guid stringlengths 32 32 | question stringlengths 17 440 | answer stringlengths 1 613 | question_category stringclasses 7 values | img_posFacts listlengths 0 2 | txt_posFacts listlengths 0 5 |
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d5d8125c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Metropolitan-Vickers built what, electric versions of which are ideal for commuter rail service with frequent stops? | Locomotives | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Electric locomotives are ideal for commuter rail service with frequent stops. Electric locomotives are used on freight routes with consistently high traffic volumes, or in areas with advanced rail networks. Power plants, even if they burn fossil fuels, are far cleaner than mobile sources such as loco... |
d5d812a20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Where did the painter who said that Cubists invented dazzle spend most of his adult life? | This painter spent most of his adult life in France. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Dazzle attracted the notice of artists such as Picasso, who claimed that Cubists like himself had invented it. Edward Wadsworth, who supervised the camouflaging of over 2,000 ships during the First World War, painted a series of canvases of dazzle ships after the war, based on his wartime work."
},... |
d5d812f20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets performance standards for what piece of machinery or a mechanical system that is dedicated to treat, process, and/or store raw, untreated sewage that can accumulate onboard water vessels? | Marine sanitation device | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A marine sanitation device ( MSD) is a piece of machinery or a mechanical system that is dedicated to treat, process, and/or store raw, untreated sewage that can accumulate onboard water vessels. It does not refer to portable devices such as portable toilets. This section has an unclear citation styl... |
d5d813380dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What primitive ray-finned fishes that includes the sturgeons and paddlefishes have occasionally been found in the waters of the country whose habitats include mountain heath, montane forests, tundra, taiga, beech forests, rivers, lakes, bogs, brackish and marine coasts and cultivated land?? | Acipenseriformes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. The wildlife of Sweden includes the diverse flora and fauna of Sweden. habitats include mountain heath, montane forests, tundra, taiga, beech forests, rivers, lakes, bogs, brackish and marine coasts and cultivated land."
},
{
"text": "The Acip... |
d5d813880dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What French phrase that implies that the monarch of a nation has a God-given right to rule is used as the motto of the Monarch of the United Kingdom outside Scotland? | Dieu et mon droit | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The motto is French for \"God and my right\", meaning that the king is \" Rex Angliae Dei gratia \": King of England by the grace of God. It is used to imply that the monarch of a nation has a God-given (divine) right to rule."
},
{
"text": "Dieu et mon droit (French pronunciation: [djø e mɔ... |
d5d813ce0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who was Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi and when was he consul? | Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi was tribune of the plebs in 90 BC, or less likely 89, and may be identical with the praetor of 74. He was consul in 133 BC. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "They were descendants of the Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi who was consul in 133 BC and who established the addition of Frugi as an agnomen that was passed down through the family."
},
{
"text": "Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi was tribune of the plebs in 90 BC, or less likely 89, and may be iden... |
d5d814140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which of the following types of organizations would pertain to a 501 (h) election: charitable, scientific, and/or industrial? | Charitable and scientific | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A 501 (h) election or Conable election is a procedure in United States tax law that allows a 501 (c) (3) non-profit organization to participate in lobbying limited only by the financial expenditure on that lobbying, regardless of its overall extent."
},
{
"text": "501 (c) (3) tax-exemptions a... |
d5d8145a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The third Lord Chancellor of England was succeeded by whom? | Maurice, the third Lord Chancellor of England, was succeeded by Gerard in 1085. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Maurice (died 1107) was the third Lord Chancellor and Lord Keeper of England, as well as Bishop of London . Maurice was Archdeacon of Le Mans before being named Chancellor in about 1078."
},
{
"text": "Maurice was Archdeacon of Le Mans before being named Chancellor in about 1078.[1] He held t... |
d5d814aa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many scale degrees at minimum does the scale derived from the harmonic series as the interval between the fifth and sixth harmonics? | Three | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The minor third may be derived from the harmonic series as the interval between the fifth and sixth harmonics, or from the 19th harmonic . The minor third is commonly used to express sadness in music, and research shows that this mirrors its use in speech, as a tone similar to a minor third is produc... |
d5d814f00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The person who eliminated the first two chapters of Luke concerning the nativity thought the Jewish scriptures should be interpreted how? | Literally | text | [] | [
{
"text": "This view, that the Gospel of Marcion was a revision of the Gospel of Luke, is the traditional view, and may be called the Patristic hypothesis. According to this view, Marcion eliminated the first two chapters of Luke concerning the nativity, and began his gospel at Capernaum making modifications to... |
d5d815400dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | When water is pumped into a non-pressurized tank and agitated, what process is this, which can happen in a lake from infusion of air and surface agitation? | Aeration. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "During aeration, water is pumped into a non-pressurized tank and agitated. This physically removes many of the sulfur compounds, which are then vented. Exposure to oxygen in the air also oxidizes some of the compounds, creating atomic sulfur which can be filtered from the water. Aeration is also an e... |
d5d815860dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The things that have some kind of roof or canopy fitted, covering the man stand (where the driver operates the controls) and the crankshaft area are sometimes called a certain type of locomotive to distinguish them from what? | Railway locomotives | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Most road locomotives have some kind of roof or canopy fitted, covering the man stand (where the driver operates the controls) and the crankshaft area. The canopy of a showman's engine extends forward of the chimney to protect the dynamo from rain ingress."
