factuality_value
stringclasses
7 values
predicat@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
predicat@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
predicat@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
predicat@id
stringclasses
206 values
predicat@text
stringlengths
2
124
predicat@type
stringclasses
29 values
predicat@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.96k
predicat@charOffsetMax
int64
6
3.97k
subject@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
subject@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
subject@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
subject@id
stringclasses
197 values
subject@text
stringlengths
2
49
subject@type
stringclasses
72 values
subject@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.98k
subject@charOffsetMax
int64
3
4k
object@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
object@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
object@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
object@id
stringclasses
198 values
object@text
stringlengths
2
53
object@type
stringclasses
73 values
object@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.93k
object@charOffsetMax
int64
4
3.94k
id
stringclasses
58 values
raw_sent_text
stringlengths
20
749
sent_charOffset
stringlengths
4
9
sent_charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.88k
sent_charOffsetMax
int64
26
4.2k
formated_sentence
stringlengths
34
768
Fact
preserve
993-995
993-995
T55
in
TREATS
993
995
preserve
964-978
968-978
T46
ACE inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
964
978
preserve
1028-1047
1040-1047
T50
heart failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,028
1,047
A16
Currently, the use of digoxin can be advocated to control heart failure in atrial fibrillation and when added to ACE inhibitors and diuretics in those patients with symptomatic heart failure related to systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
839-1097
839
1,097
Currently, the use of digoxin can be advocated to control heart failure in atrial fibrillation and when added to @SUBJECT$ and diuretics @PREDICAT$ those patients with symptomatic @OBJECT$ related to systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
Fact
preserve
993-995
993-995
T55
in
TREATS
993
995
preserve
983-992
983-992
T47
diuretics
PharmacologicSubstance
983
992
preserve
1002-1010
1002-1010
T48
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,002
1,010
A17
Currently, the use of digoxin can be advocated to control heart failure in atrial fibrillation and when added to ACE inhibitors and diuretics in those patients with symptomatic heart failure related to systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
839-1097
839
1,097
Currently, the use of digoxin can be advocated to control heart failure in atrial fibrillation and when added to ACE inhibitors and @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ those @OBJECT$ with symptomatic heart failure related to systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
Fact
preserve
1978-2018
1986-1990
T107
disease such as critical aortic stenosis
LOCATION_OF
1,978
2,018
preserve
1969-1977
1969-1977
T98
valvular
BodyPartOrganOrOrganComponent
1,969
1,977
preserve
2003-2018
2010-2018
T101
aortic stenosis
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,003
2,018
A19
This simple diagnostic tool, along with a careful history and medical examination, would hopefully prevent the misinterpretation of confusing clinical findings and would help to identify the patients with normal systolic function or valvular disease such as critical aortic stenosis, where digoxin treatment would not be warranted.
1716-2074
1,716
2,074
This simple diagnostic tool, along with a careful history and medical examination, would hopefully prevent the misinterpretation of confusing clinical findings and would help to identify the patients with normal systolic function or @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ , where digoxin treatment would not be warranted.
Fact
preserve
2159-2163
2159-2163
T127
with
PROCESS_OF
2,159
2,163
preserve
2185-2191
2185-2191
T121
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,185
2,191
preserve
2150-2158
2150-2158
T118
Patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,150
2,158
A2
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma may develop exacerbations despite treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, which appear to have an eosinophil-independent mechanism.
2150-2335
2,150
2,335
@OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ difficult-to-control @SUBJECT$ may develop exacerbations despite treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, which appear to have an eosinophil-independent mechanism.
Fact
preserve
1750-1774
1765-1774
T93
corticosteroid treatment
USES
1,750
1,774
preserve
1750-1764
1750-1764
T89
corticosteroid
Hormone
1,750
1,764
preserve
1750-1764
1750-1764
T89
corticosteroid
Hormone
1,750
1,764
A3
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and corticosteroid treatment (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
1585-1799
1,585
1,799
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and @OBJECT$ @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
Fact
preserve
1839-1841
1839-1841
T107
in
TREATS
1,839
1,841
preserve
1821-1838
1829-1838
T95
steroid treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,821
1,838
preserve
1846-1854
1846-1854
T96
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,846
1,854
A4
Exacerbations during steroid treatment in the patients with difficult-to-control asthma were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
1800-2010
1,800
2,010
Exacerbations during @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the @OBJECT$ with difficult-to-control asthma were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
Fact
preserve
1594-1598
1594-1598
T92
with
PROCESS_OF
1,594
1,598
preserve
1620-1626
1620-1626
T84
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,620
1,626
preserve
1585-1593
1585-1593
T81
Patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,585
1,593
A8
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and corticosteroid treatment (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
1585-1799
1,585
1,799
@OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ difficult-to-control @SUBJECT$ had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and corticosteroid treatment (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
Fact
preserve
159-163
159-163
T16
with
PROCESS_OF
159
163
preserve
164-177
171-177
T11
severe asthma
Finding
164
177
preserve
150-158
150-158
T10
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
150
158
A9
Some patients with severe asthma are difficult to control and suffer from frequent exacerbations, whereas others remain stable with anti-inflammatory therapy.
145-315
145
315
Some @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ are difficult to control and suffer from frequent exacerbations, whereas others remain stable with anti-inflammatory therapy.
Fact
preserve
1839-1841
1839-1841
T107
in
TREATS
1,839
1,841
preserve
1821-1838
1829-1838
T95
steroid treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,821
1,838
preserve
1888-1894
1888-1894
T99
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,888
1,894
A10
Exacerbations during steroid treatment in the patients with difficult-to-control asthma were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
1800-2010
1,800
2,010
Exacerbations during @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the patients with difficult-to-control @OBJECT$ were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
Fact
preserve
53-57
53-57
T9
with
PROCESS_OF
53
57
preserve
58-71
65-71
T5
severe asthma
Finding
58
71
preserve
44-52
44-52
T4
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
44
52
A11
Lung function and sputum characteristics of patients with severe asthma during an induced exacerbation by double-blind steroid withdrawal.
0-144
0
144
Lung function and sputum characteristics of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ during an induced exacerbation by double-blind steroid withdrawal.
