news service as a single mother in the post-World War II era, and became known as a model for women in the press and as a vocal advocate of various causes, particularly those of United States military veterans.", "Sarah McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon was best known, however, for posing sharp, blunt questions at United States presidential press conferences.", "Sarah McClendon __knowledge__ The youngest of nine children, McClendon was born July 8, 1910 and reared in Tyler, Texas.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ Charles Youmans McClendon (October 17, 1923 – December 6, 2001), also known as \"Cholly Mac\", was an American football player and coach.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ He served at the head coach at Louisiana State University from 1962 to 1979.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1986.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon was born on October 17, 1923 in Lewisville, Arkansas.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ He played college football under Bear Bryant at the University of Kentucky.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ McClendon's first coaching job was as an assistant at Vanderbilt University in 1952.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ In 1953, he came to LSU as an assistant under head coach Gaynell Tinsley.", "Charles McClendon __knowledge__ He was retained as an assistant when Paul Dietzel took over the team in 1955." ] ]

[ 5, 69, 53, 34 ]

[ "I've heard that Italian is one of the most popular types of food in the world. A lot of people copy it. Is it your favorite?", "Does your family cook pasta a lot? It's one of the most common Italian foods. It was first introduced in Sicily in 1154.", "The first ever reference of pasta in historic artifacts is in Sicily. It spread from there.", "They actually originated in South America, isn't that weird?" ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine" ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Yikes how long have your eyes been going bad?", "I'm in the same boat. I'm 33 but looking the computer to long gives me a headache. I need readers. Are you getting glasses or contacts? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "First loss deductible __knowledge__ First loss deductible relates to the amount of recourse a bank is liable to in the event of securitised loans going bad.", "First loss deductible __knowledge__ When a bank enters into a securitisation, the securitisation agreement will most likely include a clause to the amount of bad debts / unpaid items that the bank is liable for.", "First loss deductible __knowledge__ It is basically a protection for the buyer of the securities in that the issuing bank will stand losses of up to a set amount or percentage.", "First loss deductible __knowledge__ For example, if Bank A securitises €100m of assets, they may typically include a first loss deductible of 2%, meaning that they will be liable for up to €2m of losses incurred as a result of the loans going bad.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Steven Weissman (b. June 4, 1968, in California) is an award-winning alternative cartoonist best known for his offbeat and bizarre explorations of childhood friendships.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ His work has been published by Alternative Comics, Fantagraphics, Retrofit and Vice.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Weissman made his name with the Harvey and Ignatz award-nominated 1997 series \"Yikes!", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ \", published by Alternative Comics.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Described as a \"light tragedy,\" \"Yikes\" comics featured Li'l Bloody, the Pullapart Boy and additional \"Peanuts\" sized children modeled after popular monsters.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ As a comic magazine, \"Yikes\" was short lived, but the title continued to be published as book-length collections through Fantagraphics Books until 2010.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Herbert Garrison is a fictional character in the American animated television series \"South Park\", He is voiced by Trey Parker and first appeared on television on August 13, 1997 in \"South Park\"s pilot episode \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\".", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Mr. Garrison was depicted primarily as a teacher until his dismissal, and then mounted a campaign that resulted in his election as President of the United States.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Garrison is particularly cynical, especially in comparison with the rest of South Park's adults, and he is one of the few characters to ever break the fourth wall on the show.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Mr. Garrison was in part inspired by a kindergarten teacher who taught Trey Parker, and who used a puppet named Mr. Hat as a teaching resource.", "Nome King __knowledge__ The Nome King is a fictional character created by American author L. Frank Baum.", "Nome King __knowledge__ He is introduced in Baum's third Oz book \"Ozma of Oz\" (1907).", "Nome King __knowledge__ He also appears in many of the continuing sequel \"Oz\" novels also written by Baum.", "Nome King __knowledge__ Although the character of the Wicked Witch of the West is the most notable and famous Oz villain (due to her appearance in the 1939 MGM musical \"The Wizard of Oz\"), it is actually the Nome King who is the most frequent antagonist throughout the entire book series.", "Nome King __knowledge__ Katharine M. Rogers, a biographer of L. Frank Baum, has argued that there was a precursor of the Nome King in one of Baum's pre-Oz works.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "3D film __knowledge__ A three-dimensional stereoscopic film (also known as three-dimensional film, 3D film or S3D film) is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception, hence adding a third dimension.", "3D film __knowledge__ The most common approach to the production of 3D films is derived from stereoscopic photography.", "3D film __knowledge__ In it, a regular motion picture camera system is used to record the images as seen from two perspectives (or computer-generated imagery generates the two perspectives in post-production), and special projection hardware and/or eyewear are used to limit the visibility of each image in the pair to the viewer's left or right eye only.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Elizabeth Miervaldis Lemon is the main character of the American television series \"30 Rock\".", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She created and writes for the fictional comedy-sketch show \"The Girlie Show\" and later \"TGS with Tracy Jordan\".", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Tina Fey, who is also the creator of the series and its showrunner.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Fey has received a Primetime Emmy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, four Screen Actors Guild Awards, and a Television Critics Association Award for her performance.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She is also the first person to win a Critics' Choice, Golden Globe, Primetime Emmy, SAG, and TCA Award for a singular performance.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Liz Lemon was born on October 14, 1970.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters of different (usually chromatically opposite) colors, typically red and cyan.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored images, one for each eye.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ When viewed through the \"color-coded\" \"anaglyph glasses\", each of the two images reaches the eye it's intended for, revealing an integrated stereoscopic image.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into the perception of a three-dimensional scene or composition.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph images have seen a recent resurgence due to the presentation of images and video on the Web, Blu-ray Discs, CDs, and even in print." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Talat Xhaferi __knowledge__ Talat Xhaferi (; born 15 April 1962) is a Macedonian politician of Albanian descent, former Minister of Defense, and currently Speaker of the Parliament.", "Talat Xhaferi __knowledge__ He is a member of the Albanian community.", "Talat Xhaferi __knowledge__ Xhaferi, an ethnic Albanian, was born on 15 April 1962 in the village of Forino near Gostivar, SR Macedonia, SFR Yugoslavia.", "Talat Xhaferi __knowledge__ He attended primary school in the nearby village of Čegrane and continued secondary education at the Belgrade Military High School.", "Talat Xhaferi __knowledge__ He studied at the Military Academy of the Land Army Infantry of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) in Belgrade and Sarajevo and specialised in command and staff duties at the Military Academy \"General Mihailo Apostolski\" in Skopje.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Jazz Fest Sarajevo __knowledge__ Jazz Fest Sarajevo is an international music festival, held annually since 1997 in the first week of November in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina.", "Jazz Fest Sarajevo __knowledge__ \"After all the huge amount of music and emotion experienced in Sarajevo, what is left is the sense of having lived through an intellectual adventure of the highest caliber.", "Jazz Fest Sarajevo __knowledge__ Kudos to Edin and his team for creating and keeping alive this festival in the most difficult conditions - we all may soon have to learn from them.", "Jazz Fest Sarajevo __knowledge__ \", Francesco Martinelli for \"All About Jazz\", November 2016.", "Jazz Fest Sarajevo __knowledge__ “Almost 21 years after the Dayton agreement Jazz Fest has managed to organize 20 festivals!", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headache is the symptom of pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck.", "Headache __knowledge__ It occurs in migraines (sharp, or throbbing pains), tension-type headaches, and cluster headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Frequent headaches can affect relationships and employment.", "Headache __knowledge__ There is also an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headaches can occur as a result of many conditions whether serious or not.", "Headache __knowledge__ There are a number of different classification systems for headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ The most well-recognized is that of the International Headache Society.", "Headache __knowledge__ Causes of headaches may include fatigue, sleep deprivation, stress, the effects of medications, the effects of recreational drugs, viral infections, loud noises, common colds, head injury, rapid ingestion of a very cold food or beverage, and dental or sinus issues.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ Bilal Xhaferri, real name Bilal Xhaferr Hoxha, 2 November 1935 – 14 October 1986, (or 10 May 1935 - 22 August 1986,) was an Albanian poet and novelist, and a political dissident against the Albanian communist regime.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ He was born in Ninat, Konispol in southern Albania, and died in Chicago, USA.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ Bilal Xhaferri grew up in Albania and published his first pieces of poetry and short stories in various journals in 1962-1963.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ He was a grandnephew of the philosopher Hasan Tahsini.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ His father was shot by the partisans at the end of World War II, due to his support and sympathy for Balli Kombëtar.", "Bilal Xhaferri __knowledge__ In memory of his father, Bilal carried the last name \"Xhaferri\" instead of the family name \"Hoxha\".", "Arbën Xhaferi __knowledge__ Arbën Xhaferi (24 January 1948 – 15 August 2012) was an Albanian politician in Macedonia.", "Arbën Xhaferi __knowledge__ He was born in Tetovo, Yugoslavia, and died in 2012 at the Skopje Hospital after a cerebral hemorrhage.", "Arbën Xhaferi __knowledge__ Xhaferi was president of the Democratic Party of Albanians, an ethnic Albanian political party in the Republic of Macedonia, and was an advocate of rights for ethnic Albanians in the country.", "Arbën Xhaferi __knowledge__ He is best known for calling for a change in the Preamble of the Constitution.", "Arbën Xhaferi __knowledge__ He published two works focusing on the Albanian minority in Macedonia, \"The DPA Non-Paper\", and \"The Challenges of Democracy in Multiethnic States,\" reiterating the beliefs of the PDPA.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ Augustin-Jean Fresnel (, ; ; 10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ But he is perhaps better known for inventing the \"catadioptric\" (reflective/refractive) Fresnel lens and for pioneering the use of \"stepped\" lenses to extend the visibility of lighthouses, saving unknown numbers of lives at sea.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ The simpler \"dioptric\" (purely refractive) stepped lens, first proposed by Count Buffon and independently reinvented by Fresnel, is used in screen magnifiers and in condenser lenses for overhead projectors.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows can be full circles.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ However, the observer normally sees only an arc formed by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the sun to the observer's eye.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ In a primary rainbow, the arc shows red on the outer part and violet on the inner side.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a droplet of water, then reflected inside on the back of the droplet and refracted again when leaving it.", "The Residents __knowledge__ The Residents are an American art collective best known for avant-garde music and multimedia works.", "The Residents __knowledge__ Since their first official release, \"Meet the Residents\" (1974), the group has released over sixty albums, numerous music videos and short films, three CD-ROM projects, and ten DVDs.", "The Residents __knowledge__ They have undertaken seven major world tours and scored multiple films.", "The Residents __knowledge__ Pioneers in exploring the potential of CD-ROM and similar technologies, the Residents have won several awards for their multimedia projects.", "The Residents __knowledge__ Ralph Records, a record label focusing on avant-garde music, was started by the band.", "The Residents __knowledge__ Throughout the group's existence, the individual members have ostensibly attempted to operate under anonymity, preferring instead to have attention focused on their art output.", "Eyeball Chat __knowledge__ Eyeball Chat is a proprietary freeware VoIP, video telephony soft phone with multiple-protocol instant messaging for Windows PCs, produced by Eyeball Networks in Vancouver, and first released in 2000.", "Eyeball Chat __knowledge__ The software is free for personal use.", "Eyeball Chat __knowledge__ Eyeball Chat allows text message exchanges with individuals or conferences, and with AIM, Google Talk, MSN Messenger and Yahoo!", "Eyeball Chat __knowledge__ Messenger buddies, drag-and-drop file and photo sharing, free voice calls between PCs and (via SIP gateway) from PCs to phones, video chat and video conferencing with up to 5 people, picture-in-picture, still snapshots during video calls, custom avatars, and chat rooms with privacy options.", "Snell's law __knowledge__ Snell's law (also known as Snell–Descartes law and the law of refraction) is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air.", "Snell's law __knowledge__ In optics, the law is used in ray tracing to compute the angles of incidence or refraction, and in experimental optics to find the refractive index of a material.", "Snell's law __knowledge__ The law is also satisfied in metamaterials, which allow light to be bent \"backward\" at a negative angle of refraction with a negative refractive index.", "Refractive index __knowledge__ In optics, the refractive index or index of refraction of a material is a dimensionless number that describes how light propagates through that medium.", "Refractive index __knowledge__ It is defined as where \"c\" is the speed of light in vacuum and \"v\" is the phase velocity of light in the medium.", "Refractive index __knowledge__ For example, the refractive index of water is 1.333, meaning that light travels 1.333 times slower in water than in the vacuum.", "Refractive index __knowledge__ The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refracted, when entering a material.", "Refractive index __knowledge__ This is the first documented use of refractive indices and is described by Snell's law of refraction, \"n\" sin\"θ\" = \"n\" sin\"θ\", where \"θ\" and \"θ\" are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively, of a ray crossing the interface between two media with refractive indices \"n\" and \"n\"." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6 ]

[ "I found out that I need glasses - apparently my clarity of vision is not all that great.", "Just since I turned 40 - apparently it has to do with how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Mine is mostly distance caused by an astigmatism - contacts don't work as well on that apparently." ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity" ]

[ "Special education\nWhat is special education", "Which country did it originate from?", "What makes the curriculum of special education ", "What age bracket can get special education?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Special education __knowledge__ Common special needs include learning disabilities (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders (such as ADHD and ADD), physical disabilities (such as Brittle Bone Disease, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal Bifida, and Frederich's Ataxia), and developmental disabilities (such as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability).", "Special education __knowledge__ Students with these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource room.", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) \"(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities.\"", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District is a large, suburban/rural public school district located in the Poconos of northeast Pennsylvania.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The headquarters are located on West Main Street in the Borough of Stroudsburg in Monroe County.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 30,713 .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 36,502 people, by 2015 it had declined to 35,787.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $22,137, while the median family income was $56,546.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Bloomsburg Area School District is a small, suburban/rural public school district.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The District is one of the 500 school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Bloomsburg Area School District serves the Town of Bloomsburg and Beaver Township, Hemlock Township, Main Township and Montour Township in Columbia County, Pennsylvania.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The District encompasses approximately .", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 17,860.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population increased to 20,654 people.", "Bloomsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the District's population (25 years old and over) were 91.5% high school graduates and 26.4% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Special education __knowledge__ Common special needs include learning disabilities (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders (such as ADHD and ADD), physical disabilities (such as Brittle Bone Disease, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal Bifida, and Frederich's Ataxia), and developmental disabilities (such as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability).", "Special education __knowledge__ Students with these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource room.", "List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation __knowledge__ At the start of the 19th century, the highest-circulation newspaper in the United Kingdom was the \"Morning Post\", which sold around 4,000 copies per day, twice the sales of its nearest rival.", "List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation __knowledge__ As production methods improved, print runs increased, and newspapers were sold at lower prices.", "List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation __knowledge__ By 1828, the \"Morning Herald\" was selling the most copies, but it was soon overtaken by \"The Times\".", "List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation __knowledge__ Pubs would typically take in one or two papers for their customers to read, and through this method, by the 1850s the newspaper of the licensed trade, the \"Morning Advertiser\", had the second highest circulation.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond ( or ) is a metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is less stable than graphite, but the conversion rate from diamond to graphite is negligible at standard conditions.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is renowned as a material with superlative physical qualities, most of which originate from the strong covalent bonding between its atoms.", "Diamond __knowledge__ In particular, diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any bulk material.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Those properties determine the major industrial application of diamond in cutting and polishing tools and the scientific applications in diamond knives and diamond anvil cells.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ Surname conventions and laws vary around the world.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ This article gives an overview of surnames around the world.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ In Argentina, normally only one family name, the father's paternal family name, is used and registered, as in English-speaking countries.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ However, it is possible to use both the paternal and maternal name.", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ For example, if \"Ana Laura Melachenko\" and \"Emanuel Darío Guerrero\" had a daughter named \"Adabel Anahí\", her full name could be \"Adabel Anahí Guerrero Melachenko\".", "Surnames by country __knowledge__ Women, however, do not change their family names upon marriage and continue to use their birth family names instead of their husband's family names.", "Constitutional Convention (United States) __knowledge__ The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in the old Pennsylvania State House (later known as Independence Hall because of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence there eleven years before) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Constitutional Convention (United States) __knowledge__ Although the Convention was intended to revise the league of states and first system of government under the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, which were first proposed in 1776, adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1778 and only finally unanimously ratified by the Original Thirteen States by 1781), the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New York, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is a state in the south-eastern part of the Indian Peninsula.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu is previously a part of the United Madras Province, which was later partitioned based on languages.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu has more than 4,000 years of continuous cultural history.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu has some of the most remarkable temple architecture in the country, and a living tradition of music, dance, folk arts and fine arts.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is well renowned for its temple towns and heritage sites, hill stations, waterfalls, national parks, local cuisine and the natural environment and wildlife.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The state has the largest tourism industry in India with an annual growth rate of 16%.", "Medulloblastoma __knowledge__ Medulloblastoma () is the most common type of pediatric malignant primary brain tumor (cancer), originating in the part of the brain that is towards the back and the bottom, on the floor of the skull, in the cerebellum, or posterior fossa.", "Medulloblastoma __knowledge__ The brain is divided into two main parts, the larger cerebrum on top and the smaller cerebellum below towards the back.", "Medulloblastoma __knowledge__ They are separated by a membrane called the tentorium.", "Medulloblastoma __knowledge__ Tumors that originate in the cerebellum or the surrounding region below the tentorium are, therefore, called infratentorial.", "Medulloblastoma __knowledge__ Historically medulloblastomas have been classified as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), but it is now known that medulloblastoma is distinct from supratentorial PNETs and are no longer considered similar entities.", "Olfactory tubercle __knowledge__ The olfactory tubercle (OT), also known as the tuberculum olfactorium, is a multi-sensory processing center that is contained within the olfactory cortex and ventral striatum and plays a role in reward cognition.", "Olfactory tubercle __knowledge__ OT has also been shown to play a role in locomotor and attentional behaviors, particularly in relation to social and sensory responsiveness, and it may be necessary for behavioral flexibility.", "Olfactory tubercle __knowledge__ The OT is interconnected with numerous brain regions, especially the sensory, arousal, and reward centers, thus making it a potentially critical interface between processing of sensory information and the subsequent behavioral responses.", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) \"(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities.\"", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ Inclusion, in education refers to the a model wherein special needs students spend most or all of their time with non-special (general education) needs students.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ It arrises in the context of special education with an individualized education program or 504 plan, and is built on the notion that it is more effective for students with special needs to have said mixed experience for them to be more successful in social interactions leading to further success in life.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ Inclusion rejects but still provides the use of special schools or classrooms to separate students with disabilities from students without disabilities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ Educational inequality is the unequal distribution of academic resources, including but not limited to; school funding, qualified and experienced teachers, books, and technologies to socially excluded communities.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ These communities tend to be historically disadvantaged and oppressed.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ More times than not, individuals belonging to these marginalized groups are also denied access to the schools with abundant resources.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ Inequality leads to major differences in the educational success or efficiancy of these individuals and ultimately suppresses social and economic mobility.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ \"See Statistic sections for more information.\"", "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act __knowledge__ The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a four-part (A-D) piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs.", "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act __knowledge__ IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990.", "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act __knowledge__ In 1990, the United States Congress reauthorized EHA and changed the title to IDEA (Public Law No.", "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act __knowledge__ 94-142).", "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act __knowledge__ Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.", "European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education __knowledge__ The European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education is an independent organisation that acts as a platform for collaboration for its 30 member countries, working towards ensuring more inclusive education systems.", "European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education __knowledge__ The Agency’s mission is to help member countries improve the quality and effectiveness of their inclusive provision for all learners.", "European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education __knowledge__ All European countries are committed to working towards ensuring more inclusive education systems.", "European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education __knowledge__ They do so in different ways, depending on their past and current contexts and histories.", "European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education __knowledge__ Inclusive education systems are seen as a vital component within the wider aspiration of more socially inclusive societies that all countries align themselves with, both ethically and politically." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Special education __knowledge__ Common special needs include learning disabilities (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders (such as ADHD and ADD), physical disabilities (such as Brittle Bone Disease, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal Bifida, and Frederich's Ataxia), and developmental disabilities (such as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability).", "Special education __knowledge__ Students with these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource room.", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ Susquenita School District is a midsized, public school district located in Perry County, Pennsylvania and also includes one township in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ Susquenita School District encompasses approximately .", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ Susquenita School District encompasses the boroughs of Marysville, New Buffalo, and Duncannon.", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ It also serves: Watts Township, Wheatfield Township, Penn Township, and Rye Township, as well as Reed Township in Dauphin County.", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ According to 2010 US Census Bureau data, it serves a resident population of 14,612.", "Susquenita School District __knowledge__ Per 2009 local census data, it served a resident population of 13,634.", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) \"(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities.\"", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ Shamokin Area School District is a small, rural public school district located in Coal Township, Pennsylvania, US.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The Shamokin Area School District community consists of the city of Shamokin and the townships of Coal, East Cameron and Shamokin.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ It is located at the southern end of the anthracite coal region in Northumberland County in central Pennsylvania with a population of approximately 21,000.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ According to the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 20,876 people.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shamokin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 9.3% college graduates.", "Newport School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Newport School District is a small, rural, public school district which is situated in the town of Newport, Pennsylvania, located in the eastern section of Perry County along the Juniata River northwest of Harrisburg, the Capital.", "Newport School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The District encompasses about .", "Newport School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The District serves several small communities including: the borough of Newport, Buffalo Township, Howe Township, Juniata Township, Miller Township, and Oliver Township.", "Newport School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ According to the US Census Bureau, in 2010, Newport School District served a resident population of 7,451 people.", "Newport School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data it served a resident population of 7,500 people.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ The Bermudian Springs School District is a small, rural, public school district created in 1970.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ Bermudian Springs School District encompasses approximately .", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ The district includes: the Boroughs of East Berlin and York Springs, as well as, the village of Idaville, Huntington Township, Latimore Township, Reading Township and a small part of Hamilton Township.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ The 1990 U.S. census totals showed these communities have over 11,500 inhabitants.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ According to 2007 local census data, it served a resident population of 13,077.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population had risen to 13,115 people.", "Bermudian Springs School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Bermudian Springs School District population (25 years old and over) were 83.9% high school graduates and 16.2% college graduates.", "Special education in England __knowledge__ Special education in England is the responsibility of the Government of the United Kingdom and the term \"special educational needs\" is used to describe the needs of children who need additional provision in order to make progress.", "Special education in England __knowledge__ This includes children with moderate or severe learning difficulties and physical, neurological or sensory disabilities (such as hearing, motor and visual disabilities) as well as needs such as dyslexia, developmental coordination disorder, autism, Asperger syndrome and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).", "Special education in England __knowledge__ Children who face barriers to their learning will often require additional educational intervention to support their learning.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ Inclusion, in education refers to the a model wherein special needs students spend most or all of their time with non-special (general education) needs students.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ It arrises in the context of special education with an individualized education program or 504 plan, and is built on the notion that it is more effective for students with special needs to have said mixed experience for them to be more successful in social interactions leading to further success in life.", "Inclusion (education) __knowledge__ Inclusion rejects but still provides the use of special schools or classrooms to separate students with disabilities from students without disabilities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "The Lamb Enquiry 2009 __knowledge__ The Lamb Enquiry (2009) was established as part of the UK government’s response to the House of Commons Education and Skills Committee Report Special Educational Needs: Assessment and Funding.", "The Lamb Enquiry 2009 __knowledge__ The enquiry was led by Brian Lamb, the chair of the Special Educational Consortium (SEC), who was tasked by the Department of Children’s, Schools, and Families (DCSF) to explore a range of ways in which parental confidence in the Special Educational Needs (SEN) assessment process might be enhanced.", "The Lamb Enquiry 2009 __knowledge__ The main purpose of this enquiry was to look at better ways of including parents, giving them increased access to information and support in their child’s education, along with developing better home/school collaboration around learning.", "Thomas Knyvett College __knowledge__ Thomas Knyvett College is a small-to-medium sized mixed school with Academy Converter status (conversion to an Academy is underway during the 2014-2015 academic year) educating students aged 11–16 in Ashford, Surrey, England.", "Thomas Knyvett College __knowledge__ The college is part of the Howard Schools Trust which includes the Howard of Effingham School in Effingham in the county, the schools within which are and supported by an Executive Headteacher, the prototype arrangement of its kind in the United Kingdom.", "Thomas Knyvett College __knowledge__ A non-fee paying school, Thomas Knyvett College's funding is received predominantly via pro rata Surrey County Council annual allocation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Special education __knowledge__ Common special needs include learning disabilities (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders (such as ADHD and ADD), physical disabilities (such as Brittle Bone Disease, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal Bifida, and Frederich's Ataxia), and developmental disabilities (such as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability).", "Special education __knowledge__ Students with these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource room.", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) \"(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities.\"", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).", "Special education in the United States __knowledge__ IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The Northern Cambria School District is a small, rural, public school district located in northwestern Cambria County in Pennsylvania.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses: the borough of Northern Cambria along with Barr and Susquehanna Township.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The geographic area is just .", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 8,342.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the federal census data found the district resident population had declined to 7,898 people.", "Northern Cambria School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Northern Cambria School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.7% high school graduates and 16.2% college graduates.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The Greater Johnstown School District is the a public school district in Cambria County, Pennsylvania.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The district serves: the City of Johnstown, the Boroughs of Daisytown and East Conemaugh, and the townships of Lower Yoder, Stonycreek, and West Taylor.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ Greater Johnstown School District encompasses approximately .", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 33,566.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 27,641 people.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.4% high school graduates and 13.2% college graduates.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District is a large, suburban/rural public school district located in the Poconos of northeast Pennsylvania.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ The headquarters are located on West Main Street in the Borough of Stroudsburg in Monroe County.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ Stroudsburg Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 30,713 .", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 36,502 people, by 2015 it had declined to 35,787.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $22,137, while the median family income was $56,546.", "Stroudsburg Area School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.", "K's Kids __knowledge__ K’s Kids® is a developmental toy brand for aged 0-3, the brand has developed TOYS that provide developmental benefits to kids in their early childhood since 1997, selling to 65 countries as of 2017.", "K's Kids __knowledge__ Receiving over 100 international awards, K’s Kids toy is highly recommended by baby experts and marketers and their toys are NOT JUST TOYS but developmental tools for the young masters.", "K's Kids __knowledge__ K’s Kids develops a concept - LEARNING TRIANGLE to explain the benefits of each of their toys.", "K's Kids __knowledge__ Through PARENTS SUPPORT CENTER, a platform which contains detailed benefits of each of the K’s Kids toys, parents understand the goodies and function and learn how to make use of them to develop their kids.", "Kids Helping Kids __knowledge__ Kids Helping Kids is an entirely student run 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based out of the San Marcos High School AP Economics classes in Santa Barbara, California.", "Kids Helping Kids __knowledge__ Headed by Economics teachers Jamie DeVries and Jillian Heckman, Kids Helping Kids originally began with a student-run penny drive in 2002 and has evolved into an annual signature gala event at the Santa Barbara multimillion-dollar Granada Theatre.", "Kids Helping Kids __knowledge__ Over the course of fifteen years, students have volunteered over 10,000 hours of work, resulting in a gross of $2,500,000 raised for children in need throughout the community and abroad.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Kids for Kids __knowledge__ Kids for Kids is a British charity (not for profit) that was created in 2001 before the conflict erupted, to help children struggling to survive in remote villages in Darfur, Sudan.", "Kids for Kids __knowledge__ It is still the only charity created specifically to help the forgotten children of Darfur.", "Kids for Kids __knowledge__ It was listed in the top three UK charities for the International Development Charity of the Year at the UK Charity Awards.", "Kids for Kids __knowledge__ The charity was founded by Patricia Parker MBE to help children who are facing lives of inconceivable hardship in remote villages of Darfur.", "Kids for Kids __knowledge__ Kids for Kids provides long term self sustainable projects, identified by the communities themselves—and, uniquely, run by them.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ Here are some of Kids' WB's most notable specials: This Christmas special originally aired on Kids' WB on Monday, December 23, 2002 at 4:00 PM.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ It aired in The WB's primetime slots beforehand.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ Both entities have rebroadcast it, usually around Christmas time.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ This is the one-hour tenth-anniversary special of the \"Pokémon\" franchise, and it aired in the USA before anywhere else, even Japan.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ Kids' WB!", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ first aired on April 29, 2006 at 10:00 AM, and it was the first \"Pokémon\" program dubbed by Pokémon USA, and the only program dubbed by Pokémon USA to air on Kids' WB.", "Kids' WB Specials __knowledge__ Kids' WB ran a promotional sweepstakes during it to win merchandise." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 4 ]

[ "Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs so helping mentally handicapped people", "spec ed is the practice of educating students with special educational needs, every where has and does do it", "it depends on the needs of the kids", "Common special needs include learning disabilities (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders so any age is eligible" ]

[ "Special education", "Special education", "Special education", "Special education" ]

[ "Cruise ship\nI would really love to go on a cruise some day", "Yes! I just hope i wouldn't have sea sickness. ", "Do you know what they have on cruise ships? Do they have pools?", "How cool!", "wow! That's interesting" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ Gilmore Girls is an American comedy-drama television series, created by Amy Sherman-Palladino and starring Lauren Graham and Alexis Bledel.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show debuted on October 5, 2000 on The WB and became a flagship series for the network.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ \"Gilmore Girls\" originally ran for seven seasons, with the final season moving to The CW, and ended its run on May 15, 2007.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show's main focus is on the relationship between single mother Lorelai Gilmore and her daughter Rory, who live in Stars Hollow, Connecticut, a small fictional town filled with colorful characters.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The series explores issues of family, romance, education, friendship, disappointment, and ambition, along with generational divides and social class, the latter themes manifesting through Lorelai's difficult relationship with her high society parents, Emily and Richard, and Rory's experiences at elite schools.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The July Crisis was a diplomatic crisis among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914 that led to World War I.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Immediately after Gavrilo Princip, a Slavic nationalist, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo, a series of diplomatic manoeuvres led to an ultimatum from Austria-Hungary to the Kingdom of Serbia, and eventually to war.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The assassination had been carried out by those wishing to unite all of the territories with majority South Slavic population not already ruled by the Kingdom of Serbia or Kingdom of Montenegro.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Austria-Hungary's post-assassination ultimatum was part of a coercive program meant to weaken the Kingdom of Serbia's threat to take control of the northern Balkans and its significant Southern Slavic population, especially the Bosnian Serbs.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the television series \"Twin Peaks\", the film \"\", and the 2017 revival.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ Frank Silva was a set decorator who worked on the pilot episode.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ One day, when he was moving furniture in Laura Palmer's bedroom, a woman warned Silva not to get locked in the room.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ The image of Silva trapped in the room sparked something in Lynch, who then asked Silva if he was an actor.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ Silva said yes, and Lynch told him that he had a role in mind for him on the series.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ Silva accepted, and Lynch shot footage of him behind Laura's bed with no real idea of what he would do with it.", "List of Twin Peaks characters __knowledge__ Silva's reflection was accidentally caught in the footage of Sarah Palmer's frightening vision at the end of the pilot.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962), known professionally as Tom Cruise, is an American actor and producer.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ He started his career at age 19 in the film \"Endless Love\".", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ Since 1996, Cruise has been well known for his role as IMF agent Ethan Hunt in the \"\" film series, whose most recent film, \"\", was released in 2015.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ In 2012, Cruise was Hollywood's highest-paid actor.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ Sixteen of his films grossed over $100 million in the United States, and 23 have grossed in excess of $200 million worldwide.", "Tom Cruise __knowledge__ As of September 2017, Cruise's films have grossed more than $3.7 billion at U.S. and Canadian box offices and more than $9.0 billion worldwide, making him the eighth highest-grossing actor in North America and one of the top-grossing actors worldwide.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Tracey Emin, CBE, RA (born 3 July 1963) is an English contemporary artist known for her autobiographical and confessional artwork.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Emin produces work in a variety of media including drawing, painting, sculpture, film, photography, neon text and sewn appliqué.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ Once the \"enfant terrible\" of the Young British Artists in the 1980s, Tracey Emin is now a Royal Academician of the Royal Academy of Arts.", "Tracey Emin __knowledge__ In 1997, her work \"Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995\", a tent appliquéd with the names of everyone the artist had ever shared a bed with was shown at Charles Saatchi's \"Sensation\" exhibition held at the Royal Academy in London.", "Really Love __knowledge__ \"Really Love\" is a song performed by American neo soul singer D'Angelo (officially credited to D'Angelo and the Vanguard), issued as the first single from his third studio album \"Black Messiah\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ It was his first single since 2008's \"I Found My Smile Again\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was written by D'Angelo (credited under his real name, Michael Archer) along with Vanguard member Kendra Foster; the Spanish spoken-word segment was written and performed by Gina Figueroa.", "Really Love __knowledge__ It contains a sample of \"We the People Who Are Darker Than Blue\" by Curtis Mayfield.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was produced by D'Angelo.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The string section heard during the intro was arranged and conducted by Brent Fischer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ Motion sickness is a condition in which a disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the vestibular system's sense of movement.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ Depending on the cause, it can also be referred to as seasickness, car sickness, simulation sickness or airsickness.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ Dizziness, fatigue and nausea are the most common symptoms of motion sickness.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ Sopite syndrome, in which a person feels fatigue or tiredness, is also associated with motion sickness.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ \"Nausea\" in Greek means seasickness (\"naus\" means ship).", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ If the motion causing nausea is not resolved, the sufferer will usually vomit.", "Motion sickness __knowledge__ Vomiting often will not relieve the feeling of weakness and nausea, which means the person might continue to vomit until the cause of the nausea is treated.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ Seakeeping ability or seaworthiness is a measure of how well-suited a watercraft is to conditions when underway.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ A ship or boat which has good seakeeping ability is said to be very seaworthy and is able to operate effectively even in high sea states.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ In 1976, St. Denis suggested four principal terms needed to describe a seakeeping performance.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ These are: Clearly, a drillship and a ferry have different missions and operate in different environments.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ The performance criteria will be different as well.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ Both may be considered seaworthy, although for different reasons based on different criteria.", "Seakeeping __knowledge__ In ship design it is important to pre-determine the behavior of the ship or floating structure when it is subjected to waves.", "Simulator sickness __knowledge__ Simulator sickness is a subset of motion sickness that is typically experienced by pilots who undergo training for extended periods of time in flight simulators.", "Simulator sickness __knowledge__ Due to the spatial limitations imposed on these simulators, perceived discrepancies between the motion of the simulator and that of the vehicle can occur and lead to simulator sickness.", "Simulator sickness __knowledge__ It is similar to motion sickness in many ways, but occurs in simulated environments and can be induced without actual motion.", "Simulator sickness __knowledge__ Symptoms of simulator sickness include discomfort, apathy, drowsiness, disorientation, fatigue, vomiting, and many more.", "Simulator sickness __knowledge__ These symptoms can reduce the effectiveness of simulators in flight training and result in systematic consequences such as decreased simulator use, compromised training, ground safety, and flight safety.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ SS \"Sea Marlin\" was a Type C3-class ship Victory ship -based transport operated for the War Shipping Administration by Grace Lines during World War II.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ She was launched as C3-S-A2 hull number 401 at Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula Mississippi on Victory Fleet Day; September 27, 1943.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ Her sponsor was Mrs. D.G.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ Peattie, wife of Ingalls' Machinery Superintendent.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ Conversion to a 2,111 berth transport was completed in New Orleans on January 31, 1944.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ \"Sea Marlin\" was allocated to United States Army requirements, but contract operated.", "SS Sea Marlin __knowledge__ She sailed from her home port of New Orleans on February 9, 1944 bound for Australia and New Guinea via the Panama Canal, under the command of Merchant Marine Captain George Ekstrom.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Hercule Poirot (, ; ) is a fictional Belgian detective, created by Agatha Christie.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, appearing in 33 novels, one play (\"Black Coffee\"), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot has been portrayed on radio, in film and on television by various actors, including Austin Trevor, John Moffatt, Albert Finney, Sir Peter Ustinov, Sir Ian Holm, Tony Randall, Alfred Molina, Orson Welles, David Suchet and Sir Kenneth Branagh.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot's name was derived from two other fictional detectives of the time: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank Howel Evans' Monsieur Poiret, a retired Belgian police officer living in London.", "Advanced Passenger Train __knowledge__ The Advanced Passenger Train (APT) was a tilting high speed train developed by British Rail during the 1970s and early 1980s, for use on the West Coast Main Line (WCML).", "Advanced Passenger Train __knowledge__ The WCML contained many curves, and the APT pioneered the concept of active tilting to address these, a feature that has since appeared on designs around the world.", "Advanced Passenger Train __knowledge__ The experimental APT-E achieved a new British railway speed record on 10 August 1975 when it reached , only to be bested by the service prototype APT-P at in December 1979, a record that stood for 23 years.", "Advanced Passenger Train __knowledge__ Development of the service prototypes dragged on, and by the late 1970s the design had been under construction for a decade and the trains were still not ready for service.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ Ocean rowing is the sport of rowing across oceans.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ Ocean rowing boats can hold between 1 and 16 individuals, although the more common sizes of vessel are singles, doubles, and fours.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ The history of ocean rowing is sometimes divided into two eras.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ The first 12 ocean rows are considered \"Historic Ocean rows\" as they were completed with very limited if any modern technology.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ The subsequent rows are described as \"Modern Day rows\".", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ Despite the now regular ocean rowing races, as of the end of 2007, fewer people have rowed an ocean than have climbed Everest.", "Ocean rowing __knowledge__ The first ocean to be deliberately rowed across was the Atlantic by Frank Samuelsen and George Harbo, two Norwegians, in June 1896.", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ In Chinese history, the treasure voyages were the seven Ming-era maritime voyages of the treasure fleet between 1405 and 1433.", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ The Yongle Emperor initiated the construction of the treasure fleet in 1403.", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ The grand project resulted in seven far-reaching ocean voyages to the coastal territories and islands in and around the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, and beyond.", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ Admiral Zheng He was commissioned to command the treasure fleet for the expeditions.", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ Six of the voyages occurred during the Yongle reign (r. 1402–24), while the seventh voyage occurred under the Xuande reign (r. 1425–1435).", "Treasure voyages __knowledge__ The first three voyages reached up to Calicut on India's southwestern coast, while the fourth voyage went as far as Hormuz in the Persian Gulf.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ Nautical fiction, frequently also naval fiction, sea fiction, naval adventure fiction or maritime fiction, is a genre of literature with a setting on or near the sea, that focuses on the human relationship to the sea and sea voyages and highlights nautical culture in these environments.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ The settings of nautical fiction vary greatly, including merchant ships, liners, naval ships, fishing vessels, life boats, etc., along with sea ports and fishing villages.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ When describing nautical fiction, scholars most frequently refer to novels, novellas, and short stories, sometimes under the name of sea novels or sea stories.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"", "Starfleet Voyages __knowledge__ Starfleet Voyages is a science-fiction adventure role-playing game of planetary exploration based on the \"Star Trek\" television series.", "Starfleet Voyages __knowledge__ The game was written by Michael Scott and published by Terra Games Company in 1982 after Heritage USA (who sold an earlier Star Trek RPG) ceased operations.", "Starfleet Voyages __knowledge__ The game was sold in a 1\" thick box containing an 8\" × 11\" 74-page typewriter-set rulesbook (with errata sheets), character and spaceship data/record sheets, two 8\" × 11\" light cardstock template sheets for a starship combat game, and dice.", "Starfleet Voyages __knowledge__ \"Starfleet Voyages\" was principally set on unexplored planets within the United Federation of Planets.", "Maritime fur trade __knowledge__ The maritime fur trade was a ship-based fur trade system that focused on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and natives of Alaska.", "Maritime fur trade __knowledge__ The furs were mostly sold in China in exchange for tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and the United States.", "Maritime fur trade __knowledge__ The maritime fur trade was pioneered by Russians, working east from Kamchatka along the Aleutian Islands to the southern coast of Alaska.", "Maritime fur trade __knowledge__ British and Americans entered during the 1780s, focusing on what is now the coast of British Columbia.", "Maritime fur trade __knowledge__ The trade boomed around the beginning of the 19th century.", "Jules Verne __knowledge__ Jules Gabriel Verne ( ; ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright.", "Jules Verne __knowledge__ Verne was born in the seaport of Nantes, where he was trained to follow in his father's footsteps as a lawyer, but quit the profession early in life to write for magazines and the stage.", "Jules Verne __knowledge__ His collaboration with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel led to the creation of the \"Voyages extraordinaires\", a widely popular series of scrupulously researched adventure novels including \"Journey to the Center of the Earth\" (1864), \"Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea\" (1870), and \"Around the World in Eighty Days\" (1873)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International is a cruise line brand founded in Norway and based in Miami, Florida, United States.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ It is owned by Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. , the line is operating 24 ships, has six additional ships on order, and controls 21.9 percent of the cruise market worldwide.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ All ships under the Royal Caribbean International brand have names ending with \"of the Seas\" (e.g. )", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ a practice which began in 1991.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International was founded as Royal Caribbean Cruise Line in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies: Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The type does however include many classes of ships designed to transport substantial numbers of passengers as well as freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ Indeed, until recently virtually all ocean liners were able to transport mail, package freight and express, and other cargo in addition to passenger luggage, and were equipped with cargo holds and derricks, kingposts, or other cargo-handling gear for that purpose.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The environmental impact of shipping includes greenhouse gas emissions, acoustic, and oil pollution.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that Carbon dioxide emissions from shipping were equal to 2.2% of the global human-made emissions in 2012 and expects them to rise 50 to 250 percent by 2050 if no action is taken.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The First Intersessional Meeting of the IMO Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway on 23–27 June 2008.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ It was tasked with developing the technical basis for the reduction mechanisms that may form part of a future IMO regime to control greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, and a draft of the actual reduction mechanisms themselves, for further consideration by IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC).", "Venice __knowledge__ Venice ( ; , ; , ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.", "Venice __knowledge__ It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges, of which there are 400.", "Venice __knowledge__ The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.", "Venice __knowledge__ Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork.", "Venice __knowledge__ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a World Heritage Site.", "Venice __knowledge__ In 2014, 264,579 people resided in \"Comune di Venezia\", of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (\"Centro storico\").", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (e.g., for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships).", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes called \"liners\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ The category does not include ferries or other vessels engaged in short-sea trading, nor dedicated cruise ships where the voyage itself, and not transportation, is the prime purpose of the trip.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Nor does it include tramp steamers, even those equipped to handle limited numbers of passengers.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Some shipping companies refer to themselves as \"lines\" and their container ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as \"liners\".", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Cunard Line is a British-American cruise line based at Carnival House at Southampton, England, operated by Carnival UK and owned by Carnival Corporation & plc.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Since 2011, Cunard and its three ships have been registered in Hamilton, Bermuda.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ In 1839 Samuel Cunard, a Prince Edward Island shipowner, was awarded the first British transatlantic steamship mail contract, and the next year formed the British and North American Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company together with Robert Napier, the famous Scottish steamship engine designer and builder, to operate the line's four pioneer paddle steamers on the Liverpool–Halifax–Boston route." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ \"NME\" Cool List is an annual listing of popular musicians compiled by the weekly British music magazine \"NME\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list is created each November by the magazine's writers and journalists, and is based on the 50 musicians that they consider to be the \"coolest\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ Each year's list is first announced by \"NME\" through both a dedicated issue of their magazine and their official website, NME.com – the Cool List issue often attracts high sales.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list was first published in 2002, to highlight the people who were \"at the forefront of the music scene\" – Jack White, the lead singer of American rock band The White Stripes, topped the first poll.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool is an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in 1970 with the original line-up of Wayne Duncan (bass, vocals), Ross Hannaford (lead guitar, bass, vocals), Ross Wilson (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica) and Gary Young (drums, vocals) .", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Eagle Rock\" was released in May 1971 and stayed at number 1 on the Australian singles chart for ten weeks.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut July 1971 LP \"Daddy Who?", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool\" also reached number 1 and became the first Australian album to sell more than 100,000 copies.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their name comes from the 1957 song \"Daddy Cool\" by US rock group The Rays.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool included their version on \"Daddy Who?", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ \"Cool for the Summer\" is a song recorded by American singer Demi Lovato.", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album, \"Confident\" (2015).", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ The song was released on July 1, 2015, by Hollywood, and Island Records, and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records.", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ Lovato co-wrote \"Cool for the Summer\" with Alexander Erik Kronlund, Savan Kotecha, and the song's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami.", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ Musically, it is a pop rock song featuring electronic instrumental arrangement.", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ The song garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics.", "Cool for the Summer __knowledge__ \"Cool for the Summer\" topped the digital chart in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Lebanon, Mexico, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, as well as the top 20 in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Ireland, Slovakia, Spain, and the United States.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Phil Cool (born Philip Martin, April 1948) is a retired English comedian, impressionist and musician, perhaps best known for his television series \"Cool It\" (1985–1990), \"Cool Head\" (1991) and \"Phil Cool\" (1992).", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ He performed as a touring comedian until his retirement in 2013.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Writing for the BBC in 2003, author Mark Lewisohn said: \"Cool was an amazing talent... able to contort his features into a caricature semblance of the intended victim.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Sometimes so uncanny was this facial transformation that he didn't need traditional sketch material.\"", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Born in Chorley, Lancashire, Cool discovered that he had a skill for pulling faces when he was a 12-year-old at school.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ The RMS \"Queen Mary\" is a retired ocean liner that sailed primarily on the North Atlantic Ocean from 1936 to 1967 for the Cunard Line - known as Cunard-White Star Line when the vessel entered service.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ Built by John Brown & Company in Clydebank, Scotland, \"Queen Mary\", along with , were built as part of Cunard's planned two-ship weekly express service between Southampton, Cherbourg and New York.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ The two ships were a British response to the express superliners built by German, Italian and French companies in the late 1920s and early 1930s.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was the flagship of the Cunard Line from May 1936 until October 1946 when she was replaced in that role by \"Queen Elizabeth\".", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (e.g., for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships).", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes called \"liners\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ The category does not include ferries or other vessels engaged in short-sea trading, nor dedicated cruise ships where the voyage itself, and not transportation, is the prime purpose of the trip.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Nor does it include tramp steamers, even those equipped to handle limited numbers of passengers.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Some shipping companies refer to themselves as \"lines\" and their container ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as \"liners\".", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Cunard Line is a British-American cruise line based at Carnival House at Southampton, England, operated by Carnival UK and owned by Carnival Corporation & plc.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Since 2011, Cunard and its three ships have been registered in Hamilton, Bermuda.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ In 1839 Samuel Cunard, a Prince Edward Island shipowner, was awarded the first British transatlantic steamship mail contract, and the next year formed the British and North American Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company together with Robert Napier, the famous Scottish steamship engine designer and builder, to operate the line's four pioneer paddle steamers on the Liverpool–Halifax–Boston route.", "MS Queen Victoria __knowledge__ MS \"Queen Victoria (QV\") is a Vista-class cruise ship operated by the Cunard Line and is named after the British Monarch Queen Victoria.", "MS Queen Victoria __knowledge__ \"Queen Victoria\" is of the same basic design as other Vista-class cruise ships including \"Queen Elizabeth\".", "MS Queen Victoria __knowledge__ The external and internal designs are more in keeping with Cunard's style and at , and is the smallest of Cunard's ships in operation.", "MS Queen Victoria __knowledge__ \"Queen Victoria\"s facilities include seven restaurants, thirteen bars, three swimming pools, a ballroom, and a theatre.", "MS Queen Victoria __knowledge__ Unlike many previous Cunard ships, \"Queen Victoria\" is not a traditional ocean liner as she does not have the heavy plating throughout the hull nor the propulsion system of a dedicated transatlantic liner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Cunard Line is a British-American cruise line based at Carnival House at Southampton, England, operated by Carnival UK and owned by Carnival Corporation & plc.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ Since 2011, Cunard and its three ships have been registered in Hamilton, Bermuda.", "Cunard Line __knowledge__ In 1839 Samuel Cunard, a Prince Edward Island shipowner, was awarded the first British transatlantic steamship mail contract, and the next year formed the British and North American Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company together with Robert Napier, the famous Scottish steamship engine designer and builder, to operate the line's four pioneer paddle steamers on the Liverpool–Halifax–Boston route.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ The RMS \"Queen Mary\" is a retired ocean liner that sailed primarily on the North Atlantic Ocean from 1936 to 1967 for the Cunard Line - known as Cunard-White Star Line when the vessel entered service.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ Built by John Brown & Company in Clydebank, Scotland, \"Queen Mary\", along with , were built as part of Cunard's planned two-ship weekly express service between Southampton, Cherbourg and New York.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ The two ships were a British response to the express superliners built by German, Italian and French companies in the late 1920s and early 1930s.", "RMS Queen Mary __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was the flagship of the Cunard Line from May 1936 until October 1946 when she was replaced in that role by \"Queen Elizabeth\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (e.g., for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships).", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes called \"liners\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ The category does not include ferries or other vessels engaged in short-sea trading, nor dedicated cruise ships where the voyage itself, and not transportation, is the prime purpose of the trip.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Nor does it include tramp steamers, even those equipped to handle limited numbers of passengers.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Some shipping companies refer to themselves as \"lines\" and their container ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as \"liners\".", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ MS \"Queen Elizabeth\" is a cruise ship of the Vista class operated by the Cunard Line.", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ The design is modified from that of previous ships of that class, and slightly larger than \"Queen Victoria\", at , largely due to a more vertical stern.", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ The ship is able to carry up to 2092 passengers.", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ The ship's name was announced by Cunard on 10 October 2007.", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ Since the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008 the company has operated three vessels.", "MS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ The naming of the ship as \"Queen Elizabeth\" brings about a situation similar to that between 1940 and 1948, when Cunard's original \"Queen Elizabeth\" was in service at the same time as the Royal Navy battleship ." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 38, 53, 1 ]

[ "Its fun having an adventure on a .pleasure voyages,.", "A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship for fun seekers", "Some do,depends on the purpose why it was built. We also have the .RMS \"Queen Mary 2 ,a transatlantic ocean liner.", "Queen Elizabeth 2,QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line ,dates from 1968 to 2008", "Do you know if the titanic was a cruise ship?" ]

[ "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship" ]

[ "Janitor", "well i think that is very interesting job.", "do she do all in one day or in more then one?", "boy she was really busy, what kinds of products do she used? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Janitor __knowledge__ A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, porter, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools, and residential accommodation.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Janitors' primary responsibility is as a cleaner.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some cases, they will also carry out maintenance and security duties.", "Janitor __knowledge__ A similar position, but usually with more managerial duties and not including cleaning, is occupied by building superintendents in the United States.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Cleaning is one of the most commonly outsourced services.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Although most of the work performed by janitors and building cleaners is indoors, sometimes it can be outdoors.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Outdoors work mainly include sweeping walkways, mowing lawns, or shoveling snow.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some facilities or buildings, a separate company may be hired to do outdoor work.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Office buildings are usually cleaned when they are vacant, so most of the office janitorial staff work during the evening.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The work can be physically demanding and sometimes dirty and unpleasant.", "Janitor __knowledge__ General janitor duties often include the following tasks: In 2010, the median pay of a janitor working in the US was $10.68 per hour.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The yearly salary could grow by 11% according to the statistics of 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Janitor __knowledge__ A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, porter, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools, and residential accommodation.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Janitors' primary responsibility is as a cleaner.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some cases, they will also carry out maintenance and security duties.", "Janitor __knowledge__ A similar position, but usually with more managerial duties and not including cleaning, is occupied by building superintendents in the United States.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Cleaning is one of the most commonly outsourced services.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Although most of the work performed by janitors and building cleaners is indoors, sometimes it can be outdoors.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Outdoors work mainly include sweeping walkways, mowing lawns, or shoveling snow.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some facilities or buildings, a separate company may be hired to do outdoor work.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Office buildings are usually cleaned when they are vacant, so most of the office janitorial staff work during the evening.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The work can be physically demanding and sometimes dirty and unpleasant.", "Janitor __knowledge__ General janitor duties often include the following tasks: In 2010, the median pay of a janitor working in the US was $10.68 per hour.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The yearly salary could grow by 11% according to the statistics of 2010.", "Joan Ganz Cooney __knowledge__ Joan Ganz Cooney (born Joan Ganz; November 30, 1929) is an American television producer.", "Joan Ganz Cooney __knowledge__ She is one of the founders of Sesame Workshop (originally \"Children's Television Workshop\" or CTW), the organization famous for the creation of the children's television show \"Sesame Street\", which was also co-created by her.", "Joan Ganz Cooney __knowledge__ Cooney grew up in Phoenix, Arizona and earned a B.A.", "Joan Ganz Cooney __knowledge__ degree in education from the University of Arizona in 1951.", "Joan Ganz Cooney __knowledge__ After working for the State Department in Washington, D.C. and as a journalist in Phoenix, she worked as a publicist for television and production companies in New York City.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ Saraksh is a fictional planet described in \"Prisoners of Power (\"Обитаемый остров\")\" by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ This planet is a part of the so-called Noon Universe and presents a world that survived an atomic war.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ As a result, the surface of the planet is mostly covered with debris and junk.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ This is a great problem for the survivors since many of the old war machines still endanger those living in the regions.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ For example, in one episode of \"Prisoners of Power\" the main character's aircraft gets shot down by an old air defense system.", "Saraksh __knowledge__ Saraksh is notable for its monstrous refraction in the atmosphere.", "Distinction bias __knowledge__ Distinction bias, a concept of decision theory, is the tendency to view two options as more distinctive when evaluating them simultaneously than when evaluating them separately.", "Distinction bias __knowledge__ One writer has presented what he called \"a simplistic view\" of distinction bias: When asked if someone would like an apple, they may say \"Yes\".", "Distinction bias __knowledge__ So, an apple is placed before them and they begin to eat it and are happy.", "Distinction bias __knowledge__ But what if two apples were placed on the table - one was the one they would have happily eaten and the other which is slightly fresher looking.", "Distinction bias __knowledge__ The individual will choose the fresher apple and eat it and be happy but if asked, \"would you have enjoyed eating that other apple\", they would likely say \"No\".", "Santa Claus: The Movie __knowledge__ Santa Claus: The Movie (known on-screen as simply Santa Claus) is a 1985 British-American Christmas film starring Dudley Moore, John Lithgow, and David Huddleston in the title role.", "Santa Claus: The Movie __knowledge__ It is the last major fantasy film produced by the Paris-based father-and-son production team of Alexander and Ilya Salkind.", "Santa Claus: The Movie __knowledge__ The film was directed by Jeannot Szwarc and released in North America on November 27, 1985, by TriStar Pictures.", "Santa Claus: The Movie __knowledge__ The 2005 DVD release was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment, now known as Starz Home Entertainment, under license from the film's current owner, StudioCanal; however, the current, 25th Anniversary home video release (which also now includes Blu-ray) is by Lionsgate Home Entertainment, again under StudioCanal's license.", "William Ruckelshaus __knowledge__ William Doyle Ruckelshaus (born July 24, 1932) is an American attorney and former U.S. government official.", "William Ruckelshaus __knowledge__ He was the first head of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970, was subsequently acting Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and then Deputy Attorney General of the United States.", "William Ruckelshaus __knowledge__ During 1983 through 1985 he returned as EPA Administrator.", "William Ruckelshaus __knowledge__ Ruckelshaus was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, the son of Marion Doyle Covington and John K. Ruckelshaus.", "William Ruckelshaus __knowledge__ He is from a distinguished family with a long history of practicing law in Indianapolis and serving in Republican Party politics.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ Billy Liar is a 1963 British black-and-white CinemaScope comedy-drama film based on the 1959 novel by Keith Waterhouse.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ Directed by John Schlesinger, it stars Tom Courtenay (who had understudied Albert Finney in the West End theatre adaptation of the novel) as Billy, and Julie Christie as Liz, one of his three girlfriends.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ Mona Washbourne plays Mrs. Fisher, and Wilfred Pickles plays Mr. Fisher.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ Rodney Bewes, Finlay Currie and Leonard Rossiter also feature.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ The Cinemascope photography is by Denys Coop, and Richard Rodney Bennett supplied the score.", "Billy Liar (film) __knowledge__ The film belongs to the British New Wave (or \"kitchen sink drama\") movement, inspired by the earlier French New Wave.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The level of support for evolution among scientists, the public and other groups is a topic that frequently arises in the creation-evolution controversy and touches on educational, religious, philosophical, scientific and political issues.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The subject is especially contentious in countries where significant levels of non-acceptance of evolution by general society exist although evolution is taught at school and university.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ The overwhelming majority of the scientific community accepts evolution as the dominant scientific theory of biological diversity.", "Level of support for evolution __knowledge__ Many scientific associations have rejected the challenges to evolution proposed by ID proponents.", "ABM Industries __knowledge__ ABM Industries Inc. is a facility management provider in the United States.", "ABM Industries __knowledge__ ABM was founded in 1909 by Morris Rosenberg in San Francisco, CA as a single-person window washing business.", "ABM Industries __knowledge__ Over 100 years later, the company is one of the largest facility management providers with over 100,000 employees, over 300 offices, and 20 international locations.", "ABM Industries __knowledge__ The company performs facility services, building maintenance services, and facilitates the outsourcing of services for companies.", "ABM Industries __knowledge__ ABM Industries Incorporated primarily provides its services for commercial, industrial, government and retail clients across the United States and international locations.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ Raymond Clevie Carver Jr. (May 25, 1938 – August 2, 1988) was an American short-story writer and poet.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ Carver contributed to the revitalization of the American short story during the 1980s.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ Carver was born in Clatskanie, Oregon, a mill town on the Columbia River, and grew up in Yakima, Washington, the son of Ella Beatrice (née Casey) and Clevie Raymond Carver.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ His father, a sawmill worker from Arkansas, was a fisherman and heavy drinker.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ Carver's mother worked on and off as a waitress and a retail clerk.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ His one brother, James Franklin Carver, was born in 1943.", "Raymond Carver __knowledge__ Carver was educated at local schools in Yakima, Washington.", "Interline Brands __knowledge__ Interline Brands, Inc., headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida, is one of the largest wholesale distributors and direct marketers of maintenance, repair and operations (MRO) products for non-industrial businesses in the United States.", "Interline Brands __knowledge__ Interline Brands distributes a broad range of products such as HVAC, janitorial supplies, plumbing supplies and security supplies.", "Interline Brands __knowledge__ Interline Brands was established in 1978 formerly known as Wilmar Industries, founded by William S. Green.", "Interline Brands __knowledge__ Gradually Interline Brands diversified their customer base through the acquisitions of Sexauer, Trayco, Barnett, U.S.", "Interline Brands __knowledge__ Lock, Leran Gas Products, Maintenance USA, Hardware Express and janitorial supply distributors AmSan, CleanSource and JanPak.", "White Memorial Medical Center __knowledge__ White Memorial Medical Center is a non-profit, faith-based, teaching hospital, which provides a full range of inpatient, outpatient, emergency and diagnostic services to communities in and near downtown Los Angeles.", "White Memorial Medical Center __knowledge__ White Memorial Medical Center (WMMC) is owned and operated by Adventist Health, staffed by 1,879 employees, nearly 700 volunteers, 462 physicians, and 86 residents.", "White Memorial Medical Center __knowledge__ The Seventh-day Adventist medical center has maintained its mission of keeping the community healthy since 1913, serving more than 126,000 patients each year.", "White Memorial Medical Center __knowledge__ On September 29, 1913, the small storefront medical clinic in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Boyle Heights, opened its doors for the first time with the aid of the clinic's director, Dr. August Larsen.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Janitor __knowledge__ A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, porter, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools, and residential accommodation.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Janitors' primary responsibility is as a cleaner.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some cases, they will also carry out maintenance and security duties.", "Janitor __knowledge__ A similar position, but usually with more managerial duties and not including cleaning, is occupied by building superintendents in the United States.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Cleaning is one of the most commonly outsourced services.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Although most of the work performed by janitors and building cleaners is indoors, sometimes it can be outdoors.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Outdoors work mainly include sweeping walkways, mowing lawns, or shoveling snow.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some facilities or buildings, a separate company may be hired to do outdoor work.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Office buildings are usually cleaned when they are vacant, so most of the office janitorial staff work during the evening.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The work can be physically demanding and sometimes dirty and unpleasant.", "Janitor __knowledge__ General janitor duties often include the following tasks: In 2010, the median pay of a janitor working in the US was $10.68 per hour.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The yearly salary could grow by 11% according to the statistics of 2010.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Greg Matthews __knowledge__ Gregory Richard John \"Mo\" Matthews (born 15 December 1959 in Newcastle, New South Wales) is a former New South Wales and Australian cricket all rounder (off spin bowler and left handed batsman) who is now a television cricket commentator.", "Greg Matthews __knowledge__ When Australian cricket was in the doldrums in the mid-1980s \"his dashing batsmanship and growing ability as a spin bowler suddenly elevated Matthews to a position of a national hero\".", "Greg Matthews __knowledge__ He made centuries in times of crisis against New Zealand and India in 1985–86, took ten wickets in the Tied Test at Madras and batted well against England in 1986–87.", "Greg Matthews __knowledge__ Thereafter his career declined as the \"effervescent and unorthodox\" Matthews did not fit in with the rest of the Australian Test team.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ Andrew John Strauss, (born 2 March 1977) is a former English cricketer who played all formats of the game internationally, captaining England in all three.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ He played county cricket for Middlesex County Cricket Club domestically.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ A fluent left-handed opening batsman, Strauss favoured scoring off the back foot, mostly playing cut and pull shots.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ Strauss was also known for his fielding strength at slip or in the covers.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ He became the Director of Cricket for England cricket team in 2015, shortly before the sacking of Peter Moores.", "Andrew Strauss __knowledge__ Strauss made his first-class debut in 1998, and his One Day International (ODI) debut in Sri Lanka in 2003.", "The Pot of Gold and Other Stories __knowledge__ The Pot of Gold and Other Stories is a collection of children's short stories written by American author Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman.", "The Pot of Gold and Other Stories __knowledge__ First published in 1892 by D. Lothrop Company in Boston, the stories are set in the villages of New England.", "The Pot of Gold and Other Stories __knowledge__ Hiding beneath the child-friendly narration of these sixteen stories, Wilkins comments on New England village life and the post-Civil war woman.", "The Pot of Gold and Other Stories __knowledge__ \"The Pot of Gold\" tells the story of the Flower family, who live in a meadow across from a vast green mountain where rainbows frequently form.", "The Pot of Gold and Other Stories __knowledge__ Within the Flower family are Father and Mother Flower and their seven children, including their oldest daughter Flax Flower.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hebrew calendar __knowledge__ The Hebrew or Jewish calendar (, \"Ha-Luah ha-Ivri\") is a lunisolar calendar used today predominantly for Jewish religious observances.", "Hebrew calendar __knowledge__ It determines the dates for Jewish holidays and the appropriate public reading of Torah portions, \"yahrzeits\" (dates to commemorate the death of a relative), and daily Psalm readings, among many ceremonial uses.", "Hebrew calendar __knowledge__ In Israel, it is used for religious purposes, provides a time frame for agriculture and is an official calendar for civil purposes, although the latter usage has been steadily declining in favor of the Gregorian calendar.", "Hebrew calendar __knowledge__ The present Hebrew calendar is the product of evolution, including a Babylonian influence.", "Simon O'Donnell __knowledge__ Simon Patrick O'Donnell (born 26 January 1963) is a former Australian cricketer, VFL footballer, and horse racing and cricket commentator.", "Simon O'Donnell __knowledge__ He is currently a horse breeder.", "Simon O'Donnell __knowledge__ He is a former record holder for the fastest ODI fifty, who was first cricketer to score fifty less than 20 balls in ODI history.", "Simon O'Donnell __knowledge__ O'Donnell played as an all-rounder for Victoria in the Sheffield Shield between 1984 and 1993, scoring a century in his first match.", "Simon O'Donnell __knowledge__ He went on to play 6 Test matches in 1985, 5 on the Ashes tour of England and one at home, but with a low bowling strike rate in 5 and 4 day cricket, he was more successful in the shorter form of the game.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ Housekeeping refers to the management of duties and chores involved in the running of a household, such as cleaning, cooking, home maintenance, shopping, laundry and bill pay.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ These tasks may be performed by any of the household members, or by other persons hired to perform these tasks.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ The term is also used to refer to the money allocated for such use.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ By extension, an office or organization, as well as the maintenance of computer storage systems.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ A housekeeper is a person employed to manage a household, and the domestic staff.", "Housekeeping __knowledge__ According to the Victorian Era \"Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management\", the housekeeper is second in command in the house and \"except in large establishments, where there is a house steward, the housekeeper must consider his/herself as the immediate representative of her mistress\".", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ Parts cleaning is essential to many industrial processes, as a prelude to surface finishing or to protect sensitive components.", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ Electroplating is particularly sensitive to part cleanliness, since molecular layers of oil can prevent adhesion of the coating.", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ ASTM B322 is a standard guide for cleaning metals prior to electroplating.", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ Cleaning processes include solvent cleaning, hot alkaline detergent cleaning, electrocleaning, and acid etch.", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ The most common industrial test for cleanliness is the waterbreak test, in which the surface is thoroughly rinsed and held vertical.", "Parts cleaning __knowledge__ A quantitative measurement for this parameter is contact angle.", "Carpet cleaning __knowledge__ Carpet cleaning, for appearance, and the removal of stains, dirt, and allergens is done through several methods.", "Carpet cleaning __knowledge__ Clean carpets are recognized by manufacturers as being more visually pleasing, potentially longer-lasting, and probably healthier than poorly maintained carpets.", "Carpet cleaning __knowledge__ Although there is an actual steam cleaning industrial process, in the context of carpet cleaning, \"steam cleaning\" is, in fact, hot water soil extraction cleaning, which is professionally known as HWE.", "Carpet cleaning __knowledge__ The hot water soil extraction cleaning method uses equipment that sprays heated water, sometimes with added cleaning chemicals, on the carpet.", "Green cleaning __knowledge__ Green cleaning refers to using cleaning methods and products with environmentally friendly ingredients and procedures which are designed to preserve human health and environmental quality.", "Green cleaning __knowledge__ Green cleaning techniques and products avoid the use of products which contain toxic chemicals, some of which emit volatile organic compounds causing respiratory, dermatological and other conditions.", "Green cleaning __knowledge__ Green cleaning can also describe the way residential and industrial cleaning products are manufactured, packaged and distributed.", "Green cleaning __knowledge__ If the manufacturing process is environmentally friendly and the products are biodegradable, then the term \"\"green\"\" or \"\"eco-friendly\"\" may apply.", "Microfiber __knowledge__ Microfiber (or microfibre) is synthetic fiber finer than one denier or decitex/thread, having a diameter of less than ten micrometres.", "Microfiber __knowledge__ This is smaller than the diameter of a strand of silk (which is approximately one denier), which is itself about 1/5 the diameter of a human hair.", "Microfiber __knowledge__ The most common types of microfibers are made from polyesters, polyamides (e.g., nylon, Kevlar, Nomex, trogamide), or a conjugation of polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene.", "Microfiber __knowledge__ Microfiber is used to make mats, knits, and weaves for apparel, upholstery, industrial filters, and cleaning products.", "Microfiber __knowledge__ The shape, size, and combinations of synthetic fibers are selected for specific characteristics, including softness, toughness, absorption, water repellency, electrostatics, and filtering capabilities.", "Linear Tape-Open __knowledge__ Linear Tape-Open (LTO) is a magnetic tape data storage technology originally developed in the late 1990s as an open standards alternative to the proprietary magnetic tape formats that were available at the time.", "Linear Tape-Open __knowledge__ Hewlett Packard Enterprise, IBM and Quantum control the LTO Consortium, which directs development and manages licensing and certification of media and mechanism manufacturers.", "Linear Tape-Open __knowledge__ The standard form-factor of LTO technology goes by the name Ultrium, the original version of which was released in 2000 and can hold 100 GB of data in a cartridge.", "Linear Tape-Open __knowledge__ The eighth generation of LTO Ultrium was released in 2017 and can hold 12 TB in a cartridge of the same size.", "Ecotoxicity __knowledge__ Ecotoxicity, the subject of study of the field of ecotoxicology (a portmanteau of Ecology and Toxicology) refers to the potential for biological, chemical or physical stressors to affect ecosystems.", "Ecotoxicity __knowledge__ Such stressors might occur in the natural environment at densities, concentrations or levels high enough to disrupt the natural biochemistry, physiology, behavior and interactions of the living organisms that comprise the ecosystem.", "Ecotoxicity __knowledge__ Ecotoxicology has been defined as, \"the branch of toxicology concerned with the study of toxic effects, caused by natural or synthetic pollutants, to the constituents of ecosystems, animal (including human), vegetable and microbial, in an integral context\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Janitor __knowledge__ A janitor (American English, Scottish English), janitress (female), custodian, porter, cleaner or caretaker is a person who cleans and maintains buildings such as hospitals, schools, and residential accommodation.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Janitors' primary responsibility is as a cleaner.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some cases, they will also carry out maintenance and security duties.", "Janitor __knowledge__ A similar position, but usually with more managerial duties and not including cleaning, is occupied by building superintendents in the United States.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Cleaning is one of the most commonly outsourced services.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Although most of the work performed by janitors and building cleaners is indoors, sometimes it can be outdoors.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Outdoors work mainly include sweeping walkways, mowing lawns, or shoveling snow.", "Janitor __knowledge__ In some facilities or buildings, a separate company may be hired to do outdoor work.", "Janitor __knowledge__ Office buildings are usually cleaned when they are vacant, so most of the office janitorial staff work during the evening.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The work can be physically demanding and sometimes dirty and unpleasant.", "Janitor __knowledge__ General janitor duties often include the following tasks: In 2010, the median pay of a janitor working in the US was $10.68 per hour.", "Janitor __knowledge__ The yearly salary could grow by 11% according to the statistics of 2010.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Jack White __knowledge__ John Anthony \"Jack\" White (né Gillis; July 9, 1975) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer and actor.", "Jack White __knowledge__ He is known as the lead singer and guitarist of duo The White Stripes.", "Jack White __knowledge__ He has also had success in other bands and as a solo artist.", "Jack White __knowledge__ On April 24, 2012, White released his debut solo album, \"Blunderbuss\".", "Jack White __knowledge__ His second studio album, \"Lazaretto\", was released on June 10, 2014.", "Jack White __knowledge__ Both received wide commercial and critical acclaim.", "Jack White __knowledge__ After moonlighting in several underground Detroit bands as a drummer, White founded The White Stripes with fellow Detroit native Meg White in 1997.", "Jack White __knowledge__ Their 2001 breakthrough album, \"White Blood Cells\", brought them international fame with the hit single and accompanying music video, \"Fell in Love with a Girl\".", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ On Your Radar is the third studio album by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was released 21 November 2011 under Fascination Records.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was recorded in Los Angeles and London.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Steve Mac, who has been instrumental in the production of the band's previous albums, serves as a major collaborator.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Additional producers and songwriters include Lucas Secon, Taio Cruz, Labrinth, Tracklacers, Space Cowboy, Brian Higgins and Lucie Silvas.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album's lead single \"Notorious\" was released on 22 May 2011.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The song was compared to The Black Eyed Peas, Kelis and Rihanna, and received generally mixed reviews.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ Clarence Hudson White (April 8, 1871 – July 7, 1925) was an American photographer, teacher and a founding member of the Photo-Secession movement.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ He grew up in small towns in Ohio, where his primary influences were his family and the social life of rural America.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ After visiting the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, he took up photography.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ Although he was completely self-taught in the medium, within a few years he was internationally known for his pictorial photographs that captured the spirit and sentimentality of America in the early twentieth century.", "Clarence Hudson White __knowledge__ As he became well known for his images, White was sought out by other photographers who often traveled to Ohio to learn from him.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Manufacturing and industry in Syracuse, New York proliferated from the late 1870s through the early 20th century, a period known as the Industrial Revolution.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The Central New York area was home to a multitude of manufacturers in the late 19th century through the mid-1960s which produced a great era of prosperity for the city.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ During the early 1900s, some 87 large industries were scattered throughout the city of Syracuse.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The principal businesses were located along Erie Boulevard and the city line and around the shore of Onondaga Lake and manufactured goods such as typewriters, candles, pottery, gears, electrical and air-conditioning equipment, traffic signals, plated silverware, window fixtures for trains, cast stone building blocks, clothes-pressing machines, and doorknobs.", "Prices of production __knowledge__ Prices of production is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, defined as \"cost-price + average profit\".", "Prices of production __knowledge__ A production price can be thought of as a type of supply price for products; it refers to the price levels at which newly produced goods and services would have to be sold by the producers, in order to reach a normal, average \"profit rate\" on the \"capital\" invested to produce the products (not the same as the profit on the turnover).", "Prices of production __knowledge__ The importance of these price levels is, that a lot of other prices are based on them, or derived from them: in Marx's theory, they determine the cost structure of capitalist production.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ Oslob is a in the province of , Philippines.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ According to the , it has a population of .", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ Generally, topography of the area is hilly and rolling, dominated by open grasslands and second growth forest.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ There are fairly level and rolling plateaus and valleys spread throughout the interior.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ These are some of the most suitable areas for upland agriculture.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ The highest mountain peak is above sea level.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ The municipality of Oslob belongs to Coronas climate type III with a dry season from February to September and the wet season from October.", "Oslob, Cebu __knowledge__ Faraon clay steep phase; Medellin clay Lugo clay Oslob comprises 21 barangays: Public Markets: 2 Schools (public & private): The official festival of Oslob is the annual Toslob Festival which coincides with the feast of the Immaculate Concepcion in December.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material to have a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The Regular Army of the United States on the eve of the Civil War was essentially a frontier constabulary whose 16,000 officers and men were organized into 198 companies scattered across the nation at 79 different posts.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Emor __knowledge__ Emor ( — Hebrew for \"speak,\" the fifth word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 31st weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the Book of Leviticus.", "Emor __knowledge__ The parashah describes purity rules for priests (, \"Kohanim\"), recounts the holy days, describes the preparations for the lights and bread in the sanctuary, and tells the story of a blasphemer and his punishment.", "Emor __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes It has the most verses (although not the most letters or words) of any of the weekly Torah portions in the Book of Leviticus, and is made up of 6,106 Hebrew letters, 1,614 Hebrew words, and 124 verses and can occupy about 215 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\")." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 48, 58 ]

[ "My mother has been in janitorial work nearly all her life. She has cleaned hospitals, schools, and homes. ", "Yes. A janitor's job primarily consists of cleaning various areas, but each area requires its own special equipment and cleaning products. ", "That depends. When she was a housekeeper, she was employed to manage an entire household and a staff. These tasks kept her busy for five days a week.", "My aunt, named Rosamund, was her assistant who took care of all purchases. Most were commercial grade cleaning products. " ]

[ "Janitor", "Janitor", "Janitor", "Janitor" ]

[ "Broadway theatre", "Yes, and there are so many interesting shows right now on Broadway.", "Wow, that is really impressive! Are there some that have been running for years?", "That must make getting tickets very difficult at times! Especially for shows like Hamilton." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Marieta Morosina Priuli __knowledge__ Marieta Morosina Priuli (fl.", "Marieta Morosina Priuli __knowledge__ 1665) was an Italian composer.", "Marieta Morosina Priuli __knowledge__ She was born in Venice into the Morosina family.", "Marieta Morosina Priuli __knowledge__ Priuli published a collection of works in 1667 dedicated to the Habsburg Dowager Empress Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg entitled \"Balletti e correnti\", including five sets of pieces for three string instruments and harpsichord continuo; and eight correnti.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Festival Grec de Barcelona __knowledge__ The Festival Grec de Barcelona (or Grec Festival of Barcelona) is an international theatre, dance, music and circus festival.", "Festival Grec de Barcelona __knowledge__ Over the course of its history, this long-standing event has become a major summer attraction in Barcelona.", "Festival Grec de Barcelona __knowledge__ The festival takes its name from its main venue: an open-air theatre (the Teatre Grec) built on Mount Montjuïc for the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition.", "Festival Grec de Barcelona __knowledge__ At first, this “Greek Theatre” was the only venue used for festival productions, but, today, the Grec programme embraces many other theatres, cultural facilities and public spaces all over the city of Barcelona.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ Carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", yes TV Shows Channels (formerly stylized as yes stars) is an Israeli group of television channels which broadcasts American, British and Israeli television shows.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ As of April 5, 2016, it consists of four channels: \"yes Drama\" and \"yes Action\" air new episodes of shows in the weeknights (Sundays - Thursdays).", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ \"yes Comedy\" airs new episodes of shows in the weekends (Fridays and Saturdays).", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ \"yes Oh\" airs new episodes on weeknights.", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ The channel \"yes Real\" was canceled on January 16, 2012 and replaced with \"yes Oh\".", "Yes TV Shows Channels __knowledge__ On November 4, 2015, yes Base was discontinued.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Bruce Lazarus __knowledge__ Bruce Lazarus (born in New York City) is an entertainment attorney and theatrical producer notable for his work on Broadway and off-Broadway.", "Bruce Lazarus __knowledge__ Bruce was appointed Executive Director of Samuel French Inc. in October 2012 and is presently serving in that position.", "Bruce Lazarus __knowledge__ As Executive Director, Lazarus oversees company strategy, acquisitions, marketing, licensing and business affairs in New York, Los Angeles, and London.", "Bruce Lazarus __knowledge__ \"Samuel French matters - we matter to those who create, study and love theatre and to the future generations who will create, study and love theatre,\" Lazarus said in a statement.", "Bruce Lazarus __knowledge__ \"I am honored to be working side by side with the dedicated and passionate staff at Samuel French.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Beauty and the Beast is a musical with music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Howard Ashman and Tim Rice, and book by Linda Woolverton.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Adapted from Walt Disney Pictures' Academy Award-winning 1991 animated musical film of the same name – which in turn had been based on the classic French fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont – \"Beauty and the Beast\" tells the story of a cold-blooded prince who has been magically transformed into an unsightly creature as punishment for his selfish ways.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ To revert into his true human form, the Beast must first earn the love of a bright, beautiful young woman whom he has imprisoned in his enchanted castle before it is too late.", "Something Wicked This Way Comes (Ugly Betty) __knowledge__ \"Something Wicked This Way Comes\" is the sixth episode in season two of the dramedy series \"Ugly Betty\", and the 29th episode in the series, which aired on November 1, 2007.", "Something Wicked This Way Comes (Ugly Betty) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Henry Alonso Myers and directed by Wendey Stanzler.", "Something Wicked This Way Comes (Ugly Betty) __knowledge__ The episode takes its title from the phrase \"something wicked this way comes\", as well as the fact that this episode features the popular Broadway musical \"Wicked\" as a date venue.", "Something Wicked This Way Comes (Ugly Betty) __knowledge__ The day begins with Betty creeping down the stairs, trying to sneak out.", "Something Wicked This Way Comes (Ugly Betty) __knowledge__ Ignacio catches her and rushes her to the kitchen, as they celebrate Hilda's first week at her new salon job, so he's planned a celebration.", "Peats Ridge Festival __knowledge__ Peats Ridge Festival was an Australian sustainable arts and music festival, held in Glenworth Valley, Peats Ridge, one hour's drive north of Sydney and a 90-minute drive from Newcastle, New South Wales.", "Peats Ridge Festival __knowledge__ Established in 2004, one year after the death of the founder of the Glenworth Valley Horse Riding facility, the Festival was recognised as one of the world's leading sustainability events.", "Peats Ridge Festival __knowledge__ It ran for three days around New Year's Eve, from 29 December to 1 January.", "Peats Ridge Festival __knowledge__ The event organisers relied heavily on volunteer support, and volunteer service was rewarded with a free ticket.", "Peats Ridge Festival __knowledge__ That type of employment strategy was one of many of the sustainable options chosen by the organisers of the festival.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ 4000 Miles is a dramatic comedy by Amy Herzog.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ The play ran Off-Broadway in 2011, and again in 2012.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ The play was a finalist for the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ When Leo Joseph-Connell suffers a major loss while he was on a cross-country bike trip, he seeks solace from his feisty grandmother Vera Joseph in her West Village apartment.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ Leo's and Vera's Marxism represents the state, Tyson represents the corporation, and the characters represent the individual.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ Leo proves to have anti-heroic attributes - a taste for peyote-intoxicated kissing and drunken promiscuity.", "4000 Miles __knowledge__ All main characters except for Vera are foulmouthed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ Please note: Shakespeare Schools Festival became Shakespeare Schools Foundation in 2016.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ The Festival is the charity's flagship project.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ The Shakespeare Schools Festival is the world's largest youth drama festival.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ Schools who participate perform half-hour abridged versions of Shakespeare's plays in local, professional theatres all over the United Kingdom.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ Since its inception in 2000, it has worked with 250,000 young people and their teachers.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ Parent charity Shakespeare Schools Foundation (SSF) aims to engage children through an active way of learning.", "Shakespeare Schools Festival __knowledge__ The charity strives to bridge \"the attainment gap\" by boosting articulacy and confidence, as well as imparting key employability skills such as teamwork, peer leadership and critical thinking.", "Regional Theatre: the Revolutionary Stage __knowledge__ Regional Theatre: The Revolutionary Stage is a 1977 book by Joseph Wesley Zeigler.", "Regional Theatre: the Revolutionary Stage __knowledge__ Zeigler presents the history of how it came to be that there are professional theatres throughout the country that constitute \"an alternative to the theatre on Broadway.\"", "Regional Theatre: the Revolutionary Stage __knowledge__ The focus of his book is the Regional Theatre Movement (\"Movement\"), which took place from the 1940s through the late 1960s.", "Regional Theatre: the Revolutionary Stage __knowledge__ While local theatres, most of them amateur, existed in American towns and cities prior to the Movement, it was this development that laid the foundation for today's network of regional theatres of comparable (and often superior) professional quality and artistic vision to that found in New York City.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Croatia __knowledge__ Croatia ( ; ), officially the Republic of Croatia (, ), is a country situated at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.", "Croatia __knowledge__ Its capital city is Zagreb, which forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, along with its twenty counties.", "Croatia __knowledge__ Croatia has a total area of and a population of 4.28 million, most of whom are Roman Catholics.", "Croatia __knowledge__ The Croats arrived in the area of present-day Croatia during the early part of the 7th century AD.", "Croatia __knowledge__ They organised the state into two duchies by the 9th century.", "Croatia __knowledge__ Tomislav became the first king by 925, elevating Croatia to the status of a kingdom.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ The Broadway League, formerly the League of American Theatres and Producers and League of New York Theatres and Producers, is the national trade association for the Broadway theatre industry based in New York, New York.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Its members include theatre owners and operators, producers, presenters, and general managers in New York and more than 250 other North American cities, as well as suppliers of goods and services to the theatre industry.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Founded in 1930 primarily to counter ticket speculation and scalping, the Broadway League has expanded its mission and programs over time.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ In addition to negotiating labor agreements with 14 unions in New York City and engaging in lobbying initiatives throughout the country, the League recognizes excellent works and artists through award programs such as Tony Awards, promotes the Broadway theatre industry through audience development programs such as Kids' Night on Broadway and Viva Broadway, and provides periodical studies and industry information such as box office grosses and demographic surveys for journalists, scholars, and the general public." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The Eyes Open Tour was a concert tour by the Scottish/Northern Irish alternative rock band Snow Patrol.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ It was launched in support of the group's 2006 album \"Eyes Open\".", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The band visited numerous international venues from 2006 through 2007.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The tour is the collective name of many smaller tours and festivals Snow Patrol has played in support of their album.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The tour officially commenced on 14 February 2006 with a \"secret gig\" called SG#3.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The tour saw the band visit continents like Europe, North America, Australia and Asia.", "Eyes Open Tour __knowledge__ The band headlined on almost all dates, and various acts supported them throughout.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography \"Alexander Hamilton\" by historian Ron Chernow.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, soul music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The musical made its Off-Broadway debut at The Public Theater in February 2015, where its engagement was sold out.", "Rebel Heart Tour __knowledge__ The Rebel Heart Tour was the tenth concert tour by American singer Madonna, and was staged in support of her thirteenth studio album, \"Rebel Heart\".", "Rebel Heart Tour __knowledge__ Comprising 82 shows, the tour visited North America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania.", "Rebel Heart Tour __knowledge__ It began on September 9, 2015, in Montreal, Canada, at the Bell Centre and concluded on March 20, 2016, in Sydney, Australia at Allphones Arena.", "Rebel Heart Tour __knowledge__ It was officially announced on March 1, 2015, through Madonna's website and was led by Live Nation Entertainment's Global Touring Division, helmed by Arthur Fogel; this was the fifth collaboration between Madonna and Live Nation as well her third tour to be promoted by the company.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ Best of Both Worlds Tour was the debut concert tour by American recording artist Miley Cyrus.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ The tour was held to promote the double-disc album \"\" (2007), which consisted of the soundtrack to \"Hannah Montana\"s second season and her debut studio album.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ It initiated in October 2007 and concluded in January 2008, visiting cities in the United States and Canada.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ The tour was promoted by AEG Live and Buena Vista Concerts.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ Labelmates the Jonas Brothers, Aly & AJ, and Everlife each served as opening act during the tour.", "Best of Both Worlds Tour __knowledge__ One dollar from each ticket sold was donated to the City of Hope National Medical Center, an organization devoted to the fight against cancer.", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ The Victory Tour was a concert tour of the United States and Canada by Michael Jackson and the Jackson family between July and December 1984.", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ It was the only tour with all six Jackson brothers (even though Jackie was injured for most of the tour).", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ The group performed 55 concerts to an audience of approximately 2 million.", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ Most came to see Michael, whose album \"Thriller\" was dominating the popular music world at the time.", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ Many consider it to be his \"Thriller\" tour, with most of the songs on the set list coming off of his \"Off the Wall\" album and from the \"Thriller\" album.", "Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) __knowledge__ The tour reportedly grossed approximately $75 million (US$ in dollars) and set a new record for the highest grossing tour.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The Price Is Right is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart, Mark Goodson and Bill Todman.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show revolves around contestants competing to identify accurate pricing of merchandise to win cash and prizes.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Contestants are selected from the studio audience when the announcer proclaims the show's famous catchphrase, \"Come on down!\"", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program premiered on September 4, 1972 on CBS.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Bob Barker was the series' longest-running host from its 1972 debut until his retirement in June 2007, when Drew Carey took over.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Barker was accompanied by a series of announcers, beginning with Johnny Olson, followed by Rod Roddy and then Rich Fields.", "Off-Broadway __knowledge__ An Off-Broadway theatre is a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 100 and 499.", "Off-Broadway __knowledge__ These theatres are smaller than Broadway theatres, but larger than Off-Off-Broadway theatres, which seat fewer than 100.", "Off-Broadway __knowledge__ An \"Off-Broadway production\" is a production of a play, musical or revue that appears in such a venue and adheres to related trade union and other contracts.", "Off-Broadway __knowledge__ Shows that premiere Off-Broadway are sometimes subsequently produced on Broadway.", "Off-Broadway __knowledge__ Originally referring to the location of a venue and its productions on a street intersecting Broadway in Manhattan's Theater District, the hub of the theatre industry in New York, the term later became defined by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers as a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 100 and 499, or a specific production that appears in such a venue, and which adheres to related trade union and other contracts.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ The Broadway League, formerly the League of American Theatres and Producers and League of New York Theatres and Producers, is the national trade association for the Broadway theatre industry based in New York, New York.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Its members include theatre owners and operators, producers, presenters, and general managers in New York and more than 250 other North American cities, as well as suppliers of goods and services to the theatre industry.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Founded in 1930 primarily to counter ticket speculation and scalping, the Broadway League has expanded its mission and programs over time.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ In addition to negotiating labor agreements with 14 unions in New York City and engaging in lobbying initiatives throughout the country, the League recognizes excellent works and artists through award programs such as Tony Awards, promotes the Broadway theatre industry through audience development programs such as Kids' Night on Broadway and Viva Broadway, and provides periodical studies and industry information such as box office grosses and demographic surveys for journalists, scholars, and the general public.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club __knowledge__ La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club (La MaMa E.T.C.)", "La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club __knowledge__ is an off-Broadway theatre founded in 1961 by Ellen Stewart, and named in reference to her.", "La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club __knowledge__ Located on Manhattan's Lower East Side, the theatre grew out of Stewart's tiny basement boutique for her fashion designs; the boutique's space acted as a theatre for fledgling playwrights at night.", "La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club __knowledge__ La MaMa has evolved during its over fifty-year history into a world-renowned cultural institution.", "La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club __knowledge__ In its earliest days, La MaMa was a theatre dedicated to the playwright, encouraging young playwrights and primarily producing new plays, including works by Paul Foster, Jean-Claude van Itallie, Lanford Wilson, Sam Shepard, Adrienne Kennedy, Harvey Fierstein, and Rochelle Owens.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ Stage 42, formerly the Little Shubert Theatre, is a theatre in New York City, about half a mile west of Broadway.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ Its address is 422 West 42nd Street between 9th Avenue and Dyer Avenue.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ It was built in 2002 and has a seating capacity of 499.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ It was renamed in 2015.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ The Little Shubert was the first Off-Broadway theatre in New York built from the ground up, and the first to be owned by the Shubert Organization.", "Stage 42 __knowledge__ Built as part of a residential tower and opened in 2002, the Little Shubert was the first new theatre built by the Shubert Organization in New York City since 1928, when the Ethel Barrymore opened on West 47th Street." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Broadway seems so cool, I love theatre.", "Broadway is also made up of 41 professional theatres.", "Most of these broadway theatres have over 500 seats too.", "Oh I'm sure, since Broadway is really popular and expensive too to get into any of the 41 professional theatres." ]

[ "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre" ]

[ "Coco Chanel\nhello, since I was young i loved fashion", "same here i remember my mom have a bottle of coco chanel", "when younger I always thought their clothes were so old fashion but now i find they fit my style", "i do love their shoes too, but it is hard to find size 11 in man size ;)" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Gabrielle Bonheur \"Coco\" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and businesswoman.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She was the founder and namesake of the Chanel brand.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Along with Paul Poiret, Chanel was credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the \"corseted silhouette\" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realising her design aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Her signature scent, Chanel No.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ 5, has become an iconic product.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She is the only fashion designer listed on \"TIME\" magazine's .", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel designed her iconic interlocked-CC monogram, meaning Coco Chanel, using it since the 1920s.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel was known for her lifelong determination, ambition, and energy which she applied to her professional and social life.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She both achieved financial success as a businesswoman and catapulted to social prominence in French high society, thanks to the connections she made through her work.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ These included many artists and craftspeople to whom she became a patron.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel's social connections appeared to encourage a highly conservative personal outlook.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ Albert Sauveur (21 June 1863 – 26 January 1939) was an American Metallurgist, originally from Belgium.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ Sauveur was born in Leuven, Belgium.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ He studied at Athénée Royal in Brussels, then the School of Mines, Liege and graduated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1889.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ Sauveur founded the first metallographic laboratory in a university.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ From 1924 to 1939, he held the \"Gordon McKay Professor of Mining and Metallurgy\" title at Harvard University.", "Albert Sauveur __knowledge__ From 1939 on, ASM International started bestowing the \"Albert Sauveur Achievement Award\", for achievements in materials science and engineering.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ Alisa Marie Bellettini (October 1, 1954 – February 16, 2016) was an American television producer.", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ In 1989, Bellettini created the landmark MTV television series, \"House of Style\".", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ The series, originally hosted by supermodel Cindy Crawford, brought together fashion, modeling, music and pop culture.", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ Bellettini produced the original run of the series, which aired on MTV for 78 episodes from 1989 to 2000.", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ \"House of Style\", which brought together fashion and music, debuted on MTV in 1989.", "Alisa Bellettini __knowledge__ In an interview for the 2012 MTV oral history book, \"\"I Want My MTV: The Uncensored Story of the Music Video Revolution\",\" Belletini recalled her original vision for the series, \"I wanted to do a show about music and fashion because I loved fashion, and at the time, MTV was driven by music.\"", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Gabrielle Bonheur \"Coco\" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and businesswoman.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She was the founder and namesake of the Chanel brand.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Along with Paul Poiret, Chanel was credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the \"corseted silhouette\" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realising her design aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Her signature scent, Chanel No.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ 5, has become an iconic product.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She is the only fashion designer listed on \"TIME\" magazine's .", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel designed her iconic interlocked-CC monogram, meaning Coco Chanel, using it since the 1920s.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel was known for her lifelong determination, ambition, and energy which she applied to her professional and social life.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She both achieved financial success as a businesswoman and catapulted to social prominence in French high society, thanks to the connections she made through her work.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ These included many artists and craftspeople to whom she became a patron.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel's social connections appeared to encourage a highly conservative personal outlook.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. (; ) is a French, privately held company owned by Alain Wertheimer and Gérard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the \"couturière\" Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. is a high fashion house that specializes in haute couture and ready-to-wear clothes, luxury goods and fashion accessories.", "Chanel __knowledge__ In her youth, Gabrielle Chanel gained the nickname \"Coco\" from her time as a chanteuse.", "Chanel __knowledge__ As a fashion designer, Coco Chanel catered to women’s taste for elegance in dress, with blouses and suits, trousers and dresses, and jewellry (gemstone and bijouterie) of simple design, that replaced the opulent, over-designed, and constrictive clothes and accessories of 19th-century fashion.", "Chanel No. 5 __knowledge__ Chanel No.", "Chanel No. 5 __knowledge__ 5 is the first perfume launched by French couturier Gabrielle \"Coco\" Chanel.", "Chanel No. 5 __knowledge__ The chemical formula for the fragrance was compounded by French-Russian chemist and perfumer Ernest Beaux.", "Chanel No. 5 __knowledge__ Traditionally, fragrance worn by women had adhered to two basic categories: respectable women favored the pure essence of a single garden flower, and sexually provocative perfumes heavy with animal musk or jasmine were associated with women of the demi-monde, prostitutes or courtesans.", "Chanel No. 5 __knowledge__ Chanel felt the time was right for the debut of a scent that would epitomize the flapper and would speak to the liberated spirit of the 1920s.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky is a 2009 French film directed by Jan Kounen.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ It was chosen as the Closing Film of the 2009 Cannes Film Festival, and was shown on 24 May 2009.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ \"Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky\" is based on the 2002 fictional novel \"Coco and Igor\" by Chris Greenhalgh and traces a rumoured affair between Coco Chanel and Igor Stravinsky in Paris in 1920, the year that Chanel No.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ 5 was created.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ Greenhalgh also wrote the screenplay for the film.", "Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky __knowledge__ Chanel and its current chief designer Karl Lagerfeld lent their support to the production; they granted access to the company's archives and to Coco Chanel's apartment at 31, rue Cambon, Paris.", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ Ernest Beaux (8 December 1881 – 9 June 1961) was a Russian-born French perfumer who is best known for creating Chanel No.", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ 5, which is perhaps the world's most famous perfume.", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ Born in Moscow, Ernest Beaux was the son of Edouard Hyppolite Beaux (1835–1899) and Augustine Wilgemina Misfeld (1843–1906), second wife of Edouard Hyppolite Beaux (1835–1899), who was originally from Lille, France.", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ Ernest Beaux's grandmother, Jeanne-Cléophée Beaux (1810–1882), had come to Russia at the beginning of the 1840s.", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ Édouard-Hyppolyte was her son with Jean Joseph Messinger (1810–1848).", "Ernest Beaux __knowledge__ Edouard Francois Beaux (1862–?", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ Paul Iribe (8 June 1883 – 21 September 1935) was a French illustrator, and designer in the decorative arts.", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ He worked in Hollywood during the Twenties and was Coco Chanel's lover from 1931 to his death.", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ Joseph Paul Iribe was born in Angoulême, France in 1883, of a father born in Pau (Béarn), Jules Jean Iribe (1836-1914).", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ Iribe received his education in Paris.", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ From 1908 to 1910 he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts and the College Rollin.", "Paul Iribe __knowledge__ At age seventeen Iribe provided illustrations for the popular \"L'Assiette au Beurre\" and also contributed drawings and caricatures for French satirical papers such as \"Le Rire\", \"Le Sourire\", and \"La Baïonnette\".", "List of Scream Queens characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the Fox black comedy horror series \"Scream Queens\".", "List of Scream Queens characters __knowledge__ The first season focuses on the Kappa Kappa Tau sorority in Wallace University, led by Chanel Oberlin (Emma Roberts), that is being targeted by a serial killer who uses the Red Devil mascot uniform.", "List of Scream Queens characters __knowledge__ The second season focuses on the murder spree committed by another serial killer using a Green Meanie costume at the C.U.R.E.", "List of Scream Queens characters __knowledge__ institute, a new hospital where Chanel and her friends work.", "List of Scream Queens characters __knowledge__ Chanel Oberlin (Emma Roberts) is the incredibly egotistical, uncaring, self-centered queen bee and sociopathic president of Kappa Kappa Tau at Wallace University.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Gabrielle Bonheur \"Coco\" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and businesswoman.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She was the founder and namesake of the Chanel brand.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Along with Paul Poiret, Chanel was credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the \"corseted silhouette\" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realising her design aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Her signature scent, Chanel No.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ 5, has become an iconic product.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She is the only fashion designer listed on \"TIME\" magazine's .", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel designed her iconic interlocked-CC monogram, meaning Coco Chanel, using it since the 1920s.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel was known for her lifelong determination, ambition, and energy which she applied to her professional and social life.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She both achieved financial success as a businesswoman and catapulted to social prominence in French high society, thanks to the connections she made through her work.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ These included many artists and craftspeople to whom she became a patron.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel's social connections appeared to encourage a highly conservative personal outlook.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Chinawal __knowledge__ Chinawal is a village in the Jalgaon district of Maharashtra state, India.", "Chinawal __knowledge__ It is situated at the foothills of the Satpura range in a generally hot and dry climate.", "Chinawal __knowledge__ The densely populated village is surrounded by the flat land and nutrient-rich black soil.", "Chinawal __knowledge__ The flora and fauna of Chinawal have been impacted by the human habitation and cultivation of the land, but non-human life like neem trees, tree squirrels and graculas can still be found in and around the village.", "Chinawal __knowledge__ Using modern methods of the agriculture and agronomic practices, villagers of the Chinawal village have achieved a high growth rate of agriculture produce especially of bananas which is noted by the Government of Maharashtra and various other institutions.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Dame Anna Wintour (; born 3 November 1949) is a British-American journalist and editor.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ She has been editor-in-chief of \"Vogue\" since 1988.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ In 2013, she became artistic director for Condé Nast, \"Vogue\"'s publisher.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ With her trademark pageboy bob haircut and dark sunglasses, Wintour has become an important figure in much of the fashion world, widely praised for her eye for fashion trends and her support for younger designers.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Her reportedly aloof and demanding personality has earned her the nickname \"Nuclear Wintour\".", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ The eldest daughter of Charles Wintour, editor of the London \"Evening Standard\" (1959–76), her father consulted her on how to make the newspaper relevant to the youth of the era.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, hairstyle and body.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a distinctive and often constant trend in the style in which a person dresses.", "Fashion __knowledge__ It is the prevailing styles in behaviour and the newest creations of textile designers.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Because the more technical term \"costume\" is regularly linked to the term \"fashion\", the use of the former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while \"fashion\" generally means clothing, including the study of it.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are androgynous.", "Denise Huxtable __knowledge__ Denise Huxtable Kendall is a fictional character who appears on the American sitcom \"The Cosby Show\" (1984 – 1991), portrayed by actress Lisa Bonet.", "Denise Huxtable __knowledge__ Denise also stars in the first season of its spin-off sitcom, \"A Different World\" (1987).", "Denise Huxtable __knowledge__ The second-born child of Cliff and Clair Huxtable, Denise is known for her eccentric clothing and free-spirited, rebellious nature, earning her a reputation as the Huxtable family's wild child.", "Denise Huxtable __knowledge__ Alternating between being a regular and recurring character, Denise appears on the sitcom on-and-off throughout its eight-year run, from its pilot \"Theo's Economic Lesson\" to the seventh season episode \"Cliff and Jake\", for a total of 98 episodes, after which Bonet departed for the remainder of the series.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Norman Hartnell __knowledge__ Sir Norman Bishop Hartnell, KCVO (12 June 1901 – 8 June 1979) was a leading British fashion designer, best known for his work for the ladies of the Royal Family.", "Norman Hartnell __knowledge__ Hartnell gained the Royal Warrant as Dressmaker to Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother in 1940; and Royal Warrant as Dressmaker to Queen Elizabeth II in 1957.", "Norman Hartnell __knowledge__ Hartnell is famous as the man who made London a viable twentieth century fashion centre during the inter-war years.", "Norman Hartnell __knowledge__ Born to an upwardly mobile family in Streatham, in southwest London, his parents were then publicans and owners of the prophetically named Crown & Sceptre, at the top of Streatham Hill.", "Sportswear (fashion) __knowledge__ Sportswear is an American fashion term originally used to describe separates, but which, since the 1930s, has come to be applied to day and evening fashions of varying degrees of formality that demonstrate a specific relaxed approach to their design, while remaining appropriate for a wide range of social occasions.", "Sportswear (fashion) __knowledge__ The term is not necessarily synonymous with activewear, clothing designed specifically for participants in sporting pursuits.", "Sportswear (fashion) __knowledge__ Although sports clothing was available from European haute couture houses and \"sporty\" garments were increasingly worn as everyday or informal wear, the early American sportswear designers were associated with ready-to-wear manufacturers.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ The 1960s featured a number of diverse trends.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ It was a decade that broke many fashion traditions, mirroring social movements during the time.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Around the middle of the decade, fashions arising from small pockets of young people in a few urban centres received large amounts of media publicity, and began to heavily influence both the \"haute couture\" of elite designers and the mass-market manufacturers.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Examples include the mini skirt, culottes, go-go boots, and more experimental fashions, less often seen on the street, such as box-shaped PVC dresses and other PVC clothes.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Mary Quant popularised the mini skirt, and Jackie Kennedy introduced the pillbox hat; both became extremely popular.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ Fashion and clothing in the Philippines refers to the way the people of Filipino society dress up in instances such as while they are at home, at work, travelling and when attending special occasions.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ The clothing style and fashion sense of the Filipinos in the modern-day era have been influenced by their native ancestors: their Spanish colonizers (the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire for around 300 years), the Americans (the Philippines was a territory of the United States for about 50 years), and even the Japanese (Japanese soldiers occupied the Philippines during World War II), as evidenced by the chronology of events that occurred in Philippine history.", "Dress shirt __knowledge__ A dress shirt, button shirt, button-front, button-front shirt, or button-up shirt is a garment with a collar and a full-length opening at the front, which is fastened using buttons or shirt studs.", "Dress shirt __knowledge__ A button-down or button-up shirt is a dress shirt which has a button-down collar – a collar having the ends fastened to the shirt with buttons.", "Dress shirt __knowledge__ Dress shirts are normally made from woven cloth, and are often accompanied by a jacket, collar sleeve, and tie, for example with a suit or formalwear, but shirts are also worn more casually.", "Dress shirt __knowledge__ In British English, \"dress shirt\" (\"formal shirts,\" or \"tuxedo shirts\" in American English) means specifically the more formal evening garment worn with black- or white-tie." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Gabrielle Bonheur \"Coco\" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and businesswoman.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She was the founder and namesake of the Chanel brand.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Along with Paul Poiret, Chanel was credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the \"corseted silhouette\" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realising her design aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Her signature scent, Chanel No.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ 5, has become an iconic product.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She is the only fashion designer listed on \"TIME\" magazine's .", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel designed her iconic interlocked-CC monogram, meaning Coco Chanel, using it since the 1920s.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel was known for her lifelong determination, ambition, and energy which she applied to her professional and social life.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ She both achieved financial success as a businesswoman and catapulted to social prominence in French high society, thanks to the connections she made through her work.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ These included many artists and craftspeople to whom she became a patron.", "Coco Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel's social connections appeared to encourage a highly conservative personal outlook.", "Man Size Love __knowledge__ \"Man Size Love\" is a song recorded by Klymaxx for the MCA label that appears in the 1986 film \"Running Scared\".", "Man Size Love __knowledge__ Produced by Dick Rudolph, Bruce Swedien, and Rod Temperton, who also wrote \"Man Size Love,\" the song was released as the first single from Klymaxx's self-titled fifth album; it also appears on the \"Running Scared\" soundtrack album.", "Man Size Love __knowledge__ \"Man Size Love\" reached #15 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, #43 on the publication's R&B chart, and #18 on its dance chart, helping the \"Klymaxx\" LP reach gold status.", "KPMG tax shelter fraud __knowledge__ The KPMG tax shelter fraud scandal involves allegedly illegal U.S. tax shelters by KPMG that were exposed beginning in 2003.", "KPMG tax shelter fraud __knowledge__ In early 2005, the United States member firm of KPMG International, KPMG LLP, was accused by the United States Department of Justice of fraud in marketing abusive tax shelters.", "KPMG tax shelter fraud __knowledge__ Under a deferred prosecution agreement, KPMG LLP admitted criminal wrongdoing in creating fraudulent tax shelters to help wealthy clients dodge $2.5 billion in taxes and agreed to pay $456 million in penalties.", "KPMG tax shelter fraud __knowledge__ KPMG LLP will not face criminal prosecution as long as it complies with the terms of its agreement with the government.", "Ruby slippers __knowledge__ The ruby slippers are the magic pair of shoes worn by Dorothy Gale as played by Judy Garland in the classic 1939 MGM musical movie \"The Wizard of Oz\".", "Ruby slippers __knowledge__ Because of their iconic stature, the ruby slippers are now considered among the most treasured and valuable items of film memorabilia.", "Ruby slippers __knowledge__ As is customary for important props, a number of pairs were made for the film, though the exact number is unknown.", "Ruby slippers __knowledge__ Five pairs are known to have survived; one pair was stolen in August 2005 and has never been recovered.", "Ruby slippers __knowledge__ In L. Frank Baum's original novel, \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\" (1900), on which the film is based, Dorothy wears Silver Shoes.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ Seed beads or rocailles are uniformly shaped, spheroidal beads ranging in size from under a millimeter to several millimeters.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ \"Seed bead\" is also a generic term for any small bead.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ Usually rounded in shape, seed beads are most commonly used for loom and off-loom bead weaving.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ They may be used for simple stringing, or as spacers between other beads in jewelry.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ Larger seed beads are used in various fiber crafts for embellishment, or crochet with fiber or soft, flexible wire.", "Seed bead __knowledge__ The largest size of a seed bead is 1° (\"one-aught\", sometimes written 1/0) and the smallest is 24°, about the size of a grain of sand.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ The Big Empty is a 2003 drama film directed and written by Steve Anderson.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ It stars Jon Favreau as a struggling actor with a bizarre request from his neighbor to deliver a suitcase that he cannot open.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ While there, he meets an unusual cast of characters, and starts to think this delivery might be more than it seems.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ John Person (his stage name) is an out-of-work actor living in Los Angeles, with credit card debt of almost $28,000.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ Across the hall from him lives his friend, Grace.", "The Big Empty (2003 film) __knowledge__ One night, his nebbish neighbor Neely, who wears a neck brace, invades his apartment with an unusual request: deliver a large blue suitcase to the truck stop of Baker, California, where it will be picked up by a man named \"Cowboy\", for which he will be given $25,000.", "Korean Air Lines Flight 007 __knowledge__ Korean Air Lines Flight 007 (also known as KAL007 and KE007) was a scheduled Korean Air Lines flight from New York City to Seoul via Anchorage, Alaska.", "Korean Air Lines Flight 007 __knowledge__ On September 1, 1983, the South Korean airliner serving the flight was shot down by a Soviet Su-15 interceptor.", "Korean Air Lines Flight 007 __knowledge__ The Boeing 747 airliner was en route from Anchorage to Seoul, but deviated from its original planned route and flew through Soviet prohibited airspace around the time of a U.S. aerial reconnaissance mission.", "Korean Air Lines Flight 007 __knowledge__ The Soviet Air Force treated the unidentified aircraft as an intruding U.S. spy plane, and proceeded to destroy it with air-to-air missiles, after firing warning shots which were likely not seen by the KAL pilots.", "Shoe __knowledge__ A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion.", "Shoe __knowledge__ The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Additionally, fashion has often dictated many design elements, such as whether shoes have very high heels or flat ones.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Contemporary footwear in the 2010s varies widely in style, complexity and cost.", "Shoe __knowledge__ Basic sandals may consist of only a thin sole and simple strap and be sold for a low cost.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ L.A.M.B.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ is a fashion line by American singer Gwen Stefani, the lead vocalist of the rock band No Doubt.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ The line manufactures apparel and fashion accessories.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ It was founded in 2003 and made its runway debut in 2004.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ The fashion line manufactures accessories like shoes, watches, bags and a fragrance called \"L.\" The name is an acronym of her debut solo album \"Love.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ Angel.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ Music.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ Baby\".", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ The line was influenced by a variety of cultures fashions, including Guatemalan, Japanese, Indian and Jamaican styles.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ Stefani came from a family of seamstresses.", "L.A.M.B. __knowledge__ This further inspired her to launch her own fashion line.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. (; ) is a French, privately held company owned by Alain Wertheimer and Gérard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the \"couturière\" Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. is a high fashion house that specializes in haute couture and ready-to-wear clothes, luxury goods and fashion accessories.", "Chanel __knowledge__ In her youth, Gabrielle Chanel gained the nickname \"Coco\" from her time as a chanteuse.", "Chanel __knowledge__ As a fashion designer, Coco Chanel catered to women’s taste for elegance in dress, with blouses and suits, trousers and dresses, and jewellry (gemstone and bijouterie) of simple design, that replaced the opulent, over-designed, and constrictive clothes and accessories of 19th-century fashion.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Anna Sui (Traditional Chinese: 蕭志美, Simplified: 萧志美, pinyin: Xiāo Zhìměi, Japanese: アナスイ) (born August 4, 1952) is an American fashion designer from Detroit.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ She was named one of the \"Top 5 Fashion Icons of the Decade\" and in 2009 earned the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA), joining the ranks of Yves Saint Laurent, Giorgio Armani, Ralph Lauren, and Diane von Furstenberg.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Her brand categories include several fashion lines, footwear, cosmetics, fragrances, eyewear, jewelry, accessories, home goods and a gifts line.", "Anna Sui __knowledge__ Anna Sui products are sold through her free-standing stores and distributors around the world in over 50 countries.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ Longchamp is a French luxury leather goods company, founded in Paris in 1948 by Jean Cassegrain.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ Jean Cassegrain produced the world's first luxury leather-covered pipes, then expanded into small leather goods, such as wallets, passport covers... Longchamp launched its first women handbag in 1971 and became one of France's leading leather goods makers.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ The company's real breakthrough came with the use of nylon.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Longchamp created a leather and nylon fabric luggage collection.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ For the first time, luggage were light, contrary to the overweight suitcases usually sold at that time.", "Longchamp (company) __knowledge__ This innovation led the company to design a women's handbag known throughout the world: Le Pliage, few decades later.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ Jewellery (British English) or jewelry (American English) consists of small decorative items worn for personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, pendants and bracelets.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ Jewellery may be attached to the body or the clothes, and the term is restricted to durable ornaments, excluding flowers for example.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ For many centuries metal, often combined with gemstones, has been the normal material for jewellery, but other materials such as shells and other plant materials may be used.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest type of archaeological artefact – with 100,000-year-old beads made from \"Nassarius\" shells thought to be the oldest known jewellery.", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Christian Dior SE (), commonly known as Dior, is a European luxury goods company controlled and chaired by French businessman Bernard Arnault, who also heads LVMH – the world's largest luxury group.", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Dior itself holds 42.36% shares of and 59.01% voting rights within LVMH.", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 by the eponymous designer Christian Dior, today the company designs and retails ready-to-wear, leather goods, fashion accessories, footwear, jewelry, timepieces, fragrance, make-up, and skincare products while also maintaining its tradition as a creator of recognized haute-couture (under the \"Christian Dior Couture\" division)." ] ]

[ 5, 3, 4, 9 ]

[ "I do too. The first designer I ever remember was Coco Chanel. My aunt gave me a bottle of her scent, Chanel No. 5 and I've loved the brand ever since!", "I also loved how her clothing wasn't constrained and more casual and sporty than the other designers of her day.", "Same here. And she didn't just design clothing, but jewellery and handbags too. And, of course, her signature fragrance.", "I can imagine it would be. Perhaps if we had Chanel's drive and determination we could find some. She had such energy!" ]

[ "Coco Chanel", "Coco Chanel", "Coco Chanel", "Coco Chanel" ]

[ "Tomato", "Why don't you like tomatoes?", "What is it about tomato sauce that makes it different from regular tomatoes?", "How do you feel about tomato soup?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture, the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent.", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ Terrestrial plants may be grown with only their roots exposed to the mineral solution, or the roots may be supported by an inert medium, such as perlite or gravel.", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ The nutrients in hydroponics can come from an array of different sources; these can include but are not limited to byproduct from fish waste, duck manure, or \"normal nutrients\".", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ The earliest published work on growing terrestrial plants without soil was the 1627 book \"Sylva Sylvarum\" or \"A Natural History\" by Francis Bacon, printed a year after his death.", "Market garden __knowledge__ A market garden is the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants.", "Market garden __knowledge__ The diversity of crops grown on a small area of land, typically, from under one acre (0.4 ha) to a few acres, or sometimes in greenhouses distinguishes it from other types of farming.", "Market garden __knowledge__ Such a farm on a larger scale is sometimes called a truck farm.", "Market garden __knowledge__ A market garden is a business that provides a wide range and steady supply of fresh produce through the local growing season.", "Market garden __knowledge__ Unlike large, industrial farms, which practice monoculture and mechanization, many different crops and varieties are grown and more manual labor and gardening techniques are used.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ The Taktouka () is a traditional Moroccan Arabian salad composed of tomatoes, apples, lettuce, onions, grilled paprika and olive oil.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ The Taktouka salad is a fresh salad composed of fresh vegetables like tomatoes, onions, paprika's, but also pepers and lemon if liked.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ The salad can be prepared by grinding all the ingredients together, or by cutting them in small pieces.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ The salad is consumed during all seasons of the year.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ It is prepared in a form of a Mezze, together with other dishes.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ The salad can be served semi-warm or as a cold dish.", "Taktouka __knowledge__ Dishes you can pair this salad with are tajines and chermoula dishes.", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ Nitrogen assimilation is the formation of organic nitrogen compounds like amino acids from inorganic nitrogen compounds present in the environment.", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ Organisms like plants, fungi and certain bacteria that cannot fix nitrogen gas (N) depend on the ability to assimilate nitrate or ammonia for their needs.", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ Other organisms, like animals, depend entirely on organic nitrogen from their food.", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ Plants absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO) and ammonium (NH).", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ In aerobic soils where nitrification can occur, nitrate is usually the predominant form of available nitrogen that is absorbed.", "Nitrogen assimilation __knowledge__ However this need not always be the case as ammonia can predominate in grasslands and in flooded, anaerobic soils like rice paddies.", "Canary Islands __knowledge__ The Canary Islands (; , ) also known as the Canaries (), are an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain located on the Atlantic Ocean, west of Morocco at the closest.", "Canary Islands __knowledge__ The Canaries are among the outermost regions (OMR) of the European Union proper.", "Canary Islands __knowledge__ It is also one of the eight regions with special consideration of historical nationality recognized as such by the Spanish Government.", "Canary Islands __knowledge__ The seven main islands are (from largest to smallest in area) Tenerife, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, La Palma, La Gomera and El Hierro.", "Canary Islands __knowledge__ The archipelago includes much smaller islands and islets: La Graciosa, Alegranza, Isla de Lobos, Montaña Clara, Roque del Oeste and Roque del Este.", "Machame __knowledge__ Machame is an area on the south-western slope of Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.", "Machame __knowledge__ Historically, she was in 1889 referred by Hans Meyer as a great African giant, also the largest and most populous of all the Chagga states in Kilimanjaro, whose ruler as early as 1849 was reckoned as a giant African king with influence extending throughout all Chagga states except Rombo.", "Machame __knowledge__ By the 1860s, a German explorer Von der Decken (popularly known to the Chagga as Baroni), presented Machame as a confederation of western Chagga states comprising Narumu, Kindi, Kombo, to as far as the Western end of Kibongoto, each with their own chiefs under the king of Machame.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy is either any of the basic components or the cured end products of epoxy resins, as well as a colloquial name for the epoxide functional group.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ Epoxy resins may be reacted (cross-linked) either with themselves through catalytic homopolymerisation, or with a wide range of co-reactants including polyfunctional amines, acids (and acid anhydrides), phenols, alcohols and thiols.", "Epoxy __knowledge__ These co-reactants are often referred to as hardeners or curatives, and the cross-linking reaction is commonly referred to as curing.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ Illumitex is an American lighting manufacturer largely specializing in the production and development of LED lights for indoor farming and vertical farming.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ In addition to grow lights, Illumitex is also developing lights that could help treat skin conditions like acne.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ The company is based in Austin, Texas and has manufacturing facilities in Austin, China, and Malaysia.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ Illumitex was founded in 2005 by Matt Thomas, Dung Duong, and Paul Winberg.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ The company largely stayed under the radar until they began receiving funding in 2008.", "Illumitex __knowledge__ They raised $10.5 million in a B round of funding in 2008 and, in 2009, added an additional $10 million in another round.", "Tomato grafting __knowledge__ Tomato Grafting has been utilized worldwide in Asia and Europe for greenhouse and high tunnel production and is gaining popularity in the United States.", "Tomato grafting __knowledge__ Typically, stock or rootstock are selected for their ability to resist infection by certain soilborne pathogens or their ability to increase vigor and fruit yield.", "Tomato grafting __knowledge__ The scion of the grafted tomato represents the upper portion of the plant and is selected for its fruit quality characteristics.", "Tomato grafting __knowledge__ There are several methods for grafting tomatoes and they have certain advantages and disadvantages.", "Tomato grafting __knowledge__ Once the grafts are made, the plants are moved into a chamber or environment with high relative humidity (>90%) and low light levels to reduce water stress in the scion while the graft union forms.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Systemin is a plant peptide hormone involved in the wound response in the Solanaceae family.", "Systemin __knowledge__ It was the first plant hormone that was proven to be a peptide having been isolated from tomato leaves in 1991 by a group led by Clarence A. Ryan.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Since then other peptides, with similar functions have been identified in tomato and outside of the Solanaceae.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides were found in tobacco in 2001 and AtPEPs (Arabidopsis thaliana Plant Elicitor Peptides) were found in \"Arabidopsis thaliana\" in 2006.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Their precursors are found both in the cytoplasm and cell walls of plant cells, upon insect damage, the precursors are processed to produce one or more mature peptides.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "Genetically modified tomato __knowledge__ A genetically modified tomato, or transgenic tomato, is a tomato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering.", "Genetically modified tomato __knowledge__ The first commercially available genetically modified food was a tomato engineered to have a longer shelf life (the Flavr Savr).", "Genetically modified tomato __knowledge__ Currently there are no genetically modified tomatoes available commercially, but scientists are developing tomatoes with new traits like increased resistance to pests or environmental stresses.", "Genetically modified tomato __knowledge__ Other projects aim to enrich tomatoes with substances that may offer health benefits or be more nutritious.", "Genetically modified tomato __knowledge__ As well as aiming to produce novel crops, scientists produce genetically modified tomatoes to understand the function of genes naturally present in tomatoes.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ Nanoprobing is method of extracting device electrical parameters through the use of nanoscale tungsten wires, used primarily in the semiconductor industry.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ The characterization of individual devices is instrumental to engineers and integrated circuit designers during initial product development and debug.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ It is commonly utilized in device failure analysis laboratories to aid with yield enhancement, quality and reliability issues and customer returns.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ Commercially available nanoprobing systems are integrated into either a vacuum-based scanning electron microscope (SEM) or atomic force microscope (AFM)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup (formerly catsup) is a condiment.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Traditionally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but in modern times the unmodified term usually refers to \"tomato ketchup\".", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce typically made from tomatoes, sweetener, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The latter vary by recipe, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, mustard and sometimes celery, cinnamon or ginger.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Hunt's has the second biggest share of the US market with less than 20%.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ Tomato soup is a soup made with tomatoes as the primary ingredient.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ It may be served hot or cold in a bowl, and may be made in a variety of ways.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ It may be smooth in texture, and there are also recipes which include chunks (or small pieces) of tomato, cream and chicken/vegetable stock.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ Popular toppings for tomato soup include sour cream or croutons.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ Tomato soup is one of the top comfort foods in Poland and the United States.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ It can be made fresh by blanching tomatoes, removing the skins, then blending into a puree.", "Tomato soup __knowledge__ The first noted tomato soup was made by Maria Parloa in 1872, and Joseph A. Campbell's recipe for condensed tomato soup in 1897 further increased its popularity.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Campbell's Soup Cans __knowledge__ Campbell's Soup Cans, which is sometimes referred to as 32 Campbell's Soup Cans, is a work of art produced in 1962 by Andy Warhol.", "Campbell's Soup Cans __knowledge__ It consists of thirty-two canvases, each measuring in height × in width and each consisting of a painting of a Campbell's Soup can—one of each of the canned soup varieties the company offered at the time.", "Campbell's Soup Cans __knowledge__ The individual paintings were produced by a printmaking method—the semi-mechanized screen printing process, using a non-painterly style.", "Campbell's Soup Cans __knowledge__ \"Campbell's Soup Cans\"' reliance on themes from popular culture helped to usher in pop art as a major art movement in the United States.", "Clown Virus __knowledge__ \"Clown Virus\" is an episode of the award-winning British comedy television series \"The Goodies\".", "Clown Virus __knowledge__ Written by The Goodies, with songs and music by Bill Oddie.", "Clown Virus __knowledge__ When the United States Army asks the Goodies to get rid of a large container, with the words Tomato soup on its side, they take it out to sea in an attempt to ditch it — but without success.", "Clown Virus __knowledge__ They then take the container to their office, where they open it and find a strange-looking mixture inside.", "Clown Virus __knowledge__ In an effort to make the mixture look more like Tomato soup, and more palatable, Tim pours red paint into the mixture in their soup bowls, and they then attempt to eat the mixture.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine is a style of cooking and food preparation originating in or widely popular in Poland.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine has evolved over the centuries to become very eclectic due to Poland's history.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine shares many similarities with other Slavic countries, especially neighboring Czech and Slovak.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ It has also been widely influenced by other Central European cuisines, namely German, Austrian and Hungarian cuisines as well as Jewish, French, Turkish and Italian culinary traditions.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ It is rich in meat, especially pork, chicken and beef (depending on the region), winter vegetables (cabbage in the dish \"bigos\"), spices, and herbs.", "Goulash __knowledge__ Goulash ( ) is a soup of meat and vegetables, seasoned with paprika and other spices.", "Goulash __knowledge__ Originating from the medieval Hungary, goulash is a popular meal predominantly eaten in Central Europe but also in other parts of Europe.", "Goulash __knowledge__ Its origin traces back to the 9th century to stews eaten by Hungarian shepherds.", "Goulash __knowledge__ Back then, the cooked and flavored meat was dried with the help of the sun and packed into bags produced from sheep's stomachs, needing only water to make it into a meal.", "Goulash __knowledge__ Earlier versions of goulash did not include paprika, as it was not introduced to the Old World until the 16th century.", "Goulash __knowledge__ It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ Cup-a-Soup is an instant soup product sold under various brands worldwide.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ The soup is sold in sachets of powder which can be poured into a mug or cup, which is then filled with near-boiling water and stirred.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada the product is manufactured and marketed by Unilever's Lipton brand, and in Australia under the Continental brand.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom the product is sold as Batchelors Cup-a-Soup, a brand which is now owned by Premier Foods.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ In the Netherlands it is sold under the Unox brand.", "Cup-a-Soup __knowledge__ In South Africa, Sweden, Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Poland it is sold under the Knorr brand.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's Tacos is a small local restaurant chain based in El Paso, Texas.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was founded on July 4, 1953 by local boxing promoter Joe Mora.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Long considered a local institution in El Paso, it is perhaps the city's best-known restaurant, having been featured in the Food Network show, \"The Best Thing I Ever Ate\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was also a topic of the Gabriel Iglesias stand up act, \"I'm not Fat...", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ I'm Fluffy\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's has entered into local legend for its rolled tacos in a special tomato soup-like sauce, as well as its low prices.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Other items on the menu include hamburgers, French fries, grilled cheese sandwiches (or as Chicos Tacos employees often refer to them as \"grillos\"), and special round hot dogs served on hamburger buns.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup (formerly catsup) is a condiment.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Traditionally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but in modern times the unmodified term usually refers to \"tomato ketchup\".", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce typically made from tomatoes, sweetener, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The latter vary by recipe, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, mustard and sometimes celery, cinnamon or ginger.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Hunt's has the second biggest share of the US market with less than 20%.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Sweet and sour is a generic term that encompasses many styles of sauce, cuisine and cooking methods.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Commonly used in China, it has been used in England since the Middle Ages, and remains popular in Europe and in the Americas.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Some authors say that the original sweet and sour sauce () came from the Chinese province of Hunan, but the sauce in this area is a light vinegar and sugar mixture not resembling what most people, including the Chinese, would call sweet and sour.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Many places in China use a sweet and sour sauce as a dipping sauce for fish and meat, rather than in cooking as is commonly found in westernized Chinese cuisine.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Mushroom ketchup __knowledge__ Mushroom ketchup is a style of ketchup (also spelled \"catsup\") that is prepared with mushrooms as its primary ingredient.", "Mushroom ketchup __knowledge__ Originally, ketchup in the United Kingdom was prepared with mushrooms as a primary ingredient, instead of tomato, the main ingredient in contemporary preparations of ketchup.", "Mushroom ketchup __knowledge__ Historical preparations involved packing whole mushrooms into containers with salt.", "Mushroom ketchup __knowledge__ It is used as a condiment and may be used as an ingredient in the preparation of other sauces and other condiments.", "Mushroom ketchup __knowledge__ Several brands of mushroom ketchup were produced and marketed in the United Kingdom, some of which were exported to the United States, and Geo Watkins Mushroom Ketchup continues to exist in contemporary times as a commercially mass-produced product.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ A potato chip or crisp is a thin slice of potato that has been deep fried or baked until crunchy.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ Potato chips are commonly served as a snack, side dish, or appetizer.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ The basic chips are cooked and salted; additional varieties are manufactured using various flavorings and ingredients including herbs, spices, cheeses, other natural flavors, artificial flavors and additives.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ Potato chips are a predominant part of the snack food and convenience food market in Western countries.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ The global potato chip market generated total revenues of US$16.49 billion in 2005.", "Potato chip __knowledge__ This accounted for 35.5% of the total savory snacks market in that year ($46.1 billion).", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once." ] ]

[ 0, 67, 17, 14 ]

[ "I dont like tomato", "Its taste is so sour. but I like tomato sauce", "Ketchup Traditionaly made with onion ginger and its taste is sweet.so I ike that", "It is smooth in texture and recipes includes some chunks. it is tasty" ]

[ "Tomato", "Tomato", "Tomato", "Tomato" ]

[ "Deep South\nI love living in the deep south, where are you from.", "I've been to Florida a number of times. Its nice over there except for the weather changing every ten minutes.", "Its the cotton state? I always thought it was always the orange state.", "I can see how the farmers would struggle if the their crops don't grow.", "Yeah I have seen the disasters after a hurricane hit Florida." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is a cultural and geographic subregion in the Southern United States.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Historically, it was differentiated as those states most dependent on plantations and slave societies during the pre–Civil War period.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is commonly referred to as the Cotton States, given that the production of cotton was a primary commodity crop.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The term \"Deep South\" is defined in a variety of ways: Though often used in history books to refer to the seven states that originally formed the Confederacy, the term \"Deep South\" did not come into general usage until long after the Civil War ended.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Up until that time, \"Lower South\" was the primary designation for those states.", "Deep South __knowledge__ When \"Deep South\" first began to gain mainstream currency in print in the middle of the 20th century, it applied to the states and areas of Georgia, southern Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, north Louisiana, and East Texas, all historic areas of cotton plantations and slavery.", "Deep South __knowledge__ This was the part of the South many considered the \"most Southern\".", "Deep South __knowledge__ Later, the general definition expanded to include all of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and often taking in bordering areas of East Texas and North Florida.", "Upland South __knowledge__ The terms Upland South and Upper South refer to the northern section of the Southern United States, in contrast to the Lower South or Deep South.", "Upland South __knowledge__ There is a slight difference in usage between the two terms.", "Upland South __knowledge__ \"Upland South\" is usually defined based on landforms, generally referring to the southern Appalachian Mountains or Appalachia (although not the full region defined by the Appalachian Regional Commission), the Ozarks and Ouachita Mountains, and the plateaus, hills, and basins between the Appalachians and Ozarks, such as the Cumberland Plateau, part of the Allegheny Plateau, the Nashville Basin, and the Bluegrass Basin, among others.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ Deep South Wrestling (DSW) was a professional wrestling promotion based in McDonough, Georgia.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ Deep South worked in tandem with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) as a developmental territory from 2005 until April 18, 2007.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ Deep South was owned by Jody Hamilton, former director of the WCW Power Plant.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ A previous version of Deep South, which had a working agreement with the American Wrestling Association, was also run by Hamilton from 1986 to October 1988.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ Deep South Wrestling held their inaugural show on September 1, 2005.", "Deep South Wrestling __knowledge__ Two months later, the promotion crowned Mike Mizanin as their first Deep South Heavyweight Champion.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries after it gained independence and before the end of the American Civil War.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery had been practiced in British America from early colonial days, and was legal in all Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ By the time of the American Revolution (1775–1783), the status of slave had been institutionalized as a racial caste associated with African ancestry.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ When the United States Constitution was ratified (1789), a relatively small number of free people of color were among the voting citizens (male property owners).", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The Southern United States, also known as the American South, is a region of the United States of America.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The South does not fully match the geographic south of the United States but is commonly defined as including the states that fought for the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The Deep South is fully located in the southeastern corner.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ Arizona and New Mexico, which are geographically in the southern part of the country, are rarely considered part, while West Virginia, which separated from Virginia in 1863, commonly is.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ Some scholars have proposed definitions of the South that do not coincide neatly with state boundaries.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Ogema is a town with a population of 403 located in south Central Saskatchewan, Canada.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ It is approximately south of Saskatchewan's capital city, Regina, and about midway between Weyburn and Assiniboia on Saskatchewan Highway 13.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The small Saskatchewan community known as Ogema and its surrounding community got its first settlers in 1908.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Most of those settlers came from the Bruce and Auron county regions in Ontario, but a few came from other parts of the world, including the United States, Europe and the British Isles.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The first settlers arrived in 1908.", "Ogema, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ However, it wasn't until 1911 that a post office was established with the name of Ogema.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ The history of the state of Mississippi extends to thousands of years of indigenous peoples.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Evidence of their cultures has been found largely through archeological excavations, as well as existing remains of earthwork mounds built thousands of years ago.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Native American traditions were kept through oral histories; the Europeans recorded accounts of historic peoples they encountered.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Since the late 20th century, there have been increased studies of the Native American tribes and reliance on their oral histories to document their cultures.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Their accounts have been correlated with evidence of natural events." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is a cultural and geographic subregion in the Southern United States.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Historically, it was differentiated as those states most dependent on plantations and slave societies during the pre–Civil War period.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is commonly referred to as the Cotton States, given that the production of cotton was a primary commodity crop.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The term \"Deep South\" is defined in a variety of ways: Though often used in history books to refer to the seven states that originally formed the Confederacy, the term \"Deep South\" did not come into general usage until long after the Civil War ended.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Up until that time, \"Lower South\" was the primary designation for those states.", "Deep South __knowledge__ When \"Deep South\" first began to gain mainstream currency in print in the middle of the 20th century, it applied to the states and areas of Georgia, southern Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, north Louisiana, and East Texas, all historic areas of cotton plantations and slavery.", "Deep South __knowledge__ This was the part of the South many considered the \"most Southern\".", "Deep South __knowledge__ Later, the general definition expanded to include all of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and often taking in bordering areas of East Texas and North Florida.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ This is a list of national population and housing censuses.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ UN recommends a census enumeration at least once every ten years, and once every 5 for even better data, rather than simply relying on estimates and projections alone.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ Complications to carrying out a census include tribal conflict, war, borders not demarcated, budget, inexperience, political snags, lack of manpower, and poor geographic information systems.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ A number of nations have not carried them out once a decade.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for a scheduled census to be deferred or delayed.", "Population and housing censuses by country __knowledge__ However, Lebanon has completely breached the rule, not having one since 1932.", "2013–14 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2013–14 Southampton F.C.", "2013–14 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ season was the club's 15th season in the Premier League, and their 37th in the top division of English football.", "2013–14 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ Having secured their place in the Premier League the previous season following a seven-year absence from the top flight, the club progressed in their league performance and achieved their main aim of a top-ten finish.", "2013–14 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ Southampton finished eighth in the Premier League table, having won 15, drawn 11, and lost 12 of their 38 games played: their best season since 2002–03.", "2013–14 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ They also made it to the fifth round of the FA Cup and the fourth round of the League Cup.", "Metropolitan Railway __knowledge__ The Metropolitan Railway (also known as the Met) was a passenger and goods railway that served London from 1863 to 1933, its main line heading north-west from the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the Middlesex suburbs.", "Metropolitan Railway __knowledge__ Its first line connected the main-line railway termini at , , and King's Cross to the City.", "Metropolitan Railway __knowledge__ The first section was built beneath the New Road using the \"cut-and-cover\" method between Paddington and King's Cross and in tunnel and cuttings beside Farringdon Road from King's Cross to near Smithfield, near the City.", "Metropolitan Railway __knowledge__ It opened to the public on 10 January 1863 with gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives, the world's first passenger-carrying designated underground railway.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2016–17 Southampton F.C.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ season was the club's 18th season in the Premier League and their 40th in the top division of English football.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ In addition to the 2016–17 Premier League, the club also competed in the FA Cup, EFL Cup and UEFA Europa League.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ The season was the club's only campaign with manager Claude Puel, who took over from Ronald Koeman on 30 June 2016.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ The club finished eighth in the Premier League table, having won twelve, drawn ten and lost sixteen of their 38 matches played.", "2016–17 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ They were knocked out of the UEFA Europa League at the group stage, having won two, drawn two and lost two of their matches, and the FA Cup in the fourth round, while they finished as runners-up in the EFL Cup Final losing 3–2 to Manchester United.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The history of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship is long and remarkable, with over one hundred and twenty years of competition finding winners and losers from all parts of the country.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ Tracing the history of the Hurling Championship back to its beginning, it is possible to easily pick out periods when specific teams or counties dominated the competition, only to find themselves rapidly superseded by another dominant team or teams.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The format of the championship had also undergone several significant changes throughout the years, with the creation of the 'back-door system' in 1997.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The format of the very first hurling championship was unique in that it was the only open draw All-Ireland championship ever-played.", "WDCH-FM __knowledge__ WDCH-FM (99.1 FM; \"Bloomberg 99.1 and 105.7 HD2\") is a radio station currently broadcasting a business news format to the Baltimore, Maryland/Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.", "WDCH-FM __knowledge__ Licensed to Bowie, Maryland the station is currently owned by Entercom and operated by Bloomberg L.P. Its transmitter is located near Crofton, Maryland, and the broadcasting studios are located near the Washington Navy Yard along the north/west bank of the Anacostia River (Eastern Branch of the Potomac River) in Southeast Washington.", "WDCH-FM __knowledge__ WDCH is one of the few stations in the Baltimore/Washington area that targets \"both\" markets.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Southampton F.C.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ season was the club's 14th season in the Premier League, and their 36th at the top level of English football.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ Having achieved consecutive promotions from League One and the Championship the previous two seasons, the club were looking to retain their place in the Premier League after a seven-year absence from the top flight.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ Southampton finished 14th in the league table, five points above the relegation zone.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ They also made it to the fourth round of the League Cup, and were eliminated from the FA Cup in the third round by Chelsea.", "2012–13 Southampton F.C. season __knowledge__ In preparation for their first season back in the top flight, Southampton strengthened their squad relatively heavily during the summer transfer window, breaking the club's transfer fee record twice with the acquisitions of Burnley striker Jay Rodriguez in July and Uruguayan midfielder Gastón Ramírez from Bologna on deadline day.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ The Nissan Sunny is a midsize sedan car built by the Japanese automaker Nissan from 1966 to 2006.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ In the early 1980s, the brand changed from Datsun to Nissan in line with other models by the company.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ Although production of the Sunny in Japan ended in 2006, the name remains in use in the Chinese market for a rebadged version of the Nissan Latio.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ In North America, the later models were known as the Nissan Sentra; in Mexico, the Sunny is known as the Nissan Tsuru, which is Japanese for the bird species \"crane\".", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ The latest versions of the Sunny were larger than the early models, and may be considered compact cars.", "International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories __knowledge__ The International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories (ISBER) is the largest international forum that addresses the technical, legal, ethical, and managerial issues relevant to repositories of biological and environmental specimens.", "International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories __knowledge__ ISBER is a professional society of individuals and organizations who share an interest in promoting consistent, high quality standards, ethical principles and innovation in biospecimen banking by uniting the global biobanking community.", "International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories __knowledge__ ISBER invites all sub-components of government, academia, the private sector, and manufacturers to become active participants of the society.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ Flerovium is a superheavy artificial chemical element with symbol Fl and atomic number 114.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ It is an extremely radioactive synthetic element.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ The element is named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered in 1998.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ The name of the laboratory, in turn, honours the Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov ( in Cyrillic, hence the transliteration of \"yo\" to \"e\").", "Flerovium __knowledge__ The name was adopted by IUPAC on 30 May 2012.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ In the periodic table of the elements, it is a transactinide element in the p-block.", "Flerovium __knowledge__ It is a member of the 7th period and is the heaviest known member of the carbon group; it is also the heaviest element whose chemistry has been investigated.", "Sussex __knowledge__ Sussex (), from the Old English \"Sūþsēaxe\" (South Saxons), is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex.", "Sussex __knowledge__ It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, northeast by Kent, south by the English Channel, and divided for many purposes into the ceremonial counties of West Sussex and East Sussex.", "Sussex __knowledge__ Brighton and Hove, though part of East Sussex, was made a unitary authority in 1997, and as such, is administered independently of the rest of East Sussex.", "Sussex __knowledge__ Brighton and Hove was granted City status in 2000.", "Sussex __knowledge__ Until then, Chichester was Sussex's only city.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Sunny Lee is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Hany Lee.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 8 April 2009.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Sunny was created by executive producer Susan Bower in response to criticism that \"Neighbours\" was \"too white\".", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Lee came to the attention of \"Neighbours\" producers after she entered a competition run by \"Dolly Magazine\" to win a three-month contract with the show.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Despite not winning, she was cast as Sunny soon afterwards.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ In August 2009, it was announced that Lee and Sunny would be departing \"Neighbours\" and Sunny made her final appearance on 19 November 2009.", "Protocol (film) __knowledge__ Protocol is a 1984 American comedy film starring Goldie Hawn and Chris Sarandon, written by Buck Henry, and directed by Herbert Ross.", "Protocol (film) __knowledge__ Hawn plays a Washington, D.C., cocktail waitress who prevents the assassination of a visiting Arab emir and winds up a national heroine.", "Protocol (film) __knowledge__ Sunny Ann Davis is a seemingly ditzy blonde who works as a cocktail waitress in Washington, D.C. She rents a small room in the home of a gay couple, has a lousy love life and drives a rust bucket of a car that she cannot afford to repair.", "Protocol (film) __knowledge__ The car breaks down, blocking the route of a diplomatic convoy that is traveling to the White House.", "Bicycle transportation planning in Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles can refer to both the City of Los Angeles and Los Angeles County, as well as the larger Los Angeles region (consisting of a continuous urban landscape stretching from Ventura County in the north down to Orange County in south).", "Bicycle transportation planning in Los Angeles __knowledge__ There are a myriad of different agencies and authorities engaged in bicycle transportation planning, funding, design and construction in the Los Angeles area.", "Bicycle transportation planning in Los Angeles __knowledge__ This is an attempt to find the members of these agencies and authorities responsible for transportation projects and issues as they relate to bicycles.", "Bicycle transportation planning in Los Angeles __knowledge__ In the City of Los Angeles there are several city level departments which oversee transportation related issues." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is a cultural and geographic subregion in the Southern United States.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Historically, it was differentiated as those states most dependent on plantations and slave societies during the pre–Civil War period.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is commonly referred to as the Cotton States, given that the production of cotton was a primary commodity crop.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The term \"Deep South\" is defined in a variety of ways: Though often used in history books to refer to the seven states that originally formed the Confederacy, the term \"Deep South\" did not come into general usage until long after the Civil War ended.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Up until that time, \"Lower South\" was the primary designation for those states.", "Deep South __knowledge__ When \"Deep South\" first began to gain mainstream currency in print in the middle of the 20th century, it applied to the states and areas of Georgia, southern Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, north Louisiana, and East Texas, all historic areas of cotton plantations and slavery.", "Deep South __knowledge__ This was the part of the South many considered the \"most Southern\".", "Deep South __knowledge__ Later, the general definition expanded to include all of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and often taking in bordering areas of East Texas and North Florida.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ The Cal State Fullerton Titans Women's Tennis Team compete's at the NCAA Division I Collegiate level and is a member of the Big West Conference.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ All home collegiate tennis matches are played at the California State University, Fullerton Campus Courts in Fullerton, Ca..", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ Check fullertontitans.com/sports/w-tennis/index for schedule of school matches and times.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ Dr. Jean A. Barrett,(Emeritus) started at Orange State College (known now as Cal State Fullerton) in 1963 she was a Professor of Health, Physical Education and Recreation at Fullerton getting her degree's a B.S.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ from Cortland State Teachers College in 1952 and an Ed.M.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dorothy “Dot” Branning (also Cotton) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera, \"EastEnders\", played by June Brown since 1985.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot first appeared in \"EastEnders\" in July 1985 as the mother of criminal Nick Cotton (John Altman).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ The character has worked as a launderette assistant for most of that time along with original character Pauline Fowler (Wendy Richard).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot moved away with her son and his family in 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ In reality, Brown left the show in 1993, unhappy with the axing of her co star Peter Dean, who played Pete Beale from the shows first episode to early 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Brown returned to the role as a recurring character from April 1997 to April 1998 and was again made a regular from November 1998 onwards.", "Neale Stoner __knowledge__ Neale R. Stoner is a former college athletics coach and administrator.", "Neale Stoner __knowledge__ He served as the head men's basketball coach at the University of California, San Diego from 1966 to 1969 and at California Polytechnic State University from 1969 to 1972, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 86–65.", "Neale Stoner __knowledge__ Stoner was the athletic director at California State University, Fullerton from 1972 to 1979 and at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign from 1980 to 1988.", "Neale Stoner __knowledge__ At Orange County State College—now known as California State University, Fullerton—Stoner played two years (1961 and 1962 seasons) on both the varsity men's basketball squad and tennis team.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Pauline Fowler __knowledge__ Pauline Fowler is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", a long-running serial drama about working class life in the fictional London borough of Walford.", "Pauline Fowler __knowledge__ She was played by actress Wendy Richard between the first episode on 19 February 1985 and 25 December 2006.", "Pauline Fowler __knowledge__ Pauline was created by scriptwriter Tony Holland and producer Julia Smith as one of \"EastEnders' \"original characters.", "Pauline Fowler __knowledge__ She made her debut in the soap's first episode on 19 February 1985, and remained for twenty-one years and ten months, making her the second longest-running original character, surpassed only by her nephew, Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt).", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ ), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederacy was originally formed by seven secessionist slave-holding states – South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas – in the Lower South region of the United States, whose regional economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture, particularly cotton, and a plantation system that relied upon the labor of African-American slaves.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ Each state declared its secession from the United States following the November 1860 election of Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln to the U.S. presidency on a platform which opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ ] Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ The history of the state of Mississippi extends to thousands of years of indigenous peoples.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Evidence of their cultures has been found largely through archeological excavations, as well as existing remains of earthwork mounds built thousands of years ago.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Native American traditions were kept through oral histories; the Europeans recorded accounts of historic peoples they encountered.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Since the late 20th century, there have been increased studies of the Native American tribes and reliance on their oral histories to document their cultures.", "History of Mississippi __knowledge__ Their accounts have been correlated with evidence of natural events.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The Southern United States, also known as the American South, is a region of the United States of America.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The South does not fully match the geographic south of the United States but is commonly defined as including the states that fought for the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ The Deep South is fully located in the southeastern corner.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ Arizona and New Mexico, which are geographically in the southern part of the country, are rarely considered part, while West Virginia, which separated from Virginia in 1863, commonly is.", "Southern United States __knowledge__ Some scholars have proposed definitions of the South that do not coincide neatly with state boundaries.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ The history of the Southern United States reaches back hundreds of years and includes the Mississippian people, well known for their mound building.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ European history in the region began in the very earliest days of the exploration and colonization of North America.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ Spain, France, and England eventually explored and claimed parts of what is now the Southern United States, and the cultural influences of each can still be seen in the region today.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ In the centuries since, the history of the Southern United States has recorded a large number of important events, including the American Revolution, the American Civil War, the ending of slavery, and the American Civil Rights Movement." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is a cultural and geographic subregion in the Southern United States.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Historically, it was differentiated as those states most dependent on plantations and slave societies during the pre–Civil War period.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is commonly referred to as the Cotton States, given that the production of cotton was a primary commodity crop.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The term \"Deep South\" is defined in a variety of ways: Though often used in history books to refer to the seven states that originally formed the Confederacy, the term \"Deep South\" did not come into general usage until long after the Civil War ended.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Up until that time, \"Lower South\" was the primary designation for those states.", "Deep South __knowledge__ When \"Deep South\" first began to gain mainstream currency in print in the middle of the 20th century, it applied to the states and areas of Georgia, southern Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, north Louisiana, and East Texas, all historic areas of cotton plantations and slavery.", "Deep South __knowledge__ This was the part of the South many considered the \"most Southern\".", "Deep South __knowledge__ Later, the general definition expanded to include all of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and often taking in bordering areas of East Texas and North Florida.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ A more accurate title for this page would be \"Common plant pathogens to food crops in the United States\".", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Symptoms of Alternaria leaf spot appear as lesions with tan spots on the leaves.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ The centers of these lesions become black with fungal sporulation.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ This infection can lead to tree death within 3–4 years of the first serious outbreak.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Orchards in high humidity areas result in the largest yield loss, often in excess of 50%.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Yield loss tends to rise every year as the tree becomes weaker each year after infection.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Three fungicide applications can achieve 60–80% control of leaf spot.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Anthracnose was not seen on California almonds until the early 1990s.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it.", "Food security __knowledge__ There is evidence of granaries being in use over 10,000 years ago, with central authorities in civilizations including ancient China and ancient Egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.", "Food security __knowledge__ At the 1974 World Food Conference the term \"food security\" was defined with an emphasis on supply.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security, they said, is the \"availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices\".", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Agriculture continued to be the mainstay of the economy of Haiti in the late 1980s; it employed approximately 66 percent of the labor force and accounted for about 35 percent of GDP and for 24 percent of exports in 1987.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ The role of agriculture in the economy has declined severely since the 1950s, when the sector employed 80 percent of the labor force, represented 50 percent of GDP, and contributed 90 percent of exports.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Many factors have contributed to this decline.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Some of the major ones included the continuing fragmentation of landholdings, low levels of agricultural technology, migration out of rural areas, insecure land tenure, a lack of capital investment, high commodity taxes, the low productivity of undernourished animals, plant diseases, and inadequate infrastructure.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Genetically modified crops (GMCs, GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, or resistance to chemical treatments (e.g.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ resistance to a herbicide), or improving the nutrient profile of the crop.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in non-food crops include production of pharmaceutical agents, biofuels, and other industrially useful goods, as well as for bioremediation.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ ] Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world.", "Climate change and agriculture __knowledge__ Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "Attribution of recent climate change __knowledge__ Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent climate changes on Earth, commonly known as 'global warming'.", "Attribution of recent climate change __knowledge__ The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available.", "Attribution of recent climate change __knowledge__ The dominant mechanisms are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity.", "Attribution of recent climate change __knowledge__ They are: There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is a cultural and geographic subregion in the Southern United States.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Historically, it was differentiated as those states most dependent on plantations and slave societies during the pre–Civil War period.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The Deep South is commonly referred to as the Cotton States, given that the production of cotton was a primary commodity crop.", "Deep South __knowledge__ The term \"Deep South\" is defined in a variety of ways: Though often used in history books to refer to the seven states that originally formed the Confederacy, the term \"Deep South\" did not come into general usage until long after the Civil War ended.", "Deep South __knowledge__ Up until that time, \"Lower South\" was the primary designation for those states.", "Deep South __knowledge__ When \"Deep South\" first began to gain mainstream currency in print in the middle of the 20th century, it applied to the states and areas of Georgia, southern Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, north Louisiana, and East Texas, all historic areas of cotton plantations and slavery.", "Deep South __knowledge__ This was the part of the South many considered the \"most Southern\".", "Deep South __knowledge__ Later, the general definition expanded to include all of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and often taking in bordering areas of East Texas and North Florida.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 1) The Winyaw Hurricane of 1820 A minimal hurricane moved from Florida on September 8 northward to hit near the border of North Carolina and South Carolina on September 10th.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ It caused only minor damage.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ Part of cluster of hurricanes struck Charleston area in 1804, 1811, 1813, 1820, and 1822.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 2) A hurricane was sighted at Dominica on September 26 before moving west-northwest through Hispaniola, then across the southwest Atlantic to South Carolina on October 1.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 1) A tropical storm moved westward across the Caribbean, from Guadeloupe on September 1 to western Cuba on September 9.", "1820–29 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 2) The Norfolk and Long Island Hurricane of 1821 The Norfolk and Long Island Hurricane was a deadly hurricane that rapidly moved up the Atlantic coast during the first few days of September.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ I.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ On July 30 and July 31, this tropical storm affected Jamaica.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ II.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ On August 12 a hurricane hit Trinidad, causing heavy damage.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ The system apparently moved to Jamaica by the 15th.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ III.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ A tropical storm hit near Charleston, South Carolina between September 11 and September 13, causing minor damage.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ IV.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ A tropical cyclone strikes eastern Cuba on September 28.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ V. The \"Salty Storm\" strikes Cuba on October 24 and 25th before continuing onward into the southwest Atlantic.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ The pressure at Havana falls to 29.35 in Hg (994 hPa).", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ I.", "1810–19 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ A minor hurricane that struck Cuba continued onward to Charleston, South Carolina on September 10, causing many deaths, tornadoes, and crop damage as it moved across the state.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ This article encompasses the \"1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons\".", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ While data is not available for every storm that occurred, some parts of the coastline were populated enough to give data of hurricane occurrences.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ Each season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic basin.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ Most tropical cyclone formation occurs between June 1 and November 30.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ June 19-23.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ In the middle of June, a tropical storm passed west of Lake Charles, Louisiana accompanied by several days of heavy rain.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ Strong winds on June 21 damaged corn crops.", "1840–49 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ September 17-18 tropical storm struck Galveston Texas.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 1) A hurricane moved from Trinidad to western Cuba between August 3 and August 9.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 2) Twin Atlantic Coast Hurricanes of 1830.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ First noted in the Leeward Islands on August 11, a hurricane moved into the Caribbean in the middle of August.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ It moved west-northwestward, and approached the coast of Florida.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ It came close to present-day Daytona Beach on August 15, but recurved northeastward before landfall, although land was not spared from effects.", "1830–39 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ It made landfall near Cape Fear North Carolina on the 16th and went out to sea that night, eventually well to the north of Bermuda just offshore the Canadian Maritimes.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 1) A minimal hurricane that passed through the Leeward Islands on August 10 moved through the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico to strike southeast Louisiana on August 18.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 2) On August 27 and August 28, a hurricane struck Exuma in the Bahamas.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 3) During September 9 and September 10 a hurricane impacted Bermuda.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ The storm dismasted the brig Eliza sailing from Savannah to New York, causing the loss of two lives from those swept overboard.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ 4) The October Storm of 1800 Between October 2 and October 5, a hurricane lingered across South Carolina.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ Twelve ships foundered at Charleston.", "1800–09 Atlantic hurricane seasons __knowledge__ The cyclone spawned a tornado which moved across the northwest section of the city.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde-type hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma, and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ It was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Hurricane Maria two weeks later, and is the second-costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ Hurricane preparedness in New Orleans has been an issue since the city's early settlement because of its location.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans was built on a marsh.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ Unlike the first two centuries of its existence, today a little under half of the modern city sits below sea level.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ The city is surrounded by the Mississippi River, Lake Pontchartrain to the north, and Lake Borgne on the east.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ The earliest-settled parts of New Orleans and surrounding communities are above sea level.", "Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans __knowledge__ However, flooding was long a threat, from the periodic high waters of the Mississippi and from more occasional severe tropical storms which pushed the waters of Lake Pontchartrain into settled areas.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it.", "Food security __knowledge__ There is evidence of granaries being in use over 10,000 years ago, with central authorities in civilizations including ancient China and ancient Egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.", "Food security __knowledge__ At the 1974 World Food Conference the term \"food security\" was defined with an emphasis on supply.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security, they said, is the \"availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices\".", "Gender and food security __knowledge__ Gender inequality both leads to and is a result of food insecurity.", "Gender and food security __knowledge__ According to estimates women and girls make up 60% of the world's chronically hungry and little progress has been made in ensuring the equal right to food for women enshrined in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.", "Gender and food security __knowledge__ Women face discrimination both in education and employment opportunities and within the household, where their bargaining power is lower.", "Gender and food security __knowledge__ On the other hand, gender equality is described as instrumental to ending malnutrition and hunger.", "Gender and food security __knowledge__ Women tend to be responsible for food preparation and childcare within the family and are more likely to be spent their income on food and their children’s needs.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ Emergency management is the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies (preparedness, response, and recovery).", "Emergency management __knowledge__ The aim is to reduce the harmful effects of all hazards, including disasters.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ It should not be equated to \"disaster management\".", "Emergency management __knowledge__ The World Health Organization defines an emergency as the state in which normal procedures are interrupted, and immediate measures need to be taken to prevent that state turning into a disaster.", "Emergency management __knowledge__ Thus, emergency management is crucial to avoid the disruption transforming into a disaster, which is even harder to recover from.", "Environmental issues in Haiti __knowledge__ Environmental issues in Haiti include a severe deforestation problem, overpopulation, a lack of sanitation, natural disasters, and food insecurity.", "Environmental issues in Haiti __knowledge__ A major reason for these environmental issues is that there is not sufficient protection or management of the country's natural resources.", "Environmental issues in Haiti __knowledge__ Other environmental issues, such as decreases in precipitation and more severe natural disasters, will likely arise in Haiti as a result of climate change.", "Environmental issues in Haiti __knowledge__ Experts agree that Haiti needs to adopt new policies to address both the issues that already exist and to prepare for the effects of climate change.", "Environmental issues in Haiti __knowledge__ Today, forest cover in Haiti is only an estimated 3% of all land area, with 98% of forests cleared for fuel or other use.", "Bengal famine of 1943 __knowledge__ The Bengal famine of 1943-44 (Bengali: \"Pañcāśēra manwantara\") was a major famine in the Bengal province in British India during World War II.", "Bengal famine of 1943 __knowledge__ An estimated 2.1 million people died from starvation and diseases aggravated by malnutrition, population displacement, unsanitary conditions, and lack of health care.", "Bengal famine of 1943 __knowledge__ Millions were impoverished as the crisis overwhelmed large segments of the economy and social fabric.", "Bengal famine of 1943 __knowledge__ Bengal's economy was predominantly agrarian.", "Bengal famine of 1943 __knowledge__ For at least a decade before the crisis, between half and three quarters of those dependent on agriculture were already at near-subsistence levels.", "Famine __knowledge__ A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, inflation, crop failure, population imbalance, or government policies.", "Famine __knowledge__ This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality.", "Famine __knowledge__ Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history.", "Famine __knowledge__ In the 19th and 20th century, it was generally Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe that suffered the most deaths from famine.", "Famine __knowledge__ The numbers dying from famine began to fall sharply from the 1970s.", "Famine __knowledge__ Some countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, continue to have extreme cases of famine." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 60, 24, 49 ]

[ "I am also in the geographic sub-region of the United States, in the sunny state of FL here! ", "Yeah florida is way way south. They commonly referred to the deep south as cotton states being it was the crop grown there. Climate change is causing erratic weather everywhere unfortunately. ", "Technically it's the sunshine shate. Climate change has caused agricultural changes here too, some crops don't grow as well and the oranges struggle too which affects us all on a global scale.", "food security and the supply of our food as a whole is dwindling and the affects are clear after large scale natural disasters. ", "Yep Hurricane Irma was actually the strongest storm ever recorded by humans, they will only get worse as time goes on." ]

[ "Deep South", "Deep South", "Deep South", "Deep South", "Deep South" ]

[ "Welsh Corgi\ni have a dog and we go for walks", "You guessed right i am having a Welsh Corgi", "I never know that. That is so much. I just love them because of their smile ", "i cannot distinguish between the two breeds. what makes one different from the other? ", "Hmm that is good to figure out. I guess i have the Pembroke one" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2015) __knowledge__ \"Hollyoaks\" is a British television soap opera that was first broadcast on 23 October 1995.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2015) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appeared in the serial in 2015, by order of first appearance.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2015) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by executive producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2015) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Dylan Jenkins (James Fletcher) – the estranged son of established character Trevor Royle (Greg Wood), who made his first appearance in early January.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2015) __knowledge__ Shortly following, in late January, was the younger sister of Porsche (Twinnie Lee Moore) and Celine McQueen (Sarah George), Cleo (Nadine Rose Mulkerrin).", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ Craig Dean is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Guy Burnet.", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ Burnet has won and been nominated for several awards for this role.", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ Burnet departed the role in September 2007 and returned to the show on 3 September 2008 in a storyline which saw Craig secure a \"sunset ending\" with John Paul McQueen (James Sutton).", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ He made another appearance after his departure in spin-off show \"Hollyoaks Later\" in November 2008.", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ The character is regarded as one of \"Hollyoaks\" most iconic characters.", "Craig Dean __knowledge__ Craig Dean was not at first outlined as harbouring homosexual feelings or tendencies.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys (trademark) is the name of a range of die-cast toy vehicles produced by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. in the United Kingdom.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ The Mettoy (Metal Toy) company was founded in 1933 by German émigré Philip Ullmann in Northampton, England, where he was later joined by South African-born German Arthur Katz, who had previously worked for Ullmann at his toy company Tipp and Co of Nuremberg.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ They decided to market a range of toy vehicles as competition to Meccano's Dinky Toys model vehicles, which had dominated the British market for many years.", "Corgi Toys __knowledge__ Corgi Toys were introduced in the UK in July 1956 and were manufactured in Swansea, Wales, for 27 years before the company went into liquidation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Queen Elizabeth's corgis are the Welsh Corgi dogs owned by Queen Elizabeth II and her parents, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and King George VI.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Fond of corgis since she was a small child, Elizabeth II has owned more than 30 corgis since she became Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms in 1952.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The Queen Mother introduced a disciplined regimen for the dogs; each was to have its own wicker basket, raised above the floor to avoid draughts.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ Meals were served for each dog in its own dish, the diet approved by veterinary experts with no titbits from the royal table.", "Queen Elizabeth's corgis __knowledge__ The corgis thus enjoy a privileged life at Buckingham Palace.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Corgi International Limited \"(formerly known as Zindart International Limited)\" is a company rooted in the old Welsh Corgi Toys started in the late 1950s.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ That company was later acquired by Mattel around 1990, then made independent.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Today, Corgi consists of three distinct brands that manufacture movie prop replicas, die-cast collectibles, and gift and toy products.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ Corgi International also distributes trading cards and movie memorabilia through a separate brand.", "Corgi International __knowledge__ In July 1977, Zindart International Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong as a limited company under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance initially to operate a manufacturing facility.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky was a brand name for a line of small die-cast toy vehicles manufactured by Mettoy Playcraft Ltd. of Swansea, Wales, which also made the larger Corgi Toys.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky Models was re-branded Corgi Juniors in 1970, and a further range called Corgi Rockets was developed to race on track sets.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line, introduced in 1964, was designed to compete in size with the \"1-75 series\" Matchbox, which were the market leaders in small-scale toy vehicles at the time.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ Husky cars and trucks were inexpensive and originally sold only at Woolworth's stores at a price which undercut their rival.", "Husky Toys __knowledge__ The Husky line numbered about 75 vehicles at its peak, the same number as Matchbox, although unlike the Lesney product Huskys were sold in blister packs allowing the model to be clearly seen when on display.", "Dookie (dog) __knowledge__ Dookie (1933-?)", "Dookie (dog) __knowledge__ or Rozavel Golden Eagle was a Pembroke Welsh Corgi bought in 1933 by King George VI and was the first of many Welsh Corgis to join the Royal Family.", "Dookie (dog) __knowledge__ The dog was especially popular with Queen Elizabeth II, who has since owned over thirty corgis.", "Dookie (dog) __knowledge__ George VI (then Prince Albert, Duke of York) decided to purchase a corgi for his daughters Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret after the girls had fallen in love with the breed when visiting the corgis owned by the children of the Marquess of Bath.", "Dookie (dog) __knowledge__ In July 1933 Thelma Gray of Rozavel Kennels brought three corgi puppies to the family home at 145 Piccadilly for the family to choose from.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of pastoral dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds developed for herding.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Their ability to be trained to act on the sound of a whistle or word of command is renowned throughout the world.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Collies are recommended as herding dogs.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ All herding behavior is modified predatory behavior.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Collapse of Smile __knowledge__ The collapse of \"Smile\"—the projected 12th studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys—is often reported as the pivotal episode in their decline, as well as the decline of their principal songwriter Brian Wilson.", "Collapse of Smile __knowledge__ The original \"Smile\" sessions lasted from August 1966 to May 1967.", "Collapse of Smile __knowledge__ The album's subsequent cancellation has been attributed to several factors: internal power struggles; legal battles with Capitol Records; the prolonged formation of Brother Records; technical difficulties with recording; Carl Wilson's draft battle; and Brian Wilson's escalating substance abuse, mental health issues, and creative dissatisfaction.", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ Smiley Smile is the 12th studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on September 18, 1967.", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ The album reached number 9 on UK record charts, but sold poorly in the US, peaking at number 41—the band's lowest chart placement to that point.", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ Critics and fans generally received the album with confusion and disappointment.", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ Only one single was issued from \"Smiley Smile\": \"Heroes and Villains\".", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ \"Good Vibrations\" and \"Gettin' Hungry\" were also released, but the former was issued a year earlier, while the latter was not credited to the band.", "Smiley Smile __knowledge__ Devised as a simplified version of their then-forthcoming \"Smile\"—a different, much more elaborately constructed LP—\"Smiley Smile\" contrasts significantly with its minimalist approach and lo-fi production.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ After signing with Capitol Records in 1962, Wilson wrote or co-wrote more than two dozen Top 40 hits for the group.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In addition to his lifelong struggles with mental illness, Wilson is known for his unorthodox approaches to pop composition and mastery of recording techniques, and he is widely acknowledged as one of the most innovative and significant songwriters of the late 20th century.", "Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The Beach Boys were formed by Brian, his brothers Carl and Dennis, their cousin Mike Love, and friend Al Jardine.", "Brian Wilson Presents Smile __knowledge__ Brian Wilson Presents Smile (also referred to as Smile or the abbreviation BWPS) is the sixth studio album by Brian Wilson, released in September 2004.", "Brian Wilson Presents Smile __knowledge__ Its production began as a series of concert performances which were then adapted for a studio album, as well as a 2005 direct-to-video concert film of the same name.", "Brian Wilson Presents Smile __knowledge__ The album received great acclaim and earned Wilson his first Grammy Award, later being featured in several \"greatest albums\" lists.", "Brian Wilson Presents Smile __knowledge__ Upon release, it peaked at number 7 on the UK Albums Chart.", "Brian Wilson Presents Smile __knowledge__ The project was originally conceived in 1966 as \"Smile\", a concept album recorded by the Beach Boys written in collaboration between Wilson and lyricist Van Dyke Parks.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service.", "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother __knowledge__ Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon (4 August 1900 – 30 March 2002) was the wife of King George VI and the mother of Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon.", "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother __knowledge__ She was Queen of the United Kingdom and the Dominions from her husband's accession in 1936 until his death in 1952, after which she was known as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, to avoid confusion with her daughter.", "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother __knowledge__ She was the last Empress of India.", "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother __knowledge__ Born into a family of British nobility, she came to prominence in 1923 when she married the Duke of York, the second son of King George V and Queen Mary.", "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother __knowledge__ The couple and their daughters embodied traditional ideas of family and public service.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "RMS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ The RMS \"Queen Elizabeth\" was an ocean liner operated by Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ With \"\" she provided weekly luxury liner service between Southampton in the United Kingdom and New York City in the United States, via Cherbourg in France.", "RMS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ She was also contracted for over 20 years to carry the Royal Mail thus enabling her to carry the prestigious Royal Mail Ship (RMS) designation, as the second half of the two ships' weekly express service.", "RMS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ While being constructed in the mid-1930s by John Brown and Company at Clydebank, Scotland, the build was known as \"Hull 552\".", "RMS Queen Elizabeth __knowledge__ Launched on 27 September 1938, she was named in honour of Queen Elizabeth, then Queen Consort to King George VI, who became the Queen Mother in 1952.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year.", "Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II __knowledge__ The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II was a multinational celebration throughout 2012, that marked the 60th anniversary of the accession of Queen Elizabeth II on 6 February 1952.", "Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II __knowledge__ Queen Elizabeth is queen regnant of 16 sovereign states, known as Commonwealth realms, including the United Kingdom.", "Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II __knowledge__ The only other time in British history that a monarch celebrated a Diamond Jubilee was in 1897, when Queen Victoria celebrated hers.", "Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II __knowledge__ Commemorative events were held throughout the Commonwealth of Nations.", "Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II __knowledge__ Unlike the Queen's Silver and Golden Jubilees, when the Queen toured most of her realms around the world, Elizabeth II and her husband Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, toured only the United Kingdom.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Casco-class cutter __knowledge__ The \"Casco\" class was a large class of United States Coast Guard cutters in commission from the late 1940s through the late 1980s.", "Casco-class cutter __knowledge__ They saw service as weather reporting ships in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans until the early 1970s, and some saw combat service during the Vietnam War.", "Casco-class cutter __knowledge__ Between 1941 and 1946, the United States Navy acquired 35 \"Barnegat\"-class small seaplane tenders, designated \"AVP\" in the Navys alphanumeric hull numbering system and designed to logistically and administratively support a squadron of flying boats operating from undeveloped areas and, with a substantial anti-air, antisurface, and antisubmarine capability, to escort larger seaplane tenders.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ On July 18, 1946, Macio Snipes was fatally shot in the back hours after casting his vote in the Georgia Democratic primary.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ Snipes was the first and only African American to vote in a Democratic primary.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ During this time the KKK were a in prime period of their movement.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ The Ku Klux Klan is notorious for encouraging extremist practices of white supremacy in the Southern United States.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ They were responsible for multiple lynchings of black people who decided to vote following Snipes' murder.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ For example, two black couples were lynched five days later.", "Murder of Maceo Snipes __knowledge__ Prior to the election, they made threats to lynch any black person who dared to cast a vote.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ The alpaca (\"Vicugna pacos\") is a domesticated species of South American camelid.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ Alpacas are similar to llamas, and are often confused with them.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ The two animals are closely related, and can successfully cross-breed.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ They are also closely related to the vicuña, which is believed to be the alpaca's wild ancestor, and to the guanaco.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ There are two breeds of alpaca: the and the Huacaya alpaca.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ Alpacas are kept in herds that graze on the level heights of the Andes of southern Peru, western Bolivia, Ecuador, and northern Chile at an altitude of to above sea level, throughout the year.", "Alpaca __knowledge__ Alpacas are considerably smaller than llamas, and unlike llamas, they were not bred to be beasts of burden, but were bred specifically for their fiber.", "Ornate shrew __knowledge__ The ornate shrew (\"Sorex ornatus\"), is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae (shrews).", "Ornate shrew __knowledge__ It is endemic to western North America, ranging from Northern California in the United States to Baja California in Mexico.", "Ornate shrew __knowledge__ Eight subspecies are known, including the extinct tule shrew (\"S. o. juncensis\"), known only from four specimens collected in 1905, and the Suisun ornate shrew (\"S. o. sinuosus\"), a species of conservation concern in California.", "Ornate shrew __knowledge__ Through skull morphology research and genetic testing on Ornate shrew populations, it has been shown that there are three main genetic subdivisions: The Southern, Central and Northern.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ Cocker Spaniels are dogs belonging to two breeds of the spaniel dog type: the American Cocker Spaniel and the English Cocker Spaniel, both of which are commonly called simply \"Cocker Spaniel\" in their countries of origin.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, Cocker Spaniels also included small hunting Spaniels.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ Cocker Spaniels were originally bred as hunting dogs in the United Kingdom, with the term \"cocker\" deriving from their use to hunt the Eurasian woodcock.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ When the breed was brought to the United States, it was bred to a different standard, which enabled it to specialize in hunting the American woodcock.", "Toy Manchester Terrier __knowledge__ The Toy Manchester Terrier is a breed of dog, categorized as a terrier.", "Toy Manchester Terrier __knowledge__ The breed was bred down in size in North America from the Manchester Terrier, and is placed in the Toy Group by the American Kennel Club and the Canadian Kennel Club (the Manchester Terrier is placed in the Terrier Group.)", "Toy Manchester Terrier __knowledge__ Neither the Fédération Cynologique Internationale nor The Kennel Club recognize a Toy variety of the Manchester Terrier.", "Toy Manchester Terrier __knowledge__ The Manchester Terrier, from which the Toy Manchester Terrier was bred, was developed in the 19th century from crosses between an old Black and Tan Terrier with the Whippet, along with other breeds, primarily for rat-catching.In England, another breed was also developed in the 19th century in Manchester, the English Toy Terrier, as a separate breed from the Manchester Terrier.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs may include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The Great Western Railway was a railway company that was dominant in West Wales, in the United Kingdom.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The main line from Swansea to Neyland, a port on Milford Haven, was opened as a broad gauge line by the South Wales Railway from 1852, and that company merged with the Great Western Railway in 1862.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The main line was converted to \"narrow gauge\" (later known as \"standard gauge\") in 1872, and most of the original main line is in use today.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ Several independent lines were opened in West Wales, and at the \"grouping\" of the railways in 1923 most of them were absorbed by the Great Western Railway.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ Some of them were chiefly mineral railways, and many have closed as the industries they served declined.", "Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture __knowledge__ Animal genetic resources for food and agriculture are a subset of genetic resources (defined by the Convention on Biological Diversity as \"genetic material of actual or potential value\") and a specific element of agricultural biodiversity.", "Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture __knowledge__ The term animal genetic resources is often used to refer specifically to the genetic resources of avian and mammalian species used in or potentially used for food and agriculture purposes.", "Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture __knowledge__ The term \"animal genetic resources for food and agriculture\" is often shortened to \"farm animal genetic resources\" or simply \"animal genetic resources\" and sometimes referred to as \"livestock biodiversity\" or simply \"livestock diversity\".", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is one of two separate dog breeds known as Welsh corgis that originated in Wales, predating the other breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Cardigan Welsh Corgis are known to be an extremely loyal dog breed.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ However, they benefit from regular physical and mental stimulation.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in dog shows in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.", "Cardigan Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Corgi Club was founded in December, 1925 in Carmarthen in South Wales." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke is the more popular breed of dog, with the Cardigan Welsh Corgi appearing on The Kennel Club's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ There are several physical differences between the two types according to the breed standards: the Cardigan is larger overall, both in weight and in height.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Traditionally, the tails were of different shapes, but docking had previously been used.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ With regards to their health, according to a 2004 survey, they both had similar lifespans, although kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembrokes.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ Speech recognition is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ It is also known as \"automatic speech recognition\" (ASR), \"computer speech recognition\", or just \"speech to text\" (STT).", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ It incorporates knowledge and research in the linguistics, computer science, and electrical engineering fields.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ Some speech recognition systems require \"training\" (also called \"enrollment\") where an individual speaker reads text or isolated vocabulary into the system.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tilt Rotor Squadron 165 (VMM-165) is a United States Marine Corps Tilt-rotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"White Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Provide assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Be prepared for short-notice, worldwide employment in support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 was activated on July 1, 1965 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 164 (VMM-164), is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron operating the MV-22B Osprey.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Known as the \"Knightriders\", they fall under the command Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ They are based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 164 (HMM-164) was activated under LtCol.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ Herbert J. Blaha on July 1, 1964 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36.", "VMM-164 __knowledge__ In August 1965 the squadron transferred to Marine Wing Support Group 37 at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California.", "List of Father Ted characters __knowledge__ Father Ted is a sitcom produced by independent production company Hat Trick Productions for British broadcaster Channel 4, running for three series and a special from 21 April 1995 until 1 May 1998 over 25 episodes.", "List of Father Ted characters __knowledge__ The main characters comprised Father Ted Crilly (Dermot Morgan) and his fellow priests Father Dougal McGuire (Ardal O'Hanlon) and Father Jack Hackett (Frank Kelly), all exiled on Craggy Island living together with the fourth main character, housekeeper Mrs Doyle (Pauline McLynn).", "List of Father Ted characters __knowledge__ All four actors appeared from the first to the last episodes, from \"Good Luck, Father Ted\" to \"Going to America\".", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi (; Welsh for \"dwarf dog\") is a cattle herding dog breed which originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ It is one of two breeds known as a Welsh Corgi.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The other is the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, and both descend from the line that is the northern spitz-type dog (examples include that of the Siberian Husky).", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Another theory is that Pembrokes are descended from the Swedish Vallhunds, which were crossed with the local Welsh herding dogs.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the younger of the two Corgi breeds and is a separate and distinct breed from the Cardigan.", "Pembroke Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The corgi is one of the smallest dogs in the Herding Group.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The Great Western Railway was a railway company that was dominant in West Wales, in the United Kingdom.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The main line from Swansea to Neyland, a port on Milford Haven, was opened as a broad gauge line by the South Wales Railway from 1852, and that company merged with the Great Western Railway in 1862.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ The main line was converted to \"narrow gauge\" (later known as \"standard gauge\") in 1872, and most of the original main line is in use today.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ Several independent lines were opened in West Wales, and at the \"grouping\" of the railways in 1923 most of them were absorbed by the Great Western Railway.", "The Great Western Railway in West Wales __knowledge__ Some of them were chiefly mineral railways, and many have closed as the industries they served declined.", "Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse __knowledge__ \"Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse\" is the sixth episode of the third series of the sitcom \"Father Ted\", and the 23rd episode overall.", "Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse __knowledge__ It originally aired on Channel 4 on 17 April 1998; its story continues from the previous episode, \"Escape from Victory\".", "Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse __knowledge__ In the episode, the main character Father Ted Crilly must kick his strict and overbearing superior Bishop Brennan in the buttocks (\"up the arse\") as a forfeit set in the previous episode by Father Dick Byrne for cheating at a football match.", "Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse __knowledge__ The writers of \"Father Ted\", Graham Linehan and Arthur Mathews, named \"Kicking Bishop Brennan Up the Arse\" as their favourite episode in a documentary aired during Channel 4's \"Father Ted Night\"; \"Speed 3\" was chosen by a vote on the Channel 4 website.", "Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway __knowledge__ The Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway was a broad gauge railway company that was intended to connect Carmarthen (on the South Wales Railway main line) and Cardigan, in south-west Wales.", "Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway __knowledge__ In fact it was unable to raise the necessary capital and was loss-making from the time of opening the first short section of its line in 1860, and it was in receivership for much of its life.", "Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway __knowledge__ It eventually reached Llandyssil in 1864, and never extended further during its independent existence.", "Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway __knowledge__ Its station at Carmarthen became the focus of several independent cross-country railways which made junctions with it, and for a time the toll charges for the short distances used by their trains was useful income, but the line never became solvent and it sold its concern to the Great Western Railway in 1882.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts." ] ]

[ 1, 27, 2, 6, 8 ]

[ "I love dogs! What kind? I've seen so many Welsh Corgis out lately -- I wonder if the attention on the Royals has influenced that. I find it funny Corgi = Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"!", "Wow! What do you love about them? Are you at Queen Elizabeth levels -- she's owned more than 30 since she was a child!", "Ha! That's a sweet description. I understand there are two different breeds -- the Pembroke and the Cardigan? Do you have one or the other?", "The Pembroke is evidently the most popular, and traditionally the tails were of different shapes -- BUT docking means that you can't really tell. The Cardigan is evidently larger...", "In regard to health, they're similar -- though kidney or urethral conditions are more likely in the Pembroke." ]

[ "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi", "Welsh Corgi" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "That's amazing, what does it take to be a reader?", "How long does it take to get proper skills to read?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Fantastic was an American digest size fantasy and science fiction magazine, published from 1952 to 1980.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ It was founded by Ziff Davis as a fantasy companion to \"Amazing Stories\".", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Early sales were good, and Ziff Davis quickly decided to switch \"Amazing\" from pulp format to digest, and to cease publication of their other science fiction pulp, \"Fantastic Adventures\".", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Within a few years sales fell, and Howard Browne, the editor, was forced to switch the focus to science fiction rather than fantasy.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Browne lost interest in the magazine as a result and the magazine generally ran poor quality fiction in the mid-1950s, under Browne and his successor, Paul W. Fairman.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane \"M.J.\" Watson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Created by Stan Lee and John Romita, Sr.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character made her first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Since then she has gone on to become Peter Parker’s main love interest and later his wife.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character has been portrayed by Kirsten Dunst in the three \"Spider-Man\" feature films directed by Sam Raimi (2002–2007) and by Shailene Woodley in deleted scenes of the 2014 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\".", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane Watson, is first mentioned in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #15 (August 1964), and is initially used as a running joke of the series, as Peter Parker's Aunt May repeatedly attempts to set her unwilling nephew up on a date with her.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ Fantastic Adventures was an American pulp fantasy and science fiction magazine, published from 1939 to 1953 by Ziff-Davis.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ It was initially edited by Raymond A. Palmer, who was also the editor of \"Amazing Stories\", Ziff-Davis's other science fiction title.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ The first nine issues were in bedsheet format, but in June 1940 the magazine switched to a standard pulp size.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ It was almost cancelled at the end of 1940, but the October 1940 issue enjoyed unexpectedly good sales, helped by a strong cover by J. Allen St. John for Robert Moore Williams' \"Jongor of Lost Land\".", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ By May 1941 the magazine was on a regular monthly schedule.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends\" characters.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Bobby Drake (Iceman), and Angelica Jones (Firestar) are all college students at Empire State University.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ After working together to defeat the Beetle and recovering the \"Power Booster\" he stole from Tony Stark (a.k.a.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Iron Man, who rewards them with the advanced computer systems seen in several episodes and the opening titles) the trio decide to team-up permanently as the \"Spider-Friends\".", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ They live together in Peter's Aunt May's home with her and a pet dog, Ms.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Lion, a Lhasa Apso, who often acts as comic relief.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "Really Love __knowledge__ \"Really Love\" is a song performed by American neo soul singer D'Angelo (officially credited to D'Angelo and the Vanguard), issued as the first single from his third studio album \"Black Messiah\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ It was his first single since 2008's \"I Found My Smile Again\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was written by D'Angelo (credited under his real name, Michael Archer) along with Vanguard member Kendra Foster; the Spanish spoken-word segment was written and performed by Gina Figueroa.", "Really Love __knowledge__ It contains a sample of \"We the People Who Are Darker Than Blue\" by Curtis Mayfield.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was produced by D'Angelo.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The string section heard during the intro was arranged and conducted by Brent Fischer.", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ \"When You Dance I Can Really Love\" is the ninth track on Neil Young's 1970 album \"After the Gold Rush\".", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ It was written by Young.", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ It was released as a single in the U.S. in 1971, reaching #93 in the Billboard charts.", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ It was also released as a single in Japan.", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ The official Neil Young website gives the title as \"When You Dance I Can Really Love\"; however, the CD release (US catalogue number 2283-2, Europe 7599-27243-2) has the title misprinted as \"When You Dance You Can Really Love.\"", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ The correct title appears on other albums, such as \"Live Rust.\"", "When You Dance I Can Really Love __knowledge__ It also appears in Young's handwritten lyrics included with some copies of the album.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Rana Dajani is a Jordanian molecular biologist and Associate Professor at Hashemite University.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Dajani earned a Ph.D. in molecular biology in 2005 from the University of Iowa.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ She has fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, and Eisenhower Fellowship.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ Dr. Dajani is a Fulbright scholar alumna, having received two Fulbright awards.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ She is a former Yale visiting professor at the Yale stem cell center and visiting Scholar at both University of Cambridge and the Stem Cell Therapy Center, Jordan.", "Rana Dajani __knowledge__ The UK-based \"Muslim Science Magazine\" praised her as one of the most influential women scientists in the Islamic World; and she was ranked #13 among the \"100 Most Powerful Arab Women\" in \"CEO Middle East Magazine\".", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Dilbert __knowledge__ Dilbert is an American comic strip written and illustrated by Scott Adams, first published on April 16, 1989.", "Dilbert __knowledge__ The strip is known for its satirical office humor about a white-collar, micromanaged office featuring engineer Dilbert as the title character.", "Dilbert __knowledge__ The strip has spawned dozens of books, an animated television series, a video game, and hundreds of Dilbert-themed merchandise items.", "Dilbert __knowledge__ \"Dilbert Future\" and \"The Joy of Work\" are among the most read books in the series.", "Dilbert __knowledge__ Adams received the National Cartoonists Society Reuben Award in 1997 and the Newspaper Comic Strip Award in the same year for his work on the strip.", "List of Dilbert characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in Scott Adams' \"Dilbert\" comic strip.", "List of Dilbert characters __knowledge__ The main character in the strip, Dilbert is a stereotypical technically-minded single male.", "List of Dilbert characters __knowledge__ Prior to October 2014, he was usually wearing a white dress shirt, black trousers and a red-and-black striped tie that inexplicably curves upward; since then, he has worn a red polo shirt with a name badge on a lanyard around his neck.", "List of Dilbert characters __knowledge__ Dilbert received his master's degree in electrical engineering from MIT; he understands engineering well and has good ideas, but has a poor social life.", "List of Dilbert characters __knowledge__ Neither attractive nor blessed with tremendous social graces, Dilbert is capable, but ignored at work and struggles with his romantic life.", "Location arithmetic __knowledge__ Location arithmetic (Latin \"arithmeticæ localis\") is the additive (non-positional) binary numeral systems, which John Napier explored as a computation technique in his treatise \"Rabdology\" (1617), both symbolically and on a chessboard-like grid.", "Location arithmetic __knowledge__ Napier's terminology, derived from using the positions of counters on the board to represent numbers, is potentially misleading in current vocabulary because the numbering system is non-positional.", "Location arithmetic __knowledge__ During Napier's time, most of the computations were made on boards with tally-marks or jetons.", "Location arithmetic __knowledge__ So, unlike how it may be seen by the modern reader, his goal was not to use moves of counters on a board to multiply, divide and find square roots, but rather to find a way to compute symbolically.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Proper time __knowledge__ In relativity, proper time along a timelike world line is defined as the time as measured by a clock following that line.", "Proper time __knowledge__ It is thus independent of coordinates, and a Lorentz scalar.", "Proper time __knowledge__ The proper time interval between two events on a world line is the change in proper time.", "Proper time __knowledge__ This interval is the quantity of interest, since proper time itself is fixed only up to an arbitrary additive constant, namely the setting of the clock at some event along the world line.", "Proper time __knowledge__ The proper time between two events depends not only on the events but also the world line connecting them, and hence on the motion of the clock between the events.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it, and understand its meaning.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Although this definition may seem simple, it is not necessarily simple to teach, learn or practice.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ An individual's ability to comprehend text is influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make inferences.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ There are a number of approaches to improve reading comprehension, including improving one's vocabulary and reading strategies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Reading for special needs has become an area of interest as the understanding of reading has improved.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Teaching children with special needs how to read was not historically pursued due to perspectives of a Reading Readiness model.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This model assumes that a reader must learn to read in a hierarchical manner such that one skill must be mastered before learning the next skill (e.g., a child might be expected to learn the names of the letters in the alphabet in the correct order before being taught how to read his or her name).", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This approach often led to teaching sub-skills of reading in a decontextualized manner.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Literacy __knowledge__ Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write .", "Literacy __knowledge__ The modern term's meaning has been expanded to include the ability to use language, numbers, images, computers, and other basic means to understand, communicate, gain useful knowledge, solve mathematical problems and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture.", "Literacy __knowledge__ The concept of literacy is expanding in OECD countries to include skills to access knowledge through technology and ability to assess complex contexts.", "Literacy __knowledge__ A person who travels and resides in a foreign country but is unable to read or write in the language of the host country would also be regarded by the locals as being illiterate.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Reciprocal teaching is an instructional activity that takes the form of a dialogue between teachers and students regarding segments of text for the purpose of constructing the meaning of text.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Reciprocal teaching is a reading technique which is thought to promote students' reading comprehension.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ A reciprocal approach provides students with four specific reading strategies that are actively and consciously used to support comprehension: Questioning, Clarifying, Summarizing, and Predicting.", "Reciprocal teaching __knowledge__ Palincsar (1986) believes the purpose of reciprocal teaching is to facilitate a group effort between teacher and students as well as among students in the task of bringing meaning to the text.", "Phonics __knowledge__ Phonics is a method for teaching reading and writing of the English language by developing learners' phonemic awareness—the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes—in order to teach the correspondence between these sounds and the spelling patterns (graphemes) that represent them.", "Phonics __knowledge__ The goal of phonics is to enable beginning readers to decode new written words by sounding them out, or, in phonics terms, \"blending\" the sound-spelling patterns.", "Phonics __knowledge__ Since it focuses on the spoken and written units within words, phonics is a sublexical approach and, as a result, is often contrasted with whole language, a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 58 ]

[ "I really love reading! ", "Well, you need to decode symbols to be able to see the meaning, this is called reading comprehension. It's basic knowledge with complex term.", "It depends, for a person that catches quickly who reads often it comes automatic, effortless and is not a long process. The process of learning, however, is complex and it depends on the person, like I said." ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion\nMost of my friends are extroverts.", "I think I am probably in between.", "It depends on the situation. I am more comfortable in smaller groups of close friends.", "That makes sense.", "I could see that being the case. It does seem like a person would lean more one way than another." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is the physiological and psychological state of being awoken or of sense organs stimulated to a point of perception.", "Arousal __knowledge__ It involves activation of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) in the brain, which mediates wakefulness, the autonomic nervous system, and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility, and readiness to respond.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is mediated by several different neural systems.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Wakefulness is regulated by the ARAS, which is composed of projections from five major neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem and form connections extending throughout the cortex; activity within the ARAS is regulated by neurons that release the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ The psychology of music preference refers to the psychological factors behind peoples' different music preferences.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Music is heard by people daily in many parts of the world, and affects people in various ways from emotion regulation to cognitive development, along with providing a means for self-expression.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Music training has been shown to help improve intellectual development and ability, though no connection has been found as to how it affects emotion regulation.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Numerous studies have been conducted to show that individual personality can have an effect on music preference, mostly using the Big Five personality traits.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ Musical memory refers to the ability to remember music-related information, such as melodic content and other progressions of tones or pitches.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ The differences found between linguistic memory and musical memory have led researchers to theorize that musical memory is encoded differently from language and may constitute an independent part of the phonological loop.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ The use of this term is problematic, however, since it implies input from a verbal system, whereas music is in principle nonverbal.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ Consistent with hemispheric lateralization, there is evidence to suggest that the left and right hemispheres of the brain are responsible for different components of musical memory.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Temperament Isolation Theory, also known as personality bias or personality discrimination, is a recent social science theory that attempts to explain how cultures favor a specific temperament and how they view and interact with those of other or opposite temperaments.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ The first concepts of the theory were explored by Susan Cain in her book \"\" where she looked at how western cultures, particularly the United States, value extroversion over introversion and how that could possibly make it difficult for introverts to thrive in society.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Northern Arizona University professor Jorge Rodriguez III took the idea a step further and viewed how the opposite could be viewed in eastern cultures where introversion is valued over extroversion.", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ Quiet Revolution LLC is a privately owned, mission-based, for-profit, American company formed with a stated mission “to unlock the power of introverts for the benefit of us all.” The company has initiatives for business, government, office space planning, education, lifestyle and parenting.", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ Quiet Revolution was formally launched in 2015 based on principles in Susan Cain’s 2012 book \".\"", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ On January 24, 2012, Susan Cain published the non-fiction book \",\" becoming the focus of \"Time\" magazine's February 6, 2012 cover article and delivering a February 28, 2012 TED talk whose video reached its first million views faster than any previous TED video.", "Individual variation in second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Individual variation in second-language acquisition is the study of why some people learn a second language better than others.", "Individual variation in second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Unlike children who acquire a language, adults learning a second language rarely reach the same level of competence as native speakers of that language.", "Individual variation in second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Some may stop studying a language before they have fully internalized it, and others may stop improving despite living in a foreign country for many years.", "Individual variation in second-language acquisition __knowledge__ It also appears that children are more likely than adults to reach native-like competence in a second language.", "Individual variation in second-language acquisition __knowledge__ There have been many studies that have attempted to explain these phenomena." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Think Tank is the seventh studio album by the English rock band Blur, released in May 2003.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Continuing the jam-based studio constructions of the group's previous album, \"13\" (1999), the album expanded on the use of sampled rhythm loops and brooding, heavy electronic sounds.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ There are also heavy influences from dance music, hip hop, dub, jazz, and African music, an indication of songwriter Damon Albarn's expanding musical interests.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions started in November 2001, taking place in London, Morocco and Devon, and finished a year later.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ The album's primary producer was Ben Hillier with additional production by Norman Cook (Fatboy Slim), and William Orbit.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Think Global __knowledge__ Think Global was an electric car company located in Oslo, Norway, which manufactured cars under the \"TH!NK\" brand.", "Think Global __knowledge__ Production of the Th!nk City was stopped in March 2011 and the company filed for bankruptcy on June 22, 2011, for the fourth time in 20 years.", "Think Global __knowledge__ The company was bought soon after by Electric Mobility Solutions AS and production ceased in August 2012 with no more announcements regarding future production.", "Think Global __knowledge__ , a total of 2,500 units had been manufactured at Oslo-based TH!NK’s production facility.", "Think Global __knowledge__ The company was founded in January 1991 in Oslo, as Pivco (for Personal Independent Vehicle Company).", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Prospect is a monthly British general interest magazine, specialising in politics, economics and current affairs.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Topics include British, European, and US politics, social issues, art, literature, cinema, science, the media, history, philosophy, and psychology.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ It features a mixture of lengthy analytic articles, first-person reportage, one-page columns, and shorter, quirky items.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Notable features of the magazine include head-to-head debates between two writers with opposing views on a subject; roundtable discussions, in which a series of experts with varying views on a given topic meet for a discussion, an edited transcript of which is published in the magazine; and interviews with major political and cultural figures (recent examples include Orhan Pamuk, Paul Wolfowitz, and Hilary Mantel).", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a group containing 144–320 species (estimates vary) of bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented marine worms.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ \"Sipuncula\" signifies \"little tube or siphon\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ Traditionally considered a phylum, they might be a subgroup of phylum Annelida based on recent molecular work.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The first species of this phylum was described in 1827 by the French zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville who named it \"Sipunculus vulgaris\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ A related species was later described as \"Golfingia macintoshii\" by E. Ray Lankester.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The specimen was provided by a friend of his, Professor Mackintosh.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ Phascolopsis gouldii is a species of unsegmented benthic marine worm, also known as a peanut worm or star worm.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ It lives in burrows in muddy sand in shallow waters off North America.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ \"Phascolopsis gouldii\" can reach thirty centimetres long and is a smooth slender cylindrical shape.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ The body is pinkish and divided into an anterior introvert and a posterior trunk.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ The introvert is about one quarter of the length of the body and can be retracted inside it by turning outside in.", "Phascolopsis gouldii __knowledge__ This is done by the contraction of two pairs of large introvert retractor muscles which extend from the body wall of the trunk to near the mouth which is at the tip of the introvert in the centre of the oral disc.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ Maotianshania cylindrica is an extinct worm-like creature of average size (up to long and wide).", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ It occurs in the Lower Cambrian (Atdabanian) Chengjiang biota of Northeastern Yunnan, China.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ It is usually preserved as pink impression.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ The gut is a dark central zone.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ The anterior pharyx and \"collar\", carry tiny sepia-colored teeth.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ The very back-end of the body has two small hooks.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ \"Maotianshania\" has been named for the Maotianshan shales, home to the famous Chengjiang Lagerstätte.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ The body of \"Maotianshania\" is worm-like, up to 4 cm in length and 2 mm wide, having 3-4 rings (or annuli) per mm.", "Maotianshania __knowledge__ Like its relatives \"Cricocosmia\" and \"Palaeoscolex\", it is usually preserved as a very thin pink impression on the buff-colored matrix that is characteristic for the Maotianshan shales.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Carl Gustav Jung (; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ His work has been influential not only in psychiatry but also in anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ As a notable research scientist based at the famous Burghölzli hospital, under Eugen Bleuler, he came to the attention of the Viennese founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ The two men conducted a lengthy correspondence and collaborated on an initially joint vision of human psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Freud saw in the younger man the potential heir he had been seeking to carry on his \"new science\" of psychoanalysis.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Susan Horowitz Cain (born 1968) is an American writer and lecturer, and author of the 2012 non-fiction book \",\" which argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ In 2015, Cain co-founded Quiet Revolution, a mission-based company with initiatives in the areas of children (parenting and education), lifestyle, and the workplace.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Cain's 2016 follow-on book, \",\" focused on introverted children and teens, the book also being directed to their educators and parents.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Cain graduated from Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1989 and earned her Juris Doctor degree from Harvard Law School in 1993." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Edda people __knowledge__ The people of Edda, also known as the Edda Egbebu, are a sub-group of the Igbo people in south-eastern Nigeria.", "Edda people __knowledge__ The land and people of Edda have been constitutionally designated the present day Afikpo South Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria.", "Edda people __knowledge__ Information on the Edda and their immediate neighbors has survived, barely, through a combination of folklore and an elaborate and highly ritualized priest-kingship evolved by the people; hence, the variations in accounts.", "Edda people __knowledge__ The oral interviews reflected in this study are subject to debate and criticism.", "Edda people __knowledge__ They commence with respondents’ opinions on the migration of Edda people and other “Clans” they interacted with prior to settling on their present site.", "Gift basket diplomacy __knowledge__ Gift basket diplomacy is an approach to multilateral negotiation aimed at pushing forward progress on a particular issue without the requirement of consensus.", "Gift basket diplomacy __knowledge__ The policy is most often seen in United Nations style diplomatic meetings where a particular group of countries wishes to take action or make a joint statement but is unable to do so without the consensus of all parties involved.", "Gift basket diplomacy __knowledge__ Gift basket diplomacy fundamentally is collective action agreed by smaller groups of participants that goes beyond the lowest common denominator consensus that larger groups often reach in large multilateral fora.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Srebrenica massacre __knowledge__ The Srebrenica massacre, also known as the Srebrenica genocide (), was the July 1995 genocide of more than 8,000 Muslim Bosniaks, mainly men and boys, in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War.", "Srebrenica massacre __knowledge__ The killings were perpetrated by units of the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) under the command of Ratko Mladić.", "Srebrenica massacre __knowledge__ The Scorpions, a paramilitary unit from Serbia, who had been part of the Serbian Interior Ministry until 1991, also participated in the massacre.", "Srebrenica massacre __knowledge__ In April 1993 the United Nations (UN) had declared the besieged enclave of Srebrenica—in the Drina Valley of northeastern Bosnia—a \"safe area\" under UN protection.", "Common chimpanzee __knowledge__ The common chimpanzee (\"Pan troglodytes\"), also known as the robust chimpanzee, is a species of great ape.", "Common chimpanzee __knowledge__ Colloquially, the common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee (or \"chimp\"), though this term can be used to refer to both species in the genus \"Pan\": the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo, formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee.", "Common chimpanzee __knowledge__ Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows both species of chimpanzee are the sister taxon to the modern human lineage.", "Common chimpanzee __knowledge__ The common chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Temperament Isolation Theory, also known as personality bias or personality discrimination, is a recent social science theory that attempts to explain how cultures favor a specific temperament and how they view and interact with those of other or opposite temperaments.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ The first concepts of the theory were explored by Susan Cain in her book \"\" where she looked at how western cultures, particularly the United States, value extroversion over introversion and how that could possibly make it difficult for introverts to thrive in society.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Northern Arizona University professor Jorge Rodriguez III took the idea a step further and viewed how the opposite could be viewed in eastern cultures where introversion is valued over extroversion.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ The two-factor model of personality is a widely used psychological factor analysis measurement of personality, behavior and temperament.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ It most often consists of a matrix measuring the factor of introversion and extroversion with some form of people versus task orientation.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ The Roman physician Galen mapped the four temperaments (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic) to a matrix of hot/cold and dry/wet, taken from the four classical elements.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ Two of these temperaments, sanguine and choleric, shared a common trait: quickness of response (corresponding to \"heat\"), while the melancholic and phlegmatic shared the opposite, a longer response (coldness).", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias, also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias is a variation of the more general tendency of apophenia.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation among individuals.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Its areas of focus include: \"Personality\" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences their environment, cognitions, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ The word \"personality\" originates from the Latin \"persona\", which means mask.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality also refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments, and behaviors consistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one's expectations, self-perceptions, values, and attitudes.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Susan Horowitz Cain (born 1968) is an American writer and lecturer, and author of the 2012 non-fiction book \",\" which argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ In 2015, Cain co-founded Quiet Revolution, a mission-based company with initiatives in the areas of children (parenting and education), lifestyle, and the workplace.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Cain's 2016 follow-on book, \",\" focused on introverted children and teens, the book also being directed to their educators and parents.", "Susan Cain __knowledge__ Cain graduated from Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1989 and earned her Juris Doctor degree from Harvard Law School in 1993." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ In the various branches of mathematics that fall under the heading of abstract algebra, the kernel of a homomorphism measures the degree to which the homomorphism fails to be injective.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ An important special case is the kernel of a linear map.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ The kernel of a matrix, also called the \"null space\", is the kernel of the linear map defined by the matrix.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ The definition of kernel takes various forms in various contexts.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ But in all of them, the kernel of a homomorphism is trivial (in a sense relevant to that context) if and only if the homomorphism is injective.", "Kernel (algebra) __knowledge__ The fundamental theorem on homomorphisms (or first isomorphism theorem) is a theorem, again taking various forms, that applies to the quotient algebra defined by the kernel.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Miscue analysis was originally developed by Ken Goodman for the purpose of understanding the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ It is a diagnostic tool that helps researchers/teachers gain insight into the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ The term \"miscue\" was initiated by Ken Goodman to describe an observed response in the reading process that does not match the expected response.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Goodman uses the term \"miscue,\" rather than \"error\" or \"mistake\" to avoid value implications.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ He states that the departures from the text are not necessarily a negative aspect of the reading process but rather \"windows on the reading process\" (Goodman, 1969, p. 123).", "Sign (mathematics) __knowledge__ In mathematics, the concept of sign originates from the property of every non-zero real number of being positive or negative.", "Sign (mathematics) __knowledge__ Zero itself is signless, although in some contexts it makes sense to consider a signed zero, and in some contexts it makes sense to call 0 its own sign.", "Sign (mathematics) __knowledge__ Along with its application to real numbers, \"change of sign\" is used throughout mathematics and physics to denote the additive inverse (negation, or multiplication by −1), even for quantities which are not real numbers (so, which are not prescribed to be either positive, negative, or zero).", "Sign (mathematics) __knowledge__ Also, the word \"sign\" can indicate aspects of mathematical objects that resemble positivity and negativity, such as the sign of a permutation (see below).", "Space (mathematics) __knowledge__ In mathematics, a space is a set (sometimes called a universe) with some added structure.", "Space (mathematics) __knowledge__ Mathematical spaces often form a hierarchy, i.e., one space may inherit all the characteristics of a parent space.", "Space (mathematics) __knowledge__ For instance, all inner product spaces are also normed vector spaces, because the inner product \"induces\" a norm on the inner product space such that: where the norm is indicated by enclosing in double vertical lines, and the inner product is indicated enclosing in by angle brackets.", "Space (mathematics) __knowledge__ Modern mathematics treats \"space\" quite differently compared to classical mathematics.", "Space (mathematics) __knowledge__ In the ancient mathematics, \"space\" was a geometric abstraction of the three-dimensional space observed in the everyday life.", "Pentagram map __knowledge__ In mathematics, the pentagram map is a discrete dynamical system on the moduli space of polygons in the projective plane.", "Pentagram map __knowledge__ The pentagram map takes a given polygon, finds the intersections of the shortest diagonals of the polygon, and constructs a new polygon from these intersections.", "Pentagram map __knowledge__ Richard Schwartz introduced the pentagram map for a general polygon in a 1992 paper though it seems that the special case, in which the map is defined for pentagons only, goes back to an 1871 paper of Alfred Clebsch and a 1945 paper of Theodore Motzkin.", "Pentagram map __knowledge__ The pentagram map is similar in spirit to the constructions underlying Desargues' Theorem and Poncelet's porism.", "Surreal number __knowledge__ In mathematics, the surreal number system is a totally ordered class containing the real numbers as well as infinite and infinitesimal numbers, respectively larger or smaller in absolute value than any positive real number.", "Surreal number __knowledge__ The surreals share many properties with the reals, including the usual arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division); as such, they form an ordered field.", "Surreal number __knowledge__ If formulated in Von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory, the surreal numbers are a universal ordered field in the sense that all other ordered fields, such as the rationals, the reals, the rational functions, the Levi-Civita field, the superreal numbers, and the hyperreal numbers, can be realized as subfields of the surreals.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation among individuals.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Its areas of focus include: \"Personality\" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences their environment, cognitions, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ The word \"personality\" originates from the Latin \"persona\", which means mask.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality also refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments, and behaviors consistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one's expectations, self-perceptions, values, and attitudes.", "Personality disorder __knowledge__ Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture.", "Personality disorder __knowledge__ These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are associated with significant distress or disability.", "Personality disorder __knowledge__ The definitions may vary somewhat, according to source.", "Personality disorder __knowledge__ Official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders are listed in the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\" (DSM) and the of the \"International Classification of Diseases\" (ICD).", "Enneagram of Personality __knowledge__ The Enneagram of Personality, or simply the Enneagram (from the Greek words [, meaning \"nine\"] and [, meaning something \"written\" or \"drawn\"]), is a description of the human psyche which is principally understood and taught as a typology of nine interconnected personality types.", "Enneagram of Personality __knowledge__ Although the origins and history of many of the ideas and theories associated with the Enneagram of Personality are a matter of dispute, contemporary Enneagram claims are principally derived from the teachings of Oscar Ichazo and Claudio Naranjo.", "Enneagram of Personality __knowledge__ Naranjo's theories were partly influenced by some earlier teachings of George Gurdjieff.", "Political psychology __knowledge__ Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field dedicated to understanding politics, politicians and political behavior from a psychological perspective.", "Political psychology __knowledge__ The relationship between politics and psychology is considered bi-directional, with psychology being used as a lens for understanding politics and politics being used as a lens for understanding psychology.", "Political psychology __knowledge__ As an interdisciplinary field, political psychology borrows from a wide range of other disciplines, including: anthropology, sociology, international relations, economics, philosophy, media, journalism and history.", "Political psychology __knowledge__ Political psychology aims to understand interdependent relationships between individuals and contexts that are influenced by beliefs, motivation, perception, cognition, information processing, learning strategies, socialization and attitude formation.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics, in psychology and sociology, is a theory of information processing and personality type, distinguished by its information model of the psyche (called \"Model A\") and a model of interpersonal relations.", "Socionics __knowledge__ It incorporates Carl Jung's work on \"Psychological Types\" with Antoni Kępiński's theory of information metabolism.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics is a modification of Jung's personality type theory that uses eight psychic functions, in contrast to Jung's model, which used only four.", "Socionics __knowledge__ These functions are supposed to process information at varying levels of competency and interact with the corresponding function in other individuals, giving rise to predictable reactions and impressions—a theory of intertype relations.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Katharine Cook Briggs __knowledge__ Katharine Cook Briggs (1875–1968) was co-creator, with her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers, of an inventory of personality type known as the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).", "Katharine Cook Briggs __knowledge__ Katharine Cook Briggs was born in 1875 to a family who promoted education for women as well as men.", "Katharine Cook Briggs __knowledge__ Her father was on the faculty of Michigan State, previously known as Michigan Agricultural College.", "Katharine Cook Briggs __knowledge__ After she graduated college she married Lyman James Briggs, a physicist and Director of the Bureau of Standards in Washington D.C. On October 18, 1897 Katharine and Lyman had their only child to survive infancy, Isabel Briggs Myers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Lean manufacturing __knowledge__ Lean manufacturing or lean production, often simply \"lean\", is a systematic method for waste minimization (\"Muda\") within a manufacturing system without sacrificing productivity.", "Lean manufacturing __knowledge__ Lean also takes into account waste created through overburden (\"Muri\") and waste created through unevenness in work loads (\"Mura\").", "Lean manufacturing __knowledge__ Working from the perspective of the client who consumes a product or service, \"value\" is any action or process that a customer would be willing to pay for.", "Lean manufacturing __knowledge__ Lean manufacturing makes obvious what adds value, by reducing everything else (which is not adding value).", "Lean manufacturing __knowledge__ This management philosophy is derived mostly from the Toyota Production System (TPS) and identified as \"lean\" only in the 1990s.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ Ambidexterity is the state of being equally adapted in the use of both the left and the right hand.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ When referring to objects, the concept indicates that the object is equally suitable for right- and left-handed people.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ When referring to humans, it indicates that a person has no marked preference for the use of the right or left hand.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ Only about one percent of people are naturally ambidextrous.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ In more modern times, it is common to find some people considered ambidextrous who were originally left-handed and who learned to be ambidextrous, either deliberately or as a result of training in schools or in jobs where right-handed habits are often emphasized or required.", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria.", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ Chechen society has traditionally been organized around many autonomous local clans, called taips.", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ The traditional Chechen saying goes that the members of Chechen society, like its taips, are (ideally) \"free and equal like wolves\".", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ Jaimoukha notes in his book \"Chechens\" that sadly, \"Vainakh history is perhaps the most poorly studied of the peoples of the North Caucasus.", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ Much research effort was expended upon the Russo-Circassian war, most falsified at that.\"", "History of Chechnya __knowledge__ There was once a library of Chechen history scripts, written in Chechen (and possibly some in Georgian) using Arabic and Georgian script; however, this was destroyed by Stalin and wiped from record (see - 1944 Deportation; Aardakh).", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ Counterfactual thinking is a concept in psychology that involves the human tendency to create possible alternatives to life events that have already occurred; something that is contrary to what actually happened.", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ Counterfactual thinking is, as it states: \"counter to the facts\".", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ These thoughts consist of the \"What if?\"", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ and the \"If I had only...\" that occur when thinking of how things could have turned out differently.", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ Counterfactual thoughts include things that – in the present – now could never happen in reality because they solely pertain to events that have occurred in the past.", "Counterfactual thinking __knowledge__ \"Counterfactual\" literally means contrary to the facts.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Anger __knowledge__ Anger or wrath is an intense emotional response.", "Anger __knowledge__ It is an emotion that involves a strong uncomfortable and hostile response to a perceived provocation, hurt or threat.", "Anger __knowledge__ Anger can occur when a person feels their personal boundaries are being or are going to be violated.", "Anger __knowledge__ Some have a learned tendency to react to anger through retaliation as a way of coping.", "Anger __knowledge__ Raymond Novaco of University of California Irvine, who since 1975 has published a plethora of literature on the subject, stratified anger into three modalities: cognitive (appraisals), somatic-affective (tension and agitations), and behavioral (withdrawal and antagonism).", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ Village Voice Media or VVM began in 1970 as a weekly alternative newspaper in Phoenix, Arizona.", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ The company, founded by Michael Lacey (editor) and Jim Larkin (publisher), was then known as New Times Inc. (NTI) and the publication was named \"New Times\".", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ The company was later renamed New Times Media.", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ By 2001 the company (NTI) had grown to 13 newspapers in major cities across the United States.", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ Most of these publications were acquired via purchase from then current owner/publishers.", "Village Voice Media __knowledge__ In 2006, with the acquisition of the Village Voice group of publications, the company took the name Village Voice Media Holdings." ] ]

[ 3, 0, 6, 7, 8 ]

[ "I am definitely an introvert, not outgoing at all. ", "So you don't like being alone but are good in crowds? Or how do you characterize your introversion/extroversion?", "I guess a lot of people feel they have a mix of both personality types.", "Also most people think that there has to be one side that is more dominant than the other.", "There is one idea that pins introverts as being more emotionally and inner driven while extroverts are more concerned with the outside world and things they interact with." ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion" ]

