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Mitchell's Christian Singers were an American gospel music group who recorded prolifically between 1934 and 1940. ==Musical career== Formed in the early 1930s in Kinston, North Carolina, the group initially featured William Brown (lead tenor), Julius Davis (tenor), Louis "Panella" David (baritone) and Lewis Herring (bass), all former farmers. Later, two of them drove trucks, one was a carpenter and one a tobacco-factory hand. Good friends, they gradually drifted into the habit of singing together in the evenings after work. They were discovered by J. B. Long, a talent scout for the American Record Company who was also responsible for discovering Blind Boy Fuller. Originally known as the "New Four Quartet," they were managed by former singer Willie Mitchell and first recorded in August 1934 as "Mitchell's New Four Singers" under the supervision of producer William Calloway. In 1935, Herring left and was replaced by Sam Bryant. When they recorded again in 1936, they did so under the name of "Mitchell's Christian Singers". They recorded over 80 songs over six years, released on seven different labels owned by the American Record Company. They became more widely known after performing at the From Spirituals to Swing concert presented by John Hammond in Carnegie Hall on 23 December 1938. Their last recordings were in 1940, after which they occasionally performed at community functions in Kinston. They pioneered a 'primitive' idiosyncratic style of a cappella gospel singing: curiously wailing, syncopated spirituals, with a "down home" quality, featuring with an interplay of voices that anticipated the sound of post-war gospel quartets. Their material was mostly standard quartet fare like What Are They Are Doing In Heaven?, Traveling Shoes, Swing Low Sweet Chariot, etc. ==References== Time Magazine, Monday Jan 2 1939 Sleeve notes American gospel musical groups Musical groups from North Carolina Musical groups established in 1934

Mitchell's Christian Singers

History of Austria-Hungary

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173.172.184.126

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The truth16

== Voight Kampff == does anyone have an objection to having a link to Voight-Kampff machine in the see alsos? It is the test from Blade Runner to test for replicants. WookMuff I, for one, have no objection. Rick Norwood I also have no objection, and I think it would be interesting to include something like a "references in pop culture" type section. If I recall correctly, didn't an episode of the Simpsons spoof Turing or allude to the test? - IstvanWolf I also have no objection, and would like to add another pop-culture reference. Scott Adams' Dilbert mentioned it in his 16 March 2009 strip. http://www.dilbert.com/2009-03-16. The previous day's strip features the Pointy-Haired Boss sticking his head in a hold in the ground. I do not know if this is close enough to the allusion to the "heads in the sand" mentioned in other comments. Mstefaniak (talk) == Almost perfect! == Excellent work by Bilby to make this into a great article. The only problem I see with it now has to do with overall structure and consistency. The older sections need to brought up to the same standard as the sections by Bilby, and some of the older material needs by tossed or integrated into the newer sections. "Weaknesses of the test" should probably acknowledge in some way that this material has been partially discussed above. "Predictions and tests" should probably be integrated into the "History" section above in some abbreviated form. "Variations on the test" should be brought up to the same standard set by "Versions of the test," and so on. "Practical applications" (IMHO) should be tossed. This kind of work would bring the article up to FA status in no time. Also, I wonder if Bilby would be interested in improving Computing Machinery and Intelligence? It just needs a page or two. Thanks for the kind words. I haven't finished here yet - I was thinking that both strengths and weaknesses warrant further expansion, as you suggest, and that something on whether or not the Turing test constitutes an operational definition of knowledge would be nice. I've been letting it sit for a bit so that other editors could fix my mistakes - which they've been doing. :) I've also recently come across some literature using the Turing test in odd ways outside of AI, so I'm curious as to whether or not it would be applicable. If anyone is interested, the article concerned, Gaming and Simulating EthnoPolitical Conflicts, uses what it describes as a Turing test between actions of people roleplaying and the actions of those involved in the actual events, but I'm not sure where, or even if, it fits in here. - Bilby (talk) I combined all the material on the Loebner prize into one section, and the same for material about how its "impractical". It could still use some rewriting to make it all flow perfectly. :Okay, I've finally finished integrating all the material in the history section with the material in "weaknesses" section. I think that, with some copyediting and a couple more references we have a featured article here. == Restricted vs Unrestricted test == The article appears to fail to define the difference between the "restricted" and the "unrestricted" tests (at least I couldn't find it defined.) WilliamKF (talk) == Bot report : Found duplicate references ! == In the last revision I edited, I found duplicate named references, i.e. references sharing the same name, but not having the same content. Please check them, as I am not able to fix them automatically :) "RussellNorvig3" : DumZiBoT (talk) These footnotes don't need to be combined. == The very first sentence== The Turing test is a proposal for a test of a machine's ability to demonstrate intelligence. I think the very first sentence is a bit misleading. The Turing test is not about machine's ability to demonstrate intelligence but about machine's ability to think. Thinking is not the same as intelligence. Turing asked "Can machines think?". This is my first time. It didn't hurt. Kuokkanen (talk) Well, technically, he replaced this question, because he felt the question "can machines think?" was unanswerable. Most people understand the test as being about artificial intelligence, and so I "intelligence" is appropriate. His new question (to paraphrase) is "can a machine behave intelligently?" == intelligence tests in general == Is there a Wikipedia article that discusses intelligence tests for computers in general? Or even more general, intelligence tests for computers and other possibly intelligent creatures? Currently, intelligence test redirects to an article that, as far as I can tell, discuss tests that only apply to English-speaking humans. == mention of item == "Turing test" was mentioned tioday in a Dilbert cartoon. it would be interesting to see if article traffic increases at all. thanks. whoa, did it ever. take a look at this page. Well why do you think I am here? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.229.17.103 (talk) A new definition of intelligence is needed so I shall provide it and show how it is useful: Intelligence: acquisition, combination, breakdown and refinement of strategy. A strategy specifies goals, their desirability and, at what likelihoods to take what actions on what (set of) conditions. Strategizing is Devising a set of strategies. Devising strategies consists of sub processes of creating and assessing conditions for actions , weight of goals, estimates of costs of actions, estimates of effectiveness of actions, finding related strategies, taking strategies apart, comparing strategies, combining known strategies, covering contingencies , evaluating strategies. To begin these definitions when applied to the Turing test provide useful results. It is not in the ability to execute or perceive strategy as with the test of the paper machine but in the coming up with a strategy that we find intelligence. A interesting test would be the ability to play a new games that have not been played before and later making games can be used to teach strategy for a computer player designed to learn new strategy. Game theory explores the play of arbitrary games.- sm4096@gmail.com — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sm4096-Stas (talk • contribs) == Teaching computers to lie? == There is a line in this article that says teaching computers to lie is widely regarded as a bad idea. But since it's pretty obvious to anybody who knows anything about computers that they can't be 'taught' to do anything they can only 'be told' to do something, wouldn't that making teaching a computer widely regarded as impossible? Think of it this way: Asking whether or not a computer can think is like asking whether or not a submarine can swim. Therefore: Computers cannot think Therefore: Computers cannot learn Therefore: Computers cannot be taught Q.E.D. Am I missing something here? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 167.6.245.98 (talk) Logical proofs cannot be begun with unsupported simile. dissecting your argument, it is "computers cannot think because computers cannot think." which is no argument at all. Details on the ability for computer programs to be taught, or to learn is more appropriate to artificial intelligence and related articles. But the short answer is, yes, some programs are taught, and not just programmed. Likewise, certain programs can "learn", when given specific stimuli. Naturally, looking into the issue in greater detail gets into a mess of semantic and philosophical arguments that are totally beyond the scope of this discussion page. As far as teaching computers to lie being widely regarded as a bad idea; that statement would require quite a bit of support for me to accept it. -Verdatum (talk) On review, I removed the "widely regarded as a bad idea" claim. The reference provided to support the claim was merely a synopsis of a course focused on computer security. And it is incorrect anyway. Not requiring the software to lie for compression tests is advantageous because it's yet another aspect of artificial intelligence that would need to be conquered to pass. Not because lying is a no-no. -Verdatum (talk) == Archive 2 == I have archived all the sections on this talk page that referred to sections that no longer exist or to issues that have been resolved. These old comments can be found at Turing test/Archive 2, or by clicking on the link in the small "archive" box at the top of this page. == Mind paper Metric == Turing's paper only specified "109". "Bit" was never used by Turing in his paper. It would have made metrics and questions easier had he. 143.232.210.38 (talk) == Question about a change == The edit comment on this change says "Turing actually didn't say this." However, this was a quote from Turing (1950). (It's at the end of section five, when he's giving his final version of the question.) I think it identified his precise question very well. The difference is only a slight technicality: Turing wants to narrow the discussion to digital machines, rather than machines in general. This is a subtle difference, but one that has serious philosophical implications. Even John Searle would agree that "machines can have intelligence and consciousness" because, as he writes, "we are machines ourselves." (Searle 1980) However, Searle would not agree that digital machines can have "real" intelligence and consciousness. So Turing's final question is the one we actually want to answer. I may change this back to the quote, unless there is some objection. You're too polite. I didn't realize it was a quote from Turing, and changed it for that reason, so I'm all for reverting that, and adding the page number to make it clear it is an actual quote (section 5, p. 442). Thanks. Rp (talk) (By the way, I believe you're mistaken about Searle's position (I once did a student paper on that article): his whole point is that answering Turing's replacement question in the affirmative won't tell us anything about whether computers are "really" intelligent (which, if you ask me, is little more than the standard knee-jerk dismissal of behaviorism). Also, I was confused by your use of the term "digital" to refer to Searle's argument that it is not the digital computational process that produces intelligence.) Rp (talk) It is a rejection of behaviorism, certainly, but I think he goes a bit further than that. Searle argues that a digital computer can, at best, produce a only a simulation of intelligence, like a simulation of the weather. It may be reproducing the same inputs and outputs, but it isn't using the same process. He thinks you need "actual physico-chemical properties of actual physical brains". In other words, Searle believes the hardware matters. You can't do it by digital simulation, unless you simulate details of the specific chemistry going on inside the brain. Searle's argument only applies to digital machines, that is, Turing complete devices that can simulate any computable function, by virtue of having the right program. Machines that aren't digital, such as the brain, can have intentionality and consciousness, according to Searle. :Yes, and when asked to explain what it means, Searle merely adds: but surely we all take this for granted! In other words, it is a pretty vacuous statement. Rp (talk) My own problem with this paragraph and the preceding one is a different one and I'm not sure how to resolve it - namely, the difference is glossed over between Turing's actual test (in which a machine replaces a man in the imitation game, in which the objective is to tell which of the two participants is the woman) and how the test is often interpreted (namely, the objective of the game becomes to tell which of the participants is the human being). Rp (talk) The first part is intended to describe Turing's version of the test, so it doesn't draw a distinction between Turing's description of the test and the ones that are later employed. However, in Versions of the Turing Test, the differences are explored. The problem is that there's a huge mess in the literature between the various types. I don't have a hassle with highlighting the distinction earlier, but I saw it more of a matter of "This is what Turing said", followed later with "This is how the test is described now". :) - Bilby (talk) :My problem is that the present introduction doesn't clearly describe what Turing said: it doesn't explain the Imitation Game. Perhaps it can be summarized in a single sentence? I've tried but failed. Rp (talk) == Apologies - but: contrary to Turing's original proposal == The text says Isn't "proposal" too vague a word? If Turing was posing a question, then Searle's answer is not 'contrary' to a question. If Turning was proposing an answer, then it is not a proposal, but an assertion. Do you mean it was a tentative answer? Perhaps a "straw man"? I am confident this has been hashed over before, but I think the result is not "there" yet. IMO ( Martin | talk • contribs ) I fully agree. The opening paragraph is just as confusing in its use of the term 'proposal'. It isn't clear what proposal is referred to exactly; certainly not the assertion that machines can think, because Turing carefully avoids the question of what it means for someone or something to think. (Turing's paper is more intelligent than some people think.) Rp (talk) I agree. Turing's exact words are "I propose to consider a question ... " which is, of course, another thing entirely. Let's fix these two sentences. Fixed, I think. == Removed material == I removed this, because it lacks both an attribution and a citation, but mostly because it is a vague oversimplification of a complex subject. Critics of this experiment argue that if there's no way to distinguish between a human and a symbol manipulating machine, than Searle's definition of "thinking" verges on the metaphysical with no quantitative value. There should probably should be a sentence that indicates that most people think Searle is wrong. However, there are many different arguments against Searle, and the snippet above doesn't really capture the central issues of the debate, at least in my view. == Suzette == Apparently this chat bot has beaten the Turing Test, the article is officially outdated by saying that none have passed the test. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.232.133.132 (talk) Suzette Klimov (talk) I have commented the sentence out with an explanation. Rp (talk) == Most would agree that a "true" Turing test has not been passed (...) == This remark should be removed as soon as possible - it utterly misses the point of the Turing test. I have removed it. Rp (talk) ==Seemingly unnecessary section== http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test#The_Alan_Turing_Year.2C_and_Turing100_in_2012 This section really doesn't have anything to do with the Turing test. If anything, this should be moved to Alan Turing, under the section Recognition and tributes. One More Fool (talk) I agree. In fact, much of the material in the second half of the History section reads like a press release == This Month's Atlantic magazine cover story == is about the Turing test. I'm sure there are some good quotes here. == Cleanup tag == The cleanup tag at the top of the article refers to mostly to the CITE#Embedded links that are used as citations and links. To quote from Citing sources: Embedded links to external websites should not be used as a form of inline citation, because they are highly susceptible to linkrot. Wikipedia allowed this in its early years—for example by adding a link after a sentence, like this which looks like this. [http://media.guardian.co.uk/site/story/0,14173,1601858,00.html This is no longer recommended. Raw links are not recommended in lieu of properly written out citations, even if placed between ref tags, like this links should never be used to place