},
{
"text": "They are sometimes ca... |
d5d815d60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What U.S. Highway is the best way to travel from Laurel, Delaware to New York if someone wants to visit the historic home of President Franklin D. Roosevelt on the way? | U.S. Route 9. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "U.S. Route 9 ( US 9) is a U.S. highway in the northeast United States, running from Laurel, Delaware north to Champlain, New York."
},
{
"text": "U.S. Route 9 in New York: It is Broadway in Upper Manhattan, the Bronx and much of Westchester County, and uses parts of the old Albany Post Road i... |
d5d8161c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The provincial capital of Santo Domingo province in the Dominican Republic has what housing complex built for the athletes of the 2003 Pan American Games? | Santo Domingo Este includes the Villa Panamericana. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Santo Domingo Este is a municipality and the provincial capital of the Santo Domingo province in the Dominican Republic. It has one municipal district ( distrito municipal ), San Luis."
},
{
"text": "Santo Domingo Este has a variety of shopping centers, some of them among the largest in the c... |
d5d816620dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | On wikipedia, what is the main article for the part of philosophy that studies the sciences? | Philosophy of science | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Philosophy of science is the part of philosophy that studies the sciences . Philosophers who are interested in science study how knowledge is built up by scientists, and what makes science different from other activities. No doubt, modern science has advanced knowledge in a wide range of fields. How ... |
d5d816a80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the highest peak on the continent that the Serritermitidae are endemic to? | Aconcagua is the highest peak in South America, the continent that the Serritermitidae are endemic to. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Serritermitidae is a family of termites belonging to the infraorder Isoptera in the order Blattodea. The family includes only a few species, which live in South America. These termites are much like the family Rhinotermitidae, to which they are related. The soldiers' jaws are sharply toothed on the i... |
d5d816ee0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was the compound mixed with ethyl alcohol in the V-2 rockets developed by Nazi germany used in any earlier rockets? | Liquid oxygen—abbreviated LOx, LOX was used as the oxidizer in the first liquid-fueled rocket invented in 1926. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The V-2 rockets developed by Nazi Germany used LOX and ethyl alcohol. One of the main advantages of alcohol was its water content which provided cooling in larger rocket engines. Petroleum-based fuels offered more power than alcohol, but standard gasoline and kerosene left too much silt and combustio... |
d5d8173e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Of Gaius Julius Caesar and Trajan, which would have existed further after the death of Jesus? | Trajan would have existed further after. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "At the beginning of the 2nd AD century Roman emperor Trajan founded here, as a part of the provincial policy, two cities of Greek type (i.e. city-states), Traianoupolis and Plotinopolis."
},
{
"text": "Gaius Julius Caesar granted the inhabitants of this region Roman citizenship and incorporat... |
d5d817ca0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is Chloroplatinic acid and how is it produced? | Chloroplatinic acid (also known as hexachloroplatinic acid) is an inorganic compound with the formula [H 3 O] 2 [PtCl 6 ] (H 2 O) x (0 ≤ x ≤ 6). It may be produced via a variety of methods. The most common of these methods involves dissolution of platinum in aqua regia. Other methods include exposing an aqueous suspension of platinum particles to chlorine gas, or via electrolysis. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Chloroplatinic acid (also known as hexachloroplatinic acid) is an inorganic compound with the formula [H 3 O] 2 [PtCl 6 ] (H 2 O) x (0 ≤ x ≤ 6). A red solid, it is an important commercial source of platinum, usually as an aqueous solution."
},
{
"text": "Hexachloroplatinic acid may be produce... |
d5d818100dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which element is shared by both phenylacetone and phenylacetoneis besides Hydrogen and Oxygen? | Carbon. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Synthesis[edit] One method of creating phenylacetone is via: phenylacetic acid(C8H8O2) + acetic anhydride(C4H6O3) + pyridinecatalyst → phenylacetone (C9H10O) + carbon dioxide(CO2) + water(H2O) Sodium acetatehas been used instead of pyridine."
},
{
"text": "Phenylacetoneis an organic compound... |
d5d818600dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is an ofuda and what is a smaller portable version of it called? | In Japanese religion, an ofuda is a talisman made out of various materials such as paper, wood, cloth or metal and a smaller portable version is known as as Omamori. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Omamori, another kind of Japanese amulet, originated and may be considered as a smaller, portable version of ofuda . Ofuda ( gofu) distributed in Kinkakuji (left) and Ginkakuji (right) in Kyoto."
},
{
"text": "In Japanese religion, an ofuda (お札 or 御札, honorific form of fuda, \"slip (of paper)... |
d5d8189c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the main ingredient of the material between a eukaryotic organism's cells? | The main ingredients of the extracellular matrix are glycoproteins secreted by the cells. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In biology, matrix (plural: matrices) is the material (or tissue) in between a eukaryotic organism's cells . The structure of connective tissues is an extracellular matrix. Finger nails and toenails grow from matrices. It is found in various connective tissues."
},
{
"text": "The main ingredi... |
d5d819140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | All what, which is according to common standard the subdivision of the national armed forces of a sovereign nation or state, of the United States armed forces – the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force have fielded special operations units? | Branches | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Most units were created to fulfil categorical obligations within a particular conflict, and were disbanded once that conflict ended. All branches of the United States armed forces – the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force have fielded special operations units. For subsisting special operations uni... |
d5d8193c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The animal that South Koreans use for a food called nakji is from a scientific class that is translated as what phrase? | The octopus minor is from Cephalopoda, which means "head foot". | text | [] | [
{
"text": "This can also present a choking hazard for some people, particularly if they are intoxicated. Vocabularies in the two Koreas differ on nakji: South Koreans call Octopus minor, a small kind of octopus (often mistranslated as \"baby octopus\") nakji, while North Koreans call a squid nakji ( nakchi in M... |
d5d8196e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | People having what against themselves, often used when people dislike another group of people that are different from them, can cause their own depression? | Prejudice | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The word \"prejudice\" is often used when people dislike another group of people that are different from them. They may decide they do not like them because of their skin color (this is \"racial prejudice\"), religion (religious prejudice) or nationality. Such prejudices can lead to discrimination, h... |
d5d819a00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | A European and North American "milk-cap" mushroom, of which the milk turns violet when the flesh is damaged, is part of what genus? | Lactarius | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The fungi generally identified as L. uvidus are part of a complex of closely related species and varieties which are difficult to delimit definitively. It gives its name to the section Uvidi within the genus Lactarius."
},
{
"text": "Lactarius uvidus is a European and North American \"milk-ca... |
d5d819d20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did Euripides exist before or after Lucius Aurelius Orestes? | He existed before. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Orestes ( Ancient Greek: Ὀρέστης, Orestēs) (408 BCE) is an Ancient Greek play by Euripides that follows the events of Orestes after he had murdered his mother."
},
{
"text": "Perhaps his distinguished service in Spain convinced Scaurus to enga... |
d5d81a040dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is an event (particle physics) and why does it not have the same meaning as it does. | In particle physics, an event refers to the results just after a fundamental interaction took place between subatomic particles, occurring in a very short time span, at a well-localized region of space. Because of the uncertainty principle, an event in particle physics does not have quite the same meaning as it does in the theory of relativity. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In particle physics, an event refers to the results just after a fundamental interaction took place between subatomic particles, occurring in a very short time span, at a well-localized region of space."
},
{
"text": "Because of the uncertainty principle, an event in particle physics does not... |
d5d81a2c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What honorary name is used to describe the Pennsylvania interstate highway that marks the ending point of Interstate 380 in Scranton? | Interstate 81 is known as the American Legion Memorial Highway | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Interstate 81 is the longest north-south interstate in Pennsylvania. It enters the state at the Maryland state line in Franklin County and heads northeast to Scranton, bypassing Harrisburg, before turning north for New York. It is known as the American Legion Memorial Highway while in Pennsylvania."
... |
d5d81a7c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The snake represented wisdom to people in what place that adopted its coat of arms when it was under Spanish rule? | Mexico | text | [] | [
{
"text": "To the Mexicas, the snake represented wisdom, and it had strong connotations with the god Quetzalcoatl. The story of the snake was derived from an incorrect translation of the Crónica Mexicáyotl by Fernando Alvarado Tezozómoc."
},
{
"text": "Mexico adopted its coat of arms when it was under S... |
d5d81af40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Is the source of the Indus river in any of the countries that the Hindu Kush mountain range covers? | no | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The ultimate source of the Indus is in Tibet; the river begins at the confluence of the Sengge Zangbo and Gar Tsangpo rivers that drain the Nganglong Kangri and Gangdise Shan (Gang Rinpoche, Mt. Kailash) mountain ranges. The Indus then flows northwest through Ladakh, India, and Baltistan into Gilgit,... |
d5d81b1c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Spielberg and Scorsese have both won what award? | Academy award | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler's List and Saving Private Ryan, as well as receiving five other nominations. Three of Spielberg's films— Jaws, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, and Jurassic Park —achieved box office records, originated, and came to epitomize the blockbuster ... |
d5d81ba80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The geological stage that follows the Langhian was named by which person? | The Serravallian, the geological stage that follows the Langhian, was named by Lorenzo Pareto. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Langhian is preceded by the Burdigalian and followed by the Serravallian stage. The base of the Langhian is defined by the first appearance of foraminifer species Praeorbulina glomerosa and is also coeval with the top of magnetic chronozone C5Cn.1n."
},
{
"text": "The Serravallian stage w... |
d5d81bd00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What concept is used to determine the ratio of the buildings floor area and is a poor predictor of physical form? | FAR or Floor Area Ratio | text | [] | [
{
"text": "FAR, a poor predictor of physical form, should not be used when the objective is to conserve and enhance neighborhood character; whereas traditional design standards (height, lot coverage and setbacks or build-to lines) enable anyone to make reasonably accurate predictions, recognize violations, and ... |
d5d81c020dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The adult females of Lacedo pulchella have what color bars on the chest and flanks? | Female adult banded kingfishers have black bars on the chest and flanks. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The banded kingfisher ( Lacedo pulchella) is a tree kingfisher found in lowland tropical forests of southeast Asia. It is the only member of the genus Lacedo. Male and female adults are very different in plumage. The male has a bright blue crown with black and blue banding on the back."