Fact
preserve
818-857
847-857
T48
corticosteroids (fluticasone propionate
ISA
818
857
preserve
835-857
847-857
T45
fluticasone propionate
OrganicChemical
835
857
preserve
818-833
818-833
T44
corticosteroids
Hormone
818
833
A13
Exacerbations were induced by double-blind, controlled tapering of inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone propionate) at weekly intervals.
737-879
737
879
Exacerbations were induced by double-blind, controlled tapering of inhaled @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ ) at weekly intervals.
Fact
preserve
1855-1859
1855-1859
T108
with
PROCESS_OF
1,855
1,859
preserve
1888-1894
1888-1894
T99
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,888
1,894
preserve
1846-1854
1846-1854
T96
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,846
1,854
A14
Exacerbations during steroid treatment in the patients with difficult-to-control asthma were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
1800-2010
1,800
2,010
Exacerbations during steroid treatment in the @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ difficult-to-control @SUBJECT$ were associated with a decrease in FEV1 and PC20MCh, but not in HYP slope or increase in sputum eosinophils.
Fact
preserve
1750-1774
1765-1774
T91
corticosteroid treatment
ISA
1,750
1,774
preserve
1750-1764
1750-1764
T89
corticosteroid
Hormone
1,750
1,764
preserve
1765-1774
1765-1774
T90
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,765
1,774
A15
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and corticosteroid treatment (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
1585-1799
1,585
1,799
Patients with difficult-to-control asthma had more exacerbations than did the stable asthmatics during both steroid tapering (7 versus 2; p = 0.022) and @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ (6 versus 0; p = 0.003).
Fact
preserve
234-243
234-243
T22
treatment
TREATS
234
243
preserve
184-215
205-215
T16
leukotriene receptor antagonist
OrganicChemical
184
215
preserve
278-284
278-284
T20
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
278
284
A3
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
149-285
149
285
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral @SUBJECT$ used in the @PREDICAT$ of patients with mild to moderate @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
423-426
423-426
T40
had
PROCESS_OF
423
426
preserve
427-433
427-433
T34
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
427
433
preserve
410-418
410-418
T33
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
410
418
A4
To investigate its effects in a clinical practice setting, we evaluated zafirlukast in a heterogeneous group of patients who had asthma of different degrees of severity and who were receiving concomitant asthma medications.
286-527
286
527
To investigate its effects in a clinical practice setting, we evaluated zafirlukast in a heterogeneous group of @OBJECT$ who @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ of different degrees of severity and who were receiving concomitant asthma medications.
Fact
preserve
161-215
205-215
T21
Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist
ISA
161
215
preserve
161-172
161-172
T14
Zafirlukast
OrganicChemical
161
172
preserve
184-215
205-215
T16
leukotriene receptor antagonist
OrganicChemical
184
215
A7
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
149-285
149
285
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
Fact
preserve
161-215
205-215
T24
Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist
TREATS
161
215
preserve
161-172
161-172
T14
Zafirlukast
OrganicChemical
161
172
preserve
247-255
247-255
T18
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
247
255
A9
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
149-285
149
285
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ used in the treatment of @OBJECT$ with mild to moderate asthma.
Fact
preserve
256-260
256-260
T23
with
PROCESS_OF
256
260
preserve
278-284
278-284
T20
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
278
284
preserve
247-255
247-255
T18
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
247
255
A10
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
149-285
149
285
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ mild to moderate @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
136-140
136-140
T12
with
PROCESS_OF
136
140
preserve
141-147
141-147
T10
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
141
147
preserve
127-135
127-135
T9
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
127
135
A11
Zafirlukast in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) in patients with asthma.
0-148
0
148
Zafirlukast in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1080-1083
1080-1083
T84
had
PROCESS_OF
1,080
1,083
preserve
1093-1111
1103-1111
T79
pulmonary function
OrganOrTissueFunction
1,093
1,111
preserve
1065-1073
1065-1073
T77
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,065
1,073
A13
A total of 71% of patients had improved pulmonary function and 72% had improved asthma symptoms.
1047-1149
1,047
1,149
A total of 71% of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ improved @SUBJECT$ and 72% had improved asthma symptoms.
Uncommitted
preserve
124-126
124-126
T11
in
TREATS
124
126
preserve
0-11
0-11
T1
Zafirlukast
OrganicChemical
0
11
preserve
127-135
127-135
T9
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
127
135
A14
Zafirlukast in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) in patients with asthma.
0-148
0
148
@SUBJECT$ in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with asthma.
Uncommitted
preserve
124-126
124-126
T11
in
TREATS
124
126
preserve
0-11
0-11
T1
Zafirlukast
OrganicChemical
0
11
preserve
141-147
141-147
T10
asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
141
147
A15
Zafirlukast in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) in patients with asthma.
0-148
0
148
@SUBJECT$ in clinical practice: results of the Accolate Clinical Experience and Pharmacoepidemiology Trial (ACCEPT) @PREDICAT$ patients with @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
480-489
480-489
T41
receiving
ADMINISTERED_TO
480
489
preserve
515-526
515-526
T39
medications
PharmacologicSubstance
515
526
preserve
410-418
410-418
T33
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
410
418
A16
To investigate its effects in a clinical practice setting, we evaluated zafirlukast in a heterogeneous group of patients who had asthma of different degrees of severity and who were receiving concomitant asthma medications.
286-527
286
527
To investigate its effects in a clinical practice setting, we evaluated zafirlukast in a heterogeneous group of @OBJECT$ who had asthma of different degrees of severity and who were @PREDICAT$ concomitant asthma @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
234-243
234-243
T22
treatment
TREATS
234
243
preserve
184-215
205-215
T16
leukotriene receptor antagonist
OrganicChemical
184
215
preserve
247-255
247-255
T18
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
247
255
A17
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate asthma.
149-285
149
285
BACKGROUND: Zafirlukast is an oral @SUBJECT$ used in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ with mild to moderate asthma.
Fact
preserve
1633-1646
1640-1646
T97
labial herpes
LOCATION_OF
1,633
1,646
preserve
1633-1639
1633-1639
T93
labial
BodyLocationOrRegion
1,633
1,639
preserve
1640-1646
1640-1646
T94
herpes
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,640
1,646
A1
No secondary effects were observed with the exception of a labial herpes in the pediatric patient.