Turing test

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173.187.67.64

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168.216.94.221

Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure. The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals. Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown. NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights. Optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal folds, hyperopic shifts and an increased intracranial pressure have been documented in these astronauts. Some individuals experienced transient changes post-flight while others have reported persistent changes with varying degrees of severity. Although the exact cause is not known at this time, it is suspected that microgravity-induced cephalad fluid shift and comparable physiological changes play a significant role in these changes. Other contributing factors may include pockets of increased CO2 and an increase in sodium intake. It seems unlikely that resistive or aerobic exercise are contributing factors, but they may be potential countermeasures to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) or intracranial pressure (ICP) in-flight. ==Causes and current studies== Although a definitive cause (or set of causes) for the symptoms outlined in the Existing Long-Duration Flight Occurrences section is unknown, it is thought that venous congestion in the brain brought about by cephalad-fluid shifts may be a unifying pathologic mechanism. As part of the effort to elucidate the cause(s), NASA has initiated an enhanced occupational monitoring program for all mission astronauts with special attention to signs and symptoms related to ICP. Similar findings have been reported among Russian Cosmonauts who flew long-duration missions on MIR. The findings were published by Mayasnikov and Stepanova in 2008. Animal research from the Russian Bion-M1 mission indicates duress of the cerebral arteries may induce reduced blood flow, thereby contributing to impaired vision. ===CO2=== Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a natural product of metabolism. People typically exhale around 200mL of CO2 per minute at rest and over 4.0 L at peak exercise levels. In a closed environment, CO2 levels can quickly rise and can be expected to a certain degree in an environment such as the ISS. Nominal CO2 concentrations on Earth are approximately 0.23 mmHg while nominal CO2 levels aboard the ISS are up to 20 times that at 2.3 to 5.3 mmHg. Those astronauts who experienced VIIP symptoms were not exposed to CO2 levels in excess of 5mmHg. Ventilation and heart rate increase as CO2 rise. Hypercapnia also stimulates vasodilation of cerebral blood vessels, increased cerebral blood flow and elevated ICP presumably leading to headache, visual disturbance and other central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. CO2 is a known potent vasodilator and an increase in cerebral perfusion pressure will increase the CSF fluid production by about 4%. Since air movement is reduced in microgravity, local pockets of increased CO2 concentrations may form. Without proper ventilation, CO2 concentrations ppCO2 could rise above 9mmHg within 10 minutes around a sleeping astronaut's mouth and chin. More data is needed to fully understand the individual and environmental factors that contribute to CO2-related symptoms in microgravity. ===Sodium Intake=== A link between increased ICP and altered sodium and water retention was suggested by a report in which 77% of IIH patients had evidence of peripheral edema and 80% with orthostatic retention of sodium and water. Impaired saline and water load excretions were noted in the upright position in IIH patients with orthostatic edema compared to lean and obese controls without IIH. However, the precise mechanisms linking orthostatic changes to IIH were not defined, and many IH patients do not have these sodium and water abnormalities. Astronauts are well known to have orthostatic intolerance upon reentry to gravity after long-duration spaceflight, and the dietary sodium on orbit is also known to be in excess of 5 grams per day in some cases. The Majority of the NASA cases did have high dietary sodium during their increment. The ISS program is working to decrease in-flight dietary sodium intake to less than 3 grams per day. Prepackaged foods for the International Space Station were originally high in sodium at 5300 mg/d. This amount has now been substantially reduced to 3000 mg/g as a result of NASA reformulation of over ninety foods as a conscious effort to reduce astronaut sodium intake. ===Exercise=== While exercise is used to maintain muscle, bone and cardiac health during spaceflight, its effects on ICP and IOP have yet to be determined. The effects of resistive exercise on the development of ICP remains controversial. An early investigation showed that the brief intrathoractic pressure increase during a Valsalva maneuver resulted in an associated rise in ICP. Two other investigations using transcranial Doppler ultrasound techniques showed that resistive exercise without a Valsalva maneuver resulted in no change in peak systolic pressure or ICP. The effects of resistive exercise in IOP are less controversial. Several different studies have shown a significant increase in IOP during or immediately after resistive exercise. There is much more information available regarding aerobic exercise and ICP. The only known study to examine ICP during aerobic exercise by invasive means showed that ICP decreased in patients with intracranial hypertension and those with normal ICP. They suggested that because aerobic exercise is generally done without Valsalva maneuvers, it is unlikely that ICP will increase during exercise. Other studies show global brain blood flow increases 20-30% during the transition from rest to moderate exercise. More recent work has shown that an increase in exercise intensity up to 60% VO2max results in an increase in CBF, after which CBF decreases towards (and sometimes below) baseline values with increasing exercise intensity. ===Biomarkers=== Several biomarkers may be used for early VIIP Syndrome detection. The following biomarkers were suggested as potential candidates by the 2010 Visual Impairment Summit: S-100 platelet count albumin CRP/inflammation markers insulin-like growth factors somatostatin tet-transactivator (TTA) myelin basic protein immunoglobin G index oligoclonal bands atrial naturetic peptide vasopressin aquaporin Also, gene expression profiling, epigenetic modifications, CO2 retaining variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants should be expanded in order to better characterize the individual susceptibility to develop the VIIP syndrome. As he etiology of the symptoms is more clearly defined, the appropriate biomarkers will be evaluated. ===One-Carbon Metabolism (Homocysteine)=== While the common theories regarding vision issues during flight focus on cardiovascular factors (fluid shift, intracranial hypertension, CO2 exposure, etc.), the difficulty comes in trying to explain how on any given mission, breathing the same air and exposed to the same microgravity, why some crewmembers have vision issues while others do not. Data identified as part of an ongoing nutrition experiment (aka, the Nutrition SMO) found biochemical evidence that the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolic pathway may be altered in those individuals who have vision issues. These data have been published and summarized by the ISS Program, and described in a journal sponsored pubcast. In brief: serum concentrations of metabolites of the folate, vitamin B-12 dependent one carbon metabolism pathway, specifically,

Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure

R&B Artist Background: Born June 6, 1951 Jerry Bell's passion for music emanates from early vocal training while growing up between Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and West Palm Beach, Florida in a musical family; a family that has produced Gold and Platinum records for nearly two decades. During his formative years in West Palm Beach Jerry emerged from a three man singing group called the Delusions; the other two artists were Terry Greene and Fred Jones. The band who backed them at that time was called the Miami Ocean Liners who later became KC and The Sunshine Band. Jerry’s vocal range is superb as he precisely delivers each sultry note. He is a two time Grammy Award Winner, former lead vocalist of the famed groups "The New Birth" which he was invited to join the group by the founding members; Tony Churchhill, James Baker and Austin Lander. He enjoyed his experiences he had with The New Birth from 1973 to 1979. They enjoyed such hits as "It's Been Such A Long Time", "Mr. Dream Merchant" and "Wildflower." His next endeavor was with Motown's "The Dazz Band"; which he was invited into in 1981 as one of the lead vocalists by Reggie Andrews, Ralph Johnson of Earth Wind & Fire. Jerry's smooth, sensual vocals have helped to create these groups most powerful hits such as "Let it Whip", "Joystick", "Knock Knock", "Swoop", "Heartbeat" and "Invitation to Love." Jerry also was a solo artist for MCA in 1980, with his album entitled; "Winter Love Affair". Jerry is back again and better than ever now signed with Lotus Records/Bungalow/Universal Music Group. Currently, Jerry has a Hit Single with his reproduced updated version of The New Birth classic from 1973; "It's Been Such A Long Time." This also reflects the title of Jerry's Album. Jerry is a lead vocalist who has also done background vocals for Marvin Gaye, Harold Melvin and the Blue Notes, The Main Ingredient, The Delfonics, The Spinners, McFadden and Whitehead, The O'Jays, Stevie Wonder, The Jacksons, The Gap Band, Michael Wycoff, Jean Carne, LTD, Lenny Williams, Joe Sample, Yarbrough and Peoples, The Intruders, The Moments, and Blue Magic. Jerry was blessed during his formative years to be mentored by the crème de la crème. He was trained vocally by the greatest of the greats such as James Brown, Isaac Hayes, Marvin Gaye, Jimmy Bo Horne, Gamble & Huff and McFadden & Whitehead. Jerry was also fortunate to tour with the "Baddest"; he toured with Michael Jackson on his “Bad Tour”, Marvin Gaye with his “Let’s Get It On” and “Sexual Healing” Tours and Isaac Hayes’ “I Stand Accused” Tour with Johnny Taylor, Luther Ingram, The Barkays, The Staple Singers & The Temprees. In 1973 he toured with The Funk Fest featuring James Brown, George Clinton and The Funkadelics, Ike and Tina Turner, Bootsie Collins, Fred Wesley & The JB’s, The New Birth, The Barkays, The Average White Band, LTD, Sly and The Family Stone, Graham Central Station, KC and The Sunshine Band, The Isley Brothers and Eddie Kendricks. He toured with The Motown Reviews featuring The Dazz Band, Marvin Gaye, Smokey Robinson, Stevie Wonder, The Jackson Five, Rick James and The Stone City Band, The Mary Jane Girls, El De Barge and Tina Marie. He toured with The Philadelphia International Legends, Teddy Pendergrass, Harold Melvin and The Blue Notes, The Stylistics, The Three Degrees, The O’Jays, Archie Bell and The Drells, The Delfonics, Billy Paul and Major Harris. He also enjoyed touring with The Legend of Soul Tour with Curtis Mayfield, Donny Hathaway, Roberta Flack, Willie Hutch, George and Gwen McCray, Carl Carlton, The Gap Band, Enchantment, The Moments, The Dells, GQ, The Originals, D Train, Evelyn Champagne King, The Emotions, Earth Wind & Fire, The Temptations, Switch, Al Jarreau, Yarbrough & Peoples, The Spinners, The Main Ingredient, Gene Chandler and Lenny Williams. Jerry Bell comes from a great musical background within his own immediate family. His family began with the matriarch, his beloved mother Mattie Bell, a Gospel singer, whom Jerry inherited her mighty vocals. Jerry has an older brother whom he looked up to while growing up. Archie of Archie Bell and the Drells, who are known for their R&B Pop hits such as "Tighten Up", "I Just Can't Stop Dancing", "There's Gonna Be A Showdown", and "Let's Groove." Then there is Thom Bell who is Jerry's cousin who produced such songs as "Stop, Look & Listen", "People Make the World Go Round", "You Make Me Feel Brand New", "La La Means I Love You", "Didn't I Blow Your Mind", "You Are Everything" and "Break Up To Make Up." Thom has also produced such groups as, The Delfonics, Stylistics, The Spinners, Blue Magic, Archie Bell and The Drells, and Dionne Warwick. Jerry has another famous cousin; Robert "KOOL" Bell of the famed group Kool and the Gang; with such hits as "Ladies Night", "Jungle Boogie", "Hollywood Swinging", and "Get Down On It." Al Bell, another cousin, started a record label called STAX which featured yet another cousin, William Bell with “ I Forgot To Be Your Lover.” Then there is Leroy Burgers from Black Ivory, “You’re What’s Been Missing From My Life”, “Surrender”, “Don’t Walk Away”, “It’s Time To Say Goodbye”. Jerry Bell is multifaceted; not only is he beyond talented musically, he is also GRANDMASTER JERRY BELL: Martial Arts Background: Jerry's family is not only musically blessed, but athletically blessed as well. While Jerry inherited his mother's smooth vocals; he also drew from the best of his father and imitated his every move. At 10 years old, Jerry Bell studied Judo under the guidance of his father James Edward Bell Jr., and Boxing under another family member, Muhammad Ali. At 13 Jerry was studying Karate at the East Coast Karate Association. By 17, he had traveled to Okinawa to study Okinawan Goju under Grand Master Hidegami Matsamura. Later in Japan, he studied Shotokan under Grand Master Nakayama Masatoshi, Master Ozumi Ozawa, and in the United States under Grand Master Hidetaka Nishiyama. Jerry also studied Kyokoshinkai under Grand Master Masutatsu Oyama, Shito Karate under Master Yojiro Ishikawa, and Iaido under Master Muramasa Kudo. He then studied Aikido under Master Shoji Nishoi, Silat under Master Abdul Muhammad Ben, Tae Kwon Do under Masters Simon and Phillip Rhee, and Sanuces Ryu Jujitsu under Supreme Grandmaster Doctor Moses Powell. Jerry lived more than fifteen years in the far east doing six month stays between the United States studying the martial arts and as a result speaks Japanese, Korean, Chinese and Malay. Jerry Bell entered the Kumite in Japan intent on becoming the first foreigner ever to win the traditional competition. In 1984 Jerry entered the arena long before the public arrived for his first match. He sat alone on the fight platform meditating, a practice he would continue throughout the rest of his career. During the beginning of this match, Jerry opened with a classic Ali shuffle. His Japanese opponent attempted to mimic the movement, at this point; Jerry Bell stopped, and stood perfectly still watching his opponent dance when the opponent started to move in Jerry knocked him out with a jump spinning hook kick! The following year Jerry entered and won the Kumite in another stunning victory! In 1993 “Inside Karate” featured him on the cover for their 20th Anniversary. Grandmaster Bell continued to defend his title and eventually retired after more than 500 fights; never having been defeated! The 1988 movie, "Bloodsport", starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as Frank Dux, was actually based on Jerry Bell, who fought, and won the Kumite twice. It seems Frank took credit for something he never did. In 2004 he came out of retirement to test his skills one more time and won the championship once again; making this fight his 501st fight; again undefeated! Grandmaster Jerry Bell is now in the Black Belt Hall of Fame, The Martial Arts Hall of Fame and the World Karate Hall of Fame. He’s earned six World Gold Medals and three Silver Medals. He has a 7th degree Black Belt in Shotokan, a 4th degree Black Belt in Kyokoshinkai, a sixth degree Black Belt in Iaido, a second degree Black Belt in Judo, a fourth degree Black Belt in Aikido, a 10th degree Black Belt in Sanuces Ryu Jujitsu and a 10th degree Black Belt in the Black Ryu System that was founded by him./Jerry Bell also founded The Japan Shotoshinkai Karate-do Association in Osaka Japan with his Karate Master Yojiro Ishikawa in 1970 and he founded The Black Ryu Federation in 2003. Jerry also had a younger brother who was blessed with these same athletic abilities. His name was Ricky Bell. Ricky was a Running Back for both USC and for Tampa Bay Buccaneers as well as a Heisman Trophy recipient. Ricky succumbed to a blood disease in 1984. This truly was a loss for the Bell family and was one of Jerry's driving forces to strive towards greatness while continuing the Bell name with his own children while fostering their individual strengths whether it is musically or athletically.