[ "Bird vocalization", "Really? That's, kind of odd. Did it sound nice at least?", "Yes, I live in an area where I can go in the woods to hike. There's lots of blue jays and other kinds. Do you have a favorite type of bird song?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations).", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the \"winnowing\" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Still others require song to have syllabic diversity and temporal regularity akin to the repetitive and transformative patterns that define music.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ It is generally agreed upon in birding and ornithology which sounds are songs and which are calls, and a good field guide will differentiate between the two.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird song is best developed in the order Passeriformes.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Some groups are nearly voiceless, producing only percussive and rhythmic sounds, such as the storks, which clatter their bills." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations).", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the \"winnowing\" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Still others require song to have syllabic diversity and temporal regularity akin to the repetitive and transformative patterns that define music.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ It is generally agreed upon in birding and ornithology which sounds are songs and which are calls, and a good field guide will differentiate between the two.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird song is best developed in the order Passeriformes.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Some groups are nearly voiceless, producing only percussive and rhythmic sounds, such as the storks, which clatter their bills.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Vices & Virtues __knowledge__ Vices & Virtues is the third studio album by American rock band Panic!", "Vices & Virtues __knowledge__ at the Disco, released on March 22, 2011 on Fueled by Ramen.", "Vices & Virtues __knowledge__ Produced by John Feldmann and Butch Walker, the album was recorded as a duo by vocalist and multi-instrumentalist Brendon Urie and drummer Spencer Smith, following the departure of lead guitarist, backing vocalist and primary lyricist Ryan Ross and bassist/backing vocalist Jon Walker in July 2009.", "Vices & Virtues __knowledge__ The album's artwork was conceptualized by touring bassist Dallon Weekes who was inducted as a full-time member of the band near the end of recording.", "Vices & Virtues __knowledge__ While Walker and Ross' exit left a hole in the Panic!", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Think Tank is the seventh studio album by the English rock band Blur, released in May 2003.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Continuing the jam-based studio constructions of the group's previous album, \"13\" (1999), the album expanded on the use of sampled rhythm loops and brooding, heavy electronic sounds.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ There are also heavy influences from dance music, hip hop, dub, jazz, and African music, an indication of songwriter Damon Albarn's expanding musical interests.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions started in November 2001, taking place in London, Morocco and Devon, and finished a year later.", "Think Tank (Blur album) __knowledge__ The album's primary producer was Ben Hillier with additional production by Norman Cook (Fatboy Slim), and William Orbit.", "Mimicry __knowledge__ In evolutionary biology, mimicry is a similarity of one organism, usually an animal, to another that has evolved because the resemblance is selectively favoured by the behaviour of a shared signal receiver that can respond to both.", "Mimicry __knowledge__ Mimicry may evolve between different species, or between individuals of the same species.", "Mimicry __knowledge__ Often, mimicry evolves to protect a species from predators, making it an antipredator adaptation.", "Mimicry __knowledge__ The resemblances that evolve in mimicry can be in appearance, behaviour, sound or scent.", "Mimicry __knowledge__ Mimicry may be to the advantage of both organisms that share a resemblance, in which case it is a mutualism, or mimicry can be to the detriment of one, making it parasitic or competitive.", "Jimmy Durante __knowledge__ James Francis Durante (February 10, 1893 – January 29, 1980) was an American singer, pianist, comedian, and actor.", "Jimmy Durante __knowledge__ His distinctive clipped gravelly speech, New York accent, comic language-butchery, jazz-influenced songs, and prominent nose helped make him one of America's most familiar and popular personalities of the 1920s through the 1970s.", "Jimmy Durante __knowledge__ He often referred to his nose as \"the Schnozzola\" (from the German \"Schnauze\" [nose]), and the word became his nickname.", "Jimmy Durante __knowledge__ Durante was born on the Lower East Side of New York City.", "Jimmy Durante __knowledge__ He was the youngest of four children born to Rosa (Lentino) and Bartolomeo Durante, both of whom were immigrants from Salerno, Italy.", "Mating call __knowledge__ A mating call is the auditory signal used by animals to attract mates.", "Mating call __knowledge__ It can occur in males or females, but literature is abundantly favored toward researching mating calls in males.", "Mating call __knowledge__ In addition, mating calls are often the subject of mate choice, in which the preferences of one gender for a certain type of mating call can drive sexual selection in a species.", "Mating call __knowledge__ This can result in sympatric speciation of some animals, where two species diverge from each other while living in the same environment.", "Mating call __knowledge__ There are many different mechanisms to produce mating calls, which can be broadly categorized into vocalizations and mechanical calls.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Behavioral ecology, also spelled behavioural ecology, is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behaviors that are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ If an organism has a trait that provides a selective advantage (i.e., has adaptive significance) in its environment, then natural selection favors it.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Adaptive significance refers to the expression of a trait that affects fitness, measured by an individual's reproductive success.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "Assortative mating __knowledge__ Assortative mating is a mating pattern and a form of sexual selection in which individuals with similar phenotypes mate with one another more frequently than would be expected under a random mating pattern.", "Assortative mating __knowledge__ Some examples of similar phenotypes body size, skin coloration/pigmentation, and age.", "Assortative mating __knowledge__ Assortative mating, also referred to as positive assortative mating or homogamy, can increase genetic relatedness within the family.", "Assortative mating __knowledge__ Assortative mating is the inverse of disassortative mating (also known as negative assortative mating or heterogamy), in which individuals with dissimilar genotypes and/or phenotypes mate with one another more frequently than would be expected under random mating." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations).", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the \"winnowing\" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Still others require song to have syllabic diversity and temporal regularity akin to the repetitive and transformative patterns that define music.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ It is generally agreed upon in birding and ornithology which sounds are songs and which are calls, and a good field guide will differentiate between the two.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird song is best developed in the order Passeriformes.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Some groups are nearly voiceless, producing only percussive and rhythmic sounds, such as the storks, which clatter their bills.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays are a Canadian professional baseball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Blue Jays compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the Rogers Centre.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The \"Blue Jays\" name originates from the bird of the same name, and blue is also the traditional colour of two of Toronto's other professional sports teams: the Maple Leafs (ice hockey) and the Argonauts (Canadian football).", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In addition, the team was originally owned by the Labatt Brewing Company, makers of the popular beer Labatt's Blue.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Colloquially nicknamed the \"Jays\", the team's official colours are royal blue, navy blue, red, and white.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2016 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 40th season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ They advanced to the playoffs where they defeated the Baltimore Orioles in the Wild Card Game and the Texas Rangers in the Division Series, before losing to the Cleveland Indians in five games in the American League Championship Series.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ General manager Alex Anthopoulos rejected a five-year contract extension on October 29, 2015, and team president Paul Beeston retired on October 31.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ New Blue Jays president and CEO Mark Shapiro, who assumed the roles on November 2, 2015, announced that Tony LaCava was assigned as the interim general manager and that John Gibbons would remain as the manager.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2015 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 39th season for the franchise, and the 26th full season of play (27th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays clinched a playoff berth on September 25, their first since 1993, ending what was the longest playoff drought in North American professional sports at the time.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ On September 30, the team clinched the American League East Division and opened the playoffs by defeating the Texas Rangers in five games, in the American League Division Series.", "2015 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays were eliminated in a playoff series for the first time since 1991, losing to the Kansas City Royals in six games, in the American League Championship Series.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays came into existence in 1976, as one of two teams slated to join the American League for the following season (the other being the Seattle Mariners), via the 1977 Major League Baseball expansion.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Toronto had been mentioned as a potential major league city as early as the 1880s, and had been home to the Toronto Maple Leafs baseball team of the International League, from 1896 to 1967.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ This article covers from the inception of the Toronto Blue Jays to the end of the 2015 season, Alex Anthopoulos' final season as general manager of the Blue Jays.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In January 1976, San Francisco Giants owner Horace Stoneham agreed to sell the team for $13.25 million to a Toronto group which was led by Don McDougall and consisted of Labatt Breweries of Canada, Ltd., Vulcan Assets Ltd. – owned by \"The Globe and Mail\" chairman and president Howard Webster – and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC).", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Below is a partial list of Minor League Baseball players in the Toronto Blue Jays and rosters of their minor league affiliates.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Cavan Thomas Biggio (born April 11, 1995) is an American professional baseball second baseman in the Toronto Blue Jays organization.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ Biggio attended St. Thomas High School in his hometown of Houston, Texas.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ He lettered four times in both baseball and football, and was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies in the 29th round of the 2013 Major League Baseball draft, but did not sign and chose to attend the University of Notre Dame.", "Toronto Blue Jays minor league players __knowledge__ In three seasons with the Fighting Irish, Biggio batted .272 with 15 home runs, 70 runs batted in, and 33 stolen bases.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2017 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 41st season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2014 season, the Blue Jays failed to make it to the postseason, finishing fourth in the AL East with a 76–86 record.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The Blue Jays offseason began on October 19, 2016, when they were eliminated by the Cleveland Indians in the American League Championship Series.", "2017 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ On October 24, general manager Ross Atkins held a press conference at the Rogers Centre to discuss the team's offseason plans.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 34th season of Major League Baseball's Toronto Blue Jays franchise, and the team's 21st full season of play (22nd overall) at the Rogers Centre.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 season was the first under general manager Alex Anthopoulos, who replaced J. P. Ricciardi after the 2009 season.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ After a poor 2009 season in which the Blue Jays finished with a 75–87 record, 2010 saw the team improve by 10 games, finishing with an 85–77 record and in fourth place in the American League East.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ Led by José Bautista, whose 54 home runs set a franchise record and led the Major Leagues, the team also set a franchise record with 257 home runs.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "Birds in music __knowledge__ Birds have played a role in Western Classical music since at least the 14th century, when composers such as Jean Vaillant quoted birdsong in some of their compositions.", "Birds in music __knowledge__ Among the birds whose song is most often used in music are the nightingale and the cuckoo.", "Birds in music __knowledge__ Composers and musicians have made use of birds in their music in different ways: they can be inspired by birdsong; they can intentionally imitate bird song in a composition; they can incorporate recordings of birds into their works, as Ottorino Respighi first did; or, like the cellist Beatrice Harrison in 1924 and more recently the jazz musician David Rothenberg, they can duet with birds.", "Biomusic __knowledge__ Biomusic is a form of experimental music which deals with sounds created or performed by non-humans.", "Biomusic __knowledge__ The definition is also sometimes extended to include sounds made by humans in a directly biological way.", "Biomusic __knowledge__ For instance, music that is created by the brain waves of the composer can also be called biomusic as can music created by the human body without the use of tools or instruments that are not part of the body (singing or vocalizing is usually excluded from this definition).", "Biomusic __knowledge__ Biomusic can be divided into two basic categories: music that is created solely by the synthetic animal (or in some cases plant), and music which is based upon synthetic animal noises but which is arranged by a human composer.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Yodeling __knowledge__ Yodeling (also yodelling or jodeling) is a form of singing which involves repeated and rapid changes of pitch between the low-pitch chest register (or \"chest voice\") and the high-pitch head register or falsetto.", "Yodeling __knowledge__ The English word \"yodel\" is derived from the German (and originally Austro-Bavarian) word \"jodeln\", meaning \"to utter the syllable \"jo\"\" (pronounced \"yo\" in English).", "Yodeling __knowledge__ This vocal technique is used in many cultures worldwide.", "Yodeling __knowledge__ Alpine yodeling was a longtime rural tradition in Europe, and became popular in the 1830s as an entertainment in theaters and music halls.", "Yodeling __knowledge__ In Central Africa, yodeling was a form of communication announcing the yodeler's location and identity.", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ Night music is a musical style of the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók which he used mostly in slow movements of multi-movement ensemble or orchestra compositions in his mature period.", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ It is characterized by \"eerie dissonances providing a backdrop to sounds of nature and lonely melodies.\"", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ As with many musical styles, it is not possible to make a satisfying let alone indisputable definition of Night music.", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ Bartók did not say or explain much about this style, but he approved of the term and used it himself.", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ Most of the works in Night music style do not carry a title.", "Night music (Bartók) __knowledge__ From an audience point of view \"'Night Music' consists of those works or passages which convey to the listener the sounds of nature at night\"." ] ]

[ 5, 2, 46 ]

[ "I got woken up by some birds today, it sounded like a song which is apparently for mating?", "Yes, the song had a good melody. Have you heard any bird calls or bird songs before?", "Not really, but I know that in classical music the Cuckoo's and Nightingale's songs can be used." ]

[ "Bird vocalization", "Bird vocalization", "Bird vocalization" ]

[ "Glasses\nI've been wearing glasses since I was 14 years old. I'm so used to them I'd feel stupid without them.", "The pain comes in when I have to pay for new glasses - they cost a fortune!", "Yup! Used to be you could get glasses for free (in the UK where I grew up) but not any more, or I'd just get them when I'm over there.", "Wow, that's a lot of people. I didn't realize so many people had vision issues!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ John Winston Ono Lennon, (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician, and peace activist who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful band in the history of popular music.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ Along with George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the group would ascend to world-wide fame during the 1960s.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ Born and raised in Liverpool, Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ In 1957, he formed his first band, the Quarrymen, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters of different (usually chromatically opposite) colors, typically red and cyan.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored images, one for each eye.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ When viewed through the \"color-coded\" \"anaglyph glasses\", each of the two images reaches the eye it's intended for, revealing an integrated stereoscopic image.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into the perception of a three-dimensional scene or composition.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph images have seen a recent resurgence due to the presentation of images and video on the Web, Blu-ray Discs, CDs, and even in print.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Elizabeth Miervaldis Lemon is the main character of the American television series \"30 Rock\".", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She created and writes for the fictional comedy-sketch show \"The Girlie Show\" and later \"TGS with Tracy Jordan\".", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Tina Fey, who is also the creator of the series and its showrunner.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Fey has received a Primetime Emmy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, four Screen Actors Guild Awards, and a Television Critics Association Award for her performance.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ She is also the first person to win a Critics' Choice, Golden Globe, Primetime Emmy, SAG, and TCA Award for a singular performance.", "Liz Lemon __knowledge__ Liz Lemon was born on October 14, 1970.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Horn-rimmed glasses __knowledge__ Horn-rimmed glasses are a type of eyeglasses.", "Horn-rimmed glasses __knowledge__ Originally made out of either horn or tortoise shell, for most of their history they have actually been constructed out of thick plastics designed to imitate those materials.", "Horn-rimmed glasses __knowledge__ They are characterized by their bold appearance on the wearer's face, in contrast to metal frames, which appear less pronounced.", "Horn-rimmed glasses __knowledge__ Horn-rimmed glasses were one of the first styles of eyeglasses to become a popular fashion item, after comedian Harold Lloyd began wearing a round pair in his films.", "Horn-rimmed glasses __knowledge__ The glasses have enjoyed various periods of popularity throughout the 20th century, being considered especially fashionable in the 1920s–1930s and in the 1950s–1960s in particular, while ceding to rimless and wire framed glasses during the 1970s and 1990s–2000s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "History of pain theory __knowledge__ As long as humans have experienced pain, they have given explanations for its existence and sought soothing agents to dull or cease the painful sensation.", "History of pain theory __knowledge__ Archaeologists have uncovered clay tablets dating back as far as 5,000 BC which reference the cultivation and use of the opium poppy to bring joy and cease pain.", "History of pain theory __knowledge__ In 800 BC, the Greek writer Homer wrote in his epic, The Odyssey, of Telemachus, a man who used opium to soothe his pain and forget his worries.", "History of pain theory __knowledge__ While some cultures researched analgesics and allowed or encouraged their use, others perceived pain to be a necessary, integral sensation.", "Eye relief __knowledge__ The eye relief of an optical instrument (such as a telescope, a microscope, or binoculars) is the distance from the last surface of an eyepiece within which the user's eye can obtain the full viewing angle.", "Eye relief __knowledge__ If a viewer's eye is outside this distance, a reduced field of view will be obtained.", "Eye relief __knowledge__ The calculation of eye relief is complex, though generally, the higher the magnification and the larger the intended field-of-view, the shorter the eye relief.", "Eye relief __knowledge__ The eye relief property should not be confused with the exit pupil width of an instrument: that is best described as the \"width of the cone of light\" that is available to the viewer at the exact \"eye relief\" distance.", "Carl Zeiss __knowledge__ Carl Zeiss (11 September 1816 – 3 December 1888) was a German scientific instrument maker, optician and businessman who founded the workshop of Carl Zeiss in 1846 which is still in business today as \"Carl Zeiss AG\".", "Carl Zeiss __knowledge__ Zeiss gathered a group of gifted practical and theoretical opticians and glass makers to reshape most aspects of optical instrument production.", "Carl Zeiss __knowledge__ His collaboration with Ernst Abbe revolutionized optical theory and practical design of microscopes.", "Carl Zeiss __knowledge__ Their quest to extend these advances brought Otto Schott into the enterprises to revolutionize optical glass manufacture.", "Carl Zeiss __knowledge__ The firm of Carl Zeiss grew to one of the largest and most respected optical firms in the world.", "Nociceptor __knowledge__ A nociceptor is a type of receptor at the end of a sensory neuron's axon that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending “possible threat” signals to the spinal cord and the brain.", "Nociceptor __knowledge__ If the brain thinks the threat is credible, it creates the sensation of pain to direct attention to the body part, so the threat can hopefully be mediated.", "Nociceptor __knowledge__ This process is called nociception.", "Nociceptor __knowledge__ Nociceptors were discovered by Charles Scott Sherrington in 1906.", "Nociceptor __knowledge__ In earlier centuries, scientists believed that animals were like mechanical devices that transformed the energy of sensory stimuli into motor responses.", "Spectacles (product) __knowledge__ Spectacles are a pair of smartglasses dedicated to recording video for the Snapchat service.", "Spectacles (product) __knowledge__ They featured a camera lens and are capable of recording short video segments and syncing with a smartphone to upload to the user's online account.", "Spectacles (product) __knowledge__ They were developed and manufactured by Snap Inc., announced on September 23, 2016, during Snap Inc's rebrand from Snapchat Inc. and released on November 10.", "Spectacles (product) __knowledge__ They are made for Snap's image messaging and multimedia platform Snapchat and were initially distributed exclusively through Snap's pop-up vending machine, Snapbot.", "Spectacles (product) __knowledge__ On February 20, 2017, Snap Spectacles became available for purchase online.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ LCA-Vision is a provider of photorefractive keratectomy in the United States under the LasikPlus brand.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ As of October 2010, LCA-Vision Inc. owns and operates 54 LasikPlus fixed-site laser vision correction centers across the United States and Canada.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ The company performs Custom LASIK, PRK and monovision treatment to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and reduce the effects of presbyopia.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ According to the company, one million laser vision correction procedures have been performed at its LasikPlus vision centers since 1991.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ Laser Centers of America, Inc., LCA-Vision's corporate predecessor, was formed in 1986.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye which results in progressive thinning of the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and light sensitivity.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Usually both eyes are affected.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ In more severe cases a scarring or a circle may be seen within the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ While the cause is unknown, it is believed to occur due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ About seven percent of those affected have a family history of the condition.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Proposed environmental factors include rubbing the eyes and allergies.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves changes of the cornea to a cone shape.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a condition associated with aging of the eye that results in progressively worsening ability to focus clearly on close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Symptoms include difficulty reading small print, having to hold reading material farther away, headaches, and eyestrain.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Different people will have different degrees of problems.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Other types of refractive errors may exist at the same time as presbyopia.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is due to hardening of the lens of the eye causing the eye to focus light behind rather than on the retina when looking at close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is a type of refractive error along with nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Marie (Nick) Arnaq Meade (born 1947) is a Yup'ik professor in the humanities and also a Yup'ik tradition bearer.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade's Yup'ik name is Arnaq which means \"woman.\"", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She also works and travels with the International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade is also part of the Nunamta Yup'ik Dance Group.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade has been documenting the cultural knowledge of Yup'ik elders, including the values, language and beliefs of the Yup'ik people for over twenty years.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She is currently an instructor at the University of Alaska Anchorage.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade was born and raised in Nunapiciaq which is located between the Kuskokwim River and the Bering Sea.", "Electronic prescribing __knowledge__ Electronic prescribing or e-prescribing (e-Rx) is the computer-based electronic generation, transmission and filling of a medical prescription, taking the place of paper and faxed prescriptions.", "Electronic prescribing __knowledge__ E-prescribing allows a physician, pharmacist, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant to electronically transmit a new prescription or renewal authorization to a community or mail-order pharmacy.", "Electronic prescribing __knowledge__ It outlines the ability to send error-free, accurate, and understandable prescriptions electronically from the healthcare provider to the pharmacy.", "Electronic prescribing __knowledge__ E-prescribing is meant to reduce the risks associated with traditional prescription script writing.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Medical prescription __knowledge__ A *prescription* is a health-care program implemented by a physician or other qualified health care practitioner in the form of instructions that govern the plan of care for an individual patient.", "Medical prescription __knowledge__ The term often refers to a health care provider's written authorization for a patient to purchase a prescription drug from a pharmacist.", "Medical prescription __knowledge__ The format of a prescription falls in to seven parts.", "Medical prescription __knowledge__ However, with modern prescribing habits, some are no longer applicable or included on an everyday basis.", "Medical prescription __knowledge__ Definition: For such prescriptions to be accepted as a legal medical prescription, it needs to be filed by a qualified dentist, herbalist, nurse, pharmacist, physician, veterinarian etc., which falls within their remit to prescribe such treatments.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ The New Prescription is the 14th and final album by Breed.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ Released in 2004, it was Breed's final album, and the only release by UMZ Entertainment, a subsidiary of Psychopathic Records.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ Breed signed to UMZ Entertainment after leaving Fharmacy Recordings.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ UMZ was founded by Alex Abbiss as a subsidiary of Psychopathic Records, a label founded by Abbiss and Insane Clown Posse.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ Abbiss wanted to release music intended for a wider audience than ICP's Juggalo fanbase.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ Regarding Breed, ICP member and label chairman Joseph Bruce stated, \"It’s just a business relationship that turned friends.", "The New Prescription __knowledge__ We’re not doing anything with him in the future that we know of as far as tours or anything like that." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ WOW Cafe (Women's One World) is a feminist theater space in New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, WOW Cafe was central to the avant garde theatre and performance art scene in the East Village, New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ Among the artists who have presented at the space are Lisa Kron, Holly Hughes, Deb Margolin, Dancenoise, Carmelita Tropicana, Eileen Myles, Split Britches, and The Five Lesbian Brothers.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ The WOW Cafe began when two of the founding members, Lois Weaver and Peggy Shaw were traveling Europe with performance troupes Spiderwoman Theater and Hot Peaches, and after seeing women’s theater festivals during their tour were inspired to establish one in America.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Effects of long-term contact lens wear on the cornea __knowledge__ Long-term contact lens use can lead to alterations in corneal thickness, stromal thickness, curvature, corneal sensitivity, cell density, and epithelial oxygen uptake, etc.", "Effects of long-term contact lens wear on the cornea __knowledge__ Other changes may include the formation of epithelial vacuoles and microcysts (containing cellular debris) as well as the emergence of polymegethism in the corneal endothelium.", "Effects of long-term contact lens wear on the cornea __knowledge__ Decreased corneal sensitivity, vision loss, and photophobia have also been observed in patients who have worn contact lenses for an extended period of time.", "Effects of long-term contact lens wear on the cornea __knowledge__ Many contact lens-induced changes in corneal structure are reversible if contact lenses are removed for an extended period of time.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Optician __knowledge__ An optician, or \"dispensing optician\", is a technical practitioner who designs, fits and dispenses corrective lenses for the correction of a person's vision.", "Optician __knowledge__ Opticians determine the specifications of various ophthalmic appliances that will give the necessary correction to a person's eyesight.", "Optician __knowledge__ Some registered or licensed opticians also design and fit special appliances to correct cosmetic, traumatic or anatomical defects.", "Optician __knowledge__ These devices are called shells or artificial eyes.", "Optician __knowledge__ Other registered or licensed opticians manufacture lenses to their own specifications and design and manufacture spectacle frames and other devices.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye which results in progressive thinning of the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and light sensitivity.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Usually both eyes are affected.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ In more severe cases a scarring or a circle may be seen within the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ While the cause is unknown, it is believed to occur due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ About seven percent of those affected have a family history of the condition.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Proposed environmental factors include rubbing the eyes and allergies.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves changes of the cornea to a cone shape.", "Bausch & Lomb __knowledge__ Bausch + Lomb is an American eye health products company based in Bridgewater, New Jersey.", "Bausch & Lomb __knowledge__ It is one of the world's largest suppliers of contact lenses, lens care products, pharmaceuticals, intraocular lenses, and other eye surgery products.", "Bausch & Lomb __knowledge__ Founded in Rochester, New York in 1853 by optician John Bausch and financier Henry Lomb, Bausch + Lomb is one of the oldest continually operating companies in the US.", "Bausch & Lomb __knowledge__ Bausch + Lomb was a public company listed on the NYSE until it was acquired by private equity firm Warburg Pincus in 2007.", "Bausch & Lomb __knowledge__ In May 2013, it was announced that Canadian-based Valeant Pharmaceuticals would acquire Bausch + Lomb from Warburg Pincus for $8.57 billion in cash.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Orthokeratology (also referred to as Ortho-K, Overnight Vision Correction, Corneal Refractive Therapy and CRT), refers to the creation of gas permeable contact lenses that temporarily reshape the cornea to reduce refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ This method can be used as an alternative to eyeglasses, refractive surgery, or for those who prefer not to wear contact lenses during the day.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Orthokeratology is most often used for candidates with up to -6.00 diopters of myopia.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Doctors discovered the reshaping phenomena of glass lenses as early as the 1940s.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ This history of orthokeratology includes contributions made by Jessen, Ziff, Nolan, Paige, Gates, May, Grant, Fontana, Tabb, Freeman, Shed, Kerns, and Binder to the use of contact lenses for myopia reduction." ] ]

[ 2, 44, 52, 58 ]

[ "I've worn glasses for vision correction (nearsightedness) since 6th grade so I feel your pain lol", "Oh I know! It's terrible! And constantly having to go to the optometrist to get a new prescription every year is the worst!", "That sounds like what we need here in the states! Especially with contact lenses. in 2004 an estimated 125 million people wore them worldwide!", "I didn't either until recently. I also learned that they have surgically implanted intraocular lenses available as well." ]

[ "Glasses", "Glasses", "Glasses", "Glasses" ]

[ "Dublin", "I've never been to Dublin. What would you tell someone to do if it was their first time in your city?", "Hahaha. Well, then I'll remember to do that when I go there. What if it was my first time in Amsterdam?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family, later referred to as the Soprano crime family, is a fictional Mafia family from the HBO series \"The Sopranos.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ It is thought to be loosely based on the DeCavalcante crime family, a real New Jersey Mafia family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family consists of an administration and six crews.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from \"The Sopranos\" that are associated with the DiMeo crime family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ In the series, the DiMeo crime family is believed to have been formed in Northern New Jersey in the 1950s.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ Ercole DiMeo is believed to have been the first official boss, although according to the book, \"The Sopranos Family History\" by Allen Rucker and David Chase, there was an earlier boss named Alfano, but he is never mentioned in the series.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Christos \"Chris\" Pappas is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by James Mason.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Mason was told the character was gay when he successfully auditioned for the role in 2009.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ He began filming his first scenes in October of that year and he made his first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 25 February 2010.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Executive producer Susan Bower said the character's storyline was created because of requests from young viewers in the \"Neighbours\" website's online forums.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ The storyline has also been based on the real life experiences of the show's writers.", "Chris Pappas (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Chris was the first prominent, ongoing male homosexual character in the show's twenty-five-year history.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ Titus Groan is a novel by Mervyn Peake.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ It is the first novel in the \"Gormenghast\" series.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ The book is set in the huge castle of Gormenghast, a vast landscape of crumbling towers and ivy-filled quadrangles that has for centuries been the hereditary residence of the Groan family and with them a legion of servants.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ The Groan family is headed by Lord Sepulchrave, the seventy-sixth Earl of Groan.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ He is a melancholy man who feels shackled by his duties as Earl, although he never questions them.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ His only escape is reading in his library.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ His wife is the Countess Gertrude.", "Titus Groan __knowledge__ Large and imposing, with dark red hair, she pays no attention to her family or to the rest of Gormenghast.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "David Lloyd George __knowledge__ David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party.", "David Lloyd George __knowledge__ As Chancellor of the Exchequer (1908–1915), Lloyd George was a key figure in the introduction of many reforms which laid the foundations of the modern welfare state.", "David Lloyd George __knowledge__ His most important role came as the highly energetic Prime Minister of the Wartime Coalition Government (1916–22), during and immediately after the First World War.", "David Lloyd George __knowledge__ He was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered Europe after the defeat of the Central Powers.", "David Lloyd George __knowledge__ As Prime Minister, Lloyd George favoured the Conservatives in his coalition in the 1918 elections, leaving the Liberal Party a minority.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Amsterdam (; ) is the capital and most populous municipality of the Netherlands.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands, although it is not the seat of the government, which is The Hague.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper, 1,351,587 in the urban area, and 2,410,960 in the Amsterdam metropolitan area.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country but is not its capital, which is Haarlem.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad, one of the larger conurbations in Europe, with a population of approximately 7 million.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The 2009 flu pandemic in Europe was part of a pandemic involving a new strain of influenza, subtype H1N1.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ H1N1 is commonly called swine flu.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The pandemic infected at least 125,550 people in Europe.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ There were 458 confirmed deaths in Turkey, 438 confirmed deaths in Russia, and 299 confirmed deaths in the United Kingdom.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ On 27 April 2009, the European Union health commissioner advised Europeans to avoid traveling to the United States or Mexico when possible.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The same day, the first confirmed case of swine flu in the EU was announced in Spain. The EU Commissioner for External Relations at the time, Benita Ferrero-Waldner, said on 27 April all travel to Mexico and the disinfecting of all airports in response to the global flu outbreak were being considered.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Derry __knowledge__ Derry (), officially Londonderry (), is the second-largest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-largest city on the island of Ireland.", "Derry __knowledge__ The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Old Irish name \"Daire\" (modern Irish: \"Doire\") meaning \"oak grove\".", "Derry __knowledge__ In 1613, the city was granted a Royal Charter by King James I and gained the \"London\" prefix to reflect the funding of its construction by the London guilds.", "Derry __knowledge__ While the city is more usually known colloquially as Derry, Londonderry is also commonly used and remains the legal name.", "Derry __knowledge__ The old walled city lies on the west bank of the River Foyle, which is spanned by two road bridges and one footbridge.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The City of Dublin can trace its origin back more than 1,000 years, and for much of this time it has been Ireland's principal city and the cultural, educational and industrial centre of the island.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The earliest reference to Dublin is sometimes said to be found in the writings of Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy), the Egyptian-Greek astronomer and cartographer, around the year 140, who refers to a settlement called Eblana.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ This would seem to give Dublin a just claim to nearly two thousand years of antiquity, as the settlement must have existed a considerable time before Ptolemy became aware of it.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ Recently, however, doubt has been cast on the identification of Eblana with Dublin, and the similarity of the two names is now thought to be coincidental.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ Auckland Zoo is a zoological garden in Auckland, New Zealand, situated next to Western Springs park not far from Auckland's central business district.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ It is run by the Auckland Council with the Auckland Zoological Society as a supporting organisation.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ Auckland Zoo opened in 1922 experiencing early difficulties mainly due to animal health issues.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ By 1930 a sizeable collection of animals had been assembled and a zoological society formed.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo consolidated during the Second World War and was at that time under the leadership of Lt. Col. Sawer.", "Auckland Zoo __knowledge__ After the war the collection was expanded, and in the 1950s chimpanzees were acquired to provide tea parties for the public's entertainment, but this practice ceased in 1964." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ \"Give Me Your Everything\" is a song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her second studio album, \"Unlocked\" (2014).", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ The single was made available for digital download on 20 August 2014 through Victor Entertainment.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ \"Give Me Your Everything\" was written by Stan, Serban Cazan, LeAnna James, Naz Tokio and Andrei Mihai, while production was solely handled by Cazan.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ A music video for the song was directed by Vlad Fenesan and debuted on the singer's YouTube channel, where it has amassed over two million views.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ The clip shows Stan chasing a masked man in a dark landscape.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ Upon its release, the video aroused controversy for a scene in which Stan is wearing a white robe with masonic symbols inscribed on its back.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Amsterdam (; ) is the capital and most populous municipality of the Netherlands.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands, although it is not the seat of the government, which is The Hague.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper, 1,351,587 in the urban area, and 2,410,960 in the Amsterdam metropolitan area.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country but is not its capital, which is Haarlem.", "Amsterdam __knowledge__ The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad, one of the larger conurbations in Europe, with a population of approximately 7 million.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ Andrei Tiberiu Maria (; born 27 July 1983 in Pitești), better known by his stage name Smiley, is a Romanian singer, songwriter, composer, record producer and internet vlogger.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ He was part of the band Simplu and since then he developed a solo career.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ In 2013, he won \"Best Romanian Act\" during the MTV Europe Music Awards held in Amsterdam.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ He had been nominated as a solo act three times for the same award in 2008, 2009 and 2011 and twice in 2006 and 2007 as part of Simplu.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ He is also part of the Romanian Euro-House project Radio Killer where he is known as Killer 1.", "Smiley (singer) __knowledge__ As of November 2013, he is the new Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF Romania.", "Pop culture influenced by Sesame Street __knowledge__ The following information is on pop culture that has been influenced by \"Sesame Street\".", "Pop culture influenced by Sesame Street __knowledge__ The hit Broadway musical \"Avenue Q\" is a parody of \"Sesame Street\".", "Pop culture influenced by Sesame Street __knowledge__ Four members of the original cast (John Tartaglia, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Rick Lyon, and Jennifer Barnhart) are all former puppeteers for the Jim Henson Company.", "Pop culture influenced by Sesame Street __knowledge__ The following disclaimer appears in all promotional material, advertising and merchandise for the show: \"\"Avenue Q\" has not been authorized or approved in any manner by the Jim Henson Company or Sesame Workshop, which have no responsibility for its content.\"", "Pop culture influenced by Sesame Street __knowledge__ \"Wonder Showzen\" is a sketch comedy television series that began airing in 2005 on MTV2.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ State of New Jersey vs. Dharun Ravi was a criminal trial held in Middlesex County, New Jersey Superior Court from February 24, 2012 to March 16, 2012 in which former Rutgers University undergraduate student Dharun Ravi was tried and convicted on 15 counts of crimes involving invasion of privacy, attempted invasion of privacy, bias intimidation, tampering with evidence, witness tampering, and hindering apprehension or prosecution.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ The charges stemmed from incidents that occurred on September 19 and 21, 2010.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ On September 9, 2016, a New Jersey court of appeals overturned the conviction and ordered a new trial on narrower charges.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Must Get Out __knowledge__ \"Must Get Out\" is a song by American band Maroon 5, taken from their debut album, \"Songs About Jane\" (2002).", "Must Get Out __knowledge__ Written by the band members Adam Levine and Jesse Carmichael, and produced by Matt Wallace, the song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on April 5, 2005.", "Must Get Out __knowledge__ A downtempo song, \"Must Get Out\" has a \"dreamy\" lyrical story about a tough period of a relationship.", "Must Get Out __knowledge__ The song received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who praised Levine's vocals and the song's hook, considering it a highlight on the album.", "Must Get Out __knowledge__ \"Must Get Out\" charted inside the top-ten in Netherlands, while reaching the top-forty in other three territories, including the United Kingdom – where it became the band's fifth top-forty hit.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Philip IV of Spain __knowledge__ Philip IV of Spain (; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665) was King of Spain (as \"Philip IV\" in Castille and \"Philip III\" in Aragon) and Portugal as Philip III ().", "Philip IV of Spain __knowledge__ He ascended the thrones in 1621 and reigned in Spain until his death and in Portugal until 1640.", "Philip IV of Spain __knowledge__ Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the challenging period of the Thirty Years' War.", "Philip IV of Spain __knowledge__ On the eve of his death in 1665, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometers (4.7 million square miles) in area but in other respects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ \"Rainy Day Women #12 & 35\" is a song by Bob Dylan.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ It is the opening track of his 1966 album, \"Blonde on Blonde\".", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ It was initially released as a single in April 1966, reaching No.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ 7 in the UK and No.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ 2 in the US chart.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ \"Rainy Day Women\", recorded in the Nashville studio of Columbia Records, features a raucous brass band backing track.", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ The song's title does not appear anywhere in the lyrics and there has been much debate over the meaning of the recurrent chorus, \"Everybody must get stoned\".", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ This has made the song controversial, being labelled by some commentators as \"a drug song\".", "Rainy Day Women ♯12 & 35 __knowledge__ The song is notable for its brass band arrangement and the controversial chorus \"Everybody must get stoned\".", "Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares __knowledge__ Don Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel Ribera y Velasco de Tovar, Count of Olivares and Duke of Sanlúcar la Mayor, Grandee of Spain (, also known as ; January 6, 1587 – July 22, 1645), was a Spanish royal favourite of Philip IV and minister.", "Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares __knowledge__ As prime minister from 1621 to 1643, he over-exerted Spain in foreign affairs and unsuccessfully attempted domestic reform.", "Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares __knowledge__ His policy of committing Spain to recapture Holland led to a renewal of the Eighty Years' War while Spain was also embroiled in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648).", "Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares __knowledge__ In addition, his attempts to centralise power and increase wartime taxation led to revolts in Catalonia and in Portugal, which brought about his downfall." ] ]

[ 1, 51, 27 ]

[ "I am a 49 year old male from Dublin, the largest city of Ireland. I much prefer Amsterdam", "I would say \"you must get on a bus and go experience the capital of Netherlands first\"", "Definitely hop on the metro, the entire metropolitan district is incredible, every building looks like it took 100 years to make" ]

[ "Dublin", "Dublin", "Dublin" ]

[ "Entomology\nI used to love collecting bugs.", "I do not like bugs either. I can't believe I used to touch them when I was younger.", "That really grosses me out.", "That is so disturbing. I get so creeped out by any kind of insect, especially the ones that have little pinchers", "I never thought of a snail as an insect. Interesting." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character; created in 1940 by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Due to his popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit who is famous for his flippant, personality.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase \"Eh... What's up, doc?\".", "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko __knowledge__ Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko (titled Gex: Deep Pocket Gecko on Game Boy Color) is a platform video game.", "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko __knowledge__ It is the third and final installment of the \"Gex\" video game series.", "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko __knowledge__ Danny John-Jules provided the voice for Gex in the UK and European release and comedian Dana Gould reprised the role for the American release, also starring the Playboy model Marliece Andrada as Agent Xtra, the only character that is featured in live-action.", "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko __knowledge__ Unlike the first two \"Gex\" games, passwords are not used for saving (except in the Game Boy Color version).", "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko __knowledge__ A controller pak on the Nintendo 64 or a memory card on the PlayStation were the only options for saving.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer J. Fudd is a fictional cartoon character and one of the most famous \"Looney Tunes\" characters, and the \"de facto\" archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He has one of the more disputed origins in the Warner Bros. cartoon pantheon (second only to Bugs himself).", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ His aim is to hunt Bugs, but he usually ends up seriously injuring himself and other antagonizing characters.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He speaks in an unusual way, replacing his Rs and Ls with Ws, so he always refers to Bugs Bunny as a \"wabbit\".", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer's signature catchphrase is, \"Shhh.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Be vewy vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits\", as well as his trademark laughter.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ The best known Elmer Fudd cartoons include Chuck Jones' masterpiece \"What's Opera, Doc?\"", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ There are 42 named tributaries of Larrys Creek, which is a 22.9 mile (36.9 km) long stream in Lycoming County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ Larrys Creek is a tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River and part of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin; its watershed drains in six townships and a borough.", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ Despite being clear-cut in the 19th century, as of 2008 the Larrys Creek watershed is 83.1% forest and 15.7% agricultural.", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ The named tributaries within the watershed are presented here in three lists.", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ Larrys Creek itself has 18 named tributaries, which are the subject of the first list.", "List of tributaries of Larrys Creek __knowledge__ The First Fork and Second Fork of Larrys Creek are the two main tributaries of Larrys Creek, and they have multiple tributaries of their own.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ Married to the Kellys is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from 2003 to 2004 with a run of 22 episodes.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ Set in a suburb of Kansas City, the series stars Breckin Meyer and Kiele Sanchez.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ The show was a part of the TGIF Friday night line up, after \"Hope & Faith\", airing at 9:30 EST.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ The show earned fair ratings enough to get picked up for a whole season, but it was cancelled at the end of the season.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ The series followed the adventures of a single-child New Yorker adjusting to life with his wife's large, close-knit suburban family.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ The show was originally to be titled Back to Kansas.", "Married to the Kellys __knowledge__ Producer Tom Hertz (\"Spin City\", \"Less Than Perfect\") loosely based this comedy on his life experiences.", "Ansel Adams __knowledge__ Ansel Easton Adams (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984) was an American photographer and environmentalist.", "Ansel Adams __knowledge__ His black and white landscape photographs of the American West, especially Yosemite National Park, have been widely reproduced on calendars, posters, books, and the internet.", "Ansel Adams __knowledge__ Adams and Fred Archer developed the Zone System as a way to determine proper exposure and adjust the contrast of the final print.", "Ansel Adams __knowledge__ The resulting clarity and depth characterized his photographs.", "Ansel Adams __knowledge__ He primarily used large-format cameras because the large film used with these cameras (primarily 5x4 and 8x10) contributed to the clarity of his prints.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ \"Cimex lectularius\", the common bed bug, is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood; other \"Cimex\" species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as \"Cimex pipistrelli\" (Europe), \"Cimex pilosellus\" (Western United States), and \"Cimex adjunctus\" (entire Eastern United States).", "Bed bug __knowledge__ The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of \"Cimex lectularius\": warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer J. Fudd is a fictional cartoon character and one of the most famous \"Looney Tunes\" characters, and the \"de facto\" archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He has one of the more disputed origins in the Warner Bros. cartoon pantheon (second only to Bugs himself).", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ His aim is to hunt Bugs, but he usually ends up seriously injuring himself and other antagonizing characters.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He speaks in an unusual way, replacing his Rs and Ls with Ws, so he always refers to Bugs Bunny as a \"wabbit\".", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer's signature catchphrase is, \"Shhh.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Be vewy vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits\", as well as his trademark laughter.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ The best known Elmer Fudd cartoons include Chuck Jones' masterpiece \"What's Opera, Doc?\"", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Honey Bunny is a female rabbit cartoon character and the ex-girlfriend of Bugs Bunny.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The character, designed by Robert McKimson, was used for merchandising purposes beginning in the late 1960s.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ An early version of Honey Bunny first appeared in the \"Bugs Bunny's Album\" comic book from 1953.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Instead of being portrayed as his love interest, this version of Honey Bunny is a small white rabbit (and famous African explorer) who is his cousin.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The better-known version of Honey Bunny debuted in \"Bugs Bunny Comic Book\" #108 (November 1966) and was a semi-regular fixture in the series of \"Looney Tunes\" comic books published by Gold Key throughout the 1960s and 1970s, usually co-starring with Bugs Bunny.", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ The X-Ecutioners are a group of hip hop DJs/turntablists from New York City, New York.", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ The group formed in 1989, and currently consists of three DJs, including Total Eclipse, DJ Boogie Blind, DJ Precision.", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ Original members of the group included Mista Sinista, Rob Swift, and Roc Raida (who died in September 2009).", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ The X-Ecutioners formed as a DJ crew in 1989 that originally included 11 members.", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ The group's original name was the X-Men, which was chosen partly because of their rivalry between DJ Clark Kent's crew of DJs, known as the Supermen, and after the Marvel Comics superhero team.", "The X-Ecutioners __knowledge__ They later changed their name for trademark reasons.", "Hair-Raising Hare __knowledge__ Hair-Raising Hare is a Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" cartoon, released in 1946.", "Hair-Raising Hare __knowledge__ It was directed by Chuck Jones and written by Tedd Pierce.", "Hair-Raising Hare __knowledge__ It stars Bugs Bunny and features the first appearance of Chuck Jones' imposing orange monster character, unnamed here, but in later cartoons named \"Rudolph\" and then \"Gossamer\".", "Hair-Raising Hare __knowledge__ One dark night, as the camera pans across a dark, empty forest, Bugs is heard singing a stanza of \"Sweet Dreams, Sweetheart\" (introduced in \"Hollywood Canteen\").", "Hair-Raising Hare __knowledge__ When the camera zooms in on Bugs' rabbit hole, he pokes up out of his hole, dressed in a nightshirt and holding up a candle, and tells the audience that he feels he's being watched (\"Eh, I don't know but, Did you ever have the feeling you was being watched?\")", "Daffy Duck __knowledge__ Daffy Duck is an animated cartoon character produced by Warner Bros. Styled as an anthropomorphic black duck, the character has appeared in cartoon series such as \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\", where he usually has been depicted as the best friend and occasional arch-rival of Bugs Bunny.", "Daffy Duck __knowledge__ Daffy was one of the first of the new \"screwball\" characters that emerged in the late 1930s to replace traditional everyman characters who were more popular earlier in the decade, such as Mickey Mouse and Popeye.", "Daffy Duck __knowledge__ Daffy starred in 130 shorts in the golden age, making him the third-most frequent character in the \"Looney Tunes\"/\"Merrie Melodies\" cartoons, behind Bugs Bunny's 180 appearances and Porky Pig's 162 appearances.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character; created in 1940 by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Due to his popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit who is famous for his flippant, personality.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase \"Eh... What's up, doc?\".", "Rabbit Fire __knowledge__ Rabbit Fire is a 1951 \"Looney Tunes\" (reissued as a 1960 Blue Ribbon \"Merrie Melodies\") cartoon starring Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Elmer Fudd.", "Rabbit Fire __knowledge__ Directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese, the short is notable for being the first film in Jones' \"hunting trilogy\"—the other two films being \"Rabbit Seasoning\" and \"Duck!", "Rabbit Fire __knowledge__ Rabbit, Duck!\".", "Rabbit Fire __knowledge__ It is also the first film to feature a feud between Bugs and Daffy.", "Rabbit Fire __knowledge__ Produced by Edward Selzer for Warner Bros. Cartoons, Inc., the short was released to theaters on May 19, 1951 by Warner Bros. Pictures and is widely considered among Jones' best and most important films.", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ John Curtis (Born: Norwich, 3 September 1791: Died: 18 Belitha-villas, Islington, London: 6 October 1862) - English entomologist and illustrator.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ John Curtis (1791-1862) In John Curtis we have lost one the most successful cultivators of British zoology and entomology, one of the most accomplished delineators of insects, and one of the closest observers of the phenomena of insect life.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ Mr. Curtis was born at Norwich, on 3 December 1791, and died on 6 October 1862.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ His father having died before the son had reached his fourth year, his training developed upon his mother, whose lover of flowers had no doubt great influence in the developing of that love of nature which he very early manifested.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ The red imported fire ant (\"Solenopsis invicta\"), also known as the fire ant or RIFA, is a species of ant native to South America.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ A member of the genus \"Solenopsis\" in the subfamily Myrmicinae, it was described by Swiss entomologist Felix Santschi as a variant in 1916.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ Its current name \"invicta\" was given to the ant in 1972 as a separate species.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ However, the variant and species were the same ant, and the name was preserved due to its wide use.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ The red imported fire ant is native to South America but it has been accidentally introduced in Australia, New Zealand, several Asian and Caribbean countries and the United States.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology deals with the collection of arthropodic evidence and its application, and through a series of tests and previously set of rules, general admissibility of said evidence is determined.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology may come into play in a variety of legal cases, including crime scene investigation, abuse and neglect cases, accidents, insect infestation, and food contamination.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ The admissibility of forensic evidence is left up to the judgement of the court.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ To provide a strong basis of admissibility for the evidence, accurate documentation is essential so that there is no room for speculation as to the authenticity of the evidence.", "Leary–Lettvin debate __knowledge__ The Leary–Lettvin debate was a May 3, 1967 debate between Dr. Jerome Lettvin, a medical doctor and professor at MIT, and Dr. Timothy Leary, a licensed psychologist, about the merits and dangers of the hallucinogenic drug LSD.", "Leary–Lettvin debate __knowledge__ It took place in the Kresge Auditorium at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.", "Leary–Lettvin debate __knowledge__ Timothy Leary focused on how the interpersonal process might be used to diagnose disorders and patterns found in human personalities.", "Leary–Lettvin debate __knowledge__ He proposed that psychedelic substances, used at proper dosages, in a stable set and setting could, under the guidance of psychologists, alter behavior in beneficial ways not easily attainable through regular therapy.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" animated television series features an extensive cast of characters.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The show's central characters are mostly various forms of anthropomorphic animals, based on Looney Tunes characters from earlier films and shows.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the series, the characters attend a school called Acme Looniversity, set in the cartoon community of Acme Acres.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster Bunny (initially voiced by Charlie Adler and later by John Kassir) is a main character of the show along with Babs Bunny.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster is a young, blue-and-white male rabbit with a red shirt and white gloves.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is his mentor.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the last episode, \"It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special\", Babs states that Buster is indeed her boyfriend.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ Hugh David Loxdale D.Phil, FLS, Hon.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ FRES, FRSB, MBE is an entomologist, Professor of Ecology at the Institute of Ecology, University of Jena from 2008-10, President of the Royal Entomological Society from 2004-06, and the Society's Honorary Treasurer from 2011-16.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ Loxdale works on the population biology, ecology, and genetics of insects.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ Currently he is an Honorary Visiting Professor at the School of Biosciences, Cardiff University.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ Besides his scientific studies, he is also a poet, having written many volumes of poetry since 1988, as well as a genealogist.", "Hugh Loxdale __knowledge__ He is also keen on classical music, especially 20th century, and has written (with Adalbert Balog) an article concerning the entomological interests and endeavours of the great Hungarian musician, musicologist and composer Béla Bartók (1881-1945)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Acala __knowledge__ Acala (Sanskrit: अचलनाथ \"immovable\") is a dharmapala primarily revered in Vajrayana Buddhism.", "Acala __knowledge__ He is seen as a protective deity particularly in Shingon traditions of Japan where he is known as Fudō Myō-ō, in Tangmi traditions China, in Nepal and Tibet as Candarosana, and elsewhere in Tantric Buddhism.", "Acala __knowledge__ He is classed among the Wisdom Kings and preeminent among the Five Wisdom Kings of the Womb Realm.", "Acala __knowledge__ Accordingly, his figure occupies an important hierarchical position in the pictorial diagramatic Mandala of the Two Realms.", "Acala __knowledge__ He mirrors \"Vidyaraja\", or \"king of knowledge\" in Sanskrit texts of Buddhism.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ The Acala Ch'ol were a former Ch'ol-speaking Maya people who occupied a territory to the west of the Manche Ch'ol and east of the Chixoy River in what is now the Alta Verapaz Department of Guatemala.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ The Acala should not be confused with the people of the former Maya territory of Acalan, near the Laguna de Terminos in Mexico.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ By the 17th century the Acala had two principal towns; Cagbalam had 300 multiple-family houses and Culhuacan had over 140.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ The towns were divided into four sections, each governed by their own ruler.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ The combined population of these two towns has been estimated at 7,000.", "Acala Ch'ol __knowledge__ The Acala were allies of the Lakandon Ch'ol, their immediate neighbours to the west, and the two peoples sometimes cooperated militarily.", "African linsang __knowledge__ The African linsang (\"Poiana richardsonii\"), also called Central African oyan, is a linsang species native to Central Africa.", "African linsang __knowledge__ The African linsang is endemic to Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo.", "African linsang __knowledge__ It lives in lowland and montane forests.", "African linsang __knowledge__ The species is said to live at elevations of in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and at in north-eastern Gabon.", "African linsang __knowledge__ Like all linsangs, African linsangs vary in colour, and resemble an elongated cat.", "African linsang __knowledge__ They grow to a length of 33–43 cm (13–17 inches) for both sexes, excluding a banded tail that is almost as long as the body.", "Leighton's linsang __knowledge__ Leighton's linsang (\"Poiana leightoni\"), also known as the West African linsang and West African oyan, is a linsang species native to the Upper Guinean forests.", "Leighton's linsang __knowledge__ It was formerly classified as \"Poiana richardsonii leightoni\" and considered a subspecies of the oyan.", "Leighton's linsang __knowledge__ Leighton's linsang is similar to the African linsang, It is a small, thin viverrid which has a body length measures between long, the tail is long, giving a total length of , it weighs .", "Leighton's linsang __knowledge__ The base colour of the pelage is yellowish brown on the back and whitish on the underparts.", "Leighton's linsang __knowledge__ The back is patterned with irregular patches of dark colour with a dark band along the spine, although this can sometimes be interrupted.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ The banded linsang (\"Prionodon linsang\") is a linsang, a tree-dwelling carnivorous mammal native to the Sundaic region of Southeast Asia.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ The banded linsang is around 74 cm (29 in) long including the tail.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ It is a pale yellow with 5 dark bands.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ It has broad stripes on its neck and its tail consists of several dark bands with a dark tip.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ The banded linsang has very sharp retractable claws and razor sharp teeth.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ The banded linsang has been recorded in southern Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and the Sunda Islands of Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Bangka and Belitung Islands.", "Banded linsang __knowledge__ It lives in evergreen forests.", "Asiatic linsang __knowledge__ The Asiatic linsang (\"Prionodon\") is a genus comprising two species native to Southeast Asia: the banded linsang (\"Prionodon linsang\") and the spotted linsang (\"Prionodon pardicolor\").", "Asiatic linsang __knowledge__ \"Prionodon\" is considered basal to the Feliformia and a sister taxon of the Felidae.", "Asiatic linsang __knowledge__ \"Prionodon\" was denominated and first described by Thomas Horsfield in 1822, based on a linsang from Java.", "Asiatic linsang __knowledge__ He placed the genus under Prionodontidae, because of similarities to both genera \"Viverra\" and \"Felis\".", "Asiatic linsang __knowledge__ In 1864, John Edward Gray nominated the subfamily Prionodontinae, to which he subordinated the genera \"Prionodon\" and \"Poiana\".", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ The spotted linsang (\"Prionodon pardicolor\") is a linsang found throughout much of Southeast Asia.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ It is widely, though usually sparsely, recorded, and listed as Least Concern by IUCN.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ The spotted linsang resembles the banded linsang in its long, slender body, short limbs, elongated neck and head, and long tail.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ The ground colour ranges from dusky brown to light buff.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ Two long stripes extend from behind the ears to the shoulders or beyond, and two shorter stripes run along the neck.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ Three to four longitudinal rows of spots adorn the back, their size decreasing towards the belly.", "Spotted linsang __knowledge__ The fore legs are spotted to the paw, the hind legs to the hock.", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ Squarepusher is the principal pseudonym adopted by Tom Jenkinson (born 17 January 1975), an English electronic musician.", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ His compositions draw on a number of influences including drum and bass, acid house, jazz and electroacoustic music.", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ His recordings are typified by a combination of electronic sound sources, live instrumental playing and digital signal processing.", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ He is the brother of Ceephax Acid Crew (Andrew Jenkinson).", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ Tom Jenkinson grew up in Chelmsford, Essex.", "Squarepusher __knowledge__ The first school he attended was affiliated with Chelmsford Cathedral giving him exposure to organ music, which he has subsequently acknowledged as an influence on his work.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Yosemite Sam is an American animated cartoon character in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Animation.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ The name is somewhat alliterative and is inspired by Yosemite National Park.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Along with Elmer Fudd, he is the de facto archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ He is commonly depicted as an extremely aggressive gunslinging prospector, outlaw, pirate, or cowboy with a hair-trigger temper and an intense hatred of rabbits, Bugs particularly.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ In cartoons with non-Western themes, he uses various aliases, including \"Chilkoot Sam\" (named for the Chilkoot Trail; Sam pronounces it \"Chilli-koot\") in \"14 Carrot Rabbit\" (although in the same cartoon, when he tries to gain Bugs Bunny's trust, he cleverly invents the alias \"Square-deal Sam\"), \"Riff Raff Sam\" in \"Sahara Hare\", \"Sam Schultz\" in \"Big House Bunny\", \"Seagoin' Sam\" in \"Buccaneer Bunny\", \"Shanghai Sam\" in \"Mutiny on the Bunny\", and \"Von Schamm the Hessian\" in \"Bunker Hill Bunny\" and many others.", "High Diving Hare __knowledge__ High Diving Hare is a 1948-produced Warner Brothers \"Looney Tunes\" (reissued as a Blue Ribbon Merrie Melodie in the beginning, with the original Looney Tunes ending title sequence) theatrical cartoon short starring Bugs Bunny and Yosemite Sam.", "High Diving Hare __knowledge__ Released to theaters on April 30, 1949, the short is an expansion of a gag from \"Stage Door Cartoon\", which was also directed by Friz Freleng.", "High Diving Hare __knowledge__ \"High Diving Hare\" can be seen in the third act of \"The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie\".", "High Diving Hare __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is drumming up business for a vaudeville show in a remote western town (notably one of the posters in the background is for \"Frizby the Magician\", a reference to director Friz Freleng).", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, refers to the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.", "Marine life __knowledge__ At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine organisms produce much of the oxygen we breathe.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Most life forms evolved initially in marine habitats.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Oceans provide about 99 percent of the living space on the planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ The earliest vertebrates appeared in the form of fish, which live exclusively in water.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ \"Cimex lectularius\", the common bed bug, is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood; other \"Cimex\" species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as \"Cimex pipistrelli\" (Europe), \"Cimex pilosellus\" (Western United States), and \"Cimex adjunctus\" (entire Eastern United States).", "Bed bug __knowledge__ The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of \"Cimex lectularius\": warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character; created in 1940 by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Due to his popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit who is famous for his flippant, personality.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase \"Eh... What's up, doc?\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ The terminology used to describe insects is similar to that used for other arthropods due to their shared evolutionary history.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Three physical features separate insects from other arthropods: they have a body divided into three regions (head, thorax, and abdomen), have three pairs of legs, and mouthparts located \"outside\" of the head capsule.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ It is this position of the mouthparts which divides them from their closest relatives, the non-insect hexapods, which includes Protura, Diplura, and Collembola.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ There is enormous variation in body structure amongst insect species.", "Creeped Out __knowledge__ Creeped Out is a spooky British-Canadian anthology television series which began on CBBC on 31 October 2017 in the United Kingdom and in Canada on the Family Channel.", "Creeped Out __knowledge__ The show is created by Bede Blake and Robert Butler and is a co-production between CBBC Productions and DHX Media.", "Creeped Out __knowledge__ Each episode has an individual story, and are linked together by 'The Curious', a mysterious story collector who appears at the beginning and end of each episode.", "Creeped Out __knowledge__ According to the creators Bede Blake and Robert Butler, a big inspiration was Steven Spielberg and \"Amazing Stories\" in particular.", "Creeped Out __knowledge__ Creator of the science-fiction series \"Continuum\" and \"Ghost Wars\", Simon Barry, serves as executive creative consultant.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs __knowledge__ \"Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs\" is an action role-playing game in which gameplay revolves around capturing Pokémon with the Capture Styler by drawing circles around them.", "Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs __knowledge__ If the Pokémon breaks through the drawn circles by using attacks on them, then the styler's health goes down, and runs out of energy.", "Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs __knowledge__ When energy reaches 0, the styler breaks and the game resumes from the last save point.", "Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs __knowledge__ However, if, for example, the Pokémon walks through the styler's line without using an attack, the styler's line will break, but the styler does not take damage.", "Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs __knowledge__ Capturing Pokémon and completing missions increases XP, which can lead to styler upgrades, such as power upgrade and energy upgrade.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, refers to the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.", "Marine life __knowledge__ At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine organisms produce much of the oxygen we breathe.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Most life forms evolved initially in marine habitats.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Oceans provide about 99 percent of the living space on the planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ The earliest vertebrates appeared in the form of fish, which live exclusively in water.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "Organ Pipes National Park __knowledge__ The Organ Pipes National Park, abbreviated as OPNP, is a national park located in the Central region of Victoria, Australia.", "Organ Pipes National Park __knowledge__ The protected area was established with the focus on conservation of the native flora and fauna, and preservation of the geological features in the Jacksons Creek, a part of the valley, north-west of Melbourne.", "Organ Pipes National Park __knowledge__ It is situated in a deep gorge in the grassy, basalt Keilor plains.", "Organ Pipes National Park __knowledge__ Within Organ Pipes National Park, the valley walls of Jacksons Creek expose Pleistocene volcanic rocks of the New Volcanic Group.", "Organ Pipes National Park __knowledge__ These 2.5 to 2.8 million year-old basalt lavas, commonly known as \"trap rock,\" fractured during cooling into vertically standing, hexagonal basalt columns.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia ( from Latin \"mamma\" \"breast\"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Females of all mammal species nurse their young with milk, secreted from the mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals include the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The basic body type is a terrestrial quadruped, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, underground or on two legs.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables the feeding of the fetus during gestation.", "Biodiversity __knowledge__ Biodiversity, a portmanteau of \"bio\" (life) and \"diversity\", generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth.", "Biodiversity __knowledge__ According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, the species, and the ecosystem level.", "Biodiversity __knowledge__ Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity.", "Biodiversity __knowledge__ Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics.", "Biodiversity __knowledge__ These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ The terminology used to describe insects is similar to that used for other arthropods due to their shared evolutionary history.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Three physical features separate insects from other arthropods: they have a body divided into three regions (head, thorax, and abdomen), have three pairs of legs, and mouthparts located \"outside\" of the head capsule.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ It is this position of the mouthparts which divides them from their closest relatives, the non-insect hexapods, which includes Protura, Diplura, and Collembola.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ There is enormous variation in body structure amongst insect species.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Fertilisation of Orchids __knowledge__ Fertilisation of Orchids is a book by English naturalist Charles Darwin published on 15 May 1862 under the full explanatory title \"On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing\".", "Fertilisation of Orchids __knowledge__ Darwin's previous book, \"On the Origin of Species\", had briefly mentioned evolutionary interactions between insects and the plants they fertilised, and this new idea was explored in detail.", "Fertilisation of Orchids __knowledge__ Field studies and practical scientific investigations that were initially a recreation for Darwin—a relief from the drudgery of writing—developed into enjoyable and challenging experiments.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ \"I'd Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred\" is a 1969 song by The Moody Blues, from their album \"To Our Children's Children's Children\", and written by Justin Hayward.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The song is a short ballad with the theme of accomplishment and longevity.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The realization of all that the narrator has accomplished makes it seem as if he has lived to be a hundred.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The sequel to the song, \"I Never Thought I'd Live to be a Million\", which lasts only half a minute, has the same theme, except that the narrator has now reached a million years of age.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ This indicates that the narrator is God.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ Another Interpretation: \"I never thought I'd live to be a Hundred\" is about growing and maturing and being thankful for the opportunity to reach well beyond expectations, given very humble beginnings.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Insects are the only group of invertebrates that have evolved wings and flight.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Two insect groups, the dragonflies and the mayflies, have flight muscles attached directly to the wings.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Other insects have the flight muscles attached to the thorax, making it oscillate and indirectly causing the wings to beat.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Some very small insects make use not of steady-state aerodynamics but of the Weis-Fogh clap and fling mechanism, generating large lift forces at the expense of wear and tear on the wings.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Many insects can hover, maintaining height and controlling their position.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Some insects such as moths have the forewings coupled to the hindwings so these can work in unison.", "Polymorphism (biology) __knowledge__ Polymorphism in biology and zoology is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative \"phenotypes\", in the population of a species.", "Polymorphism (biology) __knowledge__ To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating).", "Polymorphism (biology) __knowledge__ Three mechanisms may cause polymorphism: Polymorphism as used in zoology and biology involves morphs of the phenotype, and the term polyphenism can be used to clarify that the different forms arise from the same genotype.", "Polymorphism (biology) __knowledge__ The term genetic polymorphism is also used somewhat differently by geneticists and molecular biologists to describe certain mutations in the genotype, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (with detection methods RFLPs and amplified fragment length polymorphism), that may not always correspond to a phenotype, but always corresponds to a branch in the genetic tree.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ The Gastropoda or gastropods, more commonly known as snails and slugs, are a large taxonomic class within the phylum Mollusca.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ The class Gastropoda includes snails and slugs of all kinds and all sizes from microscopic to \"Achatina achatina\", the largest known land gastropod.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ There are many thousands of species of sea snails and sea slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, land snails and land slugs.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian.", "Gastropoda __knowledge__ As of 2017, there are 721 families of gastropods known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record and 476 occur in the Recent with or without a fossil record.", "Land snail __knowledge__ A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to sea snails and freshwater snails.", "Land snail __knowledge__ \"Land snail\" is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as slugs).", "Land snail __knowledge__ However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and freshwater, and others are relatively amphibious between land and saltwater.", "Land snail __knowledge__ The majority of land snails are pulmonates.", "Land snail __knowledge__ That is, they have a lung and breathe air.", "Land snail __knowledge__ A minority however belong to much more ancient lineages where their anatomy includes a gill and an operculum.", "Snail __knowledge__ Snail is a common name loosely applied to shelled gastropods.", "Snail __knowledge__ The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs.", "Snail __knowledge__ However, the common name \"snail\" is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into.", "Snail __knowledge__ When the word \"snail\" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails.", "Snail __knowledge__ Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called \"slugs\", and land snails that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are often called \"semi-slugs\".", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ Boden Fortress () is a modern fortress consisting of several major and minor forts and fortifications surrounding the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ The fortress was originally intended to stop or delay attacks from the east or coastal assaults, which at the time of construction meant Russian attacks launched from Finland.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ It was primarily the expansion of the railway net in Norrland, which in turn was a consequence of the rising importance of the northern iron ore fields, that led to the increased strategic value of northern Sweden and the construction of the fortress.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ Although the main forts were finished in 1908, many of the supporting fortifications were not completed until the start of the First World War.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ The mating of gastropods is a vast and varied topic, because the taxonomic class Gastropoda is very large and diverse, a group comprising sea snails and sea slugs, freshwater snails and land snails and slugs.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ Gastropods are second only to the class Insecta in terms of total number of species.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ Some gastropods have separate sexes, others are hermaphroditic.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ Some hermaphroditic groups have simultaneous hermaphroditism, whereas some sequential hermaphroditism.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ In addition, numerous very different mating strategies are used within different taxa.", "Mating of gastropods __knowledge__ This article currently focuses primarily on the mating habits of air-breathing terrestrial slugs.", "Love dart __knowledge__ A love dart (also known as a gypsobelum) is a sharp, calcareous or chitinous dart which some hermaphroditic land snails and slugs create.", "Love dart __knowledge__ Love darts are made in sexually mature animals only, and are used as part of the sequence of events during courtship, before actual mating takes place.", "Love dart __knowledge__ Darts are quite large compared to the size of the animal: in the case of the semi-slug genus \"Parmarion\", the length of a dart can be up to one fifth that of the semi-slug's foot.", "Love dart __knowledge__ The process of using love darts in snails is a form of sexual selection.", "Love dart __knowledge__ Prior to copulation, each of the two snails (or slugs) attempts to \"shoot\" one (or more) darts into the other snail (or slug).", "Heliciculture __knowledge__ Heliciculture, also known as heliculture, commonly known as snail farming, is the process of raising land snails specifically for human use, either to use their flesh as edible escargot, or more recently, to obtain snail slime for use in cosmetics, or snail eggs for human consumption as a type of caviar.", "Heliciculture __knowledge__ Perhaps the best known edible land snail species in the Western world is \"Helix pomatia\" (also known as Roman snail or Burgundy snail).", "Heliciculture __knowledge__ This snail is located throughout much of Europe.", "Heliciculture __knowledge__ \"Cornu aspersum\" (also known as \"Helix aspersa\"), the next most known, were found originally in the Mediterranean region, but are now also common in many parts of North America, Central America, and Australasia." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 6, 2, 7 ]

[ "Nope, not for me. Someone I know wanted to be an entomologist, i.e. scientifically studying of insects. It's actually a branch of zoology.", "We all do weird things when we're young! But bugs actually account for more than 2/3 of all organisms and they're everywhere!", "Even more gross, they go back 400 million years and interact with humans and other animals. Ewww.", "But it's not just those bugs which are studied - the term insect used to be defined as things like land snails and slugs, and is still sometimes defined as such. Lots of them around!", "Me either. And entomology goes back to prehistoric times, although scientific study only really began in the 16th century. Imagine studying bugs??!" ]

[ "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology" ]

[ "Marriage\nI am not sure how I feel about marriage.", "Yes I have noticed that trend too.", "I like that idea better than a costly wedding and even more costly divorce.", "Yes and it is very stressful too.", "Sounds like the single life is the way to go!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity.", "Marriage __knowledge__ When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal.", "Marriage __knowledge__ A marriage ceremony is known as a wedding.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Individuals may marry for several reasons, including legal, social, libidinal, emotional, financial, spiritual, and religious purposes.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Whom they marry may be influenced by socially determined rules of incest, prescriptive marriage rules, parental choice and individual desire.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some areas of the world, arranged marriage, child marriage, polygamy, and sometimes forced marriage, may be practiced as a cultural tradition.", "Same-sex marriage in New Mexico __knowledge__ Same-sex marriage became legally recognized statewide in New Mexico through a ruling by the New Mexico Supreme Court on December 19, 2013, requiring all county clerks to issue marriage licenses to qualified couples seeking marriage regardless of gender.", "Same-sex marriage in New Mexico __knowledge__ Until then, same-sex couples could only obtain marriage licenses in certain counties of the state.", "Same-sex marriage in New Mexico __knowledge__ Eight of 33 counties, covering 58% of the state's population, had begun issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in August and September 2013.", "Same-sex marriage in New Mexico __knowledge__ New Mexico's marriage statute is not specific as to gender.", "Same-sex marriage in New Mexico __knowledge__ It is the only state lacking a state statute or constitutional provision explicitly addressing same-sex marriage.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward homosexuality vary greatly in different cultures and different historical periods, as do attitudes toward sexual desire, activity and relationships in general.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ All cultures have their own values regarding appropriate and inappropriate sexuality; some sanction same-sex love and sexuality, while others may disapprove of such activities in part.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ As with heterosexual behaviour, different sets of prescriptions and proscriptions may be given to individuals according to their gender, age, social status or social class.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Many of the world's cultures have, in the past, considered procreative sex within a recognized relationship to be a sexual norm—sometimes exclusively so, and sometimes alongside norms of same-sex love, whether passionate, intimate or sexual.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Dating __knowledge__ Dating is a stage of romantic relationships in humans whereby two people meet socially with the aim of each assessing the other's suitability as a prospective partner in an intimate relationship or marriage.", "Dating __knowledge__ It is a form of courtship, consisting of social activities done by the couple, either alone or with others.", "Dating __knowledge__ The protocols and practices of dating, and the terms used to describe it, vary considerably from country to country and over time.", "Dating __knowledge__ While the term has several meanings, the most frequent usage refers to two people exploring whether they are romantically or sexually compatible by participating in dates with the other.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity.", "Marriage __knowledge__ When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal.", "Marriage __knowledge__ A marriage ceremony is known as a wedding.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Individuals may marry for several reasons, including legal, social, libidinal, emotional, financial, spiritual, and religious purposes.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Whom they marry may be influenced by socially determined rules of incest, prescriptive marriage rules, parental choice and individual desire.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some areas of the world, arranged marriage, child marriage, polygamy, and sometimes forced marriage, may be practiced as a cultural tradition.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Stephen James Howe (born 8 April 1947) is an English musician, songwriter and producer, best known as the guitarist in the rock band Yes across three stints since 1970.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Born in Holloway, North London, Howe developed an interest in the guitar and began to learn the instrument himself at age 12.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ He embarked on a music career in 1964, first playing in several London-based blues, covers, and psychedelic rock bands for six years, including the Syndicats, Tomorrow, and Bodast.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Upon joining Yes in 1970, Howe helped to establish the band's change in sound, a change that led to their commercial and critical success.", "Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey __knowledge__ The Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey was a national survey that gauged support for legalising same-sex marriage in Australia.", "Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey __knowledge__ The survey was held via the postal service between 12 September and 7 November 2017.", "Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey __knowledge__ Unlike voting in elections and referendums, which is compulsory in Australia, responding to the survey was voluntary.", "Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey __knowledge__ A survey form, instructions, and a reply-paid envelope were mailed out by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) to every person on the federal electoral roll, asking the question \"Should the law be changed to allow same-sex couples to marry?\"", "Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey __knowledge__ The ABS outlined processes to ensure eligible Australians lacking access to post could participate.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Price action trading __knowledge__ The concept of price action trading embodies the analysis of basic price movement as a methodology for financial speculation, as used by many retail traders and often institutionally where algorithmic trading is not employed.", "Price action trading __knowledge__ Since it ignores the fundamental factors of a security and looks primarily at the security's price history — although sometimes it considers values derived from that price history — it is a form of technical analysis.", "Price action trading __knowledge__ What differentiates it from most forms of technical analysis is that its main focus is the relation of a security's current price to its past prices as opposed to values derived from that price history.", "Fornication __knowledge__ Fornication is generally consensual sexual intercourse between two people not married to each other.", "Fornication __knowledge__ When one of the partners to consensual sexual intercourse is a married person, it may be described as adultery.", "Fornication __knowledge__ For many people, the term carries an overtone of moral or religious disapproval, but the significance of sexual acts to which the term is applied varies between religions, societies and cultures.", "Fornication __knowledge__ In modern usage, the term is often replaced with a more judgment-neutral term like \"extramarital sex\".", "Fornication __knowledge__ In the original Greek version of the New Testament, the Greek term \"porneia\" (πορνεία) (or its variants) is used 25 times.", "Homosexuality and the Catholic Church __knowledge__ Homosexuality is addressed in Catholic moral theology under two forms: homosexual \"orientation\" is considered an \"objective disorder\" because Catholicism views it as being \"ordered toward an intrinsic moral evil\", but not sinful unless acted upon.", "Homosexuality and the Catholic Church __knowledge__ Homosexual \"sexual activity\", by contrast, is viewed as a \"moral disorder\" and \"homosexual acts\" are viewed as \"contrary to the natural law.", "Homosexuality and the Catholic Church __knowledge__ They close the sexual act to the gift of life.", "Homosexuality and the Catholic Church __knowledge__ They do not proceed from a genuine affective and sexual complementarity.\"", "Homosexuality and the Catholic Church __knowledge__ The Catholic Church teaches that marriage can be made only between a man and a woman, and opposes introduction of both civil and religious same-sex marriage.", "Cultural Union for the Friendship of the People __knowledge__ The Cultural Union for the Friendship of the Peoples () is a nonprofit entity based in the city of São Paulo, Brasil.", "Cultural Union for the Friendship of the People __knowledge__ Initially named Brazil–Soviet Union Cultural Union, it was founded in May 10, 1960 by a large number of Brazilian intellectuals, emphasizing the following ones: writer Sergio Milliet (its first President), doctor Joao Belline Burza, judge Decio de Arruda Campos, lawyer Aldo Lins e Silva, engineer Lucas Nogueira Garcez, writer Caio Prado Junior, writer Helena Silveira, poet Afonso Schimidt, professor Omar Catunda, painter Clovis Graciano, sociologist Florestan Fernandes, among others.", "World Lebanese Cultural Union __knowledge__ World Lebanese Cultural Union (WLCU) (Arabic:الجامعة اللبنانية الثقافية في العالم Al Jami'a al Lubnaniyya al Thaqafiyya fil 'Alam; French: Union libanaise culturelle mondiale (ULCM); Spanish: Unión Libanesa Cultural Mundial; Portuguese: União Libanese Cultural Mundial) is an international, secular, non-denominational, non-profit organization sponsored by the Government of Lebanon but working independently in cooperation with Lebanese emigrants abroad, representing the Lebanese Diaspora in the world.", "World Lebanese Cultural Union __knowledge__ WLCU/ULCM has offices in many major centers of Lebanese presence worldwide.", "World Lebanese Cultural Union __knowledge__ The organization, founded in Beirut, Lebanon in 1960, under the name World Lebanese Union and later in 1973 on the name was changed to World Lebanese Cultural Union to promote the cultural aspects of the Lebanese people throughout the world.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ Interracial marriage is a form of exogamy that involves a marriage between spouses who belong to different socially-defined races or racialized ethnicities.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ In the past, it was outlawed in the United States of America and in South Africa.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ It was formally declared legal in the United States in 1967 when the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in the case \"Loving v. Virginia\" that race-based restrictions on the set of individuals whom an individual is eligible to marry violate the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ In English, an \"interracial marriage\" refers to the institution of marriage, including childless marriages.", "Dating __knowledge__ Dating is a stage of romantic relationships in humans whereby two people meet socially with the aim of each assessing the other's suitability as a prospective partner in an intimate relationship or marriage.", "Dating __knowledge__ It is a form of courtship, consisting of social activities done by the couple, either alone or with others.", "Dating __knowledge__ The protocols and practices of dating, and the terms used to describe it, vary considerably from country to country and over time.", "Dating __knowledge__ While the term has several meanings, the most frequent usage refers to two people exploring whether they are romantically or sexually compatible by participating in dates with the other." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity.", "Marriage __knowledge__ When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal.", "Marriage __knowledge__ A marriage ceremony is known as a wedding.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Individuals may marry for several reasons, including legal, social, libidinal, emotional, financial, spiritual, and religious purposes.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Whom they marry may be influenced by socially determined rules of incest, prescriptive marriage rules, parental choice and individual desire.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some areas of the world, arranged marriage, child marriage, polygamy, and sometimes forced marriage, may be practiced as a cultural tradition.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Signalling theory __knowledge__ Within evolutionary biology, signalling theory is a body of theoretical work examining communication between individuals, both within species and across species.", "Signalling theory __knowledge__ The central question is when organisms with conflicting interests, such as in sexual selection, should be expected to provide honest signals (no presumption being made of conscious intention) rather than cheating.", "Signalling theory __knowledge__ Mathematical models describe how signalling can contribute to an evolutionarily stable strategy.", "Signalling theory __knowledge__ Signals are given in contexts such as mate selection by females, which subjects the advertising males' signals to selective pressure.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Batman Beyond (comics) __knowledge__ The Batman Beyond concept—featuring the fictional character Terry McGinnis as Batman and based on the television series of the same name—has appeared in various DC Comics publications.", "Batman Beyond (comics) __knowledge__ These include a six-issue miniseries from 1999, a 24-issue series that ran from 1999 to 2001, the 2010 \"Hush\" arc in comic books by DC Comics, and a 2011 eight-issue series.", "Batman Beyond (comics) __knowledge__ A short-running series titled \"Batman Beyond Unlimited\" became the fifth.", "Batman Beyond (comics) __knowledge__ \"Batman Beyond 2.0\" (2013) is the sixth series to feature the character.", "Batman Beyond (comics) __knowledge__ After an initial six-issue limited series released in March 1999, \"Batman Beyond\" had its own comic book series, running through November 1999 until October 2001, for a total of 24 issues.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ Laura Allison Wasser (born May 23, 1968, Los Angeles) is an American attorney specializing in divorce.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ Her clients have included Ryan Reynolds, Heidi Klum, Ashton Kutcher, Christina Aguilera, Marta Kauffman, and Johnny Depp, as well as pro bono clients from the Harriet Buhai Center for Family Law.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ Celebrity gossip website TMZ calls her the \"disso queen\" (\"disso\" for marriage dissolution).", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ Wasser was born in Los Angeles, California.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ She graduated from Beverly Hills High School in 1986 and spent one year abroad in high school attending The American School in Switzerland.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ She has a B.A.", "Laura Wasser __knowledge__ in Rhetoric from University of California, Berkeley, and she earned a law degree from Loyola Law School in 1994.", "Dating __knowledge__ Dating is a stage of romantic relationships in humans whereby two people meet socially with the aim of each assessing the other's suitability as a prospective partner in an intimate relationship or marriage.", "Dating __knowledge__ It is a form of courtship, consisting of social activities done by the couple, either alone or with others.", "Dating __knowledge__ The protocols and practices of dating, and the terms used to describe it, vary considerably from country to country and over time.", "Dating __knowledge__ While the term has several meanings, the most frequent usage refers to two people exploring whether they are romantically or sexually compatible by participating in dates with the other.", "Mixed-orientation marriage __knowledge__ A mixed-orientation marriage is a marriage between partners of differing sexual orientations.", "Mixed-orientation marriage __knowledge__ The broader term is mixed-orientation relationship and both terms are often shortened to MOM and MOR respectively.", "Mixed-orientation marriage __knowledge__ The people involved in such a marriage may not be romantically or sexually compatible, for example if the marriage is between a heterosexual male and a homosexual female.", "Mixed-orientation marriage __knowledge__ The term also applies when one of the partners involved is asexual and/or aromantic, leading to a mixed desire for sexual activity and/or romantic activity.", "Mixed-orientation marriage __knowledge__ The marriage of an asexual to a sexual is one in which the asexual partner either does not experience sexual desire or attraction, or experiences low desire or attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ A lesbian is a homosexual woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The term \"lesbian\" is also used to express sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The concept of \"lesbian\", to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Sexual intercourse __knowledge__ Sexual intercourse (or coitus or copulation) is principally the insertion and thrusting of the penis, usually when erect, into the vagina for sexual pleasure, reproduction, or both.", "Sexual intercourse __knowledge__ This is also known as vaginal intercourse or vaginal sex.", "Sexual intercourse __knowledge__ Other forms of penetrative sexual intercourse include anal sex (penetration of the anus by the penis), oral sex (penetration of the mouth by the penis or oral penetration of the female genitalia), fingering (sexual penetration by the fingers), and penetration by use of a dildo (especially a strap-on dildo).", "Sexual intercourse __knowledge__ These activities involve physical intimacy between two or more individuals and are usually used among humans solely for physical or emotional pleasure and can contribute to human bonding.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ Marital rape (or spousal rape) is the act of sexual intercourse with one's spouse without the spouse's consent.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ It is a form of domestic violence and sexual abuse.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ Although, historically, sexual intercourse within marriage was regarded as a right of spouses, engaging in the act without the spouse's consent is now widely recognized by law and society as a wrong and as a crime.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ It is recognized as rape by many societies around the world, repudiated by international conventions, and increasingly criminalized.", "Marital rape __knowledge__ The issues of sexual and domestic violence within marriage and the family unit, and more specifically, the issue of violence against women, have come to growing international attention from the second half of the 20th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity.", "Marriage __knowledge__ When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal.", "Marriage __knowledge__ A marriage ceremony is known as a wedding.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Individuals may marry for several reasons, including legal, social, libidinal, emotional, financial, spiritual, and religious purposes.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Whom they marry may be influenced by socially determined rules of incest, prescriptive marriage rules, parental choice and individual desire.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some areas of the world, arranged marriage, child marriage, polygamy, and sometimes forced marriage, may be practiced as a cultural tradition.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ In psychology, stress is a feeling of strain and pressure.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Also this is one type of psychological pain.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and even healthy.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Positive stress helps improve athletic performance.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Stress can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, dwarfism, and mental illnesses such as depression.", "Psychological stress __knowledge__ Stress can be external and related to the environment, but may also be created by internal perceptions that cause an individual to experience anxiety or other negative emotions surrounding a situation, such as pressure, discomfort, etc., which they then deem stressful.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ The effects of stress on memory include interference with a person's capacity to encode memory and the ability to retrieve information.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ During times of stress, the body reacts by secreting stress hormones into the bloodstream.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Stress can cause acute and chronic changes in certain brain areas which can cause long-term damage.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Over-secretion of stress hormones most frequently impairs memory, but in a few cases can enhance it.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ In particular, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are affected.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ One class of stress hormone responsible for negatively affecting memory is the glucocorticoids (GCs), the most notable of which is cortisol.", "Micromanagement __knowledge__ In business management, micromanagement is a management style whereby a manager closely observes and/or controls the work of his/her subordinates or employees.", "Micromanagement __knowledge__ Micromanagement is generally considered to have a negative connotation.", "Micromanagement __knowledge__ Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary defines micromanagement as \"manage[ment] especially with excessive control or attention on details\".", "Micromanagement __knowledge__ Dictionary.com defines micromanagement as \"manage[ment] or control with excessive attention to minor details\".", "Micromanagement __knowledge__ The online dictionary Encarta defined micromanagement as \"atten[tion] to small details in management: control [of] a person or a situation by paying extreme attention to small details\".", "Stress (biology) __knowledge__ Physiological or biological stress is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.", "Stress (biology) __knowledge__ Stress is the body's method of reacting to a condition such as a challenge or physical and psychological barrier.", "Stress (biology) __knowledge__ Stimuli that alter an organism's environment are responded to by multiple systems in the body.", "Stress (biology) __knowledge__ The autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are two major systems that respond to stress.", "Stress (biology) __knowledge__ The sympathoadrenal medullary (SAM) axis may activate the fight-or-flight response through the sympathetic nervous system, which dedicates energy to more relevant bodily systems to acute adaption to stress, while the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Self-blame is a cognitive process in which an individual attributes the occurrence of a stressful event to oneself.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ The direction of blame often has implications for individuals’ emotions and behaviors during and following stressful situations.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Self-blame is a common reaction to stressful events and has certain effects on how individuals adapt.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Types of self-blame are hypothesized to contribute to depression, and self-blame is a component of self-directed emotions like guilt and self-disgust.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Because of self-blame’s commonality in response to stress and its role in emotion, self-blame should be examined using psychology’s perspectives on stress and coping.", "Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model __knowledge__ The Vulnerability Stress Adaptation (VSA) Model is a framework for conceptualizing the dynamic processes of marriage, created by Benjamin Karney and Thomas Bradbury.", "Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model __knowledge__ The VSA Model emphasizes the consideration of multiple dimensions of functioning, including couple members’ enduring vulnerabilities, experiences of stressful events, and adaptive processes, to account for variations in marital quality and stability over time.", "Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model __knowledge__ The VSA model was a departure from past research considering any one of these themes separately as a contributor to marital outcomes, and integrated these separate factors into a single, cohesive framework in order to best explain how and why marriages change over time.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ The fathers' rights movement has evolved in many countries.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ This article provides details about the fathers' rights movement in specific countries.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ Fathers' rights groups began in Australia in the 1970s with the founding of organizations such as the Lone Fathers Association.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ Other well-known groups include Equality for Fathers, Dads Against Discrimination, Dads in Distress, Fathers Without Rights, The Men's Confraternity and the Shared Parenting Council.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ As with other fathers' rights activists, Australian organizations focus on issues of erosion of the family unit, custody, access, child support, domestic violence (including false allegations, and violence against men), child abuse, maintenance, the reintroduction of fault into divorce proceedings, biased and adversarial court systems and secrecy issues.", "Divorce in the United States __knowledge__ Like marriage, divorce in the United States is under the jurisdiction of state governments, not the federal government.", "Divorce in the United States __knowledge__ Divorce or \"dissolution of marriage\" is a legal process in which a judge or other authority dissolves the bonds of matrimony existing between two persons, thus restoring them to the status of being single and permitting them to marry other individuals.", "Divorce in the United States __knowledge__ The legal process for divorce may also involve issues of spousal support, child custody, child support, distribution of property and division of debt, though these matters are usually only ancillary or consequential to the dissolution of the marriage.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ This article is a general overview of divorce laws around the world.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ Every nation in the world allows its residents to divorce under some conditions except the Philippines (though Muslims in the Philippines have the right to divorce) and the Vatican City, an ecclesiastical sovereign city-state, which has no procedure for divorce.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ In these two countries, laws only allow annulment of marriages.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ In Muslim societies, legislation concerning divorce varies from country to country.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ Different Muslim scholars can have slightly differing interpretations of divorce in Islam, (e.g.", "Divorce law by country __knowledge__ concerning triple talaq).", "Alimony __knowledge__ Alimony (also called aliment (Scotland), maintenance (England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Wales, Canada), spousal support (U.S., Canada) and spousal maintenance (Australia)) is a legal obligation on a person to provide financial support to their spouse before or after marital separation or divorce.", "Alimony __knowledge__ The obligation arises from the divorce law or family law of each country.", "Alimony __knowledge__ The term alimony comes from the Latin word \"alimōnia\" (\"nourishment, sustenance\", from \"alere,\" \"to nourish\"), from which also alimentary (of, or relating to food, nutrition, or digestion) and the Scots law concept of aliment, and was a rule of sustenance to assure the wife's lodging, food, clothing, and other necessities after divorce.", "Men's rights movement in India __knowledge__ The men's rights movement in India is composed of various men's rights organisations in India.", "Men's rights movement in India __knowledge__ Proponents of the movement support the introduction of gender-neutral legislation and repeal of laws that they consider are biased against men.", "Men's rights movement in India __knowledge__ The movement notes several issues with the bias against men in India.", "Men's rights movement in India __knowledge__ Men's rights activists claim that anti-dowry laws in India are frequently being misused to harass and extort husbands, and attributed this to the high suicide rate among married men in India, which is almost twice that of women.", "Men's rights movement in India __knowledge__ They claim that the divorce and child custody laws are biased against men.", "No-fault divorce __knowledge__ No-fault divorce is a divorce in which the dissolution of a marriage does not require a showing of wrongdoing by either party.", "No-fault divorce __knowledge__ Laws providing for no-fault divorce allow a family court to grant a divorce in response to a petition by either party of the marriage without requiring the petitioner to provide evidence that the defendant has committed a breach of the marital contract.", "No-fault divorce __knowledge__ The first modern no-fault divorce law was enacted in Russia in December 1917 following the October Revolution of the same year.", "No-fault divorce __knowledge__ Regarding marriage as a bourgeois institution, the new government transferred divorce jurisdiction from the Russian Orthodox Church to the state courts, which could grant it on application of either spouse." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity.", "Marriage __knowledge__ When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal.", "Marriage __knowledge__ A marriage ceremony is known as a wedding.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Individuals may marry for several reasons, including legal, social, libidinal, emotional, financial, spiritual, and religious purposes.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Whom they marry may be influenced by socially determined rules of incest, prescriptive marriage rules, parental choice and individual desire.", "Marriage __knowledge__ In some areas of the world, arranged marriage, child marriage, polygamy, and sometimes forced marriage, may be practiced as a cultural tradition.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ In Chinese tradition, certain numbers are believed by some to be auspicious (吉利, ) or inauspicious (不利, ) based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are generally considered to be auspicious, while 4 and 7 are considered inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 0 (零, ) is the beginning of all things and is generally considered a good number.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ The number 1 (一, ) is neither auspicious nor inauspicious.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ It is a number given to winners to indicate the first place.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ But it can also symbolize loneliness or being single.", "Chinese numerology __knowledge__ For example: November 11th is the Singles' Day in China, as the date has four ‘1’ which stand for singles.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The Chemistry Set are a cult London psychedelic band.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Composed of veterans of the late 1980s neo-psychedelic boom, the group received regular airplay on John Peel's show, were covered in the mainstream and underground music press and appeared on Tony Wilson's BBC2 television show, \"100%\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The original line up consisted of Ashley Wood (rhythm guitar/vocals), Paul Lake (lead guitar/vocals), Henry Taprell (bass) and Dave McLean (drums/vocals) with Neil Pond (Harmonica and percussion) joining them both onstage and in the studio.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Wood and Lake had previously played in school bands for a number of years having met at secondary school in south east London.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ This is the list of fictional characters in \"The Adventures of Tintin\", the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed alphabetically, grouped by the Main characters, the Antagonists, and the Supporting characters.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ Before the list, there is an Index of characters for each of the 24 albums.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ The supporting characters Hergé created for his series have been described as far more developed than the central character, each imbued with a strength of character and depth of personality that has been compared with that of the characters of Charles Dickens.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ Hergé used the supporting characters to create a realistic world in which to set his protagonists' adventures.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ Under European Union law, an annuity is a financial contract which provides an income stream in return for an initial payment with specific parameters.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ It is the opposite of a settlement funding.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ A Swiss annuity is not considered a European annuity for tax reasons.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ An immediate annuity is an annuity for which the time between the contract date and the date of the first payment is not longer than the time interval between payments.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ A common use for an immediate annuity is to provide a pension to a retired person or persons.", "Annuity (European) __knowledge__ It is a financial contract which makes a series of payments with certain characteristics: An annuity certain pays the annuitant for a number of years designated.", "Assault occasioning actual bodily harm __knowledge__ Assault occasioning actual bodily harm (often abbreviated to Assault O.A.B.H.", "Assault occasioning actual bodily harm __knowledge__ or simply ABH) is a statutory offence of aggravated assault in England and Wales, Northern Ireland, the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Hong Kong and the Solomon Islands.", "Assault occasioning actual bodily harm __knowledge__ It has been abolished in the Republic of Ireland and in South Australia, but replaced with a similar offence.", "Assault occasioning actual bodily harm __knowledge__ Anything interfering with the health or comfort of victim which is more than merely transient or trifling has been held by Australian courts to be \"actual bodily harm\".", "Assault occasioning actual bodily harm __knowledge__ The offence is created by section 24(1) of the Crimes Act 1900.", "Non-fatal offences against the person in English law __knowledge__ Non-fatal offences against the person, under English law, are generally taken to mean offences which take the form of an attack directed at another person, that do not result in the death of any person.", "Non-fatal offences against the person in English law __knowledge__ Such offences where death occurs are considered homicide, whilst sexual offences are generally considered separately, since they differ substantially from other offences against the person in theoretical basis and composition.", "Non-fatal offences against the person in English law __knowledge__ Non-fatal offences against the person mainly derive from the Offences against the Person Act 1861, although no definition of assault or battery is given there.", "Non-fatal offences against the person in English law __knowledge__ Offences against the person include minor forms of battery (any unlawful touching of another person); its complimentary offence, assault (causing the apprehension of a battery, even when one has not yet occurred); and various more serious offences which are based on assault and battery (together called \"common assault\").", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Offences Against the Person Act 1861 __knowledge__ The Offences Against the Person Act 1861 (24 & 25 Vict c 100) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.", "Offences Against the Person Act 1861 __knowledge__ It consolidated provisions related to offences against the person (an expression, which, in particular, includes offences of violence) from a number of earlier statutes into a single Act.", "Offences Against the Person Act 1861 __knowledge__ For the most part these provisions were, according to the draftsman of the Act, incorporated with little or no variation in their phraseology.", "Offences Against the Person Act 1861 __knowledge__ It is one of a group of Acts sometimes referred to as the criminal law consolidation Acts 1861.", "Offences Against the Person Act 1861 __knowledge__ It was passed with the object of simplifying the law.", "Criminal transmission of HIV __knowledge__ Criminal transmission of HIV is the intentional or reckless infection of a person with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).", "Criminal transmission of HIV __knowledge__ This is often conflated, in laws and in discussion, with criminal exposure to HIV, which does not require the transmission of the virus and often, as in the cases of spitting and biting, does not include a realistic means of transmission.", "Criminal transmission of HIV __knowledge__ Some countries or jurisdictions, including some areas of the U.S., have enacted laws expressly to criminalize HIV transmission or exposure, charging those accused with criminal transmission of HIV.", "Criminal transmission of HIV __knowledge__ Others, including the United Kingdom, charge the accused under existing laws with such crimes as murder, fraud (Canada), manslaughter, attempted murder, or assault.", "Grievous bodily harm __knowledge__ Grievous bodily harm (often abbreviated to GBH) is a technical term used in English criminal law which has become synonymous with the offences that are created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861.", "Grievous bodily harm __knowledge__ The distinction between these two sections is the requirement of specific intent for section 18; the offence under section 18 is variously referred to as \"wounding with intent\" or \"causing grievous bodily harm with intent\", whereas the offence under section 20 is variously referred to as \"unlawful wounding\", \"malicious wounding\" or \"inflicting grievous bodily harm\".", "Grievous bodily harm __knowledge__ The offence is the most serious form of assault anyone can commit.", "Assault __knowledge__ In criminal and civil law, assault is a threat of imminent harmful or offensive contact with a person, or a threat to do so.", "Assault __knowledge__ It is distinct from battery, which refers to the actual achievement of such contact.", "Assault __knowledge__ An assault is carried out by a threat of bodily harm coupled with an apparent, present ability to cause the harm.", "Assault __knowledge__ It is both a crime and a tort and, therefore, may result in either criminal and/or civil liability.", "Assault __knowledge__ Generally, the common law definition is the same in criminal and tort law.", "Assault __knowledge__ There is, however, an additional criminal law category of assault consisting of an attempted but unsuccessful battery." ] ]

[ 4, 61, 10, 14, 3 ]

[ "Marriage is considered a cultural union. I believe that this is becoming less and less of a thing. ", "more people just continue to date long term rather than marriage. its to explore whether they are romantically or sexually compatible. ", "absolutely, divorce laws vary but you have to deal with alimony and child custody if they had kids. ", "Stress from marriage can lead to bodily harm if there are excessive amounts of it. ", "it just has to do with the culture that you were raised in. some cultures want you to marry before pursuing any sexual activity. " ]

[ "Marriage", "Marriage", "Marriage", "Marriage", "Marriage" ]

[ "Blond\nI have blond hair.", "And is grey hair when it loses all pigment?", "And is blond the most common hair color?", "What about blond hair?", "Where does blond hair originated?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "Blond __knowledge__ It gradually eclipsed the native term \"fair\", of same meaning, from Old English \"fæġer\", causing \"fair\" later to become a general term for \"light complexioned\".", "Blond __knowledge__ This earlier use of \"fair\" survives in the proper name Fairfax, from Old English \"fæġer-feahs\" meaning \"blond hair\".", "Blond __knowledge__ The French (and thus also the derived English) word \"blond\" has two possible origins.", "Blond __knowledge__ Some linguists say it comes from Medieval Latin \"blundus\", meaning \"yellow\", from Old Frankish \"blund\" which would relate it to Old English \"blonden-feax\" meaning \"grey-haired\", from \"blondan/blandan\" meaning \"to mix\" (Cf.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ European Mexicans are Mexican citizens of complete or predominant European descent.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ While the Mexican government periodically conducts racial censuses for \"Indigenous Mexicans\" and \"Afro-Mexicans\" it has not conducted a census for European Mexicans for nearly a century.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ Estimates of this ethnic group as a segment of the country's population range from 9% and 20% according to \"The World Factbook\" and Encyclopædia Britannica to as high as 47% according to the ENADIS 2010 (National Survey About Discrimination), conducted by the CONAPRED (National Council to Prevent Discrimination) as a mean to address the problems of racism that Mexicans of mainly Indigenous or African ancestry suffer at hands of a society that favors light skinned, European looking Mexicans.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Hairstyle fashion in Rome was ever changing, and particularly in the Roman Imperial Period there were a number of different ways to style hair.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ As with clothes, there were several hairstyles that were limited to certain people in ancient society.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Styles are so distinctive they allow scholars today to create a chronology of Roman portraiture and art; we are able to date pictures of the empresses on coins, or identify busts depending on their hairstyles.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Much like today, hair for the Romans was as much an expression of personal identity as clothes.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Hairstyles were determined by a number of factors, namely gender, age, social status, wealth and profession.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Maximum Ride\" young adult fiction book series by James Patterson.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Maximum, known as Max for short, is the leader of the 'flock'.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ In the first book, she is 14.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She has brown hair and brown eyes.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She is 5'8\", a little over 90lbs with a wingspan of 13 feet.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Her wings are tan with brown spots, and her primary feathers are streaked black and white.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She strives to make the flock happy, and when they face challenges, she feels as if she has to protect them.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ They are all often viewed as her children, though Max sometimes forgets that she is not much older than the rest of them." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "Blond __knowledge__ It gradually eclipsed the native term \"fair\", of same meaning, from Old English \"fæġer\", causing \"fair\" later to become a general term for \"light complexioned\".", "Blond __knowledge__ This earlier use of \"fair\" survives in the proper name Fairfax, from Old English \"fæġer-feahs\" meaning \"blond hair\".", "Blond __knowledge__ The French (and thus also the derived English) word \"blond\" has two possible origins.", "Blond __knowledge__ Some linguists say it comes from Medieval Latin \"blundus\", meaning \"yellow\", from Old Frankish \"blund\" which would relate it to Old English \"blonden-feax\" meaning \"grey-haired\", from \"blondan/blandan\" meaning \"to mix\" (Cf.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Grey __knowledge__ Grey (British English) or gray (American English; see spelling differences) is an intermediate color between black and white.", "Grey __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color \"without color.\"", "Grey __knowledge__ It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash and of lead.", "Grey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"grey\" as a color name in the English language was in AD 700.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Grey\" is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, although \"gray\" remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Gray\" has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825, although \"grey\" is an accepted variant.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Melanin (; from \"melas\", \"black, dark\") is a broad term for a group of natural pigments found in most organisms.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Melanin is produced by the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine, followed by polymerization.", "Melanin __knowledge__ The melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.", "Melanin __knowledge__ There are three basic types of melanin: eumelanin, pheomelanin, and neuromelanin.", "Melanin __knowledge__ The most common type is eumelanin, of which there are two types—brown eumelanin and black eumelanin.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Pheomelanin is a cysteine that contains red polymer of benzothiazine units largely responsible for red hair, among other pigmentation.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is the second most common human hair color, after black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It varies from light brown to almost black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by higher levels of the dark pigment eumelanin and lower levels of the pale pigment pheomelanin.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Its strands are thicker than those of fair hair but not as much as those of red hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ People with brown hair are often referred to as brunette, which in French is the feminine form of \"brunet,\" the diminutive of \"brun\" (brown, brown-haired or dark-haired).", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is common among populations in the Western world, especially among those from Central Europe, Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Southern Cone, the United States, and also some populations in the Greater Middle East where it transitions smoothly into black hair.", "Brown __knowledge__ Brown is a composite color.", "Brown __knowledge__ In the CMYK color model used in printing or painting, brown is made by combining red, black, and yellow, or red, yellow, and blue.", "Brown __knowledge__ In the RGB color model used to project colors onto television screens and computer monitors, brown is made by combining red and green, in specific proportions.", "Brown __knowledge__ The brown color is seen widely in nature, in wood, soil, human hair color, eye color and skin pigmentation.", "Brown __knowledge__ Brown is the color of dark wood or rich soil.", "Brown __knowledge__ According to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, brown is the least favorite color of the public; the color is most often associated with plainness, the rustic, feces, and poverty.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The \"Angel's Friends\" comic and cartoon series features a cast of characters designed by Giada Perissinotto (comic) and Igor Chimisso (cartoon).", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional town, where four teenage Angels and four teenage Devils, are attending the Golden School to learn the art of being Guardian Angels and Guardian Devils, guarding and tempting the human beings, called Earthly ones.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ Angels come from Angie Town and are ruled by the High Spheres, while Devils are from Sulfur City and are ruled by Low Spheres.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The Angels, called \"Angel's Friends\", are led by the main character, Raf, and are composed of her three friends Uri, Miki and Sweet, while the Devils, called \"Devil's Enemies\", are led by Sulfus and are composed by his friends Kabale, Cabiria and Gas.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The champagne gene is a simple dominant allele responsible for a number of rare horse coat colors.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The most distinctive traits of horses with the champagne gene are the hazel eyes and pinkish, freckled skin, which are bright blue and bright pink at birth, respectively.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The coat color is also affected: any hairs that would have been red are gold, and any hairs that would have been black are chocolate brown.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ If a horse inherits the champagne gene from either or both parents, a coat that would otherwise be chestnut is instead gold champagne, with bay corresponding to amber champagne, seal brown to sable champagne, and black to classic champagne.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring, or hair dyeing, is the practice of changing the hair color.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ The main reasons for this are cosmetic: to cover gray or white hair, to change to a color regarded as more fashionable or desirable, to restore the original hair color after it has been discolored by hairdressing processes or sun bleaching.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring can be done professionally by a hairdresser or independently at home.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Today, hair coloring is very popular, with 75% of women and 18% of men living in Copenhagen having reported using hair dye according to a study by the University of Copenhagen.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ At home coloring in the United States reached $1.9 billion in 2011 and is expected to raise to $2.2 billion by 2016.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "Blond __knowledge__ It gradually eclipsed the native term \"fair\", of same meaning, from Old English \"fæġer\", causing \"fair\" later to become a general term for \"light complexioned\".", "Blond __knowledge__ This earlier use of \"fair\" survives in the proper name Fairfax, from Old English \"fæġer-feahs\" meaning \"blond hair\".", "Blond __knowledge__ The French (and thus also the derived English) word \"blond\" has two possible origins.", "Blond __knowledge__ Some linguists say it comes from Medieval Latin \"blundus\", meaning \"yellow\", from Old Frankish \"blund\" which would relate it to Old English \"blonden-feax\" meaning \"grey-haired\", from \"blondan/blandan\" meaning \"to mix\" (Cf.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring, or hair dyeing, is the practice of changing the hair color.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ The main reasons for this are cosmetic: to cover gray or white hair, to change to a color regarded as more fashionable or desirable, to restore the original hair color after it has been discolored by hairdressing processes or sun bleaching.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring can be done professionally by a hairdresser or independently at home.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Today, hair coloring is very popular, with 75% of women and 18% of men living in Copenhagen having reported using hair dye according to a study by the University of Copenhagen.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ At home coloring in the United States reached $1.9 billion in 2011 and is expected to raise to $2.2 billion by 2016.", "Hair care __knowledge__ Hair care is an overall term for hygiene and cosmetology involving the hair which grows from the human scalp, and to a lesser extent facial, pubic and other body hair.", "Hair care __knowledge__ Hair care routines differ according to an individual's culture and the physical characteristics of one's hair.", "Hair care __knowledge__ Hair may be colored, trimmed, shaved, plucked, or otherwise removed with treatments such as waxing, sugaring, and threading.", "Hair care __knowledge__ Hair care services are offered in salons, barbershops, and day spas, and products are available commercially for home use.", "Hair care __knowledge__ Laser hair removal and electrolysis are also available, though these are provided (in the US) by licensed professionals in medical offices or speciality spas.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest hues.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ An individual's skin pigmentation is the result of genetics, being the product of both of the individual's biological parents' genetic makeup.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ In evolution, skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances, although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes and it is the main determinant of the skin color of darker-skinned humans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "Blond __knowledge__ It gradually eclipsed the native term \"fair\", of same meaning, from Old English \"fæġer\", causing \"fair\" later to become a general term for \"light complexioned\".", "Blond __knowledge__ This earlier use of \"fair\" survives in the proper name Fairfax, from Old English \"fæġer-feahs\" meaning \"blond hair\".", "Blond __knowledge__ The French (and thus also the derived English) word \"blond\" has two possible origins.", "Blond __knowledge__ Some linguists say it comes from Medieval Latin \"blundus\", meaning \"yellow\", from Old Frankish \"blund\" which would relate it to Old English \"blonden-feax\" meaning \"grey-haired\", from \"blondan/blandan\" meaning \"to mix\" (Cf.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ European Mexicans are Mexican citizens of complete or predominant European descent.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ While the Mexican government periodically conducts racial censuses for \"Indigenous Mexicans\" and \"Afro-Mexicans\" it has not conducted a census for European Mexicans for nearly a century.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ Estimates of this ethnic group as a segment of the country's population range from 9% and 20% according to \"The World Factbook\" and Encyclopædia Britannica to as high as 47% according to the ENADIS 2010 (National Survey About Discrimination), conducted by the CONAPRED (National Council to Prevent Discrimination) as a mean to address the problems of racism that Mexicans of mainly Indigenous or African ancestry suffer at hands of a society that favors light skinned, European looking Mexicans.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Hairstyle fashion in Rome was ever changing, and particularly in the Roman Imperial Period there were a number of different ways to style hair.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ As with clothes, there were several hairstyles that were limited to certain people in ancient society.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Styles are so distinctive they allow scholars today to create a chronology of Roman portraiture and art; we are able to date pictures of the empresses on coins, or identify busts depending on their hairstyles.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Much like today, hair for the Romans was as much an expression of personal identity as clothes.", "Roman hairstyles __knowledge__ Hairstyles were determined by a number of factors, namely gender, age, social status, wealth and profession.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Maximum Ride\" young adult fiction book series by James Patterson.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Maximum, known as Max for short, is the leader of the 'flock'.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ In the first book, she is 14.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She has brown hair and brown eyes.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She is 5'8\", a little over 90lbs with a wingspan of 13 feet.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Her wings are tan with brown spots, and her primary feathers are streaked black and white.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She strives to make the flock happy, and when they face challenges, she feels as if she has to protect them.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ They are all often viewed as her children, though Max sometimes forgets that she is not much older than the rest of them.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ \"Ginger Kids\" is the eleventh episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ The 136th episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 9, 2005.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ It caused controversy after its ironic premise was misunderstood by people who acted violently against redheads.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ In the episode, Cartman suffers from a mysterious and sudden onset of Gingervitus.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ Sick and tired of being ridiculed for his red hair, light skin and freckles, he rallies all the ginger kids everywhere to fight against discrimination and rise up and become the master race they are intended to be.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This is a list of protagonists and antagonists from British author Anthony Horowitz's \"Alex Rider\" series.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This includes characters from the novels, the film, the graphic novels, and the short stories.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Anthony Sean Howell, more commonly referred to as Ash (his initials), is a major character in \"Snakehead\".", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was born in England and worked for MI6 with his best friend John Rider.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ When John went undercover within Scorpia, Ash was assigned to monitor his progress from a distance in case his friend got into difficulty.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was chosen to lead the mission to \"capture\" John, when he and Yassen Gregorovich were sent to kill a target in Malta.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in the British series of children's books, \"Horrid Henry\", written by Francesca Simon.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ It also includes names from the CITV TV series of the same name.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ Aerobic Al is an extremely athletic boy, who is often displayed engaging in various athletic endavours.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He has blonde hair and is shown to be one of Henry's close friends.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He is often seen with Ralph and Bert.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He loves Fuzzy Gumball Sweets as shown in Horrid Henry's Sports Day.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He wears a white shirt with blue collars and shorts, and teal keds.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ In the TV series, he speaks with a Birmingham accent and is voiced by Wayne Forester.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "Blond __knowledge__ It gradually eclipsed the native term \"fair\", of same meaning, from Old English \"fæġer\", causing \"fair\" later to become a general term for \"light complexioned\".", "Blond __knowledge__ This earlier use of \"fair\" survives in the proper name Fairfax, from Old English \"fæġer-feahs\" meaning \"blond hair\".", "Blond __knowledge__ The French (and thus also the derived English) word \"blond\" has two possible origins.", "Blond __knowledge__ Some linguists say it comes from Medieval Latin \"blundus\", meaning \"yellow\", from Old Frankish \"blund\" which would relate it to Old English \"blonden-feax\" meaning \"grey-haired\", from \"blondan/blandan\" meaning \"to mix\" (Cf.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ European Mexicans are Mexican citizens of complete or predominant European descent.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ While the Mexican government periodically conducts racial censuses for \"Indigenous Mexicans\" and \"Afro-Mexicans\" it has not conducted a census for European Mexicans for nearly a century.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ Estimates of this ethnic group as a segment of the country's population range from 9% and 20% according to \"The World Factbook\" and Encyclopædia Britannica to as high as 47% according to the ENADIS 2010 (National Survey About Discrimination), conducted by the CONAPRED (National Council to Prevent Discrimination) as a mean to address the problems of racism that Mexicans of mainly Indigenous or African ancestry suffer at hands of a society that favors light skinned, European looking Mexicans.", "Nordic race __knowledge__ The Nordic race was one of the putative sub-races into which some late 19th to mid 20th century anthropologists divided the Caucasian race.", "Nordic race __knowledge__ People of the Nordic type were to be mostly found in the Nordic countries.", "Nordic race __knowledge__ The psychological traits of Nordics were described as truthful, equitable, competitive, naïve, reserved, and individualistic.", "Nordic race __knowledge__ Other supposed sub-races were the Alpine race, Dinaric race, East Baltic race, and the Mediterranean race.", "Nordic race __knowledge__ Nordicism was an ideology of racial separatism which viewed Nordics as an endangered racial group, most notably in Madison Grant's book \"The Passing of the Great Race\".", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Maximum Ride\" young adult fiction book series by James Patterson.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Maximum, known as Max for short, is the leader of the 'flock'.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ In the first book, she is 14.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She has brown hair and brown eyes.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She is 5'8\", a little over 90lbs with a wingspan of 13 feet.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ Her wings are tan with brown spots, and her primary feathers are streaked black and white.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ She strives to make the flock happy, and when they face challenges, she feels as if she has to protect them.", "List of Maximum Ride characters __knowledge__ They are all often viewed as her children, though Max sometimes forgets that she is not much older than the rest of them.", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ One Corpse Too Many is a medieval mystery novel set in the summer of 1138 by Ellis Peters.", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ It is the second novel in the Cadfael Chronicles, first published in 1979 (1979 in literature).", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ It was adapted for television in 1994 by Central for ITV.", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ In the Anarchy, King Stephen takes Shrewsbury Castle, punishing the rebels.", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ A murdered man is found among the dead rebels, a mystery for Brother Cadfael to solve, while two young men vie to be the Deputy Sheriff and vie for the lady's hand.", "One Corpse Too Many __knowledge__ When the novel was first published, the author was remarked for her knowledge of the historical era and ability to create it for the reader, yet \"she never lets the meticulously researched place-and-time interfere with the canny puzzle, the flesh-and-blood characterization, or the sharp tension.\"", "Film holder __knowledge__ A film holder is a device that holds one or more pieces of photographic film, for insertion into a camera or optical scanning device such as a dedicated film scanner or a flatbed scanner with film scanning capabilities.", "Film holder __knowledge__ The widest use of the term refers to a device that holds sheet film for use in large format cameras, but it can also refer to various interchangeable devices in medium format or even 135 film camera systems.", "Film holder __knowledge__ The most common instance of film holder is the sheet film holder.", "Film holder __knowledge__ Also referred to as a \"dark slide\" or \"double dark slide\", they are flat devices, slightly larger than the films they hold, which commonly hold one sheet of film on each side.", "Old French __knowledge__ Old French (', ', \"\"; Modern French ) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century.", "Old French __knowledge__ In the 14th century, these dialects came to be collectively known as the \"langue d'oïl\", contrasting with the \"langue d'oc\" or Occitan language in the south of France.", "Old French __knowledge__ The mid-14th century is taken as the transitional period to Middle French, the language of the French Renaissance, specifically based on the dialect of the Île-de-France region.", "Old French __knowledge__ The place and area where Old French was spoken natively roughly extended to the historical Kingdom of France and its vassals (including parts of the Angevin Empire, which during the 12th century remained under Anglo-Norman rule), and Burgundy, Lorraine and Savoy to the east (corresponding to modern north-central France, Belgian Wallonia, western Switzerland and northwestern Italy), but the influence of Old French was much wider, as it was carried to England, Sicily and the Crusader states as the language of a feudal elite and of commerce.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ Robert Blund was a Norman nobleman and Sheriff of Norfolk after the Norman Conquest of England.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ Blund was named in \"Domesday Book\" as the Sheriff of Norfolk, so he held that office sometime before 1086, when \"Domesday\" was compiled.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ Blund was also the lord of Ashfield in Suffolk, and is considered to have been the feudal baron of Ashfield.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ \"Domesday Book\" states that Blund inherited his lands in Suffolk from his brother, who was named Ralph.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ Blund's heir was his son Gilbert, who had inherited the fiefs by sometime in the reign of King Henry I of England.", "Robert Blund __knowledge__ Besides his son, Blund had at least two daughters, who were married to William of Audley and Robert de Albamara.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb.", "Penkridge __knowledge__ Penkridge ( ) is a market town and civil parish in Staffordshire, England, which since the 17th century has been an industrial and commercial centre for neighbouring villages and the agricultural produce of Cannock Chase.", "Penkridge __knowledge__ The wealthiest establishment in Penkridge in the Middle Ages, its collegiate church building survived the abolition of the chantries and is the tallest structure in the town centre.", "Penkridge __knowledge__ The parish is crossed towards its eastern border by the M6 motorway and a separate junction north of the M6 toll between the West Midlands and Stoke-on-Trent.", "Penkridge __knowledge__ Penkridge has a railway station on the West Coast Main Line railway next to the Grade I listed medieval church." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 38, 5, 5 ]

[ " blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment ", "color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish", "Interestingly,Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human. ", " \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", ", "blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"" ]

[ "Blond", "Blond", "Blond", "Blond", "Blond" ]

[ "SpongeBob SquarePants", "Yes, I love spongebob. What else do you like about it?", "Wow, that is incredible! Do you know when it first came out?", "Interesting. Who created the show?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ He began developing \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of \"Rocko's Modern Life\", and turned to Tom Kenny, who had worked with him on that series, to voice the title character.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called \"SpongeBoy Ahoy!", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ \", but both of these were changed, as the name was already trademarked.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1, 1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids' Choice Awards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ He began developing \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of \"Rocko's Modern Life\", and turned to Tom Kenny, who had worked with him on that series, to voice the title character.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called \"SpongeBoy Ahoy!", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ \", but both of these were changed, as the name was already trademarked.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1, 1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids' Choice Awards.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American live-action/animated comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The film was co-written, directed, and produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and features the series' cast of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence, while also starring Scarlett Johansson, Jeffrey Tambor, Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by Hillenburg's production company United Plankton Pictures along with Nickelodeon Movies.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It is the first film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (character) __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is a fictional character, the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (character) __knowledge__ He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny and first appeared on television in the series' pilot episode on May 1, 1999.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (character) __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg, who began developing the show shortly after the cancellation of \"Rocko's Modern Life\" in 1996.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (character) __knowledge__ Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sea sponge living in an underwater town.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (character) __knowledge__ Hillenburg compared the character's personality to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Stephen McDannell Hillenburg (born August21, 1961) is an American cartoonist, animator, writer, producer, director, and former marine biologist.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He is the creator of the television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" (1999), which he has also directed, produced, and written.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ It has gone on to become one of the longest-running American television series as well as the highest-rated show ever to air on Nickelodeon.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Born in Lawton, Oklahoma and raised in Anaheim, California, Hillenburg became fascinated with the ocean as a child and also developed an interest in art.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He started his professional career in 1984, instructing marine biology, at the Orange County Marine Institute, where he wrote \"The Intertidal Zone\", an informative comic book about tide-pool animals, which he used to educate his students.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ \"SpongeBob, You're Fired\" is a television special of the American animated television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ It serves as the 11th episode of the ninth season and the 189th overall episode.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ The animation directors were the supervising director, Alan Smart and Tom Yasumi, and was written by Marc Ceccarelli, Luke Brookshier, and Mr. Lawrence.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ Ceccarelli and Brookshier also served as storyboard directors.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ The episode originally aired in Greece on July 3, 2013.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ In the United States, it aired on Nickelodeon on November 11.", "SpongeBob, You're Fired __knowledge__ In this episode of the series, which follows the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom, SpongeBob gets fired from the Krusty Krab after Mr. Krabs discovers he can save a nickel by eliminating him.", "The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water __knowledge__ The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water is a 2015 American 3D live-action/animated comedy film inspired by the animated television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water __knowledge__ A stand-alone sequel to \"The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie\" (2004), it was directed by former series showrunner Paul Tibbitt in his directorial debut, with live-action sequences directed by Mike Mitchell.", "The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water __knowledge__ It was the first film to be produced by Paramount Animation and second film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series.", "The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water __knowledge__ The film stars Antonio Banderas and features the show's regular voice cast, who returned to reprise their respective roles from the series and the previous film.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Mrs.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Puff is a fictional character in the American animated television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" and both films based on the franchise.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ She is voiced by actress Mary Jo Catlett and debuted in the season one episode \"Boating School\" on August 7, 1999.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Mrs.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Puff was created and designed by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ He developed the character in response to a request from Nickelodeon that the show star a schoolteacher.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Hillenburg did not want to write SpongeBob as a school-age child, so Mrs.", "Mrs. Puff __knowledge__ Puff was introduced as his driving instructor rather than an elementary school educator.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American animated television sitcom \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg, aired from May 1, 1999 to April 8, 2000, and consists of 20 episodes.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 1) __knowledge__ The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 1) __knowledge__ The show features the voices of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Rodger Bumpass, Clancy Brown, Mr. Lawrence, Jill Talley, Carolyn Lawrence, Mary Jo Catlett, and Lori Alan.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 1) __knowledge__ Among the first guest stars to appear on the show were Ernest Borgnine and Tim Conway voicing the superhero characters of Mermaid Man and Barnacle Boy, respectively.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 9) __knowledge__ The ninth season of the American animated television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg, originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States from July 21, 2012 to February 20, 2017, and contained 26 episodes, beginning with the episode \"Extreme Spots\"/\"Squirrel Record\".", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 9) __knowledge__ The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 9) __knowledge__ The season was executive produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and writer Paul Tibbitt, who also acted as the showrunner for the first 15 episodes of the season.", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ Squidward Q. Tentacles is a fictional character voiced by actor Rodger Bumpass in the American animated comedy television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ Squidward was created and designed by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg.", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ He first appeared on television in the series' pilot episode \"Help Wanted\" on May 1, 1999.", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ Although his name has the word \"squid\" in it and he has six arms, Squidward is an anthropomorphic octopus.", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ He lives in a moai between SpongeBob SquarePants' and Patrick Star's houses.", "Squidward Tentacles __knowledge__ The character is portrayed as ill-tempered, manipulative, pretentious, cynical and incredibly hostile, and he strongly despises his neighbors for their constant annoying, noisy behavior." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ He began developing \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of \"Rocko's Modern Life\", and turned to Tom Kenny, who had worked with him on that series, to voice the title character.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called \"SpongeBoy Ahoy!", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ \", but both of these were changed, as the name was already trademarked.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1, 1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids' Choice Awards.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Stephen McDannell Hillenburg (born August21, 1961) is an American cartoonist, animator, writer, producer, director, and former marine biologist.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He is the creator of the television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" (1999), which he has also directed, produced, and written.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ It has gone on to become one of the longest-running American television series as well as the highest-rated show ever to air on Nickelodeon.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Born in Lawton, Oklahoma and raised in Anaheim, California, Hillenburg became fascinated with the ocean as a child and also developed an interest in art.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He started his professional career in 1984, instructing marine biology, at the Orange County Marine Institute, where he wrote \"The Intertidal Zone\", an informative comic book about tide-pool animals, which he used to educate his students.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ Star Wars is an American epic space opera media franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It depicts the adventures of various characters \"a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away\".", "Star Wars __knowledge__ The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film \"Star Wars\" (later subtitled \"Episode IV: A New Hope\" in 1981), which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It was followed by the successful sequels \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980) and \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983); these three films constitute the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans.", "List of highest-grossing films __knowledge__ Films generate income from several revenue streams, including theatrical exhibition, home video, television broadcast rights and merchandising.", "List of highest-grossing films __knowledge__ However, theatrical box office earnings are the primary metric for trade publications in assessing the success of a film, mostly because of the availability of the data compared to sales figures for home video and broadcast rights, but also because of historical practice.", "List of highest-grossing films __knowledge__ Included on the list are charts of the top box office earners (ranked by both the nominal and real value of their revenue), a chart of high-grossing films by calendar year, a timeline showing the transition of the highest-grossing film record, and a chart of the highest-grossing film franchises and series.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "Marvel Studios __knowledge__ Marvel Studios, LLC (originally known as Marvel Films from 1993 to 1996) is an American motion picture studio based at The Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California and is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, itself a wholly owned division of The Walt Disney Company, with film producer Kevin Feige serving as president.", "Marvel Studios __knowledge__ Previously, the studio was a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment until Disney reorganized the companies in August 2015.", "Marvel Studios __knowledge__ Dedicated to producing films based on Marvel Comics characters, the studio has been involved in three Marvel-character film franchises to have exceeded $1 billion in North American revenue: the \"X-Men\", \"Spider-Man\", and Marvel Cinematic Universe multi-film franchises.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American live-action/animated comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The film was co-written, directed, and produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and features the series' cast of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence, while also starring Scarlett Johansson, Jeffrey Tambor, Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by Hillenburg's production company United Plankton Pictures along with Nickelodeon Movies.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It is the first film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ He began developing \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of \"Rocko's Modern Life\", and turned to Tom Kenny, who had worked with him on that series, to voice the title character.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called \"SpongeBoy Ahoy!", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ \", but both of these were changed, as the name was already trademarked.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1, 1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids' Choice Awards.", "QI __knowledge__ QI (Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panelist Alan Davies.", "QI __knowledge__ Stephen Fry was host of the show from its initial pilot, before departing after the final episode of the M series in 2015, with frequent \"QI\" panelist Sandi Toksvig replacing him prior to the beginning of the N series in 2016.", "QI __knowledge__ The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panelists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given.", "QI __knowledge__ To compensate, the panelists are awarded points not only for the right answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether they are right or even relate to the original question, while points are deducted for \"answers which are not only wrong, but pathetically obvious\" – typically answers that are generally believed to be true but in fact are misconceptions.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ A mosaic is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ It is often used in decorative art or as interior decoration.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Most mosaics are made of small, flat, roughly square, pieces of stone or glass of different colors, known as \"tesserae\".", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Some, especially floor mosaics, are made of small rounded pieces of stone, and called \"pebble mosaics\".", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Mosaics have a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.", "Guiding Light (1970–79) __knowledge__ The Guiding Light (TGL) (known since 1975 as Guiding Light) was a long-running American television soap opera.", "Guiding Light (1970–79) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, unlike in the 1960s after Agnes Nixon left to begin writing for \"Another World\" in 1966, there was less of a revolving doors of head writers and story line seemed to stabilize in only two directions, first what was aired from January 1, 1970 to near the end of October 1975 and then what was aired from near the beginning of November 1975 to the end of the decade on December 31, 1979.", "Guiding Light (1970–79) __knowledge__ The first half of the decade was mainly dominated by the story lines that were written by the head writing married couple of Robert Soderberg and Edith Sommer who wrote for the show from near the end of 1969 to the spring of 1973 and were long time and reliable soap scribes.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 European long distance path or E11 path is one of the European long-distance paths, running 2560 km (about 1600 miles) west-east from The Hague in the Netherlands through Germany and Poland to the Lithuanian border.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ It starts in Scheveningen, a fishing community, commercial harbor and spa in The Hague on the Dutch coast of the North Sea.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ As there are no rambling organizations from Lithuania, Latvia or Russia participating in the European Ramblers' Association, it is unlikely that the E11 will be extended to reach Saint Petersburg or Moscow, as was foreseen originally.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 is one of three European long distance paths running East from the Benelux to Eastern Poland.", "Nickelodeon Colombia Kids' Choice Awards __knowledge__ The Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards Colombia is the Colombian edition of Nickelodeon's Kids Choice Awards, held in Bogota.", "Nickelodeon Colombia Kids' Choice Awards __knowledge__ In 2013, Nickelodeon launched a new category in the Kids Choice Awards Mexico which are primarily in Latin America, according to this, if the categories exceeded vows (which had estimated them) Kids Choice Awards will be held in Colombia, this because the good grades that Colombia was in the years 2012-2013; also thanks to the Colombian series broadcast on Nickelodeon, Chica Vampiro, joined two categories Personality of the Year (Colombian) and Best Musical Artist (Colombian).", "ICarly __knowledge__ iCarly is an American teen sitcom created by Dan Schneider that ran on Nickelodeon from September 8, 2007 until November 23, 2012.", "ICarly __knowledge__ The series focuses on Carly Shay, a teenager who creates her own web show called \"iCarly\" with her best friends Sam Puckett and Freddie Benson.", "ICarly __knowledge__ During the first five seasons, the show was taped at Nickelodeon on Sunset before relocating to KTLA Studios in Hollywood for the sixth and seventh seasons.", "ICarly __knowledge__ It was nominated for an Emmy award for Outstanding Children's Program five times.", "ICarly __knowledge__ The series finale, \"iGoodbye\", aired on November 23, 2012.", "ICarly __knowledge__ \"iCarly \" is the fourth series created by Dan Schneider for Nickelodeon.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars has received various awards and nominations throughout his career.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He is the recipient of eight American Music Awards, a BT Digital Music Award, three Brit Awards, an Echo Award, a JUNO Award, eleven Grammy Awards, three Guinness World Records and eight Soul Train Music Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He has also been nominated for two ALMA Awards, three ARIA Music Awards, two MOBO Awards, nine Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards and four Pollstar Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars initially came to prominence as an acknowledged music producer and lyricist, who composed songs for other artists along with his production team The Smeezingtons.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ Nickelodeon is a 24-hour children's channel that broadcasts in Southeast Asia.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ It also used to broadcast in New Zealand until that country got its own channel.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ The programs are in English.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ The channel was launched in the Philippines on 5 November 1998 as a 24-hour English-language channel.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ Then, the network expanded into Indonesia, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka via pan-regional feed broadcast from Singapore since 1999.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ In January 2000, the channel began broadcasting in New Zealand, which lasted there until August 2006, when an independent feed of the channel was launched.", "Nickelodeon (Southeast Asia) __knowledge__ Nickelodeon began transmissions in Singapore on 9 March 2001 via Starhub TV and via SingTel since 15 March 2013.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction are an English-Irish boy band consisting of members Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ In addition, Zayn Malik was a member until his departure from the band, announced on 25 March 2015.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ One Direction have released five hit albums, \"Up All Night\" (2011), \"Take Me Home\" (2012), \"Midnight Memories\" (2013), \"Four\" (2014), and \"Made in the A.M.\" (2015).", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The band has won numerous awards, among them six Billboard Music Awards, seven Brit Awards, seven American Music Awards and 28 Teen Choice Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by One Direction __knowledge__ The Music Video Honours is an Annual music awards show by 4Music, a music and entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and available on some digital television providers in the Republic of Ireland.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ Guy Theodore Sebastian (born 26 October 1981) is an Australian singer-songwriter.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ He was the first winner of \"Australian Idol\" in 2003, and has been a judge on Australia's \"The X Factor\".", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ He represented Australia at the 2015 Eurovision Song Contest, finishing in 5th place.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ Sebastian has released nine top ten albums, including two number ones.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ The first seven all gained either platinum or multi-platinum certification.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ He has also achieved twenty one top twenty singles, with twelve reaching the top ten, including six number ones.", "Guy Sebastian __knowledge__ He is the only Australian male artist in Australian chart history to achieve six number one singles, and places third overall for all Australian acts." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 9, 7 ]

[ "spongebob square pants is an american animated tv series. it was created by marine biologist and animator stephen hillenburg for nickoledeon. are you a fan?", "patrick. also as of late 2017 its generated 13 BILLION in merchandising revenue for nickelodeon. it is widely popular", "well a preview of it was held in 1999 after the 1999 kids choice awards so either that year or the year after.", "stephen hillenburg. the show was orignally going to be named spongeboy and the series called spongeboy ahoy. i think its kind of cute" ]

[ "SpongeBob SquarePants", "SpongeBob SquarePants", "SpongeBob SquarePants", "SpongeBob SquarePants" ]

[ "Heavy metal music\nHeavy metal music is one of my favorite genres.", "I prefer the American side, such as Rage Against the Machine. ", "Do you like Korn?", "Really? That must have been an awesome show!", "I really like the Red Hot Chili Peppers, they're the best concert I've ever seen." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans of heavy metal music have created their own subculture which encompasses more than just appreciation of the style of music.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans affirm their membership in the subculture or scene by attending metal concerts–an activity seen as central to the subculture, buying albums, in some cases growing their hair long, wearing leather jackets and t-shirts with band names and logos and most recently, by contributing to metal websites.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Metal fans may also write or take photos for metal zines.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Some critics and musicians have suggested that the subculture is largely intolerant to other musical genres.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ The metal scene, like the rock scene in general, is associated with alcohol, tobacco and drug use as well as riding motorcycles and having a lot of tattoos.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Australian heavy metal music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Since the mid-1980s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly Swedish death metal, American thrash metal and black metal from Norway.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Within Australia heavy metal has always remained part of the underground but since the mid-1990s many Australian metal acts have found widespread acceptance in overseas markets, particularly in Europe.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ AC/DC is often cited as being Australia's foremost hard rock band." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ Rage Against the Machine is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ Formed in 1991, the group consists of vocalist Zack de la Rocha, bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford, guitarist Tom Morello, and drummer Brad Wilk.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ Rage Against the Machine is well known for the members' revolutionary political views, which are expressed in many of the band's songs.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ As of 2010, they had sold over 16 million records worldwide.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ In 1992, the band released its self-titled debut album, which became a commercial and critical success, leading to a slot in the 1993 Lollapalooza festival.", "Rage Against the Machine __knowledge__ In 2003, the album was ranked number 368 on \"Rolling Stone\"s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ Thomas Baptiste Morello (born May 30, 1964) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, actor and political activist.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ He is best known for his tenure with the band Rage Against the Machine and then with Audioslave.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ As of 2016, Morello is a member of the supergroup Prophets of Rage.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ Morello was also a touring musician with Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ He is also known for his acoustic solo act, the Nightwatchman, and Street Sweeper Social Club.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ Morello also co-founded Axis of Justice, which airs a monthly program on Pacifica Radio station KPFK (90.7 FM) in Los Angeles.", "Tom Morello __knowledge__ Born in Harlem, New York and raised in Libertyville, Illinois, Morello became interested in music and politics while in high school.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Audioslave was an American rock supergroup formed in Los Angeles in 2001.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ The four-piece band consisted of Soundgarden lead singer/rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell and Rage Against the Machine members Tom Morello (lead guitar), Tim Commerford (bass/backing vocals), and Brad Wilk (drums).", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Critics first described Audioslave as a combination of Soundgarden and Rage Against the Machine, but by the band's second album, \"Out of Exile\", it was noted that they had established a separate identity.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Audioslave's sound was created by blending 1970s hard rock with 1990s alternative rock.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Moreover, Morello incorporated his well-known, unconventional guitar solos into the mix.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ Niagara Falls () is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ They form the southern end of the Niagara Gorge.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The Horseshoe Falls lies on the border of the United States and Canada with the American Falls entirely on the United States' side, separated by Goat Island.", "Niagara Falls __knowledge__ The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also on the United States' side, separated from the other waterfalls by Luna Island.", "Tim Commerford __knowledge__ Timothy Robert Commerford (born February 26, 1968) is an American musician, best known as the bassist and backing vocalist for the American rap metal band Rage Against the Machine (1991–2000; 2007–2011), supergroups Audioslave (2001–2007) and Prophets of Rage (2016–present).", "Tim Commerford __knowledge__ Since 2013 and 2015, he has also been the lead singer and bassist of the bands Future User and WAKRAT.", "Tim Commerford __knowledge__ He was ranked eighth on \"Paste\" magazine's list of \"20 Underrated Bass Guitarists\" in 2014.", "Tim Commerford __knowledge__ Timothy Robert Commerford was born on February 26, 1968 in Irvine, California, the youngest of five children.", "Tim Commerford __knowledge__ His father, an aerospace engineer, worked on the Space Shuttle, and his mother was a teacher/mathematician.", "Bombing of Naco __knowledge__ The Bombing of Naco was an international incident which occurred in the border town of Naco, Arizona, during the 1929 Escobar Rebellion.", "Bombing of Naco __knowledge__ While rebel forces were battling Mexican 'Federales' for control of the neighboring town of Naco, Sonora, the Irish mercenary and pilot Patrick Murphy was hired to bombard the government forces with improvised explosives dropped from his biplane.", "Bombing of Naco __knowledge__ During the ensuing fighting, Murphy mistakenly dropped bombs on the American side of the international border on three occasions, causing significant damage to both private and government-owned property, as well slight injuries to several American spectators watching the battle from across the border.", "Detroit River __knowledge__ The Detroit River flows for from Lake St. Clair to Lake Erie as a strait in the Great Lakes system and forms part of the border between Canada and the United States.", "Detroit River __knowledge__ The river divides the metropolitan areas of Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario - an area referred to as Detroit–Windsor.", "Detroit River __knowledge__ The two cities are connected by the Ambassador Bridge, the Detroit–Windsor Tunnel and the Michigan Central Railway Tunnel.", "Detroit River __knowledge__ The river's name comes from the French \"Rivière du Détroit\", meaning \"River of the Strait\".", "Detroit River __knowledge__ The Detroit River has served an important role in the history of Detroit and is one of the busiest waterways in the world.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Australian heavy metal music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Since the mid-1980s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly Swedish death metal, American thrash metal and black metal from Norway.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Within Australia heavy metal has always remained part of the underground but since the mid-1990s many Australian metal acts have found widespread acceptance in overseas markets, particularly in Europe.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ AC/DC is often cited as being Australia's foremost hard rock band.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ The new wave of British heavy metal (commonly abbreviated as NWOBHM) was a nationwide musical movement that started in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and achieved international attention by the early 1980s.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Journalist Geoff Barton coined the term in a May 1979 issue of the British music newspaper \"Sounds\" to describe the emergence of new heavy metal bands in the late 1970s, during the period of punk rock's decline and the dominance of new wave music.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Although encompassing diverse mainstream and underground styles, the music of the NWOBHM is best remembered for drawing on the heavy metal of the 1970s and infusing it with the intensity of punk rock to produce fast and aggressive songs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Brian Welch __knowledge__ Brian Philip Welch (born June 19, 1970), better known by the stage name Head, is an American musician, singer and songwriter best known as one of the guitarists and co-founder of the nu metal band Korn and his solo project Love and Death.", "Brian Welch __knowledge__ Along with fellow Korn guitarist James \"Munky\" Shaffer, Welch helped develop Korn's distinctive sound, a mix of sirenlike shards of dissonant guitar that mimicked a turntablist's various effects and rumbling down-tuned riffing, that defined the nu metal aesthetic beginning in the mid-'90s.", "Brian Welch __knowledge__ After becoming a born again Christian, Welch left the band in 2005 to focus on life as a father and to pursue his own solo career.", "Korn __knowledge__ Korn (stylized as KoЯn) is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, formed in 1993.", "Korn __knowledge__ The band's current lineup includes founding members James \"Munky\" Shaffer (rhythm guitar), Reginald \"Fieldy\" Arvizu (bass), Brian \"Head\" Welch (lead guitar, backing vocals), and Jonathan Davis (lead vocals, bagpipes), with the addition of Ray Luzier (drums), who replaced the band's original member, David Silveria in 2007.", "Korn __knowledge__ Korn was formed by three of the members of the band L.A.P.D.", "Korn __knowledge__ Korn made a demo tape, \"Neidermayer's Mind\", in 1993, which was distributed free to record companies and on request to members of the public.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ \"Blind\" is a song recorded and performed by American nu metal band Korn for their self-titled debut album.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ It was released as the album's first single in August 1994.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ \"Blind\" had been written in Sexart before Jonathan Davis left the band to join Korn.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ The song was composed entirely by Dennis Shinn - being both music, and vocal melodies / lyrics, in December 1992.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ Once Shinn had the song ready, he introduced the song to the other guys at band practice.", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ From that point, Ryan Shuck added in one music section (acting as a bridge).", "Blind (Korn song) __knowledge__ Shuck's bridge contribution followed the extremely popular song opening riff composed by Dennis Shinn.", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ Life Is Peachy is the second studio album by the American nu metal band Korn, released on October 15, 1996 through both Immortal Records and Epic Records.", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ After the release of Korn's 1994 self-titled debut album, the band asked Ross Robinson to produce and went back to Indigo Ranch to record.", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ \"Life Is Peachy\" has fourteen tracks, excluding the hidden track after \"Kill You\".", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ Korn released three singles from \"Life Is Peachy\": \"No Place to Hide\", \"A.D.I.D.A.S.", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ \", and \"Good God\".", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ All three singles went on the UK Singles Chart.", "Life Is Peachy __knowledge__ \"Life Is Peachy\" features such themes as drugs, social encounters, sex, and revenge.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ Korn Ferry International, is an executive search and recruiting firm headquartered in Los Angeles.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ The firm was founded in 1969 by Lester Korn and Richard Ferry.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ The two first met in 1962, when they worked for Los Angeles accounting firm—Peat, Marwick, Mitchell.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ Before leaving to form Korn Ferry, the two made partner at the firm.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ In 1972 the firm went public with an IPO and within two years (1974) had acquired all outstanding shares to become private again.", "Korn Ferry __knowledge__ In the 1970s Korn Ferry expanded internationally by a combination of acquiring small to medium-sized enterprises and setting up subsidiaries of Korn Ferry International.", "Korn III: Remember Who You Are __knowledge__ Korn III: Remember Who You Are is the ninth studio album by the American nu metal band Korn, released on July 13, 2010.", "Korn III: Remember Who You Are __knowledge__ Unlike Korn's following albums, the album was recorded as a four-piece band and using no Pro Tools or editing.", "Korn III: Remember Who You Are __knowledge__ Vocalist Jonathan Davis stated that the album is \"simple\" due to the absence of the multi-layered effect present in the band's other albums; Davis added that, the album is \"about the vibe.\"", "Korn III: Remember Who You Are __knowledge__ The album features a return to their roots.", "Korn III: Remember Who You Are __knowledge__ The band hired producer Ross Robinson, who had produced Korn's first two albums, while drummer Ray Luzier was appointed a permanent member of the band (Luzier was formerly a \"fill-in\" drummer).", "Music of California __knowledge__ In the United States, California is commonly associated with the film, music, and arts industries; there are numerous world-famous Californian musicians.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Hardcore punk, hip hop, country, and heavy metal have all appeared in California.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Furthermore, new genres of music, such as surf rock and third wave ska, have their origins in California.", "Music of California __knowledge__ The official state song of California is \"I Love You, California\", written by F. B. Silverwood and composed by Alfred F. Frankenstein of the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra.", "Music of California __knowledge__ It was designated the state song in 1951.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Other songs, including \"California, Here I Come\", have also been candidates for additional state songs since 1951, but in 1988 the official standing of \"I Love You, California\" was confirmed.", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ Poison is an American rock band that achieved great commercial success in the mid-1980s through the mid-1990s.", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ Poison have sold over 45 million records worldwide and has sold 15 million records in the United States alone.", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ The band has also charted ten singles to the Top 40 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, including six Top 10 singles and the Hot 100 number-one, \"Every Rose Has Its Thorn\".", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ The band's breakthrough debut album, the multi-platinum \"Look What the Cat Dragged In\", was released in 1986 and they hit their peak with the second album, \"Open Up and Say...", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ Ahh!", "Poison (American band) __knowledge__ \", which became the band's most successful album, being certified 5x platinum in the US.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world.", "Warped Tour __knowledge__ The Warped Tour is a traveling Rock festival that has toured the United States (including 3 or 4 stops in Canada) annually each summer since 1995.", "Warped Tour __knowledge__ It is the largest traveling music festival in the United States, and is the longest-running touring music festival in North America.", "Warped Tour __knowledge__ The first Warped Tour took place in 1995, and the skateboard shoe manufacturer Vans became the main sponsor of the tour starting with the second tour in 1996, when it became known as the Vans Warped Tour.", "Warped Tour __knowledge__ Although Vans has continued to be the main sponsor and lend its name to the festival, other sponsors have also participated, with stages or other aspects of the festival sometimes being named after them.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Glam metal __knowledge__ Glam metal (also known as hair metal and often used synonymously with pop metal) is a subgenre of heavy metal which features pop-influenced hooks and guitar riffs, and borrows from the fashion of 1970s glam rock.", "Glam metal __knowledge__ Glam metal can be traced back to music acts like Alice Cooper, Cheap Trick, Kiss, The New York Dolls, and Van Halen.", "Glam metal __knowledge__ It arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States, particularly on the Los Angeles Sunset Strip music scene, pioneered by bands such as Mötley Crüe, Ratt, Quiet Riot, Stryper, Def Leppard, Bon Jovi, and Dokken.", "Glam metal __knowledge__ It was popular throughout the 1980s (particularly between 1986 and 1989) and the beginning of the 1990s, bringing to prominence bands including Poison, Skid Row, Cinderella, and Warrant." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ is an American sketch comedy series created by and starring Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim, which premiered February 11, 2007 on Adult Swim and ran until May 2010.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ The show features surreal and often satirical humor (at points anti-humor and cringe comedy), public-access television-style musical acts, bizarre faux-commercials with a unique editing and special effects style by Doug Lussenhop to make the show appear camp.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ The program featured a wide range of actors like Will Ferrell, John C. Reilly, Jeff Goldblum, Zach Galifianakis, Will Forte, Patton Oswalt, Bob Odenkirk, David Cross, Fred Willard, Rainn Wilson, Fred Armisen, Paul Rudd, and Ben Stiller, alternative comedians like Neil Hamburger, former television stars like Alan Thicke, porn stars, celebrity look-alikes, impressionists, and amateur actors found through Craigslist.", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ Tim & Eric, born as both Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim, are an American comedy duo and creators of the Adult Swim television series \"Tom Goes to the Mayor\"; \"Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ \"; \"Check It Out!", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ with Dr. Steve Brule\"; and \"Tim & Eric's Bedtime Stories\".", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ Heidecker was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania.", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ He attended Allentown Central Catholic High School and Temple University.", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ Wareheim was born in Philadelphia; he graduated from Methacton High School in Norristown, Pennsylvania.", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ Wareheim and Heidecker met in 1994 at Temple University in Philadelphia, becoming instant friends.", "Tim & Eric __knowledge__ Wareheim produced his first film about dads, shot on the Jersey shore.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ Eric Alexander Wareheim (; born April 7, 1976) is an American actor, comedian, writer, director, and musician.", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ He is one half of the comedy duo Tim & Eric, alongside Tim Heidecker.", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ They created the television shows \"Tom Goes to the Mayor\", \"Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ \", \"Check It Out!", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ with Dr. Steve Brule\", and \"Tim and Eric's Bedtime Stories\".", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ He has a recurring role on the Netflix series \"Master of None\".", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ Wareheim was born in Audubon, Pennsylvania.", "Eric Wareheim __knowledge__ He graduated from Methacton High School in Norristown, Pennsylvania and then later attended Temple University, where he met his comedy partner Tim Heidecker and produced his first film about dads, shot on the Jersey shore.", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ Timothy Richard Heidecker (; born February 3, 1976) is an American comedian, writer, director, actor, and musician.", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ He is best known as one half of the comedy duo Tim & Eric, along with Eric Wareheim.", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ They are noted for creating the television shows \"Tom Goes to the Mayor\", \"Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ \", and \"Tim & Eric's Bedtime Stories\".", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ Heidecker has also acted in several films, including \"Bridesmaids\" (2011), \"Tim and Eric's Billion Dollar Movie\", and \"The Comedy\" (both 2012); he received critical acclaim for the latter.", "Tim Heidecker __knowledge__ He currently co-hosts the parodic film review web series \"On Cinema\" and stars in the comedy series \"Decker\", both alongside Gregg Turkington.", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ Richard Dunn (September 29, 1936 – June 4, 2010) was an American character actor popularized by Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim.", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ Dunn was best known to audiences for his appearances on \"Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ \", a sketch comedy television series.", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ Dunn, who was known for his glasses, listed his physical features as 5-foot-10 tall and 125 pounds on his resume.", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ Dunn portrayed many different characters (often bizarre versions of himself) in many episodes of \"Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!\"", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ from 2007 until 2010.", "Richard Dunn (actor) __knowledge__ In addition, Dunn had small roles in \"House\", \"Parks and Recreation\", \"Weeds\" and \"Nip/Tuck\".", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "History of California __knowledge__ The history of California can be divided into: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1848; and United States statehood, which continues to this present day.", "History of California __knowledge__ California was settled from the North by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years.", "History of California __knowledge__ It was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America.", "History of California __knowledge__ After contact with Spanish explorers, most of the Native Americans died out from European diseases.", "History of California __knowledge__ After the Portolá expedition of 1769–70, Spanish missionaries began setting up 21 California Missions on or near the coast of Alta (Upper) California, beginning in San Diego.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The thunderstorm season for the Northern Hemisphere began near spring, beginning on March 1, and ending on August 31.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ Fresh overnight snowfall on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day caused disruption in north east England, with roads across Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and Teesside affected.", "California Golden Bears football __knowledge__ The California Golden Bears football team is the college football team of the University of California, Berkeley.", "California Golden Bears football __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium.", "California Golden Bears football __knowledge__ Memorial Stadium was built to honor Berkeley alumni, students, and other Californians who died in World War I and modeled after the Colosseum in Rome.", "California Golden Bears football __knowledge__ Memorial Stadium was named one of the 40 best college football stadiums by the \"Sporting News\".", "California Golden Bears football __knowledge__ The team also has produced two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy \"Wrong Way\" Riegels' fumble recovery and run toward the California goal line in the 1929 Rose Bowl, and The Play in the 1982 Big Game with the last play five lateral winning kickoff return.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (; 8 May 1938 – 10 March 2012) was a French artist, cartoonist and writer who worked in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Giraud garnered worldwide acclaim predominantly under the pseudonym Mœbius (; ) and to a lesser extent Gir (), which he used for the \"Blueberry\" series and his Western themed paintings.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Esteemed by Federico Fellini, Stan Lee and Hayao Miyazaki among others, he has been described as the most influential artist after Hergé.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ His most famous works include the series \"Blueberry\", created with writer Jean-Michel Charlier, featuring one of the first anti-heroes in Western comics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Flea (musician) __knowledge__ Michael Peter Balzary (born 16 October 1962), better known by his stage name Flea, is an Australian-American musician and actor best known as bassist and founding member of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.", "Flea (musician) __knowledge__ Flea briefly appeared as the bassist for such bands as What Is This?, Fear, and Jane's Addiction.", "Flea (musician) __knowledge__ He has also performed with rock supergroups Atoms for Peace, Antemasque, Pigface, and Rocket Juice & the Moon.", "Flea (musician) __knowledge__ Flea has also collaborated with artists including The Mars Volta, Johnny Cash, Tom Waits, Alanis Morissette, and Young MC.", "Flea (musician) __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Rolling Stone\" readers ranked Flea the second best bassist of all time, behind only John Entwistle.", "Anthony Kiedis __knowledge__ Anthony Kiedis ( ; born November 1, 1962) is an American musician who is the lead singer and primary songwriter of the band Red Hot Chili Peppers, which he has fronted since its inception in 1983.", "Anthony Kiedis __knowledge__ Kiedis and his fellow band members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012.", "Anthony Kiedis __knowledge__ Kiedis was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Margaret \"Peggy\" (Noble) and actor John Michael Kiedis, known professionally as Blackie Dammett.", "Anthony Kiedis __knowledge__ His paternal grandfather's family emigrated from Lithuania in the early 1900s; the remainder of his ancestry includes English, French, Dutch, and Mohican.", "Anthony Kiedis __knowledge__ In 1966, when he was three years old, his parents divorced.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ John Anthony Frusciante (; born March 5, 1970) is an American guitarist, singer, producer and composer.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He is best known as the former guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers, from 1988 until 1992, and again from 1998 until 2009.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He recorded five studio albums with them.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ Frusciante has an active solo career, having released eleven solo albums and five EPs; his recordings include elements ranging from experimental rock and ambient music to new wave and electronica.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ In 2015, Frusciante released his debut acid house album under his alias, Trickfinger.", "John Frusciante __knowledge__ He has also recorded with numerous other artists, including the Mars Volta, for whom he was a studio guitarist (and occasional live performer) from 2002 until 2008; Josh Klinghoffer and Joe Lally, with whom he released two albums as Ataxia; and various collaborations with both Klinghoffer and Omar Rodríguez-López.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers is an alternative rock band formed in 1983 in Los Angeles, California.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers have received a total of nineteen awards and 65 nominations world-wide throughout their career.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ These include a total six Grammy Award wins out of sixteen nominations.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ 2006's Stadium Arcadium was the band's first album nominated for the Album of the Year Grammy award.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers have also received 28 nominations for MTV Music Video Awards, including Video of the Year, for the song \"Under the Bridge\" and in 2000, the Video Vanguard Award.", "List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers and many of their works have had great critical acclaim.", "By the Way __knowledge__ By the Way is the eighth studio album by American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.", "By the Way __knowledge__ The album was released July 9, 2002 on Warner Bros. Records.", "By the Way __knowledge__ It sold more than 286,000 copies in the first week, and peaked at number two on the \"Billboard\" 200 (their next album would peak at number one).", "By the Way __knowledge__ Singles from the album included \"By the Way,\" \"The Zephyr Song,\" \"Can't Stop,\" \"Dosed\" and \"Universally Speaking.\"", "By the Way __knowledge__ The lyrical subject matter vocalist Anthony Kiedis addresses in \"By the Way\" is a divergence from previous Chili Peppers albums, with Kiedis taking a more candid and reflective approach to his lyrics.", "Hillel Slovak __knowledge__ Hillel Slovak (; April 13, 1962 – June 25, 1988) was an Israeli American musician best known as the original guitarist and founding member of the Los Angeles rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.", "Hillel Slovak __knowledge__ Prior to his death of a heroin overdose in 1988, Slovak recorded two albums with the band, \"Freaky Styley\" (1985) and \"The Uplift Mofo Party Plan\" (1987).", "Hillel Slovak __knowledge__ His guitar work was primarily rooted in funk and hard rock, although he often experimented with other genres including reggae and speed metal.", "Hillel Slovak __knowledge__ He is considered to have been a major influence on the Red Hot Chili Peppers' early sound.", "Hillel Slovak __knowledge__ Born in Haifa, Israel, Slovak immigrated with his family to the United States in 1967 when he was five years old.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ Garage rock (sometimes called 60s punk or garage punk) is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that flourished in the mid-1960s, most notably in the United States and Canada.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The style is characterized by basic chord structures played on electric guitars and other instruments, sometimes distorted through a fuzzbox, as well as often unsophisticated and occasionally aggressive lyrics and delivery.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The term \"garage rock\" derives from the perception that groups were often made up of young amateurs who rehearsed in the family garage, although many were professional.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ In the US and Canada, surf rock—and later the Beatles and other beat groups of the British Invasion—motivated thousands of young people to form bands between 1963 and 1968.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of the punk subculture involves the history of punk rock, the history of various punk ideologies, punk fashion, punk visual art, punk literature, dance, and punk film.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Since emerging in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia in the mid-1970s, the punk subculture has spread around the globe and evolved into a number of different forms.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of punk plays an important part in the history of subcultures in the 20th century.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Several precursors to the punk subculture had varying degrees of influence on that culture.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ A number of philosophical and artistic movements were influences on and precursors to the punk movement.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, fashion, and other forms of expression, visual art, dance, literature and film.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It is largely characterised by anti-establishment views and the promotion of individual freedom, and is centred on a loud, aggressive genre of rock music called punk rock.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It's adherents are referred to as \"punks\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk politics cover the entire political spectrum.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Common punk ethos includes anti-authoritarianism, a do-it-yourself ethic, non-conformity, direct action and not \"selling out\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ There is a wide range of punk fashion, including deliberately offensive T-shirts, leather jackets, Dr. Martens boots, etc., hairstyles such as brightly coloured hair and spiked mohawks, etc., cosmetics, tattoos, jewellery and body modification.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ Brisbane punk rock had its main impact between 1975 and 1984 as part of the overall punk rock scene in Australia.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, the Queensland capital provided \"some of the most anarchistic bands\" of that era whilst it was \"arguably the most conservative city\" in the country.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The development of the local punk movement differed from other cities because of its relative geographic isolation from other similar trends.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The Brisbane scene also received a greater scrutiny by local police where early punk bands formed as \"an obvious backlash to an oppressed society\"." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 14, 6, 10 ]

[ "Heavy metal music started in the U.K. in the 1960s.", "I am more into the 80's, Poison is one of my favorite bands, that came out in the 1980s!", "I do. I saw them in California in 1993, when they were just starting out.", "It was, I especially enjoyed a Motorhead concert which started the punk rock movement.", "Have you ever gone to an underground scene where it was more aggressive at the concerts? " ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music" ]

[ "Volcano\nI find volcanoes fascinating!", "It's weird how that all works. What causes a volcano to erupt?", "That's all really interesting! I hear that they're formed because of the plates colliding with each other. Is that right?", "I'd love to go and see a volcano in person! Any suggestions on which ones are safe to visit?", "I wonder what the largest volcano is?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volcano __knowledge__ A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.", "Volcano __knowledge__ For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.", "Volcano __knowledge__ This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of \"plate hypothesis\" volcanism.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes.", "Volcano __knowledge__ These so-called \"hotspots\", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ In a horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and plate movements.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ It has 452 volcanoes (more than 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes).", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to the northern Atlantic Ocean via the Himalayas and southern Europe.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ A shield volcano is a type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ They are named for their low profile, resembling a warrior's shield lying on the ground.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ This is caused by the highly fluid (low viscosity) lava they erupt which travels farther than lava erupted from stratovolcanoes.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ This results in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ The shape of shield volcanoes is due to the low viscosity of their mafic lava.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ Shield volcanoes are built by effusive eruptions, which flow out in all directions to create a shield like that of a warrior.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Hawaii hotspot __knowledge__ The Hawaii hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands, in the northern Pacific Ocean.", "Hawaii hotspot __knowledge__ One of the most well-known and heavily studied hotspots in the world, the Hawaii plume is responsible for the creation of the Hawaiian – Emperor seamount chain, a chain of volcanoes over 5,800 kilometres (3,600 mi) long.", "Hawaii hotspot __knowledge__ Four of these volcanoes are active, two are dormant, and more than 123 are extinct, many having since been ground beneath the waves by erosion as seamounts and atolls.", "Hawaii hotspot __knowledge__ The chain extends from south of the island of Hawaii to the edge of the Aleutian Trench, near the eastern edge of Russia.", "Cascade Volcanoes __knowledge__ The Cascade Volcanoes (also known as the Cascade Volcanic Arc or the Cascade Arc) are a number of volcanoes in a volcanic arc in western North America, extending from southwestern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California, a distance of well over .", "Cascade Volcanoes __knowledge__ The arc has formed due to subduction along the Cascadia subduction zone.", "Cascade Volcanoes __knowledge__ Although taking its name from the Cascade Range, this term is a geologic grouping rather than a geographic one, and the Cascade Volcanoes extend north into the Coast Mountains, past the Fraser River which is the northward limit of the Cascade Range proper.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Volcanic activity, or volcanism, has played a significant role in the geologic evolution of Mars.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Scientists have known since the Mariner 9 mission in 1972 that volcanic features cover large portions of the Martian surface.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ These features include extensive lava flows, vast lava plains, and the largest known volcanoes in the Solar System.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Martian volcanic features range in age from Noachian (>3.7 billion years) to late Amazonian (< 500 million years), indicating that the planet has been volcanically active throughout its history, and some speculate it probably still is so today.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Both Earth and Mars are large, differentiated planets built from similar chondritic materials." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volcano __knowledge__ A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.", "Volcano __knowledge__ For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.", "Volcano __knowledge__ This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of \"plate hypothesis\" volcanism.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes.", "Volcano __knowledge__ These so-called \"hotspots\", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ Newberry Volcano (also known as Newberry Caldera) is a large active shield-shaped stratovolcano located east of the major crest of the Cascade Range and about south of Bend, Oregon, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ The largest volcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, it has roughly the same area as the state of Rhode Island at when its lava flows are taken into account.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ From its northernmost to southernmost point, the volcano is in length, with a width of and a total volume of approximately .", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ It was named for the geologist and surgeon John Strong Newberry, who explored central Oregon for the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855, and the area surrounding the volcano has been inhabited by Native American populations for more than 10,000 years.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Volcanic activity, or volcanism, has played a significant role in the geologic evolution of Mars.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Scientists have known since the Mariner 9 mission in 1972 that volcanic features cover large portions of the Martian surface.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ These features include extensive lava flows, vast lava plains, and the largest known volcanoes in the Solar System.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Martian volcanic features range in age from Noachian (>3.7 billion years) to late Amazonian (< 500 million years), indicating that the planet has been volcanically active throughout its history, and some speculate it probably still is so today.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Both Earth and Mars are large, differentiated planets built from similar chondritic materials.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Lassen Peak, commonly referred to as Mount Lassen, is the southernmost active volcano in the Cascade Range of the Western United States.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Located in the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California, it is part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which stretches from southwestern British Columbia to northern California.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ Lassen Peak reaches an elevation of , standing above the northern Sacramento Valley.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ It supports many flora and fauna among its diverse habitats, which are subject to frequent snowfall and reach high elevations.", "Lassen Peak __knowledge__ A lava dome, Lassen Peak has a volume of making it one of the largest lava domes on Earth.", "Mount Bachelor __knowledge__ Mount Bachelor, formerly named Bachelor Butte, is a stratovolcano atop a shield volcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the Cascade Range of central Oregon.", "Mount Bachelor __knowledge__ Named Mount Bachelor because it \"stands apart\" from the nearby Three Sisters, it lies in the eastern segment of the central portion of the High Cascades, the eastern segment of the Cascade Range.", "Mount Bachelor __knowledge__ The volcano lies at the northern end of the long Mount Bachelor Volcanic Chain, which underwent four major eruptive episodes during the Pleistocene and the Holocene.", "Mount Bachelor __knowledge__ Mount Bachelor is considered a moderate threat, but it poses little threat of becoming an active volcano in the near future.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ In a horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and plate movements.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ It has 452 volcanoes (more than 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes).", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.", "Ring of Fire __knowledge__ The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to the northern Atlantic Ocean via the Himalayas and southern Europe.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ In late October 2010, Mount Merapi in Central Java, Indonesia began an increasingly violent series of eruptions that continued into November.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ Seismic activity around the volcano increased from mid-September onwards, culminating in repeated outbursts of lava and ashes.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ Large eruption columns formed, causing numerous pyroclastic flows down the heavily populated slopes of the volcano.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ Merapi's eruption was said by authorities to be the largest since the 1870s.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ Over 350,000 people were evacuated from the affected area.", "2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi __knowledge__ However, many remained behind or returned to their homes while the eruptions were continuing.", "Lava __knowledge__ Lava is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption, usually at temperatures from .", "Lava __knowledge__ The resulting structures after solidification and cooling are also sometimes described as \"lava\".", "Lava __knowledge__ The molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites, though such material located below the crust is referred to by other terms.", "Lava __knowledge__ A lava flow is a moving outpouring of lava created during a non-explosive effusive eruption.", "Lava __knowledge__ When it has stopped moving, lava solidifies to form igneous rock.", "Lava __knowledge__ The term \"lava flow\" is commonly shortened to \"lava\".", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ Lascar is a stratovolcano within the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, a volcanic arc that spans the countries of Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Chile.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ It is the most active volcano in the region, with records of eruptions going back to 1848.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ It is composed of two separate cones with several summit craters.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ The westernmost crater of the eastern cone is presently active.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ Volcanic activity is characterized by constant release of volcanic gas and occasional vulcanian eruptions.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ Lascar has been active since at least 56,000 years ago, though some argue for activity 220,000 years ago.", "Lascar (volcano) __knowledge__ The first known activity occurred at the eastern cone, before shifting to the western cone and back again.", "Basalt __knowledge__ Basalt ( , or ) is a common extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.", "Basalt __knowledge__ Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows.", "Basalt __knowledge__ By definition, basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) igneous rock with generally 45-55% silica (SiO) and less than 10% feldspathoid by volume, and where at least 65% of the rock is feldspar in the form of plagioclase.", "Basalt __knowledge__ It is the most common volcanic rock type on Earth, being a key component of oceanic crust as well as the principal volcanic rock in many mid-oceanic islands, including Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Réunion and the islands of Hawaii.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Venus is a planet with striking geology.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Of all the other planets in the Solar System, it is the one nearest to Earth and most like it in terms of mass, but has no magnetic field or recognizable plate tectonic system.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Much of the ground surface is exposed volcanic bedrock, some with thin and patchy layers of soil covering, in marked contrast with Earth, the Moon, and Mars.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Some impact craters are present, but Venus is similar to Earth in that there are much fewer craters than on the other rocky planets that are largely covered by them.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ This is due in part to the thickness of the Venusian atmosphere disrupting small impactors before they strike the ground, but the paucity of large craters may be due to volcanic re-surfacing, possibly of a catastrophic nature.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volcano __knowledge__ A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.", "Volcano __knowledge__ For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.", "Volcano __knowledge__ This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of \"plate hypothesis\" volcanism.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes.", "Volcano __knowledge__ These so-called \"hotspots\", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ A vehicle registration plate, also known as a number plate (British English) or a license plate (American English), is a metal or plastic plate attached to a motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ All countries require registration plates for road vehicles such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ Whether they are required for other vehicles, such as bicycles, boats, or tractors, may vary by jurisdiction.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ The registration identifier is a numeric or alphanumeric ID that uniquely identifies the vehicle owner within the issuing region's vehicle register.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ In some countries, the identifier is unique within the entire country, while in others it is unique within a state or province.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin \"tectonicus\", from the \"pertaining to building\") is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere, since tectonic processes began on Earth between 3 and 3.5 billion years ago.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The model builds on the concept of continental drift, an idea developed during the first decades of the 20th century.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The geoscientific community accepted plate-tectonic theory after seafloor spreading was validated in the late 1950s and early 1960s.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (the crust and upper mantle), is broken into tectonic plates.", "Earth __knowledge__ Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life.", "Earth __knowledge__ According to radiometric dating and other sources of evidence, Earth formed over 4 billion years ago.", "Earth __knowledge__ Earth's gravity interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, Earth's only natural satellite.", "Earth __knowledge__ Earth revolves around the Sun in 365.26 days, a period known as an Earth year.", "Earth __knowledge__ During this time, Earth rotates about its axis about 366.26 times.", "Earth __knowledge__ Earth's axis of rotation is tilted, producing seasonal variations on the planet's surface.", "Earth __knowledge__ The gravitational interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Venus is a planet with striking geology.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Of all the other planets in the Solar System, it is the one nearest to Earth and most like it in terms of mass, but has no magnetic field or recognizable plate tectonic system.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Much of the ground surface is exposed volcanic bedrock, some with thin and patchy layers of soil covering, in marked contrast with Earth, the Moon, and Mars.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ Some impact craters are present, but Venus is similar to Earth in that there are much fewer craters than on the other rocky planets that are largely covered by them.", "Geology of Venus __knowledge__ This is due in part to the thickness of the Venusian atmosphere disrupting small impactors before they strike the ground, but the paucity of large craters may be due to volcanic re-surfacing, possibly of a catastrophic nature.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ The richly textured landscape of the United States is a product of the dueling forces of plate tectonics, weathering and erosion.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ Over the 4.5 billion-year history of our Earth, tectonic upheavals and colliding plates have raised great mountain ranges while the forces of erosion and weathering worked to tear them down.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ Even after many millions of years, records of Earth's great upheavals remain imprinted as textural variations and surface patterns that define distinctive landscapes or provinces.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ The diversity of the landscapes of the United States can be easily seen on the shaded relief image to the right.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The history of Earth concerns the development of planet Earth from its formation to the present day.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Nearly all branches of natural science have contributed to the understanding of the main events of Earth's past.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The age of the Earth is approximately one-third of the age of the universe.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ An immense amount of geological change has occurred in that timespan, accompanied by the emergence of life and its subsequent evolution.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Volcanic outgassing probably created the primordial atmosphere and then the ocean, but the early atmosphere contained almost no oxygen and so would not have supported known forms of life.", "List of tectonic plates __knowledge__ This is a list of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface.", "List of tectonic plates __knowledge__ Tectonic plates are pieces of Earth's crust and uppermost mantle, together referred to as the lithosphere.", "List of tectonic plates __knowledge__ The plates are around thick and consist of two principal types of material: oceanic crust (also called \"sima\" from silicon and magnesium) and continental crust (\"sial\" from silicon and aluminium).", "List of tectonic plates __knowledge__ The composition of the two types of crust differs markedly, with mafic basaltic rocks dominating oceanic crust, while continental crust consists principally of lower-density felsic granitic rocks.", "List of tectonic plates __knowledge__ Geologists generally agree that the following tectonic plates currently exist on the Earth's surface with roughly definable boundaries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volcano __knowledge__ A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.", "Volcano __knowledge__ For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.", "Volcano __knowledge__ This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of \"plate hypothesis\" volcanism.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes.", "Volcano __knowledge__ These so-called \"hotspots\", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ Newberry Volcano (also known as Newberry Caldera) is a large active shield-shaped stratovolcano located east of the major crest of the Cascade Range and about south of Bend, Oregon, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ The largest volcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, it has roughly the same area as the state of Rhode Island at when its lava flows are taken into account.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ From its northernmost to southernmost point, the volcano is in length, with a width of and a total volume of approximately .", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ It was named for the geologist and surgeon John Strong Newberry, who explored central Oregon for the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855, and the area surrounding the volcano has been inhabited by Native American populations for more than 10,000 years.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin \"tectonicus\", from the \"pertaining to building\") is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere, since tectonic processes began on Earth between 3 and 3.5 billion years ago.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The model builds on the concept of continental drift, an idea developed during the first decades of the 20th century.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The geoscientific community accepted plate-tectonic theory after seafloor spreading was validated in the late 1950s and early 1960s.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (the crust and upper mantle), is broken into tectonic plates.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ The geology of the Iberian Peninsula consists of the study of the rock formations on the Iberian Peninsula, which includes Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and Gibraltar.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ The peninsula contains rocks from every age from Ediacaran to Holocene, and almost every kind of rock is represented.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ World class mineral deposits can also be found there.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ The core of the Iberian Peninsula consists of a Hercynian cratonic block known as the Iberian Massif.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ On the northeast this is bounded by The Pyrenean fold belt, and on the southeast it is bounded by the Betic Foldchain.", "Geology of the Iberian Peninsula __knowledge__ These twofold chains are part of the Alpine belt.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ The richly textured landscape of the United States is a product of the dueling forces of plate tectonics, weathering and erosion.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ Over the 4.5 billion-year history of our Earth, tectonic upheavals and colliding plates have raised great mountain ranges while the forces of erosion and weathering worked to tear them down.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ Even after many millions of years, records of Earth's great upheavals remain imprinted as textural variations and surface patterns that define distinctive landscapes or provinces.", "Geology of the United States __knowledge__ The diversity of the landscapes of the United States can be easily seen on the shaded relief image to the right.", "Geology of the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ The geology of the Pacific Northwest includes the composition (including rock, minerals, and soils), structure, physical properties and the processes that shape the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and Canada.", "Geology of the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ The geology of the region is responsible for some of area's scenic beauty as well as some of its hazards, such as volcanoes and earthquakes.", "Geology of the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ There are at least five geologic provinces in the area: the Cascade Volcanoes, the Columbia Plateau, the North Cascades, the Coast Mountains, and the Insular Mountains.", "Geology of the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ The Cascade Volcanoes are an active volcanic region along the western side of the Pacific Northwest.", "Lava __knowledge__ Lava is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption, usually at temperatures from .", "Lava __knowledge__ The resulting structures after solidification and cooling are also sometimes described as \"lava\".", "Lava __knowledge__ The molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites, though such material located below the crust is referred to by other terms.", "Lava __knowledge__ A lava flow is a moving outpouring of lava created during a non-explosive effusive eruption.", "Lava __knowledge__ When it has stopped moving, lava solidifies to form igneous rock.", "Lava __knowledge__ The term \"lava flow\" is commonly shortened to \"lava\".", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (NCVP), formerly known as the Stikine Volcanic Belt, is a geologic province defined by the occurrence of Miocene to Holocene volcanoes in the Pacific Northwest of North America.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ This belt of volcanoes extends roughly north-northwest from northwestern British Columbia and the Alaska Panhandle through Yukon to the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of far eastern Alaska, in a corridor hundreds of kilometres wide.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ It is the most recently defined volcanic province in the Western Cordillera.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ It has formed due to extensional cracking of the North American continent—similar to other on-land extensional volcanic zones, including the Basin and Range Province and the East African Rift." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volcano __knowledge__ A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.", "Volcano __knowledge__ For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.", "Volcano __knowledge__ This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of \"plate hypothesis\" volcanism.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes.", "Volcano __knowledge__ These so-called \"hotspots\", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth.", "Volcano __knowledge__ Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ Newberry Volcano (also known as Newberry Caldera) is a large active shield-shaped stratovolcano located east of the major crest of the Cascade Range and about south of Bend, Oregon, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ The largest volcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, it has roughly the same area as the state of Rhode Island at when its lava flows are taken into account.", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ From its northernmost to southernmost point, the volcano is in length, with a width of and a total volume of approximately .", "Newberry Volcano __knowledge__ It was named for the geologist and surgeon John Strong Newberry, who explored central Oregon for the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855, and the area surrounding the volcano has been inhabited by Native American populations for more than 10,000 years.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ Tenerife (; ) is the largest and most populated island of the seven Canary Islands.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ It is also the most populated island of Spain, with a land area of and 898,680 inhabitants, 43 percent of the total population of the Canary Islands.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ Tenerife is the largest and most populous island of Macaronesia.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ About five million tourists visit Tenerife each year, the most visited island of the archipelago.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ It is one of the most important tourist destinations in Spain and the world.", "Tenerife __knowledge__ Tenerife hosts one of the world's largest carnivals and the Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is working to be designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.", "Mauna Loa __knowledge__ Mauna Loa ( or ; Hawaiian: ; ) is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U.S. state of Hawaiʻi in the Pacific Ocean.", "Mauna Loa __knowledge__ The largest subaerial volcano in both mass and volume, Mauna Loa has historically been considered the largest volcano on Earth, dwarfed only by Tamu Massif.", "Mauna Loa __knowledge__ It is an active shield volcano with relatively gentle slopes, with a volume estimated at approximately , although its peak is about lower than that of its neighbor, Mauna Kea.", "Mauna Loa __knowledge__ Lava eruptions from Mauna Loa are silica-poor and very fluid, and they tend to be non-explosive.", "Mauna Loa __knowledge__ Mauna Loa has probably been erupting for at least 700,000 years, and may have emerged above sea level about 400,000 years ago.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ Alba Mons (formerly known as Alba Patera, a term that has since been restricted to the volcano's summit caldera) is an immense, low-lying volcano located in the northern Tharsis region of the planet Mars.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ It is the largest volcano on Mars in terms of area, with volcanic flow fields that extend for at least from its summit.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ Although the volcano has a span comparable to that of the United States, it reaches an elevation of only at its highest point.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ This is about one-third the height of Olympus Mons, the tallest volcano on the planet.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ The flanks of Alba Mons have very gentle slopes.", "Alba Mons __knowledge__ The average slope along the volcano's northern (and steepest) flank is 0.5°, which is over five times lower than the slopes on the other large Tharsis volcanoes.", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ Olympus Mons (; Latin for Mount Olympus) is a very large shield volcano on the planet Mars.", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ By one measure, it has a height of nearly 22 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft).", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ Olympus Mons stands about two and a half times as tall as Mount Everest's height above sea level.", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ It is the tallest mountain in the Solar System.", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ It is the youngest of the large volcanoes on Mars, having formed during Mars's Hesperian Period.", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ It is currently the largest volcano discovered in the Solar System and had been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for \"Olympic Snow\").", "Olympus Mons __knowledge__ Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ A shield volcano is a type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ They are named for their low profile, resembling a warrior's shield lying on the ground.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ This is caused by the highly fluid (low viscosity) lava they erupt which travels farther than lava erupted from stratovolcanoes.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ This results in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ The shape of shield volcanoes is due to the low viscosity of their mafic lava.", "Shield volcano __knowledge__ Shield volcanoes are built by effusive eruptions, which flow out in all directions to create a shield like that of a warrior.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Volcanic activity, or volcanism, has played a significant role in the geologic evolution of Mars.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Scientists have known since the Mariner 9 mission in 1972 that volcanic features cover large portions of the Martian surface.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ These features include extensive lava flows, vast lava plains, and the largest known volcanoes in the Solar System.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Martian volcanic features range in age from Noachian (>3.7 billion years) to late Amazonian (< 500 million years), indicating that the planet has been volcanically active throughout its history, and some speculate it probably still is so today.", "Volcanology of Mars __knowledge__ Both Earth and Mars are large, differentiated planets built from similar chondritic materials.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (NCVP), formerly known as the Stikine Volcanic Belt, is a geologic province defined by the occurrence of Miocene to Holocene volcanoes in the Pacific Northwest of North America.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ This belt of volcanoes extends roughly north-northwest from northwestern British Columbia and the Alaska Panhandle through Yukon to the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of far eastern Alaska, in a corridor hundreds of kilometres wide.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ It is the most recently defined volcanic province in the Western Cordillera.", "Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ It has formed due to extensional cracking of the North American continent—similar to other on-land extensional volcanic zones, including the Basin and Range Province and the East African Rift.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province presents a record of volcanic activity in northwestern British Columbia, central Yukon and the U.S. state of easternmost Alaska.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ The volcanic activity lies in the northern part of the Western Cordillera of the Pacific Northwest region of North America.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ Extensional cracking of the North American Plate in this part of North America has existed for millions of years.", "Volcanic history of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province __knowledge__ Continuation of this continental rifting has fed scores of volcanoes throughout the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province over at least the past 20 million years (see Geology of the Pacific Northwest) and occasionally continued into geologically recent times.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "List of Northern Cordilleran volcanoes __knowledge__ The geography of northwestern British Columbia and Yukon, Canada is dominated by volcanoes of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province formed due to continental rifting of the North American Plate.", "List of Northern Cordilleran volcanoes __knowledge__ It is the most active volcanic region in Canada.", "List of Northern Cordilleran volcanoes __knowledge__ Some of the volcanoes are notable for their eruptions, for instance, Tseax Cone for its catastrophic eruption estimated to have occurred in the 18th century which was responsible for the death of at least 2,000 Nisga'a people from poisonous volcanic gases, the Mount Edziza volcanic complex for at least 20 eruptions throughout the past 10,000 years, and The Volcano (also known as Lava Fork volcano) for the most recent eruption in Canada during 1904.", "The Volcano (British Columbia) __knowledge__ The Volcano, also known as Lava Fork volcano, is a small cinder cone in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains in northwestern British Columbia, Canada.", "The Volcano (British Columbia) __knowledge__ It is located approximately northwest of the small community of Stewart near the head of Lava Fork.", "The Volcano (British Columbia) __knowledge__ With a summit elevation of and a topographic prominence of , it rises above the surrounding rugged landscape on a remote mountain ridge that represents the northern flank of a glaciated U-shaped valley.", "The Volcano (British Columbia) __knowledge__ Lava Fork volcano is associated with a small group of related volcanoes called the Iskut-Unuk River Cones.", "The Volcano (British Columbia) __knowledge__ This forms part of the much larger Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province, which extends from the Alaska–Yukon border to near the port city of Prince Rupert, British Columbia.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ Heart Peaks, originally known as the Heart Mountains, is a mountain massif in the Northern Interior of British Columbia, Canada.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ It is located northwest of the small community of Telegraph Creek and just southwest of Callison Ranch.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ With a maximum elevation of , it rises above the surrounding landscape on the Nahlin Plateau, which is part of the western Stikine Plateau.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ Heart Peaks has been an area of prospecting since the 1980s with the discovery of precious metals.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ Situated in a large area of volcanic activity, Heart Peaks consists of a large shield volcano.", "Heart Peaks __knowledge__ It was formed in the past 23 million years by repeated eruptions of lava and rock.", "Maitland Volcano __knowledge__ Maitland Volcano is a heavily eroded shield volcano that resides in the Northern Interior of British Columbia, Canada.", "Maitland Volcano __knowledge__ It is located southeast of the small community of Telegraph Creek in what is now the Klappan Range of the northern Skeena Mountains.", "Maitland Volcano __knowledge__ This multi-vent volcano covered a remarkably large area and was topped by a younger volcanic edifice.", "Maitland Volcano __knowledge__ Little remains of Maitland Volcano today, limited only to eroded lava flows and distinctive upstanding landforms created when magma hardened within the vents of the volcano.", "Maitland Volcano __knowledge__ The shield is associated with an extensive group of related volcanoes called the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (NCVP)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 69, 53 ]

[ "Me too. It's crazy how the crust of the Earth ruptures and allows hot lava, ash and gases to escape.", "The erupt due to the Earth's crust being broken into 17 major tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer. ", "Yes, but volcanoes can also form where this is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates.", "Sorry. I can't suggest one, but the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province is the most recently defined volcanic province. ", "Not sure, but the NCVP spans over northwestern British Columbia, central Yukon and The easternmost part of Alaska. " ]

[ "Volcano", "Volcano", "Volcano", "Volcano", "Volcano" ]

[ "Red hair", "Uau, that is cool.You are an original person.", "So is it a genetic trait.Do you think there is a chance to pass this trait to your children?", "Tell me more about the genetic aspects of this trait, please." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ Loughborough Students Rugby Union Football Club is the rugby club that represents Loughborough University in rugby union competition.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ Of the British universities, Loughborough has unparalleled success, having won the BUCS championship (in its former guises as the BUSA and UAU championship) on twenty-seven occasions.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ It fields sides in the BUCS league, (inter-university) and in the third tier of the English rugby union system, National League 1.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ The club has fielded over seventy internationals (male and female), many of whom won caps while playing for the club.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ The history of the club predates the formation of Loughborough University.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ Whole brain emulation (WBE), mind upload or brain upload (sometimes called \"mind copying\" or \"mind transfer\") is the hypothetical futuristic process of scanning mental state (including long-term memory and \"self\") of a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computer.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ The computer could then run a simulation model of the brain's information processing, such that it responds in essentially the same way as the original brain (i.e., indistinguishable from the brain for all relevant purposes) and experiences having a conscious mind.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ Mind uploading may potentially be accomplished by either of two methods: Copy-and-Transfer or gradual replacement of neurons.", "Teleportation in fiction __knowledge__ This is a list of notable works of fiction which include teleportation in any form.", "Teleportation in fiction __knowledge__ A \"teleporter\" refers to a device for the movement of a macroscopic material object between two points without motion through the spaces between them.", "Teleportation in fiction __knowledge__ It is widely used in science fiction and fantasy, and was popularized in the television series \"Star Trek\".", "Teleportation in fiction __knowledge__ The use of matter transmitters in science fiction originated at least as early as the 19th century.", "Teleportation in fiction __knowledge__ An early example of scientific teleportation (as opposed to magical or spiritual teleportation) is found in the 1897 novel \"To Venus in Five Seconds\" by Fred T. Jane.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ Cláudia Cristina Leite Inácio Pedreira (; born 10 July 1980) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, entrepreneur and television personality.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ She rose to fame in late 2002 as the lead vocalist of the Axé music group Babado Novo.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ The group achieved a string of consecutive diamond-certified hit singles in Brazil and five golden and platinum albums from 2003 to 2007, as granted by the Brazilian Association of Record Producers (ABPD).", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ Leitte embarked on a solo career and released her first solo album \"Ao Vivo em Copacabana\" (2008), recorded live in front of a crowd of over a million people.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ The album was awarded gold and triple platinum certifications and established the singer as one of Brazil's greatest stars.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Newcastle University Boat Club (NUBC) is the rowing club of Newcastle University, UK.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Established in March 1911 as the boat club for Armstrong College, it celebrated its centenary in 2011, when was also appointed High Performance Programme for heavyweight men and women by British Rowing.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ In the past 20 years current students and alumni won 60 international vests for GB.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ The club trains on the River Tyne from a purpose-built boathouse on the south bank of the river in the village of Newburn, five miles upriver from the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Built in the 1950s, the boathouse is home to the clubs boats, private single sculls and coaching launches; was redeveloped with work finished in 2011.", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ How to Create a Mind: The Secret of Human Thought Revealed is a non-fiction book about brains, both human and artificial, by the inventor and futurist Ray Kurzweil.", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ First published in hardcover on November 13, 2012 by Viking Press it became a New York Times Best Seller.", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ It has received attention from \"The Washington Post\", \"The New York Times\" and \"The New Yorker\".", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ Kurzweil describes a series of thought experiments which suggest to him that the brain contains a hierarchy of pattern recognizers.", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ Based on this he introduces his Pattern Recognition Theory of Mind.", "How to Create a Mind __knowledge__ He says the neocortex contains 300 million very general pattern recognition circuits and argues that they are responsible for most aspects of human thought.", "Media ecology __knowledge__ Media ecology theory is the study of media, technology, and communication and how they affect human environments.", "Media ecology __knowledge__ The theoretical concepts were proposed by Marshall McLuhan in 1964, while the term \"media ecology\" was first formally introduced by Neil Postman in 1968.", "Media ecology __knowledge__ Ecology in this context refers to the environment in which the medium is used – what they are and how they affect society.", "Media ecology __knowledge__ McLuhan proposed that media influence the progression of society, and that significant periods of time and growth can be categorized by the rise of a specific technology during that period.", "Media ecology __knowledge__ In other words, \"Media ecology looks into the matter of how media of communication affect human perception, understanding, feeling, and value; and how our interaction with media facilitates or impedes our chances of survival.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing if a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Changes in lifestyle could reverse overpopulated status without a large population reduction.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ The term \"human overpopulation\" refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Melanocortin 1 receptor __knowledge__ The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), also known as melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSHR), melanin-activating peptide receptor, or melanotropin receptor, is a G protein–coupled receptor that binds to a class of pituitary peptide hormones known as the melanocortins, which include adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and the different forms of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).", "Melanocortin 1 receptor __knowledge__ MC1R is one of the key proteins involved in regulating mammalian skin and hair color.", "Melanocortin 1 receptor __knowledge__ It is located on the plasma membrane of specialized cells known as melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin through the process of melanogenesis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin studies reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits, phenotypes, and disorders.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in content fields, from biology to psychology.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin studies are part of the broader methodology used in behavior genetics, which uses all data that are genetically informative – siblings studies, adoption studies, pedigree, etc.", "Twin study __knowledge__ These studies have been used to track traits ranging from personal behavior to the presentation of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twins are a valuable source for observation because they allow the study of environmental influence and varying genetic makeup: \"identical\" or monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly 100% of their genes, which means that most differences between the twins (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.)", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The nature versus nurture debate is about whether human behaviour is determined by the environment, either prenatal or during a person's life, or by a person's genes.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The alliterative expression \"nature and nurture\" in English has been in use since at least the Elizabethan period and goes back to medieval French.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The combination of the two concepts as complementary is ancient (Greek: ).", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nurture is generally taken as the influence of external factors after conception e.g.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ the product of exposure, experience and learning on an individual.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Evolutionary processes give rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Repeated formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences.", "Evolution __knowledge__ These shared traits are more similar among species that share a more recent common ancestor, and can be used to reconstruct a biological \"tree of life\" based on evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics), using both existing species and fossils.", "Heritability __knowledge__ Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In other words, the concept of heritability can alternately be expressed in the form of the following question: \"What is the proportion of the variation in a given trait within a population that is \"not\" explained by the environment of random chance?\"", "Heritability __knowledge__ Other causes of measured variation in a trait are characterized as environmental factors, including measurement error.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In human studies of heritability these are often apportioned into factors from \"shared environment\" and \"non-shared environment\" based on whether they tend to result in persons brought up in the same household being more or less similar to persons who were not.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Charles Darwin popularised the term \"natural selection\", contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Variation exists within all populations of organisms.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and offspring can inherit such mutations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Throughout the lives of the individuals, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ In multivariate behavioral & quantitative genetics, a genetic correlation (denoted formula_1 or formula_2) is the proportion of variance that two traits share due to genetic causes, the correlation between the genetic influences on a trait and the genetic influences on a different trait estimating the degree of pleiotropy or causal overlap.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ A genetic correlation of 0 implies that the genetic effects on one trait are independent of the other, while a correlation of 1 implies that all of the genetic influences on the two traits are identical.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ The bivariate genetic correlation can be generalized to inferring genetic latent variable factors across >2 traits using factor analysis.", "Quantitative trait locus __knowledge__ A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a section of DNA (the locus) which correlates with variation in a phenotype (the quantitative trait).", "Quantitative trait locus __knowledge__ Usually the QTL is linked to, or contains, the genes which control that phenotype.", "Quantitative trait locus __knowledge__ QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait.", "Quantitative trait locus __knowledge__ This is often an early step in identifying and sequencing the actual genes that cause the trait variation.", "Quantitative trait locus __knowledge__ A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a region of DNA which is associated with a particular phenotypic trait, which varies in degree and which can be attributed to polygenic effects, i.e., the product of two or more genes, and their environment.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ White Latin Americans or European Latin Americans are Latin Americans who are considered white, typically due to European, or in some cases Levantine, descent.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Latin American countries have often encouraged miscegenation, and even a small amount of European ancestry could entail significant upwards social mobility.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ People descended from European settlers who arrived in the Americas during the colonial and post-independence periods can be found throughout Latin America.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Most of the earliest settlers were Spanish and Portuguese; after independence, the most numerous immigrants have been Spanish and Italians, followed by Germans, Levantine Semites, Poles, Irish, British, French, Russians, Belgians, Dutch, Scandinavians, Ukrainians, Hungarians, Croats, Swiss, Greeks, and other Europeans.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ White Brazilians ( ) refers to Brazilian citizens of European or Levantine descent.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ According to the 2010 Census, they totaled 91,051,646 people, and made up 47.73% of the Brazilian population.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ The main ancestry of white Brazilians is Portuguese, followed by Italian, Spanish, German, and other German-speaking nationalities (Austrian, Swiss, Luxembourger and Volga German) Slavic (Polish, Ukrainian, Russian etc), Levantine, Dutch, French and Baltic.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ The white Brazilian population is spread throughout the national territory, but its highest percentage is found in the three southernmost states, where 79.8% of the population has European or Caucasian phenotype, whereas the Southeast region has the largest absolute numbers.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Afro-Brazilians (; ) is a term used in the 21st century by some in Brazil to refer to Brazilian people with African ancestry.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ The term does not have widespread use in Brazil, where social constructs and classifications have been based on appearance.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ People with noticeable African features and skin color are generally referred to (and they identify) as \"negro\" or \"preto\" (\"black\").", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Many members of another group of people, multiracial Brazilians, or \"pardos\", also have a range of degree of African ancestry.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Preto and pardo are among five color categories used by the Brazilian Census, along with \"branco\" (\"white\"), \"amarelo\" (\"yellow\", East Asian) and \"indígena\" (Amerindian).", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "White people __knowledge__ White people is a racial classification specifier, used for people of Caucasian ancestry, with the exact implications dependent on context.", "White people __knowledge__ The usage of \"white people\" or a \"white race\" for a large group of (mainly European) populations, defined besides other characteristics by their light skin and contrasting with \"black people\", Native Americans, \"colored\" or \"persons of color\" originated in the 17th century.", "White people __knowledge__ It was only during the 18th century, that this floating category was transformed in a quasi-scientific system of race and skin color relations.", "White people __knowledge__ The concept of a homogeneous white race did not achieve universal acceptance in Europe.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ European Mexicans are Mexican citizens of complete or predominant European descent.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ While the Mexican government periodically conducts racial censuses for \"Indigenous Mexicans\" and \"Afro-Mexicans\" it has not conducted a census for European Mexicans for nearly a century.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ Estimates of this ethnic group as a segment of the country's population range from 9% and 20% according to \"The World Factbook\" and Encyclopædia Britannica to as high as 47% according to the ENADIS 2010 (National Survey About Discrimination), conducted by the CONAPRED (National Council to Prevent Discrimination) as a mean to address the problems of racism that Mexicans of mainly Indigenous or African ancestry suffer at hands of a society that favors light skinned, European looking Mexicans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ The connection between race and intelligence has been a subject of debate in both popular science and academic research since the inception of IQ testing in the early 20th century.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ While tests have broadly shown differences in average scores based on self-identified race or ethnicity, there is considerable debate as to whether and to what extent those differences reflect environmental factors as opposed to genetic ones, as well as to the definitions of what \"race\" and \"intelligence\" are, and whether they can be objectively defined at all.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ Currently, there is no non-circumstantial evidence that these differences in test scores have a genetic component, although some researchers believe that the existing circumstantial evidence makes it at least plausible that hard evidence for a genetic component will eventually be found.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The nature versus nurture debate is about whether human behaviour is determined by the environment, either prenatal or during a person's life, or by a person's genes.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The alliterative expression \"nature and nurture\" in English has been in use since at least the Elizabethan period and goes back to medieval French.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ The combination of the two concepts as complementary is ancient (Greek: ).", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ Nurture is generally taken as the influence of external factors after conception e.g.", "Nature versus nurture __knowledge__ the product of exposure, experience and learning on an individual.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ In multivariate behavioral & quantitative genetics, a genetic correlation (denoted formula_1 or formula_2) is the proportion of variance that two traits share due to genetic causes, the correlation between the genetic influences on a trait and the genetic influences on a different trait estimating the degree of pleiotropy or causal overlap.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ A genetic correlation of 0 implies that the genetic effects on one trait are independent of the other, while a correlation of 1 implies that all of the genetic influences on the two traits are identical.", "Genetic correlation __knowledge__ The bivariate genetic correlation can be generalized to inferring genetic latent variable factors across >2 traits using factor analysis.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Evolutionary processes give rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules.", "Evolution __knowledge__ Repeated formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences.", "Evolution __knowledge__ These shared traits are more similar among species that share a more recent common ancestor, and can be used to reconstruct a biological \"tree of life\" based on evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics), using both existing species and fossils.", "Heritability __knowledge__ Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In other words, the concept of heritability can alternately be expressed in the form of the following question: \"What is the proportion of the variation in a given trait within a population that is \"not\" explained by the environment of random chance?\"", "Heritability __knowledge__ Other causes of measured variation in a trait are characterized as environmental factors, including measurement error.", "Heritability __knowledge__ In human studies of heritability these are often apportioned into factors from \"shared environment\" and \"non-shared environment\" based on whether they tend to result in persons brought up in the same household being more or less similar to persons who were not.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Charles Darwin popularised the term \"natural selection\", contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Variation exists within all populations of organisms.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and offspring can inherit such mutations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Throughout the lives of the individuals, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin studies reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits, phenotypes, and disorders.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in content fields, from biology to psychology.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twin studies are part of the broader methodology used in behavior genetics, which uses all data that are genetically informative – siblings studies, adoption studies, pedigree, etc.", "Twin study __knowledge__ These studies have been used to track traits ranging from personal behavior to the presentation of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.", "Twin study __knowledge__ Twins are a valuable source for observation because they allow the study of environmental influence and varying genetic makeup: \"identical\" or monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly 100% of their genes, which means that most differences between the twins (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.)", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape in peas.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ Chromosome 15 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ People normally have two copies of this chromosome.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ Chromosome 15 spans about 101 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 3% and 3.5% of the total DNA in cells.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ The human leukocyte antigen gene for β2-microglobulin is found at chromosome 15.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 15.", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction).", "Chromosome 15 (human) __knowledge__ Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are diploid.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Diploid organisms have the same loci on each of their two sets of homologous chromosomes except that the sequences at these loci may differ between the two chromosomes in a matching pair and that a few chromosomes may be mismatched as part of a chromosomal sex-determination system.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If both alleles of a diploid organism are the same, the organism is homozygous at that locus.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If they are different, the organism is heterozygous at that locus.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ These laws were initially controversial.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book \"The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection\", putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ Angelman syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder that mainly affects the nervous system.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ Symptoms include a small head and a specific facial appearance, severe intellectual disability, developmental disability, speech problems, balance and movement problems, seizures, and sleep problems.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ Children are usually happy in nature and have a particular interest in water.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ The symptoms generally become noticeable by one year of age.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ Angelman syndrome is typically due to a new mutation rather than one inherited from a person's parents.", "Angelman syndrome __knowledge__ Angelman syndrome is due to a lack of function of part of chromosome 15 inherited from a person's mother.", "Gene __knowledge__ A gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA which codes for a molecule that has a function.", "Gene __knowledge__ During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA.", "Gene __knowledge__ The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function.", "Gene __knowledge__ The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits.", "Gene __knowledge__ These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes.", "Gene __knowledge__ Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be.", "Gene __knowledge__ Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as gene–environment interactions.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 3 ]

[ "I have red hair which occurs naturally in only 1-2% of the human population", "Yes! I am !! Red hair occurs in people of northern or western European ancestry.", "It appears in people with two copies of a recessive allele on Chromosome 15, so yes it inheritable.", "Chromosome 16 with the alleles produces an altered version of the MC1R protien which gives hair a brownish hue (in other cases)" ]

[ "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair" ]

[ "Bruno Mars", "I like him", "Hawaii? I never knew that", "Really?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ \"Like a Prayer\" is a song by American singer Madonna, from her fourth studio album of the same name.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ Sire Records released it as the album's lead single on March 3, 1989.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ Written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, the track denoted a more artistic and personal approach to songwriting for Madonna, who believed that she needed to cater more to her adult audience.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ The song is about a passionate young girl in love with God, who becomes the only male figure in her life.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ \"Like a Prayer\" is a pop rock song and incorporates gospel music.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ It features background vocals from a choir and also a rock guitar.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ The Moonshine Jungle Tour was the second concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ The tour supported his second studio album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012).", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ After an official announcement on February 10, 2013, which coincided with Mars performance at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, a promotional trailer and behind-the-scenes footage of the tour were released through Mars' official YouTube channel and website.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ Mars and his team selected Ellie Goulding and Fitz & the Tantrums as the opening acts, in the first North American leg, while music video director Cameron Duddy was signed as creative director for the tour in North America.", "Young, Wild &amp; Free __knowledge__ \"Young, Wild & Free\" is a song by American hip hop recording artists Snoop Dogg and Wiz Khalifa featuring American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Young, Wild &amp; Free __knowledge__ The track was first released on October 11, 2011 by Atlantic Records in the United States, as the lead single from the soundtrack of the film \"Mac & Devin Go to High School\".", "Young, Wild &amp; Free __knowledge__ Initially written by Calvin Broadus, Cameron Thomaz, Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence and Ari Levine under their stage name The Smeezingtons and Christopher Brown.", "Young, Wild &amp; Free __knowledge__ However, since the single samples two different songs, \"Toot It & Boot It\" and \"Sneakin' in the Back\", more songwriting credits were added, making a total of seventeen.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons were an American songwriting and record producing team, consisting of Bruno Mars (born October 8, 1985), Philip Lawrence (born July 17, 1980) and Ari Levine (born May 5, 1985).", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons were established in Los Angeles, California.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ Their production and writing services had been increasingly in demand since 2009.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ Eventually, the trio split, and Mars and Lawrence formed a new production trio called \"Shampoo Press & Curl\", which includes Christopher Brody Brown.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons broke into the American recording industry, crafting songs for a diverse roster of talent, with the December 2009 release of the Billboard Hot 100 No.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Just the Way You Are\" is the debut solo single by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It is the lead single from his debut studio album, \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010).", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine, Khalil Walton and Needlz and produced by the former three, under their alias, The Smeezingtons along with Needlz.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It was released in the United States to Contemporary hit radio on August 10, 2010.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The track was released in the United Kingdom on September 19, 2010, as \"Just the Way You Are (Amazing)\".", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics compliment a woman's beauty.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The debut single received positive reviews from critics, who considered it a stand-out track on \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" and praised The Smeezington's production.", "It Will Rain __knowledge__ \"It Will Rain\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars.", "It Will Rain __knowledge__ It was released exclusively on iTunes on September 27, 2011 by Atlantic Records as the lead single from the soundtrack of the film, .", "It Will Rain __knowledge__ Mars composed the song with his production team The Smeezingtons, and it was partially written during The Doo-Wops & Hooligans Tour in the United States, being finished after the singer watched an early version of the movie which inspired him.", "It Will Rain __knowledge__ The soundtrack for The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1 was a much expected release and Mars' song was chosen as the lead single by the album's executive producer, Alexandra Patsavas, to promote it.", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ \"Mirror\" is a song by American rapper Lil Wayne from the deluxe edition of his ninth studio album, \"Tha Carter IV\".", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ Produced by Ramon REO Owen of The Soundkillers, the song features American pop singer Bruno Mars.", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ The song was released to urban radio on November 1, 2011 as the sixth single from \"Tha Carter IV\".", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ \"Mirror\" is Lil Wayne's highest charting single as a lead artist in the UK, peaking at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ \"Mirror\" was released as the album's sixth and final single.", "Mirror (Lil Wayne song) __knowledge__ American urban contemporary radios began adding the track to their playlists on September 13, 2011, being released under Young Money, Cash Money and Universal Republic Records." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ I Never Knew You is the second extended play by American rapper Cage.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Released by Adult Swim and Definitive Jux, the EP was released to promote Cage's album \"Depart from Me\" and the first music video from that album, \"I Never Knew You\", and contained four exclusive tracks.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The title track, \"I Never Knew You\", appeared on the album \"Depart from Me\".", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew You\" was initially released as a free digital download, but has since been released through digital stores.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The EP was released in conjunction with the release of a music video for \"I Never Knew You\" directed by Shia LaBeouf.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The video features actor Dan Byrd following a woman played by Scarlett Kapella.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) is the twenty fourth studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was released in August 1974 on Columbia Records and was produced by Ray Baker.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The title track became the album's lead single.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before)\" contained eleven tracks (as did her past three albums for the Columbia label), including cover versions of Harlan Howard's \"The Key's in the Mailbox\" and Tom T. Hall's \"Never Having You.\"", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at the Columbia Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee in 1974 and was her second and final album that was released that year.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii ( ; ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America, having received statehood on August 21, 1959.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian archipelago, which comprises hundreds of islands spread over .", "Hawaii __knowledge__ At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight main islands are—in order from northwest to southeast: Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lānai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and the Island of Hawaii.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "List of Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Hawaii Five-0\", which has aired on CBS since 2010.", "List of Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Detective Sergeant Daniel \"Danny\" \"Danno\" James Williams is a member of the Five-0 Task Force and the \"de facto\" second in command.", "List of Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) characters __knowledge__ He is an experienced detective whose police background and tendency to go \"by the book\" clashes with McGarrett's \"shoot now, talk later\" style.", "List of Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) characters __knowledge__ It is established in Season 1 that Danny was from New Jersey, presumably around the New York metropolitan area, and was only living in Hawaii because his ex-wife Rachel had remarried and moved there with their daughter Grace to join her new husband Stan Edwards.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana Mase is an American pop singer and songwriter.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has released five albums so far: \"Diary\" (1994), \"Sitting with an Angel\" (1995), \"Through the Concrete & the Rocks\" (1998), \"Thread of Blue\" (2004) and \"The Colors of Black and White\" (2007).", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She is mostly known for the title track from the album \"Sitting with an Angel\", which was featured in the television show, \"Dawson's Creek\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has worked with producers Steve Addabbo in \"Through the Concrete and Rocks\" and Neil Dorfsman in \"Thread of Blue\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana's single “She Never Knew She Never Knew” (music video: ) exposes institutional retardation.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"If I Never Knew You\" is a song by American recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice, from Disney's 1995 animated feature film, \"Pocahontas\".", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The song was written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz, and originally recorded by American singer Judy Kuhn in her film role as the singing voice of Pocahontas, and American actor Mel Gibson in his role as Captain John Smith.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Shanice and Secada's version is heard during film's end credits, and was released on September 12, 1995 as the second single from the film's soundtrack, after Vanessa Williams' pop and R&B rendition of the Academy Award-winning \"Colors of the Wind\".", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ Honolulu County (officially known as the City and County of Honolulu, formerly Oahu County) is a consolidated city–county located in the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The city–county includes both the city of Honolulu (the state's capital and largest city) and the rest of the island of Oahu, as well as several minor outlying islands, including all of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (islands beyond Niihau) except Midway Atoll.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The consolidated city-county was established in the city charter adopted in 1907 and accepted by the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ As a municipal corporation and jurisdiction it manages aspects of government traditionally exercised by both municipalities and counties in the rest of the United States.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ It is an unincorporated part of and the county seat of the City and County of Honolulu on the island of O'ahu.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is the main gateway to Hawai'i and a major portal into the United States.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is also a major hub for international business, military defense, as well as famously being host to a diverse variety of east-west and Pacific culture, cuisine, and traditions.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu is the most remote city of its size in the world and is the westernmost major U.S. city.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the approximate area commonly referred to as \"City of Honolulu\" (not to be confused with the \"City and County\") as a census county division (CCD).", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ During Barack Obama's campaign for president in 2008, throughout his presidency, and afterwards, a number of conspiracy theories were circulated, falsely asserting that Obama was ineligible to be President of the United States on the basis that he was not a natural-born citizen of the United States within the requirement of .", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Theories alleged that Obama's published birth certificate was a forgery—that his actual birthplace was not Hawaii but Kenya.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Other theories alleged that Obama became a citizen of Indonesia in childhood, thereby losing his U.S. citizenship.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Still others claimed that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen because he was born a dual citizen (British and American).", "Honolulu Rail Transit __knowledge__ The Honolulu Rail Transit Project (also known as the Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project) is an urban rail rapid transit system under construction in Honolulu County, Oahu, Hawaii.", "Honolulu Rail Transit __knowledge__ The mostly-elevated system features design elements from both heavy rail systems and light metros, with a commuter rail-like design incorporated into trains and suburban stations.", "Honolulu Rail Transit __knowledge__ It will become the first large-scale publicly run metro system in the United States to feature platform screen doors.", "Honolulu Rail Transit __knowledge__ The first phase of the project, linking East Kapolei and Aloha Stadium, is scheduled to open in late 2020, while the second phase of the project continuing the line to Ala Moana Center across urban Honolulu is due to open in December 2025.", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ The Honolulu Police Department (HPD) is the principal law enforcement agency of the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, headquartered in the Alapa'i Police Headquarters in Honolulu CDP.", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ Officially recognized as a part of the government of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1846, the police department serves the entire island of O'ahu (which is coextensive with the City and County of Honolulu), covering over of territory, with just over 900,000 residents (not including military members) and over four million annual visitors.", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ The island is divided into 8 patrol districts which are then subdivided into sectors and beats.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Ralph Simpson Kuykendall (April 12, 1885 – May 9, 1963) was an American historian who served as the trustee and secretary of the Hawaiian Historical Society from 1922 to 1932.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Kuykendall also served as professor of history at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ He is most noted as a historian of the Hawaiian Islands, South Pacific, and Pacific Northwest.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Kuykendall was born in Linden, California.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ His parents Reverend John Wesley Kuykendall and Marilla Persis Pierce were both Methodist missionaries and descendants of Dutch settlers from New York.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ In 1919 Kuykendall married Edith Clare Kelly from Hollister, California." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ \"Nothing Really Matters\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her seventh studio album, \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was produced by the singer with William Orbit and Marius De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ The song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on March 2, 1999 by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ An EDM track on which Madonna experiments with different musical genres, \"Nothing Really Matters\" includes ambient music and electronic noise frequencies that were added by De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ Lyrically, the recording delves on the singer's first daughter Lourdes Leon, having also themes of selfishness, affection, and motherhood.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The Really Useful Group Ltd. (RUG) is an international company set up in 1977 by Andrew Lloyd Webber.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ It is involved in theatre, film, television, video and concert productions, merchandising, magazine publishing, records and music publishing.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The name is inspired by a phrase from the children's book series \"The Railway Series\" in which Thomas the Tank Engine and other locomotives are referred to as \"Really Useful Engines\".", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The company was set up in 1977 when Lloyd Webber, frustrated with the terms of his contract with the impresario Robert Stigwood, decided to take greater control over the management of his creative works.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The Really, Really Free Market (RRFM) movement is a horizontally organized collective of individuals who form a temporary market based on an alternative gift economy.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ RRFM events are often hosted by people unaffiliated with any large organization and are encouraged to sprout up by anyone, at anytime, anywhere.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The RRFM movement aims to counteract capitalism in a proactive way by creating a positive example to challenge the myths of scarcity and competition.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The name Really Really Free Market is itself a play on words: it is a reinterpretation and re-envisioning of the term Free Market which generally refers to an economy of consumerism governed by supply and demand.", "Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles (; Spanish for \"The Angels\"; ), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California.", "Los Angeles __knowledge__ With a U.S. Census-estimated 2016 population of 3,976,322, it is the second most populous city in the United States (after New York City) and the most populous city in the state of California.", "Los Angeles __knowledge__ Located in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over , Los Angeles covers an area of about .", "Los Angeles __knowledge__ The city is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the country.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ The written history of Los Angeles city and county began with a Colonial Mexican town that was founded by 11 Mexican families which were known as \" Los Pobladores\" that established a settlement in Southern California that changed little in the three decades after 1848, when California became part of the United States.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Much greater changes came from the completion of the Santa Fe railroad line from Chicago to Los Angeles in 1885.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Emigrants flooded in, especially white Protestants from the Midwest.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles had a strong economic base in farming, oil, tourism, real estate and movies.", "History of Los Angeles __knowledge__ It grew rapidly with many suburban areas inside and outside the city limits.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ Professional American football, especially its established top level, the National Football League (NFL), has had a long and complicated history in Los Angeles, which is the center of the second-largest media market in the United States.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles was the first city on the West Coast of the United States to host an NFL team of its own, when the former Cleveland Rams relocated to Los Angeles in 1946 and played at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (\"The Coliseum\") from 1946 until 1979.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ The Rams, after moving to suburban Anaheim, California in 1980, were joined in the Los Angeles metropolitan area by the Los Angeles Raiders when that team moved into the Coliseum in 1982.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ Inglewood is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, southwest of downtown Los Angeles.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 109,673.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ It was incorporated on February 14, 1908.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ The city is in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park is currently under construction in the city and when completed around 2020 will be the new home of both the National Football League's Los Angeles Rams and Los Angeles Chargers.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ The city is also close to Los Angeles International Airport.", "Inglewood, California __knowledge__ The earliest residents of what is now Inglewood were Native Americans who used the natural springs in today's Edward Vincent Jr. Park (known for most of its history as Centinela Park).", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is a city on the Pacific Coast of the United States, within the Greater Los Angeles area of Southern California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ As of 2010, its population was 462,257.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ It is the 36th most populous city in the United States and the 7th most populous in California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is the second largest city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and the third largest in Southern California behind Los Angeles and San Diego.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The Port of Long Beach is the second busiest container port in the United States and is among the world's largest shipping ports.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The city also maintains a progressively declining oil industry with minor wells located both directly beneath the city as well as offshore.", "Loyola Marymount University __knowledge__ Loyola Marymount University (LMU) is a private, co-educational university in the Jesuit and Marymount traditions located in the Westchester neighborhood on the Westside of Los Angeles, California.", "Loyola Marymount University __knowledge__ The university is one of 28 member institutions of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities and one of five Marymount institutions of higher education.", "Loyola Marymount University __knowledge__ Loyola Marymount University traces its history through Loyola University, founded in 1911 as the successor to St. Vincent's College which was founded in 1865, and Marymount College, founded in 1933 with its roots in Marymount School which was founded in 1923." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 1 ]

[ "Bruno mars, or peter hernandez is a great singer", "He was born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii", "He graduated high school and moved to los angeles for music", "Yep he became a very successful singer and songwriter, bruno mars is very good singer" ]

[ "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars" ]