1574-1678
1,574
1,678
No secondary effects were observed with the exception of a @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ in the pediatric patient.
Fact
preserve
1647-1649
1647-1649
T98
in
PROCESS_OF
1,647
1,649
preserve
1640-1646
1640-1646
T94
herpes
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,640
1,646
preserve
1670-1677
1670-1677
T96
patient
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,670
1,677
A2
No secondary effects were observed with the exception of a labial herpes in the pediatric patient.
1574-1678
1,574
1,678
No secondary effects were observed with the exception of a labial @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the pediatric @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1925-1929
1925-1929
T118
with
PROCESS_OF
1,925
1,929
preserve
1955-1971
1965-1971
T114
bronchial asthma
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,955
1,971
preserve
1916-1924
1916-1924
T112
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,916
1,924
A3
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of methotrexate 10 mg in adults and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of patients with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma with no relevant adverse reactions during therapy.
1679-2029
1,679
2,029
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of methotrexate 10 mg in adults and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ corticosteroid-dependent @SUBJECT$ with no relevant adverse reactions during therapy.
Fact
preserve
524-528
524-528
T37
with
USES
524
528
preserve
514-523
514-523
T34
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
514
523
preserve
529-532
529-532
T35
MTX
OrganicChemical
529
532
A4
The minimal stabilization time for each patient before initiating treatment with MTX was 3 months.
442-546
442
546
The minimal stabilization time for each patient before initiating @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ was 3 months.
Fact
preserve
1524-1528
1524-1528
T89
with
USES
1,524
1,528
preserve
1514-1523
1514-1523
T85
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,514
1,523
preserve
1529-1541
1529-1541
T86
methotrexate
OrganicChemical
1,529
1,541
A5
In all patients a significant decrease could be obtained in the MP dose during treatment with methotrexate with no decrease in FEV1.
1428-1573
1,428
1,573
In all patients a significant decrease could be obtained in the MP dose during @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with no decrease in FEV1.
Fact
preserve
1409-1413
1409-1413
T80
with
USES
1,409
1,413
preserve
1399-1408
1399-1408
T78
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,399
1,408
preserve
1414-1426
1414-1426
T79
methotrexate
OrganicChemical
1,414
1,426
A6
In the pediatric patient, the deflazacor dose was decreased from 60 down to 30 mg/day during treatment with methotrexate.
1294-1427
1,294
1,427
In the pediatric patient, the deflazacor dose was decreased from 60 down to 30 mg/day during @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
198-200
198-200
T16
in
TREATS
198
200
preserve
147-159
147-159
T8
methotrexate
OrganicChemical
147
159
preserve
211-219
211-219
T12
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
211
219
A7
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of methotrexate as corticosteroid sparing agent in asthmatic patients requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
93-269
93
269
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of @SUBJECT$ as corticosteroid sparing agent @PREDICAT$ asthmatic @OBJECT$ requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
Counterfact
preserve
1972-1976
1972-1976
T119
with
PROCESS_OF
1,972
1,976
preserve
1989-2013
2004-2013
T115
adverse reactions
Finding
1,989
2,013
preserve
1916-1924
1916-1924
T112
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,916
1,924
A8
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of methotrexate 10 mg in adults and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of patients with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma with no relevant adverse reactions during therapy.
1679-2029
1,679
2,029
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of methotrexate 10 mg in adults and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of @OBJECT$ with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma @PREDICAT$ no relevant @SUBJECT$ during therapy.
Fact
preserve
201-219
211-219
T15
asthmatic patients
PROCESS_OF
201
219
preserve
201-210
201-210
T11
asthmatic
DiseaseOrSyndrome
201
210
preserve
211-219
211-219
T12
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
211
219
A9
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of methotrexate as corticosteroid sparing agent in asthmatic patients requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
93-269
93
269
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of methotrexate as corticosteroid sparing agent in @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
Fact
preserve
198-200
198-200
T16
in
TREATS
198
200
preserve
147-159
147-159
T8
methotrexate
OrganicChemical
147
159
preserve
201-210
201-210
T11
asthmatic
DiseaseOrSyndrome
201
210
A10
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of methotrexate as corticosteroid sparing agent in asthmatic patients requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
93-269
93
269
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of low doses of @SUBJECT$ as corticosteroid sparing agent @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ patients requiring long term corticosteroid therapy.
Fact
preserve
1766-1768
1766-1768
T117
in
TREATS
1,766
1,768
preserve
1747-1765
1763-1765
T103
methotrexate 10 mg
ClinicalDrug
1,747
1,765
preserve
1769-1775
1769-1775
T104
adults
AgeGroup
1,769
1,775
A11
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of methotrexate 10 mg in adults and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of patients with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma with no relevant adverse reactions during therapy.
1679-2029
1,679
2,029
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of one single weekly dose of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and 15 in one pediatric patient allowed for a decrease of approximately 50% in the glucocorticosteroid dosage in this group of patients with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma with no relevant adverse reactions during therapy.
Fact
preserve
2828-2844
2837-2844
T160
levodopa therapy
ISA
2,828
2,844
preserve
2828-2836
2828-2836
T147
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,828
2,836
preserve
2837-2844
2837-2844
T148
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,837
2,844
A1
Indeed, levodopa therapy improves, sometimes markedly, the motor signs and symptoms of the illness, the functional capacity and quality of life and perhaps also life expectancy of the afflicted patients.
2820-3035
2,820
3,035
Indeed, @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ improves, sometimes markedly, the motor signs and symptoms of the illness, the functional capacity and quality of life and perhaps also life expectancy of the afflicted patients.
Probable
preserve
2170-2178
2170-2178
T125
combined
COEXISTS_WITH
2,170
2,178
preserve
2195-2230
2220-2230
T119
dopa decarboxylase inhibitors
OrganicChemical
2,195
2,230
preserve
2125-2133
2125-2133
T117
Levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,125
2,133
A2
Levodopa, administered orally, usually combined with peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitors, continues to be the most widely-used and most effective pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (Melamed, 1987).