Jerry Bell (R & B Artist)

Evgeny Gleizerov (Евгений Глейзеров; born March 20, 1963) is a Russian chess Grandmaster (1993). In 2001 he tied for 1st–3rd with Stanislav Voitsekhovsky and Michal Krasenkow at Barlinek. He tied for 3rd–6th with David Berczes, Yuriy Kuzubov and Pia Cramling in the Rilton Cup 2008/2009. He came first at Parla 2009. In 2010 he tied for 1st–6th with Kamil Mitoń, Bojan Kurajica, Yuri Gonzalez Vidal, Lázaro Bruzón and Bartlomiej Heberla in the 4th Torneo Internacional de Ajedrez Ciudad de La Laguna. In 2011 he tied for 1st–4th with Gadir Guseinov, Merab Gagunashvili and Sergei Tiviakov in the 19th Fajr Open Chess Tournament and won the International Championship of Slovakia in Banská Štiavnica. ==Notable games== Iivo Nei vs Evgeny Gleizerov, Osterskars op 1995, French Defense: Advance Variation (C02), 0-1 ==References== ==External links== 1963 births Living people Chess grandmasters Soviet chess players Russian chess players

Evgeny Gleizerov

== Summary == ==Summary== == Licensing ==

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== September 2007 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Go! (album), did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted by ClueBot. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. If you believe there has been a mistake and would like to report a false positive, please report it here and then remove this warning from your talk page. If your edit was not vandalism, please feel free to make your edit again after reporting it. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Go! (album) was changed by 59.101.218.243 (c) (t) replacing content with 'mario is gay' on 2007-09-02T05:12:54+00:00. Thank you. ClueBot

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Albert Frederick Macdonald (born: June 13, 1901, Winnipeg, Manitoba - died: August 20, 1976) was a railway employeer, worked as a cashier and served as a Canadian federal politician. Macdonald ran for the Canadian House of Commons as a candidate for the Liberal Party in the 1949 federal election. He defeated incumbent Member of Parliament Patrick Ashby to win the Edmonton East electoral district. Macdonald served 1 term in office before being defeated by Ambrose Holowach in the 1953 federal election. ==External links== Albert Frederick Macdonald Federal Political Experience 1901 births 1976 deaths Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Alberta Liberal Party of Canada MPs

Albert Frederick Macdonald

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Luigi has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Luigi. Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you. Wayne Olajuwon chat Please do not vandalize pages, as you did with this edit to Luigi. If you continue to do so, you will be blocked from editing. Wayne Olajuwon chat

76.175.66.100

Henk Badings (hĕngk bä'dĭngz) (17 January 190726 June 1987) was a Dutch composer. Born in Bandung, Java, Dutch East Indies, as the son of Herman Louis Johan Badings, an officer in the Dutch East Indies army, Badings became an orphan at an early age. Having returned to the Netherlands, his family tried to dissuade him from studying music, and he enrolled at the Delft Polytechnical Institute (later the Technical University). He worked as a mining engineer and palaeontologist at Delft until 1937, after which he dedicated his life entirely to music. Though largely self-taught, he did receive some advice from Willem Pijper, the doyen of Dutch composers at the time, but their musical views differed widely and after Pijper had attempted to discourage Badings from continuing as a composer, Badings broke off contact. In 1930 Badings had his initial big musical success when his first cello concerto (he eventually wrote a second) was performed at the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam. Champions of his work included such eminent conductors as Eduard van Beinum and Willem Mengelberg. He held numerous teaching positions; e.g., at the Musikhochschule Stuttgart and the University of Utrecht. Accused after the Second World War of collaboration with the Nazi occupation forces, he was briefly banned from professional musical activity, but by 1947 he had been reinstated. Badings used unusual musical scales and harmonies (e.g., the octatonic scale); he also used the harmonic series scale from the eighth to the fifteenth overtone. A prolific artist, he had produced over a thousand pieces at the time of his death. He died in Maarheeze in 1987. His works include fourteen symphonies, two string quartets, several concertos, chamber music, and incidental music. Recently, interest in Badings' music has grown; the German label CPO have committed themselves to recording Badings' entire orchestral oeuvre, and a Badings Festival was held in Rotterdam in October 2007. ==Further reading== The Lied and Art Songs Texts Page created and mantained from Emily Ezust A site dedicated to Henk Badings Donemus biography 1907 births 1987 deaths Dutch composers Microtonal musicians People from Bandung Musicians from West Java Delft University of Technology alumni Dutch mining engineers

Henk Badings

History of Yugoslavia

Sainfoin (1887 – October 1911) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse that was the winner of the 1890 Epsom Derby and was the sire of Rock Sand, the tenth winner of the Triple Crown in 1903. ==Pedigree== Sainfoin was sired by Springfield out of the mare Sanda and was foaled at Hampton Court Stud, owned by Queen Victoria, in 1887. Most of the yearlings produced by Hampton Court Stud were underfed and skinny, which resulted in little interest in Sainfoin as a racing prospect. He was sold as a yearling for 500 guineas to horse trainer John Porter and Sir Robert Jardine. ==Racing career== Sainfoin's only start and win as a two-year-old was in the £928 Astley Stakes at Lewes Racecourse. He carried 120 pounds and won easily by one and a half lengths from Garter, from whom he was receiving eight pounds. In 1890, he made his first appearance in the Esher Stakes, a at Sandown. After the race, Porter felt that the colt would have little chance in the Derby, and accepted an offer of £6,000 for the colt from Sir James Miller an officer in the 14th King's Hussars. The sale contract however, contained a clause which stated that if Sainfoin won the Derby, his previous owners would receive half the prize money. On 8 May, Sainfoin won a two runner race for the Dee Stakes at Chester. On June 4 he started at odds of 100/15 (approximately 6.7-1) in the Epsom Derby for which Surefoot was favourite. Surefoot was always expected to be favourite, especially after he had won the 2000 Guineas and on the day of the race he was the subject of very heavy betting, so that he started at odds of 40/95. There was an unusually small field of eight runners and the race took place on heavy ground in driving rain. Sainfoin, ridden by John Watts, was prominent from the start and disputed the lead with his stable-companion Orwell after a mile. In the straight it became apparent that Surefoot was beaten and Sainfoin gained the advantage over Orwell and then held off the late challenge of Le Nord to win by three quarters of a length. The winning time was an unusually slow 2:49.8. He did not win any races after the Derby at age four, securing a third place in the Imperial Plate and an unplaced finish at the 1891 City and Suburban Handicap. He was retired to stud in 1892. ==Stud career== After Miller's death in 1906, Sainfoin was sold to Lord Carnarvon for 700 guineas and stood as stud at the Cloghran Stud in Dublin. Sainfoin's most notable son was Rock Sand, winner of the Triple Crown in 1903, but he was also the damsire (through Tout Suite) of 1926 leading sire and St. Leger winner Hurry On. His name appears in the pedigrees of most top class modern thoroughbreds owing to his daughter, Bromus, who produced the influential stallion Phalaris. Sainfoin died in Carlow, Ireland in October 1911. His death was not reported to the press for more than a year after he died. The HMS Sainfoin was named after Sainfoin in 1943. ==References== 1887 racehorse births 1911 racehorse deaths Epsom Derby winners Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom British racehorses Thoroughbred family 2

Sainfoin (horse)

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219.90.217.179

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71.194.32.166

== May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Jerzy Grotowski, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Jerzy Grotowski was changed by 178.102.186.95 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.873422 on 2011-05-05T18:26:05+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