},
{
... |
d5d81c2a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What year was the novel published that popularized this name for women, where before it was generally a given name for men, and which is a name of Old French origin and may have originally been a locational surname from places in the regions of Loiret and Gâtinais? | Courtney" gained acceptance as a first name for women following the 1956 publication of Chocolates for Breakfast, by Pamela Moore. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Courtney is a name of Old French origin, introduced into England after the Norman Conquest of 1066. It has two quite distinct interpretations: firstly, the surname may be locational, from places called Courtenay in the regions of Loiret and Gâtinais."
},
{
"text": "Courtney was used as a give... |
d5d81c840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are you more likely to see a Pika or a Puca in real life? | You would see a Pika. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pikas are native to cold climates, mostly in Asia, North America, and parts of Eastern Europe. Most species live on rocky mountainsides, where numerous crevices are available for their shelter, although some pikas also construct crude burrows."
},
{
"text": "According to legend, the púca is a... |
d5d81cac0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which star is visible in the location where all visible stars are circumpolar? | Polaris | text | [] | [
{
"text": "At the Earth's North Pole, the north celestial pole is directly overhead, and all stars that are visible at all (that is, all stars in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere) are circumpolar. As one travels south, the north celestial pole moves towards the northern horizon."
},
{
"text": "Because ... |
d5d81cde0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | When examining the scientific study of plants, what branch deals with recovery and identification of plant remains? | Paleobotany | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Plants include familiar types such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant (living) species of plants."
},
{
"text": "Paleobotany, which is also spelled as palaeobotany, is th... |
d5d81d060dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Little Catawissa Creek and Tomhicken Creek are tributaries of a creek that starts in what county? | Luzerne County | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Most of the steeper hills in the watershed are situated near the headwaters of the creek. Coal mining was once a major industry in the Catawissa Creek watershed, but this is no longer the case. Major tributaries of Catawissa Creek include Little Catawissa Creek and Tomhicken Creek."
},
{
"tex... |
d5d81d6a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Sgùrr na Ciste Duibhe and Sgùrr Fhuaran are both what? | Munros | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Sgùrr na Ciste Duibhe reaches a height of 1027 metres (3369 feet) making it Munro number 104 in terms of height. It is one of three Munros which make up the Five Sisters of Kintail group of hills (the others being Sgùrr Fhuaran and Sgùrr na Càrnach) and is often climbed as part of the walk which take... |
d5d81d920dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the sister group of the order that includes the Amazon sailfin catfish? | The Gymnotiformes are the sister group of the Siluriformes, the order that includes the Amazon sailfin catfish. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pterygoplichthys pardalis, the Amazon sailfin catfish, is a freshwater tropical fish in the armored catfish family ( Loricariidae ). It is one of a number of species commonly referred to as the common pleco or \"leopard pleco\" by aquarists . The species will grow to a maximum length of 49 centimetre... |
d5d81dc40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 and Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 are both types of what? | Enzymes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP2K5 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase family. This kinase specifically interacts with and activates MAPK7/ERK5."
... |
d5d81eaa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is one of the largest brands of spirits in the world that was established in 1879 by Lars Olsson Smith? | Absolut | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Absolut is one of the largest brands of spirits in the world (after Smirnoff, Bacardi) and is sold in 126 countries. Absolut practices a One Source production philosophy, meaning that all of their production takes place in and around the village of Åhus, Sweden."
},
{
"text": "Absolut was est... |
d5d81edc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In COVID-19 sufferers, what result of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines may cause a cytokine storm? | Chronic systemic inflammation. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Chronic systemic inflammation (SI) is the result of release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from immune-related cells and the chronic activation of the innate immune system . It can contribute to the development or progression of certain conditions such as coronary heart disease."
}
] |
d5d81f360dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Robinia and Pheretima are both examples of what taxonomic classification? | Genus | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pheretima is a genus of earthworms found mostly in New Guinea and parts of Southeast Asia . Species belonging to the genus Pheretima have a clitellum, which is a band of glandular tissue present on segments 14 to 16."
},
{
"text": "Robinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae... |
d5d81f5e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the abbreviation for the academic disciplines used as an academic counterpart to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in the United States, Canada, Australia, and other countries whose graduates comprise them majority of the workforce in many developed countries (e.g. 64% in Australia)? | HASS. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Humanities, arts, and social sciences ( HASS) is a broad term used to group together the academic disciplines of humanities, arts and social sciences. It is used as an academic counterpart to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in the United States, Canada, Australia, and other countrie... |
d5d81f900dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The land also known as Hōrai is said to be one of five islands, the other four of which are called what? | The other 4 islands are Fāngzhàng, Yíngzhōu, Dàiyú, and Yuánjiāo. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "'Penglai Immortal Island') is a legendary land of Chinese mythology. It is known in Japanese mythology as Hōrai."
},
{
"text": "According to the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the mountain is said to be on an island in the eastern end of Bohai Sea, along with four other islands where the immo... |
d5d81fb80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What castle in the Dordogne département of France served as the location of the 1978 TV mini-series Gaston Phébus? | The Château de Beynac was the location for Gaston Phébus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Château de Beynac is a castle situated in the commune of Beynac-et-Cazenac, in the Dordogne département of France. The castle is one of the best-preserved and best known in the region."