[ "Osteopathic medicine in the United States", "i always forget what that is about. Is it bones or sports medicine . ", "It's specialized medicine isn't it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic doctors (D.O.s) can become fully licensed physicians (medical doctors) able to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in 65 other countries, including all Canadian provinces.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Still's techniques relied on manipulation of joints and bones, to diagnose and treat illness, and he called his practices \"osteopathy\".", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ By the middle of the 20th century, the profession had moved closer to mainstream medicine, adopting modern public health and biomedical principles.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ American \"osteopaths\" became \"osteopathic medical doctors\", ultimately achieving full practice rights as medical doctors in all 50 states, including serving in the U.S. armed forces as physicians.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ The practice has been referred to as the new \"jazz of medicine\", a term coined by Dr. Wolfgang Gilliar, an osteopathic physician who is the Dean of New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ In modern medicine, any distinction between the M.D.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ and the D.O.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ professions has eroded steadily." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic doctors (D.O.s) can become fully licensed physicians (medical doctors) able to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in 65 other countries, including all Canadian provinces.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Still's techniques relied on manipulation of joints and bones, to diagnose and treat illness, and he called his practices \"osteopathy\".", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ By the middle of the 20th century, the profession had moved closer to mainstream medicine, adopting modern public health and biomedical principles.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ American \"osteopaths\" became \"osteopathic medical doctors\", ultimately achieving full practice rights as medical doctors in all 50 states, including serving in the U.S. armed forces as physicians.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ The practice has been referred to as the new \"jazz of medicine\", a term coined by Dr. Wolfgang Gilliar, an osteopathic physician who is the Dean of New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ In modern medicine, any distinction between the M.D.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ and the D.O.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ professions has eroded steadily.", "American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine __knowledge__ The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) promotes sports medicine education, research, communication, and fellowship and includes national and international orthopaedic sports medicine leaders.", "American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine __knowledge__ The Society works closely with many other sports medicine specialists, including athletic trainers, physical therapists, family physicians, and others to improve the identification, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of sports injuries.", "American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine __knowledge__ Formed in 1972 as a forum for education and research with 100 members, the AOSSM today has to more than 2,000 members.", "American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine __knowledge__ The AOSSM developed out of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ (AAOS) Committee on Sports Medicine.", "The Joke's on Us __knowledge__ The Joke's on Us is a Canadian game show that aired from 1983 to 1984.", "The Joke's on Us __knowledge__ It was hosted by Monty Hall, joined by Sylvie Garant as assistant very early on in the run, with Sandy Hoyt as the show's announcer.", "The Joke's on Us __knowledge__ Taped at Global's television studios in Toronto, Ontario in association with the Global Television Network, the show was created and produced by two American game show veterans, Willie Stein and Nat Ligerman.", "The Joke's on Us __knowledge__ Each episode featured a rotating panel of four comedians, which included such famous personalities of the day as Alan Thicke, Nipsey Russell, Arte Johnson and Jo Anne Worley.", "The Joke's on Us __knowledge__ The show pitted two contestants against each other.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ Sports Medicine Australia is Australia’s peak national umbrella body for sports medicine and sports science.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ It was established in 1963 as the Australian Sports Medicine Federation.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ Its current membership includes sports medicine and health professionals, sports trainers, sporting clubs and community members.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ Its activities cover elite sport to community grass roots sports.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ It has branches in each Australian state.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ It was formed in 1963 by the amalgamation of the Australian Sports Medicine Association and the Australian and the Australian Federation of Sports Medicine.", "Sports Medicine Australia __knowledge__ Australian Sports Medicine Federation was established as a result of 1956 Melbourne Olympics medical services.", "Joseph Waeckerle __knowledge__ Joseph F. Waeckerle is an American physician specializing in Emergency and Sports medicine.", "Joseph Waeckerle __knowledge__ He is best known to the public for directing the search and rescue efforts at the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse in Kansas City, Missouri on July 17, 1981.", "Joseph Waeckerle __knowledge__ He is currently Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Missouri at Kansas City School of Medicine and Editor Emeritus of \"Annals of Emergency Medicine\".", "Joseph Waeckerle __knowledge__ He previously served as Chief Medical Officer for the Office of Homeland Security, State of Missouri and Medical Officer for the Kansas City Division of the FBI.", "Joseph Waeckerle __knowledge__ Waeckerle was born June 20, 1946 in Kansas City, Missouri and graduated from Rockhurst High School in 1964.", "Orthopaedic sports medicine __knowledge__ Orthopedic Sports Medicine is a subspecialty of orthopedic medicine and sports medicine.", "Orthopaedic sports medicine __knowledge__ The word orthopaedic derives from “ortho” which is the Greek root for “straight” and “pais” which is the Greek root for child.", "Orthopaedic sports medicine __knowledge__ During the early history of orthopaedic medicine, orthopaedists used braces, among other things, to make a child “straight.” Today, orthopaedists are making people of all ages “straight,” including athletes from all different kinds of sports.", "Orthopaedic sports medicine __knowledge__ The phrase “sports medicine” is not specific to one career/profession.", "Orthopaedic sports medicine __knowledge__ It instead, encompasses a group of professionals from various disciplines whose focus is the health of an athlete.", "Leslie Bodnar __knowledge__ Leslie M. Bodnar (1916 – 2014) was a sports medicine practitioner and former physician for the Notre Dame football team.", "Leslie Bodnar __knowledge__ Bodnar was born in the far south side of Chicago.", "Leslie Bodnar __knowledge__ He was the son of Hungarian immigrants.", "Leslie Bodnar __knowledge__ He received his Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois in 1939 and his medical degree from the University of Illinois College of Medicine in 1941 and went on to pursue his medical internship and surgical orthopedic residency at Charity Hospital in New Orleans.", "Leslie Bodnar __knowledge__ He served as an orthopedic surgeon in the United States Army during World War II (from 1943 – 1946) before returning to finish his orthopedic residency in New Orleans.", "UPMC Sports Performance Complex __knowledge__ The UPMC Sports Performance Complex is a multipurpose, multisport training, sports science, and sports medical complex of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.", "UPMC Sports Performance Complex __knowledge__ The complex is located along the shore of the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and is unique in that it is the only facility in the United States housing the practice and training facilities for both a collegiate NCAA football team and a professional National Football League team, the University of Pittsburgh Panthers and Pittsburgh Steelers respectively.", "UPMC Sports Performance Complex __knowledge__ It is also unique in that it combines these training facilities in one location with an academically based sports science and medicine program.", "Osteopathy __knowledge__ Osteopathy is a type of alternative medicine that emphasizes manual readjustments, myofascial release and other physical manipulation of muscle tissue and bones.", "Osteopathy __knowledge__ Practitioners of osteopathy are referred to as osteopaths.", "Osteopathy __knowledge__ Its name derives from Ancient Greek \"bone\" (ὀστέον) and \"sensitive to\" or \"responding to\" (-πάθεια).", "Osteopathy __knowledge__ While the national health services of some countries consider there is \"good\" evidence for osteopathy as a treatment for low back pain and \"limited evidence to suggest it may be effective for some types of neck, shoulder or lower limb pain and recovery after hip or knee operations\", there is little, or insufficient, evidence that osteopathy is effective as a treatment for health conditions \"unrelated\" to the bones and muscles, \"such as headaches, migraines, painful periods, digestive disorders, depression and excessive crying in babies (colic)\"; an explicit reference to the claims of osteopathic manipulative medicine.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.)", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ is a professional doctoral degree for physicians and surgeons offered by medical schools in the United States.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ A D.O.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ degree graduate may become licensed as an osteopathic physician, having equivalent rights, privileges, and responsibilities as a physician who has earned the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.)", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ degree.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ D.O.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ physicians are licensed to practice the full scope of medicine and surgery in sixty-five countries, and in all fifty states.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ They constitute seven percent of all U.S. physicians.", "Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine __knowledge__ As of 2016, there were more than 129,000 osteopathic medical physicians and osteopathic medical students in the United States.", "Comparison of MD and DO in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, physicians (medical doctors) who practice medicine may hold either the Doctor of Medicine degree (MD) or the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree (DO).", "Comparison of MD and DO in the United States __knowledge__ MD and DO physicians complete similar residency programs in hospitals, can be licensed in all 50 states, and have rights and responsibilities common to physicians.", "Comparison of MD and DO in the United States __knowledge__ Historically, MDs and DOs significantly differed in their approach to medical treatment.", "Comparison of MD and DO in the United States __knowledge__ Allopathic medicine was primarily based on scientific practices.", "Comparison of MD and DO in the United States __knowledge__ In contrast, osteopathic medicine was founded in the mid-nineteenth century on the premise of healing the body through osteopathic musculoskeletal manipulation.", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ The College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific (COMP) is a private, non-profit medical school for osteopathic medicine located in downtown Pomona, in the U.S. state of California.", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ The college opened in 1977 as the only osteopathic medical school west of the Rocky Mountains.", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ COMP was the founding program of Western University of Health Sciences (WesternU), which now has 8 colleges in addition to COMP, each offering professional degrees in various fields of healthcare.", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ COMP has a single 4-year program, conferring the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.)", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ degree.", "College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific __knowledge__ Graduates are eligible to practice medicine in all 50 states and more than 60 countries.", "Osteopathic medicine __knowledge__ Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession practiced primarily in the United States, but has also spread into other countries, notably Canada.", "Osteopathic medicine __knowledge__ The Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.)", "Osteopathic medicine __knowledge__ degree is equivalent to the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.)", "Osteopathic medicine __knowledge__ degree and allows medical doctors to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and is recognized in 65 other countries, including all Canadian provinces.", "Osteopathic medicine __knowledge__ The practice of osteopathic medicine was founded as osteopathy by frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still as a partial rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century including its frequent use of caustic and/or toxic medicinal substances and dangerous surgeries.", "Medical school __knowledge__ A medical school is a tertiary educational institution —or part of such an institution— that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians and surgeons.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MBChB, BMBS), Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO).", "Medical school __knowledge__ Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy, Master's degree, a physician assistant program, or other post-secondary education.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Medical schools can also carry out medical research and operate teaching hospitals.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Around the world, criteria, structure, teaching methodology, and nature of medical programs offered at medical schools vary considerably." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Osteopathic doctors (D.O.s) can become fully licensed physicians (medical doctors) able to practice medicine and surgery in all 50 states and are recognized in 65 other countries, including all Canadian provinces.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Frontier physician Andrew Taylor Still founded the profession as a rejection of the prevailing system of medical thought of the 19th century.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ Still's techniques relied on manipulation of joints and bones, to diagnose and treat illness, and he called his practices \"osteopathy\".", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ By the middle of the 20th century, the profession had moved closer to mainstream medicine, adopting modern public health and biomedical principles.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ American \"osteopaths\" became \"osteopathic medical doctors\", ultimately achieving full practice rights as medical doctors in all 50 states, including serving in the U.S. armed forces as physicians.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ The practice has been referred to as the new \"jazz of medicine\", a term coined by Dr. Wolfgang Gilliar, an osteopathic physician who is the Dean of New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ In modern medicine, any distinction between the M.D.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ and the D.O.", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States __knowledge__ professions has eroded steadily.", "Hamad Medical Corporation __knowledge__ Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), established by Emiri decree in 1979, is Qatar’s premier not-for-profit health care provider.", "Hamad Medical Corporation __knowledge__ Located in the State of Qatar, HMC manages eight hospitals and operates both the national ambulance service and a home healthcare service.", "Hamad Medical Corporation __knowledge__ HMC is the only healthcare organization outside the United States to receive simultaneous Joint Commission International (JCI) re-accreditation for all its hospitals and in 2011 the ambulance service and home healthcare service also received JCI accreditation.", "Hamad Medical Corporation __knowledge__ Opened in 1957, the Rumailah Hospital is a 644-bed hospital offering rehabilitative services for disabled adults, elderly people and handicapped children.", "Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke __knowledge__ The Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) is the public healthcare network in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, affiliated with the Université de Sherbrooke Faculty of Medecine.", "Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke __knowledge__ The CHUS offers general, specialized and sub-specialized medicine and is the teaching hospital in the administrative regions of Estrie, Centre-du-Québec, and the eastern portion of the Montérégie.", "Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke __knowledge__ It is also the center of reference in quaternary gamma knife radiosurgery for Quebec and Eastern Canada.", "Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke __knowledge__ With 6,244 employees, 649 doctors and pharmacists, and more than 3,700 students, the CHUS is an academic and economic hub in southeastern Quebec and is the second largest employer in the Estrie region.", "Medical school __knowledge__ A medical school is a tertiary educational institution —or part of such an institution— that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians and surgeons.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MBChB, BMBS), Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO).", "Medical school __knowledge__ Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy, Master's degree, a physician assistant program, or other post-secondary education.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Medical schools can also carry out medical research and operate teaching hospitals.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Around the world, criteria, structure, teaching methodology, and nature of medical programs offered at medical schools vary considerably.", "Dean Burke __knowledge__ Dean Burke is a Senate Republican in the 152nd Georgia General Assembly from Bainbridge, Georgia.", "Dean Burke __knowledge__ Burke was first elected Senator in the 2012 general election, and serves Georgia's 11th district—a constituency which includes Colquitt, Decatur, Early, Grady, Miller, and Seminole counties—with portions of Mitchell and Thomas counties as well.", "Dean Burke __knowledge__ Dean Burke graduated summa cum laude from Georgia Southwestern State University—going on to graduate from the Medical College of Georgia.", "Dean Burke __knowledge__ He then trained in specialized medicine at Mercer University's School of Medicine.", "Dean Burke __knowledge__ Burke is board certified and has been a practicing physician in Georgia for the past 28 years.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ The electromagnetic spectrum covers electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from below one hertz to above 10 hertz, corresponding to wavelengths from thousands of kilometers down to a fraction of the size of an atomic nucleus.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ This frequency range is divided into separate bands, and the electromagnetic waves within each frequency band are called by different names; beginning at the low frequency (long wavelength) end of the spectrum these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays at the high-frequency (short wavelength) end.", "Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim __knowledge__ Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim, (born in Latakia, Syria on 4 June 1956) is a scientist, researcher and author, who is an expert in agricultural science.", "Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim __knowledge__ Hakim has established Hakim's Center for Science and Creativity that funds the projects of young scientists and researchers.", "Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim __knowledge__ In 1977 Hakim graduated from Tishreen University with a science degree in agriculture.", "Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim __knowledge__ The following year Hakim began working at the university as an educator, teaching courses in plant breeding, seed production and testing, crop breeding, and medicinal and aromatic plants.", "Sawsan Abd-Elrahman Hakim __knowledge__ Hakim returned to college to receive a master's degree from ICARDA in 1992 and between 2005 and 2006, earned a practitioner/advanced practitioner degree in neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) from the American Board of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP).", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ Jinfeng District () is a district under the administration of Yinchuan city in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ It has a total area of 290 square kilometers, and, according to the 2010 China Census, a population of 282,554 people.", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ Jinfeng District has developed industry in recent years.", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ Industry in the district is divided into the New Material Industrial Park, the New High-Tech Industrial Park, the Specialized Medicine Industrial Park, and the Comprehensive Industrial Park.", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ The district forms one of the cores of Yinchuan's industrial economy.", "Jinfeng District __knowledge__ The district government is located on East Xinxia Road, and the district's postal code is 750011.", "Physical therapy __knowledge__ Physical therapy (PT), also known as physiotherapy, is one of the Allied health professions that, by using mechanical force and movements [Bio-mechanics or Kinesiology], Manual therapy, exercise therapy, and electrotherapy, remediates impairments and promotes mobility and function.", "Physical therapy __knowledge__ Physical therapy is used to improve a patient's quality of life through examination, diagnosis, prognosis, and physical intervention.", "Physical therapy __knowledge__ It is performed by physical therapists (known as physiotherapists in many countries).", "Physical therapy __knowledge__ In addition to clinical practice, other activities encompassed in the physical therapy profession include research, education, consultation, and administration.", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM; ) is a style of traditional medicine built on a foundation of more than 2,500 years of Chinese medical practice that includes various forms of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage (tui na), exercise (qigong), and dietary therapy, but recently also influenced by modern Western medicine.", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ TCM is widely used in Greater China (where it has long been the standard system of medicine), and is becoming increasingly popular and recognized worldwide (where it is primarily used as complementary alternative medicine approach).", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ One of the basic tenets of TCM is that \"the body's vital energy (\"chi\" or \"qi\") circulates through channels, called \"meridians,\" that have branches connected to bodily organs and functions.\"", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ Chiropractors primarily use manipulation (\"adjustment\") of the spine as a treatment.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ Such treatments trace back to ancient China, Greece and Egypt.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ It gained popularity in the late 19th century, with the development of osteopathic and chiropractic medicine in North America.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ Spinal manipulation (\"SMT\") became more popular in the 1980s.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ It includes manipulation and massage to \"adjust\" the spine and related tissues, and is a primary basis of chiropractic.", "Chiropractic treatment techniques __knowledge__ Systematic reviews have not found evidence that chiropractic manipulation is effective for any medical condition, with the possible exception of treatment for lower back pain.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull).", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ TMD is a symptom complex rather than a single condition, and it is thought to be caused by multiple factors.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ Hapkido ( , , also spelled hap ki do or hapki-do; from Korean \"hapgido\" ) is a highly eclectic Korean martial art.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It is a form of self-defense that employs joint locks, grappling, and throwing techniques similar to those of other martial arts, as well as kicks, punches, and other striking attacks.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It also teaches the use of traditional weapons, including knife, sword, rope, ssang juhl bong (nunchaku), cane (ji pang ee), short stick (dan bong), and middle-length staff (joong bong, gun (analogous to the Japanese jō), and bō (Japanese)), which vary in emphasis depending on the particular tradition examined." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6 ]

[ "Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession located in the United States. Are you familiar with this practice?", "The techniques involve the manipulation of bones and joints in order to diagnose and treat illnesses. ", "Yes. Osteopaths became medical doctors and thus achieved full practice rights as medical doctors in all states and they also service in the armed forces as physicians." ]

[ "Osteopathic medicine in the United States", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States", "Osteopathic medicine in the United States" ]

[ "Ultimate Fighting Championship\nI love the UFC. I was disappointed in the Derek Lewis vs. Francis Ngannou fight last weekend though.", "Same here. I was a little disappointed in the referring as well if I'm being honest. I'm tired of warnings for eye pokes. It should be an automatic point no matter what.", "Excuse me I meant \"refereeing*. Sorry about that. I agree with the gloves comment. I honestly like Joe Rogans idea. Have them fight on a basketball court with no gloves and allow 12 to 6 elbows again!", "Yea I know I was just playing, but it would be interesting to see people have like unlimited space and not be able to use the fence. I like the octagon but imagine a real fight where there is nothing to press your enemy up against." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The first event was held in 1993 at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The purpose of the early Ultimate Fighting Championship competitions was to identify the most effective martial art in a contest with minimal rules between competitors of different fighting disciplines like boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, sambo, wrestling, muay Thai, karate, and judo.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ In subsequent competitions, fighters began adopting effective techniques from more than one discipline, which indirectly helped create an entirely separate style of fighting known as present-day mixed martial arts.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Francis Ngannou (born September 5, 1986) is a Cameroonian-French professional mixed martial artist competing in the heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He is currently ranked the No.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ 1 contender by UFC and ESPN as of December 17, 2017.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He currently holds the record for highest punching power ever measured by the UFC, at 129,161 units.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He broke the previous record set by kickboxing champ Tyrone Spong which was at 114,000 units.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Ngannou was born and raised in the village of Batié, Cameroon.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Ngannou lived in poverty and had little formal education growing up.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ At 12 years old, Ngannou started working in a sand quarry in Batié because of a lack of funds.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ Stipe Miocic (; born August 19, 1982) is an American professional mixed martial artist of Croatian descent.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ He is currently signed to Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he competes in their heavyweight division and is the reigning champion since 2016.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ He has defended this championship three times, holding the record for most consecutive title defenses in the history of the UFC Heavyweight division.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ He is considered to be one of the greatest UFC heavyweight fighters of all time.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ Stipe Miocic was born and raised in Euclid, Ohio to Croatian parents.", "Stipe Miocic __knowledge__ His father Bojan Miočić originates from Rtina near the city of Zadar, while his mother Kathy from Cetingrad near Karlovac in Croatia.", "Alistair Overeem __knowledge__ Alistair Cees Overeem (, ;) is an English-born Dutch mixed martial artist and former kickboxer.", "Alistair Overeem __knowledge__ He is a former Strikeforce Heavyweight Champion, DREAM Interim Heavyweight Champion, K-1 World Grand Prix Champion, and is one of only two fighters to hold world titles in both MMA and K-1 kickboxing at the same time.", "Alistair Overeem __knowledge__ As of 9 December 2017, he is #2 in the official UFC heavyweight rankings.", "Alistair Overeem __knowledge__ He holds notable victories over six former UFC champions: Andrei Arlovski, Frank Mir, Brock Lesnar, Junior dos Santos, two victories over Vitor Belfort, along with two victories over Fabrício Werdum.", "Alistair Overeem __knowledge__ Overeem was born in Hounslow, England to a Jamaican father and a Dutch mother.", "UFC 215 __knowledge__ UFC 215: Nunes vs. Shevchenko 2 was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on September 9, 2017 at Rogers Place in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.", "UFC 215 __knowledge__ The promotion was initially planning a PPV event for August 19 at a venue to be in announced in the United States (presumably Seattle), possibly with UFC Flyweight Champion and Seattle-area resident Demetrious Johnson.", "UFC 215 __knowledge__ However, those plans were nixed on June 26, though an exact reason wasn’t given.", "UFC 215 __knowledge__ Therefore, an originally scheduled UFC 216 to be held at Rogers Place in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada on September 9 was renamed as UFC 215.", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ Andrei Valeryevich Arlovski (, , born February 4, 1979), nicknamed The Pitbull, is a Belarusian mixed martial artist, actor and former UFC Heavyweight Champion who currently fights in the UFC's Heavyweight division.", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ He has also competed for Strikeforce, WSOF, Affliction, EliteXC, ONE FC and M-1 Challenge.", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ As of July, 2017, Arlovski is #13 in the official UFC heavyweight rankings.", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ Arlovski was born in Babruisk, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (now Belarus).", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ When he was younger, bullies often picked on him and beat him up.", "Andrei Arlovski __knowledge__ In 1994, when he was 14 years old, he finally had enough and started lifting weights to put on muscle and, he hoped, to help him deal with these bullies.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ Junior dos Santos Almeida (; born January 30, 1984), better known as Junior Cigano, is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and a former UFC Heavyweight Champion.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ He is the #4 heavyweight in the world by Sherdog.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ Born into a poor family, Cigano was raised by a single mother.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ In order to help his family he started to work at the age of ten.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ He trained Capoeira throughout his teenage years before his first serious contact with martial arts happened at the age of 21, when he began training in Brazilian jiu-jitsu under Yuri Carlton.", "Junior dos Santos __knowledge__ After only six months of training, Cigano won a few jiu-jitsu tournaments in Salvador." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The first event was held in 1993 at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The purpose of the early Ultimate Fighting Championship competitions was to identify the most effective martial art in a contest with minimal rules between competitors of different fighting disciplines like boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, sambo, wrestling, muay Thai, karate, and judo.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ In subsequent competitions, fighters began adopting effective techniques from more than one discipline, which indirectly helped create an entirely separate style of fighting known as present-day mixed martial arts.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ A favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, he experienced a meteoric rise through the ranks during the war and commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ The name of Gough probably derives from the Welsh word \"coch\", meaning \"red\".", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ Before leaving England Gough's ancestors were clerics and clerks in Wiltshire, and the family settled in Ireland in the early 17th century, not as planters but in clerical positions.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ By the nineteenth century they were an Anglo-Irish family of the landed gentry settled at Gurteen, County Waterford, Ireland.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, (; 19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928), was a senior officer of the British Army.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ During the First World War he commanded the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front from late 1915 until the end of the war.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ He was commander during the Battle of the Somme, the battle with one of the highest casualties in British military history, the Third Battle of Ypres, the German Spring Offensive, and the Hundred Days Offensive, which led to the armistice of 11 November 1918.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ Although he had gained a favourable reputation during the immediate post-war years, with his funeral becoming a day of national mourning, Haig has since the 1960s become an object of criticism for his leadership during the First World War.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Pitch (or \"High Low Jack\") is an American trick-taking card game derived from the English game of All Fours (Seven Up).", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Historically, Pitch started as \"Blind All Fours\", a very simple All Fours variant that is still played in England as a pub game.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ The modern game involving a bidding phase and setting back a party's score if the bid is not reached came up in the middle of the 19th century and is more precisely known as Auction Pitch or Setback.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Whereas All Fours started as a two-player game, Pitch is most popular for three to five players.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Four can play individually or in fixed partnerships, depending in part on regional preferences.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Criticism of Facebook relates to how Facebook's market dominance have led to international media coverage and significant reporting of its shortcomings.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Notable issues include Internet privacy, such as its use of a widespread \"like\" button on third-party websites tracking users, possible indefinite records of user information, automatic facial recognition software, and its role in the workplace, including employer-employee account disclosure.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ The use of Facebook can have psychological effects, including feelings of jealousy and stress, a lack of attention, and social media addiction, in some cases comparable to drug addiction.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ Hem till Midgård (\"Home to Midgard\") is a Swedish sit-com which ran on TV4 in Sweden during 2003.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ The name is a pun of the classic Swedish TV-series \"Hem till byn\" as well as \"Emmerdale\" which is known as \"Hem till gården\" (\"Home to the farm\") in Sweden.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ The series was created and written by Per Simonsson, Fredde Granberg, Johan Petersson and Stefan Roos.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ The later three also (among others) starred in the show.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ In total 2 seasons of 12 episodes each were produced before the show was canceled.", "Hem till Midgård __knowledge__ The setting is 992 in Sweden, in a suburb of Birka called Midgård, which is the last village in Sweden where people still believe in the old Norse gods.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Jonathan Dwight Jones (born July 19, 1987) is an American mixed martial artist, who is a two-time Light Heavyweight Champion of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), having won the title in 2011, in addition to the interim title in 2016.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the greatest mixed martial artists of all time, Jones was ranked number one in the world during his championship reign and currently has the longest active winning streak in the UFC.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Jones won the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship in March 2011 at the age of 23, becoming the youngest champion in UFC history.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ He holds many UFC records in the light heavyweight division, including the most successful and consecutive title defenses, the most wins, the longest win streak and the most submission victories.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ Daniel Ryan Cormier (born March 20, 1979) is an American mixed martial artist and former Olympic wrestler.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ He is the current UFC Light Heavyweight Champion and is ranked as the fourth best pound-for-pound fighter in the UFC.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ Cormier was also the Strikeforce Heavyweight Grand Prix Champion and the King of the Cage Heavyweight Champion.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ With only one loss on his record, he is considered by many to be one of the greatest mixed martial artists of all time.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ Cormier is the son of Joseph and Audrey Cormier.", "Daniel Cormier __knowledge__ He has an older brother named Joseph, a sister named Felicia and a younger brother named Ferral.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Francis Ngannou (born September 5, 1986) is a Cameroonian-French professional mixed martial artist competing in the heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He is currently ranked the No.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ 1 contender by UFC and ESPN as of December 17, 2017.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He currently holds the record for highest punching power ever measured by the UFC, at 129,161 units.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ He broke the previous record set by kickboxing champ Tyrone Spong which was at 114,000 units.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Ngannou was born and raised in the village of Batié, Cameroon.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ Ngannou lived in poverty and had little formal education growing up.", "Francis Ngannou __knowledge__ At 12 years old, Ngannou started working in a sand quarry in Batié because of a lack of funds.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ Conor Anthony McGregor (born 14 July 1988) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist and boxer.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) lightweight champion and former featherweight champion.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor has also competed as a welterweight in mixed martial arts (MMA), and light middleweight in boxing.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is 2nd on the UFC's pound for pound rankings.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is the only fighter to be champion in two UFC divisions simultaneously: he defeated former featherweight champion José Aldo at UFC 194 in 13 seconds, which is the fastest UFC title fight victory, and won the UFC lightweight belt against former champion Eddie Alvarez at UFC 205.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ Alexander Lars-Åke Gustafsson is a Swedish professional mixed martial artist.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ He is currently signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) where he competes in their light heavyweight division.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ As of 20 July 2017, Gustafsson is the #1 ranked light heavyweight contender in official UFC rankings.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ Gustafsson started training MMA in 2006, and before that he trained in boxing which he started when he was around 10 years old.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ He won the national championship (youth-junior level) in 2003, at the age of 16.", "Alexander Gustafsson __knowledge__ In 2008-2009 he made a quick return to boxing, winning some amateur tournaments in Sweden and defeating the Swedish heavyweight boxing champion in an amateur fight.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The first event was held in 1993 at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The purpose of the early Ultimate Fighting Championship competitions was to identify the most effective martial art in a contest with minimal rules between competitors of different fighting disciplines like boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, sambo, wrestling, muay Thai, karate, and judo.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ In subsequent competitions, fighters began adopting effective techniques from more than one discipline, which indirectly helped create an entirely separate style of fighting known as present-day mixed martial arts.", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ A 12-6 elbow, referred to in commentary as a \"twelve to six elbow\" and officially \"downward elbow strikes\", is a strike used in the combat sport of mixed martial arts (MMA).", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ The name of the 12-6 elbow is based on the concept of a clock on the wall with the bringing of an elbow from straight up (12 o'clock) to straight down (6 o'clock).", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ 12-6 elbow strikes are illegal under the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts, defined as \"striking downwards using the point of the elbow\".", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ Such bans were justified for medical and safety reasons, due to the possibility of serious injuries to opponents that could result from their use.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Amateur boxing is both an Olympic and Commonwealth Games sport and is a common fixture in most international games—it also has its own World Championships.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is supervised by a referee over a series of one- to three-minute intervals called rounds.", "Boxing __knowledge__ The result is decided when an opponent is deemed incapable to continue by a referee, is disqualified for breaking a rule, resigns by throwing in a towel, or is pronounced the winner or loser based on the judges' scorecards at the end of the contest.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Joe Louis __knowledge__ Joseph Louis Barrow (May 13, 1914 – April 12, 1981), best known as Joe Louis and nicknamed the \"Brown Bomber\", was an American professional boxer who competed from 1934 to 1951.", "Joe Louis __knowledge__ He reigned as the world heavyweight champion from 1937 to 1949, and is considered to be one of the greatest heavyweights of all time.", "Joe Louis __knowledge__ Louis' championship reign lasted 140 consecutive months, during which he participated in 26 championship fights.", "Joe Louis __knowledge__ The 27th fight, against Ezzard Charles in 1950, was a challenge for Charles' heavyweight title and so is not included in Louis' reign.", "Joe Louis __knowledge__ Louis was victorious in 26 title defenses, second only to Julio César Chávez with 27.", "Glove __knowledge__ A glove (Middle English from Old English \"glof\") is a garment covering the whole hand.", "Glove __knowledge__ Gloves have separate sheaths or openings for each finger and the thumb; if there is an opening but no (or a short) covering sheath for each finger they are called fingerless gloves.", "Glove __knowledge__ Fingerless gloves having one large opening rather than individual openings for each finger are sometimes called gauntlets, though gauntlets are not necessarily fingerless.", "Glove __knowledge__ Gloves which cover the entire hand or fist but do not have separate finger openings or sheaths are called mittens.", "Glove __knowledge__ Mittens are warmer than other styles of gloves made of the same material because fingers maintain their warmth better when they are in contact with each other.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ From early in his career, Ali was known as an inspiring, controversial, and polarizing figure both inside and outside the ring.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Cassius Clay was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ At age 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and turned professional later that year.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ Phil Kwabina Davis (born September 25, 1984) is an American mixed martial artist who currently competes as a Light Heavyweight for Bellator MMA.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ Davis is the former Bellator Light Heavyweight Champion.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ Davis is currently ranked as the #4 Light Heavyweight in the world according to Sherdog.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ Davis was born and raised in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania with his two older brothers, Jeffery and John.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ He began wrestling when he was in the eighth grade and then attended Harrisburg High School where he was a four-year team captain and letterman, with a 112-17 career record.", "Phil Davis (fighter) __knowledge__ Davis also lettered in tennis and cross-country running.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Jonathan Dwight Jones (born July 19, 1987) is an American mixed martial artist, who is a two-time Light Heavyweight Champion of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), having won the title in 2011, in addition to the interim title in 2016.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the greatest mixed martial artists of all time, Jones was ranked number one in the world during his championship reign and currently has the longest active winning streak in the UFC.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ Jones won the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship in March 2011 at the age of 23, becoming the youngest champion in UFC history.", "Jon Jones __knowledge__ He holds many UFC records in the light heavyweight division, including the most successful and consecutive title defenses, the most wins, the longest win streak and the most submission victories.", "Lyoto Machida __knowledge__ Lyoto Carvalho Machida (; 町田龍太) (born May 30, 1978) is a professional mixed martial artist who currently competes in the middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.", "Lyoto Machida __knowledge__ Lyoto was born in Salvador, Brazil, as the third son of the highly ranked head of the Brazilian branch of the Japan Karate Association, Shotokan karate master Yoshizo Machida (町田嘉三).", "Lyoto Machida __knowledge__ Yoshizo moved to Brazil from Japan when he was 22 years old, where he met and married Lyoto's mother, Ana Claudia, who is of Portuguese and Italian descent.", "Lyoto Machida __knowledge__ Growing up in Belém, Lyoto began training in karate at the age of 3 and earned his black belt at the age of 13.", "UFC 140 __knowledge__ UFC 140: Jones vs. Machida was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on December 10, 2011 at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "UFC 140 __knowledge__ It was the penultimate event for the UFC in 2011.", "UFC 140 __knowledge__ The event featured eight bouts televised internationally, seven preliminary bouts aired on cable in the United States and Canada, and three preliminary bouts streamed live on Facebook.", "UFC 140 __knowledge__ In the co-main event, Frank Mir, who was the first man to knock out Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira at UFC 92, became the first man to submit Nogueira.", "UFC 140 __knowledge__ Mir accomplished the feat with a kimura that ultimately broke Nogueira's arm.", "Rashad Evans __knowledge__ Rashad Anton Evans (born September 25, 1979) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.", "Rashad Evans __knowledge__ A professional competitor since 2003, Evans was the Heavyweight winner of The Ultimate Fighter 2 and is also a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion.", "Rashad Evans __knowledge__ Wrestling out of Niagara-Wheatfield High School in Sanborn, New York, Evans twice made it to the state finals tournament of New York by winning his weight class for his county, in which he received All-State honors both times.", "Rashad Evans __knowledge__ In 1997 he placed 4th in the state at 145 pounds.", "Rashad Evans __knowledge__ In 1998 he placed 4th in the state at 171 pounds.", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ Anthony Kewoa Johnson (born March 6, 1984) is a retired American mixed martial artist who competed in the light heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ He was well known for his brutal knockout power and intimidating presence inside the octagon.", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ Before retiring, he was the No.1 ranked light heavyweight contender in official UFC rankings, and was ranked #2 in the world by Sherdog and ESPN.", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ He also had the most 'sub-minute' KO wins in UFC History with 5.", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ He appeared in the 2011 film \"Warrior\" as a fighter named Orlando \"Midnight\".", "Anthony Johnson (fighter) __knowledge__ Anthony Kewoa Johnson was born in Dublin, Georgia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The first event was held in 1993 at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The purpose of the early Ultimate Fighting Championship competitions was to identify the most effective martial art in a contest with minimal rules between competitors of different fighting disciplines like boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, sambo, wrestling, muay Thai, karate, and judo.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ In subsequent competitions, fighters began adopting effective techniques from more than one discipline, which indirectly helped create an entirely separate style of fighting known as present-day mixed martial arts.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ A 12-6 elbow, referred to in commentary as a \"twelve to six elbow\" and officially \"downward elbow strikes\", is a strike used in the combat sport of mixed martial arts (MMA).", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ The name of the 12-6 elbow is based on the concept of a clock on the wall with the bringing of an elbow from straight up (12 o'clock) to straight down (6 o'clock).", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ 12-6 elbow strikes are illegal under the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts, defined as \"striking downwards using the point of the elbow\".", "12-6 elbow __knowledge__ Such bans were justified for medical and safety reasons, due to the possibility of serious injuries to opponents that could result from their use.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ Conor Anthony McGregor (born 14 July 1988) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist and boxer.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) lightweight champion and former featherweight champion.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor has also competed as a welterweight in mixed martial arts (MMA), and light middleweight in boxing.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is 2nd on the UFC's pound for pound rankings.", "Conor McGregor __knowledge__ McGregor is the only fighter to be champion in two UFC divisions simultaneously: he defeated former featherweight champion José Aldo at UFC 194 in 13 seconds, which is the fastest UFC title fight victory, and won the UFC lightweight belt against former champion Eddie Alvarez at UFC 205.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "Joe Rogan __knowledge__ Joseph James Rogan (born August 11, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian, martial arts color commentator and podcast host.", "Joe Rogan __knowledge__ A fan of comedy since his youth, Rogan began a career in stand-up in August 1988 in the Boston area, developing a blue comedy act.", "Joe Rogan __knowledge__ He moved to New York City two years later.", "Joe Rogan __knowledge__ After relocating to Los Angeles in 1994, Rogan signed an exclusive developmental deal with Disney, appeared as an actor on the television sitcoms \"Hardball\" and \"NewsRadio\", and worked in local comedy clubs.", "Joe Rogan __knowledge__ In 1997, he started working for the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) as an interviewer and color commentator.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ \"The Huntington Beach Bad Boy\" Tito Ortiz vs. \"The World's Most Dangerous Man\" Ken Shamrock is a mixed martial arts trilogy and rivalry.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ It is regarded as one of the biggest feuds in MMA history.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ All three fights took place under Ultimate Fighting Championship in the United States.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ All three fights have ended in technical knockout with one of them having been for the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ At the first meeting at UFC 40, Ortiz won by technical knockout due to corner stoppage following the third round.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ By this victory he retained the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship.", "Tito Ortiz vs. Ken Shamrock __knowledge__ The second time, after The Ultimate Fighter 3, at UFC 61 Ortiz won the rematch by technical knockout at 1:18 in the very first round.", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ Jay Dee \"B.J.\"", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ Penn (born December 13, 1978) is an American professional mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner.", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ Penn debuted and competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), and later in K-1.", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ Prior to fighting for the UFC, he became the first American Gold medalist of the World Jiu-Jitsu Championship.", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ In mixed martial arts, Penn has competed in the Featherweight, Lightweight, Welterweight, and Middleweight divisions.", "B.J. Penn __knowledge__ As a former UFC Lightweight Champion and UFC Welterweight Champion, he is one of only four fighters in UFC history to win titles in multiple weight classes." ] ]

[ 12, 42, 1, 65 ]

[ "Dissapointed is putting it lightly, that was one of the worst fights I've ever had the displeasure of witnessing. Crazy to think that Ngannou was ranked the number 1 contender going into that fight. Happy for Daniel Cormier though.", "I agree it's getting too excessive, and former champ Jon Jones wasn't even in the main event. They should consider the PRIDE gloves that make it harder to eye poke.", "I'm not sure I would go as far as Rogan's idea, I kind of like the UFC organization's famous octagon. I do agree that the 12-6 elbow rule is crazy though.", "It's an interesting idea, but I feel like it would lead to more running away to try to not get taken down. Have you ever seen any of Joseph James Rogan's stand-up comedy acts?" ]

[ "Ultimate Fighting Championship", "Ultimate Fighting Championship", "Ultimate Fighting Championship", "Ultimate Fighting Championship" ]

[ "Urban agriculture", "Really, that sounds very unqiue, what exactly is an urban farm?", "I see, so it is more local than a farm out in the country and easier to access?", "Beekeeping sounds so scary! Are there ways to keep the bees from stinging?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These networks can evolve when receiving formal institutional support, becoming integrated into local town planning as a ‘transition town’ movement for sustainable urban development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the developing south, food security, nutrition, and income generation are key motivations for the practice.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In either case, more direct access to fresh vegetables, fruits, and meat products through urban agriculture can improve food security and food safety.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Community wastes were used in ancient Egypt to feed urban farming." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These networks can evolve when receiving formal institutional support, becoming integrated into local town planning as a ‘transition town’ movement for sustainable urban development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the developing south, food security, nutrition, and income generation are key motivations for the practice.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In either case, more direct access to fresh vegetables, fruits, and meat products through urban agriculture can improve food security and food safety.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Community wastes were used in ancient Egypt to feed urban farming.", "Gateway Greening __knowledge__ Gateway Greening is non-profit organization based in St. Louis, Missouri that works to educate and empower the community through gardening and urban agriculture.", "Gateway Greening __knowledge__ The organization operates demonstration and community resource gardens and an urban farm, hosts lectures and education programs, and supports school and community gardens throughout the City and St Louis County, Missouri.", "Gateway Greening __knowledge__ Founded by Sue Reed and Kitty Hoblitzelle in 1983, Gateway Greening began its life as an all-volunteer organization under the name Gateway to Gardening (GTG).", "Gateway Greening __knowledge__ These innovators noticed that in their surrounding neighborhoods more and more vacant lots seemed to be attracting unsavory activities.", "Occupy the Farm __knowledge__ Occupy the Farm is an ongoing social movement that started with the 2012 occupation of the Gill Tract in Albany, California, in protest of planned commercial development of public land and in support of preserving the land for the creation of an open center for urban agroecology and food sovereignty.", "Occupy the Farm __knowledge__ The occupation began on 22 April 2012 and ended on 14 May 2012.", "Occupy the Farm __knowledge__ A second occupation was launched on May 11, 2013 on the south end of the Gill Tract, which was slated for privatization and construction of a parking lot, a chain grocery store, and an exclusive senior's home twice dissolved by UCPD.", "Occupy the Farm __knowledge__ Eventually a community partnership with agroecology researchers at the College of Natural Resources for access to a portion of the Gill Tract was established.", "Urban agriculture in West Oakland __knowledge__ Urban agriculture in West Oakland involves the implementation of Urban agriculture in Oakland.", "Urban agriculture in West Oakland __knowledge__ Urban agriculture is defined by the United Nations Development Programme as \"the growing, processing, and distribution of food and other products through intensive plant cultivation and animal husbandry in and around cities.” A more extensive interpretation, which considers multiple aspects of the practice is described by The Council for Agriculture, Science and Technology as \"a complex system encompassing a spectrum of interests, from a traditional core of activities associated with the production, processing, marketing, distribution, and consumption, to a multiplicity of other benefits and services that are less widely acknowledged and documented.", "Community gardening in the United States __knowledge__ Community gardening in the United States encompasses a wide variety of approaches.", "Community gardening in the United States __knowledge__ Some influential community gardens, such as the La Plaza Cultural Community Garden in lower Manhattan in New York City, and the Peralta garden in Berkeley, California, inspired by architect and community garden visionary Karl Linn, are gathering places for neighbors and showcases for art and ecological awareness, with food production cherished but seen as one part of a much larger vision.", "Community gardening in the United States __knowledge__ Other gardens resemble European \"allotment\" gardens, with plots where individuals and families can grow vegetables and flowers, including a number (for instance, in Minneapolis and Ann Arbor, Michigan) which began as \"victory gardens\" during World War II.", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ Roxbury is a dissolved municipality and a currently officially recognized neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ Roxbury is one of 23 official neighborhoods of Boston used by the city for neighborhood services coordination.", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ The city asserts that Roxbury serves as the \"heart of Black culture in Boston.\"", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ Roxbury was one of the first towns founded in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630, and became a city in 1846 until annexed to Boston on January 5, 1868.", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ The original boundaries of the Town of Roxbury can be found in \"Drake's History of Roxbury and its noted Personages\".", "Roxbury, Boston __knowledge__ Those boundaries include the Christian Science Center, the Prudential Center (built on the old Roxbury Railroad Yards) and everything south and east of the Muddy River including Symphony Hall, Northeastern University, Boston Latin School, Madison Park Technical Vocational High School John D. O'Bryant School of Mathematics & Science, Roxbury Community College YMCA, Harvard Medical School and many hospitals and schools in the area.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ Freightliners City Farm is an urban farm located in Lower Holloway in the London Borough of Islington.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ It is the only urban farm in the borough.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ The City Farm movement provides opportunities for young people in an urban environment to see and interact with creatures they would not otherwise see.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ Freightliners is a community-organised charity, receiving funding both from the council and donations.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ Freightliners Farm was founded on former wasteland behind King's Cross station in 1973.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ The name was adopted because originally the animals were housed in railway goods vans.", "Freightliners City Farm __knowledge__ The Farm moved to its present site in 1978 and purpose-built farm buildings were erected in 1988." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These networks can evolve when receiving formal institutional support, becoming integrated into local town planning as a ‘transition town’ movement for sustainable urban development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the developing south, food security, nutrition, and income generation are key motivations for the practice.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In either case, more direct access to fresh vegetables, fruits, and meat products through urban agriculture can improve food security and food safety.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Community wastes were used in ancient Egypt to feed urban farming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it.", "Food security __knowledge__ There is evidence of granaries being in use over 10,000 years ago, with central authorities in civilizations including ancient China and ancient Egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.", "Food security __knowledge__ At the 1974 World Food Conference the term \"food security\" was defined with an emphasis on supply.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security, they said, is the \"availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices\".", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ In all areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the human rights record remained considerably poor, and numerous serious abuses were committed.", "Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Unlawful killings, disappearances, torture, rape, and arbitrary arrest and detention by security forces increased during the year, and the transitional government took few actions to punish violators.", "Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Harsh and life-threatening conditions in prison and detention facilities; prolonged pretrial detention; lack of an independent and effective judiciary; and arbitrary interference with privacy, family, and home also remained serious problems.", "Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Security forces continued to recruit and retain child soldiers and to compel forced labour by adults and children.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from July to September 2014.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukrainian government and anti-government pro-Russian separatists allegedly supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014) __knowledge__ The Ukrainian military renewed their attack to drive out pro-Russian rebels in the early morning, staging large-scale ground and air assaults in eastern Ukraine throughout the day.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014) __knowledge__ The Ukrainian military conducted heavy artillery barrages on the rebel-controlled city of Slovyansk.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014) __knowledge__ The villages of Stary-Karavan and Brusivka, south of Krasnyi Lyman, were brought back under government control.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from October to December 2014.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukrainian government and anti-government pro-Russian separatists allegedly supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ Donetsk city council reported the death of nine civilians and injuries on another 30 as a result of heavy shelling.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ One artillery round landed on a bus station in the district of Kiev, killing six people and wounding 25.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ Other three people were killed and five wounded when a school was hit in the same area.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2014) __knowledge__ Pro-Russian militias stormed Donetsk airport, briefly capturing two buildings in the airport terminal.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2015.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists allegedly supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ Three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in the past 24 hours in the Donbass region.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ Separatist troops fired 23 times on Ukrainian positions during the same period.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ Pro-Russian militias carried out small arms shootings and mortar attacks on the villages of Trokhizbenka, Nyzhnje, Avdiivka, Chermalyk, Nikyshyne, Petrovsky, Maiorsk and Shumiv.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2015) __knowledge__ One civilian was reported killed and two wounded when mortar rounds landed in Chernukhin.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ The Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) (, \"Ma‘rakat al-Mawṣil\"; , \"Şeriy Mûsil\") was a major military campaign launched by the Iraqi Government forces with allied militias, the Kurdistan Regional Government, and international forces to retake the city of Mosul from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), which had seized the city in June 2014.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ During the military intervention against ISIL, Iraqi and Peshmerga forces had already made unsuccessful attempts to retake the city in 2015 and again in 2016, despite limited gains.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ The offensive, dubbed Operation \"We Are Coming, Nineveh\" (; \"Qadimun Ya Naynawa\"), began on 16 October 2016, with forces besieging ISIL-controlled areas in the Nineveh Governorate surrounding Mosul, and continued with Iraqi troops and Peshmerga fighters engaging ISIL on three fronts outside Mosul, going from village to village in the surrounding area in the largest deployment of Iraqi troops since the 2003 invasion of Iraq.", "Town __knowledge__ A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city.", "Town __knowledge__ The size definition for what constitutes a \"town\" varies considerably in different parts of the world.", "Town __knowledge__ The word town shares an origin with the German word \"Zaun\", the Dutch word \"tuin\", and the Old Norse \"tun\".", "Town __knowledge__ The German word \"Zaun\" comes closest to the original meaning of the word: a fence of any material.", "Town __knowledge__ An early borrowing from Celtic *dunom (cf.", "Town __knowledge__ Old Irish dun, Welsh din \"fortress, fortified place, camp,\" dinas \"city\").", "Town __knowledge__ In English and Dutch, the meaning of the word took on the sense of the space which these fences enclosed.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2015) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 April 2015 to 30 June 2015.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2015) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists allegedly supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2015) __knowledge__ Four Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in action over the past 24 hours in the Donbass region.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2015) __knowledge__ The Ukrainian military reported 13 separatist attacks on Ukrainian troops last night.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2015) __knowledge__ The militias used automatic weapons and heavy mortars to harass Ukrainian positions in Leninske, Maiorsk and Troitske, in the area south of Artemivsk, and in Avdiivka, west of Donetsk city.", "History of Speyer __knowledge__ The history of Speyer begins with the establishment of a Roman camp in 10 BCE, making it one of Germany's oldest cities.", "History of Speyer __knowledge__ Its name evolved from Spira, first mentioned in 614.", "History of Speyer __knowledge__ As of 1294 a Free Imperial City, the town became renowned for its Romanesque cathedral, its vibrant Jewish community, its seat of the Imperial Chamber Court, for 50 diets that took place within its walls, most notably 1526 and 1529, and last but not least, for the Protestation at Speyer.", "History of Speyer __knowledge__ For several centuries from the Middle Ages into the early modern period, Speyer was one of the main centres of gravity of the Holy Roman Empire." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These networks can evolve when receiving formal institutional support, becoming integrated into local town planning as a ‘transition town’ movement for sustainable urban development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the developing south, food security, nutrition, and income generation are key motivations for the practice.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In either case, more direct access to fresh vegetables, fruits, and meat products through urban agriculture can improve food security and food safety.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Community wastes were used in ancient Egypt to feed urban farming.", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in man-made hives, by humans.", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order to collect their honey and other products that the hive produces (including beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly), to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers.", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or \"bee yard.\"", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ Depictions of humans collecting honey from wild bees date to 10,000 years ago.", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ Beekeeping in pottery vessels began about 9,000 years ago in North Africa.", "Beekeeping __knowledge__ Domestication is shown in Egyptian art from around 4,500 years ago.", "Bee __knowledge__ Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.", "Bee __knowledge__ Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea and are presently considered a clade, called Anthophila.", "Bee __knowledge__ There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees in seven recognized biological families.", "Bee __knowledge__ They are found on every continent except Antarctica, in every habitat on the planet that contains insect-pollinated flowering plants.", "Bee __knowledge__ Some species including honey bees, bumblebees, and stingless bees live socially in colonies.", "Colony collapse disorder __knowledge__ Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen.", "Colony collapse disorder __knowledge__ While such disappearances have occurred throughout the history of apiculture, and were known by various names (disappearing disease, spring dwindle, May disease, autumn collapse, and fall dwindle disease), the syndrome was renamed colony collapse disorder in late 2006 in conjunction with a drastic rise in the number of disappearances of western honey bee (\"Apis mellifera\") colonies in North America.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Urban beekeeping is the practice of keeping bee colonies in urban areas.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ It may also be referred to as hobby beekeeping or backyard beekeeping.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Bees from city apiaries are said to be \"healthier and more productive than their country cousins\".", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Their presence also provides cities with environmental and economic benefits.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Most cities in North America at one time prohibited the keeping of bees, but in recent years beekeepers have had success in overturning bee bans.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Bees pollinate a wide variety of plants, and the honey they produce is often sold to local restaurants and in local shops.", "Urban beekeeping __knowledge__ Many urban areas now regulate beekeeping, and while registering beehives is often mandatory, a high proportion of urban beekeepers fail to inform the city.", "Western honey bee __knowledge__ The western honey bee or European honey bee (\"Apis mellifera\") is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bee worldwide.", "Western honey bee __knowledge__ The genus name \"Apis\" is Latin for \"bee\", and \"mellifera\" is the Latin for \"honey-bearing\", referring to the species' production of honey for the winter.", "Western honey bee __knowledge__ Like all honey bees, the western honey bee is eusocial, creating colonies with a single fertile female (or \"queen\"), many sterile females or \"workers,\" and small proportion of fertile males or \"drones.\"", "Western honey bee __knowledge__ Individual colonies can house tens of thousands of bees.", "Western honey bee __knowledge__ Colony activities are organized by complex communication between individuals, through both pheromones and the dance language.", "Beehive __knowledge__ A beehive is an enclosed structure in which some honey bee species of the subgenus \"Apis\" live and raise their young.", "Beehive __knowledge__ Though the word beehive is commonly used to describe the nest of any bee colony, scientific and professional literature distinguishes nest from hive.", "Beehive __knowledge__ Nest is used to discuss colonies which house themselves in natural or artificial cavities or are hanging and exposed.", "Beehive __knowledge__ Hive is used to describe structures used by humans to house a honey bee nest.", "Beehive __knowledge__ Several species of \"Apis\" live in colonies, but only the western honey bee (\"Apis mellifera\") and the eastern honey bee (\"Apis cerana\") are kept in hives by humans.", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ Rami Ollaik (born 1972) is a Lebanese writer, political activist, attorney, and professor of beekeeping in the American University of Beirut (AUB).", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ He is also the founder of the Lebanon Ahead movement, and initiator of the 10 October Revolution.", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ He is best known for his autobiography, \"The Bees Road\" (\"طريق النحل\").", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ Ollaik was born in Khiam in southern Lebanon to a family with a heritage in beekeeping.", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Ollaik was recruited into Hezbollah and later on became the party's student representative at AUB.", "Rami Ollaik __knowledge__ Between 1992 and 1996, Ollaik played a crucial role in Hezbollah’s growing and controversial influence in AUB, and led the 10 October student protest of 1994.", "Vancouver Community Gardens __knowledge__ Vancouver Community Gardens are a locally based and community-minded form of agriculture that often takes place in urban areas.", "Vancouver Community Gardens __knowledge__ Vancouver citizens involved in Community Gardens pledge to support the farm (via money, land or labor) and in turn receive a portion of the goods produced for personal use.", "Vancouver Community Gardens __knowledge__ Vancouver has over 75 community gardens in city parks and school yards.", "Vancouver Community Gardens __knowledge__ The process of becoming a community garden involves an expression of interest application to the City of Vancouver.", "Vancouver Community Gardens __knowledge__ In order to be considered a community garden, the garden must used grow crops for personal use, there must be a community development program and must increase biological diversity and educate the local community about food production.", "Apiary __knowledge__ An apiary (also known as a bee yard) is a location where beehives of honey bees are kept.", "Apiary __knowledge__ Apiaries come in many sizes and can be rural or urban depending on the honey production operation.", "Apiary __knowledge__ Furthermore, an apiary may refer to a hobbyist's hives or those used for commercial or educational usage.", "Apiary __knowledge__ It can also be a wall-less, roofed structure, similar to a gazebo which houses hives.", "Apiary __knowledge__ Apiaries have been found in ancient Egypt prior to 2422 BCE where hives where constructed from moulded mud.", "Apiary __knowledge__ Throughout history apiaries and bees have been kept for honey and pollination purposes all across the globe.", "Apiary __knowledge__ Due to the definition of apiary as a location where hives are kept its history can be traced as far back as that of beekeeping itself.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ Michael S. Thompson is a beekeeper in Chicago.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson was a contributor to \"Thing Magazine\" in the early 1990s.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson grew up in Wichita, Kansas and became a bee-keeper when he was 12 years old, after his parents bought him a beehive.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ He moved to Chicago in 1968, and began beekeeping there in 1974.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ In 1975, he put a beehive on his roof in Chicago and was surprised at the amount of honey his urban beekeeping produced.", "Michael S. Thompson __knowledge__ In the summer of 2004, Thompson worked with two other beekeepers to start the Chicago Honey Co-op, which is dedicated to provide healthy food, passing down bee-keeping knowledge, and employing the formerly incarcerated.", "Apiary Laboratory __knowledge__ The Apiary Laboratory, more often referred to as the Apiary, is a research laboratory at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.", "Apiary Laboratory __knowledge__ Originally built for the study of honey bees and apiculture, today it is primarily used to study native pollinator species and the chemicals and pathogens impacting their populations.", "Apiary Laboratory __knowledge__ This academic building is unique in that it is credited as being the first in the United States to be erected exclusively for the teaching of beekeeping.", "Apiary Laboratory __knowledge__ Prior to the construction of the building, the Massachusetts Agricultural College had maintained a beekeeping program for a number of years as one of the first land-grant agricultural colleges to teach the subject in the United States.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ I Have a Bee (IHAB) is a worldwide organization established for hobby beekeepers.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ The organization hopes to deliver sustainable and long-term solutions to the pollinator decline through the hobby of beekeeping.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ Founded by Petar Petrov, Stefan Zlatev and Trifon Michailov 2014 in Bulgaria.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ The group has examined the roots of traditional beekeeping and found that, individual farms tended to keep only a few hives each.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ In contrary to today's commercial beekeeping model where a single beekeeper tends to hundreds of hives.", "I Have a Bee __knowledge__ The founders believe that this practice is the cause of the pollinator decline." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 10 ]

[ "I volunteer at an urban farm.", "It is around a village, town, or city.", "The one I work at has urban beekeeping also.", "You just have to maintain the honey bee colonies." ]

[ "Urban agriculture", "Urban agriculture", "Urban agriculture", "Urban agriculture" ]

[ "Neil deGrasse Tyson", "I have never heard of him", "what exactly is an astrophysicist", "Oh, ok, what is the Hayden Planetarium?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson (; born October 5, 1958) is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Since 1996, he has been the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ The center is part of the American Museum of Natural History, where Tyson founded the Department of Astrophysics in 1997 and has been a research associate in the department since 2003.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Born and raised in New York City, Tyson became interested in astronomy at the age of nine after a visit to the Hayden Planetarium.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science, where he was editor-in-chief of the \"Physical Science Journal\", he completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Harvard University in 1980.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After receiving a master's degree in astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, he earned his master's (1989) and doctorate (1991) in astrophysics at Columbia University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ For the next three years, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1994, he joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist and the Princeton faculty as a visiting research scientist and lecturer.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1996, he became director of the planetarium and oversaw its $210-million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson (; born October 5, 1958) is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Since 1996, he has been the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ The center is part of the American Museum of Natural History, where Tyson founded the Department of Astrophysics in 1997 and has been a research associate in the department since 2003.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Born and raised in New York City, Tyson became interested in astronomy at the age of nine after a visit to the Hayden Planetarium.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science, where he was editor-in-chief of the \"Physical Science Journal\", he completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Harvard University in 1980.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After receiving a master's degree in astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, he earned his master's (1989) and doctorate (1991) in astrophysics at Columbia University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ For the next three years, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1994, he joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist and the Princeton faculty as a visiting research scientist and lecturer.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1996, he became director of the planetarium and oversaw its $210-million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Rigoberto Alpizar (April 17, 1961 – December 7, 2005) was a Costa Rican-born United States citizen who was fatally shot at Miami International Airport by two United States Federal Air Marshals.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Alpizar lived in the central Florida town of Maitland and worked in the Paint Department of a Home Depot.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ He was supposed to fly with his wife, Anne Buechner, to Orlando, Florida, returning from a missionary trip to Quito, Ecuador.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ The shooting took place on a jetway.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Alpizar ran away from the aircraft and, Homeland Security officials maintain, claimed to have a bomb in his bag and then made a sudden movement toward it.", "Ervin Nyiregyházi __knowledge__ Ervin Nyiregyházi (January 19, 1903, BudapestApril 8, 1987, Los Angeles) was a Hungarian-born American pianist and composer.", "Ervin Nyiregyházi __knowledge__ After several years on the concert stage in the 1920s, he descended into relative obscurity before briefly reemerging in the 1970s.", "Ervin Nyiregyházi __knowledge__ His highly distinctive playing style, which has been seen by some as a link to the kind of Romantic pianism associated with Franz Liszt, divided critical opinion.", "Ervin Nyiregyházi __knowledge__ From ages six to twelve, Nyiregyházi was observed by the psychologist Géza Révész and was the subject of an article and a book, published in 1911 and 1916, respectively.", "Ervin Nyiregyházi __knowledge__ Nyiregyházi's father, Ignácz, was a singer in the Royal Opera Chorus in Budapest; he was also very encouraging and caring but died when Ervin was twelve.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 presidential campaign of Joe Biden, the longtime Senator from Delaware, announced his candidacy for President of the United States on the edition of January 7, 2007 of \"Meet the Press\".", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ He officially became a candidate on January 31, 2007 after filing papers with the Federal Elections Commission.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Biden had previously run for president in 1988, but failed to receive the nomination of the Democratic Party.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ If elected, Biden would have been the first sitting Senator and Roman Catholic to become president since John F. Kennedy, and the first President to be born during World War II.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ (b.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ 1942) During the campaign, Biden focused on his plan to achieve political success in the Iraq War through a system of federalization.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Crybaby Bridge is a nickname given to some bridges in the United States.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ The name often reflects an urban legend that the sound of a baby can be, or has been, heard from the bridge.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Many are also accompanied by an urban legend relating to a baby or young child/children.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ There is an alleged \"Crybaby\" bridge in Blackstone, Virginia.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ The story goes that some children died around the bridge (accounts vary as to whether their death was accidental or intentional), and that at night their cries can be heard and a woman can be seen walking along the edge of the woods.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Other phenomena reported include footsteps and the feeling of an 'evil presence.'", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein (; ) was a Russian pianist, composer and conductor who became a pivotal figure in Russian culture when he founded the Saint Petersburg Conservatory.", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ He was the elder brother of Nikolai Rubinstein who founded the Moscow Conservatory.", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ As a pianist, Rubinstein ranks among the great 19th-century keyboard virtuosos.", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ He became most famous for his series of historical recitals—seven enormous, consecutive concerts covering the history of piano music.", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ Rubinstein played this series throughout Russia and Eastern Europe and in the United States when he toured there.", "Anton Rubinstein __knowledge__ Although best remembered as a pianist and educator (most notably in the latter as the composition teacher of Tchaikovsky), Rubinstein was also a prolific composer throughout much of his life.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The Symphony of Science is a music project created by Washington-based electronic musician John D. Boswell.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The project seeks to \"spread scientific knowledge and philosophy through musical remixes.\"", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ Boswell uses pitch-corrected audio and video samples from television programs featuring popular scientists and educators.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The audio and video clips are mixed into digital mashups and scored with Boswell's original compositions.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ Two of Boswell's music videos, \"A Glorious Dawn\" and \"We are All Connected\", feature appearances from Carl Sagan, Richard Feynman, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Bill Nye, and Stephen Hawking.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ The Starmus International Festival is an international gathering focused on celebrating astronomy, space exploration, music, art, and allied sciences such as biology and chemistry.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ It was founded by Garik Israelian, an astronomer at the Institute for Astrophysics in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ The Festival has featured Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking, Alexei Leonov, Jim Lovell, Brian May, Jill Tarter, Kip Thorne, and Rick Wakeman among others.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ In 2007 Brian May, founding guitarist of the rock band Queen, completed his PhD dissertation, which was left unfinished in 1974 when Queen began to achieve significant success.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA is a campaign run by the Space Advocates nonprofit, a nonpartisan organization seeking to promote the expansion of funding for the economic, scientific and cultural value of the United States' national space program by advocating an increase in the budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to at least one percent of the United States Federal Budget.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA also attempts to promote public awareness of the NASA mission and budget, and has produced a series of outreach videos, as well as performing educational outreach via social media.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA is a campaign of Space Advocates, an initiative founded by John Zeller in 2012, and proposes an increase in the budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to promote the scientific and technological goals of the space agency.", "13123 Tyson __knowledge__ 13123 Tyson, provisional designation , is a stony Phocaea asteroid and an asynchronous binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter.", "13123 Tyson __knowledge__ It was discovered on May 16, 1994, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker and Canadian astronomer David Levy at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States.", "13123 Tyson __knowledge__ The asteroid was named for Neil deGrasse Tyson, American astrophysicist and popular science communicator.", "13123 Tyson __knowledge__ The stony S-type asteroid is a member of the Phocaea family (), a rather small group of asteroids with similar orbital characteristics, named after its largest member, 25 Phocaea.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ \"Standing Up in the Milky Way\" is the first aired episode of the American documentary television series \"\".", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ It premiered on March 9, 2014, simultaneously on various Fox television networks, including National Geographic Channel, FX, Fox Life, and others.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ The episode is presented by the series host astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, directed by Brannon Braga, produced by Livia Hanich and Steven Holtzman, and written by Ann Druyan and Steven Soter.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ The series represents a follow-up of the 1980s television series \"\" by Carl Sagan., also hosted by Tyson, and explores astronomy, space and time, astrophysics, biology, and other diverse areas of science.", "Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey __knowledge__ Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey is a 2014 American science documentary television series.", "Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey __knowledge__ The show is a follow-up to the 1980 television series \"\", which was presented by Carl Sagan on the Public Broadcasting Service and is considered a milestone for scientific documentaries.", "Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey __knowledge__ This series was developed to bring back the foundation of science to network television at the height of other scientific-based television series and films.", "Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey __knowledge__ The show is presented by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, who, as a young high school student, was inspired by Sagan.", "Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey __knowledge__ Among the executive producers are Seth MacFarlane, whose financial investment was instrumental in bringing the show to broadcast television, and Ann Druyan, a co-author and co-creator of the original television series and Sagan's wife." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson (; born October 5, 1958) is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Since 1996, he has been the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ The center is part of the American Museum of Natural History, where Tyson founded the Department of Astrophysics in 1997 and has been a research associate in the department since 2003.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Born and raised in New York City, Tyson became interested in astronomy at the age of nine after a visit to the Hayden Planetarium.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science, where he was editor-in-chief of the \"Physical Science Journal\", he completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Harvard University in 1980.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After receiving a master's degree in astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, he earned his master's (1989) and doctorate (1991) in astrophysics at Columbia University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ For the next three years, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1994, he joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist and the Princeton faculty as a visiting research scientist and lecturer.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1996, he became director of the planetarium and oversaw its $210-million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000.", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ The B612 Foundation is a private nonprofit foundation headquartered in Mill Valley, California, United States, dedicated to planetary defense against asteroids and other near-Earth object (NEO) impacts.", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ It is led mainly by scientists, former astronauts and engineers from the Institute for Advanced Study, Southwest Research Institute, Stanford University, NASA and the space industry.", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ As a non-governmental organization it has conducted two lines of related research to help detect NEOs that could one day strike the Earth, and find the technological means to divert their path to avoid such collisions.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ This is a list of notable Puerto Rican scientists involved in the United States Space Program, also known as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and their contributions to said program.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ This list is not limited to Puerto Ricans born in Puerto Rico, it also includes people of Puerto Rican descent born elsewhere.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ According to an article written by Margarita Santori Lopez for the official newspaper of the University of Puerto Rico's Mayagüez Campus, \"Prensa RUM\", as of 2003, of the 114 Hispanics working at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, 70 were Puerto Ricans or of Puerto Rican descent.", "Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics __knowledge__ The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics is a Max Planck Institute, located in Garching, near Munich, Germany.", "Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics __knowledge__ In 1991 the Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics split up into the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, the Max Planck Institute for Physics and the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics.", "Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics __knowledge__ The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics was founded as sub-institute in 1963.", "Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics __knowledge__ The scientific activities of the institute are mostly devoted to astrophysics with telescopes orbiting in space.", "Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics __knowledge__ A large amount of the resources are spent for studying black holes in the galaxy and in the remote universe.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ The Musin-Pushkin House is an historic building in Saint Petersburg, located at number 104 on the Moyka River Embankment.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ It is also known as “A.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ I. Musin-Pushkin’s House”, and was built during the 18th and 19th centuries.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ The building's present appearance dates from 1848.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ The first known owner of the site was State Councillor Anisim Semenovich Maslov, the chief procurator of the Senate.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ The site was later owned by Frantz Volodimerovich Gardner – a merchant who owned a rope factory in the Vyborgskaya Storona district of the city.", "Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg) __knowledge__ In September 1755 the house was acquired by Nikita Akinfiyevich Demidov – a wealthy metal-industry entrepreneur who owned factories in Nizhny Tagil – from Gardner’s widow.", "PicSat __knowledge__ PicSat is a French nano-satellite, a CubeSat made of 3 units (3U), designed to measure the transit of the planet Beta Pictoris b in front of its star Beta Pictoris.", "PicSat __knowledge__ PicSat was designed and built by a small team of scientists and engineers lead by Dr. Sylvestre Lacour, astrophysicist and instrumentalist at the High Angular Resolution in Astrophysics group of the LESIA laboratory at the Paris Observatory / PSL Research University / CNRS.", "PicSat __knowledge__ With an age of about 23 million years, Beta Pictoris is a very young star, astronomically speaking.", "PicSat __knowledge__ Compared to the Sun, which is halfway through its adult life at 4.5 billion years, Beta Pictoris is about twice the mass and twice the size.", "Physics and Star Wars __knowledge__ The space opera interstellar epic \"Star Wars\" uses science and technology in its settings and storylines.", "Physics and Star Wars __knowledge__ The series has showcased many technological concepts, both in the movies and in the expanded universe of novels, comics and other forms of media.", "Physics and Star Wars __knowledge__ The \"Star Wars\" movies' primary objective is to build upon drama, philosophy, political science and less on scientific knowledge.", "Physics and Star Wars __knowledge__ Many of the on-screen technologies created or borrowed for the \"Star Wars\" universe were used mainly as plot devices.", "Physics and Star Wars __knowledge__ The iconic status that \"Star Wars\" has gained in popular culture and science fiction allows it to be used as an accessible introduction to real scientific concepts.", "Doppelgänger (1969 film) __knowledge__ Doppelgänger is a 1969 British science fiction film directed by Robert Parrish and starring Roy Thinnes, Ian Hendry, Lynn Loring and Patrick Wymark.", "Doppelgänger (1969 film) __knowledge__ Outside Europe, it is known as Journey to the Far Side of the Sun, which is now the more popular title.", "Doppelgänger (1969 film) __knowledge__ In the film, a joint European-NASA mission to investigate a planet in a position parallel to Earth, behind the Sun, ends in disaster with the death of one of the astronauts (Hendry).", "Doppelgänger (1969 film) __knowledge__ His colleague (Thinnes) discovers that the planet is a mirror image of Earth.", "Doppelgänger (1969 film) __knowledge__ The first major live-action film of Century 21 writers-producers Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, noted for \"Thunderbirds\" and other 1960s \"Supermarionation\" puppet television series, shooting for \"Doppelgänger\" ran from July to October 1968.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The Rose Center for Earth and Space is a part of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The Center's complete name is The Frederick Phineas and Sandra Priest Rose Center for Earth and Space.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The main entrance is located on the northern side of the museum on 81st Street near Central Park West in Manhattan's Upper West Side.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ Completed in 2000, it includes the new Hayden Planetarium, the original of which was opened in 1935 and closed in 1997.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson is its first and, , only director.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The center is an extensive reworking of the former Hayden Planetarium, whose first projector, dedicated in 1935, had 2 successors previous to the current one.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH), located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is one of the largest museums in the world.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ Located in Theodore Roosevelt Park across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 28 interconnected buildings housing 45 permanent exhibition halls, in addition to a planetarium and a library.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The museum collections contain over 33 million specimens of plants, animals, fossils, minerals, rocks, meteorites, human remains, and human cultural artifacts, of which only a small fraction can be displayed at any given time, and occupies more than .", "Planetarium __knowledge__ A planetarium (plural \"planetaria\" or \"planetariums\") is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky, or for training in celestial navigation.", "Planetarium __knowledge__ A dominant feature of most planetaria is the large dome-shaped projection screen onto which scenes of stars, planets and other celestial objects can be made to appear and move realistically to simulate the complex 'motions of the heavens'.", "Planetarium __knowledge__ The celestial scenes can be created using a wide variety of technologies, for example precision-engineered 'star balls' that combine optical and electro-mechanical technology, slide projector, video and fulldome projector systems, and lasers.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ George Clyde Fisher (May 22, 1878 – January 7, 1949), known as Clyde Fisher, was a curator at the American Museum of Natural History and later the head of the Hayden Planetarium.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ George Clyde Fisher was born on May 22, 1878, near Sidney, Ohio, the son of Harrison Fisher, a farmer.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He attended public schools and later enrolled at Ohio Normal University.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He graduated from Miami University with a bachelor of arts degree in 1905, and for two years just after graduation he was a science teacher at Troy High School (Troy, Ohio).", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He was the principal of Palmer College Academy in 1907–1909 and acting president in 1909–10, after which he went back to school and earned a Ph.D. degree in botany from Johns Hopkins University.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ The McLaughlin Planetarium is a former working planetarium whose building occupies a space immediately to the south of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, at 100 Queen's Park.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ Founded by a grant from philanthropist Colonel R. Samuel McLaughlin, the facility was opened to the public on October 26, 1968.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ It had, for its time, a state-of-the-art electro-mechanical Zeiss planetarium projector that was used to project regular themed shows about the stars, planets, and cosmology for visitors.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ By the 1980s the planetarium's sound-system and domed ceiling were used to display dazzling music-themed laser-light shows.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Charles Hayden (July 8, 1870 – January 8, 1937) was an American banker, businessman, financier and philanthropist.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ He was the senior partner of Hayden, Stone & Co. and his influence was such that James W. Gerard listed him among those \"who are too busy to hold political office, but determine who shall.\"", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Noted contributions bearing his name include the Hayden Planetarium in New York, the Charles Hayden Planetarium at Boston's Museum of Science, and the Charles Hayden Foundation.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Instrumental in the financing of Arizona copper mines and smelters, the smelting community of Hayden, Arizona was named for him." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson (; born October 5, 1958) is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Since 1996, he has been the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ The center is part of the American Museum of Natural History, where Tyson founded the Department of Astrophysics in 1997 and has been a research associate in the department since 2003.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ Born and raised in New York City, Tyson became interested in astronomy at the age of nine after a visit to the Hayden Planetarium.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science, where he was editor-in-chief of the \"Physical Science Journal\", he completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Harvard University in 1980.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ After receiving a master's degree in astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, he earned his master's (1989) and doctorate (1991) in astrophysics at Columbia University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ For the next three years, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1994, he joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist and the Princeton faculty as a visiting research scientist and lecturer.", "Neil deGrasse Tyson __knowledge__ In 1996, he became director of the planetarium and oversaw its $210-million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The Rose Center for Earth and Space is a part of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The Center's complete name is The Frederick Phineas and Sandra Priest Rose Center for Earth and Space.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The main entrance is located on the northern side of the museum on 81st Street near Central Park West in Manhattan's Upper West Side.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ Completed in 2000, it includes the new Hayden Planetarium, the original of which was opened in 1935 and closed in 1997.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ Neil deGrasse Tyson is its first and, , only director.", "Rose Center for Earth and Space __knowledge__ The center is an extensive reworking of the former Hayden Planetarium, whose first projector, dedicated in 1935, had 2 successors previous to the current one.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH), located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is one of the largest museums in the world.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ Located in Theodore Roosevelt Park across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 28 interconnected buildings housing 45 permanent exhibition halls, in addition to a planetarium and a library.", "American Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The museum collections contain over 33 million specimens of plants, animals, fossils, minerals, rocks, meteorites, human remains, and human cultural artifacts, of which only a small fraction can be displayed at any given time, and occupies more than .", "Planetarium __knowledge__ A planetarium (plural \"planetaria\" or \"planetariums\") is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky, or for training in celestial navigation.", "Planetarium __knowledge__ A dominant feature of most planetaria is the large dome-shaped projection screen onto which scenes of stars, planets and other celestial objects can be made to appear and move realistically to simulate the complex 'motions of the heavens'.", "Planetarium __knowledge__ The celestial scenes can be created using a wide variety of technologies, for example precision-engineered 'star balls' that combine optical and electro-mechanical technology, slide projector, video and fulldome projector systems, and lasers.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ George Clyde Fisher (May 22, 1878 – January 7, 1949), known as Clyde Fisher, was a curator at the American Museum of Natural History and later the head of the Hayden Planetarium.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ George Clyde Fisher was born on May 22, 1878, near Sidney, Ohio, the son of Harrison Fisher, a farmer.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He attended public schools and later enrolled at Ohio Normal University.", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He graduated from Miami University with a bachelor of arts degree in 1905, and for two years just after graduation he was a science teacher at Troy High School (Troy, Ohio).", "George Clyde Fisher __knowledge__ He was the principal of Palmer College Academy in 1907–1909 and acting president in 1909–10, after which he went back to school and earned a Ph.D. degree in botany from Johns Hopkins University.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ The McLaughlin Planetarium is a former working planetarium whose building occupies a space immediately to the south of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, at 100 Queen's Park.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ Founded by a grant from philanthropist Colonel R. Samuel McLaughlin, the facility was opened to the public on October 26, 1968.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ It had, for its time, a state-of-the-art electro-mechanical Zeiss planetarium projector that was used to project regular themed shows about the stars, planets, and cosmology for visitors.", "McLaughlin Planetarium __knowledge__ By the 1980s the planetarium's sound-system and domed ceiling were used to display dazzling music-themed laser-light shows.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Charles Hayden (July 8, 1870 – January 8, 1937) was an American banker, businessman, financier and philanthropist.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ He was the senior partner of Hayden, Stone & Co. and his influence was such that James W. Gerard listed him among those \"who are too busy to hold political office, but determine who shall.\"", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Noted contributions bearing his name include the Hayden Planetarium in New York, the Charles Hayden Planetarium at Boston's Museum of Science, and the Charles Hayden Foundation.", "Charles Hayden (banker) __knowledge__ Instrumental in the financing of Arizona copper mines and smelters, the smelting community of Hayden, Arizona was named for him.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The Symphony of Science is a music project created by Washington-based electronic musician John D. Boswell.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The project seeks to \"spread scientific knowledge and philosophy through musical remixes.\"", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ Boswell uses pitch-corrected audio and video samples from television programs featuring popular scientists and educators.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ The audio and video clips are mixed into digital mashups and scored with Boswell's original compositions.", "Symphony of Science __knowledge__ Two of Boswell's music videos, \"A Glorious Dawn\" and \"We are All Connected\", feature appearances from Carl Sagan, Richard Feynman, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Bill Nye, and Stephen Hawking.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ The Starmus International Festival is an international gathering focused on celebrating astronomy, space exploration, music, art, and allied sciences such as biology and chemistry.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ It was founded by Garik Israelian, an astronomer at the Institute for Astrophysics in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ The Festival has featured Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking, Alexei Leonov, Jim Lovell, Brian May, Jill Tarter, Kip Thorne, and Rick Wakeman among others.", "Starmus Festival __knowledge__ In 2007 Brian May, founding guitarist of the rock band Queen, completed his PhD dissertation, which was left unfinished in 1974 when Queen began to achieve significant success.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA is a campaign run by the Space Advocates nonprofit, a nonpartisan organization seeking to promote the expansion of funding for the economic, scientific and cultural value of the United States' national space program by advocating an increase in the budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to at least one percent of the United States Federal Budget.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA also attempts to promote public awareness of the NASA mission and budget, and has produced a series of outreach videos, as well as performing educational outreach via social media.", "Penny4NASA __knowledge__ Penny4NASA is a campaign of Space Advocates, an initiative founded by John Zeller in 2012, and proposes an increase in the budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to promote the scientific and technological goals of the space agency.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ \"Standing Up in the Milky Way\" is the first aired episode of the American documentary television series \"\".", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ It premiered on March 9, 2014, simultaneously on various Fox television networks, including National Geographic Channel, FX, Fox Life, and others.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ The episode is presented by the series host astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, directed by Brannon Braga, produced by Livia Hanich and Steven Holtzman, and written by Ann Druyan and Steven Soter.", "Standing Up in the Milky Way __knowledge__ The series represents a follow-up of the 1980s television series \"\" by Carl Sagan., also hosted by Tyson, and explores astronomy, space and time, astrophysics, biology, and other diverse areas of science.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ The Science Network (TSN) is a non-profit virtual forum dedicated to science and its impact on society.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ Initially conceived in 2003 by Roger Bingham and Terry Sejnowski as a cable science network, TSN would soon become a global digital platform.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ TSN currently offers free access to over 1100 videos.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ of lectures from scientific meetings and long form one-on-one conversations with prominent scientists and communicators of science, including Neil deGrasse Tyson, V.S.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ Ramachandran, Helen S. Mayberg, and Barbara Landau, on topics including education, aging, neuroscience, and stem cells.", "The Science Network __knowledge__ As part of its mission, TSN has also sponsored and co-sponsored scientific forums, such as the landmark Symposium and Town Hall meeting, \"Stem cells: science, ethics and politics at the crossroads\", held at the Salk Institute in 2004 and the \"Beyond Belief\" conference series.", "Science Writing Award __knowledge__ The American Institute of Physics (AIP) instituted their Science Writing Award to \"promote effective science communication in print and broadcast media in order to improve the general public's appreciation of physics, astronomy, and allied science fields.\"", "Science Writing Award __knowledge__ The winner receives $3000, and an engraved Windsor Chair.", "Science Writing Award __knowledge__ The awards is given in three broad categories: 1) science writing, 2) work intended for children, and 3) work done in new media.", "Science Writing Award __knowledge__ The AIP stopped issuing awards to three categories: 1) work by a professional journalist (last awarded in 2011) 2) work by a scientist (last awarded in 2009), and 3) broadcast media (last awarded in 2009) Notable winners of this Science Writing Award include Nobel Prize winners Charles Townes and Steven Weinberg; other notables winners include Simon Singh, Neil DeGrasse Tyson, Lawrence Krauss, John Wheeler, Kip Thorne, Leonard Susskind, Clifford Martin Will, Abraham Pais, Heinz Pagels, Banesh Hoffmann, and Martin Gardner." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 19 ]

[ "Neil Degrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, have you heard of him? ", "Oh he is really cool, Since 1996, he has been the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium. He also hosted Cosmos.", "They are those that have a degree in astronomy. For example,Neil Degrasse Tyson received a master's degree in astronomy", "A planetarium is a theatre built for presenting shows about astronomy. The hayden planetarium is in Los Angeles." ]

[ "Neil deGrasse Tyson", "Neil deGrasse Tyson", "Neil deGrasse Tyson", "Neil deGrasse Tyson" ]

[ "Beadwork", "oh wow that's awesome what can you make?", "what is a loom?", "oh wow that's awesome does it take a long time" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another by stringing them with a sewing needle or beading needle and thread or thin wire, or sewing them to cloth.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads come in a variety of materials, shapes and sizes.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used to create jewelry or other articles of personal adornment; they are also used in wall hangings and sculpture and many other artworks.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, and bead knitting.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads, made of durable materials, survive in the archaeological record appearing with the very advent of modern man, \"Homo sapiens\".", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used for religious purposes, as good luck talismans, for barter, and as curative agents.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Modern beadwork is often used as a creative hobby to create jewelry, handbags, coasters, plus dozens of other crafts, and even copies of paintings.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are available in many different designs, sizes, colors, shapes, and materials, allowing much variation among bead artisans and projects.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Simple projects can be created in less than an hour by novice beaders, while complex beadwork may take weeks of meticulous work with specialized tools and equipment.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Many free patterns and tutorials can be found in Internet." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another by stringing them with a sewing needle or beading needle and thread or thin wire, or sewing them to cloth.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads come in a variety of materials, shapes and sizes.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used to create jewelry or other articles of personal adornment; they are also used in wall hangings and sculpture and many other artworks.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, and bead knitting.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads, made of durable materials, survive in the archaeological record appearing with the very advent of modern man, \"Homo sapiens\".", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used for religious purposes, as good luck talismans, for barter, and as curative agents.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Modern beadwork is often used as a creative hobby to create jewelry, handbags, coasters, plus dozens of other crafts, and even copies of paintings.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are available in many different designs, sizes, colors, shapes, and materials, allowing much variation among bead artisans and projects.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Simple projects can be created in less than an hour by novice beaders, while complex beadwork may take weeks of meticulous work with specialized tools and equipment.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Many free patterns and tutorials can be found in Internet.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas encompasses the visual artistic traditions of the indigenous peoples of the Americas from ancient times to the present.", "Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ These include works from South America, Mesoamerica, North America including Greenland, as well as Siberian Yup'ik peoples who have great cultural overlap with Native Alaskan Yup'iks.", "Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ In North America, the Lithic stage or Paleo-Indian period is defined as approximately 18,000–8000 BCE.", "Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ The period from around 8000–800 BCE is generally referred to as the Archaic period.", "Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ The production of bannerstones, Projectile point, Lithic reduction styles and pictographic cave paintings are some of the art that remains from this time period.", "Xhosa people __knowledge__ The Xhosa people ( or ; ) are a Bantu ethnic group of Southern Africa mainly found in the Eastern and Western Cape, South Africa, and in the last two centuries throughout the southern and central-southern parts of the country.", "Xhosa people __knowledge__ There is a small but significant Xhosa (Mfengu) community in Zimbabwe, where their language, Xhosa, is recognised as a national language.", "Xhosa people __knowledge__ The Xhosa people are divided into several tribes with related yet distinct heritages.", "Xhosa people __knowledge__ The main tribes are AmaGcaleka, AmaRharhabe, ImiDange, ImiDushane, and AmaNdlambe.", "Xhosa people __knowledge__ In addition, there are other tribes found near or amongst the Xhosa people such as AbaThembu, AmaBhaca, AbakoBhosha and AmaQwathi that are distinct and separate tribes which have adopted the Xhosa language and the Xhosa way of life.", "Native American jewelry __knowledge__ Native American jewelry refers to items of personal adornment, whether for personal use, sale or as art; examples of which include necklaces, earrings, bracelets, rings and pins, as well as ketohs, wampum, and labrets, made by one of the Indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native American jewelry __knowledge__ Native American jewelry normally reflects the cultural diversity and history of its makers, but tribal groups have often borrowed and copied designs and methods from other, neighboring tribes or nations with which they had trade, and this practice continues today.", "Native American jewelry __knowledge__ Native American tribes continue to develop distinct aesthetics rooted in their personal artistic visions and cultural traditions.", "Bead stringing __knowledge__ Bead stringing is the putting of beads on string.", "Bead stringing __knowledge__ It can range from simply sliding a single bead onto any thread-like medium (string, silk thread, leather thong, thin wire, multi-stranded beading wire, or a soft, flexible wire) to complex creations that have multiple strands or interwoven levels.", "Bead stringing __knowledge__ The choice of stringing medium can be an important point in the overall design, since string-type mediums might be subject to unwanted stretching if the weight of the beads is considerable.", "Bead stringing __knowledge__ Similarly, certain bead types with sharp edges, such as hollow metal beads or some varieties of stone or glass, might abrade the string and cause the strand to eventually break.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Bead __knowledge__ A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and sizes of a material such as stone, bone, shell, glass, plastic, wood or pearl and with a small hole for threading or stringing.", "Bead __knowledge__ Beads range in size from under to over in diameter.", "Bead __knowledge__ A pair of beads made from \"Nassarius\" sea snail shells, approximately 100,000 years old, are thought to be the earliest known examples of jewellery.", "Bead __knowledge__ Beadwork is the art or craft of making things with beads.", "Bead __knowledge__ Beads can be woven together with specialized thread, strung onto thread or soft, flexible wire, or adhered to a surface (e.g.", "Bead __knowledge__ fabric, clay)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another by stringing them with a sewing needle or beading needle and thread or thin wire, or sewing them to cloth.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads come in a variety of materials, shapes and sizes.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used to create jewelry or other articles of personal adornment; they are also used in wall hangings and sculpture and many other artworks.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, and bead knitting.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads, made of durable materials, survive in the archaeological record appearing with the very advent of modern man, \"Homo sapiens\".", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used for religious purposes, as good luck talismans, for barter, and as curative agents.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Modern beadwork is often used as a creative hobby to create jewelry, handbags, coasters, plus dozens of other crafts, and even copies of paintings.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are available in many different designs, sizes, colors, shapes, and materials, allowing much variation among bead artisans and projects.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Simple projects can be created in less than an hour by novice beaders, while complex beadwork may take weeks of meticulous work with specialized tools and equipment.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Many free patterns and tutorials can be found in Internet.", "Loom __knowledge__ A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry.", "Loom __knowledge__ The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads.", "Loom __knowledge__ The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.", "Loom __knowledge__ The word \"loom\" is derived from the Old English \"\"geloma\"\" formed from ge-(perfective prefix) and \"\"loma\"\", a root of unknown origin; this meant utensil or tool or machine of any kind.", "Loom __knowledge__ In 1404 it was used to mean a machine to enable weaving thread into cloth.", "Loom __knowledge__ By 1838 it had gained the meaning of a machine for interlacing thread.", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ Rainbow Loom is a plastic tool used to weave colorful rubber and plastic bands into decorative items such as bracelets and charms.", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ It was invented in 1981 by Cheong Choon Ng in Novi, Michigan.", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ As of September 2014, Ng's company had sold over 8 million units worldwide, along with 40 million packets of rubber bands.", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ The Rainbow Loom is a plastic pegboard measuring by .", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ It has push pin-type pegs over which small, colored rubber bands are looped and pulled by a rainbow loom crochet hook.", "Rainbow Loom __knowledge__ The resulting looped knots, known as Brunnian links, can be assembled on the loom into bracelets and other shapes.", "George Crompton __knowledge__ George Crompton (23 March 1829 – 29 December 1886) was an American inventor, manufacturer, and businessman and the son of William Crompton, an inventor.", "George Crompton __knowledge__ He is most well known for his invention, perfection, and popularization of the Crompton Loom, a fancy loom that could reach maximum speeds of eighty-five picks per second, nearly twice the speed of its most efficient predecessors.", "George Crompton __knowledge__ Crompton Loom Works, located in his hometown of Worcester, Massachusetts, aided in the Civil War effort to provide uniforms and blankets for the U.S. Army.", "George Crompton __knowledge__ Crompton’s looms did have competition from foreign innovations, yet when brought to the Paris Exposition Universelle (1867) his products won a silver medal.", "Loom (video game) __knowledge__ Loom is a 1990 fantasy-themed graphic adventure game by Lucasfilm Games.", "Loom (video game) __knowledge__ The project was led by Brian Moriarty, a former Infocom employee and author of classic text adventures \"Wishbringer\" (1985), \"Trinity\" (1986), and \"Beyond Zork\" (1987).", "Loom (video game) __knowledge__ It was the fourth game to use the SCUMM adventure game engine, and the first of those to avoid the verb–object interface introduced in \"Maniac Mansion\".", "Loom (video game) __knowledge__ A departure from other Lucasfilm adventure games in many senses, \"Loom\" is based on a serious and complex fantasy story.", "Loom (video game) __knowledge__ With its experimental interface, it eschewed the traditional paradigm of graphical adventures, where puzzles usually involve interactions between the game character, the environment, and items the character has in their possession.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Other methods are knitting, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting.", "Weaving __knowledge__ The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling.", "Weaving __knowledge__ (\"Weft\" or \"woof\" is an old English word meaning \"that which is woven\".)", "Weaving __knowledge__ The method in which these threads are inter-woven affects the characteristics of the cloth.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Cloth is usually woven on a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling threads are woven through them.", "Light Opera of Manhattan __knowledge__ Light Opera of Manhattan, known as LOOM, was an Off-Broadway repertory theatre company that produced light operas, including the works of Gilbert and Sullivan and European and American operettas, 52 weeks per year, in New York City between 1968 and 1989.", "Light Opera of Manhattan __knowledge__ Founded by William Mount-Burke, LOOM's first long-term home was in the Jan Hus theatre from the late 1960s to 1975, where it succeeded another small light opera company, the American Savoyards.", "Light Opera of Manhattan __knowledge__ At the Jan Hus, LOOM performed predominantly the Savoy operas of Gilbert and Sullivan, such as \"The Pirates of Penzance\", \"The Mikado\" and \"H.M.S.", "Light Opera of Manhattan __knowledge__ Pinafore\".", "Power loom __knowledge__ A power loom is a mechanized loom powered by a line shaft, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution.", "Power loom __knowledge__ The first power loom was designed in 1784 by Edmund Cartwright and first built in 1785.", "Power loom __knowledge__ It was refined over the next 47 years until a design by Kenworthy and Bullough made the operation completely automatic.", "Power loom __knowledge__ By 1850 there was 260,000 power looms in operation in England.", "Power loom __knowledge__ Fifty years later came the Northrop loom which replenished the shuttle when it was empty.", "Power loom __knowledge__ This replaced the Lancashire loom.", "Power loom __knowledge__ The main components of the loom are the warp beam, heddles, harnesses, shuttle, reed, and takeup roll.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ The Textiles of Mexico have a long history.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ The making of fibers, cloth and other textile goods has existed in the country since at least 1400 BCE.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ Fibers used during the pre-Hispanic period included those from the yucca, palm and maguey plants as well as the use of cotton in the hot lowlands of the south.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ After the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, the Spanish introduced new fibers such as silk and wool as well as the European foot treadle loom.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ Clothing styles also changed radically.", "Textiles of Mexico __knowledge__ Fabric was produced exclusively in workshops or in the home until the era of Porfirio Díaz (1880s to 1910), when the mechanization of weaving was introduced, mostly by the French.", "Wang Zigan __knowledge__ Wang Zigan (Chinese:王子淦) (April 18, 1920 - February 16, 2000) was a modern papercutting artist, master of arts and crafts, and famous Shanghai-style papercutter.", "Wang Zigan __knowledge__ His works contain both the delicacy of the South and the outgoingness of the North, ranging from flowers and grass to insects, birds, and beasts.", "Wang Zigan __knowledge__ His most important representative works are \"The crowing of the cock\" (Chinese: 一唱雄鸡天下白), \"Chicken eats centipede\" (Chinese: 鸡吃蜈蚣), etc.", "Wang Zigan __knowledge__ His \"Selected papercutting works of Wang Zigan\" (Chinese: 王子淦剪纸选) was published.", "Wang Zigan __knowledge__ He once published \"History of Shanghai papercutting\" (Chinese: 上海剪纸今夕) and \"The creation of papercutting\" (Chinese: 剪纸艺术的创新).", "Embroidery __knowledge__ Embroidery is the craft of decorating fabric or other materials using a needle to apply thread or yarn.", "Embroidery __knowledge__ Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as pearls, beads, quills, and sequins.", "Embroidery __knowledge__ In modern days, embroidery is usually seen on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, dresses, stockings, and golf shirts.", "Embroidery __knowledge__ Embroidery is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn color.", "Embroidery __knowledge__ Some of the basic techniques or stitches of the earliest embroidery are chain stitch, buttonhole or blanket stitch, running stitch, satin stitch, cross stitch.", "Embroidery __knowledge__ Those stitches remain the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.", "Fashion in Nigeria __knowledge__ Fashion in Nigeria has always been diverse, reflecting its many ethnic groups, religions, and cultures.", "Fashion in Nigeria __knowledge__ Recently, the Nigerian fashion industry has developed more participants, exposure, structure, presence, earnings, and training.", "Fashion in Nigeria __knowledge__ Many now work in the industry as clothing designers, fashion models, clothing stylists, fashion photographers, makeup artists, hair stylists, cosmetologists, and fashion journalists.", "Fashion in Nigeria __knowledge__ Magazines devoted to fashion in Nigeria are now common.", "Fashion in Nigeria __knowledge__ Nigeria's New Fashion Week has grown in attendance, with long streets dedicated to fashion retailers in the major cities of Nigeria.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ A Persian carpet or Persian rug (Persian: قالی ايرانى \"qālī-ye īranī\"), also known as Iranian carpet ( \"farsh\", meaning \"to spread\"), is a heavy textile, made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purpose, produced in Iran (historically known as Persia), for home use, local sale, and export.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Carpet weaving is an essential part of Persian culture and Iranian art.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Within the group of Oriental rugs produced by the countries of the so-called \"rug belt\", the Persian carpet stands out by the variety and elaborateness of its manifold designs.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Persian carpets and rugs of various types were woven in parallel by nomadic tribes, in village and town workshops, and by royal court manufactories alike." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one another by stringing them with a sewing needle or beading needle and thread or thin wire, or sewing them to cloth.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads come in a variety of materials, shapes and sizes.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used to create jewelry or other articles of personal adornment; they are also used in wall hangings and sculpture and many other artworks.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, and bead knitting.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads, made of durable materials, survive in the archaeological record appearing with the very advent of modern man, \"Homo sapiens\".", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are used for religious purposes, as good luck talismans, for barter, and as curative agents.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Modern beadwork is often used as a creative hobby to create jewelry, handbags, coasters, plus dozens of other crafts, and even copies of paintings.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Beads are available in many different designs, sizes, colors, shapes, and materials, allowing much variation among bead artisans and projects.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Simple projects can be created in less than an hour by novice beaders, while complex beadwork may take weeks of meticulous work with specialized tools and equipment.", "Beadwork __knowledge__ Many free patterns and tutorials can be found in Internet.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Other methods are knitting, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting.", "Weaving __knowledge__ The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling.", "Weaving __knowledge__ (\"Weft\" or \"woof\" is an old English word meaning \"that which is woven\".)", "Weaving __knowledge__ The method in which these threads are inter-woven affects the characteristics of the cloth.", "Weaving __knowledge__ Cloth is usually woven on a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling threads are woven through them.", "Loom __knowledge__ A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry.", "Loom __knowledge__ The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads.", "Loom __knowledge__ The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.", "Loom __knowledge__ The word \"loom\" is derived from the Old English \"\"geloma\"\" formed from ge-(perfective prefix) and \"\"loma\"\", a root of unknown origin; this meant utensil or tool or machine of any kind.", "Loom __knowledge__ In 1404 it was used to mean a machine to enable weaving thread into cloth.", "Loom __knowledge__ By 1838 it had gained the meaning of a machine for interlacing thread.", "Oriental rug __knowledge__ An oriental rug is a heavy textile, made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purpose, produced in “Oriental countries” for home use, local sale, and export.", "Oriental rug __knowledge__ Oriental carpets can be pile woven or flat woven without pile, using various materials such as silk, wool, and cotton.", "Oriental rug __knowledge__ Examples range in size from pillow to large, room-sized carpets, and include carrier bags, floor coverings, decorations for animals, Islamic prayer rugs (\"sajjadah\"), Jewish Torah ark covers (\"parochet\"), and Christian altar covers.", "Oriental rug __knowledge__ Since the High Middle Ages, oriental rugs have been an integral part of their cultures of origin, as well as of the European and, later on, the North American culture.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ A Persian carpet or Persian rug (Persian: قالی ايرانى \"qālī-ye īranī\"), also known as Iranian carpet ( \"farsh\", meaning \"to spread\"), is a heavy textile, made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purpose, produced in Iran (historically known as Persia), for home use, local sale, and export.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Carpet weaving is an essential part of Persian culture and Iranian art.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Within the group of Oriental rugs produced by the countries of the so-called \"rug belt\", the Persian carpet stands out by the variety and elaborateness of its manifold designs.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Persian carpets and rugs of various types were woven in parallel by nomadic tribes, in village and town workshops, and by royal court manufactories alike.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ The Game of Thrones Tapestry is a hand woven tapestry which currently stands at 66 m (217 ft) long.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ Opened to the public on the 21st July 2017 at the Ulster Museum in Belfast, Northern Ireland.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ Once finished, it will be longer than its inspiration, the Bayeux Tapestry at 77 m (253 ft).", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ The tapestry tells the entire story of the television show, Game of Thrones.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ Comprised of six 11 metre long panels of hand woven fabric, to which a further seven panels, each 1.5 metres will be added.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ The six long panels depict scenes from the first six series.", "Game of Thrones Tapestry __knowledge__ As season 7 is aired weekly (in 2017) the tapestry will grow an extra 1.5m to reflect that weeks episode.", "Carpet __knowledge__ A carpet is a textile floor covering typically consisting of an upper layer of pile attached to a backing.", "Carpet __knowledge__ The pile was traditionally made from wool, but, since the 20th century, synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon or polyester are often used, as these fibers are less expensive than wool.", "Carpet __knowledge__ The pile usually consists of twisted tufts which are typically heat-treated to maintain their structure.", "Carpet __knowledge__ The term \"carpet\" is often used interchangeably with the term \"rug\", although the term \"carpet\" can be applied to a floor covering that covers an entire house, whereas a \"rug\" is generally no bigger than a single room, and traditionally does not even span from one wall to another, and is typically not even attached as part of the floor.", "Joseph Marie Jacquard __knowledge__ Joseph Marie Charles \"dit\" (called or nicknamed) Jacquard (; 7 July 1752 – 7 August 1834), was a French weaver and merchant.", "Joseph Marie Jacquard __knowledge__ He played an important role in the development of the earliest programmable loom (the \"Jacquard loom\"), which in turn played an important role in the development of other programmable machines, such as an early version of digital compiler used by IBM to develop the modern day computer.", "Joseph Marie Jacquard __knowledge__ Joseph Marie Charles’ family surname was “Jacquard”.", "Joseph Marie Jacquard __knowledge__ In his grandfather’s generation, several branches of the Charles family lived in Lyon’s Couzon-Au-Mont d’Or suburb (on ”Lyon’s north side, along the Saône River)." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 11, 51 ]

[ "I like to work on beadwork when I have free time. It is the art of stringing beads together and sewing them to cloth.", "I use a loom to make embroidery patterns. I made a prairie house recently. Sometimes I sell my creations on the Internet.", "A loom is used for weaving. It holds the threads separate in order to assist with interweaving.", "No, you get the hang of it pretty quickly. Other techniques include knitting and crocheting. I also know how to braid." ]

[ "Beadwork", "Beadwork", "Beadwork", "Beadwork" ]

[ "Sleep\nI've been struggling to get good sleep lately - do you have any tips?", "Yeah, I just cannot get my brain to settle down. I don't think I've dreamed in months.", "Yes, I do remember that I had a few where I would wake up and actually be mad at my husband for a few minutes before I realized what he did wasn't real and it was in my dream.", "That is very interesting - I wish there was a simple answer to those of us who can't sleep well." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles, and reduced interactions with surroundings.", "Sleep __knowledge__ It is distinguished from wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, but is more easily reversed than the state of being comatose.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes known as non-REM and REM sleep.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body.", "Sleep __knowledge__ A well-known feature of sleep is the dream, an experience typically recounted in narrative form, which resembles waking life while in progress, but which usually can later be distinguished as fantasy.", "Sleep __knowledge__ During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems; these are vital processes that maintain mood, memory, and cognitive performance, and play a large role in the function of the endocrine and immune systems.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The diverse purposes and mechanisms of sleep are the subject of substantial ongoing research.", "Sleep hygiene __knowledge__ Sleep hygiene is the recommended behavioral and environmental practice that is intended to promote better quality sleep.", "Sleep hygiene __knowledge__ This recommendation was developed in the late 1970s as a method to help people with mild to moderate insomnia, but, , the evidence for effectiveness of individual recommendations is \"limited and inconclusive\".", "Sleep hygiene __knowledge__ Clinicians assess the sleep hygiene of people who present with insomnia and other conditions, such as depression, and offer recommendations based on the assessment.", "Sleep hygiene __knowledge__ Sleep hygiene recommendations include establishing a regular sleep schedule, using naps with care, not exercising physically or mentally too close to bedtime, limiting worry, limiting exposure to light in the hours before sleep, getting out of bed if sleep does not come, not using bed for anything but sleep and sex, avoiding alcohol as well as nicotine, caffeine, and other stimulants in the hours before bedtime, and having a peaceful, comfortable and dark sleep environment.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), more often known as delayed sleep phase syndrome and also as delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, is a chronic dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to the general population and relative to societal norms.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ The disorder affects the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, and hormonal and other daily cycles.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD probably have a circadian period significantly longer than 24 hours.", "Chronic fatigue syndrome in children __knowledge__ Chronic fatigue syndrome in children (aka myalgic encephalomyelitis) is a lingering and debilitating illness that produces a variety of debilitating effects in children and adolescents.", "Chronic fatigue syndrome in children __knowledge__ The major findings and characteristics of this disease is fatigue, body, muscle pain, joint pain, cognitive deficits, disturbed sleep, and headaches.", "Chronic fatigue syndrome in children __knowledge__ As in adults, there is no cure or approved treatment for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in children.", "Chronic fatigue syndrome in children __knowledge__ However, some symptoms can be treated or managed.", "Chronic fatigue syndrome in children __knowledge__ Treating these symptoms might provide relief for some patients with ME/CFS but not others.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder where people have trouble sleeping.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ They may have difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep as long as desired.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia is typically followed by daytime sleepiness, low energy, irritability, and a depressed mood.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ It may result in an increased risk of motor vehicle collisions, as well as problems focusing and learning.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia can be short term, lasting for days or weeks, or long term, lasting more than a month.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia can occur independently or as a result of another problem.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Conditions that can result in insomnia include psychological stress, chronic pain, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, menopause, certain medications, and drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II (November 2, 1870 – April 26, 1934) was an American businessman, manufacturer, philanthropist and innovator.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ He was the president of The Simmons Company from 1910-1932.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ He inherited the company in 1910 from his father, Simmons Company founder Zalmon G. Simmons.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ Z.G.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ II was commonly referred to as “the Chief” for his ability to recognize possibilities and make decisions that many felt were foolish but would prove to be extremely profitable.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ It is reported that Simmons once wagered an automobile a hole in a game of golf.", "Zalmon Gilbert Simmons II __knowledge__ His unshakable character increased the company's profits from less than $5,000,000, when he became president, to over $40,000,000 at the peak of his incumbency and revolutionized the bedding industry.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ Sleep paralysis is when, during awakening or falling asleep, a person is aware but unable to move.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ During an episode, one may hear, feel, or see things that are not there.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ It often results in fear.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ Episodes generally last less than a couple of minutes.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ It may occur as a single episode or be recurrent.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ The condition may occur in those who are otherwise healthy, those with narcolepsy, or may run in families as a result of specific genetic changes.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ The condition can be triggered by sleep deprivation, psychological stress, or abnormal sleep cycles.", "Sleep paralysis __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism is believed to involve a dysfunction in REM sleep.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles, and reduced interactions with surroundings.", "Sleep __knowledge__ It is distinguished from wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, but is more easily reversed than the state of being comatose.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes known as non-REM and REM sleep.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body.", "Sleep __knowledge__ A well-known feature of sleep is the dream, an experience typically recounted in narrative form, which resembles waking life while in progress, but which usually can later be distinguished as fantasy.", "Sleep __knowledge__ During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems; these are vital processes that maintain mood, memory, and cognitive performance, and play a large role in the function of the endocrine and immune systems.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The diverse purposes and mechanisms of sleep are the subject of substantial ongoing research.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"Wild Cards\" book series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer is a character from the \"Wild Cards\" series of books.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ He first appeared in the short story \"Pennies from Hell\" by Lewis Shiner in \"Wild Cards II: Aces High\", though his presence was earlier implied in \"The Long, Dark Night of Fortunato\" in the first volume of the series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Leader of a cult consisting mainly of superhuman aces and deformed jokers known as the Egyptian Freemasons.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer planned to conquer the world in the aftermath of an invasion by fungoid aliens called the Swarm.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Unknown to him, the Shakti device of the Egyptian Freemasons lacked a power source and was designed to contact an alien organization, the Network.", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder (non-24), is one of several chronic circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs).", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ It is defined as a \"chronic steady pattern comprising [...] daily delays in sleep onset and wake times in an individual living in society.\"", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ Symptoms result when the non-entrained (free-running) endogenous circadian rhythm drifts out of alignment with the light/dark cycle in nature.", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ The sleep pattern can be quite variable.", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ People with a circadian rhythm that is quite near to 24 hours may be able to sleep on a conventional, socially acceptable schedule, that is, at night.", "Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder __knowledge__ Others, with a \"daily\" cycle upwards of 25 hours or more may need to adopt a sleep pattern that is congruent with their free-running circadian clock, shifting their sleep times daily, thereby often obtaining satisfactory sleep but suffering social and occupational consequences.", "Circadian rhythm __knowledge__ A circadian rhythm is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours.", "Circadian rhythm __knowledge__ These 24-hour rhythms are driven by a circadian clock, and they have been widely observed in plants, animals, fungi, and cyanobacteria.", "Circadian rhythm __knowledge__ The term \"circadian\" comes from the Latin \"circa\", meaning \"around\" (or \"approximately\"), and \"diēm\", meaning \"day\".", "Circadian rhythm __knowledge__ The formal study of biological temporal rhythms, such as daily, tidal, weekly, seasonal, and annual rhythms, is called chronobiology.", "Circadian rhythm __knowledge__ Processes with 24-hour oscillations are more generally called diurnal rhythms; strictly speaking, they should not be called circadian rhythms unless their endogenous nature is confirmed.", "Sleep in non-human animals __knowledge__ Sleep in non-human animals refers to a behavioral and physiological state characterized by altered consciousness, reduced responsiveness to external stimuli, and homeostatic regulation.", "Sleep in non-human animals __knowledge__ Sleep is observed in mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and some fish, and, in some form, in insects and even in simpler animals such as nematodes.", "Sleep in non-human animals __knowledge__ The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night in diurnal organisms (such as humans) and in the day in nocturnal organisms (such as rodents).", "Sleep in non-human animals __knowledge__ However, sleep patterns vary widely among species.", "Sleep in non-human animals __knowledge__ Sleep appears to be a requirement for all mammals and most other animals.", "Circadian clock __knowledge__ A circadian clock, or circadian oscillator, is a biochemical oscillator that cycles with a stable phase and is synchronized with solar time.", "Circadian clock __knowledge__ Such a clock's \"in vivo\" period, is necessarily almost exactly 24 hours (the earth's current solar day).", "Circadian clock __knowledge__ In most living things, internally synchronized circadian clocks make it possible for the organism to anticipate daily environmental changes corresponding with the day–night cycle and adjust its biology and behavior accordingly.", "Circadian clock __knowledge__ The term circadian derives from the Latin \"circa\" (about) \"diem\" (a day), since when taken away from external cues (such as environmental light), they do not run to exactly 24 hours.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), more often known as delayed sleep phase syndrome and also as delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, is a chronic dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to the general population and relative to societal norms.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ The disorder affects the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, and hormonal and other daily cycles.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD probably have a circadian period significantly longer than 24 hours.", "Phase response curve __knowledge__ A phase response curve (PRC) illustrates the transient change in the cycle period of an oscillation induced by a perturbation as a function of the phase at which it is received.", "Phase response curve __knowledge__ PRCs are used in various fields; examples of biological oscillations are the heartbeat, circadian rhythms, and the regular, repetitive firing observed in some neurons in the absence of noise.", "Phase response curve __knowledge__ In humans and animals, there is a regulatory system that governs the phase relationship of an organism's internal circadian clock to a regular periodicity in the external environment (usually governed by the solar day).", "Phase response curve __knowledge__ In most organisms, a stable phase relationship is desired, though in some cases the desired phase will vary by season, especially among mammals with seasonal mating habits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles, and reduced interactions with surroundings.", "Sleep __knowledge__ It is distinguished from wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, but is more easily reversed than the state of being comatose.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes known as non-REM and REM sleep.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body.", "Sleep __knowledge__ A well-known feature of sleep is the dream, an experience typically recounted in narrative form, which resembles waking life while in progress, but which usually can later be distinguished as fantasy.", "Sleep __knowledge__ During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems; these are vital processes that maintain mood, memory, and cognitive performance, and play a large role in the function of the endocrine and immune systems.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The diverse purposes and mechanisms of sleep are the subject of substantial ongoing research.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney Snyder are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American daytime drama \"As the World Turns\".", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ Jack is portrayed by Michael Park, and Carly is portrayed by Maura West.", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ The couple has been nicknamed by the portmanteau \"CarJack\" (for Carly and Jack) on internet message boards.", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ Jack and Carly met in Carly's native state Montana.", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ The two went from not getting along to giving in to undeniable chemistry, during a police investigation in which they investigated a dirty cop, Teague.", "Jack Snyder and Carly Tenney __knowledge__ The pair returned to Oakdale with Carly interested in marriage, and Jack wanting to take things slowly.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Finnegans Wake is a work of avant-garde comic fiction by Irish writer James Joyce.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ It is significant for its experimental style and reputation as one of the most difficult works of fiction in the English language.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Written in Paris over a period of seventeen years and published in 1939, two years before the author's death, \"Finnegans Wake\" was Joyce's final work.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ The entire book is written in a largely idiosyncratic language, which blends standard English lexical items and neologistic multilingual puns and portmanteau words to unique effect.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Many critics believe the technique was Joyce's attempt to recreate the experience of sleep and dreams.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Mike and the Mad Dog was an afternoon drive sports radio program based out of WFAN in New York City hosted by Mike Francesa and Christopher \"Mad Dog\" Russo.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Airing from 1989 to 2008, the show featured Francesa and Russo talking sports and taking phone calls from listeners.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ From 2002 onwards, the show was simulcast on television on the YES Network.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ On the radio, the show was simulcast beginning 2007 on WQYK in Tampa, Florida and from 2004 until 2007 on WROW in Albany, New York.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Before Francesa and Russo were paired, Russo was an overnight/weekend and fill-in host.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ He caught the attention of Don Imus, who was impressed with his vibrant personality and brought Russo onto the \"Imus in the Morning\" show as its sports reporter.", "Verbal language in dreams __knowledge__ Verbal language in dreams is the speech—most commonly in the form of a dialogue between the dreamer him/herself and other dream characters—which forms part of the overall (mostly imagistic) dream scenario.", "Verbal language in dreams __knowledge__ Historically, there have been abundant references to verbal language in dreams going back millennia.", "Verbal language in dreams __knowledge__ Early in the twentieth century German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin presented a large corpus of dream speech, almost all from his own dreams and virtually all deviant, without any pretense that this was representative of dream speech in general.", "Verbal language in dreams __knowledge__ The first systematic elicitation of verbal language in dreams from a large subject pool under methodological protocols was presented beginning in the early 1980s, along with detailed analyses as well as theoretical consideration of the implications for various dream models, from the psychoanalytic approach to more recent theories.", "Dream argument __knowledge__ The dream argument is the postulation that the act of dreaming provides preliminary evidence that the senses we trust to distinguish reality from illusion should not be fully trusted, and therefore, any state that is dependent on our senses should at the very least be carefully examined and rigorously tested to determine whether it is in fact reality.", "Dream argument __knowledge__ While people dream, they usually do not realize they are dreaming (if they do, it is called a lucid dream).", "Dream argument __knowledge__ This has led philosophers to wonder whether one could actually be dreaming constantly, instead of being in waking reality (or at least that one cannot be certain, at any given point in time, that one is not dreaming).", "Dream __knowledge__ A dream is a succession of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep.", "Dream __knowledge__ The content and purpose of dreams are not fully understood, though they have been a topic of scientific, philosophical and religious interest throughout recorded history.", "Dream __knowledge__ Dream interpretation is the attempt at drawing meaning from dreams and searching for an underlying message.", "Dream __knowledge__ The scientific study of dreams is called oneirology.", "Dream __knowledge__ Dreams mainly occur in the rapid-eye movement (REM) stage of sleep—when brain activity is high and resembles that of being awake.", "Interobject __knowledge__ An interobject is a phenomenon of dreams, in which there is a perception of something that is \"between\" two objects.", "Interobject __knowledge__ The term was coined by Blechner in his book \"The Dream Frontier\".", "Interobject __knowledge__ Interobjects differ from typical dream condensations in which two objects are fused into one.", "Interobject __knowledge__ Instead the condensation is incomplete.", "Interobject __knowledge__ Some examples from the literature on dreams include \"a piece of hardware, something like the lock of a door or perhaps a pair of paint-frozen hinges,\" and \"something between a record-player and a balance scale.\"", "Interobject __knowledge__ Interobjects are new creations derived from partially fused blends of other objects.", "Waking Life __knowledge__ Waking Life is a 2001 American adult animated docufiction film, directed by Richard Linklater.", "Waking Life __knowledge__ The film explores a wide range of philosophical issues including the nature of reality, dreams, consciousness, the meaning of life, free will, and existentialism.", "Waking Life __knowledge__ \"Waking Life\" is centered on a young man who wanders through a succession of dream-like realities wherein he encounters a series of individuals who engage in insightful philosophical discussions.", "Waking Life __knowledge__ The film was entirely rotoscoped, although it was shot using digital video of live actors with a team of artists drawing stylized lines and colors over each frame with computers, rather than being filmed and traced onto cels on a lightbox.", "Rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep, REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals and birds, distinguishable by random/rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied with low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly.", "Rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ The REM phase is also known as paradoxical sleep (PS) and sometimes desynchronized sleep because of physiological similarities to waking states, including rapid, low-voltage desynchronized brain waves.", "Rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Electrical and chemical activity regulating this phase seems to originate in the brain stem and is characterized most notably by an abundance of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, combined with a nearly complete absence of monoamine neurotransmitters histamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles, and reduced interactions with surroundings.", "Sleep __knowledge__ It is distinguished from wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, but is more easily reversed than the state of being comatose.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes known as non-REM and REM sleep.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body.", "Sleep __knowledge__ A well-known feature of sleep is the dream, an experience typically recounted in narrative form, which resembles waking life while in progress, but which usually can later be distinguished as fantasy.", "Sleep __knowledge__ During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems; these are vital processes that maintain mood, memory, and cognitive performance, and play a large role in the function of the endocrine and immune systems.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night.", "Sleep __knowledge__ The diverse purposes and mechanisms of sleep are the subject of substantial ongoing research.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), more often known as delayed sleep phase syndrome and also as delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, is a chronic dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to the general population and relative to societal norms.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ The disorder affects the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, and hormonal and other daily cycles.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning.", "Delayed sleep phase disorder __knowledge__ People with DSPD probably have a circadian period significantly longer than 24 hours.", "Sleep Well Beast __knowledge__ Sleep Well Beast is the seventh studio album by The National.", "Sleep Well Beast __knowledge__ The album was released on September 8, 2017, on 4AD.", "Sleep Well Beast __knowledge__ The album won a Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album; the album's art directors Elyanna Blaser-Gould, Luke Hayman, and Andrew Trabucco-Campos were nominated for Best Recording Package.", "Sleep Well Beast __knowledge__ On May 9, and May 10, 2017, the National's Twitter page tweeted out two short audio teasers, one from the title track \"Sleep Well Beast,\" and the other from the lead single, \"The System Only Dreams in Total Darkness.\"", "Sleep Well Beast __knowledge__ Additionally, in many cities across the world, promotional artwork was set up with a television showing the name of the album and lead single scrolling by with some of the artwork for the album in the background.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The neuroscience of sleep is the study of the neuroscientific and physiological basis of the nature of sleep and its functions.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ Traditionally, sleep has been studied as part of psychology and medicine.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The study of sleep from a neuroscience perspective grew to prominence with advances in technology and proliferation of neuroscience research from the second half of the twentieth century.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The fact that organisms daily spend hours of their time in sleep and that sleep deprivation can have disastrous effects ultimately leading to death, demonstrate the importance of sleep.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ For a phenomenon so important, the purposes and mechanisms of sleep are only partially understood, so much so that as recently as the late 1990s it was quipped: \"The only known function of sleep is to cure sleepiness\".", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ Dan Halutz (, ; born August 7, 1948) is an Israeli Air Force lieutenant general and former Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces and commander of the Israeli Air Force.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ Halutz served as Chief of Staff in 2005-2007.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ Dan Halutz was born in Tel Aviv and grew up on Moshav Hagor.He comes from a Mizrahi Jewish family with origins in Iran and Iraq.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ Halutz holds a degree in economics from Tel Aviv University, and a Harvard Business School degree.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ He is chairman of the Etgarim special-needs charity.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ Halutz joined the Israeli Air Force (IAF) in 1966 and graduated from combat flight school in 1968.", "Dan Halutz __knowledge__ In 1969, he joined the first F-4 Phantom squadron of the IAF.", "The National (band) __knowledge__ The National is an American rock band from Cincinnati, Ohio, formed in 1999.", "The National (band) __knowledge__ The band consists of Matt Berninger (vocals), Aaron Dessner (guitar, keyboards), Bryce Dessner (guitar), Scott Devendorf (bass) and Bryan Devendorf (drums).", "The National (band) __knowledge__ Founded by Berninger, Aaron Dessner, and Scott and Bryan Devendorf, The National released their self-titled debut album, \"The National\" (2001), on Brassland Records, an independent record label founded by Dessner and his twin brother, Bryce Dessner.", "The National (band) __knowledge__ Bryce, who had assisted in recording the album, soon joined the band, participating as a full member in the recording of its follow-up, \"Sad Songs for Dirty Lovers\" (2003).", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Dream __knowledge__ A dream is a succession of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep.", "Dream __knowledge__ The content and purpose of dreams are not fully understood, though they have been a topic of scientific, philosophical and religious interest throughout recorded history.", "Dream __knowledge__ Dream interpretation is the attempt at drawing meaning from dreams and searching for an underlying message.", "Dream __knowledge__ The scientific study of dreams is called oneirology.", "Dream __knowledge__ Dreams mainly occur in the rapid-eye movement (REM) stage of sleep—when brain activity is high and resembles that of being awake.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ The relationship between sleep and memory has been postulated and studied since at least the early 19th century.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Memory, the cognitive process whereby experiences, learning and recognition are recalled, is a product of brain plasticity, the structural changes within synapses that create associations between stimuli.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Stimuli are encoded within milliseconds; however, the long-term maintenance of memories can take additional minutes, days, or even years to fully consolidate and become a stable memory (more resistant to change or interference).", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Therefore, the formation of a specific memory occurs rapidly, but the evolution of a memory is often an ongoing process.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) is, collectively, sleep stages 1–3, previously known as stages 1–4.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) is not included.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ There are distinct electroencephalographic and other characteristics seen in each stage.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Unlike REM sleep, there is usually little or no eye movement during these stages.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ Dreaming is rare during NREM sleep, and muscles are not paralyzed as in REM sleep.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ People who do not go through the sleeping stages properly get stuck in NREM sleep, and because muscles are not paralyzed a person may be able to sleepwalk.", "Non-rapid eye movement sleep __knowledge__ According to studies, the mental activity that takes place during NREM sleep is believed to be thought-like, whereas REM sleep includes hallucinatory and bizarre content." ] ]

[ 7, 5, 8, 4 ]

[ "My internal Circadian clock which promotes sleep daily is also out of whack. I have a few things I have tried but I think it's different for each person.", "Dreams to me can be strange. They are often in narrative form and resemble waking life while in progress.", "LOL I have been there done that as well! The interesting to me about sleep and dreams are they are of the subject of ongoing research. ", "I agree. part of sleeping is called REM (rapid eye movement) but sleep is known for virtual paralysis of your body" ]

[ "Sleep", "Sleep", "Sleep", "Sleep" ]

[ "Ice hockey\nIce hockey is in the hockey family?", "Is it played on ice only?", "OK. What clothing do its players wear?", "OK. They wear funny looking cloths", "Really, and Russia too ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association, currently trading as Ice Hockey Victoria is the governing body of ice hockey in Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association is a branch of Ice Hockey Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ 12 September 1908 is the date of the formation of the first ice hockey association in Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting at the Melbourne Glaciarium occurred directly after an evening ice hockey game between the Brighton Ice Hockey Club and the Melburnians, which resulted in a 2-2 tie.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting was for the purpose of organising a club for the following season and the following committee was appointed: Lorimer, Ward, Errol F. Woods, W. Purbrick and Andrew Lambert Reid.", "Boston University Terriers men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Boston University Terriers men’s ice hockey program is one of the most storied teams in NCAA Division I hockey, playing its first ever game in 1918 and winning five national championships, while making twenty-two appearances in the Frozen Four.", "Boston University Terriers men's ice hockey __knowledge__ BU has won twelve major conference tournament championships as well as 30 titles in the historic Beanpot tournament featuring the four major Boston collegiate hockey teams.", "Boston University Terriers men's ice hockey __knowledge__ BU played in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) from 1961 to 1984, winning five tournament championships; and has since competed in the Hockey East Association, winning seven tournament titles.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The Australian Ice Hockey Federation, currently trading as Ice Hockey Australia (IHA), is the official national governing body of ice hockey in Australia and is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ It was first established in 1908, making it one of the oldest national ice hockey associations in the world.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The purpose of Ice Hockey Australia is to encourage, promote, control and administer all forms of ice hockey in and throughout Australia through and by various Member States for the mutual and collective benefit of the members and sport itself.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ IHA also governs an eight-team, semi-professional league, known as the Australian Ice Hockey League.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ Ice hockey, partially because of its popularity as a major professional sport, has been a source of inspiration for numerous films, television episodes and songs in North American popular culture.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ A number of notable Hollywood films have been made about hockey.", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ Notable hockey films include \"Slap Shot\"; \"The Mighty Ducks\", successful enough to spawn two sequels, a cartoon series, and an NHL team named the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim (now the Anaheim Ducks); and \"Miracle\".", "Ice hockey in popular culture __knowledge__ The first two are fictional comedies; the last is a drama based on the true story of the 1980 \"Miracle on Ice\" USA Olympic gold medal team.", "Canadian women's ice hockey history __knowledge__ The first instances of organized women's ice hockey in Canada date back to the 1890s when it is played at the university level.", "Canadian women's ice hockey history __knowledge__ The Women's Hockey Association claims that the city of Ottawa, Ontario hosted the first game in 1891.", "Canadian women's ice hockey history __knowledge__ In 1920, Lady Meredith, wife of Sir Vincent Meredith of Montreal donated the Lady Meredith Cup for the Quebec Ladies' Hockey Association, said to be the first women's ice hockey trophy to be competed for in Canada.", "Canadian women's ice hockey history __knowledge__ In February 1921 a women's international championship series was played in conjunction with the Pacific Coast Hockey Association.", "Canadian women's ice hockey history __knowledge__ One of the first professional teams were the Vancouver Amazons from the 1920s.", "Ice hockey in the United States __knowledge__ Ice hockey, usually referred to in the U.S. simply as \"hockey\", is a popular sport in the United States.", "Ice hockey in the United States __knowledge__ In the U.S. the game is most popular in regions of the country with a cold winter climate, namely the northeast and the upper Midwest.", "Ice hockey in the United States __knowledge__ However, since the 1990s, hockey has become increasingly popular in the Sun Belt due in large part to the expansion of the National Hockey League to the southeast and southwest U.S., coupled with the mass relocation of many residents from northern cities with strong hockey support to these Sun Belt locations.", "Ice hockey in the United States __knowledge__ The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on March 3, 1875." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade, also known as the frozen water trade, was a 19th-century industry, centering on the east coast of the United States and Norway, involving the large-scale harvesting, transport and sale of natural ice for domestic consumption and commercial purposes.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Ice was cut from the surface of ponds and streams, then stored in ice houses, before being sent on by ship, barge or railroad to its final destination around the world.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Networks of ice wagons were typically used to distribute the product to the final domestic and smaller commercial customers.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade revolutionized the U.S. meat, vegetable and fruit industries, enabled significant growth in the fishing industry, and encouraged the introduction of a range of new drinks and foods.", "Vanilla Ice __knowledge__ Robert Matthew Van Winkle (born October 31, 1967), known professionally as Vanilla Ice, is an American rapper, actor, and television host.", "Vanilla Ice __knowledge__ Born in South Dallas, and raised in Texas and South Florida, Ice released his debut album, \"Hooked\", in 1989 on Ichiban Records, before signing a contract with SBK Records, a record label of the EMI Group which released a reformatted version of the album under the title \"To the Extreme\".", "Vanilla Ice __knowledge__ Ice's 1990 single \"Ice Ice Baby\" was the first hip hop single to top the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Vanilla Ice __knowledge__ Although he was successful, Ice later regretted his business arrangements with SBK, which had paid him to adopt a more commercial appearance to appeal to a mass audience and published fabricated biographical information without his knowledge.", "Ice __knowledge__ Ice is water frozen into a solid state.", "Ice __knowledge__ Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaque bluish-white color.", "Ice __knowledge__ In the Solar System, ice is abundant and occurs naturally from as close to the Sun as Mercury to as far away as the Oort cloud objects.", "Ice __knowledge__ Beyond the Solar System, it occurs as interstellar ice.", "Ice __knowledge__ It is abundant on Earth's surfaceparticularly in the polar regions and above the snow lineand, as a common form of precipitation and deposition, plays a key role in Earth's water cycle and climate.", "Ice __knowledge__ It falls as snowflakes and hail or occurs as frost, icicles or ice spikes.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate certain conditions.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ More than five million cubic kilometers of ice have been identified at or near the surface of modern Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of .", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The Australian Ice Hockey Federation, currently trading as Ice Hockey Australia (IHA), is the official national governing body of ice hockey in Australia and is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ It was first established in 1908, making it one of the oldest national ice hockey associations in the world.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The purpose of Ice Hockey Australia is to encourage, promote, control and administer all forms of ice hockey in and throughout Australia through and by various Member States for the mutual and collective benefit of the members and sport itself.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ IHA also governs an eight-team, semi-professional league, known as the Australian Ice Hockey League.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Ice drilling allows scientists studying glaciers and ice sheets to gain access to what is beneath the ice, to take measurements in the interior of the ice, or to retrieve samples.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Instruments can be placed in the drilled holes to record temperature, pressure, or for other scientific research, such as to measurement the speed and direction of movement of the ice, or for neutrino detection.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Many different methods have been used since 1840, when the first scientific ice drilling expedition attempted to drill through the Unteraargletscher in the Alps.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Two early methods were percussion, in which the ice is fractured and pulverized, and rotary drilling, a method often used in mineral exploration for rock drilling.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Underwater Ice Hockey (also called Sub-aqua Ice Hockey) is a minor extreme sport that is a variant of Ice Hockey.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is played upside-down underneath frozen pools or ponds.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Participants wear diving masks, fins and wetsuits and use the underside of the frozen surface as the playing area for a floating puck.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Competitors do not use any breathing apparatuses, but instead surface for air every 30 seconds or so.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with Underwater Hockey, in which the floor of a swimming pool and a sinking puck are used.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ The idea for the sport is attributed to Christian Redl, an Austrian freediver who is notable for various world free-diving depth records under ice.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry, pass, catch, and shoot the ball into the goal.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The sport has four versions that have different sticks, fields, rules and equipment: field lacrosse, women's lacrosse, box lacrosse and intercrosse.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The men's games, field lacrosse (outdoor) and box lacrosse (indoor), are contact sports and all players wear protective gear: helmet, gloves, shoulder pads, and elbow pads.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The women's game does not allow body contact but does allow stick to stick contact.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The only protective gear required for women players is eyegear, while goalies wear helmets and protective pads." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry, pass, catch, and shoot the ball into the goal.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The sport has four versions that have different sticks, fields, rules and equipment: field lacrosse, women's lacrosse, box lacrosse and intercrosse.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The men's games, field lacrosse (outdoor) and box lacrosse (indoor), are contact sports and all players wear protective gear: helmet, gloves, shoulder pads, and elbow pads.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The women's game does not allow body contact but does allow stick to stick contact.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The only protective gear required for women players is eyegear, while goalies wear helmets and protective pads.", "Kit (association football) __knowledge__ In association football, kit (also referred to as a strip or uniform) is the standard equipment and attire worn by players.", "Kit (association football) __knowledge__ The sport's Laws of the Game specify the minimum kit which a player must use, and also prohibit the use of anything that is dangerous to either the player or another participant.", "Kit (association football) __knowledge__ Individual competitions may stipulate further restrictions, such as regulating the size of logos displayed on shirts and stating that, in the event of a match between teams with identical or similar colours, the away team must change to different coloured attire.", "Kit (association football) __knowledge__ Footballers generally wear identifying numbers on the backs of their shirts.", "Number (sports) __knowledge__ In team sports, the number, often referred to as the uniform number, squad number, jersey number, shirt number, sweater number, or similar (with such naming differences varying by sport and region) is the number worn on a player's uniform, to identify and distinguish each player (and sometimes others, such as coaches and officials) from others wearing the same or similar uniforms.", "Number (sports) __knowledge__ The number is typically displayed on the rear of the jersey, often accompanied by the surname.", "Number (sports) __knowledge__ Sometimes it is also displayed on the front and/or sleeves, or on the player's shorts or headgear.", "Number (sports) __knowledge__ It is used to identify the player to officials, other players, official scorers, and spectators; in some sports, it is also indicative of the player's position.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Laws of Australian rules football __knowledge__ The laws of Australian rules football describe the rules of the game of Australian rules football as they have evolved and adapted, with the same underlying core rules, since 1859.", "Laws of Australian rules football __knowledge__ The current laws consist of an extensive document titled \"\"Laws of Australian Football\"\", which contains the rules and interpretations of the game, and is managed and administered by the Australian Football League.", "Laws of Australian rules football __knowledge__ The rules were first formed by the Melbourne Football Club, chaired by Tom Wills in 1859.", "Laws of Australian rules football __knowledge__ The laws significantly predate the advent of a governing body for the sport.", "Laws of Australian rules football __knowledge__ The first national and international body, the Australasian Football Council, was formed in 1905 to govern \"Australian Football\".", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Underwater Ice Hockey (also called Sub-aqua Ice Hockey) is a minor extreme sport that is a variant of Ice Hockey.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is played upside-down underneath frozen pools or ponds.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Participants wear diving masks, fins and wetsuits and use the underside of the frozen surface as the playing area for a floating puck.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Competitors do not use any breathing apparatuses, but instead surface for air every 30 seconds or so.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with Underwater Hockey, in which the floor of a swimming pool and a sinking puck are used.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ The idea for the sport is attributed to Christian Redl, an Austrian freediver who is notable for various world free-diving depth records under ice.", "Sport in Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Sport in Saskatchewan includes ice skating, speed skating, curling bonspiels, snowboarding, snow golf, broomball, ice hockey, badminton, and curling.", "Sport in Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Summer sports abound: among these are school track and field days, community rodeos, golf tournaments, and sporting events such as baseball, softball, and snowmobile rallies.", "Sport in Saskatchewan __knowledge__ School teams usually feature baseball, basketball, field hockey, Association football or \"soccer\", lacrosse, football, rugby, and wrestling.", "Sport in Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Popular individual sports include auto racing, boxing, cycling, golf, hiking, horse racing, ice skating, skateboarding, skiing, swimming, tennis, triathlon, track and field, and water sports.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ However, the advent of the state-sponsored \"full-time amateur athlete\" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey team is the college ice hockey team that represents the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey __knowledge__ Earning varsity status in 1922, the program has completed its 91st season.", "Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey __knowledge__ Until the 2012–13 season, the school's team competed in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, although it competed in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association between 1959 and 1981.", "Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey __knowledge__ Since the 2013–14 season, the Wolverines have competed in the Big Ten, which began sponsoring hockey.", "Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey __knowledge__ From 1991–2012, the team played in 22 consecutive NCAA Men's Division I Ice Hockey Tournaments; this is an NCAA record." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Gregg Hansford __knowledge__ Gregory John \"Gregg\" Hansford (8 April 1952 – 5 March 1995) was an Australian professional motorcycle and touring car racer.", "Gregg Hansford __knowledge__ Hansford began racing motorcycles in Australia, winning the 1973 500cc Unlimited title, as well as competing in the New Zealand Marlboro Series in 1975/76 and 1977/78 on Team Kawasaki 750s.", "Gregg Hansford __knowledge__ He also won one leg of the 77/78 series on a KR250.", "Gregg Hansford __knowledge__ In 1978 he traveled to Europe to compete in Grand Prix motorcycle racing for the Kawasaki factory racing team.", "Gregg Hansford __knowledge__ Hansford finished second to his Kawasaki teammate, Kork Ballington, in the world 250cc championship and third in the world 350cc championship in 1978.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ USS \"Hansford\" (APA-106) was a that served with the US Navy during World War II.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ Originally christened \"Sea Adder\", the vessel was launched 25 April 1944 as \"Gladwin\" by Western Pipe & Steel of San Francisco, under Maritime Commission contract.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ She was transferred to the Navy and renamed \"Hansford\" (after Hansford County, Texas) on 25 August, and commissioned on 12 October 1944, Comdr.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ William A. Lynch in command.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ After shakedown off San Pedro, California, \"Hansford\" got underway for Pearl Harbor 25 November 1944 and unloaded passengers and cargo there on 2 December.", "USS Hansford (APA-106) __knowledge__ In the Hawaiian Islands she undertook an intensive training program emphasizing landing exercises during daylight and maneuvering in formation at night.", "Nubkheperre Intef __knowledge__ Nubkheperre Intef (or Antef, Inyotef) was an Egyptian king of the Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt at Thebes during the Second Intermediate Period, when Egypt was divided by rival dynasties including the Hyksos in Lower Egypt.", "Nubkheperre Intef __knowledge__ He is known to be the brother of Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef—and this king's immediate successor—since he donated Louvre Coffin E3019 for this king's burial which bears an inscription that it was donated for king Sekhemre Wepmaat Intef \"\"as that which his brother, king Antef\" (Nubkheperre Intef here) \"gives\"\", notes Kim Ryholt.", "Nubkheperre Intef __knowledge__ As the German scholar Thomas Schneider writes in the 2006 book \"Ancient Egyptian Chronology (Handbook of Oriental Studies)\": Nubkheperre Intef and, by implication, his brother Sekhemre Wepmaat Intef, were probably the sons of Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf (Sobekemsaf II today) on the basis of inscriptions found on a doorjamb discovered in the remains of a 17th Dynasty temple at Gebel-Antef on the Luxor-Farshut road.", "Sobekemsaf I __knowledge__ Sekhemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf I was a pharaoh of Egypt during the 17th Dynasty.", "Sobekemsaf I __knowledge__ He is attested by a series of inscriptions mentioning a mining expedition to the rock quarries at Wadi Hammamat in the Eastern Desert during his reign.", "Sobekemsaf I __knowledge__ One of the inscriptions is explicitly dated to his Year 7.", "Sobekemsaf I __knowledge__ He also extensively restored and decorated the Temple of Monthu at Medamud where a fine relief of this king making an offering before the gods has survived.", "Sobekemsaf I __knowledge__ Sobekemsaf I's son—similarly named Sobekemsaf after his father—is attested in Cairo Statue CG 386 from Abydos which depicts this young prince prominently standing between his father's legs in a way suggesting that he was his father's chosen successor.", "Allan Moffat __knowledge__ Allan George Moffat (born 10 November 1939 in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada) is a Canadian-Australian racing driver known for his four wins in the Australian Touring Car Championship, six wins in the Sandown 500 and his four wins in the Bathurst 500/1000.", "Allan Moffat __knowledge__ Moffat was inducted into the V8 Supercars Hall of Fame in 1999.", "Allan Moffat __knowledge__ Moffat and his long-time friend and rival (and later co-driver) Peter Brock are the only drivers to have won The Great Race at Bathurst in both its 500-mile and 1000-kilometre formats.", "Allan Moffat __knowledge__ Born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Moffat moved to Australia as a 17-year-old college student with his parents when his father, who worked for Massey Ferguson, was transferred to Melbourne for work and in the early 1960s embarked on his record-setting motor racing career.", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ Funny Looking Angels is a collaborative Christmas album recorded by English musicians Tom Smith (Editors) and Andy Burrows (I Am Arrows, We Are Scientists, ex-Razorlight).", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ It was released on 25 November 2011 through Kitchenware Records.", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ The album contains four covers: \"Only You\" by Yazoo, Black's \"Wonderful Life\", \"Funny Looking Angels\" by Delta, and \"On and On\" by Longpigs.", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ \"Funny Looking Angels\" was released as the lead single to promote the album.", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ The second single, \"When the Thames Froze\", was released on 12 December 2011.", "Funny Looking Angels __knowledge__ It has peaked at number 32 on the UK Indie Chart, and entered national charts in Belgium and the Netherlands.", "Edwin Hansford __knowledge__ Edwin Arnold Hansford (December 1, 1895 – March 12, 1959) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada, and served as leader of that province's Co-operative Commonwealth Federation between 1948 and 1952.", "Edwin Hansford __knowledge__ Hansford was born in the Annapolis Valley region of Nova Scotia.", "Edwin Hansford __knowledge__ He served overseas in World War I for four-and-a-half years, and subsequently worked for Canadian National Railways.", "Edwin Hansford __knowledge__ Hansford ran as a candidate of the Independent Labour Party in the federal riding of St. Boniface, in the 1930 federal election, but was defeated.", "Edwin Hansford __knowledge__ Five years later, he was again defeated as a candidate of the CCF (successor party to the ILP in Manitoba).", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Protective equipment in gridiron football (\"football gear\") consists of equipment worn by football players for the protection of the body during the course of a football game.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Basic equipment worn by most football players include helmet, shoulder pads, gloves, shoes, and thigh and knee pads, and a jockstrap or compression shorts with or without a protective cup.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Neck rolls, elbow pads, mouth guards, hip pads, tailbone pads, rib pads, and other equipment may be worn in addition to the aforementioned basics.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Football protective equipment is made of synthetic materials: foam rubbers, elastics, and durable, shock-resistant, molded plastic.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ A third jersey, alternate jersey, third kit or alternate uniform is a jersey or uniform that a sports team wear in games instead of its home outfit or its away outfit, often when the colors of two competing teams' other uniforms are too similar to play easily.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Alternate jerseys are also a means for professional sports organizations to generate revenue, by sales to fans.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Of North American sports leagues, the NFL generates $1.2 billion annually in jersey sales, with the NBA second selling $900 million annually.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Another use of the alternate uniform is for identifying with causes, like the Central Coast Mariners wear an alternate pink kit on pink ribbon day.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms, throwback jerseys or retro kits or heritage guernseys are sports uniforms styled to resemble the uniforms that a team wore in the past.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ One-time or limited-time retro uniforms are sometimes produced to be worn by teams in games, on special occasions such as anniversaries of significant events.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms have proven popular in all major pro and college sports in North America, not only with fans, but with the teams' merchandising departments.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Because the \"authentic\" uniforms (accurate reproductions) and less-authentic \"replicas\" had been so popular at retail, the professional leagues institutionalized throwbacks as \"third jerseys\".", "Logos and uniforms of the Pittsburgh Steelers __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League were founded in 1933.", "Logos and uniforms of the Pittsburgh Steelers __knowledge__ Over the course of the team's history, the team has had several logos while wearing virtually the same uniforms over the years, with subtle changes made to give the uniforms an updated look.", "Logos and uniforms of the Pittsburgh Steelers __knowledge__ The team colors, uniforms, and logo are often ranked as being among the best in the NFL.", "Logos and uniforms of the Pittsburgh Steelers __knowledge__ The Steelers have used black and gold as their colors since the club's inception, the lone exception being the 1943 season when they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles and formed the \"Steagles\"; the team's colors at that time were green and white as a result of wearing Eagles uniforms.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The New York Mets, founded in 1962, returned National League baseball to New York following the departure of the Brooklyn Dodgers to Los Angeles and the New York Giants to San Francisco.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The Mets' uniform was designed to incorporate elements of both departed clubs, with the Dodgers' royal blue becoming the Mets' primary color and the Giants' orange the trim color, along with the Giants' \"NY\" crest adopted as the new team's cap logo.", "Logos and uniforms of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The original Mets uniform had a \"clean and classic\" look that, while it has undergone a number of changes over the course of the team's history, has never been substantially revised.", "Logos and uniforms of the San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The logo and uniforms of the San Francisco 49ers have evolved since their inception in 1946.", "Logos and uniforms of the San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The 49ers changed uniform designs and color combinations quite often in their first eighteen years of existence.", "Logos and uniforms of the San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ From the team's inception in 1946 through the early 1960s, the San Francisco 49ers usually wore red, white or silver helmets, white or light-gray pants, and cardinal red (home) and white (road) jerseys.", "Logos and uniforms of the San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The 49ers' original logo was a mustached 49er gold miner from the 1849 California Gold Rush, dressed in plaid pants and a red shirt, jumping in midair with his hat falling off, and fired pistols in each hand: one nearly shooting his foot, and the other pistol forming the word \"Forty-Niners\" from its smoke.", "Los Angeles Rams __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Rams are a professional American football team based in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.", "Los Angeles Rams __knowledge__ The Rams compete in the National Football League (NFL), as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) West division.", "Los Angeles Rams __knowledge__ The Rams franchise has won three NFL championships, and is the only franchise to win championships while representing three different cities (Cleveland in 1945, Los Angeles in 1951, and St. Louis in 1999).", "Los Angeles Rams __knowledge__ The Rams play their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California.", "Los Angeles Rams __knowledge__ The franchise began in 1936 as the Cleveland Rams, located in Cleveland, Ohio." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis __knowledge__ Media portrayals of the Ukrainian crisis, including 2014 unrest and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution following the Euromaidan movement, differed widely between Ukrainian, western and Russian media.", "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis __knowledge__ The Russian, the Ukrainian, and the Western media were all, to various degrees, accused of propagandizing, and of waging an information war during their coverage of the events.", "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis __knowledge__ Russian channels were repeatedly criticized for the use of misleading images, false narratives, misrepresentation, suppression, and fabricated news stories, such as a child's crucifixion and the death of a 10-year-old in shelling.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The July Crisis was a diplomatic crisis among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914 that led to World War I.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Immediately after Gavrilo Princip, a Slavic nationalist, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo, a series of diplomatic manoeuvres led to an ultimatum from Austria-Hungary to the Kingdom of Serbia, and eventually to war.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The assassination had been carried out by those wishing to unite all of the territories with majority South Slavic population not already ruled by the Kingdom of Serbia or Kingdom of Montenegro.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Austria-Hungary's post-assassination ultimatum was part of a coercive program meant to weaken the Kingdom of Serbia's threat to take control of the northern Balkans and its significant Southern Slavic population, especially the Bosnian Serbs.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "Russia under Vladimir Putin __knowledge__ Vladimir Putin has served three terms as President of Russia (2000 to 2004, 2004 to 2008 and 2012 to present) and was acting president from 1999–2000, succeeding Boris Yeltsin after Yeltsin's early retirement.", "Russia under Vladimir Putin __knowledge__ Putin was also prime minister for three months in 1999 and served a full term from 2008 to 2012.", "Russia under Vladimir Putin __knowledge__ During Putin's presidency he has been a member of the Unity party and the United Russia party.", "Russia under Vladimir Putin __knowledge__ He is also affiliated with the People's Front, a group of supporters that Putin organized in 2011 to help improve the public's perception of United Russia.", "Russia under Vladimir Putin __knowledge__ His political ideology, priorities and policies are sometimes referred to as \"Putinism\" ().", "Russia–United States relations __knowledge__ Russia–United States relations is the bilateral relationship between the United States of America and the Russian Federation, the successor state to the Soviet Union.", "Russia–United States relations __knowledge__ The United States and Russia maintain diplomatic and trade relations.", "Russia–United States relations __knowledge__ The relationship was generally warm under the Russian President Boris Yeltsin (1991–1999) until the NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the spring of 1999, and has since deteriorated significantly.", "Russia–United States relations __knowledge__ In 2014, relations greatly strained due to the crisis in Ukraine, Russia's annexation of Crimea, in 2015 over differences regarding Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War, and from the end of 2016 over Russia's alleged interference in the 2016 U.S. elections.", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections __knowledge__ The United States Intelligence Community concluded with high confidence that the Russian government engaged in electoral interference during the 2016 U.S. presidential election.", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections __knowledge__ A January 2017 assessment by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) stated that Russian leadership favored presidential candidate Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton, and that Russian president Vladimir Putin personally ordered an \"influence campaign\" to harm Clinton's electoral chances and \"undermine public faith in the US democratic process.\"", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections __knowledge__ On October 7, 2016, the ODNI and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) jointly stated that the U.S. Intelligence Community was confident that the Russian Government directed recent hacking of e-mails with the intention of interfering with the U.S. election process. According to the ODNI′s January 6, 2017 report, the Russian military intelligence service (GRU) had hacked the servers of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) and the personal Google email account of Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta and forwarded their contents to WikiLeaks.", "Russia–European Union relations __knowledge__ Russian–European relations are the international relations between the European Union (EU) and its largest bordering state, the Russian Federation, to the east.", "Russia–European Union relations __knowledge__ The relations of individual member states of the European Union and Russia vary, though a 1990s common foreign policy outline towards Russia was the first such EU foreign policy agreed.", "Russia–European Union relations __knowledge__ Furthermore, four \"European Union-Russia Common Spaces\" are agreed as a framework for establishing better relations.", "Russia–European Union relations __knowledge__ The latest EU-Russia strategic partnership was signed in 2011, but it was later challenged by the European Parliament in 2015 following the annexation of Crimea and war in Donbass.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Sports in Canada consist of a wide variety of games.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ The most common sports are ice hockey, lacrosse, football, soccer, basketball, curling and baseball, with ice hockey and lacrosse being the official winter and summer sports, respectively.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Ice hockey, referred to as simply \"hockey\", is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ It is Canada's official national winter sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest and official summer sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Winter Sports in Australia encompasses a great variety of activities across the continent of Australia, including winter sports played in snow and ice such as ice hockey.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Climate varies considerably from the tropical North to temperate South in Australia, and sporting practices vary accordingly.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Ice and snow sports like Skiing in Australia are conducted in the high country of the Australian Alps and Tasmanian Wilderness.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Australia has relatively low mountain ranges, but a long history of participation in recreational skiing (since the 1860s) and the Winter Olympic Games (since 1936).", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Australians have won olympic gold in ice skating, skiing and snow-boarding events.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ However, the advent of the state-sponsored \"full-time amateur athlete\" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: association football, rugby (union and league), cricket, netball, darts, golf, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, bowls, modern rowing, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards, and curling.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This has meant that in the infancy of many sports, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland formed among the earliest separate governing bodies, national teams and domestic league competitions.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After 1922 some sports formed separate bodies for Northern Ireland though some continued to be organised on an all-Ireland basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In a small number of sports, these teams are supplemented by high-profile events featuring a combined team representing one or more nations." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]

[ "Yes it is. Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, with two teams of skaters using their sticks to shoot a puck in a goal.", "Yes, that is why it is called ice hockey. It is fast-paced and physical, with six players on each team.", "They wear large jerseys with padding underneath to protect from collisions, as well as helmets. It is most popular in Canada, Europe, Russia, and the USA.", "Ice hockey is the official winter sport of Canada and is very popular. It is also the most popular winter spot in Russia.", "Correct, the North America National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest league for men's ice hockey in the world. Many famous player have played there." ]

[ "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey" ]

[ "Chevrolet\nHave you ever driven a chevrolet?", "I've never owned a Chevy, did you like it?", "I didn't know that, what else can you tell me about them?", "Still? I know I have seen a lot of Ford model government vehicles.", "Yeah that makes a lot of sense, that way government officials are safe!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Lexus LFA __knowledge__ The Lexus LFA (Japanese: レクサス・LFA, \"Rekusasu LFA\") is a two-seat supercar from Lexus.", "Lexus LFA __knowledge__ It is the second model in the F marque line of performance vehicles from Lexus, following the IS F. Three concept versions have been shown, each debuting at the North American International Auto Show with the LF-A designation as part of the LF Series concept line.", "Lexus LFA __knowledge__ After beginning development in the early 2000s (codenamed P280), the first LF-A concept premiered in 2005, followed in 2007 by a second LF-A with a more completely furnished interior and exterior.", "Lexus LFA __knowledge__ The third version of the LF-A, a roadster model, premiered in 2008.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C3) was a sports car that was produced by Chevrolet for the 1968 through 1982 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ Engines and chassis components were mostly carried over from the previous generation, but the body and interior were new.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ It set new sales records with 53,807 produced for the 1979 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The C3 is the third generation of the Chevrolet Corvette, while the 1969 through 1976 models mark the second generation of the Corvette Stingray.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The Corvette C3 was patterned after the Mako Shark II designed by Larry Shinoda.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ Executed under Bill Mitchell's direction, the Mako II had been initiated in early 1964.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ Muscle car is an American term used to refer to a variety of high-performance automobiles.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ The \"Merriam-Webster\" dictionary defines muscle cars as \"any of a group of American-made 2-door sports cars with powerful engines designed for high-performance driving.\"", "Muscle car __knowledge__ A large V8 engine is fitted in a 2-door, rear wheel drive, family-style compact, mid-size or full-size car designed for four or more passengers.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ Sold at an affordable price, muscle cars are intended for street use and occasional drag racing.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ They are distinct from two-seat sports cars and expensive 2+2 GTs intended for high-speed touring and road racing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "The Ballad of Chevy Chase __knowledge__ \"The Ballad of Chevy Chase\" is an English ballad, catalogued as Child Ballad 162.", "The Ballad of Chevy Chase __knowledge__ There are two extant ballads under this title, both of which narrate the same story.", "The Ballad of Chevy Chase __knowledge__ As ballads existed within oral tradition before being written down, other versions of this once popular song also may have existed.", "The Ballad of Chevy Chase __knowledge__ Moreover, other ballads used its tune without necessarily referring to \"The Ballad of Chevy Chase.\"", "The Ballad of Chevy Chase __knowledge__ The ballads tell the story of a large hunting party upon a parcel of hunting land (or \"chase\") in the Cheviot Hills (a range of rolling hills straddling the Anglo-Scottish border between Northumberland and the Scottish Borders), hence the term, \"Chevy Chase\".", "Chevy Chase, Maryland __knowledge__ Chevy Chase is the name of both a town and an unincorporated census-designated place (Chevy Chase (CDP), Maryland) that straddle the northwest border of Washington, D.C. and Montgomery County, Maryland.", "Chevy Chase, Maryland __knowledge__ Several settlements in the same area of Montgomery County and one neighborhood of Washington, D.C. include \"Chevy Chase\" in their names.", "Chevy Chase, Maryland __knowledge__ These villages, the town, and the CDP share a common history and together form a larger community colloquially referred to as \"Chevy Chase\".", "Chevy Chase, Maryland __knowledge__ Primarily a residential suburb, Chevy Chase adjoins Friendship Heights, a popular shopping district.", "Chevy Chase, Maryland __knowledge__ It includes the National 4-H Youth Conference Center, which hosts the National Science Bowl annually in either late April or early May.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School (B-CC) is a public school in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ It is named for two of the towns it serves; it also serves Kensington and Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ It is located at 4301 East-West Highway, in Bethesda.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ In May 2012, Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School was ranked #6 in the state of Maryland, and #151 in the nation.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ Bethesda-Chevy Chase is a part of Montgomery County Public Schools.", "Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School __knowledge__ The school serves the Chevy Chase and Bethesda areas including the towns of Chevy Chase, Chevy Chase View, Chevy Chase Village, and Somerset; and the villages of Chevy Chase Section Three, Chevy Chase Section Five, Martin's Additions and North Chevy Chase.", "Streetcars in Washington, D.C. __knowledge__ For just under 100 years, between 1862 and 1962, streetcars in Washington, D.C. transported people across the city and region.", "Streetcars in Washington, D.C. __knowledge__ The first streetcars in Washington, D.C., were drawn by horses and carried people short distances on flat terrain; but the introduction of cleaner and faster electric streetcars, capable of climbing steeper inclines, opened up the hilly suburbs north of the old city and in Anacostia.", "Streetcars in Washington, D.C. __knowledge__ Several of the District's streetcar lines were extended into Maryland, and two Virginia lines crossed into the District.", "Streetcars in Washington, D.C. __knowledge__ For a brief time, the city experimented with cable cars, but by the beginning of the 20th century, the streetcar system was fully electrified.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Impala ) is a full-size car built by Chevrolet for model years 1958–85, 1994–96, and since 2000 onwards.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Impala was Chevrolet's most expensive passenger model through 1965, and had become the best-selling automobile in the United States.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ For its debut in 1958, the Impala was distinguished from other models by its symmetrical triple taillights, which returned from 1960–96.", "Chevrolet Impala __knowledge__ The Caprice was introduced as a top-line Impala Sport Sedan for model year 1965, later becoming a separate series positioned above the Impala in 1966, which, in turn, remained above the Bel Air and the Biscayne.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ The Prince George's County Sheriff's Office (PGSO), officially the Office of the Sheriff, Prince George's County (PGOS), provides law enforcement services in Prince George's County, Maryland in the United States.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ Its headquarters are located in Upper Marlboro, near the Depot Pond.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ The sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer of Prince George's County and is elected every four years.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ There are no term limits for the sheriff.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ Created in 1696, the traditional duties of the sheriff are keeper of the public peace and the enforcement arm of the county court, analogous to the U.S.", "Prince George's County Sheriff's Office __knowledge__ Marshals Service.", "Chevrolet Impala (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Chevrolet Impala were full-sized automobiles produced by Chevrolet for the 1971 through 1976 model years and was one of GM's top-selling models throughout the 1970s.", "Chevrolet Impala (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Models included a sport coupe using a semi-fastback roofline shared with other B-body GM cars, custom coupe with the formal roofline from the Caprice, four-door sedan, four-door hardtop sport sedan, and a convertible, - each of which rode on a new 121.5-inch wheelbase and measured 217 inches overall.", "Chevrolet Impala (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Station wagons rode on a longer 125-inch wheelbase.", "Chevrolet Impala (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The 1971 redesigned B-body would be the largest car ever offered by Chevrolet.", "Enterprise Rent-A-Car __knowledge__ Enterprise Rent-A-Car is an American car rental company headquartered in Clayton, Missouri, United States in Greater St. Louis.", "Enterprise Rent-A-Car __knowledge__ In addition to car rental, Enterprise also oversees commercial fleet management, used car sales, and commercial truck rental operations.", "Enterprise Rent-A-Car __knowledge__ Enterprise Rent-A-Car was established in St. Louis, Missouri in 1957 by Jack C. Taylor.", "Enterprise Rent-A-Car __knowledge__ Originally known as \"Executive Leasing Company,\" in 1969, Taylor renamed the company \"Enterprise\" after the aircraft carrier , on which he served during World War II.", "Enterprise Rent-A-Car __knowledge__ In 2009, Enterprise became a subsidiary of Enterprise Holdings, Inc., following the company's 2007 acquisition of Vanguard Automotive Group, the parent company of National Car Rental and Alamo Rent a Car.", "Scraper (car) __knowledge__ A scraper is an informal term to describe a modified American-made luxury/family car, usually a General Motors model from the 1980s to current vehicles, typically enhanced with after-market rims.", "Scraper (car) __knowledge__ Scrapers are popular in the San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California, usually associated with the hyphy music and lifestyle movement.", "Scraper (car) __knowledge__ An example of hyphy is shown in the E-40 lyrics \"sittin' in my scraper watching Oakland gone wild\".", "Scraper (car) __knowledge__ A scraper is a general description and can refer to a number of different model cars.", "Scraper (car) __knowledge__ Popular models include the Buick Regal and LeSabre, Pontiac Bonneville, Buick Century, Oldsmobile Delta 88, Buick Riviera, Buick Reatta, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, Pontiac Grand Prix, Lexus SC, Chevrolet Caprice Classic, and Chevrolet Impalas, as well as full size conversion vans such as the GMC Vandura.", "Co-op City Department of Public Safety __knowledge__ The Co-op City Department of Public Safety (CCPD) is a private police force in the Bronx, a borough of New York City, whose duties are to protect the property and citizens of Co-op City, and to enforce state and city laws on Co-op City property.", "Co-op City Department of Public Safety __knowledge__ The Co-op City Department of Public Safety currently employs more than 100 Public Safety officers and 10 civilian employees.", "Co-op City Department of Public Safety __knowledge__ Co-op City management created the Co-op City Department of Public Safety to protect the property and citizens of Co-op City.", "Co-op City Department of Public Safety __knowledge__ Co-op City is the largest housing development in the world, with approximately 60,000 residents, 35 high rise buildings, 3 shopping centers, 240 duplex townhouses, 2 school complexes, and 8 parking garages over a area.", "Holden Kingswood __knowledge__ The Holden Kingswood is at the 'everymans' level of the full-size car range that was manufactured in Australia by Holden, from the beginning of the HK series in 1968 through to the conclusion of the WB series in 1984.", "Holden Kingswood __knowledge__ Prior to 1968, the full-size Holden range of family cars comprised the Holden Standard the Holden Special and Holden Premier models.", "Holden Kingswood __knowledge__ Initially, the HK range of models included the basic Holden Belmont (replacing the Standard), the Kingswood (replacing the Special), and the luxury-oriented Holden Premier, all of which were manufactured in a choice of sedan and station wagon bodies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The Ford Torino is an automobile which was produced by Ford for the North American market between 1968 and 1976.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ It was a competitor in the intermediate market segment.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The car was named after the city of Turin (\"Torino\", in Italian), considered \"\"the Italian Detroit\"\".", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The Torino was initially an upscale variation of the intermediate sized Ford Fairlane, which Ford produced between 1962 and 1970.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ After 1968, the \"Fairlane\" name was retained for the base models with lower levels of trim than those models which wore the \"Torino\" name.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ During this time, the Torino was considered a subseries to the Fairlane.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80; later known as the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer launched in 1977 and sold by Tandy Corporation through their Radio Shack stores.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ The name is an abbreviation of \"Tandy/Radio Shack, Z-80 microprocessor\".", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest mass-produced and mass-marketed retail personal computers.", "TRS-80 __knowledge__ Notable features of the TRS-80 included its full-stroke QWERTY keyboard, its new Zilog Z80 processor (rather than the more common Intel 8080), 4K RAM standard memory (many 8-bit computers then shipped with only 1K RAM), small size and desk footprint, its floating-point BASIC programming language, an included 64 column video monitor, and a starting price of US$600 (equivalent to US$ in 2017).", "Aluminum Model Toys __knowledge__ Aluminum Model Toys, known by the acronym AMT, was a Troy, Michigan-based company that manufactured various pre-assembled plastic promotional models starting in 1948, when attorney West Gallogly, Sr. started it as a side business.", "Aluminum Model Toys __knowledge__ Later, a variety of kits became very popular.", "Aluminum Model Toys __knowledge__ Most of the company's vehicle products were American cars and trucks in 1:25 scale.", "Aluminum Model Toys __knowledge__ In the 1970s, hot rods, customs, trucks and movie and TV vehicles were also produced.", "Aluminum Model Toys __knowledge__ Because Gallogly had solid connections with Ford Motor Company, he was able to place his first models exclusively in Ford dealerships, starting a long promotional relationship (Cawthon 2002).", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The Toyota Celica or is an automobile produced by Toyota from 1970 to 2006.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The Celica name was ultimately derived from the Latin word \"coelica\" meaning \"heavenly\" or \"celestial\".", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ In Japan, the Celica was exclusive to Toyota Japanese dealerships \"Toyota Corolla Store.\"", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ Throughout its life span the Celica has been powered by various four-cylinder engines.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The most significant change occurred in August 1985, when the car's drive layout was changed from rear-wheel drive to front-wheel drive.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ During the first three generations, American market Celicas were powered by various versions of Toyota's R series engines.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador was the top-of-the-line automobile produced by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) from 1958 until 1974.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The vehicle was known as the AMC Ambassador, Ambassador V-8 by Rambler, and Rambler Ambassador at various times during its tenure in production.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Previously, the name Ambassador had applied to Nash's \"senior\" full-size cars.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador nameplate was used continuously from 1927 until 1974 (the name being a top-level trim line between 1927 and 1931); at the time it was discontinued, Ambassador was the longest continuously used nameplate in automotive history.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Most Ambassador models were built in Kenosha, Wisconsin.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ The Grand Prix was a line of automobiles produced by the Pontiac Division of General Motors from 1962 through 2002 for coupes and 1988-2008 for sedans.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size car model offering for the 1962 model year, the marque varied repeatedly in size, luxury, and performance during its lifespan.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ Among the changes were positioning in the personal luxury car market segment and mid-size car offering from the 2nd generation to the 5th generation for the sedan and from the 2nd generation to the 6th generation from the coupe; it returned to a full-size car from the 6th generation to the 7th generation for the sedan, positioned below the larger Bonneville in Pontiac's model lineup.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Fordson was a brand name of tractors and trucks.", "Fordson __knowledge__ It was used on a range of mass-produced general-purpose tractors manufactured by Henry Ford & Son Inc from 1917 to 1920, by Ford Motor Company (U.S.) and Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1920 to 1928, and by Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1929 to 1964.", "Fordson __knowledge__ They later also built trucks under the Fordson brand.", "Fordson __knowledge__ American engineer, inventor, and businessman Henry Ford built experimental tractors from automobile components during the early 20th century, and launched a prototype known as the Model B in August 1915.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Further prototypes, with a dedicated tractor design, followed in 1916.", "Vehicle registration plates of the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, license plates are issued by a department of motor vehicles, or the Motor Vehicle Agency, in the case of Maryland, an agency of the state or territorial government, or in the case of the District of Columbia, the city government.", "Vehicle registration plates of the United States __knowledge__ Some American Indian tribes also issue plates.", "Vehicle registration plates of the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. federal government issues plates only for its own vehicle fleet and for vehicles owned by foreign diplomats.", "Vehicle registration plates of the United States __knowledge__ Until the 1980s, diplomatic plates were issued by the state in which the consulate or embassy was located.", "Vehicle registration plates of the United States __knowledge__ The appearances of plates are frequently chosen to contain symbols, colors, or slogans associated with the issuing jurisdiction.", "Ford Model T __knowledge__ The Ford Model T (colloquially known as the Tin Lizzie, Leaping Lena, or flivver) is an automobile produced by Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927.", "Ford Model T __knowledge__ It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, the car that opened travel to the common middle-class American; some of this was because of Ford's efficient fabrication, including assembly line production instead of individual hand crafting.", "Ford Model T __knowledge__ The Ford Model T was named the most influential car of the 20th century in the 1999 Car of the Century competition, ahead of the BMC Mini, Citroën DS, and Volkswagen Type 1.", "Ford Model T __knowledge__ Ford's Model T was successful not only because it provided inexpensive transportation on a massive scale, but also because the car signified innovation for the rising middle class and became a powerful symbol of America's age of modernization.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ All motorised road vehicles in India are tagged with a registration or license number.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ The Vehicle registration plate (commonly known as number plate) number is issued by the district-level Regional Transport Office (RTO) of respective states — the main authority on road matters.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ The number plates are placed in the front and back of the vehicle.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ By law, all plates are required to be in modern Arabic numerals with Latin letters.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ Other guidelines include having the plate lit up at night and the restriction of the fonts that could be used.", "Vehicle registration plates of India __knowledge__ In some states such as Sikkim, cars bearing outside plates are barred from entering restricted areas.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Nissan Skyline (Japanese: 日産・スカイライン \"Nissan Sukairain\") is a line of compact cars, sports cars and compact executive cars originally produced by the Prince Motor Company starting in 1957, and then by Nissan after the two companies merged in 1967.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ After the merger, the Skyline and its larger counterpart, the Nissan Gloria, were sold in Japan at dealership sales channels called \"Nissan Prince Shop.\"", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Skyline was largely designed and engineered by Shinichro Sakurai from inception, and he remained a chief influence of the car until his death in 2011.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ Skylines are available in either coupe, or sedan body styles, plus station wagon, crossover, convertible and pickup/sedan delivery body styles.", "AMC Concord __knowledge__ The AMC Concord is a compact car produced by the American Motors Corporation for the 1978 through 1983 model years.", "AMC Concord __knowledge__ The Concord replaced the AMC Hornet and to some extent the mid-size AMC Matador, discontinued after 1978 in a market moving to downsized automobiles.", "AMC Concord __knowledge__ Offered in four-door sedan, two-door coupe (through 1982), three-door hatchback (through 1979) and four-door station wagon forms, AMC sought to give its, by this time venerable, compact car an image of luxury, class, and value.", "AMC Concord __knowledge__ The Concord was AMC's volume seller from the time it appeared.", "AMC Concord __knowledge__ The car was available as a sports-oriented two-door hatchback AMX model without any \"Concord\" badges or identification for the 1978 model year, as well as the Concord Sundancer convertible during 1981 and 1982, an authorized conversion sold through AMC dealers.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The AMC Hornet is a compact automobile which was manufactured and marketed by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) in a single generation from model years 1970 through 1977.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The Hornet replaced the compact Rambler American marking the end of the Rambler marque in the American and Canadian markets.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ Hornets were also marketed in foreign markets, as well as assembled under license agreements with AMC that included Vehículos Automotores Mexicanos (VAM), Australian Motor Industries (AMI), and by Toyota S.A. Ltd. in South Africa.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ The new Hornet became an important vehicle and platform for AMC.", "AMC Hornet __knowledge__ It served the company in one form or another for eighteen years, until the 1988 model year.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Lexus IS __knowledge__ The Lexus IS (Japanese: レクサス・IS, \"Rekusasu IS\") is a compact executive car sold by Lexus since 1999.", "Lexus IS __knowledge__ The IS was originally sold under the Toyota Altezza nameplate in Japan from 1998 (the word \"Altezza\" is Italian for \"highness\") until the introduction of the Lexus brand and the second-generation Lexus IS design in 2006.", "Lexus IS __knowledge__ The IS was introduced as an entry-level sport model positioned below the ES in the Lexus lineup.", "Lexus IS __knowledge__ The Altezza name is still used at times to refer to chromed car taillights like those fitted to the first-generation model, known as \"Altezza lights\".", "Lexus IS __knowledge__ The first-generation Altezza (codename XE10) was launched in Japan in October 1998, while the Lexus IS 200 (GXE10) made its debut in Europe in 1999 and in North America as the IS 300 (JCE10) in 2000.", "Subaru Legacy __knowledge__ The Subaru Legacy is a mid-size car built by Japanese automobile manufacturer Subaru since 1989.", "Subaru Legacy __knowledge__ Part of the original design goals for the Legacy model was to provide Subaru a vehicle in which they could compete in the lucrative North American mid-size market against competitors Honda Accord, Toyota Camry, Mazda6, and Nissan Altima.", "Subaru Legacy __knowledge__ Higher performance variants of the Legacy are offered as competitive alternatives to compact executive cars such as the Audi A4, Alfa Romeo 159 and BMW 3 Series.", "Subaru Legacy __knowledge__ The Legacy also serves as Subaru's flagship car.", "Subaru Legacy __knowledge__ In 1996, a variant of the Legacy with heightened suspension called the Legacy Outback was introduced to compete in the burgeoning sport-utility vehicle class and proved to be a sales success for Subaru." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ Air transports for heads of state and government are, in many countries, provided by the air force in specially equipped airliners or business jets.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ One such aircraft particular has become part of popular culture: Air Force One, used by the President of the United States and operated by the United States Air Force.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ The first head of state or government to receive official and dedicated air transport was the British Monarch.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ In 1928, two Westland Wapitis were delivered to No.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ 24 Squadron at RAF Northolt for the express purpose of the transportation of the Royal Family.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ Between 1929 and 1935, Edward, Prince of Wales, purchased 13 aircraft.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ The Flint water crisis began in 2014 when the drinking water source for the city of Flint, Michigan was changed to the Flint River.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ Due to insufficient water treatment, over 100,000 residents were potentially exposed to high levels of lead in the drinking water.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ After a pair of scientific studies proved lead contamination was present in the water supply, a federal state of emergency was declared in January 2016 and Flint residents were instructed to use only bottled or filtered water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and bathing.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ As of early 2017, the water quality had returned to acceptable levels; however, residents were instructed to continue to use bottled or filtered water until all the lead pipes have been replaced, which is expected to be completed no sooner than 2020.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Joint Planning and Development Office __knowledge__ The United States Congress established the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) in 2003 to plan and coordinate the development of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen).", "Joint Planning and Development Office __knowledge__ The JPDO is a multi-agency public/private initiative to include: United States Department of Transportation, United States Department of Defense, Department of Commerce, Department of Homeland Security, Federal Aviation Administration, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.", "Joint Planning and Development Office __knowledge__ Congress ended funding for JPDO in 2014.", "Joint Planning and Development Office __knowledge__ The NextGen portfolio includes large-scale investments, research, and operational changes that will profoundly impact the capabilities of the nation’s air transportation system.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ This stems from the fact that while some countries have national regulations, the legality of road use is left to states and provinces, and then complicated further by municipal laws and restrictions.", "Student rights in higher education __knowledge__ Student rights are those rights, such as civil, constitutional, contractual and consumer rights, which regulate student rights and freedoms and allow students to make use of their educational investment.", "Student rights in higher education __knowledge__ These include such things as the right to free speech and association, to due process, equality, autonomy, safety and privacy, and accountability in contracts and advertising, which regulate the treatment of students by teachers and administrators.", "Student rights in higher education __knowledge__ There is very little scholarship about student rights throughout the world.", "Student rights in higher education __knowledge__ In general most countries have some kind of student rights (or rights that apply in the educational setting) enshrined in their laws and proceduralized by their court precedents.", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ Pilot certification in the United States is typically required for an individual to act as a pilot-in-command of an aircraft.", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ It is regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a branch of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT).", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ A pilot is certified under the authority of Parts 61 or (if training was conducted by an FAA-approved school) 141 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, also known as the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs).", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ An FAA-issued \"pilot certificate\" is evidence that an individual is duly authorized to exercise piloting privileges.", "Pilot certification in the United States __knowledge__ The pilot certificate is one of several kinds of \"airman certificates\" issued by the FAA.", "Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 __knowledge__ The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (\"FISMA\", , \"et seq.\")", "Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 __knowledge__ is a United States federal law enacted in 2002 as Title III of the E-Government Act of 2002 (, ).", "Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 __knowledge__ The act recognized the importance of information security to the economic and national security interests of the United States.", "Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 __knowledge__ The act requires each federal agency to develop, document, and implement an agency-wide program to provide information security for the information and information systems that support the operations and assets of the agency, including those provided or managed by another agency, contractor, or other source." ] ]

[ 0, 38, 0, 10, 46 ]

[ "Yes, I have owned several Chevrolet Impalas", "Yes, I love them. Do you know the first models came out in 1958?", "The are the most expensive of the sedan models and are often used as official government vehicles.", "True, however, whatever model is chosen, it must meet certain requirements. Criteria includes adequate security, capability and stateliness.", "Most, if not all, government agencies use American model cars. The vehicle serves as an automotive symbol for the country." ]

[ "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet" ]

[ "Allergy", "That is terrible! What allergies do you suffer from? ", "I am allergic to grass actually. Every time I get near the stuff I start sneezing like crazy!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ There is a wide variety of allergies that dogs can suffer from.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ While they typically become visible through skin conditions, there are a number of other symptoms and warning signs to look for.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Dog allergies can happen just like in their human companions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ These allergies usually manifest themselves as skin conditions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ What this will do is provoke the immune system of the dog to overreact in the form of a number of different symptoms, most notably a skin irritation.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Unfortunately, allergies are becoming more common every day just as they are with humans.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Skin irritation from allergies is fairly easy to identify.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ Allergies in children are those causes, pathophsiology, treatments, management, practices and control of allergies that develop in children.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ Up to 40 percent of children suffer from allergic rhinitis.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ And children are more likely to develop allergies if one or both parents have allergies.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ Allergies differ between adults and children.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ Part of the reason for this that the respiratory system in children is smaller.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ The bronchi and bronchioles are narrower so even a slight decrease in diameter of these airways can have serious consequences.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ In addition, children often 'outgrow' their allergies.", "Allergies in children __knowledge__ The incidence of childhood allergies has increased in the past 50 years.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Jack jumper ant __knowledge__ The jack jumper ant (\"Myrmecia pilosula\"), commonly known as the hopper ant, jumper ant or jumping jack, is a species of venomous ant native to Australia.", "Jack jumper ant __knowledge__ Most commonly found in Tasmania and southeast mainland Australia, it is a member of the genus \"Myrmecia\", subfamily Myrmeciinae, and was formally described and named by British entomologist Frederick Smith in 1858.", "Jack jumper ant __knowledge__ This species is known for the ability to jump long distances.", "Jack jumper ant __knowledge__ These ants are large; workers and males are approximately the same size: for workers, and for males.", "Jack jumper ant __knowledge__ The queen measures approximately in length and is similar in appearance to workers, whereas males are identifiable by their perceptibly smaller mandibles.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Egg allergy is an immune hypersensitivity to proteins found in chicken eggs, and possibly goose, duck, or turkey eggs.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Other presentations may include atopic dermatitis or inflammation of the esophagus.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) of 2004 requires that the label of a food that contains an ingredient that is or contains protein from these eight major food allergens declare the presence of the allergen in the manner described by the law.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab, sold under the trade name Xolair, is a medication originally designed to reduce sensitivity to allergens.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been used to try to control severe allergic asthma, which does not respond to high doses of corticosteroids.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been approved for treating people 12 years and older with severe or moderate to severe allergic asthma in more than 90 countries, since its first of such approval in 2002 in Australia.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab was approved in March 2014 in the European Union and the U.S.A. and in about 10 other countries for treating patients 12 years and above with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (also referred to as chronic idiopathic urticaria or CIU), which cannot be treated with H1-antihistamines.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin, and a rash.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ In cases of short duration there may be small blisters while in long-term cases the skin may become thickened.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The area of skin involved can vary from small to the entire body.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The exact cause of dermatitis is often unclear.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Cases may involve a combination of irritation, allergy, and poor venous return." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes, and swelling around the eyes.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ The fluid from the nose is usually clear.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ Symptom onset is often within minutes following exposure and they can affect sleep, the ability to work, and the ability to concentrate at school.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ Those whose symptoms are due to pollen typically develop symptoms during specific times of the year.", "Allergic rhinitis __knowledge__ Many people with allergic rhinitis also have asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis.", "Like Crazy __knowledge__ Like Crazy is a 2011 American romantic drama film directed by Drake Doremus and starring Anton Yelchin, Felicity Jones and Jennifer Lawrence.", "Like Crazy __knowledge__ Written by Doremus and Ben York Jones, the film tells the story of Anna (Felicity Jones), a British exchange student who falls in love with an American student, Jacob (Yelchin), only to be separated from him when she is denied re-entry into the United States after staying in the country longer than her student visa allows.", "Like Crazy __knowledge__ Doremus based the storyline of the film partly on his own long-distance relationship with a woman living in London while he lived in Los Angeles.", "Photic sneeze reflex __knowledge__ The photic sneeze reflex (also known as photoptarmosis, Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst Syndrome (ACHOO) and colloquially sun sneezing) is a condition that causes sneezing in response to numerous stimuli, such as looking at bright lights or periocular (surrounding the eyeball) injection.", "Photic sneeze reflex __knowledge__ The condition affects 18-35% of the population in the United States, but its exact mechanism of action is not well understood.", "Photic sneeze reflex __knowledge__ The photic sneeze reflex manifests itself in the form of uncontrollable sneezing in response to a stimulus which would not produce a sneeze in people without the trait.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ The inflammation is caused by viruses, bacteria, irritants or allergens.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ The most common kind of rhinitis is allergic rhinitis, which is usually triggered by airborne allergens such as pollen and dander.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ Allergic rhinitis may cause additional symptoms, such as sneezing and nasal itching, coughing, headache, fatigue, malaise, and cognitive impairment.", "Rhinitis __knowledge__ The allergens may also affect the eyes, causing watery, reddened, or itchy eyes and puffiness around the eyes.", "My Little Pony: The Princess Promenade __knowledge__ My Little Pony: The Princess Promenade is a 2006 direct-to-video animated musical family fantasy film produced by SD Entertainment and distributed by Paramount Home Entertainment in association with Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: The Princess Promenade __knowledge__ The film is the second feature in the third incarnation of the My Little Pony series and the first film to promote the Crystal Princess line.", "My Little Pony: The Princess Promenade __knowledge__ It featured the debut of the Breezies and the 2006 re-design of Spike the dragon, who originally featured in the first My Little Pony series from the 1980s.", "My Little Pony: The Princess Promenade __knowledge__ The film received mostly positive reviews from critics, and became the first successful My Little Pony animation to date, before the debut of \"\".", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ It is also available in combination with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant, known as loratadine/pseudoephedrine.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ It is taken by mouth.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ Common side effects include sleepiness, dry mouth, and headache.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ Serious side effects are rare and include allergic reactions, seizures, and liver problems.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ Use during pregnancy appears to be safe but has not been well studied.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ It is not recommended in children less than two years old.", "Loratadine __knowledge__ It is in the second-generation antihistamine family of medication.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ Antihistamines are drugs which treat allergic rhinitis and other allergies.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ Antihistamines can give relief when a person has nasal congestion, sneezing, or hives because of pollen, dust mites, or animal allergy.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ Typically people take antihistamines as an inexpensive, generic, over-the-counter drug with few side effects.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ As an alternative to taking an antihistamine, people who suffer from allergies can instead avoid the substance which irritates them.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ Antihistamines are usually for short-term treatment.", "Antihistamine __knowledge__ Chronic allergies increase the risk of health problems which antihistamines might not treat, including asthma, sinusitis, and lower respiratory tract infection." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "I have had horrible allergy problems this year. Allergy diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma and anaphylaxis", "I have hay fever allergies. Symptoms can include red, itchy eyes, sneezing, runny nose and sinus pressure. Do you have allergies?", "That's a pain I'm sure. One of the most common allergens is pollen and grass falls into that category." ]

[ "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy" ]

[ "Basketball\nHello!", "Yes.", "My favorite team is the Pistons because they are from my home town.", "Really? I haven't watched Basketball in a while since the old team with Chauncey Billups etc. Didn't even know they moved.", "Interesting! They should have stayed at the Palace. I believe it's magical : )" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Detroit Pistons are an American professional basketball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Little Caesars Arena and was founded in Fort Wayne, Indiana as the Fort Wayne (Zollner) Pistons in 1941, a member of the National Basketball League (NBL).", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons joined the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1948.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ In 1949, the NBL and BAA merged to become the NBA, and the Pistons became part of the merged league.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ Since moving to Detroit in 1957, the Pistons have won three NBA championships in 1989, 1990 and 2004.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ NFL Rush Zone is an American action-adventure animated television series.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ In Season 1, the show centers on an 11-year-old football fan named Ish, who learns he must protect shards of a power source called \"The Core\", hidden at 32 NFL stadiums.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ A television movie closed the first season on February 5, 2011.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a second season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Season of the Guardians) on September 6, 2012; it premiered on November 30, 2012.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a third season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Guardians Unleashed) on July 11, 2013; it premiered on November 20, 2013 and ended on October 22, 2014.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ Chauncey Ray Billups (born September 25, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A star at the University of Colorado, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A five-time NBA All-Star and a three-time All-NBA selection, Billups played for the Celtics, Toronto Raptors, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, New York Knicks, and Los Angeles Clippers during his NBA career.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ He won the NBA Finals MVP in 2004 after helping the Pistons beat the Los Angeles Lakers in the Finals, and was given the nickname \"Mr. Big Shot\" for making late-game shots with Detroit.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2004 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 2003–04 National Basketball Association season.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Finals were between the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference and the Detroit Pistons of the Eastern Conference; the Lakers held home court advantage.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The series was played under a best-of-seven format, so the first team to collect four game victories would win the series.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Although the Lakers were the heavy favorite, the Pistons won the series four games to one to win their first title since 1990 and their fifth overall (three NBA Championships, two NBL Championships).", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Pistons point guard Chauncey Billups was named as the NBA Finals MVP.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Chicago Bulls are an American professional basketball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team was founded on January 16, 1966.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the United Center, an arena shared with the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s, when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three-peats.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2005 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2004–05 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs played the Eastern Conference champion Detroit Pistons for the title, with the Spurs holding home court advantage and the Pistons as defending champions.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The series was played under a best-of-seven format.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ (Unlike the previous three rounds, the team with home court advantage hosted games one, two, six, and seven if all were necessary).", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ It also marked the Pistons first NBA Finals loss to a team other than the Lakers since 1988.", "Ben Wallace __knowledge__ Ben Camey Wallace (born September 10, 1974) is an American retired professional basketball player.", "Ben Wallace __knowledge__ A native of Alabama, Wallace attended Cuyahoga Community College and Virginia Union University and signed with the Washington Bullets (later Wizards) as an undrafted free agent in 1996.", "Ben Wallace __knowledge__ In his NBA career, Wallace played with the Washington Bullets/Wizards, Orlando Magic, Detroit Pistons, Chicago Bulls and Cleveland Cavaliers.", "Ben Wallace __knowledge__ He won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award four times, a record he shares with Dikembe Mutombo.", "Ben Wallace __knowledge__ In nine seasons with the Pistons (2000–2006; 2009–2012), Wallace made two NBA Finals appearances (2004 and 2005) and won a championship with the Pistons in 2004.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ Basking in reflected glory (BIRGing) is a self-serving cognition whereby an individual associates themselves with known successful others such that the winner's success becomes the individual's own accomplishment.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ The affiliation of another's success is enough to stimulate self glory.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ The individual does not need to be personally involved in the successful action.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ To BIRG, they must simply associate themselves with the success.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ Examples of BIRGing include anything from sharing a home state with a past or present famous person, to religious affiliations, to sports teams.", "Basking in reflected glory __knowledge__ For example, when a fan of a football team wears the team's jersey and boasts after a win, this fan is engaging in BIRGing.", "Madden NFL 18 __knowledge__ Madden NFL 18 is an American football sports video game based on the National Football League, developed and published by EA Sports for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.", "Madden NFL 18 __knowledge__ The 29th installment of the \"Madden NFL series\", the game features New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady on the cover, the second straight year a Patriots player has the distinction, following tight end Rob Gronkowski.", "Madden NFL 18 __knowledge__ It was released worldwide on August 25, 2017, although those who pre-ordered the \"G.O.A.T.", "Madden NFL 18 __knowledge__ Edition\" were able to play it three days earlier.", "Madden NFL 18 __knowledge__ It is the first game of the series since \"Madden NFL 2005\" to not be released on both PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, and also the first game in the main series to be available on only two platforms since \"Madden NFL '94\".", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American retired professional basketball player and businessman.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He played his entire 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He entered the NBA directly from high school and won five NBA championships with the Lakers.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Bryant is an 18-time All-Star, 15-time member of the All-NBA Team, and 12-time member of the All-Defensive team.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He led the NBA in scoring during two seasons, and ranks third on the league's all-time regular season scoring and fourth on the all-time postseason scoring list.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He holds the NBA record for the most seasons playing with one franchise for an entire career and is widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.", "NCAA Football (series) __knowledge__ NCAA Football was an American football video game series developed by EA Sports in which players control and compete against current Division I FBS college teams.", "NCAA Football (series) __knowledge__ The series is a younger brother to the \"Madden NFL\" series.", "NCAA Football (series) __knowledge__ In July 2014, the NCAA announced that it would not renew its licensing contract with Electronic Arts because of an ongoing legal dispute regarding the use of player likenesses in the games.", "NCAA Football (series) __knowledge__ However, this contract only covers the use of the NCAA name and related logos, not those of individual schools and conferences, which are negotiated individually or through the Collegiate Licensing Company.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ Alki Oroklini is a Cypriot football club based in Oroklini.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ The team was founded as \"Omonia Oroklinis\" in 1979.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ Omonia had one participation in the Fourth Division.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ In 2014 the team changed their name to Alki Oroklini, when business man Andreas Loppas, who became the president of the team, renamed it to Alki as his favorite team was Alki Larnaca FC which was dissolved that year, due to financial problems.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ Omonia Oroklinis founded at 1979.", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ Until 2013, the team was a member of the local association, Free Area of Famagusta Football Association (POEPA).", "Alki Oroklini __knowledge__ The season 2012–13, took part to the finals of the CFA Integration Championship.", "Spread betting __knowledge__ Spread betting is any of various types of wagering on the outcome of an event where the pay-off is based on the accuracy of the wager, rather than a simple \"win or lose\" outcome, such as fixed-odds (or money-line) betting or parimutuel betting.", "Spread betting __knowledge__ A \"spread\" is a range of outcomes and the bet is whether the outcome will be above or below the spread.", "Spread betting __knowledge__ Spread betting has been a major growth market in the UK in recent years, with the number of gamblers heading towards one million.", "Spread betting __knowledge__ Financial spread betting (see below) can carry a high level of risk if there is no \"stop\".", "Spread betting __knowledge__ In the UK, spread betting is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority rather than the Gambling Commission." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ Chauncey Ray Billups (born September 25, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A star at the University of Colorado, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A five-time NBA All-Star and a three-time All-NBA selection, Billups played for the Celtics, Toronto Raptors, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, New York Knicks, and Los Angeles Clippers during his NBA career.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ He won the NBA Finals MVP in 2004 after helping the Pistons beat the Los Angeles Lakers in the Finals, and was given the nickname \"Mr. Big Shot\" for making late-game shots with Detroit.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Detroit Pistons are an American professional basketball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Little Caesars Arena and was founded in Fort Wayne, Indiana as the Fort Wayne (Zollner) Pistons in 1941, a member of the National Basketball League (NBL).", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons joined the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1948.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ In 1949, the NBL and BAA merged to become the NBA, and the Pistons became part of the merged league.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ Since moving to Detroit in 1957, the Pistons have won three NBA championships in 1989, 1990 and 2004.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ The Denver Nuggets are an American professional basketball team based in Denver, Colorado.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ The Nuggets compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Northwest Division.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ The team was founded as the Denver Larks in 1967 as a charter franchise of the American Basketball Association (ABA), but changed its name to Rockets before the first season.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ It changed its name again to the Nuggets in 1974.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ After the name change, the Nuggets played for the final ABA Championship title in 1976, losing to the New York Nets.", "Denver Nuggets __knowledge__ The team has had some periods of success, qualifying for the ABA Playoffs for all seasons from 1967 to the 1976 ABA playoffs where it lost in the finals.", "Carmelo Anthony __knowledge__ Carmelo Kyam Anthony (born May 29, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Carmelo Anthony __knowledge__ Anthony attended Towson Catholic High School and Oak Hill Academy before playing college basketball at Syracuse.", "Carmelo Anthony __knowledge__ In Anthony's freshman season, he led the Orangemen to their first and only National Championship and was named the NCAA Tournament's Most Outstanding Player.", "Carmelo Anthony __knowledge__ Anthony then entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the third overall pick by the Denver Nuggets.", "Carmelo Anthony __knowledge__ Since entering the NBA, Anthony has been named an All-Star ten times and an All-NBA Team member six times.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ The Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball team represents the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ The team competes in the Pac-12 Conference of NCAA Division I.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ They are currently coached by Tad Boyle.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ The Buffaloes have competed in fourteen NCAA Tournaments, making it to the Final Four twice (1942), and (1955).", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ Colorado has played in nine National Invitation Tournaments, winning the tournament in 1940 and making the semi-finals in 1991 and 2011.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ The Buffs won the Pac-12 conference tournament in 2012, their first season as a member.", "Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball __knowledge__ The Colorado Men's Basketball team was initially known as the Silver and Gold, and began play on January 10, 1901 and beat State Prep School 34–10.", "Amar'e Stoudemire __knowledge__ Amar'e Carsares Stoudemire (; born November 16, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player who played the majority of his 15-year career in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Amar'e Stoudemire __knowledge__ Stoudemire played high school basketball for five different schools, ultimately graduating from Cypress Creek High School in Orlando, Florida and declaring for the NBA draft as a prep-to-pro player.", "Amar'e Stoudemire __knowledge__ He won several prep honors, including being selected as Florida's Mr. Basketball.", "Amar'e Stoudemire __knowledge__ The Phoenix Suns selected him with the ninth overall pick in the 2002 NBA draft.", "Amar'e Stoudemire __knowledge__ He spent his first 12½ seasons with the Suns and the New York Knicks, before finishing his NBA career with the Dallas Mavericks and the Miami Heat.", "Los Angeles Clippers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Clippers, abbreviated by the team as the LA Clippers, are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles.", "Los Angeles Clippers __knowledge__ The Clippers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division.", "Los Angeles Clippers __knowledge__ The Clippers play their home games at Staples Center in downtown Los Angeles, an arena shared with the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA, the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Los Angeles Clippers __knowledge__ The franchise was founded in 1970 as the Buffalo Braves, one of three expansion teams to join the NBA that year.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports &amp; Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ Royal Farms Arena (originally the Baltimore Civic Center and formerly Baltimore Arena) is an arena located in Baltimore.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ The arena is located about a block away from the Baltimore Convention Center on the corner of Baltimore Street and Hopkins Place; it is also only a short distance from the Inner Harbor.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ It seats 11,100 and can be expanded up to 14,000, depending upon the event.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ The arena is owned by the city of Baltimore and is currently managed by SMG, a private management company.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ The arena officially opened October 23, 1962.", "Royal Farms Arena __knowledge__ Designed by AG Odell Jr. and Associates, it was built on the site of \"Old Congress Hall\", where the Continental Congress met in 1776.", "Seattle SuperSonics __knowledge__ The Seattle SuperSonics, commonly known as the Sonics, were an American professional basketball team based in Seattle, Washington.", "Seattle SuperSonics __knowledge__ The SuperSonics played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Pacific and Northwest divisions from 1967 until 2008.", "Seattle SuperSonics __knowledge__ After the 2007–08 season ended, the team relocated to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and now plays as the Oklahoma City Thunder.", "Seattle SuperSonics __knowledge__ Sam Schulman owned the team from its 1967 inception until 1983.", "Seattle SuperSonics __knowledge__ It was then owned by Barry Ackerley (1983–2001), and then Basketball Club of Seattle, headed by Starbucks chairman, president and CEO Howard Schultz (2001–2006).", "Milwaukee Bucks __knowledge__ The Milwaukee Bucks are an American professional basketball team based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.", "Milwaukee Bucks __knowledge__ The Bucks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Milwaukee Bucks __knowledge__ The team was founded in 1968 as an expansion team, and play at the Bradley Center.", "Milwaukee Bucks __knowledge__ Former U.S.", "Milwaukee Bucks __knowledge__ Senator Herb Kohl was the long-time owner of the team, but on April 16, 2014, a group led by billionaire hedge fund managers Wesley Edens and Marc Lasry agreed to purchase a majority interest in the team from Kohl, a sale which was approved by the owners of the NBA and its Board of Governors one month later on May 16.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ The Atlanta Hawks are a professional basketball team based in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ The Hawks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Southeast Division.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Philips Arena.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ The team's origins can be traced to the establishment of the Buffalo Bisons in 1946 in Buffalo, New York, a member of the National Basketball League (NBL) owned by Ben Kerner and Leo Ferris.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ After 38 days in Buffalo, the team moved to Moline, Illinois, where they were renamed the Tri-Cities Blackhawks.", "Atlanta Hawks __knowledge__ In 1949, they joined the NBA as part of the merger between the NBL and the Basketball Association of America (BAA), and briefly had Red Auerbach as coach.", "Potential National Hockey League expansion __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL) has undergone several rounds of expansion and other organizational changes during its 100-year history to reach its current thirty-one teams: twenty-four in the United States, and seven in Canada.", "Potential National Hockey League expansion __knowledge__ The last time the NHL added expansion teams was in , when the league approved the Vegas Golden Knights for play in the 2017–18 season.", "Potential National Hockey League expansion __knowledge__ The league's most recent relocation was in 2011, when the former Atlanta Thrashers relocated to become the modern Winnipeg Jets.", "Potential National Hockey League expansion __knowledge__ To gauge interest and help determine whether the NHL should entertain further expansion, the NHL Board of Governors accepted applications for new franchises during the 2015 offseason.", "Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey team, also called the Nebraska–Omaha Mavericks and UNO Mavericks, is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Nebraska Omaha.", "Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Mavericks are a member of the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC).", "Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey __knowledge__ They play home games at Baxter Arena, an on-campus facility that opened in 2015.", "Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Mavericks hockey program was started in 1997; the team has qualified for the NCAA tournament on three occasions, in 2006, 2011, and 2015, with the most recent of these marking the team's first appearance in the tournament semifinals, branded by the NCAA as the Frozen Four." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Magic realism __knowledge__ Magical realism, magic realism, or marvelous realism is a genre of narrative fiction and, more broadly, art (literature, painting, film, theatre, etc.)", "Magic realism __knowledge__ that, while encompassing a range of subtly different concepts, expresses a primarily realistic view of the real world while also adding or revealing magical elements.", "Magic realism __knowledge__ It is sometimes called fabulism, in reference to the conventions of fables, myths, and allegory.", "Magic realism __knowledge__ \"Magical realism\", perhaps the most common term, often refers to fiction and literature in particular, with magic or the supernatural presented in an otherwise real-world or mundane setting.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Detroit Pistons are an American professional basketball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Little Caesars Arena and was founded in Fort Wayne, Indiana as the Fort Wayne (Zollner) Pistons in 1941, a member of the National Basketball League (NBL).", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ The Pistons joined the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1948.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ In 1949, the NBL and BAA merged to become the NBA, and the Pistons became part of the merged league.", "Detroit Pistons __knowledge__ Since moving to Detroit in 1957, the Pistons have won three NBA championships in 1989, 1990 and 2004.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 1989 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1988–89 NBA season.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The series was a rematch of the previous year's championship round between the Detroit Pistons and the Los Angeles Lakers.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ During the season, the Lakers had won their division, with Magic Johnson collecting his second MVP award.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The team swept the first three playoff series (Pacific Division foes: Portland, Seattle, and Phoenix), resulting in a rematch with the Detroit Pistons in the Finals.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ However, starting off guard Byron Scott suffered a hamstring injury in practice before Game 1 and was ruled out of the series.", "1989 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Then with the Lakers leading early in game 2, Magic Johnson pulled his hamstring and would also be out of the series.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2004 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 2003–04 National Basketball Association season.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Finals were between the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference and the Detroit Pistons of the Eastern Conference; the Lakers held home court advantage.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The series was played under a best-of-seven format, so the first team to collect four game victories would win the series.", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Although the Lakers were the heavy favorite, the Pistons won the series four games to one to win their first title since 1990 and their fifth overall (three NBA Championships, two NBL Championships).", "2004 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Pistons point guard Chauncey Billups was named as the NBA Finals MVP.", "Pacers–Pistons brawl __knowledge__ The Pacers–Pistons brawl (colloquially known as the Malice at the Palace) was an altercation that occurred in a National Basketball Association (NBA) game between the Indiana Pacers and the Detroit Pistons on November 19, 2004, at The Palace of Auburn Hills in Auburn Hills, Michigan.", "Pacers–Pistons brawl __knowledge__ The Associated Press (AP) called it \"the most infamous brawl in NBA history\".", "Pacers–Pistons brawl __knowledge__ With 45.9 seconds left in the game, a fight broke out on the court between several players.", "Pacers–Pistons brawl __knowledge__ After the fight was broken up, a fan threw a drink from the stands at Pacers player Ron Artest while he was lying on the scorer's table.", "Pacers–Pistons brawl __knowledge__ Artest then entered the crowd and sparked a massive brawl between players and fans that stretched onto the court.", "1988 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 1988 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1987–88 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs.", "1988 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion Detroit Pistons 4 games to 3.", "1988 NBA Finals __knowledge__ One of Los Angeles Lakers head coach Pat Riley's most famous moments came when he promised the crowd a repeat championship during the Lakers' 1986-87 championship parade in downtown Los Angeles.", "1988 NBA Finals __knowledge__ With every team in the league now gunning for them, the Los Angeles Lakers still found a way to win, taking their seventh consecutive Pacific Division title.", "2003–04 Detroit Pistons season __knowledge__ The 2003–04 NBA season was the 63rd season for the Pistons, the 56th in the National Basketball Association, and the 47th in the Detroit area.", "2003–04 Detroit Pistons season __knowledge__ Despite a solid year last season, the Pistons received the second overall pick in the 2003 NBA draft, which they obtained from the Memphis Grizzlies.", "2003–04 Detroit Pistons season __knowledge__ They selected Darko Miličić as their top pick, but only used him as a reserve as he played limited minutes off the bench.", "2003–04 Detroit Pistons season __knowledge__ After their first trip to the Conference Finals since 1991, the Pistons hired Larry Brown as head coach.", "2003–04 Detroit Pistons season __knowledge__ Under Brown, the Pistons were once again a tough defensive team as they went on a 13-game winning streak between December and January.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2005 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2004–05 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs played the Eastern Conference champion Detroit Pistons for the title, with the Spurs holding home court advantage and the Pistons as defending champions.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The series was played under a best-of-seven format.", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ (Unlike the previous three rounds, the team with home court advantage hosted games one, two, six, and seven if all were necessary).", "2005 NBA Finals __knowledge__ It also marked the Pistons first NBA Finals loss to a team other than the Lakers since 1988." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 13, 20, 0 ]

[ "Hello, do you like basketball?", "Do you have a favorite team?", "Last year the team moved to a new arena called the Little Ceasers Arena?", "The Pistons have won 3 championships while they were at the Palace. None since they moved.", "I agree. I'm from Michigan too and always root for Detroit teams. My son loved the Pistons and has an autographed ball from them with Mateen Cleeves." ]

[ "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball" ]

[ "Horse racing\ni love horse racing it is my favorite thing to watch and to bet on.", "Yeah plus it is really amazing the speed they can reach do you know about that?", "That is incredible i never imagined it would be that much, could you tell me more about the sport?", "With the stats i imagined that USA would be where it is the most popular ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ While horses are sometimes raced purely for sport, a major part of horse racing's interest and economic importance lies in the gambling associated with it, an activity that in 2008 generated a worldwide market worth around US$115 billion.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing has a long and distinguished history and has been practised in civilisations across the world since ancient times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in Ancient Greece, Babylon, Syria, and Egypt.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It also plays an important part of myth and legend, such as the contest between the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ My Favorite Thing Is Monsters is the debut graphic novel of Emil Ferris.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ It portrays a young girl named Karen Reyes investigating the death of her neighbor in 1960's Chicago.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ Ferris started working on the graphic novel after contracting West Nile virus and becoming paralyzed at age 40.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ She attended the School of the Art Institute of Chicago for writing and began the graphic novel to help her recover in 2010, taking six years to create 700 pages.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ The graphic novel draws on Ferris's childhood growing up in Chicago and her love of monsters and horror media.", "My Favorite Thing Is Monsters __knowledge__ The process of creating the work was difficult, with Ferris living very frugally and working long hours, and publishing met setbacks such as Ferris needing to find a new publisher and the first volume's printing being temporarily seized en route at the Panama Canal.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ California Chrome (foaled February 18, 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was named the 2014 and 2016 American Horse of the Year.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He won the 2014 Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the 2016 Dubai World Cup.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ In 2016, he surpassed Curlin as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ Bred in California, the chestnut-colored horse was named for his flashy white markings, called \"chrome\" by horse aficionados.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was bred and originally owned by Perry Martin from Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada, who named their partnership DAP Racing, standing for \"Dumb Ass Partners\"—a tongue-in-cheek response to a passerby who questioned their wisdom in purchasing California Chrome's dam, Love the Chase.", "Parimutuel betting __knowledge__ Parimutuel betting (from the or mutual betting) is a betting system in which all bets of a particular type are placed together in a pool; taxes and the \"house-take\" or \"vigorish\" are removed, and payoff odds are calculated by sharing the pool among all winning bets.", "Parimutuel betting __knowledge__ In some countries it is known as the Tote after the totalisator, which calculates and displays bets already made.", "Parimutuel betting __knowledge__ The parimutuel system is used in gambling on horse racing, greyhound racing, jai alai, and all sporting events of relatively short duration in which participants finish in a ranked order.", "Parimutuel betting __knowledge__ A modified parimutuel system is also used in some lottery games.", "Title of show __knowledge__ [title of show] is a one-act musical, with music and lyrics by Jeff Bowen and a book by Hunter Bell.", "Title of show __knowledge__ The show chronicles its own creation as an entry in the New York Musical Theatre Festival, and follows the struggles of the author and composer/lyricist and their two actress friends during the initial brief (three-week) creative period, along with subsequent events leading up to the show's production.", "Title of show __knowledge__ \"[title of show]\" was chosen for production by the Musical Theatre Festival and premiered there, in September 2004, in New York City.", "Title of show __knowledge__ It later ran off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatre in 2006, earning a second limited run the same year, then played at Broadway's Lyceum Theatre in 2008 for 13 previews and 102 regular performances.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who, in 1973, became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ His record-breaking win in the Belmont Stakes, where he left the field 31 lengths behind him, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races of all time.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ He was elected to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ In the List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat is second only to Man o' War (racing career 1919–1920), who also was a large chestnut colt given the nickname \"Big Red\".", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ Horse racing is the second largest spectator sport in Great Britain, and one of the longest established, with a history dating back many centuries.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ It generates over £3.7 billion for the British economy, and the major horseracing events such as Royal Ascot and Cheltenham Festival are important dates in the British and international sporting and society calendar.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The sport has taken place in the country since Roman times and many of the sport's traditions and rules originated there.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The Jockey Club, established in 1750, codified the Rules of Racing and one of its members, Admiral Rous laid the foundations of the handicapping system for horse racing, including the weight-for-age scale." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ While horses are sometimes raced purely for sport, a major part of horse racing's interest and economic importance lies in the gambling associated with it, an activity that in 2008 generated a worldwide market worth around US$115 billion.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing has a long and distinguished history and has been practised in civilisations across the world since ancient times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in Ancient Greece, Babylon, Syria, and Egypt.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It also plays an important part of myth and legend, such as the contest between the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "A Fierce Pancake __knowledge__ A Fierce Pancake is the second and final album and only full-length studio album by Anglo-Irish experimental rock band Stump, released 7 March 1988 on Ensign Records.", "A Fierce Pancake __knowledge__ After the band had enjoyed some underground success in the 1980s, including the release of their critically acclaimed \"Buffalo\" single and \"Quirk Out\" mini-album in 1986, the band signed to major label Ensign Records and began work on \"A Fierce Pancake\" in 1987.", "A Fierce Pancake __knowledge__ A major part of the recording process was undertaken in Berlin's famous Hansa Studios, where many of the band's favourite albums by other artists had been recorded.", "A Fierce Pancake __knowledge__ Recording sessions were very tense and problematic.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people race around the world in competition with other teams.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants strive to arrive first at \"Pit Stops\" at the end of each leg of the race to win prizes and to avoid coming in last, which carries the possibility of elimination or a significant disadvantage in the following leg.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants travel to and within multiple countries in a variety of transportation modes, including airplanes, hot air balloons, helicopters, trucks, bicycles, taxicabs, cars, trains, buses, boats, and by foot.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Clues provided in each leg lead the teams to the next destination or direct them to perform a task, either together or by a single member.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ The Masters of the Universe franchise debuted in 1982, the creation of American company Mattel.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ The MOTU characters have appeared in a wide variety of different forms, including toys, animation, film, comics, books, videogames and spin-offs.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ All of these characters were released in the vintage Mattel toyline.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ He-Man is \"the most powerful man in the universe\" and in most media he is the alter-ego of Prince Adam.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ He is armed with a power harness that enhances his strength, the Sword of Power, a battle axe, and a shield.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ Early media, such as the minicomics packaged with the original run of action figures, also depicts him carrying a knife.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ While horses are sometimes raced purely for sport, a major part of horse racing's interest and economic importance lies in the gambling associated with it, an activity that in 2008 generated a worldwide market worth around US$115 billion.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing has a long and distinguished history and has been practised in civilisations across the world since ancient times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in Ancient Greece, Babylon, Syria, and Egypt.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It also plays an important part of myth and legend, such as the contest between the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Maria Jane Connor (also Sutherland) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", portrayed by Samia Longchambon.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 19 May 2000.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ During her time on the show, Maria has been the centre of major storylines.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ In late 2009, Longchambon took maternity leave and Maria was off-screen from November 2009 until June 2010.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Longchambon took a second maternity leave in 2015 and Maria was off-screen from October 2015 until April 2016.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Maria is first seen working in the kennels belonging to her father, Eric (Steve Money).", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Tyrone Dobbs (Alan Halsall) and Jack Duckworth (Bill Tarmey) bring Tyrone's greyhound, Monica, in to look for a stud to mate with.", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ The Incredible Hulk is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character the Hulk, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Universal Pictures.", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ It is the second film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Louis Leterrier, with a screenplay by Zak Penn.", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ It stars Edward Norton, Liv Tyler, Tim Roth, Tim Blake Nelson, Ty Burrell, and William Hurt.", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ In \"The Incredible Hulk\", Bruce Banner becomes the Hulk as an unwitting pawn in a military scheme to reinvigorate the supersoldier program through gamma radiation.", "The Incredible Hulk (film) __knowledge__ On the run, he attempts to cure himself of the Hulk before he is captured by General Thaddeus Ross, but his worst fears are realized when power-hungry soldier Emil Blonsky becomes a similar, but more bestial creature.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the 2004 Disney/Pixar animated film \"The Incredibles\", its upcoming 2018 sequel \"Incredibles 2\", and other related media.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Robert \"Bob\" Parr (a.k.a.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible) (voiced by Craig T. Nelson in the films, Richard McGonagle in \"Rise of the Underminer\"), possesses tremendous strength and durability.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He also has enhanced senses.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He is married to Helen Parr, the superheroine known as Elastigirl, and they have three children together: Violet, Dash, and Jack-Jack.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Sometime after his marriage, Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible was sued by Oliver Sansweet for thwarting his suicide and the passengers of the train he stopped from running off the tracks which was part of the events that led to the government silently initiating the Superhero Relocation Program.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ This is a character list of the Taiwanese series \"K.O.3an Guo\" which is aired between Winter, Spring and Summer, 2009.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ Five Tiger General: 1st. Courtesy name: Guan Yunchang (關雲長). School year: Freshman. Birthdate: Silver Dimensional Year 4332, July 24. Age: 17 years old. Species: Power-user. Aura: Gold. Status: Alive. Fighting Power Points: 18000 -> 30000+(After learning Xing Tian Gong) Original counterpart: \"Guan Yu\" Actor: George Hu (胡宇崴) – \"Wu Hu Jiang\" (武虎將).", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ Biography: Guan Yu is straight-headed, righteous and loyal.", "List of K.O.3an Guo characters __knowledge__ He is known for fighting around the world alongside his best friend, Zhang Fei, with whom he has attended twenty-four schools together (only because he always gets kicked out for starting fights).", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ Pacific Rim is a 2013 American science fiction action film directed by Guillermo del Toro and starring Charlie Hunnam, Idris Elba, Rinko Kikuchi, Charlie Day, Burn Gorman, Robert Kazinsky, Max Martini, and Ron Perlman.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Travis Beacham and del Toro from a story by Beacham.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ The film is set in the future, when Earth is at war with the Kaiju, colossal sea monsters which have emerged from an interdimensional portal on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ To combat the monsters, humanity unites to create the Jaegers, gigantic humanoid mechas, each controlled by at least two pilots, whose minds are joined by a mental link.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Stephen McDannell Hillenburg (born August21, 1961) is an American cartoonist, animator, writer, producer, director, and former marine biologist.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He is the creator of the television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" (1999), which he has also directed, produced, and written.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ It has gone on to become one of the longest-running American television series as well as the highest-rated show ever to air on Nickelodeon.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Born in Lawton, Oklahoma and raised in Anaheim, California, Hillenburg became fascinated with the ocean as a child and also developed an interest in art.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He started his professional career in 1984, instructing marine biology, at the Orange County Marine Institute, where he wrote \"The Intertidal Zone\", an informative comic book about tide-pool animals, which he used to educate his students.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ American Pharoah (foaled February 2, 2012) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the American Triple Crown and the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2015.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ In winning all four races, he became the first horse to win the Grand Slam of Thoroughbred racing.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ He won the 2015 Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year and 2015 Champion three-year-old.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ He was bred and owned throughout his racing career by Ahmed Zayat of Zayat Stables, trained by Bob Baffert, and ridden in most of his races by Victor Espinoza.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ He now stands at stud at Ashford Stud in Kentucky.", "American Pharoah __knowledge__ After finishing fifth in his track debut as a two-year-old, American Pharoah won his next two races, the Grade I Del Mar Futurity and FrontRunner Stakes, each by several lengths.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ Online gambling (or Internet gambling) includes poker, casinos and sports betting.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ The first online casino was in 1994.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ Many countries restrict or ban online gambling, but it is legal in some provinces in Canada, most countries of the European Union and several nations in the Caribbean.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ In 1994, Antigua and Barbuda passed the Free Trade & Processing Act, allowing licences to be granted to organisations applying to open online casinos.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ Before online casinos, the first fully functional gambling software was developed by Microgaming, an Isle of Man-based software company.", "Online gambling __knowledge__ This was secured with software developed by CryptoLogic, an online security software company.", "Zeljko Ranogajec __knowledge__ Zeljko Ranogajec (born 1961) is a professional gambler from Australia, with an annual, global betting turnover that is claimed to be over $1 billion.", "Zeljko Ranogajec __knowledge__ Ranogajec was born in Hobart, Australia, in a family of Croatian immigrants.", "Zeljko Ranogajec __knowledge__ He was a Commerce and Law student of the University of Tasmania, studying tax, finance and banking, when he began card counting in Blackjack at the Wrest Point Casino.", "Zeljko Ranogajec __knowledge__ While there, Ranogajec met his future wife and business partner, Shelley Wilson, who was a full-time employee.", "Zeljko Ranogajec __knowledge__ He subsequently relocated to the mainland in New South Wales where he transferred his studies to the University of NSW in Sydney from which he eventually dropped out of to concentrate fully on advantage gambling.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ California Chrome (foaled February 18, 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was named the 2014 and 2016 American Horse of the Year.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He won the 2014 Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the 2016 Dubai World Cup.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ In 2016, he surpassed Curlin as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ Bred in California, the chestnut-colored horse was named for his flashy white markings, called \"chrome\" by horse aficionados.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was bred and originally owned by Perry Martin from Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada, who named their partnership DAP Racing, standing for \"Dumb Ass Partners\"—a tongue-in-cheek response to a passerby who questioned their wisdom in purchasing California Chrome's dam, Love the Chase.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ Horse racing is the second largest spectator sport in Great Britain, and one of the longest established, with a history dating back many centuries.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ It generates over £3.7 billion for the British economy, and the major horseracing events such as Royal Ascot and Cheltenham Festival are important dates in the British and international sporting and society calendar.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The sport has taken place in the country since Roman times and many of the sport's traditions and rules originated there.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The Jockey Club, established in 1750, codified the Rules of Racing and one of its members, Admiral Rous laid the foundations of the handicapping system for horse racing, including the weight-for-age scale.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ While horses are sometimes raced purely for sport, a major part of horse racing's interest and economic importance lies in the gambling associated with it, an activity that in 2008 generated a worldwide market worth around US$115 billion.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing has a long and distinguished history and has been practised in civilisations across the world since ancient times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in Ancient Greece, Babylon, Syria, and Egypt.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It also plays an important part of myth and legend, such as the contest between the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology.", "United States women's national under-19 basketball team __knowledge__ The USA women's national under-19 basketball team is the women's basketball team, administered by USA Basketball, that represents the United States in international under-19 and under-18 (under age 19 and under age 18) women's basketball competitions, consisting mainly of the FIBA Americas Under-18 Championship for Women and FIBA Under-19 World Championship for Women.", "United States women's national under-19 basketball team __knowledge__ The events were originally referred to as the FIBA Americas Junior World Championship Qualifying Tournament and the FIBA Junior World Championship.", "United States women's national under-19 basketball team __knowledge__ The usual sequence is for the U18 team to play in a regional championship in one year, with the top four qualifying teams being invited to the FIBA Under-19 World Championship in the following year, as the U19 team.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ The USA Women’s World University Games Team is one of the teams under the auspices of the USA Basketball organization.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ The Universiade is an international, multi-sport event for university students, generally held every other year since 1959.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ It is second only to the Olympics in number of participants.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ The United States has participated in women's basketball since their first participation in 1973 at the VII Summer Universiade.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ USA Basketball has organized the participation except for 2003 and 2007.", "USA Women's World University Games Team __knowledge__ In 2003 an All-Star team selected from the Big 12 Conference represented the USA in Daegu, South Korea.", "Hugh Gaitskell __knowledge__ Hugh Todd Naylor Gaitskell, (9 April 1906 – 18 January 1963) was a British politician and Leader of the Labour Party.", "Hugh Gaitskell __knowledge__ An economics lecturer and wartime civil servant, he was elected to Parliament in 1945 and held office in Clement Attlee's governments, notably as Minister of Fuel and Power after the bitter winter of 1946-7, and eventually joining the Cabinet as Chancellor of the Exchequer.", "Hugh Gaitskell __knowledge__ Facing the need to increase military spending in 1951, he imposed National Health Service charges on dentures and spectacles, prompting the leading left-winger Aneurin Bevan to resign from the Cabinet.", "Hugh Gaitskell __knowledge__ The perceived similarity in his outlook to that of his Conservative Party counterpart Rab Butler was dubbed \"Butskellism\", initially a satirical term, after an elision of their names, and was one aspect of the Post-war consensus through which the major parties largely agreed on the main points of domestic and foreign policy until the 1970s.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ Club Deportivo Chivas USA was an American professional soccer club based in Carson, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ The club played from 2005 to 2014 in Major League Soccer (MLS) and was a subsidiary of Mexican club C.D.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ Guadalajara, sharing common ownership and branding.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ The club was the eleventh MLS team upon its entry into the league in 2004.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ Chivas USA was intended to be seen as a \"little brother\" to its parent club C.D.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ Guadalajara, one of the most widely supported and successful teams in Mexico.", "Chivas USA __knowledge__ \"Chiva\" is Latin American Spanish for \"goat\", seen as a tough and resilient animal in Mexico, and is the nickname of C.D.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ The gameplay of the \"Pokémon\" video game series involves the capturing and training of a variety of fictional creatures called \"Pokémon\" and using them to battle other trainers.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ Each successive generation of games builds upon this concept by introducing new Pokémon, items, and gameplay concepts.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ Some of the general concepts were featured elsewhere before being introduced in the games; double battles appeared in the anime long before appearing in the games, and Pokémon abilities are similar to the Pokémon Powers introduced in the \"Pokémon Trading Card Game\", which also introduced Shiny Pokémon, different colors of that type of the original Pokémon.", "Destiny USA __knowledge__ Destiny USA, previously known as the Carousel Center from 1990-2012, is a six-story super-regional shopping and entertainment complex on the shore of Onondaga Lake in Syracuse, New York.", "Destiny USA __knowledge__ It is the sixth largest shopping center in the United States, and the largest mall in the state of New York.", "Destiny USA __knowledge__ Anchors include JCPenney, Macy's, Lord & Taylor, Best Buy, Dick's Sporting Goods, Forever 21, DSW, Old Navy, Finish Line, and Saks Fifth Avenue Off 5th.", "Destiny USA __knowledge__ The mall, which opened on 15 October 1990, has six above ground floors and one underground floor, though only the lower three and the underground floor are retail.", "List of Ryder Cup broadcasters __knowledge__ The Ryder Cup matches were always covered by the BBC, whether in Britain or in the United States, even prior to the British team's merger with Europe.", "List of Ryder Cup broadcasters __knowledge__ In the 1990s, Sky Sports became heavily involved in the Ryder Cup, and has since taken over live coverage, including creating a channel specifically dedicated for the 2014 and 2016 competition.", "List of Ryder Cup broadcasters __knowledge__ The BBC still screens edited highlights each night.", "List of Ryder Cup broadcasters __knowledge__ In the United States, the Ryder Cup was first televised live at the 1983 matches in Florida, with ABC Sports covering just the final four holes of the singles matches.", "List of Ryder Cup broadcasters __knowledge__ A highlight package of the 1985 singles matches was produced by ESPN, but no live coverage aired from England.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ Horse racing is the second largest spectator sport in Great Britain, and one of the longest established, with a history dating back many centuries.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ It generates over £3.7 billion for the British economy, and the major horseracing events such as Royal Ascot and Cheltenham Festival are important dates in the British and international sporting and society calendar.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The sport has taken place in the country since Roman times and many of the sport's traditions and rules originated there.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The Jockey Club, established in 1750, codified the Rules of Racing and one of its members, Admiral Rous laid the foundations of the handicapping system for horse racing, including the weight-for-age scale.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ Horse racing in Ireland is intricately linked with Irish culture and society.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ The racing of horses has a long history on the island, being mentioned in some of the earliest texts.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ Domestically, racing is one of Ireland's most popular spectator sports, while on the international scene, Ireland is one of the strongest producers and trainers of Thoroughbred horses.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ The Irish horse racing industry is closely linked with that of Great Britain, with Irish horses regularly competing and winning on the British racing circuit.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ Horse racing in Ireland has a very long history.", "Horseracing in Ireland __knowledge__ The ancient text \"Togail Bruidne Dá Derga\" (Destruction of the Mansion of Da-Derga) mentions chariot races taking place on the Curragh during the lifetime of the monarch Conaire Mór, whose reign is disputed but is believed to have occurred sometime between 110 BC and 60 AD.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ Horse racing in the United States dates back to 1665, which saw the establishment of the Newmarket course in Salisbury, New York, a section of what is now known as the Hempstead Plains of Long Island, New York.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ This first racing meet in North America was supervised by New York's colonial governor, Richard Nicolls.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ The area is now occupied by the present Nassau County, New York, region of Greater Westbury and East Garden City.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ Horse racing remains a popular sport throughout the United States.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ In 1665, the first racetrack was constructed on Long Island.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ It is the oldest Thoroughbred race in North America.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples).", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Equine welfare describes the acceptable conditions of life and use for domesticated horses, in contrast to suffering produced by voluntary or involuntary actions of others, whether through physical abuse, mutilation, neglect, or other forms of ill treatment.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Debates about the welfare and abuse of horses are recent.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, when the sight of a horse dying while working was commonplace, the first wave of awareness was born with the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the publication of the novel \"Black Beauty\" in England.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ France followed suit with the creation of the French League for the Protection of the Horse and the passage of the Grammont Law in 1850." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 4, 8 ]