178.102.186.95

The April 2009 raid off Somalia was a military operation conducted by France and Germany to retake the French yacht Tanit on 9 April 2009, a yacht which had been captured by Somali pirates on April 4, 2009. It occurred during Operation Atalanta, a European Union mission in Somali waters. The pirates had attempted to extract a ransom by holding the yacht's occupants hostage, but were ultimately defeated when the French Navy assaulted them. ==Background== The Tanit, a privately owned French yacht named after the Phoenician lunar goddess, with its five crew and passengers was sailing to Zanzibar when it was boarded by pirates on 4 April. Among the hostages were a family of three including a three year old boy, and two friends of the family who joined them in Aden. The ship's owners, the Lemaçons, started from Vannes in July 2008 and sailed south to the coast of Spain. This was a family trip “to escape consumer society”. They planned to visit Kenya and Zanzibar. Even after meeting with a couple whose yacht, the Carré d'As IV, had been captured by pirates, and later rescued by French commandos, they continued on their journey. The pirates headed the vessel for the coast but were overrun two days later by a French frigate. French forces attempted to negotiate with the pirates offering them money and offering to exchange the mother and child for a French soldier. The pirates declined this. Instead, they were overheard discussing using explosives to blow up the yacht. {| |} ==Action== Fifty commandos were sent from France to a French base at Djibouti on 9 April, in readiness for the assault. Joined locally by 20 more commandos, they parachuted from a C-130 Hercules plane into the sea, to be picked up by three French warships that had been tracking the pirates, together with a German frigate equipped with hospital facilities. The French attempted to negotiate with the pirates, and even offered to exchange one of the hostages for an officer. The pirates refused to cooperate, stating that they could get better terms once they reached the coast. Seeing the pirates were uncooperative a sniper on-board one of the vessels managed to shoot down the sails and to damage the mast and the yacht. This the French believed would put them in a better negotiating position, but it created havoc on board, causing the pirates to refuse to accede to any of the French demands. Allegedly, after threats to execute the hostages were heard, the French Navy decided the next day to board the boat and free the hostages. French commandos attacked the hijacked vessel from different directions in two speedboats. The pirates opened fire and the special forces team fired back. French naval commandos then boarded the vessel and rescued the hostages. However, Florent Lemaçon, the boat's captain and father of the three-year old boy, was being held hostage in his cabin. When French commandos entered, they engaged in a shootout with the pirates, during which Lemaçon was killed, possibly shot by the commandos in error. ==Aftermath== After the fighting ended the four freed hostages were taken in one of the frigates, to Djibouti, and from there transported back to France. Three pirates were taken to Rennes for questioning. In total, 70 men of the French naval forces, including men of the French commando Hubert, French frigates Aconit, Floréal and Commandant Ducuing and German frigate Mecklenburg-Vorpommern participated in the operation. ==References== April 9, 2009 incident off Somalia Romeo Naval battles involving France Naval battles involving Germany Somalia April 9, 2009 incident off Somalia Naval battles and engagements of Operation Atalanta 2009 in Somalia Piracy in Somalia April Captured ships

April 2009 raid off Somalia

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69.112.243.165

I'm curious. Is this information we really don't have somewhere else already? There aren't really any meaningful links to here. Have not found information on Surds anywhere else. There's more information to be added which I do not know well enough. See the British GCSE webpages about surds (google for it), there's lots of info on how to manipulate them, etc. I don't remember much from my Maths classes about the "proper" methods to work with them, though I can calculate and work with them well myself. (at a pinch I can perhaps add made-up methods and contrived situations to work out expressions with surds). Is "Surds" a term used outside Britain and Ireland? Should this page be "surds and indices", indices IS written about elsewhere. Zoney This article is a mess as it now stands. Some of the sentences are clumsily written and vague. The word surd appears largely or entirely obsolete. Michael Hardy I agree with Michael, but the question becomes: do we cover this information adequately elsewhere? If not, where do we put it? We do basically cover it on exponentiation, but I it might make sense to have a page just on the rules. (Don't we do that for some other topics? I have a vague memory of it, but I can't find any examples.) I think this page should be made simply into 'Surds', explaining the term and showing how to work with them. (this is reasonably started already) This ISN'T exactly covered in exponentiation, plus there is further information which can be added to Surds. Meaningful links can be added from exponentiation, square root, cube root, etc. Zoney the surds are nine"th sq root — Preceding unsigned comment added by 117.193.142.19 (talk)

Surd

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Nintendo Land, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Nintendo Land was changed by 72.213.187.140 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.90872 on 2012-06-13T04:22:13+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

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== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Squanto has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Marek69. Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you. Marek.69 talk Please do not vandalize pages, as you did with this edit to Squanto. If you continue to do so, you will be blocked from editing. Wayne Olajuwon chat This is the final warning that you will receive regarding your disruptive edits, such as this edit you made to Squanto. If you vandalize Wikipedia again, you will be blocked from editing without further notice. Wayne Olajuwon chat

75.206.167.7

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is invited to contribute, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Paul Revere Charter Middle School, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Manway

Jamnatic

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70.187.143.44

International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Honey bee has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Honey bee. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. The reverted edit can be found here. Thank you. Gfoley4 | Need to chat? My track record Please do not vandalize pages, as you did with this edit to Honey bee. If you continue to do so, you will be blocked from editing. Wayne Olajuwon chat

67.83.6.106

Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley is a private, non-profit, co-ed, Preschool - Grade 5 Chinese Immersion day school located at 310 Easy Street, Mountain View, California. It is part of the Yew Chung Education Foundation, which was established in 1823. YCIS also has schools in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and Qingdao. Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley offers a Chinese-English bilingual immersion program. While English is the primary language of instruction, YCIS focuses on bilingual learning through the utilization of the "co-teaching" model (classes are administered by both Western and Chinese teachers, in order to encourage fluency.) ==Curriculum== The curriculum at Yew Chung International School – Silicon Valley meets and exceeds standards set forth by the California Department of Education. Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley offers education to students from Preschool (at age 2) through Grade 5. ==Leadership== Dr. Betty Chan Po-kieng is Director of Yew Chung schools, including Secondary, Primary and Early Childhood Education (ECE) Sections. Graduated from University of Hawaii with B.Ed. and M.Ed, Dr. Chan specialised in early childhood education. She was awarded AAUW Scholarship and started the doctoral program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign under the mentorship of Prof. Bernard Spodek. While completing the required coursework, she had to return to Hong Kong to take up her responsibilities at Yew Chung. Returning to the USA to pursue her doctorate, she entered the program at Union Institute (renamed The Union Institute and University in 2001) under the supervision of co-founder of the institute, Prof. Roy P. Fairfield (Harvard), whose philosophy of “a university without walls” became a widely accepted model. She was awarded her Ph.D. in 1985. Since assuming leadership of the Yew Chung Education Foundation, founded by her mother Madam Tsang Chor-hang, Dr. Chan has developed Yew Chung schools in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Qingdao and Silicon Valley, USA. In 2010, Dr. Chan was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA, in recognition of her pioneering work in ECE and her consistent advocacy for excellence in all levels of education. ==References== Education in Santa Clara County, California Educational institutions established in 2002 Private elementary schools in California Mountain View, California 1989 establishments in California American Schools in California

Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley

Utsav (Hindi: उत्सव; English: The Festival) is a 1984 Hindi film, produced by Shashi Kapoor and directed by Girish Karnad. The film stars Shashi Kapoor, Rekha, Amjad Khan, Anuradha Patel, Shekhar Suman, Anupam Kher, Shankar Nag, Neena Gupta, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Annu Kapoor, Sanjana Kapoor and Kunal Kapoor. The role played by Shashi Kapoor, who is also the producer of this movie, was originally to be played by Amitabh Bachchan. However, Bachchan later declined and therefore the producer himself decided to step in. The film's music is by Laxmikant Pyarelal and is still noted for its songs like, 'Mann Kyun Behka', a rare duet by Asha Bhosle and Lata Mangeshkar, and Anuradha Paudwal's 'Mere Man Baje Mridang' for which she won the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award in 1985. Suresh Wadkar also has a song, 'Saanj Dhale Gagan Tale'. The Central Board of Film Certification of India gave this movie "A" certificate which means "Restricted to adults" on 23 August 1984. ==Overview== The film is an adaptation of (The Little Clay Cart) (मृच्छकटिकम्; also spelled Mrcchakatika, Mricchakatika, or Mrichchhakatika), a ten-act Sanskrit drama attributed to Śūdraka (शूद्रक), an ancient playwright generally thought to have lived sometime between the second century BC and the fifth century AD whom the prologue identifies as a Kshatriya king and a devotee of Siva who lived for 100 years. The play is set in the ancient city of Ujjayini during the reign of the King Pālaka, near the end of the Pradyota dynasty that made up the first quarter of the fifth century BC. The story is about a courtesan, Vasantasena (Rekha), and her chance meeting with a poor Brahman man, Charudatta (Shekhar Suman), in Ujjain. ==Cast== Shashi Kapoor as Samsthanak Rekha as Vasantsena Amjad Khan as Vaatsyayan, author of Kamasutra; narrator Shankar Nag as Sajjal, the thief Kulbhushan Kharbanda as Teacher of Aryak Shekhar Suman as Charudutt Neena Gupta as Madanika, courtesan slave in Vasantsena's house Anuradha Patel as Aditi, Charudutt's Wife Anupam Kher as Samsthanak's friend Annu Kapoor as Masseur who is trying to be an ascetic Sanjana Kapoor as A courtesan slave in Vasantsena's house Kunal Kapoor as Aryak, the revolutionary. Harish Patel as Maitreya, Charudutt's friend. Yunus Parvez as One of the gamblers, who later becomes the owner of the masseur Satish Kaushik as Cart driver Utsav Shah as Civic driver ==Soundtracks== ==Awards== 1985 National Film Award for Best Art Direction: Nachiket Patwardhan, Jayoo Patwardhan 1985 Filmfare Best Lyricist Award: Vasant Dev - "Mann Kyun Behka" 1985 Filmfare Best Female Playback Award: Anuradha Paudwal - "Mere Man Baje Mridang" ==References== ==External links== A study of film Utsav 1984 films Indian films Hindi-language films Indian art films Compositions by Laxmikant-Pyarelal Indian Erotic Films

Utsav

The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page. The result was delete. ===The Complete Depeche Mode=== () – (View AfD)(View log) Deproded by an IP. This article is unreferenced and non-notable. It is a list of albums that is redundant to Depeche Mode discography. A listing that the Depeche Mode catalogue is available through iTunes Store is NOT notable, and that is what this article is about Esasus (talk) Delete: very similar to the situation with the iTunes albums. No chance of charting as they're available only via a single vendor, no chance of it being notable. JamesBurns (talk) I checked Google and found news items on the release of this album from NME and Spin within seconds. I have added them to the External links and am urging we Keep. Shawn in Montreal (talk) Note: This debate has been included in the list of Albums and songs-related deletion discussions. —Shawn in Montreal (talk) Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so consensus may be reached.Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Ron Ritzman (talk) Weak keep per Shawn. There is a minimal amount of notability there. Good enough IMO. MuZemike Delete Non-notable collection of songs, these iTunes box sets (if they can really be called "box" sets) are not notable. A mention in their discography article is enough. TJ Spyke Delete, for now. The NME & Spin ref's only provide the release dates and a quick run-down on what is in it (it looks like a slight rewording of the same press release too). Not exactly significant coverage in my view. And why would they, the albums and songs have already been covered in detail in their own specific articles. The mention in the Depeche Mode discography is more than enough, unless it goes on to break some sort of sales records, or one of the previously unreleased songs hits the charts or something.  Esradekan Gibb  "Talk" Delete per Esradekan's cogent arguments. Drmies (talk) Delete, no significant coverage of a non notable collection. Iam (talk) ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

Articles for deletion/The Complete Depeche Mode

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2.98.144.33

The 1996 AMP Bathurst 1000 was an endurance race for Group 3A 5.0 Litre Touring Cars held on 6 October 1996 at the Mount Panorama Circuit near Bathurst in New South Wales, Australia. The race, which was the 37th running of the Bathurst 1000, was won by Craig Lowndes and Greg Murphy driving a Holden VR Commodore. ==Top ten run-off== ==Official results== ==Statistics== Provisional Pole Position – #30 Glenn Seton – 2:10.0077 Pole Position – #30 Glenn Seton – 2:11.0160 Fastest Lap – #1 Craig Lowndes – 2:13.1636 - Lap 149 Average Speed – 140 km/h Race Time - 7:09:28.3584 ==See also== 1996 Australian Touring Car season ==References== ==External links== Official race results Official V8 Supercar website CAMS Manual reference to Australian titles race results Motorsport in Bathurst, New South Wales AMP Bathurst 1000