2125-2360
2,125
2,360
@OBJECT$ , administered orally, usually @PREDICAT$ with peripheral @SUBJECT$ , continues to be the most widely-used and most effective pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (Melamed, 1987).
Fact
preserve
3684-3700
3693-3700
T196
levodopa therapy
USES
3,684
3,700
preserve
3684-3692
3684-3692
T188
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
3,684
3,692
preserve
3684-3692
3684-3692
T188
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
3,684
3,692
A3
It is believed that most patients on long-term levodopa therapy will, sooner or later, develop response fluctuations of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
3637-3820
3,637
3,820
It is believed that most patients on long-term @OBJECT$ @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ will, sooner or later, develop response fluctuations of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
Fact
preserve
1338-1361
1344-1348
T80
drugs such as prepulsid
ISA
1,338
1,361
preserve
1352-1361
1352-1361
T76
prepulsid
OrganicChemical
1,352
1,361
preserve
1338-1343
1338-1343
T75
drugs
PharmacologicSubstance
1,338
1,343
A4
Prokinetic drugs such as prepulsid (Cisaprid) could be used to facilitate gastric motility and levodopa transit time.
1327-1450
1,327
1,450
Prokinetic @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ (Cisaprid) could be used to facilitate gastric motility and levodopa transit time.
Fact
preserve
2828-2844
2837-2844
T161
levodopa therapy
USES
2,828
2,844
preserve
2828-2836
2828-2836
T147
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,828
2,836
preserve
2828-2836
2828-2836
T147
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,828
2,836
A5
Indeed, levodopa therapy improves, sometimes markedly, the motor signs and symptoms of the illness, the functional capacity and quality of life and perhaps also life expectancy of the afflicted patients.
2820-3035
2,820
3,035
Indeed, @OBJECT$ @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ improves, sometimes markedly, the motor signs and symptoms of the illness, the functional capacity and quality of life and perhaps also life expectancy of the afflicted patients.
Possible
preserve
1396-1406
1396-1406
T81
facilitate
AUGMENTS
1,396
1,406
preserve
1352-1361
1352-1361
T76
prepulsid
OrganicChemical
1,352
1,361
preserve
1407-1423
1415-1423
T77
gastric motility
OrganOrTissueFunction
1,407
1,423
A6
Prokinetic drugs such as prepulsid (Cisaprid) could be used to facilitate gastric motility and levodopa transit time.
1327-1450
1,327
1,450
Prokinetic drugs such as @SUBJECT$ (Cisaprid) could be used to @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and levodopa transit time.
Fact
preserve
3684-3700
3693-3700
T195
levodopa therapy
ISA
3,684
3,700
preserve
3684-3692
3684-3692
T188
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
3,684
3,692
preserve
3693-3700
3693-3700
T189
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
3,693
3,700
A9
It is believed that most patients on long-term levodopa therapy will, sooner or later, develop response fluctuations of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
3637-3820
3,637
3,820
It is believed that most patients on long-term @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ will, sooner or later, develop response fluctuations of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
Fact
preserve
53-57
53-57
T10
with
PROCESS_OF
53
57
preserve
58-92
85-92
T7
advanced Parkinson's disease
Finding
58
92
preserve
44-52
44-52
T5
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
44
52
A12
Current management of motor fluctuations in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease treated chronically with levodopa.
0-127
0
127
Current management of motor fluctuations in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ treated chronically with levodopa.
Probable
preserve
3731-3738
3731-3738
T197
develop
PROCESS_OF
3,731
3,738
preserve
3748-3760
3748-3760
T191
fluctuations
SignOrSymptom
3,748
3,760
preserve
3662-3670
3662-3670
T186
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
3,662
3,670
A13
It is believed that most patients on long-term levodopa therapy will, sooner or later, develop response fluctuations of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
3637-3820
3,637
3,820
It is believed that most @OBJECT$ on long-term levodopa therapy will, sooner or later, @PREDICAT$ response @SUBJECT$ of varying types and severity (Riley and Lang, 1993).
Fact
preserve
41-43
41-43
T9
in
PROCESS_OF
41
43
preserve
28-40
28-40
T4
fluctuations
SignOrSymptom
28
40
preserve
44-52
44-52
T5
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
44
52
A15
Current management of motor fluctuations in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease treated chronically with levodopa.
0-127
0
127
Current management of motor @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with advanced Parkinson's disease treated chronically with levodopa.
Fact
preserve
2320-2323
2320-2323
T126
for
TREATS
2,320
2,323
preserve
2294-2319
2310-2319
T123
pharmacological treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,294
2,319
preserve
2324-2343
2336-2343
T124
Parkinson's disease
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,324
2,343
A16
Levodopa, administered orally, usually combined with peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitors, continues to be the most widely-used and most effective pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (Melamed, 1987).
2125-2360
2,125
2,360
Levodopa, administered orally, usually combined with peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitors, continues to be the most widely-used and most effective @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ (Melamed, 1987).
Fact
preserve
93-100
93-100
T11
treated
TREATS
93
100
preserve
118-126
118-126
T8
levodopa
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
118
126
preserve
58-92
85-92
T7
advanced Parkinson's disease
Finding
58
92
A17
Current management of motor fluctuations in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease treated chronically with levodopa.
0-127
0
127
Current management of motor fluctuations in patients with @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ chronically with @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
795-797
795-797
T51
in
PROCESS_OF
795
797
preserve
778-794
786-794
T49
gastric emptying
OrganOrTissueFunction
778
794
preserve
818-826
818-826
T50
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
818
826
A19
In addition, there is delayed gastric emptying in many advanced patients.
748-827
748
827
In addition, there is delayed @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ many advanced @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1732-1736
1732-1736
T109
used
ADMINISTERED_TO
1,732
1,736
preserve
1755-1764
1755-1764
T99
therapies
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,755
1,764
preserve
1719-1727
1719-1727
T98
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,719
1,727
A4
Data from studies of patients who used their usual therapies and sumatriptan in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during sumatriptan therapy.
1698-1932
1,698
1,932
Data from studies of @OBJECT$ who @PREDICAT$ their usual @SUBJECT$ and sumatriptan in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during sumatriptan therapy.