[ "I have never seen it live before, it is one of the most ancient sports of all time, and it is so simple, figure out which horse will be the fastest", "I am sure they can go really fast, I do know that it horse racing gambling generated around 115 billion dollars in the United states in 2008!", "Different countries practice horse racing in different ways or traditions!", "I would think so with the amount of money they have made from it in the past years! They have been racing horses since Ancient Greece, Babylon and Egypt!" ]

[ "Horse racing", "Horse racing", "Horse racing", "Horse racing" ]

[ "Bone fracture\nI recently broke my leg doing bicycle stunts in my backyard.", "Yeah that's what it said on the doctor's chart wen I was in the hospital. Had to rehab my leg muslces after that. Not too fun.", "Yeah exactly how the doctor said it. My leg was pretty visibly smaller than the other one for about three months", "I think that's what the rock I landed on was, right? Thankfully, It's a lot better now.", "Yeah I gotta ask the doc if there's anything I can do to strengthen the bone." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Although bone tissue itself contains no nociceptors, bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Damage to adjacent structures such as nerves or vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually remove the non-viable material.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ A bicycle, also called a cycle or bike, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ Bicycles were introduced in the late 19th century in Europe, and by the early 21st century, more than 1 billion have been produced worldwide.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ These numbers far exceed the number of cars, both in total and ranked by the number of individual models produced.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ They are the principal means of transportation in many regions.", "Bicycle __knowledge__ They also provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted for use as children's toys, general fitness, military and police applications, courier services, bicycle racing and bicycle stunts.", "Marshall Taylor __knowledge__ Marshall Walter \"Major\" Taylor (November 26, 1878 – June 21, 1932) was an American track cyclist who began his amateur career while he was still a teenager in Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Marshall Taylor __knowledge__ He became a professional racer in 1896, at the age of 18, and won the sprint event at the 1899 world track championships in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, to become the first African American to achieve the level of world champion and the second black athlete to win a world championship in any sport.", "Marshall Taylor __knowledge__ Taylor also set numerous world records in the sprint discipline in race distances ranging from the quarter-mile () to the two-mile ().", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ Lucas Brunelle is an American videographer of bicycle stunts & races.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ Lucas Brunelle was raised on Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts where he claims he attended Martha's Vineyard Regional High School.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ He began his bicycle career riding BMX bikes at 15 years old.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ From 1990 he attended the University of Massachusetts Amherst where he continued to race.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ He graduated in 1996 with a degree.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ During his short career as an adult he raced for Mass Bay Road Club, UMASS Amherst, and Cannondale Jiffy Lube.", "Lucas Brunelle __knowledge__ While he never couriered for a company, he had his own small business and did message for his clients.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ Fear Factor is an American stunt/dare game show that originally aired on NBC between 2001 and 2006.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ It was later revived by NBC in 2011, only to be cancelled again on May 13, 2012.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ After its second cancellation, a two-part special aired in July 2012.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ The show was revived a second time in 2017 to air on MTV.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ The original Dutch version was called \"Now or Neverland\".", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ When Endemol USA and NBC adapted it to the American market in 2001, they changed the name to \"Fear Factor\".", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ The show pits contestants against each other in a variety of stunts for a grand prize, usually of US $50,000.", "Fear Factor __knowledge__ From seasons one to five, the contestants were generally three men and three women, all competing for themselves, but in season six, the show moved to a permanent format of four teams of two people, each with a pre-existing relationship with one another.", "Mountain bike __knowledge__ A mountain bike or mountain bicycle (abbreviated Mtn Bike or MTB) is a bicycle designed for off-road cycling.", "Mountain bike __knowledge__ Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes, but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain.", "Mountain bike __knowledge__ These typically include a front or full suspension, large knobby tires, more durable wheels, more powerful brakes, and lower gear ratios for climbing steep grades.", "Mountain bike __knowledge__ Mountain bikes are typically ridden on mountain trails, singletrack, fire roads, and other unpaved surfaces.", "Mountain bike __knowledge__ This type of terrain commonly has rocks, roots, loose dirt, and steep grades.", "E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency __knowledge__ E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency was established in 1893 by industrialist Edward C. Stearns, who began business as a hardware manufacturer and branched our into bicycle production from 1893 through 1899.", "E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency __knowledge__ Stearns manufactured the popular model \"Yellow Fellow\" by 1895.", "E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency __knowledge__ This model was manufactured by the thousands at the Syracuse, New York, plant and \"made the name of the city familiar in almost every corner of the world.\"", "E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency __knowledge__ The slogan read \"The \"Yellow Fellow\" from Syracuse.\"", "E. C. Stearns Bicycle Agency __knowledge__ E. C. Stearns & Company began business as a hardware manufacturer and branched into bicycle production from 1893 through 1899 after Edward C. Stearns brought the industry to Syracuse in 1888 and transformed his father's hardware and wagon factory in Oneida, New York, to a bicycle plant.", "Bicycle kick __knowledge__ A bicycle kick, also known as an overhead kick or scissors kick, is a physical move in association football.", "Bicycle kick __knowledge__ It is achieved by throwing the body backward up into the air, making a shearing movement with the lower limbs to get one leg in front of the other in order to strike an airborne ball rearwards above head level, without resting on the ground.", "Bicycle kick __knowledge__ In most languages, the manoeuvre is named after either the cycling motion or the scissor motion that it resembles.", "Bicycle kick __knowledge__ Its complexity, and uncommon performance in competitive football matches, makes it one of association football's most celebrated skills." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Although bone tissue itself contains no nociceptors, bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Damage to adjacent structures such as nerves or vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually remove the non-viable material.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the NBC/ABC American comedy-drama \"Scrubs\".", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Zach Braff portrays Dr. John Michael \"J.D.\"", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Dorian, the show's original protagonist and narrator.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ begins the series as a staff intern, progressing to resident and then attending physician.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ His voice-over to the series comes from his internal thoughts and often features surreal fantasies.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ was a recurring character in Season 9, though he was still considered to be the protagonist of the episodes in which he appeared.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Braff received top billing as a main cast member in each of his appearances for that season.", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ \"Rehab\" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her third studio album, \"Good Girl Gone Bad\" (2007).", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ Def Jam Recordings serviced the song to contemporary hit radio in the United States on October 6, 2008, as the eighth and final single from the album.", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ It was released in the United Kingdom as a CD single on December 8, 2008.", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ Development of \"Rehab\" began while Rihanna was accompanying Timbaland on Justin Timberlake's FutureSex/LoveShow tour in 2007.", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ Timberlake wrote the song in collaboration with his producers, Hannon Lane and Timbaland, and provided additional vocals.", "Rehab (Rihanna song) __knowledge__ \"Rehab\" is a mid-paced R&B song with an emotional, melancholy chorus; the lyrics are about the protagonist's painful memories of her former lover, who is portrayed metaphorically as a disease.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ Christopher Maurice Brown (born May 5, 1989) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ Born in Tappahannock, Virginia, he was involved in his church choir and several local talent shows from a young age.", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ Having signed with Jive Records in 2004, Brown released his self-titled debut studio album the following year.", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ It peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and was later certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), selling an overall three million copies worldwide.", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ With his first single \"Run It!\"", "Chris Brown __knowledge__ peaking atop the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, Brown became the first male artist as a lead since Diddy in 1997 to have his debut single top the chart.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ A child bone fracture is a medical condition in which a bone of a child (a person younger than the age of 18) is cracked or broken.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ About 15% of all injuries in children are fracture injuries.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ Bone fractures in children are different from adult bone fractures because a child’s bones are still growing.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ Also, more consideration needs to be taken when a child fractures a bone since it will affect the child in his or her growth.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ On an everyday basis bones will support many kinds of forces naturally applied to them, but when the forces are too strong the bones will break.", "Child bone fracture __knowledge__ For example, when an adolescent jumps off of a trampoline and lands on his/her feet the bones and connective tissue in the adolescent’s feet will usually absorb the force, flex, then return to their original shape.", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ Microsoft FRx is a software product used for financial reporting and analysis for small to mid-sized organizations.", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ It is licensed as part of the Microsoft Dynamics ERP systems.", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ Microsoft FRx is integrated to the following Microsoft Dynamics Business Management Products: (Microsoft Dynamics AX, Microsoft Dynamics GP, Microsoft Dynamics NAV and Microsoft Dynamics SL).", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ Microsoft FRx was created by the FRx Software Corporation in Denver, Colorado.", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ The first FRx product was a DOS-based application that originally shipped around 1991 and integrated with Platinum DOS.", "Microsoft FRx __knowledge__ A Windows-based version of FRx was available in 1993.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Osteoporosis is a disease where increased bone weakness increases the risk of a broken bone.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Bones that commonly break include the vertebrae in the spine, the bones of the forearm, and the hip.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Chronic pain and a decreased ability to carry out normal activities may occur following a broken bone.", "Osteoporosis __knowledge__ Osteoporosis may be due to lower than normal bone mass and greater than normal bone loss.", "Bone __knowledge__ A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.", "Bone __knowledge__ Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.", "Bone __knowledge__ Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a complex internal and external structure.", "Bone __knowledge__ They are lightweight yet strong and hard, and serve multiple functions.", "Bone __knowledge__ Bone tissue (osseous tissue) is a hard tissue, a type of dense connective tissue.", "Bone __knowledge__ It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity.", "Bone __knowledge__ Bone tissue is made up of different types of bone cells.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, is a group of genetic disorders that mainly affect the bones.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ It results in bones that break easily.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ The severity may be mild to severe.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include a blue tinge to the whites of the eye, short height, loose joints, hearing loss, breathing problems, and problems with the teeth.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ Complications may include cervical artery dissection and aortic dissection.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism is usually a problem with connective tissue due to a lack of type I collagen.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta __knowledge__ This occurs in more than 90% of cases due to mutations in the \"COL1A1\" or \"COL1A2\" genes.", "Facial trauma __knowledge__ Facial trauma, also called maxillofacial trauma, is any physical trauma to the face.", "Facial trauma __knowledge__ Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injuries such as burns, lacerations and bruises, or fractures of the facial bones such as nasal fractures and fractures of the jaw, as well as trauma such as eye injuries.", "Facial trauma __knowledge__ Symptoms are specific to the type of injury; for example, fractures may involve pain, swelling, loss of function, or changes in the shape of facial structures.", "Facial trauma __knowledge__ Facial injuries have the potential to cause disfigurement and loss of function; for example, blindness or difficulty moving the jaw can result.", "Facial trauma __knowledge__ Although it is seldom life-threatening, facial trauma can also be deadly, because it can cause severe bleeding or interference with the airway; thus a primary concern in treatment is ensuring that the airway is open and not threatened so that the patient can breathe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Although bone tissue itself contains no nociceptors, bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Damage to adjacent structures such as nerves or vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually remove the non-viable material.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "Anti-austerity movement in Greece __knowledge__ The anti-austerity movement in Greece involves a series of demonstrations and general strikes that took place across the country.", "Anti-austerity movement in Greece __knowledge__ The events, which began on 5 May 2010, were provoked by plans to cut public spending and raise taxes as austerity measures in exchange for a bail-out, aimed at solving the Greek government-debt crisis.", "Anti-austerity movement in Greece __knowledge__ Three people were killed on 5 May in one of the largest demonstrations in Greece since 1973.", "Anti-austerity movement in Greece __knowledge__ On , anti-austerity activists organised by the Direct Democracy Now!", "Anti-austerity movement in Greece __knowledge__ movement, known as the Indignant Citizens Movement (, \"Kínima Aganaktisménon-Politón\"), started demonstrating in major cities across Greece.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ There have been many appearances of various spacecraft in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica science fiction television series, with the primary means of travel being FTL.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A ship in the refugee fleet.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Named after Adrasteia, in Greek Mythology, was a nymph who was charged by Rhea to raise the infant Zeus in secret to protect him from his father Cronus.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The \"Adriatic\" is one of the few civilian ships in the refugee fleet equipped with weapons.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The ship was armed with at least a battery of ship-to-ship missiles; the reason for its armament was to protect the fleet while the Galactica was off on missions (such as the attack on the tylium asteroid).", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Drug War () is a Chinese-Hong Kong crime thriller film directed and produced by Johnnie To.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sun Honglei as Police Captain Zhang, who partners with a drug lord named Timmy Choi (Louis Koo) after Choi is arrested.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ To avoid the death penalty, Choi agrees to reveal information about his partners' methamphetamine ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Zhang starts to harbor doubts about Choi's honesty as the police begin to take on the drug ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Rome Film Festival on November 15, 2012.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ It has received positive reviews.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Fleeing from an explosion at his drug production facility, Choi crashes his car into a restaurant and as he revives he is captured by Captain Zhang Lei.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Haha Sound is the second studio album by British indie electronic band Broadcast.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ It was released on 11 August 2003 by Warp Records.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ \"Haha Sound\" was released to critical acclaim and became their first charting album in the United States, reaching the top ten of the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Online music magazine \"Pitchfork\" placed \"Haha Sound\" at number 121 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In November 2007, \"Haha Sound\" was listed as one of \"The Guardian\"s \"1000 Albums to Listen to Before You Die\".", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In his review for \"Jockey Slut\", Paul Clarke called the album \"a dizzying ride\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ Haha, I'm Sorry is the second extended play by American recording artist Kitty Pryde.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ It was released on June 11, 2012.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The first and only single of \"Haha, I'm Sorry\", \"Okay Cupid\", was released as a digital download on April 11, 2012.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ On May 9, Kitty Pryde released the music video for \"Okay Cupid\", directed by Bryan McKay and Shannen Ortale, on YouTube.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The video became a viral success, having been viewed over one million times as of April 2014.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The music video garnered attention from various online music publications, including Complex, The Fader, Rolling Stone, and The New York Times.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ \"Haha, I'm Sorry\" received generally positive reviews from music critics.", "Mine-Haha, or On the Bodily Education of Young Girls __knowledge__ Mine-Haha, or On the Bodily Education of Young Girls (German: \"Mine-Haha oder Über die körperliche Erziehung der jungen Mädchen\") is a novella by German dramatist Frank Wedekind, first published in its final form in 1903.", "Mine-Haha, or On the Bodily Education of Young Girls __knowledge__ The novella purports to be an autobiographical manuscript handed to the editor by an 84-year-old retired teacher, Helene Engel, shortly before she committed suicide.", "Mine-Haha, or On the Bodily Education of Young Girls __knowledge__ The \"manuscript\" itself describes the bizarre education and socialisation of a young girl, Hidalla, in two boarding establishments, the first co-educational, the second all-female.", "Mine-Haha, or On the Bodily Education of Young Girls __knowledge__ At the age of seven Hidalla is placed in a coffin-like crate and transferred to the \"park\", a location that is both idyllic and hermetically sealed by high walls, where she spends the next seven years, learning only gymnastics, dance and music." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Although bone tissue itself contains no nociceptors, bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Damage to adjacent structures such as nerves or vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually remove the non-viable material.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B-side of the band's second single, \"All I Really Want to Do\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12-string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country-influenced guitar solo.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Although it was initially released as a B-side, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" was itself heavily promoted by Columbia Records during the time that \"All I Really Want to Do\" spent on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Harold Eugene \"Gene\" Clark (November 17, 1944 – May 24, 1991) was an American singer-songwriter and founding member of the folk rock band the Byrds.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ He was the Byrds' principal songwriter between 1964 and early 1966, writing most of the band's best-known originals from this period, including \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\", \"She Don't Care About Time\", and \"Set You Free This Time\".", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Although he did not achieve commercial success as a solo artist, Clark was in the vanguard of popular music during much of his career, prefiguring developments in such disparate subgenres as psychedelic rock, baroque pop, newgrass, country rock, and alternative country.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The Byrds were an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The band underwent multiple lineup changes throughout its existence, with frontman Roger McGuinn (known as Jim McGuinn until mid-1967) remaining the sole consistent member, until the group disbanded in 1973.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Although they only managed to attain the huge commercial success of contemporaries like the Beatles, the Beach Boys, and the Rolling Stones for a short period in the mid-60s, the Byrds are today considered by critics to be one of the most influential bands of the 1960s.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Their signature blend of clear harmony singing and McGuinn's jangly twelve-string Rickenbacker guitar was immediately absorbed into the vocabulary of popular music and has continued to be influential up to the present day.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The 2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ This was the program's 120th overall season, 83rd as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and 25th within the SEC Eastern Division.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The Volunteers played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee and were led by fourth-year head coach Butch Jones.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ They finished the season 9–4, 4–4 in SEC play to finish in a three-way tie for second place in the Eastern Division.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Music City Bowl where they defeated Nebraska.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The 2015 Tennessee Volunteers football team started off their season with a 59–30 victory over the Bowling Green Falcons.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Lexa is a fictional character from the American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series \"The 100\", produced by The CW.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The recurring television character (portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey) does not appear in the books on which the series is based.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The commander of the allied Grounder clans, Lexa is proven to be a reasonable leader and strong warrior.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ She considers love a weakness, a view significantly impacted by the death of her girlfriend, Costia.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Though she starts to show romantic feelings for Clarke Griffin (leader of the Sky People) and takes Clarke's views into consideration, Lexa puts her people first, even at the expense of losing Clarke's trust.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ Dawn Swann is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Kara Tointon, who first appeared on 26 September 2005.", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ It was reported on 26 March 2009 that Tointon and co-star Ricky Groves, who plays Garry Hobbs, would be written out of the soap and the character made her final appearance on 27 August 2009.", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ Dawn's father, Mike Swann (Mark Wingett), deserted her when she was six.", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ She left home at 16, disapproving of her mother Rosie's (Gerry Cowper) partner Keith (David Spinx).", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ In 2005, she reacquainted herself with Mike in France.", "Dawn Swann __knowledge__ She moves to Walford after Mike's property scam fails, and lives with Rosie.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ A fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides the rock into two or more pieces.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ A fracture will sometimes form a deep fissure or crevice in the rock.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ Fractures are commonly caused by stress exceeding the rock strength, causing the rock to lose cohesion along its weakest plane.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ Fractures can provide permeability for fluid movement, such as water or hydrocarbons.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ Highly fractured rocks can make good aquifers or hydrocarbon reservoirs, since they may possess both significant permeability and fracture porosity.", "Fracture (geology) __knowledge__ Fractures are forms of brittle deformation.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fracture is a fatigue-induced fracture of the bone caused by repeated stress over time.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Instead of resulting from a single severe impact, stress fractures are the result of accumulated trauma from repeated submaximal loading, such as running or jumping.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Because of this mechanism, stress fractures are common overuse injuries in athletes.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fractures can be described as very small slivers or cracks in the bone; and are sometimes referred to as \"hairline fractures.\"", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fractures most frequently occur in weight-bearing bones, such as the tibia (bone of the lower leg), metatarsals, and navicular bones (bones of the foot).", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Theropod paleopathology is the study of injury and disease in theropod dinosaurs.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ In 2001, Ralph E. Molnar published a survey of pathologies in theropod dinosaur bone that uncovered pathological features in 21 genera from 10 theropod families.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Pathologies have been seen on most theropod body parts, with the most common sites of preserved injury and disease being the ribs and tail vertebrae.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ The least common sites of preserved pathology are the weight-bearing bones like the tibia, femur and sacrum.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Most pathologies preserved in theropod fossils are the remains of injuries, but infections and congenital deformities have also been documented.", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ Allosaurus () is a genus of large theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian).", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ The name \"\"Allosaurus\"\" means \"different lizard\".", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ It is derived from the Greek /\"allos\" (\"different, other\") and /\"sauros\" (\"lizard / generic reptile\").", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ The first fossil remains that could definitively be ascribed to this genus were described in 1877 by paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh.", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ These remains became known as \"Antrodemus\".", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ As one of the first well-known theropod dinosaurs, it has long attracted attention outside of paleontological circles.", "Hydraulic fracturing __knowledge__ Hydraulic fracturing (also fracking, fraccing, frac'ing, hydrofracturing or hydrofracking) is a well stimulation technique in which rock is fractured by a pressurized liquid.", "Hydraulic fracturing __knowledge__ The process involves the high-pressure injection of 'fracking fluid' (primarily water, containing sand or other proppants suspended with the aid of thickening agents) into a wellbore to create cracks in the deep-rock formations through which natural gas, petroleum, and brine will flow more freely.", "Hydraulic fracturing __knowledge__ When the hydraulic pressure is removed from the well, small grains of hydraulic fracturing proppants (either sand or aluminium oxide) hold the fractures open.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone).", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Symptoms may include pain around the hip particularly with movement and shortening of the leg.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Usually the person cannot walk.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ They most often occur as a result of a fall.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Risk factors include osteoporosis, taking many medications, alcohol use, and metastatic cancer.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Diagnosis is generally by X-rays.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Magnetic resonance imaging, a CT scan, or a bone scan may occasionally be required to make the diagnosis.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ Pain management may occur with opioids or a nerve block.", "Hip fracture __knowledge__ If a person's health is sufficient, surgery is generally recommended within two days." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Although bone tissue itself contains no nociceptors, bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Damage to adjacent structures such as nerves or vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually remove the non-viable material.", "Bone fracture __knowledge__ The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "Dental implant __knowledge__ A dental implant (also known as an endosseous implant or fixture) is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone of the jaw or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor.", "Dental implant __knowledge__ The basis for modern dental implants is a biologic process called osseointegration, in which materials such as titanium form an intimate bond to bone.", "Dental implant __knowledge__ The implant fixture is first placed so that it is likely to osseointegrate, then a dental prosthetic is added.", "Dental implant __knowledge__ A variable amount of healing time is required for osseointegration before either the dental prosthetic (a tooth, bridge or denture) is attached to the implant or an abutment is placed which will hold a dental prosthetic.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "The Angels (Australian band) __knowledge__ The Angels are an Australian rock band which formed in Adelaide in 1974 as The Keystone Angels by John Brewster on rhythm guitar and vocals, his brother Rick Brewster on lead guitar and vocals, and Bernard \"Doc\" Neeson on lead vocals and guitar.", "The Angels (Australian band) __knowledge__ They were later joined by Graham \"Buzz\" Bidstrup on drums and vocals, and Chris Bailey on bass guitar and vocals.", "The Angels (Australian band) __knowledge__ In 1981 Bidstrup was replaced on drums by Brent Eccles.", "The Angels (Australian band) __knowledge__ Their studio albums on the Kent Music Report Albums Chart top 10 are \"No Exit\" (July 1979), \"Dark Room\" (June 1980), \"Night Attack\" (November 1981), \"Two Minute Warning\" (November 1984), \"Howling\" (October 1986) and \"Beyond Salvation\" (February 1990).", "Mink DeVille __knowledge__ Mink DeVille (1974–86) was a rock band known for its association with early punk rock bands at New York’s CBGB nightclub and for being a showcase for the music of Willy DeVille.", "Mink DeVille __knowledge__ The band recorded six albums in the years 1977 to 1985.", "Mink DeVille __knowledge__ Except for frontman Willy DeVille, the original members of the band played only on the first two albums (\"Cabretta\" and \"Return to Magenta\").", "Mink DeVille __knowledge__ For the remaining albums and for tours, Willy DeVille assembled musicians to play under the name Mink DeVille.", "Mink DeVille __knowledge__ After 1985, when Willy DeVille began recording and touring under his own name, his backup bands were sometimes called “The Mink DeVille Band,” an allusion to the earlier Mink DeVille.", "Bone density __knowledge__ Bone density or bone mineral density (BMD) is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.", "Bone density __knowledge__ The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimeter of bone surface upon imaging.", "Bone density __knowledge__ Bone density measurement is used in clinical medicine as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk.", "Bone density __knowledge__ It is measured by a procedure called densitometry, often performed in the radiology or nuclear medicine departments of hospitals or clinics.", "Bone density __knowledge__ The measurement is painless and non-invasive and involves low radiation exposure.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Theropod paleopathology is the study of injury and disease in theropod dinosaurs.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ In 2001, Ralph E. Molnar published a survey of pathologies in theropod dinosaur bone that uncovered pathological features in 21 genera from 10 theropod families.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Pathologies have been seen on most theropod body parts, with the most common sites of preserved injury and disease being the ribs and tail vertebrae.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ The least common sites of preserved pathology are the weight-bearing bones like the tibia, femur and sacrum.", "Theropod paleopathology __knowledge__ Most pathologies preserved in theropod fossils are the remains of injuries, but infections and congenital deformities have also been documented.", "Kwak'wala __knowledge__ Kwak'wala (), also written as Kwak̓wala, previously known as Kwakiutl (), is the indigenous language spoken by the Kwakwaka'wakw (which means \"those who speak Kwak'wala\").", "Kwak'wala __knowledge__ It belongs to the Wakashan language family.", "Kwak'wala __knowledge__ There are fewer than 200 fluent Kwak'wala speakers today, which amounts to 3% of the Kwakwaka'wakw population.", "Kwak'wala __knowledge__ Because of the small number of speakers, the fact that very few if any children learn Kwak'wala as a first language, and that most speakers are elders, its long-term viability is in question.", "Kwak'wala __knowledge__ However, interest from many Kwakwaka'wakw in preserving their language and a number of revitalization projects are countervailing pressures which may extend the viability of the language.", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ Allosaurus () is a genus of large theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian).", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ The name \"\"Allosaurus\"\" means \"different lizard\".", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ It is derived from the Greek /\"allos\" (\"different, other\") and /\"sauros\" (\"lizard / generic reptile\").", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ The first fossil remains that could definitively be ascribed to this genus were described in 1877 by paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh.", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ These remains became known as \"Antrodemus\".", "Allosaurus __knowledge__ As one of the first well-known theropod dinosaurs, it has long attracted attention outside of paleontological circles.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fracture is a fatigue-induced fracture of the bone caused by repeated stress over time.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Instead of resulting from a single severe impact, stress fractures are the result of accumulated trauma from repeated submaximal loading, such as running or jumping.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Because of this mechanism, stress fractures are common overuse injuries in athletes.", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fractures can be described as very small slivers or cracks in the bone; and are sometimes referred to as \"hairline fractures.\"", "Stress fracture __knowledge__ Stress fractures most frequently occur in weight-bearing bones, such as the tibia (bone of the lower leg), metatarsals, and navicular bones (bones of the foot).", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Bruxism is excessive teeth grinding or jaw clenching.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ It is an oral parafunctional activity; i.e., it is unrelated to normal function such as eating or talking.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Bruxism is a common behavior; reports of prevalence range from 8–31% in the general population.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Several symptoms are commonly associated with bruxism, including hypersensitive teeth, aching jaw muscles, headaches, tooth wear, and damage to dental restorations (e.g.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ crowns and fillings) to teeth.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ But symptoms may be minimal, without patient awareness of the condition.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ There are two main types of bruxism: one occurs during sleep (sleep bruxism) and one during wakefulness (awake bruxism).", "Skin __knowledge__ Skin is the soft outer tissue covering vertebrates.", "Skin __knowledge__ Other animal coverings, such as the arthropod exoskeleton, have different developmental origin, structure and chemical composition.", "Skin __knowledge__ The adjective cutaneous means \"of the skin\" (from Latin \"cutis\", skin).", "Skin __knowledge__ In mammals, the skin is an organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs.", "Skin __knowledge__ Skin of a different nature exists in amphibians, reptiles, and birds.", "Skin __knowledge__ All mammals have some hair on their skin, even marine mammals like whales, dolphins, and porpoises which appear to be hairless.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Humans venturing into the environment of space can have negative effects on the body.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness include muscle atrophy and deterioration of the skeleton (spaceflight osteopenia).", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Other significant effects include a slowing of cardiovascular system functions, decreased production of red blood cells, balance disorders, eyesight disorders and a weakening of the immune system.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Additional symptoms include fluid redistribution (causing the \"moon-face\" appearance typical in pictures of astronauts experiencing weightlessness), loss of body mass, nasal congestion, sleep disturbance, and excess flatulence." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "That sounds pretty bad! Bone fractures are often abbreviated to FRX or Fx too.", "Not fun at all haha. It is a damage in the continuity of the bone.", "Damn that sounds weird. These fractures can be the result of high force impact or stress.", "They can also be caused by minimal stress if you have a condition that weakens the bones.", "Might wanna see if you have something like osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperecta, they all weaken the bones in some way." ]

[ "Bone fracture", "Bone fracture", "Bone fracture", "Bone fracture", "Bone fracture" ]

[ "Autism", "I'm not familiar with that condition, can you explain it a bit?", "Oh that's unfortunate, is it curable?", "Well that's good to know that something can be done at least." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication.", "Autism __knowledge__ Often there is also restricted and repetitive behavior.", "Autism __knowledge__ Parents usually notice signs in the first two or three years of their child's life.", "Autism __knowledge__ These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then worsen.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Autism __knowledge__ Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella as well as valproic acid, alcohol, or cocaine use during pregnancy.", "Autism __knowledge__ Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example the vaccine hypotheses, which have been disproven.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood.", "Autism __knowledge__ In the DSM V, autism is included within the autism spectrum (ASDs), along with Asperger syndrome which is less severe, and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).", "Autism __knowledge__ Early speech or behavioral interventions can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills.", "Autism __knowledge__ Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication.", "Autism __knowledge__ Often there is also restricted and repetitive behavior.", "Autism __knowledge__ Parents usually notice signs in the first two or three years of their child's life.", "Autism __knowledge__ These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then worsen.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Autism __knowledge__ Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella as well as valproic acid, alcohol, or cocaine use during pregnancy.", "Autism __knowledge__ Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example the vaccine hypotheses, which have been disproven.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood.", "Autism __knowledge__ In the DSM V, autism is included within the autism spectrum (ASDs), along with Asperger syndrome which is less severe, and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).", "Autism __knowledge__ Early speech or behavioral interventions can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills.", "Autism __knowledge__ Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered.", "RISC-V __knowledge__ RISC-V (pronounced \"risk-five\") is an open instruction set architecture (ISA) based on established reduced instruction set computing (RISC) principles.", "RISC-V __knowledge__ In contrast to most ISAs, the RISC-V ISA can be freely used for any purpose, permitting anyone to design, manufacture and sell RISC-V chips and software.", "RISC-V __knowledge__ While not the first open ISA, it is significant because it is designed to be useful in modern computerized devices such as warehouse-scale cloud computers, high-end mobile phones and the smallest embedded systems.", "RISC-V __knowledge__ Such uses demand that the designers consider both performance and power efficiency.", "Parallel computing __knowledge__ Parallel computing is a type of computation in which many calculations or the execution of processes are carried out simultaneously.", "Parallel computing __knowledge__ Large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which can then be solved at the same time.", "Parallel computing __knowledge__ There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism.", "Parallel computing __knowledge__ Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but it's gaining broader interest due to the physical constraints preventing frequency scaling.", "Parallel computing __knowledge__ As power consumption (and consequently heat generation) by computers has become a concern in recent years, parallel computing has become the dominant paradigm in computer architecture, mainly in the form of multi-core processors.", "MIPS architecture __knowledge__ MIPS (an acronym for \"Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages\") is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by MIPS Technologies (formerly MIPS Computer Systems).", "MIPS architecture __knowledge__ The early MIPS architectures were 32-bit, with 64-bit versions added later.", "MIPS architecture __knowledge__ There are multiple versions of MIPS: including MIPS I, II, III, IV, and V; as well as five releases of MIPS32/64 (for 32- and 64-bit implementations, respectively).", "MIPS architecture __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the current version is MIPS32/64 Release 6.", "MIPS architecture __knowledge__ MIPS32/64 primarily differs from MIPS I–V by defining the privileged kernel mode System Control Coprocessor in addition to the user mode architecture.", "Mutual exclusivity (psychology) __knowledge__ Mutual exclusivity is a word learning constraint that involves the tendency to assign one label/name, and in turn avoid assigning a second label, to a single object.", "Mutual exclusivity (psychology) __knowledge__ Mutual exclusivity is often discussed as one of three main lexical constraints, or word learning biases, that are believed to play major roles in word learning, the other two being the whole-object and taxonomic constraints.", "Mutual exclusivity (psychology) __knowledge__ This assumption is typically first seen in the early stages of word learning by toddlers, but it is not limited to young childhood.", "Mutual exclusivity (psychology) __knowledge__ Mutual exclusivity is often discussed by domain-specific accounts of language as limiting children’s hypotheses about the possible meanings of words.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ Windows NT 3.1 is a 32-bit operating system developed by Microsoft, and released on July 27, 1993.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ It was the first published edition of the Windows NT series of operating systems.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ At the time of Windows NT's release, Microsoft's Windows 3.1 desktop environment had established brand recognition and market share; but Windows 3.1 relied on the DOS operating system for essential functions, and it had a constrictive 16-bit architecture.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ Windows NT, however, was a complete, 32-bit operating system that retained a desktop environment familiar to Windows 3.1 users.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ By extending the Windows brand and beginning Windows NT at version 3.1, Microsoft implied that consumers should expect a familiar user experience.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ Autism spectrum, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a range of conditions classified as neurodevelopmental disorders.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder present with two types of symptoms: problems in social communication and social interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ Symptoms are typically recognized between one and two years of age.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ The cause of autism spectrum is unclear.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ Risk factors include having an older parent, a family history of the condition, and certain genetic conditions.", "Autism spectrum __knowledge__ Diagnosis is based on symptoms.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a developmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ As a milder autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it differs from other ASDs by relatively normal language and intelligence.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Although not required for diagnosis, physical clumsiness and unusual use of language are common.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Signs usually begin before two years old and typically last for a person's entire life.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ The exact cause of Asperger's is unknown.", "Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ While it is probably partly inherited, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively.", "Global perceptions of autism __knowledge__ This article discusses diagnosis, treatment, and experiences of autism globally.", "Global perceptions of autism __knowledge__ Although the diagnosis of autisms is rising in post-industrial nations, diagnosis rates are much lower in developing nations.", "Global perceptions of autism __knowledge__ Reasons given by researchers for this discrepancy include more awareness and better detection in developed nations and cultural differences such that symptoms associated with autism may be considered normal behavior in some cultures.", "Global perceptions of autism __knowledge__ However, many scientists theorize that other factors may also be responsible for the increasing rates in post-industrial countries.", "Global perceptions of autism __knowledge__ Some claim that about one third of ASD is due to immune dysregulation during pregnancy.", "Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Several factors complicate the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome (AS), an autism spectrum disorder (ASD).", "Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Like other ASD forms, Asperger syndrome is characterized by impairment in social interaction accompanied by restricted and repetitive interests and behavior; it differs from the other ASDs by having no general delay in language or cognitive development.", "Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ Problems in diagnosis include disagreement among diagnostic criteria, controversy over the distinction between AS and other ASD forms or even whether AS exists as a separate syndrome, and over- and under-diagnosis for non-technical reasons.", "Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome __knowledge__ As with other ASD forms, early diagnosis is important, and differential diagnosis must consider several other conditions.", "Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified __knowledge__ A pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) is one of the four autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and also one of the five disorders classified as a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD).", "Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified __knowledge__ According to the DSM-IV, PDD-NOS is a diagnosis that is used for \"severe and pervasive impairment in the development of reciprocal social interaction or verbal and nonverbal communication skills, or when stereotyped behavior, interests, and activities are present, but the criteria are not met for a specific PDD\" or for several other disorders.", "Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified __knowledge__ PDD-NOS is often called atypical autism, because the criteria for autistic disorder are not met, for instance because of late age of onset, atypical symptomatology, or subthreshold symptomatology, or all of these.", "Index of psychology articles __knowledge__ Psychology (from psykhē \"breath, spirit, soul\"; and , \"-logia\" \"study of\") is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of human mental functions and behavior.", "Index of psychology articles __knowledge__ Occasionally, in addition or opposition to employing the scientific method, it also relies on symbolic interpretation and critical analysis, although these traditions have tended to be less pronounced than in other social sciences, such as sociology.", "Index of psychology articles __knowledge__ Psychologists study phenomena such as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships.", "Index of psychology articles __knowledge__ Some, especially depth psychologists, also study the unconscious mind." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication.", "Autism __knowledge__ Often there is also restricted and repetitive behavior.", "Autism __knowledge__ Parents usually notice signs in the first two or three years of their child's life.", "Autism __knowledge__ These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then worsen.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Autism __knowledge__ Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella as well as valproic acid, alcohol, or cocaine use during pregnancy.", "Autism __knowledge__ Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example the vaccine hypotheses, which have been disproven.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood.", "Autism __knowledge__ In the DSM V, autism is included within the autism spectrum (ASDs), along with Asperger syndrome which is less severe, and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).", "Autism __knowledge__ Early speech or behavioral interventions can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills.", "Autism __knowledge__ Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered.", "UV coating __knowledge__ A UV coating is a surface treatment which either is cured by ultraviolet radiation, or which protects the underlying material from such radiation's harmful effects.", "UV coating __knowledge__ Ultraviolet cured coatings can be applied over ink printed on paper and dried by exposure to UV radiation.", "UV coating __knowledge__ UV coatings can be formulated up to 100% solids so that they have no volatile component that contributes to pollution.", "UV coating __knowledge__ This high solids level also allows for the coating to be applied in very thin films.", "UV coating __knowledge__ UV coatings can be formulated to a wide variety of gloss ranges.", "UV coating __knowledge__ UV coating can be applied via most conventional industrial coating applications as well as by silkscreen.", "Christopher Smart's asylum confinement __knowledge__ The English poet Christopher Smart (1722–1771) was confined to mental asylums from May 1757 until January 1763.", "Christopher Smart's asylum confinement __knowledge__ Smart was admitted into St Luke's Hospital for Lunatics, Upper Moorfields, London, on 6 May 1757.", "Christopher Smart's asylum confinement __knowledge__ He was taken there by his father-in-law, John Newbery, although he may have been confined in a private madhouse before then.", "Christopher Smart's asylum confinement __knowledge__ While in St Luke's he wrote \"Jubilate Agno\" and \"A Song to David\", the poems considered to be his greatest works.", "Christopher Smart's asylum confinement __knowledge__ Although many of his contemporaries agreed that Smart was \"mad\", accounts of his condition and its ramifications varied, and some felt that he had been committed unfairly.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of tropical infections which are especially common in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ They are caused by a variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ These diseases are contrasted with the big three diseases (HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria), which generally receive greater treatment and research funding.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ In sub-Saharan Africa, the effect of these diseases as a group is comparable to malaria and tuberculosis.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ NTD co-infection can also make HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis more deadly.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin, and a rash.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ In cases of short duration there may be small blisters while in long-term cases the skin may become thickened.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The area of skin involved can vary from small to the entire body.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The exact cause of dermatitis is often unclear.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Cases may involve a combination of irritation, allergy, and poor venous return.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sex, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex or oral sex.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ Many times STIs initially do not cause symptoms.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ This results in a greater risk of passing the disease on to others.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ Symptoms and signs of disease may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ STIs can be transmitted to an infant before or during childbirth and may result in poor outcomes for the baby.", "Sexually transmitted infection __knowledge__ Some STIs may cause problems with the ability to get pregnant.", "Offset printing __knowledge__ Offset printing is a commonly used printing technique in which the inked image is transferred (or \"offset\") from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface.", "Offset printing __knowledge__ When used in combination with the lithographic process, which is based on the repulsion of oil and water, the offset technique employs a flat (planographic) image carrier on which the image to be printed obtains ink from ink rollers, while the non-printing area attracts a water-based film (called \"fountain solution\"), keeping the non-printing areas ink-free.", "Offset printing __knowledge__ The modern \"web\" process feeds a large reel of paper through a large press machine in several parts, typically for several metres, which then prints continuously as the paper is fed through.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a 2004 American dark fantasy comedy film directed by Brad Silberling.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ It is a film adaptation of \"A Series of Unfortunate Events\" by Lemony Snicket, covering the first three novels \"The Bad Beginning\", \"The Reptile Room\", and \"The Wide Window\".", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ The film stars Jim Carrey, Liam Aiken, Emily Browning, Timothy Spall, Catherine O'Hara, Billy Connolly, Cedric the Entertainer, Luis Guzmán, Jennifer Coolidge and Meryl Streep, as well as Jude Law as the voice of Lemony Snicket.", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies purchased the film rights to Daniel Handler's book series in 2000 and soon began development of a film with Barry Sonnenfeld attached to direct.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ Across Five Aprils is a novel by Irene Hunt, published in 1964 and winner of the 1965 Newbery Honor, set in the Civil War era.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ Hunt was close to her grandfather who told her stories from his youth, which she incorporated into \"Across Five Aprils.\"", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ \"Across Five Aprils\" is often considered the first novel of the Young Adult genre.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ Hunt published her first book, \"Across Five Aprils,\" at age 57.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ She researched the historical facts and integrated stories that were told to her by her grandfather.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ The Creighton family was documented in those stories and in letters and records.", "Across Five Aprils __knowledge__ Like Jethro, the book's protagonist, her grandfather was only nine when the Civil War erupted, so Hunt used him as a vehicle through which to imagine what a family must have gone through at that time.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ This is the list of both known major and minor characters for the animated television series \"Di-Gata Defenders\".", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ Some of them have magical abilities.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ At the age of fourteen, Seth is the leader of the Di-Gata defenders.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He is skilled, confident, charismatic, creative, and decisive.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ However, he is also impatient in battle and headstrong.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He also likes to eat, which he can do with his eyes closed, and tends to succumb to nausea more than the others due to his weak stomach.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He controls the Nova Stone, a powerful Champion Stone which once belonged to his father.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ As the leader of the Defenders, he tries to be careful with those he trusts, for the past errors they have had (especially with Kali).", "Tours Métropole Val de Loire __knowledge__ Tours Métropole Val de Loire is the \"métropole\", an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Tours.", "Tours Métropole Val de Loire __knowledge__ It is located in the Indre-et-Loire department, in the Centre-Val de Loire region, central France.", "Tours Métropole Val de Loire __knowledge__ It was created in March 2017, replacing the previous \"Communauté urbaine Tour(S) Plus\".", "Tours Métropole Val de Loire __knowledge__ Its population was 299,127 in 2014, of which 139,507 in Tours proper.", "Tours Métropole Val de Loire __knowledge__ The Tours Métropole Val de Loire consists of the following 22 communes:", "Causes of the Great Recession __knowledge__ Many factors directly and indirectly caused the Great Recession (which started in 2007 with the US subprime mortgage crisis), with experts and economists placing different weights on particular causes.", "Causes of the Great Recession __knowledge__ Major causes of the initial subprime mortgage crisis and following recession include: International trade imbalances and lax lending standards contributing to high levels of developed country household debt and real-estate bubbles that have since burst; U.S. government housing policies; and limited regulation of non-depository financial institutions.", "Causes of the Great Recession __knowledge__ Once the recession began, various responses were attempted with different degrees of success.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication.", "Autism __knowledge__ Often there is also restricted and repetitive behavior.", "Autism __knowledge__ Parents usually notice signs in the first two or three years of their child's life.", "Autism __knowledge__ These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then worsen.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Autism __knowledge__ Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella as well as valproic acid, alcohol, or cocaine use during pregnancy.", "Autism __knowledge__ Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example the vaccine hypotheses, which have been disproven.", "Autism __knowledge__ Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood.", "Autism __knowledge__ In the DSM V, autism is included within the autism spectrum (ASDs), along with Asperger syndrome which is less severe, and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).", "Autism __knowledge__ Early speech or behavioral interventions can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills.", "Autism __knowledge__ Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Happiness economics __knowledge__ The economics of happiness or happiness economics is the quantitative and theoretical study of happiness, positive and negative affect, well-being, quality of life, life satisfaction and related concepts, typically combining economics with other fields such as psychology, health and sociology.", "Happiness economics __knowledge__ It typically treats such happiness-related measures, rather than wealth, income or profit, as something to be maximized.", "Happiness economics __knowledge__ The field has grown substantially since the late 20th century, for example by the development of methods, surveys and indices to measure happiness and related concepts.", "Happiness economics __knowledge__ Its findings have been described as a challenge to the economics profession.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is a measure of happiness published by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is edited by John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The 2017 edition added three associate editors; Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang, and Shun Wang.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ Authors of chapters include Richard Easterlin, Edward F. Diener, Martine Durand, Nicole Fortin, Jon Hall, Valerie Møller, and many others.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ In July 2011, the UN General Assembly resolution 65/309 \"Happiness: Towards a Holistic Definition of Developmen\"t inviting member countries to measure the happiness of their people and to use the data to help guide public policy.", "Affective forecasting __knowledge__ Affective forecasting (also known as hedonic forecasting, or the hedonic forecasting mechanism) is the prediction of one's affect (emotional state) in the future.", "Affective forecasting __knowledge__ As a process that influences preferences, decisions, and behavior, affective forecasting is studied by both psychologists and economists, with broad applications.", "Affective forecasting __knowledge__ Kahneman and Snell began research on hedonic forecasts in the early 1990s, examining its impact on decision making.", "Affective forecasting __knowledge__ The term \"affective forecasting\" was later coined by psychologists Timothy Wilson and Daniel Gilbert.", "Affective forecasting __knowledge__ Early research tended to focus solely on measuring emotional forecasts, while subsequent studies began to examine the accuracy of forecasts, revealing that people are surprisingly poor judges of their future emotional states.", "Philosophy of happiness __knowledge__ The philosophy of happiness is the philosophical concern with the existence, nature, and attainment of happiness.", "Philosophy of happiness __knowledge__ Philosophically, happiness can be understood as the moral goal of life or as an aspect of chance; indeed, in most European languages the term happiness is synonymous with luck.", "Philosophy of happiness __knowledge__ Thus, philosophers usually explicate on happiness as either a state of mind, or a life that goes well for the person leading it.", "Philosophy of happiness __knowledge__ Plato (c. 428 c. 347 BCE), using Socrates (c. 470 399 BCE) as the main character in his philosophical dialogues, outlined the requirements for happiness in \"The Republic\".", "Philosophy of happiness __knowledge__ In \"The Republic\", Plato asserts that those who are moral are the only ones who may be truly happy.", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ The meaning of life, or the answer to the question \"What is the meaning of life?", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ \", pertains to the significance of living or existence in general.", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ Many other related questions include \"Why are we here?", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ \", \"What is life all about?", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ \", or \"What is the purpose of existence?\"", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ There have been a large number of proposed answers to these questions from many different cultural and ideological backgrounds.", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ The search for life's meaning has produced much philosophical, scientific, theological, and metaphysical speculation throughout history.", "Meaning of life __knowledge__ Different people and cultures believe different things for the answer to this question.", "Quality of life __knowledge__ Quality of life (QOL) is the general well-being of individuals and societies, outlining negative and positive features of life.", "Quality of life __knowledge__ It observes life satisfaction, including everything from physical health, family, education, employment, wealth, religious beliefs, finance and the environment.", "Quality of life __knowledge__ QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment.", "Quality of life __knowledge__ It is important not to mix up the concept of QOL with a more recent growing area of health related QOL (HRQOL).", "Quality of life __knowledge__ An assessment of HRQOL is effectively an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 49, 78 ]

[ "One of my kids has the developmental disorder Autism. ", "Sure! It tends to cause troubles with socializing, speaking, and functioning other ways. ", "It is not, but learning to live with the condition can be achieved. Well-being is happiness and quality of life. ", "True. It's really reassuring that their quality of life can still be great if their family can provide them with the care they need." ]

[ "Autism", "Autism", "Autism", "Autism" ]

[ "The Improv", "Like jokers wild? I love comedy", "Yeah it's funny. I use to watch whose line is it anyway with Drew Carey. have you heard of it?", "Yeah that show is awesome. I watch it off and on" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv is a comedy club franchise.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Originally, it was a single venue founded in 1963 by Budd Friedman and located in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City on West 44th near the SE corner of 9th Ave. A second location was opened in 1974 at 8162 Melrose Avenue in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, California (the old location of the Ash Grove).", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1979 Mark Lonow became a general partner and with Budd Friedman ran the Melrose club and oversaw the expansion of the single room as it became a successful chain.", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1982 the LA Improv became the original site for the A&E Network television series \"An Evening at the Improv\", running from 1982 until 1996, and was produced by Larry O'Daly, created by O'Daly and Barbara Hosie-O'Daly, with Budd Friedman as a warm-up host.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Other locations have opened since then, such as in Tampa, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Atlantic City, and Louisville, Kentucky.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Levity Entertainment Group is the largest shareholder of The Improv comedy clubs.", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv was the place to see Richard Pryor, Robert Klein, Steve Landesberg, Bette Midler, Lily Tomlin, Jay Leno, and others when they were just starting out.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Dustin Hoffman played piano there.", "The Improv __knowledge__ On any given night in the later 1970s, one could see Gilbert Gottfried, Joe Piscopo, Bruce Mahler, Mark Schiff, Larry David, and many others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv is a comedy club franchise.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Originally, it was a single venue founded in 1963 by Budd Friedman and located in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City on West 44th near the SE corner of 9th Ave. A second location was opened in 1974 at 8162 Melrose Avenue in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, California (the old location of the Ash Grove).", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1979 Mark Lonow became a general partner and with Budd Friedman ran the Melrose club and oversaw the expansion of the single room as it became a successful chain.", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1982 the LA Improv became the original site for the A&E Network television series \"An Evening at the Improv\", running from 1982 until 1996, and was produced by Larry O'Daly, created by O'Daly and Barbara Hosie-O'Daly, with Budd Friedman as a warm-up host.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Other locations have opened since then, such as in Tampa, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Atlantic City, and Louisville, Kentucky.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Levity Entertainment Group is the largest shareholder of The Improv comedy clubs.", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv was the place to see Richard Pryor, Robert Klein, Steve Landesberg, Bette Midler, Lily Tomlin, Jay Leno, and others when they were just starting out.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Dustin Hoffman played piano there.", "The Improv __knowledge__ On any given night in the later 1970s, one could see Gilbert Gottfried, Joe Piscopo, Bruce Mahler, Mark Schiff, Larry David, and many others.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"Wild Cards\" book series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer is a character from the \"Wild Cards\" series of books.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ He first appeared in the short story \"Pennies from Hell\" by Lewis Shiner in \"Wild Cards II: Aces High\", though his presence was earlier implied in \"The Long, Dark Night of Fortunato\" in the first volume of the series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Leader of a cult consisting mainly of superhuman aces and deformed jokers known as the Egyptian Freemasons.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer planned to conquer the world in the aftermath of an invasion by fungoid aliens called the Swarm.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Unknown to him, the Shakti device of the Egyptian Freemasons lacked a power source and was designed to contact an alien organization, the Network.", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ The Tenderloins is an American comedy troupe currently composed of Joseph \"Joe\" Gatto, James \"Murr\" Murray, Brian \"Q\" Quinn, and Salvatore \"Sal\" Vulcano.", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ The group stars in the popular television series \"Impractical Jokers\", which premiered on December 15, 2011.", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ The program currently airs on truTV in the U.S. and on Comedy Central in the UK, Ireland, and India.", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ The comedians met in religion class during freshman year at Monsignor Farrell High School on Staten Island in 1990.", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ They became interested in drama and improv and joined an improv club because \"it was the only way to meet girls\".", "The Tenderloins __knowledge__ Sal Vulcano kept a list of words that they'd be embarrassed to say in a public setting.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The Joker's Wild is an American television game show that has aired at different times since the 1970s.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ Contestants answer questions based on categories determined randomly by a mechanism resembling a slot machine.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The show's title refers to the game's slot-machine mechanism also having jokers.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The show was billed as \"the game where knowledge is king and lady luck is queen\", and was notable for being the first successful game show produced by Jack Barry after his company's role in the quiz show scandals during the late 1950s.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The success of the series led in part to the reformation of Barry & Enright Productions in the 1970s, which reunited Barry with his partner Dan Enright.", "Jokers Wild (TV series) __knowledge__ Jokers Wild was a British comedy panel game show that originally aired on ITV as a pilot on 15 April 1969 and then as a full series from 9 July 1969 to 20 November 1974.", "Jokers Wild (TV series) __knowledge__ It was hosted by Barry Cryer.", "Jokers Wild (TV series) __knowledge__ Each week two teams of three comedians each played for points by telling jokes on a certain subject chosen by the host, who would pull the selection from a box on his desk.", "Jokers Wild (TV series) __knowledge__ Typical examples were politics or the mother-in-law.", "Jokers Wild (TV series) __knowledge__ When a member of a team was telling a joke, a member of the other team could interrupt the joke by pressing the buzzer and finishing the joke to score bonus points for his/her team.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ Jokers Wild were an English Rock band formed in Cambridge in 1964.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ The line-up included guitarist David Gilmour and saxophonist Dick Parry.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ Gilmour went on to join the band Pink Floyd and Parry went on to become a session musician, playing on three Pink Floyd studio albums and one live album.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ Parry also went on to join Gilmour's 2006 solo tour.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ Their only releases were a privately pressed, single-sided studio album (carrying catalogue number RSLP 007) and single (RSR 0031), of which only forty or fifty copies each were made.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ These were recorded at Regent Sound studio in Denmark Street, London.", "Jokers Wild (band) __knowledge__ A tape recording of the LP is held by the British Library's British Library Sound Archive.", "Jokers Wild Casino __knowledge__ The Jokers Wild Casino is a locals casino located in Henderson, Nevada.", "Jokers Wild Casino __knowledge__ It is one of the casinos owned by Boyd Gaming Corporation.", "Jokers Wild Casino __knowledge__ It originally opened in 1990 as the Cattle Baron Casino, and closed in 1993.", "Jokers Wild Casino __knowledge__ It was reopened on April 1, 1993 as the Jokers Wild Casino.", "Joker (playing card) __knowledge__ The Joker is a playing card found in most modern card decks, as an addition to the standard four suits (clubs, diamonds, hearts and spades).", "Joker (playing card) __knowledge__ The Joker originated in the United States during the civil war and was created as a trump card for the game of Euchre.", "Joker (playing card) __knowledge__ It has since been adopted into many other card games where it may function as a wild card.", "Joker (playing card) __knowledge__ The card is unique in that it lacks an industry-wide standard appearance.", "Joker (playing card) __knowledge__ In the game of Euchre, the highest trump card is the Jack of the trump suit, called the \"right bower\" (from the German \"\"); the second-highest trump, the \"left bower\", is the Jack of the suit of the same color as trumps.", "Improvisational theatre __knowledge__ Improvisational theatre, often called improv or impro, is the form of theatre, often comedy, in which most or all of what is performed is unplanned or unscripted: created spontaneously by the performers.", "Improvisational theatre __knowledge__ In its purest form, the dialogue, action, story, and characters are created collaboratively by the players as the improvisation unfolds in present time, without use of an already prepared, written script.", "Improvisational theatre __knowledge__ Improvisational theatre exists in performance as a range of styles of improvisational comedy as well as some non-comedic theatrical performances.", "Improvisational theatre __knowledge__ It is sometimes used in film and television, both to develop characters and scripts and occasionally as part of the final product.", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ The Fracas!", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ Improv Festival (commonly known as Fracas!)", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ is a three-day (formerly a two-day) annual improvisational theatre festival held at The University of Southern California in Los Angeles, California.", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ The festival is hosted by Second Nature Improv, one of USC's improv troupes.", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ In addition to performances, the festival hosts discussion panels with professional improvisers currently working in television, film, and/or theatre, as well as improv workshops.", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ While the performances and panels are open to the public, workshops are available only to registered festival participants.", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ Fracas!", "Fracas! Improv Festival __knowledge__ I (2004) The first Fracas!", "Carlton Cole __knowledge__ Carlton Michael George Cole (born 12 October 1983) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker.", "Carlton Cole __knowledge__ He scored 51 goals in 289 Premier League appearances for four clubs.", "Carlton Cole __knowledge__ Cole began his career at Chelsea in 2001, spending spells out on loan at Wolverhampton Wanderers, Charlton Athletic and Aston Villa before being transferred to West Ham United in 2006.", "Carlton Cole __knowledge__ He was released by West Ham in 2013 only to be re-signed several months later, and the club released him for a second time in May 2015.", "Carlton Cole __knowledge__ He later had brief spells at Celtic in Scotland, Sacramento Republic in the United States and Persib Bandung in Indonesia.", "Joe Cole __knowledge__ Joseph John Cole (born 8 November 1981) is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for United Soccer League club Tampa Bay Rowdies.", "Joe Cole __knowledge__ Cole started his career with West Ham United, where, after breaking into the first team in January 1999, he played more than 120 Premier League games over five seasons.", "Joe Cole __knowledge__ He was one of a number of players who left West Ham in the summer of 2003, after the club had been relegated to the Football League First Division, with Cole signing for Chelsea.", "Joe Cole __knowledge__ He spent seven seasons at Chelsea, playing over 280 games in all competitions and winning ten trophies, including three Premier League titles, two FA Cups and two League Cups.", "Ashley Cole __knowledge__ Ashley Cole (born 20 December 1980) is an English professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Los Angeles Galaxy in Major League Soccer.", "Ashley Cole __knowledge__ Cole is considered by many critics and fellow professional players as one of the best defenders of his generation, and by some, for the better part of his career, as the best left-back in the world.", "Ashley Cole __knowledge__ Born in Stepney, London, Cole began his youth career at Arsenal and made his full debut for the club in November 1999, going on to make 228 appearances and scoring nine goals for the North London club.", "Ashley Cole __knowledge__ With Arsenal he won two Premier League titles, three FA Cups, and was an integral member of \"The Invincibles\" team of the 2003–04 season, who went the entire league season undefeated.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Whose Line Is It Anyway?", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ (often known as simply Whose Line?)", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ is an American improvisational comedy show, which was originally hosted by Drew Carey on ABC and ABC Family and ran from August 5, 1998 to December 15, 2007.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ A revival of the show, hosted by Aisha Tyler, began airing on The CW on July 16, 2013.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The series is an official adaptation of the British show of the same name and features Ryan Stiles, Colin Mochrie, and Wayne Brady as its regular performers with the fourth seat occupied by a guest panelist.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ All three regulars appeared on the British series; Stiles and Mochrie were both regulars (first appearing in the second and third series' respectively, and both appearing in every episode from series 8 onwards), with Brady a frequent guest in the final series which moved production from London to Hollywood.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ Theatre Strike Force is the University of Florida's premier improv and sketch comedy troupe.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ The group also goes by TSF.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ The style of improv performed by Theatre Strike Force is a combination long form and short form.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ They both teach and perform improvisational comedy.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ They have six house teams which include both forms of improv as well as a sketch team.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ There are four long form house teams which are casted every semester and usually have six to eight members.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ The TSF Short Form Team is casted every semester as well and usually has fifteen to nineteen members.", "Theatre Strike Force __knowledge__ TSF Sketch is the final house team and usually has twelve to sixteen members, casted each semester." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv is a comedy club franchise.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Originally, it was a single venue founded in 1963 by Budd Friedman and located in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City on West 44th near the SE corner of 9th Ave. A second location was opened in 1974 at 8162 Melrose Avenue in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, California (the old location of the Ash Grove).", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1979 Mark Lonow became a general partner and with Budd Friedman ran the Melrose club and oversaw the expansion of the single room as it became a successful chain.", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1982 the LA Improv became the original site for the A&E Network television series \"An Evening at the Improv\", running from 1982 until 1996, and was produced by Larry O'Daly, created by O'Daly and Barbara Hosie-O'Daly, with Budd Friedman as a warm-up host.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Other locations have opened since then, such as in Tampa, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Atlantic City, and Louisville, Kentucky.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Levity Entertainment Group is the largest shareholder of The Improv comedy clubs.", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv was the place to see Richard Pryor, Robert Klein, Steve Landesberg, Bette Midler, Lily Tomlin, Jay Leno, and others when they were just starting out.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Dustin Hoffman played piano there.", "The Improv __knowledge__ On any given night in the later 1970s, one could see Gilbert Gottfried, Joe Piscopo, Bruce Mahler, Mark Schiff, Larry David, and many others.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Whose Line Is It Anyway?", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ (often known as simply Whose Line?)", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ is an American improvisational comedy show, which was originally hosted by Drew Carey on ABC and ABC Family and ran from August 5, 1998 to December 15, 2007.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ A revival of the show, hosted by Aisha Tyler, began airing on The CW on July 16, 2013.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The series is an official adaptation of the British show of the same name and features Ryan Stiles, Colin Mochrie, and Wayne Brady as its regular performers with the fourth seat occupied by a guest panelist.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ All three regulars appeared on the British series; Stiles and Mochrie were both regulars (first appearing in the second and third series' respectively, and both appearing in every episode from series 8 onwards), with Brady a frequent guest in the final series which moved production from London to Hollywood.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has appeared in several films, television series, music videos, a made-for-television film, and a computer game.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He has hosted the game show \"The Price Is Right\" since 2007 on CBS.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He is interested in a variety of sports, has worked as a photographer at U.S. National Team soccer games, and is a minority owner of the Major League Soccer team Seattle Sounders FC.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has written an autobiography, \"Dirty Jokes and Beer: Stories of the Unrefined\", detailing his early life and television career.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey is the youngest of Lewis and Beulah Carey's three sons and raised in the Old Brooklyn neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ \"Drew Live\" is the eighth episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\", and the 109th overall.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ The episode's plot focuses on Drew (Drew Carey) trying to stop his friend, Kate (Christa Miller), from pursuing a relationship with a mystery guy, as Drew is in love with her.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ However, Drew is unaware that he is stopping Kate from pursuing him.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Drew's brother Steve (John Carroll Lynch) and his fiancée Mimi Bobeck (Kathy Kinney) hold a joint bachelor and bachelorette party.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ The episode was written by Clay Graham and directed by Gerry Cohen.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ It first aired on November 10, 1999 on the ABC network in the United States.", "Colin Mochrie __knowledge__ Colin Andrew Mochrie (; born November 30, 1957) is a Scottish-born Canadian actor and improvisational comedian, most famous for his appearances on the British and US versions of television improvization show \"Whose Line Is It Anyway?\".", "Colin Mochrie __knowledge__ Colin Mochrie was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland, the oldest of three children.", "Colin Mochrie __knowledge__ His father was an airline maintenance executive.", "Colin Mochrie __knowledge__ He was shy as a child, stating that neighbours would have commented that he \"watched way too much television.\"", "Colin Mochrie __knowledge__ In 1964, his family moved to a French neighbourhood just outside Montreal, Quebec, and five years later moved again to Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the first episode and the series premiere of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\".", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ It first aired on September 13, 1995 on the ABC network in the United States.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The premise of the show revolves around the life Drew Carey would have lived if he had not become a stand-up comedian.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The pilot introduces the main characters of Drew (Carey), Kate (Christa Miller), Lewis (Ryan Stiles) and Oswald (Diedrich Bader), as well as Drew's workplace, the fictional Winfred-Lauder department store, and enemy Mimi Bobeck (Kathy Kinney).", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The pilot was written by series co-creators Carey and Bruce Helford, while Michael Lessac directed.", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ Drew Carey's Green Screen Show is an improvisational comedy television series that aired in the fall of 2004 on The WB, and the fall of 2005 on Comedy Central.", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ The show was hosted by Drew Carey, and was somewhat a follow-up to the show he formerly hosted, \"Whose Line Is It Anyway?\".", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ The distinguishing feature of the show was that the improv games were performed in front of a \"green screen\" (similar to \"Newsflash\" game from \"Whose Line?", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ \"), with animation, music and sound effects inserted in post-production.", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ The show was otherwise very similar to \"Whose Line?\"", "Drew Carey's Green Screen Show __knowledge__ and featured many of the same performers and games.", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ \"Drew Live II\" is the fifth episode of the sixth season of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\", and the 132nd overall.", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ It first aired on November 8, 2000 on the ABC network in the United States.", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ The episode's plot sees Drew (Drew Carey) open an employment agency, but he has trouble finding jobs for his friends Lewis Kiniski (Ryan Stiles) and Oswald Lee Harvey (Diedrich Bader).", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ The episode was written by Brian Scully and directed by Gerry Cohen.", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ It was conceived after the success of the first live \"Drew Carey Show\" episode, which aired the previous year.", "Drew Live II __knowledge__ Improvisational segments were added to a basic plot, and producers chose to keep many elements of the episode a secret from the cast.", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ This is a list of games featured on BBC Radio 4's long-running \"antidote to panel games\", \"I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue\".", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ Some are featured more frequently than others.", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ The host gives a line of a poem, and each panelist has to continue the poem, continuing to speak until a buzzer sounds, at which point it goes to the next panelist.", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ Tim Brooke-Taylor is reportedly have stated to show a strong hatred for this game.", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ A song is played backwards, and the panelist has to guess what the song is.", "List of games on I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ Panellists attempt to sing a song perfectly in tune while Colin Sell plays wrong notes, changes key and changes tempo.", "Barry Cryer __knowledge__ Barry Charles Cryer OBE (born 23 March 1935) is an English writer, comedian and actor.", "Barry Cryer __knowledge__ Cryer has written for many noted performers, including Dave Allen, Stanley Baxter, Jack Benny, Rory Bremner, George Burns, Jasper Carrott, Tommy Cooper, Les Dawson, Dick Emery, Kenny Everett, Bruce Forsyth, David Frost, Bob Hope, Frankie Howerd, Richard Pryor, Spike Milligan, Mike Yarwood, The Two Ronnies and Morecambe and Wise.", "Barry Cryer __knowledge__ Cryer also wrote episodes for the television comedy series \"Doctor in the House\".", "Barry Cryer __knowledge__ Cryer was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England.", "Barry Cryer __knowledge__ Educated at Leeds Grammar School, he went on to study English Literature at the University of Leeds.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue is a BBC radio comedy panel game.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ Introduced as \"the antidote to panel games\", it consists of two teams of two comedians \"given silly things to do\" by a chairman.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ The show launched in April 1972 as a parody of radio and TV panel games, and has been broadcast since on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service, with repeats aired on BBC Radio 4 Extra.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ The 50th series was broadcast in November and December 2007.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ After a period of split chairmanship in the first series, Humphrey Lyttelton (\"Humph\") served in this role from the programme's inception until his death in 2008.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ In April 2008, following the hospitalisation and subsequent death of Lyttelton, recording of the 51st series was postponed.", "Hello Cheeky __knowledge__ Hello Cheeky is a comedy series starring Barry Cryer, John Junkin and Tim Brooke-Taylor, broadcast on BBC Radio 2 between 1973 and 1979, and also broadcast on television - on the ITV network - in 1976.", "Hello Cheeky __knowledge__ The format was short comedy sketches, often as short as one line, with occasional longer sketches.", "Hello Cheeky __knowledge__ The BBC radio show was broadcast weekly in a half-hour timeslot, usually on Saturday or Sunday lunchtime.", "Hello Cheeky __knowledge__ Its three stars were normally the only performers who appeared, although the show's musical director, Denis King, was often given a small speaking role in one or two of the shorter items.", "Hello Cheeky __knowledge__ The radio series featured music by the Denis King Trio, and was produced initially by David Hatch, then by Richard Willcox, and thereafter by Bob Oliver Rogers.", "Kenny Everett __knowledge__ Maurice James Christopher Cole (25 December 1944 – 4 April 1995), known professionally as Kenny Everett, was a British comedian, radio DJ and television entertainer.", "Kenny Everett __knowledge__ Everett is best known for his career as a radio DJ and for \"The Kenny Everett Video Show\".", "Kenny Everett __knowledge__ Everett was born in Seaforth, into a Catholic family as Maurice James Christopher Cole.", "Kenny Everett __knowledge__ Everett attended the local secondary modern school, St Bede's Secondary Modern School in Crosby, now part of Sacred Heart Catholic College.", "Kenny Everett __knowledge__ He attended a junior seminary at Stillington, North Yorkshire near York with an Italian missionary order, the Verona Fathers, where he was a choirboy.", "Jon Cryer __knowledge__ Jonathan Niven Cryer (born April 16, 1965) is an American actor, screenwriter, television director, and film producer.", "Jon Cryer __knowledge__ Born into a show business family, Cryer made his motion picture debut as a teenaged photographer in the 1984 romantic comedy \"No Small Affair\"; his breakout role came in 1986, playing \"Duckie\" Dale in the John Hughes-written film \"Pretty in Pink\".", "Jon Cryer __knowledge__ In 1998, he wrote and produced the independent film \"Went to Coney Island on a Mission from God... Be Back by Five\".", "Jon Cryer __knowledge__ Although Cryer gained fame with his early film roles, it took several years to find success on television; none of his star vehicles, including \"The Famous Teddy Z\", \"Partners\", and \"The Trouble with Normal\", lasted more than 22 episodes.", "George E. Cryer __knowledge__ George Edward Cryer (May 13, 1875 – May 24, 1961) was an American lawyer and politician.", "George E. Cryer __knowledge__ A Republican, Cryer served as the 32nd Mayor of Los Angeles from 1921 to 1929, a period of rapid growth in the city's population.", "George E. Cryer __knowledge__ During his administration, the Los Angeles City Hall and Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum were built, and the city's population surpassed 1,000,000.", "George E. Cryer __knowledge__ Prior and subsequent to serving as mayor, he was a lawyer.", "George E. Cryer __knowledge__ Between 1929 and 1931, Cryer became engaged in a widely publicized libel court case with the Reverend Robert P. Shuler, a radio evangelist who accused Cryer of being a \"grafter\" who had entered office a poor man and left office a millionaire." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv is a comedy club franchise.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Originally, it was a single venue founded in 1963 by Budd Friedman and located in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City on West 44th near the SE corner of 9th Ave. A second location was opened in 1974 at 8162 Melrose Avenue in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, California (the old location of the Ash Grove).", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1979 Mark Lonow became a general partner and with Budd Friedman ran the Melrose club and oversaw the expansion of the single room as it became a successful chain.", "The Improv __knowledge__ In 1982 the LA Improv became the original site for the A&E Network television series \"An Evening at the Improv\", running from 1982 until 1996, and was produced by Larry O'Daly, created by O'Daly and Barbara Hosie-O'Daly, with Budd Friedman as a warm-up host.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Other locations have opened since then, such as in Tampa, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Atlantic City, and Louisville, Kentucky.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Levity Entertainment Group is the largest shareholder of The Improv comedy clubs.", "The Improv __knowledge__ The Improv was the place to see Richard Pryor, Robert Klein, Steve Landesberg, Bette Midler, Lily Tomlin, Jay Leno, and others when they were just starting out.", "The Improv __knowledge__ Dustin Hoffman played piano there.", "The Improv __knowledge__ On any given night in the later 1970s, one could see Gilbert Gottfried, Joe Piscopo, Bruce Mahler, Mark Schiff, Larry David, and many others.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Uhh Yeah Dude __knowledge__ Uhh Yeah Dude is a comedy podcast hosted by Seth Romatelli (born September 20, 1973) and Jonathan Larroquette (born August 7, 1977).", "Uhh Yeah Dude __knowledge__ Described as \"A weekly roundup of America through the eyes of two American-Americans,\" \"Uhh Yeah Dude\" (UYD) is available free via the Apple iTunes Store or The Uhh Yeah Dude official website.", "Uhh Yeah Dude __knowledge__ \"Uhh Yeah Dude\" is a weekly hour long comedy podcast containing discussion about current events by hosts Seth Romatelli and Jonathan Larroquette.", "Uhh Yeah Dude __knowledge__ The original idea for the podcast came out of weekly phone conversations between the two where they would talk about personal experiences and items they'd seen in the news.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has appeared in several films, television series, music videos, a made-for-television film, and a computer game.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He has hosted the game show \"The Price Is Right\" since 2007 on CBS.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He is interested in a variety of sports, has worked as a photographer at U.S. National Team soccer games, and is a minority owner of the Major League Soccer team Seattle Sounders FC.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has written an autobiography, \"Dirty Jokes and Beer: Stories of the Unrefined\", detailing his early life and television career.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey is the youngest of Lewis and Beulah Carey's three sons and raised in the Old Brooklyn neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The Price Is Right is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart, Mark Goodson and Bill Todman.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show revolves around contestants competing to identify accurate pricing of merchandise to win cash and prizes.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Contestants are selected from the studio audience when the announcer proclaims the show's famous catchphrase, \"Come on down!\"", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program premiered on September 4, 1972 on CBS.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Bob Barker was the series' longest-running host from its 1972 debut until his retirement in June 2007, when Drew Carey took over.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Barker was accompanied by a series of announcers, beginning with Johnny Olson, followed by Rod Roddy and then Rich Fields.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Whose Line Is It Anyway?", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ (often known as simply Whose Line?)", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ is an American improvisational comedy show, which was originally hosted by Drew Carey on ABC and ABC Family and ran from August 5, 1998 to December 15, 2007.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ A revival of the show, hosted by Aisha Tyler, began airing on The CW on July 16, 2013.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The series is an official adaptation of the British show of the same name and features Ryan Stiles, Colin Mochrie, and Wayne Brady as its regular performers with the fourth seat occupied by a guest panelist.", "Whose Line Is It Anyway? (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ All three regulars appeared on the British series; Stiles and Mochrie were both regulars (first appearing in the second and third series' respectively, and both appearing in every episode from series 8 onwards), with Brady a frequent guest in the final series which moved production from London to Hollywood.", "The Drew Carey Show __knowledge__ The Drew Carey Show is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from 1995 to 2004, and was set in Cleveland, Ohio, and revolved around the retail office and home life of \"everyman\" Drew Carey, a fictionalized version of the actor.", "The Drew Carey Show __knowledge__ The show was created by Carey, who had both stand-up comedy and writing experience, and Bruce Helford, who was once a writer for \"Roseanne\".", "The Drew Carey Show __knowledge__ It was the first television show to have an episode simulcast on the Internet.", "The Drew Carey Show __knowledge__ Produced by Mohawk Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television, it debuted on September 13, 1995, and ranked among the Top 30 programs for four seasons before sliding in popularity.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the first episode and the series premiere of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\".", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ It first aired on September 13, 1995 on the ABC network in the United States.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The premise of the show revolves around the life Drew Carey would have lived if he had not become a stand-up comedian.", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The pilot introduces the main characters of Drew (Carey), Kate (Christa Miller), Lewis (Ryan Stiles) and Oswald (Diedrich Bader), as well as Drew's workplace, the fictional Winfred-Lauder department store, and enemy Mimi Bobeck (Kathy Kinney).", "Pilot (The Drew Carey Show) __knowledge__ The pilot was written by series co-creators Carey and Bruce Helford, while Michael Lessac directed.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ \"Drew Live\" is the eighth episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom \"The Drew Carey Show\", and the 109th overall.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ The episode's plot focuses on Drew (Drew Carey) trying to stop his friend, Kate (Christa Miller), from pursuing a relationship with a mystery guy, as Drew is in love with her.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ However, Drew is unaware that he is stopping Kate from pursuing him.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Drew's brother Steve (John Carroll Lynch) and his fiancée Mimi Bobeck (Kathy Kinney) hold a joint bachelor and bachelorette party.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ The episode was written by Clay Graham and directed by Gerry Cohen.", "Drew Live __knowledge__ It first aired on November 10, 1999 on the ABC network in the United States.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley." ] ]

[ 1, 28, 17, 49 ]

[ "Do you watch much comedy like The Improv?", "I have heard that show is hosted by Barry Cryer, but have not seen it. Do you like it?", "I love Drew Carey. He has hosted the Price is Right since 2007 CBS.", "Carey was raised in Old Brooklyn a neighborhood in Cleveland, Ohio?" ]

[ "The Improv", "The Improv", "The Improv", "The Improv" ]

[ "Video game", "Can you give me an example?", "I'm more into fps games and currently fortnite.", "Yeah the game itself is good and entertaining but I do believe they should make the map more condensed." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ Criminal procedure in South Africa refers to the adjudication process of that country's criminal law.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It forms part of procedural or adjectival law, and describes the means by which its substantive counterpart, South African criminal law, is applied.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It has its basis mainly in English law.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ When the British occupied the Cape permanently in 1806, they retained the Roman-Dutch legal system.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ They concluded, however, that the criminal justice system was archaic, and so introduced one based on their own in 1828.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It has been developed over the years to suit local conditions.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ The South African system today is basically accusatorial: that is, the state accuses and the accused defends.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ The manner in which assets are distributed depends on whether the deceased has left a valid will or other valid document containing testamentary provisions, such as an antenuptial contract.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ If the deceased has not left a valid will or valid document containing testamentary provisions, the deceased dies intestate; similarly, if the deceased leaves a valid will which does not dispose of all property, there is an intestacy as to the portion not disposed of.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ In the event of intestacy, the assets are distributed in a definite order of preference among the heirs, as stipulated by the Intestate Succession Act.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ In computing, floating-point arithmetic is arithmetic using formulaic representation of real numbers as an approximation so as to support a trade-off between range and precision.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ For this reason, floating-point computation is often found in systems which include very small and very large real numbers, which require fast processing times.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ A number is, in general, represented approximately to a fixed number of significant digits (the significand) and scaled using an exponent in some fixed base; the base for the scaling is normally two, ten, or sixteen.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ A number that can be represented exactly is of the following form: where significand is an integer (i.e., in Z), base is an integer greater than or equal to two, and exponent is also an integer.", "South African constitutional litigation __knowledge__ Constitutional litigation in South Africa is an area of the law in that country dealing with the rules and principles applicable to cases that involve constitutional matters.", "South African constitutional litigation __knowledge__ It examines the constitutional jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court, the High Court and the Supreme Court of Appeal (and certain other specialist courts), and considers the various rules peculiar to these courts that are relevant to constitutional litigation, such as the admission of an \"amicus curiae\", the duty to raise a constitutional matter as early as possible in the proceedings, and the duty to join the relevant organ of state in a case involving a constitutional issue.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the era of the Cold War, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ An electronic game is a game that employs electronics to create an interactive system with which a player can play.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Video game is the most common form today, and for this reason the two terms are often mistakenly used synonymously.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Other common forms of electronic game include such products as handheld electronic games, standalone systems (e.g.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ pinball, slot machines, or electro-mechanical arcade games), and exclusively non-visual products (e.g.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ audio games).", "Electronic game __knowledge__ The earliest form of computer game to achieve any degree of mainstream use was the text-based Teletype game.", "Electronic game __knowledge__ Teletype games lack video display screens and instead present the game to the player by printing a series of characters on paper which the player reads as it emerges from the platen.", "Outline of video games __knowledge__ The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to video games: Video game – an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device.", "Outline of video games __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but following popularization of the term \"video game\", it now implies any type of display device.", "Outline of video games __knowledge__ Video game genres (list) – categories of video games based on their gameplay interaction and set of gameplay challenges, rather than visual or narrative differences.", "Outline of video games __knowledge__ Action game – a video game genre that emphasizes physical challenges, including hand–eye coordination and reaction-time.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres.", "Haptic technology __knowledge__ Haptic or kinesthetic communication recreates the sense of touch by applying forces, vibrations, or motions to the user.", "Haptic technology __knowledge__ This mechanical stimulation can be used to assist in the creation of virtual objects in a computer simulation, to control such virtual objects, and to enhance the remote control of machines and devices (telerobotics).", "Haptic technology __knowledge__ Haptic devices may incorporate tactile sensors that measure forces exerted by the user on the interface.", "Haptic technology __knowledge__ Most researchers distinguish three sensory systems related to sense of touch in humans: cutaneous, kinesthetic and haptic.", "Haptic technology __knowledge__ All perceptions mediated by cutaneous and/or kinesthetic sensibility are referred to as tactual perception.", "Usability __knowledge__ Usability is the ease of use and learnability of a human-made object such as a tool or device.", "Usability __knowledge__ In software engineering, usability is the degree to which a software can be used by specified consumers to achieve quantified objectives with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a quantified context of use.", "Usability __knowledge__ The object of use can be a software application, website, book, tool, machine, process, vehicle, or anything a human interacts with.", "Usability __knowledge__ A usability study may be conducted as a primary job function by a \"usability analyst\" or as a secondary job function by designers, technical writers, marketing personnel, and others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Fortnite is a co-op sandbox survival video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly, the former also publishing the game.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ The game was released as a paid early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected in 2018.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ \"Fortnite\" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Considered by Epic as a cross between \"Minecraft\" and \"Left 4 Dead\", \"Fortnite\" has up to four players cooperating on various missions on randomly-generated maps to collect resources, build fortifications around defensive objectives that are meant to help fight the storm and protect survivors, and construct weapons and traps to engage in combat with waves of these creatures that attempt to destroy the objectives.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ Nonviolent video games are video games characterized by little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ As the term is vague, game designers, developers, and marketers that describe themselves as non-violent video game makers, as well as certain reviewers and members of the non-violent gaming community, often employ it to describe games with \"comparatively\" little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The definition has been applied flexibly to games in such purposive genres as the Christian video game, however a number of games at the fringe of the \"non-violence\" label can only be viewed as objectively violent.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The purposes behind the development of the nonviolent genre are primarily reactionary in nature.", "Blood (video game) __knowledge__ Blood is a first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by GT Interactive Software.", "Blood (video game) __knowledge__ The shareware version was released for the PC on March 5, 1997, while the full version was released on May 31, 1997 in North America, and June 20, 1997 in Europe.", "Blood (video game) __knowledge__ The game follows the story of Caleb, an undead early 20th century gunslinger seeking revenge against the dark god Tchernobog.", "Blood (video game) __knowledge__ It features a number of occult and horror themes.", "Blood (video game) __knowledge__ \"Blood\" includes large amounts of graphic violence, a large arsenal of weapons ranging from the standard to the bizarre, and numerous enemies and bosses.", "Social interaction and first-person shooters __knowledge__ The term first-person shooter (FPS) describes a video game genre where players participate in weapon-based combat all in the first person, or from the perspective of their character.", "Social interaction and first-person shooters __knowledge__ One of the more notable features of FPS games is its compatibility for networked, then later online, multiplayer gaming, where players could bring their skills to a national and then later a global arena.", "Social interaction and first-person shooters __knowledge__ Ironically, in a genre consisting of players hunting and killing other players, FPS games are found to include a source of rich communication and social interactions between players.", "Social interaction and first-person shooters __knowledge__ Communication online consists of a mix of both verbal and non-verbal interactions.", "Game engine __knowledge__ A game engine is a software framework designed for the creation and development of video games.", "Game engine __knowledge__ Developers use them to create games for consoles, mobile devices, and personal computers.", "Game engine __knowledge__ The core functionality typically provided by a game engine includes a rendering engine (\"renderer\") for 2D or 3D graphics, a physics engine or collision detection (and collision response), sound, scripting, animation, artificial intelligence, networking, streaming, memory management, threading, localization support, scene graph, and may include video support for cinematics.", "Game engine __knowledge__ The process of game development is often economized, in large part, by reusing/adapting the same game engine to create different games or to make it easier to port games to multiple platforms.", "Federal Protective Service (United States) __knowledge__ The Federal Protective Service (FPS) is the police division of the National Protection and Programs Directorate of the United States Department of Homeland Security.", "Federal Protective Service (United States) __knowledge__ FPS is \"the federal agency charged with protecting and delivering integrated law enforcement and security services to facilities owned or leased by the General Services Administration (GSA)\"—over 9,000 buildings—and their occupants.", "Federal Protective Service (United States) __knowledge__ The FPS is a federal law enforcement agency, and employs approximately 900 law enforcement officers who receive initial training at the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC).", "Federal Protective Service (United States) __knowledge__ FPS provides integrated law enforcement and security services to U.S. Federal buildings, courthouses, and other properties administered by the General Services Administration (GSA) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).", "Halo: Combat Evolved __knowledge__ Halo: Combat Evolved is a 2001 military science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios.", "Halo: Combat Evolved __knowledge__ The first game of the \"Halo\" franchise, it was released as a launch title for the Xbox gaming system on November 15, 2001, and is considered the platform's \"killer app\".", "Halo: Combat Evolved __knowledge__ More than five million copies were sold worldwide by November 2005.", "Halo: Combat Evolved __knowledge__ Microsoft released versions of the game for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X in 2003, and the surrounding storyline was adapted and elaborated into a series of novels, comic books, and live-action web series.", "Halo: Combat Evolved __knowledge__ The game was later released as a downloadable Xbox Original for the Xbox 360.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ An arcade game or coin-op is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Most arcade games are video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games or merchandisers.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ While exact dates are debated, the golden age of arcade video games is usually defined as a period beginning sometime in the late 1970s and ending sometime in the mid-1980s.", "Arcade game __knowledge__ Excluding a brief resurgence in the early 1990s, the arcade industry subsequently declined in the Western hemisphere as competing Home video game console such as the Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox increased in their graphics and game-play capability and decreased in cost.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The golden age of arcade video games was the era of greatest popularity and technological innovation for arcade video games.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ The exact time period is disputed, but key moments include the release of \"Space Invaders\" in 1978 and the introduction of vector display technology in 1979.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Although the exact years differ, all timelines overlap in the early 1980s.", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Technology journalist Jason Whittaker, in \"The Cyberspace Handbook\", places the beginning of the golden age in 1978, with the release of \"Space Invaders\".", "Golden age of arcade video games __knowledge__ Video game journalist Steven L. Kent, in his book \"The Ultimate History of Video Games\", places it at 1979 to 1983.", "Laptop __knowledge__ A laptop, often called a notebook or \"notebook computer\", is a small, portable :personal computer with a \"clamshell\" form factor, an alphanumeric keyboard on the lower part of the \"clamshell\" and a thin LCD or LED computer screen on the upper part, which is opened up to use the computer.", "Laptop __knowledge__ Laptops are folded shut for transportation, and thus are suitable for mobile use.", "Laptop __knowledge__ Although originally there was a distinction between laptops and notebooks, the former being bigger and heavier than the latter, as of 2014, there is often no longer any difference.", "Laptop __knowledge__ Laptops are commonly used in a variety of settings, such as at work, in education, in playing games, Internet surfing, for personal multimedia and general home computer use.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Video game music is the soundtrack that accompanies video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Early video game music was once limited to simple melodies of early sound synthesizer technology.", "Video game music __knowledge__ These limitations inspired the style of music known as chiptunes, which combines simple melodic styles with more complex patterns or traditional music styles, and became the most popular sound of the first video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ With advances in technology, video game music has now grown to include the same breadth and complexity associated with television and film scores, allowing for much more creative freedom.", "Video game music __knowledge__ While simple synthesizer pieces are still common, game music now includes full orchestral pieces and popular music." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ Condensed milk is cow's milk from which water has been removed.", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ It is most often found in the form of sweetened condensed milk (SCM), with sugar added, and the two terms \"condensed milk\" and \"sweetened condensed milk\" are often used synonymously today.", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ Sweetened condensed milk is a very thick, sweet product which when canned can last for years without refrigeration if not opened.", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ Condensed milk is used in numerous dessert dishes in many countries.", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ A related product is evaporated milk, which has undergone a more complex process and which is not sweetened.", "Condensed milk __knowledge__ Evaporated milk is known in some countries as unsweetened condensed milk.", "Greyhawk __knowledge__ Greyhawk, also known as the World of Greyhawk, is a fictional world designed as a campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy roleplaying game.", "Greyhawk __knowledge__ Although not the first campaign world developed for \"Dungeons & Dragons\"—Dave Arneson's \"Blackmoor\" campaign predated it by over a year — the world of Greyhawk closely identified with the development of the game from 1972 until 2008.", "Greyhawk __knowledge__ The world itself started as a simple dungeon under a castle designed by Gary Gygax for the amusement of his children and friends, but it rapidly expanded to include not only a complex multi-layered dungeon environment, but also the nearby city of Greyhawk, and eventually an entire world.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Epic Games __knowledge__ Epic Games, Inc. (formerly Potomac Computer Systems and later Epic MegaGames, Inc.) is an American video game and software developer based in Cary, North Carolina.", "Epic Games __knowledge__ The company was founded by Tim Sweeney as Potomac Computer Systems in 1991, originally located in his parents' house in Potomac, Maryland.", "Epic Games __knowledge__ After his first video game release, \"ZZT\" (1991), the company became Epic MegaGames in early 1992, and brought on Mark Rein, who is the company's vice president to date.", "Epic Games __knowledge__ Moving their headquarters to Cary, North Carolina in 1999, the studio's name was simplified to Epic Games.", "Epic Games __knowledge__ Epic Games develops Unreal Engine, a commercially available game engine which also powers their internally developed video games, such as the \"Unreal\", \"Gears of War\" and \"Infinity Blade\" series.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Good Game is an Australian television gaming programme produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), which aired on ABC2.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Created by Janet Carr, Jeremy Ray and Michael Makowski.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show began in 2006 and includes a mix of gaming news, reviews, and features.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The original hosts were Jeremy \"Junglist\" Ray and Michael \"Kapowski\" Makowski; the latter was replaced by Steven \"Bajo\" O'Donnell in 2007, and the former was replaced by Stephanie \"Hex\" Bendixsen in 2009.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Other on screen presenters included field reporter Gus \"Goose\" Ronald and Dave Callan.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show is named after the friendly phrase gamers traditionally say after completing a competitive match.", "Gears of War (video game) __knowledge__ Gears of War is a 2006 military science fiction third-person shooter video game, and the first installment of the \"Gears of War\" series.", "Gears of War (video game) __knowledge__ It was developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios, initially as an exclusive title for the Xbox 360 in November 2006, before a PC version of the game, developed in conjunction with People Can Fly, was released a year later in 2007.", "Gears of War (video game) __knowledge__ The game's main story, which can be done in single or co-operative play, focuses on a squad of troops who assist in completing a desperate, last-ditch attempt to end a war against a genocidal subterranean enemy, and save the remaining human inhabitants of their planet Sera.", "Unreal Engine __knowledge__ The Unreal Engine is a game engine developed by Epic Games, first showcased in the 1998 first-person shooter game \"Unreal\".", "Unreal Engine __knowledge__ Although primarily developed for first-person shooters, it has been successfully used in a variety of other genres, including stealth, fighting games, MMORPGs, and other RPGs.", "Unreal Engine __knowledge__ With its code written in C++, the Unreal Engine features a high degree of portability and is a tool used by many game developers today.", "Unreal Engine __knowledge__ It has won several awards, including the Guinness World Records award for \"most successful video game engine.\"", "Unreal Engine __knowledge__ The current release is Unreal Engine 4, designed for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, SteamOS, HTML5, iOS, Android, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Xbox One and virtual reality (SteamVR/HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, PlayStation VR, Google Daydream, OSVR and Samsung Gear VR).", "Gears of War __knowledge__ Gears of War is a video game franchise created by Epic Games, developed and managed by The Coalition, and owned and published by Microsoft Studios.", "Gears of War __knowledge__ The series focuses on the conflict between humanity, the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde, and their mutated counterparts, the Lambent & the Swarm.", "Gears of War __knowledge__ The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games, which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels.", "Gears of War __knowledge__ The first installment, titled \"Gears of War\", was released on November 7, 2006 for the Xbox 360.", "Gears of War __knowledge__ The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix, a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ Gears of War 2 is a military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360.", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ It is the second installment of the \"Gears of War\" series, with lead design by Cliff Bleszinski.", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ The game was released in North America, Europe and Australia on November 7, 2008 and was released in Japan on July 30, 2009.", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ The game expands technically on the previous game by using a modified Unreal Engine 3 engine.", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ The development team brought in comic book writer Joshua Ortega to help write the plot for the game.", "Gears of War 2 __knowledge__ In \"Gears of War 2\", the COG continues its fight against the Locust horde, who are attempting to sink all of the cities on the planet Sera." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 9, 71 ]

[ "i like to play video games that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device", "Yeah, it all depends on your choice as we have arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis or and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "I know Epic Games and People Can Fly are very good game developers. I have tries some of their games in the past", "Have you tried Gears of War 2. It is a kind of military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games " ]

[ "Video game", "Video game", "Video game", "Video game" ]

[ "Lucy Maud Montgomery\nIve never heard of lucy montgomery", "Never heard of that book.", "Wow thats a lot of copies for a book ive never heard about, is it an old book?", "Oh that makes more sense tho ive heard of other famous books like ayn rands books but havent read them", "exactly thought i wouldve at least heard of it" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ She was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1935.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery's work, diaries and letters have been read and studied by scholars and readers worldwide.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clifton (now New London) in Prince Edward Island on November 30, 1874.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Her mother, Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery, died of tuberculosis when Lucy was twenty-one months old.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Stricken with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery, placed Lucy in the custody of her maternal grandparents.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ Dustin \"Dusty\" Donovan is a fictional character on CBS's daytime drama \"As the World Turns.\"", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ He was recently portrayed by Grayson McCouch from February 18, 2003 to January 18, 2008.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ McCouch returned to the role on September 24, 2008.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ Born Dustin Donovan, he was the son of Nicole Berryesa Donovan and her lover Gunnar St. Clair, but was legally raised by Burke Donovan as Nicole died giving birth to him.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ In 1983, a rebellious teen, Dusty arrived in Oakdale with his stepfather, horse trainer Burke Donovan.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ He quickly became involved with Lily Snyder, daughter of rich and wealthy Lucinda Walsh.", "Dusty Donovan __knowledge__ Though Lucinda wasn't thrilled with this relationship, she preferred Dusty over the new stableboy, Holden Snyder, who also had a crush on Lily.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ Lucy Montgomery (born 24 January 1975) is an English comedian, actress and writer, best known for her radio and television work.", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ While at Cambridge University, Montgomery was a member of Footlights, an amateur theatrical club.", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ Subsequently, she studied at the Central School of Speech and Drama.", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ Montgomery built her career as one third of Comedy Theatre Company Population 3, along with James Bachman and Barunka O'Shaughnessy, and she appeared as a roving reporter for the comic television programme \"The Friday Night Project\".", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ Other television work has included \"Bo' Selecta!", "Lucy Montgomery (actress) __knowledge__ \", \"The Mighty Boosh\", and \"The IT Crowd\".", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ Lucy Montgomery is a fictional character in the daytime soap opera, \"As the World Turns\".", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ The character has been played by five actresses.", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ The role was originated in 1991 by an unknown baby.", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ Amanda Seyfried portrayed the Lucy in 1999 and left two years later due to difficulties between her and the creators.", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ Then Peyton List stepped into the role almost a year later on December 14, 2001.", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ Lucy's popular pairing with older bad boy Dusty Donovan (played by Grayson McCouch) earned her many fans and a lot of publicity.", "Lucy Montgomery (As the World Turns) __knowledge__ List opted not to renew her contract, and her final appearance on the show was on January 25, 2005.", "Peyton List (actress, born 1986) __knowledge__ Peyton List (born August 8, 1986) is an American film and television actress and professional model, known for roles on \"Mad Men\", \"FlashForward\", \"The Tomorrow People\" and \"Frequency\".", "Peyton List (actress, born 1986) __knowledge__ She began her career on daytime television, playing Lucy Montgomery on the CBS soap opera \"As the World Turns\" from 2001 to 2005, before she went to primetime with regular roles on the short-lived dramas \"Windfall\" (2006) and \"Big Shots\" (2007).", "Peyton List (actress, born 1986) __knowledge__ From 2008 to 2013, List had a recurring role as Jane Sterling in the AMC period drama \"Mad Men\".", "Peyton List (actress, born 1986) __knowledge__ In film, she has appeared in \"The Greatest Game Ever Played\" (2005), \"Shuttle\" (2009) and \"Meeting Evil\" (2012)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ She was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1935.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery's work, diaries and letters have been read and studied by scholars and readers worldwide.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clifton (now New London) in Prince Edward Island on November 30, 1874.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Her mother, Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery, died of tuberculosis when Lucy was twenty-one months old.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Stricken with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery, placed Lucy in the custody of her maternal grandparents.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ Camp Confidential is a US book series for preteens written by Melissa J. Morgan.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ It focuses around a group of girls at Camp Lakeview (Later Camp Walla Walla).", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ There are 25 books in this series so far.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ The series is also sold in the UK under the name Summer Camp Secrets published by Usborne Publishing.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ Natalie Goode- Natalie lives in New York City and is a city girl, so when she finds out she has to go to Camp Lakeview, she isn't happy about the idea.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ But eventually she learns to love it and loves all the girls in her bunk and decides to come back for the second summer.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ She is the daughter of Tad Maxwell, a famous movie star.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Rigoberto Alpizar (April 17, 1961 – December 7, 2005) was a Costa Rican-born United States citizen who was fatally shot at Miami International Airport by two United States Federal Air Marshals.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Alpizar lived in the central Florida town of Maitland and worked in the Paint Department of a Home Depot.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ He was supposed to fly with his wife, Anne Buechner, to Orlando, Florida, returning from a missionary trip to Quito, Ecuador.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ The shooting took place on a jetway.", "Death of Rigoberto Alpizar __knowledge__ Alpizar ran away from the aircraft and, Homeland Security officials maintain, claimed to have a bomb in his bag and then made a sudden movement toward it.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley is a fictional character introduced in the 1908 novel \"Anne of Green Gables\" by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote in her journal that the idea for Anne's story came from relatives who, planning to adopt an orphaned boy, received a girl instead.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley's appearance was inspired by a photograph which Montgomery clipped from the Metropolitan Magazine and kept, unaware of the model's identity as the 1900s Gibson Girl Evelyn Nesbit.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley was born in the (fictional) town of Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia and spent the earliest years of her childhood there.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ No specific birthdate is given, but references in later works suggest her date of birth is in March 1865, although a reference in \"Anne's House of Dreams\" to the Canadian federal election of 1896, when she was approximately 27, could be interpreted to date her birth to approximately the spring of 1869.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1985 Canadian television mini-series drama film based on the novel of the same name by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery, and is the first in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film starred Megan Follows and was produced and directed by Kevin Sullivan for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ It was released theatrically in Iran, Israel, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film aired on CBC Television as a two-part miniseries on December 1, 1985.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Both parts of the film were among the highest-rated programs of any genre ever to air on a Canadian television network.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ On February 17, 1986, the film aired on PBS in the United States on the series \"WonderWorks\".", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel is a 1987 Canadian television miniseries film.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"Anne of Green Gables\", and the second of a tetralogy of films.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ The miniseries dramatizes material from several books in the eight-novel \"Anne\" series by Lucy Maud Montgomery; they are \"Anne of Avonlea\" (Book Two), \"Anne of the Island\" (Book Three) and \"Anne of Windy Poplars\" (Book Four).", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ As well, the TV film introduces several characters and issues not present in the books.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ The miniseries aired in four hour-long installments, in May and June 1987, on the Disney Channel as \"Anne of Avonlea: The Continuing Story of Anne of Green Gables\", and in two 150-minute installments, in December 1987 on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, and in March 1988 on PBS, as \"Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel\".", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery (published as L. M. Montgomery).", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ It recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged brother and sister who had intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the fictional town of Avonlea on Prince Edward Island.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The novel recounts how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts, in school, and within the town.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Since its publication, \"Anne of Green Gables\" has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into at least 36 languages.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story was a 2000 mini-series television film, and the third installment in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ The film was highly anticipated among fans of \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It borrowed characters from the \"Anne of Green Gables\" novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It served as a sequel to two mini-series produced by CBC Television in the 1980s.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It was the most controversial and heavily criticized of the three film adaptations written and produced by Kevin Sullivan.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ \"The Continuing Story\" was criticized principally because unlike the 1985 \"Anne of Green Gables\" and its 1987 sequel \"Anne of Avonlea\", the screenplay was not based upon Montgomery's works, but instead used Montgomery's characters in a largely original World War I story by Sullivan and Laurie Pearson.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ Julius Street Flats is a heritage-listed group of seven apartment blocks at 15 Julius Street, New Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ They were built from 1934 to early 1950s.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ The apartment blocks are called Ardrossan, Green Gables, Julius Lodge (formerly Nanmara), Syncarpia, Ainslie, Pine Lodge (formerly Aloha Court) and Evelyn Court.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ They were added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1997.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ Julius Street Flats, consisting of seven properties comprising Ardrossan, Green Gables, 5 Julius Street, Syncarpia, Ainslie, Pine Lodge, and Evelyn Court, are located fronting Julius Street, a short cul-de-sac off Moray Street, New Farm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ She was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1935.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery's work, diaries and letters have been read and studied by scholars and readers worldwide.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clifton (now New London) in Prince Edward Island on November 30, 1874.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Her mother, Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery, died of tuberculosis when Lucy was twenty-one months old.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Stricken with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery, placed Lucy in the custody of her maternal grandparents.", "Permutable prime __knowledge__ A permutable prime, also known as anagrammatic prime, is a prime number which, in a given base, can have its digits' positions switched through any permutation and still be a prime number.", "Permutable prime __knowledge__ H. E. Richert, who is supposedly the first to study these primes, called them permutable primes, but later they were also called absolute primes.", "Permutable prime __knowledge__ In base 10, all the permutable primes with fewer than 49,081 digits are known Of the above, there are 16 unique permutation sets, with smallest elements Note R = formula_1 is a repunit, a number consisting only of \"n\" ones (in base 10).", "Permutable prime __knowledge__ Any repunit prime is a permutable prime with the above definition, but some definitions require at least two distinct digits.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ In universal algebra, two congruences formula_1 are said to be permutable if formula_2.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ A congruence-permutable algebra is one in which all congruences are permutable.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ A variety of algebras is congruence-permutable if every algebra in the variety is congruence-permutable.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ A Mal'cev term is a term \"M\" for which A congruence-permutable variety is one whose signature contains a Mal'cev term.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ Most classical varieties in abstract algebra, such as groups, rings, and Lie algebras, are congruence-permutable.", "Congruence-permutable algebra __knowledge__ Any variety that contains a group operation is congruence-permutable, and the Mal'cev term is formula_4.", "Quasinormal subgroup __knowledge__ In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a quasinormal subgroup, or permutable subgroup, is a subgroup of a group that commutes (permutes) with every other subgroup with respect to the product of subgroups.", "Quasinormal subgroup __knowledge__ The term \"quasinormal subgroup\" was introduced by Øystein Ore in 1937.", "Quasinormal subgroup __knowledge__ Two subgroups are said to permute (or commute) if any element from the first subgroup, times an element of the second subgroup, can be written as an element of the second subgroup, times an element of the first subgroup.", "Quasinormal subgroup __knowledge__ That is, formula_1 and formula_2 as subgroups of formula_3 are said to commute if \"HK\" = \"KH\", that is, any element of the form formula_4 with formula_5 and formula_6 can be written in the form formula_7 where formula_8 and formula_9.", "Quotient algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics, a quotient algebra, (where \"algebra\" means algebraic structure in the sense of universal algebra), also called a factor algebra, is obtained by partitioning the elements of an algebra into equivalence classes given by a congruence relation, that is an equivalence relation that is additionally \"compatible\" with all the operations of the algebra, in the formal sense described below.", "Quotient algebra __knowledge__ Let \"A\" be the set of the elements of an algebra formula_1, and let \"E\" be an equivalence relation on the set \"A\".", "Quotient algebra __knowledge__ The relation \"E\" is said to be \"compatible\" with (or have the \"substitution property\" with respect to) an \"n\"-ary operation \"f\", if formula_2 for formula_3 implies formula_4 for any formula_5 with formula_3.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ Old Book is the name given to a purported ghost or spirit that haunts a cemetery and tree on the grounds of the Peoria State Hospital in Bartonville, Illinois.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ While rumors of ghosts and ghost stories are highly speculative, the Old Book tale has been documented many times.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ Among those documenting the tale is the first director of the state insane asylum, George Zeller.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ The name Old Book is the name given to a popular patient at the hospital.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ The well-liked Old Book worked as a gravedigger during his time at Peoria State Hospital.", "Old Book (ghost) __knowledge__ It is said that following burial services for deceased patients he would lean against an old elm tree and weep for the dead.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop (often stylized as J-POP; \"jeipoppu\"; an abbreviation for Japanese pop), natively also known simply as pops, is a musical genre that entered the musical mainstream of Japan in the 1990s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ Modern J-pop has its roots in traditional Japanese music, but significantly in 1960s pop and rock music, such as The Beatles and The Beach Boys, which led to Japanese rock bands such as Happy End fusing rock with Japanese music in the early 1970s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop was further defined by new wave groups in the late 1970s, particularly electronic synth-pop band Yellow Magic Orchestra and pop rock band Southern All Stars.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ 25 is the third studio album by English singer Adele.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ It was released on 20 November 2015, through XL Recordings nearly five years after the release and international success of her second studio album \"21\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ Titled as a reflection of her life and frame of mind at 25 years old, \"25\" is a \"make-up record\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content features themes of Adele \"yearning for her old self, her nostalgia\", and \"melancholia about the passage of time\" according to an interview with the singer by \"Rolling Stone\", as well as themes of motherhood and regret.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ In contrast to Adele's previous works, the production of \"25\" incorporated the use of electronic elements and creative rhythmic patterns, with elements of 1980s R&B and organs.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ Avril Ramona Lavigne (; ; born 27 September 1984) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and actress.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ By the age of 15, she had appeared on stage with Shania Twain; by 16, she had signed a two-album recording contract with Arista Records worth more than $2 million.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ In 2002 she released her debut album, \"Let Go\", emphasising a skate punk persona in which she has been often referred by critics and music publications as The \"Pop Punk Queen\" due to her achievement and impact in the industry.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ Lavigne is considered a key musician in the development of pop punk music since she paved the way for female-driven, punk-influenced pop music." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ She was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1935.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery's work, diaries and letters have been read and studied by scholars and readers worldwide.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clifton (now New London) in Prince Edward Island on November 30, 1874.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Her mother, Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery, died of tuberculosis when Lucy was twenty-one months old.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Stricken with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery, placed Lucy in the custody of her maternal grandparents.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Reed relay __knowledge__ A reed relay is a type of relay that uses an electromagnet to control one or more reed switches.", "Reed relay __knowledge__ The contacts are of magnetic material and the electromagnet acts directly on them without requiring an armature to move them.", "Reed relay __knowledge__ Sealed in a long, narrow glass tube, the contacts are protected from corrosion, and are usually plated with silver, which has very low resistivity but is prone to corrosion when exposed, rather than corrosion-resistant but more resistive gold as used in the exposed contacts of high quality relays.", "Reed relay __knowledge__ The glass envelope may contain multiple reed switches or multiple reed switches can be inserted into a single bobbin and actuate simultaneously.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The Objectivist movement is a movement of individuals who seek to study and advance Objectivism, the philosophy expounded by novelist–philosopher Ayn Rand.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The movement began informally in the 1950s and consisted of students who were brought together by their mutual interest in Rand's novel, \"The Fountainhead\".", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The group, ironically named \"the Collective\" due to their actual advocacy of individualism, in part consisted of Leonard Peikoff, Nathaniel Branden, Barbara Branden, Alan Greenspan, and Murray Rothbard.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ Nathaniel Branden, a young Canadian student who had been greatly inspired by Rand's work, became a close confidant and encouraged Rand to expand her philosophy into a formal movement.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Ayn Rand (; born Alisa Zinov'yevna Rosenbaum , ;  – March 6, 1982) was a Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ She is known for her two best-selling novels, \"The Fountainhead\" and \"Atlas Shrugged\", and for developing a philosophical system she called Objectivism.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Educated in Russia, she moved to the United States in 1926.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 and 1936.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful, she achieved fame with her 1943 novel, \"The Fountainhead\".", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ In 1957, Rand published her best-known work, the novel \"Atlas Shrugged\".", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Afterward, she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy, publishing her own periodicals and releasing several collections of essays until her death in 1982.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ The reception history of Jane Austen follows a path from modest fame to wild popularity.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Jane Austen (1775–1817), the author of such works as \"Pride and Prejudice\" (1813) and \"Emma\" (1815), has become one of the best-known and most widely read novelists in the English language.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Her novels are the subject of intense scholarly study and the centre of a diverse fan culture.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ During her lifetime, Austen's novels brought her little personal fame.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ Like many women writers, she chose to publish anonymously, but her authorship was an open secret.", "Reception history of Jane Austen __knowledge__ At the time they were published, Austen's works were considered fashionable but received only a few reviews, albeit positive.", "Michelle Vicary __knowledge__ Michelle Vicary is the executive vice president of programming and network publicity for Crown Media Family Networks, the parent of Hallmark Channel and Hallmark Movies & Mysteries.", "Michelle Vicary __knowledge__ Vicary reports to President and CEO Bill Abbott at the company’s Studio City office.", "Michelle Vicary __knowledge__ She oversees all production and original programming, and supervises acquisitions, scheduling, and promotional strategy for both Hallmark networks.", "Michelle Vicary __knowledge__ Vicary was honored as one of Multichannel News' Wonder Women, class of 2012, one of Cablefax’s Most Powerful Women from 2012–2017, inducted into the Cablefax Program Hall of Fame in 2015, and featured in the Cablefax 100 list as a part of “Crown’s Dream Team” in 2016.", "Andrew Ryan (BioShock) __knowledge__ Andrew Ryan is a fictional character in the \"BioShock\" video game series developed by Irrational Games.", "Andrew Ryan (BioShock) __knowledge__ He serves as the primary antagonist of the first half of the first \"BioShock\" and a minor character in its sequel, \"BioShock 2\".", "Andrew Ryan (BioShock) __knowledge__ Ryan is an idealistic business magnate in the 1940s and 1950s; seeking to avoid scrutiny from governments and other oversight, he ordered the secret construction of an underwater city, Rapture.", "Andrew Ryan (BioShock) __knowledge__ When Ryan's vision for a utopia in Rapture collapsed into dystopia, he hid himself away and used armies of mutated humans, \"Splicers\", to defend himself and fight against those resisting him, including the player-character Jack within the first game.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ She was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1935.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery's work, diaries and letters have been read and studied by scholars and readers worldwide.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clifton (now New London) in Prince Edward Island on November 30, 1874.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Her mother, Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery, died of tuberculosis when Lucy was twenty-one months old.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Stricken with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery, placed Lucy in the custody of her maternal grandparents.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ Palm River-Clair Mel is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ The population was 21,024 at the 2010 census, up from 17,589 at the 2000 census.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ The census area includes the unincorporated communities of Clair-Mel City and Palm River.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ The ZIP code for Palm River-Clair Mel is 33619.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ Palm River-Clair Mel is located just west of the geographic center of Hillsborough County at (27.928150, -82.378900), or approximately southeast of downtown Tampa.", "Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida __knowledge__ The CDP is bordered to the north and west by the city of Tampa, to the east by Brandon, to the southeast by Riverview, and to the south by Progress Village.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ Palm River is an unincorporated community located in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ It shares its name with the Palm River, a waterway sided with trail.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ Palm River boundaries include McKay Bay to the west, Tampa city limits to the north, the Clair Mel to the east, and Progress Village to the south.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ The community is combined with Clair Mel to form the census-designated place of Palm River-Clair Mel, thus no data was available separately.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ The community is served by a 33619 ZIP Code.", "Palm River, Florida __knowledge__ Palm River is located at 27.942 North, 82.397 West, or approximately four miles east-southeast of Tampa.", "Clair-Mel City, Florida __knowledge__ Clair-Mel City (\"Clair Mel\") is an unincorporated community in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.", "Clair-Mel City, Florida __knowledge__ The community is combined with Palm River to form the census-designated place of Palm River-Clair Mel.", "Clair-Mel City, Florida __knowledge__ Clair Mel City is located at 27.93 North, 82.38 West (27.933359, -82.37821), or approximately east-southeast of Tampa.", "Clair-Mel City, Florida __knowledge__ Clair boundaries include Palm River to the west, Tampa city limits to the north, the Lee Roy Selmon Expressway to the east, and Progress Village to the south.", "The Age of Reason __knowledge__ The Age of Reason; Being an Investigation of True and Fabulous Theology is a work by English and American political activist Thomas Paine, arguing for the philosophical position of Deism.", "The Age of Reason __knowledge__ It follows in the tradition of eighteenth-century British deism, and challenges institutionalized religion and the legitimacy of the Bible.", "The Age of Reason __knowledge__ It was published in three parts in 1794, 1795, and 1807.", "The Age of Reason __knowledge__ It was a best-seller in the United States, where it caused a short-lived deistic revival.", "The Age of Reason __knowledge__ British audiences, however, fearing increased political radicalism as a result of the French Revolution, received it with more hostility.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ The 78th Street Community Library is part of the Tampa–Hillsborough County Public Library System (THPL) and the Hillsborough County Public Library Cooperative (HCPLC).", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ The library is a 8,000 sq.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ ft. facility located at 7625 Palm River Rd.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ in Tampa, Florida.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ The library provides books, magazines, music CDs and DVDs as well as programs and computer training classes.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ The library's interior contains a special public art piece titled The Knowledge Path, which was donated by the residents of Clair-Mel, Palm River, and Progress Village communities.", "78th Street Community Library __knowledge__ The residents believed that \"path\" where the books are joined, connects the community.", "Wat Mongkolratanaram (Tampa, Florida) __knowledge__ Wat Mongkolratanaram is a Buddhist Thai temple on the bank of the Palm River in Tampa, Florida.", "Wat Mongkolratanaram (Tampa, Florida) __knowledge__ Was initiated in 1981 and dedicated, registered as the temple on May 19, 1981.", "Wat Mongkolratanaram (Tampa, Florida) __knowledge__ The visions of the Thai Temple are: to be a center for meditation study and practice, a center of Thai Cultural and Asian cultural practice, a school for Thai language and Buddhism study, be a center of communication and support between Thais living aboard and Thai government officers, and to be the center for all denomination international religious support group.", "Wat Mongkolratanaram (Tampa, Florida) __knowledge__ The present main prayer hall had its groundbreaking and was built in 2007; the statue of the Buddha in the new prayer hall was named and anointed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej on April 8, 1980.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ Zhong Hui (225 – 3 March 264), courtesy name Shiji, was a military general, official and writer of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ He was the younger son of Zhong Yao, who served as the Grand Tutor in the Wei imperial court.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ He was already known for being insightful, intelligent and knowledgeable since he was young.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ Zhong Hui rose to prominence in the 250s when he became a close aide to Sima Zhao, the regent and \"de facto\" ruler of Wei.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ He advised Sima Zhao on how to deal with the Third Rebellion in Shouchun from 257–258 and was highly regarded by the latter.", "Zhong Hui __knowledge__ With Sima Zhao's help, Zhong Hui steadily moved up the ranks and became one of the key figures in the Wei government.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Ayn Rand (; born Alisa Zinov'yevna Rosenbaum , ;  – March 6, 1982) was a Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ She is known for her two best-selling novels, \"The Fountainhead\" and \"Atlas Shrugged\", and for developing a philosophical system she called Objectivism.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Educated in Russia, she moved to the United States in 1926.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 and 1936.", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful, she achieved fame with her 1943 novel, \"The Fountainhead\".", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ In 1957, Rand published her best-known work, the novel \"Atlas Shrugged\".", "Ayn Rand __knowledge__ Afterward, she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy, publishing her own periodicals and releasing several collections of essays until her death in 1982.", "Atlas Shrugged __knowledge__ Atlas Shrugged is a 1957 novel by Ayn Rand.", "Atlas Shrugged __knowledge__ Rand's fourth and final novel, it was also her longest, and the one she considered to be her \"magnum opus\" in the realm of fiction writing.", "Atlas Shrugged __knowledge__ \"Atlas Shrugged\" includes elements of science fiction, mystery, and romance, and it contains Rand's most extensive statement of Objectivism in any of her works of fiction.", "Atlas Shrugged __knowledge__ The book depicts a dystopian United States in which private businesses suffer under increasingly burdensome laws and regulations.", "Atlas Shrugged __knowledge__ Railroad executive Dagny Taggart and her lover, steel magnate Hank Rearden, struggle against \"looters\" who want to exploit their productivity, including Dagny's brother and Hank's wife.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The Objectivist movement is a movement of individuals who seek to study and advance Objectivism, the philosophy expounded by novelist–philosopher Ayn Rand.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The movement began informally in the 1950s and consisted of students who were brought together by their mutual interest in Rand's novel, \"The Fountainhead\".", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ The group, ironically named \"the Collective\" due to their actual advocacy of individualism, in part consisted of Leonard Peikoff, Nathaniel Branden, Barbara Branden, Alan Greenspan, and Murray Rothbard.", "Objectivist movement __knowledge__ Nathaniel Branden, a young Canadian student who had been greatly inspired by Rand's work, became a close confidant and encouraged Rand to expand her philosophy into a formal movement.", "Atlas Shrugged: Part I __knowledge__ Atlas Shrugged: Part I is a 2011 American political science fiction drama film directed by Paul Johansson.", "Atlas Shrugged: Part I __knowledge__ An adaptation of part of Ayn Rand's controversial 1957 novel of the same name, the film is the first in a trilogy encompassing the entire book.", "Atlas Shrugged: Part I __knowledge__ After various treatments and proposals floundered for nearly 40 years, investor John Aglialoro initiated production in June 2010.", "Atlas Shrugged: Part I __knowledge__ The film was directed by Paul Johansson and stars Taylor Schilling as Dagny Taggart and Grant Bowler as Hank Rearden.", "Atlas Shrugged: Part I __knowledge__ The film begins the story of \"Atlas Shrugged,\" set in a dystopian United States where John Galt leads innovators, from industrialists to artists, in a capital strike, \"stopping the motor of the world\" to reassert the importance of the free use of one's mind and of \"laissez-faire\" capitalism.", "Objectivism (Ayn Rand) __knowledge__ Objectivism is a philosophical system developed by Russian-American writer Ayn Rand (1905–1982).", "Objectivism (Ayn Rand) __knowledge__ Rand first expressed Objectivism in her fiction, most notably \"The Fountainhead\" (1943) and \"Atlas Shrugged\" (1957), and later in non-fiction essays and books.", "Objectivism (Ayn Rand) __knowledge__ Leonard Peikoff, a professional philosopher and Rand's designated intellectual heir, later gave it a more formal structure.", "Objectivism (Ayn Rand) __knowledge__ Peikoff characterizes Objectivism as a \"closed system\" that is not subject to change.", "Objectivism (Ayn Rand) __knowledge__ Objectivism's central tenets are that reality exists independently of consciousness, that human beings have direct contact with reality through sense perception, that one can attain objective knowledge from perception through the process of concept formation and inductive logic, that the proper moral purpose of one's life is the pursuit of one's own happiness (rational self-interest), that the only social system consistent with this morality is one that displays full respect for individual rights embodied in \"laissez-faire\" capitalism, and that the role of art in human life is to transform humans' metaphysical ideas by selective reproduction of reality into a physical form—a work of art—that one can comprehend and to which one can respond emotionally.", "John Galt __knowledge__ John Galt () is a character in Ayn Rand's novel \"Atlas Shrugged\" (1957).", "John Galt __knowledge__ Although he is not identified by name until the last third of the novel, he is the object of its often-repeated question \"Who is John Galt?\"", "John Galt __knowledge__ and of the quest to discover the answer.", "John Galt __knowledge__ As the plot unfolds, Galt is acknowledged to be a philosopher and inventor; he believes in the power and glory of the human mind, and the right of the individual to use their mind solely for themselves.", "John Galt __knowledge__ He serves as a highly individualistic counterpoint to the collectivist social and economic structure depicted in the novel, in which society is based on oppressive bureaucratic functionaries and a culture that embraces mediocrity in the name of egalitarianism, which the novel posits is the end result of collectivist philosophy.", "Allan Gotthelf __knowledge__ Allan Stanley Gotthelf (December 30, 1942 – August 30, 2013) was an American philosopher.", "Allan Gotthelf __knowledge__ He was a scholar of the philosophies of both Aristotle and Ayn Rand.", "Allan Gotthelf __knowledge__ Allan Stanley Gotthelf was born in Brooklyn, New York on December 30, 1942.", "Allan Gotthelf __knowledge__ He received a Bachelor of Science in mathematics from Brooklyn College in 1963 and a Master of Arts in mathematics from Pennsylvania State University in 1964.", "Allan Gotthelf __knowledge__ He then received a Master of Philosophy and Doctor of Philosophy in philosophy from Columbia University in 1972 and 1975, respectively, where he studied under professors such as Aristotelian scholar John Herman Randall, Jr. An essay based on his doctoral dissertation (both titled \"Aristotle's Conception of Final Causality\") won first prize in the Dissertation Essay Competition of \"The Review of Metaphysics\" and was published in that journal in December 1976." ] ]

[ 2, 64, 2, 32, 9 ]

[ "I haven't either, but she is apparently a famous author who wrote \"Anne of Green Gables.\"", "I've only heard of it. Apparently it's sold more than 50 million copies.", "Yes, actually it's a series of novels that began in 1908.", "Yeah, I've heard of lots of famous books but never read them. Ayn Rand's \"Atlas Shrugged\" is one.", "Apparently it's interesting as Montgomery's work has been studied by scholars worldwide." ]

[ "Lucy Maud Montgomery", "Lucy Maud Montgomery", "Lucy Maud Montgomery", "Lucy Maud Montgomery", "Lucy Maud Montgomery" ]

[ "Visual impairment", "Last week I was told that I was near sighted a needed glasses.", "I have noticed when I would read signs driving." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the Sci Fi Channel game show \"Cha$e\".", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Gameboard: The Harbor 1.0 \"Note: In this and subsequent tables, \"Lost\" means the player had not been captured when the game ended (either as time expired or a contestant reached the exit point).", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Map: Terminal Island, a deserted seaside port with two ferries provided for easy shuttling.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Only three contestants could ride a ferry at once, and none of the hunters could board them.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ The contestants' first mission was to arrange barrels in a specific order.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Midway through the first mission, the first two hunters, Grant and Vazquez, were released.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ Badhan (; ), also known as Baran is a town in northern Sanaag region of Somaliland.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ Old Badhan is about 150 years old.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ The town used to be located in the settlement of Hubeera, which is now located in lowland.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ It was always in danger of flooding during the raining seasons.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ About 40 years ago, the town was re-located near a borewell called Badhan and it has assumed the name ever since.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ The area was first settled in the 14th century by Somali herdsmen from the Warsangali subclan of the Darod clan, as there was water available for their flocks.", "Badhan, Sanaag __knowledge__ Badhan is also famous for being the stage of battles between the Dervishes of Mohammed Abdullah Hassan and the Sultanate of Warsangeli.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Isaaq genocide __knowledge__ The Isaaq genocide or \"Hargeisa Holocaust\" was the systematic, state-sponsored massacre of Isaaq civilians between 1988 and 1991 by the Somali Democratic Republic under the dictatorship of Siad Barre.", "Isaaq genocide __knowledge__ The number of civilian deaths in this massacre is estimated to be between 50,000-100,000 according to various sources, whilst local reports estimate the total civilian deaths to be upwards of 200,000 Isaaq civilians.", "Isaaq genocide __knowledge__ This genocide also included the levelling and complete destruction of the second and third largest cities in Somalia, Hargeisa (which was 90 per cent destroyed) and Burao (70 per cent destroyed) respectively, and had caused up to 500,000 Somalis (primarily of the Isaaq clan) to flee their land and cross the border to Hartasheikh in Ethiopia as refugees, in what was described as \"one of the fastest and largest forced movements of people recorded in Africa\", and resulted in the creation of the world's largest refugee camp then (1988), with another 400,000 being internally displaced.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (often abridged as Last Week Tonight) is an American late-night talk and news satire television program hosted by comedian John Oliver.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on Sunday, April 27, 2014, on HBO.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ \"Last Week Tonight\" shares some similarities with Comedy Central's \"The Daily Show\" (where Oliver was previously featured as a correspondent and fill-in host), as it takes a satirical look at news, politics and current events, but on a weekly basis.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Oliver has stated that he has \"full creative freedom, including free rein to criticize corporations.\"", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ His initial contract with HBO was for two years with an option for extension.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ Hindsight bias, also known as the knew-it-all-along effect or creeping determinism, is the inclination, after an event has occurred, to see the event as having been predictable, despite there having been little or no objective basis for predicting it.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ It is a multifaceted phenomenon that can affect different stages of designs, processes, contexts, and situations.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ Hindsight bias may cause memory distortion, where the recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false theoretical outcomes.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ It has been suggested that the effect can cause extreme methodological problems while trying to analyze, understand, and interpret results in experimental studies.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to the occipital cortex from either unilateral or bilateral posterior cerebral artery blockage (ischemic stroke) and by cardiac surgery.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ In most cases, the complete loss of vision is not permanent and the patient may recover some of their vision (Cortical visual impairment).", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Congenital cortical blindness is most often caused by perinatal ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and meningitis.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Summer Paralympic Games or the Games of the Paralympiad, are an international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games are held every four years, organized by the International Paralympic Committee.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that the Olympic Games started in 1904.", "Summer Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The United States and the United Kingdom have each hosted two Summer Paralympic Games, more than any other nation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "List of Grand Theft Auto IV characters __knowledge__ A number of recurring characters appear in the video game \"Grand Theft Auto IV\", set in 2008.", "List of Grand Theft Auto IV characters __knowledge__ The characters that appear in \"Grand Theft Auto IV\" are relatively diverse and relative to the respective boroughs of Liberty City they are based in, belonging to various gangs and ethnic groups.", "List of Grand Theft Auto IV characters __knowledge__ The player controls Niko Bellic, an immigrant from Eastern Europe.", "List of Grand Theft Auto IV characters __knowledge__ According to Dan Houser, \"virtually none of the characters from the previous games returned, as the \"GTA IV\" era is set in a parallel universe compared to the \"GTA III\" era.", "List of Grand Theft Auto IV characters __knowledge__ Unlike previous games in the series, the voice actors of \"Grand Theft Auto IV\" do not include notable and high-profile celebrities, instead opting for lesser known actors such as Michael Hollick, Jason Zumwalt, Tony Patellis, Moti Margolin, Ryan Johnston, Thomas Lyons, Frank Bonsangue, Timothy Adams and Coolie Ranx.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Bumper Stumpers __knowledge__ Bumper Stumpers is a Canadian game show in which two teams of two players attempted to decipher vanity license plates in an attempt to win money.", "Bumper Stumpers __knowledge__ The show was a joint production of Canada's Global Television Network and the United States' USA Network, the two networks that aired the series in first run, in association with Barry & Enright Productions and Wink Martindale Enterprises.", "Bumper Stumpers __knowledge__ This was one of three original series that USA and Global co-produced in the 1980s, with a 1985 revival of \"Jackpot\" and 1986's \"The New Chain Reaction\" preceding it.", "Bumper Stumpers __knowledge__ \"Bumper Stumpers\" premiered on June 29, 1987 and aired concurrently on Global and USA until December 28, 1990.", "Haftarah __knowledge__ The haftarah or (in Ashkenazic pronunciation) haftoroh (alt.", "Haftarah __knowledge__ haphtara, Hebrew: הפטרה; \"parting,\" \"taking leave\", plural \"haftarot\" or \"haftoros\" is a series of selections from the books of \"Nevi'im\" (\"Prophets\") of the Hebrew Bible (\"Tanakh\") that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice.", "Haftarah __knowledge__ The Haftarah reading follows the Torah reading on each Sabbath and on Jewish festivals and fast days.", "Haftarah __knowledge__ Typically, the \"haftarah\" is thematically linked to the \"parasha\" (Torah portion) that precedes it.", "Haftarah __knowledge__ The \"haftarah\" is sung in a chant (known as \"\"trope\"\" in Yiddish or \"Cantillation\" in English).", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ The name \"cuneiform\" itself simply means \"wedge shaped\".", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ Emerging in Sumer in the late fourth millennium BC to convey the Sumerian language, which was a language isolate (the Uruk IV period), cuneiform writing began as a system of pictograms, stemming from an earlier system of shaped tokens used for accounting.", "Cuneiform script __knowledge__ In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use grew smaller (Hittite cuneiform).", "Lesbian pulp fiction __knowledge__ Lesbian pulp fiction is a genre of lesbian literature that refers to any mid-20th century paperback novel or pulp magazine with overtly lesbian themes and content.", "Lesbian pulp fiction __knowledge__ Lesbian pulp fiction was published in the 1950s and 60s by many of the same paperback publishing houses that other genres of fiction including westerns, romances, and detective fiction.", "Lesbian pulp fiction __knowledge__ Because very little other literature was available for and about lesbians at this time, quite often these books were the only reference the public (lesbian and otherwise) had for modeling what lesbians were.", "Lesbian pulp fiction __knowledge__ Stephanie Foote, from the University of Illinois commented on the importance of lesbian pulp novels to the lesbian identity prior to feminism: \"Pulps have been understood as signs of a secret history of readers, and they have been valued because they have been read.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ The history of private equity and venture capital and the development of these asset classes has occurred through a series of boom and bust cycles since the middle of the 20th century.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ Within the broader private equity industry, two distinct sub-industries, leveraged buyouts and venture capital experienced growth along parallel, although interrelated tracks.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ Since the origins of the modern private equity industry in 1946, there have been four major epochs marked by three boom and bust cycles.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ The early history of private equity—from 1946 through 1981—was characterized by relatively small volumes of private equity investment, rudimentary firm organizations and limited awareness of and familiarity with the private equity industry.", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ Knuffle Bunny Free: An Unexpected Diversion is a children's picture book by author and illustrator Mo Willems.", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ It was released on September 28, 2010 by Balzer + Bray, an imprint of HarperCollins.", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ It is the third and final book in Willem's Knuffle Bunny series, which also includes \"\" and \"\".", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ It debuted at the number one spot on The New York Times Best Seller list.", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ Amazon.com named the book one of its Top 10 Children's Picture Books of 2010.", "Knuffle Bunny Free __knowledge__ Willems was a finalist for Illustrator of the Year during 2011's Children's Book Week, sponsored by the Children's Book Council of the United States because of his efforts in illustrating this book.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ Knuffle Bunny: A Cautionary Tale (\"kuh-nuffle\") is a children's picture book by Mo Willems.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ Released by Hyperion Books in 2004, \"Knuffle Bunny\" won the 2005 Caldecott Honor.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ The story spawned an animated short and a musical, as well as two sequels.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ Altogether, the Knuffle Bunny Series has sold more than 750,000 copies.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ The series' protagonist, Trixie, is named after Willems' real-life daughter.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ Trixie steps lively as she goes with her father down the block, through the park, past the school, and to the laundromat.", "Knuffle Bunny __knowledge__ For the toddler, loading and putting money into the machine invokes wide-eyed pleasure.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Knuffle Bunny Too __knowledge__ Knuffle Bunny Too: A Case of Mistaken Identity is a children's picture book by Mo Willems.", "Knuffle Bunny Too __knowledge__ A sequel to \"\", it was released on September 4, 2007 and reached the number one spot on the New York Times Bestseller List for children's books.", "Knuffle Bunny Too __knowledge__ In the book, a young girl named Trixie realizes that her classmate Sonja has the same type of \"Knuffle Bunny\" toy that she does.", "Knuffle Bunny Too __knowledge__ When the jealous girls begin arguing, their teacher confiscates the stuffed animals, returning them at the end of the school day.", "Knuffle Bunny Too __knowledge__ At 2:30 AM, Trixie realizes that her teacher has given her Sonja's bunny, and asks her father to call Sonja's house to exchange toys.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders." ] ]

[ 3, 5, 4 ]

[ "I've never been able to say 20/20 hindsight because my visual impairment makes me have 20/60 vision. :(", "Oh that's a little unfortunate, but I know the feeling. Did it cause you trouble with reading or driving?", "Pretty blurry then, yeah. Well at least complete vision loss isn't in the cards for either of us. Don't think I could handle blindness!" ]

[ "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment" ]

[ "Rita Hayworth\nOne of my favorite actors is Rita Hayworth. Do you know her?", "Yeah, she was a very good dancer. Do you know when she was born?", "Yeah, do you know if she is still alive?", "That's too bad. I will have to watch more of her movies. I only have seen a couple." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Her greatest success was in the Technicolor musical \"Cover Girl\" (1944), with Gene Kelly.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She is listed as one of the top 25 female motion picture stars of all time in the American Film Institute's survey, AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ In 1980, Hayworth was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, which contributed to her death at age 68.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The public disclosure and discussion of her illness drew attention to Alzheimer's, and helped to increase public and private funding for Alzheimer's research.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1918 as Margarita Carmen Cansino, the oldest child of two dancers.", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ The Shawshank Redemption is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont, based on the 1982 Stephen King novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\".", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ It tells the story of banker Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins), who is sentenced to life in Shawshank State Penitentiary for the murder of his wife and her lover, despite his claims of innocence.", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ Over the following two decades, he befriends a fellow prisoner, contraband smuggler Ellis \"Red\" Redding (Morgan Freeman), and becomes instrumental in a money laundering operation led by the prison warden Samuel Norton (Bob Gunton).", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ William Sadler, Clancy Brown, Gil Bellows, and James Whitmore appear in supporting roles.", "Orson Welles __knowledge__ George Orson Welles (; May 6, 1915 – October 10, 1985) was an American actor, director, writer, and producer who worked in theatre, radio, and film.", "Orson Welles __knowledge__ He is remembered for his innovative work in all three: in theatre, most notably \"Caesar\" (1937), a Broadway adaptation of William Shakespeare's \"Julius Caesar\"; in radio, the legendary 1938 broadcast \"The War of the Worlds\"; and in film, \"Citizen Kane\" (1941), consistently ranked as one of the greatest films ever made.", "Orson Welles __knowledge__ In his 20s, Welles directed a number of high-profile stage productions for the Federal Theatre Project, including an adaptation of \"Macbeth\" with an entirely African American cast, and the political musical \"The Cradle Will Rock\".", "Black dress of Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ In the 1946 film \"Gilda\", Rita Hayworth wore a black dress made by American costume designer Jean Louis.", "Black dress of Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ It was used in one of the most famous scenes of the film: one in which the character of Gilda sings the song \"Put the Blame on Mame\", improvising a quick striptease, choreographed by Jack Cole.", "Black dress of Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The dress has helped consolidate the image of the \"femme fatale\", as well as being universally recognized as an icon of fashion and cinema.", "Black dress of Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ \"The Independent\" named it as one of the Ten Best Fashion Moments in Film.", "Black dress of Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Jean Louis, Columbia Pictures costume designer, collaborated with the actress Rita Hayworth in nine films from the 1945 until 1959.", "The Strawberry Blonde __knowledge__ The Strawberry Blonde is a 1941 Warner Bros. feature film directed by Raoul Walsh, starring James Cagney and Olivia de Havilland, and featuring Rita Hayworth, Alan Hale, Jack Carson and George Tobias.", "The Strawberry Blonde __knowledge__ The picture was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941 for Best Scoring of a Musical Picture and features songs such as \"The Band Played On\", \"Bill Bailey\", \"Meet Me in St. Louis, Louie,\" \"Wait Till The Sun Shines Nellie,\" and \"Love Me and the World Is Mine.\"", "The Strawberry Blonde __knowledge__ The title is most often listed beginning with the word The, but the film's posters and promotional materials call it simply Strawberry Blonde.", "Only Angels Have Wings __knowledge__ Only Angels Have Wings is a 1939 American drama film directed by Howard Hawks, and starring Cary Grant and Jean Arthur, based on a story written by Hawks.", "Only Angels Have Wings __knowledge__ The film also marked the first significant role in a major film for Rita Hayworth.", "Only Angels Have Wings __knowledge__ It is generally regarded as being among Hawks' finest films, particularly in its portrayal of the professionalism of the pilots of the film, its atmosphere, and the flying sequences.", "Only Angels Have Wings __knowledge__ The supporting cast features Thomas Mitchell and Richard Barthelmess.", "Only Angels Have Wings __knowledge__ \"Only Angels Have Wings\" was based on a number of real incidents witnessed by Hawks, and although \"Air Mail\" (1932), \"Night Flight\" (1933), \"Ceiling Zero\" (1936, also directed by Hawks) and \"Flight From Glory\" (1937) have similar stories, they are not related.", "Prince Aly Khan __knowledge__ Prince Ali Salman Aga Khan (13 June 1911 – 12 May 1960), known as Aly Khan, was a son of Sultan Mahommed Shah, Aga Khan III, the leader of the Nizārī Ismā'īlī Muslims, a sect of Shia Islam, and the father of Aga Khan IV.", "Prince Aly Khan __knowledge__ A socialite, racehorse owner and jockey, he was the third husband of actress Rita Hayworth.", "Prince Aly Khan __knowledge__ After being passed over for succession as Aga Khan, he served as the Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the United Nations, where he became a vice president of the General Assembly.", "Prince Aly Khan __knowledge__ His first name was typically spelled \"Aly\" in the press.", "Prince Aly Khan __knowledge__ The titles of prince and princess, which are claimed by children of the Aga Khan by virtue of their descent from the Qajar king Fath Ali Shah of the Persian Qajar dynasty, were recognized as courtesy titles by the British government in 1938." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Her greatest success was in the Technicolor musical \"Cover Girl\" (1944), with Gene Kelly.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She is listed as one of the top 25 female motion picture stars of all time in the American Film Institute's survey, AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ In 1980, Hayworth was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, which contributed to her death at age 68.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The public disclosure and discussion of her illness drew attention to Alzheimer's, and helped to increase public and private funding for Alzheimer's research.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1918 as Margarita Carmen Cansino, the oldest child of two dancers.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Sean-nós dance __knowledge__ Sean-nós dance (, \"old style dancing\") is an older style of traditional solo Irish dance.", "Sean-nós dance __knowledge__ It is a casual dance form, as opposed to the more formal and competition-oriented form of Irish stepdance.", "Sean-nós dance __knowledge__ \"Sean nós\" in Irish means \"old style\", and is applied to the dance form as well as sean-nós song.", "Sean-nós dance __knowledge__ These now less-common forms of Irish dance and traditional Irish singing have been documented in Irish history and by ethnomusicologists, but are still alive in parts of the Irish music scene.", "Sean-nós dance __knowledge__ Sean-nós dance is characterised by its \"low to the ground\" footwork, improvised steps, free movement of the arms, and an emphasis upon a \"battering step\" (which sounds out more loudly the accented beat of the music).", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ Amici (initially called \"Saranno Famosi\") is an Italian talent show.", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ Created by Chicco Sfondrin and Luca Zanforlin, the show began in 2001 and has since aired annually from October/November until May/June.", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ The show is produced by Fascino P.G.T.", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ s.r.l.", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ (owned by Maria De Filippi) and is broadcast on Canale 5.", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ Amici is an academy school involving a class of about 20 youth students (18-25 age), who aspire to become professional singers, songwriters and dancers (classical, modern, jazz and hip-hop).", "Amici di Maria De Filippi __knowledge__ Additional original categories of \"actors\", \"musicians\" and \"TV presenters\" have since been dropped in the recent seasons (after 2009).", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Asian Americans have been involved in the entertainment industry since the first half of the 19th century, when Chang and Eng Bunker (the original \"Siamese Twins\") became naturalized citizens.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Acting roles in television, film, and theater were relatively few, and many available roles were for narrow, stereotypical characters.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Early Asian American actors such as Sessue Hayakawa, Anna May Wong, and Bruce Lee encountered a movie-making culture that wanted to cast them as caricatures.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Or like actress Merle Oberon who hid her heritage so she wouldn't have been discriminated by Hollywood's racist laws." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Her greatest success was in the Technicolor musical \"Cover Girl\" (1944), with Gene Kelly.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She is listed as one of the top 25 female motion picture stars of all time in the American Film Institute's survey, AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ In 1980, Hayworth was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, which contributed to her death at age 68.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The public disclosure and discussion of her illness drew attention to Alzheimer's, and helped to increase public and private funding for Alzheimer's research.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1918 as Margarita Carmen Cansino, the oldest child of two dancers.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ The Dominici affair was the criminal investigation into the triple murder of three Britons in France.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ During the night of 4/5 August 1952, Sir Jack Drummond, a 61-year-old scientist; his 44-year-old wife Anne Wilbraham; and their 10-year-old daughter Elizabeth were murdered next to their car which was parked in a lay-by near \"La Grand'Terre\", the farm belonging to the Dominici family, located near the village of Lurs in the département of Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence).", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ Family patriarch Gaston Dominici was convicted of the three murders in 1957 and sentenced to death, though it was widely believed that his guilt had not been clearly established.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Still Alive __knowledge__ \"Still Alive\" is a song featured in the closing credits of the 2007 video game \"Portal\".", "Still Alive __knowledge__ It was composed and arranged by Jonathan Coulton and was performed by Ellen McLain, while portraying the \"Portal\" character GLaDOS.", "Still Alive __knowledge__ The song originated in a meeting between two Valve Corporation developers and Coulton about him writing a song for the company, which Coulton accepted as he was a fan of Valve's \"Half-Life\" series.", "Still Alive __knowledge__ The song plays during the end credits in-song in the form of a computer console, and plays after GLaDOS is defeated by Chell, the game's protagonist and player character, with the lyrics revealing that GLaDOS is, in fact, \"still alive\" and not angry with anything.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ The Bloomington Flex are a professional minor league basketball team based in Bloomington, Illinois.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ The Flex last played in the Midwest Professional Basketball Association (MPBA) in 2015.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ Formed in 2011 as the Central Illinois Drive, they were a member of the Premier Basketball League (PBL) for three seasons.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ The Flex played the 2012 PBL season as the expansion Central Illinois Drive.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ The Drive finished the 2012 regular season 18-1 and swept the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Steamers in the first round of the PBL playoffs.", "Bloomington Flex __knowledge__ On April 14, 2012, the Drive completed a two-game sweep of the defending PBL champions, the Rochester RazorSharks, at U.S Cellular Coliseum in the PBL Finals to win the 2012 PBL Championship.", "Convergence of accounting standards __knowledge__ The convergence of accounting standards refers to the goal of establishing a single set of accounting standards that will be used internationally.", "Convergence of accounting standards __knowledge__ Convergence in some form has been taking place for several decades, and efforts today include projects that aim to reduce the differences between accounting standards.", "Convergence of accounting standards __knowledge__ Convergence is driven by several factors, including the belief that having a single set of accounting requirements would increase the comparability of different entities' accounting numbers, which will contribute to the flow of international investment and benefit a variety of stakeholders.", "The Kagestar __knowledge__ An Evel Knievel-inspired red, white and blue-clad, manga-eyed helmet-masked superhero with a swirling star-spangled striped cape he could use like a weapon, he rode a winged white motorcycle called the KageroCar he kept housed in a big and quite bizarre-looking anthropomorphic aircraft called the Kageboosee which he summoned with his flashlight-gun.", "The Kagestar __knowledge__ He could also, as in the later video game and anime \"Blue Dragon\", bring his silhouette-style shadow to life in giant form to battle the forces of evil.", "The Kagestar __knowledge__ Originally fighting American comics-style costumed crooks, in later episodes his foes became \"Kamen Rider\"-style mutated monsters created by his archenemy Dr. Satan (Goro Naya), a former Nazi scientist turned megalomaniacal mastermind also identified in some English language sources as Dr. Saturn.", "Vanessa Fernandez __knowledge__ Vanessa Mary Fernandez (born 17 October) is a singer and radio presenter from Singapore.", "Vanessa Fernandez __knowledge__ She released several albums with the now defunct hip-hop groups, Urban Xchange and Parking Lot Pimp and is now more popularly known by her moniker, Vandetta, (sometimes Miss Vandetta) on Mediacorp Radio’s 987fm.", "Vanessa Fernandez __knowledge__ Fernandez started singing in the church choir at the age of 12 and at 16, while studying at CHIJ St. Joseph’s Convent, scored a leading role in her secondary school musical directed by Wendy Ng, then the Artistic Director of the Singapore Repertory Theatre Young Company.", "Vanessa Fernandez __knowledge__ Ng asked her to join the established theatre group and she went on to perform in several musicals including Re:Mix, penned by Singapore Idol judge and music veteran, Dick Lee, as well as 24 Hours, penned by Haresh Sharma for The Necessary Stage in 1998.", "Saint James Church massacre __knowledge__ The Saint James Church massacre was a massacre perpetrated on St James Anglican Church in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa, on 25 July 1993 by four terrorists of the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA).", "Saint James Church massacre __knowledge__ Eleven members of the congregation were killed and 58 wounded.", "Saint James Church massacre __knowledge__ In 1998 the attackers were granted amnesty for their acts by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.", "Saint James Church massacre __knowledge__ The attack occurred during the Sunday evening service.", "Saint James Church massacre __knowledge__ Sichumiso Nonxuba, Bassie Mkhumbuzi, Gcinikhaya Makoma and Tobela Mlambisa approached the church, a congregation of the Church of England in South Africa, in a vehicle stolen by Mlambisa and Makoma beforehand.", "This Woman's Work __knowledge__ \"This Woman's Work\" is a song written and performed by the British singer Kate Bush.", "This Woman's Work __knowledge__ It was originally featured on the soundtrack of the American film \"She's Having a Baby\" (1988).", "This Woman's Work __knowledge__ The song was released as the second single from her album \"The Sensual World\" in 1989 and peaked at 25 in the UK Singles Chart.", "This Woman's Work __knowledge__ The lyric of \"This Woman's Work\" is about being forced to confront an unexpected and frightening crisis during the normal event of childbirth.", "This Woman's Work __knowledge__ Written for the movie \"She's Having a Baby\", director John Hughes used the song during the film's dramatic climax, when Jake (Kevin Bacon) learns that the lives of his wife, Kristy (Elizabeth McGovern), and their unborn child are in danger.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The history of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Aboriginal Australians arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The artistic, musical and spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Her greatest success was in the Technicolor musical \"Cover Girl\" (1944), with Gene Kelly.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She is listed as one of the top 25 female motion picture stars of all time in the American Film Institute's survey, AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ In 1980, Hayworth was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, which contributed to her death at age 68.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The public disclosure and discussion of her illness drew attention to Alzheimer's, and helped to increase public and private funding for Alzheimer's research.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1918 as Margarita Carmen Cansino, the oldest child of two dancers.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Dump months __knowledge__ The dump months are what the film community calls the two periods of the year when there are lowered commercial and critical expectations for most new releases.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Audiences during these periods are smaller than the rest of the year, so no tentpole movies are released.", "Dump months __knowledge__ January and February are usually most commonly described this way, with August and September sometimes included.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Releases during those times primarily include films that would have been released at other times of year had they done better at test screenings, films with less prominent stars, genre films (particularly horror), movies that cannot be easily marketed and films intended for a teenage audience, which has fewer entertainment options outside the home.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ Mystery Science Theater 3000 (MST3K) is an American television comedy series created by Joel Hodgson and produced by Alternaversal Productions, LLC.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ The show premiered on KTMA (now WUCW) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on November 24, 1988.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ It later aired on The Comedy Channel/Comedy Central for seven seasons until its cancellation in 1997.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ Thereafter, it was picked up by The Sci-Fi Channel and aired for three seasons until another cancellation in August 1999.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ A 60-episode syndication package titled \"The Mystery Science Theater Hour\" was produced in 1995.", "Mystery Science Theater 3000 __knowledge__ In 2015, Hodgson led a crowdfunded revival of the series with 14 episodes in its eleventh season, released on Netflix on April 14, 2017, with another season to follow in the near future.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "Assist (Scientology) __knowledge__ The Scientology Assist is a procedure claimed to alleviate \"a present time [current] discomfort\" or bring a person who has recently died back to life.", "Assist (Scientology) __knowledge__ Assists are claimed to address the spirit, the person themselves, in bringing about a speedier recovery from illness and injury.", "Assist (Scientology) __knowledge__ For this reason it is made very clear that Assists do not \"heal the body\", it is the spirit that helps heal the body and that is what assists are actually addressing and there are many records where parishioners of the Church have attested to their effectiveness either receiving or administering them.", "Assist (Scientology) __knowledge__ There are many different types of Assists that anyone can easily and swiftly learn to do at home for aiding recovery of all manner of illnesses, accidents and injuries and even domestic upsets, of any and all age groups including babies and even pets.", "Herodotus __knowledge__ Herodotus (; , \"Hêródotos\", ) was a Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus in the Persian Empire (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey) and lived in the fifth century BC ( 484– 425 BC), a contemporary of Thucydides, Socrates, and Euripides.", "Herodotus __knowledge__ He is often referred to as \"The Father of History\", a title first conferred by Cicero; he was the first historian known to have broken from Homeric tradition to treat historical subjects as a method of investigation—specifically, by collecting his materials systematically and critically, and then arranging them into a historiographic narrative.", "Herodotus __knowledge__ \"The Histories\" is the only work which he is known to have produced, a record of his \"inquiry\" ( \"historía\") on the origins of the Greco-Persian Wars; it primarily deals with the lives of Croesus, Cyrus, Cambyses, Smerdis, Darius, and Xerxes and the battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, Artemisium, Salamis, Plataea, and Mycale; however, its many cultural, ethnographical, geographical, historiographical, and other digressions form a defining and essential part of the \"Histories\" and contain a wealth of information.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ Nyogen Senzaki (千崎 如幻, 1876–1958) was a Rinzai Zen monk who was one of the 20th century's leading proponents of Zen Buddhism in the United States.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ Details of Senzaki's early life are unclear.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ Town records in Fukaura, Aomori state Senzaki was born on October 5, 1876 as the Senzaki family's first son.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ He was named Aizo Senzaki.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ As a youth Senzaki's grandmother told him he had been abandoned as an infant and was discovered by a fisherman from Sakhalin island, Siberia who reportedly brought him back to Aomori Prefecture.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ His father is unknown, but he was either Russian or Chinese.", "Nyogen Senzaki __knowledge__ Aizo's grandmother was perhaps misinformed in her version of events, because some accounts state young Senzaki was adopted by a travelling Kegon Buddhist priest and brought back to Japan.", "Albrecht von Thaer __knowledge__ Albrecht von Thaer (2 June 1868 - 23 June 1957) was a German General Staff Officer and of the last King of Saxony.", "Albrecht von Thaer __knowledge__ He came to prominence in connection with his successful participation in the controversial in 1892 and, later, on account of his First World War diaries, when these were published posthumously.", "Albrecht von Thaer __knowledge__ Albrecht Georg Otto von Thaer was born in Panten a small town in the flat lands a short distance to the west of Breslau (as Wrocław was known at that time), the eldest of his parents' six recorded children.", "Albrecht von Thaer __knowledge__ He grew up with his siblings on his parents' farm (\"Pawonkau Manor Farm\" / \"\"Gut Pawonkau \"\") at Lublinitz, some distance to the east of Breslau, on the margins of Upper Silesia.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ Jensen Motors Limited was a British manufacturer of sports cars and commercial vehicles in West Bromwich, England.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ Brothers Alan and Richard Jensen gave the new name, Jensen Motors Limited, to the commercial body and sports car body making business of W J Smith & Sons Limited in 1934.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ It ceased trading in 1976.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ Though trading resumed in 1998 Jensen Motors Limited was dissolved in 2011.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ Jensen Motors built specialist car bodies for major manufacturers alongside cars of their own design using engines and mechanicals of major manufacturers Ford, Austin and Chrysler.", "Jensen Motors __knowledge__ The rights to Jensen's trademarks were bought with the company and it briefly operated in Speke, Liverpool, from 1998 to 2002.", "Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis __knowledge__ The Ancient and Mystical Order Rosæ Crucis (AMORC), also known as the Rosicrucian Order, is the largest Rosicrucian organization in the world.", "Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis __knowledge__ It has various lodges, chapters and other affiliated bodies throughout the globe, operating in 19 different languages.", "Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis __knowledge__ AMORC claims an association with a \"perennial philosophy\", often referred to as \"The Primordial Tradition\".", "Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis __knowledge__ The Order further states that it is heir and custodian of the \"Rose-Croix\" of the past, thereby making it the oldest existing Traditional Fraternity and a modern-day manifestation of the 'Rosicrucian Fraternity' of old, which is believed by some to have originated in the traditions of the Ancient Egyptian Mystery schools.", "Aptharakshaka __knowledge__ Aaptharakshaka () is a Kannada blockbuster film released in 2010 starring Vishnuvardhan in his 200th Kannada film and posthumous film along with Vimala Raman, Sandhya, Avinash, Srinivasa Murthy, Bhavana, Lakshmi Gopalaswamy and Komal among others.", "Aptharakshaka __knowledge__ The film was written and directed by P. Vasu and is a sequel to the 2004 blockbuster film \"Apthamitra\" also directed by Vasu and starring Vishnuvardhan.", "Aptharakshaka __knowledge__ The film was released on 19 February 2010 to highly positive reviews.", "Aptharakshaka __knowledge__ The movie was remade in Telugu as \"Nagavalli\" with Venkatesh Daggubati.", "Aptharakshaka __knowledge__ The movie was dubbed in Telugu as \"Raja Vijaya Rajendra Bahadur (Nagavalli - Return of Chandramukhi)\", in Hindi as \"Sab Ka Rakhwala\" under the production of Sumeet Arts and in Bengali as \"Amar Rakshak\"." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Yeah, she's an American actress and dancer too.", "She was born on Octover 17, 1918, so quite a while ago.", "She isn't, she died back in May of 1987.", "I've seen some as well, especially after she achieved her fame during the 40's." ]

[ "Rita Hayworth", "Rita Hayworth", "Rita Hayworth", "Rita Hayworth" ]

[ "Candy", "Wow. You're actually kind of fortunate because it isn't good for your health. Also, for me anyways, I can't have it around because it can be addictive.", "Yes, I know what you mean. One has to be careful to read the label on anything anymore, seems like high fructose corn syrup is in everything.", "I have read some about it, but I'm on the fence - either way, just because it isn't proven bad, doesn't mean it is good for anything either. I like fruits and vegetables, but even those could be tainted by GMO" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ An addictive personality refers to a particular set of personality traits that make an individual predisposed to developing addictions.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ This hypothesis states that there may be common personality traits observable in people suffering from addiction.", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ Alan R. Lang of Florida State University, author of an addiction study prepared for the United States National Academy of Sciences, said, \"If we can better identify the personality factors, they can help us devise better treatment and can open up new strategies to intervene and break the patterns of addiction.\"", "Addictive personality __knowledge__ Experts describe the spectrum of behaviors designated as addictive in terms of five interrelated concepts: patterns, habits, compulsions, impulse control disorders, and physical addiction.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ Th1rt3en is the thirteenth studio album by American thrash metal band Megadeth.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ It was released worldwide on November 1, 2011, by Roadrunner Records, although the album was released on October 26, 2011 for Japan.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ \"Thirteen\" is the first Megadeth studio album since \"The World Needs a Hero\" (2001) to feature bassist and founding member David Ellefson, who returned to the band in 2010.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ \"Th1rt3en\" debuted at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 42,000 copies in its first week.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ The album broke into the top 20 in several other markets as well.", "Thirteen (Megadeth album) __knowledge__ It has sold about 120,000 copies in the United States as of December 2012.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Internet addiction disorder, more commonly called problematic Internet use (PIU), refers to excessive Internet use that interferes with daily life.", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Addiction is defined by Webster Dictionary as a \"compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly: persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful\".", "Internet addiction disorder __knowledge__ Problematic Internet use is also called compulsive Internet use (CIU), Internet overuse, problematic computer use, or pathological computer use (PCU), problematic Internet use (PIU), or Internet addiction disorder (IAD)).", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Laurence Anyways __knowledge__ Laurence Anyways is a 2012 Canadian romantic drama film written, edited, and directed by Xavier Dolan.", "Laurence Anyways __knowledge__ The film competed in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival where Suzanne Clément won the Un Certain Regard Award for Best Actress.", "Laurence Anyways __knowledge__ The film also won the Queer Palm Award at the festival.", "Laurence Anyways __knowledge__ The story of an impossible love between a woman named Fred (Frédérique) and a transgender woman named Laurence (then living as a man) who reveals her inner desire to become her true self: a woman.", "Laurence Anyways __knowledge__ Set during the late 1980s and early 1990s, the story spans a decade, chronicling the doomed love of Fred and Laurence, as well as the trials and tribulations that they face.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ Lance Sweets, Ph.D., Psy.D., is a fictional character in the American television series \"Bones\".", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ He was portrayed by John Francis Daley.", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ Daley first made three guest appearances as Sweets during the first eight episodes of Season 3, first appearing in \"The Secret in the Soil\".", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ He was promoted to a series regular and appeared in the opening credits beginning with the episode \"The Santa in the Slush\".", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ He also guest-starred on the spin-off \"The Finder\".", "Lance Sweets __knowledge__ The character is killed off in the first episode of the show's tenth season, \"The Conspiracy in the Corpse\", making him the first main character of \"Bones\" to die.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The 1962 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; there was activity in every month but January, March, and June, but most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November and this conventionally delimits the season.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The majority of the Pacific typhoons in 1962 formed in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and west of the International Date Line with two exceptions: Tropical Depressions Fifty and Sixty-three formed in the Central Pacific.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1962 Pacific hurricane season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Public relations of high fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ Critics and competitors of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), notably the sugar industry, have for many years used various public relations campaigns to claim the sweetener causes certain health conditions, despite the lack of scientific evidence that HFCS differs nutritionally from sugar.", "Public relations of high fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ The HFCS industry has tried to respond to these campaigns with their own efforts.", "Public relations of high fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ In May 2006, the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) threatened to file a lawsuit against Cadbury Schweppes for labeling 7 Up as \"All Natural\" or \"100% Natural\", despite the presence of high-fructose corn syrup.", "Public relations of high fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has no general definition of \"natural\"; however, FDA regulations define \"natural flavoring\" to include products of vegetables.", "Fructose __knowledge__ Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide, sucrose.", "Fructose __knowledge__ It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into blood during digestion.", "Fructose __knowledge__ Fructose was discovered by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut in 1847.", "Fructose __knowledge__ The name “fructose” was coined in 1857 by the English chemist, William Allen Miller.", "Fructose __knowledge__ Pure, dry fructose is a sweet, white, odorless, crystalline solid, and is the most water-soluble of all the sugars.", "Fructose __knowledge__ Fructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables.", "Fructose malabsorption __knowledge__ Fructose malabsorption, formerly named \"dietary fructose intolerance\" (DFI), is a digestive disorder in which absorption of fructose is impaired by deficient fructose carriers in the small intestine's enterocytes.", "Fructose malabsorption __knowledge__ This results in an increased concentration of fructose in the entire intestine.", "Fructose malabsorption __knowledge__ Intolerance to fructose was first identified and reported in 1956.", "Fructose malabsorption __knowledge__ Occurrence in patients identified to be suffering symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome is not higher than occurrence in the normal population.", "Fructose malabsorption __knowledge__ However, due to the similarity in symptoms, patients with fructose malabsorption often fit the profile of those with irritable bowel syndrome.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ Sugar is an indispensable part of human life.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ From the time of its invention, refined sugar has been a part of our day-to-day life.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ Sugar was first produced from sugarcane plants in northern India sometime after the first century.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ The derivation of the word “sugar” is thought to have been from Sanskrit and Sanskrit literature from India, written between 1500 - 500 B. C., provides the first documentation of the cultivation of sugar cane and manufacture of sugar in the Bengal region of India.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ The Sanskrit name for a crudely made sugar substance was guda, meaning “to make into a ball or to conglomerate.” The history of sugar has five main phases: Known worldwide through the end of the medieval period, sugar was very expensive and was considered a \"fine spice\", but from about the year 1500, technological improvements and New World sources began turning it into a much cheaper bulk commodity.", "Corn syrup __knowledge__ Corn syrup is a food syrup which is made from the starch of corn (called maize in some countries) and contains varying amounts of maltose and higher oligosaccharides, depending on the grade.", "Corn syrup __knowledge__ Corn syrup, also known as glucose syrup to confectioners, is used in foods to soften texture, add volume, prevent crystallization of sugar, and enhance flavor.", "Corn syrup __knowledge__ Corn syrup is distinct from high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which is manufactured from corn syrup by converting a large proportion of its glucose into fructose using the enzyme D-xylose isomerase, thus producing a sweeter compound due to higher levels of fructose.", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ The Corn Refiners Association (CRA) is a trade association based in Washington, D.C. and representing the corn refining industry in the United States.", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ Corn refining encompasses the production of corn starch, corn oil, and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS).", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ Members of the CRA include Archer Daniels Midland, Cargill, Ingredion, Roquette America, Inc. and Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas.", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ The CRA launched a public relations campaign in 2008 called “Changing the Conversation about High Fructose Corn Syrup” (HFCS).", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ Initial commercials stated that HFCS was \"natural\".", "Corn Refiners Association __knowledge__ In more recent commercials characters state HFCS is 'made from corn, has no artificial ingredients, has the same calories as sugar and is okay to eat in moderation.'", "High-fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (also called glucose-fructose, isoglucose and glucose-fructose syrup) is a sweetener made from corn starch that has been processed by glucose isomerase to convert some of its glucose into fructose.", "High-fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ HFCS was first marketed in the early 1970s by the Clinton Corn Processing Company, together with the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology where the enzyme was discovered in 1965.", "High-fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ As a sweetener, HFCS is often compared to granulated sugar, but manufacturing advantages of HFCS over sugar include that it is easier to handle and more cost-effective.", "High-fructose corn syrup __knowledge__ The United States Food and Drug Administration has determined that HFCS is a safe ingredient for food and beverage manufacturing.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Makar Sankranti __knowledge__ Makar Sankranti, also known as Makara Sankrānti (Sanskrit: मकर सङ्क्रान्ति) or Maghi, is a festival day in the Hindu calendar, in reference to deity Surya (sun).", "Makar Sankranti __knowledge__ It is observed each year in January.", "Makar Sankranti __knowledge__ It marks the first day of sun's transit into the Makara (Capricorn), marking the end of the month with the winter solstice and the start of longer days.", "Makar Sankranti __knowledge__ \"Makar Sankranti\" is one of the few ancient Indian festivals that has been observed according to solar cycles, while most festivals are set by the lunar cycle of the lunisolar Hindu calendar.", "Makar Sankranti __knowledge__ Being a festival that celebrates the solar cycle, it almost always falls on the same Gregorian date every year (January 14), except in some years when the date shifts by a day for that year.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ Trick-or-treating is a Halloween ritual custom for children and adults in many countries.", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ Children in costumes travel from house-to-house, asking for treats with the phrase \"Trick or treat\".", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ The \"treat\" is usually some form of candy, although, in some cultures, money is used instead.", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ The \"trick\" is a usually idle threat to perform mischief on the homeowners or their property if no treat is given.", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ Trick-or-treating usually occurs on the evening of October 31.", "Trick-or-treating __knowledge__ Some homeowners signal that they are willing to hand out treats by putting up Halloween decorations outside their doors; others simply leave treats available on their porches for the children to take freely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ Food irradiation is the process of exposing foodstuffs to ionizing radiation.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ Ionizing radiation is energy that can be transmitted without direct contact to the source of the energy (radiation) capable of freeing electrons from their atomic bonds (ionization) in the targeted food.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ This treatment is used to preserve food, reduce the risk of food borne illness, prevent the spread of invasive pests, and delay or eliminate sprouting or ripening.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ Irradiated food does not become radioactive.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ The radiation can be emitted by a radioactive substance or generated electrically.", "Food irradiation __knowledge__ Irradiation is also used for non-food applications, such as medical devices.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ The nutrition facts label (also known as the nutrition information panel, and other slight variations) is a label required on most packaged food in many countries.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ Updates can be infrequent.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ For example, the United States established rules for Nutrition Facts panel in 1990 and did not revise those rules until 2016.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ Most countries also release overall nutrition guides for general educational purposes.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ In some cases, the guides are based on different dietary targets for various nutrients than the labels on specific foods.", "Nutrition facts label __knowledge__ Australia and New Zealand use a nutritional information panel of the following format: Other items are included as appropriate, and the units may be varied as appropriate (e.g.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture is the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance life.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture by humans dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies; industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture farming has become the dominant agricultural method.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH)C(CHOH) belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It has been in commercial use since 1957.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA is employed to make certain plastics and epoxy resins.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA-based plastic is clear and tough, and is made into a variety of common consumer goods, such as water bottles, sports equipment, CDs, and DVDs.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Epoxy resins containing BPA are used to line water pipes, as coatings on the inside of many food and beverage cans and in making thermal paper such as that used in sales receipts.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ Environmental justice emerged as a concept in the United States in the early 1980s.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ The term has two distinct uses: the first, and more common usage, describes a social movement that focuses on the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, while the other is an interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes theories of the environment and justice, environmental laws and their implementations, environmental policy and planning and governance for development and sustainability, and political ecology.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency defines environmental justice as follows: Environmental justice is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ In the People's Republic of China, the adulteration and contamination of several food and feed ingredients with inexpensive melamine and other compounds, such as cyanuric acid, ammeline and ammelide, are common practice.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ These adulterants can be used to inflate the apparent protein content of products, so that inexpensive ingredients can pass for more expensive, concentrated proteins.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Melamine by itself has not been thought to be very toxic to animals or humans except possibly in very high concentrations, but the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid has been implicated in kidney failure.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Reports that cyanuric acid may be an independently and potentially widely used adulterant in China have heightened concerns for both animal and human health.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program __knowledge__ The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as the Food Stamp Program, provides food-purchasing assistance for low- and no-income people living in the United States.", "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program __knowledge__ It is a federal aid program, administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS), though benefits are distributed by each U.S. state's Division of Social Services or Children and Family Services.", "Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program __knowledge__ SNAP benefits cost $70.9 billion in fiscal year 2016 and supplied roughly 44.2 million Americans (14% of the population) with an average of $125.51 for each person per month in food assistance." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 45, 15 ]

[ "Believe it or not, I haven't had candy in my life - no sweets, no lollies. It was just one of those things my family never had around", "Yes, and sugar is EVERYWHERE. You could call some \"food\" candy, you know? It's how people prepare and treat their food.", "That stuff is bad news. I know *officially* the USDA has determined it \"safe\" in food and beverages -- but there are too many studies that show the ill effects. Not worth it!", "GMOs are tricky -- because of the controversy, I do think they should be labeled so that people can make informed decisions. However, I know lots of farmers, regulators, etc fear that move." ]

[ "Candy", "Candy", "Candy", "Candy" ]

[ "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)\nBattlestar Galactica is a very nice show , Have you seen it?", "The new TV series was co-funded by the UK's Sky Television, 2004.", "No I have not, but I like science fiction drama, Do you like \"Caprica\"?", "America made a lot of great series and movies, that are watched in whole world,.", "So it is about surviving, It is nice to watch some action and fantasy." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" is set in a distant star system, where a civilization of humans lives on a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ In the past, the Colonies had been at war with an android race of their own creation, known as the Cylons.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica is an American science fiction media franchise created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ The franchise began with the original television series in 1978 and was followed by a short-run sequel series (\"Galactica 1980\"), a line of book adaptations, original novels, comic books, a board game, and video games.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ A re-imagined version of \"Battlestar Galactica\" aired as a two-part, three-hour miniseries developed by Ronald D. Moore and David Eick in 2003.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ That miniseries led to a weekly television series, which aired until 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ A prequel series, \"Caprica\", aired in 2010.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ All \"Battlestar Galactica\" productions share the premise that in a distant part of the universe, a human civilization has extended to a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies, to which they have migrated from their ancestral homeworld of Kobol.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" has been adapted to the comic book format since its inception, with no less than six publishers to date taking on the project of relating the story of the Colonial Fleet and their adversaries, the Cylons, at different points.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ The comic book \"Battlestar Galactica\", based on the ABC television series of the same name, was published monthly by Marvel Comics from March 1979 through January 1981, and lasted 23 issues.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ Although there were other attempts to adapt \"Battlestar Galactica\" into a comic book format, the Marvel series is considered by many to have been the most successful in terms of run, sales, and content.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ A number of video games have been released based on the various incarnations of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ Mattel-developed Space Battle for Intellivision and its M-Network counterpart, Space Attack for the Atari VCS/2600 platform, were originally stated to be games based on the Battlestar Galactica series.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ One of Mattel's subsidiaries, Concepts 2000, had the license to produce Battlestar Galactica electronic toys, so it was figured to be a lock that Mattel would get the license to produce the official Battlestar Galactica video game.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ The game was well into development when they discovered Mattel didn't get the license.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of the 2004 TV series \"Battlestar Galactica\" is a body of work largely credited to the composers Bear McCreary and Richard Gibbs.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of \"Battlestar Galactica\" displays a variety of ethnic influences and generally does not conform to the \"orchestral\" style of many science fiction scores.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of \"Battlestar Galactica\" makes use of the technique called \"leitmotif\".", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A leitmotif is a phrase or melodic cell that signifies a character, place, plot element, mood, idea, relationship or other specific part of the story.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ It is commonly used in modern film scoring as a device to mentally anchor certain parts of a film to the soundtrack.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ There have been many appearances of various spacecraft in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica science fiction television series, with the primary means of travel being FTL.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A ship in the refugee fleet.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Named after Adrasteia, in Greek Mythology, was a nymph who was charged by Rhea to raise the infant Zeus in secret to protect him from his father Cronus.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The \"Adriatic\" is one of the few civilian ships in the refugee fleet equipped with weapons.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The ship was armed with at least a battery of ship-to-ship missiles; the reason for its armament was to protect the fleet while the Galactica was off on missions (such as the attack on the tylium asteroid).", "Caprica __knowledge__ Caprica is an American science fiction drama television series.", "Caprica __knowledge__ A spin-off prequel of the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" taking place 58 years before the cataclysmic destruction of the twelve colonies of Kobol, \"Caprica\" shows how humanity first created the robotic Cylons who would later turn against their human masters.", "Caprica __knowledge__ Among \"Caprica\"'s main characters are the father and uncle of William Adama, the man who becomes the senior surviving military leader of the fleet which represents the remnants of the Twelve Colonies in \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Caprica __knowledge__ An extended version of the pilot premiered exclusively on DVD and digital download on April 21, 2009." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" is set in a distant star system, where a civilization of humans lives on a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ In the past, the Colonies had been at war with an android race of their own creation, known as the Cylons.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica is an American science fiction media franchise created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ The franchise began with the original television series in 1978 and was followed by a short-run sequel series (\"Galactica 1980\"), a line of book adaptations, original novels, comic books, a board game, and video games.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ A re-imagined version of \"Battlestar Galactica\" aired as a two-part, three-hour miniseries developed by Ronald D. Moore and David Eick in 2003.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ That miniseries led to a weekly television series, which aired until 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ A prequel series, \"Caprica\", aired in 2010.", "Battlestar Galactica __knowledge__ All \"Battlestar Galactica\" productions share the premise that in a distant part of the universe, a human civilization has extended to a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies, to which they have migrated from their ancestral homeworld of Kobol.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ Sky UK (formerly British Sky Broadcasting Limited, BSkyB and Sky) is a telecommunications company which serves the United Kingdom.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ Sky provides television and broadband internet services, fixed line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the United Kingdom.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ It is the UK's largest pay-TV broadcaster with 11 million customers as of 2015.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ It was the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview in April 2007.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ Its corporate headquarters are in Isleworth.", "Sky UK __knowledge__ Formed in November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, Sky became the UK's largest digital subscription television company.", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ Sky Television plc was a public limited company which operated a nine-channel satellite television service, launched by Rupert Murdoch's News International on 5 February 1989.", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ Sky Television and its rival British Satellite Broadcasting suffered large financial losses and merged on 2 November 1990 to form British Sky Broadcasting (BSkyB).", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ Programming merger took effect on 1 December 1990.", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ Sky Television plc was originally Satellite Television Ltd. (SATV), a consortium set up by Brian Haynes in November 1980.", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ Haynes was a former journalist employed at Thames Television.", "Sky Television plc __knowledge__ In 1979 he produced a documentary for the \"TV Eye\" strand which looked at Ted Turner and his satellite broadcasting operations in the USA from 1970 through the Turner Broadcasting System (now a media conglomerate and subsidiary of Time Warner, subject to acquisition by AT&T).", "Sky Sports __knowledge__ Sky Sports is a group of sports television channels operated by the satellite pay-TV company Sky plc.", "Sky Sports __knowledge__ Sky Sports is the dominant subscription television sports brand in the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "Sky Sports __knowledge__ It has played a major role in the increased commercialisation of British sport since 1991, sometimes playing a large role in inducing organisational changes in the sports it broadcasts, most notably when it encouraged the Premier League to break away from the Football League in 1992.", "Sky Sports __knowledge__ Sky Sports Main Event, Premier League, Football, Cricket, Golf, F1, Action and Arena are available as a premium package on top of the basic Sky package.", "Prime (New Zealand) __knowledge__ Prime is the second privately owned national free-to-air television broadcaster currently available in New Zealand.", "Prime (New Zealand) __knowledge__ The broadcaster airs a varied mix of programming, largely imported from Australia, the UK and the United States, as well as free-to-air rugby union and cricket matches.", "Prime (New Zealand) __knowledge__ It was originally owned by Prime Television Limited in Australia.", "Prime (New Zealand) __knowledge__ Prime later entered into a joint-venture agreement with Nine Entertainment Co. (Nine Network Australia), causing the network's graphics to look like Nine Network.", "Prime (New Zealand) __knowledge__ On 8 February 2006, the Commerce Commission gave Sky Television clearance to purchase the station for NZ$31 million.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ Sky Network Television Limited (branded as SKY) is a New Zealand pay television satellite TV provider.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ It is also a wholesale channel provider to New Zealand cable television provider Vodafone.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ On 30 June 2017, Sky had 705,652 satellite subscribers and 79,936 OTT subscribers, making it the largest pay television platform in New Zealand.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ Despite the similarity of name and services, such as \"Sky Go\" and \"My Sky+\" shared with its British equivalent, Sky, there is no longer any connection between the companies.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ The company was founded by Craig Heatley in 1987 as Sky Media Limited.", "Sky Television (New Zealand) __knowledge__ Sky Media Limited originally formed to investigate the possibility of beaming sports programming into clubs and pubs using high performance 4 metre satellite dishes by Jarvis and an engineering associate Brian Green but was redirected into pay television following successful bidding in 1990 for four groups of UHF frequencies in the Auckland, Hamilton and Tauranga regions.", "Television in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Television in the United Kingdom started in 1936 as a public service which was free of advertising.", "Television in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Currently, the United Kingdom has a collection of free-to-air, free-to-view and subscription services over a variety of distribution media, through which there are over 480 channels for consumers as well as on-demand content.", "Television in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ There are six main channel owners who are responsible for most viewing.", "Television in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ There are 27,000 hours of domestic content produced a year at a cost of £2.6 billion.", "Television in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since 24 October 2012, all television broadcasts in the United Kingdom are in a digital format, following the end of analogue transmissions in Northern Ireland.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" has been adapted to the comic book format since its inception, with no less than six publishers to date taking on the project of relating the story of the Colonial Fleet and their adversaries, the Cylons, at different points.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ The comic book \"Battlestar Galactica\", based on the ABC television series of the same name, was published monthly by Marvel Comics from March 1979 through January 1981, and lasted 23 issues.", "Battlestar Galactica (comics) __knowledge__ Although there were other attempts to adapt \"Battlestar Galactica\" into a comic book format, the Marvel series is considered by many to have been the most successful in terms of run, sales, and content.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ There have been many appearances of various spacecraft in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica science fiction television series, with the primary means of travel being FTL.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A ship in the refugee fleet.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Named after Adrasteia, in Greek Mythology, was a nymph who was charged by Rhea to raise the infant Zeus in secret to protect him from his father Cronus.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The \"Adriatic\" is one of the few civilian ships in the refugee fleet equipped with weapons.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The ship was armed with at least a battery of ship-to-ship missiles; the reason for its armament was to protect the fleet while the Galactica was off on missions (such as the attack on the tylium asteroid).", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ A number of video games have been released based on the various incarnations of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ Mattel-developed Space Battle for Intellivision and its M-Network counterpart, Space Attack for the Atari VCS/2600 platform, were originally stated to be games based on the Battlestar Galactica series.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ One of Mattel's subsidiaries, Concepts 2000, had the license to produce Battlestar Galactica electronic toys, so it was figured to be a lock that Mattel would get the license to produce the official Battlestar Galactica video game.", "List of Battlestar Galactica video games __knowledge__ The game was well into development when they discovered Mattel didn't get the license.", "Battlestar (reimagining) __knowledge__ A battlestar is a battleship/carrier hybrid starship in the reimagined science fiction television series \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Battlestar (reimagining) __knowledge__ The reimagined series' battlestars and the series' other visual effects were designed and created by Zoic Studios for \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Battlestar (reimagining) __knowledge__ The battlestars \"Galactica\", \"Atlantia\", \"Triton\", \"Solaria\" and \"Columbia\" were named in the miniseries; battlestars \"Pegasus\" and \"Valkyrie\" were seen during the subsequent television series.", "Battlestar (reimagining) __knowledge__ Twelve battlestars were built at the start of the first Cylon War, one for each of the Twelve Colonies; \"Galactica\" represented the colony of Caprica.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of the 2004 TV series \"Battlestar Galactica\" is a body of work largely credited to the composers Bear McCreary and Richard Gibbs.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of \"Battlestar Galactica\" displays a variety of ethnic influences and generally does not conform to the \"orchestral\" style of many science fiction scores.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The music of \"Battlestar Galactica\" makes use of the technique called \"leitmotif\".", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A leitmotif is a phrase or melodic cell that signifies a character, place, plot element, mood, idea, relationship or other specific part of the story.", "Music of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ It is commonly used in modern film scoring as a device to mentally anchor certain parts of a film to the soundtrack." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" is set in a distant star system, where a civilization of humans lives on a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ In the past, the Colonies had been at war with an android race of their own creation, known as the Cylons.", "Caprica __knowledge__ Caprica is an American science fiction drama television series.", "Caprica __knowledge__ A spin-off prequel of the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" taking place 58 years before the cataclysmic destruction of the twelve colonies of Kobol, \"Caprica\" shows how humanity first created the robotic Cylons who would later turn against their human masters.", "Caprica __knowledge__ Among \"Caprica\"'s main characters are the father and uncle of William Adama, the man who becomes the senior surviving military leader of the fleet which represents the remnants of the Twelve Colonies in \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Caprica __knowledge__ An extended version of the pilot premiered exclusively on DVD and digital download on April 21, 2009.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Cylons are a fictional artificially-intelligent \"species\" envisioned in the \"Battlestar Galactica\" science fiction series and related franchises.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Originally created to serve human needs like other machines, a series of events involving the transfer of a human's consciousness into a Cylon's neural network led Cylons to evolve into sentient, self-aware beings.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The original Cylons were purely mechanical.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The Cylon was reimagined in the second \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series and its prequel \"Caprica.\"", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The first configurations (Centurions) were robots.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Others were cyborgs whose different configurations incorporated biological elements, including some that were nearly indistinguishable from humans.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Six is a family of fictional characters from the reimagined science fiction television series, \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Canadian actress and model Tricia Helfer.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Of the twelve known Cylon models, she is the sixth of the \"Significant Seven\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Like the others of the \"Significant Seven\", there are several versions of her, including Caprica-Six, Shelly Godfrey, Gina Inviere, Natalie Faust, Lida, and Sonja.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is the only model that does not use one particular human alias for all copies.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The character was named after Number Six, Patrick McGoohan's character from the show \"The Prisoner\".", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ LGBT themes in speculative fiction refer to the incorporation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) themes into science fiction, fantasy, horror fiction and related genres.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Such elements may include an LGBT character as the protagonist or a major character, or explorations of sexuality or gender that deviate from the hetero-normative.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy have traditionally been puritanical genres aimed at a male readership, and can be more restricted than non-genre literature by their conventions of characterisation and the effect that these conventions have on depictions of sexuality and gender.", "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ \"Precipice\" is the second part of the third season premiere and 35th episode of the re-imagined American science fiction drama television series \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The episode was written by re-imagined creator Ronald D. Moore, and directed by Sergio Mimica-Gezzan.", "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ It first aired on October 6, 2006 on the Sci-Fi Channel along with the preceding episode \"Occupation\".", "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ In \"Precipice\", the Cylons respond to the suicide attack in the previous episode by rounding up several civilians believed to be affiliated with the resistance, and later decide to have them executed.", "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Meanwhile, \"Galactica\" is to send a squadron to meet with the resistance on New Caprica.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Dr. Gaius Baltar is a fictional character in the TV series \"Battlestar Galactica\" played by James Callis, a reimagining of Count Baltar from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He is one of the show's primary characters.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Gaius Baltar regularly uses a well-developed acting talent to spin yarns on virtually any subject when he feels the need.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He possesses a dry, cynical sense of humour but is prone to bouts of neurosis.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ A charismatic genius and womanizer, he is initially portrayed as a self-serving opportunist, but becomes a braver and more caring character over the course of the series, expressing regret for having been \"a profoundly selfish man.\"", "William Adama __knowledge__ William \"Bill\" Adama (callsign \"Husker\") is a fictional character portrayed by Edward James Olmos in the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series produced and aired by the SyFy cable network.", "William Adama __knowledge__ He is one of the main characters, a reimagining of Commander Adama from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series played by Lorne Greene.", "William Adama __knowledge__ In the \"Caprica\" spinoff series, Markus Towfigh plays William \"Bill\" Adama as a young boy.", "William Adama __knowledge__ Adama was born on Caprica, the son of Joseph Adama (a civil liberties lawyer and previously a lawyer for the Ha'la'tha, the Tauron resistance movement turned mob) and Joseph's second wife, Evelyn Adama (an accountant).", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Eight is a female humanoid Cylon model on the television series \"Battlestar Galactica\", a reimagining of the classic show of the same name.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Grace Park.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Two prominent Number Eight copies serving as \"Galactica\" pilots are Sharon Valerii and Sharon Agathon, using the call signs \"Boomer\" and \"Athena\", respectively.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Cylon models Six and Eight are the most common in the series.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Many Number Eight copies have been seen in various roles, including leadership positions; two are featured as central characters — Boomer and Athena.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Lieutenant Junior Grade Sharon \"Boomer\" Valerii is a Cylon sleeper agent programmed to believe she is human.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ \"Downloaded\" is the eighteenth episode of the second season of the reimagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on February 24, 2006.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The episode takes place alongside the rest of the re-imagined series, with 49,579 human survivors left in the Fleet.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The episode primarily details the lives of two specific Cylon models after their apparent destruction who were declared Cylon heroes.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ One model is \"Caprica-Six\", the copy of Number Six who was responsible for disabling the Colonial defense system prior to the events of the miniseries.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The other model is Sharon \"Boomer\" Valerii, a sleeper agent who was a member of the crew of \"Galactica\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" is set in a distant star system, where a civilization of humans lives on a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ In the past, the Colonies had been at war with an android race of their own creation, known as the Cylons.", "Until the Whole World Hears (song) __knowledge__ \"Until the Whole World Hears\" is a song by Christian rock band Casting Crowns.", "Until the Whole World Hears (song) __knowledge__ Written by Mark Hall, Bernie Herms, Jason McArthur and Roger Glidewell and produced by Mark A. Miller, it was released as a digital download on August 20, 2009 and to Christian radio on August 29, 2009 as the lead single from the band's 2009 album of the same title.", "Until the Whole World Hears (song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Until the Whole World Hears\" is an arena rock song with a crunchy guitar lick accompanied by blasting guitar chords and the \"throaty growl\" of Mark Hall's vocals.", "Until the Whole World Hears (song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, it revolves around speaking the truth into a culture that doesn't want to hear it.", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Popes Pius XI (1922–39) and Pius XII (1939–58) led the Roman Catholic Church through the rise and fall of Nazi Germany.", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Around a third of Germans were Catholic in the 1930s.", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany __knowledge__ The Church in Germany had spoken against the rise of Nazism, but the Catholic aligned Centre Party capitulated in 1933 and was banned.", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Adolf Hitler and several key Nazis had been raised Catholic, but became hostile to the Church in adulthood.", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany __knowledge__ While Article 24 of the NSDAP party platform called for conditional toleration of Christian denominations and the 1933 \"Reichskonkordat\" treaty with the Vatican purported to guarantee religious freedom for Catholics, the Nazis were essentially hostile to Christianity and the Catholic Church faced persecution in Nazi Germany.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ Until the Whole World Hears is the fourth studio album by American Christian rock band Casting Crowns.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ Released on November 27, 2009, the album was produced by Mark.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ A Miller and features a sound that has been described as 'pure American rock', 'soft adult contemporary', and 'CCM'.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ Lyrically, the album discusses Christian subjects such as God, Jesus, and salvation, with several songs being reinventions of classic hymns.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ \"Until the Whole World Hears\" sold over 167,000 copies in its first week, Casting Crowns' highest sales week to date, and debuted at No.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ 4 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and at No.", "Until the Whole World Hears __knowledge__ 1 on the \"Billboard\" Christian Albums chart.", "Whole World Theatre __knowledge__ The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Whole World Theatre __knowledge__ Whole World Theatre (WWT) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta, Georgia in late 1993, when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town.", "Whole World Theatre __knowledge__ Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members.", "Whole World Theatre __knowledge__ The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994.", "Whole World Theatre __knowledge__ Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works, and using a unique approach to improv, which put more emphasis on acting, character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs, Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as, \"Blood Bath Bingo\" and \"Pimps, Queens, and Dope Fiends\".", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Caprica __knowledge__ Caprica is an American science fiction drama television series.", "Caprica __knowledge__ A spin-off prequel of the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" taking place 58 years before the cataclysmic destruction of the twelve colonies of Kobol, \"Caprica\" shows how humanity first created the robotic Cylons who would later turn against their human masters.", "Caprica __knowledge__ Among \"Caprica\"'s main characters are the father and uncle of William Adama, the man who becomes the senior surviving military leader of the fleet which represents the remnants of the Twelve Colonies in \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Caprica __knowledge__ An extended version of the pilot premiered exclusively on DVD and digital download on April 21, 2009.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Cylons are a fictional artificially-intelligent \"species\" envisioned in the \"Battlestar Galactica\" science fiction series and related franchises.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Originally created to serve human needs like other machines, a series of events involving the transfer of a human's consciousness into a Cylon's neural network led Cylons to evolve into sentient, self-aware beings.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The original Cylons were purely mechanical.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The Cylon was reimagined in the second \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series and its prequel \"Caprica.\"", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The first configurations (Centurions) were robots.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Others were cyborgs whose different configurations incorporated biological elements, including some that were nearly indistinguishable from humans.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Six is a family of fictional characters from the reimagined science fiction television series, \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Canadian actress and model Tricia Helfer.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Of the twelve known Cylon models, she is the sixth of the \"Significant Seven\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Like the others of the \"Significant Seven\", there are several versions of her, including Caprica-Six, Shelly Godfrey, Gina Inviere, Natalie Faust, Lida, and Sonja.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is the only model that does not use one particular human alias for all copies.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The character was named after Number Six, Patrick McGoohan's character from the show \"The Prisoner\".", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Dr. Gaius Baltar is a fictional character in the TV series \"Battlestar Galactica\" played by James Callis, a reimagining of Count Baltar from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He is one of the show's primary characters.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Gaius Baltar regularly uses a well-developed acting talent to spin yarns on virtually any subject when he feels the need.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He possesses a dry, cynical sense of humour but is prone to bouts of neurosis.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ A charismatic genius and womanizer, he is initially portrayed as a self-serving opportunist, but becomes a braver and more caring character over the course of the series, expressing regret for having been \"a profoundly selfish man.\"", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ \"Downloaded\" is the eighteenth episode of the second season of the reimagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on February 24, 2006.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The episode takes place alongside the rest of the re-imagined series, with 49,579 human survivors left in the Fleet.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The episode primarily details the lives of two specific Cylon models after their apparent destruction who were declared Cylon heroes.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ One model is \"Caprica-Six\", the copy of Number Six who was responsible for disabling the Colonial defense system prior to the events of the miniseries.", "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The other model is Sharon \"Boomer\" Valerii, a sleeper agent who was a member of the crew of \"Galactica\".", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Eight is a female humanoid Cylon model on the television series \"Battlestar Galactica\", a reimagining of the classic show of the same name.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Grace Park.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Two prominent Number Eight copies serving as \"Galactica\" pilots are Sharon Valerii and Sharon Agathon, using the call signs \"Boomer\" and \"Athena\", respectively.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Cylon models Six and Eight are the most common in the series.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Many Number Eight copies have been seen in various roles, including leadership positions; two are featured as central characters — Boomer and Athena.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Lieutenant Junior Grade Sharon \"Boomer\" Valerii is a Cylon sleeper agent programmed to believe she is human.", "William Adama __knowledge__ William \"Bill\" Adama (callsign \"Husker\") is a fictional character portrayed by Edward James Olmos in the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series produced and aired by the SyFy cable network.", "William Adama __knowledge__ He is one of the main characters, a reimagining of Commander Adama from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series played by Lorne Greene.", "William Adama __knowledge__ In the \"Caprica\" spinoff series, Markus Towfigh plays William \"Bill\" Adama as a young boy.", "William Adama __knowledge__ Adama was born on Caprica, the son of Joseph Adama (a civil liberties lawyer and previously a lawyer for the Ha'la'tha, the Tauron resistance movement turned mob) and Joseph's second wife, Evelyn Adama (an accountant)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ \"Battlestar Galactica\" is set in a distant star system, where a civilization of humans lives on a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ In the past, the Colonies had been at war with an android race of their own creation, known as the Cylons.", "Final Fantasy VI __knowledge__ Final Fantasy VI, also known as Final Fantasy III for its initial North American release, is a role-playing video game developed and published by Square for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Final Fantasy VI __knowledge__ Released in 1994, it is the sixth title in the mainline \"Final Fantasy\" series (and the last to use sprite based 2-D graphics).", "Final Fantasy VI __knowledge__ Set in a fantasy world with a technology level equivalent to that of the Second Industrial Revolution, the game's story focuses on a group of rebels as they seek to overthrow an imperial dictatorship.", "Final Fantasy VI __knowledge__ The game features fourteen permanent playable characters, the most of any game in the main series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children __knowledge__ Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children is a 2005 Japanese computer-animated science fantasy film directed by Tetsuya Nomura, written by Kazushige Nojima, and produced by Yoshinori Kitase and Shinji Hashimoto.", "Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children __knowledge__ Developed by Visual Works and Square Enix, \"Advent Children\" is part of the \"Compilation of Final Fantasy VII\" series of media, which is based in the world and continuity of the highly successful 1997 role-playing video game \"Final Fantasy VII\".", "Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children __knowledge__ \"Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children\" was released on DVD and Universal Media Discs with Japanese voice acting in Japan on September 14, 2005, and on April 25, 2006, with English voice acting in North America and Europe.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Eastern role-playing video games are role-playing video games developed in East Asia.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Most Eastern role-playing games are Japanese role-playing games (JRPG), developed in Japan.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Role-playing games are also developed in South Korea and in China.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ While the Japanese video game industry has long been viewed as console-centric in the Western world, due to the worldwide success of Japanese consoles beginning with the NES, the country had in fact produced thousands of commercial personal computer games from the late 1970s up until the mid-1990s, in addition to \"dōjin soft\" independent games.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ The country's computer market was very fragmented at first; \"Lode Runner\", for example, reportedly required 34 conversions to different hardware platforms.", "Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series __knowledge__ \"Final Fantasy\" is a media franchise created by Hironobu Sakaguchi, and developed and owned by Square Enix (formerly Square).", "Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series __knowledge__ The franchise centers on a series of fantasy and science fantasy role-playing video games (RPGs).", "Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series __knowledge__ The eponymous first game in the series, published in 1987, was conceived by Sakaguchi as his last-ditch effort in the game industry; the title was a success and spawned sequels.", "Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series __knowledge__ While most entries in the series are separate from each other, they have recurring elements carrying over between entries: these include plot themes and motifs, gameplay mechanics such as the Active Time Battle (ATB) system, and signature character designs from the likes of Yoshitaka Amano and Tetsuya Nomura.", "Characters of the Final Fantasy XIII series __knowledge__ \"Final Fantasy XIII\" - a role-playing game released by Square Enix in 2009 - revolves around the struggles of a group of humans over a predestined fate.", "Characters of the Final Fantasy XIII series __knowledge__ The game's two sequels, \"Final Fantasy XIII-2\" and \"\", build on the first game's story and mythos.", "Characters of the Final Fantasy XIII series __knowledge__ In video game publications and among the staff at Square Enix, the three games have come to be referred to as the \"Lightning Saga\", and the core concepts they contain are drawn from the mythos of the \"Fabula Nova Crystallis\" subseries.", "Characters of the Final Fantasy XIII series __knowledge__ The visuals of the original characters were designed by Tetsuya Nomura and Nao Ikeda, while many later characters were created by other designers, including Hideo Minaba, Yusuke Naora and Toshiyuki Itahana.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Set in the fantasy world of Spira, the game's story revolves around a group of adventurers and their quest to defeat a rampaging monster known as Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ The player character is Tidus, a star athlete in the fictional sport of blitzball, who finds himself in the world Spira after his home city of Zanarkand is destroyed by Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Shortly after arriving to Spira, Tidus joins the summoner Yuna on her pilgrimage to destroy Sin.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ Development of \"Final Fantasy X\" began in 1999, with a budget of more than US$32.3 million (US$ million in dollars) and a team of more than 100 people.", "Final Fantasy X __knowledge__ The game was the first in the main series not entirely scored by Nobuo Uematsu; Masashi Hamauzu and Junya Nakano were signed as Uematsu's fellow composers.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Cylons are a fictional artificially-intelligent \"species\" envisioned in the \"Battlestar Galactica\" science fiction series and related franchises.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Originally created to serve human needs like other machines, a series of events involving the transfer of a human's consciousness into a Cylon's neural network led Cylons to evolve into sentient, self-aware beings.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The original Cylons were purely mechanical.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The Cylon was reimagined in the second \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series and its prequel \"Caprica.\"", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ The first configurations (Centurions) were robots.", "Cylon (reimagining) __knowledge__ Others were cyborgs whose different configurations incorporated biological elements, including some that were nearly indistinguishable from humans.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Six is a family of fictional characters from the reimagined science fiction television series, \"Battlestar Galactica\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Canadian actress and model Tricia Helfer.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Of the twelve known Cylon models, she is the sixth of the \"Significant Seven\".", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Like the others of the \"Significant Seven\", there are several versions of her, including Caprica-Six, Shelly Godfrey, Gina Inviere, Natalie Faust, Lida, and Sonja.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is the only model that does not use one particular human alias for all copies.", "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ The character was named after Number Six, Patrick McGoohan's character from the show \"The Prisoner\".", "William Adama __knowledge__ William \"Bill\" Adama (callsign \"Husker\") is a fictional character portrayed by Edward James Olmos in the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series produced and aired by the SyFy cable network.", "William Adama __knowledge__ He is one of the main characters, a reimagining of Commander Adama from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series played by Lorne Greene.", "William Adama __knowledge__ In the \"Caprica\" spinoff series, Markus Towfigh plays William \"Bill\" Adama as a young boy.", "William Adama __knowledge__ Adama was born on Caprica, the son of Joseph Adama (a civil liberties lawyer and previously a lawyer for the Ha'la'tha, the Tauron resistance movement turned mob) and Joseph's second wife, Evelyn Adama (an accountant).", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Dr. Gaius Baltar is a fictional character in the TV series \"Battlestar Galactica\" played by James Callis, a reimagining of Count Baltar from the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" series.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He is one of the show's primary characters.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ Gaius Baltar regularly uses a well-developed acting talent to spin yarns on virtually any subject when he feels the need.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ He possesses a dry, cynical sense of humour but is prone to bouts of neurosis.", "Gaius Baltar __knowledge__ A charismatic genius and womanizer, he is initially portrayed as a self-serving opportunist, but becomes a braver and more caring character over the course of the series, expressing regret for having been \"a profoundly selfish man.\"", "Destruction of the Twelve Colonies __knowledge__ The Destruction of the Twelve Colonies is a fictitious interstellar holocaust first depicted in the 1978 motion picture \"Battlestar Galactica\", which set the stage for the subsequent television series.", "Destruction of the Twelve Colonies __knowledge__ It is also the main premise for the 2003 miniseries re-imagining, which also spawned a television series.", "Destruction of the Twelve Colonies __knowledge__ In the 148-minute pilot film, it is established that at the end of the Thousand Yahren War, the Cylon Alliance sue for peace through Colonial representative Count Baltar with the Twelve Colonies of Man.", "Destruction of the Twelve Colonies __knowledge__ Humanity lived on twelve colony worlds in a distant star system.", "Destruction of the Twelve Colonies __knowledge__ They fought a thousand-year war with the Cylons, warrior robots created by a reptilian race which expired long ago, presumably destroyed by their own creations.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Number Eight is a female humanoid Cylon model on the television series \"Battlestar Galactica\", a reimagining of the classic show of the same name.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Grace Park.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Two prominent Number Eight copies serving as \"Galactica\" pilots are Sharon Valerii and Sharon Agathon, using the call signs \"Boomer\" and \"Athena\", respectively.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Cylon models Six and Eight are the most common in the series.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Many Number Eight copies have been seen in various roles, including leadership positions; two are featured as central characters — Boomer and Athena.", "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica) __knowledge__ Lieutenant Junior Grade Sharon \"Boomer\" Valerii is a Cylon sleeper agent programmed to believe she is human.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ There have been many appearances of various spacecraft in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica science fiction television series, with the primary means of travel being FTL.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ A ship in the refugee fleet.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Named after Adrasteia, in Greek Mythology, was a nymph who was charged by Rhea to raise the infant Zeus in secret to protect him from his father Cronus.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The \"Adriatic\" is one of the few civilian ships in the refugee fleet equipped with weapons.", "List of spacecraft in Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The ship was armed with at least a battery of ship-to-ship missiles; the reason for its armament was to protect the fleet while the Galactica was off on missions (such as the attack on the tylium asteroid)." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 7, 41, 65 ]

[ "Do you mean the original Battlestar Galactica American television series, or the 2004 reimagining?", "Did you also see the prequel \"Caprica\", that aired in 2010?", "Caprica was interesting. It was a spin off and made in America", "In Caprica, they showed how humans created the Cylons who later turned against humanity.", "Of course, in the original 1978 movie, the cylons were supposed to have been created by a reprilian race long ago, which the cylons then destroyed, so the stories are not consistent." ]

[ "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)" ]

[ "Healthy diet", "Health is very important. I need to start watching what I eat more.", "Energy and human health is absolutely essential for being in peak condition and performance." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet is one that helps to maintain or improve overall health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, adequate amino acids from protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, fibre and adequate calories.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods, although a non-animal source of vitamin B12 is needed for those following a vegan diet.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming more calories than the body requires.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet, in addition to exercise, is thought to be important for lowering health risks, such as obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cancer.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Various nutrition guides are published by medical and governmental institutions to educate individuals on what they should be eating to promote health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Nutrition facts labels are also mandatory in some countries to allow consumers to choose between foods based on the components relevant to health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The idea of dietary therapy (using dietary choices to maintain health and improve poor health) is quite old and thus has both modern scientific forms (medical nutrition therapy) and prescientific forms (such as dietary therapy in traditional Chinese medicine)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet is one that helps to maintain or improve overall health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, adequate amino acids from protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, fibre and adequate calories.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods, although a non-animal source of vitamin B12 is needed for those following a vegan diet.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming more calories than the body requires.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet, in addition to exercise, is thought to be important for lowering health risks, such as obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cancer.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Various nutrition guides are published by medical and governmental institutions to educate individuals on what they should be eating to promote health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Nutrition facts labels are also mandatory in some countries to allow consumers to choose between foods based on the components relevant to health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The idea of dietary therapy (using dietary choices to maintain health and improve poor health) is quite old and thus has both modern scientific forms (medical nutrition therapy) and prescientific forms (such as dietary therapy in traditional Chinese medicine).", "Waspinator __knowledge__ Waspinator is the name of four fictional characters from the Transformers franchise.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ He is sometimes called Wasp.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ The original Waspinator was voiced by Scott McNeil in the \"\" animated series.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ Waspinator, later called Thrust, is best remembered for being the universe's whipping boy: getting destroyed or demolished in almost every episode of \"Beast Wars\", yet returning in almost perfect condition in the very next episode.", "Waspinator __knowledge__ He is also dim-witted, talks in a broken third-person speech pattern, often referring to other characters, except Megatron, Optimus Primal, and himself, (however when Megatron became a dragon, Waspinator referred to him as \"Dragon-Bot\") by names that reflected their transformation modes instead of their true names (example: referring to Silverbolt as \"Doggy-Bot\") and spent most of the series as an underdog, causing him to take constant abuse from Maximal and Predacon alike (thus summing up Waspinator's most well-known line \"\"Why universe hate Waspinator?!\"\")", "Predacon __knowledge__ The Predacons are usually depicted as antagonists in the fictional universes of the \"Transformers\" storyline and related comics and cartoons.", "Predacon __knowledge__ Usually, they have a relation to the Decepticons, the more prominent antagonists of the series, be they a subgroup, their successors, or even their creators.", "Predacon __knowledge__ They are the enemies of the Maximals and even sometimes their predecessors, the Autobots, depending on the continuity.", "Predacon __knowledge__ The villains take many forms, and have many different origins and stories across the numerous different Transformers media, but in almost all incarnations, they are led by a character who is either Megatron (the original or an entirely separate character who took his name), or Predaking, an ancient Predacon leader.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Beast Machines: Transformers is an American-Canadian animated television series produced by Mainframe Entertainment.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Hasbro has the full distribution rights to the show as of 2011.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ It was a direct sequel to \"\", taking place within the continuity of the original .", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ The show ran for two seasons, airing on YTV and Fox Kids from 1999 to 2000.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Of the Transformers animated series produced in North America, \"Beast Machines\" was the only one to have been completely conceptualized and outlined in advance, lending it a more serialized and linear storyline than the others.", "Beast Machines: Transformers __knowledge__ Prior to \"\" in 2010, Beast Machines was also the last, and second only entirely computer-animated Transformers series produced, along with its predecessor Beast Wars.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Mirage is the name of several fictional characters from the \"Transformers\" series.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Mirage is one of the most re-used names in the Transformers series, and is almost entirely synonymous with characters possessing Formula One racing car alternate modes.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ The first Mirage was introduced in 1984 as an Autobot spy.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ Some might say that Mirage (Ligier in Japan, Mistero in Italy, Miragem in Portugal) was created with a silver sparkplug in his mouth.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ On Cybertron, he was one of the planet’s elite upper class, preferring to spend his days hunting turbo-foxes instead of involving himself in conflict.", "Mirage (Transformers) __knowledge__ When that became unavoidable, Mirage enlisted with the Autobot forces, although he is often unsure about his motivations for doing so, which leaves his fellow Autobots finding it hard to trust him – a problem not helped by the fact that Mirage can rarely hide that he is often unwilling to fight directly, or his contempt for the “commoners” he is now forced to interact with.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Advertising to children is the act of marketing or [advertising] products or services to children as defined by national legislation and advertising standards.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ It is often the subject of debate, relating to the alleged influence on children’s consumption.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Laws concerning such advertisements have largely evolved in recent years.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In most countries, advertising for children is framed by a mix of legislation and advertising self-regulation.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, the compulsory education of children was established.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Consequently, children began to be targeted by an increasing number of publications.Commercial appeals to children, however, did not become commonplace until the advent and widespread adoption of television and grew exponentially with the advent of cable television.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ This is a list of activities carried out by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency in Indonesia.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ Prior to WWII, Indonesia had been one of the most lucrative colonies for the Netherlands.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ The Dutch took control of the islands in the early 17th century and called it the Dutch East Indies.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ The Dutch held control over Indonesia's vast natural resources until 1942, when the Japanese took control of the region.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ The Japanese controlled the region until 1945.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ In 1945, the Indonesians declared their independence from the Japanese empire.", "CIA activities in Indonesia __knowledge__ It took four years of rebellion and negotiations with the United Nations before the Netherlands finally recognized the independent status of Indonesia.", "Rasa Troup __knowledge__ Rasa Troup (née Michniovaitė) (born March 1, 1977) is a Lithuanian steeplechase runner.", "Rasa Troup __knowledge__ She represented Lithuania at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and competed in the inaugural women's 3000 m steeplechase.", "Rasa Troup __knowledge__ She is also a registered and licensed dietitian, specializing in health and nutrition, and a full-fledged member of the American Dietetic Association (ADA).", "Rasa Troup __knowledge__ Born and raised in Vilnius from a highly sports-minded family, Troup started out her athletic career as a middle-distance runner, and had won several titles in national junior championships for both indoor and outdoor competitions.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The Paleolithic diet (also called the paleo diet, caveman diet or stone-age diet) is a modern fad diet requiring the sole or predominant consumption of foods presumed to have been the only foods available or consumed by humans during the Paleolithic era.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The digestive abilities of anatomically modern humans, however, are different from those of Paleolithic humans, which undermines the diet's core premise.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ During the 2.6-million-year-long Paleolithic era, the highly variable climate and worldwide spread of human populations meant that humans were, by necessity, nutritionally adaptable.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ Supporters of the diet mistakenly presuppose that human digestion has remained essentially unchanged over time.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ Miklós Mitrovits (born 2 April 1978.)", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ historian, polonist, scientific researcher.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ Associate Research Fellow at the Institute of History, Research Centre for the Humanities of Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ Member of public body of the Hungarian Academy of Science.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ He was graduated from the History Studies of Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest and parallel with his M.A.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ studies he completed specialization courses in Historical Russistics and Modern Sovietology.", "Miklós Mitrovits __knowledge__ In 2009 he was granted his Ph.D. with summa cum laude at the 19th and 20th Century Eastern European History Doctoral School.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet is one that helps to maintain or improve overall health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, adequate amino acids from protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, fibre and adequate calories.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods, although a non-animal source of vitamin B12 is needed for those following a vegan diet.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming more calories than the body requires.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet, in addition to exercise, is thought to be important for lowering health risks, such as obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cancer.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Various nutrition guides are published by medical and governmental institutions to educate individuals on what they should be eating to promote health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ Nutrition facts labels are also mandatory in some countries to allow consumers to choose between foods based on the components relevant to health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The idea of dietary therapy (using dietary choices to maintain health and improve poor health) is quite old and thus has both modern scientific forms (medical nutrition therapy) and prescientific forms (such as dietary therapy in traditional Chinese medicine).", "Essential gene __knowledge__ Essential genes are those genes of an organism that are thought to be critical for its survival.", "Essential gene __knowledge__ However, being \"essential\" is highly dependent on the circumstances in which an organism lives.", "Essential gene __knowledge__ For instance, a gene required to digest starch is only essential if starch is the only source of energy.", "Essential gene __knowledge__ Recently, systematic attempts have been made to identify those genes that are absolutely required to maintain life, provided that all nutrients are available.", "Essential gene __knowledge__ Such experiments have led to the conclusion that the absolutely required number of genes for bacteria is on the order of about 250-300.", "Essential gene __knowledge__ These essential genes encode proteins to maintain a central metabolism, replicate DNA, translate genes into proteins, maintain a basic cellular structure, and mediate transport processes into and out of the cell.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is a United States law, passed by the United States Congress in 1976 and administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, that regulates the introduction of new or already existing chemicals.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ When the TSCA was put into place, all existing chemicals were considered to be safe for use and subsequently grandfathered in.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ Its three main objectives are to assess and regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate chemicals already existing in 1976 that posed an \"unreasonable risk to health or to the environment\", as for example PCB's, lead, mercury and radon, and to regulate these chemicals' distribution and use.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "EPA Sustainability __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in July 1970 when the White House and the United States Congress came together due to the public's demand for cleaner natural resources.", "EPA Sustainability __knowledge__ The purpose of the EPA is to repair the damage done to the environment and to set up new criteria to allow Americans to make a clean environment a reality.", "EPA Sustainability __knowledge__ The ultimate goal of the EPA is to protect human health and the environment.", "EPA Sustainability __knowledge__ Since the 1980s sustainability has become a term used in reference to environmental and human issues.", "EPA Sustainability __knowledge__ Sustainability is typically defined as, the ability of current generations to meet their own needs without compromising the needs of future generations.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ Environmental justice emerged as a concept in the United States in the early 1980s.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ The term has two distinct uses: the first, and more common usage, describes a social movement that focuses on the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, while the other is an interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes theories of the environment and justice, environmental laws and their implementations, environmental policy and planning and governance for development and sustainability, and political ecology.", "Environmental justice __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency defines environmental justice as follows: Environmental justice is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Hugh Macdonald Sinclair __knowledge__ Hugh Macdonald Sinclair, FRCP (4 February 1910 – 22 June 1990) was a doctor, medical researcher, and expert in human nutrition.", "Hugh Macdonald Sinclair __knowledge__ He is most widely known for claiming that what he called \"diseases of civilization\" such as coronary heart disease, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, strokes and skin disease are worsened by \"bad fats\".", "Hugh Macdonald Sinclair __knowledge__ Hugh Macdonald Sinclair was the third of the four children of Colonel Hugh Montgomerie Sinclair and Rosalie Sybil Jackson.", "Hugh Macdonald Sinclair __knowledge__ Through his father, he was descended from the Viking monarch of Finland, Woldonius, and the St Clair cousins of William the Conqueror.", "Hugh Macdonald Sinclair __knowledge__ His great grandfather was the Rt.", "History of military nutrition in the United States __knowledge__ Based on advances in food research technology, and methodologies for the improvement of U.S. Military soldiers’ overall health and nutritional status, the History of military nutrition in the United States can be roughly divided into seven historical eras, from the founding of the country to the present day.", "History of military nutrition in the United States __knowledge__ Through the research and guidance of medical and military professionals, rations and packaging have been consistently and dramatically improved.", "History of military nutrition in the United States __knowledge__ The first formal institution for US military nutrition research was created in 1917, when the Surgeon-General’s office established a Food Division for “safeguarding the nutritional interests of the Army.\"", "Dietitian __knowledge__ A dietitian (or dietician) is an expert in dietetics; that is, human nutrition and the regulation of diet.", "Dietitian __knowledge__ A dietitian alters their patient's nutrition based upon their medical condition and individual needs.", "Dietitian __knowledge__ Dietitians are regulated healthcare professionals licensed to assess, diagnose, and treat nutritional problems.", "Dietitian __knowledge__ A registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) is a dietitian who meets all of a set of special academic and professional requirements, including the completion of a bachelor's degree with an accredited nutrition curriculum, an internship at an approved health-care facility, foodservice organization, or community agency, and satisfactory performance on a registration exam." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 7 ]