1996 AMP Bathurst 1000

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75.52.221.178

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119.153.151.29

== April 2009 == Welcome and thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and it has been reverted or removed. Please take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. If you would like to experiment further, please use the sandbox instead. claygate (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. == August 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Elgin High School (Ohio), did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted by ClueBot. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. Cluebot produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please report it here, remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Elgin High School (Ohio) was changed by 70.61.182.58 (u) (t) making a minor change with obscenities on 2010-08-27T22:00:09+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot (talk) Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Elgin High School (Ohio). Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you.  Ronhjones  (Talk)

70.61.182.58

iFanzy is a personalized EPG that is being developed by Stoneroos, a Dutch Interactive Television Developer, in cooperation with the Eindhoven University of Technology. The personalized EPG provides the viewer with an offer of programs selected especially for this person, based on his or her personal interests and the mood he or she is in. iFanzy can be used next to the regular EPG. iFanzy is the result of a government subsidized project, led by Philips. ==External links== iFanzy Stoneroos Interactive Television Technical University of Eindhoven Digital television

IFanzy

The prokineticin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds the peptide hormone prokineticin. There are two variants each encoded by a different gene (PROKR1, PROKR2). These receptors mediate gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction and angiogenesis. ==References== ==External links== G protein coupled receptors

Prokineticin receptor

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60.50.228.46

== September 2007 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. King Lopez Contribs If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did to Hulk (comics). Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. King Lopez Contribs If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize Wikipedia, you will be blocked from editing. - Gilliam in accordance with Wikipedia's blocking policy for . Once the block has expired, you are welcome to make constructive contributions. If you believe this block is unjustified, you may contest the block by adding the text below. - Gilliam

58.174.112.102

== April 2009 == Welcome, and thank you for your attempt to lighten up Wikipedia. However, this is an encyclopedia and the articles are intended to be serious, so please don't make joke edits. Readers looking for accurate information will not find them amusing. If you'd like to experiment with editing, try the sandbox, where you can write (almost) whatever you want. Thrane (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

173.76.119.110

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Claymont High School, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found here. Thank you. Gfoley4 | Need to chat? My track record Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Claymont High School. Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you. 5 albert square (talk) You have been blocked indefinitely from editing because your account is being used only for vandalism. If you would like to be unblocked, you may appeal this block by adding below this notice the text , but you should read the guide to appealing blocks first. Courcelles

Isaiahfrench

Cándido Saul Ramírez Montes (born June 5, 1993 in León, Guanajuato, Mexico) is a Mexican footballer. He currently plays as a winger for C.F. Monterrey of Mexico. Ramírez was a member of the Mexico U-23 team that won the 2012 Toulon Tournament in France. ==Club career== Today he is one of the young promises of the Mexican Club Santos Laguna. In the Apertura 2013 he was loaned to UNAM. After an unsuccessful season he was loaned to C.F. Monterrey for the Clausura 2014. ==Honours== ===Club=== Santos Laguna: (1) Primera División (1): Clausura 2012 ==International career== With two goals in the 2012 Toulon Tournament, Ramírez helped Mexico win the Tournament. ===Under-23 international goals=== ===U-23 International appearances=== As of 1 June 2012 ===International=== '''Toulon Tournament winner: 2012 ===Individual=== 2012 Toulon Tournament Best Goal of Toulon Tournament ==References== ==External links== Transfermarkt profile Ramírez on Soccernet Mexican footballers People from León, Guanajuato Club Santos Laguna footballers 1993 births Living people

Cándido Ramírez

John Brindley Coffey (May 8,1921-Nov.26, 2013) was a retired Lieutenant Colonel in the USAAF who flew with the Hell's Angels in the 303d Bombardment Group in World War II and was Deputy Chairman and then Chairman of the USAAF Nato Planning Liaison Group during the Cold War. ==Early life== He was born in Rossville, Georgia, United States, to Robert L. Coffey, a brick manufacturer and Curie Ethel Brindley, a milliner. He is the 2nd of three sons, between Robert L. Coffey, Jr. born 1921, and William B. Coffey born 1923. Both his brothers became pilots in the USAAF, and both died in plane crashes. After the failure of his business during the Great Depression, Robert Coffey, Sr. moved the family first to Philadelphia and finally to Johnstown, Pennsylvania where he found work as supervisor in a coal mine. John Coffey followed his father into the mine and became a member of the UMWA. == Military career == He joined the USAAF in 1939, in Santa Ana,California, training as a glider pilot in Pittsburg, Kansas. In 1943 the glider pilot program was winding down; he became a cadet/navigator and received training in Albuquerque, Santa Ana, and Sacramento before shipping out. Stationed in Molesworth, England, one of the first Eighth Air Force stations attached to the USAAF, he was assigned to the 303d Bombardment Group, 427th Bombardment Squadron. In two B-17 Flying Fortress tours, he was credited with 35 bombing missions over Nazi Germany. Midway through the missions, after developing and conducting a navigational training curriculum for pilots, he was promoted to lead navigator. In 1948 he left active service, and returned to the United States, and while still in the Military Reserves, enrolled in the University of Miami on the GI Bill. There he met Valerie Kendall, and they were married in 1949. They honeymooned in Havana, Cuba, and had three sons: Christopher, Kendall, and Kevin. == Cold War == In 1950 at the beginning of the Korean War, he was recalled to active duty and began training in the new technologies that the SAC in the early years of the Cold War was developing under the leadership of then-Lieutenant General Curtis LeMay. The stated mission was being able to strike anywhere in the world. To do so demanded development and integration in the areas of jet engines, in-air refueling, ballistic missiles, and ultimately nuclear missiles. Lt. Col. Coffey became part of War Planning Operations and was stationed variously at Loring Air Force Base, Robins Air Force Base, and Westover Airforce Base, headquarters of the Eighth Air Force, where he was on the IG team inspecting SAC facilities for standards. In 1966 he was redeployed overseas and assigned to Lindsey Air Station in Wiesbaden, Germany, headquarters for USAFE, while the family found housing at Finthen Army Airfield in Mainz. While in Mainz his skills as a community liaison prompted an invitation for him to join the Reitercorps of the Mainzer Ranzengarde, a local equestrian club, an honor normally reserved for Germans. As Deputy of Operations, headquarters, USAFE, he served as Chief of the Special Plans Branch where he was responsible for HQ USAFE "planning for all aspects of unconventional warfare in the European theater, supervision and coordindation of all Berlin contingency planning, involving frequent and very sensitive high-level coordination and conferences with military and civilian planners of four nations." He created an operational planning concept covering all aspects of conventional warfare that became a basic reference for the work of the USAFE Force Employment Panel on which Lt. Col. Coffey was assistant chairman and coordinator. The panel's determinations largely affected stratgegy and tactics for U.S. and Nato war planning in Europe. In 1969 he officially retired and was transferred back to Homestead Air Force Base and then into civilian life. Among the decorations Lt. Col. Coffey received were the Air Force Commendation Medal, the First Oak Leaf Cluster to the Air Force Commendation Medal, and the Meritorious Service Medal. ==Private Life== In 1977 the Coffeys moved to Moore Haven, Florida, where they bought a ranch and raised cattle. In 1980 he entered the Democratic primary for the U.S. Senate but did not qualify for the runoff which went to Bill Gunter. Gunter ultimately lost to Republican Paula Hawkins, the only woman elected to the US Senate from Florida. He became active in local politics and served as a Glades County Commissioner from 1982–1990, and as Commissioner Chairman for two years. He also played a prominent role in the movement to preserve public access for Fisheating Creek when private interests threatened to abolish it. Valerie Coffey died in 2005, and Lt. Col. Coffey died on Nov. 26, 2013 in West Palm Beach, Florida. == References == == External links == http://www.pointvista.com/WW2GliderPilots/ Articles created via the Article Wizard 1921 births Living people People from Walker County, Georgia United States Air Force officers

John B. Coffey

R. A. Kowalski may refer to: Richard Kowalski (born 1963), astronomer Robert Kowalski (born 1941), logician and computer scientist ==See also== Kowalski, a Polish surname

R. A. Kowalski

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70.135.126.142

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Iroquois has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Iroquois. Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you. Wayne Olajuwon chat Please do not vandalize pages, as you did with this edit to Iroquois. If you continue to do so, you will be blocked from editing. Wayne Olajuwon chat

71.167.125.42

== Israel and its neighbors == Some editor refuses to acknowledge that Landau didn't single out Israel, but rather according to the NYSun he "pleaded with Secretary of State Rice to 'rape' Israel and its neighbors into resolving their problems." (from here: http://www.nysun.com/article/68612 ) Many who want the occupation to end and for the Jewish nature of Israel to be preserved without having to resort to an apartheid system in an Israeli West Bank, do want drastic action. The longer the occupation goes on and the more the settlements expand, the more likely a one-state solution is, a solution that will destroy the Jewish nature of Israel. It is thus necessary to deal accurately with Landau's statement and not to distort it into a form that is more easily attacked as that is nothing more than dishonestly creating a strawman. Those who want to preserve the Jewish nature of Israel by accomidating a Palestinian state are more courageous Zionists that those who advocate for the settlements and permanent war. == It is you that created the Strawman == Landau to the Jewish Week: 'I did say that in general, Israel wants to be raped — I did use that word — by the U.S., and I myself have long felt Israel needed more vigorous U.S. intervention in the affairs of the Middle East....I told that it had always been my wet dream to address the secretary of state' on these vital matters." Your link to the NY SUn article reveals you are not correct in your claims. This time around Landau specifically referred to raping Israel: "Rape it into resolving the problem." The comments made about "putting the squeeze" on Israel and its neighbors were made in the 1970's, when Landau was working for the Jerusalem Post. It's all in the link you provided. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.68.95.65 (talk) Don't try to salvage sense from these nonsensical statements. They reveal a serious lack of objectivity. Using words like rape and wet dream to describe a relationship between countries shows that this guy is out of his depth. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.68.95.65 (talk)

David Landau (journalist)

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66.214.117.36

Qoli Tappeh (قلي تپه, also Romanized as Qolī Tappeh; also known as Kālī Tappeh and Kālitepe) is a village in Yanqaq Rural District, Galikash District, Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,660, in 649 families. == References == Populated places in Minudasht County

Qoli Tappeh

Emo songs, emo music and other emo stuff

Cryptonel

Rutger Castricum (born in The Hague on May 29, 1979) is a Dutch journalist and presenter, who is known as reporter for the satirical PowNews television programme by the Dutch broadcaster PowNed and previously for the shock blog Geenstijl. == External links == ==References== 1979 births Living people People from The Hague Dutch journalists

Rutger Castricum

Homie is a slang term in American English. Homie may also refer to: Homie (band), a project of Rivers Cuomo Homer Simpson or Homie, a character on The Simpsons ==See also== "Homie the Clown", an episode of The Simpsons Homey the Clown, a comedy character from In Living Color Homies, a series of small toy figurines

Homie

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65.165.166.65

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99.65.189.88

Canthocamptidae is a family of copepods. Most of the 700 species are confined to fresh water, although there are also marine species. It contains the following genera: Afrocamptus Chappuis, 1932 Antarctobiotus Chappuis, 1930 Antrocamptus Chappuis, 1956 Arcticocamptus Chappuis, 1928 Attheyella Brady, 1880 Australocamptus Karanovic, 2004 Boreolimella Huys & Thistle, 1989 Bryocamptus Chappuis, 1928 Canthocamptus Westwood, 1836 Ceuthonectes Chappuis, 1923 Cletocamptus Schmankevitsch 1875 Delachauxiella Brehn & Lunz, 1926 Echinocamptus Chappuis, 1929 Elaphoidella Chappuis, 1928 Elaphoidellopsis Apostolov, 1985 Epactophanoides Borutzky, 1966 Ferroniera Labbe, 1924 Fibulacamptus Hamond, 1988 Glaciella Kikuchi, 1994 Gulcamptus Miura, 1969 Hemimesochra G. O. Sars, 1920 Heteropsyllus T. Scott, 1894 Hypocamptus Chappuis, 1929 Isthmiocaris George & Schminke, 2003 Itunella Brady, 1896 Leimia Willey, 1923 Lessinocamptus Stoch, 1997 Ligulocamptus Guo, 1998 Limocamptus Chappuis, 1928 Loefflerella Rouch, 1962 Maraenobiotus Mrázek, 1893 Mesochra Boeck, 1865 Mesopsyllus Por, 1960 Moraria T. & A. Scott, 1893 Morariopsis Borutzky, 1931 Nannomesochra Gurney, 1932 Neoelaphoidella Apostolov, 1975 Neomrazekiella Ozdikmen & Pesce, 2006 Orthopsyllus Brady & Robertson, 1873 Paramorariopsis Brancelj, 1992 Parepactophanes Kunz, 1935 Pesceus Özdikmen, 2008 Pholetiscus Humes, 1947 Phyllocamptus T. Scott, 1899 Pilocamptus Wells, 2007 Pindamoraria Reid & Rocha, 2003 Pordfus Özdikmen, 2008 Poria Lang, 1965 Portierella Labbe, 1926 Praelaphoidella Apostolov, 1991 Psammocamptus Mielke, 1975 Pseudocamptus Ebert, 1976 Pseudomoraria Brancelj, 1994 Rheocamptus Borutzky, 1964 Spelaeocamptus Chappuis, 1933 Stenocaris G. O. Sars, 1909 Stygepactophanes Moeschler & Rouch, 1984 Thermomesochra Ito & Burton, 1980 Vibriopsyllus Kornev & Chertoprud 2008 ==References== Harpacticoida