Fact
preserve
1732-1736
1732-1736
T109
used
ADMINISTERED_TO
1,732
1,736
preserve
1769-1780
1769-1780
T100
sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
1,769
1,780
preserve
1719-1727
1719-1727
T98
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,719
1,727
A5
Data from studies of patients who used their usual therapies and sumatriptan in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during sumatriptan therapy.
1698-1932
1,698
1,932
Data from studies of @OBJECT$ who @PREDICAT$ their usual therapies and @SUBJECT$ in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during sumatriptan therapy.
Fact
preserve
906-915
906-915
T51
treatment
TREATS
906
915
preserve
840-851
840-851
T44
Sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
840
851
preserve
919-927
919-927
T49
migraine
DiseaseOrSyndrome
919
927
A8
Sumatriptan is an effective and well tolerated agent in the treatment of migraine.
840-928
840
928
@SUBJECT$ is an effective and well tolerated agent in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
3145-3149
3145-3149
T178
with
PROCESS_OF
3,145
3,149
preserve
3156-3164
3156-3164
T176
migraine
DiseaseOrSyndrome
3,156
3,164
preserve
3136-3144
3136-3144
T175
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
3,136
3,144
A9
Thus, sumatriptan is associated with a fast onset of action and improvements in health-related quality of life in patients with migraine.
3016-3165
3,016
3,165
Thus, sumatriptan is associated with a fast onset of action and improvements in health-related quality of life in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
711-725
716-725
T43
drug treatment
USES
711
725
preserve
716-725
716-725
T37
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
716
725
preserve
711-715
711-715
T36
drug
PharmacologicSubstance
711
715
A12
Direct costs, such as the cost of drug treatment, physician consultation, hospitalisation and emergency room treatment, make up most of the remainder.
677-839
677
839
Direct costs, such as the cost of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , physician consultation, hospitalisation and emergency room treatment, make up most of the remainder.
Fact
preserve
2456-2462
2456-2462
T143
versus
compared_with
2,456
2,462
preserve
2444-2455
2444-2455
T137
sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
2,444
2,455
preserve
2482-2499
2482-2499
T139
dihydroergotamine
OrganicChemical
2,482
2,499
A15
A retrospective pharmacoeconomic model suggested that the cost-effectiveness of subcutaneous sumatriptan versus subcutaneous dihydroergotamine depended on which outcome measure was of greatest interest.
2345-2559
2,345
2,559
A retrospective pharmacoeconomic model suggested that the cost-effectiveness of subcutaneous @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ subcutaneous @OBJECT$ depended on which outcome measure was of greatest interest.
Possible
preserve
180-191
180-191
T13
accompanied
COEXISTS_WITH
180
191
preserve
195-206
195-206
T10
sensitivity
Finding
195
206
preserve
63-71
63-71
T4
Migraine
DiseaseOrSyndrome
63
71
A16
Migraine is a common illness characterised by severe, often throbbing and/or unilateral headache, which may be accompanied by sensitivity to light or noise.
63-225
63
225
@OBJECT$ is a common illness characterised by severe, often throbbing and/or unilateral headache, which may be @PREDICAT$ by @SUBJECT$ to light or noise.
Fact
preserve
1912-1931
1924-1931
T111
sumatriptan therapy
USES
1,912
1,931
preserve
1924-1931
1924-1931
T107
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,924
1,931
preserve
1912-1923
1912-1923
T106
sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
1,912
1,923
A18
Data from studies of patients who used their usual therapies and sumatriptan in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during sumatriptan therapy.
1698-1932
1,698
1,932
Data from studies of patients who used their usual therapies and sumatriptan in nonblinded, sequential phases indicate that both workplace and nonworkplace productivity losses were reduced during @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1072-1079
1072-1079
T68
reduces
PREVENTS
1,072
1,079
preserve
1054-1065
1054-1065
T60
Sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
1,054
1,065
preserve
1080-1097
1089-1097
T61
headache severity
SignOrSymptom
1,080
1,097
A19
Sumatriptan reduces headache severity within 2 hours of oral administration in 50 to 67% of patients and within 1 hour of subcutaneous administration in 70 to 80% of patients.
1054-1247
1,054
1,247
@SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ within 2 hours of oral administration in 50 to 67% of patients and within 1 hour of subcutaneous administration in 70 to 80% of patients.
Fact
preserve
2753-2761
2753-2761
T168
compared
compared_with
2,753
2,761
preserve
2696-2707
2696-2707
T151
Sumatriptan
OrganicChemical
2,696
2,707
preserve
2783-2790
2783-2790
T156
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,783
2,790
A21
Sumatriptan improved global quality-of-life scores compared with patients' usual therapy in a randomised crossover trial and appeared to do the same when the drugs were administered in nonblinded, sequential phases in trials which used general and migraine-specific quality-of-life instruments.
2696-3015
2,696
3,015
@SUBJECT$ improved global quality-of-life scores @PREDICAT$ with patients' usual @OBJECT$ in a randomised crossover trial and appeared to do the same when the drugs were administered in nonblinded, sequential phases in trials which used general and migraine-specific quality-of-life instruments.
Uncommitted
preserve
1791-1793
1791-1793
T108
in
PROCESS_OF
1,791
1,793
preserve
1745-1753
1745-1753
T103
ischemia
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,745
1,753
preserve
1794-1802
1794-1802
T106
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,794
1,802
A1
Both groups were likely to evaluate their patients for ischemia and possible revascularization, even in patients not having angina.
1684-1827
1,684
1,827
Both groups were likely to evaluate their patients for @SUBJECT$ and possible revascularization, even @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ not having angina.
Fact
preserve
2104-2106
2104-2106
T133
in
TREATS
2,104
2,106
preserve
2171-2190
2183-2190
T132
maintenance therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,171
2,190
preserve
2138-2140
2138-2140
T131
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,138
2,140
A2
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in patients with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
1987-2204
1,987
2,204
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy @PREDICAT$ patients with mild to moderate @OBJECT$ (94% vs 86%) and during @SUBJECT$ (91% vs 80%).