[ "I will give more important to health. Health diet helps to maintain the health", "Health diet is more important it supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition", "Yes buddy, Nutrition facts labels are also mandatory in some countries" ]

[ "Healthy diet", "Healthy diet", "Healthy diet" ]

[ "Nursing\nI worked as a nurse for many years, but not any more.", "Yes the ability to care for others in need drew me into the profession. Are you involved in the medical profession by any chance?", "Oh wow that's cool, in what context did you study them?", "Oh wow I had no idea! Are you big into studying history? I'm not much for history myself." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses practice in many specialties with differing levels of prescription authority.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has shaped the public image of nurses as care providers.", "Nursing __knowledge__ However, nurse practitioners are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the United States and the United Kingdom, advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 12 January 1999 on BBC One.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ The series was created by Tony McHale and Mal Young as a spin-off from the established BBC medical drama \"Casualty\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ It is set in the same hospital as \"Casualty\", Holby General, in the fictional city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with both \"Casualty\" (in episodes broadcast as \"Casualty@Holby City\") and the show's 2007 police procedural spin-off \"HolbyBlue\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" follows the professional and personal lives of surgeons, nurses, other medical and ancillary staff and patients at Holby General.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ Seymour MacDonald Nurse (born 10 November 1933) is a Barbadian former cricketer.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ Nurse played 29 Test matches for the West Indies between 1960 and 1969.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ A powerfully built right-hand batsman and an aggressive, if somewhat impetuous, shotmaker, Nurse preferred to bat in the middle order but was often asked to open the batting.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ A relative latecomer to high-level cricket, Nurse's Test cricket career came to what many consider a premature end in 1969.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ A member of the famous Empire Cricket Club, Nurse's cricketing mentor was club-mate Everton Weekes.", "Seymour Nurse __knowledge__ He made his first-class cricket debut for Barbados in 1958.", "Jon Nurse __knowledge__ Jonathan David \"Jon\" Nurse (born 28 March 1981) is a Barbadian footballer who is currently first-team coach at Metropolitan Police.", "Jon Nurse __knowledge__ Nurse began his career at Sutton United in 2003, spending a season with the club before signing for Stevenage Borough ahead of the 2004–05 campaign.", "Jon Nurse __knowledge__ During the season, he was loaned out to Conference South team Lewes, before returning to his parent club and being part of the side that narrowly missed out on promotion to the Football League.", "Jon Nurse __knowledge__ He spent two further seasons at Stevenage, winning the FA Trophy during the 2006–07 season.", "Jon Nurse __knowledge__ At the start of that season, Nurse was briefly being loaned out to Woking.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Licensed practical nurse __knowledge__ A licensed practical nurse (LPN) in much of the United States, and most Canadian provinces is a nurse who cares for people who are sick, injured, convalescent, or disabled.", "Licensed practical nurse __knowledge__ LPNs work under the direction of registered nurses or physicians.", "Licensed practical nurse __knowledge__ In the United States however, California and Texas refer to them as a licensed vocational nurse (LVN).", "Licensed practical nurse __knowledge__ Equivalent professions outside the United States are \"registered practical nurse\" (RPNs) in the Canadian province of Ontario, \"enrolled nurses\" (ENs) or \"Division 2 nurses\" in Australia, Hong Kong and New Zealand, and formerly \"state enrolled nurses\" (SENs) in the United Kingdom." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses practice in many specialties with differing levels of prescription authority.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has shaped the public image of nurses as care providers.", "Nursing __knowledge__ However, nurse practitioners are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the United States and the United Kingdom, advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The political positions of Ron Paul (L-TX), United States presidential candidate in 1988, 2008, and 2012, are generally described as libertarian, but have also been labeled conservative and constitutionalist.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ and Paul's nickname \"Dr. No\" reflects both his medical degree and his assertion that he will \"never vote for legislation unless the proposed measure is expressly authorized by the Constitution\".", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ This position has frequently resulted in Paul casting the sole \"no\" vote against proposed legislation.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The central tenet of Paul's political philosophy is that \"the proper role for government in America is to provide national defense, a court system for civil disputes, a criminal justice system for acts of force and fraud, and little else.\"", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ The General Medical Council (GMC) is a public body that maintains the official register of medical practitioners within the United Kingdom.", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ Its chief responsibility is ‘to protect, promote and maintain the health and safety of the public’ by controlling entry to the register, and suspending or removing members when necessary.", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ It also sets the standards for medical schools in the UK.", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ Membership of the register confers substantial privileges under Part VI of the Medical Act 1983.", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ It is a criminal offence to make a false claim of membership.", "General Medical Council __knowledge__ The GMC is supported by fees paid by its members, and it became a registered charity in 2001.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ Throughout its history chiropractic has been the subject of internal and external controversy and criticism.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ According to magnetic healer Daniel D. Palmer, the founder of chiropractic, \"vertebral subluxation\" was the sole cause of all diseases and manipulation was the cure for all diseases of the human race.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A 2003 profession-wide survey found \"most chiropractors (whether 'straights' or 'mixers') still hold views of Innate Intelligence and of the cause and cure of disease (not just back pain) consistent with those of the Palmers.\"", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A critical evaluation stated \"Chiropractic is rooted in mystical concepts.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values to the practice of clinical medicine and in scientific research.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ These values include the respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Such tenets may allow doctors, care providers, and families to create a treatment plan and work towards the same common goal without any conflict.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ It is important to note that these four values are non-hierarchical, meaning no one principle routinely “trumps” another.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty refers to poverty found in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and rural political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty is often discussed in conjunction with spatial inequality, which in this context refers to the inequality between urban and rural areas.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Both rural poverty and spatial inequality are global phenomena, but like poverty in general, there are higher rates of rural poverty in developing countries than in developed countries.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Eradicating rural poverty through effective policies and economic growth remains a challenge for the international community The first target of the Millennium Development Goals was to decrease the extent of extreme poverty by one-half by the year 2015, which could not be achieved.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ The word \"nurse\" originally came from the Latin word \"nutrire\", meaning to suckle, referring to a wet-nurse; only in the late 16th century did it attain its modern meaning of a person who cares for the infirm.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ From the earliest times most cultures produced a stream of nurses dedicated to service on religious principles.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ Both Christendom and the Muslim World generated a stream of dedicated nurses from their earliest days.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ In Europe before the foundation of modern nursing, Catholic nuns and the military often provided nursing-like services.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ It took until the 20th century for nursing to become a secular profession.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ Psychiatric nursing or mental health nursing is the appointed position of a nurse that has specialised in mental health and cares for people of all ages experiencing mental illness or mental distress, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, psychosis, depression, anxiety, dementia, and many more.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ Nurses in this area receive specific training in psychological therapies, building a therapeutic alliance, dealing with challenging behaviour, and the administration of psychiatric medication.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ In most countries, a psychiatric nurse will have to attain a bachelor's degree in nursing to become a Registered Nurse (RN), and specialise in mental health.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ Nursing shortage refers to a situation where the demand for nursing professionals, such as Registered Nurses (RNs), exceeds the supply—locally (e.g., within a health care facility), nationally or globally.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ It can be measured, for instance, when the nurse-to-patient ratio, the nurse-to-population ratio, or the number of job openings necessitates a higher number of nurses than currently available.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ This situation is observed in developed and developing nations around the world.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ Nursing shortage is not necessarily due to a lack of supply of trained nurses.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ In some cases, perceived shortages occur simultaneously with increased admission rates of students into nursing schools.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Nursing in the United Kingdom has a long history.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The current form of nursing is often considered as beginning with Florence Nightingale who pioneered 'modern nursing'.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Florence Nightingale initiated formal schools of nursing in the United Kingdom in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The role and perception of nursing has dramatically changed from that of 'handmaiden' to the doctor to professionals in their own right.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ There are over 300,000 nurses in the United Kingdom and they work in a variety of settings; hospitals, health centres, nursing homes, hospices, communities, academia etc.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ with most nurses working for the National Health Service (NHS)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses practice in many specialties with differing levels of prescription authority.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has shaped the public image of nurses as care providers.", "Nursing __knowledge__ However, nurse practitioners are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the United States and the United Kingdom, advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ Nursing shortage refers to a situation where the demand for nursing professionals, such as Registered Nurses (RNs), exceeds the supply—locally (e.g., within a health care facility), nationally or globally.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ It can be measured, for instance, when the nurse-to-patient ratio, the nurse-to-population ratio, or the number of job openings necessitates a higher number of nurses than currently available.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ This situation is observed in developed and developing nations around the world.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ Nursing shortage is not necessarily due to a lack of supply of trained nurses.", "Nursing shortage __knowledge__ In some cases, perceived shortages occur simultaneously with increased admission rates of students into nursing schools.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Nursing in the United Kingdom has a long history.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The current form of nursing is often considered as beginning with Florence Nightingale who pioneered 'modern nursing'.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Florence Nightingale initiated formal schools of nursing in the United Kingdom in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The role and perception of nursing has dramatically changed from that of 'handmaiden' to the doctor to professionals in their own right.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ There are over 300,000 nurses in the United Kingdom and they work in a variety of settings; hospitals, health centres, nursing homes, hospices, communities, academia etc.", "Nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ with most nurses working for the National Health Service (NHS).", "History of nursing __knowledge__ The word \"nurse\" originally came from the Latin word \"nutrire\", meaning to suckle, referring to a wet-nurse; only in the late 16th century did it attain its modern meaning of a person who cares for the infirm.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ From the earliest times most cultures produced a stream of nurses dedicated to service on religious principles.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ Both Christendom and the Muslim World generated a stream of dedicated nurses from their earliest days.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ In Europe before the foundation of modern nursing, Catholic nuns and the military often provided nursing-like services.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ It took until the 20th century for nursing to become a secular profession.", "History of nursing in the United States __knowledge__ The History of nursing in the United States focuses on the professionalization of nursing since the Civil War.", "History of nursing in the United States __knowledge__ Before the 1870s \"women working in North American urban hospitals typically were untrained, working class, and accorded lowly status by both the medical profession ...and society at large\".", "History of nursing in the United States __knowledge__ Nursing had the much the same lowly status in Europe.", "History of nursing in the United States __knowledge__ However D'Antonio shows that in the mid-19th century nursing was transformed from a domestic duty of caring for members of one’s extended family, to a regular job performed for a cash wage.", "History of nursing in the United States __knowledge__ Nurses were now hired by strangers to care for sick family members at home.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ Psychiatric nursing or mental health nursing is the appointed position of a nurse that has specialised in mental health and cares for people of all ages experiencing mental illness or mental distress, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, psychosis, depression, anxiety, dementia, and many more.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ Nurses in this area receive specific training in psychological therapies, building a therapeutic alliance, dealing with challenging behaviour, and the administration of psychiatric medication.", "Psychiatric and mental health nursing __knowledge__ In most countries, a psychiatric nurse will have to attain a bachelor's degree in nursing to become a Registered Nurse (RN), and specialise in mental health.", "History of nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The history of nursing in the United Kingdom tells of the development of the profession of nursing in the United Kingdom since the 1850s.", "History of nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The history of nursing itself dates back to ancient times, where the sick could be cared for in temples and houses of worship.", "History of nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In the early Christian era nursing duties were undertaken by certain women in the Church, their services being extended to patients in their homes.", "History of nursing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ These women had no real training by today's standards, but experience taught them valuable skills, especially in the use of herbs and folk drugs, and some gained fame as the physicians of their era." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses practice in many specialties with differing levels of prescription authority.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has shaped the public image of nurses as care providers.", "Nursing __knowledge__ However, nurse practitioners are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.", "Nursing __knowledge__ Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life.", "Nursing __knowledge__ In the United States and the United Kingdom, advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ The word \"nurse\" originally came from the Latin word \"nutrire\", meaning to suckle, referring to a wet-nurse; only in the late 16th century did it attain its modern meaning of a person who cares for the infirm.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ From the earliest times most cultures produced a stream of nurses dedicated to service on religious principles.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ Both Christendom and the Muslim World generated a stream of dedicated nurses from their earliest days.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ In Europe before the foundation of modern nursing, Catholic nuns and the military often provided nursing-like services.", "History of nursing __knowledge__ It took until the 20th century for nursing to become a secular profession.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Latin profanity is the profane, indecent, or impolite vocabulary of Latin, and its uses.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Words deemed profane were described as \"obsc(a)ena\" (obscene, lewd, unfit for public use), or \"improba\" (improper, in poor taste, undignified).", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Profanities occurred rarely in classical Latin, limited to satirical works and commentaries on word usage, but they could be found in Vulgar Latin (a phrase which means \"the language spoken by the common people\").", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Since profanities are informal and more often spoken than committed to paper, it is worthwhile to note several written sources of Latin profanity: \"Mentula\" is the basic Latin word for penis.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ A wet nurse is a woman who breast feeds and cares for another's child.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ Wet nurses are employed when the mother is unable or elects not to nurse the child herself.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ Wet-nursed children may be known as \"milk-siblings\", and in some cultures the families are linked by a special relationship of milk kinship.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ Mothers who nurse each other's babies are engaging in a reciprocal act known as cross-nursing or co-nursing.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ A wet nurse can help when a mother is unable or unwilling to feed her baby.", "Wet nurse __knowledge__ Before the development of infant formula in the 20th century, when a mother was unable to breastfeed, a wetnurse was the only way to save the baby's life.", "Latin syntax __knowledge__ Latin syntax is the part of Latin grammar that covers such matters as word order, the use of cases, tenses and moods, and the construction of simple and compound sentences.", "Latin syntax __knowledge__ The study of Latin syntax in a systematic way was particularly a feature of the late 19th century, especially in Germany.", "Latin syntax __knowledge__ For example, in the 3rd edition of \"Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar\" (1895), the reviser, Gonzalez Lodge, mentions 38 scholars whose works have been used in its revision; of these 31 wrote in German, five in English and two in French.", "Latin syntax __knowledge__ (The English scholars include Roby and Lindsay).", "Latin syntax __knowledge__ In the twentieth century, the German tradition was continued with the publication of two very comprehensive grammars: the \"Ausführliche Grammatik der lateinischen Sprache\" by Raphael Kühner and Karl Stegmann (1912, first edition 1879), and the \"Lateinische Grammatik\" by Manu Leumann, J.B. Hofmann, and Anton Szantyr (revised edition Munich 1977, first edition 1926).", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Breastfeeding, also known as nursing, is the feeding of babies and young children with milk from a woman's breast.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Health professionals recommend that breastfeeding begin within the first hour of a baby's life and continue as often and as much as the baby wants.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ During the first few weeks of life babies may nurse roughly every two to three hours.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ The duration of a feeding is usually ten to fifteen minutes on each breast.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Older children feed less often.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Mothers may pump milk so that it can be used later when breastfeeding is not possible.", "Breastfeeding __knowledge__ Breastfeeding has a number of benefits to both mother and baby, which infant formula lacks.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 0, 60, 53 ]

[ "That is amazing! Nurses are awesome, they focus on the care of individuals, families, and communities", "No but I studied about Nurses!", "The history! For example, The word \"nurse\" originally came from the Latin word \"nutrire\", meaning to suckle, referring to a wet-nurse!", "I am! And I will leave you with this: It took until the 20th century for nursing to become a secular profession!." ]

[ "Nursing", "Nursing", "Nursing", "Nursing" ]

[ "Bipolar disorder", "I appreciate you sharing that with me. I realize it may affect how you live your life. I'm in social work and may have to deal with clients that may have that as part of their life, as well. Could you tell me more about it?", "That's great to know, so that I can have expectations and be able to react accordingly, and appropriately. What else would you feel comfortable sharing?", "I see. Thank you for entrusting that information to me, and I'm sorry to hear some of the more negative qualities of what you go through. What do you wish more people would know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania, depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy, or irritable.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Individuals often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The need for sleep is usually reduced during manic phases.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During periods of depression, there may be crying, a negative outlook on life, and poor eye contact with others.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The risk of suicide among those with the illness is high at greater than 6 percent over 20 years, while self-harm occurs in 30–40 percent.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorder are commonly associated.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The causes are not clearly understood, but both environmental and genetic factors play a role.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many genes of small effect contribute to risk.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Environmental factors include a history of childhood abuse, and long-term stress.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The condition is divided into bipolar I disorder if there has been at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes, and bipolar II disorder if there has been at least one hypomanic episode (but no manic episodes) and one major depressive episode." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania, depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy, or irritable.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Individuals often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The need for sleep is usually reduced during manic phases.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During periods of depression, there may be crying, a negative outlook on life, and poor eye contact with others.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The risk of suicide among those with the illness is high at greater than 6 percent over 20 years, while self-harm occurs in 30–40 percent.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorder are commonly associated.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The causes are not clearly understood, but both environmental and genetic factors play a role.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many genes of small effect contribute to risk.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Environmental factors include a history of childhood abuse, and long-term stress.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The condition is divided into bipolar I disorder if there has been at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes, and bipolar II disorder if there has been at least one hypomanic episode (but no manic episodes) and one major depressive episode.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Social work __knowledge__ Social work is an academic discipline and profession that concerns itself with individuals, families, groups and communities in an effort to enhance social functioning and overall well-being.", "Social work __knowledge__ Social functioning refers to the way in which people perform their social roles, and the structural institutions that are provided to sustain them.", "Social work __knowledge__ Social work applies social sciences, such as sociology, psychology, political science, public health, community development, law, and economics, to engage with client systems, conduct assessments, and develop interventions to solve social and personal problems; and create social change.", "Social work with groups __knowledge__ Social work with groups represents a broad domain of direct social work practice (Garvin, Gutierrez & Galinskey, 2004).", "Social work with groups __knowledge__ Social workers work with a variety of groups in all settings in which social work is practiced.", "Social work with groups __knowledge__ While some have proposed that social work practice with groups reflects any and all groups within which social workers participate, other definitional parameters have been established (Garvin et al., 2004).", "Social work with groups __knowledge__ Middleman and Wood (1990) have proposed that for practice to qualify as social work with groups four conditions must be met: the worker should focus attention on helping the group members become a system of mutual aid; the group worker must understand the role of the group process itself as the primary force responsible for individual and collective change; the group worker seeks to enhance group autonomy; the group worker helps the group members experience their groupness upon termination (Middleman & Wood, 1990).", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Mental health __knowledge__ Mental health is a level of psychological well-being, or an absence of mental illness.", "Mental health __knowledge__ It is the \"psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioural adjustment\".", "Mental health __knowledge__ From the perspective of positive psychology or holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life, and create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience.", "Mental health __knowledge__ According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health includes \"subjective well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, inter-generational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional potential, among others.\"", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ A mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a single episode.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary widely between specific disorders.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professional.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are often unclear.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields.", "Mental disorder __knowledge__ Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ Schizoaffective disorder (SZA, SZD or SAD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and deregulated emotions.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The diagnosis is made when the person has features of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder—either bipolar disorder or depression—but does not strictly meet diagnostic criteria for either alone.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The bipolar type is distinguished by symptoms of mania, hypomania, or mixed episode; the depressive type by symptoms of depression only.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ Common symptoms of the disorder include hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and disorganized speech and thinking.", "Schizoaffective disorder __knowledge__ The onset of symptoms usually begins in young adulthood, currently with an uncertain lifetime prevalence because the disorder was redefined, but DSM-IV prevalence estimates have been less than one percent of the population, in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 percent.", "Biology of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder is an affective disorder characterized by periods of elevated mood and depression.", "Biology of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The cause and mechanism of bipolar disorder is unknown, and the study of its biological origins is ongoing.", "Biology of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Although no single gene causes the disorder, a number of genes are linked to increase risk of the disorder, and various gene environment interactions may play a role in predisposing individuals to developing bipolar.", "Biology of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Neuroimaging and postmortem studies have found abnormalities in a variety of brain regions, although most commonly implicated regions include the ventral prefrontal cortex and amygdala.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ The concept of a link between creativity and mental illness has been extensively discussed and studied by psychologists and other researchers for centuries.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ Parallels can be drawn to connect creativity to major mental disorders including: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and ADHD.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ For example, studies have demonstrated correlations between creative occupations and people living with mental illness.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ There are cases that support the idea that mental illness can aid in creativity, but it is also generally agreed that mental illness does not have to be present for creativity to exist.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The primary treatment for bipolar disorder consists of medications called mood stabilizers, which are used to prevent or control episodes of mania or depression.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Medications from several classes have mood stabilizing activity.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many individuals may require a combination of medication to achieve full remission of symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ As it is impossible to predict which medication will work best for a particular individual, it may take some trial and error to find the best medication or combination for a specific patient.", "Bipolar II disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar II disorder (BP-II; pronounced \"type two bipolar\" or \"bipolar type two\" disorder) is a bipolar spectrum disorder (see also Bipolar disorder) characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression.", "Bipolar II disorder __knowledge__ Diagnosis for bipolar II disorder requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode (unless caused by an antidepressant; otherwise one manic episode meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder).", "Bipolar II disorder __knowledge__ Hypomania is a sustained state of elevated or irritable mood that is less severe than mania and does not significantly impact quality of life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania, depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy, or irritable.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Individuals often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The need for sleep is usually reduced during manic phases.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During periods of depression, there may be crying, a negative outlook on life, and poor eye contact with others.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The risk of suicide among those with the illness is high at greater than 6 percent over 20 years, while self-harm occurs in 30–40 percent.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorder are commonly associated.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The causes are not clearly understood, but both environmental and genetic factors play a role.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many genes of small effect contribute to risk.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Environmental factors include a history of childhood abuse, and long-term stress.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The condition is divided into bipolar I disorder if there has been at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes, and bipolar II disorder if there has been at least one hypomanic episode (but no manic episodes) and one major depressive episode.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ It is also an area of study and research that seeks to understand how humans use verbal and nonverbal cues to accomplish a number of personal and relational goals.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Generally, interpersonal communication research has contributed to at least six distinct categories of inquiry: 1) how humans adjust and adapt their verbal and nonverbal communication during face-to-face communication, 2) the processes of message production, 3) how uncertainty influences our behavior and information-management strategies, 4) deceptive communication, 5) relational dialectics, and 6) social interaction that is mediated by technology.", "Communicative language teaching __knowledge__ Communicative language teaching (CLT), or the communicative approach, is an approach to language teaching that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of study.", "Communicative language teaching __knowledge__ Language learners in environments utilizing CLT techniques, learn and practice the target language through the interaction with one another and the instructor, the study of \"authentic texts\" (those written in the target language for purposes other than language learning), and through the use of the language both in class and outside of class.", "Communicative language teaching __knowledge__ Learners converse about personal experiences with partners, and instructors teach topics outside of the realm of traditional grammar, in order to promote language skills in all types of situations.", "Expectancy violations theory __knowledge__ Expectancy violations theory (EVT) is a theory of communication that analyzes how individuals respond to unanticipated violations of social norms and expectations.", "Expectancy violations theory __knowledge__ The theory was proposed by Judee K. Burgoon in the late 1970s and continued through the 1980s and 1990s as \"nonverbal expectancy violations theory\", based on Burgoon's research studying proxemics.", "Expectancy violations theory __knowledge__ Burgoon's work initially analyzed individuals' allowances and expectations of personal distance and how responses to personal distance violations were influenced by the level of liking and relationship to the violators.", "Expectancy violations theory __knowledge__ The theory was later changed to its current name when other researchers began to focus on violations of social behavior expectations beyond nonverbal communication.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Theory of mind (often abbreviated ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states—beliefs, intents, desires, pretending, knowledge, etc.—to oneself, and to others, and to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives that are different from one's own.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Deficits can occur in people with autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cocaine addiction, and brain damage suffered from alcohol's neurotoxicity.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Although philosophical approaches to this exist, the theory of mind as such is distinct from the philosophy of mind.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Theory of mind is a theory insofar as the mind is the only thing being directly observed.", "Social penetration theory __knowledge__ The social penetration theory (SPT) proposes that, as relationships develop, interpersonal communication moves from relatively shallow, non-intimate levels to deeper, more intimate ones.", "Social penetration theory __knowledge__ The theory was formulated by psychologists Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor in 1973 to understand relationship development between individuals.", "Social penetration theory __knowledge__ Altman and Taylor notes that relationships \"involve different levels of intimacy of exchange or degree of social penetration\".", "Social penetration theory __knowledge__ The social penetration theory is known as an objective theory as opposed to an interpretive theory, meaning that it is based on data drawn from experiments and not from conclusions based on individuals' specific experiences.", "Mania __knowledge__ Mania, also known as manic syndrome, is a state of abnormally elevated arousal, affect, and energy level, or \"a state of heightened overall activation with enhanced affective expression together with lability of affect.\"", "Mania __knowledge__ Although mania is often conceived as a \"mirror image\" to depression, the heightened mood can be either euphoric or irritable; indeed, as the mania intensifies, irritability can be more pronounced and result in violence, or anxiety.", "Mania __knowledge__ The symptoms of mania include heightened mood (either euphoric or irritable); flight of ideas and pressure of speech; and increased energy, decreased need for sleep, and hyperactivity.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a group of symptoms—including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ These symptoms occur over a long time, often years.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ It has been classified into four main types depending on whether diarrhea is common, constipation is common, both are common, or neither occurs very often (IBS-D, IBS-C, IBS-M, or IBS-U respectively).", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work.", "Irritable bowel syndrome __knowledge__ Disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The primary treatment for bipolar disorder consists of medications called mood stabilizers, which are used to prevent or control episodes of mania or depression.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Medications from several classes have mood stabilizing activity.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many individuals may require a combination of medication to achieve full remission of symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ As it is impossible to predict which medication will work best for a particular individual, it may take some trial and error to find the best medication or combination for a specific patient.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ The concept of a link between creativity and mental illness has been extensively discussed and studied by psychologists and other researchers for centuries.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ Parallels can be drawn to connect creativity to major mental disorders including: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and ADHD.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ For example, studies have demonstrated correlations between creative occupations and people living with mental illness.", "Creativity and mental illness __knowledge__ There are cases that support the idea that mental illness can aid in creativity, but it is also generally agreed that mental illness does not have to be present for creativity to exist.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ Mind of Mine is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Zayn, released on 25 March 2016 by RCA Records.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B and alternative R&B, the album blends elements from a number of genres, including pop, folk, dub, soul, funk, electronic, Qawwali, hip hop, reggae, classical and soft rock, among others.", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ The album was preceded by the release of two singles: \"Pillowtalk\" (which debuted at number one in a number of international charts, including the UK Singles Chart and the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100), and \"Like I Would\".", "Mind of Mine __knowledge__ A third single \"Wrong\", featuring Kehlani, was also subsequently released.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ In Chinese alchemy, elixir poisoning refers to the toxic effects from elixirs of immortality that contained metals and minerals such as mercury and arsenic.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ The official \"Twenty-Four Histories\" record numerous Chinese emperors, nobles, and officials who ironically died from taking elixirs in order to prolong their lifespans.", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ The first emperor to die from elixir poisoning was likely Qin Shi Huang (d. 210 BCE) and the last was Yongzheng (d. 1735).", "Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning __knowledge__ Despite common knowledge that immortality potions could be deadly, fangshi and Daoist alchemists continued the elixir-making practice for two millennia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania, depending on its severity, or whether symptoms of psychosis are present.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During mania, an individual behaves or feels abnormally energetic, happy, or irritable.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Individuals often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The need for sleep is usually reduced during manic phases.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ During periods of depression, there may be crying, a negative outlook on life, and poor eye contact with others.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The risk of suicide among those with the illness is high at greater than 6 percent over 20 years, while self-harm occurs in 30–40 percent.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorder are commonly associated.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The causes are not clearly understood, but both environmental and genetic factors play a role.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many genes of small effect contribute to risk.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Environmental factors include a history of childhood abuse, and long-term stress.", "Bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The condition is divided into bipolar I disorder if there has been at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes, and bipolar II disorder if there has been at least one hypomanic episode (but no manic episodes) and one major depressive episode.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain __knowledge__ Houston Stewart Chamberlain (; 9 September 1855 – 9 January 1927) was a British-born philosopher who wrote works about political philosophy and natural science; he is described by Michael D. Biddiss, a contributor to the \"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography\", as a \"racialist writer\".", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain __knowledge__ Chamberlain married Eva von Bülow, the daughter of composer Richard Wagner, in December 1908 - twenty-five years after Wagner's death Chamberlain's best known book is the two-volume \"Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts\" (\"The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century\"), published in 1899, which became highly influential in the pan-Germanic \"völkisch\" movements of the early 20th century and later influenced the antisemitism of Nazi racial policy.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ American commentator Bill O'Reilly regularly expresses his points of view on a wide variety of political, social, and moral issues.", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ He has personally labeled his political philosophy \"traditionalism\".", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ \"The O'Reilly Factor,\" since its inception on the Fox News Channel in 1996, has been the primary outlet of his opinions.", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ O'Reilly started his own radio program, \"The Radio Factor\", a few years later.", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ He has also written several non-fiction books detailing some of his beliefs.", "Political views of Bill O'Reilly __knowledge__ O'Reilly generally leans to the right on most issues, most notably the Bush administration's War on Terror, but breaks from the conservative and Republican majority on such issues as the global warming controversy, gun control, gay marriage and the death penalty.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ Political debates about the United States federal budget discusses some of the more significant U.S. budgetary debates of the 21st century.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ These include the causes of debt increases, the impact of tax cuts, specific events such as the United States fiscal cliff, the effectiveness of stimulus, and the impact of the Great Recession, among others.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ The article explains how to analyze the U.S. budget as well as the competing economic schools of thought that support the budgetary positions of the major parties.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ Many of the debates about the United States federal budget center on competing macroeconomic schools of thought.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Body image __knowledge__ Body image is a person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.", "Body image __knowledge__ The phrase \"body image\" was first coined by the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder in his book \"The Image and Appearance of the Human Body\" (1935).", "Body image __knowledge__ Human society has at all times placed great value on beauty of the human body, but a person's perception of their own body may not correspond to society's standards.", "Body image __knowledge__ The concept of body image is used in a number of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy and cultural and feminist studies.", "Body image __knowledge__ The term is also often used in the media.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6, 11 ]

[ "I have bipolar disorder, which is a mental illness that causes periods of depression and mania.", "Sometimes when I am in my manic phases I feel abnormally energetic or irritable. ", "I also suffer from the periods of depression which includes a lot of crying and a negative outlook on my life. I generally think about how I am a terrible human being and that the world would be better off without me.", "Some environmental factors in my life include a history of child abuse, emotional, physical and sexual. " ]

[ "Bipolar disorder", "Bipolar disorder", "Bipolar disorder", "Bipolar disorder" ]

[ "Kayaking", "Ive only been once, but i remember my arms being so tired the next day. Its quite a workout", "Wow, that reminds me of that olympic sport where they ski and then shoot a gun. some weird combinations here" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Umueze Anam is a community in Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ It is said that Umueze Anam was founded by one hunter from Amadioba Nteje known as Nwavor in the 17th century.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ As a hunter, he used to hunt for game around the Omambala River when he found a peaceful peninsula across the river and settled there.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Nwavor was accused of having a hand in the death of his archrival a kinsman of his and in other to free himself from the accusation decided to leave Nteje and settle at Odah.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ He first arrived at a place called Odah Anam where he found a lot of wildlife and fertile land for agricultural purposes.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Battle of the Ages is the twelfth season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to John Rhode, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ It premiered on September 20, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainer Bob Harper, two new trainers (Anna Kournikova and Dolvett Quince.)", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ joined this season.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The 15 contestants this season were divided into three groups of five by their ages: those who are 30 and under were initially trained by Quince, those who are between 31–49 were initially trained by Harper, and those who are 50 and over were initially trained by Kournikova.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Our Lady of Peace Shrine is a Roman Catholic parish of the Diocese of San Jose located in Santa Clara, California.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The most notable feature of the parish is the 32-foot statue of Our Lady, Queen of Peace, which is visible from U.S. Highway 101.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish was founded on June 24, 1961 when Father Joseph G. Sullivan was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ In 1969 Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ John Joseph Sweeny took over and worked to pay down the parish's $500,000 debt.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ After Monsignor Sweeny's retirement in accordance with the age requirements in canon law, Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Walter Mallo, IVE was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish had two Associate pastors while Fr.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Isis __knowledge__ Isis was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world.", "Isis __knowledge__ Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2181 BCE) as one of the main characters of the Osiris myth, in which she resurrects her slain husband, the divine king Osiris, and produces and protects his heir, Horus.", "Isis __knowledge__ Her relations with humans were based on her behavior in the myth.", "Isis __knowledge__ She was believed to help the dead enter the afterlife as she had helped Osiris, she was considered the divine mother of the pharaoh, who was likened to Horus, and her maternal aid was invoked in healing spells.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ The Osiris myth is the most elaborate and influential story in ancient Egyptian mythology.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ It concerns the murder of the god Osiris, a primeval king of Egypt, and its consequences.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ Osiris's murderer, his brother Set, usurps his throne.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Osiris's wife Isis restores her husband's body, allowing him to posthumously conceive a son with her.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ The remainder of the story focuses on Horus, the product of the union of Isis and Osiris, who is at first a vulnerable child protected by his mother and then becomes Set's rival for the throne.", "Osiris myth __knowledge__ Their often violent conflict ends with Horus's triumph, which restores order to Egypt after Set's unrighteous reign and completes the process of Osiris's resurrection.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking is the sport of paddling a kayak on a moving body of water, typically a whitewater river.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking can range from active, moving water, to demanding, extreme whitewater.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Paddling on rivers, lakes and oceans is as old as the Stone Age.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The raft, the catamaran, the canoe and the kayak evolved depending on the needs and environment of the indigenous peoples in different parts of the world.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The modern day kayak most likely originated about 8,000 years ago along the Siberian coast line by the Yupik and then transformed from the open canoe, via the Aleut and Inuit, into an enclosed kayak.", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, , is a landmark decision in United States corporate law by the United States Supreme Court allowing closely held for-profit corporations to be exempt from a regulation its owners religiously object to, if there is a less restrictive means of furthering the law's interest, according to the provisions of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA).", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ It is the first time that the court has recognized a for-profit corporation's claim of religious belief, but it is limited to \"closely held\" corporations.", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ The decision does not address whether such corporations are protected by the free-exercise of religion clause of the First Amendment of the Constitution.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight exercises are strength training exercises that do not require free weights or machines as the individual's own weight provides resistance against gravity.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ It is recognised that bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ This type of strength training has grown in popularity for both recreational and professional athletes, with a range of sports disciplines using bodyweight resistance training as part of their fitness programs.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight training utilises simple abilities such as pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting and balancing.", "Serene Highness __knowledge__ His/Her Serene Highness (abbreviation: HSH, oral address: Your Serene Highness) is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco.", "Serene Highness __knowledge__ Until 1918, it was also associated with the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties and with a few princely but non-ruling families.", "Serene Highness __knowledge__ It was also the form of address used for cadet members of the dynasties of France, Italy, Russia and Ernestine Saxony, under their monarchies.", "Serene Highness __knowledge__ Additionally, the treatment was granted for some, but not all, princely yet non-reigning families of Bohemia, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania and Russia by emperors or popes.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ The Café Hillel bombing was a Palestinian suicide bombing carried out on September 9, 2003 in a coffee shop in the German Colony neighborhood in Jerusalem.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ Seven people were killed in the attack and over 50 were injured.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ A few hours prior to the Café Hillel bombing, Palestinian militants carried out a suicide attack in a bus stop next to the military base Tzrifin.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ On Tuesday evening, 9 September 2003 a Palestinian suicide bomber approached the \"Café Hillel\" coffee shop in the German Colony neighborhood of Jerusalem.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ Security guard Alon Mizrahi was attempting to prevent the bomber from entering when he blew himself up." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Winter Games (official name) () is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practiced on snow and ice.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating).", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Trampolining __knowledge__ Trampolining is a recreational activity, acrobatic training tool as well as a competitive Olympic sport in which athletes perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline.", "Trampolining __knowledge__ In competition, these can include simple jumps in the straight, pike, tuck, full flip, or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward or backward somersaults and twists.", "Trampolining __knowledge__ Scoring is based on the difficulty and on the total seconds spent in the air.", "Trampolining __knowledge__ Points are deducted for bad form and horizontal displacement from the center of the bed.", "Trampolining __knowledge__ Outside of the Olympics, competitions are referred to as GymSport, Trampoline Gymnastics(TG), or Gymnastics, which includes the events of Trampoline, Synchronized Trampoline, Double Mini Trampoline & Tumbling.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The 1960 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VIII Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event held between February 18–28, 1960 in Squaw Valley, California, United States.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Squaw Valley was chosen to host the Games at the 1956 meeting of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ It was an undeveloped resort in 1955, so from 1956 to 1960 the infrastructure and all of the venues were built at a cost of US$80,000,000.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ It was designed to be intimate, allowing spectators and competitors to walk to nearly all the venues.", "1960 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Squaw Valley hosted athletes from thirty nations who competed in four sports and twenty-seven events.", "Kayak __knowledge__ A kayak is a small, narrow watercraft which is propelled by means of a double-bladed paddle.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The word kayak originates from the Greenlandic word \"qajaq\" ().", "Kayak __knowledge__ The traditional kayak has a covered deck and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The cockpit is sometimes covered by a spray deck that prevents the entry of water from waves or spray and makes it possible for suitably skilled kayakers to roll the kayak: that is, to capsize and right it without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. ]", "Kayak __knowledge__ Some modern boats vary considerably from a traditional design but still claim the title \"kayak\", for instance in eliminating the cockpit by seating the paddler on top of the boat (\"sit-on-top\" kayaks); having inflated air chambers surrounding the boat; replacing the single hull by twin hulls, and replacing paddles with other human-powered propulsion methods, such as foot-powered rotational propellers and \"flippers\".", "Corran Addison __knowledge__ Corran Descy Addison (born February 6, 1969 in South Africa) and is a slalom canoeist, whitewater kayaker, surfer and surfboard designer.", "Corran Addison __knowledge__ He is now based in San Clemente, California.", "Corran Addison __knowledge__ Addison began kayaking in South Africa in the mid 1970s.", "Corran Addison __knowledge__ Introduced by his father to the sport, they would construct the fiberglass kayaks they needed to paddle the rivers in the basement of Rhodes University where his father Graeme Addison was a professor of Journalism.", "Corran Addison __knowledge__ Throughout the 1970s and intom the early 1980s, their kayaking consisted of long multi day expeditions in the unknown, and it was here on these long expeditions that Addison forged his love for paddling adventure.", "Kayak fishing __knowledge__ Kayak fishing is fishing from a kayak.", "Kayak fishing __knowledge__ The \"kayak\" has long been a means of transportation and a stealth means of approaching easily spooked fish, such as cobia and flounder.", "Kayak fishing __knowledge__ Kayak fishing has gained popularity in recent times due to its broad appeal as an environmentally friendly and healthy method of transportation, as well as its relatively low cost of entry compared to motorized boats.", "Kayak fishing __knowledge__ Kayaks (Inuktitut: \"qajaq\", Inuktitut syllabics: \"ᖃᔭᖅ\") were originally developed by indigenous people living in the Arctic regions, who used the boats to hunt on inland lakes, rivers and the coastal waters of the Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic, Bering Sea and North Pacific oceans.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak or touring kayak is a kayak developed for the sport of paddling on open waters of lakes, bays, and the ocean.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are seaworthy small boats with a covered deck and the ability to incorporate a spray deck.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ They trade off the maneuverability of whitewater kayaks for higher cruising speed, cargo capacity, ease of straight-line paddling, and comfort for long journeys.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are used around the world for marine (sea) journeys from a few hours to many weeks, as they can accommodate one to three paddlers together with room for camping gear, food, water, and other supplies.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak usually ranges anywhere from for solo craft, and up to for tandem craft.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Inuit describes the various groups of indigenous peoples who live throughout \"Inuit Nunangat\", that is the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut of Northern Canada, Nunavik in Quebec and Nunatsiavut in Labrador, as well as in Greenland.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The term culture of the Inuit, therefore, refers primarily to these areas; however, parallels to other Eskimo groups can also be drawn.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The traditional lifestyle of the Inuit is adapted to extreme climatic conditions; their essential skills for survival are hunting and trapping.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Agriculture was never possible in the millions of square kilometres of tundra and icy coasts from Siberia to Northern America and Greenland." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 0 ]

[ "I enjoy Kayaking as a hobby. It's great exercise on the one hand, and on the other I get to be serene and peaceful on the water.", "Can you imagine also going hunting and fishing with a kayak? That's what they were originally designed for. Talk about being exhausted after THAT.", "Oh yeah, I think that's either the Ironman or the Winter Decathlon. Google Maps used to advise you to kayak across oceans if you asked it to navigate to islands." ]

[ "Kayaking", "Kayaking", "Kayaking" ]

[ "Mathematics", "I like geometry but not algebra. What is your favorite math?", "Is calculus a good subject to learn?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα \"máthēma\", \"knowledge, study, learning\") is the study of topics such as quantity (numbers), structure, space, and change.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ There are many views among mathematicians and philosophers as to the exact scope and definition of mathematics.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians seek out patterns and use them to formulate new conjectures.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proof.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ When mathematical structures are good models of real phenomena, then mathematical reasoning can provide insight or predictions about nature.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Through the use of abstraction and logic, mathematics developed from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Practical mathematics has been a human activity from as far back as written records exist.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ The research required to solve mathematical problems can take years or even centuries of sustained inquiry.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Rigorous arguments first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid's \"Elements\".", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Since the pioneering work of Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932), David Hilbert (1862–1943), and others on axiomatic systems in the late 19th century, it has become customary to view mathematical research as establishing truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα \"máthēma\", \"knowledge, study, learning\") is the study of topics such as quantity (numbers), structure, space, and change.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ There are many views among mathematicians and philosophers as to the exact scope and definition of mathematics.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians seek out patterns and use them to formulate new conjectures.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proof.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ When mathematical structures are good models of real phenomena, then mathematical reasoning can provide insight or predictions about nature.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Through the use of abstraction and logic, mathematics developed from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Practical mathematics has been a human activity from as far back as written records exist.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ The research required to solve mathematical problems can take years or even centuries of sustained inquiry.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Rigorous arguments first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid's \"Elements\".", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Since the pioneering work of Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932), David Hilbert (1862–1943), and others on axiomatic systems in the late 19th century, it has become customary to view mathematical research as establishing truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ The Line Mountain School District is a small, rural public school district serving portions of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ The district covers an area of .", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ Municipalities within its boundaries are the borough of Herndon and multiple townships, including Lower Augusta Township, Little Mahanoy Township, Zerbe Township, West Cameron Township, Jackson Township, Upper Mahanoy Township, Washington Township, Jordan Township, and Lower Mahanoy Township.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 8,975.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 9,184 people.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The Northern Tioga School District is a rural public school district operating in Tioga County, Pennsylvania, US.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ The district serves an extensive rural region, spanning across the northern section of Tioga County.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Northern Tioga School District is a third class school district having less than 30,000 residents and is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Northern Tioga School District __knowledge__ Municipalities served include: Tioga, Tioga Township, Jackson Township, Lawrenceville, Lawrence Township, Farmington Township, Elkland, Elkland Township, Osceola Township, Knoxville, Chatham Township, Deerfield Township, Brookfield, Westfield, and Clymer Township.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ The West Perry School District is a midsized, public school district located in western Perry County, Pennsylvania.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ It encompasses over , covering virtually all of the western half of the county.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ As one of Perry County's four school districts, West Perry serves: the boroughs of Blain, New Bloomfield and Landisburg, as well as, Carroll Township, Centre Township, Jackson Township, Northeast Madison Township, Saville Township, Spring Township, Southwest Madison Township, Toboyne Township, and Tyrone Township, making it the largest school district in terms of area in Perry County.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ According to 2008 local census data, West Perry School District had a resident population of 17,101 people.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ The Keystone Central School District (KCSD) is a midsized rural, public school district based in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania that includes public schools in Clinton County, and that serves students in Clinton County, Centre County, and Potter County.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ Geographically, the Keystone Central School District is the biggest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ It encompasses approximately square miles.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 36,950.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population was 37,794 people, making it a district of the third class.", "Keystone Central School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.7% high school graduates and 17.2% college graduates.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ The Canton Area School District is a diminutive, rural, Pennsylvania public school district that encompasses approximately .", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ Canton Area School District is split over 3 counties.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Bradford County, it serves Canton Township including Canton Borough; while excluding the borough of Alba, and Leroy Township.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Lycoming County, the district serves McIntyre Township including the villages of Marsh Hill and Ralston; and McNett Township including the villages of Chemung, Ellenton, Leolyn, Penbryn, and Roaring Branch.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ In Tioga County, the district serves Union Township.", "Canton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 local census data, the district serves a resident population of 6,213.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ The Abington Heights School District is a midsized public school district.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ It serves: the boroughs of: Clarks Green and Clarks Summit and the townships of Waverly Township, Glenburn Township, Newton Township, North Abington Township, Ransom Township and South Abington Township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ Abington Heights School District encompasses approximately .", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 29,222 residents.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population declined to 23,615 people.", "Abington Heights School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 94.7% high school graduates and 47.5% college graduates.", "Jersey Shore Area School District __knowledge__ The Jersey Shore Area School District is a large rural, public school district in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania and Clinton County, Pennsylvania.", "Jersey Shore Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Jersey Shore Area School District __knowledge__ It is centered on the borough of Jersey Shore and serves the surrounding Lycoming County municipalities of Limestone Township, Bastress Township, Nippenose Township, Porter Township, Piatt Township, Anthony Township, Mifflin Township, Watson Township, Cummings Township, McHenry Township, Brown Township, and Salladasburg.", "Jersey Shore Area School District __knowledge__ It also encompasses Avis, Pine Creek Township, and Crawford Township in Clinton County.", "Jersey Shore Area School District __knowledge__ The District was organized in 1966 by a consolidation of eleven smaller school districts.", "School Days (visual novel) __knowledge__ 0verflow announced work on \"School Days\" in October 2004 and marketed it through public venues that showcased the game's innovative use of anime-like cinematics and voice.", "School Days (visual novel) __knowledge__ The game ranked as the best-selling visual novel in Japan for the time of its release, continuing to chart in the national top 50 for nearly five months afterward.", "School Days (visual novel) __knowledge__ 0verflow would then go on to produce multiple sequels including a spin-off of the original story called \"Summer Days\", and a parallel story called \"Cross Days\".", "School Days (visual novel) __knowledge__ Another spin-off, \"Island Days\", has been developed by Klon for the Nintendo 3DS.", "School Days (visual novel) __knowledge__ \"School Days\" was remastered as \"School Days HQ\" on October 8, 2010 and localized in North America on June 27, 2012.", "Expanded learning time __knowledge__ Expanded learning time (ELT) is a strategy employed by schools in the United States to redesign their school days and/or years in order to provide students, particularly in communities of concentrated poverty, with substantially more and better learning time.", "Expanded learning time __knowledge__ ELT is often a core element of school improvement or turnaround efforts, such that other practices like teacher collaboration, data-driven instruction, and integrated enrichment can be more effectively implemented.", "Expanded learning time __knowledge__ ELT differs from associated efforts like after-school programs or expanded learning opportunities (ELOs) because ELT requires all students in a given school to attend the longer day and/or year, and the additional time becomes a dependent component of the school’s educational practices and objectives.", "Economics __knowledge__ Economics (UK English: , ; US English: , ) is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.", "Economics __knowledge__ Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work.", "Economics __knowledge__ Microeconomics analyzes basic elements in the economy, including individual agents and markets, their interactions, and the outcomes of interactions.", "Economics __knowledge__ Individual agents may include, for example, households, firms, buyers, and sellers.", "Economics __knowledge__ Macroeconomics analyzes the entire economy (meaning aggregated production, consumption, savings, and investment) and issues affecting it, including unemployment of resources (labour, capital, and land), inflation, economic growth, and the public policies that address these issues (monetary, fiscal, and other policies).", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ The East Lycoming School District is a small, rural, public school district located in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania.", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ It serves the Boroughs of Hughesville and Picture Rocks and Franklin Township, Jordan Township, Mill Creek Township, Moreland Township, Penn Township, Shrewsbury Township and Wolf Township in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania.", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ East Lycoming School District encompasses approximately .", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, East Lycoming School District served a resident population of 10,368 people.", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District's population was 10,428 people.", "East Lycoming School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the East Lycoming School District population (25 years old and over) were 89% high school graduates and 18.7% college graduates.", "Mathematical economics __knowledge__ Mathematical economics is the application of mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics.", "Mathematical economics __knowledge__ By convention, the applied methods refer to those beyond simple geometry, such as differential and integral calculus, difference and differential equations, matrix algebra, mathematical programming, and other computational methods.", "Mathematical economics __knowledge__ An advantage claimed for the approach is its allowing formulation of theoretical relationships with rigor, generality, and simplicity.", "Mathematical economics __knowledge__ Mathematics allows economists to form meaningful, testable propositions about wide-ranging and complex subjects which could less easily be expressed informally." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα \"máthēma\", \"knowledge, study, learning\") is the study of topics such as quantity (numbers), structure, space, and change.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ There are many views among mathematicians and philosophers as to the exact scope and definition of mathematics.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians seek out patterns and use them to formulate new conjectures.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proof.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ When mathematical structures are good models of real phenomena, then mathematical reasoning can provide insight or predictions about nature.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Through the use of abstraction and logic, mathematics developed from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Practical mathematics has been a human activity from as far back as written records exist.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ The research required to solve mathematical problems can take years or even centuries of sustained inquiry.", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Rigorous arguments first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid's \"Elements\".", "Mathematics __knowledge__ Since the pioneering work of Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932), David Hilbert (1862–1943), and others on axiomatic systems in the late 19th century, it has become customary to view mathematical research as establishing truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions.", "Calculus __knowledge__ Calculus (from Latin \"calculus\", literally 'small pebble', used for counting and calculations, like on an abacus) is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations.", "Calculus __knowledge__ It has two major branches, differential calculus (concerning rates of change and slopes of curves), and integral calculus (concerning accumulation of quantities and the areas under and between curves).", "Calculus __knowledge__ These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus.", "Calculus __knowledge__ Both branches make use of the fundamental notions of convergence of infinite sequences and infinite series to a well-defined limit.", "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz __knowledge__ Gottfried Wilhelm (von) Leibniz (; or ; ; – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath and philosopher who occupies a prominent place in the history of mathematics and the history of philosophy, having developed differential and integral calculus independently of Isaac Newton.", "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz __knowledge__ Leibniz's notation has been widely used ever since it was published.", "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz __knowledge__ It was only in the 20th century that his Law of Continuity and Transcendental Law of Homogeneity found mathematical implementation (by means of non-standard analysis).", "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz __knowledge__ He became one of the most prolific inventors in the field of mechanical calculators.", "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz __knowledge__ While working on adding automatic multiplication and division to Pascal's calculator, he was the first to describe a pinwheel calculator in 1685 and invented the Leibniz wheel, used in the arithmometer, the first mass-produced mechanical calculator.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ This is the list of fictional characters in \"The Adventures of Tintin\", the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed alphabetically, grouped by the Main characters, the Antagonists, and the Supporting characters.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ Before the list, there is an Index of characters for each of the 24 albums.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ The supporting characters Hergé created for his series have been described as far more developed than the central character, each imbued with a strength of character and depth of personality that has been compared with that of the characters of Charles Dickens.", "List of The Adventures of Tintin characters __knowledge__ Hergé used the supporting characters to create a realistic world in which to set his protagonists' adventures.", "History of calculus __knowledge__ Calculus, known in its early history as \"infinitesimal calculus\", is a mathematical discipline focused on limits, functions, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series.", "History of calculus __knowledge__ Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz independently discovered calculus in the mid-17th century.", "History of calculus __knowledge__ However, each inventor claimed the other stole his work in a bitter dispute that continued until the end of their lives.", "History of calculus __knowledge__ The ancient period introduced some of the ideas that led to integral calculus, but does not seem to have developed these ideas in a rigorous and systematic way.", "History of calculus __knowledge__ Calculations of volumes and areas, one goal of integral calculus, can be found in the Egyptian Moscow papyrus (c. 1820 BC), but the formulas are only given for concrete numbers, some are only approximately true, and they are not derived by deductive reasoning.", "Lambda calculus __knowledge__ Lambda calculus (also written as λ-calculus) is a formal system in mathematical logic for expressing computation based on function abstraction and application using variable binding and substitution.", "Lambda calculus __knowledge__ It is a universal model of computation that can be used to simulate any Turing machine and was first introduced by mathematician Alonzo Church in the 1930s as part of his research of the foundations of mathematics.", "Lambda calculus __knowledge__ Lambda calculus consists of constructing lambda terms and performing reduction operations on them.", "Lambda calculus __knowledge__ In the simplest form of lambda calculus, terms are built using only the following rules: producing expressions such as: (λ\"x\".λ\"y\".(λ\"z\".(λ\"x\".", "Multiplicative calculus __knowledge__ In mathematics, a multiplicative calculus is a system with two multiplicative operators, called a \"multiplicative derivative\" and a \"multiplicative integral\", which are inversely related in a manner analogous to the inverse relationship between the derivative and integral in the classical calculus of Newton and Leibniz.", "Multiplicative calculus __knowledge__ The multiplicative calculi provide alternatives to the classical calculus, which has an additive derivative and an additive integral.", "Multiplicative calculus __knowledge__ There are infinitely many multiplicative non-Newtonian calculi, including the geometric calculus and the bigeometric calculus discussed below.", "Multiplicative calculus __knowledge__ These calculi all have a derivative and/or integral that is not a linear operator.", "Calculus (dental) __knowledge__ In dentistry, calculus or tartar is a form of hardened dental plaque.", "Calculus (dental) __knowledge__ It is caused by precipitation of minerals from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in plaque on the teeth.", "Calculus (dental) __knowledge__ This process of precipitation kills the bacterial cells within dental plaque, but the rough and hardened surface that is formed provides an ideal surface for further plaque formation.", "Calculus (dental) __knowledge__ This leads to calculus buildup, which compromises the health of the gingiva (gums).", "Calculus (dental) __knowledge__ Calculus can form both along the gumline, where it is referred to as supragingival (\"above the gum\"), and within the narrow sulcus that exists between the teeth and the gingiva, where it is referred to as subgingival (\"below the gum\").", "History of mathematics __knowledge__ The area of study known as the history of mathematics is primarily an investigation into the origin of discoveries in mathematics and, to a lesser extent, an investigation into the mathematical methods and notation of the past.", "History of mathematics __knowledge__ Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales.", "History of mathematics __knowledge__ From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states of Sumer, Akkad and Assyria, together with Ancient Egypt and Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for purposes of taxation, commerce, trade and also in the field of astronomy and to formulate calendars and record time.", "History of mathematical notation __knowledge__ The history of mathematical notation includes the commencement, progress, and cultural diffusion of mathematical symbols and the conflict of the methods of notation confronted in a notation's move to popularity or inconspicuousness.", "History of mathematical notation __knowledge__ Mathematical notation comprises the symbols used to write mathematical equations and formulas.", "History of mathematical notation __knowledge__ Notation generally implies a set of well-defined representations of quantities and symbols operators.", "History of mathematical notation __knowledge__ The history includes Hindu–Arabic numerals, letters from the Roman, Greek, Hebrew, and German alphabets, and a host of symbols invented by mathematicians over the past several centuries.", "List of important publications in mathematics __knowledge__ Among published compilations of important publications in mathematics are \"Landmark writings in Western mathematics 1640–1940\" by Ivor Grattan-Guinness and \"A Source Book in Mathematics\" by David Eugene Smith.", "List of important publications in mathematics __knowledge__ Believed to have been written around the 8th century BC, this is one of the oldest mathematical texts.", "List of important publications in mathematics __knowledge__ It laid the foundations of Indian mathematics and was influential in South Asia and its surrounding regions, and perhaps even Greece.", "List of important publications in mathematics __knowledge__ Though this was primarily a geometrical text, it also contained some important algebraic developments, including the earliest list of Pythagorean triples discovered algebraically, geometric solutions of linear equations, the earliest use of quadratic equations of the forms ax = c and ax + bx = c, and integral solutions of simultaneous Diophantine equations with up to four unknowns.", "Algebra __knowledge__ Algebra (from Arabic \"\"al-jabr\"\" literally meaning \"reunion of broken parts\") is one of the broad parts of mathematics, together with number theory, geometry and analysis.", "Algebra __knowledge__ In its most general form, algebra is the study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols; it is a unifying thread of almost all of mathematics.", "Algebra __knowledge__ As such, it includes everything from elementary equation solving to the study of abstractions such as groups, rings, and fields.", "Algebra __knowledge__ The more basic parts of algebra are called elementary algebra; the more abstract parts are called abstract algebra or modern algebra.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ As a branch of mathematics, algebra emerged at the end of the 16th century in Europe, with the work of François Viète.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ Algebra can essentially be considered as doing computations similar to those of arithmetic but with non-numerical mathematical objects.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ However, until the 19th century, algebra consisted essentially of the theory of equations.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ For example, the fundamental theorem of algebra belongs to the theory of equations and is not, nowadays, considered as belonging to algebra (It is not possible to give a purely algebraic proof to this theorem, because this proposition involves the notion of real numbers and therefore the notion of a limit, which does not belong to algebra).", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry (from the ; \"geo-\" \"earth\", \"-metron\" \"measurement\") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers (arithmetic).", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ Geometry was revolutionized by Euclid, who introduced mathematical rigor and the axiomatic method still in use today.", "History of geometry __knowledge__ His book, \"The Elements\" is widely considered the most influential textbook of all time, and was known to all educated people in the West until the middle of the 20th century." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mathematics is my favorite subject in school days. I deals with quantity, structure and space", "I like both geometry and algebra in mathematics ", "Yes Definitely it is the good choice to learn and one of the important structure in mathematics subject" ]

[ "Mathematics", "Mathematics", "Mathematics" ]

[ "Rapping\nI'm not a fan of rap. Can you convince me otherwise?", "I suppose but its not as good as shakespeare. What else do you know?", "Well I don't really like either of them, but somehow people like it...", "Really who started it?", "Well I'm not suprised. A lot of great things have come out of New York City! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping (or rhyming, spitting, emceeing, MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates \"rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular\", which is performed or chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a backbeat or musical accompaniment.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The components of rap include \"content\" (what is being said), \"flow\" (rhythm, rhyme), and \"delivery\" (cadence, tone).", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is usually performed in time to an instrumental track.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap is often associated with, and is a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon predate hip-hop culture.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The earliest precursor to the modern rap is the West African griot tradition, in which \"oral historians\", or \"praise-singers\", would disseminate oral traditions and genealogies, or use their formidable rhetorical techniques for gossip or to \"praise or critique individuals.\"", "Rapping __knowledge__ Griot traditions connect to rap along a lineage of Black verbal reverence that goes back to ancient Egyptian practices, through James Brown interacting with the crowd and the band between songs, to Muhammad Ali's quick-witted verbal taunts and the palpitating poems of the Last Poets.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Therefore, rap lyrics and music are part of the \"Black rhetorical continuum\", and aim to reuse elements of past traditions while expanding upon them through \"creative use of language and rhetorical styles and strategies.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Gangsta rap __knowledge__ Gangsta rap or gangster rap consists with themes and lyrics that generally emphasize the \"gangsta\" lifestyle.", "Gangsta rap __knowledge__ The genre evolved from hardcore rap into a distinct form, pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as Schoolly D and Ice-T, and was popularized in the later part of the 1980s by groups like N.W.A.", "Gangsta rap __knowledge__ After the national attention that Ice-T and N.W.A attracted in the late 1980s and early 1990s, gangsta rap became the most commercially lucrative subgenre of hip hop.", "Gangsta rap __knowledge__ Many (if not most) gangsta rap artists openly boast of their associations with various active street gangs as part of their artistic image, with the Bloods and Crips being the most commonly represented.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music arrived in Cuba via radio and TV broadcasts from Miami.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ During the 1980s hip hop culture in Cuba was mainly centred on breakdancing.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ But by the 1990s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of the Special Period, young \"raperos\" were seeking ways to express their frustrations.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Initially hip hop was viewed with suspicion, not just by the government, but by many in the community as well.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ With raperos emulating US rappers' aggressive posturing and lyrical content, hip hop was seen as just another cultural invasion from the US, bringing with it the violence and problems of the ghettos.", "Misogyny in rap music __knowledge__ Misogyny in rap music refers to lyrics, videos or other aspects of rap music that support, glorify, justify, or normalize the objectification, exploitation, or victimization of women.", "Misogyny in rap music __knowledge__ It can range from innuendoes to stereotypical characterizations and defamations.", "Misogyny in rap music __knowledge__ Scholars have proposed various explanations for the presence of misogyny in rap music.", "Misogyny in rap music __knowledge__ Some have argued that rap artists use misogynistic lyrics and portrayals of women as a way to assert their masculinity or to demonstrate their authenticity as rappers.", "Misogyny in rap music __knowledge__ Others have suggested that rap music is a product of its environment, reflecting mainstream attitudes toward women, and that rap artists have internalized negative stereotypes about women." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping (or rhyming, spitting, emceeing, MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates \"rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular\", which is performed or chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a backbeat or musical accompaniment.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The components of rap include \"content\" (what is being said), \"flow\" (rhythm, rhyme), and \"delivery\" (cadence, tone).", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is usually performed in time to an instrumental track.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap is often associated with, and is a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon predate hip-hop culture.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The earliest precursor to the modern rap is the West African griot tradition, in which \"oral historians\", or \"praise-singers\", would disseminate oral traditions and genealogies, or use their formidable rhetorical techniques for gossip or to \"praise or critique individuals.\"", "Rapping __knowledge__ Griot traditions connect to rap along a lineage of Black verbal reverence that goes back to ancient Egyptian practices, through James Brown interacting with the crowd and the band between songs, to Muhammad Ali's quick-witted verbal taunts and the palpitating poems of the Last Poets.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Therefore, rap lyrics and music are part of the \"Black rhetorical continuum\", and aim to reuse elements of past traditions while expanding upon them through \"creative use of language and rhetorical styles and strategies.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "Henry VI, Part 3 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 3 (often written as 3 Henry VI) is a history play by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 3 __knowledge__ Whereas \"1 Henry VI\" deals with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses and \"2 Henry VI\" focuses on the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, and the inevitability of armed conflict, \"3 Henry VI\" deals primarily with the horrors of that conflict, with the once stable nation thrown into chaos and barbarism as families break down and moral codes are subverted in the pursuit of revenge and power.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 1, often referred to as 1 Henry VI, is a history play by William Shakespeare, possibly in collaboration with Christopher Marlowe and Thomas Nashe, believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Whereas \"Henry VI, Part 2\" deals with the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, and the inevitability of armed conflict, and \"Henry VI, Part 3\" deals with the horrors of that conflict, \"Henry VI, Part 1\" deals with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses, as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Though most literary scholars reject all alternative authorship candidates, including Oxford, popular interest in the Oxfordian theory continues.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Since the 1920s, the Oxfordian theory has been the most popular alternative Shakespeare authorship theory.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution – title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records – sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in Italy in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ An early example of Italian literature is the tradition of vernacular lyric poetry performed in Occitan, which reached Italy by the end of the 12th century.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ In 1230, the Sicilian School is notable for being the first style in standard Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Dante Alighieri, one of the greatest of Italian poets, is notable for his \"Divine Comedy\".", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Petrarch did classical research and wrote lyric poetry.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Illmatic is the debut studio album by American rapper Nas.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 1994, by Columbia Records.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ After signing with the label with the help of MC Serch, Nas recorded the album in 1992 and 1993 at Chung King Studios, D&D Recording, Battery Studios, and Unique Recording Studios in New York City.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Its production was handled by DJ Premier, Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, L.E.S.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ and Nas himself.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Styled as a hardcore hip hop album, \"Illmatic\" features multi-syllabic internal rhymes and inner-city narratives based on Nas's experiences in Queensbridge, New York.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 60,000 copies in its first week.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Jonathan A. Rapping is an American criminal defense attorney, founder and president of Gideon's Promise, and professor of law at Atlanta's John Marshall Law School and Harvard Law School.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping received the MacArthur \"Genius\" Award in 2014.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping regularly writes about issues related to criminal defense and the criminal justice system.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ He is a contributor for The Nation, Talk Poverty, The National Association For Public Defense, and The Huffington Post.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ He also maintains a blog called Fulfilling the Promise: Insights to Forging a Path to Meaningful Justice Reform.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping grew up in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping (or rhyming, spitting, emceeing, MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates \"rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular\", which is performed or chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a backbeat or musical accompaniment.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The components of rap include \"content\" (what is being said), \"flow\" (rhythm, rhyme), and \"delivery\" (cadence, tone).", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is usually performed in time to an instrumental track.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap is often associated with, and is a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon predate hip-hop culture.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The earliest precursor to the modern rap is the West African griot tradition, in which \"oral historians\", or \"praise-singers\", would disseminate oral traditions and genealogies, or use their formidable rhetorical techniques for gossip or to \"praise or critique individuals.\"", "Rapping __knowledge__ Griot traditions connect to rap along a lineage of Black verbal reverence that goes back to ancient Egyptian practices, through James Brown interacting with the crowd and the band between songs, to Muhammad Ali's quick-witted verbal taunts and the palpitating poems of the Last Poets.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Therefore, rap lyrics and music are part of the \"Black rhetorical continuum\", and aim to reuse elements of past traditions while expanding upon them through \"creative use of language and rhetorical styles and strategies.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Emotion (stylized as E•MO•TION) is the third studio album by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 24, 2015 in Japan and on August 21, 2015 worldwide through 604, School Boy, and Interscope Records.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Looking to transition from the bubblegum pop-oriented nature of her second studio album \"Kiss\" (2012), Jepsen found inspiration in 1980s music and alternative styles.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ She enlisted a team of mainstream and indie collaborators, including Sia, Mattman & Robin, Dev Hynes, Ariel Rechtshaid and Rostam Batmanglij, culminating in a largely synth-pop-centric effort.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ \"Emotion\" received acclaim from contemporary music critics, who praised its pop escapism, but were divided over its lyrical content.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ \"I Really Like You\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen for her third studio album, \"Emotion\" (2015).", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ It was written by Jepsen, Jacob Kasher Hindlin, Peter Svensson, Steve DaMar, and produced by Svensson.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ The song was released as the album's lead single on 2 March 2015.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ \"I Really Like You\" peaked at number fourteen on the Canadian Hot 100.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ Internationally, the song peaked within the top ten of the charts in Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Japan, the Republic of Ireland, South Africa and the United Kingdom, while peaking within the top twenty of the charts in Austria, Germany, Slovakia, and Switzerland.", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ \"People Like Us\" is a song by American singer Kelly Clarkson, from her first greatest hits album, \"Greatest Hits – Chapter One\" (2012).", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ One of the three songs recorded for the compilation, it was released as its third and final single through RCA Records on April 8, 2013.", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ Written by Meghan Kabir, James Michael, Blair Daly, and produced by Greg Kurstin, \"People Like Us\" is an uptempo pop song, with its lyrical content primarily dealing with themes of empowerment, acceptance, and assurance for the eccentrics, who were being dedicated to as \"people like us\".", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ Upon \"Chapter One\"s release, \"People Like Us\" received positive reviews from music critics, many of whom complimented its lyrical content and Clarkson's vocal performance.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Weapons of Class Destruction __knowledge__ \"Weapons of Class Destruction\" is the eighteenth episode of the first season of the American mystery television series \"Veronica Mars\".", "Weapons of Class Destruction __knowledge__ Written by Jed Seidel and directed by John Kretchmer, the episode premiered on UPN on April 12, 2005.", "Weapons of Class Destruction __knowledge__ The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective.", "Weapons of Class Destruction __knowledge__ In this episode, Veronica investigates the persistent bomb threats at her school.", "Weapons of Class Destruction __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Keith (Enrico Colantoni) begins dating Alicia Fennel (Erica Gimpel), and Veronica's relationship with Logan (Jason Dohring) progresses.", "Strange Clouds (album) __knowledge__ Strange Clouds is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist B.o.B, released on May 1, 2012, under Grand Hustle Records, Rebel Rock Entertainment, and Atlantic Records.", "Strange Clouds (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Morgan Freeman, Taylor Swift, Lil Wayne, Chris Brown, T.I., Nicki Minaj, Ryan Tedder, Lauriana Mae, Playboy Tre, Trey Songz, Nelly and Roscoe Dash while the production was handled by Dr. Luke, Cirkut, Ryan Tedder, Lil' C, Mynority, Stargate, Frequency, Mike WiLL Made It, P-Nasty, Super Water Sympathy, Kutta, Billboard, Jamieson Jones, Jim Jonsin and B.o.B himself.", "Strange Clouds (album) __knowledge__ B.o.B first spoke of the album, back in May 2011 in an interview with MTV.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music arrived in Cuba via radio and TV broadcasts from Miami.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ During the 1980s hip hop culture in Cuba was mainly centred on breakdancing.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ But by the 1990s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of the Special Period, young \"raperos\" were seeking ways to express their frustrations.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Initially hip hop was viewed with suspicion, not just by the government, but by many in the community as well.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ With raperos emulating US rappers' aggressive posturing and lyrical content, hip hop was seen as just another cultural invasion from the US, bringing with it the violence and problems of the ghettos.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ Asian hip hop is a heterogeneous musical genre that covers all hip hop music as recorded and produced by artists of Asian origin.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The first Chinese rap song was done by Harlem Yu of Taiwan in the early 80s which was parallel to the early New York 80s rap songs.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the Early 90s L.A. Boyz brought hip hop of the 90s from the US to Taiwan which then started the trend that spreads into Taiwan and the rest of the Chinese speaking world.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The early Taiwan youth rap group like The Party and TTM were both participate underground and mainstream.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the late 90s Softhard and LMF in Hong Kong, has participate in Chinese hip hop/rap movement but since it was in Cantonese dialect it has not got that much publicity in both Taiwan and Mainland China(Mandarin speaking region)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping (or rhyming, spitting, emceeing, MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates \"rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular\", which is performed or chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a backbeat or musical accompaniment.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The components of rap include \"content\" (what is being said), \"flow\" (rhythm, rhyme), and \"delivery\" (cadence, tone).", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is usually performed in time to an instrumental track.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap is often associated with, and is a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon predate hip-hop culture.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The earliest precursor to the modern rap is the West African griot tradition, in which \"oral historians\", or \"praise-singers\", would disseminate oral traditions and genealogies, or use their formidable rhetorical techniques for gossip or to \"praise or critique individuals.\"", "Rapping __knowledge__ Griot traditions connect to rap along a lineage of Black verbal reverence that goes back to ancient Egyptian practices, through James Brown interacting with the crowd and the band between songs, to Muhammad Ali's quick-witted verbal taunts and the palpitating poems of the Last Poets.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Therefore, rap lyrics and music are part of the \"Black rhetorical continuum\", and aim to reuse elements of past traditions while expanding upon them through \"creative use of language and rhetorical styles and strategies.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ \"Nothing Really Matters\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her seventh studio album, \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was produced by the singer with William Orbit and Marius De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ The song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on March 2, 1999 by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ An EDM track on which Madonna experiments with different musical genres, \"Nothing Really Matters\" includes ambient music and electronic noise frequencies that were added by De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ Lyrically, the recording delves on the singer's first daughter Lourdes Leon, having also themes of selfishness, affection, and motherhood.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ Asian hip hop is a heterogeneous musical genre that covers all hip hop music as recorded and produced by artists of Asian origin.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The first Chinese rap song was done by Harlem Yu of Taiwan in the early 80s which was parallel to the early New York 80s rap songs.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the Early 90s L.A. Boyz brought hip hop of the 90s from the US to Taiwan which then started the trend that spreads into Taiwan and the rest of the Chinese speaking world.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The early Taiwan youth rap group like The Party and TTM were both participate underground and mainstream.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the late 90s Softhard and LMF in Hong Kong, has participate in Chinese hip hop/rap movement but since it was in Cantonese dialect it has not got that much publicity in both Taiwan and Mainland China(Mandarin speaking region).", "British hip hop __knowledge__ British hip hop (sometimes informally referred to as \"Brit-Hop\", a term coined & popularized by British Vogue magazine.)", "British hip hop __knowledge__ is a genre of music, and a culture that covers a variety of styles of hip hop music made in Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland (Great Britain).", "British hip hop __knowledge__ It is generally classified as one of a number of styles of urban music.", "British hip hop __knowledge__ British hip hop was originally influenced by the dub/toasting introduced to the United Kingdom by Jamaican migrants in the 1960s–70s, who eventually developed uniquely influenced rapping (or speed-toasting) in order to match the rhythm of the ever-increasing pace and aggression of Jamaican-influenced dub in the UK and to describe street/gang violence, similar to that in the US.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping (or rhyming, spitting, emceeing, MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates \"rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular\", which is performed or chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a backbeat or musical accompaniment.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The components of rap include \"content\" (what is being said), \"flow\" (rhythm, rhyme), and \"delivery\" (cadence, tone).", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is usually performed in time to an instrumental track.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Rap is often associated with, and is a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon predate hip-hop culture.", "Rapping __knowledge__ The earliest precursor to the modern rap is the West African griot tradition, in which \"oral historians\", or \"praise-singers\", would disseminate oral traditions and genealogies, or use their formidable rhetorical techniques for gossip or to \"praise or critique individuals.\"", "Rapping __knowledge__ Griot traditions connect to rap along a lineage of Black verbal reverence that goes back to ancient Egyptian practices, through James Brown interacting with the crowd and the band between songs, to Muhammad Ali's quick-witted verbal taunts and the palpitating poems of the Last Poets.", "Rapping __knowledge__ Therefore, rap lyrics and music are part of the \"Black rhetorical continuum\", and aim to reuse elements of past traditions while expanding upon them through \"creative use of language and rhetorical styles and strategies.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Michael Bloomberg served as the 108th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2013.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He first won election in 2001, and he won re-election in 2005 and 2009.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg said he wanted reforming public education to be the legacy of his first term and addressing poverty to be the legacy of his second.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He was known as a political pragmatist and for a managerial style that reflected his experience in the private sector.", "Mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg chose to apply a statistical, results-based approach to city management, appointing city commissioners based on their expertise and granting them wide autonomy in their decision-making.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States at noon EST on January 20, 2017, succeeding Barack Obama.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump, the Republican nominee, was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his victory in the 2016 presidential election over the Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, to whom he lost the popular vote by 3 million votes while winning the electoral college.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His running mate, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, took office as the 48th Vice President of the United States on the same day.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's term in office is set to end on January 20, 2021, though he is eligible for election to a second term and has declared his intention to run, announcing his re-election campaign on the day of his inauguration.", "Babe Carey __knowledge__ Babe Carey is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\".", "Babe Carey __knowledge__ She was originally portrayed by actress Alexa Havins, from October 13, 2003, to October 8, 2007, and then by actress Amanda Baker from October 8, 2007, to October 31, 2008.", "Babe Carey __knowledge__ The character was killed off on the October 23, 2008 episode of the show, after suffering injuries during a series of tornadoes.", "Babe Carey __knowledge__ In September 2011, Babe (Havins) briefly returned to Pine Valley as an apparition appearing to JR.", "Babe Carey __knowledge__ Though originally scripted as age 19 in 2003, in a star-crossed romance with character JR Chandler, Babe's birth date was later set by the series as April 10, 1983, upon the character's death.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan to this day.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It has been called \"the single most important document in New York City's development,\" and the plan has been described as encompassing the \"republican predilection for control and balance ... [and] distrust of nature.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It was described by the Commission that created it as combining \"beauty, order and convenience.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The plan originated when the Common Council of New York City, seeking to provide for the orderly development and sale of the land of Manhattan between 14th Street and Washington Heights, but unable to do so itself for reasons of local politics and objections from property owners, asked the New York State Legislature to step in.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born February 14, 1942) is an American businessman, author, politician, and philanthropist.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ As of January 2018, his net worth was estimated at $52.7 billion, making him the 7th-richest person in the United States and the 10th richest person in the world.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ He has joined The Giving Pledge, whereby billionaires pledge to give away at least half of their wealth.", "Michael Bloomberg __knowledge__ Bloomberg is the founder, CEO, and owner of Bloomberg L.P., a global financial services, mass media, and software company that bears his name, and is notable for its Bloomberg Terminal, a computer software system providing financial data widely used in the global financial services industry.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ The Bronx () is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U.S. state of New York.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ It is geographically south of Westchester County; north and east of the island and borough of Manhattan to the south and west across the Harlem River; and north of the borough of Queens, across the East River.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one that has the majority of its area on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of and a population of 1,455,720 in 2016, has the fourth-largest land area, the fourth-highest population, and the third-highest population density.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Since 1914, the Bronx has had the same boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York and the third most densely populated county in the United States.", "West Bronx __knowledge__ The West Bronx is a region in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "West Bronx __knowledge__ The region lies west of the Bronx River and roughly corresponds to the western half of the borough.", "West Bronx __knowledge__ The West Bronx is more densely populated than the East Bronx, and is closer to Upper Manhattan.", "West Bronx __knowledge__ From the late 17th century to the middle 19th century this included the central and southern part of the Town of Yonkers, but then became the separate Town of Kingsbridge.", "West Bronx __knowledge__ In 1874, the then towns of Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania were transferred to New York County, becoming the first area outside Manhattan to be annexed by the City of New York.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ Lanreotide (INN) is a medication used in the management of acromegaly and symptoms caused by neuroendocrine tumors, most notably carcinoid syndrome.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ It is a long-acting analogue of somatostatin, like octreotide.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ Its sequence is H-D-2Nal-Cys(1)-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys(1)-Thr-NH2.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ Lanreotide (as lanreotide acetate) is manufactured by Ipsen, and marketed under the trade name Somatuline.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ It is available in several countries, including the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada, and was approved for sale in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on August 30, 2007.", "Lanreotide __knowledge__ Lanreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin, a naturally occurring inhibitory hormone which blocks the release of several other hormones, including growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), insulin and glucagon.", "East Bronx __knowledge__ The East Bronx is that part of the New York City borough of the Bronx which lies east of the Bronx River; this roughly corresponds to the eastern half of the borough.", "East Bronx __knowledge__ Neighborhoods include: Harding Park, Soundview, Castle Hill, Parkchester, Westchester Square, Edgewater Park, Van Nest, Pelham Parkway, Morris Park, Throggs Neck, Country Club, City Island, Pelham Bay, Williamsbridge, Eastchester, Baychester, Edenwald, Wakefield, Bronx, and Co-op City.", "East Bronx __knowledge__ Much of the East Bronx is farther from Manhattan than its western counterpart, and less densely populated.", "East Bronx __knowledge__ While the West Bronx is older and very hilly, the East Bronx looks distinct in that it is not only later-settled but also very flat and coastal, much like the nearby borough of Queens.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ Mott Haven is a primarily residential neighborhood in the southwestern section of the Bronx borough in New York City.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ Zip codes include 10451, 10454, and 10455.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 1.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are East 149th Street to the north, the Bruckner Expressway to the east, the Bronx Kill waterway to the south, and the Harlem River to the west.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ East 138th Street is the primary east-west thoroughfare through Mott Haven.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ The local subway line is the IRT Pelham Line (), operating along East 138th Street.", "Mott Haven, Bronx __knowledge__ The local buses are the .", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ Adolfo Carrión Jr. (born March 6, 1961) is a businessman and former elected official from City Island, located in New York City, New York.", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ He has two sisters Lizette Carrión, and Elizabeth Carrión-Stevens.", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ His nephew is Benjamin Stevens, the lead singer of the Boston-based band Juice.", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ He served for seven years as the Borough President of the Bronx, for a year and five months as the first director of the Office of Urban Affairs in the Obama Administration, and then for nearly two years as Regional Administrator for HUD's New York and New Jersey Regional Office.", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ He left HUD in February 2012.", "Adolfo Carrión Jr. __knowledge__ In late 2012, Carrión left the Democratic Party to begin exploring a run for Mayor of New York City, and in February 2013 he was granted the Independence Party nomination." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 45, 47, 8 ]

[ "Well, would it help to know that rapping is like poetry performed in time to music? ", "Rapping is a critical part of hip hop music. There wouldn't be hip hop music without rap.", "Hip hop is a relatively new genre since it was developed in the 1970's.", "I don't know who, but it started in the South or West Bronx.", "So true! Especially considering New York City is the most populous in the US." ]

[ "Rapping", "Rapping", "Rapping", "Rapping", "Rapping" ]

[ "Desert\nI love riding thru the desert!", "I've never heard of a cold and snowy desert. But the hot and sandy desert has a different terrain than I am use to.", "It amazes me that cactus's can get as big as they do. I am use to them only being about the size of my hand.", "A convertible would be nice. That way I could see things without having interference but yet still have air conditioning if needed." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location.", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts are formed by weathering processes as large variations in temperature between day and night put strains on the rocks which consequently break in pieces.", "Desert __knowledge__ Although rain seldom occurs in deserts, there are occasional downpours that can result in flash floods.", "Desert __knowledge__ Rain falling on hot rocks can cause them to shatter and the resulting fragments and rubble strewn over the desert floor is further eroded by the wind.", "Desert __knowledge__ This picks up particles of sand and dust and wafts them aloft in sand or dust storms.", "Desert __knowledge__ Wind-blown sand grains striking any solid object in their path can abrade the surface.", "Capture of Damascus (1918) __knowledge__ The Capture of Damascus occurred on 1 October 1918 after the capture of Haifa and the victory at the Battle of Samakh which opened the way for the pursuit north from the Sea of Galilee and the Third Transjordan attack which opened the way to Deraa and the inland pursuit, after the decisive Egyptian Expeditionary Force victory at the Battle of Megiddo during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I. Damascus was captured when Desert Mounted Corps and Prince Feisal's Sherifial Hejaz Army encircled the city, after a cavalry pursuit northwards along the two main roads to Damascus.", "Capture of Damascus (1918) __knowledge__ During the pursuit to Damascus, many rearguards established by remnants of the Fourth, Seventh and Eighth Armies, were attacked and captured.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ Ophir Kutiel (; born April 21st 1982), professionally known as Kutiman, is an Israeli musician, composer, producer and animator.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ He is best known for creating the online music video project, \"ThruYOU\", a self-titled album, and the viral on-going series \"Thru the City\" .", "Kutiman __knowledge__ Kutiel was born in Jerusalem, Israel, and grew up in Zichron Yaacov.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ He commenced piano lessons at the age of six and then learned to play drums and guitar at 14 years of age.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ When Kutiel was 18, he moved to Tel Aviv to study jazz at Rimon Music College.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ While working at a local convenience store in Tel Aviv, Israel, Kutiel discovered a college radio station that was playing genres of music that were vastly different from the classical jazz he had been accustomed to up until that point in time.", "ASW Distillery __knowledge__ ASW Distillery is a manufacturer of distilled spirits located in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.", "ASW Distillery __knowledge__ It is the second legally licensed distillery in Atlanta since the end of American Prohibition and distilled the first single malt whiskey in Atlanta history.", "ASW Distillery __knowledge__ The distillery operates, along with a tasting room, in 6,500 square feet of a retrofitted industrial space in Atlanta's Armour Yard district, near SweetWater Brewery.", "ASW Distillery __knowledge__ ASW Distillery makes its spirits in small batches, predominantly in copper pot stills, including a 500-gallon wash still and a 300-gallon spirit still manufactured by the Louisville, Kentucky-based Vendome Copper & Brass Works.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking, or through-hiking, is hiking a long-distance trail end-to-end within one hiking season.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ In United States, the term is most commonly associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), and the Continental Divide Trail (CDT), but also refers to other end-to-end hikes.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Other examples include the Te Araroa Trail in New Zealand, the Camino de Santiago in Spain, the Via Francigena in France and Italy, the Lycian Way in Turkey, the Israel National Trail, and the Great Divide Trail (GDT) in Canada.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking is also called \"end-to-end hiking\" or \"end-to-ending\" on some trails, like Vermont's Long Trail or New York's Long Path and Northville–Placid Trail.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ Darren Gauci (born 26 December 1965, in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian professional jockey.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ Gauci is one of Australia's most successful and durable jockeys.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ He won the Senior Victorian Jockeys Premiership in 1983-84, 1985–86, and 1990–91.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ He has come close to winning Australian racing's greatest prize on three occasions, with seconds in the Melbourne Cup on Chagemar (1984), Super Impose (1989), and On A Jeune (2005).", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ Gauci has been successful in 35 Group 1 races.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ For several years, Gauci also rode with great success in Hong Kong.", "Darren Gauci __knowledge__ Gauci won five races on trainer Lee Freedman's champion Super Impose, including an Epsom Handicap (1990), and rode Lonhro to victory in the Caulfield Guineas (2001) and the St George Stakes (2004) in his two rides on the \"black flash\".", "Call For Action __knowledge__ Call For Action is the name given to telephone \"help lines\" maintained by media outlets in the United States and abroad.", "Call For Action __knowledge__ The mission of Call For Action is to empower consumers by giving them a voice larger than their own.", "Call For Action __knowledge__ This is accomplished by volunteers across the country, who are trained to assist consumers through mediation and education in order to resolve problems with businesses, government agencies and other organizations.", "Call For Action __knowledge__ The services are free, confidential and available to all individuals and small businesses.", "Call For Action __knowledge__ Call For Action provides broadcast partners with a highly effective, low cost way to serve their community, while generating unique localized content." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location.", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts are formed by weathering processes as large variations in temperature between day and night put strains on the rocks which consequently break in pieces.", "Desert __knowledge__ Although rain seldom occurs in deserts, there are occasional downpours that can result in flash floods.", "Desert __knowledge__ Rain falling on hot rocks can cause them to shatter and the resulting fragments and rubble strewn over the desert floor is further eroded by the wind.", "Desert __knowledge__ This picks up particles of sand and dust and wafts them aloft in sand or dust storms.", "Desert __knowledge__ Wind-blown sand grains striking any solid object in their path can abrade the surface.", "Geography of Western Australia __knowledge__ Western Australia occupies nearly one third of the Australian continent.", "Geography of Western Australia __knowledge__ Due to the size and the isolation of the state, considerable emphasis has been made of these features; it is the second largest administrative territory in the world, after Yakutia in Russia, and no other regional administrative jurisdiction in the world occupies such a high percentage of a continental land mass.", "Geography of Western Australia __knowledge__ It is also the only first level administrative subdivision to occupy the entire continental coastline in one cardinal direction.", "Geography of Western Australia __knowledge__ Its capital city, Perth, is also considered to be amongst the world's most isolated, being closer to Jakarta in Indonesia, than to the Australian national capital in Canberra.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ The Great Sandy Desert, an interim Australian bioregion, is located in the North West of Western Australia straddling the Pilbara and southern Kimberley regions.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ It is the second largest desert in Australia after the Great Victoria Desert and encompasses an area of The Gibson Desert lies to the south and the Tanami Desert lies to the east of the Great Sandy Desert.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ The Great Sandy Desert contains large ergs, often consisting of longitudinal dunes.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ In the North East of the desert, there is a well-known meteorite impact crater, i.e.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ the Wolfe Creek.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ The region is sparsely populated.", "Great Sandy Desert __knowledge__ The main populations consist of indigenous Australian communities and mining centers.", "Dubai __knowledge__ Dubai ( ; \"\", Gulf pronunciation: ) is the largest and most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).", "Dubai __knowledge__ It is located on the southeast coast of the Persian Gulf and is the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, one of the seven emirates that make up the country.", "Dubai __knowledge__ Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the country's Federal Supreme Council.", "Dubai __knowledge__ The city of Dubai is located on the emirate's northern coastline and heads the Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area.", "Dubai __knowledge__ Dubai will host World Expo 2020.", "Dubai __knowledge__ Dubai emerged as a global city and business hub of the Middle East.", "Goravan Sands Sanctuary __knowledge__ Goravan Sands Sanctuary, is a state protected area in Ararat Province, Armenia.", "Goravan Sands Sanctuary __knowledge__ The Goravan Sands Sanctuary is a protected nature area within the Ararat Province of the Republic of Armenia.", "Goravan Sands Sanctuary __knowledge__ The reservation was established by the government of the former Armenian Soviet Republlic in 1959 in order to protect the unique flora and fauna of the largest (about 200 ha) known residual of sandy semideserts in Armenia.", "Goravan Sands Sanctuary __knowledge__ This reservation is a home for about 160 species of vascular plants, at least 36 species of vertebrate animals (Tadevosyan, 2001, 2002), as well as numerous lower plants, fungy, lichenes, and invertebrates which were not summarized in the literature yet.", "Snowy River __knowledge__ The Snowy River is a major river in south-eastern Australia.", "Snowy River __knowledge__ It originates on the slopes of Mount Kosciuszko, Australia's highest mainland peak, draining the eastern slopes of the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales, before flowing through the Alpine National Park and the Snowy River National Park in Victoria and emptying into Bass Strait.", "Snowy River __knowledge__ While the river’s course and surroundings have remained almost entirely unchanged, the majority of it being protected by the Snowy River National Park, its flow was drastically reduced in the mid 20th century, to less than 1% (as measured at Jindabyne), after the construction of four large dams (Guthega, Island Bend, Eucumbene, and Jindabyne) and many smaller diversion structures in its headwaters in New South Wales, as part of the Snowy Mountains Scheme.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ Australia's climate is governed largely by its size and by the hot, sinking air of the subtropical high pressure belt.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ This moves north and south with the seasons.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ But it is variable, with frequent droughts lasting several seasons—thought to be caused in part by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ The climate varies widely due to its large geographical size, but by far the largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil.", "Climate of Australia __knowledge__ The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, varied between tropical rainforests, grasslands and desert.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ The great horned owl (\"Bubo virginianus\"), also known as the tiger owl (originally derived from early naturalists' description as the \"winged tiger\" or \"tiger of the air\") or the hoot owl, is a large owl native to the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ It is an extremely adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ Its primary diet is rabbits and hares, rats and mice and voles, although it freely hunts any animal it can overtake, including rodents and other small mammals, larger mid-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ In ornithological study, the great horned owl is often compared to the Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\"), a closely related species which, despite the latter's notably larger size, occupies the same ecological niche in Eurasia, and the red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\"), with which it often shares similar habitat, prey and nesting habits by day and is thus something of a diurnal ecological equivalent.", "Great Basin Desert __knowledge__ The Great Basin Desert is part of the Great Basin between the Sierra Nevada and the Wasatch Range.", "Great Basin Desert __knowledge__ The desert is a geographical region that largely overlaps the Great Basin shrub steppe defined by the World Wildlife Fund, and the Central Basin and Range ecoregion defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and United States Geological Survey.", "Great Basin Desert __knowledge__ It is a temperate desert with hot, dry summers and snowy winters.", "Great Basin Desert __knowledge__ The desert spans a large part of the state of Nevada, and extends into western Utah, eastern California, and Idaho.", "Great Basin Desert __knowledge__ The desert is one of the four biologically defined deserts in North America, in addition to the Mojave, Sonoran, and Chihuahuan Deserts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location.", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts are formed by weathering processes as large variations in temperature between day and night put strains on the rocks which consequently break in pieces.", "Desert __knowledge__ Although rain seldom occurs in deserts, there are occasional downpours that can result in flash floods.", "Desert __knowledge__ Rain falling on hot rocks can cause them to shatter and the resulting fragments and rubble strewn over the desert floor is further eroded by the wind.", "Desert __knowledge__ This picks up particles of sand and dust and wafts them aloft in sand or dust storms.", "Desert __knowledge__ Wind-blown sand grains striking any solid object in their path can abrade the surface.", "Mick Foley __knowledge__ Michael Francis \"Mick\" Foley Sr. (born June 7, 1965) is a retired American professional wrestler and color commentator currently signed to WWE.", "Mick Foley __knowledge__ Foley has worked for many wrestling promotions, including the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and Global Wrestling Federation (GWF), as well as numerous promotions in Japan.", "Mick Foley __knowledge__ Foley is widely regarded as one of the greatest wrestlers in the history of WWE, where he participated in the main event of WrestleManias XV and 2000 – as a special guest referee in the former.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ Hiroshi was ordered to collect the fruit of cactus and was transferred to Mexico.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ So, Nohara family had to move to Mexico and live there.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ They had to bid farewell to their acquaintances and the citizens of Kasukabe with tears.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ Shinnosuke heard that Mexican young girls are stylish and beautiful and became eager for this journey.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ On arriving at Madakueruyobaka city in Mexico, a new life full of anxiety, surrounded by unique neighbours awaits them.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ But Shinnosuke and Nohara family had no idea that flesh-eating killer cactuses are going to attack.", "Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! __knowledge__ Now it is up to Nohara family along with the neighbours of Mexico to overcome this trouble.", "Cactus __knowledge__ A cactus (plural: \"cacti\", \"cactuses\", or \"cactus\") is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales.", "Cactus __knowledge__ The word \"cactus\" derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek , \"kaktos\", a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Many live in extremely dry environments, even being found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Cactus Air Force __knowledge__ Cactus Air Force refers to the ensemble of Allied air power assigned to the island of Guadalcanal from August 1942 until December 1942 during the early stages of the Guadalcanal Campaign, particularly those operating from Henderson Field.", "Cactus Air Force __knowledge__ After December, the official name of the unit became Aircraft, Solomons (AirSols), but Cactus Air Force was still used frequently to refer to the organization.", "Cactus Air Force __knowledge__ The term \"Cactus\" comes from the Allied code name for the island.", "Cactus Air Force __knowledge__ In April 1943 the organization was redesignated as AirSols.", "Cactus Air Force __knowledge__ On 7 December 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.", "John Berry (singer) __knowledge__ John Edward Berry (born September 14, 1959) is an American country music artist.", "John Berry (singer) __knowledge__ Active as a recording artist since 1979, he has recorded more than twenty studio albums, including one platinum album and two gold albums.", "John Berry (singer) __knowledge__ In his career, Berry has also charted nineteen songs on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts, including the Number One single \"Your Love Amazes Me\" from 1994 and six additional Top Ten hits: \"What's In It for Me,\" \"You and Only You,\" \"Standing on the Edge of Goodbye,\" \"I Think About It All the Time,\" \"Change My Mind,\" and \"She's Taken a Shine.\"", "John Berry (singer) __knowledge__ A \"Country Weekly\" article said of Berry \"John's greatest strength is his pure, soulful tenor\" a 2006 interview with The Entertainment Nexus described him as \"one of the most remarkable voices in music.\"", "Cactoblastis cactorum __knowledge__ Cactoblastis cactorum, the cactus moth, South American cactus moth or nopal moth, is native to Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and southern Brazil.", "Cactoblastis cactorum __knowledge__ It is one of five species in the genus \"Cactoblastis\" that inhabit South America, where many parasitoids and pathogens control the expansion of the moths' population.", "Cactoblastis cactorum __knowledge__ This species has been introduced into many areas outside its natural range, including Australia, the Caribbean, and South Africa.", "Cactoblastis cactorum __knowledge__ In some locations, it has spread uncontrollably and was consequently classified an invasive species.", "Cactoblastis cactorum __knowledge__ However, in other places such as Australia, it has gained favor for its role in the biological control of cacti from the genus \"Opuntia\", such as prickly pear.", "Desert climate __knowledge__ The Desert climate (in the Köppen climate classification \"BWh\" and \"BWk\", sometimes also \"BWn\"), also known as an arid climate, is a climate in which precipitation is too low to sustain any vegetation at all, or at most a very scanty shrub, and does not meet the criteria to be classified as a polar climate.", "Desert climate __knowledge__ An area that features this climate usually experiences from 25 to 200 mm (7.87 inches) per year of precipitation and in some years may experience no precipitation at all.", "Desert climate __knowledge__ Averages may be even less such as in Arica, Chile, where precipitation normals annually stand at around 1 mm per year.", "Desert climate __knowledge__ In some instances, an area may experience more than 200 mm of precipitation annually, but is considered a desert climate because the region loses more water via evapotranspiration than falls as precipitation (Tucson, Arizona and Alice Springs, Northern Territory are examples of this).", "Sahara __knowledge__ The Sahara (, \", 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic.", "Sahara __knowledge__ Its area of is comparable to the area of China or the United States.", "Sahara __knowledge__ The desert comprises much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the Mediterranean Sea coast, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley in Egypt and Sudan.", "Sahara __knowledge__ It stretches from the Red Sea in the east and the Mediterranean in the north to the Atlantic Ocean in the west, where the landscape gradually changes from desert to coastal plains.", "Sahara __knowledge__ To the south, it is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of semi-arid tropical savanna around the Niger River valley and the Sudan Region of Sub-Saharan Africa.", "Rain __knowledge__ Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then becomes heavy enough to fall under gravity.", "Rain __knowledge__ Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth.", "Rain __knowledge__ It provides suitable conditions for many types of ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation.", "Rain __knowledge__ The major cause of rain production is moisture moving along three-dimensional zones of temperature and moisture contrasts known as weather fronts.", "Rain __knowledge__ If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds (those with strong upward vertical motion) such as cumulonimbus (thunder clouds) which can organize into narrow rainbands.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ Desert ecology is the study of interactions between both biotic and abiotic components of desert environments.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ A desert ecosystem is defined by interactions between organism populations, the climate in which they live, and any other non-living influences on the habitat.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ Deserts are arid regions with are generally associated with warm temperatures, however cold deserts also exist.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ Deserts can be found on every continent, with the largest being located in Antarctica, the Arctic, Northern Africa, and the Middle East.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ Deserts experience a wide range of temperatures and weather conditions.", "Desert ecology __knowledge__ They can be classified into four types: hot, semiarid, coastal, and cold.", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ Earth rainfall climatology Is the study of rainfall, a sub-field of Meteorology.", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ Formally, a wider study includes water falling as ice crystals, i.e.", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ hail, sleet, snow (parts of the hydrological cycle known as precipitation).", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ The aim of rainfall climatology is to measure, understand and predict rain distribution across different regions of planet Earth, a factor of air pressure, humidity, topography, cloud type and raindrop size, via direct measurement and remote sensing data acquisition.", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ Current technologies accurately predict rainfall 3–4 days in advance using numerical weather prediction.", "Earth rainfall climatology __knowledge__ Geostationary orbiting satellites gather IR and visual wavelength data to measure realtime localised rainfall by estimating cloud albedo, water content, and the corresponding probability of rain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location.", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts are formed by weathering processes as large variations in temperature between day and night put strains on the rocks which consequently break in pieces.", "Desert __knowledge__ Although rain seldom occurs in deserts, there are occasional downpours that can result in flash floods.", "Desert __knowledge__ Rain falling on hot rocks can cause them to shatter and the resulting fragments and rubble strewn over the desert floor is further eroded by the wind.", "Desert __knowledge__ This picks up particles of sand and dust and wafts them aloft in sand or dust storms.", "Desert __knowledge__ Wind-blown sand grains striking any solid object in their path can abrade the surface.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The Toyota Celica or is an automobile produced by Toyota from 1970 to 2006.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The Celica name was ultimately derived from the Latin word \"coelica\" meaning \"heavenly\" or \"celestial\".", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ In Japan, the Celica was exclusive to Toyota Japanese dealerships \"Toyota Corolla Store.\"", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ Throughout its life span the Celica has been powered by various four-cylinder engines.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ The most significant change occurred in August 1985, when the car's drive layout was changed from rear-wheel drive to front-wheel drive.", "Toyota Celica __knowledge__ During the first three generations, American market Celicas were powered by various versions of Toyota's R series engines.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Cadillac Eldorado is a personal luxury car that was manufactured and marketed by Cadillac from 1952 to 2002 over ten generations.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ Competitors and similar vehicles included the Lincoln Mark series, Buick Riviera, Oldsmobile Toronado and Chrysler's Imperial Coupe.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado was at or near the top of the Cadillac line during early model years.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The original 1953 Eldorado convertible and the Eldorado Brougham models of 1957–1960 were the most expensive models that Cadillac offered those years, and the Eldorado was never less than second in price after the Cadillac Series 75 until 1966.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado carried the Fleetwood designation from 1965 through 1972, and was a modern revival of the pre-war Cadillac V-12 and Cadillac V16 roadsters and convertibles.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con) is the process of removing heat from the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial environments.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ This process is most commonly used to achieve a more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans or animals; however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and store artwork.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 98 (sometimes spelled Ninety-Eight after 1958) is the full-size flagship model of Oldsmobile that was produced from 1940 until 1996.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The name — reflecting a \"Series 90\" fitted with an 8-cylinder engine — first appeared in 1941 and was used again after American consumer automobile production resumed post-World War II.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ It was, as it would remain, the division's top-of-the-line model, with lesser Oldsmobiles having lower numbers such as the A-body 66 and 68, and the B-body 76 and 78.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Series 60 was retired in 1949, the same year the Oldsmobile 78 was replaced by the 88.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 76 was retired after 1950.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador was the top-of-the-line automobile produced by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) from 1958 until 1974.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The vehicle was known as the AMC Ambassador, Ambassador V-8 by Rambler, and Rambler Ambassador at various times during its tenure in production.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Previously, the name Ambassador had applied to Nash's \"senior\" full-size cars.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador nameplate was used continuously from 1927 until 1974 (the name being a top-level trim line between 1927 and 1931); at the time it was discontinued, Ambassador was the longest continuously used nameplate in automotive history.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Most Ambassador models were built in Kenosha, Wisconsin.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Caprice is a full-sized automobile produced by Chevrolet in North America for the 1965 to 1996 model years.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Full-size Chevrolet sales peaked in 1965 with over a million sold.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ It was the most popular American car in the sixties and early seventies, which, during its lifetime, included the Biscayne, Bel Air, and Impala.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Introduced in mid-1965 as a luxury trim package for the Impala four-door hardtop, Chevrolet offered a full line of Caprice models for the 1966 and subsequent model years, including a \"formal hardtop\" coupe and an Estate station wagon.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The 1971 to 1976 models are the largest Chevrolets ever built.", "Oldsmobile 88 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 88 (known from 1989 onwards as the Eighty Eight) is a full-size car that was sold and produced by Oldsmobile from 1949 until 1999.", "Oldsmobile 88 __knowledge__ From 1950 to 1974 the 88 was the division's top-selling line, particularly the entry-level models such as the 88 and Dynamic 88.", "Oldsmobile 88 __knowledge__ The 88 series was also an image leader for Oldsmobile, particularly in the early years (1949–51) when it was one of the best performing automobiles thanks to its relatively small size, light weight and advanced overhead-valve high-compression V8 engine.", "Oldsmobile 88 __knowledge__ This engine, originally designed for the larger C-bodied and more luxurious 98 series, also replaced the straight-8 on the smaller B-bodied 78.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Erwin Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German general and military theorist.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Popularly known as the Desert Fox, he served as field marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Rommel was a highly decorated officer in World War I and was awarded the \"Pour le Mérite\" for his actions on the Italian Front.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ In 1937 he published his classic book on military tactics, \"Infantry Attacks\", drawing on his experiences from World War I.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ In World War II, he distinguished himself as the commander of the 7th Panzer Division during the 1940 invasion of France.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ His leadership of German and Italian forces in the North African Campaign established his reputation as one of the most able tank commanders of the war, and earned him the nickname \"der Wüstenfuchs\", \"the Desert Fox\".", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch)." ] ]

[ 5, 4, 1, 25 ]

[ "What kind of desert? Hot and sandy or cold and snowy?", "Gotcha, deserts describe any place where there is little precipitation whether it be in the Sahara or Antarctica. I really enjoy hot desert landscapes as well.", "I agree. It is amazing that in such harsh conditions that nature figures a way to thrive. You said earlier that you enjoy riding in the desert. What kind of vehicle?", "That would be the best of both worlds with comfort in the car while in the dessert - though sand may present some issues." ]

[ "Desert", "Desert", "Desert", "Desert" ]

[ "Sewing", "Is it hard to learn to sew?", "How long ago was the paleolithic era? Is that stone age time?", "Interesting! What specific supplies are needed to take up the hobby of sewing?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Choie Sew Hoy () (1836–1901) also known as Charles Sew Hoy (Xu Zhaokai in Pinyin) was a notable New Zealand merchant, Chinese leader and gold-dredger.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ He was born in Guangdong Province, China in about 1838.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Choie Sew Hoy was the eldest of four sons of Choie Bing Sum, a farmer in the village of Sha Kong (Altar Hill),in the Upper Poon Yu (Panyu) district of Canton (Guangdong) Province, China.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ Because of war, famine and poverty, some families in Canton Province used their access to the international ports Canton (Guangzhou) and Hong Kong to send young men overseas to work.", "Charles Sew Hoy __knowledge__ In the second half of the 19th Century, these men formed a living chain of migrant labourers.", "SEW Eurodrive __knowledge__ SEW-Eurodrive is a German manufacturing company founded by Christian Pähr in 1931 as Süddeutsche Elektromotoren Werke.", "SEW Eurodrive __knowledge__ Today, it is an international organization that manufactures geared motors, frequency inverters and servo drives employing over 17,000 people worldwide with annual sales in excess of €2.8 billion.", "SEW Eurodrive __knowledge__ Based in Bruchsal in Southern Germany they have manufacturing assembly and service centres throughout the world.", "SEW Eurodrive __knowledge__ SEW are leaders in decentralised control technology, with products such as Movimot, Movigear, Moviswitch, and Movitrans.", "SEW Eurodrive __knowledge__ In addition they have moved into the large industrial gearbox market with their range of helical, bevel helical, and planetary gearboxes.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ Stitch 'n Bitch is a name that has been used to refer to social knitting groups since at least World War II.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ Before the slang term “Stitch ‘n Bitch” was used, groups of women in the 1940s would join to knit and talk in organized Stitch and Bitch clubs.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ The term was further used in the 1980s as part of the book \"Social History of American Knitting\" by Anne Macdonald.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ It is partly due to the book's success that the modern day Stitch n' Bitch knitting groups have emerged in cities around the world.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ The groups, mainly women, meet to knit, stitch and talk.", "Stitch 'n Bitch __knowledge__ Typically, attendees knit, though others crochet (they are called 'Happy Hookers'), and still others engage in cross-stitching, embroidery, and other needlecraft.", "Sea Sew __knowledge__ Sea Sew is the Mercury and Choice Music Prize-nominated solo debut album released by Lisa Hannigan.", "Sea Sew __knowledge__ It was released in Ireland on 12 September 2008, with the lead single, \"Lille\", made available as a free download on lisahannigan.ie on 25 August.", "Sea Sew __knowledge__ \"Sea Sew\" was a critical success, earning rave reviews and being named by some music critics amongst the best Irish albums of the year.", "Sea Sew __knowledge__ It garnered airtime on American radio station KCRW and earned early praise from press across the US, including the western \"Los Angeles Times\", which called it \"charmingly idiosyncratic\" and the eastern publication, \"The New York Times\", which described it as \"exquisitely ethereal\".", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ Lisa Margaret Hannigan (born 12 February 1981) is an Irish singer, songwriter, and musician.", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ She began her musical career as a member of Damien Rice's band.", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ Since beginning her solo career in 2007 she has released three albums: \"Sea Sew\" (2008), \"Passenger\" (2011), and \"At Swim\" (2016).", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ Hannigan's music has received award nominations both in Ireland and the USA.", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ Hannigan is also the voice actor for the character Blue Diamond in \"Steven Universe\", an American animated television series created by Rebecca Sugar and is the voice of \"Bronagh\" in the 2014 animated film Song of the Sea.", "Lisa Hannigan __knowledge__ Hannigan was born in Dublin but grew up in Kilcloon, County Meath, Ireland.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ Sew Fast Sew Easy was a corporation based in New York City, which held sewing classes, and sold sewing patterns and sewing books.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ It was founded in 1991 by Elissa K. Meyrich, a designer in New York City’s Garment District for over 26 years, an instructor at Parsons School of Design, author and contributing writer to sewing publications.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ The company created the city's first Stitch 'n Bitch group in 1997.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ The company started an internet guestbook, the \"Stitch and Bitch Cafe\", in 1998.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ The company had a small retail store which stocked sewing and knitting items.", "Sew Fast Sew Easy __knowledge__ Vice President and Partner Gregory Garvin left in September 2010.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The period lasted roughly 3.4 million years and ended between 8700 BCE and 2000 BCE with the advent of metalworking.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Stone Age artifacts include tools used by modern humans and by their predecessor species in the genus \"Homo\", and possibly by the earlier partly contemporaneous genera \"Australopithecus\" and \"Paranthropus\".", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Bone tools were used during this period as well but are rarely preserved in the archaeological record.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age is further subdivided by the types of stone tools in use.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic (or \"Palaeolithic\") age is a prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools and covers roughly 95% of human technological prehistory.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ It extends from the earliest known use of stone tools, probably by \"Homo habilis\" initially, 2.6 million years ago, to the end of the Pleistocene around 10,000 BP.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic era is followed by the Mesolithic.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The date of the Paleolithic–Mesolithic boundary may vary by locality as much as several thousand years.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ During the Paleolithic period, humans grouped together in small societies such as bands, and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ The three-age system is the categorization of history into time periods divisible by three; for example, the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age, although it also refers to other tripartite divisions of historic time periods.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ In history, archaeology and physical anthropology, the three-age system is a methodological concept adopted during the 19th century by which artifacts and events of late prehistory and early history could be ordered into a recognizable chronology.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ It was initially developed by C. J. Thomsen, director of the Royal Museum of Nordic Antiquities, Copenhagen, as a means to classify the museum’s collections according to whether the artifacts were made of stone, bronze, or iron.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Middle Paleolithic (or Middle Palaeolithic) is the second subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ The term Middle Stone Age is used as an equivalent or a synonym for the Middle Paleolithic in African archeology.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Middle Paleolithic broadly spanned from 300,000 to 30,000 years ago.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ There are considerable dating differences between regions.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Middle Paleolithic was succeeded by the Upper Paleolithic subdivision which first began between 50,000 and 40,000 years ago.", "Middle Paleolithic __knowledge__ Pettit and White date the Early Middle Paleolithic in Britain to about 325,000 to 180,000 years ago (late Marine Isotope Stage 9 to late Marine Isotope Stage 7), and the Late Middle Paleolithic as about 60,000 to 35,000 years ago.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The Paleolithic diet (also called the paleo diet, caveman diet or stone-age diet) is a modern fad diet requiring the sole or predominant consumption of foods presumed to have been the only foods available or consumed by humans during the Paleolithic era.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The digestive abilities of anatomically modern humans, however, are different from those of Paleolithic humans, which undermines the diet's core premise.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ During the 2.6-million-year-long Paleolithic era, the highly variable climate and worldwide spread of human populations meant that humans were, by necessity, nutritionally adaptable.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ Supporters of the diet mistakenly presuppose that human digestion has remained essentially unchanged over time.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Urheimat (; ; from a German compound of \"ur-\" \"original\" and \"Heimat\" \"home, homeland\") is a term in historical linguistics, which denotes the area where the proto-language of a language family was spoken.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ A proto-language, reconstructed or known, is a parent language of a group of genetically related languages.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Depending on the age of the language family under consideration, its homeland may be known with near-certainty (in the case of historical or near-historical migrations) or it may be very uncertain (in the case of deep prehistory).", "Urheimat __knowledge__ The reconstruction of a prehistorical homeland makes use of a variety of disciplines, including archaeology and archaeogenetics.", "History of technology __knowledge__ The history of technology is the history of the invention of tools and techniques and is similar to other sides of the history of humanity.", "History of technology __knowledge__ Technology can refer to methods ranging from as simple as language and stone tools to the complex genetic engineering and information technology that has emerged since the 1980s.", "History of technology __knowledge__ The term technology comes from the Greek word techne, meaning art and craft, and the word logos, meaning word and speech.", "History of technology __knowledge__ It was first used to describe applied arts, but it is now used to described advancements and changes that affects the environment around us.", "History of technology __knowledge__ New knowledge has enabled people to create new things, and conversely, many scientific endeavors are made possible by technologies which assist humans in traveling to places they could not previously reach, and by scientific instruments by which we study nature in more detail than our natural senses allow.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ The Denver Art Museum — DAM is an art museum located in the Civic Center of Denver, Colorado.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ The museum is one of the largest art museums between the West Coast and Chicago.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ It is known for its collection of American Indian art, and its other collections of more than 70,000 diverse works from across the centuries and world.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ The museum's origins can be traced back to the founding of the Denver Artists Club in 1893.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ The Club renamed itself the Denver Art Association in 1917 and opened its first galleries in the City and County building two years later.", "Denver Art Museum __knowledge__ The museum opened galleries in the Chappell House in 1922.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Margaret W. Conkey (born 1943) is an American archaeologist and academic, who specializes in the Magdalenian period of the Upper Paleolithic in the French Pyrénées.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Her research focuses on cave art produced during this period.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Conkey is noted as one of the first archaeologists to explore the issues of gender and feminist perspectives in archaeology and in past human societies, using feminist theory to reinterpret images and objects from the Paleolithic Era or the late Ice Age.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ She is Professor Emerita of Anthropology (formerly, Class of 1960 Professor and Director of the Archaeological Research Facility) at the University of California, Berkeley.", "Olga de Amaral __knowledge__ Olga de Amaral (b. Bogotá, Colombia, 1932-) is a Colombian visual artist known for her large-scale abstract works made with fibers and covered in gold and/or silver leaf.", "Olga de Amaral __knowledge__ Because of her ability to reconcile local concerns with international developments, de Amaral became one of the few artists from South America to become internationally known for her work in fiber during the 1960s and ‘70s.", "Olga de Amaral __knowledge__ She is also considered an important practitioner in the development of postwar Latin American Abstraction.", "Olga de Amaral __knowledge__ She has developed a unique language with a diversity of vocabulary from weaving, painting, and sculptural traditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ Scrapbooking is a method of preserving, presenting, arranging personal and family history in the form of a book, box, card.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ Typical memorabilia include photographs, printed media, and artwork.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ Scrapbook albums are often decorated and frequently contain extensive journaling.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ Scrapbooking started in the United Kingdom in the nineteenth century, but is now primarily a United States phenomenon.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ In the 15th century, commonplace books, popular in England, emerged as a way to compile information that included recipes, quotations, letters, poems and more.", "Scrapbooking __knowledge__ Each commonplace book was unique to its creator's particular interests.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ The Sims 2: FreeTime is the seventh expansion pack in \"The Sims 2\" video game series.", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ A flyer included in \"\" expansion pack and \"The Sims 2 Teen Style Stuff\" announced this expansion and read: \"Now your Sims can enjoy hobbies!", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ Your Sims will have fun taking up a variety of creative, intellectual, or active leisure-time pursuits.", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ They can even meet Sims that share their interests and expand their social relationships.", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ Develop your Sims' skills while they pursue their true pastime passions.", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ Will your Sims stumble reaching for new goals or find a new sense of fulfillment?\"", "The Sims 2: FreeTime __knowledge__ With this expansion, Sims can pursue employment in five new careers including dance, entertainment, intelligence, oceanography and architecture.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material to have a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The Regular Army of the United States on the eve of the Civil War was essentially a frontier constabulary whose 16,000 officers and men were organized into 198 companies scattered across the nation at 79 different posts.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ The study of the history of clothing and textiles traces the availability and use of textiles and other materials.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ At the same time, the study also helps in tracing the development of technology for the making of clothing over human history.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ The wearing of clothing is exclusively a human characteristic and is a feature of most human societies.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ It is not known when humans began wearing clothes but anthropologists believe that animal skins and vegetation were adapted into coverings as protection from cold, heat and rain, especially as humans migrated to new climates.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ Clothing and textiles have been important in human history.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ Blombos Cave is an archaeological site located in Blombosfontein Nature Reserve, about 300 km east of Cape Town on the Southern Cape coastline, South Africa.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The cave contains Middle Stone Age deposits currently dated at between c. 100,000 and 70,000 years before present (BP), and a Late Stone Age sequence dated at between 2000 and 300 years BP.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The cave site was first excavated in 1991 and field work has been conducted there on a regular basis since 1997 – and is ongoing.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The excavations at Blombos Cave have yielded important new information on the behavioural evolution of modern humans.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The archaeological record from this cave site has been central in the ongoing debate on the cognitive and cultural origin of early humans and to the current understanding of when and where key behavioural innovations emerged among \"Homo sapiens\" in southern Africa during the Late Pleistocene.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ Textile manufacturing is one of the oldest human activities.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ The oldest known textiles date back to about 5000 B.C.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ In order to make textiles, the first requirement is a source of fibre from which a yarn can be made, primarily by spinning.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ The yarn is processed by knitting or weaving to create cloth.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ The machine used for weaving is the loom.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ Cloth is finished by what are described as wet processes to become fabric.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ The fabric may be dyed, printed or decorated by embroidering with coloured yarns.", "Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods __knowledge__ The three main types of fibres are natural vegetable fibres, animal protein fibres and artificial fibres.", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "I really like sewing. It really just takes a needle and thread to make stitches and a good eye!", "I don't think so. In fact people have been doing this textile art since the Paleolithic era. Wow!", "That's a little after the Stone Age. They think before spinning yarn or weaving fabric, people in the Stone Age used fur and skin clothing using bone as needles.", "Really just a needle and thread. But of course after the Industrial Revolution a lot of sewing is done with machines and computerization which led to mass production." ]

[ "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing" ]

[ "Pit bull\nDo you have any pit bull dogs?", "Yeah, it is. Pit bulls seem to be pretty common, in the shelter nearby anyway.", "Yeah, and they're known to be aggressive too. It's sad since they're pretty sweet dogs.", "No I don't, but wow that does sound pretty intense!", "Wow, seventy dogs is a lot... It's sad they were all used for fighting." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ Numerous Georgia Tech legends and traditions have been established since the school's opening in 1888, some of which have persisted for decades.", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ Over time, the school has grown from a trade school into a large research university, and the traditions reflect that heritage.", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ One of the cherished holdovers from Tech's early years, a steam whistle blows five minutes before the hour, every hour from 7:55 am to 5:55 pm.", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ On Tuesdays and Thursdays, it also blows at twenty-five minutes after the hour.", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ It's for this reason that the faculty newspaper is named \"The Whistle\".", "Georgia Tech traditions __knowledge__ Some of the traditions are well-known, the most notable being the now-banned tradition of stealing the \"T\" from Tech Tower.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ Pit Bulls & Parolees is an American reality television series on Animal Planet which confronts the misunderstandings of the Pit Bull breed.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ The series debuted on October 30, 2009.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ It features the Villalobos Rescue Center and was originally located in Agua Dulce, California; however, the organization has relocated to the New Orleans, Louisiana area.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ It is the United States' largest pit bull animal shelter.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ Founder Tia Torres appeared on \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\" on September 24, 2014 and stated that her organization has approximately 400 dogs and that the notoriety of the show has resulted in \"four times\" as many dogs being directed to her organization.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ Carnival Capers is a 1932 animated short film featuring Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ It is the 65th Oswald cartoon by Walter Lantz Productions and the 117th in the entire series.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ Oswald and the girl beagle (making her debut in this film) are at the fair, dancing on a wooden platform.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ All of a sudden, a large oppressive pit bull pulls it right under their feet, much to their surprise.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ The pit bull pretends to apologize in giving Oswald a handshake but snaps a rat trap at the rabbit's hand instead.", "Carnival Capers __knowledge__ When the large dog flirts with the girl beagle, the annoyed Oswald quickly takes her and walks out of the scene.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The term Bandog (also known as Bandogge) is believed to have originated in the Middle Ages in England.", "Bandog __knowledge__ Johannes Caius published a book in Latin in 1570, translated into English in 1576 by Abraham Fleming under the title, \"Of Englishe Dogges\", in which he described the Bandog as a vast, stubborn, eager dog of heavy body.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The original Bandogs were bred with a functional purpose, as were all working breeds, and for the Bandog this purpose revolved around guarding and protecting.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The Bandogs of old were strictly working dogs, often of various crosses and various sizes.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The name \"Bandog\" was then not a breed, it was a description of a duty or purpose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Girl Distribution Company __knowledge__ Crailtap is a skateboarding distribution company based in Torrance, California, United States (US).", "Girl Distribution Company __knowledge__ The distribution company houses the following brands: Girl Skateboards, Chocolate Skateboards, Royal Skateboard Trucks, Ruby Republic, and Fourstar Clothing.", "Girl Distribution Company __knowledge__ The Girl company was the inaugural brand of the company and was founded in 1993 after a selection of team riders from the World Industries distribution company decided to found their own brand—the main figures are Mike Carroll and Rick Howard.", "Girl Distribution Company __knowledge__ Howard explained in a 2000 interview: Part of the reason we started Girl was so pro skateboarders would have a future.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Guy Mariano __knowledge__ Guy Mariano (born March 31, 1976) is a professional skateboarder who gained recognition at the age of fourteen for his video part in the Blind Skateboards video \"Video Days\" (1991).", "Guy Mariano __knowledge__ Mariano attended John Burroughs High School in Burbank, California.", "Guy Mariano __knowledge__ Val Surf, a Californian retail outlet, was Mariano's first ever sponsor.", "Guy Mariano __knowledge__ Mariano's first skateboard deck sponsor was Powell Peralta and he appeared in the company's video \"Ban This\", alongside Paulo Diaz, Rudy Johnson, and Gabriel Rodriguez.", "Guy Mariano __knowledge__ Together with Mark Gonzales, Jason Lee, Jordan Richter, and Rudy Johnson, Mariano appeared in the Blind video, \"Video Days\", considered a classic achievement in skateboarding history.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ Michael Dwayne Vick (born June 26, 1980) is a former American football quarterback who played 13 seasons in the National Football League, primarily with the Atlanta Falcons and the Philadelphia Eagles.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He played college football at Virginia Tech and was selected by the Falcons as the first overall pick in the 2001 NFL Draft.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ During his six years with the Falcons, Vick was regarded as having transformed the quarterback position with his rushing abilities and was named to three Pro Bowls.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He holds the record for the most career rushing yards by a quarterback (6,109) and the most rushing yards by a quarterback in a season (1,039).", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ National Council of Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSPCA), also known as the National Council of SPCAs, is the largest and oldest animal welfare organisation in South Africa.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA handles all matters relating to animal cruelty involving all animal species and is a registered Non-Profit Organisation registered with the Department of Social Development.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA is referred to as \"NDBV\" in Afrikaans (one of the 11 official languages in South Africa) and is also known as Nasionale Raad van Dierebeskermingsverenigings (NDBV).", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ SPCA is DBV in Afrikaans.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The Mission of the NSPCA is to prevent cruelty and promote the welfare of all animals, whilst their Vision is to end animal cruelty In South Africa and engender compassion for all animals.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Tactics were a post-punk group which formed in Canberra in 1977.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ The line-up changed periodically, with songwriter and vocalist, David Studdert, as the mainstay.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ They released four studio albums, \"My Houdini\" (December 1980), \"Glebe\" (November 1981), \"Blue and White Future Whale\" (1986) and \"The Great Gusto\" (1990).", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Which were critically acclaimed and they were respected for the quality of their live performances.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ However, they did not achieve wider commercial success and remained largely unacknowledged outside of the alternative independent music scene.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Their reputation for running against the grain musically, lyrically, and stylistically was described by Bob Blunt as \"frenetic, discordant, [and] full of unusual rhythms.\"", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ \"Daddy Wouldn’t Buy Me a Bow Wow\" is a song written in 1892 by prolific English songwriter Joseph Tabrar.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ It was written for, and first performed in 1892 by, Vesta Victoria at the South London Palace, holding a kitten.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The same year it was recorded by Silas Leachman for the North American Phonograph Co. of Chicago (Talking Machine Company of Chicago/Chicago Talking Machine).", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ In 1895 Toulouse-Lautrec painted May Belfort singing it.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The comedian Arthur Roberts also had success in the 1890s with the song.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The song featured in the 1934 musical movie \"Evergreen\", sung by Jessie Matthews, and was also revived after World War II.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ Michael Dwayne Vick (born June 26, 1980) is a former American football quarterback who played 13 seasons in the National Football League, primarily with the Atlanta Falcons and the Philadelphia Eagles.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He played college football at Virginia Tech and was selected by the Falcons as the first overall pick in the 2001 NFL Draft.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ During his six years with the Falcons, Vick was regarded as having transformed the quarterback position with his rushing abilities and was named to three Pro Bowls.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He holds the record for the most career rushing yards by a quarterback (6,109) and the most rushing yards by a quarterback in a season (1,039).", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ On June 30, 1965, the Atlanta Falcons were born.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ The NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle granted ownership to Rankin M. Smith, Sr., the executive vice president of Life Insurance Company of Georgia.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ The name Falcons was suggested by Julia Elliott (1909–1990) a high school teacher from Griffin, Georgia who won a contest in 1965.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ Though 40 other contestants had also suggested the name, Elliott wrote in an essay, \"The falcon is proud and dignified, with great courage and fight.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ It never drops its prey.", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ It's deadly and has a great sporting tradition.\"", "History of the Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ Among the many suggested names were the Knights, Bombers, Rebels, Crackers, Thrashers (which would later be the name of the city's second NHL team), Lancers, Firebirds, Fireballs, and Thunderbirds.\"", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The 2004 Atlanta Falcons season was the franchise's 39th in the National Football League (NFL).", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ It was the first year under head coach Jim Mora.", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ Under Mora, the team went 11-5, advancing to the playoffs.", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ After easily handling the 8-8 St. Louis Rams in the Divisional round, the Falcons advanced to the NFC Championship game for the first time since 1998, but lost to the Philadelphia Eagles.", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The Falcons did not make the playoffs again until 2008 and would not appear in the NFC Championship again until 2012.", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The team led the NFL in rushing in 2004, with 2,672 yards.", "2004 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The Falcons began their season by traveling to San Francisco, where Falcons head coach Jim L. Mora had coached the last five years as the 49ers defensive coordinator, to play the San Francisco 49ers.", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The 2006 Atlanta Falcons season was the franchise's 41st in the National Football League (NFL).", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The team attempted to improve on their 8–8 record in 2005.", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ Falcons quarterback Michael Vick became the first quarterback in modern NFL history to rush for over 1,000 yards, with 1,039.", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ Running back Warrick Dunn rushed for 1,140 yards, making the 2006 Falcons only the fourth team since the AFL-NFL merger to have two 1,000-yard rushers.", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ The Falcons are, however, the only team to have multiple 1,000-yard rushers and finish the season with a losing record.", "2006 Atlanta Falcons season __knowledge__ This was the end of the Michael Vick era in Atlanta as his dogfighting case led to his departure from the team the following season.", "Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ The Atlanta Falcons are a professional American football team based in Atlanta.", "Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ The Falcons compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) South division.", "Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ The Falcons joined the NFL in 1965 as an expansion team, after the NFL offered then-owner Rankin Smith a franchise to keep him from joining the rival American Football League (AFL).", "Atlanta Falcons __knowledge__ In their 51 years of existence, the Falcons have compiled a record of 350–450–6 (341–437–6 in the regular season and 9–13 in the playoffs), winning division championships in 1980, 1998, 2004, 2010, 2012, and 2016." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote (\"Canis latrans\"); from Nahuatl ) is a canine native to North America.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It is smaller than its close relative, the gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It fills much of the same ecological niche as the golden jackal does in Eurasia, though it is larger and more predatory, and is sometimes called the \"American jackal\" by zoologists.", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote is listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its wide distribution and abundance throughout North America, southwards through Mexico, and into Central America.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull Terrier is a breed of dog in the terrier family.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ There is also a miniature version of this breed which is officially known as the Miniature Bull Terrier.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull Terrier's most recognizable feature is its head, described as 'egg-shaped' when viewed from the front; the top of the skull is almost flat.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The profile curves gently downwards from the top of the skull to the tip of the nose, which is black and bent downwards at the tip, with well developed nostrils.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The under-jaw is deep and strong.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The unique triangular eyes are small, dark, and deep-set.", "Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Bull Terriers are the only dogs that have triangular eyes." ] ]

[ 1, 15, 59, 50, 31 ]

[ "I've always wanted one. I heard that pit bull is the common name for that type of dog.", "I know they get a bad reputation for being mean, which is why they are commonly used in underground dog fighting. ", "I know. Michael Vick, one of my favorite Atlanta Falcons players was in a huge dog fighting scandal. Do you remember that?", "Yeah, apparently they found over seventy dogs were found on his property. They were mostly pit bull terriers. Poor dogs.", "I can't believe that dog fighting has been in the U.S. since the early 19th century, and it's still going on!" ]

[ "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull" ]

[ "Veterinary physician\nI think I need to take my dog to see a Vet physician", "He has a bug i think", "I should take him tomorrow then", "Are those really big dogs?", "Thta is really cool i did not know that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ Pedigree Dogs Exposed is a BBC One investigative documentary, produced by Jemima Harrison, which looks into health and welfare issues facing pedigree dogs in the United Kingdom.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on 19 August 2008.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The Kennel Club (KC), the governing body of pedigree dogs in the UK which runs the prestigious dog breed show Crufts, was criticised for allowing breed standards, judging standards and breeding practices to compromise the health of .", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ The programme generated much criticism of the Kennel Club.", "Pedigree Dogs Exposed __knowledge__ It also caused various sponsors and trade exhibitors to withdraw their participation from Crufts and other Kennel Club events.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ Whole brain emulation (WBE), mind upload or brain upload (sometimes called \"mind copying\" or \"mind transfer\") is the hypothetical futuristic process of scanning mental state (including long-term memory and \"self\") of a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computer.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ The computer could then run a simulation model of the brain's information processing, such that it responds in essentially the same way as the original brain (i.e., indistinguishable from the brain for all relevant purposes) and experiences having a conscious mind.", "Mind uploading __knowledge__ Mind uploading may potentially be accomplished by either of two methods: Copy-and-Transfer or gradual replacement of neurons.", "Vocational education __knowledge__ Vocational education is education that prepares people to work in various jobs, such as a trade, a craft, or as a technician.", "Vocational education __knowledge__ Vocational education is sometimes referred to as \"career education\" or \"technical education\".", "Vocational education __knowledge__ A vocational school is a type of educational institution specifically designed to provide vocational education.", "Vocational education __knowledge__ Vocational education can take place at the post-secondary, further education, and higher education level; and can interact with the apprenticeship system.", "Vocational education __knowledge__ At the post-secondary level, vocational education is often provided by highly specialized trade, Technical schools, community colleges, colleges of further education UK, universities, Institutes of technology / Polytechnic Institutes.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on 18 March 1985 and currently airs on digital channel Eleven.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the soap in 2012, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ Until May, characters were introduced by the soap's executive producer, Susan Bower.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ Thereafter, they were introduced by her successor, Richard Jasek.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ The 28th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 9 January 2012.", "List of Neighbours characters (2012) __knowledge__ Four piece indie band William and the Tells made their debut as Red Cotton in the same month, while Toby Wallace made his debut as Corey O'Donahue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ Starship is a musical with music and lyrics by Darren Criss, and a book by Matt Lang, Nick Lang, Brian Holden, and Joe Walker.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ \"Starship\" is about an alien planet inhabited by giant insects, called Bug-World.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ One of these insects, named Bug, comes across a crashed human starship and becomes infatuated with the idea of becoming a Starship Ranger, and he gets his chance when a group of humans land on Bug-World in an attempt to colonize the planet.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was performed February 11-23rd, 2011, at the Hoover-Leppen Theatre in Chicago, Illinois (this was the first StarKid stage production to not be performed on the University of Michigan campus).", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ \"The Gold-Bug\" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe published in 1843.", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ The plot follows William Legrand who was bitten by a gold-colored bug.", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ His servant Jupiter fears that Legrand is going insane and goes to Legrand's friend, an unnamed narrator, who agrees to visit his old friend.", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ Legrand pulls the other two into an adventure after deciphering a secret message that will lead to a buried treasure.", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ The story, set on Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, is often compared with Poe's \"tales of ratiocination\" as an early form of detective fiction.", "The Gold-Bug __knowledge__ Poe became aware of the public's interest in secret writing in 1840 and asked readers to challenge his skills as a code-breaker.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ \"Cimex lectularius\", the common bed bug, is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood; other \"Cimex\" species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as \"Cimex pipistrelli\" (Europe), \"Cimex pilosellus\" (Western United States), and \"Cimex adjunctus\" (entire Eastern United States).", "Bed bug __knowledge__ The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of \"Cimex lectularius\": warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal.", "Digital on-screen graphic __knowledge__ A digital on-screen graphic (originally known as digitally originated graphic, and known in the UK and New Zealand by the acronym DOG; in the US, Canada, Ireland and Australia as a bug or network bug) is a watermark-like station logo that most television broadcasters overlay over a portion of the screen area of their programs to identify the channel.", "Digital on-screen graphic __knowledge__ They are thus a form of permanent visual station identification, increasing brand recognition and asserting ownership of the video signal.", "Digital on-screen graphic __knowledge__ In some cases, the graphic also shows the name of the current program.", "Digital on-screen graphic __knowledge__ Some television networks use an on-screen graphic to advertise upcoming programs (usually programs scheduled later the same day, but also for \"significant\" upcoming programs as much as a week in advance).", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ A bug tracking system or defect tracking system is a software application that keeps track of reported software bugs in software development projects.", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ It may be regarded as a type of issue tracking system.", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ Many bug tracking systems, such as those used by most open source software projects, allow end-users to enter bug reports directly.", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ Other systems are used only internally in a company or organization doing software development.", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ Typically bug tracking systems are integrated with other software project management applications.", "Bug tracking system __knowledge__ A bug tracking system is usually a necessary component of a good software development infrastructure, and consistent use of a bug or issue tracking system is considered one of the \"hallmarks of a good software team\".", "Software bug __knowledge__ A software bug is an error, flaw, failure or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways.", "Software bug __knowledge__ The process of fixing bugs is termed \"debugging\" and often uses formal techniques or tools to pinpoint bugs, and since the 1950s, some computer systems have been designed to also deter, detect or auto-correct various computer bugs during operations.", "Software bug __knowledge__ Most bugs arise from mistakes and errors made in either a program's source code or its design, or in components and operating systems used by such programs.", "Software bug __knowledge__ A few are caused by compilers producing incorrect code.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The Woggle-Bug is a musical based on \"The Marvelous Land of Oz\" by L. Frank Baum, with book and lyrics by the author and music by Frederic Chapin that opened June 18, 1905 at the Garrick Theater in Chicago under the direction of Frank Smithson, a Shubert Organization employee.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was a major critical and commercial failure, running less than a month.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ Chapin, however, had proven quite saleable to the publisher, M. Witmark and Sons, and many of the songs were published.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The music director was Frank Pallma.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The surviving sheet music was published by Hungry Tiger Press in 2002.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ After the success of \"The Wizard of Oz\" on Broadway in 1903, Baum set out immediately to write a sequel, \"The Marvelous Land of Oz; Being an Account of the Further Adventures of the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman\", which was published in 1904.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis.", "Retinopathy of prematurity __knowledge__ Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of the eye affecting prematurely born babies generally having received intensive neonatal care, in which oxygen therapy is used on them due to the premature development of their lungs.", "Retinopathy of prematurity __knowledge__ It is thought to be caused by disorganized growth of retinal blood vessels which may result in scarring and retinal detachment.", "Retinopathy of prematurity __knowledge__ ROP can be mild and may resolve spontaneously, but it may lead to blindness in serious cases.", "Retinopathy of prematurity __knowledge__ As such, all preterm babies are at risk for ROP, and very low birth-weight is an additional risk factor.", "Retinopathy of prematurity __knowledge__ Both oxygen toxicity and relative hypoxia can contribute to the development of ROP.", "Priority review (FDA) __knowledge__ Priority review is a mechanism used by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to expedite the review process for drugs that are expected to have a particularly great impact on the treatment of a disease.", "Priority review (FDA) __knowledge__ The priority review voucher program is a program that grants a voucher for use of priority review to a drug developer as an incentive to develop treatments for drugs that might otherwise not be profitable to develop because of a smaller pool of patients needing treatment.", "Priority review (FDA) __knowledge__ Priority review vouchers are currently earned for drugs treating neglected tropical diseases, rare pediatric diseases, and \"medical countermeasures\" for terrorism.", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ Dylan Keogh is a fictional character from the BBC medical drama \"Casualty\", played by William Beck.", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ He first appeared in the twenty-fifth series episode \"Only Human\", broadcast on 12 March 2011.", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ The character was introduced as a replacement for fellow emergency medicine doctor Ruth Winters (Georgia Taylor).", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ Beck had briefly attended medical school before becoming an actor, and he felt the role was right for him.", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ Dylan is a Consultant in emergency medicine and a member of Holby City Hospital's emergency department staff.", "Dylan Keogh __knowledge__ Dylan is portrayed as being abrupt, sarcastic, rude and uncaring, which has led some viewers to speculate that Dylan has Asperger syndrome.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Some people have no symptoms whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes, poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis may be temporary (acute) or long term (chronic) depending on whether it lasts for less than or more than six months.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Acute hepatitis can sometimes resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or rarely result in acute liver failure.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Over time the chronic form may progress to scarring of the liver, liver failure, or liver cancer.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ The most common cause worldwide is viruses.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ Saint Martin de Porres is an artwork by American artist and Catholic priest Father Thomas McGlynn.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ This sculpture, one of McGlynn's most well known works and is found in the collection of Providence College in Rhode Island, Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church in Washington, D.C., among others.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ It is a statue of Saint Martin de Porres.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ The sculpture is a standing figure of Saint Martin de Porres wearing a cassock with a belt at the waist, he wears shoes.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ His head looks downwards, eyes somewhat closed, as if in deep thought or prayer.", "Saint Martin de Porres (sculpture) __knowledge__ In his proper right hand he holds a cross to his chest and his proper left hand grips his leg with a broom under his arm.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States is often made by government, public health and public policy analysts.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The two countries had similar healthcare systems before Canada changed its system in the 1960s and 1970s.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The United States spends much more money on healthcare than Canada, on both a per-capita basis and as a percentage of GDP.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ In 2006, per-capita spending for health care in Canada was US$3,678; in the U.S., US$6,714.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. spent 15.3% of GDP on healthcare in that year; Canada spent 10.0%.", "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ In 2006, 70% of healthcare spending in Canada was financed by government, versus 46% in the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Baotou Tomorrow Technology __knowledge__ Baotou Tomorrow Technology Co., Ltd. known also as Tomorrow Technology or BTTT is a Chinese listed company based in Baotou, Inner Mongolia.", "Baotou Tomorrow Technology __knowledge__ Tomorrow Technology is an associate company of Tomorrow Holding, a company related to Xiao Jianhua.", "Baotou Tomorrow Technology __knowledge__ Baotou Yellow River Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. () was incorporated on 26 June 1997 as a subsidiary of state-owned enterprise Baotou Chemical Industry Group Corporation ().", "Baotou Tomorrow Technology __knowledge__ The company became a listed company in the same year, with the parent company still owned 57.53% shares as at 31 December 1999.", "Baotou Tomorrow Technology __knowledge__ In 1999 \"Beijing Beida Tomorrow Resources Technology\" () acquired 47% stake of Baotou Chemical Industry Group Corporation for and renamed to \"Baotou Beida Tomorrow Resources Technology\" ().", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Edge of Tomorrow (also known by it's marketing tagline Live.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Die.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Repeat.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ and renamed as such on home release) is a 2014 American science fiction film starring Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Doug Liman directed the film based on a screenplay adapted from the 2004 Japanese light novel \"All You Need Is Kill\" by Hiroshi Sakurazaka.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ The film takes place in a future where Earth is invaded by an alien race.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Major William Cage (Cruise), a public relations officer with no combat experience, is forced by his superiors to join a landing operation against the aliens.", "Edge of Tomorrow __knowledge__ Though Cage is killed in combat, he finds himself in a time loop that sends him back to the day preceding the battle every time he dies.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ The Train of Tomorrow was an American demonstrator train built as a collaboration between General Motors (GM) and Pullman-Standard between 1945 and 1947.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ It was the first new train to consist entirely of dome cars, which were the brainchild of GM vice president and Electro-Motive Division (EMD) general manager Cyrus Osborn, who conceived the idea while riding in either an F-unit or a caboose in the Rocky Mountains in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ After GM built a 45-foot (14 m) scale model of the train for $101,772 and displayed it to 350 officials from 55 different Class I railroads in 1945, the \"Train of Tomorrow\" was built by Pullman-Standard between October 1946 and May 1947.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ See You Tomorrow is a novel by Norwegian author Tore Renberg.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ This darkly humoristic neo-noir drama explores the themes of friendship, crime, loneliness and tragic death.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ It was launched in Norway in September 2013 and in the UK in August 2014.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ Critics both in Renberg’s native Norway and abroad have hailed it as a career high and compared him with the likes of Balzac, George R.R.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ Martin and the writers of modern HBO-series.", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ \"See You Tomorrow\" is the first novel in the \"Teksas-series\".", "See You Tomorrow __knowledge__ \"See You Tomorrow\" is set in Stavanger, the author´s hometown and surroundings which he uses for his literary exploration of the human condition.", "Search for Tomorrow __knowledge__ Search for Tomorrow is an American television soap opera.", "Search for Tomorrow __knowledge__ It began its run on CBS on September 3, 1951, and concluded on NBC after 35 years on December 26, 1986.", "Search for Tomorrow __knowledge__ \"Search for Tomorrow\" was created by Roy Winsor and was first written by Agnes Nixon (then known professionally as Agnes Eckhardt) for the series' first thirteen weeks and later by Irving Vendig.", "Search for Tomorrow __knowledge__ The program was one of several packaged from the 1950s through the 1980s by Procter & Gamble Productions, the broadcasting arm of the famed household products corporation, who were also responsible for the likes of \"Guiding Light\", \"As the World Turns\", \"The Edge of Night\", and \"Another World.\"", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ The Tomorrow People is a British children's science fiction television series, created by Roger Price.", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ Produced by Thames Television for the ITV Network, the series first ran from 1973 to 1979.", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ A remake appeared in 1992, with Roger Price acting as executive producer.", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ This version used the same basic premise as the original series with some changes, and ran until 1995.", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ A series of audio plays using the original concept and characters (and many of the original series' actors) was produced by Big Finish Productions between 2001 and 2007.", "The Tomorrow People __knowledge__ In 2013, an American remake of the show premiered on The CW.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ In dogs, hip dysplasia is an abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause crippling lameness and painful arthritis of the joints.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ It is a genetic (polygenic) trait that is affected by environmental factors.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ It is common in many dog breeds, particularly the larger breeds, and is the most common single cause of arthritis of the hips.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ In the normal anatomy of the hip joint, the root (the thigh bone) is connected to the pelvis at the hip joint.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ The almost spherical end of the femur head (the caput, or caput ossis femoris) fits into the acetabulum (a concave socket located in the pelvis).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values to the practice of clinical medicine and in scientific research.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ These values include the respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ Such tenets may allow doctors, care providers, and families to create a treatment plan and work towards the same common goal without any conflict.", "Medical ethics __knowledge__ It is important to note that these four values are non-hierarchical, meaning no one principle routinely “trumps” another." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Chess on a Really Big Board __knowledge__ Chess on a Really Big Board is a large chess variant invented by Ralph Betza around 1996.", "Chess on a Really Big Board __knowledge__ It is played on a 16×16 chessboard with 16 pieces (on the back rank) and 16 pawns (on the second rank) per player.", "Chess on a Really Big Board __knowledge__ Since such a board can be constructed by pushing together four standard 8×8 boards, Betza also gave this variant the alternative names of Four Board Chess or Chess on Four Boards.", "Chess on a Really Big Board __knowledge__ Chess on a Really Big Board was created as an outgrowth of Betza's ideas on three-dimensional chess, after he noted that an 8×8×8 board for 3D chess would have 512 spaces, more than any large version of chess that had previously been invented; he then considered two-dimensional very large (or, in his word, \"huge\") chess games, mainly on the 16×16 board because such a board requires no non-standard equipment to construct, and while much larger than the 8×8 board, it was not so big as to make an unplayable game.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ A dingo–dog hybrid is a cross between a dingo and a domestic dog.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ The current population of free ranging domestic dogs in Australia is now probably higher than in the past.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ However, the proportion of the so-called \"pure\" dingoes (dogs with exclusively dingo-ancestry) has been in the decrease over the last few decades due to hybridisation and is regarded as further decreasing.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ Because of this ongoing interbreeding of dingoes and other domestic dogs and the resulting hybrids, there is a much wider range of colours and body shapes today among the Australian wild dog population than in the time before the human introduction of domestic dogs.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ Really Big Coloring Books, Inc is an American publisher based in St. Louis, Missouri.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ The company develops, publishes and distributes children’s coloring and activity books, many of which are over two feet tall.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ Some of their products have been controversial due to their political content.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ Really Big Coloring Books was established in 1981 by publisher Wayne Bell.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ Bell is often referred to as a hell raising hell-billy and at times a misfit.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ During Bell's 20's and 30's he was noted for his professional anti-social behavior, social liberalism and his fire brand American capitalistic attitude.", "Really Big Coloring Books __knowledge__ The company publishes coloring and activity books covering a wide range of topics, including animals, cultural events and religious themes.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ The Really Big Chorus (TRBC) is Britain's largest choral society, made up of singers from hundreds of different choirs all over the UK as well as thousands of individuals.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ It was founded by Don Monro.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ The Really Big Chorus gathers three times a year at the Royal Albert Hall.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ The flagship event is \"Messiah from Scratch\" that attracts over 3,000 singers, and there are also weekends in European cities and leisurely cruises.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ Any singer can take part and there are no auditions, but singers are expected to learn the music in advance.", "The Really Big Chorus __knowledge__ The first concert was \"Messiah from Scratch\", performed at the Royal Albert Hall in 1974.", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ Krogzilla is an animated web series, created by filmmaker and actor Cory Edwards for the YouTube channel Shut Up!", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ Cartoons.", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ The series premiered on May 31, 2012 and stars Edwards as a sea monster named Krogzilla, who was shrunk by scientists.", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ The first season, titled \"Krogzilla Gets a Job\", ended on August 2, 2012 and consisted of ten three-minute episodes that focused on Krogzilla's pursuit of new employment.", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ Edwards has implied the possibility of future seasons and explained that the title of the series would change with each season to reflect a new goal that Krogzilla must accomplish.", "Krogzilla __knowledge__ Director: Cory Edwards Writer: Cory Edwards Cast: Cory Edwards as Krogzilla, Josh Greene as Jeff and Gardener, Karen Whipple as Receptionist, Shon Little as HR Director Original airdate: May 31, 2012 Plot: Krogzilla goes to a job interview.", "Thrown Away __knowledge__ \"Thrown Away\" is a short story by British author Rudyard Kipling.", "Thrown Away __knowledge__ It was published in the first Indian edition of \"Plain Tales from the Hills\" (1888), and in subsequent editions of that collection.", "Thrown Away __knowledge__ \"Thrown Away\" tells of an unnamed 'Boy', a product of the English \"sheltered life system\" that Kipling abhors: \"\"Let a puppy eat the soap in the bath-room or chew a newly-blacked boot.", "Thrown Away __knowledge__ He chews and chuckles until, by and by, he finds out that blacking and Old Brown Windsor make him very sick; so he argues that soap and boots are not wholesome.", "Thrown Away __knowledge__ Any old dog about the house will soon show him the unwisdom of biting big dogs' ears.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ A drafting dog or draft dog is a dog bred and used for cart pulling.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ Dogs bred for this work have strong builds.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ All drafting dogs have the qualities that are needed, strength and determination.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ Draft Dogs are in the Molosser breed group which are dogs that are solidly-built, strong dogs some Molossers are medium and others are large.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ Larger mountain dogs pulled larger carts.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ While smaller ones pulled smaller carts These dogs are some of the working dogs known for drafting work.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ Like the four Swiss mountain dogs, they were used for pulling carts.", "Drafting dog __knowledge__ The size of the cart matched the size of the dog.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard or St Bernard ( or ) is a breed of very large working dog from the western Alps in Switzerland, France and Italy.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ They were originally bred at the Great and Little St Bernard Pass for rescue.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The breed has become famous through tales of alpine rescues, as well as for its enormous size.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard is a giant dog.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The average weight of the breed is between or more, and the approximate height at the withers is .", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The coat can be either smooth or rough; the smooth coat being close and flat while the rough is dense, flat, and more profuse around the neck and legs.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The colour is typically a red shade with white, or a mahogany brindle with white.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ These dogs are also known as Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog ().", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Formosans are classified into one medium type and two small types.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ However, now the pureblood Formosan Mountain Dog is edging closer to extinction, due to limited conservation efforts of the Taiwanese and their government.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Bernese Mountain Dog () is a large-sized breed of dog, one of the four breeds of Sennenhund-type dogs from the Swiss Alps.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" is derived from the German \"Senne\" (\"alpine pasture\") and \"Hund\" (\"dog\"), as they accompanied the alpine herders and dairymen called \"Senn\".", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ \"Berner\" (or \"Bernese\" in English) refers to the area of the breed’s origin, in the canton of Bern.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ This mountain dog was originally kept as a general farm dog.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Large Sennenhunde in the past were also used as draft animals, pulling carts.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The breed was officially established in 1907.", "Bernese Mountain Dog __knowledge__ In 1937, the American Kennel Club recognized it; today, the club classifies it as a member of the Working Group.", "FCI Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group __knowledge__ The Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group is a designation used only by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale for a group of dog breeds consisting of Pinschers, Schnauzers, Molossoid breeds and Swiss Mountain Dog.", "FCI Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) additionally divides groups into subgroups, which the other main English-speaking kennel clubs do not.", "FCI Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group __knowledge__ The FCI Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group is made up of three different sections.", "FCI Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain Dog Group __knowledge__ The FCI sorts the breeds in the group by section and country of origin as follows: These breeds are not eligible for the CACIB in international dog shows and the FCI lists them separately under the section \"Breeds Provisionally Accepted\".", "Molossus (dog) __knowledge__ The Molossus () or Molossian hound is a breed of dog from ancient southern Europe.", "Molossus (dog) __knowledge__ This ancient extinct breed of dog is considered to be the ancestor (in rivalry with the Alaunt, the dog of the Alans) of today's Mastiff-type dogs and of many other modern breeds.", "Molossus (dog) __knowledge__ Mastiff-type dogs are often referred to as Molossus dogs or Molossers.", "Molossus (dog) __knowledge__ It is one of the best-known breeds of antiquity; however, its function and physical characteristics are debated.", "Molossus (dog) __knowledge__ This large ancient breed was, along with the Tibetan Mastiff, an important ancestor of modern breeds such as the English Mastiff, St. Bernard, Great Pyrenees, Rottweiler, Great Dane, Newfoundland, Greater Swiss Mountain Dog, and Bernese Mountain Dog and its most direct relative, the Neapolitan Mastiff." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ My Ruin is an American Los Angeles-based alternative metal band, composed of the husband and wife duo Tairrie B and Mick Murphy.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ The band has been through various line-up changes since its formation in 1999.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Its fanbase is mostly in the UK.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Its sound consists of passionate vocals set against heavy rock beats.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Vocalist Tairrie B Murphy has cultivated a reputation both on and off the stage for her aggressive performances and acerbic vocal style.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Over the decade since the band's formation, the sound has evolved and become heavier with each record, with Mick Murphy’s guitar playing becoming a prominent feature along with his solos and riffs.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "Ciara (album) __knowledge__ Ciara is the fifth studio album by American singer Ciara, which was released on July 9, 2013.", "Ciara (album) __knowledge__ This album is the artist's first release under Epic Records, since publicly asking the now-defunct Jive Records to release her from her contractual obligations.", "Ciara (album) __knowledge__ The singer cited a lack of label support and financial funding for her previous albums \"Fantasy Ride\" (2009) and \"Basic Instinct\" (2010).", "Ciara (album) __knowledge__ On this fifth studio album, Ciara is reunited with her long-term mentor and friend L.A. Reid, chairman of Epic Records.", "Ciara (album) __knowledge__ Reid is credited with discovering Ciara in 2003 along with signing her to his LaFace Records label and executive-producing her debut studio album, \"Goodies\" (2004).", "Dirty Picture __knowledge__ \"Dirty Picture\" is a song by British R&B singer Taio Cruz, released from his second studio album, \"Rokstarr\" (2009).", "Dirty Picture __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Cruz alongside Fraser T Smith, and later released as the album's third single on 5 April 2010.", "Dirty Picture __knowledge__ Originally, Cruz wanted the female vocals to be done by Lady Gaga but opted to switch to Kesha due to heavy influence by Dr. Luke and for finding her voice unique.", "Dirty Picture __knowledge__ It was released as the third single from \"Rokstarr\" on 5 April 2010 and was later re-recorded as an album bonus track for Kesha's debut album, \"Animal\", dubbed the \"Kesha edit\".", "Dirty Picture __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song is about sending a dirty picture to a significant other whom you miss.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ Fall is country music singer Clay Walker's eighth studio album, released in 2007 by Asylum-Curb Records.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ Its first single was \"'Fore She Was Mama\", which reached #21 on the Hot Country Songs charts in mid-2007.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ Following this song was the title track, which reached #5 on the same chart and became Walker's first Top Five country hit since \"The Chain of Love\" in 2000.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ \"Fall\" was also covered by Kimberley Locke, whose own version was a single as well.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ The third and final single from this album, \"She Likes It in the Morning\", peaked at #43.", "Fall (album) __knowledge__ Also included is a cover of Freddy Fender's \"Before the Next Teardrop Falls\", recorded here as a duet with Fender.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Swiss Alps __knowledge__ The Alpine region of Switzerland, conventionally referred to as the Swiss Alps (, , , ), represents a major natural feature of the country and is, along with the Swiss Plateau and the Swiss portion of the Jura Mountains, one of its three main physiographic regions.", "Swiss Alps __knowledge__ The Swiss Alps extend over both the Western Alps and the Eastern Alps, encompassing an area sometimes called \"Central Alps\".", "Swiss Alps __knowledge__ While the northern ranges from the Bernese Alps to the Appenzell Alps are entirely in Switzerland, the southern ranges from the Mont Blanc massif to the Bernina massif are shared with other countries such as France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein.", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ The geography of Switzerland encompasses the geographical features of Switzerland, a mountainous and landlocked country located in Western and Central Europe.", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ It is surrounded by 5 countries: Austria and Liechtenstein to the east, France to the west, Italy to the south and Germany to the north.", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland has a maximum north–south length of and an east–west length of about .", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland is well known for the Alps in the south and south east.", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ North of the Alps, the Swiss Plateau runs along the east–west axis of the country.", "Geography of Switzerland __knowledge__ Most of the population of Switzerland lives on the rolling hills and plains of the plateau.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland (), officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ The country is situated in Western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.", "Switzerland __knowledge__ Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning a total area of (land area ).", "Switzerland __knowledge__ While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately eight million people is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global cities and economic centres Zürich and Geneva.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe heat waves that impacted most of the United States, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Hong Kong, North Africa and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of Canada, Russia, Indochina, South Korea and Japan during May, June, July, and August 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase of the global heatwaves was caused by a moderate El Niño event, which lasted from June 2009 to May 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase lasted only from April 2010 to June 2010, and caused only moderate above average temperatures in the areas affected.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ But it also set new record high temperatures for most of the area affected, in the Northern Hemisphere.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard or St Bernard ( or ) is a breed of very large working dog from the western Alps in Switzerland, France and Italy.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ They were originally bred at the Great and Little St Bernard Pass for rescue.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The breed has become famous through tales of alpine rescues, as well as for its enormous size.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The St. Bernard is a giant dog.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The average weight of the breed is between or more, and the approximate height at the withers is .", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The coat can be either smooth or rough; the smooth coat being close and flat while the rough is dense, flat, and more profuse around the neck and legs.", "St. Bernard (dog) __knowledge__ The colour is typically a red shade with white, or a mahogany brindle with white." ] ]

[ 1, 41, 70, 43, 66 ]

[ "Is your dog needing treatment for diseases or an injury? ", "You may want to get him there as soon as possible the health of your dog may need extra medicine care.", "Yes great idea what kind of dog is he, I had a dog growing up I loved Buddy he was a greater swiss mountain dog.", "No they are about as small as a K-9 dog they are not really big they breed was from the Swiss Alps they are very unique. ", "Alot of people are not familiar with them though and mistake them for those St Bernard dogs only because they both from the Alps in Switzerland. but they are so indifference. " ]

[ "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician" ]

[ "French cuisine", "French cooking and cuisine is among the best in the world! They have great desserts too.", "Do you know much about the French Revolution? I bet the food was glorious on that day", "Do you think that it played an influence in the forthcoming Bolshevik Revolution a century later?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ The French Revolution ( ) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, the Revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history, triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies.", "Edmund Burke __knowledge__ Edmund Burke (; 12 January [NS] 17309 July 1797) was an Irish statesman born in Dublin, as well as an author, orator, political theorist and philosopher, who after moving to London in 1750 served as a member of parliament (MP) between 1766 and 1794 in the House of Commons with the Whig Party.", "Edmund Burke __knowledge__ Burke was a proponent of underpinning virtues with manners in society and of the importance of religion in moral life.", "Edmund Burke __knowledge__ These views were expressed in his \"A Vindication of Natural Society\".", "Edmund Burke __knowledge__ Burke criticized British treatment of the American colonies, including through its taxation policies.", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ Liberalism, the belief in freedom and human rights, is historically associated with such thinkers as John Locke and Montesquieu.", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ It is a political movement which spans the better part of the last four centuries, though the use of the word \"liberalism\" to refer to a specific political doctrine did not occur until the 19th century.", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ The Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England laid the foundations for the development of the modern liberal state by constitutionally limiting the power of the monarch, affirming parliamentary supremacy, passing the Bill of Rights and establishing the principle of \"consent of the governed\".", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history.", "Modern history __knowledge__ This view stands in contrast to the \"organic,\" or non-linear, view of history first put forward by the renowned philosopher and historian, Oswald Spengler, early in the 20th century.", "Modern history __knowledge__ Modern history can be further broken down into periods: Some events, while not without precedent, show a new way of perceiving the world.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The concept of modernity interprets the general meaning of these events and seeks explanations for major developments.", "Modern history __knowledge__ The fundamental difficulty of studying modern history is the fact that a plethora of it has been documented up to the present day.", "Historiography of the French Revolution __knowledge__ The historiography of the French Revolution stretches back over two hundred years, as commentators and historians have sought to answer questions regarding the origins of the Revolution, and its meaning and effects.", "Historiography of the French Revolution __knowledge__ By the year 2000, many historians were saying that the field of the French Revolution was in intellectual disarray.", "Historiography of the French Revolution __knowledge__ The old model or paradigm focusing on class conflict has been discredited, and no new explanatory model had gained widespread support.", "Historiography of the French Revolution __knowledge__ Nevertheless, there persists a very widespread agreement to the effect that the French Revolution was the watershed between the premodern and modern eras of Western history.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Haitian Revolution __knowledge__ The Haitian Revolution ( ) was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign nation of Haiti.", "Haitian Revolution __knowledge__ It began at 10PM on August 22, 1791, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence.", "Haitian Revolution __knowledge__ It was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery, and ruled by non-whites and former captives.", "Haitian Revolution __knowledge__ It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of racism in the Atlantic World.", "Haitian Revolution __knowledge__ Its effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ A cookbook or cookery book is a kitchen reference publication containing a collection of recipes, typically organized by type of dish.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ Modern versions may also include colorful illustrations and advice on purchasing quality ingredients or making substitutions.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ Cookbooks can also cover a wide variety of topics, including cooking techniques for the home, recipes and commentary from famous chefs, institutional kitchen manuals, and cultural commentary.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ The earliest cookbooks listed recipes of the finest cuisine of their day, either of the author's favorite dishes or to train professional cooks for banquets and upper-class, private homes.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "Le Viandier __knowledge__ Le Viandier (often called Le Viandier de Taillevent, ) is a recipe collection generally credited to Guillaume Tirel, alias \"Taillevent\".", "Le Viandier __knowledge__ However, the earliest version of the work was written around 1300, about 10 years before Tirel's birth.", "Le Viandier __knowledge__ The original author is unknown, but it was common for medieval recipe collections to be plagiarized, complemented with additional material and presented as the work of later authors.", "Le Viandier __knowledge__ \"Le Viandier\" is one of the earliest and best-known recipe collections of the Middle Ages, along with the Latin \"Liber de Coquina\" (early 14th century) and the English \"Forme of Cury\" (c. 1390).", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw (\"A Collection of Dishes\") is a cookbook by Stanisław Czerniecki.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ First put in print in 1682, it is the earliest cookery book published originally in Polish.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Czerniecki wrote it in his capacity as head chef at the court of the house of Lubomirski and dedicated it to Princess Helena Tekla Lubomirska.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ The book contains more than 300 recipes, divided into three chapters of about 100 recipes each.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ The chapters are devoted, respectively, to meat, fish and other dishes, and each concludes with a \"master chef's secret\".", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Czerniecki's cooking style, as is evident in his book, was typical for the luxuriant Polish Baroque cuisine, which still had a largely medieval outlook, but was gradually succumbing to novel culinary ideas coming from France." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "John Reed (journalist) __knowledge__ John Silas \"Jack\" Reed (October 22, 1887 – October 17, 1920) was an American journalist, poet, and socialist activist, best remembered for his first-hand account of the Bolshevik Revolution, \"Ten Days That Shook the World\".", "John Reed (journalist) __knowledge__ He was married to writer and feminist Louise Bryant.", "John Reed (journalist) __knowledge__ Reed died in Russia in 1920 and is one of only three Americans buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, the others being labor organizer Bill Haywood, and Charles Ruthenburg (the founder of the Communist Party USA).", "John Reed (journalist) __knowledge__ John Reed was born on October 22, 1887, in his maternal grandmother's mansion in Portland, Oregon, with Chinese servants in today's Goose Hollow neighborhood.", "Socialism __knowledge__ Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production, as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.", "Socialism __knowledge__ Social ownership may refer to forms of public, collective or cooperative ownership, or to citizen ownership of equity.", "Socialism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of and there is no single definition encapsulating all of them, though social ownership is the common element shared by its various forms.", "Socialism __knowledge__ Socialist economic systems can be divided into non-market and market forms.", "Socialism __knowledge__ Non-market socialism involves the substitution of factor markets and money, with engineering and technical criteria, based on calculation performed in-kind, thereby producing an economic mechanism that functions according to different economic laws from those of capitalism.", "October Revolution __knowledge__ The October Revolution (), officially known in Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution (, '), and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising, the Bolshevik Revolution, or Bolshevik Coup was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.", "October Revolution __knowledge__ It took place with an armed insurrection in Petrograd on 25 October (7 November, New Style) 1917.", "October Revolution __knowledge__ It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government after a transfer of power proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, brother of Tsar Nicolas II, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down.", "History of the Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The history of the Eastern Orthodox Church is traced back to Jesus Christ and the Apostles.", "History of the Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Apostles appointed successors, known as bishops, and they in turn appointed other bishops in a process known as Apostolic succession.", "History of the Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ Over time, five Patriarchates were established to organize the Christian world, and four of these ancient Patriarchates remain Orthodox today.", "History of the Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ Orthodox Christianity reached its present form in Late Antiquity (in the period from the 3rd to the 8th century), when the Ecumenical Councils were held, doctrinal disputes were resolved, the Fathers of the Church lived and wrote, and Orthodox worship practices settled into their permanent form (including the liturgies and the major holidays of the Church).", "History of Russia __knowledge__ The History of Russia begins with that of the East Slavs.", "History of Russia __knowledge__ The traditional beginning of Russian history is 862 A.D. Kievan Rus', the first united East Slavic state, was founded in 882.", "History of Russia __knowledge__ The state adopted Christianity from the Byzantine Empire in 988, beginning with the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Slavic culture for the next millennium.", "History of Russia __knowledge__ Kievan Rus' ultimately disintegrated as a state because of the Mongol invasion of Rus' in 1237–1240 and the death of about half the population of Rus'.", "History of Russia __knowledge__ After the 13th century, Moscow became a cultural center of Moscovia.", "History of Russia __knowledge__ By the 18th century, the Tsardom of Russia had become the huge Russian Empire, stretching from the Polish border eastward to the Pacific Ocean.", "Siberian agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture in Siberia started many millennia ago by peoples indigenous to the region.", "Siberian agriculture __knowledge__ While these natives had little more than \"digging sticks\" called mattocks instead of ploughs at their disposal, Siberian agriculture would develop through the centuries until millions of Russian farmers were settled there, reaping significant bounties off this huge expanse of land stretching from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.", "Siberian agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture is inevitably tied up with climate, as Siberia's is not the most forgiving or lenient.", "Siberian agriculture __knowledge__ Siberia does not get warmth from the Atlantic Ocean because of the barriers of Europe and the Ural Mountains, or from the warmer climes of Central Asia because of the mountains to its south and the mountains of the Russian Far East.", "Leon Trotsky __knowledge__ Leon Trotsky (; born Lev Davidovich Bronstein; – 21 August 1940) was a Marxist revolutionary, theorist, and Soviet politician.", "Leon Trotsky __knowledge__ Initially supporting the Menshevik Internationalists faction within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, he joined the Bolsheviks (\"majority\") just before the 1917 October Revolution, immediately becoming a leader within the Communist Party.", "Leon Trotsky __knowledge__ He would go on to become one of the seven members of the first Politburo, founded in 1917 to manage the Bolshevik Revolution.", "Leon Trotsky __knowledge__ During the early days of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and the Soviet Union, he served first as People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs and later as the founder and commander of the Red Army, with the title of People's Commissar of Military and Naval Affairs.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ The French Revolution ( ) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond.", "French Revolution __knowledge__ Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, the Revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history, triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies.", "History of Spain __knowledge__ The history of Spain dates back to the Early Middle Ages.", "History of Spain __knowledge__ In 1516, Habsburg Spain unified a number of disparate predecessor kingdoms; its modern form of a constitutional monarchy was introduced in 1813, and the current democratic constitution dates to 1978.", "History of Spain __knowledge__ After the completion of the Reconquista, the kingdoms of Spain were united under Habsburg rule in 1516, that unified the Crown of Castile, the Crown of Aragon and smaller kingdoms under the same rule.", "History of Spain __knowledge__ At the same time, the Spanish Empire began since the very Discovery of America in 1492, marking the beginning of the Golden Age of Spain, during which, from the early 1500s to the 1650s, Habsburg Spain was the most powerful state in the world and the first empire ever in having possessions on five continents.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "History of France __knowledge__ The first written records for the history of France appear in the Iron Age.", "History of France __knowledge__ What is now France made up the bulk of the region known to the Romans as Gaul.", "History of France __knowledge__ Roman writers noted the presence of three main ethno-linguistic groups in the area: the Gauls, the Aquitani, and the Belgae.", "History of France __knowledge__ The Gauls, the largest and best attested group, were Celtic people speaking what is known as the Gaulish language.", "History of France __knowledge__ Over the course of the 1st millennium BC the Greeks, Romans and Carthaginians established colonies on the Mediterranean coast and the offshore islands.", "History of France __knowledge__ The Roman Republic annexed southern Gaul as the province of Gallia Narbonensis in the late 2nd century BC, and Roman forces under Julius Caesar conquered the rest of Gaul in the Gallic Wars of 58–51 BC.", "Adolphe Thiers __knowledge__ Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers (; 15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian.", "Adolphe Thiers __knowledge__ He was the second elected President of France, and the first President of the French Third Republic.", "Adolphe Thiers __knowledge__ Thiers was a key figure in the July Revolution of 1830, which overthrew the Bourbon monarchy, and the French Revolution of 1848, which established the Second French Republic.", "Adolphe Thiers __knowledge__ He served as a prime minister in 1836, 1840 and 1848, dedicated the Arc de Triomphe, and arranged the return to France of the ashes of Napoleon from Saint-Helena.", "Adolphe Thiers __knowledge__ He was first a supporter, then a vocal opponent of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (who served from 1848 to 1852 as President of the Second Republic and as Emperor Napoleon III, reigning from 1852 to 1871).", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ Liberalism, the belief in freedom and human rights, is historically associated with such thinkers as John Locke and Montesquieu.", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ It is a political movement which spans the better part of the last four centuries, though the use of the word \"liberalism\" to refer to a specific political doctrine did not occur until the 19th century.", "History of liberalism __knowledge__ The Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England laid the foundations for the development of the modern liberal state by constitutionally limiting the power of the monarch, affirming parliamentary supremacy, passing the Bill of Rights and establishing the principle of \"consent of the governed\".", "Napoleon __knowledge__ Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.", "Napoleon __knowledge__ As Napoleon, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again briefly in 1815 (during the Hundred Days).", "Napoleon __knowledge__ Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars.", "Napoleon __knowledge__ He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 11, 42 ]

[ "French cuisine usually consits of cooking and practices from France. It is amazing.", "Yes that is true. In the 14th century Guillaum Tirel was going off and making medievel French recipes.", "Why yes my little politician. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy and established a republic. It was very violent and resulted in Napoleon doing some crazy stuff.", "Probably. They were both inspired by liberal and radical ideas. The revolution profoundly altered modern history and lowered monarchies." ]

[ "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine" ]

[ "Housewife\nI am a housewife that loves what i do.", "Yes, The kids can make a mess faster than you can clean it up.", "Yes we do. Its a 24/7 job. My kids go to camp for a month starting next week. It will be interesting with no children.", "lol, yes, i have seen it. it seems a little fake to me.", "That is interesting. I never knew that." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "Carol Peletier __knowledge__ Carol Peletier () is a fictional character from the comic book series \"The Walking Dead\" and is portrayed by Melissa McBride in the American television series of the same name.", "Carol Peletier __knowledge__ Carol is introduced in the comics in the third issue of the first volume, \"Days Gone Bye,\" in 2003, and the third episode of the first season of the television series in 2010, as a meek housewife and mother of Sophia at the survival camp in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Carol Peletier __knowledge__ Initially a recurring cast member, McBride was upgraded to a series regular position at the onset of the second season, and the character's role has predominantly increased since the fourth season.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ The Compleat Housewife, or, Accomplish'd Gentlewoman's Companion is a cookery book written by Eliza Smith and first published in London in 1727.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ It became extremely popular, running through 18 editions in fifty years.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ It was the first cookery book to be published in the Thirteen Colonies of America: it was printed in Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1742.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ It contained the first published recipe for \"katchup\", and appears to be the earliest source for bread and butter pudding.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ The book includes recipes not only for foods but for wines, cordial-waters, medicines and salves.", "The Compleat Housewife __knowledge__ The title page describes \"The Compleat Housewife\" as a The book was the first to publish a recipe for \"Katchup\"; it included mushrooms, anchovies and horseradish.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from \"Everybody Loves Raymond\", an American sitcom, originally broadcast on CBS from September 13, 1996, to May 16, 2005.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ The show revolves around the life of Italian-American Ray Barone, a sportswriter from Long Island, and his wife, Debra Barone.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ Other main characters include Ray's parents, Frank and Marie, Ray's children Ally, Michael and Geoffrey and Ray's brother Robert, with his wife Amy.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ Raymond Albert \"Ray\" Barone (Ray Romano) is the protagonist of the sitcom.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ Most of the series’ storylines revolve around him, hence the title of the show.", "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters __knowledge__ He lives on Long Island, with his wife Debra and their three children Ally and twin boys, Michael and Geoffrey Barone.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the television series \"Weeds\".", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ Nancy Botwin, née Price (Mary-Louise Parker, leading character)—also known as Lacey LaPlante (season two) and Nathalie Newman (season six)—was a PTA soccer mom until her husband, Judah, suddenly died of a heart attack.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ To maintain the upper middle-class lifestyle to which she was accustomed in the fictional town of Agrestic, Nancy entered the world of marijuana dealing.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ At the start, her regular clients include her accountant, her lawyer, and fellow suburban friends.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ However, as she expands and fights for survival, she is confronted with the violent realities of her business as she jockeys against competitors, gangs, and drug lords." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Mess dress __knowledge__ Mess dress is the military term for the formal evening dress worn by military officers in the mess or at other formal occasions.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ It is also known as mess uniform and, more informally, as mess kit.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ It frequently consists of a mess jacket and trousers worn with a formal shirt and other formal accessories, though the exact form varies depending on the uniform regulations for each service.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ Prior to World War II this style of military dress was largely restricted to the British, British Empire and United States armed forces; although the French, Imperial German, Swedish and other navies had adopted their own versions of mess dress during the late nineteenth century, influenced by the Royal Navy.", "Mess __knowledge__ A mess or mess hall (also called a messdeck aboard ships) is an area where military personnel socialize, eat, and (in some cases) live.", "Mess __knowledge__ In some societies this military usage has extended to other disciplined services eateries such as civilian fire fighting and police forces.", "Mess __knowledge__ The root of \"mess\" is the Old French \"mes\", \"portion of food\" (cf.", "Mess __knowledge__ modern French \"mets\"), drawn from the Latin verb \"mittere\", meaning \"to send\" and \"to put\" (cf.", "Mess __knowledge__ modern French \"mettre\"), the original sense being \"a course of a meal put on the table\"; cfr.", "Mess __knowledge__ also the modern Italian \"portata\" with the same meaning, past participle of \"portare\", \"to bring\".", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Only appearing in \"Captain Marvel Adventures\" #139.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Niatpac Levram was the creation of the devilish Wizzo the Wizard!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ The wizard created Levram as a mirror duplicate of Captain Marvel by casting a spell and animating Cap's image from a mirror.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Wizzo used Niatpac Levram to wreak havoc on Captain Marvel's city for the sole purpose of graduating from the School of Black Magicians!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Cap was able to defeat Wizzo and send Nia back to the mirror universe!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ 1948, \"Mary Marvel\" #24.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ Kids Can Say No!, stylized as \"Kids Can Say No,\" is a 1985 British short educational film produced and directed by Jessica Skippon and written by Anita Bennett.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ It is intended to teach children between ages five and eight how to avoid situations where they might be sexually abused, how to escape such situations, and how to get help if they are abused.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ In the film, Australian celebrity Rolf Harris is in a park with a group of four children and tells them about proper and improper physical intimacy, which he calls \"yes\" and \"no\" feelings.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ The film has four role-playing scenes in which children encounter paedophiles, with Harris and the children discussing each scene.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ PBS Kids Go!", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ is a defunct educational television brand used by PBS for programs intended for older children (6 to 8-year olds), in comparison to the younger-skewing PBS Kids.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ It was primarily broadcast on PBS stations during the afternoon hours on weekdays.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ It debuted on October 11, 2004, and was discontinued on October 7, 2013.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ PBS Kids Go!", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ programming block was launched in October 2004.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ With the discontinuation of the PBS Kids network for PBS Kids Sprout in 2005, Kids Go continued on PBS.", "PBS Kids Go! __knowledge__ In April 2006, PBS announced that, in October 2006, a 24-hour digital multicast network called PBS Kids Go!", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Nicholas Lou Saban Jr. (; born October 31, 1951) is an American football coach who has been the head football coach at the University of Alabama since 2007.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban previously served as head coach of the National Football League's Miami Dolphins and three other universities: Louisiana State University, Michigan State University, and the University of Toledo.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban's career record as a college head coach is 218–62–1..", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ He is regarded by many as the greatest college coach of all time.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban led the LSU Tigers to the BCS National Championship in 2003 and the Alabama Crimson Tide to BCS and AP national championships in 2009, 2011, 2012, and College Football Playoff championships in 2015 and 2017.", "When Good Kids Go Bad __knowledge__ \"When Good Kids Go Bad\" is the second episode of the American sitcom \"Modern Family\"s third season and the 50th episode overall.", "When Good Kids Go Bad __knowledge__ The episode originally aired on September 21, 2011 on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and ran back-to-back with \"Dude Ranch\" in a one-hour timeslot.", "When Good Kids Go Bad __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeffrey Richman and directed by Michael Spiller.", "When Good Kids Go Bad __knowledge__ \"When Good Kids Go Bad\" was viewed by 14.53 million viewers and received positive reviews from critics with particular praise for the collage of moments between Cameron (Eric Stonestreet) and Lily (Aubrey Anderson-Emmons) from Sandra Gonzalez of \"Entertainment Weekly\" and Donna Bowman of \"The A.V.", "Jay Cutler (American football) __knowledge__ Jay Christopher Cutler (born April 29, 1983) is an American football quarterback for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL).", "Jay Cutler (American football) __knowledge__ He played college football at Vanderbilt and was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft, for whom he played for three seasons.", "Jay Cutler (American football) __knowledge__ In 2009, he was traded to the Chicago Bears, where he played for eight seasons.", "Jay Cutler (American football) __knowledge__ Following the 2016 season, Cutler announced his retirement and his intention to become a sportscaster for NFL on Fox's television broadcasts.", "Jay Cutler (American football) __knowledge__ However, following a season-ending injury to Dolphins quarterback Ryan Tannehill in August 2017, Cutler came out of retirement and signed with the team.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ This article contains an in-depth explanation of the history of the Dallas Cowboys, a professional American football team that competes in the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Dallas Cowboys were the NFL's first modern-era expansion team.", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The NFL was late in awarding Dallas; after Lamar Hunt was rebuffed in his efforts to acquire an NFL franchise for Dallas, he became part of a group of owners that formed the American Football League with Hunt's AFL franchise in Dallas known as the Texans (later to become the Kansas City Chiefs).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ In an effort not to cede the South to the AFL, the NFL awarded Dallas a franchise, but not until after the 1960 college draft had been held.", "Double burden __knowledge__ Double burden is a term used to describe the workload of people who work to earn money, but who are also responsible for significant amounts of unpaid domestic labor.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This phenomenon is also known as \"The Second Shift\" as in Arlie Hochschild's book of the same name.", "Double burden __knowledge__ In couples where both partners have paid jobs, women often spend significantly more time than men on household chores and caring work, such as childrearing or caring for sick family members.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This outcome is determined in large part by traditional gender roles that have been accepted by society over time.", "Double burden __knowledge__ Labor market constraints also play a role in determining who does the bulk of unpaid work.", "The Real Housewives of New Jersey __knowledge__ The Real Housewives of New Jersey (abbreviated RHONJ) is an American reality television series that premiered on May 12, 2009 on Bravo.", "The Real Housewives of New Jersey __knowledge__ Developed as the fourth installment of \"The Real Housewives\" franchise, following \"The Real Housewives of Orange County\", \"New York City\", and \"Atlanta\", it is currently in its eighth season and focuses on the personal and professional lives of several women residing in New Jersey.", "The Real Housewives of New Jersey __knowledge__ The series originally focused on Teresa Giudice, Jacqueline Laurita, Caroline Manzo, Dina Manzo, and Danielle Staub.", "The Real Housewives of New Jersey __knowledge__ The current lineup consists of Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Dolores Catania, Siggy Flicker and Margaret Josephs.", "Unpaid work __knowledge__ Unpaid labor is defined as labor that does not receive any direct remuneration.", "Unpaid work __knowledge__ This is a form of 'non-market work' which can fall into one of two categories: (1) unpaid work that is placed within the production boundary of the System of National Accounts (SNA), such as gross domestic product (GDP), and (2) unpaid work that falls outside of the production boundary (non-SNA work), such as domestic labor that occurs inside households for their consumption.", "Unpaid work __knowledge__ Unpaid labor is visible in many forms and isn't limited to activities within a household.", "Unpaid work __knowledge__ Other types of unpaid labor activities include volunteering as a form of charity work and interning as a form of unpaid employment.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry, and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC, from October 3, 2004, to May 13, 2012.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily, George W. Perkins, John Pardee, Joey Murphy, David Grossman, and Larry Shaw.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Set on Wisteria Lane, a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State, \"Desperate Housewives\" follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode.", "Kyariaūman __knowledge__ A is a Japanese term for a career woman.", "Kyariaūman __knowledge__ The term refers to the type of Japanese woman, married or not, that pursues a career to make a living and for personal advancement rather than being a housewife without occupation outside the home.", "Kyariaūman __knowledge__ The term came into use when women were expected to marry and become housewives after a short period working as an \"office lady.\"", "Kyariaūman __knowledge__ The term is used in Japan to describe the counterpart to the Japanese salaryman (サラリーマン); a career woman in Japan also works for a salary, and seeks to supplement their family's income through work or to remain independent by seeking an independent career.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry, and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC, from October 3, 2004, to May 13, 2012.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily, George W. Perkins, John Pardee, Joey Murphy, David Grossman, and Larry Shaw.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Set on Wisteria Lane, a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State, \"Desperate Housewives\" follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of the American dramedy-mystery television series \"Desperate Housewives\" commenced airing in the United States on September 25, 2005 and concluded on May 21, 2006.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ The season continues the story of the Wisteria Lane residents, while their seemingly perfect lives in the suburban neighborhood are shaken by the arrival of the mysterious Betty Applewhite.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ Broadcast in the Sunday night time slot at 9.00 ET, the season aired twenty-four regular episodes, including a two-part season finale.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ In addition, three clip shows were produced for the season, in order to put the previous events of the show in perspective.", "Desperate Housewives (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the American dramedy-mystery television series \"Desperate Housewives\" commenced airing on ABC in the United States on September 24, 2006 and concluded on May 20, 2007.", "Desperate Housewives (season 3) __knowledge__ The season continues the story of the Wisteria Lane residents, describing their lives in the suburban neighborhood, while dealing with the arrival of the mysterious Orson Hodge.", "Desperate Housewives (season 3) __knowledge__ Broadcast in the Sunday night timeslot at 9:00 ET, the season aired twenty-three regular episodes.", "Desperate Housewives (season 3) __knowledge__ In addition, two clip shows were produced for the season, in order to put the previous events of the show in perspective.", "Desperate Housewives (season 3) __knowledge__ \"The Juciest Bites\" aired before the seventeenth episode, detailing the events of the first three seasons, in order to introduce the new story arcs in the end of the season.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ The pilot episode of the American dramedy-mystery series \"Desperate Housewives\" premiered on October 3, 2004, on the ABC network.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ It was written by series creator Marc Cherry and directed by Charles McDougall.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ The pilot introduces the residents of the suburban neighborhood of Wisteria Lane.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ Following the suicide of an outwardly successful neighbor, her friends begin to deal with the problems in their personal lives.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher) competes for the attention of a new plumber who has moved across the street; Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross) struggles with her failing marriage and ungrateful family; Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria) continues an affair with her sixteen-year-old gardener; and Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman) copes with life as a stay-at-home mother of four.", "Desperate Housewives (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of \"Desperate Housewives\", an American television series created by Marc Cherry, commenced airing in the United States on October 3, 2004, concluded May 22, 2005, and consisted of 23 episodes.", "Desperate Housewives (season 1) __knowledge__ It tells the story of Mary Alice Young, a seemingly perfect housewife who commits suicide, fearing that a dark secret, involving her, her husband, and their son would be exposed.", "Desperate Housewives (season 1) __knowledge__ At her wake, Mary Alice's four close friends and the main characters, Susan Mayer, Lynette Scavo, Bree Van de Kamp and Gabrielle Solis, are introduced.", "Desperate Housewives (season 1) __knowledge__ All of them live in the suburb of Fairview on Wisteria Lane.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ \"Lovely\" is the fifteenth episode of the sixth season of the American comedy-drama series, \"Desperate Housewives\", and the 126th overall episode of the series.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ It originally aired on ABC in the United States on February 21, 2010.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ In the episode, former stripper Robin Gallagher (Julie Benz) interacts with each of the women of Wisteria Lane, drastically affecting their lives.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ She grows particularly close to Katherine Mayfair (Dana Delany), with whom she shares a kiss during a bar outing.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ The episode was written by David Schladweiler and directed by David Warren.", "Lovely (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ It included the second in a string of guest appearances by Benz, who had recently departed as a regular from the Showtime drama series, \"Dexter\".", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ Marc Cherry (born March 23, 1962) is an American television writer and producer.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ He is best known for creating the ABC comedy-drama series \"Desperate Housewives\" and the Lifetime comedy-drama series \"Devious Maids\".", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ Marc Cherry was born in Long Beach and lived briefly in Oklahoma.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ His father was an accountant which required the family to relocate to California.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ After graduating from Troy High School in Fullerton, California, Cherry graduated from California State University, Fullerton's theater program and initially considered a career in performance.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ After winning $15,000 as a contestant on \"The $100,000 Pyramid\" in 1986, he decided to move to Hollywood and pursue writing work." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ I Never Knew You is the second extended play by American rapper Cage.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Released by Adult Swim and Definitive Jux, the EP was released to promote Cage's album \"Depart from Me\" and the first music video from that album, \"I Never Knew You\", and contained four exclusive tracks.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The title track, \"I Never Knew You\", appeared on the album \"Depart from Me\".", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew You\" was initially released as a free digital download, but has since been released through digital stores.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The EP was released in conjunction with the release of a music video for \"I Never Knew You\" directed by Shia LaBeouf.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The video features actor Dan Byrd following a woman played by Scarlett Kapella.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) is the twenty fourth studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was released in August 1974 on Columbia Records and was produced by Ray Baker.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The title track became the album's lead single.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before)\" contained eleven tracks (as did her past three albums for the Columbia label), including cover versions of Harlan Howard's \"The Key's in the Mailbox\" and Tom T. Hall's \"Never Having You.\"", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at the Columbia Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee in 1974 and was her second and final album that was released that year.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana Mase is an American pop singer and songwriter.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has released five albums so far: \"Diary\" (1994), \"Sitting with an Angel\" (1995), \"Through the Concrete & the Rocks\" (1998), \"Thread of Blue\" (2004) and \"The Colors of Black and White\" (2007).", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She is mostly known for the title track from the album \"Sitting with an Angel\", which was featured in the television show, \"Dawson's Creek\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has worked with producers Steve Addabbo in \"Through the Concrete and Rocks\" and Neil Dorfsman in \"Thread of Blue\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana's single “She Never Knew She Never Knew” (music video: ) exposes institutional retardation.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"If I Never Knew You\" is a song by American recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice, from Disney's 1995 animated feature film, \"Pocahontas\".", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The song was written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz, and originally recorded by American singer Judy Kuhn in her film role as the singing voice of Pocahontas, and American actor Mel Gibson in his role as Captain John Smith.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Shanice and Secada's version is heard during film's end credits, and was released on September 12, 1995 as the second single from the film's soundtrack, after Vanessa Williams' pop and R&B rendition of the Academy Award-winning \"Colors of the Wind\".", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry, and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC, from October 3, 2004, to May 13, 2012.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily, George W. Perkins, John Pardee, Joey Murphy, David Grossman, and Larry Shaw.", "Desperate Housewives __knowledge__ Set on Wisteria Lane, a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State, \"Desperate Housewives\" follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ The pilot episode of the American dramedy-mystery series \"Desperate Housewives\" premiered on October 3, 2004, on the ABC network.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ It was written by series creator Marc Cherry and directed by Charles McDougall.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ The pilot introduces the residents of the suburban neighborhood of Wisteria Lane.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ Following the suicide of an outwardly successful neighbor, her friends begin to deal with the problems in their personal lives.", "Pilot (Desperate Housewives) __knowledge__ Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher) competes for the attention of a new plumber who has moved across the street; Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross) struggles with her failing marriage and ungrateful family; Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria) continues an affair with her sixteen-year-old gardener; and Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman) copes with life as a stay-at-home mother of four.", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the series premiere to the Lifetime series \"Devious Maids\".", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ The pilot had been ordered by ABC on January 31, 2012 and cast during the following two months.", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ Filming began in March.", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ ABC declined to pick up the pilot on May 14, but Lifetime did so on June 22, ordering 13 episodes.", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ Although most of the cast had been selected by this time three additional regular supporting characters were added in November 2012 for inclusion in the pilot and the continuing series.", "Pilot (Devious Maids) __knowledge__ The episode revolves around the murder of a Latina maid in Beverly Hills and the introduction of her cadre of associates who are also Latina maids.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of the American dramedy-mystery television series \"Desperate Housewives\" commenced airing in the United States on September 25, 2005 and concluded on May 21, 2006.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ The season continues the story of the Wisteria Lane residents, while their seemingly perfect lives in the suburban neighborhood are shaken by the arrival of the mysterious Betty Applewhite.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ Broadcast in the Sunday night time slot at 9.00 ET, the season aired twenty-four regular episodes, including a two-part season finale.", "Desperate Housewives (season 2) __knowledge__ In addition, three clip shows were produced for the season, in order to put the previous events of the show in perspective.", "Mary Alice Young __knowledge__ Mary Alice Young is a fictional character from the ABC television series \"Desperate Housewives\".", "Mary Alice Young __knowledge__ The character was created by television producer and screenwriter Marc Cherry and is portrayed by Brenda Strong, who also serves as the narrator of the series from beyond the grave; the character's suicide in the pilot episode served as the catalyst of the series.", "Mary Alice Young __knowledge__ The narration provided by Mary Alice is essential to the tale of Wisteria Lane, as the series revolves around her sharing the secrets of her friends and neighbors.", "Mary Alice Young __knowledge__ Her narration technique is akin in style to Edgar Lee Masters' \"Spoon River Anthology\" (1915).", "Bree Van de Kamp __knowledge__ Bree Weston (née Mason, previously Van de Kamp and Hodge) is a fictional character and one of the four protagonists on the ABC television series \"Desperate Housewives\".", "Bree Van de Kamp __knowledge__ She is played by actress Marcia Cross, who has received multiple awards and nominations for her portrayal, including an Emmy Award nomination, three Golden Globe Award nominations, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.", "Bree Van de Kamp __knowledge__ Cross' portrayal of Bree has been widely praised by critics and fans.", "Bree Van de Kamp __knowledge__ Cross originally auditioned for the role of Mary Alice Young, but series creator Marc Cherry thought she was better suited for the role of Bree.", "Bree Van de Kamp __knowledge__ Dana Delany, who eventually was cast as Katherine Mayfair, was originally chosen for the role but turned it down, saying it was too similar to her role in \"Pasadena\".", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ Marc Cherry (born March 23, 1962) is an American television writer and producer.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ He is best known for creating the ABC comedy-drama series \"Desperate Housewives\" and the Lifetime comedy-drama series \"Devious Maids\".", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ Marc Cherry was born in Long Beach and lived briefly in Oklahoma.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ His father was an accountant which required the family to relocate to California.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ After graduating from Troy High School in Fullerton, California, Cherry graduated from California State University, Fullerton's theater program and initially considered a career in performance.", "Marc Cherry __knowledge__ After winning $15,000 as a contestant on \"The $100,000 Pyramid\" in 1986, he decided to move to Hollywood and pursue writing work." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 57, 63, 78 ]

[ "Yeah! Its a lot of responsibility on your path,occupied with running the households", "Housewives work many unpaid hours,just to get the family going", "A times one could be desperate as the Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama series..Lol! ", "It would interest you to know that Marc cherry created the first season of D.H", "He is best known for creating the ABC comedy-drama series \"" ]

[ "Housewife", "Housewife", "Housewife", "Housewife", "Housewife" ]

[ "Cross-country skiing (sport)", "I have ski'd before, and i loved it! when did the sport first start? ", "Didn't realise it went back that far. is it a popular sport around the world? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ The sport of cross-country skiing encompasses a variety of formats for cross-country skiing races over courses of varying lengths according to rules sanctioned by the International Ski Federation and by various national organizations, such as the U.S.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA) and Cross Country Ski Canada.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ International competitions include the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, the FIS Cross-Country World Cup, and at the Winter Olympic Games.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Such races occur over homologated, groomed courses designed to support classic (in-track) and freestyle events, where the skiers may employ skate skiing.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ It also encompasses cross-country ski marathon events, sanctioned by the Worldloppet Ski Federation, and cross-country ski orienteering events, sanctioned by the International Orienteering Federation.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Related forms of competition are biathlon, where competitors race on cross-country skis and stop to shoot at targets with rifles, and paralympic cross-country skiing that allows athletes with disabilities to compete at cross-country skiing with adaptive equipment.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Norwegian army units were skiing for sport (and prizes) in the 18th century.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Starting in the latter part of the 20th century, technique evolved from the striding in-track classic technique to include skate-skiing, which occurs on courses that have been groomed with wide lanes for those using the technique." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ The sport of cross-country skiing encompasses a variety of formats for cross-country skiing races over courses of varying lengths according to rules sanctioned by the International Ski Federation and by various national organizations, such as the U.S.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA) and Cross Country Ski Canada.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ International competitions include the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, the FIS Cross-Country World Cup, and at the Winter Olympic Games.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Such races occur over homologated, groomed courses designed to support classic (in-track) and freestyle events, where the skiers may employ skate skiing.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ It also encompasses cross-country ski marathon events, sanctioned by the Worldloppet Ski Federation, and cross-country ski orienteering events, sanctioned by the International Orienteering Federation.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Related forms of competition are biathlon, where competitors race on cross-country skis and stop to shoot at targets with rifles, and paralympic cross-country skiing that allows athletes with disabilities to compete at cross-country skiing with adaptive equipment.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Norwegian army units were skiing for sport (and prizes) in the 18th century.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Starting in the latter part of the 20th century, technique evolved from the striding in-track classic technique to include skate-skiing, which occurs on courses that have been groomed with wide lanes for those using the technique.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ It is a form of competitive Nordic skiing where athletes descend individually at very fast speeds along a specially built takeoff ramp using skis only; jump from the end of it with as much power as they can generate; then glide – or 'fly' – as far as possible down a steeply sloped hill; and ultimately land within a target zone in a stable manner.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Points are awarded for distance and stylistic merit by five judges, and events are governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS).", "Ski flying __knowledge__ The rules and scoring in ski flying are mostly the same as they are in ski jumping, and events under the discipline are usually contested as part of the Ski Jumping World Cup season, but the hills (of which there are only five remaining, all in Europe) are constructed to a different standard in order to enable jumps of up to 66% longer in distance.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ Water skiing is a surface water sport in which an individual is pulled behind a boat or a cable ski installation over a body of water, skimming the surface on two skis or one ski.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ The sport requires sufficient area on a smooth stretch of water, one or two skis, a tow boat with tow rope, three people (depending on state boating laws), and a personal flotation device.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ In addition, the skier must have adequate upper and lower body strength, muscular endurance, and good balance.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ There are water ski participants around the world, in Asia and Australia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ In the United States alone, there are approximately 11 million water skiers and over 900 sanctioned water ski competitions every year.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ Poohsticks is a sport first mentioned in \"The House at Pooh Corner\", a Winnie-the-Pooh book by A.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ A. Milne.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ It is a simple sport which may be played on any bridge over running water; each player drops a stick on the upstream side of a bridge and the one whose stick first appears on the downstream side is the winner.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ The annual World Poohsticks Championships have been held at Day's Lock on the River Thames in the UK since 1984.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ Poohsticks was invented by English author A.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ A. Milne for his son Christopher Robin Milne.", "Poohsticks __knowledge__ The sport first came to prominence when it was described in the author's book \"The House at Pooh Corner\" as well as in the Disney animated featurette \"Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore\".", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ Joe Pete Wilson (born May 22, 1935) skied for the US in cross-country at the 1960 Winter Olympics, but later became a well-known administrator in the United States.", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ Wilson also wrote several books on cross-country skiing, all co-authored by William J. Lederer.", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ Wilson set up the cross-country ski area at the Trapp Family Lodge in Stowe, Vermont - the lodge established by the Trapp family of \"Sound of Music\" fame.", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ In 1973, Wilson organized a meeting of 25 ski areas and established the National Ski Touring Operators' Association.", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ Wilson was named as its first President from 1973-1977.", "Joseph Peter Wilson __knowledge__ After several name changes it is now called the Cross Country Ski Areas Association (CCSAA).", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Paralympic alpine skiing is an adaptation of alpine skiing for athletes with a disability.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport evolved from the efforts of disabled veterans in Germany and Austria during and after the Second World War.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The primary equipment used includes outrigger skis, sit-skis, and mono-skis.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing disciplines include the Downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to insure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing in Australia takes place in the high country of the states of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania as well as in the Australian Capital Territory, during the southern hemisphere winter.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing began in Australia at the goldrush town of Kiandra, New South Wales in the year 1861.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ The first ski tow was constructed near Mount Buffalo, Victoria in 1936.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Australian skiers competed in the Winter Olympics for the first time in Oslo 1952 and have competed in all subsequent Games, winning medals at every Games since 1998.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Malcolm Milne became the first non-European to win a ski race world cup in 1969 and Olympic medalists include Zali Steggall, Alisa Camplin, Dale Begg-Smith, Lydia Lassila and David Morris in skiing and Torah Bright in snowboarding.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 __knowledge__ The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 () took place 18 February – 1 March 2009 in Liberec, Czech Republic.", "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 __knowledge__ This was the fourth time these championships were hosted either in the Czech Republic or in Czechoslovakia, having done so at Janské Lázně (1925) and Vysoké Tatry (in both 1935 and 1970).", "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 __knowledge__ The biggest sports event in the country's history, it hosted 589 athletes from 61 countries.", "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 __knowledge__ Women's ski jumping and Men's Nordic combined 10 km mass start events debuted at these championships, both won by Americans Lindsey Van and Todd Lodwick, respectively.", "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 __knowledge__ Norway won the most medals with twelve and most golds with five, all in the men's cross-country skiing events, including three from Petter Northug.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Winter Sports in Australia encompasses a great variety of activities across the continent of Australia, including winter sports played in snow and ice such as ice hockey.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Climate varies considerably from the tropical North to temperate South in Australia, and sporting practices vary accordingly.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Ice and snow sports like Skiing in Australia are conducted in the high country of the Australian Alps and Tasmanian Wilderness.", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Australia has relatively low mountain ranges, but a long history of participation in recreational skiing (since the 1860s) and the Winter Olympic Games (since 1936).", "Winter sport in Australia __knowledge__ Australians have won olympic gold in ice skating, skiing and snow-boarding events.", "Skiing in New South Wales __knowledge__ Skiing in New South Wales takes place in the high country of the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales during the Southern Hemisphere winter.", "Skiing in New South Wales __knowledge__ Skiing in Australia began at the goldrush town of Kiandra, New South Wales around 1861.", "Skiing in New South Wales __knowledge__ New South Wales has skiable terrain between elevations of around 1300m to 2200m, with viable winter snows generally found above 1500m: Thredbo, near mount Kosciuszko, has Australia's highest lifted point at 2037m and its base elevation is 1365m.", "Skiing in New South Wales __knowledge__ Kiandra, in the Northern Skifields, has an elevation of 1400m.", "Skiing in New South Wales __knowledge__ New South Wales has well-developed downhill ski resorts at Thredbo, Charlotte Pass, Perisher and Selwyn Snowfields.Cross country skiing is possible across the Kosciuszko National Park." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ The sport of cross-country skiing encompasses a variety of formats for cross-country skiing races over courses of varying lengths according to rules sanctioned by the International Ski Federation and by various national organizations, such as the U.S.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA) and Cross Country Ski Canada.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ International competitions include the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, the FIS Cross-Country World Cup, and at the Winter Olympic Games.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Such races occur over homologated, groomed courses designed to support classic (in-track) and freestyle events, where the skiers may employ skate skiing.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ It also encompasses cross-country ski marathon events, sanctioned by the Worldloppet Ski Federation, and cross-country ski orienteering events, sanctioned by the International Orienteering Federation.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Related forms of competition are biathlon, where competitors race on cross-country skis and stop to shoot at targets with rifles, and paralympic cross-country skiing that allows athletes with disabilities to compete at cross-country skiing with adaptive equipment.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Norwegian army units were skiing for sport (and prizes) in the 18th century.", "Cross-country skiing (sport) __knowledge__ Starting in the latter part of the 20th century, technique evolved from the striding in-track classic technique to include skate-skiing, which occurs on courses that have been groomed with wide lanes for those using the technique.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ While much has been written about baseball in the United States, it was often played in numerous other countries.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ Today, baseball is a popular sport around the world.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ The International Baseball Federation (IBF) was founded in 1938, after the inaugural Baseball World Cup held in London.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ About 5 years later, the name of the federation was changed to \"Federacion Internacional de Beisbol Amateur\" (FIBA).", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ In 1973, struggles in the FIBA led to a dissident organisation, the \"Federacion Mundial de Beisbol Amateur\" (FEMBA), which organised its own World Championships.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ The two organisations were reconciled in 1976, forming the \"International Baseball Association\" (AINBA).", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Sport in New Zealand __knowledge__ Sport in New Zealand largely reflects its British colonial heritage, with some of the most popular sports being rugby union, rugby league, cricket, football (soccer) basketball and netball which are primarily played in Commonwealth countries.", "Sport in New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealand is a small nation but has enjoyed success in many sports, notably rugby union (considered the national sport), rugby league, cricket (considered the national summer sport), America's Cup sailing, world championship and Olympics events and motorsport and softball.", "Sport in New Zealand __knowledge__ Other popular sports include golf, hockey, tennis, cycling, rowing, and a variety of water sports, particularly sailing and surf sports.", "Sport in Russia __knowledge__ The most popular sport in Russia is football According to Yandex search analysis results rating of the most popular sports among Russians: \"Football topped the list of the most popular sports in Russia\" with 5 to 10 million requests.", "Sport in Russia __knowledge__ Ice hockey came in second with handball, basketball, boxing, auto racing, volleyball, athletics, tennis and chess rounding out the top ten rankings.", "Sport in Russia __knowledge__ Other popular sports include bandy, biathlon, figure skating, weightlifting, gymnastics, wrestling, martial arts, rugby union, and skiing.", "Sport in Russia __knowledge__ The Soviet Union (USSR) competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1952 Summer Olympics.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ Rugby union, commonly known in most of the world as rugby, is a contact team sport which originated in England in the first half of the 19th century.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ In its most common form, a game is between two teams of 15 players using an oval-shaped ball on a rectangular field with H-shaped goalposts on each try line.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ Rugby union is a popular sport around the world, played by male and female players of all ages.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ In 2014, there were more than 6 million people playing worldwide, of whom 2.36 million were registered players.", "Norwegian Army __knowledge__ Norway achieved full independence in 1905, and in the first century of its short life has contributed to three major conflicts, World War II, the Cold War and the War on Terror.", "Norwegian Army __knowledge__ The Norwegian Army currently operates in Northern Norway and in Afghanistan as well as in Eastern Europe.", "Norwegian Army __knowledge__ The Army is the oldest of the service branches, established as a modern military organization in 1628.", "Norwegian Army __knowledge__ The Army participated in wars during the 17th, 18th and 19th century as well, both in Norway and abroad.", "Norwegian Army __knowledge__ After the Kalmar War broke out in 1611, the Danish king tried to revive the volunteer leidang, with dire results.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The Norwegian Campaign (9 April to 10 June 1940) was fought in Norway between Norway, the Allies and Germany in World War II after the latter's invasion of the country.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ In April, the United Kingdom and France came to Norway's aid with an expeditionary force.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ Despite moderate success in the northern parts of Norway, the Allies were eventually compelled to withdraw by Germany's invasion of France in May, and the Norwegian government sought exile in London.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The campaign ended with the occupation of Norway by Germany, and the continued fighting by exiled Norwegian forces from abroad.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The 62 days of fighting made Norway the nation that withstood a German invasion for the second longest period of time, after the Soviet Union.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09 __knowledge__ The Dano–Swedish War of 1808–1809 was a war between Denmark–Norway and Sweden due to Denmark–Norway's alliance with France and Sweden's alliance with the United Kingdom during the Napoleonic Wars.", "Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09 __knowledge__ Neither Sweden nor Denmark-Norway had wanted war to begin with but once pushed into it through their respective alliances, Sweden made a bid to acquire Norway by way of invasion while Denmark-Norway made ill-fated attempts to reconquer territories lost to Sweden in the 17th century.", "Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09 __knowledge__ Peace was concluded on grounds of \"status quo ante bellum\" on 10 December 1809.", "Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09 __knowledge__ During the War of the First Coalition Denmark-Norway and Sweden had remained neutral.", "Military history of Norway __knowledge__ The military history of Norway commences before the Viking age with the internal wars fought between regional kings to obtain the supreme kingship of the whole of Norway.", "Military history of Norway __knowledge__ The most famous period of Norwegian history and thus military history is the Viking age, but the early Middle Ages was the era when Norwegian military power in Europe reached its peak.", "Military history of Norway __knowledge__ Since then the Norwegian military has experienced long periods of neglect, but also rearmament and victories.", "Military history of Norway __knowledge__ The civil war era of Norwegian history (Norwegian \"borgerkrigstida\") is a term used for the period between 1130 and 1240 in the history of Norway.", "History of skiing __knowledge__ Skiing, or traveling over snow on skis, has a history of at least eight millennia.", "History of skiing __knowledge__ The earliest archaeological examples of skis were found in Russia and date to 6000 BCE.", "History of skiing __knowledge__ Although modern skiing has evolved from beginnings in Scandinavia, 10,000-year-old wall paintings suggest use of skis in the Xinjiang region of what is now China.", "History of skiing __knowledge__ Originally purely utilitarian, starting in the mid-1800s skiing became a popular recreational activity and sport, becoming practiced in snow-covered regions worldwide, and providing a market for the development of ski resorts and their related communities.", "History of skiing __knowledge__ The word ski comes from the Old Norse word \"skíð\" which means stick of wood or ski." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 8 ]

[ "Cross country skiing is racing over courses of varying lengths, do you ski?", "In the 18th century the Norwegian army was skiing for competition and prizes", "Yes it is and around end of 20th century the current techniques evolved" ]

[ "Cross-country skiing (sport)", "Cross-country skiing (sport)", "Cross-country skiing (sport)" ]