Canthocamptidae

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86.160.172.55

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Homie da Homesta'

Please do not delete content from pages on Wikipedia. Your edits do not appear to be constructive and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use Sandbox for test edits. Kariteh

74.138.7.148

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Volleyball has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk == July 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Zip drive, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Zip drive was changed by 69.167.203.146 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.899082 on 2012-07-11T18:48:07+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) == October 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a message letting you know that one of your recent edits has been undone by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made was constructive, please read about it, , remove this message from your talk page, and then make the edit again. For help, take a look at the introduction. The following is the log entry regarding this message: The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí was changed by 69.167.203.146 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.953833 on 2012-10-16T20:08:50+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) == April 2013 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a message letting you know that one of your recent edits to Entertainment during the Great Depression has been undone by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made was constructive, please read about it, , remove this message from your talk page, and then make the edit again. For help, take a look at the introduction. The following is the log entry regarding this message: Entertainment during the Great Depression was changed by 69.167.203.146 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.972537 on 2013-04-19T19:31:34+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

69.167.203.146

== May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Brookline, Massachusetts, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Brookline, Massachusetts was changed by 75.69.230.248 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.963155 on 2011-05-05T18:28:24+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

75.69.230.248

Welcome! Hello, Peashootermedia1438, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Unfortunately, one or more of the pages you created, such as Paul Miller (technologist), may not conform to some of Wikipedia's guidelines, and may soon be deleted. There's a page about creating articles you may want to read called Your first article. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the New contributors' help page, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type on this page, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few other good links for newcomers: Starting an article Your first article Biographies of living persons How to write a great article The five pillars of Wikipedia Help pages Tutorial I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Questions or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Hasteur (talk) ==Proposed deletion of Paul Miller (technologist)== The article Paul Miller (technologist) has been proposed for deletion because under Wikipedia policy, all biographies of living persons created after March 18, 2010, must have at least one source that directly supports material in the article. If you created the article, please don't take offense. Instead, consider improving the article. For help on inserting references, see Referencing for beginners or ask at Help desk. Once you have provided at least one reliable source, you may remove the tag. Please do not remove the tag unless the article is sourced. If you cannot provide such a source within ten days, the article may be deleted, but you can when you are ready to add one. Hasteur (talk) == Conflict of interest == Hello Peashootermedia1438. If you are affiliated with some of the people, places or things you have written about on Wikipedia, you may have a conflict of interest. In keeping with Wikipedia's neutral point of view policy, edits where there is a conflict of interest, or where such a conflict might reasonably be inferred, are strongly discouraged. If you have a conflict of interest, you should avoid or exercise great caution when: editing or creating articles related to you, your organization, or its competitors, as well as projects and products they are involved with; participating in deletion discussions about articles related to your organization or its competitors; and linking to the Wikipedia article or website of your organization in other articles (see Spam). Please familiarize yourself with relevant policies and guidelines, especially those pertaining to neutral point of view, verifiability of information, and autobiographies. For information on how to contribute to Wikipedia when you have a conflict of interest, please see our frequently asked questions for organizations. Thank you. Hairhorn (talk) ==Speedy deletion nomination of Paul Miller (technologist)== A tag has been placed on Paul Miller (technologist) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable. If you think that this notice was placed here in error, contest the deletion by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion," which appears inside of the speedy deletion () tag (if no such tag exists, the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate). Doing so will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. Mrmewe (talk)

Peashootermedia1438

Arab Buran (عرب بوران, also Romanized as ‘Arab Būrān; also known as ‘Arab Būlān) is a village in Yanqaq Rural District, Galikash District, Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 991, in 211 families. == References == Populated places in Minudasht County

Arab Buran

Thomas Webster Rammell was born in Dent de Lyon on the Isle of Thanet, Kent, United Kingdom. He became an engineer, working for the Metropolitan Board of Health. He was a close friend of Henry Austin, son-in-law of Charles Dickens. In 1849 he visited the North Devon town of Barnstaple to open an inquiry into the "sewage, drainage and supply of water and the sanitary conditions of the inhabitants" He died in 1879 as a result of developing diabetes. Shortly before his death his wife wrote to Richard Temple-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, an old friend, asking whether he had any knowledge of insulin which had recently been developed. Rammell is buried in an unmarked grave in Watford. Contrary to popular belief, he did not die in poverty. ==Career highs== He might be called an "un-sung hero" of railway history. He was responsible for the experimental pneumatic railway at Crystal Palace. The Crystal Palace atmospheric or pneumatic railway was built in 1864 at the lower end of the Crystal Palace Park, and was working for a matter of months. It ran for about 600 yards in a 10-ft diameter brick tunnel between the Sydenham and Penge gates to the Park. The tunnel had a gradient of one in 15 and the railway went round in a sharp curve. It had a coach which could seat 35, and a sliding door at each end. There was a remote steam engine coupled to a fan. The railway had a collar of bristles which made it airtight and enabled the coach to be sucked along - at a speed of probably 25 mph. The trip apparently cost sixpence. He was also involved with the abandoned Waterloo and Whitehall Railway under the Thames between Waterloo railway station and Charing Cross railway station. He wrote "A New Plan for Street Railways". ==See also== Crystal Palace pneumatic railway London Pneumatic Despatch Company ==References== 1879 deaths Year of birth missing

Thomas Webster Rammell

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2.221.14.170

Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Alkyl, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. -- Ed (Edgar181)

24.63.241.198

You have been blocked from editing Wikipedia as a result of your . You are free to make constructive edits after the block has expired, but please note that vandalism (including page blanking or addition of random text), spam, deliberate misinformation, privacy violations, personal attacks; and repeated, blatant violations of our policies concerning neutral point of view and biographies of living persons will not be tolerated. Skier Dude (talk)

96.233.253.30

Brij Lal Varma was a cabinet minister in Morarji Desai ministry in India. He held communication portfolio from 1977 to 1979 . He was elected to Lok Sabha from Mahasamund in on Janata Party ticket. == External links == Living people Chhattisgarh politicians 6th Lok Sabha members Lok Sabha members from Chhattisgarh People from Mahasamund district

Brij Lal Varma

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Michael Brown has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Marek.69 talk