Fact
preserve
2104-2106
2104-2106
T133
in
TREATS
2,104
2,106
preserve
2096-2103
2096-2103
T128
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,096
2,103
preserve
2138-2140
2138-2140
T131
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,138
2,140
A4
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in patients with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
1987-2204
1,987
2,204
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ patients with mild to moderate @OBJECT$ (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
Fact
preserve
783-785
783-785
T58
in
TREATS
783
785
preserve
763-772
763-772
T44
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
763
772
preserve
806-808
806-808
T46
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
806
808
A7
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and treatment practices in patients with HF was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
720-1038
720
1,038
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and @SUBJECT$ practices @PREDICAT$ patients with @OBJECT$ was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
Fact
preserve
705-709
705-709
T40
with
PROCESS_OF
705
709
preserve
716-718
716-718
T37
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
716
718
preserve
696-704
696-704
T36
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
696
704
A10
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general cardiologists and cardiologists specializing in the treatment of patients with HF.
516-719
516
719
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general cardiologists and cardiologists specializing in the treatment of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2104-2106
2104-2106
T133
in
TREATS
2,104
2,106
preserve
2096-2103
2096-2103
T128
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,096
2,103
preserve
2107-2115
2107-2115
T129
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,107
2,115
A11
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in patients with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
1987-2204
1,987
2,204
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
Fact
preserve
801-805
801-805
T59
with
PROCESS_OF
801
805
preserve
806-808
806-808
T46
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
806
808
preserve
786-794
786-794
T45
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
786
794
A13
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and treatment practices in patients with HF was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
720-1038
720
1,038
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and treatment practices in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
Fact
preserve
683-692
683-692
T38
treatment
TREATS
683
692
preserve
649-662
649-662
T34
cardiologists
ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup
649
662
preserve
696-704
696-704
T36
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
696
704
A14
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general cardiologists and cardiologists specializing in the treatment of patients with HF.
516-719
516
719
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general cardiologists and @SUBJECT$ specializing in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ with HF.
Fact
preserve
2116-2120
2116-2120
T135
with
PROCESS_OF
2,116
2,120
preserve
2138-2140
2138-2140
T131
HF
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,138
2,140
preserve
2107-2115
2107-2115
T129
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,107
2,115
A16
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in patients with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
1987-2204
1,987
2,204
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ mild to moderate @SUBJECT$ (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
Probable
preserve
1648-1651
1648-1651
T99
use
ADMINISTERED_TO
1,648
1,651
preserve
1655-1669
1655-1669
T95
echocardiogram
DiagnosticProcedure
1,655
1,669
preserve
1609-1620
1609-1620
T92
specialists
ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup
1,609
1,620
A19
For instance, in patients being evaluated for the first time, cardiologists reported using a chest radiograph to assist in the diagnosis more than did HF specialists (47% vs 12%), whereas HF specialists were more likely to use an echocardiogram (73% vs 48%).
1406-1683
1,406
1,683
For instance, in patients being evaluated for the first time, cardiologists reported using a chest radiograph to assist in the diagnosis more than did HF specialists (47% vs 12%), whereas HF @OBJECT$ were more likely to @PREDICAT$ an @SUBJECT$ (73% vs 48%).
Fact
preserve
683-692
683-692
T38
treatment
TREATS
683
692
preserve
631-644
631-644
T33
cardiologists
ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup
631
644
preserve
696-704
696-704
T36
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
696
704
A21
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general cardiologists and cardiologists specializing in the treatment of patients with HF.
516-719
516
719
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify differences in HF management practices between general @SUBJECT$ and cardiologists specializing in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ with HF.
Probable
preserve
2461-2467
2461-2467
T154
manage
TREATS
2,461
2,467
preserve
2439-2450
2439-2450
T149
specialists
ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup
2,439
2,450
preserve
2474-2482
2474-2482
T150
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,474
2,482
A22
CONCLUSION: Cardiologists and HF specialists generally manage their patients in conformity with guidelines.
2400-2519
2,400
2,519
CONCLUSION: Cardiologists and HF @SUBJECT$ generally @PREDICAT$ their @OBJECT$ in conformity with guidelines.
Probable
preserve
2461-2467
2461-2467
T154
manage
TREATS
2,461
2,467
preserve
2418-2431
2418-2431
T147
Cardiologists
ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup
2,418
2,431
preserve
2474-2482
2474-2482
T150
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,474
2,482
A23
CONCLUSION: Cardiologists and HF specialists generally manage their patients in conformity with guidelines.
2400-2519
2,400
2,519
CONCLUSION: @SUBJECT$ and HF specialists generally @PREDICAT$ their @OBJECT$ in conformity with guidelines.
Fact
preserve
783-785
783-785
T58
in
TREATS
783
785
preserve
763-772
763-772
T44
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
763
772
preserve
786-794
786-794
T45
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
786
794
A25
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and treatment practices in patients with HF was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
720-1038
720
1,038
METHODS: A survey examining diagnostic and @SUBJECT$ practices @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with HF was sent to a sample of cardiologists derived from the American Medical Association Masterfile and to HF specialists who were members of the Society of Transplant Cardiologists or principal investigators in HF trials.
Fact
preserve
2104-2106
2104-2106
T133
in
TREATS
2,104
2,106
preserve
2171-2190
2183-2190
T132
maintenance therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
2,171
2,190
preserve
2107-2115
2107-2115
T129
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,107
2,115
A26
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy in patients with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during maintenance therapy (91% vs 80%).
1987-2204
1,987
2,204
HF specialists more often used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as part of their initial therapy @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with mild to moderate HF (94% vs 86%) and during @SUBJECT$ (91% vs 80%).
Fact
preserve
2211-2213
2211-2213
T136
in
PROCESS_OF
2,211
2,213
preserve
2198-2210
2198-2210
T130
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,198
2,210
preserve
2234-2238
2234-2238
T132
rats
Mammal
2,234
2,238
A2
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO.
2095-2258
2,095
2,258
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ renal failure @OBJECT$ treated with rhEPO.
Fact
preserve
766-774
766-774
T57
received
ADMINISTERED_TO
766
774
preserve
788-793
788-793
T52
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
788
793
preserve
758-765
758-765
T50
animals
Animal
758
765
A3
After a 4-wk stabilization period, the animals received either rhEPO (100 U/kg, subcutaneously, three times per week) or the vehicle for 4 wk.