[ "North Dakota", "I don't know a whole lot about North Dakota. What is it like to live there?", "I've heard it is bitter cold there in the winters." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list of birds of North Dakota includes species documented in the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ The list is derived from eBird data supplemented by the North Dakota Bird Records Committee (NDBRC) review list.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ As of May 2017, the list contains 406 species.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Of them, 155 and a subspecies are on the review list (see below), eight species have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the \"Check-list of North American Birds\", 7th edition through the 58th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Common and scientific names are also those of the \"Check-list\".", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ The North Dakota Fighting Hawks represent the University of North Dakota, competing in the Big Sky Conference in the NCAA Division I's Football Championship Subdivision.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1973 to 2008, they played in the NCAA's NCAA Division II, winning the National Championship in 2001.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1972, they competed in the NCAA's College Division where they participated in and won three bowl games.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ North Dakota fielded its first football team in 1894.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ In 1922, they were one of the 9 charter members of the North Central Conference, where they competed until 2008 when they upgraded all of their athletic programs to the Division I level and joined the Great West Conference.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ is a 1989 edutainment video game that forms part of the \"Carmen Sandiego\" series, and was developed by Broderbund and the North Dakota Database Committee for the Apple II.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ This \"franchise extension\" is the only game in the series based on a U.S. state, and was patterned after the previous games in the then-four year old series.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Intended as a form of \"pilot program\" to test whether region-specific versions for the remaining 49 states were financially viable, the game was released in celebration of North Dakota's centennial celebration, and was aimed at schools to help teach children about the state's history and geography.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ The Dakota Access Pipeline protests, also known by the hashtag #NODAPL, are grassroots movements that began in early 2016 in reaction to the approved construction of Energy Transfer Partners' Dakota Access Pipeline in the northern United States.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ The pipeline was projected to run from the Bakken oil fields in western North Dakota to southern Illinois, crossing beneath the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, as well as under part of Lake Oahe near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ Many in the Standing Rock tribe considered the pipeline and its intended crossing of the Missouri River to constitute a threat to the region's clean water and to ancient burial grounds.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ Jill Ellen Stein (born May 14, 1950) is an American physician, activist, and politician.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ She was the Green Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 and 2016 elections.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ She was an unsuccessful candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 2002 and 2010.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ Stein was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Gladys (\"née\" Wool) and Joseph Stein.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ She was raised in Highland Park, Illinois.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ Her parents were descended from Russian Jews, and Stein was raised in a Reform Jewish household, attending Chicago's North Shore Congregation Israel.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ She now considers herself agnostic.", "Jill Stein __knowledge__ In 1973, Stein graduated \"magna cum laude\" from Harvard College, where she studied psychology, sociology, and anthropology.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) or Bakken pipeline is a underground oil pipeline in the United States.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ It begins in the Bakken shale oil fields in northwest North Dakota and continues through South Dakota and Iowa to the oil tank farm near Patoka, Illinois.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Together with the Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline from Patoka to Nederland, Texas, it forms the Bakken system.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The $3.78 billion project was announced to the public in June 2014, and informational hearings for landowners took place between August 2014 and January 2015.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Dakota Access, LLC, a subsidiary of Energy Transfer Partners, L.P., started constructing the pipeline in June 2016.", "Pfister (firm) __knowledge__ Pfister, formerly called Price Pfister until 2010, is a manufacturer of bathroom and lavatory faucets, shower systems, showerheads, and accessories and kitchen faucets and other plumbing fixtures.", "Pfister (firm) __knowledge__ Emil Price and William Pfister founded the company in 1910.", "Pfister (firm) __knowledge__ Today, Price Pfister is owned by Spectrum Brands Holdings Incorporated Hardware and Home Improvement Group.", "Pfister (firm) __knowledge__ Price Pfister was founded by Emil Price and William Pfister in Los Angeles in 1910, when the company introduced its first product, a garden faucet.", "Pfister (firm) __knowledge__ Over the next decade, the Price Pfister’s product line expanded to include other types of faucets, valves, and hose nozzles for indoor sinks and bathtubs.", "Proud Spell __knowledge__ Proud Spell (foaled May 13, 2005) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare.", "Proud Spell __knowledge__ As a two-year-old in 2007 she was rated one of the best juvenile fillies in the United States, winning her first three races including the Matron Stakes before finishing second in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies.", "Proud Spell __knowledge__ She was even more successful in her second season, winning four races including the Fair Grounds Oaks, Kentucky Oaks, Delaware Oaks and Alabama Stakes.", "Proud Spell __knowledge__ She was retired from racing after a single unsuccessful appearance as a four-year-old.", "Proud Spell __knowledge__ Proud Spell is a bay mare standing just under 15.3 hands high with a narrow white blaze bred in Kentucky by her owner Brereton C. Jones.", "Ekiti State __knowledge__ Ekiti is a state in western Nigeria, declared a state on 1st October 1996 alongside five other states in the country, by the military under the dictatorship of General Sani Abacha.", "Ekiti State __knowledge__ As one of the newest states of the Nigerian federation, it was carved out of the territory of old Ondo State, and covers the former 12 local government areas that made up the Ekiti Zone of old Ondo State.", "Ekiti State __knowledge__ On creation, it had 16 Local Government Areas (LGAs), having had an additional four carved out of the old ones.", "Ekiti State __knowledge__ Ekiti State is one of the 36 states (inc. Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)) that constitute Nigeria and is reputed to have produced the highest number of professors in the country." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota has a continental climate, with hot summers and cold winters.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota's location in the Upper Midwest allows it to experience some of the widest variety of weather in the United States, with each of the four seasons having its own distinct characteristics.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ The areas near Lake Superior in the Minnesota Arrowhead region experience weather unique from the rest of the state.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ The moderating effect of Lake Superior keeps the surrounding area relatively cooler in the summer and relatively warmer in the winter, giving that region a smaller yearly temperature range.", "Climate of Minnesota __knowledge__ On the Köppen climate classification, much of the southern third of Minnesota—roughly from the Twin Cities region southward—falls in the hot summer humid continental climate zone (\"Dfa\"), and the northern two-thirds of Minnesota falls in the warm summer great continental climate zone (\"Dfb\").", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ Frederick J. Chiaventone, (born March 25, 1951) also known as Fred Chiaventone, is a novelist, screenwriter, military historian, consultant, commentator, and retired cavalry officer.", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ His novel \"A Road We Do Not Know: A Novel of Custer at the Little Bighorn\" won the 1999 Ambassador William E. Colby Award.", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ Chiaventone served in the U.S. Army from 1973 to 1993.", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ His rank was Lieutenant Colonel.", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ Chiaventone served as Chief of Special Operations for 6th US Army and, along with President George H.W.", "Fred Chiaventone __knowledge__ Bush, was interviewed about counterinsurgency operations by correspondent Gisela Duarte for the Salvadoran television program Frente-a-Frente.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ The climate of Argentina is a complex subject: the vast size of the country and considerable variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Argentina has four seasons: winter (June–August), spring (September–November), summer (December–February) and autumn (March–May), all featuring different weather conditions.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of the country except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Winters are normally mild in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts with the latter experiencing frequent frost and snow.", "Climate of Argentina __knowledge__ Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at comparable latitudes in the northern hemisphere.", "Winter of 2009–10 in Europe __knowledge__ The winter of 2009–2010 in Europe was unusually cold.", "Winter of 2009–10 in Europe __knowledge__ Globally, unusual weather patterns brought cold, moist air from the north.", "Winter of 2009–10 in Europe __knowledge__ Weather systems were undergoing cyclogenesis from North American storms moving across the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and saw many parts of Europe experiencing heavy snowfall and record-low temperatures.", "Winter of 2009–10 in Europe __knowledge__ This led to a number of deaths, widespread transport disruption, power failures and postponed sporting events.", "Winter of 2009–10 in Europe __knowledge__ The cold weather was caused by high pressure over Greenland and Iceland forcing weather patterns southward, a phenomenon described by meteorologists as the Arctic Oscillation and also the North Atlantic Oscillation which were negative compared to normal.", "Idaho __knowledge__ Idaho () is a state in the northwestern region of the United States.", "Idaho __knowledge__ It borders the state of Montana to the east and northeast, Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington and Oregon to the west.", "Idaho __knowledge__ To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canadian border with the province of British Columbia.", "Idaho __knowledge__ With a population of around 1.6 million and an area of , Idaho is the 14th largest, the 12th least populous and the 7th least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.", "Idaho __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Boise.", "Idaho __knowledge__ Idaho prior to European settlement was inhabited by Native American peoples, some of whom still live in the area.", "John C. Frémont __knowledge__ John Charles Frémont or Fremont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, politician, and soldier who, in 1856, became the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States.", "John C. Frémont __knowledge__ During the 1840s, when he led five expeditions into the American West, that era's penny press and admiring historians accorded Frémont the sobriquet \"The Pathfinder\".", "John C. Frémont __knowledge__ During the Mexican–American War, Frémont, a major in the U.S. Army, took control of California from the California Republic in 1846.", "John C. Frémont __knowledge__ Frémont was convicted in court martial for mutiny and insubordination over a conflict of who was the military Governor of California.", "Sun dog __knowledge__ A sun dog (or sundog) or mock sun, formally called a parhelion (plural parhelia) in meteorology, is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that consists of a bright spot to the left and/or right of the Sun.", "Sun dog __knowledge__ Two sun dogs often flank the Sun within a 22° halo.", "Sun dog __knowledge__ The sun dog is a member of the family of halos, caused by the refraction of sunlight by ice crystals in the atmosphere.", "Sun dog __knowledge__ Sun dogs typically appear as a pair of subtly colored patches of light, around 22° to the left and right of the Sun, and at the same altitude above the horizon as the Sun.", "Sun dog __knowledge__ They can be seen anywhere in the world during any season, but are not always obvious or bright.", "Vädersolstavlan __knowledge__ The original painting, which was produced shortly after the event and traditionally attributed to Urban målare (\"Urban [the] Painter\"), is lost, and virtually nothing is known about it.", "Vädersolstavlan __knowledge__ However, a copy from 1636 by Jacob Heinrich Elbfas held in Storkyrkan in Stockholm is believed to be an accurate copy and was until recently erroneously thought to be the restored original.", "Vädersolstavlan __knowledge__ It was previously covered by layers of brownish varnish, and the image was hardly discernible until carefully restored and thoroughly documented in 1998–1999.", "Vädersolstavlan __knowledge__ The painting was produced during an important time in Swedish history.", "Lowitz arc __knowledge__ A Lowitz arc is an optical phenomenon that occurs in the atmosphere; specifically, it is a rare type of ice crystal halo that forms a luminous arc which extends inwards from a sun dog (parhelion) and may continue above or below the sun.", "Lowitz arc __knowledge__ The phenomenon is named after (or Lovits) (1757 - 1804), a German-born Russian apothecary and experimental chemist.", "Lowitz arc __knowledge__ On the morning of June 18, 1790 in St. Petersburg, Russia, Lowitz witnessed a spectacular display of solar halos.", "Lowitz arc __knowledge__ Among his observations, he noted arcs descending from the sun dogs and extending below the sun: Original (in French): \"6.", "Lowitz arc __knowledge__ Ces deux derniers parhélies qui se trouvoient à quelque distance des intersections du grand cercle horizontal par les deux couronnes qui entourent le soleil, renvoyoient d'abord des deux cotés de parties d'arc très courtes colorées \"xi\" & \"yk\" dont la direction s'inclinoit au dessous du soleil jusqu'aux deux demi-arcs de cercle intérieurs \"die\" & \"dke\".", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Atmospheric optics deals with how the unique optical properties of Earth's atmosphere cause a wide range of spectacular optical phenomena.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ The blue color of the sky is a direct result of Rayleigh scattering, which redirects higher frequency (blue) sunlight back into the field of view of the observer.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Because blue light is scattered more easily than red light, the Sun takes on a reddish hue when it is observed through a thick atmosphere, as during a sunrise or sunset.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Additional particulate matter in the sky can scatter different colors at different angles, creating colorful, glowing skies at dusk and dawn.", "LiLi Roquelin __knowledge__ LiLi Roquelin (born in Toulon, France) is a French-born American \"adult contemporary music\", post-trip hop and alternative rock singer, composer and songwriter from Astoria, Queens, New York City.", "LiLi Roquelin __knowledge__ Roquelin is most notable for her songs which won Best Music Video at several film festivals and received TV and Film Placements: \"I Saw You\", \"Blues Alone\", \"Should you get mad\", \"Renew\", \"Keep This For You\", \"The Only One\", \"Thank You\", \"Like a Feather\".", "LiLi Roquelin __knowledge__ Roquelin grew up in the south of France, learning music from her multi-instrumentalist father when she was four years old.", "LiLi Roquelin __knowledge__ She played several gigs as a teenager, both solo and in various bands.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ The Long Winters is an American indie rock band based in Seattle, Washington.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ Singer-songwriter John Roderick was born in Seattle, Washington, and grew up in Anchorage, Alaska.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ He later returned to Seattle, formed the Bun Family Players and The Western State Hurricanes.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ Following the collapse of the latter, he acted as touring keyboardist for Harvey Danger.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ In 2001, Harvey Danger singer/songwriter Sean Nelson suggested that he and Roderick record an album—half of the songs penned by John, and the other half by Sean.", "The Long Winters __knowledge__ Death Cab for Cutie band member Chris Walla had recently opened up the Hall of Justice studio in Seattle and agreed to help them record." ] ]

[ 0, 7, 10 ]

[ "I am a proud citizen of North Dakota", "We are known for our sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs", "Well, we are located to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north." ]

[ "North Dakota", "North Dakota", "North Dakota" ]

[ "Baltimore Orioles\nI want to see the Baltimore Orioles play", "No I had no idea. Do they have a stadium for home games?", "No I have not heard of him have they won any awards or playoffs?", "Oh so they are a good team, now I really want to see them play. what else can you share about the team?", "That is cute! Any star players that are well known on the team?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ The 2017 Baltimore Orioles season was the 117th season in Baltimore Orioles franchise history, the 64th in Baltimore, and the 26th at Oriole Park at Camden Yards.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were attempting to match or improve on their 2016 record of 89–73, when they finished tied for 2nd place in the AL East and lost to the Toronto Blue Jays in the Wild Card Game, but failed with their 74th loss on September 12.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were eliminated from AL East contention with their September 18 loss to the Boston Red Sox, behind the division leading Red Sox.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were entirely eliminated from post season contentions on September 23, behind the Minnestoa Twins for the 2nd AL Wild Card spot.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Below are the players and rosters of the minor league affiliates of the Baltimore Orioles: Keegan Lee Akin (born April 1, 1995) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Baltimore Orioles organization.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Akin attended Bullock Creek High School in Midland, Michigan and played college baseball at Western Michigan University.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles in the second round of the 2016 Major League Baseball Draft.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Akin made his professional debut with the Aberdeen IronBirds and spent all of 2016 there, posting a 1.04 ERA in 26 innings.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ He spent 2017 with the Frederick Keys where he pitched to a 7-8 record and 4.14 ERA in 21 games started.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today.", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ Calvin Edwin Ripken Jr. (born August 24, 1960), nicknamed \"The Iron Man\", is an American former baseball shortstop and third baseman who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles (1981–2001).", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ One of his position's most offensively productive players, Ripken compiled 3,184 hits, 431 home runs, and 1,695 runs batted in during his career, and he won two Gold Glove Awards for his defense.", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ He was a 19-time All-Star and was twice named American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP).", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ Ripken holds the record for consecutive games played, 2,632, surpassing Lou Gehrig's streak of 2,130 that had stood for 56 years and that many deemed unbreakable.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles (nicknamed The O's and The Birds) are a Major League Baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are in the Eastern Division of the American League.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are owned by attorney Peter Angelos.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The modern Orioles franchise can trace its roots back to the original Milwaukee Brewers of the minor Western League, beginning in 1894 when the league reorganized.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Brewers were there when the WL renamed itself the American League in 1900.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ At the end of the 1900 season, the American League removed itself from baseball's National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues).", "Oriole Park at Camden Yards __knowledge__ Oriole Park at Camden Yards, often referred to simply as Camden Yards or Oriole Park, is a Major League Baseball (MLB) ballpark located in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Oriole Park at Camden Yards __knowledge__ Home to the Baltimore Orioles, it is the first of the \"retro\" major league ballparks constructed during the 1990s and early 2000s, and remains one of the most highly praised.", "Oriole Park at Camden Yards __knowledge__ It was completed in 1992 to replace Memorial Stadium.", "Oriole Park at Camden Yards __knowledge__ The park is situated in downtown Baltimore, a few blocks west of the Inner Harbor in the Camden Yards Sports Complex.", "Oriole Park at Camden Yards __knowledge__ The Orioles celebrated the ballpark's 20th anniversary during the 2012 season and launched the website CamdenYards20.com as part of the celebration." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Relocation of professional sports teams in the United Kingdom is a practice which involves a sports team moving from one metropolitan area to another, although occasionally moves between municipalities in the same conurbation are also included.", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For relocations in other part of the world see \"Relocation of professional sports teams\".", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In British sport, the relocation of teams away from their traditional districts is unusual because of the nature of the relationship between clubs and their fans: the local football club is regarded by most English football supporters as part of the local identity and social fabric rather than as a business that can be transplanted by its owners at will.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ Yankee Stadium was a stadium located in the Bronx, a borough of New York City.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was the home ballpark of the New York Yankees, one of the city's Major League Baseball (MLB) franchises, from 1923 to 1973 and then from 1976 to 2008.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium hosted 6,581 Yankees regular season home games during its 85-year history.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was also the former home of the New York Giants football team from 1956 through the first part of the 1973–74 football season.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium's nickname, \"The House That Ruth Built\", is derived from Babe Ruth, the baseball superstar whose prime years coincided with the stadium's opening and the beginning of the Yankees' winning history.", "Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium __knowledge__ Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium, commonly known as RFK Stadium and originally named District of Columbia Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Washington, D.C., located about two miles (3 km) due east of the U.S. Capitol building.", "Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium __knowledge__ RFK Stadium has been home to an NFL team, two Major League Baseball teams, five professional soccer teams, two college football teams, a bowl game and a USFL team.", "Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium __knowledge__ It has hosted five NFC Championship games, two MLB All-Star Games, men's and women's World Cup matches, nine men's and women's first-round soccer games in the 1996 Summer Olympics, three MLS Cup matches, two MLS All-Star games and numerous American friendlies and World Cup qualifying matches.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ Founded on January 30, 1960, they played their first regular-season game on September 11, 1960, as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) which merged with the NFL in 1970.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders' off-field fortunes have varied considerably over the years.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The team's first three years of operation (1960–1962) were marred by poor on-field performance, financial difficulties, and spotty attendance.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ Professional American football, especially its established top level, the National Football League (NFL), has had a long and complicated history in Los Angeles, which is the center of the second-largest media market in the United States.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ Los Angeles was the first city on the West Coast of the United States to host an NFL team of its own, when the former Cleveland Rams relocated to Los Angeles in 1946 and played at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (\"The Coliseum\") from 1946 until 1979.", "History of the National Football League in Los Angeles __knowledge__ The Rams, after moving to suburban Anaheim, California in 1980, were joined in the Los Angeles metropolitan area by the Los Angeles Raiders when that team moved into the Coliseum in 1982.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ The television rights to broadcast National Football League (NFL) games are the most lucrative and expensive rights of any American sport.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Television brought professional football into prominence in the modern era after World War II.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ Since then, National Football League broadcasts have become among the most-watched programs on American television, and the financial fortunes of entire networks have rested on owning NFL broadcasting rights.", "National Football League on television __knowledge__ This has raised questions about the impartiality of the networks' coverage of games and whether they can criticize the NFL without fear of losing the rights and their income.", "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is an American outdoor sports stadium located in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States.", "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum __knowledge__ The stadium serves as the home to the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans football team, and as the temporary home of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL).", "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum __knowledge__ The Coliseum was home to the Rams from 1946 to 1979, when they moved to Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California, and is serving as their home stadium again until the completion of Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California.", "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum __knowledge__ The facility has a permanent seating capacity of 93,607 for USC football and Rams games, making it the largest football stadium in the Pac-12 Conference and the NFL.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles (nicknamed The O's and The Birds) are a Major League Baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are in the Eastern Division of the American League.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are owned by attorney Peter Angelos.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The modern Orioles franchise can trace its roots back to the original Milwaukee Brewers of the minor Western League, beginning in 1894 when the league reorganized.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Brewers were there when the WL renamed itself the American League in 1900.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ At the end of the 1900 season, the American League removed itself from baseball's National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ One of the AL's eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Detroit in .", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ They are the oldest continuous one-name, one-city franchise in the AL.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers have won four World Series championships (, , , and ), 11 AL pennants (1907, 1908, 1909, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1968, 1984, 2006, 2012), and four AL Central division championships (2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014).", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers also won division titles in 1972, 1984 and 1987 while members of the AL East.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ This is a summary of the evolution of nicknames of the current Major League Baseball teams, and also of selected former major and minor league teams whose nicknames were influential, long-lasting, or both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The sources of the nicknames included club names, team colors, and city symbols.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The nicknames have sometimes been dubbed by the media, other times through conscious marketing by the team, or sometimes a little of both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ \"See also Team names and colors\" Athletic teams have long used colors and nicknames as a form of team identity.This echoes the use of colors and nicknames in other activities such as heraldry, the military, and the flags of nations.", "1969 Major League Baseball expansion __knowledge__ The 1969 Major League Baseball expansion resulted in the establishment of expansion franchises in Kansas City and Seattle in the American League and in Montreal and San Diego in the National League of Major League Baseball.", "1969 Major League Baseball expansion __knowledge__ The Kansas City Royals, Montreal Expos, San Diego Padres, and Seattle Pilots began play in the 1969 Major League Baseball season.", "1969 Major League Baseball expansion __knowledge__ One of the reasons for expansion was increasing pressure to maintain the sport as the US national pastime, particularly because of the increasing popularity of professional football.", "1969 Major League Baseball expansion __knowledge__ As a result of expansion, the American and National Leagues reorganized.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The history of baseball in the United States can be traced to the 19th century, when amateurs played a baseball-like game by their own informal rules using homemade equipment.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport inspired the semi-pro national baseball clubs in the 1860s.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of baseball in the U.S was a 1791 Pittsfield, Massachusetts, ordinance banning the playing of the game within of the town meeting house.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ In 1903, the British sportswriter Henry Chadwick published an article speculating that baseball derived from a British game called rounders, which Chadwick had played as a boy in England." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center, an arena shared with the NBA's Los Angeles Clippers, the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA, and have won 16 NBA championships, their last being in 2010.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ As of 2017, the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to \"Forbes\", having an estimated value of $3.0 billion.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Boston Celtics are an American professional basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 as one of the original eight NBA teams to survive the league's first decade, the team is owned by Boston Basketball Partners LLC.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics play their home games at the TD Garden, which they share with the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Boston Bruins.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The franchise is the most successful in NBA history, with 17 championships, which accounts for 23.9 percent of all NBA championships since the league's founding.", "Ted Kennedy (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Theodore Samuel \"Teeder\" Kennedy (December 12, 1925 – August 14, 2009) was a professional ice hockey centre who played his entire career with the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1943 to 1957 and was captain for eight seasons.", "Ted Kennedy (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Along with Turk Broda, he was the first player in NHL history to win five Stanley Cups, and he was the last Maple Leaf to win the Hart Trophy for most valuable player.", "Ted Kennedy (ice hockey) __knowledge__ He was an essential contributor to the Maple Leafs becoming what many consider as the National Hockey League's first dynasty.", "Ted Kennedy (ice hockey) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1966.", "Ted Kennedy (ice hockey) __knowledge__ He has been called the quintessential Maple Leaf and by some the greatest player in the team's history.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix, Arizona.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Suns compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division, and are the only team in their division not to be based in California.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ Since 1992, the Suns have played their home games at Talking Stick Resort Arena in downtown Phoenix.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Suns began play as an expansion team in 1968.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The franchise owns the NBA's fourth-best all-time winning percentage, winning 55 percent of its games, as of the end of the 2014–15 season.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ In 47 years of play, they have made the playoffs 29 times, posted 19 seasons of 50 or more wins, made nine trips to the Western Conference Finals, and advanced to the NBA Finals twice, in 1976 and 1993.", "BC Lions __knowledge__ The BC Lions are a professional Canadian football team competing in the West Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "BC Lions __knowledge__ Based in Vancouver, British Columbia, the Lions play their home games at BC Place.", "BC Lions __knowledge__ The Lions played their first season in 1954, and have played every season since.", "BC Lions __knowledge__ As such, they are the oldest professional sports franchise in the city of Vancouver and in the province of British Columbia.", "BC Lions __knowledge__ They have appeared in the league's Grey Cup championship game 10 times, winning six of those games, with their most recent championship occurring in 2011.", "BC Lions __knowledge__ The Lions were the first Western Canadian team to have won the Grey Cup at home, having done so in 1994 and 2011, before Saskatchewan won in 2013, while also becoming the only team to beat an American-based franchise in a championship game, a feat accomplished in 1994.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ The Merritt Centennials are a junior \"A\" ice hockey team based in Merritt, British Columbia.", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ They are members of the Interior Division of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL).", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ The franchise was established in Kamloops in 1961 and moved to White Rock in 1973 when the WCHL's Vancouver Nats moved to Kamloops and became the Chiefs.", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ The Centennials settled in Merritt midway through the 1973–74 season.", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ They play their home games at the Nicola Valley Memorial Arena.", "Merritt Centennials __knowledge__ The Centennials have once finished with the best record in the BCHL, and have qualified for the playoffs in twelve of the last thirteen seasons.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles (nicknamed The O's and The Birds) are a Major League Baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are in the Eastern Division of the American League.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are owned by attorney Peter Angelos.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The modern Orioles franchise can trace its roots back to the original Milwaukee Brewers of the minor Western League, beginning in 1894 when the league reorganized.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Brewers were there when the WL renamed itself the American League in 1900.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ At the end of the 1900 season, the American League removed itself from baseball's National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues).", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Peter G. Angelos (born July 4, 1929) is an American trial lawyer.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is also the majority owner of the Baltimore Orioles, a baseball team in the American League East Division.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is the son of John (a bar owner) and Frances Angelos, who immigrated to the United States from Menetes, Karpathos, Greece.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Peter Angelos married Georgia Kousouris in 1966, and they had two children together, John and Louis.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos' family settled in the working-class neighborhood of Highlandtown, and lived in a row house.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos' father owned a local tavern, and his father mostly spoke Greek at home.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ After graduating from Patterson Park High School, Angelos attended the University of Baltimore, where he earned a bachelor's degree.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ John P. Angelos is the Executive Vice President of the Baltimore Orioles, a position he has held since April 1999, leading the club's front office and overseeing day-to-day business operations.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ He also serves as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Mid-Atlantic Sports Network (MASN), overseeing the network's business operations.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is the elder son of Baltimore Orioles owner Peter Angelos.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is a graduate of Duke University and received his J.D.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ from the University of Baltimore School of Law.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ For more than fifteen years, Angelos has managed the day-to-day business operations of the Baltimore Orioles overseeing marketing and advertising, branding and promotion, major corporate sponsorship sales and ticket sales, governmental and public affairs, media and public relations, ballpark facility design and management, event operations, concessions rights negotiation and self-operation.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ The Montreal Expos joined the National League in 1969, along with the San Diego Padres, with a majority share held by Charles Bronfman, a major shareholder in Seagram.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Named after the Expo 67 World's Fair, the Expos' initial home was Jarry Park.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Managed by Gene Mauch, the team lost 110 games in their first season, coincidentally matching the Padres inaugural win-loss record, and continued to struggle during their first decade with sub-.500 seasons.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Starting in 1977, the team's home venue was Montreal's Olympic Stadium, built for the 1976 Summer Olympics.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Two years later, the team won a franchise-high 95 games, finishing second in the National League East.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ The 1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series consisted of two exhibition games played between the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Cuban national baseball team on March 28 and May 3, 1999.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ The first game took place in Havana, while the second was held in Baltimore.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ This series marked the first time that the Cuban national team had faced a squad composed solely of major league players and the first time an MLB team played in Cuba since 1959.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ Fidel Castro overthrew American ally Fulgencio Batista in the Cuban Revolution and established a Communist government in 1959, breaking off diplomatic relations with the United States.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Nestor Aparicio (Born October 14, 1968), known by the nickname \"Nasty Nestor,\" is an American sports writer and radio personality.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Aparicio was born and raised in Dundalk, Maryland.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ He is Venezuelan-American, and the first cousin, once removed of former Major League Baseball shortstop Luis Aparicio, as his father is a first cousin of Luis Aparicio.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ He began as a sports writer at The Evening Sun edition of \"The Baltimore Sun\" where he continued as a sportswriter and music critic from 1986 until 1992.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Starting in 1992 at WITH-AM 1230, Aparicio began doing daily sports talk radio both in Baltimore and later for three years at Sporting News Radio in national-syndication with 425 cities across the USA." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ \"My Sweet Lord\" is a song by English musician George Harrison.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ It was released in November 1970 on his triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Also issued as a single, Harrison's first as a solo artist, \"My Sweet Lord\" topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ In America and Britain, the song was the first number-one single by an ex-Beatle.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record; this version, which Harrison co-produced, appeared on Preston's \"Encouraging Words\" album in September 1970.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"My Sweet Lord\" in praise of the Hindu god Krishna, while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word \"hallelujah\" with chants of \"Hare Krishna\" and Vedic prayer.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson-produced 1964 album, \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" (\"see\" 1964 in music).", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ Within a year of its release on \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" was first released on Dylan's 1964 album \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\".", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ The song was also included on the Dylan compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ Bradley Kent Stevens (born October 22, 1976) is an American professional basketball head coach for the Boston Celtics of the NBA.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ He was previously the head coach at Butler University in Indianapolis.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ A former basketball player, he grew up in Zionsville, Indiana, where he starred on the Zionsville Community High School basketball team, setting four school records.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ After high school, he attended DePauw University, where he played basketball and earned a degree in economics.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ He made the all-conference team multiple times and was a three-time Academic All-America nominee.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ Stevens joined the Butler basketball program as a volunteer prior to the 2000–01 season after quitting his job at Eli Lilly and Company.", "MacIP __knowledge__ MacIP refers to a standard for encapsulating Internet Protocol (IP) packets within the AppleTalk DDP protocol.", "MacIP __knowledge__ This allows Macintosh computers with LocalTalk networking hardware to access the normally Ethernet-based connections for TCP/IP based network services.", "MacIP __knowledge__ This was an important bridging technology during the era when Ethernet and TCP/IP were rapidly growing in popularity in the early 1990s.", "MacIP __knowledge__ Software implementing MacIP, such as MacTCP or Open Transport, was installed on the computer and a MacIP Gateway was placed elsewhere on the network.", "MacIP __knowledge__ Applications that communicate with TCP/IP (such as Telnet) have their IP packets encapsulated in DDP for transmission across the LocalTalk network to the MacIP Gateway.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ The 2002 World Series was a best-of-seven playoff series to determine Major League Baseball (MLB)'s champion for the 2002 season.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ It was the 98th series played between the American League (AL) and National League (NL) champions.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ The AL champion Anaheim Angels played the NL champion San Francisco Giants for the title.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ The series was played from October 19–27, 2002 at Pacific Bell Park (now AT&T Park) in San Francisco and Edison International Field of Anaheim (now Angel Stadium) in Anaheim.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ The Angels defeated the Giants four games to three to win their first World Series championship.", "2002 World Series __knowledge__ This was the first World Series since the 1995 inception of the wild card in Major League Baseball (and the last until ) in which both wild card teams would vie for the title.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball franchise based in San Francisco, California.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams, and renamed three years later to the New York Giants, the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ As one of the longest-established and most successful professional baseball teams, the franchise has won the most games of any team in the history of American baseball.", "San Francisco Giants __knowledge__ The team was the first major league team based in New York City, most memorably playing at the legendary Polo Grounds.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "World Series __knowledge__ The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team.", "World Series __knowledge__ The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.", "World Series __knowledge__ As the series is played during the fall season in North America, it is sometimes referred to as the Fall Classic.", "World Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, the team with the best regular season win-loss record in each league automatically advanced to the World Series; since then each league has conducted a championship series (ALCS and NLCS) preceding the World Series to determine which teams will advance.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Wrigley Field, located on the city's North Side.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs are one of two major league teams in Chicago; the other, the Chicago White Sox, is a member of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs, first known as the White Stockings, was a founding member of the NL in 1876, becoming the Chicago Cubs in 1903.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "National Hockey League All-Star Game __knowledge__ The National Hockey League All-Star Game () is an exhibition ice hockey game that is traditionally held during the regular season of the National Hockey League (NHL), with many of the League's star players playing against each other.", "National Hockey League All-Star Game __knowledge__ The Game's proceeds benefit the pension fund of the players.", "National Hockey League All-Star Game __knowledge__ The NHL All-Star Game, held in late January or early February, marks the symbolic halfway point in the regular season, though not the mathematical halfway point which, for most seasons, is usually one or two weeks earlier.", "National Hockey League All-Star Game __knowledge__ Since 2007, it is held in late January.", "National Hockey League All-Star Game __knowledge__ On November 18, 2015, the NHL announced significant changes to the All-Star Game format, starting with the 2016 game: instead of one game pitted against two teams, there would be four All-Star teams based on the league's four divisions, competing in a single-elimination tournament.", "Fighting in ice hockey __knowledge__ Fighting in ice hockey is an established tradition of the sport in North America, with a long history that involves many levels of amateur and professional play and includes some notable individual fights.", "Fighting in ice hockey __knowledge__ Fighting is usually performed by enforcers, or \"goons\"—players whose role is to fight and intimidate—on a given team, and is governed by a complex system of unwritten rules that players, coaches, officials, and the media refer to as \"the code\".", "Fighting in ice hockey __knowledge__ Some fights are spontaneous, while others are premeditated by the participants.", "Fighting in ice hockey __knowledge__ While officials tolerate fighting during hockey games, they impose a variety of penalties on players who engage in fights.", "History of Red Star Belgrade __knowledge__ Red Star Belgrade is an athletic club in Belgrade, Serbia.", "History of Red Star Belgrade __knowledge__ Its history spans from its creation in 1945 at the end of World War II.", "History of Red Star Belgrade __knowledge__ In February 1945, during World War II, a group of young men, members of the Serbian United Antifascist Youth League, decided to form a Youth Physical Culture Society, that was to become Red Star Belgrade on 4 March.", "History of Red Star Belgrade __knowledge__ At the end of the Second World War, several pre-war Yugoslav clubs were dissolved because they had played matches during the war and were labelled collaborators by Marshal Josip Broz Tito's communist authorities.", "History of Red Star Belgrade __knowledge__ Two of these clubs from Belgrade were \"SK Jugoslavija\" and \"BSK Belgrade\".", "History of Mohun Bagan A.C. __knowledge__ The game of football was introduced in India by the Britishers in the mid-nineteenth century.", "History of Mohun Bagan A.C. __knowledge__ It spread because of the efforts of Nagendra Prasad Sarbadhikari.", "History of Mohun Bagan A.C. __knowledge__ In 1888 the Durand Cup was founded by then India's Foreign Secretary, Mortimer Durand at Simla, India.", "History of Mohun Bagan A.C. __knowledge__ In 1893 the IFA Shield was started as Calcutta, then capital of British India, soon became the hub of Indian football.", "History of Mohun Bagan A.C. __knowledge__ During late 1800s three aristrocatic families of North Kolkata Bose family (of Shyam Pukur), Mitra Family (of Faria Pukur) and the Sen Family (of Bagh Bazar) founded Mohun Bagan under the name \"Mohun Bagan Sporting Club\" on 15 August 1889.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute, stylized as , was a Japanese idol girl group part of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project collective produced by Tsunku, who also writes almost all the group's songs.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Cute consisted of Maimi Yajima, Saki Nakajima, Airi Suzuki, Chisato Okai, and Mai Hagiwara, who were all members of Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids prior to the group's formation.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ The original member line-up also consisted of fellow Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project Kids members Megumi Murakami and Erika Umeda, as well as Hello!", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ Project trainee Kanna Arihara, prior to their departure.", "Cute (Japanese idol group) __knowledge__ After releasing a string of independent hits, Cute made its major debut in 2007 with \"Sakura Chirari\" and that year won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The history of baseball in the United States can be traced to the 19th century, when amateurs played a baseball-like game by their own informal rules using homemade equipment.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport inspired the semi-pro national baseball clubs in the 1860s.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of baseball in the U.S was a 1791 Pittsfield, Massachusetts, ordinance banning the playing of the game within of the town meeting house.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ In 1903, the British sportswriter Henry Chadwick published an article speculating that baseball derived from a British game called rounders, which Chadwick had played as a boy in England.", "Salary cap __knowledge__ In professional sports, a salary cap (or wage cap) is an agreement or rule that places a limit on the amount of money that a team can spend on players' salaries.", "Salary cap __knowledge__ It exists as a per-player limit or a total limit for the team's roster, or both.", "Salary cap __knowledge__ Several sports leagues have implemented salary caps, using it to keep overall costs down, and also to maintain a competitive balance by restricting richer clubs from entrenching dominance by signing many more top players than their rivals.", "Salary cap __knowledge__ Salary caps can be a major issue in negotiations between league management and players' unions, and have been the focal point of several strikes by players and lockouts by owners and administrators.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The cuteness culture, or \"kawaii\" aesthetic, has become a prominent aspect of Japanese popular culture, entertainment, clothing, food, toys, personal appearance and mannerisms.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The word \"kawaii\" originally derives from the phrase \"kao hayushi\", which literally means \"(one's) face (is) aglow,\" commonly used to refer to flushing or blushing of the face.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The second morpheme is cognate with \"-bayu\" in \"mabayui\" (眩い, 目映い, or 目映ゆい) \"dazzling, glaring, blinding, too bright; dazzlingly beautiful\" (\"ma-\" is from 目 \"me\" \"eye\") and \"-hayu\" in \"omohayui\" (面映い or 面映ゆい) \"embarrassed/embarrassing, awkward, feeling self-conscious/making one feel self-conscious\" (\"omo-\" is from 面 \"omo\", an archaic word for \"face, looks, features; surface; image, semblance, vestige\").", "Cuteness __knowledge__ Cuteness is a subjective term describing a type of attractiveness commonly associated with youth and appearance, as well as a scientific concept and analytical model in ethology, first introduced by Konrad Lorenz.", "Cuteness __knowledge__ Lorenz proposed the concept of baby schema (\"Kindchenschema\"), a set of facial and body features, that make a creature appear \"cute\" and activate (\"release\") in others the motivation to care for it.", "Cuteness __knowledge__ Cuteness may be ascribed to people as well as things that are regarded as attractive or charming.", "Cuteness __knowledge__ Doug Jones, a visiting scholar in anthropology at Cornell University, said that the proportions of facial features change with age due to changes in hard tissue and soft tissue, and Jones said that these \"age-related changes\" cause juvenile animals to have the \"characteristic 'cute' appearance\" of proportionately smaller snouts, higher foreheads and larger eyes than their adult counterparts.", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Romantic comedy films (also known as the portmanteaus romedy or romcom) are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles.", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ One dictionary definition is \"a funny movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily\".", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Another definition states that its \"primary distinguishing feature is a love plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled\".", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Romantic comedy films are a certain genre of comedy films as well as of romance films, and may also have elements of screwball comedies.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the shōjo manga series Ouran High School Host Club, created by Bisco Hatori.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Ouran Academy is an elite upper school catering to the ultra-rich.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Haruhi Fujioka is a middle-class scholarship student, a rarity at the school.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ While searching for a quiet place to study, she stumbles upon an unused music room which turns out to be the club room for the school's Host Club — a group of idle rich boys, possessing exceptional good-looks, who entertain female clients.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ After accidentally knocking over a priceless Renaissance vase that's worth far more than Haruhi can possibly repay (¥8 million), she is forced to join the Host Club as an \"errand boy\" to work off her debt.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet." ] ]

[ 2, 38, 8, 7, 0 ]

[ "are you aware the orioles major league baseball team is a member of the american league east divison?", "i am not aware of their stadium but i do know they are owned by attorney peter angelos. ever heard of him?", "yes they won three world series apearences after making six of them from 1966 to 1983. sounds like an exciting time!", "they are nicknamed the \"O's\" and also the \"Birds\" i find that very cute.", "i know adam jones! also the reason they are nicknamed the birds is because baltimore orioles is actually a bird name." ]

[ "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles" ]

[ "Spider-Man", "When did Spider-Man first come out?", "That is quite a long time, is he considered a Marvel character or something else?", "Hm yeah the adolescence is an interesting twist. When's the upcoming movie going to be released?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, and first appeared in the anthology comic book \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comic Books.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character is conceived as an orphan within the Marvel Universe named Peter Parker being raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben in New York City after his parents Richard and Mary Parker were killed in a plane crash.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Lee and Ditko depicted the character as having to deal with the normal struggles of adolescence and financial issues with a large array of supporting characters such as J. Jonah Jameson, \"Daily Bugle\" editor and smear campaigner of Spider-Man and classmates such as Flash Thompson, Harry Osborn and romantic interests, Gwen Stacy and Mary Jane Watson.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ His origin story depicts him as being bitten by an radioactive spider and spider related power and abilities, such as the ability to cling to most surfaces, shoot spider-webs using wrist-mounted devices of his own invention, which he calls \"web-shooters\", and react to danger quickly with his \"spider-sense\", enabling him to combat his many variety of superpowered foes such as Doctor Octopus, Green Goblin and Venom." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, and first appeared in the anthology comic book \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comic Books.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character is conceived as an orphan within the Marvel Universe named Peter Parker being raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben in New York City after his parents Richard and Mary Parker were killed in a plane crash.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Lee and Ditko depicted the character as having to deal with the normal struggles of adolescence and financial issues with a large array of supporting characters such as J. Jonah Jameson, \"Daily Bugle\" editor and smear campaigner of Spider-Man and classmates such as Flash Thompson, Harry Osborn and romantic interests, Gwen Stacy and Mary Jane Watson.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ His origin story depicts him as being bitten by an radioactive spider and spider related power and abilities, such as the ability to cling to most surfaces, shoot spider-webs using wrist-mounted devices of his own invention, which he calls \"web-shooters\", and react to danger quickly with his \"spider-sense\", enabling him to combat his many variety of superpowered foes such as Doctor Octopus, Green Goblin and Venom.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Alternative versions of Spider-Man __knowledge__ \"Spider-Man\" is the name of multiple comic book characters from the Marvel Comics Multiverse.", "Alternative versions of Spider-Man __knowledge__ The original and most well known is Peter Parker created by Stanlee and Steve Dito originating from the Earth 616 universe.", "Alternative versions of Spider-Man __knowledge__ Within the mainstream Marvel Universe there have been other characters that have taken the mantle such as Ben Reilly and Doctor Octavius.", "Alternative versions of Spider-Man __knowledge__ Outside of the mainstream universe, there are different incarnations of Spider-Man in alternate universes such as the Ultimate universe version.", "Alternative versions of Spider-Man __knowledge__ Originally, these characters were depicted as separate from each other, but they have crossed over together in \"Spider-Verse\", where the many versions of Spider-Men are the major protagonists of the storyline.", "Green Goblin in other media __knowledge__ The Green Goblin is a fictional Marvel Comics character that has appeared in a range of media, usually as Spider-Man's archenemy.", "Green Goblin in other media __knowledge__ The Green Goblin appears in the 1960s animated television series, voiced by Len Carlson.", "Green Goblin in other media __knowledge__ The character is depicted as a dimwitted, spoiled robber who is obsessed with magic and the supernatural - fields of expertise that the original iteration is never interested in, preferring to use technology to commit crimes.", "Green Goblin in other media __knowledge__ A new weapon Green Goblin uses is gremlin dust, which briefly blinds people.", "Green Goblin in other media __knowledge__ He appears in the episodes \"The Witching Hour\", \"Magic Malice\" and \"To Catch a Spider\".", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "Morbius, the Living Vampire __knowledge__ Morbius, the Living Vampire, a scientist named Dr. Michael Morbius PhD, MD, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Morbius, the Living Vampire __knowledge__ Created by writer Roy Thomas and originally designed by penciler Gil Kane, the character first appeared as an antagonist in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #101 (Oct. 1971).", "Morbius, the Living Vampire __knowledge__ Morbius went on to become a heroic, tragically flawed protagonist in his own series and other titles.", "Morbius, the Living Vampire __knowledge__ Morbius is a man suffering from vampiric abilities and physical traits resulting from a biochemical experiment, as opposed to supernatural means.", "Morbius, the Living Vampire __knowledge__ The character has appeared in various animated shows and video games.", "Flash Thompson __knowledge__ Eugene \"Flash\" Thompson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Flash Thompson __knowledge__ He is a star high school football player who mercilessly bullies his high school classmate Peter Parker but greatly admires Spider-Man, an irony in which the superhero takes some gratification, though he and Peter become close friends in college.", "Flash Thompson __knowledge__ After graduation, he joins the United States Army and is haunted by his combat experiences, leading to alcoholism.", "Flash Thompson __knowledge__ After losing both of his legs in the Iraq War, he was bound to the Venom Symbiote as Agent Venom, a superhero and the first to control the organism.", "Steve Ditko __knowledge__ Stephen J. Ditko (; born November 2, 1927) is an American comics artist and writer best known as the artist and co-creator, with Stan Lee, of the Marvel Comics superheroes Spider-Man and Doctor Strange.", "Steve Ditko __knowledge__ Ditko studied under Batman artist Jerry Robinson at the Cartoonist and Illustrators School in New York City.", "Steve Ditko __knowledge__ He began his professional career in 1953, working in the studio of Joe Simon and Jack Kirby, beginning as an inker and coming under the influence of artist Mort Meskin.", "Steve Ditko __knowledge__ During this time, he then began his long association with Charlton Comics, where he did work in the genres of science fiction, horror, and mystery.", "Norman Osborn __knowledge__ Norman Osborn is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Norman Osborn __knowledge__ The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, and first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #14 (cover dated July 1964) as the original and most well-known incarnation of the Green Goblin.", "Norman Osborn __knowledge__ As the amoral industrialist head of Oscorp, Norman was exposed to an experimental formula which enhanced his physical abilities and intellect, but also drove him to insanity.", "Norman Osborn __knowledge__ Having endured as Spider-Man's archenemy, Osborn has been part of the superhero's defining stories including \"The Night Gwen Stacy Died\" and the \"Clone Saga\".", "The Amazing Spider-Man __knowledge__ The Amazing Spider-Man is an American comic book series published by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the fictional superhero Spider-Man.", "The Amazing Spider-Man __knowledge__ Being the mainstream continuity of the franchise, it began publication in 1963 as a monthly periodical and was published continuously, with a brief interruption in 1995, until its relaunch with a new numbering order in 1999.", "The Amazing Spider-Man __knowledge__ In 2003 the series reverted to the numbering order of the first volume.", "The Amazing Spider-Man __knowledge__ The title has occasionally been published biweekly, and was published three times a month from 2008 to 2010.", "The Amazing Spider-Man __knowledge__ A film named after the comic was released July 3, 2012.", "J. Jonah Jameson __knowledge__ John Jonah Jameson, Jr., better known as J. Jonah Jameson, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the superhero Spider-Man.", "J. Jonah Jameson __knowledge__ The character was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, and he first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #1 (March 1963).", "J. Jonah Jameson __knowledge__ Jameson is typically depicted as the publisher or editor-in-chief of the \"Daily Bugle\", a fictional New York newspaper.", "J. Jonah Jameson __knowledge__ Recognizable by his toothbrush moustache, flattop haircut, and ever-present cigar, he carries out a smear campaign against Spider-Man.", "J. Jonah Jameson __knowledge__ He employs photojournalist Peter Parker, who, unbeknownst to Jameson, is Spider-Man himself.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth theatrical \"Spider-Man\" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Marc Webb.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker.", "Stan Lee __knowledge__ Stan Lee (born Stanley Martin Lieber , December 28, 1922) is an American comic-book writer, editor, film executive producer, and publisher.", "Stan Lee __knowledge__ He was formerly editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics, and later its publisher and chairman before leaving the company to become its chairman emeritus, as well as a member of the editorial board.", "Stan Lee __knowledge__ In collaboration with several artists, including Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko, he co-created fictional characters including Spider-Man, the Hulk, Doctor Strange, the Fantastic Four, Daredevil, Black Panther, the X-Men, and, with the addition of co-writer Larry Lieber, the characters Ant-Man, Iron Man and Thor." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, and first appeared in the anthology comic book \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comic Books.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character is conceived as an orphan within the Marvel Universe named Peter Parker being raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben in New York City after his parents Richard and Mary Parker were killed in a plane crash.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Lee and Ditko depicted the character as having to deal with the normal struggles of adolescence and financial issues with a large array of supporting characters such as J. Jonah Jameson, \"Daily Bugle\" editor and smear campaigner of Spider-Man and classmates such as Flash Thompson, Harry Osborn and romantic interests, Gwen Stacy and Mary Jane Watson.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ His origin story depicts him as being bitten by an radioactive spider and spider related power and abilities, such as the ability to cling to most surfaces, shoot spider-webs using wrist-mounted devices of his own invention, which he calls \"web-shooters\", and react to danger quickly with his \"spider-sense\", enabling him to combat his many variety of superpowered foes such as Doctor Octopus, Green Goblin and Venom.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber is one of the Celtic gods of Avalon, a warrior god.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ The character, created by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz, first appeared in \"Thor #398\" (Dec. 1988).", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber joined his friend Leir and the other Celtic gods in aiding the Asgardians in their battle against the forces of the Egyptian god Seth.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ With Leir, Caber next attacked the camp of the Fomorians, the traditional enemies of Avalon.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Leir wished to claim Sif as his bride, so Caber followed him to Asgard on Leir's request.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber and Leir were captured by the Warriors Three.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber clashed with Heimdall in Asgard, and then later arrived on Earth with Leir and Sif.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ Spider-Man: Homecoming is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ It is the second Spider-Man film reboot and the sixteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ The film is directed by Jon Watts, from a screenplay by the writing teams of Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley, Watts and Christopher Ford, and Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ Tom Holland stars as Spider-Man, alongside Michael Keaton, Jon Favreau, Zendaya, Donald Glover, Tyne Daly, Marisa Tomei, and Robert Downey Jr.", "Daredevil (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American web television series \"Daredevil\", which is based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, follows the early days of Matt Murdock / Daredevil, a lawyer-by-day who fights crime at night, juxtaposed with the rise of crime lord Wilson Fisk.", "Daredevil (season 1) __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise.", "Daredevil (season 1) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios, DeKnight Prods.", "Daredevil (season 1) __knowledge__ and Goddard Textiles, with Steven S. DeKnight serving as showrunner, and series creator Drew Goddard acting as consultant.", "Marvel Entertainment __knowledge__ Marvel Entertainment, LLC (formerly Marvel Enterprises and Toy Biz, Inc., and marketed and stylized as MARVEL) is an American entertainment company founded in June 1998, as a result of the merging of Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc. and ToyBiz.", "Marvel Entertainment __knowledge__ The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, and is mainly known for its Marvel Comics, Marvel Animation, and Marvel Television units.", "Marvel Entertainment __knowledge__ Marvel Studios, formerly under the \"Marvel\" umbrella, became a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios, where it develops and produces a shared universe that shares continuity with shows produced by the television unit.", "List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series are American superhero television shows based on characters that appear in publications by Marvel Comics.", "List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series __knowledge__ The shows have been in production since 2013, and in that time Marvel Television and ABC Studios, along with its production division ABC Signature Studios, have premiered 10 series, with at least four more in various stages of development, across broadcast, streaming, and cable television on ABC, Netflix and Hulu, and Freeform, respectively.", "List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series __knowledge__ The ABC series have averaged around 4–8 million viewers a season, with many of the MCU series receiving strong critical responses.", "Silver Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ The Silver Age of Comic Books was a period of artistic advancement and commercial success in mainstream American comic books, predominantly those in the superhero genre.", "Silver Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ Following the Golden Age of Comic Books and an interregnum in the early to mid-1950s, the Silver Age is considered to cover the period from 1956 to circa 1970, and was succeeded by the Bronze and Modern Ages.", "Silver Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ The popularity and circulation of comic books about superheroes declined following World War II, and comic books about horror, crime and romance took larger shares of the market.", "Silver Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ However, controversy arose over alleged links between comic books and juvenile delinquency, focusing in particular on crime and horror titles.", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ Spider-Man is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Universe debuting in the anthology comic book series issue \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comics published by Marvel Comics.", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ After his debut he would get his own comic book entitled \"The Amazing Spider-Man\".", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ The comic book series would introduce many of what would become his major supervillain adversaries.", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ Spider-Man would then be popular enough for more Spider-Man comic spinoffs (\"The Spectacular Spider-Man\", \"Marvel Team-Up\", \"Web of Spider-Man\", \"\" etc.)", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ which introduced more recurring enemies of the web-slinger.", "List of Spider-Man enemies __knowledge__ As with Spider-Man, the villains' powers originate with scientific accidents or the misuse of scientific technology and also tend to have animal-themed costumes or powers (Vulture, Doctor Octopus, Beetle, Lizard, Rhino, Scorpion, Jackal and Black Cat).", "Comic book __knowledge__ A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes.", "Comic book __knowledge__ Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, usually dialog contained in word balloons emblematic of the comics art form.", "Comic book __knowledge__ Although some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s.", "Comic book __knowledge__ The first modern comic book, \"Famous Funnies\", was released in the United States in 1933 and was a reprinting of earlier newspaper humor comic strips, which had established many of the story-telling devices used in comics.", "Bronze Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ The Bronze Age of Comic Books is an informal name for a period in the history of American superhero comic books usually said to run from 1970 to 1985.", "Bronze Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ It follows the Silver Age of Comic Books, and is followed by the Modern Age of Comic Books.", "Bronze Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ The Bronze Age retained many of the conventions of the Silver Age, with traditional superhero titles remaining the mainstay of the industry.", "Bronze Age of Comic Books __knowledge__ However, a return of darker plot elements and storylines more related to relevant social issues (akin to those found in the Golden Age of Comic Books), such as racism, drug use, alcoholism, urban poverty, and environmental pollution, began to flourish during the period, prefiguring the later Modern Age of Comic Books.", "Amazing Fantasy __knowledge__ Amazing Adult Fantasy and its retitled final issue, Amazing Fantasy, is an American comic book anthology series published by Marvel Comics from 1961 through 1962, with the latter title revived with superhero features in 1995 and in the 2000s.", "Amazing Fantasy __knowledge__ The final 1960s issue, \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (cover-dated Aug. 1962), is the title that introduced the popular superhero character Spider-Man.", "Amazing Fantasy __knowledge__ \"Amazing Adult Fantasy\" premiered with issue #7, taking over the numbering from \"Amazing Adventures\".", "Amazing Fantasy __knowledge__ The science fiction-fantasy anthology \"Amazing Adult Fantasy\" began with issue #7 (cover-dated Dec. 1961), having taken over the number of the similar anthology \"Amazing Adventures\".", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, she first appeared in \"Action Comics\" #1 (June 1938).", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ Lois is an award-winning journalist for the Metropolis newspaper, the \"Daily Planet\", and the love interest of the superhero Superman.", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ In DC continuity, she is also his wife and the mother of their son Superboy Jonathan Samuel Kent.", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ Lois' physical appearance was originally based on Joanne Carter, a model hired by Joe Shuster.", "Lois Lane __knowledge__ For her character, Jerry Siegel was inspired by actress Glenda Farrell's portrayal of the fictional reporter Torchy Blane in a series of films." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, and first appeared in the anthology comic book \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comic Books.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ The character is conceived as an orphan within the Marvel Universe named Peter Parker being raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben in New York City after his parents Richard and Mary Parker were killed in a plane crash.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ Lee and Ditko depicted the character as having to deal with the normal struggles of adolescence and financial issues with a large array of supporting characters such as J. Jonah Jameson, \"Daily Bugle\" editor and smear campaigner of Spider-Man and classmates such as Flash Thompson, Harry Osborn and romantic interests, Gwen Stacy and Mary Jane Watson.", "Spider-Man __knowledge__ His origin story depicts him as being bitten by an radioactive spider and spider related power and abilities, such as the ability to cling to most surfaces, shoot spider-webs using wrist-mounted devices of his own invention, which he calls \"web-shooters\", and react to danger quickly with his \"spider-sense\", enabling him to combat his many variety of superpowered foes such as Doctor Octopus, Green Goblin and Venom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Palmyra Delran __knowledge__ Palmyra Delran is an American rock and roll musician, songwriter, guitarist and producer who was born in Princeton, New Jersey and later moved to Philadelphia.", "Palmyra Delran __knowledge__ She played in seminal rock bands The Friggs and Pink Slip Daddy, as well as several of her own solo releases and recordings.", "Palmyra Delran __knowledge__ In 2008, Delran released \"She Digs the Ride\", a six-track EP, featuring the song \"Baby Should Have Known Better\", which was selected by Little Steven’s Underground Garage as The Coolest Song in the World in 2008, and which gained Delran considerable attention for her efforts.", "Palmyra Delran __knowledge__ Little Steven Van Zandt was a reported fan of Delran's previous band, the Friggs, and attended their 2008 NYC reunion show.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Soulja Boy __knowledge__ DeAndre Cortez Way (born July 28, 1990), known professionally as Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, or simply Soulja Boy, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur.", "Soulja Boy __knowledge__ In September 2007, his debut single \"Crank That (Soulja Boy)\" peaked at number one on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Soulja Boy __knowledge__ The single was initially self-published to the internet, and later became a number-one hit in the United States for seven non-consecutive weeks starting in September 2007.", "Soulja Boy __knowledge__ On August 17, Way was listed at number 18 on the \"Forbes\" list of Hip-Hop Cash Kings of 2010 for earning $7 million for that year.", "Soulja Boy __knowledge__ Way has released three studio albums and one independent album: his debut studio album \"Souljaboytellem.com\" (2007) was his most successful album to date.", "Autism friendly __knowledge__ Autism friendly means being aware of social engagement and environmental factors affecting people on the autism spectrum, with modifications to communication methods and physical space to better suit individual's unique and special needs.", "Autism friendly __knowledge__ Individuals on the autism spectrum take in information from their five senses as do neurotypical people.", "Autism friendly __knowledge__ The difference is they are not able to process it in the same manner as their neurotypical peers and can become overwhelmed by the amount of information that they are receiving and withdraw as a coping mechanism.", "Autism friendly __knowledge__ Additionally, it may be that an autistic person is actually taking in more sensory information and is merely overwhelmed by the sheer amount of input.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "ECAC Northeast __knowledge__ The ECAC Northeast was an intercollegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division III as a hockey-only conference.", "ECAC Northeast __knowledge__ For many years it was one of the three men's hockey conferences that operated under the umbrella of the Eastern College Athletic Conference; the others were the ECAC East (now the New England Hockey Conference), and the ECAC West (soon to be the United Collegiate Hockey Conference).", "ECAC Northeast __knowledge__ Member institutions were located in the New England region of the United States, in the states of Massachusetts and Rhode Island.", "ECAC Northeast __knowledge__ Unlike the ECAC East and ECAC West, there was no women's division of the ECAC Northeast.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ The first Sabre was a former knife thrower named Paul Richarde until he was selected by Modred to oppose Black Knight.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ Paul Richarde was given an armor, an animated gargoyle.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ and Mordred's Ebony Dagger (the weapon with which Mordred had killed the first Black Knight).", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ He was defeated by Black Knight after his horse Aragorn kicked the dagger from Le Sabre's hand.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ The second Sabre is a mutant super villain.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ His first appearance was in \"X-Men\" #106.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ Young and reckless, Sabre was chosen by Mystique to join her new Brotherhood of Mutants, though never actually participated in any missions.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: S __knowledge__ He had the mutant ability of super speed, and took the name of the deceased Super Sabre.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ Baal was the leader of the Sandstormers, who found Apocalypse as a baby and raised him.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ The character, created by Terry Kavanagh and Adam Pollina first appeared in \"The Rise of Apocalypse\" #1 (October 1996).", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ Baal is the leader of the Sandstormers, raiders and scavengers in ancient Egypt who lived by the dogma of survival of the fittest.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ When Kang the Conqueror went back in time in his spaceship, the Sphinx, and crash landed, he was found by the Sandstormers.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ Inside, Baal and his people found a wounded Kang, and nursed him back to health.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: B __knowledge__ When Kang recovered, he ran away and became pharaoh of Egypt as Rama Tut.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Shazam (), is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ Shazam was formerly called as \"Captain Marvel.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ He was\" first appeared in \"Whiz Comics\" #2 (cover-dated Feb. 1940), published by Fawcett Comics.", "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) __knowledge__ He is the alter ego of Billy Batson, a boy who, by speaking the magic word \"SHAZAM\" (acronym of six \"immortal elders\": Solomon, Hercules, Atlas, Zeus, Achilles and Mercury), can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength, speed, flight and other abilities.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ American comic book publishing company DC Comics has introduced many characters throughout its history, including numerous minor characters.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ These characters range from supporting characters, heroes and villains that appear infrequently, to characters that only take part in a single story.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Airstryke is a supervillain in the DC Universe.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Within the context of the stories, William Kavanagh was given the ability to transform into a pterosaur/man hybrid by a weapons company named Meta/Tech and he took the name Airstryke.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Count Viper took advantage of these new abilities and used Airstryke to distract Hawkman while Viper tried to take command of the Justice League and thus the world." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "I'm super excited that the Spider-Man line is getting more big movie treatment again, and that new movies will come out about him. He's my favorite superhero. I think writer/editor Stan Lee and writer/artist Steve Ditko did an amazing job conceiving him.", "He started poking around in 1962, so he's been around a long, long time. Came around in the anthology comic book \"Amazing Fantasy\" #15, i nthe Silver Age of Comic Books. ", "Yeah, he exists with the Marvel Universe, with the alter ego of Peter Parker. Kind of that typical \"orphan\" story, like Batman and Superman, where his parents were killed early on in a plane crash and he had to be raised by aunt and uncle. But what I like about him is he has to deal with normal struggles of adolescence, and financial issues--real life stuff.", "It's got a slated release of July 5th, 2019. Not too long now. I'm excited for it. In that movie, we'll see some classic villains, like the return of the Vulture, and the entrance of Mysterio, although the most iconic villains in the Spider-Man universe would be considered Doctor Octopus, Green Goblin, and Venom." ]

[ "Spider-Man", "Spider-Man", "Spider-Man", "Spider-Man" ]

[ "London", "I've always wanted to visit London. Is there anything interesting that you can tell me about it?", "Wow, that's a really long time. Do you know when exactly it was founded?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "London __knowledge__ London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.", "London __knowledge__ Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia.", "London __knowledge__ It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\".", "London __knowledge__ London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries.", "London __knowledge__ Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, a region governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "London __knowledge__ London is a leading global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transportation.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.", "London __knowledge__ London is often regarded as a world cultural capital.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "London __knowledge__ London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.", "London __knowledge__ Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia.", "London __knowledge__ It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\".", "London __knowledge__ London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries.", "London __knowledge__ Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, a region governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "London __knowledge__ London is a leading global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transportation.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.", "London __knowledge__ London is often regarded as a world cultural capital.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city.", "London Tourist Board __knowledge__ The London Tourist Board was established in 1963 and became the official regional tourist board for London under the Development of Tourism Act in 1969.", "London Tourist Board __knowledge__ It was responsible for the marketing and promotion of the capital, providing tourist information services, and recommending improvements to the infrastructure and facilities for the growth of tourism.", "London Tourist Board __knowledge__ In 2003, it was renamed VisitLondon.", "London Tourist Board __knowledge__ In 2011, it was put into administration by the Greater London Authority, and the tourism responsibility was transferred to a new company, London & Partners.", "London Tourist Board __knowledge__ Tourism in London is now one of London's three most important industries (with finance and retailing).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Eduard Willy Kurt Herbert von Dirksen (2 April 1882 – 19 December 1955) was a German diplomat who is best remembered as the last German Ambassador to Britain before World War II.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Dirksen was born to a recently ennobled family.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ The Dirksen family had been Prussian civil servants for generations, and his father, Willibald, was ennobled by the Emperor Wilhelm I in 1887 and was granted a large estate together with Gröditzberg castle (modern Grodziec castle) in Silesia as a reward for his services to the House of Hohenzollern.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Willibald von Dirksen was a conservative nationalist who after retiring held a seat in the \"Reichstag\" for the anti-Semitic \"Reichspartei\", and was described as a \"fanatical admirer\" of Wilhelm II, whom he visited regularly when he was in his Dutch exile while his mother Viktoria came from a wealthy banking family.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 1980 and December 1989.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Julia Newman first appeared in February 1980 along with Victor Newman (Eric Braeden).", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Meg Bennett until 1981, with reprise appearances from 1982 to 1984, 1986 to 1987, and lastly from March 1 to September 3, 2002.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ History On June 13, 1970, Julia and businessman Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) were married.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Ten years later, she and Victor moved to Genoa City so that he could help run Chancellor Industries for Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper).", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Love Never Dies is a romantic musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber with lyrics by Glenn Slater and a book by Lloyd Webber, Ben Elton, Frederick Forsyth and Slater.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ It is a sequel to the long-running musical \"The Phantom of the Opera\" loosely adapted from the 1999 novel \"The Phantom of Manhattan\", by Forsyth.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ The plot is not based on the storyline in the original book by Gaston Leroux.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Lloyd Webber stated: \"I don't regard this as a sequel—it's a stand-alone piece.\"", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ He later clarified: \"Clearly, it is a sequel, but I really do not believe that you have to have seen \"Phantom of the Opera\" to understand \"Love Never Dies\".\"", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Ken Livingstone __knowledge__ Kenneth Robert Livingstone (born 17 June 1945) is an English politician who served as the Leader of the Greater London Council (GLC) from 1981 until the council was abolished in 1986, and as Mayor of London from the creation of the office in 2000 until 2008.", "Ken Livingstone __knowledge__ He also served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Brent East from 1987 to 2001.", "Ken Livingstone __knowledge__ A suspended member of the Labour Party, he was on the party's hard left, ideologically identifying as a democratic socialist.", "Ken Livingstone __knowledge__ Born in Lambeth, South London, to a working-class family, Livingstone joined Labour in 1968 and was elected to represent Norwood at the GLC in 1973, Hackney North and Stoke Newington in 1977, and Paddington in 1981, when he was elected leader of the GLC by Labour members.", "Jack London __knowledge__ John Griffith \"Jack\" London (born John Griffith Chaney; January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916) was an American novelist, journalist, and social activist.", "Jack London __knowledge__ A pioneer in the world of commercial magazine fiction, he was one of the first writers to become a worldwide celebrity and earn a large fortune from writing.", "Jack London __knowledge__ He was also an innovator in the genre that would later become known as science fiction.", "Jack London __knowledge__ Some of his most famous works include \"The Call of the Wild\" and \"White Fang\", both set in the Klondike Gold Rush, as well as the short stories \"To Build a Fire\", \"An Odyssey of the North\", and \"Love of Life\".", "I Don't Know How to Love Him __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" is a song from the 1970 rock opera \"Jesus Christ Superstar\" written by Andrew Lloyd Webber (music) and Tim Rice (lyrics), a torch ballad sung by the character of Mary Magdalene.", "I Don't Know How to Love Him __knowledge__ In the opera she is presented as bearing an unrequited love for the title character.", "I Don't Know How to Love Him __knowledge__ The song has been much recorded, with \"I Don't Know How to Love Him\" being one of the rare songs to have had two concurrent recordings reach the Top 40 of the Hot 100 chart in \"Billboard\" magazine, specifically those by Helen Reddy and Yvonne Elliman, since the 1950s when multi-version chartings were common." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "London __knowledge__ London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.", "London __knowledge__ Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia.", "London __knowledge__ It was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\".", "London __knowledge__ London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries.", "London __knowledge__ Since at least the 19th century, \"London\" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, a region governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.", "London __knowledge__ London is a leading global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transportation.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.", "London __knowledge__ London is often regarded as a world cultural capital.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic.", "London __knowledge__ It is the world's leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is a state in the south-eastern part of the Indian Peninsula.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu is previously a part of the United Madras Province, which was later partitioned based on languages.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamilnadu has more than 4,000 years of continuous cultural history.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu has some of the most remarkable temple architecture in the country, and a living tradition of music, dance, folk arts and fine arts.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ Tamil Nadu is well renowned for its temple towns and heritage sites, hill stations, waterfalls, national parks, local cuisine and the natural environment and wildlife.", "Tourism in Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The state has the largest tourism industry in India with an annual growth rate of 16%.", "Han Chinese __knowledge__ The Han Chinese, Han people or simply Han (; ; Han characters: 漢人 (Mandarin pinyin: \"Hànrén\"; literally \"Han people\") or 漢族 (pinyin: \"Hànzú\"; literally \"Han ethnicity\" or \"Han ethnic group\")) are an East Asian ethnic group and nation.", "Han Chinese __knowledge__ They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making about one fifth of the global population.", "Han Chinese __knowledge__ The estimated 1.3 billion Han Chinese are concentrated in Mainland China, where they make up about 92% of the total population.", "Han Chinese __knowledge__ The Han Chinese in Taiwan make up about 98.5% of the population and they form the overwhelming majority in Hong Kong and Macau as well as making up three quarters of the total population in Singapore.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ St Kilda () is an isolated archipelago situated west-northwest of North Uist, in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ It contains the westernmost islands of the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ The largest island is Hirta, whose sea cliffs are the highest in the United Kingdom; three other islands (Dùn, Soay and Boreray) were also used for grazing and seabird hunting.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ The islands are administratively a part of the Comhairle nan Eilean Siar local authority area.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ The origin of the name \"St Kilda\" is a matter of conjecture.", "St Kilda, Scotland __knowledge__ The islands' human heritage includes numerous unique architectural features from the historic and prehistoric periods, although the earliest written records of island life date from the Late Middle Ages.", "Steppe Route __knowledge__ The Steppe Route was an ancient overland route through the Eurasian Steppe that was an active precursor of the Silk Road.", "Steppe Route __knowledge__ Silk and horses were traded as key commodities; secondary trade included furs, weapons, musical instruments, precious stones (turquoise, lapis lazuli, agate, nephrite) and jewels.", "Steppe Route __knowledge__ This route reached all the way across the northern Eurasian Steppe, stretching some 10 degrees north and south of 40°N latitude and extending for approximately .", "Steppe Route __knowledge__ Trans-Eurasian trade through the Steppe Route precedes the conventional date for the origins of the Silk Road by at least two millennia.", "Steppe Route __knowledge__ The Steppe Route centers on the North Asian steppes and connects eastern Europe to north-eastern China.", "History of South America __knowledge__ The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, and traditions, passed down from generation to generation on the continent of South America.", "History of South America __knowledge__ South America has a history that has a wide range of human cultures and forms of civilization.", "History of South America __knowledge__ The Norte Chico civilization in Peru is the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the first six independent civilizations in the world; it was contemporaneous with the Egyptian pyramids.", "History of South America __knowledge__ It predated the Mesoamerican Olmec by nearly two millennia.", "History of South America __knowledge__ While millennia of independent development were interrupted by the Portuguese and Spanish colonization of the late 15th century and the demographic collapse that followed, the continent's \"mestizo\" and indigenous cultures remain quite distinct from those of their colonizers.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ Hockey stick graphs present the global or hemispherical mean temperature record of the past 500 to 2000 years as shown by quantitative climate reconstructions based on climate proxy records.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ These reconstructions have consistently shown a slow long term cooling trend changing into relatively rapid warming in the 20th century, with the instrumental temperature record by 2000 exceeding earlier temperatures.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ The term \"hockey stick graph\" was popularized by the climatologist Jerry Mahlman, to describe the pattern shown by the (MBH99) reconstruction, envisaging a graph that is relatively flat with a downward trend to 1900 as forming an ice hockey stick's \"shaft\" followed by a sharp, steady increase corresponding to the \"blade\" portion." ] ]

[ 0, 2, 3 ]

[ "It is been a while since I've been to London, but I love that city!", "Well London has been a major settlement for two millennia.", "Not exactly, but I know it was founded by the Romans, who named it \"Londinium\"." ]

[ "London", "London", "London" ]

[ "Pizza\nI really like pizza--I worked at a pizza place for 10 years! ", "No, I wish. It was called Dewey's Pizza. What's your favorite pizza place? ", "Both sound good. What kind of pizza do they serve? ", "Ah, yeah. I was wondering about the Five Nights at Freddy's place. That sounds fun. Is deep dish your favorite type of pizza?", "I did not know that! I wonder if pizza was popular in the US before then. I bet the troops were disappointed with our pizza when they got back! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place) is an American sitcom created by Kenny Schwartz and Danny Jacobson.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on ABC from March 10, 1998, to May 16, 2001.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Eighty-one episodes were aired over four seasons.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters, Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer).", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ In 2000, ABC bounced the sitcom from midweek to Friday night, leading to a steep drop in ratings.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ Chuck E. Cheese’s (formerly Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre and Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza) is a chain of American family entertainment centers and restaurants.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The chain is the primary brand of CEC Entertainment, Inc. and is headquartered in Irving, Texas.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The establishment serves pizza and other menu items, complemented by arcade games, amusement rides, and animatronic displays as a focus of entertainment for the entire family.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The brand derives its name from its main animatronic character Chuck E. Cheese, a comedic mouse who sings and interacts with guests.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The first location opened in San Jose, California, as Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre on May 17, 1977.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ ShowBiz Pizza Place was a restaurant pizza chain and family entertainment center founded in 1980 by Robert L. Brock and Creative Engineering.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ The brand emerged following a separation between Brock and Pizza Time Theatre, owners of the Chuck E. Cheese's franchise.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ ShowBiz Pizza restaurants entertained guests through a large selection of arcade games, coin-operated rides, and animatronic stage shows as a way to provide a complete package of food and entertainment.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ Both companies became competitors and found early success, partly due to the rise in popularity of arcade games during the late 1970s and early 1980s.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ The Rock-a-fire Explosion is an animatronic robot band that played in Showbiz Pizza Place from 1980 to 1992, and in various Showbiz Pizza locations between 1990 and 1992 as Showbiz rebranded and the band was steadily replaced by Chuck E. Cheese characters.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ The show was created and manufactured by inventor Aaron Fechter, creator of Whac-A-Mole, through his company Creative Engineering, Inc. in Orlando, Florida; in addition to overseeing the production of the animatronics, Fechter also provided the voices for several characters.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ Following the completion of rebranding, the show was sold to other restaurants and entertainment centers, such as Circus Pizza, Pistol Pete's Pizza, and Billy Bob's Wonderland.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ Chuck E. Cheese’s (formerly Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre and Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza) is a chain of American family entertainment centers and restaurants.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The chain is the primary brand of CEC Entertainment, Inc. and is headquartered in Irving, Texas.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The establishment serves pizza and other menu items, complemented by arcade games, amusement rides, and animatronic displays as a focus of entertainment for the entire family.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The brand derives its name from its main animatronic character Chuck E. Cheese, a comedic mouse who sings and interacts with guests.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The first location opened in San Jose, California, as Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre on May 17, 1977.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place) is an American sitcom created by Kenny Schwartz and Danny Jacobson.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on ABC from March 10, 1998, to May 16, 2001.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Eighty-one episodes were aired over four seasons.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters, Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer).", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ In 2000, ABC bounced the sitcom from midweek to Friday night, leading to a steep drop in ratings.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Pizza Factory Inc. is a chain of pizza restaurants in the western United States, based in Oakhurst, California.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ The company began in 1979, when Danny Wheeler and his wife Carol opened Danny's Red Devil Pizza in Oakhurst.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Ron Willey and his wife Joyce subsequently opened a second location in 1981, known as Pizza Factory.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 1986, Wheeler and Willey began franchising the company under the Pizza Factory name.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ By 2000, the company had expanded to China.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 2012, longtime franchisee and marketing team member Mary Jane Riva purchased the company and became its president and chief executive officer.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ As of 2016, Pizza Factory had 115 locations in six U.S. states.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ Thomas Edmund Dewey (March 24, 1902 – March 16, 1971) was an American lawyer, prosecutor, and politician.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He served as the 47th Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ In 1944, he was the Republican Party's nominee for President.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He lost the 1944 election to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the closest of Roosevelt's four presidential elections.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He was again the Republican presidential nominee in 1948, but lost to President Harry S. Truman in one of the greatest upsets in presidential election history.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ Dewey played a large role in winning the Republican presidential nomination for Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952, and helped Eisenhower win the presidential election that year.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Launch Party __knowledge__ \"Launch Party\" is the fifth and sixth episode of the fourth season of the American comedy television series \"The Office\", and the show's fifty-eighth and fifty-ninth episode overall.", "Launch Party __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jennifer Celotta and directed by Ken Whittingham.", "Launch Party __knowledge__ It first aired in the United States on October 11, 2007 on NBC.", "Launch Party __knowledge__ In this episode, Dunder Mifflin prepares for the launch of their new website.", "Launch Party __knowledge__ Dwight tries to outsell the website, Andy makes a move for Angela, and Michael kidnaps a pizza delivery boy (Kevin McHale).", "Launch Party __knowledge__ In the opening scene, Michael has arranged a meeting to discuss making the Quarterly Report more exciting, unaware that the office workers are all more interested in the DVD screensaver, and believes their disappointment whenever the bouncing box on the screensaver doesn't make it into a corner are reactions to his statements.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ ShowBiz Pizza Place was a restaurant pizza chain and family entertainment center founded in 1980 by Robert L. Brock and Creative Engineering.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ The brand emerged following a separation between Brock and Pizza Time Theatre, owners of the Chuck E. Cheese's franchise.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ ShowBiz Pizza restaurants entertained guests through a large selection of arcade games, coin-operated rides, and animatronic stage shows as a way to provide a complete package of food and entertainment.", "ShowBiz Pizza Place __knowledge__ Both companies became competitors and found early success, partly due to the rise in popularity of arcade games during the late 1970s and early 1980s.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ The Rock-a-fire Explosion is an animatronic robot band that played in Showbiz Pizza Place from 1980 to 1992, and in various Showbiz Pizza locations between 1990 and 1992 as Showbiz rebranded and the band was steadily replaced by Chuck E. Cheese characters.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ The show was created and manufactured by inventor Aaron Fechter, creator of Whac-A-Mole, through his company Creative Engineering, Inc. in Orlando, Florida; in addition to overseeing the production of the animatronics, Fechter also provided the voices for several characters.", "The Rock-afire Explosion __knowledge__ Following the completion of rebranding, the show was sold to other restaurants and entertainment centers, such as Circus Pizza, Pistol Pete's Pizza, and Billy Bob's Wonderland.", "Chuck E. Cheese (character) __knowledge__ Charles Entertainment \"Chuck E.\" Cheese is the anthropomorphic mouse mascot of the Chuck E. Cheese's chain of family entertainment centers.", "Chuck E. Cheese (character) __knowledge__ Cheese's official backstory is that he is an orphaned mouse who does not know his own birthday.", "Chuck E. Cheese (character) __knowledge__ To make up for never having had a birthday party of his own, he hosts parties for kids.", "Chuck E. Cheese (character) __knowledge__ After winning a Pong tournament, Cheese moves to New York and starts working as a singer at an Italian restaurant, where he also meets and befriends a musically inclined chef named Pasqually.", "Chuck E. Cheese (character) __knowledge__ Eventually, he moves to California and creates his own restaurant franchise, with Pasqually becoming his star chef and later joining his band.", "Nolan Bushnell __knowledge__ Nolan Kay Bushnell (born February 5, 1943) is an American electrical engineer and businessman.", "Nolan Bushnell __knowledge__ He established Atari, Inc. and the Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre chain.", "Nolan Bushnell __knowledge__ Bushnell has been inducted into the Video Game Hall of Fame and the Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame, received the BAFTA Fellowship and the Nations Restaurant News “Innovator of the Year” award, and was named one of \"Newsweek\"s \"50 Men Who Changed America.\"", "Nolan Bushnell __knowledge__ Bushnell has started more than twenty companies and is one of the founding fathers of the video game industry.", "Nolan Bushnell __knowledge__ He is currently on the board of Anti-Aging Games, but his latest venture is an educational software company called Brainrush that is using video game technology in educational software, incorporating real brain science, in a way that Bushnell believes will fundamentally change education.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ Cory Williams (born August 5, 1981), also known as \"Mr. Safety\" from SMP Films, is a YouTube personality who, up until early 2013, lived in Thousand Oaks, California.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ Williams resided in Eagle River, Alaska until July 2017.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ Williams currently resides in Oklahoma.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ \"The Mean Kitty Song\" is Williams' most popular video to date.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ Williams was diagnosed with ADHD as a child.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ However, he has said on one of his videos that he does not have hyperactivity anymore, and thus currently only has ADHD-PI.", "Cory Williams __knowledge__ Williams became engaged to Stephanie Roby (known as SMPlady on YouTube) in April 2007, and they were wed in September 2009, with a reception that was live streamed.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's (often abbreviated to FNaF) is a media franchise based around an indie video game series created, designed, developed, and published by Scott Cawthon for Microsoft Windows, iOS, and Android.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The series is centered on the story of a fictional restaurant named Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, a pastiche of restaurants like Chuck E. Cheese's and ShowBiz Pizza Place.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The first three games involve the player working as a nighttime security guard, in which they must utilize several tools, most notably checking security cameras, to survive against animatronic characters, which become mobile and homicidal after-hours." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ \"You Sound Good to Me\" is the song recorded by American country artist Lucy Hale.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was written by Ashley Gorley, Luke Laird, and Hillary Lindsey, and was produced by Mike Daly.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ It was released to digital retailers on January 7, 2014 by DMG Nashville as the first single from Hale's debut album \"Road Between\".", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was generally well received by critics, praising its unique country pop sound, particularly in contrast to the teen pop of contemporary actresses-turned-singers on the Hollywood Records label.", "You Sound Good to Me __knowledge__ \"You Sound Good to Me\" peaked at numbers 21 and 47 on both the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts respectively.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's (often abbreviated to FNaF) is a media franchise based around an indie video game series created, designed, developed, and published by Scott Cawthon for Microsoft Windows, iOS, and Android.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The series is centered on the story of a fictional restaurant named Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, a pastiche of restaurants like Chuck E. Cheese's and ShowBiz Pizza Place.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The first three games involve the player working as a nighttime security guard, in which they must utilize several tools, most notably checking security cameras, to survive against animatronic characters, which become mobile and homicidal after-hours.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's 2 is an indie point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ It is the second installment in the \"Five Nights at Freddy's\" series, and is chronologically set before the events of the first game.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ The game was released on Steam on November 10, 2014, earlier than its two planned dates of sometime in 2015 and December 25, 2014, respectively, with the latter due to issues with releasing the demo.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Mobile ports for Android and iOS were released on November 13, 2014, and November 20, 2014, respectively.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Similar to the previous game, \"Five Nights at Freddy's 2\" centers around the fictional Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, where the player acts as a security guard and must defend himself from the restaurant's animatronic mascots, who become homicidal at night and will kill anyone they see.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's is a point-and-click survival horror video game developed and published by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the series.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ The game centers around a fictional pizza restaurant called \"Freddy Fazbear's Pizza\", where the player must act as a night security guard, defending themselves from the malfunctioning, haunted animatronic characters by tracking their movement through the facility using security cameras.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ Cawthon conceived of the game following the negative reception to his previous game, \"Chipper & Sons Lumber Co.\" Developed in six months, \"Five Nights at Freddy's\" was developed using the Clickteam Fusion 2.5 game engine.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes is a 2015 horror mystery novel written by Scott Cawthon and Kira Breed-Wrisley.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ It is based on Cawthon's bestselling horror video-game series \"Five Nights at Freddy's\", and is considered by Cawthon to be separate-canon to the events that occurred in the game series.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ A sequel to \"The Silver Eyes\", entitled \"\", was released on June 27, 2017.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ In 1995, 17-year-old Charlotte (nicknamed Charlie), returns to her childhood home in Hurricane, Utah to attend the launch of a scholarship dedicated to her school friend Michael Brooks, who died ten years earlier.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ She reunites with her childhood friends Jessica, John, Carlton, Lamar, Marla, and Marla's little brother Jason, and they decide to revisit the place where Michael died: Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, a family restaurant Charlie's father once owned.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's 3 is an indie point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Five Nights at Freddy's series\", and is chronologically set thirty years after the events of the first game.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ The game was released on Steam on March 2, 2015, for Android devices on March 7, 2015, and for iOS devices on March 12, 2015.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ The game received mixed to positive reviews from critics, praising Springtrap and the reworked camera system but criticizing the phantom animatronics' jumpscares.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ A prequel, \"Five Nights at Freddy's 4\", was released on July 23, 2015.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place) is an American sitcom created by Kenny Schwartz and Danny Jacobson.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on ABC from March 10, 1998, to May 16, 2001.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Eighty-one episodes were aired over four seasons.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters, Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer).", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ In 2000, ABC bounced the sitcom from midweek to Friday night, leading to a steep drop in ratings.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location (often abbreviated to Sister Location) is a point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ It is the fifth installment of the main series of the game franchise \"Five Nights at Freddy's\".", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ The game was released on 7 October 2016.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ A mobile port for Android devices was released on 22 December 2016, and an iOS port was released on 3 January 2017.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ \"Sister Location\" distances itself from several key gameplay and storytelling mechanics used in previous games, instead featuring walking access to any area in the game, each with its own differing objective the player must carry out." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's (often abbreviated to FNaF) is a media franchise based around an indie video game series created, designed, developed, and published by Scott Cawthon for Microsoft Windows, iOS, and Android.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The series is centered on the story of a fictional restaurant named Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, a pastiche of restaurants like Chuck E. Cheese's and ShowBiz Pizza Place.", "Five Nights at Freddy's __knowledge__ The first three games involve the player working as a nighttime security guard, in which they must utilize several tools, most notably checking security cameras, to survive against animatronic characters, which become mobile and homicidal after-hours.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's is a point-and-click survival horror video game developed and published by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the series.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ The game centers around a fictional pizza restaurant called \"Freddy Fazbear's Pizza\", where the player must act as a night security guard, defending themselves from the malfunctioning, haunted animatronic characters by tracking their movement through the facility using security cameras.", "Five Nights at Freddy's (video game) __knowledge__ Cawthon conceived of the game following the negative reception to his previous game, \"Chipper & Sons Lumber Co.\" Developed in six months, \"Five Nights at Freddy's\" was developed using the Clickteam Fusion 2.5 game engine.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's 2 is an indie point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ It is the second installment in the \"Five Nights at Freddy's\" series, and is chronologically set before the events of the first game.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ The game was released on Steam on November 10, 2014, earlier than its two planned dates of sometime in 2015 and December 25, 2014, respectively, with the latter due to issues with releasing the demo.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Mobile ports for Android and iOS were released on November 13, 2014, and November 20, 2014, respectively.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 2 __knowledge__ Similar to the previous game, \"Five Nights at Freddy's 2\" centers around the fictional Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, where the player acts as a security guard and must defend himself from the restaurant's animatronic mascots, who become homicidal at night and will kill anyone they see.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 4 __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's 4,\" originally named Five Nights at Freddy's: The Final Chapter\" in development, is an indie point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 4 __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment of the \"Five Nights at Freddy's\" series.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 4 __knowledge__ Originally planned for release on October 31, 2015, the game was pushed forward to August 8, then again to July 23, when it was unexpectedly released on Steam.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 4 __knowledge__ It was released for Android devices on July 25, 2015, and for iOS devices on August 3, 2015.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 4 __knowledge__ It received generally mixed reviews from critics, who praised the scary environment, and either praised or harshly criticized the game's mechanics, which greatly depart from the previous games.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes is a 2015 horror mystery novel written by Scott Cawthon and Kira Breed-Wrisley.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ It is based on Cawthon's bestselling horror video-game series \"Five Nights at Freddy's\", and is considered by Cawthon to be separate-canon to the events that occurred in the game series.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ A sequel to \"The Silver Eyes\", entitled \"\", was released on June 27, 2017.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ In 1995, 17-year-old Charlotte (nicknamed Charlie), returns to her childhood home in Hurricane, Utah to attend the launch of a scholarship dedicated to her school friend Michael Brooks, who died ten years earlier.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Silver Eyes __knowledge__ She reunites with her childhood friends Jessica, John, Carlton, Lamar, Marla, and Marla's little brother Jason, and they decide to revisit the place where Michael died: Freddy Fazbear's Pizza, a family restaurant Charlie's father once owned.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's 3 is an indie point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Five Nights at Freddy's series\", and is chronologically set thirty years after the events of the first game.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ The game was released on Steam on March 2, 2015, for Android devices on March 7, 2015, and for iOS devices on March 12, 2015.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ The game received mixed to positive reviews from critics, praising Springtrap and the reworked camera system but criticizing the phantom animatronics' jumpscares.", "Five Nights at Freddy's 3 __knowledge__ A prequel, \"Five Nights at Freddy's 4\", was released on July 23, 2015.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location (often abbreviated to Sister Location) is a point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ It is the fifth installment of the main series of the game franchise \"Five Nights at Freddy's\".", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ The game was released on 7 October 2016.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ A mobile port for Android devices was released on 22 December 2016, and an iOS port was released on 3 January 2017.", "Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location __knowledge__ \"Sister Location\" distances itself from several key gameplay and storytelling mechanics used in previous games, instead featuring walking access to any area in the game, each with its own differing objective the player must carry out.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria & Grill (formerly Pizzeria Uno and Uno Chicago Grill), or more informally as Unos, is a franchised pizzeria restaurant chain under the parent company Uno Restaurant Holdings Corporation.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria and Grill is best known for its Chicago-style deep dish pizza.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ike Sewell opened the first Pizzeria Uno in 1943.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ The first Uno's was established in 1943 by former University of Texas football star Ike Sewell and his friend, former World War II G.I.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ric Riccardo, in the River North neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Sewell originally intended to open a Mexican restaurant because \"there wasn't a really decent Mexican restaurant in Chicago then.\"", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Erwin Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German general and military theorist.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Popularly known as the Desert Fox, he served as field marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ Rommel was a highly decorated officer in World War I and was awarded the \"Pour le Mérite\" for his actions on the Italian Front.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ In 1937 he published his classic book on military tactics, \"Infantry Attacks\", drawing on his experiences from World War I.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ In World War II, he distinguished himself as the commander of the 7th Panzer Division during the 1940 invasion of France.", "Erwin Rommel __knowledge__ His leadership of German and Italian forces in the North African Campaign established his reputation as one of the most able tank commanders of the war, and earned him the nickname \"der Wüstenfuchs\", \"the Desert Fox\".", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 66, 36 ]

[ "Oh nice, which pizza place? Was it Chuck E Cheese's?", "My favorite pizza place is Five Nights at Freddy's and Gusano's Pizza.", "They serve deep dish pizza along with Chicago style. Five Nights at Freddy's is centered around a fictional restaurant, so it's pretty cool.", "Yes, it is. I think it's really cool that in the 40's after WWII that Allied troops stationed in Italy really got to enjoy pizza. It's nice knowing even back then our troops were eating pizza!", "I have no doubt they were. Thankfully, we've come a long way! I was shocked to realize that Pepsi owns Pizza Hut. I sure wish it was Coca Cola that did! ha!" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Picnic", "Yes I live next to a park, it is a good idea as it can help to prevent fires.", "I guess the Native Americans tried to eat raw meat and thought \"we could do better\"!", "The Native Americans did put up a tough resistance, they were strong warriors and used their knowledge of the land to their advantage," ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Picnic __knowledge__ A picnic is a meal taken outdoors (\"al fresco\") as part of an excursion – ideally in scenic surroundings, such as a park, lakeside, or other place affording an interesting view, or else in conjunction with a public event such as preceding an open-air theatre performance, and usually in summer.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are usually meant for the late mornings or midday breakfasts, but could also be held as a luncheonette or a dinner event.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Descriptions of picnics show that the idea of a meal that was jointly contributed and was enjoyed out-of-doors was essential to a picnic from the early 19th century.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are often family-oriented but can also be an intimate occasion between two people or a large get together such as company picnics and church picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ It is also sometimes combined with a cookout, usually a form of barbecue; either grilling (griddling, gridironing, or charbroiling), braising (by combining a charbroil or gridiron grill with a broth-filled pot), baking, or a combination of all of the above.", "Picnic __knowledge__ On romantic and family picnics, a picnic basket and a blanket (to sit or recline on) are usually brought along.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Outdoor games or some other form of entertainment are common at large picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ In established public parks, a picnic area generally includes picnic tables and possibly other items related to eating outdoors, such as built-in grills, water faucets, garbage containers, and restrooms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Picnic __knowledge__ A picnic is a meal taken outdoors (\"al fresco\") as part of an excursion – ideally in scenic surroundings, such as a park, lakeside, or other place affording an interesting view, or else in conjunction with a public event such as preceding an open-air theatre performance, and usually in summer.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are usually meant for the late mornings or midday breakfasts, but could also be held as a luncheonette or a dinner event.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Descriptions of picnics show that the idea of a meal that was jointly contributed and was enjoyed out-of-doors was essential to a picnic from the early 19th century.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are often family-oriented but can also be an intimate occasion between two people or a large get together such as company picnics and church picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ It is also sometimes combined with a cookout, usually a form of barbecue; either grilling (griddling, gridironing, or charbroiling), braising (by combining a charbroil or gridiron grill with a broth-filled pot), baking, or a combination of all of the above.", "Picnic __knowledge__ On romantic and family picnics, a picnic basket and a blanket (to sit or recline on) are usually brought along.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Outdoor games or some other form of entertainment are common at large picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ In established public parks, a picnic area generally includes picnic tables and possibly other items related to eating outdoors, such as built-in grills, water faucets, garbage containers, and restrooms.", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ Fires in , the former name of Tokyo, during the Edo period (1600−1868) of Japan were so frequent that the city of Edo was characterized as the saying goes.", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ Even in the modern days, the old Edo was still remembered as the .", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ Edo was something of a rarity in the world, as vast urban areas of the city were repeatedly leveled by fire.", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ The great fires of Edo were compared to the Chinese gods of fire and , and also humorously described as \"autumn leaves\".", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ During the 267 years between 1601 (\"Keichō\" 6), the year after the , and 1867 (\"Keiō\" 3), the year of , Edo was struck by 49 great fires.", "Fires in Edo __knowledge__ In comparison, during the same period, great fires in Kyoto, Osaka and Kanazawa totaled only nine, six, and three, respectively, which made Edo's figure stand out from the other metropolises in Japan.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States.", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ The Garden State Parkway (GSP) is a limited-access toll parkway that stretches the length of New Jersey from the New York line at Montvale to Cape May at the state's southernmost tip.", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ Its name refers to New Jersey's nickname, the \"Garden State\".", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ Most New Jerseyans refer to it as simply \"the Parkway\".", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ The parkway's official, but unsigned, designation is Route 444.", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ At its north end, the parkway becomes the Garden State Parkway Connector, a component of the New York State Thruway system that connects to the Thruway mainline in Ramapo.", "Garden State Parkway __knowledge__ The Parkway is primarily for passenger vehicle use, with trucks weighing over 10,000 pounds prohibited north of Exit 105.", "Lincoln National Forest __knowledge__ Lincoln National Forest is a unit of the U.S. Forest Service located in southern New Mexico.", "Lincoln National Forest __knowledge__ Established by Presidential Proclamation in 1902 as the Lincoln Forest Preserve, the forest begins near the Texas border and contains lands in parts of Chaves, Eddy, Lincoln, and Otero, counties.", "Lincoln National Forest __knowledge__ The three Ranger Districts within the forest contain all or part of four mountain ranges, and include a variety of different environmental areas, from desert to heavily forested mountains and sub-alpine grasslands.", "Lincoln National Forest __knowledge__ Established to balance conservation, resource management, and recreation, the lands of the Lincoln National Forest include important local timber resources, protected wilderness areas, and popular recreation and winter sports areas.", "Rest area __knowledge__ A rest area, travel plaza, rest stop, or service area is a public facility, located next to a large thoroughfare such as a highway, expressway, or freeway at which drivers and passengers can rest, eat, or refuel without exiting onto secondary roads.", "Rest area __knowledge__ Other names include motorway service area, service station, rest and service area (RSA), resto, service plaza, and service centre.", "Rest area __knowledge__ Facilities may include park-like areas, fuel stations, restrooms, restaurants, and dump and fill stations for recreational vehicles.", "Rest area __knowledge__ A rest area or rest stop with limited or no public facility is a parking area or scenic area.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ \"Pellet grills\", sometimes referred to as pellet smokers, are backyard cookers that combine elements of charcoal smokers, gas grills, and kitchen ovens.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ Fueled by wood pellets, pellet grills infuse food with smoky flavor associated with charcoal grills and smokers, but offer the convenience of gas grills and the temperature control of an indoor oven.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ They have the ability to smoke as well as grill and bake using an electronic control panel to automatically feed fuel to the fire, regulate the grill’s airflow, and maintain consistent cooking temperatures.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ The best pellet grills also utilize sophisticated sensors and advanced algorithms for precision temperature control.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ Tilden Regional Park, also known as Tilden Park or Tilden , is a regional park in the East Bay, part of the San Francisco Bay Area in California.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ It is between the Berkeley Hills and San Pablo Ridge.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ Its main entrance is near Kensington, Berkeley, and Richmond.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ The park is contiguous with Wildcat Canyon Regional Park.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ The park is managed by the East Bay Regional Park District, created from the first land the District purchased in 1936.", "Tilden Regional Park __knowledge__ Tilden Regional Park was named in honor of Charles Lee Tilden, a Bay Area attorney and businessman who served on the first Board of Directors of the East Bay Regional Park District.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Picnic __knowledge__ A picnic is a meal taken outdoors (\"al fresco\") as part of an excursion – ideally in scenic surroundings, such as a park, lakeside, or other place affording an interesting view, or else in conjunction with a public event such as preceding an open-air theatre performance, and usually in summer.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are usually meant for the late mornings or midday breakfasts, but could also be held as a luncheonette or a dinner event.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Descriptions of picnics show that the idea of a meal that was jointly contributed and was enjoyed out-of-doors was essential to a picnic from the early 19th century.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are often family-oriented but can also be an intimate occasion between two people or a large get together such as company picnics and church picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ It is also sometimes combined with a cookout, usually a form of barbecue; either grilling (griddling, gridironing, or charbroiling), braising (by combining a charbroil or gridiron grill with a broth-filled pot), baking, or a combination of all of the above.", "Picnic __knowledge__ On romantic and family picnics, a picnic basket and a blanket (to sit or recline on) are usually brought along.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Outdoor games or some other form of entertainment are common at large picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ In established public parks, a picnic area generally includes picnic tables and possibly other items related to eating outdoors, such as built-in grills, water faucets, garbage containers, and restrooms.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Raw feeding is the practice of feeding domestic dogs, cats and other animals a diet consisting primarily of uncooked meat, edible bones, and organs.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The ingredients used to formulate raw diets can vary.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Some pet owners choose to make home-made raw diets to feed their animals but commercial raw food diets are also available.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The practice of feeding raw diets has raised some concerns due to the risk of food borne illnesses, zoonosis and nutritional imbalances.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ People who feed their dogs raw food do so for a multitude of reasons, including but not limited to: culture, beliefs surrounding health, nutrition and what is perceived to be more natural for their pets.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "Raw meat __knowledge__ Raw meat generally refers to any type of uncooked muscle tissue of an animal used for food.", "Raw meat __knowledge__ In the meat production industry, the term ‘meat’ refers specifically to mammalian flesh, while the words ‘poultry’ and ‘seafood’ are used to differentiate between the tissue of birds and aquatic creatures.", "Raw meat __knowledge__ The consumption of meat has grown significantly during the last few years, with one estimate of the global average in 2000 to be 38 kg/capita.", "Raw meat __knowledge__ The United States of America has the highest consumption rate of meat in the world, estimated to be around 82 kg/capita in 2000 alone.", "Raw meat __knowledge__ While the majority of meat is cooked before eating, some traditional dishes such as crudos, steak tartare, sushi, sashimi, raw oysters, or other delicacies call for uncooked meat.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ Raw foodism (or following a raw food diet) is the dietary practice of eating only, or mostly, uncooked, unprocessed foods.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ Depending on the philosophy, or type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selection of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish, meat, and dairy products.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ It may also include simply processed foods such as various types of sprouted seeds, cheese, and fermented foods such as yogurts, kefir, kombucha or sauerkraut, but generally not foods that have been pasteurized, homogenized, or produced with the use of synthetic pesticides, chemical fertilizers, industrial solvents or chemical food additives.", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ Steak tartare is a meat dish made from raw ground meat (beef or horsemeat).", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ It is often served with onions, capers and seasonings (the latter typically incorporating fresh ground pepper and Worcestershire sauce), sometimes with a raw egg yolk, and often on rye bread.", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ The name tartare is sometimes generalized to other raw meat or fish dishes.", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ Although less common than the completely raw variety, there is a version served in France of steak tartare called \"tartare aller-retour\".", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ It is a mound of mostly raw steak tartare that is lightly seared on one side of the patty.", "Steak tartare __knowledge__ The name is a shortening of the original \"\"à la tartare\"\" or \"served with tartar sauce\", a dish popular in the 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ The Scrameustache is a fictional character in a science-fiction Franco-Belgian comics series of the same name.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ He was created by the Belgian artist Gos.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ Gos has written and drawn all the Scrameustache's adventures since 1972.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ Since the mid-1980s he has been assisted by his son Walt.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ Another son, Benoit has contributed as colourist.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ It is a popular, ongoing series.", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ The adventures of the Scrameustache first started in issue 1806 of \"Spirou\" magazine in November 1972 under the title \"Khéna et le Scrameustache\" (\"Khena and the Scrameustache\").", "Scrameustache __knowledge__ The story tells of how Khena, a young Peruvian boy living in Europe, meets a cat-like alien who has come to Earth in his own flying saucer.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ European diseases and epidemics pervade many aspects of Native American life, both throughout history and in the present day.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ Diseases and epidemics can be chronicled from centuries ago when European settlers brought forth diseases that devastated entire tribes.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ This has even led to affect modern day Native Americans who continue to face serious struggles with particular diseases.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The current crises in diseases and epidemics are addressed by many different groups, both governmental and independent, and is done through a multitude of programs.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The arrival of Europeans also brought on the Columbian Exchange.", "Barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue or barbeque (informally BBQ or barby) is both a cooking method and an apparatus/machine.", "Barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecuing is done slowly over low, indirect heat and the food is flavored by the smoking process, while grilling, a related process, is generally done quickly over moderate-to-high direct heat that produces little smoke.", "Barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue can refer to the cooking method itself, the meat cooked this way, the cooking apparatus/machine used (the \"barbecue grill\" or simply \"barbecue\"), or to a type of social event featuring this type of cooking.", "Barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecuing is usually done outdoors by smoking the meat over wood or charcoal.", "Atlantic slave trade __knowledge__ The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly from Africa to the Americas, and then their sale there.", "Atlantic slave trade __knowledge__ The slave trade used mainly the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.", "Atlantic slave trade __knowledge__ The vast majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were Africans from central and western Africa, who had been sold by other West Africans to Western European slave traders (with a small number being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids), who brought them to the Americas.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century) is an informal and loosely defined term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and was the beginning of globalization.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism as national policies.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already inhabited.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of invaders from previously unknown continents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Picnic __knowledge__ A picnic is a meal taken outdoors (\"al fresco\") as part of an excursion – ideally in scenic surroundings, such as a park, lakeside, or other place affording an interesting view, or else in conjunction with a public event such as preceding an open-air theatre performance, and usually in summer.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are usually meant for the late mornings or midday breakfasts, but could also be held as a luncheonette or a dinner event.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Descriptions of picnics show that the idea of a meal that was jointly contributed and was enjoyed out-of-doors was essential to a picnic from the early 19th century.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Picnics are often family-oriented but can also be an intimate occasion between two people or a large get together such as company picnics and church picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ It is also sometimes combined with a cookout, usually a form of barbecue; either grilling (griddling, gridironing, or charbroiling), braising (by combining a charbroil or gridiron grill with a broth-filled pot), baking, or a combination of all of the above.", "Picnic __knowledge__ On romantic and family picnics, a picnic basket and a blanket (to sit or recline on) are usually brought along.", "Picnic __knowledge__ Outdoor games or some other form of entertainment are common at large picnics.", "Picnic __knowledge__ In established public parks, a picnic area generally includes picnic tables and possibly other items related to eating outdoors, such as built-in grills, water faucets, garbage containers, and restrooms.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "Pontiac's War __knowledge__ Pontiac's War (also known as Pontiac's Conspiracy or Pontiac's Rebellion) was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes, primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies in the Great Lakes region after the British victory in the French and Indian War (1754–1763).", "Pontiac's War __knowledge__ Warriors from numerous tribes joined the uprising in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region.", "Pontiac's War __knowledge__ The war is named after the Odawa leader Pontiac, the most prominent of many native leaders in the conflict.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The American Indian Wars, or Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later American governments or their settlers, against the native peoples of North America.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ These conflicts occurred within the current boundaries of the United States and sometimes Canada from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 16th century until the 1920s.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The Indian Wars resulted from competition for resources and land ownership as Europeans and later Americans encroached onto territory which had been traditionally inhabited by Native Americans.", "Slavery among Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery among Native Americans in the United States includes slavery \"by\" Native Americans as well as slavery \"of\" Native Americans roughly within the present-day United States.", "Slavery among Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Tribal territories and the slave trade ranged over present-day borders.", "Slavery among Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Some Native American tribes held war captives as slaves prior to and during European colonization, some Native Americans were captured and sold by others into slavery to Europeans, and a small number of tribes, in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, adopted the practice of holding slaves as chattel property and held increasing numbers of African-American slaves.", "History of Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Native Americans in the United States began in ancient times tens of thousands of years ago with the settlement of the Americas by the Paleo-Indians.", "History of Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Anthropologists and archeologists have identified and studied a wide variety of cultures that existed during this era.", "History of Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Their subsequent contact with Europeans had a profound impact on their history According to the most generally accepted theory of the settlement of the Americas, migrations of humans from Eurasia to the Americas took place via Beringia, a land bridge which connected the two continents across what is now the Bering Strait.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ The War of 1812 (18121815) was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Since the outbreak of war with Napoleonic France, Britain had enforced a naval blockade to choke off neutral trade to France, which the United States contested as illegal under international law.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ To man the blockade, Britain impressed American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Incidents such as the \"Chesapeake–Leopard\" Affair inflamed anti-British sentiment.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ European diseases and epidemics pervade many aspects of Native American life, both throughout history and in the present day.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ Diseases and epidemics can be chronicled from centuries ago when European settlers brought forth diseases that devastated entire tribes.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ This has even led to affect modern day Native Americans who continue to face serious struggles with particular diseases.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The current crises in diseases and epidemics are addressed by many different groups, both governmental and independent, and is done through a multitude of programs.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The arrival of Europeans also brought on the Columbian Exchange.", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants.", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture.", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas.", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering.", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas __knowledge__ In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires.", "Racism in the United States __knowledge__ Racism in the United States has been widespread since the colonial era.", "Racism in the United States __knowledge__ Legally or socially sanctioned privileges and rights were given to white Americans but denied to Native Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Hispanic and Latino Americans.", "Racism in the United States __knowledge__ European Americans (particularly the affluent white Anglo-Saxon Protestants) were granted exclusive privileges in matters of education, immigration, voting rights, citizenship, land acquisition, and criminal procedure over periods of time extending from the 17th century to the 1960s.", "Racism in the United States __knowledge__ However, non-Protestant immigrants from Europe; particularly Irish people, Poles, and Italians, suffered xenophobic exclusion and other forms of ethnicity-based discrimination in American society, were vilified as racially inferior and were not considered fully white.", "Native American cultures in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans in the United States fall into a number of distinct ethno-linguistic and territorial phyla, whose only uniting characteristic is that they were in a stage of either Mesolithic (hunter-gatherer) or Neolithic (subsistence farming) culture at the time of European contact.", "Native American cultures in the United States __knowledge__ They can be classified as belonging to a number of large cultural areas: The major ethno-linguistic phyla are: besides a number of language isolates and/or proposed language families such as Penutian languages, Hokan, Gulf languages and others.", "Native American cultures in the United States __knowledge__ Early European American scholar described the Native Americans (as well as any other tribal society) as having a society dominated by clans or gentes (in the Roman model) before tribes were formed." ] ]

[ 8, 43, 64, 14 ]

[ "Wow! Picnic areas usually have built-in grills, I didn't know that!", "I guess grilling is nothing new, as it has existed in the Americas since before the Europeans got here.", "Too bad the Europeans thought Native Americans were \"backwards\" and instead spread (even if unknowingly) their diseases and their gunfire. ", "Right, but their resistance did not hold up against slavery, disease, and warfare." ]

[ "Picnic", "Picnic", "Picnic", "Picnic" ]

[ "Cooking\nI love to cook for my family its a hobby for me", "I love to make good healthy home cooked meals baked chicken or chicken stew", "Yes that is right and cooking is a talent and an art I believe", "Well I guess as long as people have been eating someone had to cook right?", "I also like to grill for my family" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ William P. Hobby Airport is an international airport in Houston, Texas, from downtown Houston.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ Hobby is Houston's oldest commercial airport and was its primary commercial airport until Houston Intercontinental Airport, now George Bush Intercontinental Airport, opened in 1969.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ After the opening of Intercontinental, Hobby was closed for several years before it became apparent it needed to be reopened.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ It became a secondary airport for domestic airline service as well as a regional center for corporate and private aviation.", "William P. Hobby Airport __knowledge__ Houston Hobby is a major focus city airport for Southwest Airlines which operates international as well as domestic flights from HOU.", "Wilbur Hobby __knowledge__ Wilbur Hobby (November 8, 1925 – May 9, 1992) rose from very modest means in Durham, North Carolina to become a prominent leader in North Carolina’s labor movement.", "Wilbur Hobby __knowledge__ He was the President of the North Carolina chapter of the American Federation of Labor – Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) from 1969-1981.", "Wilbur Hobby __knowledge__ Hobby also was active in North Carolina politics, running unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1972.", "Wilbur Hobby __knowledge__ Hobby strove to provide security and stability to the working lives of ordinary people, something he never had as a child.", "Wilbur Hobby __knowledge__ He used politics as a means to this end, but he entered the field at a time when segregationist forces were still very strong in the South.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The term hobby horse is used, principally by folklorists, to refer to the costumed characters that feature in some traditional seasonal customs, processions and similar observances around the world.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ They are particularly associated with May Day celebrations, Mummers plays and the Morris dance in England.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ Hobby horses may be constructed in several different ways.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The types most frequently found in the United Kingdom have been categorised as follows: Not all hobby horses fit into these categories, even within the UK.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The famous May Day horses at Padstow and Minehead are large constructions, suspended at shoulder level, with only the performer's head emerging; they wear tall, pointed hats and their faces are masked.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Alastair Nathan Cook, (born 25 December 1984) is an English cricketer.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ A former captain of the England Test and One Day International (ODI) teams, he holds a number of English and international records.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen ever to play for England, and is one of the most prolific batsmen of the modern era.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook is England’s most-capped player and has captained the team in an English record 59 Tests and 69 ODIs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is the leading run-scorer in Test matches for England, and the youngest player to complete 12,000 Test runs (the 6th overall and the only Englishman).", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook has scored a record 32 Test centuries for England and is the first England player to take part in 50 Test victories.", "William P. Hobby Jr. __knowledge__ William Pettus Hobby Jr. (born January 19, 1932) is an American Democratic politician who served a record eighteen years as the 37th Lieutenant Governor of Texas.", "William P. Hobby Jr. __knowledge__ He held that office from January 16, 1973 to January 15, 1991 for five unprecedented terms, he was the last lieutenant governor to serve a two-year term and the first elected to a four-year term when the Texas Constitution was amended to lengthen terms for statewide elected officeholders to four years beginning with the 1974 elections.", "William P. Hobby Jr. __knowledge__ The principal duty of the Texas lieutenant governor is to preside over the Texas State Senate.", "William P. Hobby Jr. __knowledge__ Born in Houston, he was the only son of William P. Hobby Sr., and Oveta Culp Hobby.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ The Hobby Horse was a quarterly Victorian periodical in England published by the Century Guild of Artists.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ The magazine ran from 1884–1894 and spanned a total of seven volumes and 28 issues.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ It featured various articles not only on arts and design but other subjects including literature and social issues as well.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ It also featured artwork such as sketches, plates, photographs, engravings, wood cuts, lithographs and reproduced paintings.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ \"The Hobby Horse\" started publication in 1884 as the first high quality magazine committed solely to the visual arts.", "The Hobby Horse __knowledge__ The Century Guild Hobby Horse \"was one of the last (and in many ways the ultimate) versions of the literature and art journal, a genre born with the Pre-Raphaelite Germ in 1850." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ South Indian cuisine includes the cuisines of the five southern states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana and the union territories of Lakshadweep, Pondicherry, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The similarities among the five states' cuisines include the presence of rice as a staple food, the use of lentils and spices, dried red chilies and fresh green chilies, coconut, and native fruits and vegetables including tamarind, plantain, snake gourd, garlic, and ginger.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The four cuisines have much in common and differ primarily in the spiciness of the food.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Kerala, Tamil Nadu, south and coastal Karnataka and most parts of Andhra Pradesh use more rice.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ A kitchen stove, often called simply a stove or a cooker, is a kitchen appliance designed for the purpose of cooking food.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ Kitchen stoves rely on the application of direct heat for the cooking process and may also contain an oven, used for baking.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ \"Cookstoves\" (also called \"cooking stoves\" or \"wood stoves\") are heated by burning wood or charcoal; \"gas stoves\" are heated by gas; and \"electric stoves\" by electricity.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ A stove with multiple cooking surfaces is also called a range.", "Kitchen stove __knowledge__ In the industrialized world, as stoves replaced open fires and braziers as a source of more efficient and reliable heating, models were developed that could also be used for cooking, and these came to be known as \"kitchen stoves\".", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ A kitchen is a room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation in a dwelling or in a commercial establishment.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ In the West, a modern residential kitchen is typically equipped with a stove, a sink with hot and cold running water, a refrigerator, counters and kitchen cabinets arranged according to a modular design.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ Many households have a microwave oven, a dishwasher and other electric appliances.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ The main function of a kitchen is serving as a location for storing, cooking and preparing food (and doing related tasks such as dishwashing), but it may also be used for dining, entertaining and laundry.", "Cook stove __knowledge__ A biomass cook stove is heated by burning wood, charcoal, animal dung or crop residue.", "Cook stove __knowledge__ Cook stoves are commonly used for cooking and heating food in rural households.", "Cook stove __knowledge__ Nearly half of the world's population, approximately 3 billion people, use solid fuels such as coal, wood, animal dung, and crop residues for their domestic energy needs.", "Cook stove __knowledge__ Among those who use indoor cooking stoves, the poorest families living in rural areas most frequently use solid fuels, where it continues to be relied on by up to 90% of households.", "Cook stove __knowledge__ Often used in open fires or poorly ventilated stoves, solid fuel burning is a significant source of indoor air pollution.", "Wok __knowledge__ A wok (from Cantonese ) is a versatile round-bottomed cooking vessel, originating from China.", "Wok __knowledge__ The use of the wok is very prevalent in South China (particularly Guangdong Province).", "Wok __knowledge__ It is one of the most common cooking utensils in China and also found in parts of East, South and Southeast Asia, as well as becoming a popular niche cookware in all the world.", "Wok __knowledge__ Woks are used in a range of different Chinese cooking techniques, including stir frying, steaming, pan frying, deep frying, poaching, boiling, braising, searing, stewing, making soup, smoking and roasting nuts.", "Wok __knowledge__ Wok cooking is done with long-handled utensils called \"chahn\" (spatula) or \"hoak\" (ladle).", "Electric stove __knowledge__ An electric stove or electric range is a stove with an integrated electrical heating device to cook and bake.", "Electric stove __knowledge__ Electric stoves became popular as replacements for solid-fuel (wood or coal) stoves which required more labor to operate and maintain.", "Electric stove __knowledge__ Some modern stoves come in a unit with built-in extractor hoods.", "Electric stove __knowledge__ Electric stove \"burners\" may be controlled by a rotary switch with a finite number of positions (for example, six), each of which engages a different combination of resistances and hence a different heating power, or may have an \"infinite switch\" called a \"simmerstat\".", "Electric stove __knowledge__ Some may have a thermostat.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Chemical reaction __knowledge__ A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.", "Chemical reaction __knowledge__ Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation.", "Chemical reaction __knowledge__ Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes can occur.", "Chemical reaction __knowledge__ The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents.", "Chemistry __knowledge__ Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e.", "Chemistry __knowledge__ elements, and molecules, i.e.", "Chemistry __knowledge__ combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.", "Chemistry __knowledge__ Chemistry addresses topics such as how atoms and molecules interact via chemical bonds to form new chemical compounds.", "Chemistry __knowledge__ There are four types of chemical bonds: covalent bonds, in which compounds share one or more electron(s); ionic bonds, in which a compound donates one or more electrons to another compound to produce ions: cations and anions; hydrogen bonds; and Van der Waals force bonds.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis (British English: , ), biopoiesis, or informally the origin of life, is the natural process by which life arises from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ On Earth, the transition from non-living to living entities was not a single event but a gradual process of increasing complexity.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis is studied through a combination of paleontology, chemistry, and extrapolation from the characteristics of modern organisms, and aims to determine how pre-life chemical reactions gave rise to life on Earth.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ The study of abiogenesis can be geophysical, chemical, or biological, with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three, as life arose under conditions that are strikingly different from those on Earth today.", "Water __knowledge__ Water is a transparent and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.", "Water __knowledge__ Its chemical formula is HO, meaning that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms that are connected by covalent bonds.", "Water __knowledge__ Strictly speaking, water refers to the liquid state of a substance that prevails at standard ambient temperature and pressure; but it often refers also to its solid state (ice) or its gaseous state (steam or water vapor).", "Water __knowledge__ It also occurs in nature as snow, glaciers, ice packs and icebergs, clouds, fog, dew, aquifers, and atmospheric humidity.", "Atmospheric entry __knowledge__ Atmospheric entry is the movement of an object from outer space into and through the gases of an atmosphere of a planet, dwarf planet or natural satellite.", "Atmospheric entry __knowledge__ There are two main types of atmospheric entry: uncontrolled entry, such as the entry of astronomical objects, space debris or bolides; and controlled entry (or reentry) of a spacecraft capable of being navigated or following a predetermined course.", "Atmospheric entry __knowledge__ Technologies and procedures allowing the controlled atmospheric entry, descent and landing of spacecraft are collectively abbreviated as EDL.", "Atmospheric entry __knowledge__ Atmospheric drag and aerodynamic heating can cause atmospheric breakup capable of completely disintegrating smaller objects.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ The thermodynamic free energy is the amount of work that a thermodynamic system can perform.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ The concept is useful in the thermodynamics of chemical or thermal processes in engineering and science.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ The free energy is the internal energy of a system minus the amount of energy that cannot be used to perform work.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ This unusable energy is given by the entropy of a system multiplied by the temperature of the system.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ Like the internal energy, the free energy is a thermodynamic state function.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ Energy is a generalization of free energy, since energy is the ability to do work which is free energy.", "Thermodynamic free energy __knowledge__ Free energy is that portion of any first-law energy that is available to perform thermodynamic work; \"i.e.", "Chemical thermodynamics __knowledge__ Chemical thermodynamics is the study of the interrelation of heat and work with chemical reactions or with physical changes of state within the confines of the laws of thermodynamics.", "Chemical thermodynamics __knowledge__ Chemical thermodynamics involves not only laboratory measurements of various thermodynamic properties, but also the application of mathematical methods to the study of chemical questions and the \"spontaneity\" of processes.", "Chemical thermodynamics __knowledge__ The structure of chemical thermodynamics is based on the first two laws of thermodynamics.", "Chemical thermodynamics __knowledge__ Starting from the first and second laws of thermodynamics, four equations called the \"fundamental equations of Gibbs\" can be derived." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Almack's __knowledge__ Almack's was the name of a number of establishments and social clubs in London between the 18th and 20th centuries.", "Almack's __knowledge__ Two of the social clubs would go on to fame as Brooks's and Boodle's.", "Almack's __knowledge__ Almack's most famous establishment was based in assembly rooms on King Street, St James's, and was one of a limited number of upper class mixed-sex public social venues in the British capital in an era when the most important venues for the hectic social season were the grand houses of the aristocracy.", "Almack's __knowledge__ The site of the club, Almack's Assembly Rooms or (from 1781) Willis's Rooms, has become retrospectively interchangeable with the club, though for much of the club's lifetime the rooms offered a variety of other entertainments with no connection to the club.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Riverside Shakespeare Company __knowledge__ The Riverside Shakespeare Company of New York City was founded in 1977 as a professional (AEA) theatre company on the Upper West Side of New York City, by W. Stuart McDowell and Gloria Skurski.", "Riverside Shakespeare Company __knowledge__ Focusing on Shakespeare plays and other classical repertoire, it operated through 1997.", "Riverside Shakespeare Company __knowledge__ Founded with a core of graduates from the University of California at Berkeley, the Riverside Shakespeare Company of New York City opened its first production, \"Romeo and Juliet\", in August 1977 in Riverside Park.", "Riverside Shakespeare Company __knowledge__ It then commenced a free parks tour through Manhattan, performing in Washington Square, John Jay Park, Fort Tryon Park, and Columbia University.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ The Canadian Cascade Arc, also called the Canadian Cascades, is the Canadian segment of the North American Cascade Volcanic Arc.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ Located entirely within the Canadian province of British Columbia, it extends from the Cascade Mountains in the south to the Coast Mountains in the north.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ Specifically, the southern end of the Canadian Cascades begin at the Canada–United States border.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ However, the specific boundaries of the northern end are not precisely known and the geology in this part of the volcanic arc is poorly understood.", "Canadian Cascade Arc __knowledge__ It is widely accepted by geologists that the Canadian Cascade Arc extends through the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains.", "Geology of the Grand Canyon area __knowledge__ The geology of the Grand Canyon area includes one of the most complete and studied sequences of rock on Earth.", "Geology of the Grand Canyon area __knowledge__ The nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers exposed in the Grand Canyon and in the Grand Canyon National Park area range in age from about 200 million to nearly 2 billion years old.", "Geology of the Grand Canyon area __knowledge__ Most were deposited in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America.", "Geology of the Grand Canyon area __knowledge__ Both marine and terrestrial sediments are represented, including fossilized sand dunes from an extinct desert.", "Geology of the Grand Canyon area __knowledge__ There are at least 14 known unconformities in the geologic record found in the Grand Canyon.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of \"Homo erectus\", followed by other archaic humans including \"H. heidelbergensis\", the likely ancestor of both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, around 500,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ Within Africa, \"Homo sapiens\" diverged around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The \"recent African origin\" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of \"Homo sapiens\" migrating from East Africa after roughly 70,000 years ago and spread along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ The Garibaldi Volcanic Belt is a northwest-southeast trending volcanic chain in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains that extends from Watts Point in the south to the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield in the north.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ This chain of volcanoes is located in southwestern British Columbia, Canada.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ It forms the northernmost segment of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which includes Mount St. Helens and Mount Baker.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ Most volcanoes of the Garibaldi chain are dormant stratovolcanoes and subglacial volcanoes that have been eroded by glacial ice.", "Garibaldi Volcanic Belt __knowledge__ Less common volcanic landforms include cinder cones, volcanic plugs, lava domes and calderas.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The recent African origin of modern humans, also called the \"Out of Africa\" theory (OOA), recent single-origin hypothesis (RSOH), replacement hypothesis, or recent African origin model (RAO), is, in paleoanthropology, the dominant model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\").", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The model proposes a single area of origin for modern humans.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ The \"single-origin hypothesis\" is cited as having scientific consensus as of the mid-2000s.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ According to this model, modern humans evolved in East Africa between 400,000 and 200,000 years ago.", "Recent African origin of modern humans __knowledge__ There were then at least two dispersal events from Africa to the rest of the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States.", "Grill (family) __knowledge__ The Grill family was one of several Swedish families having significant influence with the Swedish East India Company (SOIC).", "Grill (family) __knowledge__ During the 17th century, 18th century and for some years into the 19th century, they owned ironworks and mills manufacturing goods for export while operating wharfs, textile companies, saw mills and other factories related to shipbuilding.", "Grill (family) __knowledge__ Several Grills were directors of the SOIC and the Grill firm traded with the merchants in Canton (now known as Guangzhou) as members of the SOIC and privately.", "Grill (family) __knowledge__ The Grills owned houses, manors and estates at a number of locations in Sweden.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ Old Ebbitt Grill is a historic bar and restaurant located at 675 15th Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ It is Washington's oldest bar and restaurant, and as of 2012 was owned by Clyde's Restaurant Group.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ It opened as an unnamed restaurant in the Ebbitt House Hotel.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ The Hotel distinguished itself as the first hotel in Washington to remain open all summer instead of closing when Congress adjourned.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ In 1827 the Hotel was razed and rebuilt in the same location.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ Ebbitt House Hotel was razed in 1925 to make way for the National Press Building, built in 1926.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ The restaurant was incorporated by Anders Lofstrand, Sr., as a stand-alone business.", "Jean Abraham Grill __knowledge__ Jean Abraham Grill (21July 173612March 1792), sometimes called Johan Abraham Grill, was a Swedish merchant, supercargo, director of the Swedish East India Company (SOIC) and ironmaster at Godegård with several factories.", "Jean Abraham Grill __knowledge__ Grill journeyed to China twice as the representative for the SOIC.", "Jean Abraham Grill __knowledge__ He lived in Canton (now known as Guangzhou) as well as Macao for a total of almost ten years, doing trade for the company during the arrival of three Swedish ships.", "Jean Abraham Grill __knowledge__ In China he lived the life of an adventurer; survived a shipwreck, traded with other East Asian countries together with his partner Michael Grubb and smuggled opium from India to China.", "Park Grill __knowledge__ The Park Grill is the only full-service restaurant included in the multibillion-dollar Millennium Park project in Chicago, Illinois.", "Park Grill __knowledge__ Its outdoor seating area is the largest al fresco dining area in Chicago.", "Park Grill __knowledge__ It has placed among the leaders in citywide best-of competitions for best burger and is widely praised for its views.", "Park Grill __knowledge__ The exclusive location, the lucrative contract terms, the investor list, and a close personal relationship between a managing partner of the restaurant and the Chicago Park District's project manager led to a formal ethics investigation, court litigation, and extensive press coverage, and ranked among the most prominent scandals of the administration of Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley in 2005.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ \"Pellet grills\", sometimes referred to as pellet smokers, are backyard cookers that combine elements of charcoal smokers, gas grills, and kitchen ovens.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ Fueled by wood pellets, pellet grills infuse food with smoky flavor associated with charcoal grills and smokers, but offer the convenience of gas grills and the temperature control of an indoor oven.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ They have the ability to smoke as well as grill and bake using an electronic control panel to automatically feed fuel to the fire, regulate the grill’s airflow, and maintain consistent cooking temperatures.", "Pellet grill __knowledge__ The best pellet grills also utilize sophisticated sensors and advanced algorithms for precision temperature control.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ Chinese cooking techniques () are a set of methods and techniques traditionally used in Chinese cuisine.", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ The cooking techniques can either be grouped into ones that use a single cooking method or a combination of wet and dry cooking methods.", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ Many cooking techniques involve a singular type of heated cooking or action.", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ Wet-heat, immersion-based cooking methods are the predominate class of cooking techniques in Chinese cuisine and are usually referred to as ' ().", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ In fact the term ' is commonly used to denote cooking in general.", "Chinese cooking techniques __knowledge__ Fast wet-heat based cooking methods include: Prolonged wet-heat based cooking methods include: Food preparation in hot dry vessels such as an oven or a heated empty wok include: Oil-based cooking methods are one of the most common in Chinese cuisine and include: Kian Lam Kho identifies five distinct techniques of stir frying: Food preparation techniques not involving the heating of ingredients include: Several techniques in Chinese involve more than one stage of cooking and have their own terms to describe the process.", "Wok __knowledge__ A wok (from Cantonese ) is a versatile round-bottomed cooking vessel, originating from China.", "Wok __knowledge__ The use of the wok is very prevalent in South China (particularly Guangdong Province).", "Wok __knowledge__ It is one of the most common cooking utensils in China and also found in parts of East, South and Southeast Asia, as well as becoming a popular niche cookware in all the world.", "Wok __knowledge__ Woks are used in a range of different Chinese cooking techniques, including stir frying, steaming, pan frying, deep frying, poaching, boiling, braising, searing, stewing, making soup, smoking and roasting nuts.", "Wok __knowledge__ Wok cooking is done with long-handled utensils called \"chahn\" (spatula) or \"hoak\" (ladle).", "Surface chemistry of cooking __knowledge__ In cooking several factors, including materials, techniques, and temperature, can influence the surface chemistry of the chemical reactions and interactions that create food.", "Surface chemistry of cooking __knowledge__ All of these factors depend on the chemical properties of the surfaces of the materials used.", "Surface chemistry of cooking __knowledge__ The material properties of cookware, such as hydrophobicity, surface roughness, and conductivity can impact the taste of a dish dramatically.", "Surface chemistry of cooking __knowledge__ The technique of food preparation alters food in fundamentally different ways, which produce unique textures and flavors.", "Surface chemistry of cooking __knowledge__ The temperature of food preparation must be considered when choosing the correct ingredients." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 7, 9, 6 ]

[ "What do you like to cook? Cooking can include everything from grilling, using an open fire or electric stoves. ", "That sound delicious! Cooking occurs through chemical reactions both with and without heat. ", "It is and an old one at that! Some people think it started over 2 million years ago", "Yeah and new inventions and technologies have created new cooking techniques. ", "That's cool! Also cooking with fire is something that's exclusive to human. " ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Imagine Dragons\nHey, what is your opinion on the band Imagine Dragons?", "Wow that is interesting I did not know they won that many awards. Do you have a favourite song by them?", "Very cool - my favourite is smoke and mirrors from the 2015 album", "I have never been there unfortunately although I would like to. It seems like a fun place. I have seen the Imagine Dragons when they came to Canada in 2013 though - they were amazing! Have you ever seen them live" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim Cantor (born August 10, 1969) is an American self-taught surrealism artist and writer.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim was raised in Marin County, California and began painting at the age of 5 using a box of oil paints and brushes that were his great-grandfather's.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim's great-grandfather was the English Artist, Lloyd Dundas Whiffen (1885-1951).", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ His first oil painting was created at the age of 5.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ When Tim was 15, he won a Bank of America achievement in arts award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Also at the age of 15, Tim was given his first gallery exhibition where one of his paintings was acquired to hang in the White House.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim has since had exhibitions in Athens, Tokyo, Singapore, Paris, Venice, New York, Beverly Hills and San Francisco.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Daniel Coulter Reynolds (born July 14, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is the lead vocalist for the rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds also released an EP in 2011, titled \"Egyptian – EP,\" as a duo with Aja Volkman under the moniker Egyptian.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds was born on July 14, 1987 in Las Vegas, the seventh of nine children born to Christene M. (née Callister) and Ronald Reynolds, a lawyer and author.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Both are natives of Nevada, and Reynolds is a 4th generation Nevadan.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" is a song by American rock band Imagine Dragons for their major-label debut EP \"Continued Silence\" and later on their debut studio album, \"Night Visions\" (2012), as the opening track.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" was first sent to modern rock radio on October 29, 2012, and released to contemporary radio on April 9, 2013.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Radioactive\" is an electronic rock and alternative rock song with elements of dubstep and contains cryptic lyrics about apocalyptic and revolutionist themes.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ The song received positive reviews from critics, who praised the production, lyrics, and vocals, calling it a highlight on the album.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Night Visions is the debut studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was released on September 4, 2012, through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ The extended track was released on February 12, 2013, adding three more songs.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Recorded between 2010 and 2012, the album was primarily produced by the band themselves, as well as English hip-hop producer Alex da Kid and Brandon Darner from the American indie rock group The Envy Corps.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was mastered by Joe LaPorta.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ According to frontman Dan Reynolds, the album took three years to finish, with six of the album's tracks being previously released on multiple EPs.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Smoke + Mirrors is the second studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album was recorded during 2014 at the band's home studio in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Self-produced by members of the band along with English hip-hop producer Alexander Grant, known by his moniker Alex da Kid, the album was released by Interscope Records and Grant's KIDinaKORNER label on February 17, 2015, in the United States.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics upon release.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ However, it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States, moving more than 172,000 units, and also debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Canadian Albums Chart.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ Evolve (stylized as ƎVOLVE) is the third studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons, released on June 23, 2017 through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album is the band's new material follow-up to their second studio album, \"Smoke + Mirrors\".", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ After the release of \"Smoke + Mirrors\" and its respective world tour, a self-imposed hiatus for 2016 and cryptic messages from the band through their social media gained anticipation for their third album.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album was finally announced on May 9, with the initiation of the album's pre-order.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ In comparison to \"Night Visions\" and \"Smoke + Mirrors\", frontman Dan Reynolds explained that the album would be an \"evolution for Imagine Dragons\".", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score is a two-part soundtrack album for the 2014 .", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ The score was written by Steve Jablonsky, with help from fellow composer Hans Zimmer and additional music by alternative rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ An EP was released on June 30, 2014, that served as a teaser for the score, which was released on July 3, 2014.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ Both albums were released through the film's distributor Paramount Pictures.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ As with the previous three films of the franchise, Steve Jablonsky handled the film's score, and it is his sixth collaboration with director Michael Bay.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction – The Score __knowledge__ Jablonsky and Bay worked on the score from December 2013 to June 2014, one month before the film's release, which exhausted Jablonsky.", "On Top of the World (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"On Top of the World\" is a song by the American rock band Imagine Dragons for their major-label debut extended play \"Continued Silence\" (2012), where it appears as the third track.", "On Top of the World (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ The song also appears on their debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012) as the fifth track.", "On Top of the World (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"On Top of the World\" was released digitally as a single on March 18, 2013.", "On Top of the World (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"On Top of the World\" primarily features guitar and piano instrumentation, with vocals performed by lead singer Dan Reynolds.", "On Top of the World (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ Originally published in the key of C major, the song itself expresses a celebration of accomplishment for the band after striving for years to become successful.", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ The Smoke + Mirrors Tour was the second worldwide concert tour by American alternative rock band Imagine Dragons in support of their second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015).", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ The tour had a preview show in Sydney, Australia, on March 17, 2015, before the tour officially began in Santiago, Chile, on April 12, 2015.", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ It continued through the Americas, Asia, Oceania and Europe until February 5, 2016, in Amsterdam, Netherlands.", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ The band played 108 shows.", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ For Pollstar's Year End Top 200 North American Tours of 2015, it was ranked forty-first, and grossed $25.2 million.", "Smoke + Mirrors Tour __knowledge__ In 2012, Imagine Dragons released their debut studio album \"Night Visions\", which launched the band into international mainstream commercial success." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "List of contestants from the UK national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest __knowledge__ Shows of similar formats have previously gone under several other names, including \"Festival Of British Popular Songs\", \"Eurovision Song Contest British Final\", \"A Song For Europe\", \"The Great British Song Contest\", \"Eurovision: Making Your Mind Up\" and \"Eurovision: Your Decision\".", "List of contestants from the UK national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest __knowledge__ In 2011 the selection process was replaced by an internal BBC decision, but this process ended after 2015 with a revival of a national final for 2016 under a new name.", "List of contestants from the UK national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest __knowledge__ This page lists the contestants for each year of the show; the winners of the contest are in bold-italics.", "List of contestants from the UK national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest __knowledge__ In 1957, 1959 and 1960, there were a series of televised heats prior to the final.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Graeham Goble __knowledge__ Graeham George Goble (born 15 May 1947) is an Australian musician, singer/songwriter and record producer, best known as a founding member of Australian rock group Little River Band (LRB).", "Graeham Goble __knowledge__ As a performer, Goble was responsible for the vocal arrangements and high harmonies on eleven studio albums and numerous Top 10 singles with LRB.", "Graeham Goble __knowledge__ As a songwriter he penned songs like \"Reminiscing\", \"Lady\", \"Take It Easy on Me\" and \"The Other Guy\" each played millions of times on radio.", "Graeham Goble __knowledge__ As a producer, Goble's credits include John Farnham's \"Uncovered\" album in 1980 and his own catalog of recordings.", "Graeham Goble __knowledge__ Goble is a keen student of concepts such as spirituality; he changed his first name from Graham to Graeham as a consequence of his interest in numerology and feng shui.", "The Ricky Gervais Show __knowledge__ The Ricky Gervais Show is a comedy radio show in the UK starring Ricky Gervais, Stephen Merchant, and Karl Pilkington, later adapted into a podcast and a television series.", "The Ricky Gervais Show __knowledge__ Despite being named after the more famous Gervais, it mostly revolves around the life and ideas of Pilkington.", "The Ricky Gervais Show __knowledge__ The show started in August 2001 on Xfm, and aired in weekly periods for months at a time throughout 2002, 2003, 2004, and mid-2005.", "The Ricky Gervais Show __knowledge__ In November 2005, \"Guardian Unlimited\" offered the show as a podcast series of 12 shows.", "The Ricky Gervais Show __knowledge__ Throughout January and February 2006, the podcast was consistently ranked the number one podcast in the world; it appeared in the 2007 Guinness World Record for the world's most downloaded podcast, having gained an average of 261,670 downloads per episode during its first month.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ Startup Cult is the debut album by South Australian rap artist Allday.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ It was released via Australian rapper Illy's label ONETWO on July 4, 2014.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ It was released worldwide via Wind Up Records on September 18, 2015.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ The album features three singles: \"Right Now\", \"You Always Know the DJ\", and \"Wolves\" (featuring Sunni Colón).", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ Allday released \"Right Now\" as the lead single from Startup Cult on April 25, 2014.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ The music video was released on his YouTube channel on May 22, 2014, it was directed and produced by Nima Navili Rad.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ \"Right Now\" peaked at number 69 on the ARIA charts on May 6, 2014.", "Startup Cult __knowledge__ \"You Always Know The DJ\" became the second single and the music video was released on June 29, 2014.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ \"Imagine\" is a song written and performed by English musician John Lennon.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ The best-selling single of his solo career, its lyrics encourage the listener to imagine a world at peace without the barriers of borders or the divisions of religion and nationality and to consider the possibility that the whole of humanity would live unattached to material possessions.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Lennon and Yoko Ono co-produced the song and album of the same name with Phil Spector.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Recording began at Lennon's home studio at Tittenhurst Park, England, in May 1971, with final overdubs taking place at the Record Plant, in New York City, during July.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ \"Pretty Girls\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears and Australian rapper Iggy Azalea.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ Azalea co-wrote the song with Maegan Cottone, British girl group Little Mix, and the song's producers, The Invisible Men.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ The single was released on May 4, 2015, by RCA Records.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ The music video for \"Pretty Girls\" premiered on May 13, 2015, and was directed by Azalea and Cameron Duddy.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ The visuals were inspired by the 1988 film \"Earth Girls Are Easy\", starring Geena Davis.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ The song was performed live by Spears and Azalea for the first time on May 17 at the 2015 \"Billboard\" Music Awards.", "Pretty Girls (Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea song) __knowledge__ Later that year, it was added to the setlist for Spears' Las Vegas residency show, .", "Panay __knowledge__ Panay is the sixth-largest and fourth most-populous island in the Philippines.", "Panay __knowledge__ with a total land area of and with a total population of 4,477,247.", "Panay __knowledge__ The City of Iloilo is the largest settlement on the island, with a total population of 447,992 inhabitants.", "Panay __knowledge__ It is a triangular island, located in the western part of the Visayas.", "Panay __knowledge__ It is about across, it is divided into four provinces: Aklan, Antique, Capiz and Iloilo, all in the Western Visayas Region.", "Panay __knowledge__ It is located southeast of the island of Mindoro and northwest of Negros, separated by the Guimaras Strait.", "Panay __knowledge__ Between Panay and Negros lie the island-province of Guimaras.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Regine Velasquez is a Filipino singer and actor who has received many awards and nominations for her work in music, film and television.", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ She rose to prominence after winning the 1984 Ang Bagong Kampeon and the 1989 Asia-Pacific Song Contest.", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Velasquez signed a record deal with VIVA Records in 1987 and released her eponymous debut album.", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ The album produced three singles; \"Kung Maibabalik Ko Lang\", \"Urong Sulong\" and \"Isang Lahi\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Later that year, Velasquez was named Most Promising Female Entertainer at the 10th Aliw Awards for her work.", "List of awards and nominations received by Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Her succeeding albums \"Nineteen 90\" (1990) and \"Tagala Talaga\" (1991) established her as a leading Filipino pop artist and she won the awards as the Most Popular Female Entertainer at Box Office Entertainment Award ceremonies in 1991 and 1992.", "Pretty Hurts __knowledge__ \"Pretty Hurts\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her eponymous fifth studio album (2013).", "Pretty Hurts __knowledge__ It impacted mainstream radio in the United States on June 10, 2014, as the fourth single from the album.", "Pretty Hurts __knowledge__ The song was written by Sia, Beyoncé and Ammo, and its production was handled by the former two.", "Pretty Hurts __knowledge__ \"Pretty Hurts\" was initially written for Katy Perry and then offered to Rihanna; both artists failed to record the track and as a result it was sent to Beyoncé instead.", "Pretty Hurts __knowledge__ It is a power pop and soul ballad, instrumentally complete with a sparse background honed with the use of synths, minor chords and a \"booming\" drum beat.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sweet Dreams\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé from her third studio album \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Originally titled \"Beautiful Nightmare\", it leaked online in March 2008.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Beyoncé, James Scheffer, Wayne Wilkins, and Rico Love.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Sweet Dreams\", the album's sixth single, to mainstream radio and rhythmic contemporary radio playlists in the United States on June 2, 2009, and elsewhere on July 13.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It is an electropop song whose instrumentation includes synthesizers, a keyboard, and snare drums.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Knowles employs slinky vocals to sing the haunting lyrics, which describe a romantic relationship that the female protagonist believes could be a dream.", "Drake (musician) __knowledge__ Aubrey Drake Graham (born October 24, 1986) is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, and entrepreneur.", "Drake (musician) __knowledge__ Drake initially gained recognition as an actor on the teen drama television series \"\" in the early 2000s.", "Drake (musician) __knowledge__ Intent on pursuing a career as a rapper, he departed the series in 2007 following the release of his debut mixtape, \"Room for Improvement\".", "Drake (musician) __knowledge__ He released two further independent projects, \"Comeback Season\" and \"So Far Gone\", before signing to Lil Wayne's Young Money Entertainment in June 2009.", "Drake (musician) __knowledge__ Drake released his debut studio album \"Thank Me Later\" in 2010, which debuted at 1 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and was soon certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ Loretta Lynn (née Webb; born April 14, 1932) is an American country music singer-songwriter with multiple gold albums in a career spanning almost 60 years.", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ She is famous for hits such as \"You Ain't Woman Enough (To Take My Man)\", \"Don't Come Home A' Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)\", \"One's on the Way\", \"Fist City\", and \"Coal Miner's Daughter\" along with the 1980 biographical film of the same name.", "Loretta Lynn __knowledge__ Lynn has received numerous awards and other accolades for her groundbreaking role in country music, including awards from both the Country Music Association and Academy of Country Music as a duet partner and an individual artist.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars has received various awards and nominations throughout his career.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He is the recipient of eight American Music Awards, a BT Digital Music Award, three Brit Awards, an Echo Award, a JUNO Award, eleven Grammy Awards, three Guinness World Records and eight Soul Train Music Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He has also been nominated for two ALMA Awards, three ARIA Music Awards, two MOBO Awards, nine Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards and four Pollstar Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars initially came to prominence as an acknowledged music producer and lyricist, who composed songs for other artists along with his production team The Smeezingtons." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture __knowledge__ The use of mirrors in Mesoamerican culture was associated with the idea that they served as portals to a realm that could be seen but not interacted with.", "Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture __knowledge__ Mirrors in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica were fashioned from stone and served a number of uses, from the decorative to the divinatory.", "Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture __knowledge__ An ancient tradition among many Mesoamerican cultures was the practice of divination using the surface of a bowl of water as a mirror.", "Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture __knowledge__ At the time of the Spanish conquest this form of divination was still practiced among the Maya, Aztecs and Purépecha.", "Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture __knowledge__ In Mesoamerican art, mirrors are frequently associated with pools of liquid; this liquid was likely to have been water.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim Cantor (born August 10, 1969) is an American self-taught surrealism artist and writer.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim was raised in Marin County, California and began painting at the age of 5 using a box of oil paints and brushes that were his great-grandfather's.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim's great-grandfather was the English Artist, Lloyd Dundas Whiffen (1885-1951).", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ His first oil painting was created at the age of 5.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ When Tim was 15, he won a Bank of America achievement in arts award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Also at the age of 15, Tim was given his first gallery exhibition where one of his paintings was acquired to hang in the White House.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim has since had exhibitions in Athens, Tokyo, Singapore, Paris, Venice, New York, Beverly Hills and San Francisco.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Smoke + Mirrors is the second studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album was recorded during 2014 at the band's home studio in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Self-produced by members of the band along with English hip-hop producer Alexander Grant, known by his moniker Alex da Kid, the album was released by Interscope Records and Grant's KIDinaKORNER label on February 17, 2015, in the United States.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics upon release.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ However, it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States, moving more than 172,000 units, and also debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Canadian Albums Chart.", "Mirror __knowledge__ A mirror is an object that reflects light in such a way that, for incident light in some range of wavelengths, the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light, called specular reflection.", "Mirror __knowledge__ This is different from other light-reflecting objects that do not preserve much of the original wave signal other than color and diffuse reflected light, such as flat-white paint.", "Mirror __knowledge__ The most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror, which has a flat surface.", "Mirror __knowledge__ Curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply distort the reflected image.", "Bryce Soderberg __knowledge__ Bryce Dane Soderberg (born April 10, 1980) is a Canadian musician and songwriter, best known as the bassist and vocalist for American rock band Lifehouse.", "Bryce Soderberg __knowledge__ Bryce Soderberg was born in Victoria, British Columbia, and raised just outside Victoria in the Municipality of Sooke.", "Bryce Soderberg __knowledge__ He started playing bass at a young age and developed his musicianship mostly in his basement with his two brothers and their band.", "Bryce Soderberg __knowledge__ He graduated from St. Michaels University School then after attending two years of College in Quebec, Canada, he moved to Los Angeles, California when he was 19 to pursue a professional career in music.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ Nuclear winter is the severe and prolonged global climatic cooling effect hypothesized to occur after widespread firestorms following a nuclear war.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ The hypothesis is based on the fact that such fires can inject soot into the stratosphere, where it can block some direct sunlight from reaching the surface of the Earth.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ Historically, firestorms have occurred in a number of forests and cities.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ In developing computer models of nuclear-winter scenarios, researchers use both Hamburg and the Hiroshima firestorms as example cases where soot might have been injected into the stratosphere, as well as modern observations of natural, large-area wildfires.", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ \"Mirrors\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake for his third studio album, \"The 20/20 Experience\" (2013).", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ First conceived in 2009, the track was inspired by the marriage of his grandparents.", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ It is an eight-minute-long mid-tempo progressive pop and R&B ballad.", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ Timberlake wrote and produced the song with Timothy \"Timbaland\" Mosley and Jerome \"J-Roc\" Harmon, with additional writing from James Fauntleroy.", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ The accompanying music video, directed by Floria Sigismondi, was released in March 2013 and depicts a tale of two lovers through several decades.", "Mirrors (Justin Timberlake song) __knowledge__ \"Mirrors\" was issued as the second single from \"The 20/20 Experience\" in February 2013.", "Chinese sun and moon mirrors __knowledge__ The yángsuì 陽燧 or sun-mirror was an ancient Chinese burning-mirror that concentrates sunlight to ignite tinder and the fāngzhū 方諸 or moon-mirror was a device that collects nighttime dew by condensation.", "Chinese sun and moon mirrors __knowledge__ These two bronze implements are literary metaphors for yin and yang, associating the \"\"yang\"-mirror\" \"yangsui\" with the sun (a.k.a.", "Chinese sun and moon mirrors __knowledge__ \"tàiyáng\" 太陽 \"great \"yang\"\"), fire, dry, and round, and the \"\"yin\"-mirror\" \"fangshu\" with the moon (\"tàiyīn\" 太陰 \"great \"yin\"\"), water, wet, and square.", "Chinese sun and moon mirrors __knowledge__ There are numerous Chinese names for the fire-producing \"yángsuì\" 陽燧 \"sun-mirror\" and water-producing \"fāngzhū\" 方諸 \"moon-mirror\".", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ Evolve (stylized as ƎVOLVE) is the third studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons, released on June 23, 2017 through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album is the band's new material follow-up to their second studio album, \"Smoke + Mirrors\".", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ After the release of \"Smoke + Mirrors\" and its respective world tour, a self-imposed hiatus for 2016 and cryptic messages from the band through their social media gained anticipation for their third album.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album was finally announced on May 9, with the initiation of the album's pre-order.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ In comparison to \"Night Visions\" and \"Smoke + Mirrors\", frontman Dan Reynolds explained that the album would be an \"evolution for Imagine Dragons\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Christopher Russell Edward Squire (4March 1948 – 27June 2015) was an English musician, singer and songwriter.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ He was best known as the bassist and a founding member of the progressive rock band Yes.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Prior to his death in 2015, he was the only constant member in the band, having appeared on every studio album released from 1969 to 2014.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ Born in Kingsbury, London, Squire took an early interest in church music and sang in the local church and school choirs.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ After he took up the bass guitar at age sixteen, his earliest gigs were in 1964 for the Selfs, which later evolved into the Syn.", "Chris Squire __knowledge__ In 1968, Squire formed Yes with singer Jon Anderson; he would remain the band's sole bassist for the next 47 years.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ Alien is a 1979 science fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott, and starring Sigourney Weaver, Tom Skerritt, Veronica Cartwright, Harry Dean Stanton, John Hurt, Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ It is the first movie in what became a large \"Alien\" franchise.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ The film's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and attacks the crew of a spaceship.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ Dan O'Bannon, drawing upon previous works of science fiction and horror, wrote the screenplay from a story he co-authored with Ronald Shusett.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by Gordon Carroll, David Giler and Walter Hill through their company Brandywine Productions, and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Music of Israel __knowledge__ The music of Israel is a combination of Jewish and non-Jewish music traditions that have come together over the course of a century to create a distinctive musical culture.", "Music of Israel __knowledge__ For almost 150 years, musicians have sought original stylistic elements that would define the emerging national spirit.", "Music of Israel __knowledge__ In addition to creating an Israeli style and sound, Israel's musicians have made significant contributions to classical, jazz, pop rock and other international music genres.", "Music of Israel __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, there has been a flowering of musical diversity, with Israeli rock, folk and jazz musicians creating and performing extensively, both locally and abroad.", "Radioactive waste __knowledge__ Radioactive waste is waste that contains radioactive material.", "Radioactive waste __knowledge__ Radioactive waste is usually a by-product of nuclear power generation and other applications of nuclear fission or nuclear technology, such as research and medicine.", "Radioactive waste __knowledge__ Radioactive waste is hazardous to all forms of life and the environment, and is regulated by government agencies in order to protect human health and the environment.", "Radioactive waste __knowledge__ Radioactivity naturally decays over time, so radioactive waste has to be isolated and confined in appropriate disposal facilities for a sufficient period until it no longer poses a threat.", "Radioactive waste __knowledge__ The time radioactive waste must be stored for depends on the type of waste and radioactive isotopes.", "Sing to God __knowledge__ Sing to God is the seventh studio album by British psychedelic experimental rock band Cardiacs.", "Sing to God __knowledge__ Their first album with drummer Bob Leith and their second as a four-piece, it was recorded throughout 1995, breaking a hiatus by the band that had lasted several years since the band's previous album \"Heaven Born and Ever Bright\" (1992).", "Sing to God __knowledge__ During writing and recording, Jon Poole took a greater role than before, contributing to many songs written by band leader Tim Smith, and writing some of his own.", "Sing to God __knowledge__ The band decided to create a double album to encompass the great wealth of material written after their previous album.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim Cantor (born August 10, 1969) is an American self-taught surrealism artist and writer.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim was raised in Marin County, California and began painting at the age of 5 using a box of oil paints and brushes that were his great-grandfather's.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim's great-grandfather was the English Artist, Lloyd Dundas Whiffen (1885-1951).", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ His first oil painting was created at the age of 5.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ When Tim was 15, he won a Bank of America achievement in arts award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Also at the age of 15, Tim was given his first gallery exhibition where one of his paintings was acquired to hang in the White House.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim has since had exhibitions in Athens, Tokyo, Singapore, Paris, Venice, New York, Beverly Hills and San Francisco.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" is a song by American rock band Imagine Dragons for their major-label debut EP \"Continued Silence\" and later on their debut studio album, \"Night Visions\" (2012), as the opening track.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" was first sent to modern rock radio on October 29, 2012, and released to contemporary radio on April 9, 2013.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Radioactive\" is an electronic rock and alternative rock song with elements of dubstep and contains cryptic lyrics about apocalyptic and revolutionist themes.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ The song received positive reviews from critics, who praised the production, lyrics, and vocals, calling it a highlight on the album.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Night Visions is the debut studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was released on September 4, 2012, through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ The extended track was released on February 12, 2013, adding three more songs.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Recorded between 2010 and 2012, the album was primarily produced by the band themselves, as well as English hip-hop producer Alex da Kid and Brandon Darner from the American indie rock group The Envy Corps.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was mastered by Joe LaPorta.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ According to frontman Dan Reynolds, the album took three years to finish, with six of the album's tracks being previously released on multiple EPs.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Smoke + Mirrors is the second studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album was recorded during 2014 at the band's home studio in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Self-produced by members of the band along with English hip-hop producer Alexander Grant, known by his moniker Alex da Kid, the album was released by Interscope Records and Grant's KIDinaKORNER label on February 17, 2015, in the United States.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics upon release.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ However, it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States, moving more than 172,000 units, and also debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Canadian Albums Chart.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction __knowledge__ Transformers: Age of Extinction is a 2014 American science fiction action film based on the \"Transformers\" franchise.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment of the live-action \"Transformers\" film series, the first film in the sequel trilogy and the stand-alone sequel to 2011's \"\", taking place five years after its events.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction __knowledge__ Like its predecessors, it was directed by Michael Bay and written by Ehren Kruger, with Steven Spielberg and Bay as executive producers.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction __knowledge__ It stars Mark Wahlberg.", "Transformers: Age of Extinction __knowledge__ It is the first film in the series to feature a new cast of human characters and many new Transformers, including the Dinobots.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Daniel Coulter Reynolds (born July 14, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is the lead vocalist for the rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds also released an EP in 2011, titled \"Egyptian – EP,\" as a duo with Aja Volkman under the moniker Egyptian.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds was born on July 14, 1987 in Las Vegas, the seventh of nine children born to Christene M. (née Callister) and Ronald Reynolds, a lawyer and author.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Both are natives of Nevada, and Reynolds is a 4th generation Nevadan.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Mandatory Fun is the fourteenth studio album by American musician \"Weird Al\" Yankovic.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Self-produced, the album was released by RCA Records in the United States on July 15, 2014.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Yankovic had previously released \"Alpocalypse\" in 2011, and toured in support of it when he first spoke of his next record.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ When he began to work on what would become \"Mandatory Fun\", Yankovic found himself listening to older acts, many of which he would stylistically spoof on the album.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Recorded at studios in Los Angeles and Massachusetts from 2012 to 2014, the album contains twelve songs, which include parodies of songs by Pharrell Williams, Robin Thicke, Iggy Azalea, Lorde and Imagine Dragons.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the \"Las Vegas Raiders\" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, various condominium projects have been proposed for the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Park Towers and Turnberry Place, two high-rise condominium properties located near the Las Vegas Strip, were completed in 2001; they subsequently inspired a condominium boom that started in 2003, when various developers began announcing projects that were planned throughout the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many projects were ultimately cancelled because of a rise in construction costs, as well as a lack of skilled construction workers and contractors who were qualified to build high-rises; both reasons were attributed to the large number of projects being announced.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown Las Vegas (commonly abbreviated as DTLV) is the central business district and historic center of Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is the original townsite and was the gambling district of Las Vegas prior to the Strip, and the area still incorporates downtown gaming.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ As the urban core of the Las Vegas Valley, it features a variety of hotel and business highrises, cultural centers, historical buildings and government institutions, as well as residential and retail developments.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown is located in the center of the Las Vegas Valley and just north of the Las Vegas Strip, centered on Fremont Street, the Fremont Street Experience and Fremont East.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchise based in Oakland, California.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ Founded on January 30, 1960, they played their first regular-season game on September 11, 1960, as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) which merged with the NFL in 1970.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The Raiders' off-field fortunes have varied considerably over the years.", "Oakland Raiders __knowledge__ The team's first three years of operation (1960–1962) were marred by poor on-field performance, financial difficulties, and spotty attendance.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada (; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada's capital is Carson City.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy.", "Nevada __knowledge__ It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sagebrush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\".", "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas __knowledge__ The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium.", "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas __knowledge__ NFL team owners voted 31–1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017.", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Wranglers were a professional ice hockey team based in Las Vegas Valley.", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ The Wranglers were members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the ECHL (formerly the East Coast Hockey League).", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ The Wranglers were founded as an expansion franchise in 2003 following the ECHL's takeover of the West Coast Hockey League to form the ECHL.", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ In May 2014, the team suspended operations for the 2014–15 ECHL season, allowing it time to secure a new home arena.", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ In 2015, the team withdrew from the ECHL after being unable to find a home arena for the 2015-16 season.", "Las Vegas Wranglers __knowledge__ The Wranglers won many accolades over their time in the league." ] ]

[ 9, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ "They're pretty great. After all they have won like more than 10 music awards.", "Yes! The song Radioactive is my favorite. It has a unique sound and also a nice story.", "They're from Las Vegas. Have you ever been to Las Vegas?", "No I have not. I can't afford to go to many concerts, but I did volunteer at some local festivals recently!" ]

[ "Imagine Dragons", "Imagine Dragons", "Imagine Dragons", "Imagine Dragons" ]

[ "Tom and Jerry\nI loved watching Tom and Jerry when I was a kid! ", "Yes! And I miss the sketchy art style of those old cartoons, CGI just isn't the same. ", "Definitely, and even though every episode was basically the same premise, it was still entertaining! Kind of like Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd. ", "I know, and do you remember the musical episode? Where he's like a pretty girl viking? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ \"Tom and Jerry\" then became the highest-grossing animated short film series of that time, overtaking \"Looney Tunes\".", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Chuck Jones then produced another 34 shorts with Sib Tower 12 Productions between 1963 and 1967.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Three more shorts were produced, \"\" in 2001, \"The Karate Guard\" in 2005, and \"A Fundraising Adventure\" in 2014, making a total of 164 shorts.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Various shorts have been released for home media since the 1990s.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ A number of spin-offs have been made, including the television series \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (1975), \"The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show\" (1980–82), \"Tom and Jerry Kids\" (1990–93), \"Tom and Jerry Tales\" (2006–08), and \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (2014–present).", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts.", "That's My Mommy __knowledge__ That's My Mommy is a 1955 one reel animated \"Tom and Jerry\" short directed and produced by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera with music by Scott Bradley.", "That's My Mommy __knowledge__ \"That's My Mommy\" was the first \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon in which the production was undertaken by Hanna and Barbera due to Fred Quimby's retirement.", "That's My Mommy __knowledge__ \"That's My Mommy\" was produced in CinemaScope, a form of Widescreen, and released to theatres on November 19, 1955 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.", "That's My Mommy __knowledge__ The cartoon was animated by Kenneth Muse, Ed Barge, Irven Spence and Lewis Marshall, with backgrounds by Robert Gentle and layouts by Richard Bickenbach.", "That's My Mommy __knowledge__ This short is one of the select few in which Tom emerges victorious over Jerry.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ \"Tom and Jerry\" then became the highest-grossing animated short film series of that time, overtaking \"Looney Tunes\".", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Chuck Jones then produced another 34 shorts with Sib Tower 12 Productions between 1963 and 1967.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Three more shorts were produced, \"\" in 2001, \"The Karate Guard\" in 2005, and \"A Fundraising Adventure\" in 2014, making a total of 164 shorts.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Various shorts have been released for home media since the 1990s.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ A number of spin-offs have been made, including the television series \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (1975), \"The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show\" (1980–82), \"Tom and Jerry Kids\" (1990–93), \"Tom and Jerry Tales\" (2006–08), and \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (2014–present).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios (WDAS), also referred to as Disney Animation, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films, short films, and television specials for The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Founded on October 16, 1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio has produced 56 feature films, from \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) to \"Moana\" (2016).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ Modern animation of the United States from the late 1980s and 1990s onward is sometimes referred to as the \"renaissance age of American animation\".", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ During this period, many large American entertainment companies reformed and reinvigorated their animation departments following a general decline during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ The United States has had a profound effect on animation worldwide.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ Since the late 1990s and the 2000s traditional animation would lose interest against digital and Flash animation, naming this current period as the \"millennium age of American animation\".", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ At the start of the 1980s, Walt Disney Productions had been struggling since Walt Disney's death in 1966, and the 1979 departure of Don Bluth and eleven other associates from the animation department dealt Disney a major blow.", "History of Russian animation __knowledge__ The History of Russian animation is the film art produced by Russian animation makers.", "History of Russian animation __knowledge__ As most of Russia's production of animation for cinema and television were created during Soviet times, it may also be referred to some extent as the History of Soviet animation.", "History of Russian animation __knowledge__ It remains a nearly unexplored field in film theory and history outside Russia.", "History of Russian animation __knowledge__ The first Russian animator was Aleksander Shiryayev, a principal dancer and choreographer at the Imperial Russian Ballet who made a number of pioneering stop motion and traditionally animated films between 1906 and 1909.", "History of Russian animation __knowledge__ He built an improvised studio at his apartment where he carefully recreated various ballets — first by making thousands of sketches and then by staging them using hand-made puppets; he shot them using the 17.5 mm Biokam camera, frame by frame.", "CGI Group __knowledge__ CGI Group Inc. (Consultants to Government and Industries), more commonly known as CGI, is a Canadian global information technology (IT) consulting, systems integration, outsourcing, and solutions company headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "CGI Group __knowledge__ Founded in 1976 by Serge Godin and André Imbeau as an IT consulting firm, the company soon began branching into new markets and acquiring other companies.", "CGI Group __knowledge__ CGI went public in 1986 with a primary listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange.", "CGI Group __knowledge__ CGI is also a constituent of the S&P/TSX 60, and has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.", "CGI Group __knowledge__ After almost doubling in size with the 1998 acquisition of Bell Sygma, CGI acquired IMRGlobal in 2001 for $438 million, which added \"global delivery options\" for CGI.", "Fleischer Studios __knowledge__ Fleischer Studios () was an American corporation which originated as an animation studio located at 1600 Broadway, New York City, New York.", "Fleischer Studios __knowledge__ It was founded in 1921 as Inkwell Studios by brothers Max Fleischer and Dave Fleischer who ran the pioneering company from its inception until Paramount Pictures, the studio's parent company and the distributor of its films, acquired ownership.", "Fleischer Studios __knowledge__ In its prime, Fleischer Studios was a premier producer of animated cartoons for theaters, with Walt Disney Productions's becoming its chief competitor in the 1930s.", "Fleischer Studios __knowledge__ Fleischer Studios is notable for Koko the Clown, Betty Boop, Bimbo, Popeye the Sailor, and Superman.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique where each frame is drawn by hand.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The technique was the dominant form of animation in cinema until the advent of computer animation.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ Animation productions begin by deciding on a story.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The oral or literary source material must then be converted into an animation film script, from which the storyboard is derived.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The storyboard has an appearance somewhat similar to a comic book, and it shows the sequence of shots as consecutive sketches that also indicate transitions, camera angles, and framing.", "Lat __knowledge__ Datuk Mohammad Nor Khalid (Jawi: محمد نور خالد), more commonly known as Lat, (born 5 March 1951) is a Malaysian cartoonist.", "Lat __knowledge__ Winner of the Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize in 2002, Lat has published more than 20 volumes of cartoons since he was 13 years old.", "Lat __knowledge__ His works mostly illustrate Malaysia's social and political scenes, portraying them in a comedic light without bias.", "Lat __knowledge__ Lat's best known work is \"The Kampung Boy\" (1979), which is published in several countries across the world.", "Lat __knowledge__ In 1994, the Sultan of Perak bestowed the honorific title of \"datuk\" on Lat, in recognition of the cartoonist's work in helping to promote social harmony and understanding through his cartoons.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts.", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This article discusses the characters in The Realm of the Elderlings, a fictional world created by Robin Hobb for her book series The Farseer Trilogy, The Liveship Traders Trilogy, The Tawny Man Trilogy, The Rain Wild Chronicles, and the Fitz and the Fool Trilogy .", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This page does not attempt to be a comprehensive listing of all the characters and their histories, but a general overview of the most important ones.", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ It is the tradition of the Six Duchies to name children after a virtue.", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This is thought to impress the importance of the virtue on the child so that he or she will grow up embodying that virtue.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared in the first series of school drama \"Waterloo Road\", in order of first appearance.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The series ran for eight episodes from March 9 to April 27, 2006.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ The first episode introduces the main cast, which consists of members of staff at the school.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ Headed up by newly promoted Headmaster Jack Rimmer, Deputy Head Andrew Treneman and Head of Pastoral Care Kim Campbell, the main cast also includes English teachers Izzie Redpath, Tom Clarkson and Lorna Dickey and French teacher Steph Haydock.", "List of Waterloo Road characters (series 1) __knowledge__ Head of English Grantly Budgen and school secretary Estelle Cooper feature as supporting characters, along with Izzie's children Chlo and Mika and Chlo's boyfriend Donte Charles.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ \"Tom and Jerry\" then became the highest-grossing animated short film series of that time, overtaking \"Looney Tunes\".", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Chuck Jones then produced another 34 shorts with Sib Tower 12 Productions between 1963 and 1967.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Three more shorts were produced, \"\" in 2001, \"The Karate Guard\" in 2005, and \"A Fundraising Adventure\" in 2014, making a total of 164 shorts.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Various shorts have been released for home media since the 1990s.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ A number of spin-offs have been made, including the television series \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (1975), \"The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show\" (1980–82), \"Tom and Jerry Kids\" (1990–93), \"Tom and Jerry Tales\" (2006–08), and \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (2014–present).", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer J. Fudd is a fictional cartoon character and one of the most famous \"Looney Tunes\" characters, and the \"de facto\" archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He has one of the more disputed origins in the Warner Bros. cartoon pantheon (second only to Bugs himself).", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ His aim is to hunt Bugs, but he usually ends up seriously injuring himself and other antagonizing characters.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He speaks in an unusual way, replacing his Rs and Ls with Ws, so he always refers to Bugs Bunny as a \"wabbit\".", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer's signature catchphrase is, \"Shhh.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Be vewy vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits\", as well as his trademark laughter.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ The best known Elmer Fudd cartoons include Chuck Jones' masterpiece \"What's Opera, Doc?\"", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character; created in 1940 by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Due to his popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit who is famous for his flippant, personality.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase \"Eh... What's up, doc?\".", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Yosemite Sam is an American animated cartoon character in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Animation.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ The name is somewhat alliterative and is inspired by Yosemite National Park.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Along with Elmer Fudd, he is the de facto archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ He is commonly depicted as an extremely aggressive gunslinging prospector, outlaw, pirate, or cowboy with a hair-trigger temper and an intense hatred of rabbits, Bugs particularly.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ In cartoons with non-Western themes, he uses various aliases, including \"Chilkoot Sam\" (named for the Chilkoot Trail; Sam pronounces it \"Chilli-koot\") in \"14 Carrot Rabbit\" (although in the same cartoon, when he tries to gain Bugs Bunny's trust, he cleverly invents the alias \"Square-deal Sam\"), \"Riff Raff Sam\" in \"Sahara Hare\", \"Sam Schultz\" in \"Big House Bunny\", \"Seagoin' Sam\" in \"Buccaneer Bunny\", \"Shanghai Sam\" in \"Mutiny on the Bunny\", and \"Von Schamm the Hessian\" in \"Bunker Hill Bunny\" and many others.", "Superman &amp; Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Superman & Bugs Bunny is a four-issue comics miniseries released in 2000 by DC Comics.", "Superman &amp; Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ In Metropolis, Clark Kent and Lois Lane are investigating reports of a mysterious giant plane (the work of the villainous Toyman) when they encounter Mr. Mxyzptlk.", "Superman &amp; Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He causes a 'Czarbucks' coffee shop to grow out of the ground like a plant and begins to \"seed\" the whole city with similar pointless businesses.", "Superman &amp; Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Clark switches to Superman to pursue him, but ultimately uses his civilian identity to trick Mxyzptlk into saying his name backwards (by getting him to read a list to which Clark has added \"Kltpzyxm\").", "Superman &amp; Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Meanwhile, \"in a forest on the edge of some other city in some other universe\", Elmer Fudd corners Bugs Bunny.", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ Hare Brush is a 1955 Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" animated short, featuring Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd.", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ \"Hare Brush\" pokes fun at Freudian psychoanalysis, psychiatric medication, hypnosis, and the cliches of other Bugs Bunny shorts.", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ Along with \"What's Opera, Doc?\"", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ and \"Rabbit Rampage\", it is one of the first three cartoons where Elmer Fudd defeats Bugs Bunny.", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ In the boardroom of the Elmer J. Fudd Corporation, the board of directors meets to discuss a serious threat to the company's future.", "Hare Brush __knowledge__ The CEO, Elmer Fudd, is suffering from mental illness and believes himself to be a rabbit (but at least his speech has improved).", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Honey Bunny is a female rabbit cartoon character and the ex-girlfriend of Bugs Bunny.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The character, designed by Robert McKimson, was used for merchandising purposes beginning in the late 1960s.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ An early version of Honey Bunny first appeared in the \"Bugs Bunny's Album\" comic book from 1953.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Instead of being portrayed as his love interest, this version of Honey Bunny is a small white rabbit (and famous African explorer) who is his cousin.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The better-known version of Honey Bunny debuted in \"Bugs Bunny Comic Book\" #108 (November 1966) and was a semi-regular fixture in the series of \"Looney Tunes\" comic books published by Gold Key throughout the 1960s and 1970s, usually co-starring with Bugs Bunny.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ A Wild Hare (re-released as The Wild Hare) is a 1940 Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" animated short film.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ It was produced by Leon Schlesinger Productions, directed by Tex Avery, and written by Rich Hogan.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ It was originally released on July 27, 1940.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ \"A Wild Hare\" is considered by most film historians to be the first \"official\" Bugs Bunny cartoon.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"wild hair\", the first of many puns between \"hare\" and \"hair\" that would appear in Bugs Bunny titles.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ The pun is carried further by a bar of \"I'm Just Wild About Harry\" playing in the underscore of the opening credits.", "A Wild Hare __knowledge__ Various directors at the Warner Bros. cartoon studio had been experimenting with cartoons focused on a hunter pursuing a rabbit since 1938, with varied approaches to the characters of both rabbit and hunter.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ American comic book publishing company DC Comics has introduced many characters throughout its history, including numerous minor characters.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ These characters range from supporting characters, heroes and villains that appear infrequently, to characters that only take part in a single story.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Airstryke is a supervillain in the DC Universe.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Within the context of the stories, William Kavanagh was given the ability to transform into a pterosaur/man hybrid by a weapons company named Meta/Tech and he took the name Airstryke.", "List of minor DC Comics characters __knowledge__ Count Viper took advantage of these new abilities and used Airstryke to distract Hawkman while Viper tried to take command of the Justice League and thus the world.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ Marissa Tasker is a fictional character on the soap opera, \"All My Children\".", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Brittany Allen from April 21, 2009 to December 21, 2010 and by Sarah Glendening from December 27, 2010 to September 23, 2011.", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ Marissa is the biological daughter of David Hayward and Krystal Carey, and was born on April 10, 1983, along with her deceased twin sister Arabella \"Babe\" Carey.", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ Krystal finds Marissa working at an illegal massage parlor to pay for her college tuition.", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ After Krystal accidentally gets her fired, the two are arrested and Krystal offers to pay for Marissa's tuition.", "Marissa Tasker __knowledge__ Marissa follows Krystal back to Pine Valley, Pennsylvania, and moves in with Krystal and her husband David.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ Who Framed Roger Rabbit is a 1988 American live-action/animated fantasy film directed by Robert Zemeckis, produced by Frank Marshall and Robert Watts, and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The film is based on Gary K. Wolf's 1981 novel \"Who Censored Roger Rabbit?\"", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The film stars Bob Hoskins, Christopher Lloyd, Charles Fleischer, Stubby Kaye, and Joanna Cassidy.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ Combining live-action and animation, the film is set in Hollywood during the late 1940s, where animated characters and people co-exist.", "Who Framed Roger Rabbit __knowledge__ The story follows Eddie Valiant, a private detective who must exonerate \"Toon\" Roger Rabbit, who is accused of murdering a wealthy businessman.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ \"Tom and Jerry\" then became the highest-grossing animated short film series of that time, overtaking \"Looney Tunes\".", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Chuck Jones then produced another 34 shorts with Sib Tower 12 Productions between 1963 and 1967.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Three more shorts were produced, \"\" in 2001, \"The Karate Guard\" in 2005, and \"A Fundraising Adventure\" in 2014, making a total of 164 shorts.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Various shorts have been released for home media since the 1990s.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ A number of spin-offs have been made, including the television series \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (1975), \"The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show\" (1980–82), \"Tom and Jerry Kids\" (1990–93), \"Tom and Jerry Tales\" (2006–08), and \"The Tom and Jerry Show\" (2014–present).", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ \"Pretty Girl Rock\" is a song by American R&B recording artist Keri Hilson, taken from her second studio album, \"No Boys Allowed\" (2010).", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single internationally and was the second single from that album released in the United States.", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ The song was written by Ne-Yo and Chuck Harmony, who also handled its production.", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ It includes a sample of \"Just the Two of Us\", which was written by Bill Withers, William Salter and Ralph MacDonald.", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ \"Pretty Girl Rock\" is a mid-tempo R&B song that features a slinky piano and bouncy R&B beats.", "Pretty Girl Rock __knowledge__ The lyrics deliver messages of self-love and female empowerment.", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ The Popular Association – Golden Dawn (, \"Laïkós Sýndesmos – Chrysí Avgí\"), usually known simply as Golden Dawn (, \"Chrysí Avgí\" ), is an ultranationalist, far-right political party in Greece.", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ It is led by Nikolaos Michaloliakos.", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ Scholars and media have described it as neo-Nazi and fascist, though the group rejects these labels.", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ Members have expressed admiration of the former Greek dictator Ioannis Metaxas of the 4th of August Regime (1936–1941).", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ They have also made use of alleged Nazi symbolism, and have praised figures of Nazi Germany in the past.", "Golden Dawn (political party) __knowledge__ According to academic sources, the group is racist and xenophobic, and the party's leader has openly identified it as nationalist and racist.", "The Great Ziegfeld __knowledge__ The Great Ziegfeld is a 1936 American musical drama film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and produced by Hunt Stromberg.", "The Great Ziegfeld __knowledge__ It stars William Powell as the theatrical impresario Florenz \"Flo\" Ziegfeld, Jr., Luise Rainer as Anna Held, and Myrna Loy as Billie Burke.", "The Great Ziegfeld __knowledge__ The film, shot at MGM Studios in Culver City, California in the fall of 1935, is a fictionalized tribute to Florenz Ziegfeld, Jr. and a cinematic adaption of Broadway's Ziegfeld Follies, with highly elaborate costumes, dances and sets.", "The Great Ziegfeld __knowledge__ Many of the performers of the theatrical Ziegfeld Follies were cast in the film as themselves, including Fanny Brice and Harriet Hoctor, and the real Billie Burke acted as a supervisor for the film.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ Nikolaos G. Michaloliakos (, ; born 16 December 1957) is the founder and leader of the far-right Golden Dawn party.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ In September 2013, he was arrested on charges of forming a criminal organization and was released in July 2015.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ The trial is ongoing as of 2017.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ Michaloliakos was born in Athens in 1957.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ According to his party, he completed his studies at the Faculty of Mathematics of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ At the age of 16, he joined the nationalist 4th of August Party of Konstantinos Plevris.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ He also participated in the Athens local organisation of EOKA-B.", "Nikolaos Michaloliakos __knowledge__ He was arrested for the first time in July 1974, during a protest outside the British embassy in Athens, against the stance of the United Kingdom toward the Turkish invasion of Cyprus.", "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody __knowledge__ \"A Pretty Girl Is Like A Melody\" is a popular song written by Irving Berlin in 1919 which became the theme song of the Ziegfeld \"Follies\".", "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody __knowledge__ The first verse and refrain are considered part of the Great American Songbook and are often covered as a jazz standard.", "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody __knowledge__ The portion of the song composed entirely by Berlin and published as sheet music comprised the first verse and refrain of the original stage number.", "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody __knowledge__ The refrain begins, \"A pretty girl is like a melody / That haunts you night and day\", a summary of the song's extended simile.", "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody __knowledge__ The refrain is better known than the introductory verse, which Rubins calls \"mercifully little-known\".", "Coney Island (1917 film) __knowledge__ Coney Island (also known as Fatty at Coney Island) is a 1917 American silent short comedy film written and directed by Roscoe \"Fatty\" Arbuckle, and starring Arbuckle and Buster Keaton.", "Coney Island (1917 film) __knowledge__ Fatty has been dragged along to Coney Island by his wife who insists they spend their time together on the beach.", "Coney Island (1917 film) __knowledge__ Getting inspiration from a dog digging a hole in the sand, Fatty ditches his wife by burying himself in the sand then making a run for the amusement park as she searches for him.", "Coney Island (1917 film) __knowledge__ Fatty's wife enlists the help of an old friend (Al St. John, referred to as \"Old Friend\") who enters the park to look for Fatty, however once inside he notices an attractive young lady (Alice Mann, referred to as \"Pretty Girl\") who is there on a date with a young man (Buster Keaton, referred to as \"Rival\") and promptly woos her into entering the park with him rather than Rival, leaving the latter distraught.", "Once More, with Feeling (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) __knowledge__ \"Once More, with Feeling\" is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the supernatural drama television series \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" (1997–2003) and the only one in the series performed as a musical.", "Once More, with Feeling (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) __knowledge__ It was written and directed by the show's creator, Joss Whedon, and originally aired on UPN in the United States on November 6, 2001.", "Once More, with Feeling (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) __knowledge__ \"Once More, with Feeling\" explores changes in the relationships of the main characters, using the plot device that a demon—credited as \"Sweet\" but unnamed in the episode—compels the people of Sunnydale to break into song at random moments to express hidden truths.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character; created in 1940 by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Due to his popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit who is famous for his flippant, personality.", "Bugs Bunny __knowledge__ He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase \"Eh... What's up, doc?\".", "The Bugs Bunny Show __knowledge__ The Bugs Bunny Show is an animated television anthology series hosted by Bugs Bunny, that was mainly composed of \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" cartoons released by Warner Bros. between August 1, 1948 and the end of 1969.", "The Bugs Bunny Show __knowledge__ The show originally debuted as a primetime half-hour program on ABC in 1960, featuring three theatrical Warner Bros. cartoons with new linking sequences produced by the Warner Bros. Cartoons staff.", "The Bugs Bunny Show __knowledge__ After two seasons, \"The Bugs Bunny Show\" moved to Saturday mornings, where it remained in one format or another for nearly four decades.", "The Bugs Bunny Show __knowledge__ The show's title and length changed regularly over the years, as did the network: both ABC and CBS broadcast versions of \"The Bugs Bunny Show\".", "Bugs Bunny: Superstar __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny: Superstar is a 1975 \"Looney Tunes\" documentary film narrated by Orson Welles and produced and directed by Larry Jackson.", "Bugs Bunny: Superstar __knowledge__ It was the first documentary to examine the history of the Warner Bros. cartoons, and includes nine \"Looney Tunes\"/\"Merrie Melodies\" cartoons (six featuring Bugs Bunny) which were previously released during the 1940s: \"Bugs Bunny: Superstar\" includes interviews with some legendary Warner Bros. animation directors of that period: Friz Freleng, Tex Avery and most prominently Bob Clampett.", "Bugs Bunny: Superstar __knowledge__ Clampett, whose collection of drawings, films, and memorabilia from the golden days of Termite Terrace was legendary, provided nearly all of the behind-the-scenes drawings and home-movie footage for the film; furthermore, his wife, Sody Clampett, is credited as the film's production co-ordinator.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Yosemite Sam is an American animated cartoon character in the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Animation.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ The name is somewhat alliterative and is inspired by Yosemite National Park.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ Along with Elmer Fudd, he is the de facto archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ He is commonly depicted as an extremely aggressive gunslinging prospector, outlaw, pirate, or cowboy with a hair-trigger temper and an intense hatred of rabbits, Bugs particularly.", "Yosemite Sam __knowledge__ In cartoons with non-Western themes, he uses various aliases, including \"Chilkoot Sam\" (named for the Chilkoot Trail; Sam pronounces it \"Chilli-koot\") in \"14 Carrot Rabbit\" (although in the same cartoon, when he tries to gain Bugs Bunny's trust, he cleverly invents the alias \"Square-deal Sam\"), \"Riff Raff Sam\" in \"Sahara Hare\", \"Sam Schultz\" in \"Big House Bunny\", \"Seagoin' Sam\" in \"Buccaneer Bunny\", \"Shanghai Sam\" in \"Mutiny on the Bunny\", and \"Von Schamm the Hessian\" in \"Bunker Hill Bunny\" and many others.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Honey Bunny is a female rabbit cartoon character and the ex-girlfriend of Bugs Bunny.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The character, designed by Robert McKimson, was used for merchandising purposes beginning in the late 1960s.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ An early version of Honey Bunny first appeared in the \"Bugs Bunny's Album\" comic book from 1953.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ Instead of being portrayed as his love interest, this version of Honey Bunny is a small white rabbit (and famous African explorer) who is his cousin.", "Honey Bunny __knowledge__ The better-known version of Honey Bunny debuted in \"Bugs Bunny Comic Book\" #108 (November 1966) and was a semi-regular fixture in the series of \"Looney Tunes\" comic books published by Gold Key throughout the 1960s and 1970s, usually co-starring with Bugs Bunny.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer J. Fudd is a fictional cartoon character and one of the most famous \"Looney Tunes\" characters, and the \"de facto\" archenemy of Bugs Bunny.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He has one of the more disputed origins in the Warner Bros. cartoon pantheon (second only to Bugs himself).", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ His aim is to hunt Bugs, but he usually ends up seriously injuring himself and other antagonizing characters.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ He speaks in an unusual way, replacing his Rs and Ls with Ws, so he always refers to Bugs Bunny as a \"wabbit\".", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Elmer's signature catchphrase is, \"Shhh.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ Be vewy vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits\", as well as his trademark laughter.", "Elmer Fudd __knowledge__ The best known Elmer Fudd cartoons include Chuck Jones' masterpiece \"What's Opera, Doc?\"", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ Wile E. Coyote (also known simply as \"The Coyote\") and the Road Runner are a duo of characters from the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ In the cartoons, the Coyote repeatedly attempts to catch and subsequently eat the Road Runner, a fast-running ground bird, but is never successful.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ Instead of his species' animal instincts, the Coyote uses absurdly complex contraptions (sometimes in the manner of Rube Goldberg) and elaborate plans to pursue his prey, resulting in his devices comically backfiring with the Coyote often getting injured in slapstick fashion.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ One running gag involves the Coyote trying in vain to shield himself with a little parasol against a great falling boulder that is about to crush him." ] ]

[ 16, 51, 20, 0 ]

[ "I loved that show. Tom was never a match for Jerry's wit!", "I agree! I love the art style as well. I miss the vibe of those old toons. I loved how Jerry possessed a surprising strength for his size!", "I loved Bugs Bunny, his personality was so flippant.", "No, I don't recall that one! I'll have to look for it." ]

[ "Tom and Jerry", "Tom and Jerry", "Tom and Jerry", "Tom and Jerry" ]

[ "Microsoft\nI have a windows computer and a mac. I can't help but like microsoft less after using both.", "I do like Bill Gates though, he's done good things after leaving.", "Interesting. Their history is fascinating.", "Pretty sure Allen was the brains of the operation." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft Corporation (, abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and services.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft Office suite, and the Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ As of 2016, it is the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The word \"Microsoft\" is a portmanteau of \"microcomputer\" and \"software\".", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions—their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December 2016, followed by Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May 2011. , Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC-compatible operating system market and the office software suite market, although it has lost the majority of the overall operating system market to Android.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ The Macintosh ( ; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ The original Macintosh was the company's first mass-market personal computer that featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen and mouse.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ Apple sold the Macintosh alongside its popular Apple II family of computers for almost ten years before the latter was cancelled in 1993.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ Early Macintosh models were expensive, hindering its competitiveness in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ Windows NT 3.1 is a 32-bit operating system developed by Microsoft, and released on July 27, 1993.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ It was the first published edition of the Windows NT series of operating systems.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ At the time of Windows NT's release, Microsoft's Windows 3.1 desktop environment had established brand recognition and market share; but Windows 3.1 relied on the DOS operating system for essential functions, and it had a constrictive 16-bit architecture.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ Windows NT, however, was a complete, 32-bit operating system that retained a desktop environment familiar to Windows 3.1 users.", "Windows NT 3.1 __knowledge__ By extending the Windows brand and beginning Windows NT at version 3.1, Microsoft implied that consumers should expect a familiar user experience.", "List of macOS components __knowledge__ This is a list of macOS components, features that are included in the current Mac operating system.", "List of macOS components __knowledge__ Automator is an application developed by Apple Inc. for macOS that implements point-and-click (or drag and drop) creation of workflows for automating repetitive tasks into batches for quicker alteration, thus saving time and effort over human intervention to manually change each file separately.", "List of macOS components __knowledge__ Automator enables the repetition of tasks across a wide variety of programs, including Finder, Safari, Calendar, Contacts and others.", "List of macOS components __knowledge__ It can also work with third-party applications such as Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop or Pixelmator.", "Hyper-V __knowledge__ Microsoft Hyper-V, codenamed Viridian and formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a native hypervisor; it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows.", "Hyper-V __knowledge__ Starting with Windows 8, Hyper-V superseded Windows Virtual PC as the hardware virtualization component of the client editions of Windows NT.", "Hyper-V __knowledge__ A server computer running Hyper-V can be configured to expose individual virtual machines to one or more networks.", "Hyper-V __knowledge__ Hyper-V was first released alongside Windows Server 2008, and has been available without charge for all the Windows Server and some client operating systems since.", "Microsoft Office __knowledge__ Microsoft Office is an office suite of applications, servers, and services developed by Microsoft.", "Microsoft Office __knowledge__ It was first announced by Bill Gates on 1 August 1988, at COMDEX in Las Vegas.", "Microsoft Office __knowledge__ Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint.", "Microsoft Office __knowledge__ Over the years, Office applications have grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, OLE data integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting language.", "Microsoft Office __knowledge__ Microsoft also positions Office as a development platform for line-of-business software under the Office Business Applications brand.", "Mac gaming __knowledge__ Mac gaming refers to use of video games on Macintosh personal computers.", "Mac gaming __knowledge__ In the 1990s, Apple computers did not attract the same level of video game development as Windows computers due to the high popularity of Windows and, for 3D gaming, Microsoft's DirectX technology.", "Mac gaming __knowledge__ In recent years, the introduction of Mac OS X and support for Intel processors has eased porting of many games, including 3D games through use of OpenGL and more recently Apple's own Metal API.", "Mac gaming __knowledge__ Virtualization technology and Boot Camp also permit the use of Windows and its games on Macintosh computers.", "Mac gaming __knowledge__ Today, a growing number of popular games run natively on MacOS, though as of early 2018, a majority still require the use of Windows." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft Corporation (, abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and services.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft Office suite, and the Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ As of 2016, it is the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The word \"Microsoft\" is a portmanteau of \"microcomputer\" and \"software\".", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions—their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December 2016, followed by Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May 2011. , Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC-compatible operating system market and the office software suite market, although it has lost the majority of the overall operating system market to Android.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian and co-founder of the Microsoft Corporation along with Paul Allen.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ In 1975, Gates and Allen launched Microsoft, which became the world's largest PC software company.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of chairman, CEO and chief software architect, while also being the largest individual shareholder until May 2014.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ Gates stepped down as chief executive officer of Microsoft in January 2000, but he remained as chairman and created the position of chief software architect for himself.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft is a multinational computer technology corporation.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded on April 4, 1975, by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Its current best-selling products are the Microsoft Windows operating system, Microsoft Office suite of productivity software, Xbox, a line of entertainment of games, music and video, and Bing, a line of search engines.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ In 1980, Microsoft formed a partnership with IBM to bundle Microsoft's operating system with IBM computers; with that deal, IBM paid Microsoft a royalty for every sale.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ In 1985, IBM requested Microsoft to develop a new operating system for their computers called OS/2.", "Pirates of Silicon Valley __knowledge__ Pirates of Silicon Valley is an original 1999 American made for television biographical drama film, directed by Martyn Burke and starring Noah Wyle as Steve Jobs and Anthony Michael Hall as Bill Gates.", "Pirates of Silicon Valley __knowledge__ Spanning the years 1971–1997 and based on Paul Freiberger and Michael Swaine's 1984 book \"Fire in the Valley: The Making of the Personal Computer, \"it explores the impact of the rivalry between Jobs (Apple Computer) and Gates (Microsoft) on the development of the personal computer.", "Pirates of Silicon Valley __knowledge__ Steve Jobs (Noah Wyle) is speaking with director Ridley Scott (J. G. Hertzler), about the creation of the 1984 commercial for , which introduced the first Macintosh.", "Steve Ballmer __knowledge__ Steven Anthony Ballmer (; born March 24, 1956) is an American businessman, investor and philanthropist who was the chief executive officer of Microsoft from January 2000 to February 2014, and is the current owner of the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Steve Ballmer __knowledge__ , his personal wealth is estimated at US$38.7 billion, ranking him the 21st richest person in the world.", "Steve Ballmer __knowledge__ Ballmer was hired by Bill Gates at Microsoft in 1980 after dropping out of Stanford University.", "Steve Ballmer __knowledge__ He eventually became President in 1998, and replaced Gates as CEO in 2000.", "Steve Ballmer __knowledge__ It was announced on August 23, 2013, that he would step down as Microsoft's CEO within 12 months.", "The World's Billionaires __knowledge__ The World's Billionaires is an annual ranking by documented net worth of the world's wealthiest billionaires compiled and published in March annually by the American business magazine \"Forbes\".", "The World's Billionaires __knowledge__ The list was first published in March 1987.", "The World's Billionaires __knowledge__ The total net worth of each individual on the list is estimated and is cited in United States dollars, based on their documented assets and accounting for debt.", "The World's Billionaires __knowledge__ Royalty and dictators whose wealth comes from their positions are excluded from these lists.", "The World's Billionaires __knowledge__ This ranking is an index of the wealthiest documented individuals, excluding and ranking against those with wealth that is not able to be completely ascertained.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ Melinda Ann Gates (née French; born August 15, 1964), DBE is an American philanthropist, former Microsoft employee, and co-founder of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ She worked at Microsoft, where she was project manager for Microsoft Bob, \"Encarta\" and Expedia.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ Melinda Ann French was born on August 15, 1964 in Dallas, Texas.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ She is the second of four children to Raymond Joseph French Jr., an aerospace engineer, and Elaine Agnes Amerland, a homemaker.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ French has an older sister and two younger brothers.", "Melinda Gates __knowledge__ French, a Roman Catholic, attended St. Monica Catholic School, where she was the top student in her class year.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ The Open Letter to Hobbyists was a 1976 open letter written by Bill Gates, the co-founder of Microsoft, to early personal computer hobbyists, in which Gates expresses dismay at the rampant copyright infringement of software taking place in the hobbyist community, particularly with regard to his company's software.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ In the letter, Gates expressed frustration with most computer hobbyists who were using his company's Altair BASIC software without having paid for it.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ He asserted that such widespread unauthorized copying in effect discourages developers from investing time and money in creating high-quality software.", "Notch signaling pathway __knowledge__ The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved cell signaling system present in most multicellular organisms.", "Notch signaling pathway __knowledge__ Mammals possess four different notch receptors, referred to as NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, and NOTCH4.", "Notch signaling pathway __knowledge__ The notch receptor is a single-pass transmembrane receptor protein.", "Notch signaling pathway __knowledge__ It is a hetero-oligomer composed of a large extracellular portion, which associates in a calcium-dependent, non-covalent interaction with a smaller piece of the notch protein composed of a short extracellular region, a single transmembrane-pass, and a small intracellular region.", "Notch signaling pathway __knowledge__ Notch signaling promotes proliferative signaling during neurogenesis, and its activity is inhibited by Numb to promote neural differentiation.", "The Circle (Eggers novel) __knowledge__ The Circle is a 2013 dystopian novel written by American author Dave Eggers.", "The Circle (Eggers novel) __knowledge__ The novel chronicles tech worker Mae Holland as she joins a powerful Internet company, which starts out as an extremely rewarding experience, but as she works there longer, things start to fall apart.", "The Circle (Eggers novel) __knowledge__ The book follows the story of Mae Holland, a recent college graduate who lands a job at The Circle, a powerful technology company run by the so-called \"Three Wise Men.\"", "The Circle (Eggers novel) __knowledge__ Mae owes her job largely to her best friend and college roommate, Annie, one of the forty most influential people in the company.", "The Circle (Eggers novel) __knowledge__ Mae starts out in Customer Experience (CE), the firm's customer service department, but quickly climbs the company ladder.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IPhone X __knowledge__ iPhone X (\"X\" pronounced \"ten\" ) is a smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone X __knowledge__ It was announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus.", "IPhone X __knowledge__ The phone was released on November 3, 2017.", "IPhone X __knowledge__ This iPhone marks the device's tenth anniversary, with \"X\" being the symbol for \"ten\" in Roman numerals.", "IPhone X __knowledge__ The iPhone X is intended to showcase what Apple thinks is technology of the future, specifically adopting OLED screen technology for the first time in iPhone history, as well as using a glass and stainless-steel form factor, offering wireless charging, and removing the home button in favor of introducing Face ID, a new authentication method using advanced technologies to scan the user's face to unlock the device, as well as for the use of animated emojis called Animoji.", "Eccleston Square Hotel __knowledge__ Eccleston Square Hotel is an independently owned boutique hotel located in Pimlico, London, and known for its technology features provided to guests.", "Eccleston Square Hotel __knowledge__ It has been referred to as Europe's most high-tech hotel by Condé Nast Traveler and featured as one of \"Five Hotels With Top-Notch Technology\" by Forbes.", "Eccleston Square Hotel __knowledge__ Eccleston Square Hotel is a grade II listed building and was renovated over a period of 1 year at a cost of £6.5 million.", "Eccleston Square Hotel __knowledge__ The architectural and interior design work for the project was performed by Woods Bagot and opened in August 2011.", "Eccleston Square Hotel __knowledge__ The hotel is operated by Olivia Byrne and her brother James Byrne and is a member of Design Hotels.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ Sugar Notch Run is a tributary of Solomon Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ It is approximately long and flows through Hanover Township, Sugar Notch, and Ashley.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ The watershed of the stream has an area of .", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ The stream is considered to be impaired by abandoned mine drainage for its entire length.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ However, brook trout and various macroinvertebrate taxa inhabit portions of the stream and it is designated as a Coldwater Fishery.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ Coal mining has historically been done in the watershed and a small intake dam was on the stream in the early 1900s.", "Sugar Notch Run __knowledge__ Recreational opportunities in the watershed include the Sugar Notch Trail System and Pennsylvania State Game Lands Number 207.", "Pinkham Notch __knowledge__ Pinkham Notch (elevation 2032 ft. / 619 m) is a mountain pass in the White Mountains of north-central New Hampshire, United States.", "Pinkham Notch __knowledge__ The notch is a result of extensive erosion by the Laurentide ice sheet during the Wisconsinian ice age.", "Pinkham Notch __knowledge__ Pinkham Notch was eroded into a glacial U-shaped valley whose walls are formed by the Presidential, Wildcat, and Carter-Moriah ranges.", "Pinkham Notch __knowledge__ Due to the volatility of the area's climate and rugged character of the terrain, a number of rare or endemic ecosystems have developed throughout the notch.", "Pinkham Notch __knowledge__ The notch was discovered in 1784 by Jeremy Belknap, but its isolation prevented further development for several years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft Corporation (, abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and services.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft Office suite, and the Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ As of 2016, it is the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The word \"Microsoft\" is a portmanteau of \"microcomputer\" and \"software\".", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions—their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December 2016, followed by Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May 2011. , Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC-compatible operating system market and the office software suite market, although it has lost the majority of the overall operating system market to Android.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ Fascinating Rock (foaled 28 March 2011) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ After finishing unplaced on his only appearance as a juvenile he emerged as a high-class middle distance colt in the spring of 2014 with wins in the Ballysax Stakes and the Derrinstown Stud Derby Trial but was well-beaten in both The Derby and the Irish Derby.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ In 2015 he won the Mooresbridge Stakes and the Enterprise Stakes before recording his biggest win in the Champion Stakes.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ In 2016 he won the Tattersalls Gold Cup.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ Fascinating Rock is a bay horse with two white socks bred by his owners, the Newton Anner Stud.", "Fascinating Rock __knowledge__ He was sired by the Australian stallion Fastnet Rock who sired many leading horses including Foxwedge and Atlantic Jewel in the Southern hemisphere before moving to the Coolmore Stud in Ireland.", "Fascinating Aïda __knowledge__ Fascinating Aïda is a British comedy singing group and satirical cabaret act founded in March 1983.", "Fascinating Aïda __knowledge__ The line-up consists of founder member Dillie Keane; Adele Anderson, who joined in 1984, and Liza Pulman, who first joined in 2004.", "Fascinating Aïda __knowledge__ The group received a Perrier Award nomination at the 1984 Edinburgh Festival, and went on to be nominated three times for the Olivier Award for Best Entertainment (1995, 2000 and 2004), and twice for the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revue (2005 and 2010).", "Fascinating Aïda __knowledge__ Keane and Anderson were also nominated for the 2010 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Lyrics.", "Fascinating Aïda __knowledge__ Fascinating Aïda was founded in March 1983 by Dillie Keane, along with Marilyn Cutts and Lizzie Richardson.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ Giles Milton (born 15 January 1966) is a writer who specialises in narrative history.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ His books have been published in twenty languages worldwide and are international best-sellers.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ He has written nine works of non-fiction, a thriller, two comic novels and three books for young children.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ He is best known for his 1999 best-selling title, \"Nathaniel's Nutmeg\", a historical account of the violent struggle between the English and Dutch for control of the world supply of nutmeg in the early 17th century.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ The book was serialised by BBC Radio 4.", "Giles Milton __knowledge__ \"Nathaniel's Nutmeg\" was followed by \"Big Chief Elizabeth\", \"Samurai William\" and \"White Gold\", books of narrative non-fiction that took as their subject matter the pioneering English adventurers in Asia, North Africa and the New World, and then by his 2008, \"Paradise Lost, Smyrna 1922: The Destruction of Islam's City of Tolerance\", which investigated the bloody sacking of Smyrna in September 1922.", "Helen Andelin __knowledge__ Helen Berry Andelin (May 22, 1920 – June 7, 2009) was the founder of the Fascinating Womanhood Movement, beginning with the women's marriage classes she taught in the early 1960s.", "Helen Andelin __knowledge__ Controversial among feminists for its advice toward women's fulfilling traditional marriage roles, her writings are still supported and re-discovered as recently as 2016, with classes still being taught on-line and in seminars.", "Helen Andelin __knowledge__ The year 1920 saw the birth of daughter Helen to Dr. Herbert and Mrs. Anna May Berry of Mesa, Arizona.", "Helen Andelin __knowledge__ Helen was the youngest of seven children in this Latter-day Saint (LDS) household.", "Helen Andelin __knowledge__ In her teens, Helen worked in a malt shop and at her parents' hotel.", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ Fascinating Womanhood is a book written by Helen Andelin in 1963.", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ The book recently went into its sixth edition, published by Random House.", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ The book has sold over 2,000,000 copies and is credited with starting a grassroots movement among women.", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ Derived from a set of booklets published in the 1920s and 1930s by the Psychological Press, the book seeks to help traditionally-minded women to make their marriages \"a lifelong love affair\".", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ According to Time Magazine, Mrs. Andelin wrote \"Fascinating Womanhood\" when \"she felt her own marriage wasn't the romantic love affair she had dreamed of.", "Fascinating Womanhood __knowledge__ The book's self-published edition sold over 400,000 copies, and since being published by Random House, the book has sold more than 2 million-plus copies.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "Gold Trails and Ghost Towns __knowledge__ Gold Trails and Ghost Towns is a historical documentary show first produced for Canadian syndication, created and produced by Kelowna television station CHBC-TV and hosted by Mike Roberts with historian storyteller Bill Barlee.", "Gold Trails and Ghost Towns __knowledge__ The show was filmed in a studio which resembled an old trapper's cabin.", "Gold Trails and Ghost Towns __knowledge__ Mike and Bill discussed history of the old West by prospectors around 1900 in British Columbia.", "Gold Trails and Ghost Towns __knowledge__ Full list of episodes of \"Gold Trails and Ghost Towns\".", "Gold Trails and Ghost Towns __knowledge__ Gold Trails and Ghost Towns Episode List Season 1 1 Sandon - The discovery of silver in the \"Silvery Slocan\" gave rise to this boom town that boasted a population of over 2,000, 24 hotels, and two railroads.", "Ashton-Tate __knowledge__ Ashton-Tate (Ashton-Tate Corporation) was a US-based software company best known for developing the popular dBASE database application.", "Ashton-Tate __knowledge__ Ashton-Tate grew from a small garage-based company to become a multinational corporation.", "Ashton-Tate __knowledge__ Once one of the \"Big Three\" software companies, which included Microsoft and Lotus, the company stumbled and was later sold to Borland in September 1991.", "Ashton-Tate __knowledge__ The history of Ashton-Tate and dBASE are intertwined and as such, must be discussed in parallel.", "Ashton-Tate __knowledge__ In 1978 Martin Marietta programmer Wayne Ratliff wrote Vulcan, a database application, to help him make picks for football pools.", "SAS Institute __knowledge__ SAS Institute (or SAS, pronounced \"sass\") is an American multinational developer of analytics software based in Cary, North Carolina.", "SAS Institute __knowledge__ SAS develops and markets a suite of analytics software (also called SAS), which helps access, manage, analyze and report on data to aid in decision-making.", "SAS Institute __knowledge__ The company is the world's largest privately held software business and its software is used by most of the Fortune 500.", "SAS Institute __knowledge__ SAS has developed a model workplace environment and benefits program designed to retain employees, allow them to focus on their work, and reduce operating costs.", "SAS Institute __knowledge__ It provides on-site, subsidized or free healthcare, gyms, daycare and life counseling services.", "Software patent __knowledge__ A software patent is a patent on a piece of software, such as a computer program, libraries, user interface, or algorithm.", "Software patent __knowledge__ A patent is a set of exclusionary rights granted by a state to a patent holder for a limited period of time, usually 20 years.", "Software patent __knowledge__ These rights are granted to patent applicants in exchange for their disclosure of the inventions.", "Software patent __knowledge__ Once a patent is granted in a given country, no person may make, use, sell or import/export the claimed invention in that country without the permission of the patent holder.", "Software patent __knowledge__ Permission, where granted, is typically in the form of a license which conditions are set by the patent owner: it may be gratis or in return for a royalty payment or lump sum fee.", "Software monetization __knowledge__ Software monetization is a strategy employed by software companies and device vendors to maximize the profitability of their software.", "Software monetization __knowledge__ The software licensing component of this strategy enables software companies and device vendors to simultaneously protect their applications and embedded software from unauthorized copying, distribution, and use, and capture new revenue streams through creative pricing and packaging models.", "Software monetization __knowledge__ Whether a software application is hosted in the cloud, embedded in hardware, or installed on premises, software monetization solutions can help businesses extract the most value from their software.", "GNU General Public License __knowledge__ The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or GPL) is a widely used free software license, which guarantees end users the freedom to run, study, share and modify the software.", "GNU General Public License __knowledge__ The license was originally written by Richard Stallman of the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project, and grants the recipients of a computer program the rights of the Free Software Definition.", "GNU General Public License __knowledge__ The GPL is a copyleft license, which means that derivative work can only be distributed under the same license terms.", "GNU General Public License __knowledge__ This is in distinction to permissive free software licenses, of which the BSD licenses and the MIT License are widely used examples.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It is IBM model number 5150, and was introduced on August 12, 1981.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It was created by a team of engineers and designers under the direction of Don Estridge of the IBM Entry Systems Division in Boca Raton, Florida.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The generic term \"personal computer\" was in use before 1981, applied as early as 1972 to the Xerox PARC's Alto, but because of the success of the IBM Personal Computer, the term \"PC\" came to mean more specifically a desktop microcomputer compatible with IBM's \"Personal Computer\" branded products." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft Corporation (, abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and services.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft Office suite, and the Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ As of 2016, it is the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one of the world's most valuable companies.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The word \"Microsoft\" is a portmanteau of \"microcomputer\" and \"software\".", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ It rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ The company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees.", "Microsoft __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions—their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December 2016, followed by Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May 2011. , Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC-compatible operating system market and the office software suite market, although it has lost the majority of the overall operating system market to Android.", "Uglies series __knowledge__ Uglies is a book series by Scott Westerfeld for young adults.", "Uglies series __knowledge__ Westerfeld originally intended for \"Uglies\" to be a trilogy.", "Uglies series __knowledge__ However, after publishing the series' first three novels, \"Uglies\", \"Pretties\", and \"Specials\", he ultimately wrote an additional fourth book, \"Extras\".", "Uglies series __knowledge__ This fourth book is dedicated \"[t]o everyone who wrote to me to reveal the secret definition of the word 'trilogy'.\"", "Uglies series __knowledge__ The first three novels focus on the exploits of Tally Youngblood.", "Uglies series __knowledge__ In the post-apocalyptic future society where Tally lives, teenagers, upon reaching their sixteenth birthday, undergo a surgery to mold them into a so-called “Pretty.” When Tally’s new friend Shay runs away to the Smoke, a secret refuge for those who oppose the city’s government, the future of Tally’s own operation becomes uncertain.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ Lego Power Miners was a product range – or \"theme\" – of the construction toy Lego.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ It was influenced by the previous 1999 Lego Rock Raiders line.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ Power Miners is based beneath the surface of the Lego World, wherein a team of 'Power Miners' investigate the cause of a series of severe earthquakes and discover both Rock Monsters and Energy Crystals.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ The theme was released originally in 2009.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ It was a theme introduced in 2009 and discontinued in 2010.", "Lego Power Miners __knowledge__ The Power Miners (Doc, Duke, Rex, and Brains) are sent underground by the government to investigate a series of earthquakes occurring in the Southwest Region of the U.S that have destroyed several cities on the surface of the Lego World.", "United States Senate elections, 2006 __knowledge__ The United States Senate elections, 2006 were held on November 7, 2006, with all 33 Class 1 Senate seats being contested.", "United States Senate elections, 2006 __knowledge__ The term of office for those elected in 2006 ran from January 3, 2007, to January 3, 2013.", "United States Senate elections, 2006 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, the Republican Party controlled 55 of the 100 Senate seats.", "United States Senate elections, 2006 __knowledge__ The Senate elections were part of the Democratic sweep of the 2006 elections, in which Democrats made numerous gains and no Congressional or gubernatorial seat held by a Democrat was won by a Republican.", "United States Senate elections, 2006 __knowledge__ One Democratic incumbent however was defeated in a primary but then went on to be reelected on a third party ticket.", "Fluctuation theorem __knowledge__ The fluctuation theorem (FT), which originated from statistical mechanics, deals with the relative probability that the entropy of a system which is currently away from thermodynamic equilibrium (i.e., maximum entropy) will increase or decrease over a given amount of time.", "Fluctuation theorem __knowledge__ While the second law of thermodynamics predicts that the entropy of an isolated system should tend to increase until it reaches equilibrium, it became apparent after the discovery of statistical mechanics that the second law is only a statistical one, suggesting that there should always be some nonzero probability that the entropy of an isolated system might spontaneously \"decrease\"; the fluctuation theorem precisely quantifies this probability.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "Radio Bemba Sound System __knowledge__ Radio Bemba Sound System is a live album by Manu Chao that was released in 2002.", "Radio Bemba Sound System __knowledge__ It is the accompanying CD to the performer's live DVD \"Babylonia en Guagua\", filmed over two nights (4–5 September) in 2001 during the tour for \"\".", "Radio Bemba Sound System __knowledge__ Many of the songs found on \"Radio Bemba Sound System\", such as \"Machine Gun\", \"Peligro\",\"Mala Vida\",\"King Kong Five\" and \"The Monkey\", are songs originally recorded by Manu Chao's previous band, Mano Negra.", "Radio Bemba Sound System __knowledge__ However the arrangements performed with \"Radio Bemba Sound System\" are more reggae-, ska-, and rock-oriented.", "Radio Bemba Sound System __knowledge__ Radio Bemba Sound System is also the name of Manu Chao's backing band, named for the communication system used in the Sierra Maestra by the Castro-and-Guevara-led rebels in the Cuban Revolution.", "Manu Chao __knowledge__ Manu Chao (; born José-Manuel Thomas Arthur Chao, June 21, 1961) is a French-born musician of Spanish origin.", "Manu Chao __knowledge__ He sings in French, Spanish, English, Italian, Arabic, Catalan, Galician, Portuguese and occasionally in other languages.", "Manu Chao __knowledge__ Chao began his musical career in Paris, busking and playing with groups such as Hot Pants and Los Carayos, which combined a variety of languages and musical styles.", "Manu Chao __knowledge__ With friends and his brother Antoine Chao, he founded the band Mano Negra in 1987, achieving considerable success, particularly in Europe.", "Manu Chao __knowledge__ He became a solo artist after its breakup in 1995, and since then tours regularly with his live band, Radio Bemba.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21, 1953) is an American business magnate, investor and philanthropist.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ He co-founded Microsoft alongside Bill Gates.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ In June 2017, he was estimated to be the 46th richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of $20.7 billion.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ Allen is the founder and Chairman of Vulcan Inc., which manages his various business and philanthropic efforts.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ Allen has a multibillion-dollar investment portfolio including technology and media companies, real estate holdings, and stakes in other companies.", "Paul Allen __knowledge__ He owns two professional sports teams: the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League and the Portland Trail Blazers of the National Basketball Association, and is part-owner of the Seattle Sounders FC, which joined Major League Soccer in 2009.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian and co-founder of the Microsoft Corporation along with Paul Allen.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ In 1975, Gates and Allen launched Microsoft, which became the world's largest PC software company.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of chairman, CEO and chief software architect, while also being the largest individual shareholder until May 2014.", "Bill Gates __knowledge__ Gates stepped down as chief executive officer of Microsoft in January 2000, but he remained as chairman and created the position of chief software architect for himself.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) was an American electronics company founded in Albuquerque, New Mexico that began manufacturing electronic calculators in 1971 and personal computers in 1975.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ Ed Roberts and Forrest Mims founded MITS in December 1969 to produce miniaturized telemetry modules for model rockets such as a roll rate sensor.", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ In 1971, Roberts redirected the company into the electronic calculator market and the MITS 816 desktop calculator kit was featured on the November 1971 cover of \"Popular Electronics\".", "Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems __knowledge__ The calculators were very successful and sales topped one million dollars in 1973.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ The Open Letter to Hobbyists was a 1976 open letter written by Bill Gates, the co-founder of Microsoft, to early personal computer hobbyists, in which Gates expresses dismay at the rampant copyright infringement of software taking place in the hobbyist community, particularly with regard to his company's software.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ In the letter, Gates expressed frustration with most computer hobbyists who were using his company's Altair BASIC software without having paid for it.", "Open Letter to Hobbyists __knowledge__ He asserted that such widespread unauthorized copying in effect discourages developers from investing time and money in creating high-quality software.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft is a multinational computer technology corporation.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Microsoft was founded on April 4, 1975, by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ Its current best-selling products are the Microsoft Windows operating system, Microsoft Office suite of productivity software, Xbox, a line of entertainment of games, music and video, and Bing, a line of search engines.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ In 1980, Microsoft formed a partnership with IBM to bundle Microsoft's operating system with IBM computers; with that deal, IBM paid Microsoft a royalty for every sale.", "History of Microsoft __knowledge__ In 1985, IBM requested Microsoft to develop a new operating system for their computers called OS/2.", "Ed Roberts (computer engineer) __knowledge__ Henry Edward \"Ed\" Roberts (September 13, 1941 – April 1, 2010) was an American engineer, entrepreneur and medical doctor who invented the first commercially successful personal computer in 1975.", "Ed Roberts (computer engineer) __knowledge__ He is most often known as \"the father of the personal computer\".", "Ed Roberts (computer engineer) __knowledge__ He founded Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) in 1970 to sell electronics kits to model rocketry hobbyists, but the first successful product was an electronic calculator kit that was featured on the cover of the November 1971 issue of \"Popular Electronics\".", "Ed Roberts (computer engineer) __knowledge__ The calculators were very successful and sales topped one million dollars in 1973." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 7, 47 ]

[ "Me either. They are a top notch technology company. ", "Yeah, Microsoft now makes the most revenue among software companies.", "Yeah, Paul Allen also co-founded the company with Bill gates on April 4, 1975.", "He's worth a fortune now. He's considered the 46th richest person in the world!" ]

[ "Microsoft", "Microsoft", "Microsoft", "Microsoft" ]

[ "Environmental engineering", "Oh wow what does you job entail?", "Oh dang that sounds quite important. thats cool.", "Seems like a very demanding and important job" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ The safety of electronic cigarettes is uncertain.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ There is little data about their safety, and considerable variability among e-cigarettes and in their liquid ingredients and thus the contents of the aerosol delivered to the user.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ Reviews on the safety of e-cigarettes have reached significantly different conclusions.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ A 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) report cautioned about potential risks of using e-cigarettes.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ Regulated US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) products such as nicotine inhalers are likely safer than e-cigarettes.", "Safety of electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ A systematic review suggests that e-cigarettes are less harmful than smoking and since they contain no tobacco and do not involve combustion, users may avoid several harmful constituents usually found in tobacco smoke.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ In medicine, an adverse effect is an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ An adverse effect may be termed a \"side effect\", when judged to be secondary to a main or therapeutic effect.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ If it results from an unsuitable or incorrect dosage or procedure, this is called a medical error and not a complication.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ Adverse effects are sometimes referred to as \"iatrogenic\" because they are generated by a physician/treatment.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ Some adverse effects occur only when starting, increasing or discontinuing a treatment.", "Adverse effect __knowledge__ Using a drug or other medical intervention which is contraindicated may increase the risk of adverse effects.", "Central Plains Water __knowledge__ Central Plains Water, or, more fully, the Central Plains Water Enhancement Scheme, is a large-scale proposal for water diversion, damming, reticulation and irrigation for the Central Plains of Canterbury, New Zealand.", "Central Plains Water __knowledge__ Construction started on the scheme in 2014.", "Central Plains Water __knowledge__ The original proposal involved diversion of water, the construction of a storage dam, tunnels and a series of canals and water races to supply water for irrigation to an area of 60,000 hectares on the Canterbury Plains.", "Central Plains Water __knowledge__ Water will be taken from the Rakaia and Waimakariri Rivers.", "Central Plains Water __knowledge__ In June 2010, resource consents for the scheme were approved in a revised form without the storage dam.", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ \"Hey Ho\" is the third single from Gin Wigmore's first studio album, \"Holy Smoke\".", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ The song was featured in season 6 finale of \"Weeds\".", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ \"Hey Ho\" was co-written by Wigmore and Dan Wilson in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ Wigmore said the song was \"something dark, some kind of Mexican, Day of the Dead mariachi ... some weird cool shit.", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ So we [Wigmore and Wilson] were just like, 'hey ho'.\"", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, Wigmore said \"I, being a girl, can be tormenting the man...I just really like that.", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ I guess that's the feminist in me.\"", "Hey Ho (Gin Wigmore song) __knowledge__ \"Hey Ho\" appeared at the end of the Weeds Season 6 finale, \"Theoretical Love Is Not Dead\".", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH)C(CHOH) belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ It has been in commercial use since 1957.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA is employed to make certain plastics and epoxy resins.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ BPA-based plastic is clear and tough, and is made into a variety of common consumer goods, such as water bottles, sports equipment, CDs, and DVDs.", "Bisphenol A __knowledge__ Epoxy resins containing BPA are used to line water pipes, as coatings on the inside of many food and beverage cans and in making thermal paper such as that used in sales receipts.", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ The environmental effect of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is largely speculative.", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ PPCPs are substances used by individuals for personal health or cosmetic reasons and the products used by agribusiness to boost growth or health of livestock.", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ PPCPs have been detected in water bodies throughout the world.", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ The effects of these chemicals on humans and the environment are not yet known, but to date there is no scientific evidence that they affect human health.", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ The term PPCPs contains as well environmental persistent pharmaceutical pollutants (EPPPs).", "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products __knowledge__ The European Union summarizes pharmaceutical residues with the potential of contamination of water and soil together with other micropollutants under \"priority substances\".", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Human impact on the environment or anthropogenic impact on the environment includes changes to biophysical environments and ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources caused directly or indirectly by humans, including global warming, environmental degradation (such as ocean acidification), mass extinction and biodiversity loss, ecological crises, and ecological collapse.", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Modifying the environment to fit the needs of society is causing bad effects, which become worse as the problem of human overpopulation continues.", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Some human activities that cause damage (either directly or indirectly) to the environment on a global scale include human reproduction, overconsumption, overexploitation, pollution, and deforestation, to name but a few." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Fong 鄧芳 (1879–1955), was a disciple of the Chinese Kung Fu folk hero Wong Fei Hung.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ It is said that his rigid ways prompted him to follow and document the Hung Ga Kuen teachings of Wong Fei Hung to the letter, thus he was referred to as Old Square Mind for his stubbornness to tradition.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ This statement cannot be confirmed, but it can be confirmed that he was known as the Tiger of Sai Gwan.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Fong was born in Saam Sui, of Guangdung Province in China.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ His father Dang Biu was a famous practitioner of Tit Da and Chinese Kung Fu, and had a deep knowledge of Maau Saan, Chinese Witchcraft.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Biu had killed people in combat during his younger years and thus refused to teach his son martial arts.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ Tyler Perry's Madea's Tough Love is a 2015 direct-to-video animated comedy film directed by Frank Marino.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Matt Fleckenstein with additional screenplay material by Ben Gluck.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ The film stars Tyler Perry as the voice of Madea, and was produced by Perry, Matt Moore & Ozzie Areu.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ It was released on January 20, 2015.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ Madea (Tyler Perry) is watching TV while eating her breakfast.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ She doesn't like what she is watching so she flips to another channel.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ While she is watching the show, she wishes that she was up in the show she was watching due to the way the kids in the show are acting.", "Ploy __knowledge__ Ploy () is a 2007 Thai film written and directed by Pen-Ek Ratanaruang.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The film premiered during the Directors' Fortnight at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The drama film stars Thai actress Lalita Panyopas in a story of a middle-aged married couple who question their relationship after seven years.", "Ploy __knowledge__ Ananda Everingham is featured in a supporting role as a bartender.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The film contained sex scenes that were shown at Cannes, but due to censorship concerns had to be re-edited by the director so the film could be shown in cinemas in Thailand when it opened there on June 7, 2007.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The uncensored version of the film was shown in Thailand at the 2007 Bangkok International Film Festival.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang (died 227), courtesy name Yigong, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty and the early Three Kingdoms period.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ He previously served under Sun Quan's predecessors – Sun Jian (Sun Quan's father) and Sun Ce (Sun Quan's elder brother).", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang was from Lingzhi County (令支縣), Liaoxi Commandery (遼西郡), which is in present-day Qian'an, Hebei.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ He possessed great physical strength and was highly skilled in archery and horse riding.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ The warlord Sun Jian recognised his abilities and recruited him.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang accompanied Sun Jian on his military exploits throughout the 180s until 191, from the Yellow Turban Rebellion to the campaign against Dong Zhuo.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Dang'an () is a Chinese word meaning \"record\".", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Used in the political and administrative context, it means an archival system that records the \"performance and attitudes\" of citizens of mainland China.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Together with the hukou, it has been an important part of the government's efforts to maintain control of its people.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Majority of the records are kept by the local archive bureaus, some by the State Archives Administration of China at the national level.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ The Dang'an includes personal information such as physical characteristics, employment record, photograph, etc.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ However, it also contains many other documents that would be considered private in some other cultures.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters __knowledge__ Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters (Thai: 2499 อันธพาลครองเมือง or \"2499 Antapan Krong Muang\"; literally: \"2499 Gangsters Rule the City\") is a 1997 crime drama film about young Thai gangsters in 1950s Thailand.", "Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters __knowledge__ Featuring John Woo-style heroic bloodshed, it was the debut film from director Nonzee Nimibutr and was the first screenplay by director and screenwriter Wisit Sasanatieng.", "Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters __knowledge__ The 2499 in the Thai title refers to the year in the Buddhist calendar when the story starts, corresponding to the Gregorian year 1956.", "Dang Bireley's and Young Gangsters __knowledge__ Dang, the son of a prostitute, growing up in 1950s Thailand, compensates for his inferiority complex by boosting up his ego.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ In ecology, sustainability (from \"sustain\" and \"ability\") is the property of biological systems to remain diverse and productive indefinitely.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ In more general terms, sustainability is the endurance of systems and processes.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ The organizing principle for sustainability is sustainable development, which includes the four interconnected domains: ecology, economics, politics and culture.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ Sustainability science is the study of sustainable development and environmental science.", "Sustainability __knowledge__ Sustainability can also be defined as a socio-ecological process characterized by the pursuit of a common ideal.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Environmental movement in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States today, the organized environmental movement is represented by a wide range of organizations sometimes called non-governmental organizations or NGOs.", "Environmental movement in the United States __knowledge__ These organizations exist on local, national, and international scales.", "Environmental movement in the United States __knowledge__ Environmental NGOs vary widely in political views and in the amount they seek to influence the environmental policy of the United States and other governments.", "Environmental movement in the United States __knowledge__ The environmental movement today consists of both large national groups and also many smaller local groups with local concerns.", "Environmental movement in the United States __knowledge__ Some resemble the old U.S. conservation movement - whose modern expression is The Nature Conservancy, Audubon Society and National Geographic Society - American organizations with a worldwide influence.", "Conservation in the United States __knowledge__ Conservation in the United States can be traced back to the 19th century with the formation of the first National Park.", "Conservation in the United States __knowledge__ Conservation generally refers to the act of consciously and efficiently using land and/or its natural resources.", "Conservation in the United States __knowledge__ This can be in the form of setting aside tracts of land for protection from hunting or urban development, or it can take the form of using less resources such as metal, water, or coal.", "Conservation in the United States __knowledge__ Usually, this process of conservation occurs through or after legislation on local or national levels is passed.", "Conservation in the United States __knowledge__ Conservation in the United States, as a movement, began with the American sportsmen who came to the realization that wanton waste of wildlife and their habitat had led to the extinction of some species, while other species sat on the precipice; they were able to realize this through the aid and inspiration of different groups of Native American peoples." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of scientific and engineering principles for protection of human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors; protection of environments, both local and global, from potentially deleterious effects of natural and human activities; and improvement of environmental quality.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineering can also be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issues of energy preservation, protection of assets and control of waste from human and animal activities.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, it is concerned with finding plausible solutions in the field of public health, such as waterborne diseases, implementing laws which promote adequate sanitation in urban, rural and recreational areas.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It involves waste water management, air pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects.", "Environmental engineering __knowledge__ Environmental engineers study the effect of technological advances on the environment.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Japanese anime series \"Bakugan Battle Brawlers\".", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Daniel \"Dan\" Kuso (known in the Japanese version as is the main human protagonist in the series, who, is 12 years old in the first season, 15 in New Vestroia, 16 in Gundalian Invaders, and 17 in Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In the beginning he is ranked #121, and by episode 39, he is ranked #1, and has become ranked #4 or under in episode 6 of Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In \"New Vestroia\", Dan returns to New Vestroia to help Drago save the world from the invading Vestals.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Despite having just been introduced to the new Brawling system, Dan manages to get the hang of it before he battles his way into the Resistance by tying with Ace.", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ Calling All Engines!", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ is a 2005 direct-to-video special and a spinoff of the TV series, \"Thomas & Friends\".", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ The film was co-produced by HIT Entertainment and was released in the United States on September 6, 2005 and in the United Kingdom on October 3 of the same year.", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ It is summertime on the Island of Sodor, and the engines are very busy showing lots of holidaymakers, the beautiful sights of Sodor.", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ One day, the Fat Controller (Sir Topham Hatt in the U.S.) announces that a new airport is to be built on Sodor, which will bring more holidaymakers on aeroplanes than ever.", "Calling All Engines! __knowledge__ Thomas and Percy go to the site of the new airport, only to discover that 'Arry and Bert are on the same job.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "William Phips __knowledge__ Sir William Phips (or Phipps; February 2, 1651 – February 18, 1695) was a shepherd boy born in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, a shipwright, ship's captain, treasure hunter, a major general, and the first royally appointed governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "William Phips __knowledge__ He is perhaps best remembered for establishing, and later over-ruling and disbanding, the court associated with the infamous Salem Witch Trials.", "William Phips __knowledge__ Of humble origin, uneducated, and fatherless from a young age, he watched over his family's flock of sheep before apprenticing to a shipbuilder near his home in present-day Maine.", "William Phips __knowledge__ He moved to Boston to start a business building ships and soon began to embark on treasure-hunting expeditions to the West Indies.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ Rebecca Jane 'Becky' Brandon (née Bloomwood) is a fictional character and the main protagonist from the Shopaholic series of novels by British author, Sophie Kinsella.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ Becky grew up in Oxshott, Surrey with her Mum and Dad.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ After attending Bristol University, she moved to London.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ She first lived with her best friend Susan \"Suze\" Cleath-Stuart before she eventually moved to New York City.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ Prior to moving to New York, she worked as a personal finance expert on a breakfast television program called 'Morning Coffee'.", "Becky Bloomwood __knowledge__ Becky met her future husband, Luke Brandon, CEO of Brandon Communications (a Public Relations firm) during a press conference while she was working as a financial journalist for 'Successful Saving' magazine.", "Public health __knowledge__ Public health is \"the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals.\"", "Public health __knowledge__ Analyzing the health of a population and the threats is the basis for public health.", "Public health __knowledge__ The \"public\" in question can be as small as a handful of people, an entire village or it can be as large as several continents, in the case of a pandemic.", "Public health __knowledge__ \"Health\" takes into account physical, mental and social well-being.", "Public health __knowledge__ It is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, according to the World Health Organization.", "West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ The West African Ebola virus epidemic (2013–2016) was the most widespread outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in history—causing major loss of life and socioeconomic disruption in the region, mainly in the countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.", "West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ The first cases were recorded in Guinea in December 2013; later, the disease spread to neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone, with minor outbreaks occurring elsewhere.", "West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ It caused significant mortality, with the case fatality rate reported at slightly above 70%, while the rate among hospitalized patients was 57–59%.", "West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ Small outbreaks occurred in Nigeria and Mali, and isolated cases were recorded in Senegal, the United Kingdom and Sardinia.", "Water scarcity in Africa __knowledge__ Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water is one of the world's leading problems affecting more than 1.1 billion people globally, meaning that one in every six people lacks access to safe drinking water.", "Water scarcity in Africa __knowledge__ The Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) defines safe drinking water as \"water with microbial, chemical and physical characteristics that meets WHO guidelines or national standards on drinking water quality.\"", "Water scarcity in Africa __knowledge__ Hydrologists generally assess water scarcity by looking at a population-to-water equation that treats 1,700 cubic meters per person as the national threshold for meeting water requirements for agricultural and industrial production, energy, and the environment.", "Waterborne diseases __knowledge__ Waterborne diseases are conditions caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted in water.", "Waterborne diseases __knowledge__ Disease can be spread while bathing, washing or drinking water, or by eating food exposed to infected water.", "Waterborne diseases __knowledge__ Various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease are the most prominent examples, and affect children in developing countries most dramatically.", "Waterborne diseases __knowledge__ According to the World Health Organization, waterborne diseases account for an estimated 3.6% of the total DALY (disability- adjusted life year) global burden of disease, and cause about 1.5 million human deaths annually.", "Waterborne diseases __knowledge__ The World Health Organization estimates that 58% of that burden, or 842,000 deaths per year, is attributable to a lack of safe drinking water supply, sanitation and hygiene (summarized as WASH).", "History of water supply and sanitation __knowledge__ The history of water supply and sanitation is one of a logistical challenge to provide clean water and sanitation systems since the dawn of civilization.", "History of water supply and sanitation __knowledge__ Where water resources, infrastructure or sanitation systems were insufficient, diseases spread and people fell sick or died prematurely.", "History of water supply and sanitation __knowledge__ Major human settlements could initially develop only where fresh surface water was plentiful, such as near rivers or natural springs.", "History of water supply and sanitation __knowledge__ Throughout history, people have devised systems to make getting water into their communities and households, and disposing (and later also treating) wastewater more convenient.", "Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan __knowledge__ \"This page has last been substantially updated in November 2012.\"", "Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan __knowledge__ Drinking water supply and sanitation in Pakistan is characterized by some achievements and many challenges.", "Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan __knowledge__ Despite high population growth the country has increased the share of the population with access to an improved water source from 85% in 1990 to 92% in 2010, although this does not necessarily mean that the water from these sources is safe to drink.", "Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan __knowledge__ The share with access to improved sanitation increased from 27% to 48% during the same period, according to the Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply and Sanitation.", "Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan __knowledge__ There has also been considerable innovation at the grass-root level, in particular concerning sanitation.", "Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ Organizations from around the world responded to the West African Ebola virus epidemic.", "Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ In July 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) convened an emergency meeting with health ministers from eleven countries and announced collaboration on a strategy to co-ordinate technical support to combat the epidemic.", "Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ In August, they declared the outbreak an international public health emergency and published a roadmap to guide and coordinate the international response to the outbreak, aiming to stop ongoing Ebola transmission worldwide within 6–9 months.", "Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic __knowledge__ In September, the United Nations Security Council declared the Ebola virus outbreak in the West Africa subregion a \"threat to international peace and security\" and unanimously adopted a resolution urging UN member states to provide more resources to fight the outbreak; the WHO stated that the cost for combating the epidemic will be a minimum of $1 billion." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "Hey ho, how ya doing? I'm an environmental engineer! I protect humanity from the adverse effects of the outside environment.", "I design structures that are able to shield people from things like rain and hail. I also an concerned with energy preservation and protection of natural resources.", "I also cross with public health workers and collborate with them on issues like waterborne diseases.", "Yeah buts its fun, and varied as well so I'm never bored. Waste water management, recycling, waste disposal and cycle insurance. It's all good." ]

[ "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental engineering" ]

[ "Southern Baptist Convention\nMy friend's father is a Southern Baptist Reverend. It is a bit strange to me.", "I'm not a particularly religious person. Sometimes the trappings of a church are very foreign to me.", "Is that so? What was its regional and historical identification?", "That seems like an opportunity for controversy. I had never really heard of a \"northern baptist church\" though." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ There are about 33 million self-professed Baptists in the United States who make up a significant portion of evangelicals in the United States and approximately one third of all Protestants in the United States; at the same time this also makes them the second largest religious grouping following Roman Catholics in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ About 16 million Baptists belong to congregations affiliated with Southern Baptist Convention, the largest such confederation of Baptists.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ More than 40% of all Baptists worldwide reside in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ The largest denomination among African Americans is the National Baptist Convention, with 7.5 million members, along with the smaller but more liberal Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), with over 2000 churches and a total membership of 2.5 million.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Beginning in 1960, the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) experienced an intense struggle for control of the organization.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Its initiators called it the Conservative Resurgence while its detractors labeled it the Fundamentalist Takeover.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was launched with the charge that the seminaries and denominational agencies were dominated by liberals.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ The movement was primarily aimed at reorienting the denomination away from a liberal trajectory and towards an unambiguous affirmation of biblical inerrancy.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was achieved by the systematic election, beginning in 1979, of conservative individuals to lead the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist Church is a large Southern Baptist megachurch in the Cordova area of Memphis, Tennessee, United States.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue is the largest church in Memphis and is one of the leading churches in the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue's goals are to \"Love God, Love People, Share Jesus, and Make Disciples.\"", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church's head pastor has been Dr. Steve Gaines since 2005.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist was founded in 1903 by Central Baptist Church as a mission church on the outskirts of Memphis.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ With a small $1,000 gift from member Fannie Jobe, Pastor Thomas Potts led the congregation to build a one-room stone chapel at the corner of Bellevue and Erskine Avenues.", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ Wallie Amos Criswell (December 19, 1909 – January 10, 2002), was an American pastor, author, and a two-term elected president of the Southern Baptist Convention from 1968 to 1970.", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ Supporters have described him as one of the 20th century's greatest expository preachers and the patriarch of the \"Conservative Resurgence\" within the SBC.", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ Criswell was born in Eldorado in Jackson County in southwestern Oklahoma to Wallie Amos and Anna Currie Criswell.", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ It was not uncommon at the time for boys to be named with initials, and he was simply called \"W.", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ A.\".", "W. A. Criswell __knowledge__ In later years when a full name was required for his passport Criswell supplied his father's first and middle names.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ American Baptist College (also known as American Baptist Theological Seminary or ABTS) is a small, predominantly African American liberal arts college located in Nashville, Tennessee.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Founded in 1924, its predecessor in black Baptist education was Roger Williams University, a Nashville college begun in the late-19th century and closed in the early 20th century (Its campus is now occupied by Peabody College of Vanderbilt University).", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Upon full accreditation by the American Association of Bible Colleges, ABTS officially dropped use of the term \"Theological Seminary\" and renamed itself American Baptist College of ABTS." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Irreligion in South Korea __knowledge__ In 2005, according to figures compiled by the South Korean National Statistical Office, 46.5% of the population were classified as Irreligious, compared to 22.8% Buddhists, 18.3% Protestants, 10.9% Catholics, and 1.7% Other religions.", "Irreligion in South Korea __knowledge__ According to a 2012 Gallup International poll 15% of South Korean people were convinced atheists, up from 11% in its previous survey in 2005.", "Irreligion in South Korea __knowledge__ This made South Korea the joint 5th most atheistic country of the 57 countries surveyed in 2012, tied with Germany on 15%, and behind France on 29%, the Czech Republic on 30%, Japan on 31%, and China on 47%.", "Irreligion in South Korea __knowledge__ The number of South Koreans describing themselves as religious dropped 6% from 58% to 52% between the 2005 and 2012 surveys, leaving South Korea joint 17th least religious of the 57 countries surveyed in 2012.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ It originated with the Reformation, a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Ever since, Protestants reject the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy and sacraments, but disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ They emphasize the priesthood of all believers, justification by faith alone (') rather than by good works, and the highest authority of the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) in faith and morals (').", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ Religion in Iceland was initially the Norse paganism that was a common belief among mediaeval Scandinavians who started settling Iceland in the 9th century AD, until Christian conversion around 1000 AD, though paganism did not vanish then.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ Starting in the 1530s, Iceland, originally Catholic and under the Danish crown, formally became Lutheran under the Icelandic Reformation, which culminated in 1550.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ As such, Iceland has a state Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland, and religious freedom has been a legal right since 1874.", "Religion in Iceland __knowledge__ The state church is supported by the government, but all registered religions received support from a church tax paid by taxpayers over the age of 16 years.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler __knowledge__ Adolf Hitler's religious beliefs have been a matter of debate; the wide consensus of historians consider him to have been irreligious and anti-Christian.", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler __knowledge__ In light of evidence such as his vocal rejection of the tenets of Christianity, numerous private statements to confidants denouncing Christianity as a harmful superstition, and his strenuous efforts to reduce the influence and independence of Christianity in Germany after he came to power, Hitler's major academic biographers conclude that he was irreligious and an opponent of Christianity.", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler __knowledge__ Historian Laurence Rees found no evidence that \"Hitler, in his personal life, ever expressed belief in the basic tenets of the Christian church\".", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( or ; ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology, and the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a \"single individual\", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake (minor-planet designation 136472 Makemake) is a dwarf planet and perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object in the classical population, with a diameter approximately two thirds that of Pluto.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake has one known satellite, S/2015 (136472) 1.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake's extremely low average temperature, about , means its surface is covered with methane, ethane, and possibly nitrogen ices.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake was discovered on March 31, 2005, by a team led by Michael E. Brown, and announced on July 29, 2005.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Initially, it was known as and later given the minor-planet number 136472.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake was recognized as a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in July 2008.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ The Triennial Convention (so-called because it met every three years) was the first national Baptist denomination in the United States.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ Officially named the General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States of America for Foreign Missions, it was formed in 1814 to advance missionary work and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ In a dispute over slavery and missions policy, Baptist churches in the South separated from the Triennial Convention and established the Southern Baptist Convention in 1845.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ This split left the Triennial Convention largely Northern in membership.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is a Baptist church which is known for its use of inflammatory hate speech, especially against LGBT people (homophobia), Catholics (anti-Catholicism), Orthodox Christians (anti-Orthodoxy), Muslims (Islamophobia), Jews (antisemitism), U.S. soldiers and politicians (anti-Americanism).", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church is widely known as a hate group and is monitored as such by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church has been involved in actions against gay people since at least 1991, when it sought a crackdown on homosexual activity at Gage Park six blocks northwest of the church.", "Ben M. Bogard __knowledge__ Benjamin Marcus \"Ben\" Bogard (March 9, 1868 – May 29, 1951) was an American Baptist clergyman, author, editor, educator, radio broadcaster, and champion debater in primarily the U.S. state of Arkansas.", "Ben M. Bogard __knowledge__ In 1924, Bogard founded the American Baptist Association, commonly called the Missionary Baptist denomination, based in Texarkana, Texas.", "Ben M. Bogard __knowledge__ In 1928, Bogard successfully pushed for an Arkansas state law which banned the teaching of the theory of evolution in public schools; the law was overturned by the United States Supreme Court in 1968, seventeen years after Bogard's death.", "Ben M. Bogard __knowledge__ He was a chief proponent of the Landmark Baptist movement, which attributes an unbroken continuity and legitimacy to the Baptist Church since Apostolic times.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ William Carey (17 August 1761 – 9 June 1834) was a British Christian missionary, Particular Baptist minister, translator, social reformer and cultural anthropologist who founded the Serampore College and the Serampore University, the first degree awarding University in India.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ He went to Kolkata (India) in 1793, but was forced to leave the British Indian territory by non-Baptist Christian missionaries.", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ He joined the Baptist missionaries in the Danish colony of Frederiksnagar in India (Serampore).", "William Carey (missionary) __knowledge__ One of his first contributions was to start schools for impoverished children where they were taught reading, writing, accounting and Christianity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Malayisation __knowledge__ Malayisation is a process of assimilation and acculturation, that involves acquisition (, literally \"embracing Malayness\") or imposition ( or \"Melayuisasi\") of elements of Malay culture, in particular, Islam and Malay language, as experienced by non-Malay populations of territories controlled or substantially influenced by historical Malay sultanates and modern .", "Malayisation __knowledge__ It is often described as a process of civilisational expansion, drawing a wide range of indigenous peoples into the Muslim, Malay-speaking polities of Maritime Southeast Asia.", "Malayisation __knowledge__ An early form of Malayisation occurred during the territorial and commercial expansion of Melaka Sultanate in the 15th century, which spread the Classical Malay language, culture, and the religion of Islam to the Maritime Southeast Asia.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ The Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe is a state-recognized Creek Nation tribe located in Southwest Georgia.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ It is part of the Creek Nation located east of the Mississippi.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ The tribe maintains the Tama Tribal Town on a small reservation in Whigham, Georgia.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ The tribal leadership offers regular educational classes to members and the public to learn more about Muskogee culture and language.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ On January 27, 1825, the Indian Removal Act was signed, calling for the removal of all Native American Tribes in Georgia.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ In the following years, most of the Muskogee people were forcibly relocated to Oklahoma.", "Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe (East of the Mississippi) __knowledge__ Those who stayed hid in swampy, less desirable areas; fled to Florida and joined the Seminole tribe; or moved frequently to avoid capture.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development is a department of the city of Bakersfield, California.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ It is responsible for attracting new businesses and visitors to the city.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ It also acts as a liaison between businesses and the city government.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ In addition, the department is also responsible for encouraging redevelopment.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ It also distributes federal/state redevelopment and housing grants.", "Bakersfield Department of Economic and Community Development __knowledge__ The department is also in charge of the Bakersfield Register of Historic Places (should not be confused with the National Register of Historic Places), which is a local register of historic places in the city.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ Jayasiṃha ( ), who assumed the title Siddharāja (), was an Indian king who ruled western parts of India.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ He was a member of the Chaulukya (also called Chalukya or Solanki) dynasty.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ Jayasimha's capital was located at Anahilapataka (modern Patan) in present-day Gujarat.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ Besides large parts of Gujarat, his control also extended to parts of Rajasthan: he subdued the Shakambhari Chahamana king Arnoraja, and the former Naddula Chahamana ruler Asharaja acknowledged his suzerainty.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ Jayasimha also annexed a part of Malwa (in present-day Madhya Pradesh) by defeating the Paramaras.", "Jayasimha Siddharaja __knowledge__ He also waged an inconclusive war against the Chandela king Madanavarman.", "Museum of Witchcraft and Magic __knowledge__ The Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, formerly known as the Museum of Witchcraft, is a museum dedicated to European witchcraft and magic located in the village of Boscastle in Cornwall, south-west England.", "Museum of Witchcraft and Magic __knowledge__ It houses exhibits devoted to folk magic, ceremonial magic, Freemasonry, and Wicca, with its collection of such objects having been described as the largest in the world.", "Museum of Witchcraft and Magic __knowledge__ The museum was founded by the English folk magician Cecil Williamson in 1951 to display his own personal collection of artefacts.", "Museum of Witchcraft and Magic __knowledge__ Initially known as the Folklore Centre of Superstition and Witchcraft, it was located in the town of Castletown on the Isle of Man.", "Identity document __knowledge__ An identity document (also called a piece of identification or ID, or colloquially as papers) is any document which may be used to prove a person's identity.", "Identity document __knowledge__ If issued in a small, standard credit card size form, it is usually called an identity card (IC, ID card, Citizen Card), or Passport Card.", "Identity document __knowledge__ Some countries issue formal identity documents, while others may require identity verification using informal documents.", "Identity document __knowledge__ When the identity document incorporates a person's photograph, it may be called photo ID.", "Identity document __knowledge__ In the absence of a formal identity document, a driver's license may be accepted in many countries for identity verification.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Beginning in 1960, the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) experienced an intense struggle for control of the organization.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Its initiators called it the Conservative Resurgence while its detractors labeled it the Fundamentalist Takeover.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was launched with the charge that the seminaries and denominational agencies were dominated by liberals.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ The movement was primarily aimed at reorienting the denomination away from a liberal trajectory and towards an unambiguous affirmation of biblical inerrancy.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was achieved by the systematic election, beginning in 1979, of conservative individuals to lead the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist Church is a large Southern Baptist megachurch in the Cordova area of Memphis, Tennessee, United States.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue is the largest church in Memphis and is one of the leading churches in the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue's goals are to \"Love God, Love People, Share Jesus, and Make Disciples.\"", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church's head pastor has been Dr. Steve Gaines since 2005.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist was founded in 1903 by Central Baptist Church as a mission church on the outskirts of Memphis.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ With a small $1,000 gift from member Fannie Jobe, Pastor Thomas Potts led the congregation to build a one-room stone chapel at the corner of Bellevue and Erskine Avenues.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ American Baptist College (also known as American Baptist Theological Seminary or ABTS) is a small, predominantly African American liberal arts college located in Nashville, Tennessee.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Founded in 1924, its predecessor in black Baptist education was Roger Williams University, a Nashville college begun in the late-19th century and closed in the early 20th century (Its campus is now occupied by Peabody College of Vanderbilt University).", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Upon full accreditation by the American Association of Bible Colleges, ABTS officially dropped use of the term \"Theological Seminary\" and renamed itself American Baptist College of ABTS.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. (or simply National Baptist Convention) is the largest predominantly African-American Christian denomination in the United States.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ It is headquartered at the Baptist World Center in Nashville, Tennessee.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The denomination claims approximately 31,000 congregations.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The Convention reports having an estimated 7.5 million members.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The root of cooperative efforts began in the Antebellum period.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ Both free blacks and slaves were welcomed into the Baptist Church by missionaries in the First Great Awakening, and the second Awakening in the early 19th century brought in more members.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ There are about 33 million self-professed Baptists in the United States who make up a significant portion of evangelicals in the United States and approximately one third of all Protestants in the United States; at the same time this also makes them the second largest religious grouping following Roman Catholics in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ About 16 million Baptists belong to congregations affiliated with Southern Baptist Convention, the largest such confederation of Baptists.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ More than 40% of all Baptists worldwide reside in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ The largest denomination among African Americans is the National Baptist Convention, with 7.5 million members, along with the smaller but more liberal Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), with over 2000 churches and a total membership of 2.5 million." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ The Triennial Convention (so-called because it met every three years) was the first national Baptist denomination in the United States.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ Officially named the General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States of America for Foreign Missions, it was formed in 1814 to advance missionary work and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ In a dispute over slavery and missions policy, Baptist churches in the South separated from the Triennial Convention and established the Southern Baptist Convention in 1845.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ This split left the Triennial Convention largely Northern in membership.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ Robert Thomas Ketcham (July 22, 1889 – August 21, 1978) was a Baptist pastor, a leader of separationist fundamentalism, and a founder of the General Association of Regular Baptist Churches.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ Robert Ketcham was born in Tioga County, Pennsylvania, USA, to Charles O. and Sarah Bullock Ketcham, active members of the local Methodist Church.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ Charles was a small farmer and milkman.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ Sarah Ketcham died when Robert was seven, and his father married a widow, Louise Elliot.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ Because Louise was a Baptist, the family then joined the Baptist church.", "Robert T. Ketcham __knowledge__ When Robert was eleven, the family moved a bit more than twenty miles west to Galeton, Pennsylvania At sixteen, Robert, a stubborn young man who disliked his parents' discipline, quit high school and left home.", "American Baptist Home Mission Society __knowledge__ The American Baptist Home Mission Society is a Christian missionary society.", "American Baptist Home Mission Society __knowledge__ Its main predecessor the Home Mission Society was established in New York City in 1832 to operate in the American frontier, with the stated mission \"to preach the Gospel, establish churches and give support and ministry to the unchurched and destitute.\"", "American Baptist Home Mission Society __knowledge__ In the 19th century, the Society was related to the Triennial Convention of Baptists.", "American Baptist Home Mission Society __knowledge__ Today it is part of that Convention's successor, the American Baptist Churches, USA (previously known as, the \"American Baptist Convention\" (1950–1972) and the \"Northern Baptist Convention\" (1907–1950)), and is the successor by merger of several 19th century Baptist organizations related to missions and education, including publications (1824), women (1877), and education (1888).", "History of the University of Redlands __knowledge__ The University of Redlands is a Baptist-founded nondenominational university in California, United States.", "History of the University of Redlands __knowledge__ The University of Redlands had its roots in the founding of two other Baptist institutions, California College in Oakland (not to be confused with the founding institution of the University of California, but a Baptist college founded with a $28,000 endowment on a site donated by Mrs. E. H. Grey) and Los Angeles University, first proposed in 1883 by Charles Button, a preacher who convinced an association of Southern California Baptist churches to raise funds for what became Los Angeles University.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ John Davison Rockefeller Sr. (July 8, 1839 – May 23, 1937) was an American oil industry business magnate, industrialist, and philanthropist.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time, and the richest person in modern history.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ Rockefeller was born into a large family in upstate New York and was shaped by his con man father and religious mother.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ His family moved several times before eventually settling in Cleveland, Ohio.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ Rockefeller became an assistant bookkeeper at the age of 16, and went into a business partnership with Maurice B. Clark and his brothers at 20.", "John D. Rockefeller __knowledge__ After buying them out, he and his brother William founded Rockefeller & Andrews with Samuel Andrews.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Helen Barrett Montgomery __knowledge__ Helen Barrett Montgomery (July 31, 1861 – October 19, 1934) was an American social reformer, educator and writer.", "Helen Barrett Montgomery __knowledge__ In 1921 she was elected as the first woman president of the Northern Baptist Convention (and of any religious denomination in the United States).", "Helen Barrett Montgomery __knowledge__ She had long been a delegate to the Convention and a policymaker.", "Helen Barrett Montgomery __knowledge__ In 1893 she helped found a chapter of the Women’s Educational and Industrial Union in Rochester, New York, and served as president until 1911, nearly two decades.", "Helen Barrett Montgomery __knowledge__ In 1899 Montgomery was the first woman elected to the Rochester School Board and any public office in the city, 20 years before women could vote.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries after it gained independence and before the end of the American Civil War.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ Slavery had been practiced in British America from early colonial days, and was legal in all Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ By the time of the American Revolution (1775–1783), the status of slave had been institutionalized as a racial caste associated with African ancestry.", "Slavery in the United States __knowledge__ When the United States Constitution was ratified (1789), a relatively small number of free people of color were among the voting citizens (male property owners).", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ Jewish views on slavery are varied both religiously and historically.", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ Judaism's ancient and medieval religious texts contain numerous laws governing the ownership and treatment of slaves.", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ Texts that contain such regulations include the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), the Talmud, the 12th century Mishneh Torah by rabbi Maimonides, and the 16th century Shulchan Aruch by rabbi Yosef Karo.", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ The original Israelite slavery laws found in the Hebrew Bible bear some resemblance to the 18th century BCE slavery laws of Hammurabi.", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ The regulations changed over time.", "Jewish views on slavery __knowledge__ The Hebrew Bible contained two sets of laws, one for Canaanite slaves, and a more lenient set of laws for Hebrew slaves.", "Christian views on slavery __knowledge__ Christian views on slavery are varied both regionally and historically.", "Christian views on slavery __knowledge__ Slavery in various forms has been a part of the social environment for much of Christianity's history, spanning well over eighteen centuries.", "Christian views on slavery __knowledge__ In the early years of Christianity, slavery was a normal feature of the economy and society in the Roman Empire, and this persisted in different forms and with regional differences well into the Middle Ages.", "Christian views on slavery __knowledge__ Saint Augustine described slavery as being against God's intention and resulting from sin.", "Christian views on slavery __knowledge__ In the eighteenth century the abolition movement took shape among Christian people across the globe.", "Origins of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Historians debating the origins of the American Civil War focus on the reasons why seven Southern states declared their secession from the United States (the Union), why they united to form the Confederate States of America (or simply known as the \"Confederacy\"), and why the North refused to let them go.", "Origins of the American Civil War __knowledge__ While most historians agree that conflicts over slavery caused the war, they disagree sharply regarding which kinds of conflict—ideological, economic, political, or social—were most important.", "Origins of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The primary catalyst for secession was slavery, especially Southern political leaders' resistance to attempts by Northern antislavery political forces to block the expansion of slavery into the western territories.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ ), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ The Confederacy was originally formed by seven secessionist slave-holding states – South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas – in the Lower South region of the United States, whose regional economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture, particularly cotton, and a plantation system that relied upon the labor of African-American slaves.", "Confederate States of America __knowledge__ Each state declared its secession from the United States following the November 1860 election of Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln to the U.S. presidency on a platform which opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ Abolitionism in the United States was the movement before and during the American Civil War to end slavery in the United States.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ In the Americas and western Europe, abolitionism was a movement to end the Atlantic Slave trade and set slaves free.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ In the 17th century, English Quakers and Evangelicals condemned slavery as un-Christian.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ At that time, most slaves were Africans, but thousands of Native Americans were also enslaved.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ In the 18th century, as many as six million Africans were transported to the Americas as slaves, at least a third of them on British ships to North America.", "Abolitionism in the United States __knowledge__ Abolition was part of the message of the First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s in the Thirteen Colonies." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 3, 0 ]

[ "Well, it is the world's largest Baptist denomination.", "Maybe it is because the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifionacally whether Southern slave owners could serve as missiries.", "It is mostly known in the South of the USA" ]

[ "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention" ]

[ "Hockey", "Oh, I don't know much about hockey. When did it originate?", "How many players are on each team?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The belief that hockey was mentioned in a 1363 proclamation by King Edward III of England is based on modern translations of the proclamation, which was originally in Latin and explicitly forbade the games \"Pilam Manualem, Pedivam, & Bacularem: & ad Canibucam & Gallorum Pugnam\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The English historian and biographer John Strype did not use the word \"hockey\" when he translated the proclamation in 1720.", "Hockey __knowledge__ The word \"hockey\" itself is of unknown origin.", "Hockey __knowledge__ One supposition is that it is a derivative of \"hoquet\", a Middle French word for a shepherd's stave." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The belief that hockey was mentioned in a 1363 proclamation by King Edward III of England is based on modern translations of the proclamation, which was originally in Latin and explicitly forbade the games \"Pilam Manualem, Pedivam, & Bacularem: & ad Canibucam & Gallorum Pugnam\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The English historian and biographer John Strype did not use the word \"hockey\" when he translated the proclamation in 1720.", "Hockey __knowledge__ The word \"hockey\" itself is of unknown origin.", "Hockey __knowledge__ One supposition is that it is a derivative of \"hoquet\", a Middle French word for a shepherd's stave.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Kenneth C. Davis is an American historian, best known for his \"Don't Know Much About...\" series.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Born in Mount Vernon, New York City, Davis attended but did not graduate from Concordia College, Bronxville in New York, and Fordham University at Lincoln Center, New York.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He lives in New York City and Dorset, Vermont, with his wife and two children.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Davis has made frequent media appearances, including NPR's \"All Things Considered\", and he has lectured at museums, including the Smithsonian Museum and the American Museum of Natural History.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He has been a contributor to \"The New York Times\", \"Newsday\" and other publications.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ \"Don't Know Much\" is a song written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil and Tom Snow.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ The original version of this song was recorded by Barry Mann in 1980 and was made famous when it was covered as a duet by Linda Ronstadt and Aaron Neville in 1989.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ The song had a rich history prior to its success in 1989.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ It first appeared on Barry Mann's self-titled 1980 album, released on Casablanca records.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ Bill Medley and Bette Midler (under the title \"All I Need to Know\") then had minor chart success with it in 1981 and 1983, respectively.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ In 1985, Audrey Landers recorded the song as \"All I Need to Know\" for her second album for the German market, \"Paradise Generation\", by Glenn Jones on his 1987 self-titled album for Jive Records, and gospel singer Cynthia Clawson also has a version under this title on her 1990 album \"Words Will Never Do\".", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a song recorded by Canadian recording artist Celine Dion, taken from her tenth English studio album of the same name (2007).", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was written by songwriter Kara DioGuardi and former Eurythmics member Dave Stewart for their band named Platinum Weird.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was supposed to be released as a single in February 2007 for their unreleased self-titled album.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ However, after DioGuardi and Stewart recorded the song, they played it for Dion's husband René Angélil, who loved it and Dion recorded it.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the first single from \"Taking Chances\" in September 2007.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a pop ballad with a soft rock finish.", "Aaron Neville __knowledge__ Aaron Neville (born January 24, 1941 in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States) is an American R&B and soul singer and musician.", "Aaron Neville __knowledge__ He has had four Platinum-certified albums and four Top 10 hits in the United States, including three that went to #1 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart.", "Aaron Neville __knowledge__ His debut single, from 1966, was #1 on the Soul chart for five weeks.", "Aaron Neville __knowledge__ He has also recorded with his brothers Art, Charles and Cyril as The Neville Brothers and is the father of singer/keyboards player Ivan Neville.", "Aaron Neville __knowledge__ Of mixed African-American, Caucasian, and Native American (Choctaw) heritage, his music also features Cajun and Creole influences.", "Gramble __knowledge__ Gramble is a game-focused social entertainment network connecting players, developers, and charities through interactive profiles and a suite of social features.", "Gramble __knowledge__ Launched in open beta in April 2013, the network is currently accessible via a mobile version for smartphones and tablets (Gramble.com).", "Gramble __knowledge__ Native (downloadable) versions of the Gramble network are also available for iOS and Android.", "Gramble __knowledge__ An HTML5-based web version is also in development.", "Gramble __knowledge__ Gramble's stated mission is \"to improve over one billion lives by changing the way people donate to charity.\"", "Gramble __knowledge__ Founded in February 2012 by British-Australian entrepreneur Adam Palmer (CEO), Gramble World BV is a Dutch company with its HQ in The Hague, Netherlands, and offices in San Francisco, California.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ Ball hockey is a team sport and a variation of the sport of ice hockey and a specific variation of the game of street hockey.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ Ball hockey is patterned after and closely related to ice hockey, except the game is played on foot on a non-ice surface, player equipment is different, and a ball is used instead of a hockey puck.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score more goals than the opposing team by shooting the ball into the opposing team's net.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ Teams consist of five runners and one goaltender.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ The five runners are broken down into positions of three forwards and two defenseman, right and left.", "Ball hockey __knowledge__ The forwards are further described by position name: Left Wing, Right Wing, and Center.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a \"bowler\") rolls a bowling ball down a wood-structure or synthetic (polyurethane) lane and towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The objective is to score the highest pinfall by knocking down as many pins as possible.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Three finger holes are drilled into a traditional bowling ball, and weights vary considerably to make the sport playable for all ages.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Generally, the heavier the ball, the more pins that will topple on two equivalent shots.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The pins are arranged in a triangular position by an automated machine.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ While professional ten-pin bowling tournaments are held in numerous countries, the sport is commonly played as a hobby by millions of people around the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The belief that hockey was mentioned in a 1363 proclamation by King Edward III of England is based on modern translations of the proclamation, which was originally in Latin and explicitly forbade the games \"Pilam Manualem, Pedivam, & Bacularem: & ad Canibucam & Gallorum Pugnam\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The English historian and biographer John Strype did not use the word \"hockey\" when he translated the proclamation in 1720.", "Hockey __knowledge__ The word \"hockey\" itself is of unknown origin.", "Hockey __knowledge__ One supposition is that it is a derivative of \"hoquet\", a Middle French word for a shepherd's stave.", "Great Rivers Athletic Conference __knowledge__ The Great Rivers Athletic Conference (GRAC) is part of the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) located primarily in the Southern part of Illinois and was formed in 1982.", "Great Rivers Athletic Conference __knowledge__ The GRAC is located in Region 24 which is about 4/5 the Southern portion of Illinois.", "Great Rivers Athletic Conference __knowledge__ The GRAC has nine member schools, with enrollments ranging from less than 1,000 to more than 6,000.", "Great Rivers Athletic Conference __knowledge__ While there is no limit as to how many teams each school can field, the GRAC only sponsors five sports: Men’s Basketball, and Baseball and Women’s Basketball, Softball, and Volleyball.", "Great Rivers Athletic Conference __knowledge__ The GRAC currently consists of ten schools, all from Southern Illinois.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Backhand __knowledge__ The backhand is a tennis shot in which one swings the racquet around one's body with the back of the hand preceding the palm.", "Backhand __knowledge__ Except in the phrase \"backhand volley\", the term refers to a groundstroke (that is, one in which the ball has bounced before it is struck).", "Backhand __knowledge__ It contrasts with the other kind of groundstroke, the forehand.", "Backhand __knowledge__ The term is also used in other racquet sports, and other areas where a similar motion is employed (for example while throwing a sport disc).", "Backhand __knowledge__ The backhand is usually performed from the baseline or as an approach shot.", "Backhand __knowledge__ For a right-handed player, a backhand begins with the racquet on the left side of the body, continues across the body as contact is made with the ball, and ends on the right side of the body, with the racquet over the right shoulder.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The 1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers were regarded for the first time as a regular playoff contender.", "1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ They were considered by some to be the best Buccaneer team yet, despite a mediocre offensive line and the lack of a feature running back.", "1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The team played only two games before the players' union called a labor strike, which resulted in a nine-game season.", "1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The season began with a three-game losing streak, as the Buccaneers outplayed their opponent statistically in each game, but showed a tendency for mental errors at crucial moments.", "1982 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The first game in which they were outgained by their opponent was their first win, a franchise-first victory over the Miami Dolphins on Monday Night Football.", "Panathinaikos F.C. __knowledge__ Panathinaikos Football Club ( ), known as Panathinaikos, or by its full name, and the name of its parent sports club, Panathinaikos A.O.", "Panathinaikos F.C. __knowledge__ or PAO (; \"Panathinaïkós Athlitikós Ómilos\", \"All-Athenian Athletic Club\"), is a Greek professional football club based in the City of Athens.", "Panathinaikos F.C. __knowledge__ The name \"Panathinaikos\" was inspired by the ancient work of Isocrates, \"Panathenaicus\", where the orator praises the Athenians for their democratic education and their military superiority, used for the benefit of all Greeks.", "Panathinaikos F.C. __knowledge__ Today a part of Panathinaikos A.O., they are the oldest active football club in Greece, initially founded only to practice this sport.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association, currently trading as Ice Hockey Victoria is the governing body of ice hockey in Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The Victorian Ice Hockey Association is a branch of Ice Hockey Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ 12 September 1908 is the date of the formation of the first ice hockey association in Australia.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting at the Melbourne Glaciarium occurred directly after an evening ice hockey game between the Brighton Ice Hockey Club and the Melburnians, which resulted in a 2-2 tie.", "Victorian Ice Hockey Association __knowledge__ The meeting was for the purpose of organising a club for the following season and the following committee was appointed: Lorimer, Ward, Errol F. Woods, W. Purbrick and Andrew Lambert Reid.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ The History of Canadian sports falls into five stages of development: early recreational activities before 1840; the start of organized competition, 1840-1880; the emergence of national organizations, 1882-1914; the rapid growth of both amateur and professional sports, 1914 to 1960; and developments of the last half-century.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Some sports, especially hockey, lacrosse and curling enjoy an international reputation as particularly Canadian.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Canadian sports attract large numbers of participants and huge audiences; hockey, played by 1.4 million Canadians, has become part of the national identity.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Team sports often involved informal gambling." ] ]

[ 1, 77, 1 ]

[ "Hockey was an excellent sport to increase our stamina. The ball used in hockey was known as maneuver ball.", "Ice hockey is also a type of game, which was a sport played on ice. ", "It was played among 11 players for each team. They played using a hockey stick to puck the ball into opposite team's goal." ]

[ "Hockey", "Hockey", "Hockey" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "I agree, a good book and a cup of coffee is one of the best things in the world!", "When an author connects with you through text, that is the best. What genre of books is your favorite?", "Sci-Fi is awesome, authors have such a great imagination that they can make amazing stories through just thought." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Characters in the Thursday Next series __knowledge__ The Thursday Next series by Jasper Fforde currently consists of the novels \"The Eyre Affair\", \"Lost in a Good Book\", \"The Well of Lost Plots\", \"Something Rotten\", \"First Among Sequels\", \"One of Our Thursdays Is Missing\" and \"The Woman Who Died a Lot\".", "Characters in the Thursday Next series __knowledge__ In his seventies, Analogy is the head of the Swindon branch of SO-27, the LiteraTecs, and is therefore Thursday's immediate superior.", "Characters in the Thursday Next series __knowledge__ An operative for SO-27, the LiteraTecs, assigned to the Swindon branch, and Thursday's partner after her transfer.", "Characters in the Thursday Next series __knowledge__ In his thirties and with a slightly fussy, nervous edge to him, Bowden is intelligent and, at times, quite sly and cunning.", "Scottish book sculptures __knowledge__ The Scottish book sculptures are a group of book sculptures that were contrived to be \"found\" in Scotland between 2011 and 2013.", "Scottish book sculptures __knowledge__ The sculptures are on topics mostly concerning Scottish literature and poetry, and are made out of old books by an anonymous female paper sculptor.", "Scottish book sculptures __knowledge__ The initial group of book sculptures was a group of ten elaborate sculptures that were left around various cultural locations in Edinburgh, Scotland, between March and November 2011, as gifts to the cultural institutions and people of the city.", "Scottish book sculptures __knowledge__ The identity of the artist is unknown, although notes with some of the sculptures referred to the artist as 'she'.", "The Good Book (book) __knowledge__ The Good Book is a book by A. C. Grayling.", "The Good Book (book) __knowledge__ It was published in March 2011 by Walker & Company (a US imprint of Bloomsbury) with the subtitle \"A Humanist Bible,\" and in April 2011 by Bloomsbury with the subtitle \"A Secular Bible.\"", "The Good Book (book) __knowledge__ The book was designed as a secular alternative to religious text, and to be read as a narrative drawing on non-religious philosophy, including that from Ancient Greek, Chinese, Roman, Indian and Arab civilizations, as well as the European Renaissance and the Enlightenment.", "The Good Book (book) __knowledge__ The book also contains a summary of scientific discoveries from the 19th century to the present day.", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ Lost in a Good Book is an alternative history fantasy novel by Jasper Fforde.", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ It won the Independent Mystery Booksellers Association 2004 Dilys Award.", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ It is the second in the Thursday Next series.", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ \"Lost in a Good Book\" is the second book by Jasper Fforde and the sequel to the first adventure of literary detective Thursday Next, \"The Eyre Affair\".", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ \"Lost in a Good Book\" uses a variety of literary allusions as it follows Thursday through a vast government conspiracy.", "Lost in a Good Book __knowledge__ Three months after the events of \"The Eyre Affair\", Thursday Next is happily married to Landen Parke-Laine and working as a literary detective out of Swindon.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Dynasty (2017 TV series) characters __knowledge__ \"Dynasty\" is an American prime time television soap opera reboot based on the 1980s series of the same name.", "List of Dynasty (2017 TV series) characters __knowledge__ It stars Elizabeth Gillies, Nathalie Kelley, James Mackay, Robert Christopher Riley, Sam Adegoke, Rafael de la Fuente, Alan Dale, and Grant Show.", "List of Dynasty (2017 TV series) characters __knowledge__ In the story, heiress Fallon Carrington (Gillies) is unhappy to find her billionaire father Blake (Show) engaged to Cristal Flores (Kelley), a rival employee at the family company.", "List of Dynasty (2017 TV series) characters __knowledge__ When Fallon's machinations to separate the couple backfire and cost her a promotion, she allies with Blake's nemesis, Jeff Colby (Adegoke), and strikes out on her own.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication refers to the use of communication to facilitate social development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication engages stakeholders and policy makers, establishes conducive environments, assesses risks and opportunities and promotes information exchanges to bring about positive social change via sustainable development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication techniques include information dissemination and education, behavior change, social marketing, social mobilization, media advocacy, communication for social change and community participation.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication has been labeled the \"Fifth Theory of the Press\", with \"social transformation and development\", and \"the fulfillment of basic needs\" as its primary purposes.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "Hypostatic model of personality __knowledge__ The hypostatic model of personality is a view asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.", "Hypostatic model of personality __knowledge__ It is both a dimensional model and an aspect theory, in the sense of the concept of multiplicity.", "Hypostatic model of personality __knowledge__ The model falls into the category of complex, biopsychosocial approaches to personality.", "Hypostatic model of personality __knowledge__ The term hypostasis can cover a wide range of personality-related entities usually known as type, stage, trait, system, approach.", "Hypostatic model of personality __knowledge__ The history of the concept can be traced back to Peirce's hypostatic abstraction, or personification of traits.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Melodrama __knowledge__ A melodrama is a dramatic work in which the plot, which is typically sensational and designed to appeal strongly to the emotions, takes precedence over detailed characterization.", "Melodrama __knowledge__ Characters are often simply drawn, and may appear stereotyped.", "Melodrama __knowledge__ In scholarly and historical musical contexts, \"melodramas\" are Victorian dramas in which orchestral music or song was used to accompany the action.", "Melodrama __knowledge__ The term is now also applied to stage performances without incidental music, novels, movies, and television and radio broadcasts.", "Melodrama __knowledge__ In modern contexts, the term \"melodrama\" is generally pejorative, as it suggests that the work in question lacks subtlety, character development, or both.", "Adam Shankman __knowledge__ Adam Michael Shankman (born November 27, 1964) is an American film director, producer, dancer, author, actor, and choreographer.", "Adam Shankman __knowledge__ He was a judge on seasons 3-10 of the television program \"So You Think You Can Dance\" He began his professional career in musical theater, and was a dancer in music videos for Paula Abdul and Janet Jackson.", "Adam Shankman __knowledge__ Shankman has choreographed dozens of films and has also directed several feature-length box office hits, including \"A Walk to Remember\", \"Bringing Down the House\", \"The Pacifier\" and the 2007 remake of \"Hairspray\".", "Adam Shankman __knowledge__ His company, Offspring Entertainment (which he co-owns with his sister) produces films and television for various studios and networks.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Genre studies is an academic subject which studies genre theory as a branch of general critical theory in several different fields, including the literary or artistic, linguistic, or rhetorical.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Literary genre studies is a structuralist approach to the study of genre and genre theory in literary theory, film theory, and other cultural theories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ The study of a genre in this way examines the structural elements that combine in the telling of a story and finds patterns in collections of stories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ When these elements (or semiotic codes) begin to carry inherent information, a genre emerges.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Linguistic genre studies is best described by two schools of literary genre, the Systemic Functional Linguistics or \"SFL\", scholars of this school believe that language structure is an integral part of a text's social context and function.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature or juvenile literature includes stories, books, magazines, and poems that are enjoyed by children.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Modern children's literature is classified in two different ways: genre or the intended age of the reader.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature can be traced to stories and songs, part of a wider oral tradition, that adults shared with children before publishing existed.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ The development of early children's literature, before printing was invented, is difficult to trace.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Even after printing became widespread, many classic \"children's\" tales were originally created for adults and later adapted for a younger audience.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (, \"Hē Kainḕ Diathḗkē\"; ) is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (in whole or in part) has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world.", "New Testament __knowledge__ It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated (along with readings from the Old Testament) into the various Christian liturgies.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ An adventure game is a video game in which the player assumes the role of a protagonist in an interactive story driven by exploration and puzzle-solving.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ The genre's focus on story allows it to draw heavily from other narrative-based media, literature and film, encompassing a wide variety of literary genres.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ Many adventure games (text and graphic) are designed for a single player, since this emphasis on story and character makes multi-player design difficult.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ \"Colossal Cave Adventure\" is identified as the first such adventure game, first released in 1976, while other notable adventure game series include \"Zork\", \"King's Quest\", \"The Secret of Monkey Island\", and \"Myst\".", "Chicago (band) __knowledge__ Chicago is an American rock band formed in 1967 in Chicago, Illinois as The Chicago Transit Authority before shortening the name in 1970.", "Chicago (band) __knowledge__ The self-described \"rock and roll band with horns\" began as a politically charged, sometimes experimental, rock band and later moved to a predominantly softer sound, generating several hit ballads.", "Chicago (band) __knowledge__ The group had a steady stream of hits throughout the 1970s and 1980s.", "Chicago (band) __knowledge__ Since at least 2008, \"Billboard\" has shown Chicago to be the \"greatest of all time\" American band in singles chart success, and since 2015, the \"greatest of all time\" American band in album chart success as well.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ Bayesian inference is a statistical tool that can be applied to motor learning, specifically to adaptation.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ Adaptation is a short-term learning process involving gradual improvement in performance in response to a change in sensory information.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ Bayesian inference is used to describe the way the nervous system combines this sensory information with prior knowledge to estimate the position or other characteristics of something in the environment.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ Bayesian inference can also be used to show how information from multiple senses (e.g.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ visual and proprioception) can be combine for the same purpose.", "Bayesian inference in motor learning __knowledge__ In either case, Bayesian inference dictates that the estimate is most influenced by whichever information is most certain.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Jean Piaget (; 9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist and epistemologist known for his pioneering work in child development.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Piaget's theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called \"genetic epistemology\".", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Piaget placed great importance on the education of children.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ As the Director of the International Bureau of Education, he declared in 1934 that \"only education is capable of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual.\"", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ His theory of child development is studied in pre-service education programs.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Educators continue to incorporate constructivist-based strategies.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Reader-response criticism is a school of literary theory that focuses on the reader (or \"audience\") and their experience of a literary work, in contrast to other schools and theories that focus attention primarily on the author or the content and form of the work.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Although literary theory has long paid some attention to the reader's role in creating the meaning and experience of a literary work, modern reader-response criticism began in the 1960s and '70s, particularly in the US and Germany, in work by Norman Holland, Stanley Fish, Wolfgang Iser, Hans-Robert Jauss, Roland Barthes, and others.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Important predecessors were I.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Zero-point energy (ZPE) or ground state energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Unlike in classical mechanics, quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ As well as atoms and molecules, the empty space of the vacuum has these properties.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ According to Quantum Field Theory the universe can be thought of not as isolated particles but continuous fluctuating fields: matter fields, whose quanta are fermions (i.e.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ leptons and quarks), and force fields, whose quanta are bosons (e.g.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ photons and gluons).", "Sociology __knowledge__ Sociology is the scientific study of society, including patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture.", "Sociology __knowledge__ It is a social science that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order, acceptance, and change.", "Sociology __knowledge__ Many sociologists aim to conduct research that may be applied directly to social policy and welfare, while others focus primarily on refining the theoretical understanding of social processes.", "Sociology __knowledge__ Subject matter ranges from the micro-sociology level of individual agency and interaction to the macro level of systems and the social structure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ Amazing Stories Quarterly was a U.S. science fiction pulp magazine published from 1928 to 1934.", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ It was launched by Hugo Gernsback as a companion to his \"Amazing Stories\", the first science fiction magazine, which had begun publishing in April 1926.", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ \"Amazing Stories\" had been successful enough for Gernsback to try a single issue of \"Amazing Stories Annual\" in 1927, which had sold well, and he decided to follow it up with a quarterly magazine.", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ The first issue of \"Amazing Stories Quarterly\" was dated Winter 1928 and carried a reprint of H.G.", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ Wells' \"When the Sleeper Wakes\".", "Amazing Stories Quarterly __knowledge__ Gernsback's policy of running a novel in each issue was popular with his readership, though the choice of Wells' novel was less so.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is a fantasy, horror, and science fiction television anthology series created by Steven Spielberg.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ It originally ran on NBC in the United States from 1985 to 1987.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was nominated for 12 Emmy Awards and won five.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ The first season episode \"The Amazing Falsworth\" earned writer Mick Garris an Edgar Award for Best Episode in a TV Series.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ It was not a ratings hit (ranking 40th in Season 1 and 52nd in Season 2), however, and the network did not renew it after the two-year contract expired.", "Amazing Stories (TV series) __knowledge__ The 1987 science fiction film \"Batteries Not Included\" was originally intended as a story for \"Amazing Stories\", but Spielberg liked the idea so much that he decided to make it a theatrical release.", "David H. Keller __knowledge__ David Henry Keller (December 23, 1880 – July 13, 1966) was a writer for pulp magazines in the mid-twentieth century who wrote science fiction, fantasy and horror.", "David H. Keller __knowledge__ He was the first psychiatrist to write for the genre, and was most often published as David H. Keller, MD, but also known by the pseudonyms Monk Smith, Matthew Smith, Amy Worth, Henry Cecil, Cecilia Henry, and Jacobus Hubelaire.", "David H. Keller __knowledge__ John Clute has written, \"It is clear enough that Keller's conceptual inventiveness, and his cultural gloom, are worth more attention than they have received; it is also clear that he fatally scanted the actual craft of writing, and that therefore he is likely never to be fully appreciated.\"", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ Sci-Fi on the Rock is an annual science fiction, fantasy and horror festival held in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It was founded by Darren Hann and Melanie Collins in mid-to-late 2006, and held its first festival in 2007.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It began in 2007 at the Hotel Mount Pearl, moving on to be housed in the Holiday Inn in St. John's as of April 2008.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The convention made another move in 2016 to the Sheraton Hotel Newfoundland.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The festival has had a number a notable guests both from Newfoundland and beyond, including science-fiction author Kenneth Tam (\"Defense Command\", \"His Majesty's New World\"), comic-book artist Paul Tucker (\"The Underworld Railroad\", \"Google John Smith\"), actor Brian Downey (\"Lexx\", \"Millennium\"), actor Jeremy Bulloch (\"The Empire Strikes Back\", \"Octopussy\"), author William Meikle (\"The Midnight Eye\" series), horror author Matthew LeDrew (\"Black Womb\", \"Roulette\") and author Shannon Patrick Sullivan (\"The Dying Days\").", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ Stargate SG-1 (often abbreviated as SG-1) is a military science fiction adventure television series and part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Stargate\" franchise.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The show, created by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, is based on the 1994 science fiction film \"Stargate\" by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The television series was filmed in and around the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The series premiered on Showtime on July 27, 1997 and moved to the Sci Fi Channel on June 7, 2002; the final episode first aired on Sky1 on March 13, 2007.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ With 214 episodes over ten seasons, \"Stargate SG-1\" had surpassed \"The X-Files\" as the longest-running North American science fiction television series, until it was surpassed by the series \"Smallville\" in 2011.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Miscue analysis was originally developed by Ken Goodman for the purpose of understanding the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ It is a diagnostic tool that helps researchers/teachers gain insight into the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ The term \"miscue\" was initiated by Ken Goodman to describe an observed response in the reading process that does not match the expected response.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Goodman uses the term \"miscue,\" rather than \"error\" or \"mistake\" to avoid value implications.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ He states that the departures from the text are not necessarily a negative aspect of the reading process but rather \"windows on the reading process\" (Goodman, 1969, p. 123).", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" in Canada and the United States refers to the broadcast history of the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\" in those countries.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" had an early Canadian connection.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The series was conceived by Canadian expatriate Sydney Newman while he was the BBC's Head of Drama.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The series may have been inspired by a short-lived segment (canceled because parents complained that it was \"too frightening\" for their children) on the Canadian version of \"Howdy Doody\".", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The segment featured a character surprisingly similar to the Doctor, a puppet called Mr. X who traveled through time and space in his \"Whatsis Box\" teaching children about history.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi Channel and Sci Fi) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "Syfy __knowledge__ The channel features science fiction, fantasy, horror, supernatural, paranormal, drama, and reality programming.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy is available to 92.4 million households in America.", "Syfy __knowledge__ In 1989, Boca Raton, Florida, communications attorney Mitchell Rubenstein and his wife Laurie Silvers devised the concept for the Sci-Fi Channel, and planned to have it begin broadcasting in December 1990, but lacked the resources to launch it.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the Canadian science fiction–fantasy television series \"Sanctuary\" premiered on the Sci Fi Channel in the United States on October 3, 2008, and concluded on ITV4 in the United Kingdom on January 5, 2009, after 13 episodes.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ It follows the actions of a secret organization known as the Sanctuary, who track down a series of creatures known as abnormals, and then bring them to the Sanctuary for refuge.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ The main story arc of the season involves the Sanctuary working against the Cabal, an organization who seek to control all abnormals for their own gain.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ Amanda Tapping, Robin Dunne, Emilie Ullerup, and Christopher Heyerdahl are billed in the opening credits as the main cast.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ Eye movement in music reading is the scanning of a musical score by a musician's eyes.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ This usually occurs as the music is read during performance, although musicians sometimes scan music silently to study it.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ The phenomenon has been studied by researchers from a range of backgrounds, including cognitive psychology and music education.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ These studies have typically reflected a curiosity among performing musicians about a central process in their craft, and a hope that investigating eye movement might help in the development of more effective methods of training musicians' sight reading skills.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ A central aspect of music reading is the sequence of alternating saccades and fixations, as it is for most oculomotor tasks." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 0, 5 ]

[ "I love reading ! A good novel is stimulating to the brain. Its a means of communication and sharing ideas ", "Definitely, its a complex interaction between the text and reader. They can draw on previous knowledge , and apply it.", "I prefer to read a good sci fi book. This reading process requires immediate and constant practice, learning and refinement. ", "I respect that. I like to take that creativity and provide critical analysis of the book before I read it to see if its a good read. :)" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Horse training\nHorse training looks so cool, but I know almost nothing about it.", "What are some common things horses are trained to do?", "I never thought about horses being trained for therapeutic reasons, that's really intersting. Can you tell me more about it?", "I had no idea! I bet the riding is really comforting for those in need." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "Natural horsemanship __knowledge__ Natural horsemanship is a collective term for a variety of horse training techniques which have seen rapid growth in popularity since the 1980s.", "Natural horsemanship __knowledge__ The techniques vary in their precise tenets but generally share principles of developing a rapport with horses, using methods said to be derived from observation of the natural behavior of free-roaming horses and rejecting abusive training methods.", "Natural horsemanship __knowledge__ Natural horsemanship practitioners often describe their principles with evangelical zeal, describing the approach as being a radical departure from \"traditional\" techniques, which are often portrayed as being based in the use of unnecessary force.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Horse Behaviour has been studied by horse users for centuries, as the horse was one of the first animals mankind domesticated and understanding its behaviour has always been important in horse welfare and in training to get the best use out of a horse.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ In the wild, horses are prey animals that live in herds, which affects their reactions to other horses and to the world around them.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Their behaviour in wild, feral conditions has been studied extensively as has their reactions to living and working in domestic situations.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Interactions with other horses, such as dominance and communication methods has been studied extensively and numerous books and videos exist on different aspects of horse behaviour.", "Horse trainer __knowledge__ A horse trainer is a person who tends to horses and teaches them different disciplines.", "Horse trainer __knowledge__ Some of the responsibilities trainers have are caring for the animals’ physical needs, as well as teaching them submissive behaviors and/or coaching them for events, which may include contests and other riding purposes.", "Horse trainer __knowledge__ The level of education and the yearly salary they can earn for this profession may differ depending on where the person is employed.", "Horse trainer __knowledge__ Horse domestication by the Botai culture in Kazakhstan dates to about 3500 BC.", "Horse trainer __knowledge__ Written records of horse training as a pursuit has been documented as early as 1350 BC, by Kikkuli, the Hurrian \"master horse trainer\" of the Hittite Empire.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Horses play a large role in the daily and national life of the Mongols; it is traditionally said that \"A Mongol without a horse is like a bird without the wings.\"", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Elizabeth Kendall, who travelled through Mongolia in 1911, observed, \"To appreciate the Mongol you must see him on horseback,—and indeed you rarely see him otherwise, for he does not put foot to ground if he can help it.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ The Mongol without his pony is only half a Mongol, but with his pony he is as good as two men.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ It is a fine sight to see him tearing over the plain, loose bridle, easy seat, much like the Western cowboy, but with less sprawl.\"", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ Professor Jesse Beery (June 13, 1861 – February, 1945) was an American horse trainer and writer.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ He claimed he could train any horse, horses that ran away, horses that pulled too hard, horses that were spooked too easily and horses that refused to be shoed.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ His best-known work was \"Prof. Beery's Mail Course in Horsemanship,\" and sold widely through mail-order ads placed in various equine magazines.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ His horse training methods are claimed to have been used by horse trainers all over the world over the last hundred years.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ Jesse Beery was the son of Enoch and Mary Beery.", "Jesse Beery __knowledge__ The Beery family, with its eight members, resided in Pleasant Hill, Ohio." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "Anini __knowledge__ Anini () is the headquarters of the Dibang Valley district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in Northeast India.", "Anini __knowledge__ Anini was also the district headquarters of the undivided Dibang Valley district.", "Anini __knowledge__ It is a small underdeveloped town, mainly because of its remoteness.", "Anini __knowledge__ Yet, it still has basic road and air links to the rest of India.", "Anini __knowledge__ The Idu Mishmi tribal people constitute a majority here.", "Anini __knowledge__ The town is fully dependent on the nearest major settlement, Roing, which is in the Lower Dibang Valley District, for most commercial needs.", "Anini __knowledge__ Anini's name may have come from Inini or Innini.", "Anini __knowledge__ Historical maps of Arunachal Pradesh from times before the Lower Dibang Valley district was carved out of the Dibang Valley District in 2001, and before Roing was established, indicate the capital of the Dibang Valley District being \"Inini\".", "Common sense __knowledge__ Common sense is sound practical judgment concerning everyday matters, or a basic ability to perceive, understand, and judge that is shared by (\"common to\") nearly all people.", "Common sense __knowledge__ The first type of common sense, good sense, can be described as \"the knack for seeing things as they are, and doing things as they ought to be done.\"", "Common sense __knowledge__ The second type is sometimes described as folk wisdom, \"signifying unreflective knowledge not reliant on specialized training or deliberative thought.\"", "Common sense __knowledge__ The two types are intertwined, as the person who has common sense is in touch with common-sense ideas, which emerge from the lived experiences of those commonsensical enough to perceive them.", "The Personal Heresy __knowledge__ The Personal Heresy is a series of articles, three each by C.S.", "The Personal Heresy __knowledge__ Lewis and E. M. W. (Eustace Mandeville Wetenhall) Tillyard, first published on 27 April 1939 by Oxford University Press and later reprinted, also by Oxford University Press, in 1965.", "The Personal Heresy __knowledge__ The book has been reprinted in 2008 by Concordia University Press with an Introduction by Lewis scholar Bruce L. Edwards and a new Preface by the editor, Joel D. Heck.", "The Personal Heresy __knowledge__ The central issue of the essays is whether a piece of imaginative writing, particularly poetry, is primarily a reflection of the author's personality (Tillyard's position) or is about something external to the author (Lewis's position).", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of horses ridden in warfare dates from Eurasia between 4000 and 3000 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ A Sumerian illustration of warfare from 2500 BC depicts some type of equine pulling wagons.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ By 1600 BC, improved harness and chariot designs made chariot warfare common throughout the Ancient Near East, and the earliest written training manual for war horses was a guide for training chariot horses written about 1350 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ As formal cavalry tactics replaced the chariot, so did new training methods, and by 360 BC, the Greek cavalry officer Xenophon had written an extensive treatise on horsemanship.", "John Miller (equerry) __knowledge__ Lt.-Col. Sir John Mansel Miller (4 February 1919 – 17 May 2006) was a British Army officer and equestrian who served as Crown Equerry to Queen Elizabeth II from 1961–87.", "John Miller (equerry) __knowledge__ Miller was born in Wheatley, Oxfordshire, the third son of Brigadier-General Alfred Douglas Miller and Ella Geraldine (\"née\" Fletcher).", "John Miller (equerry) __knowledge__ His mother was a descendant of political writer Andrew Fletcher, and of the Earls of Wemyss and March.", "John Miller (equerry) __knowledge__ His maternal great-grandfather Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot was Member of Parliament for Glamorgan for 60 years and Father of the House.", "John Miller (equerry) __knowledge__ His great-great grandfather was Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Glengall.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages differed in size, build and breed from the modern horse, and were, on average, smaller.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ They were also more central to society than their modern counterparts, being essential for war, agriculture, and transport.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Consequently, specific types of horse developed, many of which have no modern equivalent.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ While an understanding of modern horse breeds and equestrianism is vital for any analysis of the medieval horse, researchers also need to consider documentary (both written and pictorial) and archaeological evidence.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages were rarely differentiated by breed, but rather by use.", "AAA Western Valley District __knowledge__ The AAA Western Valley District was a high school conference in the state of Virginia that included the small number of schools in Central and Southwest Virginia which competed in Group AAA, is largest enrollment class of the Virginia High School League.", "AAA Western Valley District __knowledge__ The Western Valley District schools competed in the AAA Northwest Region with the schools from the AAA Cardinal District, the AAA Cedar Run District, and the AAA Commonwealth District.", "AAA Western Valley District __knowledge__ In the 2013-2014 school year, the schools of the Western Valley District were assigned to the previously Group AA based AA River Ridge District, AA Blue Ridge District, and AA Piedmont District.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "Ethics of circumcision __knowledge__ Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin (prepuce) from the human penis.", "Ethics of circumcision __knowledge__ The ethics of non-therapeutic circumcision being imposed on unconsenting minors (babies and children) has been a source of ongoing controversy.", "Ethics of circumcision __knowledge__ Some medical associations take the position that the parents should determine what is in the best interest of the infant or child, while others say that circumcision of male minors should be restricted \"as much as possible,\" and that \"it is reasonable to put off circumcision until the age at which ... the boy himself can decide about the intervention, or can opt for any available alternatives.\"", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Equine-assisted therapy (EAT) encompasses a range of treatments that involve activities with horses and other equines to promote human physical and mental health.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ The use of EAT has roots in antiquity, and EAT applies to physical health issues in modern form dates to the 1960s.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Modern of horses for mental health treatment dates to the 1990s.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Systematic review of studies of EAT as applied to physical health date only to about 2007, and a lack of common terminology and standardization has caused problems with meta-analysis.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Due to a lack of high-quality studies assessing the efficacy of equine-assisted therapies for mental health treatment, concerns have been raised that these therapies should not replace or divert resources from other evidence-based mental health therapies.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, (28 September 1852 – 22 May 1925), known as Sir John French from 1901 to 1916, and as The Viscount French between 1916 and 1922, was a senior British Army officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an Anglo-Irish family, he saw brief service as a midshipman in the Royal Navy, before becoming a cavalry officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ He achieved rapid promotion and distinguished himself on the Gordon Relief Expedition.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ French had a considerable reputation as a womaniser throughout his life and his career nearly ended when he was cited in the divorce of a brother officer whilst in India in the early 1890s.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the human penis.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ In the most common procedure, the foreskin is opened, adhesions are removed, and the foreskin is separated from the glans.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ After that, a circumcision device may be placed and then the foreskin is cut off.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ Topical or locally injected anesthesia is used to reduce pain and physiologic stress.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ For adults and children, general anesthesia is an option and the procedure may be performed without a specialized circumcision device.", "Circumcision __knowledge__ The procedure is most often an elective surgery performed on babies and children for religious or cultural reasons.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The Phantom Stallion books, first published in 2002 by Avon Books, are a series written for young adult readers by American Terri Farley.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The main character is a girl named Samantha \"Sam\" Forster who shares a unique bond with a wild horse called The Phantom Stallion.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Having spent two years away from her family's Las Vegas, Nevada ranch to recover from a riding accident, Sam returns home to find that things are never easy where horses are concerned.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ There are 24 books in the series with one million copies sold worldwide.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Almost every book has a new equine character as its focus and Sam and her friends battle horse thieves, cougars, earthquakes and more to keep their horses safe.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ Frank \"Frankie\" Lovato Jr. (born January 30, 1963 in Cheverly, Maryland) is a retired Award-winning American Thoroughbred jockey, inventor, and educator of horse racing.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ His racing career spanned from 1979 until 2004.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ Including one additional race in 2012, Lovato rode a total of 15,604 mounts, with 1,686 wins and finishing in the money on another 3,506.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ This total included wins in 111 stakes races at 25 different tracks.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ The horses he rode earned a total of $41,795,367.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ In 1980 he won the Eclipse Award for Apprentice Jockey.", "Frank Lovato Jr. __knowledge__ He later went on to invent a horse riding simulator called the Equicizer and founded an educational and training program called Jockey World.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Hinchinbrook Farm Society __knowledge__ Hinchinbrook Farm Society is a volunteer and non-profit organization for families of special needs children.", "Hinchinbrook Farm Society __knowledge__ The farm is located in Blockhouse, Nova Scotia and maintains standards set forth by the Canadian Therapeutic Riding Association (CanTRA).", "Hinchinbrook Farm Society __knowledge__ Hinchinbrook Farm provides Therapeutic riding to families with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by employing the Horse Boy Method.", "Hinchinbrook Farm Society __knowledge__ The therapeutic riding program is one of four in Nova Scotia which is registered with the Nova Scotia Equestrian Federation.", "Hinchinbrook Farm Society __knowledge__ Hinchinbrook Farm was created by Patricia McGill in 2007 in order to provide therapeutic riding to children who are mentally challenged.", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a type of therapy that involves animals as a form of treatment.", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ The goal of AAT is to improve a patient's social, emotional, or cognitive functioning.", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Advocates state that animals can be useful for educational and motivational effectiveness for participants.", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ A therapist who brings along a pet may be viewed as being less threatening, increasing the rapport between patient and therapist.", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Animals used in therapy include domesticated pets, farm animals and marine mammals (such as dolphins).", "Animal-assisted therapy __knowledge__ The research literature states concerns about the poor quality of medical evidence underpinning AAT.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ The Examination Schools of the University of Oxford are located at 75–81 High Street, Oxford, England.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ The building was designed by Sir Thomas Jackson (1835–1924), who also designed the cricket pavilion in the University Parks.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ The designs for the building were prepared in 1876 and it was completed in 1882, in Clipsham stone.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ The Examination Schools building is Grade II listed.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ The main purpose of the Schools is for the organisation and administration of the university examinations.", "Examination Schools __knowledge__ Many of the final and other examinations for the University's students take place in the building, especially during Trinity Term.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Roulette __knowledge__ Roulette is a casino game named after the French word meaning \"little wheel\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number, various groupings of numbers, the colors red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the numbers are high (19–36) or low (1–18).", "Roulette __knowledge__ Interestingly, the sum of all the numbers on the roulette wheel (from 0 to 36) is 666, which is the \"Number of the Beast\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ One legend says that François Blanc made a deal with the devil to obtain the secrets of roulette.", "Roulette __knowledge__ To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the wheel.", "Oxford University Student Union __knowledge__ The Oxford University Student Union is the official students' union of the University of Oxford.", "Oxford University Student Union __knowledge__ It is better known in Oxford under the branding Oxford SU.", "Oxford University Student Union __knowledge__ It exists to represent Oxford University students in the University's decision-making, to act as the voice for students in the national higher education policy debate, and to provide direct services to the student body.", "Oxford University Student Union __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with the Oxford Union debating society, which, although similarly named, is separate private club with no representative functions.", "Oxford University Student Union __knowledge__ In 1961, the University Proctors banned the student magazine \"Isis\" from publishing reviews of lectures.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Biological bet hedging occurs when organisms suffer decreased fitness in their typical conditions in exchange for increased fitness in stressful conditions.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Biological bet hedging was originally proposed to explain the observation of a seed bank, or a reservoir of ungerminated seeds in the soil.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ For example, an annual plant's fitness is maximized for that year if all of its seeds germinate.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ However, if a drought occurs that kills germinated plants, but not ungerminated seeds, plants with seeds remaining in the seed bank will have a fitness advantage.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Therefore, it can be advantageous for plants to \"hedge their bets\" in case of a drought by producing some seeds that germinate immediately and other seeds that lie dormant.", "Bet Tzedek Legal Services – The House of Justice __knowledge__ Bet Tzedek is an American non-profit human and poverty rights organization, internationally recognized for its work in providing unique advocacy and support for people living in poverty, and for communities victimized by discrimination and civil rights abuses.", "Bet Tzedek Legal Services – The House of Justice __knowledge__ One of the United States' leading centers for social justice, Bet Tzedek is based in Los Angeles, California.", "Bet Tzedek Legal Services – The House of Justice __knowledge__ It was founded in 1974 by a group of Jewish attorneys determined to address the human rights issues and humanitarian needs endemic to Los Angeles.", "Bet Tzedek Legal Services – The House of Justice __knowledge__ Their social justice philosophy was rooted in a central tenet of Jewish law and teaching: \"Tzedek, tzedek tirdof – Justice, justice you shall pursue.\"", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (, literally \"horse of Finland\"; nickname: \"Suokki\", or , literally \"finnish cold-blood\") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In English it is sometimes called the Finnish Universal, as the Finns consider the breed capable of fulfilling all of Finland's horse needs, including agricultural and forestry work, harness racing, and riding.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In 2007, the breed was declared the official national horse breed of Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse is claimed to be among the fastest and most versatile \"coldblood\" breeds in the world.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages differed in size, build and breed from the modern horse, and were, on average, smaller.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ They were also more central to society than their modern counterparts, being essential for war, agriculture, and transport.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Consequently, specific types of horse developed, many of which have no modern equivalent.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ While an understanding of modern horse breeds and equestrianism is vital for any analysis of the medieval horse, researchers also need to consider documentary (both written and pictorial) and archaeological evidence.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages were rarely differentiated by breed, but rather by use.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of horses ridden in warfare dates from Eurasia between 4000 and 3000 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ A Sumerian illustration of warfare from 2500 BC depicts some type of equine pulling wagons.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ By 1600 BC, improved harness and chariot designs made chariot warfare common throughout the Ancient Near East, and the earliest written training manual for war horses was a guide for training chariot horses written about 1350 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ As formal cavalry tactics replaced the chariot, so did new training methods, and by 360 BC, the Greek cavalry officer Xenophon had written an extensive treatise on horsemanship.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Equine-assisted therapy (EAT) encompasses a range of treatments that involve activities with horses and other equines to promote human physical and mental health.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ The use of EAT has roots in antiquity, and EAT applies to physical health issues in modern form dates to the 1960s.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Modern of horses for mental health treatment dates to the 1990s.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Systematic review of studies of EAT as applied to physical health date only to about 2007, and a lack of common terminology and standardization has caused problems with meta-analysis.", "Equine-assisted therapy __knowledge__ Due to a lack of high-quality studies assessing the efficacy of equine-assisted therapies for mental health treatment, concerns have been raised that these therapies should not replace or divert resources from other evidence-based mental health therapies.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG \"ḥiṣān ʿarabī\") is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse.", "The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy __knowledge__ The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy (FCRT) provides education and therapy through horses.", "The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy __knowledge__ It is a UK based registered charity serving as Independent Specialist Provision for young horse enthusiasts with Learning Difficulties and Disabilities whose educational needs post-16 cannot be met in government provision.", "The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy __knowledge__ The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy operates a residential “Further Education Through Horsemastership” (FETH) Course.", "The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy __knowledge__ FETH course students develop the skills that they require to lead more independent lives.", "The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy __knowledge__ The use and involvement of horses in the education process is at the core of its unique work." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 67 ]

[ "Yes, it seems interesting but I don't have much expertise since I have never owned a horse. It would be nice to teach one to perform in certain ways.", "I would say usually they are trained for activities like horse racing and therapeutic riding for those with disabilities.", "Historically, horses were trained more for warfare, farm work, and sport. Now the uses have expanded even to offer assistance with calm riding therapy.", "I agree, there have not been many studies to corroborate that yet but modern use of horses for therapy can be dated back to the 1990's." ]

[ "Horse training", "Horse training", "Horse training", "Horse training" ]

[ "Horse", "Cool name! I do like horses. I used to ride them when I was younger.", "Oh wow. I did not know that. Multi toe like camels?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Equine welfare describes the acceptable conditions of life and use for domesticated horses, in contrast to suffering produced by voluntary or involuntary actions of others, whether through physical abuse, mutilation, neglect, or other forms of ill treatment.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Debates about the welfare and abuse of horses are recent.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, when the sight of a horse dying while working was commonplace, the first wave of awareness was born with the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the publication of the novel \"Black Beauty\" in England.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ France followed suit with the creation of the French League for the Protection of the Horse and the passage of the Grammont Law in 1850.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Zebras ( or ) are several species of African equids (horse family) united by their distinctive black and white striped coats.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Their stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual.", "Zebra __knowledge__ They are generally social animals that live in small harems to large herds.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Unlike their closest relatives, horses and donkeys, zebras have never been truly domesticated.", "Zebra __knowledge__ There are three species of zebras: the plains zebra, the mountain zebra and the Grévy's zebra.", "Zebra __knowledge__ The plains zebra and the mountain zebra belong to the subgenus \"Hippotigris\", but Grévy's zebra is the sole species of subgenus \"Dolichohippus\".", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Equine nutrition is the feeding of horses, ponies, mules, donkeys, and other equines.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Correct and balanced nutrition is a critical component of proper horse care.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses are non-ruminant herbivores of a type known as a \"hindgut fermenter.\"", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses have only one stomach, as do humans.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ However, unlike humans, they also have to utilize plant fiber (largely cellulose) that comes from grass and hay.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Ruminants like cattle are foregut fermenters, and digest fiber in plant matter by use of a multi-chambered stomach, whereas horses use microbial fermentation in a part of the digestive system known as the \"cecum\" (or \"caecum\") to break down the cellulose.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Horses play a large role in the daily and national life of the Mongols; it is traditionally said that \"A Mongol without a horse is like a bird without the wings.\"", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Elizabeth Kendall, who travelled through Mongolia in 1911, observed, \"To appreciate the Mongol you must see him on horseback,—and indeed you rarely see him otherwise, for he does not put foot to ground if he can help it.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ The Mongol without his pony is only half a Mongol, but with his pony he is as good as two men.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ It is a fine sight to see him tearing over the plain, loose bridle, easy seat, much like the Western cowboy, but with less sprawl.\"", "Chiune Sugihara __knowledge__ Sugihara told the refugees to call him \"Sempo\" – the Sino-Japanese reading of the Japanese characters of his given name – as it was easier for non-Japanese persons to pronounce.", "Chiune Sugihara __knowledge__ Chiune Sugihara was born on January 1, 1900 (Meiji 33), Mugi district () Kozuchi Town (), known today as Mino City () in Gifu Prefecture, to a middle-class father, Yoshimi Sugihara ( \"Sugihara Yoshimi\"), and an upper-middle class mother, Yatsu Sugihara ( \"Sugihara Yatsu\").", "Chiune Sugihara __knowledge__ When he was born, his father worked at a tax office in Kozuchi-town and his family lived in a borrowed temple, with the Buddhist temple Kyōsen-ji () where he was born nearby.", "Elton John __knowledge__ Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer.", "Elton John __knowledge__ He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967; they have collaborated on more than 30 albums to date.", "Elton John __knowledge__ In his five-decade career Elton John has sold more than 300million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists in the world.", "Elton John __knowledge__ He has more than fifty Top 40 hits, including seven consecutive No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 1 US albums, 58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles, 27 Top 10, four No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 2 and nine No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 1.", "Elton John __knowledge__ For 31 consecutive years (1970–2000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Joseph Mercer, OBE (born 25 October 1934) is a retired English thoroughbred race horse jockey.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was active as a jockey from 1947 to 1985 and rode a total of 2,810 winners in Britain.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Mercer's nickname was \"Smokin' Joe\".", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was apprenticed to trainer Frederick Sneyd and won his first British Classic race while still an apprentice on Ambiguity in the 1953 Epsom Oaks.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was British flat racing Champion Apprentice twice, in 1952 and 1953.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He subsequently worked as stable jockey for Jack Colling, Dick Hern, Henry Cecil and Peter Walwyn.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ During his spell at Cecil's yard he won his only British flat racing Champion Jockey's title in 1979.", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ Cobra Commander is a fictional character from the \"\" toyline, comic books, and cartoon series.", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ He is the supreme leader of the terrorist organization Cobra, and is the principal antagonist and archenemy of the Joes.", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ The character is also featured as an opponent of G.I.", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ Joe in other series, such as \"\" and \"\", as well as subsequent comic books, video games, and movies.", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Joseph Gordon-Levitt in the film \"\", and by Luke Bracey with the voice of Robert Baker in the 2013 sequel \"\".", "Cobra Commander __knowledge__ Cobra Commander is a fanatical leader who rules with an iron fist and demands total loyalty and allegiance.", "Canterwood Crest __knowledge__ Canterwood Crest is a series of novels by author Jessica Burkhart, premiering with the 2009 book \"Take the Reins\".", "Canterwood Crest __knowledge__ The series follows young student Sasha Silver as she enters Canterwood Crest Academy, an elite school housing highly competitive equestrian riders.", "Canterwood Crest __knowledge__ While attending Canterwood, Sasha encounters a disparate collection of students, including the snobbish alpha rider, Heather Fox, and eventual love interest named Jacob.", "Canterwood Crest __knowledge__ As events transpire, the team members attempt to work together amidst a slew of personality clashes and romantic conflicts.", "Canterwood Crest __knowledge__ In the later books, the series switches focus to new characters Drew Adams and Lauren Towers.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG \"ḥiṣān ʿarabī\") is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The Phantom Stallion books, first published in 2002 by Avon Books, are a series written for young adult readers by American Terri Farley.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The main character is a girl named Samantha \"Sam\" Forster who shares a unique bond with a wild horse called The Phantom Stallion.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Having spent two years away from her family's Las Vegas, Nevada ranch to recover from a riding accident, Sam returns home to find that things are never easy where horses are concerned.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ There are 24 books in the series with one million copies sold worldwide.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Almost every book has a new equine character as its focus and Sam and her friends battle horse thieves, cougars, earthquakes and more to keep their horses safe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Camel __knowledge__ A camel is an even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus, bearing distinctive fatty deposits known as \"humps\" on its back.", "Camel __knowledge__ The three surviving species of camel are the dromedary, or one-humped camel (\"C. dromedarius\"), which inhabits the Middle East and the Horn of Africa; the Bactrian, or two-humped camel (\"C. bactrianus\"), which inhabits Central Asia; and the critically endangered wild Bactrian camel (\"C. ferus\") that has limited populations in remote areas of northwest China and Mongolia.", "Camel __knowledge__ Bactrian camels take their name from the historical Bactria region of Central Asia.", "Camel __knowledge__ Additionally one other species of camel in the separate genus Camelops, \"C. hesternus\" lived in western North America and became extinct when humans entered the continent at the end of the Pleistocene.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia ( from Latin \"mamma\" \"breast\"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Females of all mammal species nurse their young with milk, secreted from the mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals include the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The basic body type is a terrestrial quadruped, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, underground or on two legs.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables the feeding of the fetus during gestation.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ Ungulates (pronounced ) are any members of a diverse group of primarily large mammals that includes odd-toed ungulates such as horses and rhinoceroses, and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, camels, deer, and hippopotamuses.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ Most terrestrial ungulates use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to sustain their whole body weight while moving.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ The term means, roughly, \"being hoofed\" or \"hoofed animal\".", "Ungulate __knowledge__ As a descriptive term, \"ungulate\" normally excludes cetaceans (whales, dolphins, porpoises), as they do not possess most of the typical morphological characteristics of ungulates, but recent discoveries indicate that they are descended from early artiodactyls.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Horse Behaviour has been studied by horse users for centuries, as the horse was one of the first animals mankind domesticated and understanding its behaviour has always been important in horse welfare and in training to get the best use out of a horse.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ In the wild, horses are prey animals that live in herds, which affects their reactions to other horses and to the world around them.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Their behaviour in wild, feral conditions has been studied extensively as has their reactions to living and working in domestic situations.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Interactions with other horses, such as dominance and communication methods has been studied extensively and numerous books and videos exist on different aspects of horse behaviour.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Members of the order Perissodactyla, otherwise known as odd-toed ungulates, are mammals characterized by an odd number of toes and by hindgut fermentation with somewhat simple stomachs.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Perissodactyla comes from the Ancient Greek περισσός (\"perissós\", “uneven”) + δάκτυλος (\"dáktulos\", “a finger, toe”).", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Unlike the even-toed ungulates, they digest plant cellulose in their intestines rather than in one or more stomach chambers.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The order includes three extant families: Equidae (horses, asses, and zebras), Rhinocerotidae (rhinoceroses), and Tapiridae (tapirs), with a total of about 17 species.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Despite their very different appearances, they were recognized as related families in the 19th century by the zoologist Richard Owen, who also coined the order name.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla, ) are ungulates (hoofed animals) whose weight is borne equally by the third and fourth toes.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ By contrast, odd-toed ungulates, such as horses, bear their weight primarily on their third toes.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The aquatic cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) evolved from within even-toed ungulates, so modern taxonomic classification sometimes combines the Artiodactyla and Cetacea into the Cetartiodactyla.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Excluding whales, the roughly 220 artiodactyl species include pigs, peccaries, hippopotamuses, cetaceans, camels, llamas, alpacas, mouse deer, deer, giraffes, antelopes, sheep, goats, and cattle, many of which are of great dietary, economic, and cultural importance to humans.", "Stallion __knowledge__ A stallion is a male horse that has not been gelded (castrated).", "Stallion __knowledge__ Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, \"cresty\" neck, as well as a somewhat more muscular physique as compared to female horses, known as mares, and castrated males, called geldings.", "Stallion __knowledge__ Temperament varies widely based on genetics, and training, but because of their instincts as herd animals, they may be prone to aggressive behavior, particularly toward other stallions, and thus require careful management by knowledgeable handlers." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 4 ]

[ "I have a horse named Cobra. Do you like horses?", "Horses have evolved from being small multi toed creatures over 55 million years to the stallions we see now. Cool right?", "I'm not entirely sure :) But, humans started to domesticate them around 4000 BC" ]

[ "Horse", "Horse", "Horse" ]

[ "Pizza", "I love pizza, my favorite is pepperoni with black olives an mushrooms.", "Have you had the Hawaiian pizza with ham and pineapple. People either love it or hate it.", "I know. I always say stick to the classic." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Olive __knowledge__ The olive, known by the botanical name Olea europaea, meaning \"European olive\", is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands and Réunion.", "Olive __knowledge__ The species is cultivated in many places and considered naturalized in all the countries of the Mediterranean coast, as well as in Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Java, Norfolk Island, California, and Bermuda.", "Olive __knowledge__ Olea europeana sylvestris is a subspecies that corresponds to a smaller tree bearing noticeably smaller fruit.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni (also known as pepperoni sausage) is an American variety of salami, made from cured pork and beef mixed together and seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni is characteristically soft, slightly smoky, and bright red in color.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Thinly sliced pepperoni is a popular pizza topping in American-style pizzerias and is used as filling in the West Virginia pepperoni roll.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The term \"pepperoni\" is a borrowing of \"peperoni\", the plural of \"peperone\", the Italian word for bell pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The first use of \"pepperoni\" to refer to a sausage dates to 1919.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Even if in Italian the word is plural (like the Italian word \"salami\", plural of \"salame\"), the English word pepperoni is used as a singular uncountable noun.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Bambolino's __knowledge__ Bambolino's is an Italian American restaurant in Houston, Texas.", "Bambolino's __knowledge__ The original Bambolino's Inc. restaurant chain was established by Ninfa Laurenzo and her family, who had established the Ninfa's restaurant chain.", "Bambolino's __knowledge__ The original Bambolino's was controlled by the holding company RioStar Corp. Managers and investors of the Ninfa's restaurant chain established Bambolino's.", "Bambolino's __knowledge__ Most of the funding came from the Ninfa's Inc. restaurants.", "Bambolino's __knowledge__ When Bambolino's started, it raised $400,000 through a private placement of notes and an additional $160,000 through a debt-and-equity arrangement with MESBIC Financial Corp. Bambolino's was the Laurenzo family's second attempt in making an Italian-American restaurant.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Hawaiian pizza __knowledge__ Hawaiian pizza (also known as Pizza Hawaii) is a pizza topped with tomato sauce, cheese, pineapple, and Canadian bacon or ham.", "Hawaiian pizza __knowledge__ Some versions may include peppers, mushrooms, or bacon.", "Hawaiian pizza __knowledge__ Pineapple as a pizza topping divides public opinion: Hawaiian was the most popular pizza in Australia in 1999, accounting for 15% of pizza sales, and a 2015 review of independent UK takeaways operating through Just Eat found the Hawaiian pizza to be the most commonly available.", "Hawaiian pizza __knowledge__ However, a 2016 survey of US adults had pineapple in the top three least favourite pizza toppings, behind anchovies and mushrooms.", "Hawaiian pizza __knowledge__ Greek-Canadian Sam Panopoulos claimed that he created the first Hawaiian pizza at the Satellite Restaurant in Chatham, Ontario, Canada in 1962.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is the third-largest pizza chain in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United States and internationally in Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 and is based in Detroit, Michigan, headquartered in the Fox Theatre building in Downtown.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. Little Caesars Pizza was founded on May 8, 1959, by Mike Ilitch and his wife Marian Ilitch.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ Sotirios \"Sam\" Panopoulos (; 20 August 1934 8 June 2017) was a Greek-born Canadian cook and businessman, credited as the inventor of Hawaiian pizza.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ Sotirios Panopoulos was born in Vourvoura, Greece, on 20 August 1934.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ He emigrated to Canada in 1954, aged 20, arriving in Halifax, Nova Scotia.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ Panopoulos settled in Sudbury, and then Elliot Lake, Ontario, where he found work in the mines.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ After sampling pizza in Naples, Panopoulos first tried pizza in North America when he visited Windsor, Ontario.", "Sam Panopoulos __knowledge__ With his brothers Elias and Nikitas, Panopoulos owned the Satellite Restaurant in Chatham, Ontario.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ The Voice of the Philippines is a Filipino reality television singing competition on ABS-CBN.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ It is based on the reality singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\", which was originally created by Dutch television producer John de Mol as part of \"The Voice\" franchise.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Toni Gonzaga has been hosting the show since the first season; on the other hand, Luis Manzano, who had crossovered from \"The Voice Kids\", had hosted the show since the second season.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Both are accompanied by Robi Domingo and Alex Gonzaga who serves as the show's \"V-Reporters\" or the social media and backstage correspondents.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Sarah Geronimo, Bamboo Mañalac, Lea Salonga, and apl.de.ap serve as the four coaches and the judging panel of the show.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ In field hockey, each player carries a stick and cannot take part in the game without it.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The stick for an adult is usually in the range 89–95 cm (35–38 in) long.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ A maximum length of 105 cm (41\") was stipulated from 2016.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The maximum permitted weight is 737 grams.The majority of players use a stick in the range 19 oz to 22 oz (538 g - 623 g).", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Traditionally hockey sticks were made of hickory, ash or mulberry wood with the head of the sticks being hand carved and therefore required skilled craftsmen to produce.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Sticks made of wood continue to be made but the higher grade sticks are now manufactured from composite materials which were first permitted after 1992.", "Say Somethin' (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"Say Somethin\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey.", "Say Somethin' (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ It was written by Carey, Snoop Dogg, Chad Hugo, and Pharrell Williams, and produced by The Neptunes as the seventh overall single from Carey's tenth studio album, \"The Emancipation of Mimi\" (2005).", "Say Somethin' (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ The song is one of few from Carey's catalog in which she does not share production credits.", "Say Somethin' (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"Say Somethin'\" features Dogg as a guest artist, and is influenced by R&B and hip-hop music genres.", "Say Somethin' (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song is a dialogue in between and male and female, that discuss sexual themes and acts of which they plan to engage in a restroom.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Don Rosa __knowledge__ Keno Don Hugo Rosa (), known simply as Don Rosa (born June 29, 1951), is an American comic book author and illustrator known for his stories about Scrooge McDuck, Donald Duck and other Disney characters.", "Don Rosa __knowledge__ Many of his stories are built on characters and locations created by Carl Barks, including the story that brought him to fame as a modern Disney artist – the Harvey Award-nominated comic, \"The Son of the Sun\".", "Don Rosa __knowledge__ Rosa created about 90 stories between 1987 and 2006.", "Don Rosa __knowledge__ In 1995 he won the Eisner Award for \"Best Serialized Story\" for his 12-chapter work \"The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck\".", "Don Rosa __knowledge__ Don Rosa's grandfather, Gioachino Rosa, lived in Maniago, a town at the foot of the Alps in Northern Italy, in the province of Pordenone.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The most important phenomenon that took place within the lands of Poland in the Early Middle Ages, as well as other parts of central and eastern Europe, was the arrival and permanent settlement of Slavic peoples.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Slavic migrations in the area of contemporary Poland started in the second half of the 5th century AD, about a half century after these territories were vacated by Germanic tribes.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The first waves of the incoming Slavs settled the vicinity of the upper Vistula River and elsewhere in the lands of present southeastern Poland and southern Masovia.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ Coming from the east, from the upper and middle regions of the Dnieper River, the immigrants would have had come primarily from the western branch of the early Slavs known as Sclaveni, and since their arrival are classified as West Slavs.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "Are you a big fan of pizza? I know I am, even the history of it is interesting, like how it started out as just flatbread with toppings.", "I love both of those toppings too! But you can add anything from vegetables to meat to condiments to pizza.", "I'm not a huge fan of it, and I'm sure the first people who were making \"pizza\" in the 10th century didn't have this in mind for it!", "Exactly! The modern form was invented in Naples so whatever they were eating is probably the closest." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Marching band\nHave you ever -- or know anyone who -- been in a marching band?", "What instrument?! And did you continue playing?", "I find it fascinating how musical training at a young age often has a positive impact on other learning -- especially mathematics. Was that your experience?", "No great uniforms?! (Ha!) What were your school colors?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ The Michigan Competing Band Association (MCBA) is a sanctioning body for high school marching band field contests in the state of Michigan, established in 1974.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Not only does it host a great number of local competitions around the state, MCBA holds the only statewide marching band championships in Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Previous championships were held at the Plymouth-Canton Educational Park Varsity Stadium in Canton, Michigan, Rynearson Stadium at Eastern Michigan University, and at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ They are currently held at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Prior to the 1992-93 school year, MCBA was known as the Michigan Competing Band Director's Association, or MCBDA.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band (SDMB), also known as The Pride of the Southwest, is the athletic band of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band motto is “Expect Great Things.” The acronym EGT is inscribed on a sign that hangs from the director’s podium towering over the band's practice field, and is a symbol of the high standards that band members strive to meet.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The ASU Band program, which includes the Marching, Pep, and Dixieland bands, is a part of the Sun Devil Athletics department.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The band is currently under the direction of Director of Athletic Bands James G. \"The Hammer\" Hudson, who took over the program in 2006.", "Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band __knowledge__ The Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band (also known as the Marching Yellow Jackets) is the official marching band of the Georgia Institute of Technology.", "Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band __knowledge__ Founded in 1908 by a group of 14 students, the Georgia Tech Band is one of the school's oldest student organizations.", "Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band __knowledge__ The Yellow Jacket Marching Band performs at all home football games, and the pep band, composed of a contingent of marching band members, plays at all home basketball games.", "Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band __knowledge__ At least a portion of the marching band or pep band travels to most away games, as financed by the Georgia Tech Athletic Association.", "Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band __knowledge__ Robert L. \"Biddy\" Bidez of Mobile, Alabama founded the Georgia Tech band in 1908 along with 13 other students." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Murong Chui __knowledge__ Murong Chui (; 326–396), courtesy name Daoming (道明), formally Emperor Wucheng of (Later) Yan ((後)燕武成帝) was a great general of the Chinese/Xianbei state Former Yan who later became the founding emperor of Later Yan.", "Murong Chui __knowledge__ He was a controversial figure in Chinese history, as his military abilities were plain, but as he was forced to flee Former Yan due to the jealousies of the regent Murong Ping, he was taken in and trusted by the Former Qin emperor Fu Jiān, but later betrayed him and established Later Yan, leading to a reputation of him as a traitor.", "Murong Chui __knowledge__ Further, his reputation was damaged in that soon after his death, the Later Yan state suffered great defeats at the hands of Northern Wei Dynasty's founder Emperor Daowu (Tuoba Gui), leading to the general sense that Murong Chui contributed to the defeats by not building a sound foundation for the empire and by choosing the wrong successor.", "Violin technique __knowledge__ Playing the violin entails holding the instrument under the chin, supported by the left shoulder (see below for variations of this posture).", "Violin technique __knowledge__ The strings are sounded either by drawing the bow across them (\"arco\"), or by plucking them (\"pizzicato\").", "Violin technique __knowledge__ The left hand regulates the sounding length of the strings by stopping them against the fingerboard with the fingers, producing different notes.", "Violin technique __knowledge__ It is possible to play the violin holding it in a variety of ways.", "Violin technique __knowledge__ Most players hold the lower bout of the instrument between the left shoulder and the jaw, often assisted by a semi-permanently attached chinrest and detachable shoulder rest.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument in the group known as \"internal duct flutes\"—flutes with a whistle mouthpiece.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ It is the most prominent duct flute in the western classical tradition.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ Recorders are made in different sizes with names and compasses roughly corresponding to different vocal ranges.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The sizes most commonly in use today are the soprano (aka \"descant\", lowest note C), alto (aka \"treble\", lowest note F), tenor (lowest note C) and bass (lowest note F).", "Ricky Ponting __knowledge__ Ricky Thomas Ponting, AO (born 19 December 1974), is a former Australian cricketer, and two-time World Cup winning captain in 2003 and 2007.", "Ricky Ponting __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket, Ponting was captain of the Australia national cricket team during its 'golden era'; between 2004 and 2011 in Test cricket and 2002 and 2011 in One Day International cricket.", "Ricky Ponting __knowledge__ He is a specialist right-handed batsman, arguably the best slips and close catching fielder to have pulled on a set of whites, as well as a very occasional bowler.", "Ricky Ponting __knowledge__ Ponting holds the record of being the only cricketer in the history of Test cricket to be a part of 100 Test match wins.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ The Michigan Competing Band Association (MCBA) is a sanctioning body for high school marching band field contests in the state of Michigan, established in 1974.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Not only does it host a great number of local competitions around the state, MCBA holds the only statewide marching band championships in Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Previous championships were held at the Plymouth-Canton Educational Park Varsity Stadium in Canton, Michigan, Rynearson Stadium at Eastern Michigan University, and at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ They are currently held at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Prior to the 1992-93 school year, MCBA was known as the Michigan Competing Band Director's Association, or MCBDA.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to.", "Military band __knowledge__ A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces.", "Military band __knowledge__ A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments.", "Military band __knowledge__ The conductor of a band commonly bears the title of Bandmaster or Director of Music.", "Military band __knowledge__ Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching bands in the world, dating from the 13th century.", "Military band __knowledge__ The military band should be capable of playing ceremonial and marching music, including the national anthems and patriotic songs of not only their own nation but others as well, both while stationary and as a marching band.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "List of University Interscholastic League events __knowledge__ The University Interscholastic League, the main governing body for academic, athletic, and music competition among public schools in the U.S. state of Texas, sanctions many events for students in grades 2 to 12.", "List of University Interscholastic League events __knowledge__ Competition in grades 2–8 is limited to district only.", "List of University Interscholastic League events __knowledge__ Competition in grades 9–12 advances (in most cases) from district to region to state.", "List of University Interscholastic League events __knowledge__ In addition to individual and team awards in the separate contest events, schools are also eligible to win an overall district academic championship award and/or an overall district spring meet sweepstakes award (the latter combines the results of the academic events with the results of singles tennis, doubles tennis, mixed doubles tennis, individual track and field events, relay track events, and team golf)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Memory improvement __knowledge__ Memory improvement is the act of improving one's memory.", "Memory improvement __knowledge__ Medical research of memory deficits and age-related memory loss has resulted in new explanations and treatment techniques to improve memory, including diet, exercise, stress management, cognitive therapy and pharmaceutical medications.", "Memory improvement __knowledge__ Neuroimaging as well as cognitive neuroscience have provided neurobiological evidence supporting holistic ways in which one can improve memory.", "Memory improvement __knowledge__ Neuroplasticity is the mechanism by which the brain encodes experience, learns new behaviours and relearns lost behaviour if the brain has been damaged.", "Memory improvement __knowledge__ Experience-dependent neuroplasticity suggests that the brain changes in response to what it experiences.", "Music education __knowledge__ Music education is a field of study associated with the teaching and learning of music.", "Music education __knowledge__ It touches on all learning domains, including the psychomotor domain (the development of skills), the cognitive domain (the acquisition of knowledge), and, in particular and significant ways, the affective domain (the learner's willingness to receive, internalize, and share what is learned), including music appreciation and sensitivity.", "Music education __knowledge__ Music training from preschool through post-secondary education is common in most nations because involvement with music is considered a fundamental component of human culture and behavior.", "Educational psychology __knowledge__ Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning.", "Educational psychology __knowledge__ The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning.", "Educational psychology __knowledge__ The field of educational psychology relies heavily on quantitative methods, including testing and measurement, to enhance educational activities related to instructional design, classroom management, and assessment, which serve to facilitate learning processes in various educational settings across the lifespan.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Environment and intelligence __knowledge__ Environment and intelligence research investigates the impact of environment on intelligence.", "Environment and intelligence __knowledge__ This is one of the most important factors in understanding human group differences in IQ test scores and other measures of cognitive ability.", "Environment and intelligence __knowledge__ It is estimated that genes contribute about 20–40% of the variance in intelligence in childhood and about 80% in old age.", "Environment and intelligence __knowledge__ Thus the environment and its interaction with genes account for a high proportion of the variation in intelligence seen in groups of young children, and for a small proportion of the variation observed in groups of mature adults.", "Environment and intelligence __knowledge__ Historically, there has been great interest in the field of intelligence research to determine environmental influences on the development of cognitive functioning, in particular, fluid intelligence, as defined by its stabilization at 16 years of age.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ The beers of the Caribbean are unique to each island in the region, although many are variants of the same style.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ Each island generally brews its own unique pale lager, the occasional stout, and often a non-alcoholic malta beverage.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ Contract-brewing of international beers is also common, with Heineken Pilsener and Guinness Foreign Extra Stout being the most popular.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ The beers vary between the islands to suit the taste and the brewing method used.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ The national beer of Antigua is Wadadli beer, an alternative name for the island itself.", "Beer in the Caribbean __knowledge__ It is brewed by Antigua Brewery, who also brews international beer and soft drinks under license.", "Military band __knowledge__ A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces.", "Military band __knowledge__ A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments.", "Military band __knowledge__ The conductor of a band commonly bears the title of Bandmaster or Director of Music.", "Military band __knowledge__ Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching bands in the world, dating from the 13th century.", "Military band __knowledge__ The military band should be capable of playing ceremonial and marching music, including the national anthems and patriotic songs of not only their own nation but others as well, both while stationary and as a marching band.", "October (Whitacre) __knowledge__ October is a contemporary piece for concert band that was written by Eric Whitacre in 2000.", "October (Whitacre) __knowledge__ Based on the guidelines as established by the authors of \"Teaching Music through Performance in Band\", \"October\" is a Grade 5 piece.", "October (Whitacre) __knowledge__ Eric Whitacre composed \"October\" with the intention of evoking a peaceful musical representation of the month he has called his favorite, and the feelings this month evokes for him.", "October (Whitacre) __knowledge__ Whitacre writes in a programme note: \"October\" was premiered on May 14, 2000, by the Nebraska Wind Consortium, a band made up of students from thirty different high school bands from Nebraska.", "October (Whitacre) __knowledge__ This consortium was organized by Brian Anderson, to whom Whitacre dedicated the work in recognition of Anderson's work to bring the students together.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Orchestration is the study or practice of writing music for an orchestra (or, more loosely, for any musical ensemble, such as a concert band) or of adapting music composed for another medium for an orchestra.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Also called \"instrumentation\", orchestration is the selection of different instruments to play the different parts (e.g., melody, bassline, etc.)", "Orchestration __knowledge__ of a musical work.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ For example, a work for solo piano could be adapted and orchestrated so that an orchestra could perform the piece, or a concert band piece could be orchestrated for a symphony orchestra.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Only gradually over the course of music history did orchestration come to be regarded as a separate compositional art and profession in itself.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ The First Suite in E for Military Band, Op.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ 28, No.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ 1, by the British composer Gustav Holst is considered one of the cornerstone masterworks in the concert band repertoire.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ Officially premiered in 1920 at the Royal Military School of Music, the manuscript was originally completed in 1909.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ Along with the subsequent Second Suite in F for Military Band, written in 1911 and premiered in 1922, the First Suite was the catalysing force that convinced many other prominent composers that serious music could be written specifically for the combination of woodwinds, percussion and brass.", "First Suite in E-flat for Military Band __knowledge__ Works such as the \"English Folk Song Suite\" (1923) of Ralph Vaughan Williams and the \"William Byrd Suite\" (1923) of Gordon Jacob are leading examples.", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ This article provides details on the middle schools within the Prince George's County Public Schools system, in the U.S. State of Maryland.", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ Middle schools operate as either 6th–8th grade middle schools or 7th–8th grade middle schools.", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ Some middle schools are part of combined PreK-8th grade elementary/middle schools, and are referred to as \"Academies\".", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ Grades 7–9 junior high schools were completely phased out in the mid-1980s.", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ Recent efforts have been made to convert most middle schools to the more popular grades 6–8 model.", "List of Prince George's County Public Schools middle schools __knowledge__ Issues in the past such as over-enrollment, lack of classroom space, and funding, had made it hard to convert all middle schools to a grades 6–8 configuration, but with increased funding and the addition of new middle schools, the transition is slowly being made." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Marching band __knowledge__ In addition to traditional parade performances, many marching bands also perform field shows at sporting events and at marching band competitions.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Increasingly, marching bands perform indoor concerts that implement many songs, traditions, and flair from outside performances.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Percussion and wind instruments were used on the battlefield since ancient times.", "Marching band __knowledge__ An Iron Age example would be the carnyx.", "Marching band __knowledge__ The development of the military band from such predecessors was a gradual development of the medieval and early modern period.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "School colors __knowledge__ In the United States, school colors are the colors chosen by a school to represent it on uniforms and other items of identification.", "School colors __knowledge__ Most schools have two colors, which are usually chosen to avoid conflicts with other schools with which the school competes in sports and other activities.", "School colors __knowledge__ The colors are often worn to build morale among the teachers and pupils, and as an expression of school spirit.", "School colors __knowledge__ School colors are often found in pairs and rarely no more than trios, though some professional teams use up to four colors in a set.", "School colors __knowledge__ The choice of colors usually follows the rule of tincture from heraldry, but exceptions to this rule are known.", "Applicant (sketch) __knowledge__ Applicant is a dramatic sketch written by Harold Pinter.", "Applicant (sketch) __knowledge__ Originally written in 1959 and first published by Eyre Methuen in 1961, it was first broadcast on BBC Radio on the Third Programme \"between February and March 1964,\" along with Pinter's other revue sketches, \"That's Your Trouble\", \"That's All\", \"Interview\", and \"Dialogue for Three\".", "Applicant (sketch) __knowledge__ A revised and much-expanded version of \"Applicant\" is incorporated in the last scene of Act One of Pinter's play \"The Hothouse\", wherein the character still called Lamb is \"tested\" in \"\"a soundproof room\"\" by Miss Cutts, the successor of Miss Piffs, and her colleague Gibbs (58–78).", "Third jersey __knowledge__ A third jersey, alternate jersey, third kit or alternate uniform is a jersey or uniform that a sports team wear in games instead of its home outfit or its away outfit, often when the colors of two competing teams' other uniforms are too similar to play easily.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Alternate jerseys are also a means for professional sports organizations to generate revenue, by sales to fans.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Of North American sports leagues, the NFL generates $1.2 billion annually in jersey sales, with the NBA second selling $900 million annually.", "Third jersey __knowledge__ Another use of the alternate uniform is for identifying with causes, like the Central Coast Mariners wear an alternate pink kit on pink ribbon day.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Green is common in nature, especially in plants.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms, throwback jerseys or retro kits or heritage guernseys are sports uniforms styled to resemble the uniforms that a team wore in the past.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ One-time or limited-time retro uniforms are sometimes produced to be worn by teams in games, on special occasions such as anniversaries of significant events.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms have proven popular in all major pro and college sports in North America, not only with fans, but with the teams' merchandising departments.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Because the \"authentic\" uniforms (accurate reproductions) and less-authentic \"replicas\" had been so popular at retail, the professional leagues institutionalized throwbacks as \"third jerseys\".", "Military band __knowledge__ A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces.", "Military band __knowledge__ A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments.", "Military band __knowledge__ The conductor of a band commonly bears the title of Bandmaster or Director of Music.", "Military band __knowledge__ Ottoman military bands are thought to be the oldest variety of military marching bands in the world, dating from the 13th century.", "Military band __knowledge__ The military band should be capable of playing ceremonial and marching music, including the national anthems and patriotic songs of not only their own nation but others as well, both while stationary and as a marching band.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ A Corps of Drums is a musical unit of several national armies.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ Drummers were originally established in European armies to act as signallers.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ This is the major historical distinction between a military band and a corps of drums, 'drummers' would not play their instruments to entertain or delight, but rather as a utilitarian battlefield role.", "Corps of drums __knowledge__ This role was fulfilled by trumpeters or buglers and timpanists in the cavalry and the artillery, who did not form into comparative formed bodies in the way that drummers did; therefore, an orthodox corps of drums will exist in the infantry arm and not in other arms (save for the light infantry).", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "Marching percussion __knowledge__ Marching percussion instruments are specially designed to be played while moving.", "Marching percussion __knowledge__ This is achieved by attaching the drum(s) to a special harness (also called a carrier or rack) worn by the drummer, although not all marching bands use such harnesses and instead use traditional baldrics to sling their drums (the British Armed Forces, for instance, still use the old style of slung drums).", "Marching percussion __knowledge__ The drums are designed and tuned for maximum articulation and projection of sound, as marching activities are almost always outdoors or in large interior spaces.", "Marching percussion __knowledge__ Articulation is paramount to producing a \"clean\" sound from all the drummers in the line.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 3 ]

[ "When I was in the 7th grade I was part of the high school marching band which is an instrumental musicians group that marches while entertaining.", "I was part o the woodwinds instrumentation but I quit after middle school.", "I don't think it had a significant effect on my life. Marching bands are categorized by size, age, gender, instrumentation and their style of march. This really didn't change my life.", "Although most marching bands wear a uniform that reflects the schools colors, ours did also but the HAT just had to go." ]

[ "Marching band", "Marching band", "Marching band", "Marching band" ]

[ "Ford F-Series\nDo you have a Ford F-Series Truck?", "I don't have one but would love to own one. What do you like about it?", "How fast does yours go? Have you taken it off road?", "Nice I need one. I'd like mine to be black. What colours yours?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Ford Bronco is a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV, predating the term SUV) manufactured and marketed by Ford from 1966 to 1996, over five generations of vehicles.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Ford has described plans to reintroduce the Bronco in 2020.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Bronco was introduced in 1966 as a competitor to the small four-wheel-drive compact SUVs that included the Jeep CJ-5 and International Harvester Scout; it was built on its own platform.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ A major redesign in 1978 enlarged the Bronco, using a shortened Ford F-Series truck chassis to compete with the similarly adapted Chevy K5 Blazer and the Dodge Ramcharger.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Most Broncos are equipped with a swing-away spare tire carrier on the outside of the rear door.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series Super Duty (often shortened to Ford Super Duty) is a series of trucks manufactured by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Introduced in 1998 for the 1999 model year, the F-Series Super Duty trucks marked the addition of a heavy-duty pickup to the Ford F-Series range, including the F-250 and F-350 pickups; the previous 1987–1997 F-Super Duty chassis cabs were replaced by the F-450 and F-550 Super Duty.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Distinguished from the F-150 by its separate bodywork, the Super Duty trucks utilize a distinct chassis from the F-150 with heavier-duty chassis and suspension components to allow for higher payload and towing capacities; additionally, the product line continued the use of Ford PowerStroke diesel engines.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ The Ford B-Series is a bus chassis that was manufactured by the Ford Motor Company from 1948 to 1998.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ Derived from the medium-duty variants of the Ford F-Series, the B-Series were produced as a cowled chassis; the design was a bare chassis aft of the firewall.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ While primarily used for school bus applications in the United States and Canada, the chassis was exported worldwide for to construct a wide variety of bus bodies.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, Lincoln-Mercury dealers in Canada marketed the B-Series as part of the Mercury M-Series truck line.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ At the time, rural communities in Canada were serviced by either the Ford or the Lincoln-Mercury dealer network, but not both networks concurrently.", "Ford E-Series __knowledge__ The Ford E-Series (also known as the Ford Econoline and Ford Club Wagon throughout various stages of its production) is a range of full-size vans produced by the American automaker Ford since 1960.", "Ford E-Series __knowledge__ Introduced for the 1961 model year as the replacement for the Ford F-Series panel van, four generations of the model line have been produced.", "Ford E-Series __knowledge__ In addition to cargo van and passenger van body styles, the Ford E-Series has been produced as a cutaway van chassis and stripped chassis (a chassis without bodywork).", "Ford E-Series __knowledge__ With a 56-year production run, the Ford E-Series is the second longest-produced nameplate by Ford worldwide; only the Ford F-Series (1948–present) has been produced longer.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ The Ford Ranger is a compact pickup truck that was manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company from 1983 to 2012 model years for North America; from 1997 to 2011, a version was also manufactured and sold in South America.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Introduced to replace the Ford Courier produced in Japan by Mazda, the Ranger was produced in two distinct generations.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ While introduced a year after the Chevrolet S-10, the Ranger would go on to become the best-selling compact truck in the United States from 1987 to 2004.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Over its production life, the chassis and underpinnings of the Ranger would be used for various compact Ford trucks, most commonly as sport-utility vehicles.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ The first-generation Ford F-Series is a series of pickup trucks and commercial vehicles produced by Ford.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ Introduced in late 1947, the F-Series was the first post-war truck design from Ford.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation of the F-Series would remain in production until 1952.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ F-Series trucks were assembled at sixteen different Ford factories.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ Serial numbers indicate the truck model, engine, year, assembly plant, and unit number.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ The most common model was the F-1 with a 6 ½-foot bed followed by the F-2 and F-3 Express models with an bed.", "Ford F-Series (first generation) __knowledge__ The first F-Series truck (known as the Ford Bonus-Built) was introduced in late 1947 (went on sale January 16, 1948) as a replacement for the pre-War designed Ford trucks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" is a song written by Bill Anderson and released as a single by American country artist Connie Smith.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ It was the second single spawned from her 1966 album \"Miss Smith Goes to Nashville\" and was produced by Bob Ferguson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The single was released in January 1966 by RCA Victor and peaked within the Top 5 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" country music singles chart, becoming her fifth Top 10 hit in a row.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" was the fourth single Smith recorded by Bill Anderson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The song was recorded October 14, 1965 along with the songs, \"Same as Mine\", \"I'll Never Get Over Loving You\", and \"Holdin' On\".", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "Gavin &amp; Stacey __knowledge__ Gavin & Stacey is a British sitcom that follows the long-distance relationship of Gavin Shipman (Mathew Horne) from Billericay in Essex, England, and Stacey West (Joanna Page) from Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales.", "Gavin &amp; Stacey __knowledge__ The writers of the show, actors James Corden and Ruth Jones, also co-star as Gavin and Stacey's friends, Smithy and Nessa.", "Gavin &amp; Stacey __knowledge__ Other prominent cast members include Alison Steadman and Larry Lamb, who play Gavin's parents, Pam and Mick, and Melanie Walters and Rob Brydon, who portray Stacey's mother, Gwen, and her uncle, Bryn.", "Gavin &amp; Stacey __knowledge__ The show was produced by Baby Cow Productions for BBC Wales.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ This article contains cast and character information for the ABS-CBN Philippine action drama television soap opera Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ 2nd Lt. Alexander \"Xander\" S. Del Tierro (Coco Martin) He comes from a prominent family with a strong military background.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has a domineering grandfather who is one of the country's feared generals, a manipulative mother solely devoted to pleasing her father, her husband but not her own son, and a father who is a respected military officer and the only one who truly understands him.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has consistently refused to join the military academy, but one major mistake made him decide otherwise.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ Chauncey Ray Billups (born September 25, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A star at the University of Colorado, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ A five-time NBA All-Star and a three-time All-NBA selection, Billups played for the Celtics, Toronto Raptors, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, New York Knicks, and Los Angeles Clippers during his NBA career.", "Chauncey Billups __knowledge__ He won the NBA Finals MVP in 2004 after helping the Pistons beat the Los Angeles Lakers in the Finals, and was given the nickname \"Mr. Big Shot\" for making late-game shots with Detroit.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ Zombieland is a 2009 American post-apocalyptic comedy horror film directed by Ruben Fleischer and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film stars Woody Harrelson, Jesse Eisenberg, Emma Stone, and Abigail Breslin as survivors of a zombie apocalypse.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film follows a geeky college kid making his way through the zombie apocalypse, meeting three strangers along the way and together taking an extended road trip across the Southwestern United States in an attempt to find a sanctuary free from zombies.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film premiered at Fantastic Fest on September 25, 2009 and was theatrically released on October 2, 2009 in the United States by Columbia Pictures.", "Lawn __knowledge__ A lawn is an area of soil-covered land planted with grasses and other durable plants such as clover which are maintained at a short height with a lawnmower and used for aesthetic and recreational purposes.", "Lawn __knowledge__ Common characteristics of a lawn are that it is composed only of grass species, it is subject to weed and pest control, it is subject to practices aimed at maintaining its green color (e.g., watering), and it is regularly mowed to ensure an acceptable length, although these characteristics are not binding as a definition.", "Lawn __knowledge__ Lawns are used around houses, apartments, commercial buildings and offices.", "Professional Landcare Network __knowledge__ The Professional Landcare Network (PLANET) was a professional body for lawn care professionals, landscape management professionals (exterior maintenance contractors), design/build/installation professionals, and interior plantscapers.", "Professional Landcare Network __knowledge__ On April 1, 2015 PLANET became the National Association of Landscape Professionals which represents more than 100,000 landscape industry professionals, mainly in the United States.", "Professional Landcare Network __knowledge__ PLANET was formed 2005-01-01 via a merger of the Associated Landscape Contractors of America (ALCA, founded 1961) and the Professional Lawn Care Association of America (PLCAA, founded 1979).", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Alejandro \"Alex\" Mendoza (born April 25, 1977) is an American former Marine, owner of a lawn care business and democratic socialist politician from Dallas, Texas, who was the vice presidential nominee of Socialist Party USA in the 2012 elections.", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Mendoza, of Texas, ran with Stewart Alexander of California for president.", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Mendoza is currently serving as the State Chair for the Socialist Party of Texas.", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Mendoza was born in Riverside, California to parents who emigrated from Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Mendoza graduated from Palm Springs High School in 1995.", "Alejandro Mendoza __knowledge__ Shortly after graduation, Mendoza joined the United States Marine Corps, and served with the 5th Marine Regiment for four years.", "Homemaking __knowledge__ Homemaking is a mainly American term for the management of a home, otherwise known as housework, housekeeping, or household management.", "Homemaking __knowledge__ It is the act of overseeing the organizational, day-to-day operations of a house or estate, and the managing of other domestic concerns.", "Homemaking __knowledge__ A person in charge of the homemaking, who is not employed outside the home, is in the U.S. and Canada often called a homemaker, a term for a housewife or a househusband.", "Homemaking __knowledge__ The term \"homemaker\", however, may also refer to a social worker who manages a household during the incapacity of the housewife or househusband.", "Homemaking __knowledge__ Housework is not always a lifetime commitment; many, for economic or personal reasons, return to the workplace.", "Victa __knowledge__ Victa is an Australian manufacturer of outdoor garden equipment, this includes petrol & electric lawn mowers, edgers, trimmers, chainsaws.", "Victa __knowledge__ They manufacture these in petrol & lithium-ion powered variants.", "Victa __knowledge__ However, Victa remains most well known for the Victa Lawn Mower.", "Victa __knowledge__ The Victa brand is currently owned by the American engine manufacturer Briggs & Stratton, while being American owned, manufacturing is retained in Australia in Moorebank, New South Wales.", "Victa __knowledge__ In Australia & New Zealand, Victa Products are sold through Bunnings Warehouse, specialist dealers and Mitre 10.", "Victa __knowledge__ Victa is also sold in limited quantities through specialist dealers internationally.", "Scotts LawnService __knowledge__ Scotts LawnService was a subdivision of The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, an American multinational corporation headquartered in Marysville, Ohio.", "Scotts LawnService __knowledge__ Scotts LawnService was founded in 1998, with the acquisition of Emerald Green Lawn Care.", "Scotts LawnService __knowledge__ It was a division of the Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, and provided lawn, tree, and shrub care and pest control.", "Scotts LawnService __knowledge__ Miracle-Gro was created by Rutgers University professor O. Wesley Davidson, a research scientist in plant nutrition and orchid culture, around 1940-1950, at the request of Otto Stern (a mail-order seller of houseplants) and Horace Hagedorn (who worked with an advertiser).", "Manitoba Eco-Network __knowledge__ The Manitoba Eco-Network is an environmental, non-governmental organization, and registered charity located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.", "Manitoba Eco-Network __knowledge__ It is a regional affiliate of the Canadian Environmental Network, based in Ottawa, Ontario.", "Manitoba Eco-Network __knowledge__ The Manitoba Eco-Network is a network for approximately 50 environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGO's) throughout the Province of Manitoba.", "Manitoba Eco-Network __knowledge__ The stated goal of The Manitoba Eco-Network is to \"promote positive environmental action by connecting people and groups in our communities.\"", "Manitoba Eco-Network __knowledge__ In practice, The Manitoba Eco-Network attempts to achieve this goal by providing services to its member groups and the public indirectly through its varied projects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ \"The Fast and the Furious\" is an American action film series produced by Neal H. Moritz and distributed by Universal Pictures.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Consisting of eight films and two short films, the following is a list of characters from \"The Fast and the Furious\".", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ During the production of \"Furious 7\", Paul Walker died in a single-vehicle accident on November 30, 2013.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ As a result, his character Brian O'Conner was written out as retired.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Walker's brothers, Caleb and Cody, were used among others as stand-ins to complete his remaining scenes, and the film is dedicated to him.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Dominic \"Dom\" Toretto appears in all of the films in the series but \"2 Fast 2 Furious\", in which he is only mentioned.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Battle of Five Forks __knowledge__ The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg, Virginia, around the road junction of Five Forks, Dinwiddie County, Virginia, during the end of the Richmond–Petersburg Campaign (sometimes called the Siege of Petersburg) and in the beginning stage of the Appomattox Campaign near the conclusion of the American Civil War.", "Battle of Five Forks __knowledge__ A mobile task force of combined infantry, artillery and cavalry from the Union Army commanded by Major General Philip Sheridan defeated a Confederate States Army combined task force from the Army of Northern Virginia commanded by Major General George Pickett.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ The 1974–75 Ashes series consisted of six cricket Test matches, each match lasted five days with six hours of play each day and eight ball overs.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It formed part of the MCC tour of Australia in 1974–75 and the matches outside the Tests were played in the name of the Marylebone Cricket Club.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ Ian Chappell's Australians won the series 4–1 and \"brutally and unceremoniously wrenched the Ashes\" from Mike Denness's England team.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It was Australia's first series victory over England for ten years and the experience proved popular as 777,563 spectators came through the gates and paid nearly a million Australian dollars for the privilege.", "Fast Five __knowledge__ Fast Five (alternatively known as Fast & Furious 5 or Fast & Furious 5: Rio Heist) is a 2011 American action film directed by Justin Lin and written by Chris Morgan.", "Fast Five __knowledge__ It is the fifth installment in \"The Fast and the Furious\" franchise.", "Fast Five __knowledge__ It was released first in Australia on April 20, 2011, and then in the United States on April 29, 2011.", "Fast Five __knowledge__ \"Fast Five\" follows Dominic Toretto (Vin Diesel), Brian O'Conner (Paul Walker), and Mia Toretto (Jordana Brewster) as they plan a heist to steal $100 million from corrupt businessman Hernan Reyes (Joaquim de Almeida) while being pursued for arrest by U.S.", "Fast Five __knowledge__ Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) agent Luke Hobbs (Dwayne Johnson).", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series Super Duty (often shortened to Ford Super Duty) is a series of trucks manufactured by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Introduced in 1998 for the 1999 model year, the F-Series Super Duty trucks marked the addition of a heavy-duty pickup to the Ford F-Series range, including the F-250 and F-350 pickups; the previous 1987–1997 F-Super Duty chassis cabs were replaced by the F-450 and F-550 Super Duty.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Distinguished from the F-150 by its separate bodywork, the Super Duty trucks utilize a distinct chassis from the F-150 with heavier-duty chassis and suspension components to allow for higher payload and towing capacities; additionally, the product line continued the use of Ford PowerStroke diesel engines.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ The Chevrolet inline 6 otto engine was Chevrolet's sole engine from 1929 (when it replaced their first 4-cylinder engine, the 171-cubic-inch four), through 1954, and was the base engine starting in 1955 when they added the small block V8 to the lineup.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ It had finally been completely phased out by 1990 in North America, but in Brazil, GM held on to their fuel-injected version through the 1998 model year.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ It was replaced by more recently developed V6 and four-cylinder engines.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ Many popular cars and trucks, including the Chevrolet Camaro, Chevrolet Impala, and Chevrolet Suburban used the inline 6 as the base engine.", "Ford F-Series (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The ninth generation Ford F-Series is a line of full-size and medium-duty commercial trucks that were produced by Ford from 1991 to 1997.", "Ford F-Series (ninth generation) __knowledge__ While still based on the basic design dating from late 1979 (for the 1980 model year), the 1992 F-Series brought a number of minor changes to the exterior and interior (where most enthusiasts consider this a facelift for the same existing truck that first appeared in 1979 as a 1980 model instead of a redesign).", "Ford F-Series (ninth generation) __knowledge__ This is the last generation of the F-Series that was produced as a complete range of trucks from a half-ton pickup (F-150) to a medium-duty Class 6 truck (F-250 and above).", "Truck classification __knowledge__ Truck Classifications are typically based upon the maximum loaded weight of the truck (typically using the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and sometimes also the gross trailer weight rating (GTWR)), and can vary among jurisdictions.", "Truck classification __knowledge__ In the United States, commercial truck classification is determined based on the vehicle's gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR).", "Truck classification __knowledge__ The classes range from 1–8.", "Truck classification __knowledge__ Trucks are also classified more broadly by the Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), which groups classes 1–3 as \"light duty\", 4–6 as \"medium duty\", and 7–8 as \"heavy duty\".", "Truck classification __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency has a separate system of emissions classifications for trucks.", "Chevrolet Silverado __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Silverado, and its mechanically identical cousin, the GMC Sierra, are a series of full-size and heavy-duty pickup trucks manufactured by General Motors and introduced in 1998 as the successor to the long-running Chevrolet C/K line.", "Chevrolet Silverado __knowledge__ The Silverado name was taken from a trim level previously used on its predecessor, the Chevrolet C/K pickup truck from 1975 through 1998.", "Chevrolet Silverado __knowledge__ General Motors continues to offer a GMC-badged variant of the Chevrolet full-size pickup under the GMC Sierra name, first used in 1987 for its variant of the GMT400 platform trucks.", "Chevrolet Silverado __knowledge__ Although General Motors introduced its first pickup truck in 1930, the term \"Silverado\" was a designation used only to detail the trim for the Chevrolet C/K pickup trucks, Suburbans, and Tahoes from 1975 through 1999.", "International Harvester __knowledge__ The International Harvester Company (abbreviated first IHC and later IH) (now known as Navistar International Corporation) was a United States manufacturer of agricultural machinery, construction equipment, trucks, and household and commercial products.", "International Harvester __knowledge__ In 1902, J.P. Morgan merged the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and Deering Harvester Company, along with three smaller agricultural equipment firms, to form International Harvester.", "International Harvester __knowledge__ In 1985, International Harvester sold off most of its agricultural division to Tenneco, Inc., which merged it into its subsidiary J.I.", "International Harvester __knowledge__ Case under the Case IH brand." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Heart Like Mine\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Miranda Lambert.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ It was released in January 2011 as the fifth and final single from her third album \"Revolution\".", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ The song was written by Lambert, Ashley Monroe and Travis Howard.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ It's about a rough and rugged female who ignores her friends and family's criticism because her heart is something that Jesus would understand.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its catchability and Lambert's lyrics.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Heart Like Mine\" gave Lambert her second number one hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Shortie like Mine\" is a song by rapper Bow Wow.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ It is the first single from his fifth studio album, \"The Price of Fame\" (2006).", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ This song features American R&B singers Chris Brown & Johntá Austin.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ Allmusic's David Jeffries praised the song by highlighting and favourable citation: \"Saving the album from being a disaster is perfectly acceptable single; \"Shortie Like Mine\" which swaggers with a great hook.\"", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ The music video premiered on BET's \"Access Granted\" on October 23, 2006 and was the New Joint on BET's \"106 & Park\" a day later on October 24, 2006.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ The video for \"Shortie Like Mine\" has a MySpace theme and was earlier made as a praise record to Ciara.", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ Louis Allen Rawls (December 1, 1933 – January 6, 2006) was an American singer, songwriter, actor, voice actor, and record producer.", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ He is best known for his singing ability; Frank Sinatra once said that Rawls had \"the classiest singing and silkiest chops in the singing game\".", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ Rawls released more than 60 albums, sold more than 40 million records, and had numerous charting singles, most notably his song \"You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine\".", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ He worked as a film, television, and voice actor.", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ He was also a three-time Grammy-winner, all for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance.", "Lou Rawls __knowledge__ Rawls was born in Chicago on December 1, 1933, and raised by his grandmother in the Ida B.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette Jolene Barnes-Barkley is a fictional character and one of the two leads in the ABC/CMT musical drama series \"Nashville\".", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette is portrayed by actress Hayden Panettiere since the pilot episode, which aired on October 10, 2012.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette was a teenage country sensation and is now making more mature music.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ She tries to take the throne, as Queen of Country music, from rival Rayna Jaymes.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Panettiere has received critical acclaim for her performance as Juliette and she has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Television Series Drama in 2013 and 2014, a Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in 2012 and a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2016.", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ Milton Terrence Kelly (born November 30, 1946) is a Canadian novelist, poet and playwright.", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ Born in Toronto, Ontario, Kelly attended Parkdale Collegiate Institute, York University and the University of Toronto.", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ His first novel, \"I Do Remember The Fall\" (1977), was nominated for the Books in Canada First Novel Award.", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ This book was followed by two novels from Black Moss Press followed: \"The More Loving One\" and \"The Ruined Season\".", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ Kelly's third novel \"A Dream Like Mine\" (1987) won the Governor General's Award for fiction and was made into the movie \"Clearcut\".", "M. T. Kelly __knowledge__ A book of poetry, \"Country You Can't Walk In\", won the first Toronto Arts Council Award.", "I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?) __knowledge__ I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?)", "I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?) __knowledge__ is the second studio album by American soul group The Chi-Lites, produced and largely written by lead singer Eugene Record.", "I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?) __knowledge__ The album was released in 1970 on the Brunswick label.", "I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?) __knowledge__ Although the album is always categorised in discographies as an original release, in fact it contains only three new tracks, the remaining seven being recycled from the group's 1969 debut album \"Give It Away\".", "I Like Your Lovin' (Do You Like Mine?) __knowledge__ It is believed that Brunswick decided to release the album in this form due to the group not having recorded enough material for a completely new album at the time the title track was released as a single.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ Zakiya A. Munnerlyn is an American R&B/soul singer who released a self-titled studio album on DV8 Records in 1997.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ Two singles from the album, \"Love Like Mine\" and \"My Love Won't Fade Away\", entered \"Billboard\"'s Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ As a 15-year-old, Zakiya was crowned Hal Jackson's Talented Teens Miss International Queen of 1992.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ Two years later, she signed with Ric Wake's production company as part of the girl group Faces.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ After a year with the group, Zakiya pursued a solo career and signed with DV8 Records in 1995.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ Her debut single, \"Love Like Mine\", was released in 1996.", "Zakiya (singer) __knowledge__ A review of the song in \"Billboard\", which compared Zakiya's musical style to that of Brandy, remarked that Zakiya \"has the voice to be taken seriously [as] she slinks through a song that has a sing-along refrain that permanently sticks to the brain after the first listen.\"", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ Fictional military aircraft are imagined military aircraft which are used in fiction, in its various media, but do not exist in the real world.", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ These aircraft may be conjectured variants of real-world aircraft or they may be completely fabricated by the author.", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ Some may be physically impossible.", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ The Allied Nations' Black Eagles are high-speed VTOL jets used mostly by The Republic of Korea in .", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ Black Eagles feature forward-swept wings but otherwise resemble a Harrier Jump Jet.", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ They are loaded with powerful missiles used for engaging surface targets.", "List of fictional military aircraft __knowledge__ Black Eagles are usually painted black in reference to their name.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ In continuum mechanics, the Cauchy stress tensor formula_1, true stress tensor, or simply called the stress tensor is a second order tensor named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The tensor consists of nine components formula_2 that completely define the state of stress at a point inside a material in the deformed state, placement, or configuration.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The tensor relates a unit-length direction vector n to the stress vector T across an imaginary surface perpendicular to n: where, The SI units of both stress tensor and stress vector are [N/m^2], corresponding to the stress scalar.", "Cauchy stress tensor __knowledge__ The unit vector is dimensionless.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The Tesla Model S is a full-sized all-electric five-door, luxury liftback, produced by Tesla, Inc., and introduced on June 22, 2012.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ It scored a perfect 5.0 NHTSA automobile safety rating.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The EPA official range for the 2017 Model S 100D, which is equipped with a battery pack, is , higher than any other electric car.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The EPA rated the 2017 90D Model S's energy consumption at 200.9 watt-hours per kilometer (32.33 kWh/100 mi or 20.09 kWh/100 km) for a combined fuel economy of 104 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent ( or ).", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ In 2016, Tesla updated the design of the Model S to closely match that of the Model X. , the following versions are available: 75D, 100D and P100D.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Guy Martin (born 4 November 1981) is a British lorry-mechanic better known publicly as a motorcycle racer and a television personality.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Martin started racing in 1998, debuting on road circuits at the Isle of Man TT events in 2004, where he gained 15 podium finishes.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ He has broken his back twice in racing accidents, in the 2010 TT and the 2015 Ulster Grand Prix.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Following the Ulster Grand Prix accident, Martin stated that he had retired from motorcycle racing although he never disclosed the decision publicly.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ However following numerous approaches by Honda Racing team manager Neil Tuxworth, Martin confirmed in January 2017 that he had signed for Lincolnshire-based Honda Racing as partner to 23-times TT winner John McGuinness for the North West 200, Isle of Man TT and Southern 100 races.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is an American long-range, subsonic, jet-powered strategic bomber.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The B-52 was designed and built by Boeing, which has continued to provide support and upgrades.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ It has been operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) since the 1950s.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The bomber is capable of carrying up to of weapons, and has a typical combat range of more than 8,800 miles (14,080 km) without aerial refueling.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ Beginning with the successful contract bid in June 1946, the B-52 design evolved from a straight wing aircraft powered by six turboprop engines to the final prototype YB-52 with eight turbojet engines and swept wings.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Arthur \"Al\" Howie (September 16, 1945 – June 21, 2016) was a Canadian long-distance runner who won more than fifty marathons, ultramarathons, and multiday races in over two decades, including the 1991 Trans Canada Highway run (7295 kilometers) in the record time of 72 days and 10 hours.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ A brass plaque on Victoria's Mile Zero marker commemorates this athletic event for which he raised $750,000 for a fund for children with special needs.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Two weeks after running across Canada he won the Sri Chinmoy 1300 Miler in New York improving on his own world record time.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Both the Trans Canada run and the race qualified for the \"Guinness Book of Records\".", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 0 ]

[ "Actually yes. I have f-25-. My parent's use it for their lawn care business.", "It's a light duty truck produced by Ford. What more could you ask for?", "For a best-selling vehickle from 1981 and on, it sure handles wlell, and goes at least I don't know is 150 miles and hour fast?", "it's a fiery red color, like the eyes of the devil himself" ]

[ "Ford F-Series", "Ford F-Series", "Ford F-Series", "Ford F-Series" ]

[ "Field hockey\nI really enjoy watching field hockey.", "I don't know much about it, just that I enjoy watching it during the summer.", "That seems appropriate, right tools for the right people.", "Definetly. What else do you know about the sport?", "Cool, it's crazy to think of things being around so long." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ The Big East Conference (stylized as BIG EAST) is a collegiate athletic conference that competes in NCAA Division I in all sports except football, which is not sponsored.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ The conference has been officially recognized as a Division I multi-sport conference, effective on August 1, 2013.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ Its nucleus is composed of the \"Catholic Seven\" members of the original Big East Conference: DePaul University, Georgetown University, Marquette University, Providence College, Seton Hall University, St. John's University, and Villanova University.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ In December 2012, these schools chose to split from the football playing schools in order to focus on basketball, and in March 2013 reached a settlement, whereby they acquired the Big East Conference name, logos, and the rights to the men's basketball tournament.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ Indoor field hockey, or indoor hockey, is an indoor variant of \"traditional\" outdoor field hockey.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with indoor roller hockey variants such as rink hockey, inline hockey or floorball.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ It is traditionally and mainly played as a pastime by outdoor field hockey players during the off-season, when the outdoor pitches are frozen, or alternatively when conditions are too hot for outdoor play.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ Indoor field hockey is played in regular national and international championships.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ The first Indoor Field Hockey World Cup was organized in 2003.", "Indoor field hockey __knowledge__ It included countries which do not compete at the highest level of the outdoor game.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ Field hockey has been played by women in Australia since 1901.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ By 1907, there were clubs in several states including New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ Women's field hockey was eventually represented by the Australian Institute of Sport, though the amount of support it received was less than the support the men received.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ The All Australian Women's Hockey Association was established in 1910 to govern the sport in Australia.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ in 2000, Women’s Hockey Australia merged with the Australian Hockey Association to form Hockey Australia.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ The game has been played by women on the university and school level.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Field hockey in India refers to two teams, the India men's national field hockey team and the India women's national field hockey team.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ The Indian Olympic Association appointed a new five-member national selection committee.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ This panel will work in conjunction with the International Hockey Federation in managing field hockey in India.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ The panel was headed by Aslam Sher Khan, a former MP and former hockey captain and includes Ashok Kumar, Ajit Pal Singh, Zafar Iqbal and Dhanraj Pillay.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Aslam Sher Khan has now been replaced by Ajit Pal Singh as the chairman of the national selection committee.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Aslam Sher Khan was highly displeased by this decision, though he remained as a selector.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ My Own Private Idaho is a 1991 American independent adventure drama film written and directed by Gus Van Sant, loosely based on Shakespeare's \"Henry IV, Part 1\", \"Henry IV, Part 2\", and \"Henry V\", and starring River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ The story follows two friends, Mike and Scott, as they embark on a journey of personal discovery that takes them to Mike's hometown in Idaho and then to Italy in search of Mike's mother.", "My Own Private Idaho __knowledge__ Van Sant originally wrote the screenplay in the 1970s, but discarded it after reading John Rechy's 1963 novel \"City of Night\" and concluding that Rechy's treatment of the subject of street hustlers was better than his own.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player (short for Gretech Online Movie Player) is a media player for Windows, developed by the GOM & Company of South Korea.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ Its main features include the ability to play some broken media files and find missing codecs using a codec finder service.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ The word \"gom\" (곰) means \"bear\" in Korean, and as such GOM Player uses a bear's paw as its icon.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player can play following multimedia formats: The player can play incomplete, broken or damaged AVI files by skipping bad frames and rebuilding the file's index when necessary.", "GOM Player __knowledge__ GOM Player also supports peer-to-peer video streaming through an official add-on called GOMTV Streamer.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ Bradley Kent Stevens (born October 22, 1976) is an American professional basketball head coach for the Boston Celtics of the NBA.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ He was previously the head coach at Butler University in Indianapolis.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ A former basketball player, he grew up in Zionsville, Indiana, where he starred on the Zionsville Community High School basketball team, setting four school records.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ After high school, he attended DePauw University, where he played basketball and earned a degree in economics.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ He made the all-conference team multiple times and was a three-time Academic All-America nominee.", "Brad Stevens __knowledge__ Stevens joined the Butler basketball program as a volunteer prior to the 2000–01 season after quitting his job at Eli Lilly and Company.", "Drawing board __knowledge__ A drawing board (also drawing table, drafting table or architect's table) is, in its antique form, a kind of multipurpose desk which can be used for any kind of drawing, writing or impromptu sketching on a large sheet of paper or for reading a large format book or other oversized document or for drafting precise technical illustrations (such as engineering drawings or architectural drawings).", "Drawing board __knowledge__ The drawing table used to be a frequent companion to a pedestal desk in a gentleman's study or private library, during the pre-industrial and early industrial era.", "Drawing board __knowledge__ During the Industrial Revolution draftsmanship gradually became a specialized trade and drawing tables slowly moved out of the libraries and offices of most gentlemen.", "Printed circuit board __knowledge__ A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.", "Printed circuit board __knowledge__ Components are generally soldered onto the PCB to both electrically connect and mechanically fasten them to it.", "Printed circuit board __knowledge__ Printed circuit boards are used in all but the simplest electronic products.", "Printed circuit board __knowledge__ They are also used in some electrical products, such as passive switch boxes.", "Printed circuit board __knowledge__ Alternatives to PCBs include wire wrap and point-to-point construction, both once popular but now rarely used.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ INK Entertainment is a hospitality and entertainment company headquartered in Toronto that maintains various properties; mostly nightclubs and restaurants, as well as a country club, two annual music festivals, two talent agencies, and a hotel currently under construction.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Most of its properties are located in Toronto (either in the city's Entertainment District, Fashion District or in its ritzy Yorkville neighbourhood); with a few in Montreal, Niagara Falls, Miami area, and Las Vegas.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Founded and run by the Lebanese-born entrepreneur Charles Khabouth, INK currently owns and operates Toronto's Product nightclub, Dragonfly nightclub on Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort grounds, Cube nightclub and La Société restaurant.", "Folklore of India __knowledge__ The folklore of India compasses the folklore of the nation of India and the Indian subcontinent.", "Folklore of India __knowledge__ India is an ethnically and religiously diverse country.", "Folklore of India __knowledge__ Given this diversity, it is difficult to generalize widely about the folklore of India as a unit.", "Folklore of India __knowledge__ Although India is a Hindu-majority country, with more than three-fourths of the population identifying themselves as Hindus, there is no single, unified, and all-pervading concept of identity present in it.", "Folklore of India __knowledge__ It is because of the flexible nature of Hinduism which allows various heterogeneous traditions, numerous regional cultures and even different religions to grow and flourish.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "History of games __knowledge__ The history of games dates to the ancient human past.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games are an integral part of all cultures and are one of the oldest forms of human social interaction.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games are formalized expressions of play which allow people to go beyond immediate imagination and direct physical activity.", "History of games __knowledge__ Common features of games include uncertainty of outcome, agreed upon rules, competition, separate place and time, elements of fiction, elements of chance, prescribed goals and personal enjoyment.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games capture the ideas and worldviews of their cultures and pass them on to the future generation.", "History of games __knowledge__ Games were important as cultural and social bonding events, as teaching tools and as markers of social status." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Killing All the Right People __knowledge__ \"Killing All the Right People\" is the 26th episode of the sitcom \"Designing Women\".", "Killing All the Right People __knowledge__ Originally airing on October 5, 1987, as the fourth episode of the second season, it features Tony Goldwyn as Kendall Dobbs, a young man dying of AIDS who asks the women to design his funeral.", "Killing All the Right People __knowledge__ Series creator Linda Bloodworth-Thomason's mother died of AIDS and her experience with her mother's disease and the prejudice associated with it inspired the episode.", "Killing All the Right People __knowledge__ Kendall Dobbs (Tony Goldwyn), a young interior designer and friend to the Sugarbaker firm, approaches the women with an unusual request: He wants them to design his funeral.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Collaborative decision-making software __knowledge__ Collaborative decision-making (CDM) software is a software application or module that helps to coordinate and disseminate data and reach consensus among work groups.", "Collaborative decision-making software __knowledge__ CDM software coordinates the functions and features required to arrive at timely collective decisions, enabling all relevant stakeholders to participate in the process.", "Collaborative decision-making software __knowledge__ The selection of communication tools is very important for high end collaborative efforts.", "Collaborative decision-making software __knowledge__ Online collaboration tools are very different from one another, some use older forms of Internet-based Managing and working in virtual teams is not any task but it is being done for decades now.", "Succession planning __knowledge__ Succession planning is a process for identifying and developing new leaders who can replace old leaders when they leave, retire or die.", "Succession planning __knowledge__ Succession planning increases the availability of experienced and capable employees that are prepared to assume these roles as they become available.", "Succession planning __knowledge__ Taken narrowly, \"replacement planning\" for key roles is the heart of succession planning.", "Succession planning __knowledge__ Effective succession or talent-pool management concerns itself with building a series of feeder groups up and down the entire leadership pipeline or progression.", "Succession planning __knowledge__ In contrast, replacement planning is focused narrowly on identifying specific back-up candidates for given senior management positions.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ Drill bits are cutting tools used to remove material to create holes, almost always of circular cross-section.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ Drill bits come in many sizes and shapes and can create different kinds of holes in many different materials.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ In order to create holes drill bits are usually attached to a drill, which powers them to cut through the workpiece, typically by rotation.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ The drill will grasp the upper end of a bit called the \"shank\" in the chuck.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ Drill bits come in standard sizes, described in the drill bit sizes article.", "Drill bit __knowledge__ A comprehensive drill bit and tap size chart lists metric and imperial sized drill bits alongside the required screw tap sizes.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ In field hockey, each player carries a stick and cannot take part in the game without it.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The stick for an adult is usually in the range 89–95 cm (35–38 in) long.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ A maximum length of 105 cm (41\") was stipulated from 2016.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The maximum permitted weight is 737 grams.The majority of players use a stick in the range 19 oz to 22 oz (538 g - 623 g).", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Traditionally hockey sticks were made of hickory, ash or mulberry wood with the head of the sticks being hand carved and therefore required skilled craftsmen to produce.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Sticks made of wood continue to be made but the higher grade sticks are now manufactured from composite materials which were first permitted after 1992.", "Beaver dam __knowledge__ Beaver dams are dams built by beavers to provide ponds as protection against predators such as coyotes, wolves, and bears, and to provide easy access to food during winter.", "Beaver dam __knowledge__ These structures modify the natural environment in such a way that the overall ecosystem builds upon the change, making beavers a keystone species.", "Beaver dam __knowledge__ Beavers work at night and are prolific builders, carrying mud and stones with their fore-paws and timber between their teeth.", "Beaver dam __knowledge__ A minimum water level of is required to keep the underwater entrance to beaver lodges from being blocked by ice during the winter.", "Beaver dam __knowledge__ In lakes, rivers and large streams with deep enough water, beavers may not build dams and instead live in bank burrows and lodges.", "Ceramic capacitor __knowledge__ A ceramic capacitor is a fixed-value capacitor in which ceramic material acts as the dielectric.", "Ceramic capacitor __knowledge__ It is constructed of two or more alternating layers of ceramic and a metal layer acting as the electrodes.", "Ceramic capacitor __knowledge__ The composition of the ceramic material defines the electrical behavior and therefore applications.", "Ceramic capacitor __knowledge__ Ceramic capacitors are divided into two application classes: Ceramic capacitors, especially multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), are the most produced and used capacitors in electronic equipment that incorporate approximately one trillion (10) pieces per year.", "Ceramic capacitor __knowledge__ Ceramic capacitors of special shapes and styles are used as capacitors for RFI/EMI suppression, as feed-through capacitors and in larger dimensions as power capacitors for transmitters.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ An ice hockey stick is a piece of equipment used in ice hockey to shoot, pass, and carry the puck across the ice.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ Ice hockey sticks are approximately 150–200 cm long, composed of a long, slender shaft with a flat extension at one end called the blade.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The blade is the part of the stick used to contact the puck, and is typically 25 to 40 cm long.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ Stick dimensions can vary widely, as they are usually built to suit a particular player's size and preference.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The blade is positioned at roughly a 135° angle from the axis of the shaft, giving the stick a partly 'L-shaped' appearance.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The shaft of the stick is fairly rigid, but it has some flexibility to benefit some shots.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry, pass, catch, and shoot the ball into the goal.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The sport has four versions that have different sticks, fields, rules and equipment: field lacrosse, women's lacrosse, box lacrosse and intercrosse.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The men's games, field lacrosse (outdoor) and box lacrosse (indoor), are contact sports and all players wear protective gear: helmet, gloves, shoulder pads, and elbow pads.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The women's game does not allow body contact but does allow stick to stick contact.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The only protective gear required for women players is eyegear, while goalies wear helmets and protective pads.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals, but can also include the woodblock and cowbell (classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ Several special routes of U.S. Route 20 exist.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In order from west to east they are as follows.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In Toledo, Oregon, U.S. Route 20 Business runs from an intersection with the main highway west of Toledo on the Toledo Frontage Road and 5th Street through Toledo and again on the Toledo Frontage Road to an intersection with the main highway east of Toledo.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ Business 20 in Toledo is also called Sharon Branstiter Memorial Drive, in memory of Toledo's former mayor.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In Bend, Oregon, U.S. Route 20 Business runs from an intersection with the main highway north of Bend, south on East 1st Street, Deschutes Place, and Wall Street to Newport Avenue, concurrent with U.S. 97 Business, and then east on Newport Avenue and Greenwood Avenue to the main highway concurrent with East 3rd Avenue in Bend.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ In ice hockey, a shot on goal is a shot that directs the puck towards the net and either goes into the net for a goal or is stopped by the goaltender for a save.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ A shot that is deflected wide or blocked by an opponent does not count as a shot on goal, rather it is recorded as a blocked shot.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ The player who blocks the shot is credited with a 'blocked shot', and the player who shoots the puck is credited with an 'attempt blocked'.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Shots that sail wide or high of the net and shots that hit the goalpost or crossbar are not counted as shots on goal, rather they are counted as 'missed shots'.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Additionally, if a goaltender stops a puck that is going wide or high anyway, it is recorded as a 'missed shot'.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: association football, rugby (union and league), cricket, netball, darts, golf, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, bowls, modern rowing, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards, and curling.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This has meant that in the infancy of many sports, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland formed among the earliest separate governing bodies, national teams and domestic league competitions.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After 1922 some sports formed separate bodies for Northern Ireland though some continued to be organised on an all-Ireland basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In a small number of sports, these teams are supplemented by high-profile events featuring a combined team representing one or more nations.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material to have a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The Regular Army of the United States on the eve of the Civil War was essentially a frontier constabulary whose 16,000 officers and men were organized into 198 companies scattered across the nation at 79 different posts.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Ship gun fire-control system __knowledge__ Ship gun fire-control systems (GFCS) are fire-control systems to enable remote and automatic targeting of guns against surface ships, aircraft, and shore targets, with either optical or radar sighting.", "Ship gun fire-control system __knowledge__ Most US ships that are destroyers or larger (but not destroyer escorts or escort carriers) employed GFCS for 5 -inch and larger guns, up to battleships, such as the USS \"Iowa\".", "Ship gun fire-control system __knowledge__ Beginning with ships built in the 1960s, GFCSs were integrated with missile fire-control systems and other ship sensors.", "Ship gun fire-control system __knowledge__ The major components of a GFCS are a manned director, with or replaced by radar or television camera, a computer, stabilizing device or gyro, and equipment in a plotting room For the USN, the most prevalent gunnery computer was the Ford Mark 1, later the Mark 1A Fire Control Computer, which was an electro-mechanical analog ballistic computer that provided accurate firing solutions and could automatically control one or more gun mounts against stationary or moving targets on the surface or in the air.", "Călinești-Oaș __knowledge__ Călinești-Oaș (; , : ) is a commune in Satu Mare County, north-western Romania, with a population of 4,686.", "Călinești-Oaș __knowledge__ Part of the region of Maramureș, it is composed of four villages: Călinești-Oaș, Coca (\"Kakáktelep\"), Lechința (\"Avaslekence\"), and Pășunea Mare (\"Nagylegelő\").", "Călinești-Oaș __knowledge__ Situated on the western side of the Oaș Country Depression at a distance of from the county capital Satu Mare, Călinești borders Gherța Mică commune to the north, to the south Prilog-Vii village and Livada city, to the east Boinești village and to the west Turulung commune, which represents the boundary of the Oaș Country.", "Călinești-Oaș __knowledge__ Călinești-Oaș is situated in the Oaș Depression, near the Jelejnic Hill, North - East of the county seat Satu Mare on the Talna and Tur rivers.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry, pass, catch, and shoot the ball into the goal.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The sport has four versions that have different sticks, fields, rules and equipment: field lacrosse, women's lacrosse, box lacrosse and intercrosse.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The men's games, field lacrosse (outdoor) and box lacrosse (indoor), are contact sports and all players wear protective gear: helmet, gloves, shoulder pads, and elbow pads.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The women's game does not allow body contact but does allow stick to stick contact.", "Lacrosse __knowledge__ The only protective gear required for women players is eyegear, while goalies wear helmets and protective pads.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn (May 15, 1852 – March 31, 1944) is notable in American history as a war correspondent with the New York Times, Chicago Tribune and the Rocky Mountain News during the Great Sioux War of 1876, a scout and publicist for the Union Pacific Railroad, and a visionary builder of the Pacific Northwest.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Strahorn was a journalist and adventurer who shaped images of the American West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ No man knew the West as he knew it, and few persons had a more active or important if less prominent part in the building of the West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn was born near Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania, on May 15, 1852.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was fought on September 9 and 10, 1876, in the Great Sioux Reservation in the Dakota Territory, between the United States Army and the Sioux.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was the first U.S. Army victory of the Great Sioux War of 1876 after George Armstrong Custer's defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn on June 25 and 26, 1876.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ Brigadier General George Crook, one of the U.S. Army’s ablest Indian fighters, led the \"Horsemeat March,\" one of the most grueling military expeditions in U.S. history, destroying Oglala Chief American Horse’s village at Slim Buttes and repelling a counter-attack by Crazy Horse.", "Scotland in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Scotland in the Middle Ages concerns the history of Scotland from the departure of the Romans to the adoption of major aspects of the Renaissance in the early sixteenth century.", "Scotland in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ From the fifth century northern Britain was divided into a series of petty kingdoms.", "Scotland in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Of these the four most important to emerge were the Picts, the Gaels of Dál Riata, the Britons of Strathclyde and the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia.", "Scotland in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ After the arrival of the Vikings in the late eighth century, Scandinavian rulers and colonies were established along parts of the coasts and in the islands.", "Scotland in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ In the ninth century the Scots and Picts combined under the House of Alpin to form a single Kingdom of Alba, with a Pictish base and dominated by Gaelic culture.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ Population decline, counterurbanisation, invasion, and movement of peoples, which had begun in Late Antiquity, continued in the Early Middle Ages.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The period known as classical antiquity began with the emergence of the city-states of ancient Greece.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Later, the Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476 traditionally marks the start of the Middle Ages.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Beginning in the 14th century a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Simultaneously, the Protestant Reformation set up Protestant churches primarily in Germany, Scandinavia and England.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ After 1800, the Industrial Revolution brought prosperity to Britain and Western Europe.", "Kingdom of Scotland __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Scotland (; ) was a sovereign nation in northwest Europe traditionally said to have been founded in 843.", "Kingdom of Scotland __knowledge__ Its territories expanded and shrank, but it came to occupy the northern third of the island of Great Britain, sharing a land border to the south with the Kingdom of England.", "Kingdom of Scotland __knowledge__ It suffered many invasions by the English, but under Robert I it fought a successful war of independence and remained an independent state throughout the late Middle Ages.", "Kingdom of Scotland __knowledge__ In 1603, James VI of Scotland became King of England, joining Scotland with England in a personal union.", "Kingdom of Scotland __knowledge__ In 1707, the two kingdoms were united to form the Kingdom of Great Britain under the terms of the Acts of Union.", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the period of European history lasting from 1250-1500 CE.", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern era (and, in much of Europe, the Renaissance).", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ Around 1300, centuries of prosperity and growth in Europe came to a halt.", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ A series of famines and plagues, including the Great Famine of 1315–1317 and the Black Death, reduced the population to around half of what it was before the calamities.", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ Along with depopulation came social unrest and endemic warfare.", "Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ France and England experienced serious peasant uprisings, such as the Jacquerie and the Peasants' Revolt, as well as over a century of intermittent conflict in the Hundred Years' War.", "Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland (; Scots: ; ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.", "Scotland __knowledge__ It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west.", "Scotland __knowledge__ In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.", "Scotland __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Early Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707.", "Scotland __knowledge__ By inheritance in 1603, James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland, thus forming a personal union of the three kingdoms." ] ]

[ 3, 6, 46, 2, 4 ]

[ "I love it too, I especially like the games played on an indoor board surface.", "I don't know as much as some people but I recently learned that all the sticks aren't the same size. The length depends on the player's height.", "Yep, makes sense. They usually range between 35 to 38 inches long though. They look longer than that when they're playing lol", "It's been around since the Middle Ages in Scotland, England, France, and the Netherlands. ", "I know what you mean. It always blows my mind. Each team also has 11 players and that's including the goalie." ]

[ "Field hockey", "Field hockey", "Field hockey", "Field hockey", "Field hockey" ]

[ "Color blindness\nI am color blind.", "Yes I do but I don't really know much about it. I knew I just had difficulty in school.", "Yes me too. I'm a singer songwriter so it hasn't stopped me.", "Mostly folk music I learned from my dad. Bob dylan and people like that. People used to call me Jewel.", "Yeah, love it! I got into grunge when that was a thing. Miss that." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Males are more likely to be color blind than females, as the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ As females have two X chromosomes, a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other, while males only have one X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve, or parts of the brain.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; however a number of other testing methods also exist.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ There is no cure for color blindness.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change their method of teaching to accommodate the decreased ability to recognize colors.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ David Allen Stich, a.k.a.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Rockin’ Dave Allen, a.k.a.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Dave Allen, (September 27, 1941 – April 28, 1985) was an American blues guitarist, singer and songwriter.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Allen performed live throughout Texas and the Gulf Coast area from the late 1950s through the early 1980s.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ He recorded for the Jin, Eric, International Artists, Rock-a-Billy and Big Orange record labels for a total of sixteen 45 sides and two vinyl LPs.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Some of this material has also appeared on compact disc anthologies by Ace Records.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Approximately eighty minutes of Allen’s recordings remain unreleased.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Allen was born in Houston, Texas but his family moved to Franklin, a farming and ranching community in central Texas, just before he started school.", "Racism __knowledge__ Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.", "Racism __knowledge__ Today, the use of the term \"racism\" does not easily fall under a single definition.", "Racism __knowledge__ The ideology underlying racist practices often includes the idea that humans can be subdivided into distinct groups that are different due to their social behavior and their innate capacities as well as the idea that they can be ranked as inferior or superior.", "Racism __knowledge__ The Holocaust which led to the genocide of many millions of people based on an ideology of racial hierarchy is a well-known historical example of institutionalized racism, and so is the Apartheid regime in South Africa, slavery and segregation in the US.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Racial inequality in the United States refers to social advantages and disparities that affect different races within the United States.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ These inequities may be manifested in the distribution of wealth, power, and life opportunities afforded to people based on their race or ethnicity, both historic and modern.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ These can also be seen as a result of historic oppression, inequality of inheritance, or overall prejudice, especially against minority groups.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ In social science, racial inequality is typically analyzed as \"imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources, and opportunities.\"", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Racial inequalities have manifested in American society in ways ranging from racial disparities in wealth, poverty rates, housing patterns, educational opportunities, unemployment rates, and incarceration rates.", "Carefree (film) __knowledge__ Carefree is a 1938 musical film starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers.", "Carefree (film) __knowledge__ With a plot similar to screwball comedies of the period, \"Carefree\" is the shortest of the Astaire-Rogers films, featuring only four musical numbers.", "Carefree (film) __knowledge__ \"Carefree\" is often remembered as the film in which Astaire and Rogers shared a long on-screen kiss at the conclusion of their dance to \"I Used to Be Color Blind,\" all previous kisses having been either quick pecks or simply implied.", "Carefree (film) __knowledge__ \"Carefree\" was a reunion for the team of Astaire and Rogers after a brief hiatus following \"Shall We Dance\" and six other previous RKO pictures.", "Traffic-light signalling and operation __knowledge__ The use of traffic lights to control the movement of traffic differs regionally and internationally in certain respects.", "Traffic-light signalling and operation __knowledge__ This article describes some of these non-universal features.", "Traffic-light signalling and operation __knowledge__ Note that the color phase commonly known as \"yellow\" is often referred to, especially in official usage, as \"amber\"; for consistency this article uses \"yellow\" throughout.", "Traffic-light signalling and operation __knowledge__ In the United States, a flashing red light is the equivalent of a stop sign.", "Traffic-light signalling and operation __knowledge__ In the United States and Australia, flashing yellow does not require traffic to stop, but drivers should exercise caution since opposing traffic may enter the intersection after stopping.", "Rotrouenge __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, the rotrouenge (Old French) or retroencha (Old Occitan) was a recognised type of lyric poetry, although no existing source defines the genre clearly.", "Rotrouenge __knowledge__ There are four conserved troubadour poems, all with refrains and three by Guiraut Riquier with music, that are labelled \"retronchas\" in the chansonniers.", "Rotrouenge __knowledge__ Six \"rotrouenges\" survive, but only one with music, and four of them are attributed to one trouvère, Gontier de Soignies.", "Rotrouenge __knowledge__ Medieval Occitan treatises state that the \"retroencha\" always has a refrain, but modern scholars have found no other distinguishing characteristic.", "Rotrouenge __knowledge__ Pioneering work in singling out and identifying the \"rotroencha\" was made by Alfred Jeanroy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Males are more likely to be color blind than females, as the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ As females have two X chromosomes, a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other, while males only have one X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve, or parts of the brain.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; however a number of other testing methods also exist.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ There is no cure for color blindness.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change their method of teaching to accommodate the decreased ability to recognize colors.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\" (\"OLTL\").", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "Ben Weston (Days of Our Lives) __knowledge__ Ben Weston, also known as Ben Rogers, is a fictional character from \"Days of Our Lives\", an American soap opera on the NBC network, currently portrayed by Robert Scott Wilson.", "Ben Weston (Days of Our Lives) __knowledge__ Created by head writers Gary Tomlin and Christopher Whitesell, the character was introduced by co-executive producers Lisa de Cazotte and Greg Meng in February 2014 as the estranged brother of Jordan Ridgeway (Chrishell Stause).", "Ben Weston (Days of Our Lives) __knowledge__ Actor Justin Gaston originated the role and was quickly replaced by Wilson in April 2014.", "Ben Weston (Days of Our Lives) __knowledge__ Ben's arrival upsets Jordan's new life in Salem.", "Ben Weston (Days of Our Lives) __knowledge__ The character's most significant storylines include his romance with Abigail Deveraux (Kate Mansi), trying to live down his secret past threatened by the arrival of his abusive father Clyde Weston (James Read), and his feud with Chad DiMera (Billy Flynn).", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is a complex, lifelong disorder involving difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters and other symbols.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia does not affect general intelligence, but is often co-diagnosed with ADHD.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ There are at least three sub-types of dyslexia that have been recognized by researchers: orthographic, or surface dyslexia, phonological dyslexia and mixed dyslexia where individuals exhibit symptoms of both orthographic and phonological dyslexia.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Studies have shown that dyslexia is genetic and can be passed down through families, but it is important to note that, although a genetic disorder, there is no specific locus in the brain for reading and writing.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia, also known as reading disorder, is characterized by trouble with reading despite normal intelligence.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Different people are affected to varying degrees.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words, \"sounding out\" words in the head, pronouncing words when reading aloud and understanding what one reads.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Often these difficulties are first noticed at school.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ When someone who previously could read loses their ability, it is known as alexia.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ The difficulties are involuntary and people with this disorder have a normal desire to learn.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is believed to be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Reading is a modern development and therefore is not something the brain was evolved to do.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Despite the ease with which you might read this sentence, the act of reading requires the brain to co-opt other systems and structures (most notably visual and auditory pathways) in order to make meaning out of the marks on a page.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is defined broadly as a problem reading despite normal intelligence.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ However, due to the complexity of the reading process, several theories have emerged over the causes of dyslexia.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ It is widely accepted that dyslexia is biological, and there are several twin studies that support the heritability of dyslexia.", "Educational neuroscience __knowledge__ Educational neuroscience (or neuroeducation, a component of Mind Brain and Education) is an emerging scientific field that brings together researchers in cognitive neuroscience, developmental cognitive neuroscience, educational psychology, educational technology, education theory and other related disciplines to explore the interactions between biological processes and education.", "Educational neuroscience __knowledge__ Researchers in educational neuroscience investigate the neural mechanisms of reading, numerical cognition, attention and their attendant difficulties including dyslexia, dyscalculia and ADHD as they relate to education.", "Special education __knowledge__ Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with special educational needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.", "Special education __knowledge__ Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.", "Special education __knowledge__ These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, that may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.", "Characteristics of dyslexia __knowledge__ The International Dyslexia Association defines dyslexia as a specific learning disability of neurobiological origin that is characterized by difficulty with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and poor spelling and decoding abilities.", "Characteristics of dyslexia __knowledge__ These difficulties typically result from a deficit in the phonological component of language development in relation to other cognitive abilities and the provision of effective classroom instruction.", "Characteristics of dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is also related to problems with reading comprehension that can impede development of vocabulary and related background knowledge.", "Characteristics of dyslexia __knowledge__ [9] Examples of these issues can be problems speaking in full sentences, problems correctly articulating Rs and Ls as well as Ms and Ns, mixing up sounds in multi-syllabic words (ex: aminal for animal, bisghetti for spaghetti, hekalopter for helicopter, hangaberg for hamburger, ageen for magazine, etc.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The history of dyslexia research spans from the late 1800s to the present.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The concept of \"word-blindness\" (\"German\": \"wortblindheit\"), as an isolated condition, was first developed by the German physician Adolph Kussmaul in the 1870s.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ Identified by Oswald Berkhan in 1881, the term 'dyslexia' was later coined in 1887 by Rudolf Berlin, an ophthalmologist practicing in Stuttgart, Germany.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The word is drawn from the Greek prefix δυσ- (\"dus-\"), \"hard, bad, difficult\" + λέξις (\"lexis\"), \"speech, word\".", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ He used the term to refer to a case of a young boy who had a severe impairment in learning to read and write in spite of showing typical intellectual and physical abilities in all other respects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Males are more likely to be color blind than females, as the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ As females have two X chromosomes, a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other, while males only have one X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve, or parts of the brain.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; however a number of other testing methods also exist.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ There is no cure for color blindness.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change their method of teaching to accommodate the decreased ability to recognize colors.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ Tony Kaye (born Anthony John Selvidge; 11 January 1946) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, producer and manager, best known as a founding member of the rock band Yes.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ Born into a musical family, Kaye was classically trained and intended to become a concert pianist before he developed an interest in jazz and contemporary rock and pop music.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ He joined several groups through the 1960s, including the Federals, Johnny Taylor's Star Combo, Jimmy Winston & His Reflections, and Bittersweet.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ From 1968 to 1971, Kaye was a member of Yes and played on their first three albums.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ He then formed Badger and relocated to Los Angeles in 1974, after which he toured with David Bowie and joined Detective.", "Unusual types of gramophone records __knowledge__ The overwhelming majority of records manufactured have been of certain sizes (7, 10, or 12 inches), playback speeds (33, 45, or 78 RPM), and appearance (round black discs).", "Unusual types of gramophone records __knowledge__ However, since the commercial adoption of the gramophone record (called a phonograph record in the U.S., where both cylinder records and disc records were invented), a wide variety of records have also been produced that do not fall into these categories, and they have served a variety of purposes.", "Unusual types of gramophone records __knowledge__ The most common diameter sizes for gramophone records are 12-inch, 10-inch, and 7-inch.", "Unusual types of gramophone records __knowledge__ Early American shellac records were all 7-inch until 1901, when 10-inch records were introduced.", "Véronique Sanson __knowledge__ Véronique Sanson (full name, Véronique Marie Line Sanson, born 24 April 1949 in Boulogne-Billancourt, near Paris, France) is a three-time Victoires de la Musique Award-winning French singer-songwriter, musician, and producer with an avid following in her native country.", "Véronique Sanson __knowledge__ She brings a very personal vocal style to the singing of French pop songs: Her voice has a very strong vibrato.", "Véronique Sanson __knowledge__ Ten years after Barbara, Véronique Sanson became one of the very first French female singer-songwriters to break into stardom with her debut album Amoureuse in 1972.", "Véronique Sanson __knowledge__ She also became one of the most successful and most prominent members of the Seventies \"Nouvelle chanson française\" (\"New French chanson\"), alongside Alain Souchon, Bernard Lavilliers, Jacques Higelin, Yves Simon, Michel Polnareff, Catherine Lara, Yves Duteil, Maxime Le Forestier, Renaud, William Sheller, Michel Jonasz, Michel Berger, Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine, Louis Chédid, or Francis Cabrel.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ John Roy Anderson (born 25 October 1944), known professionally as Jon Anderson, is a British-American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist best known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes, which he co-founded in 1968 with bassist Chris Squire.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He was a member of the band across three tenures between 1968 and 2008.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ Anderson is also noted for his solo career and collaborations with other artists, including Vangelis as Jon and Vangelis, Roine Stolt as Anderson/Stolt, and Jean-Luc Ponty as AndersonPonty Band.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He has also appeared on albums by King Crimson, Tangerine Dream, and Iron Butterfly.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Triona (singer) __knowledge__ Triona Carville is a pop rock singer-songwriter from Northern Ireland, more commonly known by her stage name \"Triona\".", "Triona (singer) __knowledge__ In 2014 she won the Cel Fay award for songwriter of the year and in 2016 she won the Panart’s young singer-songwriter of the year.", "Triona (singer) __knowledge__ Carville has four older brothers, and her father taught her three guitar chords; soon afterwards, she began teaching herself with her father’s old guitar books.", "Triona (singer) __knowledge__ She began performing solo at the age of 15 playing gigs around Northern Ireland.Her first gig was at the wedding of her first cousin Aideen Flanagan to her fiancee Darrin Hynes.", "Triona (singer) __knowledge__ By the age of 16 she had started songwriting and was first introduced to the Panart’s Belfast Nashville singer songwriters Festival.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia, also known as reading disorder, is characterized by trouble with reading despite normal intelligence.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Different people are affected to varying degrees.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words, \"sounding out\" words in the head, pronouncing words when reading aloud and understanding what one reads.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Often these difficulties are first noticed at school.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ When someone who previously could read loses their ability, it is known as alexia.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ The difficulties are involuntary and people with this disorder have a normal desire to learn.", "Dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is believed to be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Reading is a modern development and therefore is not something the brain was evolved to do.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Despite the ease with which you might read this sentence, the act of reading requires the brain to co-opt other systems and structures (most notably visual and auditory pathways) in order to make meaning out of the marks on a page.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is defined broadly as a problem reading despite normal intelligence.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ However, due to the complexity of the reading process, several theories have emerged over the causes of dyslexia.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ It is widely accepted that dyslexia is biological, and there are several twin studies that support the heritability of dyslexia.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The history of dyslexia research spans from the late 1800s to the present.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The concept of \"word-blindness\" (\"German\": \"wortblindheit\"), as an isolated condition, was first developed by the German physician Adolph Kussmaul in the 1870s.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ Identified by Oswald Berkhan in 1881, the term 'dyslexia' was later coined in 1887 by Rudolf Berlin, an ophthalmologist practicing in Stuttgart, Germany.", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ The word is drawn from the Greek prefix δυσ- (\"dus-\"), \"hard, bad, difficult\" + λέξις (\"lexis\"), \"speech, word\".", "History of dyslexia research __knowledge__ He used the term to refer to a case of a young boy who had a severe impairment in learning to read and write in spite of showing typical intellectual and physical abilities in all other respects.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is a complex, lifelong disorder involving difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters and other symbols.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia does not affect general intelligence, but is often co-diagnosed with ADHD.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ There are at least three sub-types of dyslexia that have been recognized by researchers: orthographic, or surface dyslexia, phonological dyslexia and mixed dyslexia where individuals exhibit symptoms of both orthographic and phonological dyslexia.", "Orthographies and dyslexia __knowledge__ Studies have shown that dyslexia is genetic and can be passed down through families, but it is important to note that, although a genetic disorder, there is no specific locus in the brain for reading and writing.", "Deep dyslexia __knowledge__ Deep dyslexia is a form of dyslexia that disrupts reading processes.", "Deep dyslexia __knowledge__ Deep dyslexia may occur as a result of a head injury, stroke, disease, or operation.", "Deep dyslexia __knowledge__ This injury results in the occurrence of semantic errors during reading and the impairment of nonword reading.", "Deep dyslexia __knowledge__ The term dyslexia comes from the Greek words 'dys' meaning 'impaired', and 'lexis' meaning 'word' and is used to describe disorders of language concerning reading and spelling.", "Deep dyslexia __knowledge__ Numerous models and hypotheses have been proposed in attempt to explain the broad range of symptoms experienced by deep dyslexics, but a definite consensus has yet to be reached.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ Say Anything is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed in 2000 by Max Bemis and his friends, and within two years, they self-released two EPs and a full-length album.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ In 2003, the band signed with their first label, Doghouse Records.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ A year later, they released \"...Is a Real Boy\".", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ To support the album, they picked up new members and began touring; however, despite rapidly growing critical and fan acclaim, Bemis' health problems, including bipolar disorder and drug addictions, sidelined the band in 2005 as five band members left during the year.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ Say Anything signed with J Records in 2005 and, following Bemis' successful rehabilitation, re-released \"...Is a Real Boy\" on J Records.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Males are more likely to be color blind than females, as the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ As females have two X chromosomes, a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other, while males only have one X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve, or parts of the brain.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; however a number of other testing methods also exist.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ There is no cure for color blindness.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change their method of teaching to accommodate the decreased ability to recognize colors.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan __knowledge__ The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on May 27, 1963 by Columbia Records.", "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Whereas his self-titled debut album \"Bob Dylan\" had contained only two original songs, \"Freewheelin\" represented the beginning of Dylan's writing contemporary words to traditional melodies.", "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Eleven of the thirteen songs on the album are Dylan's original compositions.", "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan __knowledge__ The album opens with \"Blowin' in the Wind\", which became an anthem of the 1960s, and an international hit for folk trio Peter, Paul & Mary soon after the release of \"Freewheelin\".", "The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan __knowledge__ The album featured several other songs which came to be regarded as among Dylan's best compositions and classics of the 1960s folk scene: \"Girl from the North Country\", \"Masters of War\", \"A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall\" and \"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right\".", "Contemporary folk music __knowledge__ Contemporary folk music refers to a wide variety of genres that emerged in the mid 20th century and afterwards which were associated with traditional folk music.", "Contemporary folk music __knowledge__ Starting in the mid-20th century a new form of popular folk music evolved from traditional folk music.", "Contemporary folk music __knowledge__ This process and period is called the (second) folk revival and reached a zenith in the 1960s.", "Contemporary folk music __knowledge__ The most common name for this new form of music is also \"folk music\", but is often called \"contemporary folk music\" or \"folk revival music\" to make the distinction.", "Contemporary folk music __knowledge__ The transition was somewhat centered in the US and is also called the American folk music revival.", "Woody Guthrie __knowledge__ Woodrow Wilson Guthrie (; July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967) was an American singer-songwriter, one of the most significant figures in American folk music; his songs, including social justice songs, such as \"This Land Is Your Land\", have inspired several generations both politically and musically.", "Woody Guthrie __knowledge__ He wrote hundreds of political, folk, and children's songs, along with ballads and improvised works.", "Woody Guthrie __knowledge__ His album of songs about the Dust Bowl period, \"Dust Bowl Ballads\", is included on \"Mojo\" magazine's 100 Records That Changed The World.", "Woody Guthrie __knowledge__ Many of his recorded songs are archived in the Library of Congress.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Bringing It All Back Home is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 22, 1965 by Columbia Records.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ The album is divided into an electric and an acoustic side, although the acoustic side included some tracks in which other instruments were backing up Dylan and his guitar, but no drums were used.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ On side one of the original LP, Dylan is backed by an electric rock and roll band—a move that further alienated him from some of his former peers in the folk music community.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Likewise, on the acoustic second side of the album, he distanced himself from the protest songs with which he had become closely identified (such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall\"), as his lyrics continued their trend towards the abstract and personal.", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ \"Mr. Tambourine Man\" is a song written, composed, and performed by Bob Dylan, who released his original version of it on his 1965 album \"Bringing It All Back Home.\"", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ The Byrds also recorded a version of the song that they released in the same year as their first single on Columbia Records, reaching number 1 on both the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and the UK Singles Chart, as well as being the title track of their debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man.\"", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ The Byrds' recording of the song was influential in popularizing the musical subgenres of folk rock and jangle pop, leading many contemporary bands to mimic its fusion of jangly guitars and intellectual lyrics in the wake of the single's success.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ The music of Brazil encompasses various regional musical styles influenced by African, European and Amerindian forms.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as sertanejo, samba, bossa nova, MPB, música nativista, pagode, tropicália, choro, maracatu, embolada (coco de repente), funk carioca, frevo, brega, modinha and Brazilian versions of foreign musical styles, such as rock, soul, hip-hop, disco music, country music, ambient, industrial and psychedelic music, rap, classical music, fado, and gospel.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ Samba has become the best known form of Brazilian music worldwide, especially because of the country's carnival, although bossa nova, which had Antônio Carlos Jobim as one of its most acclaimed composers and performers, have received much attention abroad since the 1950s, when the song \"Desafinado\", interpreted by João Gilberto, was first released.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ The music of Latin America refers to music originating from Latin America, namely the Romance-speaking countries and territories of the Americas and the Caribbean south of the United States.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Latin American music also incorporates African music from slaves who were transported to the Americas by European settlers as well as music from the indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Due to its highly syncretic nature, Latin American music encompasses a wide variety of styles, including influential genres such as bachata, bossa nova, merengue, rumba, salsa, samba, son, and tango.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ During the 20th century, many styles were influenced by the music of the United States giving rise to genres such as Latin pop, rock, jazz, hip hop, and reggaeton.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ Andy Russell (born Andrés Rábago; September 16, 1919 – April 16, 1992) was an American popular vocalist, actor, and entertainer of Mexican descent, specializing in traditional pop and Latin music.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He sold 8 million records in the 1940s singing in a romantic, baritone voice and in his trademark bilingual English and Spanish style.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He had chart-busters, such as \"Bésame Mucho,\" \"Amor,\" and \"What a Diff'rence a Day Made.\"", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He also made personal appearances and performed on radio programs, most notably \"Your Hit Parade\", in several movies, and on television.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ During this initial phase of his career, his popularity in the United States rivaled that of crooners Frank Sinatra and Perry Como.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Males are more likely to be color blind than females, as the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ As females have two X chromosomes, a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other, while males only have one X chromosome.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve, or parts of the brain.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; however a number of other testing methods also exist.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ There is no cure for color blindness.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change their method of teaching to accommodate the decreased ability to recognize colors.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a style of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ In this instance, the word \"alternative\" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, DIY ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ At times, \"alternative\" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ \"Mr. Tambourine Man\" is a song written, composed, and performed by Bob Dylan, who released his original version of it on his 1965 album \"Bringing It All Back Home.\"", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ The Byrds also recorded a version of the song that they released in the same year as their first single on Columbia Records, reaching number 1 on both the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and the UK Singles Chart, as well as being the title track of their debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man.\"", "Mr. Tambourine Man __knowledge__ The Byrds' recording of the song was influential in popularizing the musical subgenres of folk rock and jangle pop, leading many contemporary bands to mimic its fusion of jangly guitars and intellectual lyrics in the wake of the single's success.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The Byrds were an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The band underwent multiple lineup changes throughout its existence, with frontman Roger McGuinn (known as Jim McGuinn until mid-1967) remaining the sole consistent member, until the group disbanded in 1973.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Although they only managed to attain the huge commercial success of contemporaries like the Beatles, the Beach Boys, and the Rolling Stones for a short period in the mid-60s, the Byrds are today considered by critics to be one of the most influential bands of the 1960s.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Their signature blend of clear harmony singing and McGuinn's jangly twelve-string Rickenbacker guitar was immediately absorbed into the vocabulary of popular music and has continued to be influential up to the present day.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ Mr. Tambourine Man is the debut album by the American folk rock band the Byrds and was released in June 1965 on Columbia Records (\"see\" 1965 in music).", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The album, along with the single of the same name, established the band as an internationally successful rock act and was also influential in originating the musical style known as folk rock.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" was, in fact, first coined by the U.S. music press to describe the band's sound in mid-1965, at around the same time that the \"Mr. Tambourine Man\" single reached the top of the \"Billboard\" chart.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The single and album also represented the first effective American challenge to the dominance of The Beatles and the British Invasion during the mid-1960s.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Bringing It All Back Home is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 22, 1965 by Columbia Records.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ The album is divided into an electric and an acoustic side, although the acoustic side included some tracks in which other instruments were backing up Dylan and his guitar, but no drums were used.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ On side one of the original LP, Dylan is backed by an electric rock and roll band—a move that further alienated him from some of his former peers in the folk music community.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Likewise, on the acoustic second side of the album, he distanced himself from the protest songs with which he had become closely identified (such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall\"), as his lyrics continued their trend towards the abstract and personal.", "Another Side of Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 8, 1964 by Columbia Records.", "Another Side of Bob Dylan __knowledge__ The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP, \"The Times They Are A-Changin'\".", "Another Side of Bob Dylan __knowledge__ The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community – \"Sing Out!\"", "Another Side of Bob Dylan __knowledge__ editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had \"somehow lost touch with people\" and was caught up in \"the paraphernalia of fame\".", "Another Side of Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Despite the album's thematic shift, Dylan performed the entirety of \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" as he had previous records – solo." ] ]

[ 2, 52, 16, 39, 24 ]

[ "my grandfather was colorblind. He also struggled in school due to dyslexia. Do you have educational difficulties like that?", "Dyslexia is also known as a reading disorder, doesnt say anything about normal intelligence though. My grandfather is certainly smart in his own way. Genius mechanic.", "That's great! I sing and have done some songwriting myself. Have you explored many musical styles?", "Bob Dylan is great! I love Mr. Tambourine Man", "Grunge? very cool! You can always get back to those punk rock roots and put down that acoustic haha" ]

[ "Color blindness", "Color blindness", "Color blindness", "Color blindness", "Color blindness" ]

[ "Juggling\nJuggling is the greatest! I've done it since I was a kid.", "It really is my happy place. I do it for a living in the circus now, so I get to perform every day!", "The craziest prop that I've used were some chainsaws.", "Does he incorporate fire breathing in his act?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Jeff Civillico (born in the early 1980s) is a juggler, corporate entertainer, and comedian.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Based in Las Vegas, he headlines the comedy show \"Comedy in Action\" at Flamingo Las Vegas and was a guest performer at Nathan Burton's magic show.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Born in Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania, Civillico became enamored with juggling after seeing a street performer in Boston when he was 11 years old.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ In his freshman year of high school, he founded the Juggling Club at Saint Joseph's Preparatory School, where he and other members would perform for free at nearby nursing homes and at a school for developmentally disabled children and young adults.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Gandini Juggling are a London-based contemporary circus company.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Originally called Gandini Juggling Project, the company was founded in 1992 by Sean Gandini and Kati Ylä-Hokkala.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Their initial works focused on fusing juggling with principles from postmodern dance, and were created in close collaboration with choreographer Gill Clarke.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Gandini Juggling were early-adopters of siteswap notation, guided by their collaborations with Mike Day, who performed in their first two works.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ In later years Gandini Juggling have explored juggling's relationship to art forms other than postmodern dance, and to date they have created over 30 stage and outdoor performances ranging from \"radical art/juggling fusions to accessible theatrical performances, from choreographic studies to commercially commissioned routines.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "JoJo's Circus __knowledge__ JoJo's Circus is an American interactive stop-motion musical comedy series for preschool children.", "JoJo's Circus __knowledge__ The series is created by the combined efforts of Jim Jinkins, David Campbell, Mildred Seidman, Lisa Jinkins and Eric Weiner and produced by Cuppa Coffee Studios and Cartoon Pizza.", "JoJo's Circus __knowledge__ The series is written by Douglas Wood, the creative executive for \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" and \"Animaniacs\" and features songs with music by Jeffrey Zahn and Jim Latham and lyrics done by Judy Rothman.", "JoJo's Circus __knowledge__ It first aired on the Disney Channel as part of the Playhouse Disney lineup from September 28, 2003, to February 14, 2007.", "Stuart Semple __knowledge__ Stuart Semple (born 1980) is a contemporary British artist and curator, based in London and Dorset.", "Stuart Semple __knowledge__ Known for his large scale canvases incorporating text and found imagery, Semple's practice addresses ideas sparked by immersion in popular culture and combines contemporary figurative painting with pop art.", "Stuart Semple __knowledge__ Semple’s work has strong links with Richard Hamilton’s Pop Art, but have a contemporary emphasis on latent fear and threat rather than Hamilton’s consumer culture and glamour.", "Stuart Semple __knowledge__ Semple was born in Bournemouth, Dorset.", "Stuart Semple __knowledge__ He studied Advanced Art and Design at Bournemouth and Poole College, and Painting and Printmaking at Bretton Hall College in Yorkshire.", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ Jerusalem On High is a Hymn written by minister Samuel Crossman and music composed by Charles Steggall.", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ Jerusalem on high, my song that city is, My home whene’er I die, the center of my bliss; O happy place!", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ When shall I be, My God, with Thee, to see Thy face?", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ There dwells my Lord, my King, judged here unfit to live; There angels to Him sing and lowly homage give; O happy place!", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ When shall I be, My God, with Thee, to see Thy face?", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ The patriarchs of old there from their travels cease; The prophets there behold their longed for Prince of peace; O happy place!", "Jerusalem On High __knowledge__ When shall I be, My God, with Thee, to see Thy face?", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American pop singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer, and author.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ He starred in the 2001 film \"On the Line\", which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Game __knowledge__ A game is a structured form of play, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool.", "Game __knowledge__ Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an expression of aesthetic or ideological elements.", "Game __knowledge__ However, the distinction is not clear-cut, and many games are also considered to be work (such as professional players of spectator sports or games) or art (such as jigsaw puzzles or games involving an artistic layout such as Mahjong, solitaire, or some video games).", "Game __knowledge__ Games are sometimes played purely for entertainment, sometimes for achievement or reward as well.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ A chainsaw is a portable, mechanical saw which cuts with a set of teeth attached to a rotating chain that runs along a guide bar.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ It is used in activities such as tree felling, limbing, bucking, pruning, cutting firebreaks in wildland fire suppression and harvesting of firewood.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ Chainsaws with specially designed bar and chain combinations have been developed as tools for use in chainsaw art and chainsaw mills.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ Specialized chainsaws are used for cutting concrete.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ Chainsaws are sometimes used for cutting ice, for example for ice sculpture and in Finland for winter swimming.", "Chainsaw __knowledge__ Someone who uses a saw is a sawyer.", "Chainsaws in popular culture __knowledge__ Chainsaws, the common logging and woodworking tool, are also a common sight in popular culture.", "Chainsaws in popular culture __knowledge__ Chainsaws have appeared in countless films being used for their intended purpose, but this rarely if ever is given a prominent role in the plot.", "Chainsaws in popular culture __knowledge__ More prominent however is portrayals of chainsaws as weapons or torture devices.", "Chainsaws in popular culture __knowledge__ Despite chainsaws having been around since the 1930s, they were not seen used as a weapon in film until the 1960s, possibly due to Hays Code censorship restrictions on portrayals of graphic violence.", "Chainsaws in popular culture __knowledge__ Among the earliest films to portray chainsaws as weapons are \"Dark of the Sun\" (1968) and \"The Wizard of Gore\" (1970).", "Royal Observer Corps __knowledge__ The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation intended for the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft over Great Britain.", "Royal Observer Corps __knowledge__ It operated in the United Kingdom between 29 October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down.", "Royal Observer Corps __knowledge__ (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996).", "Royal Observer Corps __knowledge__ Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ This article is about risk control methods specific to chainsaws and chainsaw operations.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ Chainsaws incorporate numerous safety features common to many engine-driven power tools.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ Manufacturers have invented numerous design features to improve safety.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ Some features have become \"de facto\" standards, and others are legal requirements in particular jurisdictions.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ Best practice dictates that an operator should inspect the saw before starting work and only operate the saw if all the safety features are properly functional.", "Chainsaw safety features __knowledge__ Additional safety features are a significant commercial advantage to chainsaw producers.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ Sasuke (サスケ; stylized in Japan as SASUKE) is a Japanese sports entertainment television special in which 100 competitors attempt to complete a four-stage obstacle course.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ An edited version, named Ninja Warrior, is screened in at least 18 other countries.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ To date, \"Sasuke\" content has been aired in 157 countries.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ Recorded on location at Midoriyama studio in Yokohama, it airs on Tokyo Broadcasting System between Japanese television drama seasons.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ The show name \"Sasuke\" is named after Sarutobi Sasuke, a fictitious character in Japanese storytelling.", "Sasuke (TV series) __knowledge__ Each 3-hour special (with the exception of \"Sasuke\" 24 which lasted 5 1/2 hours) covers an entire competition; there are normally 100 participants.", "Homelite Corporation __knowledge__ Homelite Corporation is an American power equipment manufacturer, i.e.", "Homelite Corporation __knowledge__ (chainsaws, leaf blowers, trimmers), that became notable as being one of the largest post-World War II manufacturers of portable electrical generators and professional and consumer level chainsaws, as well as holding the distinction of producing the world's first one-man operated chainsaw.", "Homelite Corporation __knowledge__ Beginnings In 1921, entrepreneur Charles H. Ferguson of Port Chester, New York, invented a lightweight, portable, gasoline-powered electrical generator.", "Homelite Corporation __knowledge__ His newly founded company, the Home Electric Lighting Company (later abbreviated to Homelite), made it possible for thousands of rural farms and households to enjoy the convenience of electricity, where it would be years before land lines would reach many of these remote areas.", "Crosscut saw __knowledge__ A crosscut saw (thwart saw) is any saw designed for cutting wood perpendicular to (across) the wood grain.", "Crosscut saw __knowledge__ Crosscut saws may be small or large, with small teeth close together for fine work like woodworking or large for coarse work like log bucking, and can be a hand tool or power tool.", "Crosscut saw __knowledge__ The cutting edge of each tooth is angled in an alternating pattern.", "Crosscut saw __knowledge__ This design allows each tooth to act like a knife edge and slice through the wood in contrast to a rip saw, which tears along the grain, acting like a miniature chisel.", "Crosscut saw __knowledge__ Some crosscut saws use special teeth called \"rakers\" designed to clean out the cut strips of wood from the \"kerf\".", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Object manipulation is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more people physically interact with one or more objects.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills are recognised circus skills.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Other object manipulation skills are linked to sport, magic, and everyday objects or practices.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills use special props made for that purpose: examples include the varied circus props such as balls, clubs, hoops, rings, poi, staff, and devil sticks; magic props such as cards and coins; sports equipment such as nunchaku and footballs.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Any other object can also be used for manipulation skills.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Juggling rings, or simply \"rings\", are a popular prop used by jugglers, usually in sets of three or more, or in combination with other props such as balls or clubs.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ The rings used by jugglers are typically about in diameter and thick.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Juggling rings are easier to juggle than clubs, but harder than balls due to size and throwing mechanics.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ Because of rings' impressive appearance for their level of difficulty, they remain a popular juggling item.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ When juggled, rings are typically spun about their central axis.", "Juggling ring __knowledge__ The resulting gyroscopic motion of the ring allows it to keep the same orientation after it is thrown.", "Dalek variants __knowledge__ Since their first appearance in 1963 there have been a number of variant models of the Daleks, a fictional alien race in the BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "Dalek variants __knowledge__ First seen in the serial \"The Daleks\", the outward manifestation is portrayed as a powerful, technically advanced travel machine in which a hideous and malevolent mutant, the Dalek creature, resides.", "Dalek variants __knowledge__ Although the general appearance of the Daleks has remained the same, details of both the casing and the mutant creature have changed over time.", "Dalek variants __knowledge__ Alterations were made to accommodate the requirements of specific plot elements in various serials and episodes or at the request of producers, designers and directors to revitalise the Dalek appearance.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern or juggling trick is a specific manipulation of props during the practice of juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ \"Juggling, like music, combines abstract patterns and mind-body coordination in a pleasing way.\"", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Descriptions of patterns and tricks have been most common in toss juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern in toss juggling is a sequence of throws and catches using a certain number of props which is repeated continuously.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Patterns include simple ones such as the cascade and complex ones such as Mills mess.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling trick in toss juggling is a throw or catch which is different from the throws and catches within a pattern." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Fire breathing __knowledge__ Fire breathing is the act of making a plume or stream of fire by creating a precise mist of fuel from the mouth over an open flame.", "Fire breathing __knowledge__ Regardless of the precautions taken, it is always a dangerous activity, but the proper technique and the correct fuel reduces the risk of injury or death.", "Fire breathing __knowledge__ Fire breathing is performed by both professionals and non-professionals.", "Fire breathing __knowledge__ Professional fire breathers usually incorporate the fire performance skill within a show where other fire skills are performed.", "Fire breathing __knowledge__ The element of danger in performing fire breathing and other fire skills enhances the entertainment spectacle for many audience members.", "Fire breather's pneumonia __knowledge__ Fire breather's pneumonia, also known as fire breather's lung or fire-eater's lung, is a distinct type of exogenous—that is, originating outside the body—lipoid pneumonia (chemical pneumonitis) that results from inhalation or aspiration of hydrocarbons of different types, such as lamp oil.", "Fire breather's pneumonia __knowledge__ Accidental inhalation of hydrocarbon fuels can occur during fire breathing, fire eating, or other fire performance, and may lead to pneumonitis.", "Fire breather's pneumonia __knowledge__ Symptoms can vary significantly among individuals, ranging from asymptomatic to a severe, life-threatening disease.", "Fire breather's pneumonia __knowledge__ Onset usually occurs within hours, though symptoms may not appear for several days.", "Fire performance __knowledge__ Fire performance is a group of performance arts or skills that involve the manipulation of fire.", "Fire performance __knowledge__ Fire performance typically involves equipment or other objects made with one or more wicks which are designed to sustain a large enough flame to create a visual effect.", "Fire performance __knowledge__ Fire performance includes skills based on juggling, baton twirling, poi spinning, and other forms of object manipulation.", "Fire performance __knowledge__ It also includes skills such as fire breathing, fire eating, and body burning; sometimes called fakir skills.", "Fire performance __knowledge__ Fire performance has various styles of performance including fire dancing; the use of fire as a finalé in an otherwise non-fire performance; and the use of fire skills as 'dangerous' stunts.", "Dragonslayer __knowledge__ Dragonslayer is a 1981 American fantasy film directed by Matthew Robbins, from a screenplay he co-wrote with Hal Barwood.", "Dragonslayer __knowledge__ It stars Peter MacNicol, Ralph Richardson, John Hallam and Caitlin Clarke.", "Dragonslayer __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures handled North American distribution, while Buena Vista International (the revived adult-oriented distribution arm of Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures) handled international distribution.", "Dragonslayer __knowledge__ The story, set in a fictional medieval kingdom, follows a young wizard who experiences danger and opposition as he attempts to defeat a dragon.", "Dragonslayer __knowledge__ A co-production between Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Productions, \"Dragonslayer\" was more mature than most other Disney films of the period.", "Fire regime __knowledge__ A fire regime is the pattern, frequency, and intensity of the bushfires and wildfires that prevail in an area over long periods of time.", "Fire regime __knowledge__ It is an integral part of fire ecology, and renewal for certain types of ecosystems.", "Fire regime __knowledge__ A fire regime describes the spatial and temporal patterns and ecosystem impacts of fire on the landscape, and provides an integrative approach to identifying the impacts of fire at an ecosystem or landscape level.", "Fire regime __knowledge__ If fires are too frequent, plants may be killed before they have matured, or before they have set sufficient seed to ensure population recovery.", "Fire regime __knowledge__ If fires are too infrequent, plants may mature, senesce, and die without ever releasing their seed.", "Kiss (band) __knowledge__ Kiss (often stylized as KISS) is an American rock band formed in New York City in January 1973 by Paul Stanley, Gene Simmons, Peter Criss, and Ace Frehley.", "Kiss (band) __knowledge__ Well known for its members' face paint and stage outfits, the group rose to prominence in the mid-to-late 1970s with their elaborate live performances, which featured fire breathing, blood-spitting, smoking guitars, shooting rockets, levitating drum kits, and pyrotechnics.", "Kiss (band) __knowledge__ The band has gone through several lineup changes, with Stanley and Simmons the only remaining original members.", "Kiss (band) __knowledge__ The original and best-known lineup consisted of Stanley (vocals and rhythm guitar), Simmons (vocals and bass), Frehley (lead guitar and vocals), and Criss (drums and vocals).", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest ( ) is the first federally protected National Forest in the United States and covers nearly in the state of Wyoming.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Originally a part of the Yellowstone Timberland Reserve, the forest is managed by the United States Forest Service and was created by an act of Congress and signed into law by U.S. President Benjamin Harrison in 1891.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest is one of the first nationally protected land areas anywhere.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the region for at least 10,000 years, and when the region was first explored by European adventurers, forestlands were occupied by several different tribes.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Juggling torches are one of various props used by jugglers.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Torches are usually commercially made props that are made of wood and/or metal with a wick attached at one end.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The wick is impregnated with a flammable substance (usually paraffin) and ignited before use.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The two most common wicks used with juggling torches are: Both materials come in reels of material ranging from 13mm to 180 mm wide and up to 100 m long.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ Around 40–80 cm of wick is wrapped onto each torch.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ In general, it is best to use hard limiting devices, such as nuts and bolts, to hold the wick onto the shaft of the torch.", "Torch (juggling) __knowledge__ The torch is usually constructed around a wooden dowel which runs the length of the torch from the knob (base) to the top.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The Sawyers (renamed the Hewitts in the reboot and its prequel) are a large, Southern American family of cannibalistic butchers and serial killers in \"The Texas Chainsaw Massacre\" franchise, who live in the Texas backwoods, where they abduct, torture, murder, and eat stranded motorists.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The family uses booby traps and man-traps, such as bear traps and spike traps, to capture or kill victims.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ The family also owns a gas station, where they sell the meat from the victims as barbecue and chili.", "List of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre characters __knowledge__ It has been confirmed in the crossover comic book series, \"Jason vs. Leatherface\", that the Sawyer family did engage in inbreeding, something that was heavily implied in .", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ Knife juggling is a variant of toss juggling using special knives as props which are thrown and caught.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ Although knives are sometimes juggled recreationally, it is generally a performance art.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ Knife juggling is typically seen performed by street entertainers as part of a routine or at art or historical festivals.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ The knives are thrown with vertical spin, lending them stability in the air, and are typically allowed to rotate once or twice before being caught.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ Knife juggling can be performed with any number of objects, but the vast majority of performers use three knives.", "Knife juggling __knowledge__ Patterns used are usually basic and consist solely of a cascade, and sometimes involve simple juggling tricks such as an under the leg throw." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 6, 7 ]

[ "I really love it because it is a physical skill. It gets me outside more for recreation. I also find it very artful and entertaining.", "When I juggle I usually use the most common props; rings, balls, and clubs. I need to branch out some.", "Iive seen some crazy juggling. My friend uses knives, fire torches, and also a chainsaw in his act. He is very daring.", "He does not. Some other jugglers use devil sticks, hooping, yo-yos, and even cigar boxes. You can pretty much juggle any object within reason." ]

[ "Juggling", "Juggling", "Juggling", "Juggling" ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Do you skateboard, I tried when I was a kid but I guess I didn't try enough. It is a pretty difficult sport.", "That is so exciting to watch, my favorite olympic sport to watch though is kiing or snowboarding.", "I love the winter olympics the best. The summer is great though too, I like Beach Volleyball." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ A freestyle skateboarding trick is a trick done on a skateboard while freestyle skateboarding.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Some of these tricks are done in a stationary position, unlike many other skateboarding tricks.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ The keys to a good freestyle contest run are variety, difficulty, fluidity, and creativity.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ It should also be noted that this is a partial list, and a full list would never be possible, because new tricks and new combinations are always being created.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Notes: 1970s skate competitions such as the ones shown in Lords of Dogtown would often have an event to see who could do the most consecutive 360 spins on a skateboard.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ A skateboard style refers to the way a skateboarder prefers to ride a skateboard.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ Skateboard styles can be broadly divided into two different categories: skateboarding to perform tricks and skateboarding as a means of transportation.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ Styles of skateboarding have evolved over time and are influenced by a number of factors including sociocultural evolution, mass media, music, technology, corporate influence and individual skill level.", "Skateboarding styles __knowledge__ The styles used by different skateboarders when riding skateboards should not be confused with skater style, the manner in which skateboarders dress or act in relation to skateboarding culture.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ The ultimate goal for U.S. Snowboarding is clear: American riders on the Olympic podium.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding is the most successful international snowboarding program over the last 10 years and the most successful USSA Olympic program.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the historic sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Avery Brundage (; September 28, 1887 – May 8, 1975) was the fifth president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), serving from 1952 to 1972.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ The only American to attain that position, Brundage is remembered as a zealous advocate of amateurism and for his involvement with the 1936 and 1972 Summer Olympics, both held in Germany.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Brundage was born in Detroit in 1887 to a working-class family.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ When he was five years old, his father moved his family to Chicago and subsequently abandoned his wife and children.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Raised mostly by relatives, he attended the University of Illinois to study engineering and became a track star.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ The many sports played and followed in Ireland include Gaelic games (mainly Gaelic football, hurling and camogie), horse racing, show jumping, greyhound racing, basketball, fishing, handball, motor sport, MMA, boxing, target shooting and tennis.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Hockey, golf, rowing, cricket, rugby union and Olympic target shooting are organised in an all-island basis, with a single team representing the whole of Ireland in international competitions.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Other sports, such as soccer and netball, have separate organizing bodies in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ As Northern Ireland is a constitute nation of the United Kingdom it also sends a Northern Ireland Team to the Commonwealth Games.", "Rugby union at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Rugby union has been a men's medal sport at the modern Summer Olympic Games, being played at four of the first seven competitions.", "Rugby union at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The sport debuted at the 1900 Paris games where the gold medal was won by the host nation.", "Rugby union at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ It was subsequently featured at the London games in 1908, the Antwerp games in 1920 and the Paris games in 1924.", "Rugby union at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The United States is the most successful nation in Olympic rugby tournaments, having won the gold medal in both 1920 and 1924; France has the most medals, one gold (in 1900) and two silvers (in 1920 and 1924).", "Rugby union at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Shortly after the 1924 games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) dropped rugby union as an Olympic sport.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Sport in Greece __knowledge__ Greece has risen to prominence in a number of sporting areas in recent decades.", "Sport in Greece __knowledge__ Football in particular has seen a rapid transformation, with the Greek national football team winning the 2004 UEFA European Football Championship.", "Sport in Greece __knowledge__ Many Greek athletes have also achieved significant success and have won world and olympic titles in numerous sports during the years, such as basketball, wrestling, water polo, athletics, weightlifting, with many of them becoming international stars inside their sports.", "Sport in Greece __knowledge__ The successful organisation of the Athens 2004 Olympic and Paralympic Games led also to the further development of many sports and has led to the creation of many world class sport venues all over Greece and especially in Athens." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ A variation of the game rivaling the original sport of volleyball in popularity, beach volleyball evolved from the recreational games of volleyball played on many beaches around the world.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ It became an official Olympic sport in 1996.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ This version, rather than being played on indoor hard courts, is played on sand courts which may either be formed naturally or built specifically for the purpose.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ Instead of a team of six, each team consists of only two players, but otherwise the rules are almost identical with some exceptions including: This is a newer variation of beach volleyball.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ As beach volleyball took volleyball outdoors, indoor sand volleyball takes beach volleyball indoors.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ Beach volleyball is a team sport played by two teams of two players on a sand court divided by a net.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ It has been an Olympic discipline since the 1996 Games.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ As in indoor volleyball, the object of the game is to send the ball over the net and to ground it on the opponent's court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ A team is allowed up to three touches to return the ball across the net.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ The ball is put in play with a serve—a hit by the server from behind the rear court boundary over the net to the opponents.", "Beach volleyball __knowledge__ The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes \"out\", or is not returned properly.", "Bikini __knowledge__ A bikini is usually a women's abbreviated two-piece swimsuit with a bra top for the chest and underwear cut below the navel.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The basic design is simple: two triangles of fabric on top cover the woman's breasts and two triangles of fabric on the bottom cover the groin in front and the buttocks in back.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The size of a bikini bottom can range from full pelvic coverage to a revealing thong or G-string design.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The name for the \"bikini\" design was coined in 1946 by Parisian engineer Louis Réard, the designer of the bikini.", "Bikini __knowledge__ He named the swimsuit after Bikini Atoll, where testing on the nuclear bomb was taking place.", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ Misty Elizabeth May-Treanor (born July 30, 1977) is a retired American professional beach volleyball player.", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ She is a three-time Olympic gold medalist, and , the most successful female beach volleyball player with 112 individual championship wins in domestic and international competition.", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ Misty May-Treanor and teammate Kerri Walsh Jennings were gold medalists in beach volleyball at the 2004, 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics.", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ They also won the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Championships in 2003, 2005 and 2007.", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ They have been called \"the greatest beach volleyball team of all time.\"", "Misty May-Treanor __knowledge__ May-Treanor retired from competitive play on August 8, 2012 after she and Walsh Jennings finished first in the 2012 Summer Olympic games.", "Chris Marlowe __knowledge__ Christian \"Chris\" Marlowe (born September 28, 1951) is an American professional sportscaster who resides in Denver, Colorado.", "Chris Marlowe __knowledge__ He currently is the play-by-play announcer for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association in the fall, winter and spring, and in the summer he is a play-by-play announcer for the Association of Volleyball Professionals.", "Chris Marlowe __knowledge__ He is a former collegiate basketball and volleyball player and played on the US National Men’s Volleyball Team.", "Chris Marlowe __knowledge__ He played beach volleyball extensively and won numerous tournaments on the Open beach circuit.", "Chris Marlowe __knowledge__ He also was a captain of the US Men's volleyball team that won the Gold Medal at the 1984 Olympic Games.", "Karch Kiraly __knowledge__ Charles Frederick \"Karch\" Kiraly () (born November 3, 1960) is an American volleyball player, coach and broadcast announcer.", "Karch Kiraly __knowledge__ In the 1980s he was a central part of the U.S National Team that won gold medals at the 1984 and 1988 Olympic Games.", "Karch Kiraly __knowledge__ He went on to win the gold medal again at the 1996 Olympic Games, the first Olympic competition to feature beach volleyball.", "Karch Kiraly __knowledge__ He is the only player (man or woman) to have won Olympic gold medals in both the indoor and beach volleyball categories.", "Karch Kiraly __knowledge__ He played college volleyball for the UCLA Bruins, where his teams won three national championships under head coach Al Scates.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ The Beach Volleyball Major Series (or Beach Major Series and formerly the Swatch Beach Volleyball Major Series) is an international series of beach volleyball tournaments which began in 2015.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ The tournaments consist of Tour Stops and form part of the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ The series concludes with the FIVB World Tour Finals.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ The Beach Volleyball Major Series arose out of a joint-venture between Austrian companies Red Bull and the ACTS Group.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ Red Bull was established in 1987 by Dietrich Mateschitz.", "Beach Volleyball Major Series __knowledge__ Aside from the energy drink, Red Bull’s direct marketing focuses heavily on sports and lifestyle.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Winter Games (official name) () is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practiced on snow and ice.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France.", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating).", "Winter Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "2010 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The 2010 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXI Olympic Winter Games (French: Les \"XXIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver\") and commonly known as Vancouver 2010, informally the 21st Winter Olympics, were a major international multi-sport event held from February 12 to 28, 2010, in Vancouver, Canada, with some events held in the surrounding suburbs of Richmond, West Vancouver and the University Endowment Lands, and in the nearby resort town of Whistler.", "2010 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Approximately 2,600 athletes from 82 nations participated in 86 events in fifteen disciplines.", "2010 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Both the Olympic and Paralympic Games were organized by the Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC), headed by John Furlong.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ However, the advent of the state-sponsored \"full-time amateur athlete\" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Summer Olympic Games () or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics.", "Summer Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympics have increased in scope from a 42-event competition with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations in 1896 to 302 events with 10,768 competitors (5,992 men, 4,776 women) from 204 nations in 2012." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 16, 55 ]

[ "Skateboarding is a more complex sport, it involves doing tricks and riding.", "I did not, but I wish I did because it was made an olympic sport in 2016!", "Is it? It's so hard for me. There are Summer and Winter Olympic games but I can't choose a favorite.", "I like winter too. The original winter sports were actually ice hockey, Nordick skiing, curling, skating, and bobsleighing!" ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding" ]

[ "Bakery\ni just lost going to the bakery", "I just love lemon pies! do you have a favorite?", "O wow I had no idea! that is not too long ago right/?", "What was a common thing they baked?", "I wonder if it tasted any differnt back then" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Eden Ben Zaken __knowledge__ Eden Ben Zaken (Hebrew: עדן בן זקן; born 8 June 1994) is an Israeli singer, who gained recognition following her participation in the first season of the TV show \"X Factor Israel\", in which she placed second.", "Eden Ben Zaken __knowledge__ She has been successful since her first album, \"מלכת השושנים\" (Malkat Hashoshanim, meaning \"Queen of the Roses\"), was released.", "Eden Ben Zaken __knowledge__ The album received a gold certification after selling more than 15,000 copies.", "Eden Ben Zaken __knowledge__ Ben Zaken won the title \"Singer of the year\" in 2015, from several Israeli radio stations, the TV channel 24 and the popular Internet site Mako.", "Eden Ben Zaken __knowledge__ She won the title again in 2016 and 2017.", "Remy Zaken __knowledge__ Remy Zaken (born May 9, 1989 in Norwalk, Connecticut) is an American stage and television actress, best known as one of the youngest cast members in the Original Broadway production of \"Spring Awakening\" at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre, playing the role of Thea.", "Remy Zaken __knowledge__ Zaken received a BA in psychology from Columbia University, after having deferred for a year in order to perform in \"Spring Awakening\".", "Remy Zaken __knowledge__ Zaken performed in \"Spring Awakening\" until 19 July 2008.", "Remy Zaken __knowledge__ Zaken has acted professionally since she was ten years old.", "Remy Zaken __knowledge__ She starred in \"Freckle Face Strawberry\" as Strawberry from February 4, 2011 through the summer of 2011.", "Battle of Suez __knowledge__ The Battle of Suez was fought on October 24–25, 1973 between the Israel Defense Forces and the Egyptian Army in the Egyptian town of Suez.", "Battle of Suez __knowledge__ It was the last major battle of the Yom Kippur War, before a ceasefire took effect.", "Battle of Suez __knowledge__ On October 23, with the imminent arrival of UN observers to the front, Israel decided to capture Suez, assuming it would be poorly defended.", "Battle of Suez __knowledge__ An armored brigade and an infantry battalion from the Paratroopers Brigade were committed to the task, and entered the city without a battle plan.", "Battle of Suez __knowledge__ The armored column was ambushed and severely hit, while the paratroopers came under heavy fire and many of them became trapped inside a local building.", "Mordechai Zaken __knowledge__ Mordechai Zaken also Moti Zaken (; ), born 1958 in Jerusalem, is an expert on the Kurds and Middle Eastern minorities, both by academic training – he is historian of the Jews, the Kurds and the Assyrian Christians in Kurdistan, and by professional practice.", "Mordechai Zaken __knowledge__ He served as the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu advisor on Israeli Arabs and minorities during his first term (1997–1999), and has been serving as advisor in the Ministry of Public Security from 2001.", "Mordechai Zaken __knowledge__ He earned his BA (Political Science and Middle Eastern Studies), MA, Cum Laude, and PhD (2003), in Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.", "Ehud Olmert __knowledge__ Ehud Olmert (, ; born 30 September 1945) is an Israeli politician and lawyer.", "Ehud Olmert __knowledge__ He served as the 12th Prime Minister of Israel from 2006 to 2009 and before that as a cabinet minister from 1988 to 1992 and from 2003 to 2006.", "Ehud Olmert __knowledge__ Between his first and second stints as a cabinet member, he served as mayor of Jerusalem from 1993 to 2003.", "Ehud Olmert __knowledge__ At the end of his tenure as prime minister, Olmert was perceived as having turned, in regard to the Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations, from a hawkish to a dovish policy.", "Ehud Olmert __knowledge__ After serving as PM he was sentenced to serve a prison term over convictions for accepting bribes and for obstruction of justice during his terms as mayor of Jerusalem and as trade minister.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ Jacky Ben-Zaken () is an Israeli businessman from Ashdod.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ His main business focus is in yielding real estate.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ He is also known as owner of the Israeli Premier League football club F.C.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ Ashdod.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ Jacky Ben-Zaken was born in 1967 in Mazkeret Batya.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ He moved to Ashdod after his mother second marriage.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ The family was not wealthy and he worked in random coming works (like flowers sale) during his school years.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ After his military service in IDF he started to work in insurance agency belonging to Efraim Gur - one of the leaders of Georgian community in Israel.", "Jacky Ben-Zaken __knowledge__ When in 1988 Efraim Gur was elected to Knesset Jackie became his parliamentary adviser.", "Jizya __knowledge__ Jizya or jizyah ( ' ; ') is a per capita yearly tax historically levied by Islamic states on certain non-Muslim subjects—dhimmis—permanently residing in Muslim lands under Islamic law.", "Jizya __knowledge__ Muslim jurists required adult, free, sane males among the dhimma community to pay the jizya, while exempting women, children, elders, handicapped, the ill, the insane, monks, hermits, slaves, and musta'mins—non-Muslim foreigners who only temporarily reside in Muslim lands.", "Jizya __knowledge__ Dhimmis who chose to join military service were exempted from payment, as were those who could not afford to pay.", "Jizya __knowledge__ The Quran and hadiths mention jizya without specifying its rate or amount." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ Elizabeth Goodfellow (c.1767–1851), generally called Mrs. Goodfellow, started one of the first cooking schools in America.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ She taught classes for thirty years, and her recipes and techniques were passed on for generations in the cookbooks of one of her students, Eliza Leslie.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ Goodfellow also ran a renowned bakery and confectionery in Philadelphia during the first fifty years of the 19th century.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ Very little is known about Mrs. Goodfellow’s life.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ By 1801 she was married and conducting business on Dock Street, Philadelphia, as Elizabeth Pearson, pastry cook.", "Elizabeth Goodfellow __knowledge__ Her daughter, Sarah Anne Pearson Bouvier (1800-1826) had been born the year before.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ The ponderosa lemon (Citrus limon\" × \"medica) is a citrus hybrid of a lemon and a citron.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ It is not the same as the 'Yuma Ponderosa' lemon pomello hybrid, that is used as citrus rootstock.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ Ponderosa lemon trees are slow growing but reach a height of 12 to 24 feet at maturity.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ The leaves are long, evergreen, glossy, and citron-like, being ovate elliptic in shape and lemon scented.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ They have medium thick branches, that have many spines.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ New growth is purple tinged, as are the flowers.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ Ponderosa lemon also has larger than average citrus flowers, and bears fruit throughout the year.", "Ponderosa lemon __knowledge__ When grown as an ornamental, pruning is required to control the shape, and may be trained as a bush or tree.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (; ; born 2 February 1977) is a Colombian singer and songwriter.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Born and raised in Barranquilla, she began performing in school, demonstrating Latin American, Arabic, and rock and roll influences and belly dancing abilities.", "Shakira __knowledge__ Shakira's first studio albums, \"Magia\" and \"Peligro\", failed to attain commercial success in the 1990s; however, she rose to prominence in Latin America with her major-label debut, \"Pies Descalzos\" (1996), and her fourth album, \"Dónde Están los Ladrones?\"", "Shakira __knowledge__ (1998).", "Shakira __knowledge__ As of 2001, before releasing her best seller Laundry Service, she has sold over 10 million albums alone in Latin America.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Meat pie (Australia and New Zealand) __knowledge__ An Australian or New Zealand meat pie is a hand-sized meat pie containing diced or minced meat and gravy, sometimes with onion, mushrooms, or cheese and often consumed as a takeaway food snack.", "Meat pie (Australia and New Zealand) __knowledge__ The meat pie is considered iconic in Australia and New Zealand.", "Meat pie (Australia and New Zealand) __knowledge__ It was described by former New South Wales Premier Bob Carr in 2003 as Australia's \"national dish\".", "Meat pie (Australia and New Zealand) __knowledge__ New Zealanders regard the meat pie as a part of New Zealand cuisine, and it forms part of the New Zealand national identity.", "Meat pie (Australia and New Zealand) __knowledge__ The Victorian pie brand Four'n Twenty produces 50,000 pies per hour and Australians consume an average of 12 meat pies per year.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric time through to the present.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Four grain types dominated in the Nordic countries: barley and rye are the oldest; wheat and oats are more recent.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ During the Iron Age (500 AD – 1050 AD), rye became the most commonly used grain, followed by barley and oats.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Rye was also the most commonly used grain for bread up until the beginning of the 20th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Today, older grain types such as emmer and spelt are once again being cultivated and new bread types are being developed from these grains.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Archaeological finds in Denmark indicate use of the two triticum (wheat) species, emmer and einkorn, during the Mesolithic Period (8900 BC – 3900 BC).", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ An apple pie is a pie or a tart, in which the principal filling ingredient is apple.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ It is, on occasion, served with whipped cream or ice cream on top, or alongside cheddar cheese.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ The pastry is generally used top-and-bottom, making it a double-crust pie; the upper crust may be a circular or a pastry lattice woven of crosswise strips.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ Depending on the baker's preference, the bottom of the double-crust may be baked first (before baking the whole pie) to prevent the bottom from getting soggy.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ Exceptions are deep-dish apple pie, with a top crust only, and open-face Tarte Tatin.", "Apple pie __knowledge__ The apple pie is one of the United State's signature comfort foods.", "Apple Pie ABC __knowledge__ Apple Pie ABC is one of the earliest and most enduring English alphabet rhymes for children.", "Apple Pie ABC __knowledge__ The Apple Pie ABC is a simple rhyme meant to teach children the order of the alphabet and relates the various ways children react to an apple pie.", "Apple Pie ABC __knowledge__ After the first line, \"A was an apple pie\", the rest of the letters refer to verbs.", "Apple Pie ABC __knowledge__ The earliest printed versions, dating from the 18th century, have the following form: \"A was an Apple pie; B bit it; C cut it; D dealt it; E eat it; F fought for it; G got it; H had it; J joined it; K kept it; L longed for it; M mourned for it; N nodded at it; O opened it; P peeped in it; Q quartered it; R ran for it; S stole it; T took it; V viewed it; W wanted it; X, Y, Z, and ampersand, All wished for a piece in hand\".", "Tactical manipulation of runoff voting __knowledge__ Like virtually all other electoral systems, in the two-round system, there is potential for both tactical voting and strategic nomination.", "Tactical manipulation of runoff voting __knowledge__ Tactical voting is where voters do not vote in accordance with their true preferences, but instead vote insincerely in an attempt to influence the result.", "Tactical manipulation of runoff voting __knowledge__ Runoff voting is intended as a method that reduces tactical voting, but two tactics called compromising and pushover are still possible in many circumstances.", "Tactical manipulation of runoff voting __knowledge__ In particular voters are strongly encouraged to compromise by voting for one of the three leading candidates in the first round of an election.", "Tactical manipulation of runoff voting __knowledge__ Strategic nomination is where candidates and political factions influence the result of an election by either nominating extra candidates or withdrawing a candidate who would otherwise have stood.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ The exhaustive ballot is a voting system used to elect a single winner.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ Under the exhaustive ballot the elector simply casts a single vote for his or her favorite candidate.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ However, if no candidate is supported by an overall majority of votes then the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated and a further round of voting occurs.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ This process is repeated for as many rounds as necessary until one candidate has a majority.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ The exhaustive ballot is similar to the two-round system but with key differences.", "Exhaustive ballot __knowledge__ Under the two round system if no candidate wins a majority on the first round, only the top two recipients of votes advance to the second (and final) round of voting, and a majority winner is determined in the second round.", "Pie __knowledge__ A pie is a baked dish which is usually made of a pastry dough casing that covers or completely contains a filling of various sweet or savoury ingredients.", "Pie __knowledge__ Pies are defined by their crusts.", "Pie __knowledge__ A \"filled\" pie (also \"single-crust\" or \"bottom-crust\"), has pastry lining the baking dish, and the filling is placed on top of the pastry but left open.", "Pie __knowledge__ A \"top-crust\" pie has the filling in the bottom of the dish and is covered with a pastry or other covering before baking.", "Pie __knowledge__ A \"two-crust\" pie has the filling completely enclosed in the pastry shell.", "Pie __knowledge__ Shortcrust pastry is a typical kind of pastry used for pie crusts, but many things can be used, including baking powder biscuits, mashed potatoes, and crumbs.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ Pateros is a city in Okanogan County, Washington, United States.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ The population was 643 at the 2000 census and increased 3.7% to 667 in the 2010 census.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ Pateros was originally established as Ive's Landing in around 1886 by Lee Ives.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ Ives began farming the area near the confluence of the Methow and Columbia Rivers, with around 50 teepees of Native Americans and 20 Chinese miners also inhabiting the area.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ The first post office was built in 1895.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ In 1900, Charles Nosler acquired most of the townsite.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ He renamed the town to Pateros, after a town in the Philippines he previously visited.", "Pateros, Washington __knowledge__ In 1903, the city consisted of four commercial establishments and nine residences and the town was sold to J.C. Steiner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric time through to the present.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Four grain types dominated in the Nordic countries: barley and rye are the oldest; wheat and oats are more recent.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ During the Iron Age (500 AD – 1050 AD), rye became the most commonly used grain, followed by barley and oats.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Rye was also the most commonly used grain for bread up until the beginning of the 20th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Today, older grain types such as emmer and spelt are once again being cultivated and new bread types are being developed from these grains.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Archaeological finds in Denmark indicate use of the two triticum (wheat) species, emmer and einkorn, during the Mesolithic Period (8900 BC – 3900 BC).", "Haipai cuisine __knowledge__ Haipai cuisine is a Western-style cooking, that is unique to Shanghai, China.", "Haipai cuisine __knowledge__ It absorbed the traditions of several cuisines from other regions of China and of Western cooking and adapted them to suit the local taste according to the features of local ingredients.", "Haipai cuisine __knowledge__ It is divided into several major types: French, Italian, Russian, British, and German, among which the Russian-type dishes, such as the Shanghai-style borscht (\"luó sòng tāng\"), receive a great welcome as they are more affordable.", "Haipai cuisine __knowledge__ Today, the most famous dishes of Haipai cuisine are \"luó sòng tāng\", fried pork chops (breaded cutlet), and Shanghai salad (a variety of Olivier salad).", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Baked beans is a dish containing beans, sometimes baked but, despite the name, usually stewed, in a sauce.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Most commercially canned baked beans are made from haricot beans, also known as navy beans (a variety of \"Phaseolus vulgaris\") in a sauce.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ In Ireland and the United Kingdom, a tomato sauce is most commonly used, and they are commonly eaten on toast or as part of a full English, Scottish, or Irish Breakfast.", "Baked beans __knowledge__ American Boston baked beans use a sauce prepared with molasses and salt pork, the popularity of which has led to the city's being nicknamed \"Beantown\".", "Baked beans __knowledge__ Beans in a tomato and brown sugar, sugar, or corn syrup sauce are widely available throughout the US.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ A baked potato, or jacket potato, is a potato that has been baked for eating.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ When well cooked, a baked potato has a fluffy interior and a crisp skin.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ It may be served with fillings and condiments such as butter, cheese or ham.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Potatoes can be baked in a conventional gas or electric oven, a convection oven, a microwave oven, on a barbecue grill, or on/in an open fire.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Some restaurants use special ovens designed specifically to cook large numbers of potatoes, then keep them warm and ready for service.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Prior to cooking, the potato should be scrubbed clean, washed and dried with eyes and surface blemishes removed, and basted with oil (usually Olive oil) or butter and/or salt.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ The Imperial Roman army are the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the Roman Empire from about 30 BC to 476 AD.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This period is sometimes split into the Principate (30 BC – 284 AD) and Dominate (285–476) periods.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ Under Augustus (ruled 30 BC – 14 AD), the army consisted of \"legions\", eventually \"auxilia\" and also \"numeri\".", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ As all-citizen formations, and symbolic protectors of the dominance of the Italian \"master-nation\", legions enjoyed greater social prestige than the auxilia for much of the Principate.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This was reflected in better pay and benefits.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ In addition, legionaries were equipped with more expensive and protective armour than auxiliaries, notably the \"lorica segmentata\", or laminated-strip armour.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican breads and other baked goods are the result of centuries of experimentation and the blending of influence from various European baking traditions.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Wheat, and bread baked from it, was introduced by the Spanish at the time of the Conquest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ The French influence in Mexican Bread is the strongest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ From the bolillo evolving from a French baguette to the concha branching out from a French brioche even the terminology comes from France.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ A baño maría, meaning a water bath for a custard type budín or bread pudding comes from the French word bain marie.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican bread While the consumption of wheat has never surpassed that of corn in the country, wheat is still a staple food and an important part of everyday and special rituals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Contemplative education __knowledge__ Contemplative education is a philosophy of higher education that integrates introspection and experiential learning into academic study in order to support academic and social engagement, develop self-understanding as well as analytical and critical capacities, and cultivate skills for engaging constructively with others.", "Contemplative education __knowledge__ The inclusion of contemplative and introspective practices in academia addresses an increasingly recognized imbalance in higher education: a lack of support for developing purpose and meaning, or for helping students \"learn who they are, search for larger purpose for their lives, and leave college as better human beings\".", "Naropa University __knowledge__ Naropa University is a private liberal arts college in Boulder, Colorado, United States.", "Naropa University __knowledge__ Founded in 1974 by Tibetan Buddhist teacher Chögyam Trungpa, it is named for the 11th-century Indian Buddhist sage Naropa, an abbot of Nalanda.", "Naropa University __knowledge__ Naropa describes itself as Buddhist-inspired, ecumenical, and nonsectarian rather than Buddhist.", "Naropa University __knowledge__ Naropa promotes non-traditional activities like meditation to supplement traditional learning approaches.", "Naropa University __knowledge__ Naropa was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools in 1988, making it the first Buddhist-inspired academic institution to receive United States regional accreditation.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "Institute for Biblical Research __knowledge__ The Institute for Biblical Research established in 1973 is \"an organization of evangelical Christian scholars with specialties in Old and New Testament and in ancillary disciplines\".", "Institute for Biblical Research __knowledge__ It describes its vision as \"to foster excellence in the pursuit of Biblical Studies within a faith environment.\"", "Institute for Biblical Research __knowledge__ It pursues these goals by means of publications, workshops and conferences.", "Institute for Biblical Research __knowledge__ The IBR was established under the leadership of E. Earle Ellis, the organisation's founding chair from 1973 to 1981.", "Institute for Biblical Research __knowledge__ The original intention was the establishment of a North American-based residential reference library similar to that of the Tyndale Fellowship for Biblical Research, Tyndale House Library, Cambridge, England.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican breads and other baked goods are the result of centuries of experimentation and the blending of influence from various European baking traditions.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Wheat, and bread baked from it, was introduced by the Spanish at the time of the Conquest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ The French influence in Mexican Bread is the strongest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ From the bolillo evolving from a French baguette to the concha branching out from a French brioche even the terminology comes from France.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ A baño maría, meaning a water bath for a custard type budín or bread pudding comes from the French word bain marie.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican bread While the consumption of wheat has never surpassed that of corn in the country, wheat is still a staple food and an important part of everyday and special rituals.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric time through to the present.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Four grain types dominated in the Nordic countries: barley and rye are the oldest; wheat and oats are more recent.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ During the Iron Age (500 AD – 1050 AD), rye became the most commonly used grain, followed by barley and oats.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Rye was also the most commonly used grain for bread up until the beginning of the 20th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Today, older grain types such as emmer and spelt are once again being cultivated and new bread types are being developed from these grains.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Archaeological finds in Denmark indicate use of the two triticum (wheat) species, emmer and einkorn, during the Mesolithic Period (8900 BC – 3900 BC).", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "Bread __knowledge__ Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour and water, usually by baking.", "Bread __knowledge__ Throughout recorded history it has been popular around the world and is one of the oldest artificial foods, having been of importance since the dawn of agriculture.", "Bread __knowledge__ Proportions of types of flour and other ingredients vary widely, as do modes of preparation.", "Bread __knowledge__ As a result, types, shapes, sizes, and textures of breads differ around the world.", "Bread __knowledge__ Bread may be leavened by processes such as reliance on naturally occurring sourdough microbes, chemicals, industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration.", "Bread __knowledge__ Some bread is cooked before it can leaven, including for traditional or religious reasons.", "Baking powder __knowledge__ Baking powder is a dry chemical leavening agent, a mixture of a carbonate or bicarbonate and a weak acid and is used for increasing the volume and lightening the texture of baked goods.", "Baking powder __knowledge__ Baking powder works by releasing carbon dioxide gas into a batter or dough through an acid-base reaction, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to expand and thus leavening the mixture.", "Baking powder __knowledge__ Baking powder is used instead of yeast for end-products where fermentation flavors would be undesirable or where the batter lacks the elastic structure to hold gas bubbles for more than a few minutes, or to speed the production.", "Baking powder __knowledge__ Because carbon dioxide is released at a faster rate through the acid-base reaction than through fermentation, breads made by chemical leavening are called quick breads.", "History of California bread __knowledge__ The history of California bread as a prominent factor in the field of bread baking dates from the days of the California Gold Rush around 1849, encompassing the development of sourdough bread in San Francisco.", "History of California bread __knowledge__ It includes the rise of artisan bakeries in the 1980s, which strongly influenced what has been called the \"Bread Revolution\".", "History of California bread __knowledge__ There have been independent retail bakeries in San Francisco continuously since the California Gold Rush of 1849, and many restaurants make their own bread.", "History of California bread __knowledge__ However, the wholesale market (which distributes bread regionally to restaurants and grocery stores) was marked by a slow decline from the early heyday, and the subsequent emergence of a new generation of artisan bakers." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 6, 11, 12 ]

[ "yea baker's shops or bake shops are good. i like flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies", "apple pie! .. the art of baking was developed during the Roman Empire!", "Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings", "they started baking breads and goods and then selling them on the streets", "Dont know but once the trend caught on, baked goods wer being sold in the streets in roe, germany and london." ]

[ "Bakery", "Bakery", "Bakery", "Bakery", "Bakery" ]

[ "Frank Sinatra", "i have heard of him. Is he very popular?", "That is alot. What are some of best selling albums or songs?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known residency performers as part of the Rat Pack.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of \"From Here to Eternity\", with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including \"In the Wee Small Hours\" (1955), \"Songs for Swingin' Lovers!\"", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ (1956), \"Come Fly with Me\" (1958), \"Only the Lonely\" (1958) and \"Nice 'n' Easy\" (1960)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known residency performers as part of the Rat Pack.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of \"From Here to Eternity\", with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including \"In the Wee Small Hours\" (1955), \"Songs for Swingin' Lovers!\"", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ (1956), \"Come Fly with Me\" (1958), \"Only the Lonely\" (1958) and \"Nice 'n' Easy\" (1960).", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Amber Laura Heard (born April 22, 1986) is an American actress.", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ She made her film debut in 2004 in the sports drama \"Friday Night Lights\".", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ After small roles in \"North Country\" and \"Alpha Dog\", Heard played her first leading role in \"All the Boys Love Mandy Lane\" (2006) and appeared in The CW television show \"Hidden Palms\" (2007).", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Heard's breakthrough came in 2008 with roles in \"Never Back Down\" and \"Pineapple Express\".", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ She received the Breakthrough Award at Young Hollywood Awards.", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Her appearance in films such as \"The Informers\", \"The Stepfather\", \"Zombieland\", and \"The Joneses\" brought her further attention.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (abbreviated as HIMI) is an Australian external territory comprising a volcanic group of barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The group's overall size is in area and it has of coastline.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ Discovered in the mid-19th century, the islands have been an Australian territory since 1947 and contain the country's only two active volcanoes.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The summit of one, Mawson Peak, is higher than any mountain on the Australian mainland.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The islands lie on the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian Ocean.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The islands are among the most remote places on Earth: They are located approximately southwest of Perth, southwest of Cape Leeuwin, Australia, southeast of South Africa, southeast of Madagascar, north of Antarctica, and southeast of the Kerguelen Islands.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ Henry FitzGerald Heard (6 October 1889 – 14 August 1971), commonly called Gerald Heard, was a British-born American historian, science writer, public lecturer, educator, and philosopher.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ He wrote many articles and over 35 books.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ Heard was a guide and mentor to numerous well-known Americans, including Henry Luce and Clare Boothe Luce, and Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, in the 1950s and 1960s.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ His work was a forerunner of, and influence on, the consciousness development movement that has spread in the Western world since the 1960s.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ The son of an Anglo-Irish clergyman, Heard was born in London.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ John Mark Heard (December 16, 1951 – August 16, 1992) was an American record producer, folk rock singer, and songwriter originally from Macon, Georgia, United States.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Heard released 16 albums, and produced and performed with many other artists as well, such as Sam Phillips (a.k.a.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Leslie Phillips), Pierce Pettis, Phil Keaggy, Vigilantes of Love, Peter Buck of R.E.M.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ (who co-produced VOL's album \"Killing Floor\" with Heard), John Austin, The Choir, Randy Stonehill and Michael Been of The Call.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Heard produced part of Olivia Newton-John's \"The Rumor\", which also included a cover of Heard's own \"Big and Strong\" (originally called \"How to Grow Up Big and Strong\").", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Lee Gordon (born Leon Lazar Gevorshner, March 8, 1923– November 7, 1963) was an American entrepreneur and rock and roll promoter who worked extensively in Australia in the late 1950s and early 1960s.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Gordon's jazz and rock'n'roll tours had a major impact on the Australian music scene and he also played a significant role in the early career of pioneering Australian rock'n'roll singer Johnny O'Keefe.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Many parts of Gordon's life story remain sketchy or obscure, and there is much contradictory information about him.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ The passing of time makes it increasingly difficult to verify or refute the various versions of his life and career, since many of his former close associates like his Australian colleagues Max Moore and Alan Heffernan are now deceased.", "Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy __knowledge__ Frank Sinatra's musical career began in the swing era in 1935, and ended in 1995.", "Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy __knowledge__ Sinatra's vocal style represented a strong departure from the \"crooning\" style of his idol, Bing Crosby.", "Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy __knowledge__ Sinatra's generation represented the first generation of children that had grown up in the era of the microphone, and the amplification of sound enabled singers to sing in a much softer, personal and nuanced style.", "Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy __knowledge__ However Sinatra, as he himself once noted, \"sang more\", by which he meant that he introduced a bel canto sound to the tradition begun by Crosby.", "Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy __knowledge__ And, more importantly, he might be said to have brought the Crosby tradition to artistic completion, taking it to levels of intensity and depth of feeling that, because of the displacement of the Crosby – Sinatra tradition by rock and roll and subsequent genres, are unlikely to be achieved again.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Frank Sinatra had many close relationships throughout his life.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He was married four times and had at least six other notable relationships in between.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He had three verified children, as well as more than one of questionable relationship.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Frank Sinatra met Nancy Barbato (b.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ March 25, 1917) when he was nineteen, and they were married on February 4, 1939, in Jersey City, New Jersey, Barbato's home town.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Their wedding was held at Our Lady of Sorrows Church at 93 Clerk Street, after which the newlyweds resided in an apartment house at 137 Bergen Avenue.", "Personal life of Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Their first child, their elder daughter Nancy Sinatra, was born on June 8, 1940, and their son, Francis Wayne Sinatra, known as Frank Sinatra, Jr., was born on January 10, 1944.", "Nancy Sinatra __knowledge__ Nancy Sandra Sinatra (born June 8, 1940) is an American singer and actress.", "Nancy Sinatra __knowledge__ She is the elder daughter of Frank Sinatra and Nancy (Barbato) Sinatra, and is widely known for her 1966 signature hit \"These Boots Are Made for Walkin'\".", "Nancy Sinatra __knowledge__ Other defining recordings include \"Sugar Town\", the 1967 number one \"Somethin' Stupid\" (a duet with her father), the title song from the James Bond film \"You Only Live Twice\", several collaborations with Lee Hazlewood such as \"Jackson\", and her cover of Cher's \"Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)\".", "Nancy Sinatra __knowledge__ Nancy Sinatra began her career as a singer and actress in November 1957 with an appearance on her father's ABC-TV variety series, but initially achieved success only in Europe and Japan.", "1940s in music __knowledge__ \"For music from a year in the 1940s, go to 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1940s.", "1940s in music __knowledge__ In the First World, Swing, Big band, Jazz, Latin and Country music dominated and defined the decade's music.", "1940s in music __knowledge__ After World War II, the big band sounds of the earlier part of the decade has been gradually replaced by crooners and vocal pop.", "1940s in music __knowledge__ Ragtime can be described as the first truly American music genre and it remained popular for over 20 years.", "1940s in music __knowledge__ After its best-known exponent, Scott Joplin, died in 1917, the genre faded." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known residency performers as part of the Rat Pack.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of \"From Here to Eternity\", with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including \"In the Wee Small Hours\" (1955), \"Songs for Swingin' Lovers!\"", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ (1956), \"Come Fly with Me\" (1958), \"Only the Lonely\" (1958) and \"Nice 'n' Easy\" (1960).", "My Christmas __knowledge__ My Christmas is the thirteenth studio album and first Christmas album released by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli.", "My Christmas __knowledge__ The album is a compilation of seasonal holiday favorites, mainly in English, with a few selections in Italian, German, and French, produced by multiple Grammy Award winner David Foster, containing duets with Mary J. Blige, Natalie Cole, Reba McEntire, Katherine Jenkins, The Mormon Tabernacle Choir, and The Muppets.", "My Christmas __knowledge__ It also includes \"God Bless Us Everyone\", the only original song of the album, which Bocelli recorded for the closing of the 2009 film, \"A Christmas Carol\".", "My Christmas __knowledge__ A Spanish version of the album, called Mi Navidad, was released November 23, 2009, and a PBS Christmas special of the album, filmed in the Kodak Theatre, was released on DVD December 8, 2010, after airing on PBS stations nationwide.", "Falling into You __knowledge__ Falling into You is the fourth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 8 March 1996, by Columbia/Epic Records.", "Falling into You __knowledge__ The follow-up to her commercially successful album \"The Colour of My Love\" (1993) and French-language \"D'eux\" (1995), \"Falling into You\" showed a further progression of Dion's music.", "Falling into You __knowledge__ Throughout the project, she collaborated with Jim Steinman, who wrote and produced \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\", among others.", "Falling into You __knowledge__ Several songs were produced by David Foster, including Diane Warren's \"Because You Loved Me\".", "Falling into You __knowledge__ Generally, Dion worked with fourteen producers on \"Falling into You\" and a variety of songwriters and musicians.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Popular music in the 1990s saw the continuation of teen pop and dance-pop trends which had emerged in the 1970s and 1980s.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Furthermore, hip hop grew and continued to be highly successful in the decade, with the continuation of the genre's golden age.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Aside from rap, reggae, contemporary R&B and urban music in general remained extremely popular throughout the decade; urban music in the late-1980s and 1990s often blended with styles such as soul, funk and jazz, resulting in fusion genres such as new jack swing, neo-soul, hip hop soul and g-funk which were popular.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Similarly to the 1980s, rock music was also very popular in the 1990s, yet, unlike the new wave and glam metal-dominated scene of the time, grunge, Britpop, industrial rock and other alternative rock music emerged and took over as the most popular of the decade, as well as punk rock, ska punk and nu metal, amongst others, which attained a high level of success at different points throughout the years.", "Let's Talk About Love __knowledge__ Let's Talk About Love is the fifth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 14 November 1997, by Columbia/Epic Records.", "Let's Talk About Love __knowledge__ The follow-up to her commercially successful album \"Falling into You\" (1996), \"Let's Talk About Love\" showed a further progression of Dion's music.", "Let's Talk About Love __knowledge__ Throughout the project, she collaborated with Barbra Streisand, the Bee Gees, Luciano Pavarotti, Carole King, George Martin, Diana King, Brownstone, Corey Hart and her previous producers: David Foster, Ric Wake, Walter Afanasieff, Humberto Gatica and Jim Steinman.", "Let's Talk About Love __knowledge__ \"Let's Talk About Love\" includes Dion's biggest hit, \"My Heart Will Go On\".", "Heart Station __knowledge__ Heart Station is the eighth studio and fifth Japanese-language album by Japanese–American recording artist Utada Hikaru.", "Heart Station __knowledge__ It was released on March 19, 2008 by EMI Music in Japan, and globally on March 26, 2008.", "Heart Station __knowledge__ It is Utada's eighth consecutive studio album to be fully written and produced by her, with the help of her father Teruzane Utada and long-time collaborator Miyake Akira through the production.", "Heart Station __knowledge__ Recorded between 2006 and 2008, it was worked on whilst she was recording her ninth studio and second English-language studio album, \"This Is the One\" (2009).", "Heart Station __knowledge__ With the album artwork photographed by Japanese photographer Mitsuo, \"Heart Station\" was released in two formats: a physical CD, and a digital download.", "The Colour of My Love __knowledge__ The Colour of My Love is the third English-language studio album by Canadian recording artist Celine Dion.", "The Colour of My Love __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records/550 Music on 9 November 1993.", "The Colour of My Love __knowledge__ The songs were produced mainly by David Foster, Ric Wake, Guy Roche, Walter Afanasieff and Christopher Neil, and four of them were written by Diane Warren.", "The Colour of My Love __knowledge__ The album features cover versions of \"The Power of Love\" and \"When I Fall in Love\".", "The Colour of My Love __knowledge__ After its release, \"The Colour of My Love\" received generally mixed reviews from music critics but became a commercial success, topping the charts in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom and few other European countries, and reaching top ten elsewhere, including number four in the United States.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ This article describes trends in popular music in the 2010s.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ See also: 2010s in the music industry.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ The melismatic vocals mainstream during the 1990s and 2000s in pop and contemporary R&B lost favor by mid-late 2009, as vocally lower key artists, including Katy Perry, Taylor Swift and Rihanna, started to outsell new releases by perennial melismatic favorites, Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ By the mid-2010s, the style of vocals popular in indie pop have become immensely widespread among pop instrumentalists as they are commonly used by younger artists, like Lorde and Birdy.", "2010s in music __knowledge__ Traditional instruments, such as the mandolin, dulcimer, ukulele, banjo, and accordion, have been utilized more often, especially in indie rock musicians and singer songwriters, including Mumford and Sons, Vance Joy, Phillip Phillips, and The Lumineers, along with country players, such as Kacey Musgraves, Granger Smith and Zac Brown Band.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher (; born Cherilyn Sarkisian; May 20, 1946) is an American singer and actress.", "Cher __knowledge__ Sometimes called the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry.", "Cher __knowledge__ She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song \"I Got You Babe\" reached number one on the American and British charts.", "Cher __knowledge__ By the end of 1967, they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become, according to \"Time\" magazine, rock's \"it\" couple.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ was an American rock band from Athens, Georgia, that was formed in 1980 by drummer Bill Berry, guitarist Peter Buck, bassist/backing vocalist Mike Mills, and lead vocalist Michael Stipe.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ One of the first alternative rock bands, R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ was noted for Buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, Stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, Mills' melodic basslines and backing vocals and Berry's tight but economical style of drumming.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ released its first single—\"Radio Free Europe\"—in 1981 on the independent record label Hib-Tone.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ The single was followed by the \"Chronic Town\" EP in 1982, the band's first release on I.R.S.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Biddu __knowledge__ Biddu Appaiah (born 1944), is an Indian-born, England-based singer-songwriter, composer and music producer who produced and composed many hit records worldwide during a career spanning five decades.", "Biddu __knowledge__ Considered one of the pioneers of disco, Euro disco, and Indian pop, he has sold millions of records worldwide, and has received Grammy and Ivor Novello awards for his work.", "Biddu __knowledge__ He has been ranked at number 34 on NME's \"The 50 Greatest Producers Ever\" list.", "Biddu __knowledge__ Biddu was born in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.", "Biddu __knowledge__ He began his music career in the 1960s, singing as part of a music band in India before moving to England where he would start his career as a producer." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 5 ]

[ "i love to listen to frank sinatra. He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time,", "Of course yes. He sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Have you ever heard of \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", It was released as a debut album in 1946" ]

[ "Frank Sinatra", "Frank Sinatra", "Frank Sinatra" ]

[ "List of chicken dishes\nI love to eat chicken... especially fried chicken.", "It is! Do you ever eat chicken livers? Those are great, if seasoned the right way.", "Interesting... I don't know the meaning of offal, I guess. Could you give me a brief definition?", "Ah, that's what I guessed, but I wasn't sure. What's your favorite part of a chicken? Mine's the thigh. ", "It's definitely the most healthy part. I like it, too. It's awesome grilled, then served in chunks over a salad." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Korean fried chicken __knowledge__ Korean fried chicken or KFC, usually called chikin (, from the English \"chicken\") in Korea, refers to a variety of fried chicken dishes from South Korea, including the basic huraideu chikin (, from the English \"fried chicken\") and spicy yangnyeom chikin (, \"seasoned chicken\").", "Korean fried chicken __knowledge__ In South Korea, fried chicken is consumed as a meal, an appetizer, anju (food that is served and eaten with drinks), or as an after-meal snack.", "Korean fried chicken __knowledge__ Korean fried chicken differs from typical American fried chicken because it is fried twice; the skin is therefore crunchier and less greasy.", "Korean fried chicken __knowledge__ Furthermore, Korean-style chicken is not characterized by the crags and crusty nubs associated with American fried chicken; it was described by Julia Moskin of \"The New York Times\" as a \"thin, crackly and almost transparent crust\".", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Sanders identified the potential of restaurant franchising, and the first \"Kentucky Fried Chicken\" franchise opened in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1952.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC popularized chicken in the fast-food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Branding himself \"Colonel Sanders\", the founder became a prominent figure of American cultural history, and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "L'Entrecôte __knowledge__ Around the world, many restaurants featuring steak dishes use the word \"entrecôte\" as their name or part of their name.", "L'Entrecôte __knowledge__ In particular, the name L'Entrecôte has come to identify three groups of restaurants owned by two sisters and one brother of the Gineste de Saurs family, which specialise in the \"contre-filet\" cut of sirloin and serve it in the typical French bistro style of \"steak-frites\", or steak-and-chips: In 1959 \"Paul Gineste de Saurs purchased an Italian restaurant called Le Relais de Venise (the Venice Inn) in the 17th \"arrondissement\" of Paris, near Porte Maillot.", "L'Entrecôte __knowledge__ A descendant of the Gineste de Saurs family in southern France, he was seeking to establish an assured market for the wines produced by the family's Château de Saurs\"' winery in Lisle-sur-Tarn, 50 kilometres northeast of Toulouse.", "Chinese grammar __knowledge__ The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese.", "Chinese grammar __knowledge__ The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form.", "Chinese grammar __knowledge__ Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.", "Chinese grammar __knowledge__ The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO).", "Chinese grammar __knowledge__ Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ In developed countries, chickens are typically subject to intensive farming methods.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ The modern chicken is a descendant of red junglefowl hybrids along with the grey junglefowl first raised thousands of years ago in the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "Chicken as food __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "TV Offal __knowledge__ TV Offal was a British television comedy sketch/archive series that ran on Channel 4, from October 1997 to June 1998.", "TV Offal __knowledge__ It was written and narrated by comedian and writer Victor Lewis-Smith, who shared writing duties with Paul Sparks.", "TV Offal __knowledge__ It ran for only seven episodes (including the pilot), and is probably best known for first airing the uncensored Rainbow sketch on national television, as well as the \"Gay Daleks\" sketches.", "TV Offal __knowledge__ The series covered generally obscure, rare or offensive excerpts of television footage from numerous media archives, usually accompanied by Lewis-Smith's biting commentary and cynical approach to what was being shown.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Wordplay (game show) __knowledge__ Wordplay is an American game show which ran on NBC from December 29, 1986 to September 4, 1987.", "Wordplay (game show) __knowledge__ It was hosted by Tom Kennedy, with Jamie Farr substituting for Kennedy for one week of shows, and announced by Charlie O'Donnell.", "Wordplay (game show) __knowledge__ The show was produced by Scotti Vinnedge Television in association with Fiedler/Berlin Productions and Rick Ambrose Television.", "Wordplay (game show) __knowledge__ When it premiered on December 29, 1986 \"Wordplay\" was slotted in the 12:30 pm/11:30 am timeslot following \"Super Password\".", "Wordplay (game show) __knowledge__ That slot had been occupied by the soap opera \"Search for Tomorrow\" for over four and a half years on NBC; the serial had aired continuously, first on CBS, since 1951 and was the longest running daytime program in history at the time of its cancellation.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (, 182113 December1901) was the founder and administrator of modern Taiping in Perak, Malaysia.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Appointed \"Capitan China\" by the British in 1877, he was a millionaire philanthropist and known as an innovator in the mining of tin.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was involved in many other industries including farming, pawnbroking and logging.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was respected by both Chinese and European communities in the early colonial settlement.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ His survival in the chaotic era owes much to his standing as leader of the Hai San, a Chinese secret society in British Malaya during the time of the Larut Wars (1862–73).", "U.S. helicopter armament subsystems __knowledge__ The United States military has developed a number of Helicopter Armament Subsystems since the early 1960s.", "U.S. helicopter armament subsystems __knowledge__ These systems are used for offensive and defensive purposes and make use of a wide variety of weapon types including, but not limited to machine guns, grenade launchers, autocannon, and rockets.", "U.S. helicopter armament subsystems __knowledge__ Various systems are still in use, though many have become obsolete.", "U.S. helicopter armament subsystems __knowledge__ The helicopter has added much to the exploitation of the modern battlefield, changing traditional war-fighting scenarios to the extent that entirely new strategies and tactics have been developed both to utilise and deny the capabilities of these aircraft.", "Coxinha __knowledge__ Coxinha (, \"little [chicken] thigh\") is a popular food in Brazil consisting of chopped or shredded chicken meat, covered in dough, molded into a shape resembling a chicken leg, battered and fried.", "Coxinha __knowledge__ \"Coxinhas\" were originally made with a chicken thigh, which its traditional shape is meant to resemble.", "Coxinha __knowledge__ In its modern processed form it may have originated in Limeira in the 19th century.", "Coxinha __knowledge__ In the book \"Stories & Recipes\", Nadir Cavazin says that the son of Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil (1846-1921) and Prince Gaston, Count of Eu, a child who lived in seclusion for having mental problems had a favorite dish, chicken, but only ate the thigh.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup is a soup made from chicken, simmered in water, usually with various other ingredients.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ The classic chicken soup consists of a clear chicken broth, often with pieces of chicken or vegetables; common additions are pasta, dumplings, or grains such as rice and barley.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup has acquired the reputation of a folk remedy for colds and influenza, and in many countries is considered a comfort food.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Variations on the flavor are gained by adding root vegetables such as parsnip, potato, sweet potato and celery root, herbs such as parsley, dill, other vegetables such as zucchini, whole garlic cloves or tomatoes and black pepper.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ In biology, an organ or viscus is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ In anatomy, a viscus is an internal organ, and viscera is the plural form.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ Organs are composed of main tissue, parenchyma, and \"sporadic\" tissues, stroma.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ The main tissue is that which is unique for the specific organ, such as the myocardium, the main tissue of the heart, while sporadic tissues include the nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissues.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ The main tissues that make up an organ tend to have common embryologic origins, such as arising from the same germ layer.", "Organ (anatomy) __knowledge__ Functionally related organs often cooperate to form whole organ systems.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ Raw foodism (or following a raw food diet) is the dietary practice of eating only, or mostly, uncooked, unprocessed foods.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ Depending on the philosophy, or type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selection of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish, meat, and dairy products.", "Raw foodism __knowledge__ It may also include simply processed foods such as various types of sprouted seeds, cheese, and fermented foods such as yogurts, kefir, kombucha or sauerkraut, but generally not foods that have been pasteurized, homogenized, or produced with the use of synthetic pesticides, chemical fertilizers, industrial solvents or chemical food additives.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Raw animal food diets __knowledge__ Foods included in raw animal food diets include any food that can be eaten raw, so including raw, unprocessed meats/organ-meats/raw eggs, raw dairy, and aged, raw animal foods such as century eggs, fermenting meat/fish/shellfish/dairy(such as kefir), as well as, to a lesser extent, nuts/sprouts/plants/fruits, but generally not raw grains, raw beans, raw soy etc., because of digestibility and toxicity issues and also because paleolists tend to reject neolithic or domesticated foods.", "Raw animal food diets __knowledge__ Raw foods on such diets have not been heated at temperatures above .", "Raw animal food diets __knowledge__ “Raw Animal Foodists” believe that foods cooked above this temperature have lost much of their nutritional value and are harmful to the body." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cypriot cuisine __knowledge__ Cypriot cuisine is the cuisine of Cyprus and is closely related to Greek and Turkish cuisine; it has also been influenced by Byzantine, French, Italian, Catalan, Ottoman and Middle Eastern cuisines.", "Cypriot cuisine __knowledge__ Frequently used ingredients are fresh vegetables such as zucchini, green peppers, okra, green beans, artichokes, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and grape leaves, and pulses such as beans (for fasolia), broad beans, peas, black-eyed beans, chick-peas and lentils.", "Cypriot cuisine __knowledge__ Pears, apples, grapes, oranges, Mandarin oranges, nectarines, mespila, blackberries, cherries, strawberries, figs, watermelon, melon, avocado, citrus, lemon, pistachio, almond, chestnut, walnut, hazelnut are some of the commonest of the fruits and nuts.", "Kebab __knowledge__ Kebabs (also kabobs) are various cooked meat dishes, with their origins in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Kebab __knowledge__ Many variants are popular throughout Asia, and around the world.", "Kebab __knowledge__ In Indian English and in the languages of the Middle East, other parts of Asia, and the Muslim world, \"kebab\" is a broad term covering a wide variety of grilled meat dishes.", "Kebab __knowledge__ Although kebabs are often cooked on a skewer, many types of kebab are not.", "Kebab __knowledge__ Kebab dishes can consist of cut up or ground meat or seafood, sometimes with fruits and vegetables; cooked on a skewer over a fire, or like a hamburger on a grill, baked in a pan in an oven, or as a stew; and served with various accompaniments according to each recipe.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ Dynamic angiothermography (DATG) is a technique for the diagnosis of breast cancer.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ This technique, though springing from the thermography of old conception, is based on a completely different principle.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ DATG records the temperature variations linked to the vascular changes in the breast due to angiogenesis.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ The presence, change, and growth of tumors and lesions in breast tissue change the vascular network in the breast.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ Consequently, measuring the vascular structure over time, DATG effectively monitors the change in breast tissue due to tumors and lesions.", "Dynamic angiothermography __knowledge__ It is currently used in combination with other techniques for diagnosis of breast cancer.", "Dream Mine __knowledge__ The Dream Mine, or Relief Mine, is a mine in Salem, Utah, built by John Hyrum Koyle in the 1890s and incorporated in 1909.", "Dream Mine __knowledge__ Koyle prophesied that the mine would provide financial support for members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) just before the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.", "Dream Mine __knowledge__ Koyle's prophecies were controversial among leaders of the LDS Church, and in 1948 he was excommunicated.", "Dream Mine __knowledge__ Even after Koyle's death in 1949, his followers, known as \"Dream Miners,\" continued to trade and hold stock in the mine to the present day.", "Dream Mine __knowledge__ John Hyrum Koyle was born in Spanish Fork, Utah, on August 14, 1864, to John Hyrum Koyle, Sr. and Adlinda Hillman.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ The Carmichael coal mine is a proposed thermal coal mine in the north of the Galilee Basin in Central Queensland, Australia.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ Mining is planned to be conducted by both open-cut and underground methods.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ The mine is proposed by Adani Mining, a wholly owned subsidiary of India's Adani Group.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ The development represents a $16.5 billion investment.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ At peak capacity the mine would produce 60 million tonnes of coal a year, much of it \"low quality, high ash\".", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ In court, Adani said it expects the mine to produce 2.3 billion tonnes over 60 years.", "Carmichael coal mine __knowledge__ It would be the largest coal mine in Australia and one of the largest in the world.", "Pike River Mine __knowledge__ The Pike River Mine is a coal mine operated by Pike River Coal north-northeast of Greymouth in the West Coast Region of New Zealand's South Island.", "Pike River Mine __knowledge__ It was to begin production in early 2008, and was initially expected to produce around one million tonnes of coal per year for around 20 years, making the mine the second-largest coal export mine in the country, as well as the largest underground coal mine of the country.", "Pike River Mine __knowledge__ The estimate for production was reduced to between 320,000 and 360,000 tonnes for 2011.", "Pike River Mine __knowledge__ The coal of the mine is described as \"New Zealand's largest known deposit of high fluidity and quality hard coking coal\" (a type of coal in high demand for iron smelting), and was expected to earn around NZ$170 million in export income annually.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ Beef entrails () is a Hong Kong dish largely influenced by Cantonese cuisine.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ Good quality beef is chosen to stew with its entrails for a couple of hours.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ There are several ways to serve this food, for instance, as beef entrails hot pot, beef entrails on a skewer and beef entrails served with pieces etc.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ The seasonings called \"13 herbs\" are the main composition of the master stock sauce.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ None of the herbs can be omitted, or else it causes a huge change of flavour.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ The herbs are fennel, Sichuan peppercorn, star anise, dried citrus peel, cinnamon, sand ginger, and nutmeg.", "Beef entrails __knowledge__ The tripe (four tripes of the cow are edible but the honeycomb tripe has the highest rating), pancreas, intestine, spleen and lungs are the major characters of the beef entrails.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Unlike depth charges, mines are deposited and left to wait until they are triggered by the approach of, or contact with, an enemy vessel.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Naval mines can be used offensively—to hamper enemy shipping movements or lock vessels into a harbour; or defensively—to protect friendly vessels and create \"safe\" zones.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Mines can be laid in many ways: by purpose-built minelayers, refitted ships, submarines, or aircraft—and even by dropping them into a harbour by hand.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ They can be inexpensive: some variants can cost as little as US$2000, though more sophisticated mines can cost millions of dollars, be equipped with several kinds of sensors, and deliver a warhead by rocket or torpedo.", "Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma __knowledge__ Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving aberrant T cells or null lymphocytes.", "Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma __knowledge__ It is described in detail in the \"Classification of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues\" edited by experts of the World Health Organisation (WHO).", "Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma __knowledge__ The term anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) encompasses at least 4 different clinical entities, all sharing the same name, and histologically have also in common the presence of large pleomorphic cells that express CD30 and T-cell markers.", "Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma __knowledge__ Two types of ALCL present as systemic disease and are considered as aggressive lymphomas, while two types present as localized disease and may progress locally." ] ]

[ 5, 26, 10, 0, 9 ]

[ "Chicken is one of my favorite meats as well. It's so versatile because you can eat almost every part of it!", "I wouldn't mind trying it, but in my culture offal food like chicken liver is considered a taboo, unlike in others where it's considered a delicacy.", "Sure, offal simply refers to the internal organs and etrains of a butchered animal. It's also known as variety meats or organ meats too.", "Entrails* not etrains sorry. I guess mine would be the breast due to how lean it is.", "Hm, yum, I like the way you think. I also like something called a white dish, chicken stew with fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices, delicious." ]

[ "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes" ]

[ "Cord-cutting\nI am hoping to stop paying for cable this year, is it easy to do?", "What are some services that I can use to watch tv over the internet?", "I see commercials about Sling, what doe Sling offer?", "I hate paying my $100 cable bill...what a waste. Is there a lot of content on YouTube?", "That is crazy, make that 900,001 after today!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A related group, the cord-nevers, have never used commercial cable for television service, relying on internet sources from the start.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A number of purely internet television services, part of the wider IPTV concept, have emerged to cater to these groups.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ Parks Associates estimated that in 2008, about 900,000 American households relied entirely on the Internet for television viewing, and the company expected that number to increase.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Tax resistance has probably existed ever since rulers began imposing taxes on their subjects.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ It has been suggested that tax resistance played a significant role in the collapse of several empires, including the Egyptian, Roman, Spanish, and Aztec.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Many rebellions and revolutions have been prompted by resentment of taxation or had tax refusal as a component.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Examples of historic events that originated as tax revolts include the Magna Carta, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ This page is a partial list of global tax revolts and tax resistance actions that have come to the attention of Wikipedia's editors.", "We the People Foundation __knowledge__ We the People Foundation for Constitutional Education, Inc. also known as We the People Foundation is a non-profit education and research organization in Queensbury, New York with the declared mission \"to protect and defend individual Rights as guaranteed by the Constitutions of the United States.\"", "We the People Foundation __knowledge__ It was founded by Robert L. Schulz.", "We the People Foundation __knowledge__ At the U.S. Department of Justice, he is known as a \"high-profile tax protester\".", "We the People Foundation __knowledge__ The Southern Poverty Law Center asserts that Schulz is the head of the leading organization in the tax protester movement.", "We the People Foundation __knowledge__ The organization formally served a petition for redress of grievances regarding income tax upon the United States government in November 2002.", "Tithe __knowledge__ A tithe (; from Old English: \"teogoþa\" \"tenth\") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government.", "Tithe __knowledge__ Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash, cheques, or stocks, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural products.", "Tithe __knowledge__ Several European countries operate a formal process linked to the tax system allowing some churches to assess tithes.", "Tithe __knowledge__ Traditional Jewish law and practice has included various forms of tithing since ancient times.", "Tithe __knowledge__ Orthodox Jews commonly practice \"ma'aser kesafim\" (tithing 10% of their income to charity).", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is classified as \"upper middle income\" by the World Bank and is the 39th largest in the world by total GDP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is one of the world's fastest-growing economies with a 2012 GDP growth rate of 6.3%.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ It currently has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by PPP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Neo-classical economists would interpret Peru's sound economic performance as a combination of: However, Post-Keynesian economists would argue that what neo-classical economics considers to be \"prudent\" fiscal spending is nothing more than a means to restrict government spending in order to make Peru dependent on export income and thus encourage it to open the Peruvian economy to free trade to the benefit of other western countries.", "Rate-capping rebellion __knowledge__ The rate-capping rebellion was a campaign within English local councils in 1985 which aimed to force the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher to withdraw powers to restrict the spending of councils.", "Rate-capping rebellion __knowledge__ The affected councils were almost all run by left-wing Labour Party leaderships.", "Rate-capping rebellion __knowledge__ The campaign's tactic was that councils whose budgets were restricted would refuse to set any budget at all for the financial year 1985–86, requiring the government to intervene directly in providing local services, or to concede.", "Rate-capping rebellion __knowledge__ However, all fifteen councils which initially refused to set a rate eventually did so, and the campaign failed to change government policy.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ The Tanana City School District (TCSD) is the school district of Tanana, Alaska.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ Its sole school, Maudrey J. Sommer School, serves grades K-12.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ The school had 104 students in 1998.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ As of August 2008, the school had five full-time teachers and five aides serving 56 students.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ By January 2009 the enrollment had declined to 39 students.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ At the time, many villagers were leaving to find other jobs.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ In 2008 the district did not pay $100,000 worth of bills and invoices.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ Some of the bills had been left over from two years prior.", "Tanana City School District __knowledge__ In 2009 John Banna, the superintendent, announced that the school was in $200,000 worth of debt.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For is an album from Boston, Massachusetts, hardcore punk band, The Suicide File.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ It was released in February 2005 on Indecision Records.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ The LP is a compilation of songs from the band's demo, two EPs, and several split EPs.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Tracks 1-5 originally appeared on the \"Things Fall Apart\" EP.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Tracks 6-7 originally appeared on the split EP with R'N'R.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Tracks 8-9 originally appeared on the split EP with The Hope Conspiracy.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Tracks 10-15 originally appeared on \"The Suicide File\" EP.", "Some Mistakes You Never Stop Paying For __knowledge__ Tracks 16-18 originally appeared on the band's demo." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A related group, the cord-nevers, have never used commercial cable for television service, relying on internet sources from the start.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A number of purely internet television services, part of the wider IPTV concept, have emerged to cater to these groups.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ Parks Associates estimated that in 2008, about 900,000 American households relied entirely on the Internet for television viewing, and the company expected that number to increase.", "Television licensing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and the Crown dependencies, any household watching or recording live television transmissions as they are being broadcast (terrestrial, satellite, cable, or Internet) is required to hold a television licence.", "Television licensing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Businesses, hospitals, schools and a range of other organisations are also required to hold television licences to watch and record live TV broadcasts.", "Television licensing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ A television licence is also required to receive on-demand programme services provided by the BBC, on the iPlayer catch-up service.", "Television licensing in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Income from the licence is primarily used to fund the television, radio and online services of the British Broadcasting Corporation.", "Television __knowledge__ Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.", "Television __knowledge__ The term can refer to a television set, a television program (\"TV show\"), or the medium of television transmission.", "Television __knowledge__ Television is a mass medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip and advertising.", "Television __knowledge__ Television became available in crude experimental forms in the late 1920s, but it would still be several years before the new technology was marketed to consumers.", "Television __knowledge__ After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions.", "Television licence __knowledge__ A television licence or broadcast receiving licence is a payment required in many countries for the reception of television broadcasts, or the possession of a television set where some broadcasts are funded in full or in part by the licence fee paid.", "Television licence __knowledge__ The fee is sometimes also required to own a radio or receive radio broadcasts.", "Television licence __knowledge__ A TV licence is therefore effectively a hypothecated tax for the purpose of funding public broadcasting, thus allowing public broadcasters to transmit television programmes without, or with only supplemental, funding from radio and television advertisements.", "Television licence __knowledge__ However, in some cases the balance between public funding and advertisements is the opposite – the Polish TVP broadcaster receives more funds from advertisements than from its TV tax.", "Logitech Harmony __knowledge__ Logitech Harmony is a line of remote controls and home automation products produced by Logitech.", "Logitech Harmony __knowledge__ The line includes universal remote products designed for controlling the components of home theater systems (including televisions, set-top boxes, DVD and Blu-ray players, video game consoles) and other devices that can be controlled via infrared, as well as newer \"Hub\" products that can be used to additionally control supported Internet of things (IoT) and Smart home products, and allow the use of mobile apps to control devices.", "Logitech Harmony __knowledge__ The Harmony remote control was originally created in 2001 by Easy Zapper, a Canadian company, and first sold in November 2001.", "Children's culture __knowledge__ Children's culture includes children's cultural artifacts, children's media and literature, and the myths and discourses spun around the notion of childhood.", "Children's culture __knowledge__ Children's culture has been studied within academia in cultural studies, media studies, and literature departments.", "Children's culture __knowledge__ The interdisciplinary focus of childhood studies could also be considered in the paradigm of social theory concerning the study of children’s culture.", "Children's culture __knowledge__ In recent years, cultural studies scholars from various fields of study have deconstructed and assessed sociological issues specifically dealing with children’s roles within a society's culture.", "Video on demand __knowledge__ \"'Video on demand \"are systems which allow users to select and watch/listen to video or audio content such as movies and TV shows when they choose to, rather than having to watch at a specific broadcast time, which was the prevalent approach with over-the-air broadcasting during much of the 20th century.", "Video on demand __knowledge__ IPTV technology is often used to bring VOD to televisions and personal computers.", "Video on demand __knowledge__ Television VOD systems can either \"stream\" content through a set-top box, a computer or other device, allowing viewing in real time, or download it to a device such as a computer, digital video recorder (also called a personal video recorder) or portable media player for viewing at any time.", "WhereverTV __knowledge__ WhereverTV is an Over the Top (OTT) internet television platform provider located in Fort Myers, Florida focused on delivering linear television programming to SmartTVs and digital media receivers, and tablets via the public Internet.", "WhereverTV __knowledge__ The company has been providing access to free live streaming TV channels on the internet since 2007 through its Global Interactive Program Guide (officially trademarked as \"Global IPG\") internet TV software, allowing registered users to watch TV online.", "WhereverTV __knowledge__ In 2011, the company began selling subscription services for live television from Morocco and Greece.", "WhereverTV __knowledge__ In 2013, it began selling Arabic TV subscriptions.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "Internet regulation in Turkey __knowledge__ Internet regulation in Turkey is primarily authorized under the Electronic Communications Law (ECL) and the Internet Act and carried out by the Information and Communication Technologies Authority (ICTA).", "Internet regulation in Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey's internet, which has 42.3 million active users, holds a 'Not Free' ranking in Freedom House's index.", "Internet regulation in Turkey __knowledge__ Turkish government has constantly blocked websites like Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and as of May 2017, Wikipedia is currently inaccessible.", "Internet regulation in Turkey __knowledge__ According to Twitter's transparency report, Turkey leads in social media censorship.", "Internet regulation in Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey considers itself a democratic country with a Prime Minister as the head of the government.", "Internet censorship in Australia __knowledge__ Internet censorship in Australia currently consists of a regulatory regime under which the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) has the power to enforce content restrictions on Internet content hosted within Australia, and maintain a \"black-list\" of overseas websites which is then provided for use in filtering software.", "Internet censorship in Australia __knowledge__ The restrictions focus primarily on child pornography, sexual violence, and other illegal activities, compiled as a result of a consumer complaints process.", "Internet censorship in Australia __knowledge__ In 2009, the OpenNet Initiative found no evidence of Internet filtering in Australia, but due to legal restrictions ONI does not test for filtering of child pornography or cyberbullying.", "Net neutrality in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, net neutrality has been an issue of contention among network users and access providers since the 1990s.", "Net neutrality in the United States __knowledge__ Until 2015, there were no clear legal protections requiring net neutrality.", "Net neutrality in the United States __knowledge__ Throughout 2005 and 2006, corporations supporting both sides of the issue zealously lobbied Congress.", "Net neutrality in the United States __knowledge__ Between 2005 and 2012, five attempts to pass bills in Congress containing net neutrality provisions failed.", "Net neutrality in the United States __knowledge__ Each sought to prohibit Internet service providers from using various variable pricing models based upon the user's quality of service level, described as tiered service in the industry and as price discrimination arising from abuse of \"local monopolies enshrined in law\" by some economists.", "Legal status of Internet pornography __knowledge__ Due to the international nature of the Internet, Internet pornography carries with it special issues with regard to the law.", "Legal status of Internet pornography __knowledge__ There is no one set of laws that apply to the distribution, purchase, or possession of Internet pornography.", "Legal status of Internet pornography __knowledge__ This means that, for example, even if a pornographer is legally distributing pornography, the person receiving it may not be legally doing so due to local laws.", "Legal status of Internet pornography __knowledge__ Child pornography is illegal in most countries with coordinated enforcement by Interpol and policing institutions of various governments, including among others the United States Department of Justice.", "Legal status of Internet pornography __knowledge__ Even so, the UK based NSPCC said that worldwide an estimated 2% of websites still had not been removed a year after being identified." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A related group, the cord-nevers, have never used commercial cable for television service, relying on internet sources from the start.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A number of purely internet television services, part of the wider IPTV concept, have emerged to cater to these groups.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ Parks Associates estimated that in 2008, about 900,000 American households relied entirely on the Internet for television viewing, and the company expected that number to increase.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ A sling is a projectile weapon typically used to throw a blunt projectile such as a stone, clay, or lead \"sling-bullet\".", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ It is also known as the shepherd's sling.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ Someone who specialises in using slings is called a slinger.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ A sling has a small cradle or \"pouch\" in the middle of two lengths of cord.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ The \"sling stone\" is placed in the pouch.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ The middle finger or thumb is placed through a loop on the end of one cord, and a tab at the end of the other cord is placed between the thumb and forefinger.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ The sling is swung in an arc, and the tab released at a precise moment.", "Sling (weapon) __knowledge__ This frees the projectile to fly to the target.", "Sling TV __knowledge__ Sling TV (alternately identified in its logo as Sling Television) is an American over-the-top internet television service owned by Dish Network.", "Sling TV __knowledge__ Unveiled on January 5, 2015, at the Consumer Electronics Show, the service – which is structured as a virtual multichannel video programming distributor – aims to complement subscription video on demand services for cord cutters, offering a selection of major cable channels and OTT-originated services that can be streamed through smart TVs, digital media players and apps.", "Sling TV __knowledge__ The service is available in the United States and Puerto Rico.", "Sling TV __knowledge__ Sling TV is led by Erik Carlson who also serves as the President and COO of Dish Network.", "Hopper (DVR) __knowledge__ Hopper is a line of digital video recording (DVR) set-top boxes offered by the U.S. direct-broadcast satellite television provider Dish Network.", "Hopper (DVR) __knowledge__ First introduced at Consumer Electronics Show in January 2012, the Hopper was released in March 2012 as a component of the provider's whole-home DVR system, which networks the main Hopper unit with smaller \"Joey\" set-top boxes to form a client-server architecture.", "Hopper (DVR) __knowledge__ The Hopper is primarily distinguished by its \"Primetime Anytime\" functionality, which automatically records primetime programming off the four major U.S. television networks, while a later software update added \"AutoHop\", which allows commercials to automatically be removed from these recordings.", "Ching sling __knowledge__ The Ching sling is a tactical rifle sling created by Eric S. H. Ching (13 August 1951 - 28 July 2007) and popularized by Jeff Cooper.", "Ching sling __knowledge__ The purpose of the sling is to stabilize the rifle as a shooting aid with a minimal amount of adjustment.", "Ching sling __knowledge__ While slings have occasionally been employed as shooting aids, most systems were awkward to handle and required a significant amount of time to implement.", "Ching sling __knowledge__ In 1986 Ching took a rifle class at the American Pistol Institute (now called Gunsite Academy) in Paulden, Arizona under Jeff Cooper and becoming mildly irritated with the military sling's disadvantages, Eric Ching conceived a sling system which was handier and quicker.", "Sling Media __knowledge__ Sling Media Inc. is a technology company that develops placeshifting and Smart TV solutions for consumers, multiple-system operators and set top box manufacturers.", "Sling Media __knowledge__ The company is based in Foster City, California, and was a subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation (acquired in the fall of 2007).", "Sling Media __knowledge__ Their initial product, the Slingbox, debuted on the US market on July 1, 2005.", "Sling Media __knowledge__ The EchoStar business unit was part of a corporate assets exchange with Dish Network at the beginning of 2017 and now operates as Dish Technologies Corporation under Dish Network.", "Sling Media __knowledge__ The company was founded in 2004 by brothers Blake and Jason Krikorian from San Francisco, along with Bhupen Shah, who had the relationships to help establish Sling's presence in Bangalore.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "David's Sling __knowledge__ David's Sling (), also formerly known as Magic Wand (), is an Israel Defense Forces military system being jointly developed by the Israeli defense contractor Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and the American defense contractor Raytheon, designed to intercept enemy planes, drones, tactical ballistic missiles, medium- to long-range rockets and cruise missiles, fired at ranges from 40 km (24.85 miles) to 300 km (186.41 miles) with speeds of up to mach 7.5.", "David's Sling __knowledge__ David's Sling is meant to replace the MIM-23 Hawk and MIM-104 Patriot in the Israeli arsenal.", "David's Sling __knowledge__ The Stunner missile is designed to intercept the newest generation of tactical ballistic missiles at low altitude, such as Russian Iskander and the Chinese DF-15 using an on-board dual CCD/IR seekers to distinguish between decoys and the actual warhead of the missile, in addition to tracking by Elta EL/M-2084 Active electronically scanned array multi-mode radar.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Hulu __knowledge__ Hulu (stylized as hulu) is an American subscription video on demand service owned by Hulu LLC, a joint venture with The Walt Disney Company (through Disney–ABC Television Group ) (30%), 21st Century Fox (30%), Comcast (through NBCUniversal) (30%), and as of August 10, 2016, Time Warner (through Turner Broadcasting System) (10%).", "Hulu __knowledge__ Through an acquisition announced in December 2017, Disney will acquire Fox's interest, giving it a majority stake, when the deal closes.", "Hulu __knowledge__ It is primarily oriented towards television series, carrying current and past episodes of series from its owners' respective television networks and other content partners.", "Internet television __knowledge__ Internet television (or online television) is the digital distribution of television content, such as TV shows, via the public Internet (which also carries other types of data), as opposed to dedicated terrestrial television via an over-the-air aerial system, cable television, and/or satellite television systems.", "Internet television __knowledge__ It is sometimes called web television, though this phrase is also used to describe the genre of TV shows broadcast only online.", "Internet television __knowledge__ The mid 2000s were the beginning of television programs becoming available via the Internet.", "Internet television __knowledge__ ITunes began offering select television programs and series in 2005, available for download after direct payment.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network (often stylized as DISH Network, or just simply DISH) is an American-based direct-broadcast satellite service provider.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company provides satellite television, audio programming, and interactive television services to commercial and residential customers in the United States.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ , the company provided services to 13.7 million television and 580,000 broadband subscribers.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company has approximately 16,000 employees.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Meridian, Colorado, though the postal designation of nearby Englewood, Colorado is used in the corporate mailing.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ In January 2008, Dish Network was spun off from its former parent company EchoStar, which was founded by Charlie Ergen as a satellite television equipment distributor in 1980." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A related group, the cord-nevers, have never used commercial cable for television service, relying on internet sources from the start.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A number of purely internet television services, part of the wider IPTV concept, have emerged to cater to these groups.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ Parks Associates estimated that in 2008, about 900,000 American households relied entirely on the Internet for television viewing, and the company expected that number to increase.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "Parents Television Council __knowledge__ The Parents Television Council (PTC) is a United States-based censorship advocacy group founded by conservative Catholic activist L. Brent Bozell III in 1995.", "Parents Television Council __knowledge__ Through publications on its website including staff reviews, (non peer-reviewed) research reports, and web-based newsletters, the Council proclaims television programs or other entertainment products to be beneficial or harmful to the development of children and actively works to ensure broadcasters and content producers conform to the council's advice.", "Parents Television Council __knowledge__ Council activities include attempts to hold advertisers accountable for the content of the programs they sponsor, encouraging the development of what the council considers to be responsible, family-friendly entertainment, pressuring broadcasters to stop and/or limit television content the council claims to be harmful to children, as well as pressuring cable operators to unbundle cable channels so consumers can pick and pay for only the channels they want to watch.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Felix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg ( ; ; born 24 October 1989), known online as PewDiePie ( ), is a Swedish web-based comedian and video producer.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ He is known for his Let's Play commentaries and vlogs, as well as his following on YouTube.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Born in Gothenburg, Sweden, PewDiePie originally pursued a degree in industrial economics and technology management at Chalmers University of Technology.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ In 2010, during his time at the university, he registered a YouTube account under the name PewDiePie.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ The following year, he dropped out of Chalmers after becoming disinterested with his degree field, much to the dismay of his parents.", "Acquisition of NBC Universal by Comcast __knowledge__ In December 2009, Comcast announced its intent to acquire a majority stake in the media conglomerate NBCUniversal from General Electric (GE).", "Acquisition of NBC Universal by Comcast __knowledge__ The planned acquisition was subject to scrutiny from activists and government officials; their concerns primarily surrounded the potential effects of the vertical integration that the acquisition could create, as Comcast is also heavily involved in cable television and internet services in many media markets.", "Acquisition of NBC Universal by Comcast __knowledge__ The deal went through, resulting in Comcast owning 51% of the company until March 2013, when GE divested its stake to give Comcast sole ownership.", "Acquisition of NBC Universal by Comcast __knowledge__ Comcast was, at the time, the largest cable television provider in the United States.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Criticism of Facebook relates to how Facebook's market dominance have led to international media coverage and significant reporting of its shortcomings.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Notable issues include Internet privacy, such as its use of a widespread \"like\" button on third-party websites tracking users, possible indefinite records of user information, automatic facial recognition software, and its role in the workplace, including employer-employee account disclosure.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ The use of Facebook can have psychological effects, including feelings of jealousy and stress, a lack of attention, and social media addiction, in some cases comparable to drug addiction.", "Multichannel video programming distributor __knowledge__ Multichannel television has existed in the United States since at least 1948.", "Multichannel video programming distributor __knowledge__ The country is served by cable television systems, direct-broadcast satellite providers, and various other wireline video providers; among the largest television providers in the U.S. are AT&T (through its DirecTV and U-verse divisions), Altice USA, Charter Communications, Comcast (through its Xfinity division), Dish Network, and Verizon Communications (through its FiOS division).", "Multichannel video programming distributor __knowledge__ Initially serving as a means to provide local television stations to customers who could not receive them over-the-air, the deployments of communications satellites made it financially feasible for broadcasters to distribute channels of national interest to cable, and later satellite television providers, such as superstations and premium television services.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "ONTV (pay TV) __knowledge__ ONTV (later known as ON Subscription Television from 1983 until its shutdown in 1985) is a defunct American subscription television service that was owned by National Subscription Television, a joint venture between Oak Industries (a manufacturer of satellite and pay television decoders and equipment), Chartwell Enterprises (owned by Norman Lear) and media executive A. Jerrold Perenchio.", "ONTV (pay TV) __knowledge__ Operating in such major markets as Los Angeles, Chicago, Minneapolis and Detroit, ONTV aired a broad mix of feature films from mainstream Hollywood blockbusters to pornographic films as well as sports events and specials.", "TV Everywhere __knowledge__ TV Everywhere (also known as authenticated streaming or authenticated video on-demand) refers to a business model wherein access to streaming video content from a television channel requires users to \"authenticate\" themselves as current subscribers to the channel, via an account provided by their participating pay television provider, in order to access the content.", "TV Everywhere __knowledge__ Under the model, broadcasters offer their customers the ability to access content from their channels through internet-based services and mobile apps—either live or on-demand, as part of their subscription to the service.", "TV Everywhere __knowledge__ Time Warner Cable first proposed the concept in 2009; in 2010, many television providers and networks began to roll out TV Everywhere services for their subscribers, including major networks such as TBS and TNT (whose owner was an early supporter of the concept), ESPN, and HBO among others.", "Internet television __knowledge__ Internet television (or online television) is the digital distribution of television content, such as TV shows, via the public Internet (which also carries other types of data), as opposed to dedicated terrestrial television via an over-the-air aerial system, cable television, and/or satellite television systems.", "Internet television __knowledge__ It is sometimes called web television, though this phrase is also used to describe the genre of TV shows broadcast only online.", "Internet television __knowledge__ The mid 2000s were the beginning of television programs becoming available via the Internet.", "Internet television __knowledge__ ITunes began offering select television programs and series in 2005, available for download after direct payment.", "History of television __knowledge__ The invention of the television was the work of many individuals in the late 19th century and early 20th century.", "History of television __knowledge__ Individuals and corporations competed in various parts of the world to deliver a device that superseded previous technology.", "History of television __knowledge__ Many were compelled to capitalize on the invention and make profit, while some wanted to change the world through visual and audio communication technology.", "History of television __knowledge__ Facsimile transmission systems pioneered methods of mechanically scanning graphics in the early 19th century.", "History of television __knowledge__ The Scottish inventor Alexander Bain introduced the facsimile machine between 1843 and 1846.", "History of television __knowledge__ The English physicist Frederick Bakewell demonstrated a working laboratory version in 1851." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A related group, the cord-nevers, have never used commercial cable for television service, relying on internet sources from the start.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ A number of purely internet television services, part of the wider IPTV concept, have emerged to cater to these groups.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ Parks Associates estimated that in 2008, about 900,000 American households relied entirely on the Internet for television viewing, and the company expected that number to increase.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Weekend effect __knowledge__ In healthcare, the weekend effect is the finding of a difference in mortality rate for patients admitted to hospital for treatment at the weekend compared to those admitted on a weekday.", "Weekend effect __knowledge__ The effects of the weekend on patient outcomes has been a concern since the late 1970s, and a ‘weekend effect’ is now well documented.", "Weekend effect __knowledge__ Although this is a controversial area, the balance of opinion is that the weekend (and bank holidays) have a deleterious effect on patient care (and specifically increase mortality)—based on the larger studies that have been carried out.", "Weekend effect __knowledge__ Variations in the outcomes for patients treated for many acute and chronic conditions have been studied.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ Francisco Islas Rueda (born December 3, 1973) is a Mexican professional wrestler, or \"luchador\", best known by his ring name Super Crazy.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ In Mexico, Islas has worked for AAA (AAA) and made appearances for various independent promotions but is not currently associated with one specific Mexican promotion.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ As Super Crazy, Islas gained American exposure by working for Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) between 1998 and 2000 and for World Wrestling Entertainment between 2005 and 2008.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ He has also toured Japan on several occasions, working for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW), Pro Wrestling Zero-One (Zero-1), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for season 2 of \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ Season 2 was announced by the Team and by Spike, along with a video game.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ A teaser image posted on Twitter shows a Ballistic Gel torso behind a podium.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ A teaser video was posted for \"Deadliest Warrior\" for the people who signed up for Warrior Den with some of the weapons for season 2.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ The weapons trailer only showed modern weapons.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ Season 2 premiered April 20, 2010, at 10 pm ET.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ The battle begins with the SWAT team’s armored van parking near a series of abandoned buildings and parked cars.", "Deadliest Warrior (season 2) __knowledge__ The squad's captain looks into his binoculars and sees 4 GSG 9 members approaching from the other side of the area.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ Air transports for heads of state and government are, in many countries, provided by the air force in specially equipped airliners or business jets.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ One such aircraft particular has become part of popular culture: Air Force One, used by the President of the United States and operated by the United States Air Force.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ The first head of state or government to receive official and dedicated air transport was the British Monarch.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ In 1928, two Westland Wapitis were delivered to No.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ 24 Squadron at RAF Northolt for the express purpose of the transportation of the Royal Family.", "Air transports of heads of state and government __knowledge__ Between 1929 and 1935, Edward, Prince of Wales, purchased 13 aircraft.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ The Brawn BGP 001 is a Formula One world championship winning racing car, designed and built by Brawn GP.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ It was the first, and only, Formula One car used by the Brawn GP team, used to contest the 2009 Formula One season.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ The car won eight out of the seventeen Grands Prix it competed in.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ It was notable for its unusual \"double\" diffuser, and its legality was disputed though ultimately deemed legal by the FIA.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ The BGP 001 was designed throughout 2008 and 2009 by Honda and then Brawn after the change over.", "Brawn BGP 001 __knowledge__ It was designed by Loïc Bigois, in similar respects to all the other cars on the grid with a moulded carbon fibre and honeycomb composite monocoque and a front and rear wishbone and pushrod activated suspension system.", "Cultivation theory __knowledge__ Cultivation theory examines the long-term effects of television.", "Cultivation theory __knowledge__ \"The primary proposition of cultivation theory states that the more time people spend 'living' in the television world, the more likely they are to believe social reality aligns with reality portrayed on television.\"", "Cultivation theory __knowledge__ The images and ideological messages transmitted through popular television media heavily influence perceptions of the real world.", "Cultivation theory __knowledge__ Cultivation theory is positivistic, meaning it assumes the existence of objective reality and value-neutral research.", "Cultivation theory __knowledge__ A study conducted by Jennings Bryant and Dorina Miron (2004), which surveyed almost 2,000 articles published in three topmass-communication journals since 1956, found that Cultivation Theory was the third-most frequently utilized theory, showing that it continues to be one of the most popular theories in mass-communication research.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Advertising to children is the act of marketing or [advertising] products or services to children as defined by national legislation and advertising standards.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ It is often the subject of debate, relating to the alleged influence on children’s consumption.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Laws concerning such advertisements have largely evolved in recent years.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In most countries, advertising for children is framed by a mix of legislation and advertising self-regulation.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, the compulsory education of children was established.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Consequently, children began to be targeted by an increasing number of publications.Commercial appeals to children, however, did not become commonplace until the advent and widespread adoption of television and grew exponentially with the advent of cable television.", "V-chip __knowledge__ V-chip is a generic term for technology used in television set receivers in Canada, Brazil and the United States, which allows the blocking of programs based on their ratings category.", "V-chip __knowledge__ It is intended for use by parents to manage their children's television viewing.", "V-chip __knowledge__ Televisions manufactured for the United States market since 1999 and all units as of January 2000 are required to have the V-chip technology.", "V-chip __knowledge__ The idea for blocking programs in this way was patented by Brett West and John P. Gardner in 1994 and tested in Canada.", "V-chip __knowledge__ Since then many devices using V-chip technology have been produced.", "V-chip __knowledge__ V-chip technology works much like closed captioning and uses the vertical blanking interval in the television signal.", "Klapmeier brothers __knowledge__ The Klapmeier brothers, Alan Lee Klapmeier (born October 6, 1958) and Dale Edward Klapmeier (born July 2, 1961), are American aircraft designers, aviation businessmen, and entrepreneurs who together founded the Cirrus Aircraft Corporation in 1984.", "Klapmeier brothers __knowledge__ Under the leadership of the Klapmeiers, Cirrus was the first aircraft manufacturer to install a whole-plane parachute recovery system as a standard on all its models—designed to lower the airplane (and occupants) safely to the ground in case of an emergency.", "Klapmeier brothers __knowledge__ The device is attributed with saving over 140 lives to date.", "Klapmeier brothers __knowledge__ Cirrus was also the first to use all-composite airframe construction and glass panel cockpits on production aircraft, which many say revolutionized general aviation for light aircraft pilots.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 2008 was the 56th quadrennial presidential election.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ It was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2008.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The Democratic ticket of Barack Obama, a Senator from Illinois, and Joe Biden, a long-time Senator from Delaware, defeated the Republican ticket of Senator John McCain of Arizona and Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ Obama became the first African American ever to be elected as president, and Joe Biden became the first Catholic to ever be elected as vice president.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The incumbent Republican president, George W. Bush, was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are \"broadcast\", that is, published by electrical methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ Broadcast methods include radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ Scripts for broadcast tend to be written differently from text to be read by the public.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ For instance, the former is generally less complex and more conversational.", "Broadcast journalism __knowledge__ Radio and television are designed to be seen and heard sooner and more often than a daily or weekly newspaper." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 3, 6, 6 ]

[ "Yes it is , a fact is that internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable", "Such services such as Hulu, itunes, netflix, sling, and youtube are all great", "Not much information on that but as a market trend cord cutters do not pay for subscription television anymore", "Yes it has great content you should check it out. Another fact is that in 2008 900,000 americans relied solely on internet for television viewing ", "I agree with you! I am one of the 900,000 people now " ]

[ "Cord-cutting", "Cord-cutting", "Cord-cutting", "Cord-cutting", "Cord-cutting" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Yes reading is fundamental for human advancement. I enjoy reading mystery novels. What about you?", "Yes suspense novels make you think creatively.", "All the time! And especially Sherlock novels about murder investigators are so interesting because you have to think critically to find the suspect! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ Erast Petrovich Fandorin () is a fictional 19th-century Russian detective and the hero of a series of Russian historical detective novels by Boris Akunin.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ The first Fandorin novel (The Winter Queen, rus.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ - Азазель) was published in Russia in 1998, and the latest and the last one was published in November 2012 (The Black City, rus.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ - Чёрный город).", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ More than 15 million copies of Fandorin novels have been sold as of May 2006, even though the novels were freely available from many Russian web-sites and the hard-copies were relatively expensive by Russian standards.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ New books in the Fandorin series typically sell over 200,000 copies in the first week alone, with an unparalleled (for mystery novels) first edition of 50,000 copies for the first books to 500,000 copies for the last.", "Jack Vance __knowledge__ John Holbrook \"Jack\" Vance (August 28, 1916 – May 26, 2013) was an American mystery, fantasy, and science fiction writer.", "Jack Vance __knowledge__ Though most of his work has been published under the name Jack Vance, he also wrote 9 mystery novels using his full name John Holbrook Vance, three under the pseudonym Ellery Queen, and one each using the pseudonyms Alan Wade, Peter Held, John van See, and Jay Kavanse.", "Jack Vance __knowledge__ Some editions of his published works give his year of birth as 1920.", "Jack Vance __knowledge__ Vance won the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement in 1984 and he was a Guest of Honor at the 1992 World Science Fiction Convention in Orlando, Florida.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (; born Isaak Ozimov; January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ He was known for his works of science fiction and popular science.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov was a prolific writer, and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major categories of the Dewey Decimal Classification.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov wrote hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered one of the \"Big Three\" science fiction writers during his lifetime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Louise Penny __knowledge__ Louise Penny (born 1958) is a Canadian author of mystery novels set in the Canadian province of Quebec centred on the work of Chief Inspector Armand Gamache of the Sûreté du Québec.", "Louise Penny __knowledge__ Penny's first career was as a radio broadcaster for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Louise Penny __knowledge__ After she turned to writing, she won numerous awards for her work, including the Agatha Award for best mystery novel of the year five times, including four consecutive years (2007–2010), and the Anthony Award for best novel of the year five times, including four consecutive years (2010–2013).", "Louise Penny __knowledge__ Her novels have been published in 23 languages.", "Dean Koontz's Frankenstein __knowledge__ Dean Koontz's Frankenstein is the collective title of five novels co-written by Dean Koontz.", "Dean Koontz's Frankenstein __knowledge__ Though technically of the mystery or thriller genres, the novels also feature the trappings of horror, fantasy, and science fiction.", "Dean Koontz's Frankenstein __knowledge__ The first three books form a trilogy: \"Prodigal Son\", co-written with Kevin J. Anderson, was published in 2004; \"City of Night\", co-written with Ed Gorman, was published in 2005; and \"Dead and Alive\", written without a co-writer, was released on July 28, 2009.", "Dean Koontz's Frankenstein __knowledge__ (At the same time that the final novel's authorship was confirmed, having previously been slated as \"by Dean Koontz & Ed Gorman\", Koontz's 'collaborators' on the earlier novels were retrospectively removed as co-authors, and all new editions of the novels are credited as \"by Dean Koontz\" alone.)", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication refers to the use of communication to facilitate social development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication engages stakeholders and policy makers, establishes conducive environments, assesses risks and opportunities and promotes information exchanges to bring about positive social change via sustainable development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication techniques include information dissemination and education, behavior change, social marketing, social mobilization, media advocacy, communication for social change and community participation.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication has been labeled the \"Fifth Theory of the Press\", with \"social transformation and development\", and \"the fulfillment of basic needs\" as its primary purposes.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "News __knowledge__ News is information about current events.", "News __knowledge__ News is provided through many different media: word of mouth, printing, postal systems, broadcasting, electronic communication, and also on the testimony of observers and witnesses to events.", "News __knowledge__ It is also used as a platform to manufacture opinion for the population.", "News __knowledge__ Common topics for news reports include war, government, politics, education, health, the environment, economy, business, fashion, and entertainment, as well as athletic events, quirky or unusual events.", "News __knowledge__ Government proclamations, concerning royal ceremonies, laws, taxes, public health, criminals, have been dubbed news since ancient times.", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ Kindergarten readiness refers to the developmental domains that contribute to children’s ability to adapt to the kindergarten classroom, which is often a new and unfamiliar environment.", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ There is no single agreed upon definition of Kindergarten readiness.", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ The domains often included in the definition include, academic skills (e.g., early literacy and mathematics understanding, etc.", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ ), social-emotional development (e.g., self-regulation, prosocial behaviour, etc.", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ ), and physical development (e.g., motor development, sensory development, etc.).", "Kindergarten readiness __knowledge__ In addition to these competencies, the child’s environment and opportunities for learning should also be considered.", "Literacy __knowledge__ Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write .", "Literacy __knowledge__ The modern term's meaning has been expanded to include the ability to use language, numbers, images, computers, and other basic means to understand, communicate, gain useful knowledge, solve mathematical problems and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture.", "Literacy __knowledge__ The concept of literacy is expanding in OECD countries to include skills to access knowledge through technology and ability to assess complex contexts.", "Literacy __knowledge__ A person who travels and resides in a foreign country but is unable to read or write in the language of the host country would also be regarded by the locals as being illiterate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Mary Higgins Clark __knowledge__ Mary Theresa Eleanor Higgins Clark Conheeney (née Higgins; born December 24, 1927), known professionally as Mary Higgins Clark, is an American author of suspense novels.", "Mary Higgins Clark __knowledge__ Each of her 51 books has been a bestseller in the United States and various European countries, and all of her novels remained in print as of 2015, with her debut suspense novel, \"Where Are the Children\", in its seventy-fifth printing.", "Mary Higgins Clark __knowledge__ Higgins Clark began writing at an early age.", "Mary Higgins Clark __knowledge__ After several years working as a secretary and copy editor, she spent a year as a stewardess for Pan-American Airlines before leaving her job to marry and start a family.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "Dungeons &amp; Dragons in popular culture __knowledge__ \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\") is a fantasy role-playing game first published in 1974.", "Dungeons &amp; Dragons in popular culture __knowledge__ As the popularity of the game grew throughout the late-1970s and 1980s, it became referenced in popular culture more frequently.", "Dungeons &amp; Dragons in popular culture __knowledge__ The complement of games, films and cultural references based on \"Dungeons & Dragons\" or similar fantasies, characters, and adventures became ubiquitous after the end of the 1970s.", "Dungeons &amp; Dragons in popular culture __knowledge__ \"Dungeons & Dragons\", and tabletop role-playing games in general, have exerted a deep and persistent impact on the development of all types of video games, from \"first-person shooters to real-time strategy games and massively multiplayer online games\", which in turn play a significant and ongoing role in modern popular culture.", "Nora Roberts __knowledge__ Nora Roberts (born Eleanor Marie Robertson on October 10, 1950) is an American bestselling author of more than 225 romance novels.", "Nora Roberts __knowledge__ She writes as J. D. Robb for the \"in Death\" series, and has also written under the pseudonyms Jill March and for publications in the U.K. as Sarah Hardesty.", "Nora Roberts __knowledge__ Nora Roberts was the first author to be inducted into the Romance Writers of America Hall of Fame.", "Nora Roberts __knowledge__ As of 2011, her novels had spent a combined 861 weeks on \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list, including 176 weeks in the number-one spot.", "Nora Roberts __knowledge__ Roberts was born on October 10, 1950 in Silver Spring, Maryland, the youngest of five children.", "Rupaye Dus Karod __knowledge__ Rupaye Dus Karod is a 1991 Indian Bollywood suspense thriller film directed by Sikander Bharti and produced by Waman K. Dehsmukh and written by Shabdh Kumar.", "Rupaye Dus Karod __knowledge__ The film was made in the style of formula-based potboilers and was a hit.", "Rupaye Dus Karod __knowledge__ It stars Rajesh Khanna in the lead role and supporting cast includes Chunky Pandey, Amrita Singh, Sonu Walia, Avinash Wadhavan, Deepika Chikhalia, Sadashiv Amrapurkar, Kiran Kumar in pivotal roles.", "Rupaye Dus Karod __knowledge__ Rupaye Dus Karod (ten crores of rupees) is the story of a detective novelist (writing in Hindi) - Ravi Varma (Rajesh Khanna) whose father had to flee from India in his childhood itself because of a conspiracy masterminded by his wicked business partners and later Ravi finds himself in mystery murder and another plot to have tried to earn 10 crore by fraudulent means .", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ Terri Blackstock (born December 7, 1957 in Belleville, Illinois) is a Christian fiction writer.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ Blackstock is known for her numerous published novels spanning across genre from Christian romances to Christian mystery/suspense.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ Terri Blackstock’s books have sold six million copies worldwide.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ Her suspense novels often grab a spot on the ECPA and New York Times Bestseller lists.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ Known for her “Up All Night Fiction,” Blackstock has had twenty-five years of success as a novelist.", "Terri Blackstock __knowledge__ In 1994 Blackstock was writing for publishers such as HarperCollins, Harlequin and Silhouette, when a spiritual awakening drew her into the Christian market.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "South African constitutional litigation __knowledge__ Constitutional litigation in South Africa is an area of the law in that country dealing with the rules and principles applicable to cases that involve constitutional matters.", "South African constitutional litigation __knowledge__ It examines the constitutional jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court, the High Court and the Supreme Court of Appeal (and certain other specialist courts), and considers the various rules peculiar to these courts that are relevant to constitutional litigation, such as the admission of an \"amicus curiae\", the duty to raise a constitutional matter as early as possible in the proceedings, and the duty to join the relevant organ of state in a case involving a constitutional issue.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ The manner in which assets are distributed depends on whether the deceased has left a valid will or other valid document containing testamentary provisions, such as an antenuptial contract.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ If the deceased has not left a valid will or valid document containing testamentary provisions, the deceased dies intestate; similarly, if the deceased leaves a valid will which does not dispose of all property, there is an intestacy as to the portion not disposed of.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ In the event of intestacy, the assets are distributed in a definite order of preference among the heirs, as stipulated by the Intestate Succession Act.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ It is also an area of study and research that seeks to understand how humans use verbal and nonverbal cues to accomplish a number of personal and relational goals.", "Interpersonal communication __knowledge__ Generally, interpersonal communication research has contributed to at least six distinct categories of inquiry: 1) how humans adjust and adapt their verbal and nonverbal communication during face-to-face communication, 2) the processes of message production, 3) how uncertainty influences our behavior and information-management strategies, 4) deceptive communication, 5) relational dialectics, and 6) social interaction that is mediated by technology.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ Antony and Cleopatra is a tragedy by William Shakespeare.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The play was performed first circa 1607 at the Blackfriars Theatre or the Globe Theatre by the King's Men.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ Its first appearance in print was in the Folio of 1623.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The plot is based on Thomas North's translation of Plutarch's \"Lives\" and follows the relationship between Cleopatra and Mark Antony from the time of the Sicilian revolt to Cleopatra's suicide during the Final War of the Roman Republic.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The major antagonist is Octavius Caesar, one of Antony's fellow triumvirs of the Second Triumvirate and the first emperor of the Roman Empire.", "Antony and Cleopatra __knowledge__ The tragedy is mainly set in Rome and Egypt and is characterized by swift shifts in geographical location and linguistic register as it alternates between sensual, imaginative Alexandria and a more pragmatic, austere Rome." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of Sherlock characters __knowledge__ The following is a list and description of the characters of \"Sherlock\", a British television series that started airing on BBC One in July 2010.", "List of Sherlock characters __knowledge__ The series is a contemporary adaptation of the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and was created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss.", "List of Sherlock characters __knowledge__ Louis Oliver and Tom Stoughton portray a young Sherlock Holmes in flashback scenes.", "List of Sherlock characters __knowledge__ William Sherlock Scott Holmes (Benedict Cumberbatch) describes himself initially as \"a consulting detective, the only one in the world\", helping out Scotland Yard when they are out of their depth with cases (usually homicides).", "Android (board game) __knowledge__ Android is an adventure board game designed by Kevin Wilson and Dan Clark, published in 2008 by Fantasy Flight Games.", "Android (board game) __knowledge__ Set in a dystopian future, where the Moon is colonized and androids and clones are real, players take on the roles of murder investigators, investigating a murder within the fictional cities of New Angeles (a fictional future version of Los Angeles, but placed on the equator to accommodate a space elevator) and Heinlein, a colony on the Moon.", "Android (board game) __knowledge__ Players attempt to gain Victory Points by solving the murder, solving the conspiracy, and/or resolving the investigators' personal issues.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes has long been a popular character for pastiche, Holmes-related work by authors and creators other than Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Their works can be grouped into four broad categories: There can be found also many pop culture references to Sherlock Holmes.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ New Sherlock Holmes stories fall into many categories, including: In 1913 the Greek novel \"Sherlock Holmes saving Mr. Venizelos\" (\"Ο Σέρλοκ Χολμς σώζων τον κ. Βενιζέλον\") was serialized in the magazine \"Hellas\".", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Written by an anonymous author, it describes Holmes' attempts to save Eleftherios Venizelos from a Bulgarian organization's assassination plot during the London Conference of 1912–13.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Hercule Poirot (, ; ) is a fictional Belgian detective, created by Agatha Christie.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, appearing in 33 novels, one play (\"Black Coffee\"), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot has been portrayed on radio, in film and on television by various actors, including Austin Trevor, John Moffatt, Albert Finney, Sir Peter Ustinov, Sir Ian Holm, Tony Randall, Alfred Molina, Orson Welles, David Suchet and Sir Kenneth Branagh.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot's name was derived from two other fictional detectives of the time: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank Howel Evans' Monsieur Poiret, a retired Belgian police officer living in London.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ This article features minor characters from the \"Sherlock Holmes\" stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, and from non-canonical derived works.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ Inspector Baynes of the Surrey force appears in the two-part series \"The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge\", named (i) \"The singular experience of Mr John Scott Eccles\", and (ii) \"The Tiger of San Pedro\".", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ He is the only uniformed policeman in the books to have ever matched Sherlock Holmes in his investigative skills.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ In this story, the reader finds that even despite working in different lines, they both arrive at the right conclusion and solve the mystery at the same time.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ A mystery film is a genre of film that revolves around the solution of a problem or a crime.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ It focuses on the efforts of the detective, private investigator or amateur sleuth to solve the mysterious circumstances of an issue by means of clues, investigation, and clever deduction.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ The plot often centers on the deductive ability, prowess, confidence, or diligence of the detective as they attempt to unravel the crime or situation by piecing together clues and circumstances, seeking evidence, interrogating witnesses, and tracking down a criminal.", "Mystery film __knowledge__ Suspense is often maintained as an important plot element.", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ \"Teach the Controversy\" is a campaign, conducted by the Discovery Institute, to promote the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design, a variant of traditional creationism, while attempting to discredit the teaching of evolution in United States public high school science courses.", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ The campaign claims that fairness and equal time require educating students with a 'critical analysis of evolution' where \"the full range of scientific views\", evolution's \"unresolved issues\", and the \"scientific weaknesses of evolutionary theory\" will be presented and evaluated alongside intelligent design concepts like irreducible complexity presented as a scientific argument against evolution through oblique references to books by design proponents listed in the bibliography of the Institute-proposed \"Critical Analysis of Evolution\" lesson plans.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute has conducted a series of related public relations campaigns which seek to promote intelligent design while attempting to discredit evolutionary biology, which the Institute terms \"Darwinism.\"", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute is the driving force behind the pseudoscientific intelligent design movement and the Institute directs the campaigns through its Center for Science and Culture division with guidance from its public relations firm, Creative Response Concepts.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Prominent Institute campaigns have been to 'Teach the Controversy' and to allow 'Critical Analysis of Evolution'.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Other campaigns have claimed that intelligent design advocates (most notably Richard Sternberg) have been discriminated against, and thus that Academic Freedom bills are needed to protect academics' and teachers' ability to criticise evolution, and that there is a link from evolution to ideologies such as Nazism and eugenics.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The Kansas evolution hearings were a series of hearings held in Topeka, Kansas, United States from May 5 to 12, 2005 by the Kansas State Board of Education and its State Board Science Hearing Committee to change how evolution and the origin of life would be taught in the state's public high school science classes.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings were arranged by the Board of Education with the intent of introducing intelligent design into science classes via the Teach the Controversy method.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings raised the issues of creation and evolution in public education and were attended by all the major participants in the intelligent design movement but were ultimately boycotted by the scientific community over concern of lending credibility to the claim, made by proponents of intelligent design, that evolution is purportedly the subject of wide dispute within the scientific and science education communities." ] ]

[ 2, 9, 5, 0 ]

[ "Reading is an important skill that requires knowledge of language, communication, and involves sharing information and ideas. I love to read. Do you?", "SUSPENSE is my favorite. I think because there is such a variety of interpretations that you can explore. No one person will interpret the same text.", "It also requires a bit of critical analysis. I think the same goes for mystery doesn't it? Do you find yourself trying to figure out who did it?", "Are there any characters other than Sherlock that you enjoy reading about?" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Cooking", "I enjoy cooking too but I'm not very good at it.", "I can make basic dishes but most of the stuff I make comes from a box." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Foodie __knowledge__ A foodie is a person who has an ardent or refined interest in food and alcoholic beverages.", "Foodie __knowledge__ A foodie seeks new food experiences as a hobby rather than simply eating out of convenience or hunger.", "Foodie __knowledge__ The terms \"gastronome\", \"gourmand\" and \"epicure\" define the same thing, i.e.", "Foodie __knowledge__ a person who enjoys food for pleasure.", "Foodie __knowledge__ The \"foodie\"—not as elitist as a gourmet, more discriminating than a glutton—was first named in print in the early 1980s.", "Foodie __knowledge__ The term came into use almost simultaneously in the United States and Britain.", "Foodie __knowledge__ Priority goes to Gael Greene, who, in June 1980, wrote in \"New York Magazine\" of a character who \"slips into the small Art Deco dining room of Restaurant d'Olympe ... to graze cheeks with her devotees, serious foodies.\"", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the YTV series \"Storm Hawks\".", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ The fictional universe of \"Storm Hawks\" centers on travel by flight and a variety of geographic locations.", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ As such, some characters are named after weather conditions, birds, or flight-related terms.", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ The Storm Hawks are the primary protagonists of the series.", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ The Storm Hawks took their name from a previous Sky Knight squadron which was taken down by the Dark Ace, the newer one having adopted the name (and their carrier) in their honor.", "List of Storm Hawks characters __knowledge__ In \"Origins\", it is revealed that Aerrow, Piper and Finn are orphans whose families and homes were destroyed by Cyclonians, while Junko was part of a Cyclonian Youth Brigade.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ Élisabeth Brassart (1897–1992) was the proprietress of the Le Cordon Bleu school in Paris from 1945 to 1984.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ Le Cordon Bleu had been founded in 1895 by Marthe Distel and Henri-Paul Pellaprat.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ The present owner, André J. Cointreau, purchased it from Brassart, who was an old family friend.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ Brassart managed to attract many notable chefs to teach at the Le Cordon Bleu under her tenure.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ She was a dedicated, smart, astute businesswoman who gave the school its impeccable international reputation.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ Madame Brassart had an extraordinary vision of the future of cooking.", "Madame Brassart __knowledge__ She understood before anybody that people around the world would enjoy not only their meals but also would enjoy cooking.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ \"NCIS\" is an American police procedural television series, revolving around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which investigates crimes involving the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series was created by Donald P. Bellisario and Don McGill as a backdoor pilot with the season eight episodes \"Ice Queen\" and \"Meltdown\" of \"JAG\".", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series premiered on September 23, 2003 featuring an ensemble cast which has included Mark Harmon, Sasha Alexander, Michael Weatherly, Pauley Perrette, David McCallum, Sean Murray, Cote de Pablo, Lauren Holly, Rocky Carroll, Brian Dietzen, Emily Wickersham, Wilmer Valderrama, Jennifer Esposito, Duane Henry, and Maria Bello.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Katherine O. Musgrave __knowledge__ Katherine L. Ogilvie Musgrave (February 8, 1920 – June 20, 2015) was an American academic, registered dietitian, and nutritional consultant.", "Katherine O. Musgrave __knowledge__ She taught food science and nutrition at the University of Maine from 1969 to 1986, and after her official retirement continued teaching for close to three decades on the university's online continuing education website, educating thousands of students.", "Katherine O. Musgrave __knowledge__ During this time she also worked as a dietitian for three Bangor physicians, conducted nutrition workshops and corporate wellness programs across the state, and appeared on a weekly radio show speaking about healthy living.", "Shamanism __knowledge__ Shamanism is a practice that involves a practitioner reaching altered states of consciousness in order to perceive and interact with a spirit world and channel these transcendental energies into this world.", "Shamanism __knowledge__ A shaman ( or ) is someone who is regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of benevolent and malevolent spirits, who typically enters into a trance state during a ritual, and practices divination and healing.", "Shamanism __knowledge__ The word \"shaman\" probably originates from the Tungusic Evenki language of North Asia.", "Shamanism __knowledge__ According to ethnolinguist Juha Janhunen, \"the word is attested in all of the Tungusic idioms\" such as Negidal, Lamut, Udehe/Orochi, Nanai, Ilcha, Orok, Manchu and Ulcha, and \"nothing seems to contradict the assumption that the meaning 'shaman' also derives from Proto-Tungusic\" and may have roots that extend back in time at least two millennia.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Moral psychology __knowledge__ Moral psychology is a field of study in both philosophy and psychology.", "Moral psychology __knowledge__ Some use the term \"moral psychology\" relatively narrowly to refer to the study of moral development.", "Moral psychology __knowledge__ However, others tend to use the term more broadly to include any topics at the intersection of ethics, psychology, and philosophy of mind.", "Moral psychology __knowledge__ Some of the main topics of the field are moral judgment, moral reasoning, moral sensitivity, moral responsibility, moral motivation, moral identity, moral action, moral development, moral diversity, moral character (especially as related to virtue ethics), altruism, psychological egoism, moral luck, moral forecasting, moral emotion, affective forecasting, and moral disagreement.", "Job interview __knowledge__ A job interview is a one-on-one interview consisting of a conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews are one of the most popularly used devices for employee selection.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews vary in the extent to which the questions are structured, from a totally unstructured and free-wheeling conversation, to a structured interview in which an applicant is asked a predetermined list of questions in a specified order; structured interviews are usually more accurate predictors of which applicants will make good employees, according to research studies.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Nonverbal communication (NVC) between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless clues.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It includes the use of visual cues such as body language (kinesics), distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage) and of touch (haptics).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It can also include chronemics (the use of time) and oculesics (eye contact and the actions of looking while talking and listening, frequency of glances, patterns of fixation, pupil dilation, and blink rate).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Just as speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, rate, pitch, volume, and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation, and stress, so written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese cuisine encompasses the foods and beverages of Vietnam, and features a combination of five fundamental tastes (Vietnamese: \"ngũ vị\") in the overall meal.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Each Vietnamese dish has a distinctive flavor which reflects one or more of these elements.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Common ingredients include fish sauce, shrimp paste, soy sauce, rice, fresh herbs, fruit and vegetables.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese recipes use lemongrass, ginger, mint, Vietnamese mint, long coriander, Saigon cinnamon, bird's eye chili, lime, and Thai basil leaves.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Vietnamese cooking is greatly admired for its fresh ingredients, minimal use of dairy and oil, complementary textures, and reliance on herbs and vegetables.", "Fanny Cradock __knowledge__ Phyllis Nan Sortain Pechey (26 February 1909 – 27 December 1994), better known as Fanny Cradock, was an English restaurant critic, television celebrity chef and writer frequently appearing on television, at cookery demonstrations and in print with Major Johnnie Cradock who played the part of a slightly bumbling hen-pecked husband.", "Fanny Cradock __knowledge__ Cradock's family background was one of respectable middle class trade; her ancestors included the Pecheys (corn merchants and churchmen), the Vallentines (distillers) and the Hulberts (cabinet makers).", "Fanny Cradock __knowledge__ She was the daughter of the novelist and lyricist Archibald Thomas Pechey and Bijou Sortain Hancock.", "Universe (role-playing game) __knowledge__ Universe: The Role-Playing Game of the Future is a science fiction role-playing game published by Simulation Publications, Inc (SPI) from 1981 to 1983.", "Universe (role-playing game) __knowledge__ It was praised for its innovative and tightly organized rules for such sci-fi RPG concerns as generating planets, applying character skills to in-game situations, and resolving the initial moments of alien encounters; however, it was also criticized for its cumbersome encounter/combat system and its lack of compelling background material.", "Universe (role-playing game) __knowledge__ \"Universe\" was also noted for its \"striking\" Interstellar Display, a poster-sized, astronomically accurate map of all stars within 30 light-years of Earth.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX racing is a type of off-road bicycle racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX bicycle races are sprint races on purpose-built off-road single-lap race tracks.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The track usually consists of a starting gate for up to eight racers, a groomed, serpentine, dirt race course made of various jumps and rollers and a finish line.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The course is usually flat, about wide and has large banked corners that help the riders maintain speed.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The sport of BMX racing is facilitated by a number of regional and international sanctioning bodies.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ They provide rules for sanctioning the conduct of the flying, specify age group and skill-level classifications among the racers, and maintain some kind of points-accumulation system over the racing season.", "Tri-Stat dX __knowledge__ Tri-Stat dX is a generic role-playing game system developed and published by Guardians of Order in 2003.", "Tri-Stat dX __knowledge__ Like other generic role-playing game systems, Tri-Stat dX has adaptable rules that can be applied to many genres and settings.", "Tri-Stat dX __knowledge__ Tri-Stat dX's name comes from the system's three main Stats: Mind, Body and Soul.", "Tri-Stat dX __knowledge__ \"dX\" refers to the polyhedral dice used in the game: any of the available die types may be used.", "Tri-Stat dX __knowledge__ It is based on the original Tri-Stat System first introduced in 1999 with the popular \"Big Eyes, Small Mouth\" \"(BESM)\" anime-genre RPG (which used d6 dice), which is now published by White Wolf Publishing, and the superhero-genre RPG \"Silver Age Sentinels\" (which used d10 dice), and now includes a number of related systems and games such as \"Ex Machina\", \"Dreaming Cities\", and \"\" (which uses a variation of the system).", "GURPS __knowledge__ The Generic Universal RolePlaying System, or GURPS, is a tabletop role-playing game system designed to allow for play in any game setting.", "GURPS __knowledge__ It was created by Steve Jackson Games and first published in 1986 at a time when most such systems were story- or genre-specific.", "GURPS __knowledge__ Players control their in-game characters verbally and the success of their actions are determined by the skill of their character, the difficulty of the action, and the rolling of dice.", "GURPS __knowledge__ Characters earn points during play which are used to gain greater abilities.", "GURPS __knowledge__ Gaming sessions are story-told and run by \"Game Masters\" (often referred to as simply \"GMs\").", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ \"The Prince of Tennis\" manga and anime series has a large cast of fictional characters created by Takeshi Konomi; many have appeared in the musical and film adaptations.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The cast of the series is largely made up of the members of the various tennis teams for the schools portrayed in the series, their coaches, and various family members and supporters.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main character of the series is Ryoma Echizen, a 12-year-old tennis prodigy who joins the Seishun Academy tennis team.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main cast is rounded out with the other eight regular players for Seishun, all of whom have various special abilities at playing tennis.", "American Poolplayers Association __knowledge__ The American Association (APA) was founded in 1981 by professional pool players Terry Bell and Larry Hubbart, although with roots dating back to the National Pool League (NPL), founded in 1979.", "American Poolplayers Association __knowledge__ The APA conducts a system of franchised-based local amateur leagues of pool (pocket billiards) competition, including both eight-ball and nine-ball, with a unified APA ruleset.", "American Poolplayers Association __knowledge__ The organization, which has international affiliates in Canada, Japan, and China, hosts regional tournaments the winners of which qualify for APA tournaments played in Las Vegas, Nevada twice annually.", "American Poolplayers Association __knowledge__ In the spring, the APA hosts the APA Poolplayers Championships (formerly known as the National Singles Championships) which features individual and doubles competition.", "Fallout 3 __knowledge__ Fallout 3 is an action role-playing open world video game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks.", "Fallout 3 __knowledge__ The third major installment in the \"Fallout\" series, it is the first game to be created by Bethesda since it bought the franchise from Interplay Entertainment.", "Fallout 3 __knowledge__ The game marks a major shift in the series by using 3D graphics and real-time combat, replacing the 2D isometric graphics and turn-based combat of previous installments.", "Fallout 3 __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in October 2008 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360.", "Fallout 3 __knowledge__ The game is set within a post-apocalyptic, open world environment that encompasses a region consisting of the ruins of Washington, D.C. and much of the countryside to the west of it, referred to as the \"Capital Wasteland\"." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 7 ]

[ "I like to cook. The technique really varies across the world so you can learn a lot from different cultures.", "Well I'm sure you have a little skill. The types of cooking people do really depends on what their skill level is and what training they have had.", "Oh I see. Well I'm sure you can practice some! Cooking goes back a long way, 2 million years ago! I'm sure they didn't know what they were doing either." ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Finance", "Oh, like that movie the Big Short? I know zilch about finance!", "My boyfriend is creepy obsessed with that movie. Like, what's so cool about finance anyway? What's it even about?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments.", "Finance __knowledge__ It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can also be defined as the science of money management.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can be broken into three sub-categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance.", "Finance __knowledge__ Questions in personal finance revolve around: Personal finance may involve paying for education, financing durable goods such as real estate and cars, buying insurance, e.g.", "Finance __knowledge__ health and property insurance, investing and saving for retirement.", "Finance __knowledge__ Personal finance may also involve paying for a loan, or debt obligations.", "Finance __knowledge__ The six key areas of personal financial planning, as suggested by the Financial Planning Standards Board, are: Corporate finance deals with the sources funding and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.", "Finance __knowledge__ Although it is in principle different from managerial finance which studies the financial management of all firms, rather than corporations alone, the main concepts in the study of corporate finance are applicable to the financial problems of all kinds of firms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments.", "Finance __knowledge__ It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can also be defined as the science of money management.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can be broken into three sub-categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance.", "Finance __knowledge__ Questions in personal finance revolve around: Personal finance may involve paying for education, financing durable goods such as real estate and cars, buying insurance, e.g.", "Finance __knowledge__ health and property insurance, investing and saving for retirement.", "Finance __knowledge__ Personal finance may also involve paying for a loan, or debt obligations.", "Finance __knowledge__ The six key areas of personal financial planning, as suggested by the Financial Planning Standards Board, are: Corporate finance deals with the sources funding and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.", "Finance __knowledge__ Although it is in principle different from managerial finance which studies the financial management of all firms, rather than corporations alone, the main concepts in the study of corporate finance are applicable to the financial problems of all kinds of firms.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The Big Short is a 2015 American biographical comedy-drama film directed by Adam McKay and written by McKay and Charles Randolph, based on the 2010 book \"The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine\" by Michael Lewis about the financial crisis of 2007–2008 which was triggered by the United States housing bubble.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Christian Bale, Steve Carell, Ryan Gosling, Brad Pitt, Melissa Leo, Hamish Linklater, John Magaro, Rafe Spall, Jeremy Strong, Finn Wittrock, and Marisa Tomei.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The film is noted for the unconventional techniques it employs to explain complex financial instruments.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ Among others, it features cameo appearances by Margot Robbie, Anthony Bourdain, Selena Gomez and Richard Thaler, who break the fourth wall to explain concepts such as subprime mortgages and collateralized debt obligations as a meta-reference.", "Tijuana bible __knowledge__ Tijuana bibles (also known as eight-pagers, Tillie-and-Mac books, Jiggs-and-Maggie books, jo-jo books, bluesies, blue-bibles, gray-backs, and two-by-fours) were palm-sized pornographic comic books produced in the United States from the 1920s to the early 1960s.", "Tijuana bible __knowledge__ Their popularity peaked during the Great Depression era.", "Tijuana bible __knowledge__ Most Tijuana bibles were obscene parodies of popular newspaper comic strips of the day, such as \"Blondie\", \"Barney Google\", \"Moon Mullins\", \"Popeye\", \"Tillie the Toiler\", \"The Katzenjammer Kids\", \"Dick Tracy\", \"Little Orphan Annie\", and \"Bringing Up Father\".", "Tijuana bible __knowledge__ Others made use of characters based on popular movie stars, and sports stars of the day, such as Mae West, Clark Gable and Joe Louis, sometimes with names thinly changed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ In physics, Zilch is a conserved quantity of the electromagnetic field.", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ Daniel M. Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities then the Maxwell equations imply that which implies that the total \"zilch\" formula_4 is constant (formula_5 is the \"zilch current\").", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ Generalising the result Lipkin found nine related conservation laws, all unrelated to the stress-energy tensor.", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ He named the quantity zilch because of the apparent lack of physical significance.", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ Zilch can also be expressed using the dual electromagnetic tensor formula_6 as formula_7.", "Zilch (electromagnetism) __knowledge__ It was later demonstrated that zilch is part of an infinite number of zilch-like conserved quantities, a general property of free fields.", "Sonicflood __knowledge__ Sonicflood (sometimes stylized as SONICFLOOd) is an American contemporary worship music band from Nashville, Tennessee, that has been touted as \"The Fathers of the Modern Worship Movement.\"", "Sonicflood __knowledge__ The group took the name \"Sonicflood\", a reference to a line in the Book of Revelation, chapter 19, verse 6.", "Sonicflood __knowledge__ They released their debut album at a time when such music was gaining commercial success in the Christian music industry.", "Sonicflood __knowledge__ In turn, their success fed the contemporary worship music genre, expanding its appeal.", "Sonicflood __knowledge__ Since their debut, Sonicflood has sold almost two million albums, and produced top worship hits (often as covers) including \"I Could Sing of Your Love Forever\", \"Resonate\", \"Cry Holy\" and \"Here I am to Worship\".", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ , better known by his stage name hide, was a Japanese musician, singer and songwriter.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ He is primarily known for his work as lead guitarist of the heavy metal band X Japan.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ He was also a successful solo artist and co-founder of the United States-based band Zilch.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ He sold millions of records, both solo and as a member of X Japan.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ X Japan rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s, credited as founders of the Japanese visual kei movement.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ When they disbanded in 1997, hide focused on his solo career which started four years prior and went on to enjoy significant popularity.", "Hide (musician) __knowledge__ At the height of his fame, while recording his third studio album and about to launch an international career with the newly formed Zilch, he died in 1998 of what was ruled a suicide by hanging.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine is a non-fiction book by Michael Lewis about the build-up of the United States housing bubble during the 2000s.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The book was released on March 15, 2010, by W. W. Norton & Company.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ It spent 28 weeks on \"The New York Times\" best-seller list.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ \"The Big Short\" describes several of the main players in the creation of the credit default swap market that sought to bet against the collateralized debt obligation (CDO) bubble and thus ended up profiting from the financial crisis of 2007–08.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The book also highlights the eccentric nature of the type of person who bets against the market or goes against the grain.", "Venture capital __knowledge__ Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both).", "Venture capital __knowledge__ Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equity, or an ownership stake, in the companies they invest in.", "Venture capital __knowledge__ Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful.", "Venture capital __knowledge__ The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), clean technology or biotechnology.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ The history of private equity and venture capital and the development of these asset classes has occurred through a series of boom and bust cycles since the middle of the 20th century.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ Within the broader private equity industry, two distinct sub-industries, leveraged buyouts and venture capital experienced growth along parallel, although interrelated tracks.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ Since the origins of the modern private equity industry in 1946, there have been four major epochs marked by three boom and bust cycles.", "History of private equity and venture capital __knowledge__ The early history of private equity—from 1946 through 1981—was characterized by relatively small volumes of private equity investment, rudimentary firm organizations and limited awareness of and familiarity with the private equity industry.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "Land grabbing __knowledge__ Land grabbing is the contentious issue of large-scale land acquisitions: the buying or leasing of large pieces of land by domestic and transnational companies, governments, and individuals.", "Land grabbing __knowledge__ While used broadly throughout history, land grabbing as used in the 21st century primarily refers to large-scale land acquisitions following the 2007-2008 world food price crisis.", "Land grabbing __knowledge__ Obtaining water resources is usually critical to the land acquisitions, so it has also led to an associated trend of water grabbing.", "Land grabbing __knowledge__ By prompting food security fears within the developed world and new found economic opportunities for agricultural investors, the food price crisis caused a dramatic spike in large-scale agricultural investments, primarily foreign, in the Global South for the purpose of industrial food and biofuels production.", "Foreign relations of India __knowledge__ The Ministry of External Affairs of India (MEA), also known as the Foreign Ministry, is the government agency responsible for the conduct of foreign relations of India.", "Foreign relations of India __knowledge__ India has formal diplomatic relations with most nations; it is the world's second most populous country.", "Foreign relations of India __knowledge__ India is a vast country and is connected to lots of countries for economy, the world's most-populous democracy and the fastest growing major economy.", "Foreign relations of India __knowledge__ With the world's sixth largest military expenditure, third largest armed force, sixth largest economy by nominal rates and third largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity, India is a regional power, a nascent global power and a potential superpower.", "Private equity __knowledge__ Private equity typically refers to investment funds organized as limited partnerships that are not publicly traded and whose investors are typically large institutional investors, university endowments, or wealthy individuals.", "Private equity __knowledge__ Private equity firms are known for their extensive use of debt financing to purchase companies, which they restructure and attempt to resell for a higher value.", "Private equity __knowledge__ Debt financing reduces corporate taxation burdens and is one of the principal ways in which private equity firms make business more profitable for investors.", "Private equity __knowledge__ Private equity might also create value by overcoming agency costs and better aligning the incentives of corporate managers with those of their shareholders.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ China's socialist market economy is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the IMF, although China's National Bureau of Statistic denies this claim.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Until 2015, China was the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10% over 30 years.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Due to historical and political facts of China's developing economy, China's public sector accounts for a bigger share of the national economy than the burgeoning private sector.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ On a per capita income basis, China ranked 71st by GDP (nominal) and 78th by GDP (PPP) in 2016, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments.", "Finance __knowledge__ It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can also be defined as the science of money management.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return.", "Finance __knowledge__ Finance can be broken into three sub-categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance.", "Finance __knowledge__ Questions in personal finance revolve around: Personal finance may involve paying for education, financing durable goods such as real estate and cars, buying insurance, e.g.", "Finance __knowledge__ health and property insurance, investing and saving for retirement.", "Finance __knowledge__ Personal finance may also involve paying for a loan, or debt obligations.", "Finance __knowledge__ The six key areas of personal financial planning, as suggested by the Financial Planning Standards Board, are: Corporate finance deals with the sources funding and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.", "Finance __knowledge__ Although it is in principle different from managerial finance which studies the financial management of all firms, rather than corporations alone, the main concepts in the study of corporate finance are applicable to the financial problems of all kinds of firms.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Orange Is the New Black is an American comedy-drama series created by Jenji Kohan that airs on Netflix.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ It is based on Piper Kerman's memoir, \"\", about her experiences in a women's prison.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ The series' protagonist is Piper Chapman, a woman sentenced to 15 months in a woman's federal prison for her part in a drug smuggling operation ten years before the start of the first season.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ It follows Piper's experiences in and out of prison along with the experiences of a diverse ensemble.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Piper Chapman (played by Taylor Schilling) is a woman who was sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Penitentiary for helping her former girlfriend Alex Vause smuggle drug money in Europe several years before the first episode.", "Aero Designs Pulsar __knowledge__ The Aero Designs Pulsar is an American two-seat, low wing, ultralight aircraft that was designed by Mark Brown and first produced by Aero Designs of San Antonio, Texas, introduced in 1985.", "Aero Designs Pulsar __knowledge__ When it was available the Pulsar was supplied as a ready-to-fly aircraft and as a kitplane for amateur construction.", "Aero Designs Pulsar __knowledge__ The aircraft was later produced by Skystar Aircraft of Nampa, Idaho and then by Pulsar Aircraft of El Monte, California.", "Aero Designs Pulsar __knowledge__ Each subsequent manufacturer introduced new variants.", "Aero Designs Pulsar __knowledge__ The Pulsar was a development of the Star-Lite Aircraft Star Lite and features a cantilever low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration open cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed tricycle landing gear or optionally conventional landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in tractor configuration.", "Aero Designs __knowledge__ Aero Designs was an American aircraft manufacturer based in San Antonio, Texas.", "Aero Designs __knowledge__ The company specialized in the design and manufacture of composite kit aircraft.", "Aero Designs __knowledge__ Its sole design, the Aero Designs Pulsar was later produced by Skystar Aircraft of Nampa, Idaho and then by Pulsar Aircraft of El Monte, California.", "Aero Designs __knowledge__ Each subsequent manufacturer introduced new variants.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The Big Short is a 2015 American biographical comedy-drama film directed by Adam McKay and written by McKay and Charles Randolph, based on the 2010 book \"The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine\" by Michael Lewis about the financial crisis of 2007–2008 which was triggered by the United States housing bubble.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Christian Bale, Steve Carell, Ryan Gosling, Brad Pitt, Melissa Leo, Hamish Linklater, John Magaro, Rafe Spall, Jeremy Strong, Finn Wittrock, and Marisa Tomei.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ The film is noted for the unconventional techniques it employs to explain complex financial instruments.", "The Big Short (film) __knowledge__ Among others, it features cameo appearances by Margot Robbie, Anthony Bourdain, Selena Gomez and Richard Thaler, who break the fourth wall to explain concepts such as subprime mortgages and collateralized debt obligations as a meta-reference.", "Steve Carell __knowledge__ Steven John Carell (; born August 16, 1962) is an American actor, comedian, producer, writer and director.", "Steve Carell __knowledge__ Carell is best known for playing Michael Scott on the American version of \"The Office\" (2005–2013), on which he also worked as an occasional producer, writer and director.", "Steve Carell __knowledge__ Carell was a correspondent on \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\" from 1999 to 2005.", "Steve Carell __knowledge__ He starred in \"\" (2004), \"The 40-Year-Old Virgin\" (2005), \"Evan Almighty\" (2007), \"Get Smart\" (2008), \"Crazy, Stupid, Love\" (2011), \"The Incredible Burt Wonderstone\" and \"The Way, Way Back\" (both 2013).", "Steve Carell __knowledge__ He has also voice-acted in \"Over the Hedge\" (2006), \"Horton Hears a Who!\"", "Christian Bale __knowledge__ Christian Charles Philip Bale (born 30 January 1974) is a British actor.", "Christian Bale __knowledge__ He has starred both in blockbuster films and smaller projects from independent producers and art houses.", "Christian Bale __knowledge__ Bale first caught the public eye at the age of 13, when he was cast in the starring role of Steven Spielberg's \"Empire of the Sun\" (1987).", "Christian Bale __knowledge__ Based on the original story by J. G. Ballard, Bale played an English boy who is separated from his parents and subsequently finds himself lost in a Japanese internment camp during World War II.", "Christian Bale __knowledge__ In 2000, he garnered critical acclaim for his portrayal of serial killer Patrick Bateman in \"American Psycho\".", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ This is a list of recurring segments featured on \"The Daily Show\".", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ This list is incomplete for \"The Daily Show with Craig Kilborn\" and \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\".", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ During \"The Daily Show\"s first ten years, a significant part of its airtime was devoted to different branded recurring segments, usually hosted by the show's correspondents.", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ After the 2005 launch of \"The Colbert Report\", which was largely made up of different recurring segments, the time devoted to such segments on \"The Daily Show\" has declined.", "List of The Daily Show recurring segments __knowledge__ Normal commentary segments about ongoing news stories can also have recurring titles to help sort them and talk about continuation.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24, 2005, to May 16, 2013.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the original BBC series of the same name.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for \"Saturday Night Live\", \"King of the Hill\", and \"The Simpsons\".", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It was co-produced by Daniels' Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions (later Shine America), in association with Universal Television.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons.", "Goodbye, Michael __knowledge__ \"Goodbye, Michael\", also known as \"Goodbye Michael Scott\", is the twenty-second episode of the seventh season of the American comedy series \"The Office\" and the show's 148th episode overall.", "Goodbye, Michael __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC in the United States on April 28, 2011.", "Goodbye, Michael __knowledge__ In the episode, Michael prepares to leave for Colorado with Holly, and spends his last day in the office saying goodbye to everyone individually, wanting no drama to ensue.", "Goodbye, Michael __knowledge__ Meanwhile, new manager Deangelo and Andy try to keep Michael's biggest clients.", "Goodbye, Michael __knowledge__ The episode was written by series developer and executive producer Greg Daniels and was directed by Paul Feig.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine is a non-fiction book by Michael Lewis about the build-up of the United States housing bubble during the 2000s.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The book was released on March 15, 2010, by W. W. Norton & Company.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ It spent 28 weeks on \"The New York Times\" best-seller list.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ \"The Big Short\" describes several of the main players in the creation of the credit default swap market that sought to bet against the collateralized debt obligation (CDO) bubble and thus ended up profiting from the financial crisis of 2007–08.", "The Big Short __knowledge__ The book also highlights the eccentric nature of the type of person who bets against the market or goes against the grain." ] ]

[ 1, 12, 2 ]

[ "I have always been interested in finance. It is the field that deals with investments.", "Yes, exactly. The Big Short starred Christian Bale and Steve Carell.", "Finance includes the relationship of assets and liabilities and measures degrees of uncertainty and risk." ]

[ "Finance", "Finance", "Finance" ]

[ "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Yes i read that book in high school but I don't really remember much about it.", "I think it was about the government having control over people wasn't it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ James Patrick Page, (born 9 January 1944) is an English musician, songwriter, and record producer who achieved international success as the guitarist and founder of the rock band Led Zeppelin.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ Page began his career as a studio session musician in London and, by the mid-1960s, alongside Big Jim Sullivan, was one of the most sought-after session guitarists in Britain.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ He was a member of the Yardbirds from 1966 to 1968.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ In late 1968, he founded Led Zeppelin.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ Page is widely considered to be one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time.", "Jimmy Page __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine has described Page as \"the pontiff of power riffing\" and ranked him number 3 in their list of the \"100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time.\"", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ This article contains cast and character information for the ABS-CBN Philippine action drama television soap opera Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ 2nd Lt. Alexander \"Xander\" S. Del Tierro (Coco Martin) He comes from a prominent family with a strong military background.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has a domineering grandfather who is one of the country's feared generals, a manipulative mother solely devoted to pleasing her father, her husband but not her own son, and a father who is a respected military officer and the only one who truly understands him.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has consistently refused to join the military academy, but one major mistake made him decide otherwise.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ \"The World God Only Knows\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Tamiki Wakaki.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ The main protagonist is Keima Katsuragi, a video game player who teams up with Elsie, a Spirit Hunter Demon, to capture spirits hiding in girls at his high school, Maijima High.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ Fourteen of the characters were named after stations in the Kintetsu train system.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ In September 2014, Kintetsu had a promotion where they issued special tickets bearing the characters' images.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ , a 17-year-old high school student at Maijima Academy, is known on the Internet and in gaming circles as because of his exceptional skills and experience in \"capturing\" (winning over) virtual girls in dating sims and However, in real life, he is called (a portmanteau of and ), where he immerses himself in the game world and declares that he is only attracted to the virtual games within it.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, army officer and writer, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Over the course of his career as a Member of Parliament (MP), he represented five constituencies in both England and Scotland.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ During his time as Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to an allied victory in the Second World War.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ He was Conservative Party leader from 1940 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ In 1953, Churchill won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his lifetime body of work, the prize cited \"his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values\".", "Rewrite (visual novel) __knowledge__ The gameplay in \"Rewrite\" follows an interactive branching plot line with multiple scenarios, and focuses on the player character gaining the favor of the six female main characters.", "Rewrite (visual novel) __knowledge__ There are additional minigames and quests added into the gameplay, which are necessary to complete the game.", "Rewrite (visual novel) __knowledge__ The game ranked as the best-selling PC game sold in Japan for the time of its release, and charted in the national top 50 twice more afterwards.", "Rewrite (visual novel) __knowledge__ There have been five manga adaptations based on \"Rewrite\" published by ASCII Media Works and Ichijinsha.", "Rewrite (visual novel) __knowledge__ Comic anthologies, light novels and an art book were also published, as were several music albums.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ Randolph Frederick Edward Spencer-Churchill (28 May 1911 – 6 June 1968) was a journalist and a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Preston from 1940 to 1945.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ He was the son of British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill and his wife, Clementine Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ He wrote the first two volumes of the official life of his father, complemented by an extensive archive of materials.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ His first wife (1939–46) was Pamela Digby; their son, Winston, followed his father into Parliament.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ Randolph Churchill was born at his parents' house at Eccleston Square, on 28 May 1911.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ His parents nicknamed him \"the Chumbolly\" before he was born.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Românul __knowledge__ Românul (, meaning \"The Romanian\"; originally spelled Romanulu or Românulŭ, also known as \"Romînul\", \"Concordia\", \"Libertatea\" and \"Consciinti'a Nationala\"), was a political and literary newspaper published in Bucharest, Romania, from 1857 to 1905.", "Românul __knowledge__ Established as the leading voice of Romanian liberalism (the \"Red\" faction) in the state of Wallachia, it had direct connections to the radical ideology of Western Europe.", "Românul __knowledge__ Its founder and director was the aristocrat C. A. Rosetti, known as Romantic poet, Masonic promoter and left-wing activist, seconded by the brothers Ion C. Brătianu and Dimitrie Brătianu.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 1980 and December 1989.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Julia Newman first appeared in February 1980 along with Victor Newman (Eric Braeden).", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Meg Bennett until 1981, with reprise appearances from 1982 to 1984, 1986 to 1987, and lastly from March 1 to September 3, 2002.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ History On June 13, 1970, Julia and businessman Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) were married.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Ten years later, she and Victor moved to Genoa City so that he could help run Chancellor Industries for Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The political positions of Ron Paul (L-TX), United States presidential candidate in 1988, 2008, and 2012, are generally described as libertarian, but have also been labeled conservative and constitutionalist.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ and Paul's nickname \"Dr. No\" reflects both his medical degree and his assertion that he will \"never vote for legislation unless the proposed measure is expressly authorized by the Constitution\".", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ This position has frequently resulted in Paul casting the sole \"no\" vote against proposed legislation.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The central tenet of Paul's political philosophy is that \"the proper role for government in America is to provide national defense, a court system for civil disputes, a criminal justice system for acts of force and fraud, and little else.\"", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ He is best known for the allegorical novella \"Animal Farm\" (1945) and the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949).", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His non-fiction works, including \"The Road to Wigan Pier\" (1937), documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England, and \"Homage to Catalonia\" (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, are widely acclaimed, as are his essays on politics, literature, language, and culture.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ The bibliography of George Orwell includes journalism, essays, novels and non-fiction books written by the British writer Eric Blair (1903–50), either under his own name or, more usually, under his pen name George Orwell.", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ Orwell was a prolific writer on topics related to contemporary English society and literary criticism, whom the British newsweekly \"The Economist\" in 2008 declared \"perhaps the 20th century's best chronicler of English culture.\"", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ His non-fiction cultural and political criticism constitutes the majority of his work, but Orwell also wrote in several genres of fictional literature.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ We () is a dystopian novel by Russian writer Yevgeny Zamyatin, completed in 1921.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ The novel was first published in 1924 by E. P. Dutton in New York in an English translation by Gregory Zilboorg.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ The novel describes a world of harmony and conformity within a united totalitarian state.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ \"We\" is set in the future.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ D-503, a spacecraft engineer, lives in the One State, an urban nation constructed almost entirely of glass, which assists mass surveillance.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ The structure of the state is Panopticon-like, and life is scientifically managed F. W. Taylor-style.", "We (novel) __knowledge__ People march in step with each other and are uniformed.", "British literature __knowledge__ British literature is literature in the English language from the United Kingdom, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands.", "British literature __knowledge__ Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature is included, and there is some discussion of Latin and Anglo-Norman literature, where literature in these languages relate to the early development of the English language and literature.", "British literature __knowledge__ There is also some brief discussion of major figures who wrote in Scots, but the main discussion is in the various Scottish literature articles.", "British literature __knowledge__ The article Literature in the other languages of Britain focusses on the literatures written in the other languages that are, and have been, used in Britain.", "Down and Out in Paris and London __knowledge__ Down and Out in Paris and London is the first full-length work by the English author George Orwell, published in 1933.", "Down and Out in Paris and London __knowledge__ It is a memoir in two parts on the theme of poverty in the two cities.", "Down and Out in Paris and London __knowledge__ The first part is an account of living in near-destitution in Paris and the experience of casual labour in restaurant kitchens.", "Down and Out in Paris and London __knowledge__ The second part is a travelogue of life on the road in and around London from the tramp's perspective, with descriptions of the types of hostel accommodation available and some of the characters to be found living on the margins.", "Down and Out in Paris and London __knowledge__ After giving up his post as a policeman in Burma to become a writer, Orwell moved to rooms in Portobello Road, London at the end of 1927 when he was 24." ] ]

[ 10, 1, 13 ]

[ "Have you read 1984? The character, Winston, has a job to rewrite past newspaper articles so that the records always support the Party's agenda.", "It's a dystopian novel by English author George Orwell.", "Yes. It reminds me a little of today's think tanks funded by governments that derive revenue from research work related to their projects." ]

[ "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Nineteen Eighty-Four" ]

[ "Manicure\nI need to get me a new manicure my nails look terrible.", "I always go to the nail salon, They have a very nice place across town.", "I have never done that but everytime I got they massage your hands.", "They have lots of establishments that offer it now. I think i want mine french tipped .", "French Tip is were the tip is polished white." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon.", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure consists of filing and shaping the \"free edge\", pushing and clipping (with a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers) any nonliving tissue (but limited to the cuticle and hangnails), treatments with various liquids, massage of the hand, and the application of fingernail polish.", "Manicure __knowledge__ When the same is applied to the toenails and feet, the treatment is referred to as a pedicure.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Some manicures include painting pictures or designs on the nails, or applying small decals or imitation jewels.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Other nail treatments may include the application of artificial gel nails, tips, or acrylics, which may be referred to as \"French manicures\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulations.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Therefore, having proper sanitation can be a serious issue.", "Manicure __knowledge__ The English word \"manicure\" comes from the French word \"manucure\", meaning \"care of the hands\", which in turn originates from the Latin words \"manus\", for \"hand\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ Similarly, the English word \"pedicure\" comes from the Latin words \"ped\", for \"foot\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Nail art __knowledge__ Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ It is a type of artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.", "Nail art __knowledge__ A manicure and a pedicure are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nail.", "Nail art __knowledge__ Often these procedures remove the cuticles and soften the skin around the nails.", "Nail art __knowledge__ The exact origin of nail treatments is unclear, since it appears to have originated in different parts of the world around the same time.", "Nail art __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt, from 5000 B.C.", "Nail art __knowledge__ to 3000 B.C., women would dye their nails with henna to indicate social status and seductiveness.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ A nail is a horn-like envelope covering the tips of the fingers and toes in most primates and a few other mammals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ Nails are similar to claws in other animals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough protective protein called alpha-keratin.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ This protein is also found in the hooves and horns of different animals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ The nail consists of the nail plate, the nail matrix and the nail bed below it, and the grooves surrounding it.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ The matrix, sometimes called the \"matrix unguis\", keratogenous membrane, nail matrix, or onychostroma, is the tissue (or germinal matrix) which the nail protects.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ It is the part of the nail bed that is beneath the nail and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Kong: The Animated Series __knowledge__ Kong: The Animated Series is an American-Canadian television series for children that follows King Kong, the monster of the 1933 film of the same name.", "Kong: The Animated Series __knowledge__ \"Kong\" was created to compete with \"\", and first aired on BKN in 2000.", "Kong: The Animated Series __knowledge__ In May 2001, Fox Kids began airing reruns of the first 13 episodes.", "Kong: The Animated Series __knowledge__ Then, Jetix began airing reruns on September 9, 2005, as a prelude to the release of Peter Jackson's \"King Kong\".", "Kong: The Animated Series __knowledge__ Additionally, two direct-to-DVD movies based on the series were released: \"Kong: King of Atlantis\", where Kong fights to save the mythic island from a vicious snake sorceress (and which also contains three musical numbers; the only Kong film to do so) in 2005 and \"Kong: Return to the Jungle\", where poachers capture Kong and other animals from his island to sell to a zoo, in 2007.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ There are two types of gel, hard gel and soft gel.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Hard gel gets its name because, once cured, it is tough enough to be made into a nail extension.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Nail extensions are artificial nails created by using a nail product to extend the nail past the edge of the natural nail.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Soft gel refers to the gel products that are too soft to create a nail extension.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ This includes gel polishes and thicker gels meant for gel-overlay services.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Gel polishes are used for the increasingly popular gel polish manicures.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ These manicures, when done by caring, experienced, and trained professionals, are gentle to the natural nail and the polish stays intact on the nail for at least a couple of weeks with high shine and no cracking, peeling or chipping." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon.", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure consists of filing and shaping the \"free edge\", pushing and clipping (with a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers) any nonliving tissue (but limited to the cuticle and hangnails), treatments with various liquids, massage of the hand, and the application of fingernail polish.", "Manicure __knowledge__ When the same is applied to the toenails and feet, the treatment is referred to as a pedicure.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Some manicures include painting pictures or designs on the nails, or applying small decals or imitation jewels.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Other nail treatments may include the application of artificial gel nails, tips, or acrylics, which may be referred to as \"French manicures\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulations.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Therefore, having proper sanitation can be a serious issue.", "Manicure __knowledge__ The English word \"manicure\" comes from the French word \"manucure\", meaning \"care of the hands\", which in turn originates from the Latin words \"manus\", for \"hand\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ Similarly, the English word \"pedicure\" comes from the Latin words \"ped\", for \"foot\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Nail salon __knowledge__ A nail salon or nail bar is a specialty beauty salon establishment that primarily offers nail care services such as manicures, pedicures, and nail enhancements.", "Nail salon __knowledge__ Often, nail salons also offer skin care services.Manicures are also offered by general beauty salons, spas and hotels.", "Nail salon __knowledge__ People who work at nail salons are usually called \"nail technicians or manicurists or 'Nailists' (the well-known appellation of nail technicians in Japan and some Southeast Asian countries).\"", "Nail salon __knowledge__ Nail salons offer a variation of options for nail care.", "Nail salon __knowledge__ This includes acrylics, silk or fiberglass wraps, French manicures, polish, pedicures, etc.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ Sarah Maslin Nir (born March 23, 1983) is an American journalist, best known for her discredited \"New York Times\" report on the working conditions of nail salon workers.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ The story generated both extensive regulatory changes and extensive criticism.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ The daughter of psychiatrist Yehuda Nir and psychologist Bonnie Maslin, Nir was born and grew up in Manhattan, attending Brearley School.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ Her brother David Nir is (as of 2014) the political director of Daily Kos.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ Sarah Maslin Nir graduated from Columbia College in 2005, majoring in political science and philosophy.", "Sarah Maslin Nir __knowledge__ As an undergraduate, she was the Style Editor of the \"Columbia Daily Spectator\".", "Carlos Rolón __knowledge__ Carlos Rolón (born 1970), also known professionally as Carlos Rolón/Dzine or under the pseudonym Dzine, is an American contemporary visual artist of Puerto Rican descent.", "Carlos Rolón __knowledge__ Rolón’s work has been shown at museums and galleries internationally, including the Bass Museum of Art, Miami, Marta Herford Museum, Germany, Museo de Arte de Ponce, Puerto Rico and the 2007 Venice Biennale.", "Carlos Rolón __knowledge__ Carlos Rolón was born and raised in Chicago, where he still lives and works.", "Carlos Rolón __knowledge__ Rolón attended Columbia College Chicago in 1989, with a concentration in painting and drawing.", "Carlos Rolón __knowledge__ His early career was heavily influenced by early New York City street, hip hop, disco and punk culture of the 1980s.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ Ronald Tae Sok Kim (born May 2, 1979) is an American politician from New York City.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ He serves in the New York State Assembly representing the 40th District, which includes portions of Whitestone, Flushing and Murray Hill.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ First elected in November 2012, Kim became the first and only Korean American ever elected in New York State.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ Speaker Carl Heastie appointed him as Secretary of the Majority Conference of the New York State Assembly in January 2017.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ Kim comes from a Korean American family that moved to Queens when he was 7.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ He is the only child of Seo Jun Kim and Sun Hee Kim.", "Ron Kim (politician) __knowledge__ Raised in Flushing, Kim graduated from the Riverdale Country Day School in 1997, and was captain of the football and track teams.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ Tyler Perry's I Can Do Bad All by Myself is a 1999 play directed by, written by, and starring Tyler Perry.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ The play marks for the first official appearance of the well-known fictional character Madea, who is portrayed by Perry.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ Vivanne Griffin, who is settling a divorce with her ex-husband Anthony Griffin – a successful stock broker, has moved in with her grandmother, Mable \"Madea\" Simmons.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ Madea didn’t like Anthony at all.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ Madea just got home from the hospital because she is diabetic.", "I Can Do Bad All by Myself (play) __knowledge__ Another person Madea is helping out is Bobby Mitchell, a total stranger who just got out of doing 12 years in prison for possession of drug paraphernalia – even though, according to him, it was his two older brothers and since he was the youngest they told him to say it was his and he did." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon.", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure consists of filing and shaping the \"free edge\", pushing and clipping (with a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers) any nonliving tissue (but limited to the cuticle and hangnails), treatments with various liquids, massage of the hand, and the application of fingernail polish.", "Manicure __knowledge__ When the same is applied to the toenails and feet, the treatment is referred to as a pedicure.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Some manicures include painting pictures or designs on the nails, or applying small decals or imitation jewels.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Other nail treatments may include the application of artificial gel nails, tips, or acrylics, which may be referred to as \"French manicures\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulations.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Therefore, having proper sanitation can be a serious issue.", "Manicure __knowledge__ The English word \"manicure\" comes from the French word \"manucure\", meaning \"care of the hands\", which in turn originates from the Latin words \"manus\", for \"hand\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ Similarly, the English word \"pedicure\" comes from the Latin words \"ped\", for \"foot\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Everytime __knowledge__ \"Everytime\" is a song by American recording artist Britney Spears, taken from her fourth studio album, \"In the Zone\" (2003).", "Everytime __knowledge__ It was released on May 10, 2004 by Jive Records as the third single from the album.", "Everytime __knowledge__ After her relationship with American singer Justin Timberlake ended in 2002, she made friends with her backing vocalist Annet Artani.", "Everytime __knowledge__ They started writing songs together at Spears's house in Los Angeles, and then traveled to Lombardy, Italy, where \"Everytime\" was written.", "Everytime __knowledge__ Spears composed the music and she developed the lyrics with Artani.", "Everytime __knowledge__ According to Artani, the song was written as a response to Timberlake's 2002 song \"Cry Me a River\".", "Massage __knowledge__ Massage is to work and act on the body with pressure.", "Massage __knowledge__ Massage techniques are commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearm, feet, or a device.", "Massage __knowledge__ The purpose of massage is generally for the treatment of stress or pain.", "Massage __knowledge__ In professional settings, clients are treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor.", "Massage __knowledge__ In amateur settings, a general purpose surface like a bed or the floor is more common.", "Massage __knowledge__ Aquatic massage and bodywork is performed with recipients submersed or floating in a warm-water therapy pool.", "Massage __knowledge__ The word comes from the French \"massage\" \"friction of kneading\", or from the Arabic word \"massa\" meaning \"to touch, feel\" or from Latin \"massa\" meaning \"mass, dough\", cf.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ In the Zone is the fourth studio album by American singer Britney Spears.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ It was released on November 12, 2003 through Jive Records.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Its music incorporates dance, house, reggae, trip hop, and hip hop styles with instrumentation from guitars, drums, synthesizers, strings, and Middle Eastern musical instruments.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Its themes range from love, dancing, empowerment, and in the case of songs such as \"Touch of My Hand\", sex and masturbation.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including Bloodshy & Avant, R. Kelly, Trixster, Moby, Guy Sigsworth and The Matrix.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ With the conclusion of the Dream Within a Dream Tour in July 2002 and the end of her relationship with Justin Timberlake, Spears planned to take a six-month break from her career; however, work for \"In the Zone\" began later that November.", "Everytime We Touch (Cascada song) __knowledge__ “Everytime We Touch” is a cover song performed by the German Eurodance recording trio Cascada, taken from their 2006 debut album of the same name.", "Everytime We Touch (Cascada song) __knowledge__ It was written, composed, and produced by the band's DJs, Manian and Yanou; however, the only writing/composing credits were given to Maggie Reilly, Stuart Mackilliop, and Peter Risavy, as the song borrows the chorus from Reilly's single of the same name.", "Everytime We Touch (Cascada song) __knowledge__ \"Everytime We Touch\" was first released in the United States on August 16, 2005 by Robbins Entertainment.", "Everytime We Touch (Cascada song) __knowledge__ It was later released internationally in association with other dance music labels including Zooland Records and All Around the World and Universal Music Group following its success in the United States.", "History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation __knowledge__ Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also known by the acronym CPR is an emergency procedure performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.", "History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation __knowledge__ It is a basic but proven first aid skill, practiced throughout the world.", "History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation __knowledge__ It is an effective method of keeping a victim of cardiac arrest alive long enough for definitive treatment to be delivered (usually defibrillation and intravenous cardiac drugs).", "History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation __knowledge__ Prior to the inception of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, there had been some techniques to keep people alive developed in the 18th century, both in Japan and in Europe, however it was not until the mid-20th century that James Elam and Peter Safar discovered and published the method now known as CPR.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ A massage parlor (American English), or massage parlour (British English), is a place where massage services are provided.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ Some massage parlors are fronts for prostitution and the term \"massage parlor\" has also become a euphemism for a brothel, to the annoyance of professional masseurs.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ The term \"massage parlour\" (British English) or \"massage parlor\" (American English) refers to a front for prostitution, and was popularized in what is known as \"the Massage Scandals of 1894\".", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ In 1894 the British Medical Association (BMA) inquired into the education and practice of massage practitioners in London, and found that prostitution was commonly associated with unskilled workers and debt, often working with forged qualifications.", "Sobada __knowledge__ Sobada is a therapeutic massage that was developed in the Yucatan.", "Sobada __knowledge__ Sobada is divided into two general categories.", "Sobada __knowledge__ One type of sobada, which is done by midwives, helps with the reproductive cycle when a woman is pregnant.", "Sobada __knowledge__ The second type of sobada, which is performed by los sobadores, or people who specialize in sobada, helps to reposition organs or parts of the body that are considered out of place.", "Sobada __knowledge__ Sobada is part of the system of values and is part of the local language.", "Sobada __knowledge__ There is a known difference between what sobada is and what a light massage is.", "Sobada __knowledge__ Sobada is done by the midwife to her pregnant patient during various prenatal visits.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon.", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure consists of filing and shaping the \"free edge\", pushing and clipping (with a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers) any nonliving tissue (but limited to the cuticle and hangnails), treatments with various liquids, massage of the hand, and the application of fingernail polish.", "Manicure __knowledge__ When the same is applied to the toenails and feet, the treatment is referred to as a pedicure.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Some manicures include painting pictures or designs on the nails, or applying small decals or imitation jewels.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Other nail treatments may include the application of artificial gel nails, tips, or acrylics, which may be referred to as \"French manicures\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulations.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Therefore, having proper sanitation can be a serious issue.", "Manicure __knowledge__ The English word \"manicure\" comes from the French word \"manucure\", meaning \"care of the hands\", which in turn originates from the Latin words \"manus\", for \"hand\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ Similarly, the English word \"pedicure\" comes from the Latin words \"ped\", for \"foot\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ Peppiatt and Aylesworth were Canada's original television comedy team.", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ The team consisted of Frank Peppiatt (March 19, 1927 – November 7, 2012) and John Aylesworth (August 18, 1928 – July 28, 2010).", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ John Aylesworth was born on August 18, 1928, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and performed on radio as a child.", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ He left high school before graduating and went into the advertising business as a writer, working together with Frank Peppiatt.", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ Frank Peppiatt was born to Frank and Sarah Peppiatt in Toronto, Ontario, on March 19, 1927.", "Peppiatt and Aylesworth __knowledge__ He attended the University of Toronto, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1949.", "Michael Peppiatt __knowledge__ Michael Peppiatt is an English art historian, curator and writer.", "Michael Peppiatt __knowledge__ Peppiatt studied at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, graduating in 1964, and joining \"The Observer\" as a junior art critic.", "Michael Peppiatt __knowledge__ He then went to Paris to take up an editorial job at \"Réalités\" magazine, where he remained until 1969, when he was appointed arts editor at Le Monde.", "Michael Peppiatt __knowledge__ In the mid-1970s he began reporting on cultural events across Europe for \"The New York Times\" and \"The Financial Times\", becoming Paris correspondent for several art magazines, notably \"Art News\" and \"Art International\".", "Michael Peppiatt __knowledge__ In 1985, Peppiatt became owner and editor of \"Art International\", which he relaunched from Paris, devoting special issues to the artists he most admired.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ Frank Peppiatt (March 19, 1927 – November 7, 2012) was a Canadian (naturalized American) television producer and screenwriter, considered a pioneer of the variety show genre.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ His credits included \"The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour\".", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ Most notably, co-created the variety show, \"Hee Haw\", in 1969 with John Aylesworth.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ Peppiatt was born to Frank and Sarah Peppiatt in Toronto, Ontario, on March 19, 1927.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ He attended the University of Toronto, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1949.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ He took a job with his Toronto classmate, Norman Jewison, after college working on college stage productions.", "Frank Peppiatt __knowledge__ Peppiatt then worked as an advertising copywriter, which led to an entry-level position with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "John Aylesworth __knowledge__ John Bansley Aylesworth (August 18, 1928 – July 28, 2010) was a Canadian television writer, producer, comedian, and actor, best known as co-creator of the American country music television variety show \"Hee Haw\", which appeared on network television for two years and then ran for decades in first-run syndication.", "John Aylesworth __knowledge__ The son of Fredrick and Marie Aylesworth, Aylesworth was born on August 18, 1928, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and performed on radio as a child.", "John Aylesworth __knowledge__ He left high school before graduating and went into the advertising business as a writer, working together with Frank Peppiatt.", "John Aylesworth __knowledge__ His wife recalled that they \"were total cutups at the agency\" and were approached by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation based on their reputation to write sketches for the late night variety program \"After Hours\".", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ \"Renaissance Man,\" Rick Altizer, is a film director, recording artist, music producer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and radio show host.", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ Rick recently directed the number two movie in America the night of its release (April 25, 2017), \"Chonda Pierce - Enough.\"", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ Rick also co-wrote, co-edited, filmed, and composed the film score to the movie.", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ In 2015 he also wrote and directed, \"Chonda Pierce - Laughing in the Dark.\"", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ That movie was the number five movie in America the night of its release.", "Rick Altizer __knowledge__ \"Laughing in the Dark\" also won for Best Feature Documentary in the Park City International Film Festival.", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ Margret RoadKnight (born July 1943) is an Australian singer.", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than five decades, she has sung in a wide variety of styles including blues, jazz, gospel, comedy, cabaret, and folk.", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ In January 1976 she released a cover version of Bob Hudson's album track, \"Girls in Our Town\", as a single, which reached the Kent Music Report Singles Chart Top40.", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ Margret RoadKnight was born in July 1943 in Melbourne.", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ She had no formal singing lessons, \"harmonizing with my mother and sister while we did the housework that sort of thing and the usual school choir and church choir.\"", "Margret RoadKnight __knowledge__ For her secondary education RoadKnight attended Santa Maria Ladies College, Northcote.", "Kenneth Peppiatt __knowledge__ Major Sir Kenneth Oswald Peppiatt KBE, MC and Bar, (25 March 1893 – 12 May 1983) was the Chief Cashier of the Bank of England from 1934 to 1949.", "Kenneth Peppiatt __knowledge__ Peppiatt was replaced as Chief Cashier by Percival Beale.", "Kenneth Peppiatt __knowledge__ Kenneth Peppiatt attended Bancroft's School and served with the 1/7th and later 2/7th Battalions of the 7th (City of London) Battalion, London Regiment during World War I and was second-in-command of the battalion in 1920.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ A massage parlor (American English), or massage parlour (British English), is a place where massage services are provided.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ Some massage parlors are fronts for prostitution and the term \"massage parlor\" has also become a euphemism for a brothel, to the annoyance of professional masseurs.", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ The term \"massage parlour\" (British English) or \"massage parlor\" (American English) refers to a front for prostitution, and was popularized in what is known as \"the Massage Scandals of 1894\".", "Massage parlor __knowledge__ In 1894 the British Medical Association (BMA) inquired into the education and practice of massage practitioners in London, and found that prostitution was commonly associated with unskilled workers and debt, often working with forged qualifications.", "Erotic massage __knowledge__ Erotic massage or sensuous massage is the use of massage techniques by a person on another person's erogenous zones to achieve or enhance their sexual excitation or arousal and to achieve orgasm.", "Erotic massage __knowledge__ Massages have been used for medical purposes for a very long time, and their use for erotic purposes also has a long history.", "Erotic massage __knowledge__ In the case of women, the two focal areas are the breasts and pubis, while in case of men, the focal area is the male genitals.", "Erotic massage __knowledge__ When the massage is of a partner's genitals, the act is usually referred to as mutual masturbation.", "Erotic massage __knowledge__ Today, erotic massage is used by some people on occasion as a part of sex, either as foreplay or as the final sex act, or as part of sex therapy.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ Massage Parlor Murders is a 1973 exploitation horror film directed by Chester Fox and Alex Stevens.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sandra Peabody, George Spencer, John Moser and George Dzundza.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ The film is about a killer that starts killing the staff of New York’s massage parlors.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ Despite having a successful run in the grindhouse circuit, the film nearly became a lost film and didn't have a home video release until 2013.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ Detective Rizotti and his partner Detective O' Mara begin investigating the mysterious murders that have recently started happening in the red light district of New York's massage parlors.", "Massage Parlor Murders (film) __knowledge__ After Rosie, a girl that Detective Rizotti visited often at the massage parlor is murdered, Detective O' Mara goes to talk to Rosie' s roommate Gwen, whom O'Mara eventually becomes romantically involved with.", "Prostitution in the United States __knowledge__ Prostitution is illegal in the vast majority of the United States as a result of state laws rather than federal laws.", "Prostitution in the United States __knowledge__ It is, however, legal in some rural counties within the state of Nevada.", "Prostitution in the United States __knowledge__ Prostitution nevertheless occurs throughout the country.", "Prostitution in the United States __knowledge__ The regulation of prostitution in the country is not among the enumerated powers of the federal government.", "Prostitution in the United States __knowledge__ It is therefore exclusively the domain of the states to permit, prohibit, or otherwise regulate commercial sex under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, except insofar as Congress may regulate it as part of interstate commerce with laws like the Mann Act.", "Handjob __knowledge__ A handjob is the manual stimulation of a male's penis or scrotum by another person to induce sexual pleasure, sometimes resulting in orgasm.", "Handjob __knowledge__ The manual stimulation of a female's vagina, clitoris or rest of the vulva is fingering, while the manual stimulation of the genitals performed between two people is mutual masturbation.", "Handjob __knowledge__ For circumcised males, lubrication is commonly used, while in uncircumcised males a hand job is performed by moving the foreskin back and forth.", "Handjob __knowledge__ In massage parlours a masseuse, whether as part of the massage itself or directly after it, may perform a handjob on their customer; this is known by the euphemism \"happy ending\".", "Chuwit Kamolvisit __knowledge__ Chuwit Kamolvisit (; ; 29 August 1961 – ) is a controversial Thai politician who was once the country's biggest massage parlour owner, known as the \"tub tycoon\".", "Chuwit Kamolvisit __knowledge__ After an arrest in 2003, he publicly claimed that he paid large bribes to many Thai police officers.", "Chuwit Kamolvisit __knowledge__ He then sold some of his massage parlors, formed his own political party and unsuccessfully ran for Bangkok governor in August 2004.", "Chuwit Kamolvisit __knowledge__ In 2005 he was elected for a four-year term to the Thai House of Representatives, but in 2006 the Constitutional Court removed him from parliament.", "Chuwit Kamolvisit __knowledge__ In October 2008 he again ran for governor of Bangkok as an independent but was not elected.", "Sex trafficking in the United States __knowledge__ Sex trafficking in the United States is a form of human trafficking which involves reproductive slavery or commercial sexual exploitation as it occurs in the United States.", "Sex trafficking in the United States __knowledge__ Sex trafficking includes the transportation of persons by means of coercion, deception and/or force into exploitative and slavery-like conditions, and is commonly associated with organized crime.", "Sex trafficking in the United States __knowledge__ The selling of young women into sexual slavery has become one of the fastest-growing criminal enterprises in the global economy.", "Sex trafficking in the United States __knowledge__ The United Nations reports that 4 million people a year are traded against their will to work in one or another form of servitude." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon.", "Manicure __knowledge__ A manicure consists of filing and shaping the \"free edge\", pushing and clipping (with a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers) any nonliving tissue (but limited to the cuticle and hangnails), treatments with various liquids, massage of the hand, and the application of fingernail polish.", "Manicure __knowledge__ When the same is applied to the toenails and feet, the treatment is referred to as a pedicure.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Some manicures include painting pictures or designs on the nails, or applying small decals or imitation jewels.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Other nail treatments may include the application of artificial gel nails, tips, or acrylics, which may be referred to as \"French manicures\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulations.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people.", "Manicure __knowledge__ Therefore, having proper sanitation can be a serious issue.", "Manicure __knowledge__ The English word \"manicure\" comes from the French word \"manucure\", meaning \"care of the hands\", which in turn originates from the Latin words \"manus\", for \"hand\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "Manicure __knowledge__ Similarly, the English word \"pedicure\" comes from the Latin words \"ped\", for \"foot\", and \"cura\", for \"care\".", "East Turkestan independence movement __knowledge__ The East Turkestan independence movement is an expression which refers to organisations in Xinjiang or East Turkestan, also known as Uyghurstan or Chinese Turkistan, which advocate for independence from the People's Republic of China.", "East Turkestan independence movement __knowledge__ The independence movement developed in the first half of the 20th century from a national conscience of ethnic groups in Xinjiang, inspired by Pan-Turkism and Pan-Islamism, as well as integrating elements of Soviet communism before making a turn towards Islamism during the end of the 1980s.", "East Turkestan independence movement __knowledge__ After the end of the 1990s, a number of growing Uyghur independence organisations have been founded outside China.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish (also known as nail varnish) is a lacquer that can be applied to the human fingernails or toenails to decorate and protect the nail plates.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ The formulation has been revised repeatedly to enhance its decorative effects, and to suppress cracking or flaking.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish consists of a mix of an organic polymer and several other components, depending on the brand.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish originated in China and dates back to 3000 BC.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Around 600 BC, during the Zhou dynasty, the royal house preferred the colors gold and silver.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ However, red and black eventually replaced these metallic colors as royal favorites.", "Milling yield __knowledge__ Milling yield is the percentage of finished product obtained from the milling of a cereal crop.", "Milling yield __knowledge__ Wheat milling yield is the percent of flour obtained from a given unit of whole wheat kernels (flour yield or flour extraction rate), averaging 70-75% in the United States.", "Milling yield __knowledge__ Rice milling yield is the amount of polished white rice obtained from husked rough rice (yields of brown rice are higher).", "Milling yield __knowledge__ Rice milling rates for polished white rice vary by crop variety and quality, but tend to average about 72% of rough rice weight in the United States.", "Milling yield __knowledge__ Byproducts from rice milling include rice hulls (about 20% of rough rice weight), broken rice.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ A gratuity (also called a tip) is a sum of money customarily given by a client or customer to a service worker, in addition to the basic price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tipping is commonly given to certain service sector workers for a service performed or anticipated, as opposed to money offered for a product or as part of a purchase price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Depending on the country or location, it may or may not be customary to tip servers in bars and restaurants, taxi drivers, hair stylists and so on.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ The exchange is typically irreversible; differentiating it from the reward mechanism of a placed order, which can be refunded.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tips and their amount are a matter of social custom and etiquette, and the custom varies between countries and settings.", "Scanning electrochemical microscopy __knowledge__ Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a technique within the broader class of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that is used to measure the local electrochemical behavior of liquid/solid, liquid/gas and liquid/liquid interfaces. Initial characterization of the technique was credited to University of Texas electrochemist, Allen J. Bard, in 1989.", "Scanning electrochemical microscopy __knowledge__ Since then, the theoretical underpinnings have matured to allow widespread use of the technique in chemistry, biology and materials science.", "Scanning electrochemical microscopy __knowledge__ Spatially resolved electrochemical signals can be acquired by measuring the current at an ultramicroelectrode (UME) tip as a function of precise tip position over a substrate region of interest.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond ( or ) is a metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is less stable than graphite, but the conversion rate from diamond to graphite is negligible at standard conditions.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is renowned as a material with superlative physical qualities, most of which originate from the strong covalent bonding between its atoms.", "Diamond __knowledge__ In particular, diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any bulk material.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Those properties determine the major industrial application of diamond in cutting and polishing tools and the scientific applications in diamond knives and diamond anvil cells.", "Rio Grande White Ware __knowledge__ The Rio Grande white wares comprise multiple pottery traditions of the prehistoric Puebloan peoples of New Mexico.", "Rio Grande White Ware __knowledge__ About AD 750, the beginning of the Pueblo I Era, after adhering to a different and widespread regional ceramic tradition (the Cibola White Ware tradition) for generations, potters of the Rio Grande region of New Mexico began developing distinctly local varieties of black-on-white pottery.", "Rio Grande White Ware __knowledge__ This pottery involved the use of black mineral paint (mostly before AD 1200) or black vegetal paint (mostly after AD 1200) on a white, off-white, or light gray background.", "Rio Grande White Ware __knowledge__ The black-on-white tradition finally died out about AD 1750.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Markus Haris Maulana or Muhammad Haris Maulana (born Markus Horison Ririhina on 14 March 1981 in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian footballer who currently plays for Assalam FC in Liga Futebol Amadora.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He is a goalkeeper and he stands 183 cm.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He was the main goalkeeper of the Indonesia national football team.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ His debut in the Senior National Team Squad came in a friendly match Indonesia against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won the match 3–0.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He played one time in Asian Cup 2007 for Indonesia's match against South Korea on 18 July 2007.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Indonesia lost 0–1 in this game.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Mahesh Chandra Regmi (December 1929 – July 2003) was a historian and archivist of Nepal.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ In 1977, became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, Asia's most renowned award, for creating the Research Series.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Regmi was awarded the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1977 for recognition of his“chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins anddelineating national options.” The citation presented to him on that occasion can be found atwww.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationRegmiMah.htm In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, an industrial rock band fronted by Trent Reznor, did various live performances throughout the world, including tours in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ While Reznor controls the creative and musical direction of Nine Inch Nails in-studio, the touring band performs different arrangements of the songs in live settings.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ In addition to regular concerts, the band has performed in both supporting and headlining roles at festivals such as Woodstock '94, Lollapalooza 1991 and 2008, as well as many other one-off performances including the MTV Video Music Awards.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro is a pony car produced by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ It is the fifth distinct generation of the Camaro to be produced since its original introduction in 1967.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Production of the new Camaro began on March 16, 2009 after several years on hiatus since the previous generation's production ended in 2002 and went on sale to the public in April 2009 for the 2010 model year.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Chevrolet Camaro Concept was designed by South Korean-born Sangyup Lee.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The car was based on the Holden developed GM Zeta platform.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ It included a 6.0-L LS-2 engine rated at 400-horsepower with active fuel management, a T56 6-speed manual transmission, front and rear suspension featuring progressive-rate springs and gas-pressurized dampers, four-wheel vented disc brakes with 14-inch rotors, 21-inch front and 22-inch rear five-spoke cast alloy wheels, and 275/30R21 front and 305/30R22 rear tires." ] ]

[ 1, 12, 38, 4, 15 ]

[ "I have never gotten one, do you ever do one at home? Or do you go to a nail salon?", "My girlfriend will go to one on occasion. She also gets some kind of moisturizing service for her skin when she goes, I just know it is expensive lol.", "Some of them are massage parlors too, the one she used when we lived elsewhere had a parlor as well.", "Honestly I dont know what that means, but do you want to get designs on your nails or just painted?", "Do you ever worry that your polish flakes or cracks?" ]

[ "Manicure", "Manicure", "Manicure", "Manicure", "Manicure" ]

[ "Higher education in the United States\nHey have you or are you attending univeristy?", "Thats cool, im the same, how many people actually go to college nowadays.", "damn whats the average cost to even attend higher education> Seems like they just siphon money.", "makes sense seems like its nearly 100k over 4 years of school. pretty insane." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Hypericum ascyron __knowledge__ Hypericum ascyron, the great St. Johnswort, is a wildflower in the genus \"Hypericum\".", "Hypericum ascyron __knowledge__ The species grows to be 3–5 feet tall.", "Hypericum ascyron __knowledge__ It is perennial and its leaves are a deep green, elliptic, and grow up to five inches long.", "Hypericum ascyron __knowledge__ Its flowers have five petals and it can have thirteen or more stamens.", "Hypericum ascyron __knowledge__ It is found in the American Midwest, as well as parts of New England and Quebec.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ The ballad evolved from \"Hey Jules\", a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles' record label Apple Records.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" is an American popular song from the 1960s that has become a rock standard and has been performed in many musical styles by hundreds of different artists.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" tells the story of a man who is on the run and planning to head to Mexico after shooting his unfaithful wife.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The song was registered for copyright in the United States in 1962 by Billy Roberts.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ However, diverse credits and claims have led to confusion about the song's authorship.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The earliest known commercial recording of the song is the late-1965 single by the Los Angeles garage band the Leaves; the band then re-recorded the track and released it in 1966 as a follow-up single which became a hit.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her fifth studio album \"Witness\" (2017).", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ It was sent to Italian contemporary hit radio stations on January 12, 2018 by Universal Music Group as the album's fourth single.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ The song was written by Perry, Sia Furler, Sarah Hudson, Max Martin and Ali Payami, while production was handled by Martin and Payami.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a rock and electronica-influenced, dark dream pop and electropop track; its lyrical theme is female empowerment.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ Reviewers speculated that the song was also about the 2016 United States presidential election nominees Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ JUMP is a nine-member Japanese all-male band under the Japanese talent agency, Johnny & Associates.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The name Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ refers to the fact that all the members were born in the Heisei period, and JUMP is an acronym for Johnny's Ultra Music Power.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ They are also known as HSJ or just JUMP.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Like agency seniors, Hikaru Genji and V6, the group is split into two sub-groups: Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ BEST (Boys Excellent Select Team) and Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ 7 (not to be confused with the temporary group with the same name).", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The sub-groups consists of the five oldest members (BEST) and four youngest members (7) respectively.", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The song \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey\", also known as \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey!", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ (Goin' Back to Birmingham)\", was written by Little Richard and recorded in May 9, 1956 at J&M Studio, New Orleans, Louisiana (supervised by Bumps Blackwell).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ In 1955, Little Richard recorded two different versions of \"Kansas City\" by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller: one on September, 13 (supervised by Bumps Blackwell), and one on November, 29 (with five vocalists, supervised by Art Rupe).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The first version, which adheres closely to the original 1952 recording by Little Willie Littlefield for the first two verses, was not released until November 1970, on the compilation album \"Well Alright!\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ Camp Confidential is a US book series for preteens written by Melissa J. Morgan.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ It focuses around a group of girls at Camp Lakeview (Later Camp Walla Walla).", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ There are 25 books in this series so far.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ The series is also sold in the UK under the name Summer Camp Secrets published by Usborne Publishing.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ Natalie Goode- Natalie lives in New York City and is a city girl, so when she finds out she has to go to Camp Lakeview, she isn't happy about the idea.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ But eventually she learns to love it and loves all the girls in her bunk and decides to come back for the second summer.", "Camp Confidential __knowledge__ She is the daughter of Tad Maxwell, a famous movie star.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Carnival in the Netherlands __knowledge__ Carnival (; also called \"vastenavond\" – eve of the fasting or ) is a festival held throughout the Netherlands, mainly in the Southern regions, with an emphasis on role-reversal and suspension of social norms.", "Carnival in the Netherlands __knowledge__ The feast was assimilated by the Catholic Church, taking elements from ancient pagan spring festivals and is celebrated in the three days preceding the Christian holidays of Ash Wednesday and Lent.", "Carnival in the Netherlands __knowledge__ From an anthropological point of view, Carnaval is a reversal ritual, in which social roles are reversed and norms about desired behavior are suspended.", "Carnival in the Netherlands __knowledge__ Winter was thought of as the reign of the winter spirits that were to be driven out for the summer to return.", "Nonformal learning __knowledge__ Non-formal learning includes various structured learning situations, such as swimming sessions for toddlers, community-based sports programs and conference style seminars, which do not either have the level of curriculum, syllabus, accreditation and certification associated with 'formal learning', but have more structure than that associated with 'informal learning', which typically take place naturally and spontaneously as part of other activities.", "Nonformal learning __knowledge__ These form the three styles of learning recognised and supported by the OECD.", "Nonformal learning __knowledge__ Examples of non-formal learning include swimming sessions for toddlers, community-based sports programs, and programs developed by organisations such as the Boy Scouts or the Girl Guides, community or non-credit adult education courses, sports or fitness programs, professional conferences and continuing professional development.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Higher education __knowledge__ Higher education, post-secondary education, or third level education is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of secondary education.", "Higher education __knowledge__ Often delivered at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, conservatories, and institutes of technology, higher education is also available through certain college-level institutions, including vocational schools, trade schools, and other career colleges that award academic degrees or professional certifications.", "Higher education __knowledge__ Tertiary education at non-degree level is sometimes referred to as further education or continuing education as distinct from higher education.", "Informal learning __knowledge__ Informal learning is any learning that is not formal learning or non-formal learning, such as self-directed learning or learning from experience.", "Informal learning __knowledge__ Informal learning is organized differently than formal and non-formal learning because it has no set objective in terms of learning outcomes and is never intentional from the learner’s standpoint.", "Informal learning __knowledge__ For all learners this includes heuristic language building, socialization, enculturation, and play.", "Informal learning __knowledge__ Informal learning is a pervasive ongoing phenomenon of learning via participation or learning via knowledge creation, in contrast with the traditional view of teacher-centered learning via knowledge acquisition.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.", "Education __knowledge__ Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "Education __knowledge__ Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves.", "Education __knowledge__ Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.", "Education __knowledge__ The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.", "Formal learning __knowledge__ Formal learning is education normally delivered by trained teachers in a systematic intentional way within a school, higher education or university.", "Formal learning __knowledge__ It is one of three forms of learning as defined by the OECD, the others being informal learning, which typically takes place naturally as part of some other activity, and non-formal learning, which includes everything else, such as sports instruction provided by non-trained educators without a formal curriculum.", "Formal learning __knowledge__ Formal learning theory is the formal study of inductive problems and their intrinsic solvability for both ideal and computable agents.", "Formal learning __knowledge__ Modal operator theory has very little to do with formal learning theory especially with respects to Research on logical reliability theory was first pursued under the name formal learning theory, given to the discipline by (Osherson et al." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Siphon __knowledge__ The word siphon ( ; from \"pipe, tube\", also spelled syphon) is used to refer to a wide variety of devices that involve the flow of liquids through tubes.", "Siphon __knowledge__ In a narrower sense, the word refers particularly to a tube in an inverted 'U' shape, which causes a liquid to flow upward, above the surface of a reservoir, with no pump, but powered by the fall of the liquid as it flows down the tube under the pull of gravity, then discharging at a level lower than the surface of the reservoir from which it came.", "Siphon __knowledge__ There are two leading theories about how siphons cause liquid to flow uphill, against gravity, without being pumped, and powered only by gravity.", "Average cost __knowledge__ In economics, average cost and/or unit cost is equal to total cost divided by the number of goods produced (the output quantity, Q).", "Average cost __knowledge__ It is also equal to the sum of average variable costs (total variable costs divided by Q) plus average fixed costs (total fixed costs divided by Q).", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average costs may be dependent on the time period considered (increasing production may be expensive or impossible in the short term, for example).", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average costs affect the supply curve and are a fundamental component of supply and demand.", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average cost is distinct from the price, and depends on the interaction with demand through elasticity of demand and an average cost due to marginal cost pricing.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ Educational inequality is the unequal distribution of academic resources, including but not limited to; school funding, qualified and experienced teachers, books, and technologies to socially excluded communities.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ These communities tend to be historically disadvantaged and oppressed.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ More times than not, individuals belonging to these marginalized groups are also denied access to the schools with abundant resources.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ Inequality leads to major differences in the educational success or efficiancy of these individuals and ultimately suppresses social and economic mobility.", "Educational inequality __knowledge__ \"See Statistic sections for more information.\"", "Timeline of tuition fees in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tuition fees in the United Kingdom were reintroduced for full-time resident Students in 1998, as a means of funding tuition to undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities.", "Timeline of tuition fees in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since their introduction, the fees have been reformed multiple times by several bills, with the cap on fees notably rising to £9,000 a year for the 2012-13 academic year.", "Timeline of tuition fees in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Before the Education Act 1962 fees existed in the United Kingdom- usually making up around a third of a university's income, the remainder supported by state subsidies and other sources of income.", "Timeline of tuition fees in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ David Eccles, Secretary of State for Education, under Harold Macmillan's Conservative Government, published the Education Act 1962, which granted an exemption for \"ordinarily resident\", full-time, students from University tuition fees, along with introducing a right to a means tested maintenance grant.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Despite significant progress, education coverage remains a challenge in Latin America.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ The region has made great progress in educational coverage; almost all children attend primary school and access to secondary education has increased considerably.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Adolescents complete on average two more years of schooling than their parents' generation.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Most educational systems in the region have implemented various types of administrative and institutional reforms that have enabled reach for places and communities that had no access to education services in the early 90s.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ However, there are still 23 million children in the region between the ages of 4 and 17 outside of the formal education system.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ These babies are known as preemies or premmies.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ Symptoms of preterm labor include uterine contractions which occur more often than every ten minutes or the leaking of fluid from the vagina.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ Premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems, and sight problems.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ These risks are greater the earlier a baby is born.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ The cause of preterm birth is often not known.", "Preterm birth __knowledge__ Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, being pregnant with more than one baby, being either obese or underweight, a number of vaginal infections, tobacco smoking, and psychological stress, among others.", "Birth rate __knowledge__ The birth rate (technically, births/populatiohoes is the total number of live births per 1,000 of a population in a year or period.", "Birth rate __knowledge__ The rate of births in a population is calculated in several ways: live births from a universal registration system for births, deaths, and marriages; population counts from a census, and estimation through specialized demographic techniques.", "Birth rate __knowledge__ The birth rate (along with mortality and migration rate) are used to calculate population growth.", "Birth rate __knowledge__ The \"crude birth rate\" is the number of live births per year per 1,000 midyear population Another term used interchangeably with \"birth rate\" is \"natality\".", "Ageing of Europe __knowledge__ The ageing of Europe, also known as the greying of Europe, is a demographic phenomenon in Europe characterized by a decrease in fertility, a decrease in mortality rate, and a higher life expectancy among European populations.", "Ageing of Europe __knowledge__ Low birth rates and higher life expectancy contribute to the transformation of Europe's population pyramid shape.", "Ageing of Europe __knowledge__ The most significant change is the transition towards a much older population structure, resulting in a decrease in the proportion of the working age while the number of the retired population increases.", "Ageing of Europe __knowledge__ The total number of the older population is projected to increase greatly within the coming decades, with rising proportions of the post-war baby-boom generations reaching retirement.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "Demographics of Russia __knowledge__ The demographics of Russia is about the demographic features of the population of the Russian Federation including population growth, population density, ethnic composition, education level, health, economic status and other aspects.", "Demographics of Russia __knowledge__ As of 1 January 2017, the population of Russia is 144,498,215 excluding Crimea and Sevastopol, whose annexation is not recognized by most UN members.", "Demographics of Russia __knowledge__ Including Crimea and Sevastopol, the population is 146,877,088 as of January 1, 2018.", "Demographics of Russia __knowledge__ Around 77% of its population lives in European Russia, while the 23% lives in its Asian part.", "Demographics of Russia __knowledge__ As of 2015, the Russian Total fertility rate (TFR) of 1.8 children per woman was the highest in Eastern, Southern and Central Europe.", "Infant mortality __knowledge__ Infant mortality refers to deaths of young children, typically those less than one year of age.", "Infant mortality __knowledge__ It is measured by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births.", "Infant mortality __knowledge__ The Under-Five Mortality Rate is also an important statistic, considering the Infant Mortality Rate focuses only on children under one year of age.", "Infant mortality __knowledge__ Premature birth is the biggest contributor to the IMR.", "Infant mortality __knowledge__ Other leading causes of infant mortality are birth asphyxia, pneumonia, term birth complications such as abnormal presentation of the foetus umbilical cord prolapse, or prolonged labor, neonatal infection, diarrhea, malaria, measles and malnutrition." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third stage, third level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions, either colleges or universities in the country.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ These may be public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, community colleges, or for-profit colleges.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet, such as massive open online courses, competency-based education, sexual assault, cutbacks in state and local spending, rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt According to the National Student Clearinghouse, US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This decline, attributed to falling birth rates, amounts to a 2.5 million loss in enrollment from the peak year of 2010-2011.", "Higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Strong research and funding have helped make America's elite colleges and universities among the world's most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ Divine Hammer is a fantasy novel set in the \"Dragonlance\" campaign series and is the second of a trilogy about a Kingpriest of Istar, Beldinas Pilofiro, and is set during his reign of Istar.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ The book begins with Nusendaran (Andras's master), and Andras going into a village to sacrifice a black sheep.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ However, the Divine Hammer ambush them, and they manage to kill Nusendaran, and are aiming for him next.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ Suddenly, Andras is teleported away by Fistandantilus.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ They watch Nusendaran burnt at the stake, so Andras desires revenge against the Kingpriest and his forces.", "Divine Hammer __knowledge__ Just then, Fistandantilus offers Andras a choice to become his student.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Mileena __knowledge__ Mileena is a player and occasional boss character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" series of fighting games.", "Mileena __knowledge__ A dual sai-wielding assassin, she acts as the evil twin and magenta palette swap of Princess Kitana in \"Mortal Kombat II\".", "Mileena __knowledge__ She has been promoted throughout the Mortal Kombat games as its semi-ironic sex symbol ever since \"\", when she began a pattern of wearing more revealing outfits.", "Mileena __knowledge__ The series' 2011 reboot made her even more psychologically unstable, not to mention cannibalistic, and her resemblance to her sister has greatly diminished.", "Mileena __knowledge__ In the backstory of \"Mortal Kombat X\", Mileena is the sole surviving heir of Shao Kahn and vies for the Outworld throne with the warlord Kotal Kahn.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ The MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition is one of the largest and most famous business plan competitions in the world.", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ Entirely student-managed, students from all programs and levels at MIT organize and enter the $100K.", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ Teams must include at least 1 full-time MIT student, but membership is not restricted to the MIT community.", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ The Competition is supported by the MIT Entrepreneurship Center at the MIT Sloan School of Management.", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ Every year - a total of $300,000 is distributed as non-dilutive grant money.", "MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition __knowledge__ Since 1990 the MIT $100K has given birth to over 160 companies, generating 4,600 jobs, receiving over $1.3 billion dollars in venture capital funding and have a cumulative market value of over $15 billion Throughout the academic year, the teams take part in a process that includes: The competition started in 1990 as the $10K competition, and continued to grow throughout the 1990s.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Student loans in the United States __knowledge__ Student loans in the United States are a form of financial aid used to help more students access higher education.", "Student loans in the United States __knowledge__ Student loan debt has been growing rapidly since 2006, rising to nearly $1.4 trillion by late 2016, roughly 7.5% GDP.", "Student loans in the United States __knowledge__ Approximately 43 million have student loans, with an average balance of $30,000.", "Student loans in the United States __knowledge__ Loans usually must be repaid, in contrast to other forms of financial aid such as scholarships, which never have to be repaid, and grants, which only rarely have to be repaid.", "Student loans in the United States __knowledge__ Research indicates the increased usage of student loans has been a significant factor in college cost increases.", "Student debt __knowledge__ Student debt is a form of debt that is owed by an attending, withdrawn, or graduated student to a lending institution.", "Student debt __knowledge__ The lending is often of a student loan, but debts may be owed to the school if the student has dropped classes and withdrawn from the school.", "Student debt __knowledge__ Withdrawing from a school, especially if a low- or no-income student has withdrawn with a failing grade, could deprive the student of the ability of further attendance by disqualifying the student of necessary financial aid.", "Student debt __knowledge__ Student loans also differ in many countries in the strict laws regulating renegotiating and bankruptcy.", "Student debt __knowledge__ Due payments may be a retroactive penalty for services rendered by the school to the individual, including room and board.", "College tuition in the United States __knowledge__ College tuition in the United States is the privately borne cost of higher education collected by educational institutions in the United States, excluding the portion that is paid through taxes or from other government funds as supply-side subsidies to colleges and universities, or demand-side subsidies to students, or that is paid from university endowment funds or gifts through scholarships or grants.", "College tuition in the United States __knowledge__ Tuition for college has increased as the value, quality, and quantity of education has increased.", "College tuition in the United States __knowledge__ These increases have occasionally been controversial.", "College tuition in the United States __knowledge__ College attendance increased dramatically after World War II with the introduction of the GI bill and greater federal funding for higher education.", "Student loan __knowledge__ A student loan is a type of loan designed to help students pay for post-secondary education and the associated fees, such as tuition, books and supplies, and living expenses.", "Student loan __knowledge__ It may differ from other types of loans in the fact that the interest rate may be substantially lower and the repayment schedule may be deferred while the student is still in school.", "Student loan __knowledge__ It also differs in many countries in the strict laws regulating renegotiating and bankruptcy.", "Student loan __knowledge__ This article highlights the differences of the student loan system in several major countries.", "Student loan __knowledge__ Tertiary student places in Australia are usually funded through the HECS-HELP scheme.", "Higher education bubble in the United States __knowledge__ The higher education bubble in the United States is a claim that excessive investment in higher education could have negative repercussions in the broader economy.", "Higher education bubble in the United States __knowledge__ According to the claim generally associated with fiscal conservatives while college tuition payments are rising, the supply of college graduates in many fields of study is exceeding the demand for their skills, which aggravates graduate unemployment and underemployment, which in turn increases the burden of student loan defaults on financial institutions and taxpayers.", "Higher education bubble in the United States __knowledge__ Also, some claim that employers have responded to the oversupply of graduates by raising the academic requirements of many occupations higher than is really necessary to perform the work.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ For-profit higher education in the United States (known as for-profit college or proprietary education in some instances) refers to higher education educational institutions operated by private, profit-seeking businesses.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Historically, most colleges and universities in the US have been non-profit, but for-profit institutions rapidly grew in number and size from 1972 to 2009.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ This also includes culinary arts schools and certain vocational for-profit schools.", "For-profit higher education in the United States __knowledge__ Although supporters of for-profit higher education have argued that the profit motive encourages efficiency, the for-profit educational industry has received severe negative criticism because of its sales techniques, high costs, and poor student outcomes." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 4, 56 ]

[ "Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning, and yes I do!", "The number is declining due to low birth rates, which showed a 2.5 million loss of enrollment in 2010-2011.", "While an average amount is unknown, some may opt to not go to college due to rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loan debt.", "There is approximately 43 million people with student loans, and the average amount of that debt is 30 thousand!" ]

[ "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States", "Higher education in the United States" ]

[ "Salsa (dance)", "Sure,its a prevalent form of dance.When did it originate?", "New York? Who is the originator?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ The recorded history of the area now known as Xinjiang dates to the 2nd millennium BC.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ There have been many empires, primarily Han Chinese, Turkic, and Mongol, that have ruled over the region, including the Yuezhi, Xiongnu, Han dynasty, Gaochang, Kingdom of Khotan, Sixteen Kingdoms of the Jin dynasty (Former Liang, Former Qin, Later Liang, and Western Liang), Turkic Khaganate, Tang dynasty, Tibetan Empire, Uyghur Khaganate, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Kingdom of Qocho, Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, Yuan dynasty, Chagatai Khanate, Yarkent Khanate, Dzungar Khanate, and Qing dynasty.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ Xinjiang was previously known as \"Xiyu\" (西域), under the Han dynasty, which drove the Xiongnu empire out of the region in 60 BCE in an effort to secure the profitable Silk Road, but was renamed Xinjiang (新疆, meaning \"new frontier\") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1759.", "Europe __knowledge__ Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.", "Europe __knowledge__ It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Europe __knowledge__ It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia.", "Europe __knowledge__ since around 1850, Europe is most commonly considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits.", "Europe __knowledge__ Though the term \"continent\" implies physical geography defines it, the land border is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity.", "Spanish dialects and varieties __knowledge__ Some of the regional varieties of the Spanish language are quite divergent from one another, especially in pronunciation and vocabulary, and less so in grammar.", "Spanish dialects and varieties __knowledge__ While all Spanish dialects adhere to approximately the same written standard, all spoken varieties differ from the written variety, to different degrees.", "Spanish dialects and varieties __knowledge__ There are differences between European Spanish (also called Peninsular Spanish) and the Spanish of the Americas, as well as many different dialect areas both within Spain and within Hispanic America.", "Spanish dialects and varieties __knowledge__ Prominent differences of pronunciation among dialects of Spanish include: Among grammatical features, the most prominent variation among dialects is in the use of the second-person pronouns.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture (from the Latin \"tortus\", \"twisted\") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture, by definition, is a knowing and intentional act; deeds which unknowingly or negligently inflict pain without a specific intent to do so are not typically considered torture.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture has been carried out or sanctioned by individuals, groups, and states throughout history from ancient times to modern day, and forms of torture can vary greatly in duration from only a few minutes to several days or longer.", "Government __knowledge__ A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state.", "Government __knowledge__ In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, administration, and judiciary.", "Government __knowledge__ Government is a means by which state policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining the policy.", "Government __knowledge__ While all types of organizations have governance, the word \"government\" is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments on Earth, as well as subsidiary organizations.", "Government __knowledge__ Historically prevalent forms of government include aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy and tyranny.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Vulva __knowledge__ The vulva (, plural \"vulvae\" or \"vulvas\") consists of the external female sex organs.", "Vulva __knowledge__ The vulva includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, bulb of vestibule, vulval vestibule, urinary meatus, greater and lesser vestibular glands, and the vaginal opening.", "Vulva __knowledge__ The urinary meatus is also included as it opens into the vulval vestibule.", "Vulva __knowledge__ Other features of the vulva include: the pudendal cleft, sebaceous glands, the urogenital triangle (anterior part of the perineum), and pubic hair.", "Vulva __knowledge__ The vulva includes the entrance to the vagina, which leads to the uterus, and provides a double layer of protection for this by the folds of the outer and inner labia.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ The music of Latin America refers to music originating from Latin America, namely the Romance-speaking countries and territories of the Americas and the Caribbean south of the United States.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Latin American music also incorporates African music from slaves who were transported to the Americas by European settlers as well as music from the indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Due to its highly syncretic nature, Latin American music encompasses a wide variety of styles, including influential genres such as bachata, bossa nova, merengue, rumba, salsa, samba, son, and tango.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ During the 20th century, many styles were influenced by the music of the United States giving rise to genres such as Latin pop, rock, jazz, hip hop, and reggaeton.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Timba __knowledge__ Timba is a Cuban genre of music based on popular Cuban music along with \"salsa\", American funk/R&B, and the strong influence of Afro-Cuban folkloric music.", "Timba __knowledge__ Before it became the newest Cuban music and dance craze, \"timba\" was a word with several different uses yet no particular definition, mostly heard within the Afro-Cuban genre of rumba.", "Timba __knowledge__ A \"timbero\" was a complimentary term for a musician, and \"timba\" often referred to the collection of drums in a folklore ensemble.", "Timba __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, timba has referred to Cuba's intense and slightly more aggressive music and dance form.", "Timba __knowledge__ As opposed to salsa, whose roots are strictly from son and the Cuban \"conjunto\" bands of the 1940s and 1950s, timba represents a synthesis of many folkloric (rumba, guaguancó, batá drumming and the sacred songs of santería.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1980s.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ The 1980s saw the emergence of dance music and new wave.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ As disco fell out of fashion in the decade's early years, genres such as post-disco, Italo disco, Euro disco and dance-pop became more popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Rock music continued to enjoy a wide audience.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Soft rock, glam metal, thrash metal, shred guitar characterized by heavy distortion, pinch harmonics and whammy bar abuse became very popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary, quiet storm, and smooth jazz gained popularity.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, glam metal became the largest, most commercially successful brand of music in the United States and worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ The \"Kyo Kara Maoh!\"", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ light novel, anime, and manga series features a cast of characters created by Tomo Takabayashi and Temari Matsumoto.", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ The story mainly takes place on an alternate world, in a country called .", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ Yuri Shibuya, a Japanese high school student from Earth, travels between this other world and Earth by coming into contact with water.", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ On Yuri's first visit to the other world he is informed he is the king of The Great Demon Kingdom.", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ The Demon Kingdom is split into 11 different sections.", "List of Kyo Kara Maoh! characters __knowledge__ One section is ruled over directly by the king and the rest are each ruled over by one of the ten noble families of The Demon Kingdom (Christ, Voltaire, Grantz, Bielefelt, Karbelnikoff, Wincott, Spitzweg, Gyllenhaal, Rochefort, and Radford).", "Securitization __knowledge__ Securitization is the financial practice of pooling various types of contractual debt such as residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, auto loans or credit card debt obligations (or other non-debt assets which generate receivables) and selling their related cash flows to third party investors as securities, which may be described as bonds, pass-through securities, or collateralized debt obligations (CDOs).", "Securitization __knowledge__ Investors are repaid from the principal and interest cash flows collected from the underlying debt and redistributed through the capital structure of the new financing.", "Securitization __knowledge__ Securities backed by mortgage receivables are called mortgage-backed securities (MBS), while those backed by other types of receivables are asset-backed securities (ABS).", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ The memento pattern is a software design pattern that provides the ability to restore an object to its previous state (undo via rollback).", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ The memento pattern is implemented with three objects: the \"originator\", a \"caretaker\" and a \"memento\".", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ The originator is some object that has an internal state.", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ The caretaker is going to do something to the originator, but wants to be able to undo the change.", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ The caretaker first asks the originator for a memento object.", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ Then it does whatever operation (or sequence of operations) it was going to do.", "Memento pattern __knowledge__ To roll back to the state before the operations, it returns the memento object to the originator.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ Onion routing is a technique for anonymous communication over a computer network.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to layers of an onion.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ The encrypted data is transmitted through a series of network nodes called onion routers, each of which \"peels\" away a single layer, uncovering the data's next destination.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ When the final layer is decrypted, the message arrives at its destination.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ The sender remains anonymous because each intermediary knows only the location of the immediately preceding and following nodes.", "Onion routing __knowledge__ Onion routing was developed in the mid-1990s at the U.S.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (, , commonly referred to as Dodd–Frank) was signed into United States federal law by President Barack Obama on July 21, 2010.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ Passed as a response to the financial crisis of 2007–2008, it brought the most significant changes to financial regulation in the United States since the regulatory reform that followed the Great Depression.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ It made changes in the American financial regulatory environment that affected all federal financial regulatory agencies and almost every part of the nation's financial services industry.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The law was initially proposed by the Obama administration in June 2009, when the White House sent a series of proposed bills to Congress.", "Tube Tales __knowledge__ Tube Tales is a collection of nine short films based on the true-life experiences of London Underground passengers as submitted to Time Out magazine.", "Tube Tales __knowledge__ The stories were scripted and filmed independently of each other.", "Tube Tales __knowledge__ Filming took place on the London Underground network in 1999 by nine directors including Stephen Hopkins, Charles McDougall and Bob Hoskins, with directorial debuts by Ewan McGregor and Jude Law.", "Tube Tales __knowledge__ The film was produced by Richard Jobson and is also Simon Pegg's film debut, in a small role.", "Tube Tales __knowledge__ In order of screening: Director: Amy Jenkins Writer: Amy Jenkins Originator: Sue Smallwood Starring: Jason Flemyng, Dexter Fletcher and Kelly Macdonald Synopsis: After failing to impress his dream girl, Mr Cool suffers the embarrassment of becoming trapped on a train to nowhere.", "Generic pharmaceutical price decay __knowledge__ Generic pharmaceutical price decay is what happens (in the UK) once the originator brand has lost its patent exclusivity (patent expiry) and generic versions of the originator brand have been launched.", "Generic pharmaceutical price decay __knowledge__ The number of license holders entering the market is controlled by the ease of manufacture and the number of companies making the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).", "Generic pharmaceutical price decay __knowledge__ For many easy-to-manufacture solid dose tablets and capsules the manufacturing is done in India and China as the costs of production in these countries is significantly lower than in the US or Europe.", "Generic pharmaceutical price decay __knowledge__ On day one of generic launch the first to market the generic product usually gets more market share than late entrants.", "Folk music __knowledge__ Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival.", "Folk music __knowledge__ The term originated in the 19th century, but is often applied to music older than that.", "Folk music __knowledge__ Some types of folk music are also called world music.", "Folk music __knowledge__ Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted orally, music with unknown composers, or music performed by custom over a long period of time.", "Folk music __knowledge__ It has been contrasted with commercial and classical styles.", "Folk music __knowledge__ Starting in the mid-20th century, a new form of popular folk music evolved from traditional folk music.", "Folk music __knowledge__ This process and period is called the (second) folk revival and reached a zenith in the 1960s.", "House music __knowledge__ House music is a genre of electronic music created by club DJs and music producers in Chicago in the early 1980s.", "House music __knowledge__ Early house music was generally characterized by repetitive 4/4 beats, rhythms mainly provided by drum machines, off-beat hi-hat cymbals, and synthesized basslines.", "House music __knowledge__ While house displayed several characteristics similar to disco music, which preceded and influenced it, as both were DJ and record producer-created dance music, house was more electronic and minimalistic.", "House music __knowledge__ The mechanical, repetitive rhythm of house was one of its main components.", "House music __knowledge__ Many house songs were instrumental, with no vocals; some had singing throughout the song with lyrics; and some had singing but no actual words.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Dance in China has a long recorded history.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Some Chinese dances today, such as dancing with long sleeves, have been recorded at least as early as the Zhou dynasty (c. 1045–256 BCE).", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The most important of the early dances served important ritual and ceremonial roles and are known as \"yayue\" which continued to be performed in the imperial court until the Qing dynasty.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ A profusion of dances in popular and court entertainment as well as folk dances have been recorded in ancient texts.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The art of dance in China reached a peak during the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE) but declined later.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ In more recent times dance has enjoyed a resurgence and modern developments in Chinese dances are continuing apace." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2 ]

[ "Hi, I'm a big fan of Salsa, which originated in the Caribbean. Have you ever seen this style of dance?", "They say that the dance and music originated in the mid-1970's in New York.", "There are multiple places credited with influencing parts of the salsa. Movements from the dance are also attributed to Puerto Rican and Cuban dances." ]

[ "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)" ]

[ "Humane society", "What does the Human Society do?", "So do you work with animals? Dogs and cats, or snakes and mice and spiders?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "Sociocultural evolution __knowledge__ Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time.", "Sociocultural evolution __knowledge__ Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis).", "Sociocultural evolution __knowledge__ Sociocultural evolution is \"the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form\".", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ The \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise contains many characters that appear in one or more works.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Caesar (birth name: Milo) is a fictional character in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\" franchise\".", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ He is the leader and later ruler of the apes in both the original and the 2011 reboot series.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ He does not appear in the 2001 film.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Caesar is the son of talking chimpanzees Cornelius and Zira.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Originally named Milo after Dr. Milo, who travelled back in time with Cornelius and Zira to the Earth of Taylor's era, he was reared by his human foster father Armando, a traveling circus owner who gave Cornelius and Zira sanctuary when Zira went into labor in the final act of \"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\".", "Teachings of Falun Gong __knowledge__ Li Hongzhi introduced the Teachings of Falun Gong to the public in Changchun, China in 1992.", "Teachings of Falun Gong __knowledge__ The teachings cover a wide range of topics ranging from spiritual, scientific and moral to metaphysical.", "Teachings of Falun Gong __knowledge__ Since its inception, Falun Gong has been one of the fastest growing \"qigong\" (Pinyin: qìgōng) schools in Chinese history.", "Teachings of Falun Gong __knowledge__ The teachings of Falun Gong are based on the principles of \"zhēn\" , \"shàn\" and \"rěn\" (which translate approximately as truthfulness, benevolence, and forbearance) articulated in the two main books \"Falun Gong\" and \"Zhuan Falun\".", "Teachings of Falun Gong __knowledge__ \"Falun Gong\" is an introductory book that discusses \"qigong\", introduces the aforementioned principles, and provides illustrations and explanations of exercises for meditation.", "Human ecology __knowledge__ Human ecology is an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary study of the relationship between humans and their natural, social, and built environments.", "Human ecology __knowledge__ The philosophy and study of human ecology has a diffuse history with advancements in ecology, geography, sociology, psychology, anthropology, zoology, epidemiology, public health, and home economics, among others.", "Human ecology __knowledge__ The roots of ecology as a broader discipline can be traced to the Greeks and a lengthy list of developments in natural history science.", "Human ecology __knowledge__ Ecology also has notably developed in other cultures.", "Human ecology __knowledge__ Traditional knowledge, as it is called, includes the human propensity for intuitive knowledge, intelligent relations, understanding, and for passing on information about the natural world and the human experience.", "Sociobiology: The New Synthesis __knowledge__ Sociobiology: The New Synthesis (1975; 25th anniversary edition 2000) is a book by E. O. Wilson.", "Sociobiology: The New Synthesis __knowledge__ It helped start the sociobiology debate, one of the great scientific controversies in biology of the 20th century and part of the wider debate about evolutionary psychology and the modern synthesis of evolutionary biology.", "Sociobiology: The New Synthesis __knowledge__ Wilson popularized the term \"sociobiology\" as an attempt to explain the evolutionary mechanics behind social behaviour such as altruism, aggression, and the nurturing of the young.", "Sociobiology: The New Synthesis __knowledge__ It formed a position within the long-running nature versus nurture debate.", "Sociobiology: The New Synthesis __knowledge__ The fundamental principle guiding sociobiology is that an organism's evolutionary success is measured by the extent to which its genes are represented in the next generation.", "Marx's theory of history __knowledge__ The Marxist theory of historical materialism sees human society as fundamentally determined at any given time by the \"material conditions\"—in other words, the relationships which people have with each other in order to fulfill basic needs such as feeding, clothing, and housing themselves and their families.", "Marx's theory of history __knowledge__ Overall, Marx and Engels claimed to have identified six successive stages of the development of these material conditions in Western Europe.", "Marx's theory of history __knowledge__ In contrast to many of his followers, Marx made no claim to have produced a master key to history, but rather considered his work a concrete study of the actual conditions that pertained in Europe.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ Joshua James (November 22, 1826March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Lifesaving Station keeper.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 200 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life-Saving Service.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Organized in 1883, the Hawaiian Humane Society is an education and advocacy organization that also shelters, protects, rescues, reunites and rehomes animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ It is Oahu's only open-admission shelter that welcomes all animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Established in 1883, this non-profit organization is not a chapter of any group as there is no national humane society.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Gifts made directly to this independent, local organization help local animals and people.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Visit HawaiianHumane.org to learn more.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ While the modern-day humane society is known for sheltering homeless pets, in the early 1900s it also cared for children, unwed mothers and others considered to be society's most vulnerable.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society is an animal shelter and humane society in New Jersey The Liberty Humane Society was created in 1998 to work in partnership with Jersey City to build and manage an animal shelter.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ Jersey City had previously contracted with the Hudson County SPCA to provide it with animal sheltering services, but the SPCA was deemed unsatisfactory.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ In 2002, after a state investigation revealed numerous abuses, mismanagement, and financial misdealings at the SPCA, the City dropped its contract and opened its own animal shelter in a converted garage.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society provided volunteer and financial support, and participated in managerial and hiring decisions with the City.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research and \"in vivo\" testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in their natural environments.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some question of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Redback spider __knowledge__ The redback spider (\"Latrodectus hasseltii\") is a species of highly venomous spider believed to originate in the South Australian or adjacent Western Australian deserts, but now found throughout Australia, Southeast Asia and New Zealand, with colonies elsewhere outside Australia.", "Redback spider __knowledge__ It is a member of the cosmopolitan genus \"Latrodectus\", the widow spiders.", "Redback spider __knowledge__ The adult female is easily recognised by her spherical black body with a prominent red stripe on the upper side of her abdomen and an hourglass-shaped red/orange streak on the underside.", "Redback spider __knowledge__ Females usually have a body length of about , while the male is much smaller, being only long.", "Animals in space __knowledge__ Animals in space originally served to test the survivability of spaceflight, before human spaceflights were attempted.", "Animals in space __knowledge__ Later, animals were also flown to investigate various biological processes and the effects microgravity and space flight might have on them.", "Animals in space __knowledge__ Bioastronautics is an area of bioengineering research which spans the study and support of life in space.", "Animals in space __knowledge__ To date, seven national space programs have flown animals into space: the Soviet Union, the United States, France, Argentina, China, Japan and Iran.", "Animals in space __knowledge__ A wide variety of non-human animals have been launched into space, including monkeys, dogs, tortoises, and insects.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Animal psychopathology is the study of mental or behavioral disorders in animals.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Historically, there has been an anthropocentric tendency to emphasize the study of animal psychopathologies as models for human mental illnesses.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ But animal psychopathologies can, from an evolutionary point of view, be more properly regarded as non-adaptive behaviors due to some sort of a cognitive disability, emotional impairment or distress.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ This article provides a non-exhaustive list of animal psychopathologies.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Animals in the wild appear to be relatively free from eating disorders although their body composition fluctuates depending on seasonal and reproductive cycles.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Animal welfare __knowledge__ Animal welfare is the well-being of animals.", "Animal welfare __knowledge__ The standards of \"good\" animal welfare vary considerably between different contexts.", "Animal welfare __knowledge__ These standards are under constant review and are debated, created and revised by animal welfare groups, legislators and academics worldwide.", "Animal welfare __knowledge__ Animal welfare science uses various measures, such as longevity, disease, immunosuppression, behavior, physiology, and reproduction, although there is debate about which of these indicators provide the best information.", "Animal welfare __knowledge__ Respect for animal welfare is often based on the belief that non-human animals are sentient and that consideration should be given to their well-being or suffering, especially when they are under the care of humans.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits.", "Animal treatment in rodeo __knowledge__ The welfare of animals in rodeo has been a topic of discussion for the industry, the public, and the law for decades.", "Animal treatment in rodeo __knowledge__ Protests were first raised in the 1870s, and, in the middle twentieth century, laws were enacted to curb events using animals.", "Animal treatment in rodeo __knowledge__ The American Humane Association (AHA) has worked with the rodeo industry (specifically, the PRCA) to establish rules improving animal welfare in rodeo and the treatment of rodeo animals.", "Animal treatment in rodeo __knowledge__ Today, animal cruelty complaints in rodeo are still very much alive.", "Animal treatment in rodeo __knowledge__ The PRCA (which governs about a third of the rodeos conducted in the United States annually) has provided rules for its members regarding animal welfare." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 52 ]

[ "I love volunteering, I volunteer at the local Humane Society.", "Humane Society is a group that helps with human or animal suffering.", "We mainly make campaigns, they target issues like factory farming or animal fighting, as well as fur trade or wildlife abuse." ]

[ "Humane society", "Humane society", "Humane society" ]