173.22.243.118

Daniel N. Paul, , (born 1938) is a Mi'kmaq Elder, author, columnist, and human rights activist. Paul is perhaps best known as the author of the book We Were Not the Savages. Paul asserts that this book is the first such history ever written by a First Nation citizen. The book is seen as an important contribution to the North American Indian movement. One writer stated, "It’s a Canadian version of Dee Brown’s best seller Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee and, as such, served a valuable purpose in raising public consciousness about Mi’kmaq history, identity, and culture." Among his many awards, Paul has been conferred with the Order of Canada and the Order of Nova Scotia. He received from Université Sainte-Anne an honorary Doctor of Letters Degree. His brother Lawrence Paul is the former long-serving chief of Millbrook First Nation (1984-2012). ==Life== Prior to Paul’s birth, his parents Sarah Agnes and William Gabriel were re-located from Saint John, New Brunswick to Indian Brook, Nova Scotia. Paul was born at Indian Brook; the eleventh of fourteen children. During his childhood he earned money through selling the Star Weekly, Liberty Magazine, seeds, greeting cards, and painted the interior of houses. At age 14, he left home for Boston. Eventually returning to Nova Scotia, he married twice and had three children. In 1971 he began work for the Department of Indian Affairs, and from 1981 to 1986 was the Department's Nova Scotia District Superintendent of Lands, Revenues, Trusts, and Statutory Requirements. A community activist, he was the founding Executive Director of the Confederacy of Mainland Micmacs (CMM) from 1986 to 1994, and while in this position, initiated fundraising for a new community centre for the Indian Brook Reserve. During his tenure at CMM, Paul also started a trust fund for the Confederacy, which would support financing legal issues for the six Bands associated with the organization. His leadership helped resolve the Afton Band's 170 year old treaty claim to old Summerside property. In addition, he worked to resolve land claims for the Pictou Landing Band. He has also served on Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission, and on the Nova Scotia Department of Justice's Court Restructuring Task Force, among other provincial commissions, as a Justice of the Peace for the Province. He has also written bi-weekly op-eds for the Halifax Chronicle-Herald newspaper. On January 14, 2000, he received a millennium award from the city of Halifax for his contributions. In 2001, Paul was involved with a CBC documentary entitled "Growing Up Native", and in Bear Paw Productions' (Eastern Tide’s) "Expulsion and the Bounty Hunter”. == Author == Paul has written numerous articles in both newspapers and academic journals. His most well known work is We Were Not the Savages, which is now in its 3rd edition. Paul is critical of colonial historical accounts of the Mi’kmaq people: "Because of their belief that European civilizations were superior, and therefore all others were inferior or savage, these writers reported the superior human rights practices of Amerindian civilization as if they were abnormal. Later, using these biased records as gospel, many White authors have written works about Mi'kmaq civilization that do not present a true picture. Their efforts were probably taken with sincerity and honesty, but many, if not all, are lacking in two respects: they ignore the Mi'kmaq perspective on civilization and fail to appreciate that the values of the two cultures were in most cases completely opposite... More contemporary authors who have written about Amerindian civilizations have also used European standards to evaluate the relative merits of these cultures. Thus their efforts are flawed." Post-colonial historian Geoffrey Plank writes: "We Were Not the Savages is unique, in chronological scope and the story it tells, covering the last three centuries of Mi'kmaq history in detail. Prior to the appearance of this book it was common for historians to downplay or even deny the violence inflicted on the Mi'kmaq people by European and Euro-American colonizers. This work, more than any other piece of scholarly production, has headed off that consensus at a pass. Scalp-bounty prices are now recognized as a historical problem worthy of investigation. Finally, it is important to recognize that we have far too few histories written by Native American authors - very few indeed that cover as extensive a time span as this book does." Many post-colonial historians, such as Thomas Naylor, applaud Paul’s efforts to render visible the harms the British conducted toward the Mi’kmaq people. Naylor writes: "Daniel N. Paul's We Were Not the Savages is a brilliant and painful account of how the Mi'kmaqs were treated by the Europeans. When will Canada and the United States begin paying reparations to Mi'kmaqs and other Tribes for what we did to them over the centuries? Daniel Paul makes a convincing case that the time is now! It is a fact-filled read that will make North Americans of European descent very uncomfortable. I highly recommend it." ==Controversy== Paul’s assertions in his publications have caused controversy with numerous scholars of colonial history. Along with Paul, most contemporary scholars of the colonial period in Nova Scotia document the illegal means in which local British authorities confiscated native land. The work of these scholars has been used to address issues of legal reparation. There is also agreement that the British engaged in a long history of frontier warfare against aboriginal families in North America, including the Mi'kmaq people. Paul's work has been helpful in highlighting the history of the British bounty proclamations against aboriginal families. In We Were Not the Savages, Paul outlines the history of the New England and Nova Scotia governors' use of scalping proclamations against the Mi'kmaq. He specifically quotes Massachusetts Governor William Shirley's scalping proclamation of 1744, that of Governor Cornwallis in 1749, and that of Nova Scotia Governor Charles Lawrence in 1756. He also states that there is evidence some Mi'kmaq had even been targeted as early as in the Governor of Massachusetts' scalping proclamation of 1694. All agree that the British authorities ordered the use of colonial warfare practices which involved killing Mi'kmaq for scalp-bounties. In contrast to these scholars, however, Paul asserts that the Mi'kmaq leaders did not employ such tactics against British families in defense of their homeland. He states that the renegade Mi’kmaq who did participate in such "crimes" were "mercenaries acting beyond the authority of their leaders", who were doing "dirty work for the French". Paul asserts the people who acted "savagely" were primarily those of European descent - not the Mi'kmaq. Historians Geoffrey Plank and Stephen Patterson, however, offer evidence that indicates some of the Mi’kmaq leadership did support frontier warfare against Protestant families, such as Chief Jean-Baptiste Cope. Further, Cornwallis' decision to put a bounty on the Mi'kmaq was not based simply on the Raid on Dartmouth (1749) that immediately preceded it. Historian John G. Reid's work indicates that by the time Edward Cornwallis had arrived in Halifax (1749), there was a long history of the Wabanaki Confederacy (which included the Mi'kmaq) protecting their land by killing British civilians along the New England/ Acadia border in Maine (See the Northeast Coast Campaigns 1688, 1703, 1723, 1724, 1745). Grenier indicates that frontier warfare against families was the standard practice by all parties through the six colonial wars which started in 1688 (see the four French and Indian Wars, Father Rale's War, and Father Le Loutre's War). Along with challenging Paul's assertion that the Mi'kmaq leadership did not use the standard warfare practice of the period, historians have also disagreed with Paul labelling the British use of colonial warfare as "genocide". Post-colonial historian John G. Reid states, “I believe (genocide) is essentially a 20th century term, and I’m not sure that it’s the best way to understand 18th century realities... What happened in the 18th century is a process of imperial expansion that was ruthless at times, that cost lives…. But to my mind, you can’t just transfer concepts between centuries.” Kyle Matthews, the lead researcher at the Montreal Institute For Genocide and Human Rights Studies states "The word ‘genocide’ is today used by anybody, at any time — some people use it to get media attention or to support a cause,” he said. “I think that’s a real problem.” In response to these challenges to his work, Paul writes that most objections to his work “come from Caucasians, probably of British ancestry. It's understandable they try to minimize the horrors their ancestors committed." Paul also asserts that his work is largely responsible for British colonial figures’ names being removed from landmarks because they used frontier warfare against Mi'kmaq families. In We Were Not..., he mentions his participation in a successful 1998 campaign to change the name of a Nova Scotia Highway that had been named after New England Ranger John Gorham. Paul's efforts have also led to the removal of the name "Cornwallis" from a junior high in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He has also advocated for the removal of the Edward Cornwallis Statue in Halifax, Nova Scotia. == We Were Not the Savages == In Paul's book, he addresses numerous issues. One of these is the validity of the Treaty of 1752 and the importance of Jean-Baptiste Cope in Maritime history. === Treaty of 1752 === Paul celebrates Chief Jean-Baptiste Cope for negotiating the November 1752 Peace and Friendship Treaty with the British, "in a desperate attempt to prevent the complete annihilation of his people". According to historian William Wicken the only written evidence is Cope signed the Treaty on behalf of ninety Mi’kmaq at Shubenacadie. Further, these historians suggest no other Mi’kmaq leaders would endorse the treaty and that Cope himself destroyed it six months after it was ratified. The British did not formally renounce the Treaty until 1756. Despite the short-term fate of the 1752 Peace Treaty with hostilities continuing soon afterward, some Nova Scotians continue to celebrate the signing of it annually on Treaty Day. As Paul also notes, in 1985, the Supreme Court of Canada finally affirmed and recognized its validity (See R v. Simon). In this case, the Crown Prosecutors argued that Cope had violated the treaty, which, in turn, made it null and void. Paul asserts, in contrast, that it was the British who violated the treaty - not the Mi'kmaq. In his book, Paul cites in extenso a journal entered under oath by eyewitness Anthony Casteel regarding a resumption of hostilities the following spring, and concludes by noting "In the 1980s, descendants of the British colonials attempted to nullify the Treaty of 1752 in the courts by claiming that Chief Jean Baptist Cope had violated the terms of the treaty during the Casteel incident. But they conveniently overlooked the facts that the English, by their refusal to prosecute two murderers , were in clear violation of the treaty, and that Chief Cope had had very little involvement in the affair." ==See also== Canadian Who's Who - Paul was entered in the publication in 2004 == Notes == ==References== John Grenier. The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. Oklahoma University Press. 2008 John Grenier. The first way of war: American war making on the frontier, 1607-1814 Cambridge University Press. 2005 Geoffrey Plank, “The Two Majors Cope: the boundaries of Nationality in Mid-18th Century Nova Scotia”, Acadiensis, XXV, 2 (Spring 1996), pp. 18–40. Geoffrey Plank. An Unsettled Conquest: The British Campaign Against the Peoples of Acadia. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2001 Geoffrey Plank. "New England Soldiers in the Saint John River Valley: 1758-1760" in New England and the Maritime provinces: connections and comparisons By Stephen Hornsby, John G. Reid. McGill-Queen's University Press. 2005. pp. 59–73 Patterson, Stephen E. 1744-1763: Colonial Wars and Aboriginal Peoples. In Phillip Buckner and John Reid (eds.) The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 1994. William Wicken. Mi'kmaq Treaties on Trial: History, Land, and Donald Marshall Jr. University of Toronto Press. 2002. Andra Bear Nicholas. Settler Imperialism and the Dispossession of the Maliseet, 1758-1765. John Reid and Donald Savoie. (eds). Shaping An Agenda for Atlantic Canada. Fernwood Press. 2011 John G. Reid. Empire, the Maritime Colonies, and the Supplanting of Mi'kma'ki/ Wulstukwick, 1780–1820, Acadiensis 38: 2 (Summer/ Autumn 2009), 78-97. == External links == Mi'kmaq people First Nations writers Members of the Order of Nova Scotia Officers of the Order of Canada Canadian historians 1938 births Living people

Daniel N. Paul

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is invited to contribute, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to CBC News, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Logical Cowboy (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. == June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to New Democratic Party, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: New Democratic Party was changed by 142.165.153.248 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.851687 on 2012-06-15T04:51:32+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

142.165.153.248

Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. - eo (talk) == Talk 1 == The "Telephone" cover that you've uploaded although being the original / first cover but it wasn't used for release. The alternative cover was used for official releases instead. The cover that you uploaded was for the remixes cover of the single only. ==MfD nomination of Jared martinez gwapo== Jared martinez gwapo, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Jared martinez gwapo and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes (~~~~). 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The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Courcelles == March 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia! Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent uploads did not appear to be constructive and has been or soon will be deleted. Please read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Tbhotch* ۩ ۞ ==Do Not== Do not nominate the file for deletion again. Source one confirms the cover, source two confirms this is the cover. This is a case of POINT and will get you blocked, you are only nominating it because i got the image indef protected from uploads. - (CK)Lakeshade - talk2me - ==Orphaned non-free image File:BornThisWayGaga.jpg== Thanks for uploading BornThisWayGaga.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Eeekster (talk) ==:(== I will give you just one last warning. Add that bloody image once more, I will drag you to admins and get you blocked. — Legolas (talk2me) ==Copyright problems with BornThisWayGaga.jpg== Hello. Concerning your contribution, BornThisWayGaga.jpg, please note that Wikipedia cannot accept copyrighted text or images obtained from other web sites or printed material, without the permission of the author(s). This article or image appears to be a direct copy from http://www.target.com/Lady-Gaga-Born-This-Way/dp/B004K4AVAG/ref=sc_qi_detailbutton. As a copyright violation, BornThisWayGaga.jpg appears to qualify for deletion under the speedy deletion criteria. BornThisWayGaga.jpg has been tagged for deletion, and may have been deleted by the time you see this message. If you believe that the article or image is not a copyright violation, or if you have permission from the copyright holder to release the content freely under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License (CC-BY-SA) then you should do one of the following: However, for textual content, you may simply consider rewriting the content in your own words. While contributions are appreciated, Wikipedia must require all contributors to understand and comply with its copyright policy. Wikipedia takes copyright concerns very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. Thank you. memphisto == Re: Loud (Rihanna album) == Please see the Loud (Rihanna album)#Singles.After many discussions at SONG, a consensus has been reached that a 'Radio add" date can 'create' a 'single'. However the template formatting displays "Released:" but the industry does not call Radio a 'Release'. We are attempting to resolve the reporting of Radio date HERE. Also feel free to review the considerable material prior to the subsection given in the link. Please contribute and thank you.—Iknow23 (talk) ==Orphaned non-free image File:Heartskipsabeat.jpg== Thanks for uploading Heartskipsabeat.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Skier Dude2 (talk) ==Orphaned non-free image File:Victoriabfb.jpg== Thanks for uploading Victoriabfb.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Skier Dude2 (talk) == September 2011 == This is your last warning. The next time you remove or blank page content or templates from Wikipedia, you may be blocked from editing without further notice. Stop removing BMI credits — Legolas (talk2me) Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at The Fame Monster. Your edits appear to be disruptive and have been reverted or removed. If you are engaged in an article content dispute with another editor then please discuss the matter with the editor at their talk page, or the article's talk page. Alternatively you can read Wikipedia's dispute resolution page, and ask for independent help at one of the relevant notice boards. If you are engaged in any other form of dispute that is not covered on the dispute resolution page, please seek assistance at Wikipedia's Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents. Please ensure you are familiar with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines, and please do not continue to make edits that appear disruptive, until the dispute is resolved through consensus. Continuing to edit disruptively could result in loss of editing privileges. Thank you. Dan56 (talk) ==Orphaned non-free image File:RihannaRainingMen.jpg== Thanks for uploading RihannaRainingMen.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Skier Dude2 (talk) ==Orphaned non-free image File:Diditonem.jpg== Thanks for uploading Diditonem.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Skier Dude2 (talk) ==Orphaned non-free image File:Hitthelights.jpg== Thanks for uploading Hitthelights.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media). PLEASE NOTE: I am a bot, and will therefore not be able to answer your questions. If you have a question, place a template, along with your question, beneath this message. I will remove the request for deletion if the file is used in an article once again. If you receive this notice after the image is deleted, and you want to restore the image, click here to file an un-delete request. To opt out of these bot messages, add to your talk page. If you believe the bot has made an error, please turn it off here and leave a message on my owner's talk page. Thank you. DASHBot (talk) ==Speedy deletion nomination of Hitthelights.jpg== Please refrain from introducing inappropriate pages, such as Hitthelights.jpg, to Wikipedia. Doing so is not in accordance with our policies. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you think that this notice was placed here in error, contest the deletion by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". Doing so will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. — Status {talkcontribs == File:Hitthelights.jpg listed for deletion == A file that you uploaded or altered, Hitthelights.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. — Status {talkcontribs == JaredSelgaMartinez.jpg missing description details == Dear uploader: The media file you uploaded as JaredSelgaMartinez.jpg is missing a description and/or other details on its image description page. If possible, please add this information. This will help other editors to make better use of the image, and it will be more informative for readers. If the information is not provided, the image may eventually be proposed for deletion, a situation which is not desirable, and which can easily be avoided. If you have any questions please see Help:Image page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) == Advice == Hi there, try not to give out too much personal information about yourself on the user page. You can find out why this is so here. - Mailer Diablo == File:JaredSelgaMartinez.jpg listed for deletion == A file that you uploaded or altered, JaredSelgaMartinez.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Cloudbound (talk) == May 2012 == Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent edit removed content from Roman Reloaded. When removing content, please specify a reason in the edit summary and discuss edits that are likely to be controversial on the article's talk page. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the content has been restored, as you can see from the . Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia, and if you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. Dan56 (talk) == June 2012 == Please do not remove maintenance templates from pages on Wikipedia, as you did to MDNA Tour, without resolving the problem that the template refers to, or giving a valid reason for the removal in the edit summary. Your removal of this template does not appear constructive, and has been reverted. Thank you. Please do not remove the "original research" template from the set list section until the points described on the talk page have been addressed. Binksternet (talk) ==Speedy deletion nomination of Nicki Minaj Freedom Single Cover.jpg== A tag has been placed on Nicki Minaj Freedom Single Cover.jpg requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section F10 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a file that is not an image, sound file or video clip (e.g. a Word document or PDF file) that has no encyclopedic use. If you think that the page was nominated in error, contest the nomination by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion" in the speedy deletion tag. Doing so will take you to the talk page where you can explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but do not hesitate to add information that is consistent with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines.  — Statυs (talk, contribs)