719-867
719
867
After a 4-wk stabilization period, the @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ either @SUBJECT$ (100 U/kg, subcutaneously, three times per week) or the vehicle for 4 wk.
Fact
preserve
2220-2238
2234-2238
T135
renal failure rats
PROCESS_OF
2,220
2,238
preserve
2220-2233
2226-2233
T131
renal failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,220
2,233
preserve
2234-2238
2234-2238
T132
rats
Mammal
2,234
2,238
A4
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO.
2095-2258
2,095
2,258
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ treated with rhEPO.
Fact
preserve
2252-2257
2252-2257
T138
rhEPO
PART_OF
2,252
2,257
preserve
2252-2257
2252-2257
T134
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,252
2,257
preserve
2252-2257
2252-2257
T134
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,252
2,257
A6
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO.
2095-2258
2,095
2,258
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with @OBJECT$ @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ .
Fact
preserve
611-618
611-618
T44
induced
CAUSES
611
618
preserve
644-655
644-655
T39
nephrectomy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
644
655
preserve
593-606
599-606
T36
Renal failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
593
606
A7
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension.
593-718
593
718
@OBJECT$ was @PREDICAT$ by a two-stage 5/6 @SUBJECT$ ; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension.
Fact
preserve
1765-1767
1765-1767
T105
in
PROCESS_OF
1,765
1,767
preserve
1752-1764
1752-1764
T103
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,752
1,764
preserve
1775-1779
1775-1779
T104
rats
Mammal
1,775
1,779
A8
Both ET-1 receptor antagonists bosentan and LU135252 were effective in attenuating the progression of hypertension in uremic rats receiving the vehicle (P < 0.05).
1644-1819
1,644
1,819
Both ET-1 receptor antagonists bosentan and LU135252 were effective in attenuating the progression of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ uremic @OBJECT$ receiving the vehicle (P < 0.05).
Fact
preserve
669-678
669-678
T45
developed
PROCESS_OF
669
678
preserve
705-717
705-717
T43
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
705
717
preserve
661-668
661-668
T40
animals
Animal
661
668
A9
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension.
593-718
593
718
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ uremia, anemia, and @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
274-300
286-300
T18
human erythropoietin
PART_OF
274
300
preserve
262-300
286-300
T15
recombinant human erythropoietin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
262
300
preserve
274-279
274-279
T14
human
Human
274
279
A10
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic rats treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO).
112-309
112
309
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic rats treated with @SUBJECT$ @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ (rhEPO).
Fact
preserve
1873-1875
1873-1875
T115
in
TREATS
1,873
1,875
preserve
1820-1829
1820-1829
T106
Treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,820
1,829
preserve
1896-1900
1896-1900
T112
rats
Mammal
1,896
1,900
A11
Treatment with LU135252 corrected the increase in BP in rhEPO-treated rats (160+/-7 mmHg versus 187+/-9 mmHg, P < 0.05).
1820-1946
1,820
1,946
@SUBJECT$ with LU135252 corrected the increase in BP @PREDICAT$ rhEPO-treated @OBJECT$ (160+/-7 mmHg versus 187+/-9 mmHg, P < 0.05).
Fact
preserve
462-471
462-471
T34
receiving
ADMINISTERED_TO
462
471
preserve
472-477
472-477
T28
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
472
477
preserve
457-461
457-461
T26
rats
Mammal
457
461
A12
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in renal failure rats receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
310-592
310
592
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in renal failure @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
Fact
preserve
434-436
434-436
T33
in
PROCESS_OF
434
436
preserve
421-433
421-433
T24
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
421
433
preserve
457-461
457-461
T26
rats
Mammal
457
461
A13
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in renal failure rats receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
310-592
310
592
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ renal failure @OBJECT$ receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
Fact
preserve
221-223
221-223
T16
in
LOCATION_OF
221
223
preserve
244-248
244-248
T13
rats
Mammal
244
248
preserve
171-183
171-183
T11
endothelin-1
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
171
183
A14
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic rats treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO).
112-309
112
309
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive @OBJECT$ (irET-1) content is increased @PREDICAT$ hypertensive uremic @SUBJECT$ treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO).
Fact
preserve
2239-2246
2239-2246
T137
treated
TREATS
2,239
2,246
preserve
2252-2257
2252-2257
T134
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,252
2,257
preserve
2234-2238
2234-2238
T132
rats
Mammal
2,234
2,238
A15
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO.
2095-2258
2,095
2,258
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ with @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2025-2027
2025-2027
T127
in
PROCESS_OF
2,025
2,027
preserve
2012-2024
2012-2024
T119
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,012
2,024
preserve
2042-2046
2042-2046
T123
rats
Mammal
2,042
2,046
A16
In contrast, bosentan did not attenuate the progression of hypertension in rhEPO-treated rats (172+/-10 mmHg versus 168+/-9 mmHg, NS).
1947-2094
1,947
2,094
In contrast, bosentan did not attenuate the progression of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ rhEPO-treated @OBJECT$ (172+/-10 mmHg versus 168+/-9 mmHg, NS).
Fact
preserve
669-678
669-678
T45
developed
PROCESS_OF
669
678
preserve
687-693
687-693
T42
anemia
DiseaseOrSyndrome
687
693
preserve
661-668
661-668
T40
animals
Animal
661
668
A17
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension.
593-718
593
718
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ uremia, @SUBJECT$ , and hypertension.
Fact
preserve
94-96
94-96
T8
in
COEXISTS_WITH
94
96
preserve
81-93
81-93
T6
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
81
93
preserve
97-110
103-110
T7
renal failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
97
110
A19
Differential effects of endothelin-1 antagonists on erythropoietin-induced hypertension in renal failure.
0-111
0
111
Differential effects of endothelin-1 antagonists on erythropoietin-induced @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Possible
preserve
2322-2330
2322-2330
T152
involved
ASSOCIATED_WITH
2,322
2,330
preserve
2290-2300
2290-2300
T142
endothelin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,290
2,300
preserve
2338-2350
2338-2350
T144
pathogenesis
PathologicFunction
2,338
2,350
A20
These results suggest that the endothelin system may be involved in the pathogenesis of rhEPO-induced hypertension in uremic rats with a differential role for ET(A) and ET(B) receptors.