},
{
"text": "The Château de Beynac has been listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of ... |
d5d81fe00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the capital of the country that borders Sweden, Norway and Russia? | Helsinki is the capital of Finland, the country that borders Sweden, Norway and Russia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, as well as Sweden, Norway, and Russia, Finland is the northernmost country in the European Union. Most of the population and agricultural resources are concentrated in the south. Northern and eastern Finland are sparsely populated contai... |
d5d820120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the savory cooking liquid that forms the basis of many dishes, how is the liquid thickened when it is simmered from animal bones? | The animal bones in stock contain collagen, which is converted into gelatin that thickens the liquid. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Stock, sometimes called bone broth, is a savory cooking liquid that forms the basis of many dishes, particularly soups, stews and sauces. Making stock involves simmering animal bones, meat, seafood, or vegetables in water or wine, often for an extended period of time."
},
{
"text": "The flavo... |
d5d820440dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The human retina contains how many photoreceptive cells? | About 126 million | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Rod and cone cells in the retina are photoreceptive cells which are able to detect visible light and convey this information to the brain. Eyes signal information which is used by the brain to elicit the perception of color, shape, depth, movement, and other features. The eye is part of the sensory n... |
d5d8206c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Nearest neighbor interpolation which uses the value of the data point or measurement which is closest to the current point and can be demonstrated with 2D colored cells and black points is considered as what kind of process? | Interpolation. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Interpolation is a process which constructs a continuous function from a set of points. In nearest-neighbor interpolation, the idea is to use the value of the data point or measurement which is closest to the current point."
},
{
"text": "Example of nearest neighbor interpolation of a random ... |
d5d8212a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Comamonas acidovorans, Comamonas testosteroni, and D. acidovorans are all examples of what? | Gram-negative bacterium | text | [] | [
{
"text": "D. acidovorans is a saphrophyte, Gram-negative, non-sporulating, non-denitrifying, non-fermentative rod shaped bacterium. D. acidovorans exists as a single cell or in pairs that are 0.4-0.8 ųM wide and 2.5-4.1 ųM long. D. acidovorans is motile through polar or bipolar tufts of flagella."
},
{
... |
d5d821520dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kinds of wood would most likely be put inside of a kōgō? | Agarwood and sandalwood are the main ingredients in Japanese incense, and a kōgō is a container for incense. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Hibashi (火箸, lit., \"fire chopsticks\") - metal chopsticks used to handle charcoal. Kōgō (香合) is a small lidded container for the incense that is added to the charcoal fire during the charcoal-laying procedure. For the kneaded incense ( nerikō) that is used in a sunken hearth ( ro ), the container is... |
d5d8217a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Nashville Terminal Subdivision in Tennessee and The Atlanta Terminal Subdivision in Georgia are both owned by what entity? | CSX Transportation. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Nashville Terminal Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The Subdivision is broken up into five sections, all in Nashville, Tennessee ."
},
{
"text": "The Atlanta Terminal Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in th... |
d5d821d40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The state of Mississippi controls at least 11 exclaves on the west bank of the Mississippi River in what state that Dr. Timothy Burr migrated to from Mt. Vernon, Ohio? | Louisiana | text | [] | [
{
"text": "During this period, Dr. Timothy Burr, a Massachusetts native who had migrated to Louisiana from Mt. Vernon, Ohio, established the community of Burr Ferry at his landing on the Sabine River. This community became known as the \"Gateway to Louisiana \" from the west."
},
{
"text": "The Kentucky... |
d5d822060dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In DC comics, a fictional German Shepherd superhero dog was commonly the canine crime-fighting partner of what characters? | Ace the Bat-Hound was commonly the canine crime-fighting partner of Batman and Robin. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ace was a German Shepherd Dog originally owned by an engraver named John Wilker. He was found by Batman and Robin after his master was kidnapped by a gang of counterfeiters. Batman used Ace to try to locate Wilker."
},
{
"text": "Ace the Bat-Hound is a fictional superhero dog appearing in Ame... |
d5d822420dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In Saudi Arabia, religious police actively prevent the practice or proselytizing of non-Islamic what, which the Constitution of the Republic of China provides for freedom of? | Religion | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In Saudi Arabia, religious police actively prevent the practice or proselytizing of non-Islamic religions within Arabia, where they are banned. This included the ban of the film, The Passion of the Christ . A page from a 15th-century illustrated copy of a book by Al-Bīrūnī, depicting Muhammad at the ... |
d5d8229c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Does the Inner Belt have more or less lanes than the number of segments of Massachusetts Route 3? | It has more lanes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Massachusetts Route 3 can be said to have three segments: the Pilgrims Highway, the concurrency with Interstate 93, and the section north of I-93 in Boston. Pilgrims Highway is the part of Route 3 that stretches from the intersection with US 6 in Bourne to the junction with Interstate 93 in Braintree... |
d5d822ce0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What term that is generally used to refer to the Long Island coastline in Nassau and Suffolk counties is also home to the world-renowned seaside resort of The Hamptons? | South Shore | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Though some consider the South Shore to include parts of Queens, particularly the beach communities in the Rockaways such as Belle Harbor, the term is generally used to refer to the Long Island coastline in Nassau and Suffolk counties."
},
{
"text": "The South Shore is also home to the world-... |
d5d822f60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which culture seasons their dishes with sesame oil and enjoy traditional games like Tuho? | The Korean culture. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Generally, Korean dishes are seasoned with sesame oil, soy bean paste, soy sauce, salt, ginger and chilli pepper paste. The most famous traditional food of Korea, kimchi, is eaten with nearly every meal. There are lots of popular South Korean typical foods such as bibimbap, tteokbokki, and bulgogi."
... |
d5d8231e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The cosmodrome and launch pads are both used for what? | Sending objects into space | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A spacecraft is a vehicle that can carry people and cargo beyond the Earth 's atmosphere, through space to other planetary bodies, space stations, or orbits and back home again. Spacecraft which are launched from the surface of a planet are called launch vehicles and usually take-off from launch pads... |
d5d823500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Principality of Andorra, a sovereign landlocked micro-state on the Iberian Peninsula, was believed to have been created by whom? | Andorra was believed to have been created by Charlemagne. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Believed to have been created by Charlemagne, Andorra was ruled by the count of Urgell until 988, when it was transferred to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell. The present principality was formed by a charter in 1278. It is headed by two co-princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Catalonia, Spain and the... |
d5d823aa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What were both Charles George Gass and George "Buzz" Beurling? | Aces. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The most notable example of a non-pilot ace in World War I is Charles George Gass with 39 accredited aerial victories. Between the two world wars, there were two theaters that produced flying aces, the Spanish Civil War and the Second Sino-Japanese War ."
},
{
"text": "They achieved this whil... |
d5d823fa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What class of drugs treat high fever and suppress the histamine-induced wheal response? | Antihistamines. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Antihistamines suppress the histamine-induced wheal response (swelling) and flare response (vasodilation) by blocking the binding of histamine to its receptors or reducing histamine receptor activity on nerves, vascular smooth muscle, glandular cells, endothelium, and mast cells ."
},
{
"text... |
d5d824540dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is Sodium citrate used for and what is it sometimes referred to as? | Sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda. It is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor. It is sometimes referred to simply as " sodium citrate ". | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It is sometimes referred to simply as \" sodium citrate \", though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid. It possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor, and is a mild alkaline . Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative. ... |
d5d824860dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Dauphiné Alps are part of what, which are the portions of the Alps mountain range that stand within France? | French Alps | text | [] | [
{
"text": "/ 45.050°N 5.800°E / 45.050; 5.800 Belledonne (French: La chaine de Belledonne) is a mountain range (French: massif) in the Dauphiné Alps (part of the French Alps) in southeast France. The southern end of the range forms the eastern wall of the mountains that surround the city of Grenoble ."
},... |
d5d824b80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Histone acetyltransferases and Choline acetyltransferase are both part of what enzyme type involved in transferring an acetyl group? | Acetyltransferase | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Histone acetyltransferases ( HATs) are enzymes that acetylate conserved lysine amino acids on histone proteins by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to form ε- N -acetyllysine. DNA is wrapped around histones, and, by transferring an acetyl group to the histones, genes can be turned on and o... |
d5d824ea0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of cell is a non-ciliated epithelial cell within the uterine tube (oviduct or Fallopian tube). That is cells are also known as an intercalated or intercalary cell that represent one of 3 epithelial cell types found within the normal fallopian tube epithelium and are the most infrequent (<10% of total cells)? | Peg cell | text | [] | [
{
"text": "These cells are also known as an intercalated or intercalary cell. These cells represent one of 3 epithelial cell types found within the normal fallopian tube epithelium and are the most infrequent (<10% of total cells). The other two cell types include ciliated columnar and non-ciliated secretory ce... |
d5d825120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of physics, whose evolutionary theory holds that most evolutionary changes occur at the molecular level, physics is concerned with atomic processes in molecules? | Molecular | text | [] | [
{
"text": "One important aspect of molecular physics is that the essential atomic orbital theory in the field of atomic physics expands to the molecular orbital theory. Molecular physics is concerned with atomic processes in molecules, but it is additionally concerned with effects due to the molecular structure... |
d5d825440dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The coral snake that is endemic to the southeastern United States belongs to a genus with how many species? | The eastern coral snake, the coral snake species that is endemic to the United States, belongs to the genus Micrurus, which has 80 species. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Micrurus fulvius, commonly known as the eastern coral snake, common coral snake, American cobra, and more, is a species of highly venomous coral snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to the southeastern United States."
},
{
"text": "Micrurus is a genus of venomous coral snakes ... |
d5d8256c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What consists of three different disciplines in the sports that have its headquarters is in Munich? | Pistol, Rifle and Shotgun. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The ISSF headquarters is in Munich, Germany. The ISSF recognizes the following competitions as ISSF Championships : Regional championships, such as the European Championships or the Pan-American Games, with regularity that is decided on the regional level"
},
{
"text": "Shooting sports curren... |
d5d8259e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | A route that branches off a U.S. Highway in order to divert traffic from the main highway is one of a type of route which has how many main types? | 4 | text | [] | [
{
"text": "US nn) A special route of the United States Numbered Highway System is a route that branches off a U.S. Highway in order to divert traffic from the main highway."
},
{
"text": "There are four main types of special routes — alternate, business, bypass, and temporary; though other route types e... |
d5d825d00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Malay has been used as a lingua franca in an archipeligo where what is the official language? | Indonesian | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands and Lampungic branches are endemic to the island. Like all parts of Indonesia, Indonesian (which was based on Riau Malay) is the official language and the main lingua franca."
},
{
"text": "Classical Malay had emerged as a literary language in the royal court... |
d5d825f80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The African snook was first introduced to the Lake Victoria region in which year? | The African snook, or Nile perch, was first introduced to the Lake Victoria region in 1954. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Nile perch ( Lates niloticus ), also known as the African snook, Goliath perch, Giant lates or the Victoria perch, is a species of freshwater fish in family Latidae of order Perciformes."
},
{
"text": "The first introduction of Nile perch to the region, done by the Uganda Game and Fisheri... |
d5d8262a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Aside from the humanoid Cylon model that viewers witness first in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica, which other Cylon model is the most common in the series? | Cylon model Eight | text | [] | [
{
"text": "She is portrayed by Grace Park. Two prominent Number Eight copies serving as Galactica pilots are Sharon Valerii and Sharon Agathon, using the call signs \" Boomer \" and \" Athena \", respectively. Cylon models Six and Eight are the most common in the series."
},
{
"text": "Number Six is a h... |
d5d8265c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Aerial Lift Bridge and Martin Olav Sabo Bridge are both in what state? | Minnesota | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Downtown Minneapolis and the Martin Olav Sabo Bridge from the Hiawatha Avenue bridge over Lake Street, on the METRO Blue Line light rail train. The Martin Olav Sabo Bridge is a bridge in the city of Minneapolis and the first cable-stayed suspension bridge in the U.S. state of Minnesota."
},
{
... |
d5d826840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The "Urban Network" is the name given to commercial rail lines in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area by whom, also known as West Japan Railway Company? | JR-West | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The \"Urban Network\" is JR-West's name for its commuter rail lines in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area. These lines together comprise 610 km of track, have 245 stations and account for about 40% of JR-West's passenger revenues. Urban Network stations are equipped to handle ICOCA fare cards."
... |
d5d826de0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is feces and what is it used for? | Feces ( or faeces) is the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine. Feces can be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner in agriculture. It can also be burned as fuel or dried and used for construction. Some medicinal uses have been found. In the case of human feces, fecal transplants or fecal bacteriotherapy are in use. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Feces ( or faeces) is the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine. Feces contains a relatively small amount of metabolic waste products such as bacterially altered bilirubin, and dead epithelial cell... |
d5d827100dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What sound does Gallinago solitaria make when it takes off? | They make a hoarse kensh call | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The solitary snipe ( Gallinago solitaria) is a small stocky wader. It is found in the Palearctic from northeast Iran to Japan and Korea. This is a large and heavy snipe 29–31 cm long with a stocky body and relatively short legs for a wader."
},
{
"text": "The solitary snipe makes a hoarse ken... |
d5d827380dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The body of water that lies along the Prime meridian in Ghana and the 137,700 acres big body of water with many shallow reefs are both kinds of what? | Lakes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It is completely within the country of Ghana and has a surface area of 8,502 square kilometres (3,283 sq mi; 2,101,000 acres). It extends from Akosombo in the south to the northern part of the country. Lake Volta lies along the Prime meridian, and just six degrees of latitude north of the Equator."
... |
d5d8276a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | HD 149143 is the name of what thing for which Friedrich W. Argelander developed a naming convention? | Star | text | [] | [
{
"text": "This variable star naming convention was developed by Friedrich W. Argelander. There is a widespread belief according to which Argelander chose the letter R for German rot or French rouge, both meaning \"red\", because many variable stars known at that time appear red. However, Argelander's own state... |
d5d8279c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Sanda Island is a small island in what Scottish authority council area who administrative center is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle? | It's in Argyll and Bute council area. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Sanda Island ( Scottish Gaelic: Sandaigh) is a small island in Argyll and Bute, Scotland, off the southern tip of the Kintyre peninsula, near Southend and Dunaverty Castle . / 55.28; -5.58 On clear days Sanda can be seen from the southern tip of the Kintyre peninsula, from the Isle of Arran and from ... |
d5d827c40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The problem of what, which according to Ockham, are just words or concepts that only exist in the mind and have no real place in the external world, relates to various inquiries closely related to metaphysics, logic, and epistemology? | Universals | text | [] | [
{
"text": "According to Ockham, universals are just words or concepts (at best) that only exist in the mind and have no real place in the external world. His opposition to universals was not based on his eponymous Razor, but rather he found that regarding them as real was contradictory in some sense."
},
{
... |
d5d827f60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Swifts are small what, of which R. regulus is an example? | Birds | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Its colourful golden crest feathers gives rise to its popular name. The scientific name, R. regulus, means king or knight. There are several subspecies. The bird has a very large distribution range: much of the Palearctic and the islands of Macaronesia and Iceland."
},
{
"text": "Swifts are s... |
d5d8281e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Where is the widest river in the world located? | The Río de la Plata is located in South America and runs along Buenos Aires in Argentina. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Buenos Aires ( / ˌbweɪnəs ˈɛəriːz / or /- ˈaɪrɪs /; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbwenos ˈajɾes] ), officially Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the capital and largest city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South America's southeastern coast."
},
{
... |
d5d828500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What created the pyroclastic fragments that form the type of cones that appear in the Boring Lava Field? | These fragments are created by explosive eruptions or lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Boring Lava Field (also known as the Boring Volcanic Field) is a Plio-Pleistocene volcanic field with cinder cones, small shield volcanoes, and lava flows in the northern Willamette Valley of the U.S. state of Oregon and adjacent southwest Washington state."
},
{
"text": "A cinder cone is... |
d5d828820dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Threskiornis melanocephalus and Eudocimus albus are both species of what? | Birds | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The American white ibis ( Eudocimus albus) is a species of bird in the ibis family, Threskiornithidae. It is found from Virginia via the Gulf Coast of the United States south through most of the coastal New World tropics."
},
{
"text": "The black-headed ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus), als... |
d5d828aa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is a cyclic model and when was the possibility first considered? | A cyclic model (or oscillating model) is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, or indefinite, self-sustaining cycles.In the 1920s, theoretical physicists, most notably Albert Einstein, considered the possibility of a cyclic model for the universe as an (everlasting) alternative to the model of an expanding universe. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A cyclic model (or oscillating model) is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, or indefinite, self-sustaining cycles."
},
{
"text": "In the 1920s, theoretical physicists, most notably Albert Einstein, considered the possibility of a cyclic model for the un... |
d5d828e60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The many-worlds interpretation is by far the most fantastic what, defined as a conceptual scheme that proposes to relate the mathematical formalism to the physical phenomena of interest? | An interpretation of quantum mechanics | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The many-worlds interpretation is by far the most fantastic interpretation of quantum mechanics. This interpretation says that rather than the wavefunction collapsing, each possibility actually occurs, but in separate universes. This means that the universes branch off for each possibility."
},
{... |
d5d829220dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | baluensis and nasuta are both part of what group? | Megophrys | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Kinabalu horned frog or Balu spadefoot toad ( Megophrys baluensis) is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to northeastern Borneo in Sabah, Malaysia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers."
},
{
"text": "The long-nose... |
d5d8297c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What island near the larger wildlife refuge of Howland Island contains as cemetery and rubble from earlier settlements? | Baker Island | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Howland and Baker Islands are two uninhabited U.S. atolls in the Equatorial Pacific that are located close to one another. Both islands are wildlife refuges, the larger of which is Howland Island. The pair of islands may also be referred to as Baker and Howland Islands."
},
{
"text": "Baker I... |
d5d829ae0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the lands of Clan Ogilvy, who was the mormaer from 1214 to 1240? | Máel Coluim. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Máel Coluim, Earl of Angus, was a Scottish nobleman who was mormaer of Angus roughly from 1214 to 1240. He was the last of his family in the male line with title over that province. He married Mary, daughter and heiress of Humphrey de Berkeley. They had one son, Richard, and a daughter, Matilda, who ... |
d5d829ea0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | A person who cleans bodies in the place used for the storage of human corpses awaiting identification or removal for autopsy or respectful burial is known as a what? | A diener, morgue attendant, mortician or autopsy technician | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A close-up view of a dead body in the morgue in Charité. A morgue or mortuary (in a hospital or elsewhere) is a place used for the storage of human corpses awaiting identification or removal for autopsy or respectful burial, cremation or other method. In modern times, corpses have customarily been re... |
d5d82a120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the short scenic hike meant for those who are blind at the mountain at the north end of the Laramie mountains? | The Braille Trail is a short scenic hike at Casper Mountain. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Casper Mountain is located at the north end of the Laramie Mountains overlooking Casper, Wyoming along the North Platte River. At a top elevation of 8,130 feet (2,478 m), the mountain rises approximately 3,000 feet (914 m) above Casper. Casper Mountain is largely privately owned, however there are se... |
d5d82a440dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The foot mucus of a gastropod has some of the qualities of glue and some of the qualities of a lubricant, allowing what, which Heliciculture involves the raising of edible versions of, to crawl up vertical surfaces without falling off? | Land Snails | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The foot mucus of a gastropod has some of the qualities of glue and some of the qualities of a lubricant, allowing land snails to crawl up vertical surfaces without falling off. The slime trail that a land gastropod leaves behind is often visible as a silvery track on surfaces such as stone or concre... |
d5d82a760dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did Emperor Jing grant Changsha to Liu Fa before or after the death of Emperor Ling? | It was before. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "After the extinction of this house, Emperor Jing granted Changsha to his son Liu Fa ( 劉 發, Liú Fā) in 155 BC. Fa's mother, Tang ( 唐, Táng ), was a servant of the Emperor's concubine Cheng ( 程, Chéng) and had given birth to Fa after the intoxicated emperor had mistaken her for his favorite concubine."... |
d5d82a940dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What were both Carthage in the American Civil War and Colline Gate in the Third Servile War? | Battles. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The following Missouri units and commanders fought in the Battle of Carthage of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is listed separately. Note: Several independent cavalry units were attached to Rains' Eighth Division."
},
{
"text": "Marcus Licinius Crassus (c. 115 BC – 53 BC) w... |
d5d82ac60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The peninsula that lies wholly within the department of Manche lies southwest to what historic country and cultural region in the west of modern France? | Brittany. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Brittany ( / ˈbrɪtəni /; French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ( listen); Breton: Breizh, pronounced [bʁɛjs] or [bʁɛx]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is a peninsula, an historic country and cultural region in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Rom... |
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