Renamed user x1fdsdbner

== October 2010 == Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Diversity has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Wayne Olajuwon chat Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to the page Diversity. Such edits constitute vandalism and are reverted. Please do not continue to make unconstructive edits to pages; use the sandbox for testing. Thank you. Wayne Olajuwon chat

66.189.53.97

Buildings and structures in the City of London Economy of the United Kingdom England Monopolies Bodies of the United Kingdom government England Organisations based in London with royal patronage Organisations based in the City of London Wikipedia categories named after companies of the United Kingdom

Bank of England

The Saudi National Security Council (SNSC) (مجلس الأمن الوطني السعودي Majlis al-Amn al-Waṭanī as-Su‘ūdī) is the body in charge of coordinating Saudi Arabia's national security, intelligence and foreign policy strategy. It was established in 2005 by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. The first and current secretary general of the SNSC is Prince Bandar bin Sultan, the former Saudi Ambassador to the United States. The assistant secretary general of the SNSC was Prince Salman bin Sultan until 6 August 2013. ==History== The National Security Council was formed on 16 October 2005 by the newly crowned King Abdullah in response to major geopolitical shifts in the Middle East region. The occupation of Iraq made the region "a center for reconstruction, globalization and reorganization" with the entry of the United States as a major player. In addition to its regional influence in the Arabian Peninsula, Saudi Arabia is one of the leading actors in the Islamic world and has a central role in global energy policy. ==Role== The Council was formed to act as an organizational mechanism that coordinates the Kingdom's internal and external policies relating to national security, enabling it to respond effectively to rapidly changing domestic, regional and international environments. It has the power to declare war and investigate security agencies if they are involved in acts that threaten national security. . Despite the formation of the Council, as with other Saudi government institutions, major national security decisions will continue to be taken by the most senior members of the royal family, including King Abdullah, Crown Prince Salman and, Minister of Interior Prince Mohammed bin Nayef. ==Membership== The SNSC is chaired by the King (who is also Prime Minister), with the Crown Prince (who is also Deputy Prime Minister) as deputy chairman. Its affairs are coordinated by a permanent Secretary General. At the time of its formation, other members included the Minister of the Interior, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Deputy Commander of the Saudi Arabian National Guard and head of the General Intelligence Presidency. Late Prince Nayef, then interior minister, served as the deputy head of the SNSC. {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" | Saudi National Security Council |- | ChairmanPrime Minister | King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud |- | Deputy ChairmanDeputy Prime MinisterMinister of Defence |Crown Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud |- | Secretary GeneralDirector General of General Intelligence Presidency | Prince Bandar bin Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud |- | Minister of Interior | Prince Mohammed bin Nayef Al Saud |- | Minister of Foreign Affairs | Prince Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud |} ===Secretaries General=== The following is the list of Secretaries General of the Saudi National Security Council since 2005: Prince Bandar bin Sultan (16 October 2005) ==References== Government agencies established in 2005 Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia Government organisations of Saudi Arabia National security councils 2005 establishments in Saudi Arabia

National Security Council (Saudi Arabia)

Sar Cheshmeh (سرچشمه) is a village in Yanqaq Rural District, Galikash District, Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 541, in 115 families. == References == Populated places in Minudasht County

Sar Cheshmeh, Golestan

Category for fair use images of album covers with art by Dean Torrence. for articles on albums with cover art by Torrence, see Albums with cover art by Dean Torrence __NOGALLERY__ Torrence

Album covers by Dean Torrence

== May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to East Antigonish Education Centre/Academy, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: East Antigonish Education Centre/Academy was changed by 142.177.47.31 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.967885 on 2011-05-05T18:28:47+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

142.177.47.31

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is invited to contribute, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Ethan LaRoche, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Logical Cowboy (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

72.68.70.228

== November 2011 == Welcome and thank you for your contributions. Your test on the page List of Telugu films of 2011 worked, and it has been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment further, please use the sandbox instead. Please take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. --Kbh3rdtalk

27.32.192.16

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is invited to contribute, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Cornell Notes, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Logical Cowboy (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

174.61.138.132

== Welcome == Welcome! Hello, PhoebePS, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful: The five pillars of Wikipedia Tutorial How to edit a page and How to develop articles How to create your first article (using the Article Wizard if you wish) Manual of Style I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your messages on discussion pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically insert your username and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question on this page and then place before the question. Again, welcome!  Marlith (Talk) 

PhoebePS

==April 2009== Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent edit removed maintenance templates from . When removing maintenance templates, please be sure to either resolve the problem that the template refers to, or give a valid reason for the removal in the edit summary. If this was a mistake, don't worry, as your removal of this template has been reverted. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia, and if you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. --Geniac (talk)

90.221.108.180

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is invited to contribute, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Battle of the Alamo, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Logical Cowboy (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. Thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. Please make sure to include an edit summary. Please provide one before saving your changes to an article, as the summaries are quite helpful to people browsing an article's history. Thanks! Jim1138 (talk)

108.39.196.158

== November 2011 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Chameleon, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

76.91.236.214

== May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Hugh Hefner, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Hugh Hefner was changed by Stefansimmons (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.955883 on 2011-05-05T18:29:08+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Hugh Hefner with this edit. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. Meph.

Stefansimmons

==April 2009== Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Tom (North Shoreman) (talk)

71.235.210.70

Here is a list. emijrp (talk)

National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina

== November 2011 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to The Jordan Brothers, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: The Jordan Brothers was changed by 173.86.13.142 (u) (t) ANN scored at 1 on 2011-11-20T01:55:09+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

173.86.13.142

Welcome! Hello, Educationlinked, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Unfortunately, one or more of the pages you created, such as EducationLinked.com, may not conform to some of Wikipedia's guidelines, and may soon be deleted. There's a page about creating articles you may want to read called Your first article. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the New contributors' help page, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type on this page, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few other good links for newcomers: Starting an article Your first article Biographies of living persons How to write a great article The five pillars of Wikipedia Help pages Tutorial I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Questions or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! —KuyaBriBriTalk ==Speedy deletion nomination of EducationLinked.com== A tag has been placed on EducationLinked.com requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable. If you think that this notice was placed here in error, contest the deletion by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion," which appears inside of the speedy deletion () tag (if no such tag exists, the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate). Doing so will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. —KuyaBriBriTalk == May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Because we have a policy against usernames that give the impression that the account represents a group, organization or website, I have blocked this account; you are welcome to create a new account with a username that represents only you. You should also read our conflict of interest guideline. If your username doesn't represent a group, organization or website, you may appeal this username block by adding the text below this notice. Thank you. Salvio Let's talk about it!

Educationlinked

== November 2011 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Ian Somerhalder, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Ian Somerhalder was changed by 98.203.148.223 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.890217 on 2011-11-20T01:55:24+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

98.203.148.223

== April 2009 == Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent edit removed content from . When removing text, please specify a reason in the edit summary and discuss edits that are likely to be controversial on the article's talk page. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the text has been restored, as you can see from the . Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia, and if you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. CardinalDan (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

93.96.22.187

== May 2011 == Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to contribute to the encyclopedia, but when you add or change content, as you did to the article Shane Sutherland, please cite a reliable source for the content of your edit. This helps maintain our policy of verifiability. See Citing sources for how to cite sources, and the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. GiantSnowman

89.104.234.145

After Crying is a Hungarian musical ensemble, established in 1986, which composes and performs contemporary classical music or symphonic rock. They use instruments ranging from classical acoustical instruments like cello, trumpet, piano, flute to the instruments of a modern rock band. They sometimes perform with traditional chamber or symphony orchestras. Their studio albums contain numerous variations in instruments and composition. ==2013 Lineup (alphabetical order)== (Hungarian names: Family names first) Bátky-Valentin Zoltán (lead vocal, member since 2002) Egervári Gábor (flute, narration, texts and thoughts, live sound, founding member) Erős Csaba (piano, keyboards) Horváth András Ádám (guitars, iPad samplers) Madai Zsolt (drums, percussion, vibraphone, member since 1998) Pejtsik Péter (composition, orchestration, cello, bass guitar, vocals, founding member) Winkler Balázs (composition, orchestration, trumpet, keyboards. First appeared 1990-1991, regular member since 1992) ==Discography== Opus 1 (cassette) (1989) (cd reedition 2009) 1989 (cassette) (1989) (cd reedition 2009) Overground Music (1990) Koncert 1991 (cassette) (1991) Megalázottak és megszomorítottak (1992) Föld és ég (1994) De Profundis (1996) Első évtized (1996) 6 (1997) Almost Pure Instrumental (1998) Struggle for Life (2000) Struggle for Life – essential (2000) Bootleg Symphony (2001) Show (2003) Live (2007) Opus 1 (2009) 1989 (2009) Creatura (2011) ==References== ==External links== After Crying Official Website New Gibraltar Encyclopedia of Progressive Rock Musical groups established in 1986 1986 establishments in Hungary

After Crying

== May 2011 == Welcome and thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test on the page Realism in international relations theory worked, and it has been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment further, please use the sandbox instead. Please take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. SummerPhD (talk) If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

182.177.18.44

== November 2011 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Kozhikode district, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Kozhikode district was changed by 117.253.199.173 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.951102 on 2011-11-20T01:55:50+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)

117.253.199.173

Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit you made to the page Afro-Chilean has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the sandbox for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing. Thank you. Hola, porque dices que es racista la aseveración de que en Chile el aporte afro... sea insignificante... solo los llegados desde Peru con la incursión en la guerra del pacífico y la anexión de Tarapaca llegó un número relativamente importante de gente de origen africano, pues la mayoría de la población de Arica en dominio peruano era de raza negra, pero con la anexión a Chile muchos fueron expulsados a Peru o abandonaron el pais por sus propios medios. Hoy en día su aporte racial es insignificante no llega ni al 0,1% de la población chilena. La historia de los afrochilenos es explicada en los parrafos anteriores a tus comentarios. Tus comentarios no tienen referencia alguna, por lo tanto tienen que ser completamente certificados como racistas. Tus anteriores contribuciones a Wikipedia, como la pagina Italian Peruvian y German Peruvian, tambien demuestran vandalismo de tu parte. Segun la referencia encontrada en la pagina German Peruvian: "Nacieron en el Perú, pero sus corazones laten por Alemania. De acuerdo con el último estudio realizado por el investigador Guillermo Godbersen, "Problemática de los descendientes alemanes en el Perú", existen cerca de 600 mil descendientes de teutones en busca de sus orígenes, lo cual parece una tarea más que difícil." Por lo tanto, el numero basado en esta referencia sirve como soporte para el numero incluido en el articulo de Wikipedia. Es vandalismo cambiar el numero por algo que tu crees es correcto, pero no tienes referencia alguna. Blogs son considerados referencias aceptables mientras que no tengan algo controversial o tengan informacion que es clasificada como falsa por referencias con mas credibilidad. == Luis Advis Vitaglic == I was wondering if anyone has any biographical information about this individual's family history; his maternal surname is slavic and he came from Iquique (which has a large chileno-croata community) - most likely he is a chilean of croatian descent. If you are from Chile or Peru you may be able to determine this. He is a very notable music composer.Cruzville (talk) Hello, good afternoon ... if you're right. Luis Advis Vitaglich Born in the city of Iquique in northern Chile on February 10, 1935 - died on September 9, 2004. He was a prominent Chilean composer, as well as university professor of philosophy, among other things. Here you can review some of their works. (

190.208.86.19

== June 2012 == Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Hamburger Helper, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again. If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help. The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Hamburger Helper was changed by 98.242.43.13 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.856411 on 2012-06-13T04:25:55+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Super Mario Bros. (film). Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. - M0rphzone (talk)

98.242.43.13