2259-2457
2,259
2,457
These results suggest that the @SUBJECT$ system may be @PREDICAT$ in the @OBJECT$ of rhEPO-induced hypertension in uremic rats with a differential role for ET(A) and ET(B) receptors.
Fact
preserve
249-256
249-256
T17
treated
TREATS
249
256
preserve
262-300
286-300
T15
recombinant human erythropoietin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
262
300
preserve
244-248
244-248
T13
rats
Mammal
244
248
A21
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic rats treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO).
112-309
112
309
Recently, it was reported that blood vessel immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) content is increased in hypertensive uremic @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ with @SUBJECT$ (rhEPO).
Fact
preserve
2239-2246
2239-2246
T137
treated
TREATS
2,239
2,246
preserve
2252-2257
2252-2257
T134
rhEPO
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
2,252
2,257
preserve
2220-2233
2226-2233
T131
renal failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,220
2,233
A22
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in renal failure rats treated with rhEPO.
2095-2258
2,095
2,258
In summary, selective ET(A) but not ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade can prevent the aggravation of hypertension in @OBJECT$ rats @PREDICAT$ with @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
669-678
669-678
T45
developed
PROCESS_OF
669
678
preserve
679-685
679-685
T41
uremia
DiseaseOrSyndrome
679
685
preserve
661-668
661-668
T40
animals
Animal
661
668
A24
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the animals developed uremia, anemia, and hypertension.
593-718
593
718
Renal failure was induced by a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy; the @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , anemia, and hypertension.
Fact
preserve
437-461
457-461
T32
renal failure rats
PROCESS_OF
437
461
preserve
437-450
443-450
T25
renal failure
DiseaseOrSyndrome
437
450
preserve
457-461
457-461
T26
rats
Mammal
457
461
A25
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in renal failure rats receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
310-592
310
592
The present study was designed to evaluate whether ET-1 receptor blockade can prevent the progression of hypertension in @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ receiving rhEPO and, if so, whether selective ET(A) and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) receptor antagonists are equally effective.
Counterfact
preserve
1983-1992
1983-1992
T126
attenuate
TREATS
1,983
1,992
preserve
1966-1974
1966-1974
T116
bosentan
OrganicChemical
1,966
1,974
preserve
2012-2024
2012-2024
T119
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,012
2,024
A26
In contrast, bosentan did not attenuate the progression of hypertension in rhEPO-treated rats (172+/-10 mmHg versus 168+/-9 mmHg, NS).
1947-2094
1,947
2,094
In contrast, @SUBJECT$ did not @PREDICAT$ the progression of @OBJECT$ in rhEPO-treated rats (172+/-10 mmHg versus 168+/-9 mmHg, NS).
Fact
preserve
1950-1954
1950-1954
T118
with
PROCESS_OF
1,950
1,954
preserve
1961-1973
1961-1973
T113
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,961
1,973
preserve
1942-1949
1942-1949
T112
animals
Animal
1,942
1,949
A1
These data indicate that the chronic depressor actions of metformin are enhanced in animals with hypertension exacerbated by a high-salt diet.
1852-2006
1,852
2,006
These data indicate that the chronic depressor actions of metformin are enhanced in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ exacerbated by a high-salt diet.
Fact
preserve
203-205
203-205
T17
in
PROCESS_OF
203
205
preserve
188-202
194-202
T13
blood pressure
Finding
188
202
preserve
206-212
206-212
T14
humans
Human
206
212
A5
Metformin, an antihyperglycemic agent used for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, lowers blood pressure in humans and experimental animals.
89-238
89
238
Metformin, an antihyperglycemic agent used for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, lowers @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and experimental animals.
Fact
preserve
1170-1184
1175-1184
T72
drug treatment
USES
1,170
1,184
preserve
1175-1184
1175-1184
T63
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,175
1,184
preserve
1170-1174
1170-1174
T62
drug
PharmacologicSubstance
1,170
1,174
A6
Although metformin did not affect blood pressure in the animals that ate the normal-salt diet (vehicle, 130+/-3 mm Hg; metformin, 133+/-5 mm Hg; mean+/-SEM), drug treatment blunted the rise in pressure caused by a high-salt diet (vehicle, 153+/-4 mm Hg; metformin, 140+/-5 mm Hg; P<0.001).
1000-1314
1,000
1,314
Although metformin did not affect blood pressure in the animals that ate the normal-salt diet (vehicle, 130+/-3 mm Hg; metformin, 133+/-5 mm Hg; mean+/-SEM), @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ blunted the rise in pressure caused by a high-salt diet (vehicle, 153+/-4 mm Hg; metformin, 140+/-5 mm Hg; P<0.001).
Counterfact
preserve
1033-1039
1033-1039
T71
affect
AFFECTS
1,033
1,039
preserve
1009-1018
1009-1018
T52
metformin
OrganicChemical
1,009
1,018
preserve
1040-1054
1046-1054
T54
blood pressure
Finding
1,040
1,054
A7
Although metformin did not affect blood pressure in the animals that ate the normal-salt diet (vehicle, 130+/-3 mm Hg; metformin, 133+/-5 mm Hg; mean+/-SEM), drug treatment blunted the rise in pressure caused by a high-salt diet (vehicle, 153+/-4 mm Hg; metformin, 140+/-5 mm Hg; P<0.001).
1000-1314
1,000
1,314
Although @SUBJECT$ did not @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ in the animals that ate the normal-salt diet (vehicle, 130+/-3 mm Hg; metformin, 133+/-5 mm Hg; mean+/-SEM), drug treatment blunted the rise in pressure caused by a high-salt diet (vehicle, 153+/-4 mm Hg; metformin, 140+/-5 mm Hg; P<0.001).
Fact
preserve
47-49
47-49
T7
in
PROCESS_OF
47
49
preserve
34-46
34-46
T4
hypertension
DiseaseOrSyndrome
34
46
preserve
50-87
83-87
T5
spontaneously hypertensive rats
Mammal
50
87
A8
Metformin attenuates salt-induced hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
0-88
0
88
Metformin attenuates salt-induced @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .