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lhjh0227

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january 8, 1969, January 8, 1969

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

On which day is the dinner scheduled on?

lhjh0227

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wednesday, Wednesday

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

At what time will the bus to Loveland from Goodland leave?

yxvx0227

yxvx0227_p0

2:30 P. M., 2:30 P.M.

The GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Denver - June 3, 1968 EACH GENERAL OFFICE DEPARTMENT HEAD FACTORY SUPERINTENDENT FACTORY MANAGER FACTORY CASHIER FACTORY CHIEF CHEMIST Gentlemen: For those who plan to take the trip to the Goodland factory for the Open House on Saturday, June 8, the buses will be scheduled as follows: At GREELEY, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Eaton, Greeley, Brighton and Johnstown. Depart Greeley 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Greeley - 6:45 P. M. At LOVELAND, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Loveland, including the Process Lab and Railway, and from Longmont, includ- ing the Experiment Station. Depart Loveland - 6:30 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Loveland - 7:00 P. M. At FORT MORGAN, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Fort Morgan and then stop in BRUSH at the Trailways depot to pick up those from STERLING. Depart Ft. Morgan - 7:45 A. M. Depart Goodland - 3:00 P. M. Arrive Brush - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Brush - 6:00 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Ft. Morgan - 6:15 P. M. At SCOTTSBLUFF, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Scottsbluff, Gering and Mitchell. It will then stop in Bayard at the Star Bus Lines Depot to pick up those from Bayard, and then in Ovid at the sugar factory parking lot to pick up those from Ovid. Depart S'bluff - 6:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:00 P. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 A. M. Arrive Ovid - 5:00 P. M. Arrive Ovid - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive S'bluff - 7:00 P. M. At DENVER, the bus will leave from the General Office parking lot. Depart Denver - 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Denver - 6:45 P. M. Coffee and donuts will be served aboard the buses upon departure in the morn- ing, and lunch will be served at the Goodland factory. Very truly yours, im Lyon Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/yxvx0227

What is the first option mentioned?

lhjh0227

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I will attend

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

What is the second option mentioned?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p0, lhjh0227_p1, lhjh0227_p2, lhjh0227_p3, lhjh0227_p4, lhjh0227_p5, lhjh0227_p6, lhjh0227_p7, lhjh0227_p8, lhjh0227_p9, lhjh0227_p10, lhjh0227_p11, lhjh0227_p12

i will be unable to attend, I will be unable to attend

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

What is the stop before Ft. Morgan?

yxvx0227

yxvx0227_p0

Brush

The GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Denver - June 3, 1968 EACH GENERAL OFFICE DEPARTMENT HEAD FACTORY SUPERINTENDENT FACTORY MANAGER FACTORY CASHIER FACTORY CHIEF CHEMIST Gentlemen: For those who plan to take the trip to the Goodland factory for the Open House on Saturday, June 8, the buses will be scheduled as follows: At GREELEY, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Eaton, Greeley, Brighton and Johnstown. Depart Greeley 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Greeley - 6:45 P. M. At LOVELAND, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Loveland, including the Process Lab and Railway, and from Longmont, includ- ing the Experiment Station. Depart Loveland - 6:30 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Loveland - 7:00 P. M. At FORT MORGAN, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Fort Morgan and then stop in BRUSH at the Trailways depot to pick up those from STERLING. Depart Ft. Morgan - 7:45 A. M. Depart Goodland - 3:00 P. M. Arrive Brush - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Brush - 6:00 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Ft. Morgan - 6:15 P. M. At SCOTTSBLUFF, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Scottsbluff, Gering and Mitchell. It will then stop in Bayard at the Star Bus Lines Depot to pick up those from Bayard, and then in Ovid at the sugar factory parking lot to pick up those from Ovid. Depart S'bluff - 6:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:00 P. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 A. M. Arrive Ovid - 5:00 P. M. Arrive Ovid - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive S'bluff - 7:00 P. M. At DENVER, the bus will leave from the General Office parking lot. Depart Denver - 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Denver - 6:45 P. M. Coffee and donuts will be served aboard the buses upon departure in the morn- ing, and lunch will be served at the Goodland factory. Very truly yours, im Lyon Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/yxvx0227

What is the date mentioned?

nykh0227

nykh0227_p0, nykh0227_p1, nykh0227_p2

July 20, 1967

July 20, 1967 Miss Bev Rosen Assistant Editor Magazines for Industry, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 60606 Dear Miss Rosen: Enclosed is your article which you were kind enough to allow me to see before publication. Our people have checked it for accuracy and found it correct. If we can be of any further help, please advise. Thanks again. Sincerely, CHC:ss c. H. Criswell, Jr. Enclosure bcc: Tom Ferril Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 FDP AUG. 7, 1967 Brown Sugar Bev Rosen DENVER--To prevent its GW brand light brown sugar from becoming lumpy and unworkable, The Great Western Sugar Co. has adopted a reclosable polyethylene bag. The new 2 1/2-pound size package replaces a polyethylene bag sealed on both ends. "Brown sugar becomes hard upon contact with air," states a Great Western Sugar Co. official. "Once former opened theppackage was open housewives were required to rewrap, bottle or keep sugar in the refrigerator to make it stay soft," he adds. new The, bag's reclosable feature--plastic laminated with wire-- reportedly eliminates the need to repackage sugar. Great Western also notes extended product shelf life because contact with air is minimized. "The housewife merely removes the tie, pours out required amount and twists close the package," adds the official. Supplied by Dow Chemical Co., bags are composed of three mil polyethylene, which acts as moisture=vapor barrier. A rough surface on the bag facilitates shelf stacking, it was noted. Gusset-bottom construction also permits bags to be utilized for stand-up display. Graphics on bags were said to be designed to coordinate with display possibilities. Printed flexographically in yellow and brown, product information appears on bag bottom, front and back. Double yellow panels running vertically on bag side give product identification and state, "stays soft longer in this reclosable bag." Plastic ties, supplied by Plas-Ties Corp. are positioned Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 on bag by means of Plas-Tie machine. A sales increase for brown sugar in the new bag-=still:not em - in national distribution--reportedly has been attributed to convenience packaging. 30 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227

To whom is this letter addressed?

nykh0227

nykh0227_p0, nykh0227_p1, nykh0227_p2

Miss Bev Rosen

July 20, 1967 Miss Bev Rosen Assistant Editor Magazines for Industry, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 60606 Dear Miss Rosen: Enclosed is your article which you were kind enough to allow me to see before publication. Our people have checked it for accuracy and found it correct. If we can be of any further help, please advise. Thanks again. Sincerely, CHC:ss c. H. Criswell, Jr. Enclosure bcc: Tom Ferril Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 FDP AUG. 7, 1967 Brown Sugar Bev Rosen DENVER--To prevent its GW brand light brown sugar from becoming lumpy and unworkable, The Great Western Sugar Co. has adopted a reclosable polyethylene bag. The new 2 1/2-pound size package replaces a polyethylene bag sealed on both ends. "Brown sugar becomes hard upon contact with air," states a Great Western Sugar Co. official. "Once former opened theppackage was open housewives were required to rewrap, bottle or keep sugar in the refrigerator to make it stay soft," he adds. new The, bag's reclosable feature--plastic laminated with wire-- reportedly eliminates the need to repackage sugar. Great Western also notes extended product shelf life because contact with air is minimized. "The housewife merely removes the tie, pours out required amount and twists close the package," adds the official. Supplied by Dow Chemical Co., bags are composed of three mil polyethylene, which acts as moisture=vapor barrier. A rough surface on the bag facilitates shelf stacking, it was noted. Gusset-bottom construction also permits bags to be utilized for stand-up display. Graphics on bags were said to be designed to coordinate with display possibilities. Printed flexographically in yellow and brown, product information appears on bag bottom, front and back. Double yellow panels running vertically on bag side give product identification and state, "stays soft longer in this reclosable bag." Plastic ties, supplied by Plas-Ties Corp. are positioned Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 on bag by means of Plas-Tie machine. A sales increase for brown sugar in the new bag-=still:not em - in national distribution--reportedly has been attributed to convenience packaging. 30 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227

Which starting station is closest to Goodland factory, based on these bus schedules?

yxvx0227

yxvx0227_p0

Fort Morgan, Ft. Morgan

The GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Denver - June 3, 1968 EACH GENERAL OFFICE DEPARTMENT HEAD FACTORY SUPERINTENDENT FACTORY MANAGER FACTORY CASHIER FACTORY CHIEF CHEMIST Gentlemen: For those who plan to take the trip to the Goodland factory for the Open House on Saturday, June 8, the buses will be scheduled as follows: At GREELEY, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Eaton, Greeley, Brighton and Johnstown. Depart Greeley 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Greeley - 6:45 P. M. At LOVELAND, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for employees from Loveland, including the Process Lab and Railway, and from Longmont, includ- ing the Experiment Station. Depart Loveland - 6:30 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Loveland - 7:00 P. M. At FORT MORGAN, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Fort Morgan and then stop in BRUSH at the Trailways depot to pick up those from STERLING. Depart Ft. Morgan - 7:45 A. M. Depart Goodland - 3:00 P. M. Arrive Brush - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Brush - 6:00 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Ft. Morgan - 6:15 P. M. At SCOTTSBLUFF, the bus will leave from the sugar factory parking lot for em- ployees from Scottsbluff, Gering and Mitchell. It will then stop in Bayard at the Star Bus Lines Depot to pick up those from Bayard, and then in Ovid at the sugar factory parking lot to pick up those from Ovid. Depart S'bluff - 6:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:00 P. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 A. M. Arrive Ovid - 5:00 P. M. Arrive Ovid - 8:00 A. M. Arrive Bayard - 6:30 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive S'bluff - 7:00 P. M. At DENVER, the bus will leave from the General Office parking lot. Depart Denver - 7:00 A. M. Depart Goodland - 2:45 P. M. Arrive Goodland - 11:00 A. M. Arrive Denver - 6:45 P. M. Coffee and donuts will be served aboard the buses upon departure in the morn- ing, and lunch will be served at the Goodland factory. Very truly yours, im Lyon Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/yxvx0227

Who sent the letter?

nykh0227

nykh0227_p0, nykh0227_p1, nykh0227_p2

C.H. Criswell, Jr., C. H. Criswell, Jr.

July 20, 1967 Miss Bev Rosen Assistant Editor Magazines for Industry, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 60606 Dear Miss Rosen: Enclosed is your article which you were kind enough to allow me to see before publication. Our people have checked it for accuracy and found it correct. If we can be of any further help, please advise. Thanks again. Sincerely, CHC:ss c. H. Criswell, Jr. Enclosure bcc: Tom Ferril Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 FDP AUG. 7, 1967 Brown Sugar Bev Rosen DENVER--To prevent its GW brand light brown sugar from becoming lumpy and unworkable, The Great Western Sugar Co. has adopted a reclosable polyethylene bag. The new 2 1/2-pound size package replaces a polyethylene bag sealed on both ends. "Brown sugar becomes hard upon contact with air," states a Great Western Sugar Co. official. "Once former opened theppackage was open housewives were required to rewrap, bottle or keep sugar in the refrigerator to make it stay soft," he adds. new The, bag's reclosable feature--plastic laminated with wire-- reportedly eliminates the need to repackage sugar. Great Western also notes extended product shelf life because contact with air is minimized. "The housewife merely removes the tie, pours out required amount and twists close the package," adds the official. Supplied by Dow Chemical Co., bags are composed of three mil polyethylene, which acts as moisture=vapor barrier. A rough surface on the bag facilitates shelf stacking, it was noted. Gusset-bottom construction also permits bags to be utilized for stand-up display. Graphics on bags were said to be designed to coordinate with display possibilities. Printed flexographically in yellow and brown, product information appears on bag bottom, front and back. Double yellow panels running vertically on bag side give product identification and state, "stays soft longer in this reclosable bag." Plastic ties, supplied by Plas-Ties Corp. are positioned Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 on bag by means of Plas-Tie machine. A sales increase for brown sugar in the new bag-=still:not em - in national distribution--reportedly has been attributed to convenience packaging. 30 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227

What is the zip code?

ppnh0227

ppnh0227_p0, ppnh0227_p1, ppnh0227_p2, ppnh0227_p3, ppnh0227_p4, ppnh0227_p5, ppnh0227_p6, ppnh0227_p7, ppnh0227_p8, ppnh0227_p9

53226

FREE OFFER 12-8-70 FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! MRS HELEN MARUSKA (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 115 SOUTH FOREST AVE (ADDRESS) PALATINE ILLINGIS 60067 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! mrs. Julia (NAME PLEASE Stevens PRINT) . 1227 - 5th avenue SE (ADDRESS) Cedar (CITY) Rapids bowa (STATE) 52403 (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: Ittps:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227_ FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! Mrs a J (NAME Schauer . PLEASE PRINT) 3010- - games (ADDRESS) are no. minneapolis (CITY) minn (STATE) 55411 (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 ucst FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you froi G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! Rachel E mc Daniel (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) R R I attica (ADDRESS) 1 tans 67009 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https:lwww.industrydocuments.ucsf edu/docs/nonh0227 FREE OFF FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! WM STORMA (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 11527 garfaed (ADDRESS) are WAUWATOSA wis 53226 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://wwvw.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227 FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! FLORENCE 0208A0 CZEKAJ (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 2720 N MEADI (ADDRESS) CHICAGO 101 60639 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Sou Box 5308 Colorado 80217nts.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227 FREE OFFER to FULL COLQR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar: Mail coupon today! 02.1 HELEA C2ADD A. (NAME - PLEASE PRINT) 2841 Wrst DUNBAR LACE (ADDRESS) MILWAUNIEE Wissers A 53208 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: Thttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227 FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! Mrs - H Jokestead (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 3026 Lyndale (ADDRESS) Ave North Minneapolis Minneso (STATE) TE 55411 (ZIP (CITY) CODE) Mall to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: ppnh0227 FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! h. WILLMS (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 2541 So, 13 th st. (ADDRESS) Mihwautee WIS 53215 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Pax 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227 alas FREE OFFER FULL COLOR RECIPE SET. A "Good Wishes" offer for you from Racey Mrs newbirk G W Sugar. Mail coupon today! Margent (NAME . PLEASE PRINT) 315 -4th LIVE (ADDRESS) Baraboo Wisconsin52913 (CITY) (STATE) (ZIP CODE) Mail to: Great Western Sugar Company Sales Department Room 514 Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 B NET WT. 5 sk POUNDS Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ppnh0227

Who is the bcc?

nykh0227

nykh0227_p0, nykh0227_p1, nykh0227_p2

Tom Ferril

July 20, 1967 Miss Bev Rosen Assistant Editor Magazines for Industry, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 60606 Dear Miss Rosen: Enclosed is your article which you were kind enough to allow me to see before publication. Our people have checked it for accuracy and found it correct. If we can be of any further help, please advise. Thanks again. Sincerely, CHC:ss c. H. Criswell, Jr. Enclosure bcc: Tom Ferril Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 FDP AUG. 7, 1967 Brown Sugar Bev Rosen DENVER--To prevent its GW brand light brown sugar from becoming lumpy and unworkable, The Great Western Sugar Co. has adopted a reclosable polyethylene bag. The new 2 1/2-pound size package replaces a polyethylene bag sealed on both ends. "Brown sugar becomes hard upon contact with air," states a Great Western Sugar Co. official. "Once former opened theppackage was open housewives were required to rewrap, bottle or keep sugar in the refrigerator to make it stay soft," he adds. new The, bag's reclosable feature--plastic laminated with wire-- reportedly eliminates the need to repackage sugar. Great Western also notes extended product shelf life because contact with air is minimized. "The housewife merely removes the tie, pours out required amount and twists close the package," adds the official. Supplied by Dow Chemical Co., bags are composed of three mil polyethylene, which acts as moisture=vapor barrier. A rough surface on the bag facilitates shelf stacking, it was noted. Gusset-bottom construction also permits bags to be utilized for stand-up display. Graphics on bags were said to be designed to coordinate with display possibilities. Printed flexographically in yellow and brown, product information appears on bag bottom, front and back. Double yellow panels running vertically on bag side give product identification and state, "stays soft longer in this reclosable bag." Plastic ties, supplied by Plas-Ties Corp. are positioned Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227 on bag by means of Plas-Tie machine. A sales increase for brown sugar in the new bag-=still:not em - in national distribution--reportedly has been attributed to convenience packaging. 30 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/nykh0227

Whose presentation is the first after lunch?

rplh0227

rplh0227_p0, rplh0227_p1, rplh0227_p2, rplh0227_p3, rplh0227_p4

DR. K. DUBROVIN, Dr. K. Dubrovin

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM Great Western Sugar Company TO: DISTRIBUTION LIST DATE: April 15, 1976 FROM: C. F. DAVAN SUBJECT: VISITATION OF PHILIPPINE PARTNERS Messrs. Benjamin Montemayor and Ramon Aviado from the Philippine National Bank will be visiting Great Western and Godchaux-Henderson on April 19-23, 1976. Attached is an agenda for their visit. We will be meeting with the Senior Corporate Staff on Monday, April 19, in the afternoon. These meetings will take place in the respective offices of the Senior officers at the times designated on the agenda. Tuesday, April 20 at 9 ''clock there will be a briefing on G-H in the Boardroom. The agenda denotes those attending and the briefers. Field visitation to the Research Center, Seed Operation and the Longmont factory will take place on Tuesday afternoon. Wednesday noon they will depart for a tour and briefing on Thursday, April 22 at the G-H refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. If anyone can't make these meeting times, please let me know. CFD/dm Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 GREAT WESTERN AGENDA FOR BENJAMIN MONTEMAYOR AND RAMON AVIADO, PHILIPPINES April 19-22, 1976 Monday April 19, 1976 1. B. Montemayor arrive Denver TWA 215 at 11:10 a.m. (Davan/Camejo will pick-up) 2. R. Aviado arrive at 3:14 p.m. 3. Stay at Brown Palace Hotel. 4. Monday PM Agenda: A. 1:30 - 2:30 p.m. - meet with Senior Corporate Staff On an individual basis: 1:30 p.m. - Jim Mark, Senior Vice Pres. Sales 1:50 p.m. - Lamar Henry, Senior Vice Pres. Agriculture 2:00 p.m. - Robert Munroe, Senior Vice Pres. Distribution 2:15 p.m. - Jack Eastman, Senior Vice Pres. Manufacturing B. 2:30 - 4:00 p.m. with Davan/Camejo: (1) Agenda while at Great Western (2) Brief on G-H (Books) (3) U.S. Sugar Industry (Books) (4) General Control System (Davan memo) (5) Raw shipping schedule (6) Office in Manila (7) Refining sugar in Manila, etc. (8) Insurance (9) Questions to ask various departments c. 4:15 p.m. - Dave Crandall, Senior Vice Pres. Finance D. 5:30 p.m. - Brown Palace Hotel E. 8:00 p.m. - Dinner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Tuesday April 20, 1976: 9:00 - 11:30 a.m. Sugar briefing Board Room: ATTENDING: Clarence F. Davan - Vice President Robert Wherry - Vice President Ed Rebhan - Treasurer John Gray - Asst. Treasurer Bill Nelson - Vice President G-H Sales Orlando Camejo - Asst. V. P. Raw Sugar Ray Stephens - Director Risk Management Ken Gillis - Senior Economic Analyst Peter Adolph - Director of Legal Affairs Roger Fertig - Manager Financial Accounting Tommy Langan - Manager Operational Accounting Larry McGhee - Director Communications Clarke Morrison - Manager of Distribution Bill Paukert - Asst. Controller - Finance Doug Priestley - Director Data Processing Dale Quinn Asst. Controller - Accounting Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 AGENDA FOR MEETING IN BOARD ROOM TIME TITLE OF PRESENTATION PERSON RESPONSIBLE 9:00 a.m. Brief on days activities Clarence Davan 9:10 a.m. Godchaux-Henderson Story Larry McGhee 9:30 a.m. Great Western Info. System Ken Gillis 10:00 a.m. Political Matters Robert Wherry 10:20 a.m. Sales of Refine Cane Sugar Bill Nelson 10:45 a.m. Financial Control Tommy Langan Roger Fertig 11:15 a.m. Letter of Credit Ed Rebhan 11:30 a.m. Future Meetings Clarence Davan 12:00 Lunch 1:30 p.m. Research Center, Longmont, CO Dr. K. DuBrovin 2:00 p.m. Seed Operation, Longmont, CO Dr. R. Oldemayer 2:30 p.m. Factory - Longmont, CO c. R. Van Dyke 5:00 p.m. Hotel 7:30 p.m. Dinner Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Wednesday April 21, 1976: 9:00 - 11:00 Meetings with individual departments as determined at the end of Board Room meeting on Tuesday. 12:00 Continental Flight (lunch on board) to New Orleans to visit refinery - Orlando Camejo in charge. Thursday April 22, 1976: Tour Godchaux-Henderson Refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. In Charge: Orlando Camejo Joe Metzler Al Garcia Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227

At what time is Ken Gillis's presentation?

rplh0227

rplh0227_p0, rplh0227_p1, rplh0227_p2, rplh0227_p3, rplh0227_p4

9:30 A.M., 9:30 AM

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM Great Western Sugar Company TO: DISTRIBUTION LIST DATE: April 15, 1976 FROM: C. F. DAVAN SUBJECT: VISITATION OF PHILIPPINE PARTNERS Messrs. Benjamin Montemayor and Ramon Aviado from the Philippine National Bank will be visiting Great Western and Godchaux-Henderson on April 19-23, 1976. Attached is an agenda for their visit. We will be meeting with the Senior Corporate Staff on Monday, April 19, in the afternoon. These meetings will take place in the respective offices of the Senior officers at the times designated on the agenda. Tuesday, April 20 at 9 ''clock there will be a briefing on G-H in the Boardroom. The agenda denotes those attending and the briefers. Field visitation to the Research Center, Seed Operation and the Longmont factory will take place on Tuesday afternoon. Wednesday noon they will depart for a tour and briefing on Thursday, April 22 at the G-H refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. If anyone can't make these meeting times, please let me know. CFD/dm Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 GREAT WESTERN AGENDA FOR BENJAMIN MONTEMAYOR AND RAMON AVIADO, PHILIPPINES April 19-22, 1976 Monday April 19, 1976 1. B. Montemayor arrive Denver TWA 215 at 11:10 a.m. (Davan/Camejo will pick-up) 2. R. Aviado arrive at 3:14 p.m. 3. Stay at Brown Palace Hotel. 4. Monday PM Agenda: A. 1:30 - 2:30 p.m. - meet with Senior Corporate Staff On an individual basis: 1:30 p.m. - Jim Mark, Senior Vice Pres. Sales 1:50 p.m. - Lamar Henry, Senior Vice Pres. Agriculture 2:00 p.m. - Robert Munroe, Senior Vice Pres. Distribution 2:15 p.m. - Jack Eastman, Senior Vice Pres. Manufacturing B. 2:30 - 4:00 p.m. with Davan/Camejo: (1) Agenda while at Great Western (2) Brief on G-H (Books) (3) U.S. Sugar Industry (Books) (4) General Control System (Davan memo) (5) Raw shipping schedule (6) Office in Manila (7) Refining sugar in Manila, etc. (8) Insurance (9) Questions to ask various departments c. 4:15 p.m. - Dave Crandall, Senior Vice Pres. Finance D. 5:30 p.m. - Brown Palace Hotel E. 8:00 p.m. - Dinner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Tuesday April 20, 1976: 9:00 - 11:30 a.m. Sugar briefing Board Room: ATTENDING: Clarence F. Davan - Vice President Robert Wherry - Vice President Ed Rebhan - Treasurer John Gray - Asst. Treasurer Bill Nelson - Vice President G-H Sales Orlando Camejo - Asst. V. P. Raw Sugar Ray Stephens - Director Risk Management Ken Gillis - Senior Economic Analyst Peter Adolph - Director of Legal Affairs Roger Fertig - Manager Financial Accounting Tommy Langan - Manager Operational Accounting Larry McGhee - Director Communications Clarke Morrison - Manager of Distribution Bill Paukert - Asst. Controller - Finance Doug Priestley - Director Data Processing Dale Quinn Asst. Controller - Accounting Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 AGENDA FOR MEETING IN BOARD ROOM TIME TITLE OF PRESENTATION PERSON RESPONSIBLE 9:00 a.m. Brief on days activities Clarence Davan 9:10 a.m. Godchaux-Henderson Story Larry McGhee 9:30 a.m. Great Western Info. System Ken Gillis 10:00 a.m. Political Matters Robert Wherry 10:20 a.m. Sales of Refine Cane Sugar Bill Nelson 10:45 a.m. Financial Control Tommy Langan Roger Fertig 11:15 a.m. Letter of Credit Ed Rebhan 11:30 a.m. Future Meetings Clarence Davan 12:00 Lunch 1:30 p.m. Research Center, Longmont, CO Dr. K. DuBrovin 2:00 p.m. Seed Operation, Longmont, CO Dr. R. Oldemayer 2:30 p.m. Factory - Longmont, CO c. R. Van Dyke 5:00 p.m. Hotel 7:30 p.m. Dinner Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Wednesday April 21, 1976: 9:00 - 11:00 Meetings with individual departments as determined at the end of Board Room meeting on Tuesday. 12:00 Continental Flight (lunch on board) to New Orleans to visit refinery - Orlando Camejo in charge. Thursday April 22, 1976: Tour Godchaux-Henderson Refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. In Charge: Orlando Camejo Joe Metzler Al Garcia Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227

Who presents brief of the activities for the day?

rplh0227

rplh0227_p0, rplh0227_p1, rplh0227_p2, rplh0227_p3, rplh0227_p4

CLARENCE DAVAN, Clarence Davan

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM Great Western Sugar Company TO: DISTRIBUTION LIST DATE: April 15, 1976 FROM: C. F. DAVAN SUBJECT: VISITATION OF PHILIPPINE PARTNERS Messrs. Benjamin Montemayor and Ramon Aviado from the Philippine National Bank will be visiting Great Western and Godchaux-Henderson on April 19-23, 1976. Attached is an agenda for their visit. We will be meeting with the Senior Corporate Staff on Monday, April 19, in the afternoon. These meetings will take place in the respective offices of the Senior officers at the times designated on the agenda. Tuesday, April 20 at 9 ''clock there will be a briefing on G-H in the Boardroom. The agenda denotes those attending and the briefers. Field visitation to the Research Center, Seed Operation and the Longmont factory will take place on Tuesday afternoon. Wednesday noon they will depart for a tour and briefing on Thursday, April 22 at the G-H refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. If anyone can't make these meeting times, please let me know. CFD/dm Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 GREAT WESTERN AGENDA FOR BENJAMIN MONTEMAYOR AND RAMON AVIADO, PHILIPPINES April 19-22, 1976 Monday April 19, 1976 1. B. Montemayor arrive Denver TWA 215 at 11:10 a.m. (Davan/Camejo will pick-up) 2. R. Aviado arrive at 3:14 p.m. 3. Stay at Brown Palace Hotel. 4. Monday PM Agenda: A. 1:30 - 2:30 p.m. - meet with Senior Corporate Staff On an individual basis: 1:30 p.m. - Jim Mark, Senior Vice Pres. Sales 1:50 p.m. - Lamar Henry, Senior Vice Pres. Agriculture 2:00 p.m. - Robert Munroe, Senior Vice Pres. Distribution 2:15 p.m. - Jack Eastman, Senior Vice Pres. Manufacturing B. 2:30 - 4:00 p.m. with Davan/Camejo: (1) Agenda while at Great Western (2) Brief on G-H (Books) (3) U.S. Sugar Industry (Books) (4) General Control System (Davan memo) (5) Raw shipping schedule (6) Office in Manila (7) Refining sugar in Manila, etc. (8) Insurance (9) Questions to ask various departments c. 4:15 p.m. - Dave Crandall, Senior Vice Pres. Finance D. 5:30 p.m. - Brown Palace Hotel E. 8:00 p.m. - Dinner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Tuesday April 20, 1976: 9:00 - 11:30 a.m. Sugar briefing Board Room: ATTENDING: Clarence F. Davan - Vice President Robert Wherry - Vice President Ed Rebhan - Treasurer John Gray - Asst. Treasurer Bill Nelson - Vice President G-H Sales Orlando Camejo - Asst. V. P. Raw Sugar Ray Stephens - Director Risk Management Ken Gillis - Senior Economic Analyst Peter Adolph - Director of Legal Affairs Roger Fertig - Manager Financial Accounting Tommy Langan - Manager Operational Accounting Larry McGhee - Director Communications Clarke Morrison - Manager of Distribution Bill Paukert - Asst. Controller - Finance Doug Priestley - Director Data Processing Dale Quinn Asst. Controller - Accounting Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 AGENDA FOR MEETING IN BOARD ROOM TIME TITLE OF PRESENTATION PERSON RESPONSIBLE 9:00 a.m. Brief on days activities Clarence Davan 9:10 a.m. Godchaux-Henderson Story Larry McGhee 9:30 a.m. Great Western Info. System Ken Gillis 10:00 a.m. Political Matters Robert Wherry 10:20 a.m. Sales of Refine Cane Sugar Bill Nelson 10:45 a.m. Financial Control Tommy Langan Roger Fertig 11:15 a.m. Letter of Credit Ed Rebhan 11:30 a.m. Future Meetings Clarence Davan 12:00 Lunch 1:30 p.m. Research Center, Longmont, CO Dr. K. DuBrovin 2:00 p.m. Seed Operation, Longmont, CO Dr. R. Oldemayer 2:30 p.m. Factory - Longmont, CO c. R. Van Dyke 5:00 p.m. Hotel 7:30 p.m. Dinner Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227 Wednesday April 21, 1976: 9:00 - 11:00 Meetings with individual departments as determined at the end of Board Room meeting on Tuesday. 12:00 Continental Flight (lunch on board) to New Orleans to visit refinery - Orlando Camejo in charge. Thursday April 22, 1976: Tour Godchaux-Henderson Refinery at Reserve, Louisiana. In Charge: Orlando Camejo Joe Metzler Al Garcia Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rplh0227

What is the date mentioned?

llyv0228

llyv0228_p0, llyv0228_p1, llyv0228_p2, llyv0228_p3, llyv0228_p4

July/september, 1977, July/September, 1977

July/September, 1977 Tily Antuna Appointed By Askew Irvine Takes Aim Jose M. Antuna, Executive Vice President and General Reed Irvine, the chairman of "Accuracy in Media," in Manager of Seminole Sugar Corporation, has been appointed testimony before the Communications Subcommittee of the by Governor Reubin Askew to the newly formed Commission House of Representatives asked for hearings on a bill designed on the Spanish Speaking Populace of Florida. One of 15 peo- to promote fairness and balance in programs aired on public ple selected for the board, others include teachers, lawyers, television. community activists and businessmen. The purpose of the Commission is to inform the legislature and governor of the "A Day Without Sunshine" and another farm labor pro- concerns of the Spanish speaking people in Florida. Antuna gram called "El Corrido" were cited as examples of a lack of was sworn in by Judge Don Adams in his Seminole Sugar objectivity and balance. Irvine says, "This legislation is office in mid-August and will serve a two-year term. needed to get public broadcasting back on the track that Con- gress intended it to follow, i.e., providing programs on con- Antuna lives in Pahokee with his wife, Carmen, and has troversial issues that are more objective and more balanced." two children. Bergland Wants Talks U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Bob Bergland says he wants to assemble farmers, industry and consumer leaders to discuss the possibility of a long-range national sugar policy. "At 13.5 cents a pound, we'll have a policy that will hold our domestic industry at its current (production) level. But it wouldn't be able to expand," Bergland said. He predicted that if prices remain at the proposed 13.5 cent floor, there would be a steady reduction in output of domestic beet sugar and some drop in Louisiana sugarcane acreage. "After we get out of the current sugar crisis, what I'd like is a meeting with leaders in sugarcane and beets and the fructose industry and consumers to figure out what kind of a future policy we ought to have," Bergland said. Left to right, John Moyle, Jose M. Antuna and Judge Don Adams. U.S.S.C. Wins Safety Award United States Sugar Corporation is the recipient of the Florida Division - ASSCT 1976-77 sugar industry safety award. The Eleventh Annual Florida Sugarcane Safety Confer- 8th Annual Meeting ence, jointly sponsored by the Florida Sugan Cane League and the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation, Division of Labor of the Florida Department of Commerce, was held The Eight Annual Meeting of the Florida Division of the October 5 at the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists will be help This year's guest speaker, Mr. J. Baxter Swing, is the Chief Friday, October 14, 1977, in the 4th Floor Meeting Room at of the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation. the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. The award, accepted by Nick Smith, safety director for the A reception and banquet will be held that night for mem- corporation, is given each year to the company with the low- bers and guests in Palm Beach at the Holiday Inn. Those est accident frequency/severity index over the past harvest wishing to attend should contact Mr. Ed Rice. season. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Domestic Cane and Beet Output Dietary Goals Attacked To Be Down The controversial report entitled "Dietary Goals for the United States" prepared by the Senate Select Committee on A 17% drop in domestic sugarbeet production and a 4.2% Nutrition and Human Needs continues to be the object of decrease in sugarcane output is expected this year. The United States Department of Agriculture estimates 1977 attack. The American Medical Association is the latest group sugerbeet production to be 24.4 million tons and domestic to condemn the report because there is no proof that diet is sugarcane output is estimated at 27.6 million tons. Actual related to disease, and changing Americans' eating habits may sugar output from cane and beets will be influenced by the lead to economic dislocation. Other groups who have attacked weather during the harvest season. the recommendations made by the Committee in the report Here in Florida, the effects of last winter's freeze on sugar- cane is expected to be evidenced by lower production. These are cattle producers, because the goals recommended reducing effects can be expected to be felt until the affected sugarcane the consumption of meat and increasing the consumption of is replanted. fish and poultry; the Sugar Association, the National Can- The cutting of green sugarcane for planting for Florida's ners Association, egg producers, the National Dairy Council sugar industry began a week late this year (August 29) but is and the Community Nutrition Institute. now progressing normally. Florida Sugar News P.O. Box 1148, Clewiston, Florida 33440 Phone (813) 983-9151 SUGAR Cutting green cane for planting. Tham - BUCAR CAND country The FLORIDA SUGAR NEWS is distributed without charge to members of the Florida Sugar Cane League, and others. Material herein may be reprinted with credit and notification. J. NELSON FAIRBANKS Vice President and General Manager DON WALSH Editor-Director of Public Relations KEITH COWAN Planting (or dropping) seed cane. Managing Editor Geneva Conference OFFICERS Arthur Kirstein, III President Attempts to institute a new international sugar agreement S. N. Knight, Sr. 1st Vice President to stabilize sugar prices are being made in Geneva. Convened Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. 2nd Vice President by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on September 12, the three-week meeting is a follow-up to a Billy Rogers 3rd Vice President session held in the spring of '77 which ended in deadlock. Horace D. Godfrey 4th Vice President U.S. officials have called for the creation of a reserve of 3 J. Nelson Fairbanks 5th Vice President million tons and are relatively optimistic that an agreement and General Manager will be reached on stocks and quotas, says the UPI. "Such stocks," says conference chairman Ernest Jones-Perry, H. T. Vaughn, Jr. Secretary-Treasurer "should be financed by both exporting and importing mem- Atwood Dunwody Asst. Secretary-Treasurer bers of the organization with fees of up to half a cent a pound to establish a sugar stabilization fund. DIRECTORS Jose Antuna S. N. Knight, Sr. Robert D. Apelgren C. D. Lewis John B. Boy A. R. Mayo Unemployed Alvaro Carta Billy Rogers Atwood Dunwody George H. Salley The Department of Labor has ruled that 550 former em- Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. O. H. Sheppard ployees of the Great Western Sugar Company can apply for Alfonso Fanjul, Jr. Fritz Stein government compensation, but another 900 would not be eligi- Lewis Friend Roy Vandegrift, Jr. ble for unemployment benefits. The Department ruled that Walter J. Kautz H. T. Vaughn, Jr. workers who lost their jobs at Great Western Sugar plants in Arthur Kirstein, III George H. Wedgworth the Colorado towns of Brighton, Johnstown and Longmont John A. Yaun lost their jobs because of increased sugar imports and are eligible for trade adjustment assistance. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Horace Godfrey Reports cluded in the farm bill, they stated, "The Department cur- rently has authority under existing law to carry out the price support program required by this amendment to the Agricul- Farm Bill Goes to President tural Act of 1949. It is the recommendation of the Conferees that the Secretary of Agriculture implement the program Both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Sen- called for by the House amendment as soon as possible - ate have approved the omnibus Farm Bill as modified in Con- even before the Act is signed into law. The Conferees intend that the implementation of the loan and purchase program ference which contains, among other things, a special sugar not be delayed even if there should be a delay in the estab- price support program. The bill now goes to President Carter, lishment of minimum wage rates for agricultural employees and agriculturalists expect his signature. engaged in the production of sugar because of any public hearings that may be held thereon. It is the Conferees' intent, The Conference farm bill provides "that the price of the however, that the loan and purchase and wage rate provisions 1977 and 1978 crops of sugar beets and sugar cane be sup- of section 902 be implemented without any delay upon the ported through loans and purchases at a level not more than bill becoming effective." 65 percent of parity nor less than 52.5 percent of parity, but Senator Long has been working with the Executive Office not less than 13.5 cents per pound raw sugar equivalent. The to insure the immediate implementation of the loan program. Secretary would be authorized to suspend operations of the Basically the position of the mainland cane sugar industry provision at such time as he determines there is an Interna- has been that they desire to get the returns for their sugar tional Suar Agreement in effect which would maintain a U.S. from the market place and not through payment subsidies. raw sugar price of at least 13.5 cents per pound. The provision Proper implementation of the loan program, with accompany- would not affect whatever the Secretary's existing authority ing action required by Section 22 of the Agricultural Adjust- may be under any other provision of this Act, or of existing ment Act, would raise the market price above the loan level, and loans would be unnecessary. The government instead of law, to establish a price support program for that portion of paying out money would collect additional money for the the 1977 crop of sugar cane and sugar beets marketed prior to United States Treasury. It is hoped by the time you read this the implementation of such loans or purchases. It also author- that the program will be announced and in effect. izes and directs the Secretary to establish minimum wage rates for agricultural employees engaged in the production of sugar." Other provisions of the Farm Bill provide that the wheat and corn loan rates for 1977 will be changed to $2.25 for New Unemloyment Compensation Law wheat and $2.00 for corn. Target prices will be changed to $2.90 and $2.00 respectively. The 1978 target prices and mini- Effective January 1 mum loan rates were established as follows: Commodity Target Price Loan Florida's new Unemployment Compensation Law will go $3.05 if 1.8 billion bushel into effect January 1, 1978. The new law will have little effect Wheat bu upon workers who have been covered under the federal Spe- harvest or less $2.35 cial Unemployment Assistance paid from general revenues. 3.00 if more than 1.8 Now, however, covered farm employers will be taxed for this billion bushel harvest benefit. Corn bu 2.10 2.00 (Supports on other feed grains are based on their nutri- Any farmer with 10 or more employees for 20 or more tional and cost of production relationship with corn.) weeks during the year or, who has a payroll of $20,000 in any Cotton lb. .52 (minimum) (projected) .51 calendar quarter during the current or preceding year must Rice cwt 8.45 (projected) 6.31 submit a wage report and pay tax each quarter. Newly cov- Soybeans bu - Discretionary ered employers will be taxed 2.7 percent (state) and .7 per- - 420.00 cent (federal) on the first $6,000 of payroll earnings. After Peanuts ton two years he will be taxed according to his experience rating, which can be expected to be the maximum of 4.5 percent (plus .7 percent). Farmers will be notified if a claim for benefits has been Revised Sugar Payments Program Announced filed and may contest it, if appropriate, in order to protect their experience rating. Farm workers are ineligible if they Secretary of Agriculture Bergland announced on Septem- voluntarily quit, are discharged for misconduct, fail to apply ber 15th the institution of a payments program to support the for or accept suitable work, or, if they are on strike. Even if 1977 crops of sugarbeets and sugarcane. In making the an- an employer expects to reach the maximum rate, he should nouncement, he stated, "The price support payments program contest ineligible claims in order to guard against an increase has been modified to meet legal objections to the payments in the tax rate by the legislature. system we originally proposed. I have determined that the support prices will be $22.84 per ton of average quality sugar- beets and $17.48 per ton of average quality sugarcane. Pay- ments will be made on the processed products (refined beet sugar and raw cane sugar) marketed from the 1977 crop from today forward until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or to the date of actual implementation of the price support loan Fructose Ban? or purchase program which would be mandated by the pend- ing 1977 farm bill." Fructose, or fruit sugar, often used as a substitute for saccharin caused bladder cancer in rats, states Dr. W. P. Since such announcement the Secretary, in an informal McKinley, head of Canada's Health Protection Branch, citing discussion with news reporters indicated that the entire 1977 a recent Canadian study. In a letter to the head of the Cana- crop may be handled through the payments procedure. This dian Soft Drink Association, McKinley wrote that the Cana- would be a violation of law and would ignore the intent of dian government is considering restricting the use of fructose. Congress. When Congress approved the sugar amendment in- in special dietary foods. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 3. Employers of 11 or more employees must maintain an up-to-date log of all recordable occupational injuries FARM AND CITY and illnesses. These employers must also compile an- nual summaries of injuries and illnesses. They must be completed, on appropriate forms, within one month after the close of the calendar year, posted February 1 to March 1 and retained for 5 years. 4. Keep grounds around temporary labor camps (TLC) clean and free from rubbish, debris, waste paper, gar- bage or other refuse. 5. TLC shelters must be constructed so that they provide protection from the elements. 6. Check exterior openings in TLC for effective screening with 16 mesh material. Also all screen doors must be PARTNERS IN ECONOMIC PROGRESS equipped with self-closing devices. 7. Heating, cooking and water heating equipment in TLC must be installed according to state and local ordi- nances, codes and regulations. A camp used during cold Farm-City Tour Scheduled weather must be provided with adequate heating equip- ment. 8. Toilet rooms must be used only for that purpose and Saturday, November 19, 1977, is the date that has been must be adequately ventilated and outside openings chosen for the Sixth Annual Hendry County Farm-City Tour. screened. Where toilet rooms are shared (i.e. multi- This tour, coordinated by Hendry County agricultural exten- family shelters and barracks) separate rooms must be sion agent Ray Burgess, offers coastal city dwellers an oppor- provided for each sex. The rooms must be marked "for tunity to visit Hendry County and become acquainted first- men" and "for women" in English and in the native hand with agriculture and rural life. language of the persons occupying the camp. The toilet rooms must be kept in a sanitary condition and cleaned Anyone interested in participating in the tour or making at least daily. a donation to help defray expenses incurred should contact Mr. Ray Burgess, P.O. Box 68, LaBelle, Florida 33935, (813) 9. Toilet rooms must be lighted by a safe type of lighting 983-7322. at all hours of the day and night. 10. Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious cleanable containers for garbage must be provided. At least one of these must be provided for each family and located within 100 feet of each shelter. It shall be mounted on wooden, metal or concrete stands. Farm Safety Update 11. Make sure adequate first aid facilities, approved by a health authority, are maintained and made available in each labor camp. These facilities shall be placed in charge of someone trained to administer first aid and The Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Agricultural shall be available for use at all times. Engineering Department, after reviewing OSHA inspections in Florida, has published a list of recommendations for Flor- ida farmers. Although not meant to be comprehensive, here is a list of suggested actions for employers to take to improve their work- place. These suggestions resulted from noting some of the most frequently cited sections or for which particularly large fines were assessed. 1. Post posters (in appropriate language). informing em- ployees of the obligations and protection provided by Domestic Raw Sugar Price the law. The poster may not be altered, defaced or cov- ered by other material. It should be posted at the loca- tion to which employees report each day. New York Spot, Sept. 30, 1977 $ 9.60 2. If a citation is received, a copy of it must be posted at Average, Calendar Year 1976 13.32 or near the place where the alleged violation is to have occurred. The citation must be left up until the hazard Average, Jan. 1, 1977 to Sept. 30, 1977 11.08 is corrected or for 3 working days - which ever is longer. First Class Mail FLORIDA SUGAR CANE U.S. POSTAGE LEAGUE, INC. PAID 13c Permit #24 P.O. Box 1148 Clewiston, Florida 33440 Mr. Claud D. Fleet, Jr. Great Western United Corp. 716 Metro Bank Building Denver, Co. 80202 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 LATE NEWS AT PRESS TIME USDA Announces Final Regulations for Sugar Payments Program: Secretary Bergland recently outlined the final provisions of the 1977 crop sugar price payments program, which was effective on September 15. In making the announcement, the Department stressed that the payment program is an interim measure to remain in effect only until the provisions of the loan or purchase program (de la Garza amendment) provided for in the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, can be effective in keeping prices at the support level. Secretary Bergland said he had directed the Department's Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, to give "highest priority" to finalizing regulations under the new farm bill and putting them into effect. Key provisions of the interim program are: 1977 crop is defined for Louisiana as the harvest period, October 1977 through January 1978, for Florida and Texas, October 1977 chrough May 1978. The support to producers will be made available by means of payments by the Commodity Credit Corpor- ation (CCC-ASCS) to processors on the quantity of raw sugar marketed from the 1977 crop during the period beginning September 16, 1977, until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or until another price support program for the 1977 crop supercedes the payment program. In order for the processor to be eligible for payments, he must certify that producers will be paid not less than $15.90 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 12.69% sucrose in normal juice of 78.13% purity), in Louisiana; $18.37 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 14.01% sucrose in normal juice) in Florida and other specified rates in Texas, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. The price may be adjusted for sugar cane of non-average quality on a method agreed upon by the producer and processor. The regulations do not prohibit further ad justments due to normal and traditional customs or practices agreed upon between the producer and processor, with respect to the marketing of sugar cane. The rate of payment for the marketing period will be the amount by which the national average market price received by processors in that period is less than 132/ per pound. National average market price means the price of sugar, raw value, computed by dividing gross proceeds on a raw sugar equivalent basis received by all processors by the quantity of sugar, raw value, marketed by all processors during the marketing period. The regulations covering the payment program were filed with the Federal Register on October 4, and scheduled for printing on October 7. We are reliably informed that ASCS officials are working on regulations and other data for the implementation for the loan or purchase program. It would be difficult to make such a program effective in less than 60 days. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228

What is the name of man standing in middle in the picture?

llyv0228

llyv0228_p0, llyv0228_p1, llyv0228_p2, llyv0228_p3, llyv0228_p4

Jose M. Antuna

July/September, 1977 Tily Antuna Appointed By Askew Irvine Takes Aim Jose M. Antuna, Executive Vice President and General Reed Irvine, the chairman of "Accuracy in Media," in Manager of Seminole Sugar Corporation, has been appointed testimony before the Communications Subcommittee of the by Governor Reubin Askew to the newly formed Commission House of Representatives asked for hearings on a bill designed on the Spanish Speaking Populace of Florida. One of 15 peo- to promote fairness and balance in programs aired on public ple selected for the board, others include teachers, lawyers, television. community activists and businessmen. The purpose of the Commission is to inform the legislature and governor of the "A Day Without Sunshine" and another farm labor pro- concerns of the Spanish speaking people in Florida. Antuna gram called "El Corrido" were cited as examples of a lack of was sworn in by Judge Don Adams in his Seminole Sugar objectivity and balance. Irvine says, "This legislation is office in mid-August and will serve a two-year term. needed to get public broadcasting back on the track that Con- gress intended it to follow, i.e., providing programs on con- Antuna lives in Pahokee with his wife, Carmen, and has troversial issues that are more objective and more balanced." two children. Bergland Wants Talks U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Bob Bergland says he wants to assemble farmers, industry and consumer leaders to discuss the possibility of a long-range national sugar policy. "At 13.5 cents a pound, we'll have a policy that will hold our domestic industry at its current (production) level. But it wouldn't be able to expand," Bergland said. He predicted that if prices remain at the proposed 13.5 cent floor, there would be a steady reduction in output of domestic beet sugar and some drop in Louisiana sugarcane acreage. "After we get out of the current sugar crisis, what I'd like is a meeting with leaders in sugarcane and beets and the fructose industry and consumers to figure out what kind of a future policy we ought to have," Bergland said. Left to right, John Moyle, Jose M. Antuna and Judge Don Adams. U.S.S.C. Wins Safety Award United States Sugar Corporation is the recipient of the Florida Division - ASSCT 1976-77 sugar industry safety award. The Eleventh Annual Florida Sugarcane Safety Confer- 8th Annual Meeting ence, jointly sponsored by the Florida Sugan Cane League and the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation, Division of Labor of the Florida Department of Commerce, was held The Eight Annual Meeting of the Florida Division of the October 5 at the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists will be help This year's guest speaker, Mr. J. Baxter Swing, is the Chief Friday, October 14, 1977, in the 4th Floor Meeting Room at of the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation. the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. The award, accepted by Nick Smith, safety director for the A reception and banquet will be held that night for mem- corporation, is given each year to the company with the low- bers and guests in Palm Beach at the Holiday Inn. Those est accident frequency/severity index over the past harvest wishing to attend should contact Mr. Ed Rice. season. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Domestic Cane and Beet Output Dietary Goals Attacked To Be Down The controversial report entitled "Dietary Goals for the United States" prepared by the Senate Select Committee on A 17% drop in domestic sugarbeet production and a 4.2% Nutrition and Human Needs continues to be the object of decrease in sugarcane output is expected this year. The United States Department of Agriculture estimates 1977 attack. The American Medical Association is the latest group sugerbeet production to be 24.4 million tons and domestic to condemn the report because there is no proof that diet is sugarcane output is estimated at 27.6 million tons. Actual related to disease, and changing Americans' eating habits may sugar output from cane and beets will be influenced by the lead to economic dislocation. Other groups who have attacked weather during the harvest season. the recommendations made by the Committee in the report Here in Florida, the effects of last winter's freeze on sugar- cane is expected to be evidenced by lower production. These are cattle producers, because the goals recommended reducing effects can be expected to be felt until the affected sugarcane the consumption of meat and increasing the consumption of is replanted. fish and poultry; the Sugar Association, the National Can- The cutting of green sugarcane for planting for Florida's ners Association, egg producers, the National Dairy Council sugar industry began a week late this year (August 29) but is and the Community Nutrition Institute. now progressing normally. Florida Sugar News P.O. Box 1148, Clewiston, Florida 33440 Phone (813) 983-9151 SUGAR Cutting green cane for planting. Tham - BUCAR CAND country The FLORIDA SUGAR NEWS is distributed without charge to members of the Florida Sugar Cane League, and others. Material herein may be reprinted with credit and notification. J. NELSON FAIRBANKS Vice President and General Manager DON WALSH Editor-Director of Public Relations KEITH COWAN Planting (or dropping) seed cane. Managing Editor Geneva Conference OFFICERS Arthur Kirstein, III President Attempts to institute a new international sugar agreement S. N. Knight, Sr. 1st Vice President to stabilize sugar prices are being made in Geneva. Convened Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. 2nd Vice President by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on September 12, the three-week meeting is a follow-up to a Billy Rogers 3rd Vice President session held in the spring of '77 which ended in deadlock. Horace D. Godfrey 4th Vice President U.S. officials have called for the creation of a reserve of 3 J. Nelson Fairbanks 5th Vice President million tons and are relatively optimistic that an agreement and General Manager will be reached on stocks and quotas, says the UPI. "Such stocks," says conference chairman Ernest Jones-Perry, H. T. Vaughn, Jr. Secretary-Treasurer "should be financed by both exporting and importing mem- Atwood Dunwody Asst. Secretary-Treasurer bers of the organization with fees of up to half a cent a pound to establish a sugar stabilization fund. DIRECTORS Jose Antuna S. N. Knight, Sr. Robert D. Apelgren C. D. Lewis John B. Boy A. R. Mayo Unemployed Alvaro Carta Billy Rogers Atwood Dunwody George H. Salley The Department of Labor has ruled that 550 former em- Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. O. H. Sheppard ployees of the Great Western Sugar Company can apply for Alfonso Fanjul, Jr. Fritz Stein government compensation, but another 900 would not be eligi- Lewis Friend Roy Vandegrift, Jr. ble for unemployment benefits. The Department ruled that Walter J. Kautz H. T. Vaughn, Jr. workers who lost their jobs at Great Western Sugar plants in Arthur Kirstein, III George H. Wedgworth the Colorado towns of Brighton, Johnstown and Longmont John A. Yaun lost their jobs because of increased sugar imports and are eligible for trade adjustment assistance. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Horace Godfrey Reports cluded in the farm bill, they stated, "The Department cur- rently has authority under existing law to carry out the price support program required by this amendment to the Agricul- Farm Bill Goes to President tural Act of 1949. It is the recommendation of the Conferees that the Secretary of Agriculture implement the program Both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Sen- called for by the House amendment as soon as possible - ate have approved the omnibus Farm Bill as modified in Con- even before the Act is signed into law. The Conferees intend that the implementation of the loan and purchase program ference which contains, among other things, a special sugar not be delayed even if there should be a delay in the estab- price support program. The bill now goes to President Carter, lishment of minimum wage rates for agricultural employees and agriculturalists expect his signature. engaged in the production of sugar because of any public hearings that may be held thereon. It is the Conferees' intent, The Conference farm bill provides "that the price of the however, that the loan and purchase and wage rate provisions 1977 and 1978 crops of sugar beets and sugar cane be sup- of section 902 be implemented without any delay upon the ported through loans and purchases at a level not more than bill becoming effective." 65 percent of parity nor less than 52.5 percent of parity, but Senator Long has been working with the Executive Office not less than 13.5 cents per pound raw sugar equivalent. The to insure the immediate implementation of the loan program. Secretary would be authorized to suspend operations of the Basically the position of the mainland cane sugar industry provision at such time as he determines there is an Interna- has been that they desire to get the returns for their sugar tional Suar Agreement in effect which would maintain a U.S. from the market place and not through payment subsidies. raw sugar price of at least 13.5 cents per pound. The provision Proper implementation of the loan program, with accompany- would not affect whatever the Secretary's existing authority ing action required by Section 22 of the Agricultural Adjust- may be under any other provision of this Act, or of existing ment Act, would raise the market price above the loan level, and loans would be unnecessary. The government instead of law, to establish a price support program for that portion of paying out money would collect additional money for the the 1977 crop of sugar cane and sugar beets marketed prior to United States Treasury. It is hoped by the time you read this the implementation of such loans or purchases. It also author- that the program will be announced and in effect. izes and directs the Secretary to establish minimum wage rates for agricultural employees engaged in the production of sugar." Other provisions of the Farm Bill provide that the wheat and corn loan rates for 1977 will be changed to $2.25 for New Unemloyment Compensation Law wheat and $2.00 for corn. Target prices will be changed to $2.90 and $2.00 respectively. The 1978 target prices and mini- Effective January 1 mum loan rates were established as follows: Commodity Target Price Loan Florida's new Unemployment Compensation Law will go $3.05 if 1.8 billion bushel into effect January 1, 1978. The new law will have little effect Wheat bu upon workers who have been covered under the federal Spe- harvest or less $2.35 cial Unemployment Assistance paid from general revenues. 3.00 if more than 1.8 Now, however, covered farm employers will be taxed for this billion bushel harvest benefit. Corn bu 2.10 2.00 (Supports on other feed grains are based on their nutri- Any farmer with 10 or more employees for 20 or more tional and cost of production relationship with corn.) weeks during the year or, who has a payroll of $20,000 in any Cotton lb. .52 (minimum) (projected) .51 calendar quarter during the current or preceding year must Rice cwt 8.45 (projected) 6.31 submit a wage report and pay tax each quarter. Newly cov- Soybeans bu - Discretionary ered employers will be taxed 2.7 percent (state) and .7 per- - 420.00 cent (federal) on the first $6,000 of payroll earnings. After Peanuts ton two years he will be taxed according to his experience rating, which can be expected to be the maximum of 4.5 percent (plus .7 percent). Farmers will be notified if a claim for benefits has been Revised Sugar Payments Program Announced filed and may contest it, if appropriate, in order to protect their experience rating. Farm workers are ineligible if they Secretary of Agriculture Bergland announced on Septem- voluntarily quit, are discharged for misconduct, fail to apply ber 15th the institution of a payments program to support the for or accept suitable work, or, if they are on strike. Even if 1977 crops of sugarbeets and sugarcane. In making the an- an employer expects to reach the maximum rate, he should nouncement, he stated, "The price support payments program contest ineligible claims in order to guard against an increase has been modified to meet legal objections to the payments in the tax rate by the legislature. system we originally proposed. I have determined that the support prices will be $22.84 per ton of average quality sugar- beets and $17.48 per ton of average quality sugarcane. Pay- ments will be made on the processed products (refined beet sugar and raw cane sugar) marketed from the 1977 crop from today forward until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or to the date of actual implementation of the price support loan Fructose Ban? or purchase program which would be mandated by the pend- ing 1977 farm bill." Fructose, or fruit sugar, often used as a substitute for saccharin caused bladder cancer in rats, states Dr. W. P. Since such announcement the Secretary, in an informal McKinley, head of Canada's Health Protection Branch, citing discussion with news reporters indicated that the entire 1977 a recent Canadian study. In a letter to the head of the Cana- crop may be handled through the payments procedure. This dian Soft Drink Association, McKinley wrote that the Cana- would be a violation of law and would ignore the intent of dian government is considering restricting the use of fructose. Congress. When Congress approved the sugar amendment in- in special dietary foods. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 3. Employers of 11 or more employees must maintain an up-to-date log of all recordable occupational injuries FARM AND CITY and illnesses. These employers must also compile an- nual summaries of injuries and illnesses. They must be completed, on appropriate forms, within one month after the close of the calendar year, posted February 1 to March 1 and retained for 5 years. 4. Keep grounds around temporary labor camps (TLC) clean and free from rubbish, debris, waste paper, gar- bage or other refuse. 5. TLC shelters must be constructed so that they provide protection from the elements. 6. Check exterior openings in TLC for effective screening with 16 mesh material. Also all screen doors must be PARTNERS IN ECONOMIC PROGRESS equipped with self-closing devices. 7. Heating, cooking and water heating equipment in TLC must be installed according to state and local ordi- nances, codes and regulations. A camp used during cold Farm-City Tour Scheduled weather must be provided with adequate heating equip- ment. 8. Toilet rooms must be used only for that purpose and Saturday, November 19, 1977, is the date that has been must be adequately ventilated and outside openings chosen for the Sixth Annual Hendry County Farm-City Tour. screened. Where toilet rooms are shared (i.e. multi- This tour, coordinated by Hendry County agricultural exten- family shelters and barracks) separate rooms must be sion agent Ray Burgess, offers coastal city dwellers an oppor- provided for each sex. The rooms must be marked "for tunity to visit Hendry County and become acquainted first- men" and "for women" in English and in the native hand with agriculture and rural life. language of the persons occupying the camp. The toilet rooms must be kept in a sanitary condition and cleaned Anyone interested in participating in the tour or making at least daily. a donation to help defray expenses incurred should contact Mr. Ray Burgess, P.O. Box 68, LaBelle, Florida 33935, (813) 9. Toilet rooms must be lighted by a safe type of lighting 983-7322. at all hours of the day and night. 10. Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious cleanable containers for garbage must be provided. At least one of these must be provided for each family and located within 100 feet of each shelter. It shall be mounted on wooden, metal or concrete stands. Farm Safety Update 11. Make sure adequate first aid facilities, approved by a health authority, are maintained and made available in each labor camp. These facilities shall be placed in charge of someone trained to administer first aid and The Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Agricultural shall be available for use at all times. Engineering Department, after reviewing OSHA inspections in Florida, has published a list of recommendations for Flor- ida farmers. Although not meant to be comprehensive, here is a list of suggested actions for employers to take to improve their work- place. These suggestions resulted from noting some of the most frequently cited sections or for which particularly large fines were assessed. 1. Post posters (in appropriate language). informing em- ployees of the obligations and protection provided by Domestic Raw Sugar Price the law. The poster may not be altered, defaced or cov- ered by other material. It should be posted at the loca- tion to which employees report each day. New York Spot, Sept. 30, 1977 $ 9.60 2. If a citation is received, a copy of it must be posted at Average, Calendar Year 1976 13.32 or near the place where the alleged violation is to have occurred. The citation must be left up until the hazard Average, Jan. 1, 1977 to Sept. 30, 1977 11.08 is corrected or for 3 working days - which ever is longer. First Class Mail FLORIDA SUGAR CANE U.S. POSTAGE LEAGUE, INC. PAID 13c Permit #24 P.O. Box 1148 Clewiston, Florida 33440 Mr. Claud D. Fleet, Jr. Great Western United Corp. 716 Metro Bank Building Denver, Co. 80202 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 LATE NEWS AT PRESS TIME USDA Announces Final Regulations for Sugar Payments Program: Secretary Bergland recently outlined the final provisions of the 1977 crop sugar price payments program, which was effective on September 15. In making the announcement, the Department stressed that the payment program is an interim measure to remain in effect only until the provisions of the loan or purchase program (de la Garza amendment) provided for in the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, can be effective in keeping prices at the support level. Secretary Bergland said he had directed the Department's Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, to give "highest priority" to finalizing regulations under the new farm bill and putting them into effect. Key provisions of the interim program are: 1977 crop is defined for Louisiana as the harvest period, October 1977 through January 1978, for Florida and Texas, October 1977 chrough May 1978. The support to producers will be made available by means of payments by the Commodity Credit Corpor- ation (CCC-ASCS) to processors on the quantity of raw sugar marketed from the 1977 crop during the period beginning September 16, 1977, until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or until another price support program for the 1977 crop supercedes the payment program. In order for the processor to be eligible for payments, he must certify that producers will be paid not less than $15.90 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 12.69% sucrose in normal juice of 78.13% purity), in Louisiana; $18.37 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 14.01% sucrose in normal juice) in Florida and other specified rates in Texas, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. The price may be adjusted for sugar cane of non-average quality on a method agreed upon by the producer and processor. The regulations do not prohibit further ad justments due to normal and traditional customs or practices agreed upon between the producer and processor, with respect to the marketing of sugar cane. The rate of payment for the marketing period will be the amount by which the national average market price received by processors in that period is less than 132/ per pound. National average market price means the price of sugar, raw value, computed by dividing gross proceeds on a raw sugar equivalent basis received by all processors by the quantity of sugar, raw value, marketed by all processors during the marketing period. The regulations covering the payment program were filed with the Federal Register on October 4, and scheduled for printing on October 7. We are reliably informed that ASCS officials are working on regulations and other data for the implementation for the loan or purchase program. It would be difficult to make such a program effective in less than 60 days. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228

Who is the Executive Vice President and General Manager of Seminole Sugar Corporation?

llyv0228

llyv0228_p0, llyv0228_p1, llyv0228_p2, llyv0228_p3, llyv0228_p4

Jose M. Antuna

July/September, 1977 Tily Antuna Appointed By Askew Irvine Takes Aim Jose M. Antuna, Executive Vice President and General Reed Irvine, the chairman of "Accuracy in Media," in Manager of Seminole Sugar Corporation, has been appointed testimony before the Communications Subcommittee of the by Governor Reubin Askew to the newly formed Commission House of Representatives asked for hearings on a bill designed on the Spanish Speaking Populace of Florida. One of 15 peo- to promote fairness and balance in programs aired on public ple selected for the board, others include teachers, lawyers, television. community activists and businessmen. The purpose of the Commission is to inform the legislature and governor of the "A Day Without Sunshine" and another farm labor pro- concerns of the Spanish speaking people in Florida. Antuna gram called "El Corrido" were cited as examples of a lack of was sworn in by Judge Don Adams in his Seminole Sugar objectivity and balance. Irvine says, "This legislation is office in mid-August and will serve a two-year term. needed to get public broadcasting back on the track that Con- gress intended it to follow, i.e., providing programs on con- Antuna lives in Pahokee with his wife, Carmen, and has troversial issues that are more objective and more balanced." two children. Bergland Wants Talks U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Bob Bergland says he wants to assemble farmers, industry and consumer leaders to discuss the possibility of a long-range national sugar policy. "At 13.5 cents a pound, we'll have a policy that will hold our domestic industry at its current (production) level. But it wouldn't be able to expand," Bergland said. He predicted that if prices remain at the proposed 13.5 cent floor, there would be a steady reduction in output of domestic beet sugar and some drop in Louisiana sugarcane acreage. "After we get out of the current sugar crisis, what I'd like is a meeting with leaders in sugarcane and beets and the fructose industry and consumers to figure out what kind of a future policy we ought to have," Bergland said. Left to right, John Moyle, Jose M. Antuna and Judge Don Adams. U.S.S.C. Wins Safety Award United States Sugar Corporation is the recipient of the Florida Division - ASSCT 1976-77 sugar industry safety award. The Eleventh Annual Florida Sugarcane Safety Confer- 8th Annual Meeting ence, jointly sponsored by the Florida Sugan Cane League and the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation, Division of Labor of the Florida Department of Commerce, was held The Eight Annual Meeting of the Florida Division of the October 5 at the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists will be help This year's guest speaker, Mr. J. Baxter Swing, is the Chief Friday, October 14, 1977, in the 4th Floor Meeting Room at of the Bureau of Workmen's Compensation. the Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida. The award, accepted by Nick Smith, safety director for the A reception and banquet will be held that night for mem- corporation, is given each year to the company with the low- bers and guests in Palm Beach at the Holiday Inn. Those est accident frequency/severity index over the past harvest wishing to attend should contact Mr. Ed Rice. season. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Domestic Cane and Beet Output Dietary Goals Attacked To Be Down The controversial report entitled "Dietary Goals for the United States" prepared by the Senate Select Committee on A 17% drop in domestic sugarbeet production and a 4.2% Nutrition and Human Needs continues to be the object of decrease in sugarcane output is expected this year. The United States Department of Agriculture estimates 1977 attack. The American Medical Association is the latest group sugerbeet production to be 24.4 million tons and domestic to condemn the report because there is no proof that diet is sugarcane output is estimated at 27.6 million tons. Actual related to disease, and changing Americans' eating habits may sugar output from cane and beets will be influenced by the lead to economic dislocation. Other groups who have attacked weather during the harvest season. the recommendations made by the Committee in the report Here in Florida, the effects of last winter's freeze on sugar- cane is expected to be evidenced by lower production. These are cattle producers, because the goals recommended reducing effects can be expected to be felt until the affected sugarcane the consumption of meat and increasing the consumption of is replanted. fish and poultry; the Sugar Association, the National Can- The cutting of green sugarcane for planting for Florida's ners Association, egg producers, the National Dairy Council sugar industry began a week late this year (August 29) but is and the Community Nutrition Institute. now progressing normally. Florida Sugar News P.O. Box 1148, Clewiston, Florida 33440 Phone (813) 983-9151 SUGAR Cutting green cane for planting. Tham - BUCAR CAND country The FLORIDA SUGAR NEWS is distributed without charge to members of the Florida Sugar Cane League, and others. Material herein may be reprinted with credit and notification. J. NELSON FAIRBANKS Vice President and General Manager DON WALSH Editor-Director of Public Relations KEITH COWAN Planting (or dropping) seed cane. Managing Editor Geneva Conference OFFICERS Arthur Kirstein, III President Attempts to institute a new international sugar agreement S. N. Knight, Sr. 1st Vice President to stabilize sugar prices are being made in Geneva. Convened Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. 2nd Vice President by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on September 12, the three-week meeting is a follow-up to a Billy Rogers 3rd Vice President session held in the spring of '77 which ended in deadlock. Horace D. Godfrey 4th Vice President U.S. officials have called for the creation of a reserve of 3 J. Nelson Fairbanks 5th Vice President million tons and are relatively optimistic that an agreement and General Manager will be reached on stocks and quotas, says the UPI. "Such stocks," says conference chairman Ernest Jones-Perry, H. T. Vaughn, Jr. Secretary-Treasurer "should be financed by both exporting and importing mem- Atwood Dunwody Asst. Secretary-Treasurer bers of the organization with fees of up to half a cent a pound to establish a sugar stabilization fund. DIRECTORS Jose Antuna S. N. Knight, Sr. Robert D. Apelgren C. D. Lewis John B. Boy A. R. Mayo Unemployed Alvaro Carta Billy Rogers Atwood Dunwody George H. Salley The Department of Labor has ruled that 550 former em- Alfonso Fanjul, Sr. O. H. Sheppard ployees of the Great Western Sugar Company can apply for Alfonso Fanjul, Jr. Fritz Stein government compensation, but another 900 would not be eligi- Lewis Friend Roy Vandegrift, Jr. ble for unemployment benefits. The Department ruled that Walter J. Kautz H. T. Vaughn, Jr. workers who lost their jobs at Great Western Sugar plants in Arthur Kirstein, III George H. Wedgworth the Colorado towns of Brighton, Johnstown and Longmont John A. Yaun lost their jobs because of increased sugar imports and are eligible for trade adjustment assistance. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 Horace Godfrey Reports cluded in the farm bill, they stated, "The Department cur- rently has authority under existing law to carry out the price support program required by this amendment to the Agricul- Farm Bill Goes to President tural Act of 1949. It is the recommendation of the Conferees that the Secretary of Agriculture implement the program Both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Sen- called for by the House amendment as soon as possible - ate have approved the omnibus Farm Bill as modified in Con- even before the Act is signed into law. The Conferees intend that the implementation of the loan and purchase program ference which contains, among other things, a special sugar not be delayed even if there should be a delay in the estab- price support program. The bill now goes to President Carter, lishment of minimum wage rates for agricultural employees and agriculturalists expect his signature. engaged in the production of sugar because of any public hearings that may be held thereon. It is the Conferees' intent, The Conference farm bill provides "that the price of the however, that the loan and purchase and wage rate provisions 1977 and 1978 crops of sugar beets and sugar cane be sup- of section 902 be implemented without any delay upon the ported through loans and purchases at a level not more than bill becoming effective." 65 percent of parity nor less than 52.5 percent of parity, but Senator Long has been working with the Executive Office not less than 13.5 cents per pound raw sugar equivalent. The to insure the immediate implementation of the loan program. Secretary would be authorized to suspend operations of the Basically the position of the mainland cane sugar industry provision at such time as he determines there is an Interna- has been that they desire to get the returns for their sugar tional Suar Agreement in effect which would maintain a U.S. from the market place and not through payment subsidies. raw sugar price of at least 13.5 cents per pound. The provision Proper implementation of the loan program, with accompany- would not affect whatever the Secretary's existing authority ing action required by Section 22 of the Agricultural Adjust- may be under any other provision of this Act, or of existing ment Act, would raise the market price above the loan level, and loans would be unnecessary. The government instead of law, to establish a price support program for that portion of paying out money would collect additional money for the the 1977 crop of sugar cane and sugar beets marketed prior to United States Treasury. It is hoped by the time you read this the implementation of such loans or purchases. It also author- that the program will be announced and in effect. izes and directs the Secretary to establish minimum wage rates for agricultural employees engaged in the production of sugar." Other provisions of the Farm Bill provide that the wheat and corn loan rates for 1977 will be changed to $2.25 for New Unemloyment Compensation Law wheat and $2.00 for corn. Target prices will be changed to $2.90 and $2.00 respectively. The 1978 target prices and mini- Effective January 1 mum loan rates were established as follows: Commodity Target Price Loan Florida's new Unemployment Compensation Law will go $3.05 if 1.8 billion bushel into effect January 1, 1978. The new law will have little effect Wheat bu upon workers who have been covered under the federal Spe- harvest or less $2.35 cial Unemployment Assistance paid from general revenues. 3.00 if more than 1.8 Now, however, covered farm employers will be taxed for this billion bushel harvest benefit. Corn bu 2.10 2.00 (Supports on other feed grains are based on their nutri- Any farmer with 10 or more employees for 20 or more tional and cost of production relationship with corn.) weeks during the year or, who has a payroll of $20,000 in any Cotton lb. .52 (minimum) (projected) .51 calendar quarter during the current or preceding year must Rice cwt 8.45 (projected) 6.31 submit a wage report and pay tax each quarter. Newly cov- Soybeans bu - Discretionary ered employers will be taxed 2.7 percent (state) and .7 per- - 420.00 cent (federal) on the first $6,000 of payroll earnings. After Peanuts ton two years he will be taxed according to his experience rating, which can be expected to be the maximum of 4.5 percent (plus .7 percent). Farmers will be notified if a claim for benefits has been Revised Sugar Payments Program Announced filed and may contest it, if appropriate, in order to protect their experience rating. Farm workers are ineligible if they Secretary of Agriculture Bergland announced on Septem- voluntarily quit, are discharged for misconduct, fail to apply ber 15th the institution of a payments program to support the for or accept suitable work, or, if they are on strike. Even if 1977 crops of sugarbeets and sugarcane. In making the an- an employer expects to reach the maximum rate, he should nouncement, he stated, "The price support payments program contest ineligible claims in order to guard against an increase has been modified to meet legal objections to the payments in the tax rate by the legislature. system we originally proposed. I have determined that the support prices will be $22.84 per ton of average quality sugar- beets and $17.48 per ton of average quality sugarcane. Pay- ments will be made on the processed products (refined beet sugar and raw cane sugar) marketed from the 1977 crop from today forward until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or to the date of actual implementation of the price support loan Fructose Ban? or purchase program which would be mandated by the pend- ing 1977 farm bill." Fructose, or fruit sugar, often used as a substitute for saccharin caused bladder cancer in rats, states Dr. W. P. Since such announcement the Secretary, in an informal McKinley, head of Canada's Health Protection Branch, citing discussion with news reporters indicated that the entire 1977 a recent Canadian study. In a letter to the head of the Cana- crop may be handled through the payments procedure. This dian Soft Drink Association, McKinley wrote that the Cana- would be a violation of law and would ignore the intent of dian government is considering restricting the use of fructose. Congress. When Congress approved the sugar amendment in- in special dietary foods. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 3. Employers of 11 or more employees must maintain an up-to-date log of all recordable occupational injuries FARM AND CITY and illnesses. These employers must also compile an- nual summaries of injuries and illnesses. They must be completed, on appropriate forms, within one month after the close of the calendar year, posted February 1 to March 1 and retained for 5 years. 4. Keep grounds around temporary labor camps (TLC) clean and free from rubbish, debris, waste paper, gar- bage or other refuse. 5. TLC shelters must be constructed so that they provide protection from the elements. 6. Check exterior openings in TLC for effective screening with 16 mesh material. Also all screen doors must be PARTNERS IN ECONOMIC PROGRESS equipped with self-closing devices. 7. Heating, cooking and water heating equipment in TLC must be installed according to state and local ordi- nances, codes and regulations. A camp used during cold Farm-City Tour Scheduled weather must be provided with adequate heating equip- ment. 8. Toilet rooms must be used only for that purpose and Saturday, November 19, 1977, is the date that has been must be adequately ventilated and outside openings chosen for the Sixth Annual Hendry County Farm-City Tour. screened. Where toilet rooms are shared (i.e. multi- This tour, coordinated by Hendry County agricultural exten- family shelters and barracks) separate rooms must be sion agent Ray Burgess, offers coastal city dwellers an oppor- provided for each sex. The rooms must be marked "for tunity to visit Hendry County and become acquainted first- men" and "for women" in English and in the native hand with agriculture and rural life. language of the persons occupying the camp. The toilet rooms must be kept in a sanitary condition and cleaned Anyone interested in participating in the tour or making at least daily. a donation to help defray expenses incurred should contact Mr. Ray Burgess, P.O. Box 68, LaBelle, Florida 33935, (813) 9. Toilet rooms must be lighted by a safe type of lighting 983-7322. at all hours of the day and night. 10. Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious cleanable containers for garbage must be provided. At least one of these must be provided for each family and located within 100 feet of each shelter. It shall be mounted on wooden, metal or concrete stands. Farm Safety Update 11. Make sure adequate first aid facilities, approved by a health authority, are maintained and made available in each labor camp. These facilities shall be placed in charge of someone trained to administer first aid and The Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Agricultural shall be available for use at all times. Engineering Department, after reviewing OSHA inspections in Florida, has published a list of recommendations for Flor- ida farmers. Although not meant to be comprehensive, here is a list of suggested actions for employers to take to improve their work- place. These suggestions resulted from noting some of the most frequently cited sections or for which particularly large fines were assessed. 1. Post posters (in appropriate language). informing em- ployees of the obligations and protection provided by Domestic Raw Sugar Price the law. The poster may not be altered, defaced or cov- ered by other material. It should be posted at the loca- tion to which employees report each day. New York Spot, Sept. 30, 1977 $ 9.60 2. If a citation is received, a copy of it must be posted at Average, Calendar Year 1976 13.32 or near the place where the alleged violation is to have occurred. The citation must be left up until the hazard Average, Jan. 1, 1977 to Sept. 30, 1977 11.08 is corrected or for 3 working days - which ever is longer. First Class Mail FLORIDA SUGAR CANE U.S. POSTAGE LEAGUE, INC. PAID 13c Permit #24 P.O. Box 1148 Clewiston, Florida 33440 Mr. Claud D. Fleet, Jr. Great Western United Corp. 716 Metro Bank Building Denver, Co. 80202 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228 LATE NEWS AT PRESS TIME USDA Announces Final Regulations for Sugar Payments Program: Secretary Bergland recently outlined the final provisions of the 1977 crop sugar price payments program, which was effective on September 15. In making the announcement, the Department stressed that the payment program is an interim measure to remain in effect only until the provisions of the loan or purchase program (de la Garza amendment) provided for in the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, can be effective in keeping prices at the support level. Secretary Bergland said he had directed the Department's Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, to give "highest priority" to finalizing regulations under the new farm bill and putting them into effect. Key provisions of the interim program are: 1977 crop is defined for Louisiana as the harvest period, October 1977 through January 1978, for Florida and Texas, October 1977 chrough May 1978. The support to producers will be made available by means of payments by the Commodity Credit Corpor- ation (CCC-ASCS) to processors on the quantity of raw sugar marketed from the 1977 crop during the period beginning September 16, 1977, until all 1977 crop sugar has been marketed or until another price support program for the 1977 crop supercedes the payment program. In order for the processor to be eligible for payments, he must certify that producers will be paid not less than $15.90 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 12.69% sucrose in normal juice of 78.13% purity), in Louisiana; $18.37 per net ton of sugar cane of average quality (sugar cane containing 14.01% sucrose in normal juice) in Florida and other specified rates in Texas, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. The price may be adjusted for sugar cane of non-average quality on a method agreed upon by the producer and processor. The regulations do not prohibit further ad justments due to normal and traditional customs or practices agreed upon between the producer and processor, with respect to the marketing of sugar cane. The rate of payment for the marketing period will be the amount by which the national average market price received by processors in that period is less than 132/ per pound. National average market price means the price of sugar, raw value, computed by dividing gross proceeds on a raw sugar equivalent basis received by all processors by the quantity of sugar, raw value, marketed by all processors during the marketing period. The regulations covering the payment program were filed with the Federal Register on October 4, and scheduled for printing on October 7. We are reliably informed that ASCS officials are working on regulations and other data for the implementation for the loan or purchase program. It would be difficult to make such a program effective in less than 60 days. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/llyv0228

What is the Business Directory's name?

jflk0226

jflk0226_p0, jflk0226_p1

LOVELL, lovell

Sec. 28, T. 57 N., R. 94 W., of William P. Olson, if he be de- was well made. marvelous new 1/g-oz. "Elec- 6th P. M., Wyoming. The purpose ceased, whose respective addres- Haven't you noticed how some tronic Capsule" may be worth of this notice is to allow any per- ses are unknown: children take longer to learn to investigating My "Ear sons asserting a claim to the You, and each of you, are here- read than others? Aid' is worn entirely in- lands or having bona fide objec- by notified that an action has been commenced against you and is now B A N T E R the-ear, nothing above or no- tions to the proposed exchange There's a book for children thing below, just slip it in your y Beverly ear and you hear again. I will to file their objections in this pending in the District Court of at the library that can't help but send you a free try. Write to office. Any claim or objections Big Horn County, Wyoming, where- The words of an old popular be a hot circulator. Just the title American Hearing Aid must be filed, with evidence that in NORMA CUTLER is Plaintiff song have come to mind several intrigues me, and I haven't read 2924 Second Avenue North, Bil- a copy thereof has been served as the owner of the following des- times this week. It's probably not a juvenile for a long time. It's lings, Montana, 59101. on the applicant, within 30 days cribed real property in Big Horn "The Caterpillar Who Thought He LIMITED TIME ONLY! from the date of first publication accurately quoted but it goes some- County, Wyoming, to-wit: Was a Mustache.' indicated below. Albert L. Simp- thing like this: Township 56 North, Range 96 "Does your mother know you're son, Manager. First publication West of the 6th P. M. in Big out, Cecelia? September 28, 1967. Horn County, Wyoming Does she know what you're a- Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Section 25: E1/2SE1/4,SE1/4- bout, Cecelia?" NE1/4, being described un- I don't recall just what Cecelia der resurvey as Lot 38-H, was up to, or whether she had her BEFORE THE PUBLIC SERVICE LOVELL COMMISSION OF WYOMING 38-1 and 38-P, Also Lots mother's permission or not. It 107-Q, 107-R and 107-S and did make me think, however, how DOCKET NO. M-36856 SUB. NO. 6 Lot 120-B; and much help parents need in keep- IN THE MATTER OF THE AP-) ing track of their offspring. A recent visit with some of our PLICATION OF DENVER-COLO-) Township 56 North, Range 95 RADO SPRINGS-PUEBLO MOT-) West of the 6th P.M. in Big local law officers on my beatmade me even more aware of it. Business Directory ORWAY, INC., FOR DISCONTIN-) Horn County, Wyoming UANCE OF BUS OPERATIONS) They suspect that teenagers may OF SCHEDULES NOS. 1611 AND) Resurvey Lot 120-A and be causing the damage to expen- 1606 BETWEEN CASPER AND) Resurvey Lot 107-E, sive utility and construction equip- except FRANNIE, WYOMING. ) that portion described as fol- ment by shooting at them with Don't throw away DIAMOND NOTICE OF HEARING ON lows: Beginning at the North- guns. those old shoes Another mentioned the numer- APPLICATION east corner of said Lot 107-E LUMBER co. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: and running thence South o° 2' ous times he's checked on young and boots- 1. THAT the Commission has people who persist in dragging YOUR DEALER West along the East bound- Main until the wee hours of the BRING THEM TO US AND FOR 50 YEARS set down for public hearing in the ary line of said Lot 107-E Washakie County District Court 946.4 feet to the North right- morning. WE'LL MAKE THEM -PHONE 548-7271- Room, Court House, Worland, of-way line of U. S. Hwy. "We check on them, it's our LIKE NEW! Wyoming, on Tuesday, October 310, thence North 87°38' West job,' he said. He explained that FOR ACCURATE, FREE ESTIMATES AND last week when one of the local 24, 1967 at 9:00 A.M., the appli- 397 feet along said right-of- Big Horn Shoe & cation of Denver-Colorado way line to the West boundary businesses was burglarized sev- Dependable Service Springs-Pueblo Motorway, Inc., of said Lot 107-E, thence eral cars of young people were Saddle Shop seeking authority to discontinue North 0°2' East along West questioned. 426 Nevada Ave. Lovell - 50TH ANNIVERSARY - operation of one daily northbound boundary of said Lot 107-E Some had legitimate excuses schedule designated as Schedule 929.3 feet to Northwest cor- for being out that late, accord- DR. G. W. OHMAN No. 1606 and one daily southbound ner of said Lot, thence 89° ing to the officer. Others were Dr. Clark A. Burrell schedule designated as Schedule 52' East along North bound- just cruising. "If they don't want No. 1611 between Casperand Fran- ary of said Lot 396.6 feet to get involved, they' re better off Chiropractor at home," the officer opined, and nie, Wyoming. to the point of beginning. - HOURS - 2. THAT formal protests or and you are Defendants, the ob- I was inclined to agree. OPTOMETRIST objections to said application shall ject and prayer of the Complaint So I rushed home and lined up 9 a.m. to 12 noon be filed with the Wyoming Public in said action being to quiet title my gun buffs and my late arrivals 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Service Commission not later than in Plaintiff to said real property, and held a little interogation of Monday thru Friday 427 Nevada Ave- three days prior to said hearing and that you be adjudged to have my own. Generally, I know where date. no right, title or interest therein; they are going and what time they Evenings by appointment 3. THAT all persons interested and you are required to file with 441 Montana Ave -Phone 548-7061 in the subject matter of said ap- the Clerk of said Court and serve STATE LAND VACANT FOR Qffice ph. 7020 - Res. ph. 7080 plication may appear at saidhear- upon the Plaintiff's attorney an GRAZING ing and be heard, either in person answer to the Complaint within BIG HORN COUNTY or through counsel, in accordance thirty (30) days after the last SE1/4NW1/4 (Res. Lot 74-F) with the Commission's Rules of publication of the notice, and judg- Sec. 27, T.56N., R.96W., contain- KEIL'S RAY MINCHOW'S Practice and Procedure. ment by default may be rendered ing 41.11 acres. against you if you fail to appear Applications for Grazing Lease Furniture & Hardware SERVICE DATED at Cheyenne, Wyoming, -- Open 7 a.m. to 9 p.m.. this 19th day of Septmeber, A. and answer. may be obtained from the Office Lovell, Wyo. D., 1967. DATED this 3rd day of October, of Commissioner of Public Lands. The Flying Red Horse BY ORDER OF THE 1967. Applications accompanied by "Where Your Dollar Mobilgas - Oil - Tires COMMISSION Melba Swenson rental offer and fees, filed on or Buys More" Diesel Fuel WILLIAM M. ROONEY, Clerk of District Court before October 23, 1967, will be Director given consideration. Greasing - Washing R. B. Bowman, Attorney for Plain- -EVERYTHING- Motor Transportation tiff Address: SCOTCHMAN ICE CUBES Department P. o. Box 517 Commissioner of Public Lands FOR THE HOMEMAKER -Lovell's Finest- (SEAL) Lovell, Wyoming 82431 Room 113 Capitol Building First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 "Shop Keil's" Ph. 548-7211 Lovell Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Last publication: Oct. 26, 1967 Publish: Oct. 12, 1967 Source: The 1967 Sugar Beet harvest is well into the second and the tonnage is also comparable to last year. Continued week, and Lovell Factory Superintendent Marvin Pettigrew favorable weather will increase the tonnage of the beets reports that if favorable weather continues this year's har- still in the ground since there hasn't yet been a hard frost vest will be as good or better than last year. At present the to stop their growth. There were 23,000 acres planted to sugar content is 15.4%, the same as last year at this time, beets in the Lovell Factory District this year. Lovell Chronicle 10/12/67 Source:

What is the name of the Furniture & Hardware company?

jflk0226

jflk0226_p0, jflk0226_p1

"KEILS", "Keils"

Sec. 28, T. 57 N., R. 94 W., of William P. Olson, if he be de- was well made. marvelous new 1/g-oz. "Elec- 6th P. M., Wyoming. The purpose ceased, whose respective addres- Haven't you noticed how some tronic Capsule" may be worth of this notice is to allow any per- ses are unknown: children take longer to learn to investigating My "Ear sons asserting a claim to the You, and each of you, are here- read than others? Aid' is worn entirely in- lands or having bona fide objec- by notified that an action has been commenced against you and is now B A N T E R the-ear, nothing above or no- tions to the proposed exchange There's a book for children thing below, just slip it in your y Beverly ear and you hear again. I will to file their objections in this pending in the District Court of at the library that can't help but send you a free try. Write to office. Any claim or objections Big Horn County, Wyoming, where- The words of an old popular be a hot circulator. Just the title American Hearing Aid must be filed, with evidence that in NORMA CUTLER is Plaintiff song have come to mind several intrigues me, and I haven't read 2924 Second Avenue North, Bil- a copy thereof has been served as the owner of the following des- times this week. It's probably not a juvenile for a long time. It's lings, Montana, 59101. on the applicant, within 30 days cribed real property in Big Horn "The Caterpillar Who Thought He LIMITED TIME ONLY! from the date of first publication accurately quoted but it goes some- County, Wyoming, to-wit: Was a Mustache.' indicated below. Albert L. Simp- thing like this: Township 56 North, Range 96 "Does your mother know you're son, Manager. First publication West of the 6th P. M. in Big out, Cecelia? September 28, 1967. Horn County, Wyoming Does she know what you're a- Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Section 25: E1/2SE1/4,SE1/4- bout, Cecelia?" NE1/4, being described un- I don't recall just what Cecelia der resurvey as Lot 38-H, was up to, or whether she had her BEFORE THE PUBLIC SERVICE LOVELL COMMISSION OF WYOMING 38-1 and 38-P, Also Lots mother's permission or not. It 107-Q, 107-R and 107-S and did make me think, however, how DOCKET NO. M-36856 SUB. NO. 6 Lot 120-B; and much help parents need in keep- IN THE MATTER OF THE AP-) ing track of their offspring. A recent visit with some of our PLICATION OF DENVER-COLO-) Township 56 North, Range 95 RADO SPRINGS-PUEBLO MOT-) West of the 6th P.M. in Big local law officers on my beatmade me even more aware of it. Business Directory ORWAY, INC., FOR DISCONTIN-) Horn County, Wyoming UANCE OF BUS OPERATIONS) They suspect that teenagers may OF SCHEDULES NOS. 1611 AND) Resurvey Lot 120-A and be causing the damage to expen- 1606 BETWEEN CASPER AND) Resurvey Lot 107-E, sive utility and construction equip- except FRANNIE, WYOMING. ) that portion described as fol- ment by shooting at them with Don't throw away DIAMOND NOTICE OF HEARING ON lows: Beginning at the North- guns. those old shoes Another mentioned the numer- APPLICATION east corner of said Lot 107-E LUMBER co. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: and running thence South o° 2' ous times he's checked on young and boots- 1. THAT the Commission has people who persist in dragging YOUR DEALER West along the East bound- Main until the wee hours of the BRING THEM TO US AND FOR 50 YEARS set down for public hearing in the ary line of said Lot 107-E Washakie County District Court 946.4 feet to the North right- morning. WE'LL MAKE THEM -PHONE 548-7271- Room, Court House, Worland, of-way line of U. S. Hwy. "We check on them, it's our LIKE NEW! Wyoming, on Tuesday, October 310, thence North 87°38' West job,' he said. He explained that FOR ACCURATE, FREE ESTIMATES AND last week when one of the local 24, 1967 at 9:00 A.M., the appli- 397 feet along said right-of- Big Horn Shoe & cation of Denver-Colorado way line to the West boundary businesses was burglarized sev- Dependable Service Springs-Pueblo Motorway, Inc., of said Lot 107-E, thence eral cars of young people were Saddle Shop seeking authority to discontinue North 0°2' East along West questioned. 426 Nevada Ave. Lovell - 50TH ANNIVERSARY - operation of one daily northbound boundary of said Lot 107-E Some had legitimate excuses schedule designated as Schedule 929.3 feet to Northwest cor- for being out that late, accord- DR. G. W. OHMAN No. 1606 and one daily southbound ner of said Lot, thence 89° ing to the officer. Others were Dr. Clark A. Burrell schedule designated as Schedule 52' East along North bound- just cruising. "If they don't want No. 1611 between Casperand Fran- ary of said Lot 396.6 feet to get involved, they' re better off Chiropractor at home," the officer opined, and nie, Wyoming. to the point of beginning. - HOURS - 2. THAT formal protests or and you are Defendants, the ob- I was inclined to agree. OPTOMETRIST objections to said application shall ject and prayer of the Complaint So I rushed home and lined up 9 a.m. to 12 noon be filed with the Wyoming Public in said action being to quiet title my gun buffs and my late arrivals 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Service Commission not later than in Plaintiff to said real property, and held a little interogation of Monday thru Friday 427 Nevada Ave- three days prior to said hearing and that you be adjudged to have my own. Generally, I know where date. no right, title or interest therein; they are going and what time they Evenings by appointment 3. THAT all persons interested and you are required to file with 441 Montana Ave -Phone 548-7061 in the subject matter of said ap- the Clerk of said Court and serve STATE LAND VACANT FOR Qffice ph. 7020 - Res. ph. 7080 plication may appear at saidhear- upon the Plaintiff's attorney an GRAZING ing and be heard, either in person answer to the Complaint within BIG HORN COUNTY or through counsel, in accordance thirty (30) days after the last SE1/4NW1/4 (Res. Lot 74-F) with the Commission's Rules of publication of the notice, and judg- Sec. 27, T.56N., R.96W., contain- KEIL'S RAY MINCHOW'S Practice and Procedure. ment by default may be rendered ing 41.11 acres. against you if you fail to appear Applications for Grazing Lease Furniture & Hardware SERVICE DATED at Cheyenne, Wyoming, -- Open 7 a.m. to 9 p.m.. this 19th day of Septmeber, A. and answer. may be obtained from the Office Lovell, Wyo. D., 1967. DATED this 3rd day of October, of Commissioner of Public Lands. The Flying Red Horse BY ORDER OF THE 1967. Applications accompanied by "Where Your Dollar Mobilgas - Oil - Tires COMMISSION Melba Swenson rental offer and fees, filed on or Buys More" Diesel Fuel WILLIAM M. ROONEY, Clerk of District Court before October 23, 1967, will be Director given consideration. Greasing - Washing R. B. Bowman, Attorney for Plain- -EVERYTHING- Motor Transportation tiff Address: SCOTCHMAN ICE CUBES Department P. o. Box 517 Commissioner of Public Lands FOR THE HOMEMAKER -Lovell's Finest- (SEAL) Lovell, Wyoming 82431 Room 113 Capitol Building First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 "Shop Keil's" Ph. 548-7211 Lovell Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Last publication: Oct. 26, 1967 Publish: Oct. 12, 1967 Source: The 1967 Sugar Beet harvest is well into the second and the tonnage is also comparable to last year. Continued week, and Lovell Factory Superintendent Marvin Pettigrew favorable weather will increase the tonnage of the beets reports that if favorable weather continues this year's har- still in the ground since there hasn't yet been a hard frost vest will be as good or better than last year. At present the to stop their growth. There were 23,000 acres planted to sugar content is 15.4%, the same as last year at this time, beets in the Lovell Factory District this year. Lovell Chronicle 10/12/67 Source:

From when to when is RAY MINCHOW'S SERVICE open?

jflk0226

jflk0226_p0, jflk0226_p1

7 a.m. to 9 p.m.

Sec. 28, T. 57 N., R. 94 W., of William P. Olson, if he be de- was well made. marvelous new 1/g-oz. "Elec- 6th P. M., Wyoming. The purpose ceased, whose respective addres- Haven't you noticed how some tronic Capsule" may be worth of this notice is to allow any per- ses are unknown: children take longer to learn to investigating My "Ear sons asserting a claim to the You, and each of you, are here- read than others? Aid' is worn entirely in- lands or having bona fide objec- by notified that an action has been commenced against you and is now B A N T E R the-ear, nothing above or no- tions to the proposed exchange There's a book for children thing below, just slip it in your y Beverly ear and you hear again. I will to file their objections in this pending in the District Court of at the library that can't help but send you a free try. Write to office. Any claim or objections Big Horn County, Wyoming, where- The words of an old popular be a hot circulator. Just the title American Hearing Aid must be filed, with evidence that in NORMA CUTLER is Plaintiff song have come to mind several intrigues me, and I haven't read 2924 Second Avenue North, Bil- a copy thereof has been served as the owner of the following des- times this week. It's probably not a juvenile for a long time. It's lings, Montana, 59101. on the applicant, within 30 days cribed real property in Big Horn "The Caterpillar Who Thought He LIMITED TIME ONLY! from the date of first publication accurately quoted but it goes some- County, Wyoming, to-wit: Was a Mustache.' indicated below. Albert L. Simp- thing like this: Township 56 North, Range 96 "Does your mother know you're son, Manager. First publication West of the 6th P. M. in Big out, Cecelia? September 28, 1967. Horn County, Wyoming Does she know what you're a- Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Section 25: E1/2SE1/4,SE1/4- bout, Cecelia?" NE1/4, being described un- I don't recall just what Cecelia der resurvey as Lot 38-H, was up to, or whether she had her BEFORE THE PUBLIC SERVICE LOVELL COMMISSION OF WYOMING 38-1 and 38-P, Also Lots mother's permission or not. It 107-Q, 107-R and 107-S and did make me think, however, how DOCKET NO. M-36856 SUB. NO. 6 Lot 120-B; and much help parents need in keep- IN THE MATTER OF THE AP-) ing track of their offspring. A recent visit with some of our PLICATION OF DENVER-COLO-) Township 56 North, Range 95 RADO SPRINGS-PUEBLO MOT-) West of the 6th P.M. in Big local law officers on my beatmade me even more aware of it. Business Directory ORWAY, INC., FOR DISCONTIN-) Horn County, Wyoming UANCE OF BUS OPERATIONS) They suspect that teenagers may OF SCHEDULES NOS. 1611 AND) Resurvey Lot 120-A and be causing the damage to expen- 1606 BETWEEN CASPER AND) Resurvey Lot 107-E, sive utility and construction equip- except FRANNIE, WYOMING. ) that portion described as fol- ment by shooting at them with Don't throw away DIAMOND NOTICE OF HEARING ON lows: Beginning at the North- guns. those old shoes Another mentioned the numer- APPLICATION east corner of said Lot 107-E LUMBER co. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: and running thence South o° 2' ous times he's checked on young and boots- 1. THAT the Commission has people who persist in dragging YOUR DEALER West along the East bound- Main until the wee hours of the BRING THEM TO US AND FOR 50 YEARS set down for public hearing in the ary line of said Lot 107-E Washakie County District Court 946.4 feet to the North right- morning. WE'LL MAKE THEM -PHONE 548-7271- Room, Court House, Worland, of-way line of U. S. Hwy. "We check on them, it's our LIKE NEW! Wyoming, on Tuesday, October 310, thence North 87°38' West job,' he said. He explained that FOR ACCURATE, FREE ESTIMATES AND last week when one of the local 24, 1967 at 9:00 A.M., the appli- 397 feet along said right-of- Big Horn Shoe & cation of Denver-Colorado way line to the West boundary businesses was burglarized sev- Dependable Service Springs-Pueblo Motorway, Inc., of said Lot 107-E, thence eral cars of young people were Saddle Shop seeking authority to discontinue North 0°2' East along West questioned. 426 Nevada Ave. Lovell - 50TH ANNIVERSARY - operation of one daily northbound boundary of said Lot 107-E Some had legitimate excuses schedule designated as Schedule 929.3 feet to Northwest cor- for being out that late, accord- DR. G. W. OHMAN No. 1606 and one daily southbound ner of said Lot, thence 89° ing to the officer. Others were Dr. Clark A. Burrell schedule designated as Schedule 52' East along North bound- just cruising. "If they don't want No. 1611 between Casperand Fran- ary of said Lot 396.6 feet to get involved, they' re better off Chiropractor at home," the officer opined, and nie, Wyoming. to the point of beginning. - HOURS - 2. THAT formal protests or and you are Defendants, the ob- I was inclined to agree. OPTOMETRIST objections to said application shall ject and prayer of the Complaint So I rushed home and lined up 9 a.m. to 12 noon be filed with the Wyoming Public in said action being to quiet title my gun buffs and my late arrivals 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Service Commission not later than in Plaintiff to said real property, and held a little interogation of Monday thru Friday 427 Nevada Ave- three days prior to said hearing and that you be adjudged to have my own. Generally, I know where date. no right, title or interest therein; they are going and what time they Evenings by appointment 3. THAT all persons interested and you are required to file with 441 Montana Ave -Phone 548-7061 in the subject matter of said ap- the Clerk of said Court and serve STATE LAND VACANT FOR Qffice ph. 7020 - Res. ph. 7080 plication may appear at saidhear- upon the Plaintiff's attorney an GRAZING ing and be heard, either in person answer to the Complaint within BIG HORN COUNTY or through counsel, in accordance thirty (30) days after the last SE1/4NW1/4 (Res. Lot 74-F) with the Commission's Rules of publication of the notice, and judg- Sec. 27, T.56N., R.96W., contain- KEIL'S RAY MINCHOW'S Practice and Procedure. ment by default may be rendered ing 41.11 acres. against you if you fail to appear Applications for Grazing Lease Furniture & Hardware SERVICE DATED at Cheyenne, Wyoming, -- Open 7 a.m. to 9 p.m.. this 19th day of Septmeber, A. and answer. may be obtained from the Office Lovell, Wyo. D., 1967. DATED this 3rd day of October, of Commissioner of Public Lands. The Flying Red Horse BY ORDER OF THE 1967. Applications accompanied by "Where Your Dollar Mobilgas - Oil - Tires COMMISSION Melba Swenson rental offer and fees, filed on or Buys More" Diesel Fuel WILLIAM M. ROONEY, Clerk of District Court before October 23, 1967, will be Director given consideration. Greasing - Washing R. B. Bowman, Attorney for Plain- -EVERYTHING- Motor Transportation tiff Address: SCOTCHMAN ICE CUBES Department P. o. Box 517 Commissioner of Public Lands FOR THE HOMEMAKER -Lovell's Finest- (SEAL) Lovell, Wyoming 82431 Room 113 Capitol Building First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 "Shop Keil's" Ph. 548-7211 Lovell Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Last publication: Oct. 26, 1967 Publish: Oct. 12, 1967 Source: The 1967 Sugar Beet harvest is well into the second and the tonnage is also comparable to last year. Continued week, and Lovell Factory Superintendent Marvin Pettigrew favorable weather will increase the tonnage of the beets reports that if favorable weather continues this year's har- still in the ground since there hasn't yet been a hard frost vest will be as good or better than last year. At present the to stop their growth. There were 23,000 acres planted to sugar content is 15.4%, the same as last year at this time, beets in the Lovell Factory District this year. Lovell Chronicle 10/12/67 Source:

Who is the OPTOMETRIST?

jflk0226

jflk0226_p0, jflk0226_p1

Dr. Clark A. Burrell

Sec. 28, T. 57 N., R. 94 W., of William P. Olson, if he be de- was well made. marvelous new 1/g-oz. "Elec- 6th P. M., Wyoming. The purpose ceased, whose respective addres- Haven't you noticed how some tronic Capsule" may be worth of this notice is to allow any per- ses are unknown: children take longer to learn to investigating My "Ear sons asserting a claim to the You, and each of you, are here- read than others? Aid' is worn entirely in- lands or having bona fide objec- by notified that an action has been commenced against you and is now B A N T E R the-ear, nothing above or no- tions to the proposed exchange There's a book for children thing below, just slip it in your y Beverly ear and you hear again. I will to file their objections in this pending in the District Court of at the library that can't help but send you a free try. Write to office. Any claim or objections Big Horn County, Wyoming, where- The words of an old popular be a hot circulator. Just the title American Hearing Aid must be filed, with evidence that in NORMA CUTLER is Plaintiff song have come to mind several intrigues me, and I haven't read 2924 Second Avenue North, Bil- a copy thereof has been served as the owner of the following des- times this week. It's probably not a juvenile for a long time. It's lings, Montana, 59101. on the applicant, within 30 days cribed real property in Big Horn "The Caterpillar Who Thought He LIMITED TIME ONLY! from the date of first publication accurately quoted but it goes some- County, Wyoming, to-wit: Was a Mustache.' indicated below. Albert L. Simp- thing like this: Township 56 North, Range 96 "Does your mother know you're son, Manager. First publication West of the 6th P. M. in Big out, Cecelia? September 28, 1967. Horn County, Wyoming Does she know what you're a- Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Section 25: E1/2SE1/4,SE1/4- bout, Cecelia?" NE1/4, being described un- I don't recall just what Cecelia der resurvey as Lot 38-H, was up to, or whether she had her BEFORE THE PUBLIC SERVICE LOVELL COMMISSION OF WYOMING 38-1 and 38-P, Also Lots mother's permission or not. It 107-Q, 107-R and 107-S and did make me think, however, how DOCKET NO. M-36856 SUB. NO. 6 Lot 120-B; and much help parents need in keep- IN THE MATTER OF THE AP-) ing track of their offspring. A recent visit with some of our PLICATION OF DENVER-COLO-) Township 56 North, Range 95 RADO SPRINGS-PUEBLO MOT-) West of the 6th P.M. in Big local law officers on my beatmade me even more aware of it. Business Directory ORWAY, INC., FOR DISCONTIN-) Horn County, Wyoming UANCE OF BUS OPERATIONS) They suspect that teenagers may OF SCHEDULES NOS. 1611 AND) Resurvey Lot 120-A and be causing the damage to expen- 1606 BETWEEN CASPER AND) Resurvey Lot 107-E, sive utility and construction equip- except FRANNIE, WYOMING. ) that portion described as fol- ment by shooting at them with Don't throw away DIAMOND NOTICE OF HEARING ON lows: Beginning at the North- guns. those old shoes Another mentioned the numer- APPLICATION east corner of said Lot 107-E LUMBER co. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: and running thence South o° 2' ous times he's checked on young and boots- 1. THAT the Commission has people who persist in dragging YOUR DEALER West along the East bound- Main until the wee hours of the BRING THEM TO US AND FOR 50 YEARS set down for public hearing in the ary line of said Lot 107-E Washakie County District Court 946.4 feet to the North right- morning. WE'LL MAKE THEM -PHONE 548-7271- Room, Court House, Worland, of-way line of U. S. Hwy. "We check on them, it's our LIKE NEW! Wyoming, on Tuesday, October 310, thence North 87°38' West job,' he said. He explained that FOR ACCURATE, FREE ESTIMATES AND last week when one of the local 24, 1967 at 9:00 A.M., the appli- 397 feet along said right-of- Big Horn Shoe & cation of Denver-Colorado way line to the West boundary businesses was burglarized sev- Dependable Service Springs-Pueblo Motorway, Inc., of said Lot 107-E, thence eral cars of young people were Saddle Shop seeking authority to discontinue North 0°2' East along West questioned. 426 Nevada Ave. Lovell - 50TH ANNIVERSARY - operation of one daily northbound boundary of said Lot 107-E Some had legitimate excuses schedule designated as Schedule 929.3 feet to Northwest cor- for being out that late, accord- DR. G. W. OHMAN No. 1606 and one daily southbound ner of said Lot, thence 89° ing to the officer. Others were Dr. Clark A. Burrell schedule designated as Schedule 52' East along North bound- just cruising. "If they don't want No. 1611 between Casperand Fran- ary of said Lot 396.6 feet to get involved, they' re better off Chiropractor at home," the officer opined, and nie, Wyoming. to the point of beginning. - HOURS - 2. THAT formal protests or and you are Defendants, the ob- I was inclined to agree. OPTOMETRIST objections to said application shall ject and prayer of the Complaint So I rushed home and lined up 9 a.m. to 12 noon be filed with the Wyoming Public in said action being to quiet title my gun buffs and my late arrivals 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Service Commission not later than in Plaintiff to said real property, and held a little interogation of Monday thru Friday 427 Nevada Ave- three days prior to said hearing and that you be adjudged to have my own. Generally, I know where date. no right, title or interest therein; they are going and what time they Evenings by appointment 3. THAT all persons interested and you are required to file with 441 Montana Ave -Phone 548-7061 in the subject matter of said ap- the Clerk of said Court and serve STATE LAND VACANT FOR Qffice ph. 7020 - Res. ph. 7080 plication may appear at saidhear- upon the Plaintiff's attorney an GRAZING ing and be heard, either in person answer to the Complaint within BIG HORN COUNTY or through counsel, in accordance thirty (30) days after the last SE1/4NW1/4 (Res. Lot 74-F) with the Commission's Rules of publication of the notice, and judg- Sec. 27, T.56N., R.96W., contain- KEIL'S RAY MINCHOW'S Practice and Procedure. ment by default may be rendered ing 41.11 acres. against you if you fail to appear Applications for Grazing Lease Furniture & Hardware SERVICE DATED at Cheyenne, Wyoming, -- Open 7 a.m. to 9 p.m.. this 19th day of Septmeber, A. and answer. may be obtained from the Office Lovell, Wyo. D., 1967. DATED this 3rd day of October, of Commissioner of Public Lands. The Flying Red Horse BY ORDER OF THE 1967. Applications accompanied by "Where Your Dollar Mobilgas - Oil - Tires COMMISSION Melba Swenson rental offer and fees, filed on or Buys More" Diesel Fuel WILLIAM M. ROONEY, Clerk of District Court before October 23, 1967, will be Director given consideration. Greasing - Washing R. B. Bowman, Attorney for Plain- -EVERYTHING- Motor Transportation tiff Address: SCOTCHMAN ICE CUBES Department P. o. Box 517 Commissioner of Public Lands FOR THE HOMEMAKER -Lovell's Finest- (SEAL) Lovell, Wyoming 82431 Room 113 Capitol Building First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 First publication: Oct. 5, 1967 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 "Shop Keil's" Ph. 548-7211 Lovell Last publication: Oct. 19, 1967 Last publication: Oct. 26, 1967 Publish: Oct. 12, 1967 Source: The 1967 Sugar Beet harvest is well into the second and the tonnage is also comparable to last year. Continued week, and Lovell Factory Superintendent Marvin Pettigrew favorable weather will increase the tonnage of the beets reports that if favorable weather continues this year's har- still in the ground since there hasn't yet been a hard frost vest will be as good or better than last year. At present the to stop their growth. There were 23,000 acres planted to sugar content is 15.4%, the same as last year at this time, beets in the Lovell Factory District this year. Lovell Chronicle 10/12/67 Source:

Sugar may be a scapegoat in which ills?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries, Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

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jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

Apr. 21, 1978

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

What is the CONSTITUTION's name?

jqyv0228

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THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION, the atlantic constitution

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

Which biotypes distribution is taken place in five human populations?

rllk0226

rllk0226_p0, rllk0226_p1, rllk0226_p2, rllk0226_p3, rllk0226_p4

Streptococcus mutans, streptococcus mutans

TO: ISRF Members DATE: April 15, 1977 SUBJECT: Recent Literature on Dental Caries ISRF BIBLIOGRAPHIC SURVEY THI 7968 DENTAL CARIES Please add to your loose-leaf folder the following: - "Role of carbohydrates in dental caries." - "Dental plaque and dietary intakes in schoolchildren in Hawaii. " - "Effects of sodium trimetaphosphate supplementation of a high sucrose diet on the microbial and biochemical composition of four-day plaque and on urine calcium and phosphorus levels. - "Distribution of Streptococcus mutans biotypes in five human populations. Source:https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rllk0226 ISRF BIBLIOGRAPHIC SURVEY. - DENTAL CARIES * Bowen, William H.- - In: Physiological Effects of Food Carbohydrates Edited by Allene Jeanes and J. Hodge. Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society, 1975. pp.150-155. "Role of carbohydrates in dental caries.' Abstracts: "Dental caries results from the action of specific bacteria which colonize the tooth surface and metabolize particular compo- nents of the diet. The action results in the rapid and sometimes prolonged production of acid on the tooth surface resulting in the dissolution of the enamel. p.150 "There is now an abundance of evidence accumulated from epidemio- logical surveys and animal experimentation which clearly indicates that dental caries does not develop in the absence of dietary carbohydrate. In an elegant clinical study Gustafsson, et.al. [1954] showed that the incidence of caries is related to the frequency of intake of carbohydrate and not to the total amount consumed. For example, patients who in 1 year consumed 94 kg. of sugar with meals had fewer new carious lesions than patients who consumed 85kg. , 15 of which was taken between meals. " p.150 "The size of particles and the adhesiveness of the diet also in- fluence the cariogenicity of the diet. In general the longer a potentially cariogenic substance is retained in the mouth the greated is the likelihood that caries will develop." pp. .150-151 "Specific microorganisms are associated with the early forma- tion of dental plaque and sucrose plays an important role in their establishment on the tooth surface. Streptococcus mutans is a prime microbial agent in the pathogenesis of dental caries. It has several interesting properties; it is found predominantly on the tooth surface and it forms polyglucan and polyfructan from sucrose. " p.151 "Sucrose has probably been blamed as the main dietary culprit in caries causation simply because it is the sugar which is most frequently ingested. There is no evidence that its substitution by glucose or fructose would lead to a significant reduction in dental decay in humans. Results of many experiments carried in animals clearly indicate that glucose and fructose can induce significant levels of decay. " p.153 "There is little doubt that the incidence of caries would decline dramatically if the general population would reduce the frequency of intake of fermentable carbohydrates. Any disease which affects 95% of the population is unlikely to be controlled to a significant extent by individual effort. Effective control calls for public health measures and of these water fluoridation is the most effective. p.153 *National Caries Program, NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA X/-/N Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rllk0226 ISRF BIBLIOGRAPHIC SURVEY - DENTAL CARIES Chung, C.S. *, J.H. Hankin, W. Miyamoto, and M.C. Kau - J Dent Res 56 (1) : 11-16, January 1977 "Dental plaque and dietary intakes in schoolchildren in Hawaii. " Abstracts: "Dental plaque, the soft bacterial deposit that forms on and adheres to tooth surfaces, has a primary role in the etiology of dental caries and periodontal disease. Although this deposit is not a food residue, plaque bacteria use ingested nutrients, particularly soluble sugars, to form components of the matrix. "p. 11 "Because plaque formation precedes tooth decay and periodontal disease, studies of eating patterns and the extent of plaque may provide further insight into the etiology and primary prevention of these oral diseases. p.11 "Briefly, we obtained two to three 24-hour recalls of the fre- quencies of intake of the following 39 food items or groups from each child: " p.12 "Mean daily frequencies of eating the various items were calculated for each person. " p.12 "Among the nondietary factors studied in relation to plaque accumulation, the frequency of toothbrushing was found to be the only factor bearing significant association with the amount of plaque on the teeth. This again confirms the importance of tooth- brushing in the removal of plaque, which is a well-established principle. p.14 In the present study, two kinds of food were shown to be conducive to the accumulation of plaque. These were a group of food items including (1) sweet rolls, sweet breads, manapua, or mochi and (2) poi. all of these foods with the possible exception of manapua, consist of starch sweetened with sucrose. Poi is often eaten with sucrose. " p.14 "The common characteristics of all of these foods are their com- position (sucrose-sweetened starch) and adhesiveness. p.14 "It is possible that the high sucrose content and adhesiveness of a food may interact to accelerate the accumulation of plaque. " p.15 "Plaque formation on the teeth as measured by the number of teeth with a heavy plaque accumulation was found to be influenced by diet. Accumulation of plaque was enhanced by the frequent consumption of food items such as sweet rolls, sweet breads, manapua, and poi. All of these are characterized by their sucrose content and stickiness. However, fruit drinks were shown to have a retarding effect on plaque growth. p.16 *Dept. of Public Health Sciences, U. of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA H/-/M Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rllk0226 ISRF BIBLIOGRAPHIC SURVEY - DENTAL CARIES Dennis, D. Adele*, Thomas H. Gawronski, Dawn E. Cressey, and Lars E.A. Folke - J Dent Res 55 (5):787-796, Sept- Oct 1976 "Effects of sodium trimetaphosphate supplementation of a high sucrose diet on the microbial and biochemical composition of four-day plaque and on urine calcium and phosphorus levels. Abstracts: Considerable evidence has accumulated that indicates that the inclusion of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) into the caries-pro- ducing diets of rats and hamsters results in decreased incidence of caries in these animals. " p.787 "This is a study of the influence of TMP contained in a high su- crose diet on the microbiological and biochemical composition of human dental plaque and calcium and phosphorus levels in urine. " p.787 "The purpose was to determine whether long-term investigations of TMP as a potential cariostatic agent are warranted in man. p.792 "The ten male dental students and two female dietary interns who volunteered as subjects for this study consumed two controlled, nutritionally adequate diets; a high sucrose diet (3,000 kcal/day, 200 gm sucrose/day) and an identical diet supplemented with 5 gm/ day TMP. Each diet regimen was served for three weeks, with an interval of at least three weeks interposed between the two con- trolled diet periods. During this interval, the participants ate their normal diet. p.787 "Results of this study show that the oral administration of TMP influenced the microbiological composition of pooled four-day plaque as well as the calcium and phosphorus levels in urine. Whether the observed microbiological changes would influence the initiation and progression of fissure and smooth surface caries in man remains speculative. We believe the microbiological changes induced during the TMP-diet regimens warrant further investigation and corroboration before long-term clinical studies are initiated. " p.795 Division of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. H/-/N Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/rllk0226 ISRF BIBLIOGRAPHIC SURVEY - DENTAL CARIES Keene, Harris J. *, Irving L. Shklair, Gerald J. Mickel, and Milton R. Wirthlin - J Dent Res 56 (1):5-9, January 1977 "Distribution of Streptococcus mutans biotypes in five human populations. Conclusions: "The distributions of S mutans biotypes in five geographically separated human populations was investigated. Samples of dental plaque were obtained from recruits at the US Naval Training Center in Orlando, Fl (N=49), in San Diego, Calif (N=25), and in Great Lakes, Ill (N=194) , and from a sample of Hawaiian school children (N=55) and Saudi Arabian Navy personnel (N=217) . Cultural and biochemical methods were used for the isolation and identification of the five different biotypes of S mutans which correlate with Bratthall's serotypes a through e. Geographic differences in S mutans biotype distribution were most apparent when the Saudi Arabian sample was compared to the other four groups Single and multiple biotypes were observed in each group. Multiple biotypes occurred most frequently in the Saudi Arabians. Biotypes a and b were rarely observed; C was the most common in each of the populations; and d and e were more prevalent in the Saudi Arabians than in the other groups. Because of the multi-factorial nature of dental caries, caution should be exercised in the interpreta- tion of population differences in caries experience that seem to be associated with differences in S mutans-type distribution. " p.9 "The significance of the occurrence of different serotypes or biotypes of S mutans in human or other animal populations is not yet apparent. In view of the tultifactiorial nature of dental caries, caution must be exercised in the interpretation of popula- tion differences in caries experience that seem to be associated with differences in S mutans serotype or biotype prevalence. " p. "Although the significance of the observed differences in S mutans type distribution in human populations is not fully understood, this information may be important for a better un- derstanding of the origin and control of dental caries." p. 9 * Naval Dental Research Institute, Great Lakes, Illinois, USA H/-/N Source: https://www.industry.documents.ucsf.edu/docs/rllk0226

What is the cost of TIP STEAK?

xmmk0226

xmmk0226_p0, xmmk0226_p1, xmmk0226_p2

$1 69, $1.69

File the Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 February 13, 1978 FEB 2 0 1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Gentlemen: The enclosed items are for your information and files. Cordially, Jack 0. R. O'Connell Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: :https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xmmk0226 January 11,1978 11,1978 THE INDIANAOLIS NEWS Page 55 CART Sweet Tooth Taste Tops Sour Talk "People don't put their money where their ingredient" by the Food and Drug Adminis- products in baking. she said, "read the mouth is," Dorothy Buckner said. tration. labels.' Saccharin sweeteners are mixed with She said what is often sold as raw sugar in carrying agents, either dextrose (corn Mrs. Buckner is director of consumer in- POULTRY, FISH health food stores is actually turbinado sugar. sweetener) or lactose (milk sugar). formation for the Sugar Association. During a SUGAP Turbinado sugar is partially refined by wash- a bargain at 37 cents a pound. recent visit to Indianapolis, she said that Baked products made with saccharin with cost 89 cents a pound, so cut up people bad-mouth sugar, but go right on 30DA mg the raw sugar in a centrifuge, thereby a dextrin carrier are more moist than those removing some of the molasses in the wash- re money. Make the most of the buying sweet foods like sugar-coated cereals is and wings to make a hearty and colas, the largest single use of sucrose 03 made with a lactose carrier, she said. - ing process. (table sugar). "There are more trace minerals in brown Mrs. Buckner cautioned persons with diab- hams and quartered loin chops sugar than in turbinado sugar," she said. etes about sorbitol, a sugar alcohol Turkey ham is $1.69 a pound. "Any food product going out on the market Citing USDA's Handbook No. 8 of food sweetener. The sweetener is still a carbohyd- ig of a center-cut chuck roast, 78 has generally gone through extensive taste values, Mrs. Buckner pointed out most popu- rate, she said. M.H. neless chuck roast, 98 cents, is test panels and market research," she said. lar sweeteners - table sugar, light or per serving. A serving of chuck "Cereal manufacturers wouldn't make sug- medium molasses, honey or corn or maple nd, is 45 cents; rib steak, $1.59, ared cereals if people didn't show a desire to erving; club steak, $1.69, tallies have them.' sirups - are not good sources of nutrients. Honey has more calories and more carbohyd- GRACE FOR d round steak, $1.19, 40 cents a Mrs. Buckner said, according to U.S. De- Cane and beet sugar consumption is down rates than granulated, powdered or brown nore servings per pound from partment of Agriculture figures, the total from a high of 102.8 pounds per person in 1972 sugar and has less calcium, phosphorus and THE TABLE 1.29 to $1.49 a pound, than from annual consumption of all caloric sweeteners - before the sudden price rise - to 94.7 iron than brown sugar, she said. Honey does 39 to $1.59 a pound. Beef liver, 59 (sugar, corn sweeteners, honey and edible pounds in 1976, she said, citing USDA figures. contain minimal amounts of thiamin, ribofla- round beef, 67 cents, serve four We thank You for our daily bread sirups) is up more than 10 pounds per person vin and ascorbic acid, she added. in the last 10 years. In 1966, the annual per She said many people are confused about "The only sweetener that's a good source May our souls also be fed. a pound at one market. capita consumption of caloric sweeteners in the forms of sugar. She said raw sugar of nutrients is blackstrap molasses," Mrs. Grant us Your grace every day, 79 cents a pound, and a 6¹/2- the U.S. was 114.3 pounds. In 1976, it was 126 contains contaminants and is classified as Buckner said. We ask as we bow to pray. oil-packed tuna is 59 cents with pounds per person a year. "unfit for direct use as a food or as a food For persons who use non-calorie saccharin Amen. S. VEGETABLES bowls can slim both body and U.S.D.A. CHOICE ers, green peppers and green IGR (ii) Cabbage is 17 cents a pound; Sirloin Quarter inch; spinach, 49 cents a pound, is for 59 cents. Yellow onions are ents; Spanish onions, 19 cents a TIP STEAK Clermont IGA Foodliner So. Meridian IGA Foodliner PORK LOIN its a pound; eggplant, three for CLERMONT, INDIANA 8017 S. MERIDIAN Indpls. cados, 49 cents each. Vary the ese cabbage and bok choy, 29 69 Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. calories in a medium one, are Sundays 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. U.S.D.A. Choice Sundays CO A.M. to 10 P.M. served on low-calorie diets. A Tablerite Boneless lb. lb. 119 ts is $1.39, and whites are 10 oming down in price, and prices RUMP 72 and 113-sizes priced 10 for 99 for 78 cents; tangerines, 15 for grapefruit, eight for 99 cents; Emge Semi-Boneless 23 ROAST pounds for $1.29, and limes, 10 apples are three pounds for 77 WHOLE or HALF 3MM Fresh Lean ents each, and bananas, 19 cents Familk Pak Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst.edu/docs/xmmk0226 a University Medical Cen- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says enriched ches medical students, or whole grain products from this food group supply B vitamins and iron. Dash pepper s, practical nurses and pa- ets and nutrition. "Women need the most iron; and 3/4 cup uncooked long-grain rice when they are watching their weight, ¹/z cup chopped onion milk products, meat and ites, fruits and vegetables they tend to eliminate breads and cere- 1/4 cup chopped green pepper 1 (28-ounce) can tomatoes and grains are the compo- ais," she says. good diet," she tells her She says persons who do not eat 5 green pepper rings much protein need carbohydrates to 1/2 cup shredded sharp proce ou need foods from all of oups." supply their energy needs, so the limited American cheese protein they eat can be used to build and Trim excess fat from chops. In 'rainbow" meals with repair body tissue. large skillet or Dutch oven, slov w, orange, green, red and is an easy way to include a Fruits and vegetables supply vita- brown chops in hot melted shorteni mins and minerals - body regulators about 15 to 20 minutes. Drain off exce bods to provide the major fat. Combine salt, chili powder a itrients the body needs, she - Mrs. Nordholt says. "Eating food is the safest way to get pepper. Sprinkle mixture over por vitamins and minerals. Relying on mas- Add rice, onion and chopped green p group is the chief source of the diet, as well as providing sive doses of certain vitamin supple- per to skillet. Pour tomatoes over r mixture. Cover and cook over low hi >sphorus and vitamins A, D ments may lead to overdoses that can 35 minutes, stirring occasionally. A vin, she says. have toxic effects," she says. green pepper rings and cook 5 minu people with heart disease, "We don't know all the nutrients we holesterol and obesity may need. If we don't get nutrients from longer or until rice and pork are tend foods and take vitamin and mineral Sprinkle with cheese. Serves five. milk, I see no need to recom- it milk for everyone," Mrs. supplements that supply only a few Varying the form of milk and ve nutrients, we may be missing nutrients tables encourages eating. This souf lys. "I don't see how you can that haven't been identified," she says. that provides both foods, is popular across the board statement Breads and cereals and fruits and Dietitian Suzi Nordholt instructs sophomore medical student, the medical center. Those who kind of milk or one diet for Diet modifications and re- vegetables supply fiber, she adds. Marc Anderson, about a healthful diet while he practices what watching calories and fats in their di have to be individualized." "I'm very concerned when people can use lowfat milk and substitute pl: make all sorts of wonderful claims for she preaches. - The NEWS Photo, Patty Espich. lowfat yogurt for the sour cream. titian says most cheeses and e acceptable substitutes for fiber. We don't know very much about Free Booklet Evaluates Diets SPINACH SOUFFLE SUPREME nilk, but yogurt is not a com- fiber.' Mrs. Nordholt says. "We 1/2 cup (1 stick) butter or margari 1 by itself Sweetened fruit- haven't done enough research to know Which diets are safe and The Anti-Cellulite Diet, Dr. and their relationship to 1/4 cup plus 2 tablespoons flour ogurt contains about twice as what the different fibers - cellulose, ories as milk, so those who are hemicellulose, pectin and lignin - do in R MEUBEN'S Hig h good health is explored. 1 cup milk healthy ways to lose For a free copy, write 1 cup dairy sour cream the body." she says. Roughage Reducing Diet it should stick to plain lowfat pounds? "I think of sugar as an extra, an and the Samana Diet were to: 1 teaspoon salt low in a few nutrients. The Guidelines to Good 2 (10-ounce) packages frozen ch ne says. eam is a good extra food, but added attraction," the dietitian says. To answer this question, dietitian Elizabeth Span- Weight Watcher's' Diet Health ped spinach, thawed and a k substitute because it is costly "If you eat a well-balanced diet, Kraft, Inc., Dept. FE drained you'll get enough carbohydrates for nhake, assistant professor was the most adequate. ries, she says. According to P.O. Box 6567 3 tablespoons finely chopped onic energy from milk, breads, cereals and of nutrition at Loyola Uni- gures, a quart of ice cream fruit. It's not necessary to have added versity, has written the For a free copy of the Chicago, III. 60680 1/2 teaspoon natmeg 1,027 calories and 777 milli- sugar in the diet." booklet 'Eye It Before booklet, commissioned by calcium, while a quart of whole 5 634 calories with 1,152 milli- You Diet." the Sugar Association, write to: : calcium. A quart of skim milk Daily Adult Diet Needs The book describes and evaluates nine popular Dorothy Buckner 353 calories, she says. is, poultry, fish, eggs, dried P.O. Box 4546 Milk Group, 2 glasses diets, including seven Grand Central Station and nuts make up the protein- Meat Group, 2 (31/2-ounce) servings weight-loss and two veg- ng meat group. Fruit and Vegetable Group, 4 etarian diets. Each has New York, N.Y. 10017 THE SAVING PLA ople tend to eat more meat than servings been analyzed to see it if Kraft is offering a free need and exclude other food Bread and Cereal Group, 4 servings. provides the Recom- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says mended Daily Allowances booklet, "Guidelines to Good Health." It is written need only 46 grams of protein of nutrients and contains to provide concise nutrition and men, 56 grams. Two cups of GRACE FOR all of the four food groups. and health information for 16 grams protein) and two small nce servings of meat (35 grams THE TABLE Among the weight-loss persons of all ages. 1) are ample amounts for adults diets, Dr Atkins Diet Re- The book includes infor- STATIONER hese food groups, she says. Addi- Thank You for this day, volution. Dr Stillman's mation on keeping physi- protein will be supplied by fruits, For the chance to work and play. Quick Weight Loss Diet cally fit, planning nutri- Letter-size, Tax Re ables, breads and cereals, she Thank You for our daily bread; and the Grapefruit Plus tious meals and snacks and 2.88 91/4x11 persons need to select Make us grateful for being fed. Diet were considerably low controlling weight. Basic Amen. in a number of nutrients. information on nutrients

What is the cost of PORK LOIN?

xmmk0226

xmmk0226_p0, xmmk0226_p1, xmmk0226_p2

$1.19, $1 19

File the Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 February 13, 1978 FEB 2 0 1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Gentlemen: The enclosed items are for your information and files. Cordially, Jack 0. R. O'Connell Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: :https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xmmk0226 January 11,1978 11,1978 THE INDIANAOLIS NEWS Page 55 CART Sweet Tooth Taste Tops Sour Talk "People don't put their money where their ingredient" by the Food and Drug Adminis- products in baking. she said, "read the mouth is," Dorothy Buckner said. tration. labels.' Saccharin sweeteners are mixed with She said what is often sold as raw sugar in carrying agents, either dextrose (corn Mrs. Buckner is director of consumer in- POULTRY, FISH health food stores is actually turbinado sugar. sweetener) or lactose (milk sugar). formation for the Sugar Association. During a SUGAP Turbinado sugar is partially refined by wash- a bargain at 37 cents a pound. recent visit to Indianapolis, she said that Baked products made with saccharin with cost 89 cents a pound, so cut up people bad-mouth sugar, but go right on 30DA mg the raw sugar in a centrifuge, thereby a dextrin carrier are more moist than those removing some of the molasses in the wash- re money. Make the most of the buying sweet foods like sugar-coated cereals is and wings to make a hearty and colas, the largest single use of sucrose 03 made with a lactose carrier, she said. - ing process. (table sugar). "There are more trace minerals in brown Mrs. Buckner cautioned persons with diab- hams and quartered loin chops sugar than in turbinado sugar," she said. etes about sorbitol, a sugar alcohol Turkey ham is $1.69 a pound. "Any food product going out on the market Citing USDA's Handbook No. 8 of food sweetener. The sweetener is still a carbohyd- ig of a center-cut chuck roast, 78 has generally gone through extensive taste values, Mrs. Buckner pointed out most popu- rate, she said. M.H. neless chuck roast, 98 cents, is test panels and market research," she said. lar sweeteners - table sugar, light or per serving. A serving of chuck "Cereal manufacturers wouldn't make sug- medium molasses, honey or corn or maple nd, is 45 cents; rib steak, $1.59, ared cereals if people didn't show a desire to erving; club steak, $1.69, tallies have them.' sirups - are not good sources of nutrients. Honey has more calories and more carbohyd- GRACE FOR d round steak, $1.19, 40 cents a Mrs. Buckner said, according to U.S. De- Cane and beet sugar consumption is down rates than granulated, powdered or brown nore servings per pound from partment of Agriculture figures, the total from a high of 102.8 pounds per person in 1972 sugar and has less calcium, phosphorus and THE TABLE 1.29 to $1.49 a pound, than from annual consumption of all caloric sweeteners - before the sudden price rise - to 94.7 iron than brown sugar, she said. Honey does 39 to $1.59 a pound. Beef liver, 59 (sugar, corn sweeteners, honey and edible pounds in 1976, she said, citing USDA figures. contain minimal amounts of thiamin, ribofla- round beef, 67 cents, serve four We thank You for our daily bread sirups) is up more than 10 pounds per person vin and ascorbic acid, she added. in the last 10 years. In 1966, the annual per She said many people are confused about "The only sweetener that's a good source May our souls also be fed. a pound at one market. capita consumption of caloric sweeteners in the forms of sugar. She said raw sugar of nutrients is blackstrap molasses," Mrs. Grant us Your grace every day, 79 cents a pound, and a 6¹/2- the U.S. was 114.3 pounds. In 1976, it was 126 contains contaminants and is classified as Buckner said. We ask as we bow to pray. oil-packed tuna is 59 cents with pounds per person a year. "unfit for direct use as a food or as a food For persons who use non-calorie saccharin Amen. S. VEGETABLES bowls can slim both body and U.S.D.A. CHOICE ers, green peppers and green IGR (ii) Cabbage is 17 cents a pound; Sirloin Quarter inch; spinach, 49 cents a pound, is for 59 cents. Yellow onions are ents; Spanish onions, 19 cents a TIP STEAK Clermont IGA Foodliner So. Meridian IGA Foodliner PORK LOIN its a pound; eggplant, three for CLERMONT, INDIANA 8017 S. MERIDIAN Indpls. cados, 49 cents each. Vary the ese cabbage and bok choy, 29 69 Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. calories in a medium one, are Sundays 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. U.S.D.A. Choice Sundays CO A.M. to 10 P.M. served on low-calorie diets. A Tablerite Boneless lb. lb. 119 ts is $1.39, and whites are 10 oming down in price, and prices RUMP 72 and 113-sizes priced 10 for 99 for 78 cents; tangerines, 15 for grapefruit, eight for 99 cents; Emge Semi-Boneless 23 ROAST pounds for $1.29, and limes, 10 apples are three pounds for 77 WHOLE or HALF 3MM Fresh Lean ents each, and bananas, 19 cents Familk Pak Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst.edu/docs/xmmk0226 a University Medical Cen- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says enriched ches medical students, or whole grain products from this food group supply B vitamins and iron. Dash pepper s, practical nurses and pa- ets and nutrition. "Women need the most iron; and 3/4 cup uncooked long-grain rice when they are watching their weight, ¹/z cup chopped onion milk products, meat and ites, fruits and vegetables they tend to eliminate breads and cere- 1/4 cup chopped green pepper 1 (28-ounce) can tomatoes and grains are the compo- ais," she says. good diet," she tells her She says persons who do not eat 5 green pepper rings much protein need carbohydrates to 1/2 cup shredded sharp proce ou need foods from all of oups." supply their energy needs, so the limited American cheese protein they eat can be used to build and Trim excess fat from chops. In 'rainbow" meals with repair body tissue. large skillet or Dutch oven, slov w, orange, green, red and is an easy way to include a Fruits and vegetables supply vita- brown chops in hot melted shorteni mins and minerals - body regulators about 15 to 20 minutes. Drain off exce bods to provide the major fat. Combine salt, chili powder a itrients the body needs, she - Mrs. Nordholt says. "Eating food is the safest way to get pepper. Sprinkle mixture over por vitamins and minerals. Relying on mas- Add rice, onion and chopped green p group is the chief source of the diet, as well as providing sive doses of certain vitamin supple- per to skillet. Pour tomatoes over r mixture. Cover and cook over low hi >sphorus and vitamins A, D ments may lead to overdoses that can 35 minutes, stirring occasionally. A vin, she says. have toxic effects," she says. green pepper rings and cook 5 minu people with heart disease, "We don't know all the nutrients we holesterol and obesity may need. If we don't get nutrients from longer or until rice and pork are tend foods and take vitamin and mineral Sprinkle with cheese. Serves five. milk, I see no need to recom- it milk for everyone," Mrs. supplements that supply only a few Varying the form of milk and ve nutrients, we may be missing nutrients tables encourages eating. This souf lys. "I don't see how you can that haven't been identified," she says. that provides both foods, is popular across the board statement Breads and cereals and fruits and Dietitian Suzi Nordholt instructs sophomore medical student, the medical center. Those who kind of milk or one diet for Diet modifications and re- vegetables supply fiber, she adds. Marc Anderson, about a healthful diet while he practices what watching calories and fats in their di have to be individualized." "I'm very concerned when people can use lowfat milk and substitute pl: make all sorts of wonderful claims for she preaches. - The NEWS Photo, Patty Espich. lowfat yogurt for the sour cream. titian says most cheeses and e acceptable substitutes for fiber. We don't know very much about Free Booklet Evaluates Diets SPINACH SOUFFLE SUPREME nilk, but yogurt is not a com- fiber.' Mrs. Nordholt says. "We 1/2 cup (1 stick) butter or margari 1 by itself Sweetened fruit- haven't done enough research to know Which diets are safe and The Anti-Cellulite Diet, Dr. and their relationship to 1/4 cup plus 2 tablespoons flour ogurt contains about twice as what the different fibers - cellulose, ories as milk, so those who are hemicellulose, pectin and lignin - do in R MEUBEN'S Hig h good health is explored. 1 cup milk healthy ways to lose For a free copy, write 1 cup dairy sour cream the body." she says. Roughage Reducing Diet it should stick to plain lowfat pounds? "I think of sugar as an extra, an and the Samana Diet were to: 1 teaspoon salt low in a few nutrients. The Guidelines to Good 2 (10-ounce) packages frozen ch ne says. eam is a good extra food, but added attraction," the dietitian says. To answer this question, dietitian Elizabeth Span- Weight Watcher's' Diet Health ped spinach, thawed and a k substitute because it is costly "If you eat a well-balanced diet, Kraft, Inc., Dept. FE drained you'll get enough carbohydrates for nhake, assistant professor was the most adequate. ries, she says. According to P.O. Box 6567 3 tablespoons finely chopped onic energy from milk, breads, cereals and of nutrition at Loyola Uni- gures, a quart of ice cream fruit. It's not necessary to have added versity, has written the For a free copy of the Chicago, III. 60680 1/2 teaspoon natmeg 1,027 calories and 777 milli- sugar in the diet." booklet 'Eye It Before booklet, commissioned by calcium, while a quart of whole 5 634 calories with 1,152 milli- You Diet." the Sugar Association, write to: : calcium. A quart of skim milk Daily Adult Diet Needs The book describes and evaluates nine popular Dorothy Buckner 353 calories, she says. is, poultry, fish, eggs, dried P.O. Box 4546 Milk Group, 2 glasses diets, including seven Grand Central Station and nuts make up the protein- Meat Group, 2 (31/2-ounce) servings weight-loss and two veg- ng meat group. Fruit and Vegetable Group, 4 etarian diets. Each has New York, N.Y. 10017 THE SAVING PLA ople tend to eat more meat than servings been analyzed to see it if Kraft is offering a free need and exclude other food Bread and Cereal Group, 4 servings. provides the Recom- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says mended Daily Allowances booklet, "Guidelines to Good Health." It is written need only 46 grams of protein of nutrients and contains to provide concise nutrition and men, 56 grams. Two cups of GRACE FOR all of the four food groups. and health information for 16 grams protein) and two small nce servings of meat (35 grams THE TABLE Among the weight-loss persons of all ages. 1) are ample amounts for adults diets, Dr Atkins Diet Re- The book includes infor- STATIONER hese food groups, she says. Addi- Thank You for this day, volution. Dr Stillman's mation on keeping physi- protein will be supplied by fruits, For the chance to work and play. Quick Weight Loss Diet cally fit, planning nutri- Letter-size, Tax Re ables, breads and cereals, she Thank You for our daily bread; and the Grapefruit Plus tious meals and snacks and 2.88 91/4x11 persons need to select Make us grateful for being fed. Diet were considerably low controlling weight. Basic Amen. in a number of nutrients. information on nutrients

What is the timing for Clermont IGA foodliner on Sundays?

xmmk0226

xmmk0226_p0, xmmk0226_p1, xmmk0226_p2

8 A.M. to 10 P.M.

File the Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 February 13, 1978 FEB 2 0 1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Gentlemen: The enclosed items are for your information and files. Cordially, Jack 0. R. O'Connell Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: :https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xmmk0226 January 11,1978 11,1978 THE INDIANAOLIS NEWS Page 55 CART Sweet Tooth Taste Tops Sour Talk "People don't put their money where their ingredient" by the Food and Drug Adminis- products in baking. she said, "read the mouth is," Dorothy Buckner said. tration. labels.' Saccharin sweeteners are mixed with She said what is often sold as raw sugar in carrying agents, either dextrose (corn Mrs. Buckner is director of consumer in- POULTRY, FISH health food stores is actually turbinado sugar. sweetener) or lactose (milk sugar). formation for the Sugar Association. During a SUGAP Turbinado sugar is partially refined by wash- a bargain at 37 cents a pound. recent visit to Indianapolis, she said that Baked products made with saccharin with cost 89 cents a pound, so cut up people bad-mouth sugar, but go right on 30DA mg the raw sugar in a centrifuge, thereby a dextrin carrier are more moist than those removing some of the molasses in the wash- re money. Make the most of the buying sweet foods like sugar-coated cereals is and wings to make a hearty and colas, the largest single use of sucrose 03 made with a lactose carrier, she said. - ing process. (table sugar). "There are more trace minerals in brown Mrs. Buckner cautioned persons with diab- hams and quartered loin chops sugar than in turbinado sugar," she said. etes about sorbitol, a sugar alcohol Turkey ham is $1.69 a pound. "Any food product going out on the market Citing USDA's Handbook No. 8 of food sweetener. The sweetener is still a carbohyd- ig of a center-cut chuck roast, 78 has generally gone through extensive taste values, Mrs. Buckner pointed out most popu- rate, she said. M.H. neless chuck roast, 98 cents, is test panels and market research," she said. lar sweeteners - table sugar, light or per serving. A serving of chuck "Cereal manufacturers wouldn't make sug- medium molasses, honey or corn or maple nd, is 45 cents; rib steak, $1.59, ared cereals if people didn't show a desire to erving; club steak, $1.69, tallies have them.' sirups - are not good sources of nutrients. Honey has more calories and more carbohyd- GRACE FOR d round steak, $1.19, 40 cents a Mrs. Buckner said, according to U.S. De- Cane and beet sugar consumption is down rates than granulated, powdered or brown nore servings per pound from partment of Agriculture figures, the total from a high of 102.8 pounds per person in 1972 sugar and has less calcium, phosphorus and THE TABLE 1.29 to $1.49 a pound, than from annual consumption of all caloric sweeteners - before the sudden price rise - to 94.7 iron than brown sugar, she said. Honey does 39 to $1.59 a pound. Beef liver, 59 (sugar, corn sweeteners, honey and edible pounds in 1976, she said, citing USDA figures. contain minimal amounts of thiamin, ribofla- round beef, 67 cents, serve four We thank You for our daily bread sirups) is up more than 10 pounds per person vin and ascorbic acid, she added. in the last 10 years. In 1966, the annual per She said many people are confused about "The only sweetener that's a good source May our souls also be fed. a pound at one market. capita consumption of caloric sweeteners in the forms of sugar. She said raw sugar of nutrients is blackstrap molasses," Mrs. Grant us Your grace every day, 79 cents a pound, and a 6¹/2- the U.S. was 114.3 pounds. In 1976, it was 126 contains contaminants and is classified as Buckner said. We ask as we bow to pray. oil-packed tuna is 59 cents with pounds per person a year. "unfit for direct use as a food or as a food For persons who use non-calorie saccharin Amen. S. VEGETABLES bowls can slim both body and U.S.D.A. CHOICE ers, green peppers and green IGR (ii) Cabbage is 17 cents a pound; Sirloin Quarter inch; spinach, 49 cents a pound, is for 59 cents. Yellow onions are ents; Spanish onions, 19 cents a TIP STEAK Clermont IGA Foodliner So. Meridian IGA Foodliner PORK LOIN its a pound; eggplant, three for CLERMONT, INDIANA 8017 S. MERIDIAN Indpls. cados, 49 cents each. Vary the ese cabbage and bok choy, 29 69 Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. Mon.-Sat. 7 A.M. to 11 P.M. calories in a medium one, are Sundays 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. U.S.D.A. Choice Sundays CO A.M. to 10 P.M. served on low-calorie diets. A Tablerite Boneless lb. lb. 119 ts is $1.39, and whites are 10 oming down in price, and prices RUMP 72 and 113-sizes priced 10 for 99 for 78 cents; tangerines, 15 for grapefruit, eight for 99 cents; Emge Semi-Boneless 23 ROAST pounds for $1.29, and limes, 10 apples are three pounds for 77 WHOLE or HALF 3MM Fresh Lean ents each, and bananas, 19 cents Familk Pak Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst.edu/docs/xmmk0226 a University Medical Cen- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says enriched ches medical students, or whole grain products from this food group supply B vitamins and iron. Dash pepper s, practical nurses and pa- ets and nutrition. "Women need the most iron; and 3/4 cup uncooked long-grain rice when they are watching their weight, ¹/z cup chopped onion milk products, meat and ites, fruits and vegetables they tend to eliminate breads and cere- 1/4 cup chopped green pepper 1 (28-ounce) can tomatoes and grains are the compo- ais," she says. good diet," she tells her She says persons who do not eat 5 green pepper rings much protein need carbohydrates to 1/2 cup shredded sharp proce ou need foods from all of oups." supply their energy needs, so the limited American cheese protein they eat can be used to build and Trim excess fat from chops. In 'rainbow" meals with repair body tissue. large skillet or Dutch oven, slov w, orange, green, red and is an easy way to include a Fruits and vegetables supply vita- brown chops in hot melted shorteni mins and minerals - body regulators about 15 to 20 minutes. Drain off exce bods to provide the major fat. Combine salt, chili powder a itrients the body needs, she - Mrs. Nordholt says. "Eating food is the safest way to get pepper. Sprinkle mixture over por vitamins and minerals. Relying on mas- Add rice, onion and chopped green p group is the chief source of the diet, as well as providing sive doses of certain vitamin supple- per to skillet. Pour tomatoes over r mixture. Cover and cook over low hi >sphorus and vitamins A, D ments may lead to overdoses that can 35 minutes, stirring occasionally. A vin, she says. have toxic effects," she says. green pepper rings and cook 5 minu people with heart disease, "We don't know all the nutrients we holesterol and obesity may need. If we don't get nutrients from longer or until rice and pork are tend foods and take vitamin and mineral Sprinkle with cheese. Serves five. milk, I see no need to recom- it milk for everyone," Mrs. supplements that supply only a few Varying the form of milk and ve nutrients, we may be missing nutrients tables encourages eating. This souf lys. "I don't see how you can that haven't been identified," she says. that provides both foods, is popular across the board statement Breads and cereals and fruits and Dietitian Suzi Nordholt instructs sophomore medical student, the medical center. Those who kind of milk or one diet for Diet modifications and re- vegetables supply fiber, she adds. Marc Anderson, about a healthful diet while he practices what watching calories and fats in their di have to be individualized." "I'm very concerned when people can use lowfat milk and substitute pl: make all sorts of wonderful claims for she preaches. - The NEWS Photo, Patty Espich. lowfat yogurt for the sour cream. titian says most cheeses and e acceptable substitutes for fiber. We don't know very much about Free Booklet Evaluates Diets SPINACH SOUFFLE SUPREME nilk, but yogurt is not a com- fiber.' Mrs. Nordholt says. "We 1/2 cup (1 stick) butter or margari 1 by itself Sweetened fruit- haven't done enough research to know Which diets are safe and The Anti-Cellulite Diet, Dr. and their relationship to 1/4 cup plus 2 tablespoons flour ogurt contains about twice as what the different fibers - cellulose, ories as milk, so those who are hemicellulose, pectin and lignin - do in R MEUBEN'S Hig h good health is explored. 1 cup milk healthy ways to lose For a free copy, write 1 cup dairy sour cream the body." she says. Roughage Reducing Diet it should stick to plain lowfat pounds? "I think of sugar as an extra, an and the Samana Diet were to: 1 teaspoon salt low in a few nutrients. The Guidelines to Good 2 (10-ounce) packages frozen ch ne says. eam is a good extra food, but added attraction," the dietitian says. To answer this question, dietitian Elizabeth Span- Weight Watcher's' Diet Health ped spinach, thawed and a k substitute because it is costly "If you eat a well-balanced diet, Kraft, Inc., Dept. FE drained you'll get enough carbohydrates for nhake, assistant professor was the most adequate. ries, she says. According to P.O. Box 6567 3 tablespoons finely chopped onic energy from milk, breads, cereals and of nutrition at Loyola Uni- gures, a quart of ice cream fruit. It's not necessary to have added versity, has written the For a free copy of the Chicago, III. 60680 1/2 teaspoon natmeg 1,027 calories and 777 milli- sugar in the diet." booklet 'Eye It Before booklet, commissioned by calcium, while a quart of whole 5 634 calories with 1,152 milli- You Diet." the Sugar Association, write to: : calcium. A quart of skim milk Daily Adult Diet Needs The book describes and evaluates nine popular Dorothy Buckner 353 calories, she says. is, poultry, fish, eggs, dried P.O. Box 4546 Milk Group, 2 glasses diets, including seven Grand Central Station and nuts make up the protein- Meat Group, 2 (31/2-ounce) servings weight-loss and two veg- ng meat group. Fruit and Vegetable Group, 4 etarian diets. Each has New York, N.Y. 10017 THE SAVING PLA ople tend to eat more meat than servings been analyzed to see it if Kraft is offering a free need and exclude other food Bread and Cereal Group, 4 servings. provides the Recom- Mrs. Nordholt says. She says mended Daily Allowances booklet, "Guidelines to Good Health." It is written need only 46 grams of protein of nutrients and contains to provide concise nutrition and men, 56 grams. Two cups of GRACE FOR all of the four food groups. and health information for 16 grams protein) and two small nce servings of meat (35 grams THE TABLE Among the weight-loss persons of all ages. 1) are ample amounts for adults diets, Dr Atkins Diet Re- The book includes infor- STATIONER hese food groups, she says. Addi- Thank You for this day, volution. Dr Stillman's mation on keeping physi- protein will be supplied by fruits, For the chance to work and play. Quick Weight Loss Diet cally fit, planning nutri- Letter-size, Tax Re ables, breads and cereals, she Thank You for our daily bread; and the Grapefruit Plus tious meals and snacks and 2.88 91/4x11 persons need to select Make us grateful for being fed. Diet were considerably low controlling weight. Basic Amen. in a number of nutrients. information on nutrients

5 BETTER IDEAS FOR what?

yzkk0226

yzkk0226_p0, yzkk0226_p1

"for 68", "FOR 68"

5 BETTER IDEAS FOR'68 IN BONDED* ORLONS B A Collection of Great-Going Looks by Young Inspired by the Brilliant '68 Fords! 2-PC. SUIT, finely tailored with I-PC. SKIMMER, Orlon' acry- front stitch detail, button jack- lic. Front button accents, jewel et. Orlon® acrylic. Turquoise or neck and short sleeve. Turquoise navy in sizes 12-20 or White in sizes 12- and 141/2-241/2- 18.00 20 and 141/2-221/2. 16.00 Source henner Lost 10/29/61 Denver Post Photos by Ed Maker HOMECOMING QUEEN GETS KISS FROM GOV. JOHN LOVE GOVERNOR LOVE GREETS THREE MEN ELECTED TO THE "C" CLUB HALL OF HONOR She's Susi Isaacson of Denver, a junior at CU this year. From left, they are Byron A. White, Frank A. Kemp Sr., and Dr. Kenneth C. Sawyer. Denver Coed CU Homecoming Queen BOULDER - Miss Susie at CU, was one of six finalists. class of 1913, for many years Sigma Nu fraternity and Alpha Chi Omega-Lambda Chi Isaacson, daughter of I. L. Three graduates were hon- president of the Great Western Delta Gamma sorority were Alpha display. Isaacson of 1200 Vine St., Den- ored during homecoming by Sugar Co., and Dr. Kenneth C. named grand prize winners in The winner in the dormitory ver, was crowned homecoming election to the "C" Club Hall Sawyer, 1931 graduate and a the homecoming house decora- division was the Willard and queen of the University of Colo- of Honor - made up of former Denver surgeon. Gov. John Love tion contest. Hallett Residence Halls display. rado Saturday during halftime CU athletes who have distin- greeted the three at the home- In the Greek house decora- In the Boulder merchants divi- ceremonies of the CU-Oklahoma guished themselves in their coming ceremonies. tions division, first place went sion, first place was won by State football game. fields. White was an All-America to Tau Kappa Epsilon-Alpha Mattson's On-th-Hill and second Miss Isaacson, a junior ma- They were Byron R. White, a football player, Kemp was a Delta Pi display. Second place by Scot's Ltd. The University joring in speech pathology 1938 graduate and now an asso- football and baseball letter- was awarded to the Sigma Book Center and Don Hale's and audiology and president of ciate justice of the U.S. Supreme man, and Dr. Sawyer lettered Alpha Epsilon-Pi Beta Phi dis- Traditional Man's Shop tied for the Associated Women Students Court: Frank A Kemp Sr in football and wrestling play and third went to the third.

What are the sizes of Turquoise or navy?

yzkk0226

yzkk0226_p0, yzkk0226_p1

12-20 and 141/2-241/2.

5 BETTER IDEAS FOR'68 IN BONDED* ORLONS B A Collection of Great-Going Looks by Young Inspired by the Brilliant '68 Fords! 2-PC. SUIT, finely tailored with I-PC. SKIMMER, Orlon' acry- front stitch detail, button jack- lic. Front button accents, jewel et. Orlon® acrylic. Turquoise or neck and short sleeve. Turquoise navy in sizes 12-20 or White in sizes 12- and 141/2-241/2- 18.00 20 and 141/2-221/2. 16.00 Source henner Lost 10/29/61 Denver Post Photos by Ed Maker HOMECOMING QUEEN GETS KISS FROM GOV. JOHN LOVE GOVERNOR LOVE GREETS THREE MEN ELECTED TO THE "C" CLUB HALL OF HONOR She's Susi Isaacson of Denver, a junior at CU this year. From left, they are Byron A. White, Frank A. Kemp Sr., and Dr. Kenneth C. Sawyer. Denver Coed CU Homecoming Queen BOULDER - Miss Susie at CU, was one of six finalists. class of 1913, for many years Sigma Nu fraternity and Alpha Chi Omega-Lambda Chi Isaacson, daughter of I. L. Three graduates were hon- president of the Great Western Delta Gamma sorority were Alpha display. Isaacson of 1200 Vine St., Den- ored during homecoming by Sugar Co., and Dr. Kenneth C. named grand prize winners in The winner in the dormitory ver, was crowned homecoming election to the "C" Club Hall Sawyer, 1931 graduate and a the homecoming house decora- division was the Willard and queen of the University of Colo- of Honor - made up of former Denver surgeon. Gov. John Love tion contest. Hallett Residence Halls display. rado Saturday during halftime CU athletes who have distin- greeted the three at the home- In the Greek house decora- In the Boulder merchants divi- ceremonies of the CU-Oklahoma guished themselves in their coming ceremonies. tions division, first place went sion, first place was won by State football game. fields. White was an All-America to Tau Kappa Epsilon-Alpha Mattson's On-th-Hill and second Miss Isaacson, a junior ma- They were Byron R. White, a football player, Kemp was a Delta Pi display. Second place by Scot's Ltd. The University joring in speech pathology 1938 graduate and now an asso- football and baseball letter- was awarded to the Sigma Book Center and Don Hale's and audiology and president of ciate justice of the U.S. Supreme man, and Dr. Sawyer lettered Alpha Epsilon-Pi Beta Phi dis- Traditional Man's Shop tied for the Associated Women Students Court: Frank A Kemp Sr in football and wrestling play and third went to the third.

What is the date mentioned above?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p14, lhjh0227_p15

December 12, 1968

Valley STATE Bank BILLINGS, MONTANA January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Co. 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana 59101 Dear Ralph: Thank you and Great Western Sugar Company for a most enjoyable evening this past week. I thoroughly appreciated your complete hospitality at the Northern Hotel. Sinorely, Duth A. E. Omdahl President AEO:pjm for me even * OFFICIAL with x]st 1 STOCK Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Northern Ohio Sugar Company FREMONT, OHIO December 12, 1968 Mr. James Lyon, Director Information Services Northern Ohio Sugar Company Denver, Colorado Dear Jim: Enclosed for your information are the two guest lists for the Fremont and Findlay dinner parties that you requested I prepare for you. We have made definite arrangements to have the Findlay meeting at the Imperial Motel on Wednesday, January 22 and the Fremont meeting at the Fort Stephenson Motor Hotel on Thursday, January 23. I am really at a loss to suggest an appropriate place favor but you may consider MSG, small packets of brown, powdered and boxed granulated sugar. I think it should be something that we will be producing in this area and, of course, that confines it to the sugar items I mentioned. In the line of jewelry we could use sugarbeet crystal cuff links, tie pins or tie clasps. Our sales people may have something available or a suggestion along these lines. If you need further information or have questions concerning these dinners, get in touch with me. Yours truly, Davis L. Sunderland Resident Manager DLS/jh Enclosures (8) cc : R. J. Fisher F. G. Holmes R. D. Steck Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

What is the name of the company?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p14, lhjh0227_p15

Northern Ohio Sugar Company, Northern Ohio sugar company

Valley STATE Bank BILLINGS, MONTANA January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Co. 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana 59101 Dear Ralph: Thank you and Great Western Sugar Company for a most enjoyable evening this past week. I thoroughly appreciated your complete hospitality at the Northern Hotel. Sinorely, Duth A. E. Omdahl President AEO:pjm for me even * OFFICIAL with x]st 1 STOCK Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Northern Ohio Sugar Company FREMONT, OHIO December 12, 1968 Mr. James Lyon, Director Information Services Northern Ohio Sugar Company Denver, Colorado Dear Jim: Enclosed for your information are the two guest lists for the Fremont and Findlay dinner parties that you requested I prepare for you. We have made definite arrangements to have the Findlay meeting at the Imperial Motel on Wednesday, January 22 and the Fremont meeting at the Fort Stephenson Motor Hotel on Thursday, January 23. I am really at a loss to suggest an appropriate place favor but you may consider MSG, small packets of brown, powdered and boxed granulated sugar. I think it should be something that we will be producing in this area and, of course, that confines it to the sugar items I mentioned. In the line of jewelry we could use sugarbeet crystal cuff links, tie pins or tie clasps. Our sales people may have something available or a suggestion along these lines. If you need further information or have questions concerning these dinners, get in touch with me. Yours truly, Davis L. Sunderland Resident Manager DLS/jh Enclosures (8) cc : R. J. Fisher F. G. Holmes R. D. Steck Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

Which company is mentioned in the letterhead?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p14, lhjh0227_p15

Northern Ohio Sugar Company

Valley STATE Bank BILLINGS, MONTANA January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Co. 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana 59101 Dear Ralph: Thank you and Great Western Sugar Company for a most enjoyable evening this past week. I thoroughly appreciated your complete hospitality at the Northern Hotel. Sinorely, Duth A. E. Omdahl President AEO:pjm for me even * OFFICIAL with x]st 1 STOCK Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Northern Ohio Sugar Company FREMONT, OHIO December 12, 1968 Mr. James Lyon, Director Information Services Northern Ohio Sugar Company Denver, Colorado Dear Jim: Enclosed for your information are the two guest lists for the Fremont and Findlay dinner parties that you requested I prepare for you. We have made definite arrangements to have the Findlay meeting at the Imperial Motel on Wednesday, January 22 and the Fremont meeting at the Fort Stephenson Motor Hotel on Thursday, January 23. I am really at a loss to suggest an appropriate place favor but you may consider MSG, small packets of brown, powdered and boxed granulated sugar. I think it should be something that we will be producing in this area and, of course, that confines it to the sugar items I mentioned. In the line of jewelry we could use sugarbeet crystal cuff links, tie pins or tie clasps. Our sales people may have something available or a suggestion along these lines. If you need further information or have questions concerning these dinners, get in touch with me. Yours truly, Davis L. Sunderland Resident Manager DLS/jh Enclosures (8) cc : R. J. Fisher F. G. Holmes R. D. Steck Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

What is the date mentioned above?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p2, lzlk0226_p3, lzlk0226_p4, lzlk0226_p5, lzlk0226_p6

June 21, 1976

tile THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY June 18, 1976 Mr. L. W. Tatem, Jr. President The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 Dear Bill: Larry McGhee, Director of Corporate Communications, resigned from the Company last week. I would appreciate your removing Larry's name from all Sugar Association mailing lists. I have requested Claud D. Fleet, Jr., who is in charge of corporate communications for Great Western, to assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee. Please add Claud's name to the mailing list and advise the chairman of the committee of this change. Correspondence and mailings of all kinds should be addressed to him at 716 Metrobank Building, Denver, Colorado 80202. His telephone number is 303/893-4300. I will appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. Best regards. Yours very truly, /s/ James L. Mark James L. Mark Executive Vice President bcc: C. D. Fleet, Jr. POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk022 till The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 J. W. Tatem, Jr. President June 21, 1976 Mr. James L. Mark The Great Western Sugar Company P.O. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of June 18 advising us that Larry McGhee has resigned from The Great Western Sugar Company. Also that Claud D. Fleet, Jr. will assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee as well as being placed on the mailing lists. At the same time, I would like to give you belated congratulations on assuming the position of Executive Vice President of Great Western. I know you will do a fine job and if there is anything that we can assist you in, please do not hesitate to let us know. Looking forward to our continued fine relationship, I remain, Sincerely, President Bush JWT: drb XCC- Cloudt D. Heet. Jr 6-24-76 Telephone: Area Code 202/628-0189 Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 Editorial " at the company trough" or "Public trough!" A paper entitled "Feeding at the to where it could be spent. Ideally, Company Trough," co-authored by that might be fine, but it isn't terri- Rep. Rosenthal (D-NY) and Mike bly likely. One of the major reasons Jacobson (Center of Science in the that companies tie in with university Public Interest), accuses a number personnel is to avoid expensive of well-known food science acad- duplication of facilities - if a uni- emicians of using corporate ties - versity center has the equipment, it Unless a student enters college and letting corporate ties use them. saves the company from equipping specifically to become a consumer Some of the statements in the re- a corporate lab for a small project. advocate, the student will probably port approach libel: "Some profes- If companies have to always pro- sors who moonlight for industry, need research projects and/or an vide total facilities, prices of foods industry internship in order to cover such as Stare and Clydesdale, de- will simply rise a little more. That some of the costs of going to col- fend industry and attack consumer includes any food that Jacobson lege. The day when the majority of activities so vehemently that they eats, too. parents would hand junior a check have become known as food indus- CSPI advocates that the money for $10,000 and tell him to go get a try apologists. It is difficult to know from companies for research be college education is about gone. the extent to which their philoso- "laundered"-a that one of the That money just won't cover costs phies have been molded by corp- cleaning agents be a group includ- - and the amount required for ed- orate grants and honoraria. But an ing consumerists and non-affiliated ucation continues to skyrocket. In- even more serious consequence scientists. They would use a "small dustry recognizes this-and be- than creating a professional advo- amount of money" to develop cri- cause industry will need the gradu- cate is the gag-effect of company teria for who gets the grants and ates, it's been supportive of univer- money." who doesn't. They do not define sities in a variety of ways. Sure, in- CSPI has taken on the appear- "small amount" however, and 1 dustry wants to have a finger in the ance of a quasi-legal body. Their don't think we would all define curriculum. But that input is needed interest in where universities get "small amount" exactly the same their research money brings up the to help make sure that those grads way. interesting question of where CSPI are really prepared to become con- Anyhow, the CSPI appears to tributing members of the industrial gets theirs. But even more interest- want the universities to turn out community. ing than where their financing more advocates than scientists. comes from is the question of how Never thought l'd see the day they got the information for their Without industry assistance and co- when I would echo the Great report on academicians and cor- operation, the universities will turn Mayor of our Great City of Chi- out more and more ill-prepared sci- porate funds. It appears certain that cago, but: "what trees do they they had very good assistance from entists, which means longer train- plant?" How many job openings for Representative Rosenthal. In fact, ing on the job - and higher costs. consumerists are there, anyway? the request for the information from Industry needs the facilities and And who appointed CSPI to repre- the professors appeared on Rosen- brainpower of the academic com- sent you and me? thal's office letterhead - and cer- munity to help find the information tainly looked pretty official. In fact, required as a result of the consum- at least one of the professors made erists' demands for such things as a quick trip to his lawyer before nutritional information, ways of han- From Bethhuw answering the form. dling effluents, etc. And the univer- The Center apparently would like sities need the industry's input too, to see companies shell out money just as they need the jobs supplied for research without any controls as by industry for their graduates. 10 CANNER/PACKER 10/76 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 FOOD ENGINEERING OCTOBER 1976 What to do about Washington and its letters by Stephanie Crocco, Ph.D. questioning the ethics of others. Rosenthal did not make a FE Midwest Editor They have not proved their request for such an inquiry of case. They have not reported on the General Accounting Office how the universities handle or other investigatory body. After having read the ar- grants-in-aid. And Jacobson, Instead, he used Congres- ticle on page 38, you should be for one, knows full well that the sional position for the purpose equipped to answer the follow- students-who often do the ac- of gathering information which ing question: tual research-are seldom privy for the most part already ex- When you get an unsolicited in- to the sources of income. listed. In fact, 2 savvy food edi- quiry from Congress, you: For Jacobson to imply that tors on the Eastern front point :throw it in the wastebasket student research is con- out that although worthy of mount it for use as a dart taminated by industrial sources comment, the survey wasn't board of support is for Jacobson to really "hard news." reply that you are thinking cast question on any research Positive Reaction of running for Congress he, himself did as a student. request the Congress- The R-J paper contends There is some good which person's tax returns for that a money source dictates can come from the R-J paper. years since 1970. professional actions. The au- As one publicized professor Now obviously, none of the thors have conveniently over- said, "This ought to give each of above choices is exactly public- looked the fact that universities us a reason to examine our spirited. However, one of these receive governmental support. consciences-and see what we options (the wastebasket) was Often, the government is in an are doing." offered by many of the profes- adversary position to industry. After such an exercise, sors who made the Rosenthal- Are legal positions of govern- many professors should be in a Jacobson corporate-connec- ment, backed by university re- position to take even stronger tions list. search, to be questioned-be- stands than they are now doing. There is a possibility that cause government has paid the Some who feel they have been the questionable tactics of bill for studies? Rosenthal-Ja- maligned can take steps to Rosenthal and Jacobson might cobson logic seems to dictate clear the record. cause many highly-educated, that that is the case. But motivated men and women into The General Accounting Inquiries from Congress a reluctant non-cooperation Office is part of the Congres- can and should be answered. with Congress. sional research system. Con- This (hopefully) gives knowl- This, of course, is troubling gress controls funds for its own edgeable people an opportunity at a time when some members research agencies. Should GAO for reasoned input at a time of Congress are looking at food and allied agency reports be when reasoned input is critical. and food-related issues. examined for pro-Congression- From discussions with the If Congress is ever to be al bias? "Rosenthal-Jacobson profes- educated about food-edt sors," it seems that the follow- cated as to both fact and delu- Negative Reaction ing is at least one course of ac- sion-this is no time for produc- Rosenthal was not totally tion: tive scientists to cop out. honest with his correspondants. 1. When Washington Blatherskites on the Potomac He offered no explanations; he writes, assume that the inquiry informed no correspondents is legitimate. The past few months have that he was collaborating with 2. Thank the Congress- seen the scientific community Jacobson (who has a dubious man for the opportunity to com- get a number of jolts. But none reputation among many scien- ment. Ask the who's, what's, has yet been the major quake tists); he gave no indication that why's, when's and where's. (Ask that will drive them, en masse, those who responded to in- for a reply by return mail. This out of their labs and into the quiries would have their integri- will give you an opportunity to streets for protest demonstra- ty impugned by a man cloaked register a protest about the mail tions. with Congressional immunity. system.) The R-J paper probably inevitably, some will cite 3. Prepare your response. won't be the straw that breaks Rosenthal's techniques as suf- Then, when the inquiring Con- backs either. It is just one more ficient reason to consider public gressman responds to your in- attack. servants as being of curious quiry, you can quickly respond Unfortunately, each new at- credibility. With that as a prem- to the Congressman's inquiry. tack is just absorbed; a few ise, non-cooperation could be- 5. Send carbons of all cor- more professionals become come an attitude. The losers will respondence to your own Con- disenchanted; a few more politi- be the people-not Rosenthal gressman. clans are perceived as dema- and Jacobson. Non-cooperation Failure to respond to legiti- gogues; and a few more by competent scientists would mate Congressional questions pseudo-professionals are thus leave the field to the Rosenthals only makes the situation worse. given leave to perform even and the Jacobsons. The citizen is the supreme per- more effectively in the resultant Tha possibility of conflict of son in this country. Congress- informational vacuum. interest-as pointed out in sev- persons work for you; they are Conflict of interest is a eral professorial answers to the your hirelings. Their pay centers serious charge involving an in- Rosenthal letters, is a germane on the public interest-not on dividual's ethics. Rosenthal and and proper inquiry. the Center for Science in the Jacobson are now on record as As such it is curious that Public interest. Circle 32 on Inquiry Card Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 41 2-D THE MIAMI HERALD Saturday, January 3, 1976 ANN Ann Has Sweet Tooth and LANDERS Says Sugar's OK DEAR ANN: comes around they are never hun- I'm well aware that a steady diet gry because they snack on sweets of candy is bad for teeth, but my constantly. I don't know what these dental experts tell me that the quali- My cousin has three adorable kids do for nourishment. (They are ty of the teeth you inherit is just as children. I know it's none of my from five to 11 yearsold.) important as what you eat. business but I am very upset be- Please, Ann, tell this mother that The health faddists out there are cause these kids are growing up on sugar is poison. She'll listen to you. going to let me have it for this an- junk food. I'm sure it will ruin their - Concerned in Columbia swer (where are you, Sen. Proxmire teeth and cause all kinds of health (R., Wis.?) but as a lifelong candy, problemslater in life. cookie, pie and cake-eater, I must They eat candy, cookies, cake, say I have suffered no ill effects. In Ice cream and pastries every day. If sugar was poison, I'd have been all fairness I should tell you that Their mouths are always full of dead a long time ago. I'm an incura- along with the swects I eat nourish- chewing gum. When mealtime ble sweet-eater and have been a no- ing food, exercise 30 minutes every torious dessert nut for years. morning and walk three miles a day (Maybe it's my substitute for when I'm not traveling. (P.S. My booze.) ;weight is exactly the same today as it was 35 years ago.) THE WASHINGTON POST D4 Sunday, January 4, 1978 ADVICE= Tell This Mother Dear Ann Landers: Here's a That Sugar Is Poison delicate problem. We hope you can help us settle it. Dear C: If sugar were poison, year-old boy with a very em- My husband and I play bridge Dear Ann Landers: My barrassingiproblem About a with another couple at least I'd have been dead a long time cousin has three adorable week ago, 2 me guy streaked once a week. We rarely see ago. I'm an incurable sweet- children. I know it's none of my eater and have been a notorious through the inner court at our them otherwise. The stakes are business but I am very upsee dessert nut for years. (Maybe high school during lunchtime fairly high and it isn' unusual to because these kids are growing it's my substitute for booze.) He wore a stocking mask over win (or lose) $35 in an evening. up on junk food. I'm sure it will his entire head. I went home form Velosemoreoften than we win. I'm well aware that a steady ruin their teeth and cause all- lunch that ay-and no one saw. Last week both my husband diet of candy is bad for teeth, kinds of health problems later me leave the school. Now and I saw them signaling back but my dental experts tell me in life. rumors are going around that L and forth. Once I felt a kick un- that the quality of the teeth you am the kid who streaked! der the table, intended for Mrs. They eat candy, cookies. inherit is just as important as cake, ice cream and pastries I swear it wasn't me, Ann. but X. We are convinced that this what you eat. nobody believes me except my couple has been cheating. We every day. Their mouths are always full of chewing gum. The health faddists out there best friend. People I don't even lost $40. When mealtime comes around are going to let me have it for know come up to me and start Neither my husband nor I they are never hungry because this answer (where are you, singing, 'The Streak!" How want to play bridge with this they snack on sweets con- Sen. Proxmire?) but as a can I stop these stupid rumors? couple any more, but we don't lifelong candy, cookie, pie and - Red Faced know if we should tell them cake-eater, I must say I have Ann Landers Dear Red: He who excuses why. My husband says no - I suffered no ill effects. In all himself accuses himself. When say yes. What do you say? - fairness I should tell you that you stop the denials they will Taken stantly. I don't know whatthese along with the sweets I eat stop the accusations. Dear Taken: I'm with your kids do for nourishment (They nourishing food, exercise 30 husband. Accusations would are from 5 to 11 years of age.) minutes every morning and only result in denials and hard Please, Ann, tell this mother walk three miles a day when feelings. Simply say you've that sugar is poison. She'll I'm not traveling. (P.S. My become too busy to play bridge. listen to you. -Concerned weight is exactly the same to- End the relationship on a day as it was 35 years ago.) friendly note. Dear Ann Landers: I am a 16- 1976, Field Enterprises. Source: ndustrydlocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zIk0226

Who has signed this letter?

lplh0227

lplh0227_p0, lplh0227_p1, lplh0227_p2

Maripat Murphy

GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION 716 METROBANK BUILDING DENVER, COLORADO 80202 303/893-4300 Corporate Headquarters Ms. Gail Zambrano Food Institute Digest P. 0. Box 523 Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410 June 6, 1977 Dear Ms. Zambrano: The April 30th edition of the Food Institute's Weekly Digest featured an article "Fast Food Pizza Industry Still Growing, Led by Pizza Hut" which mentioned Shakey's Incorporated, a subsidiary of Great Western United Corporation. In a recent phone conversation with you, I pro- posed that Great Western United provide your publication with further details concerning Shakey's new developments and innovations. This article describing Shakey's unique position in the pizza industry is enclosed for your information. Should you have any questions concerning the article or Shakey's, please contact me. Thank you. Sincerely, Margant Marply Maripat Murphy Corporate Communications Source: :https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lplh0227 Attn: Gail Zambrano P.O. bor 523 Food Institute Digest 28-06 Broadway Fair lawn, N.T. 07410 (201) 791-5570 Source: FOOD INSTITUTE'S WEEKLY DIGEST FAIR LAWN, N.J. W. CIRC. N. AVAIL. APR 30 1977 Beffers Fast Food Pizza Industry Still Growing, Led by Pizza Hut Food Institute Staff Report Perhaps because of the fragmentation of restricted to existing franchise Italian sausage) have been added. To the pizza and Italian restaurant industry, exact holders, is also the only pizza chain see how these new products add to measurement of the fast food pizza business with enough units (2,679 system-wide, the revenues of an average Pizza Hut seems to be hazardous at best. However, in including 115 foreign units at the end operating unit, the sales mix is this analysis an attempt will be made to put of last year) for a television network currently 68% pizza, 8.9% soft into some order the available data on the advertising campaign and one of only beverages, 7.1% beer, 6.5% pasta, industry to determine its size, the individual five foodservice chains of any type 4.8% sandwiches, 4.4% salads, and company sales leaders and their market share, that currently is on national 0.3% other products. (Where allowed as well as the number of units they operate, television. Pizza Hut was the fourth by local law, wine has been a along with menu expansions and changes, and largest foodservice TV advertiser in specialty item offered by pizza diversification into or withdrawal from other 1976 with $7.5 million (out of a total restaurants). Saga's Straw Hat units areas of fast food. ad budget of $8 million), up from $6.2 are offering thicker deeper dish pizza Although there seems to be no million spent in 1975. and a line of sandwiches formulated current bona fide measurement of the Other major industry factors from pizza dough that are called Hot size of the fast food pizza industry include Pizza Inn, Inc., the second Hats. Shakey's is also offering thick today, a recent U.S. Department of largest operator and third largest crust pizza and deli pizza, and is also Commerce study placed 1976 sales at franchisor of pizza restaurants in the trying to come up with a chain-wide some $1.1 billion, and with an U.S., with 1976 revenues of $51.8 sandwich program. Pasquale Pizza is estimated growth of 24%, 1977's million and 525 units operating at the offering pasta and sandwiches in industry sales are estimated at end of 1976; Saga Corp.'s Straw Hat addition to pizza. Cassano's, almost $1.4 billion. Some 46 major Pizza restaurants with estimated previously thought of as a carryout firms are listed as part of the sales of $48.5 million, based on 202 pizza operation, now has expanded its industry (although only those total units (123 company-owned and menu to include seafood. Also currently engaged in franchise 79 franchised), with average store experimenting with new products is licensing are included), with 5,849 sales volume per year of $240,000; Dino's Inc., 135-unit Garden City, units being operated in 1976 while Shakey's a 530-unit subsidiary of Mich. chain, whose take-out 6,756 are expected to be in operation Great Western United Corp., with operations offer square (deep dish) this year - a 16% increase. Sales 1976 sales pegged at $24.8 million and and round pizzas, spaghetti, ravioli through pizza chains have gone from a total advertising budget for 1976 of and submarine sandwiches; sit-down about $300 million in 1972 to more about $2.5 million; Domino's Pizza, dining facilities are also offered by than $1 billion currently, tripling Inc., with estimated sales of $24 the firm at its Dino's Parlors, which during the four-year period. million derived from 35 provide menu selections of lasagne, Pizza's rate of sales is allegedly the company-operated and 85 franchised mostacciolli, veal parmesan, highest of eight fast food industry units; Sir Pizza International, antipasto, salad bar, beer, wine and categories recently studied, with the operator of Sir Pizza, Mr. Pizza and sometimes liquor. exception of seafood chains which Pizza King restaurants, of which 25 Menu expansion to include experienced a five-fold increase in are company-operated and 127 are breakfast is so far not being sales over the same period (although franchised, with estimated sales of attempted or even mentioned by pizza some claim the Mexican fast food $14 million; Pasquale Food Co., with restaurants. In fact, the Chain market is growing most rapidly). 1976 sales of $12.6 million derived Restaurant Eating-Out Share Trends Fast food pizza units are estimated to from 234 locations in 19 states. (CREST) figures reported by the have done average sales per unit Another relatively large factor is National Restaurant Association (both company-owned Cassano's Inc., which operates 75 indicated no distribution of dollars for franchised) of $192,847 last year, with company units and 19 franchised. breakfast meal occasions at pizza a 5% gain expected this year to Formerly operated under the Cassano restaurants for the period December $203,330. Pizza units receive 56% of Pizza King name, the restaurants 1975 through February 1976. Pizza Hut sales from white collar households, were renamed last year to Cassano's notes that it has three distinct 33% from blue collar and the Pizza & Seafood. No current sales revenue periods: lunch, dinner and remaining 11% from other groups. figures are available. late night, providing unit sales of Undoubtedly the industry leader is Menus Are Expanding 20%, 40% and 40% respectively. Pizza Hut, Inc., which registered 1976 New product introduction is At Pizza Hut, expansion has also fiscal sales (through Mar. 31) of coordinated through the marketing meant attempting new concepts, such $244.8 million. On the basis of its and research and development as hamburgers and Mexican food. six-month sales figures through Sept. departments at Pizza Hut. The Pizza Hut abandoned the hamburger 30, Pizza Hut System captured 3.4% Wichita, Kan.-based firm attempts to concept after losing money, and more of the total $14.5 billion chain res- maintain at least three products in recently withdrew from the Mexican taurant segment of the foodservice the test stage at all times. This has restaurant endeavor by completely market, with company-owned units' resulted in the baked pasta program abandoning its Fiesta Cantina. share placed at 2.1%. However, on the with the introduction of spaghetti in However, testing is continuing of the basis of only pizza chain restaurant 1974, cavatini pasta in 1975 and Applegate's Landing operation (two sales, Pizza Hut accounted for thick'n Chewy pizza in 1975 and 1976. company-owned and five franchised approximately 22% of 1976 sales. In addition, salad bars and two new units), which is described as a more Pizza Hut, where franchising now is sandwich products (meatball and extensive pizza restaurant. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lplh0227

mention the date mentioned in this letter?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

may 4, 1978, May 4, 1978

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

who expressed that his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

Dr. roberts, Dr. Roberts

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

who streesed the importance of consumer research in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

Dr. Allan Forbes

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

mention the location which hearings are scheduled on oct 12-13?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

San Francisco

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

Which news is mentioned here?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

American Dental Association News, ADA News

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

who is the FDA's association commissioner for policy coordination?

jqyv0228

jqyv0228_p0, jqyv0228_p1, jqyv0228_p2, jqyv0228_p3, jqyv0228_p4, jqyv0228_p5, jqyv0228_p6, jqyv0228_p7, jqyv0228_p8, jqyv0228_p9, jqyv0228_p10, jqyv0228_p11, jqyv0228_p12, jqyv0228_p13

Ellen Williams, ellen williams

Zile The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 may 1 9 1978 May 15,1978 TO: PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE MEMBERS NOT PRESENT AT THE MAY 10 MEETING Gentlemen: The enclosed items were circulated at our May 10th PCC meeting. They are sent for your information and files. Hope to see you at our next PCC meeting. Each member company will receive 100 free copies of "Sugar: Fact and Fiction." Cordially, J. R. O'Connell Jack Director Public Relations JRO:drb Enclosures Telephone: Area Code (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. 1511 K Street, N.W., Suite 1017. Washington, D.C. 20005 M E M o R A N D U M TO: J. W. TATEM, JR. DATE: May 4, 1978 SUBJECT: FDA Consumer Meeting, May 3, 1978 SUGAR LABELING PROPOSAL The agenda included discussion of the future status of sugar and fat labeling. Bonnie Liebman, CSPI, argued that citizens have been "actively demanding* sugar labeling. She proceeded to out- line the points in CSPIYs April 11 letter to Commissioner Kennedy (attached) requesting labeling of sugar and fat content in terms of the percentage of total calories. The sugar and fat dis- closure should be prominently displayed (big print, front of package) and include some graphic display such as a pie graph. Although CSPI's proposal emphasizes the sugar labeling issue, Liebman noted that she now considers fat to be the "greatest threat to public health.' Commissioner Kennedy noted that FDA sees the need to provide information on the amount of sugar in foods but stated again he would prefer to await the results of the legislative style hearings on all labeling issues that will take place this fall. What is needed is a comprehensive design, he said, not a "baroque" label providing piecemeal solutions to individual problems. Dr. Howard Roberts, FDA, noted there were some problems with the percentaga of total calories approach and asked if CSPI would object to simply citing the total number of calories from sugar with the total number of calories in the product. That seemed reasonable, replied-Liebman, but a pie graph would still be needed to show the portion of calories contributed by sugar or fat. Roberts also noted that FDA's legal authority to require this kind of labeling is "tenuous." However, several bills are pending in the House of Representatives that would expand FDA's authority in this area. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Two Dr. Allan Forbes, PDA, stressed the importance of consumer re- search in determining the "right way" to proceed with labeling. Research was cited showing that consumers understood the grams/ serving format better than the percentage format of disclosure. Dr. Roberts expressed his own preference for a teaspoons/serving approach. LABELING HEARINGS FDA is obviously feeling a lot of pressure to "do something" about disclosing the sugar content of foods. If appropriations for the FTC hearings on advertising are cut off, this pressure will likely increase. The planned legislative hearings on labeling will probably become the forum for discussing the issues involving sugar and health. The hearings are scheduled as follows: Aug. 22-23 Wichita Sept. 18-19 Little Rock Sept. 27-28 Washington, D. C. Oct. 12-13 San Francisco Oct. 25-26 Boston Seven topic areas have been designated. These are: 1. Ingredient Labeling 2. Nutrition labeling and related dietary information 3. Open dating 4. Total food label 5. Safe and suitable ingredients 6. Imitation and substitute foods 7. Food fortification Three officers will preside at each hearing, representing FDA, FTC and USDA. This information will be published shortly in the Federal Register. FDA is billing these, hearings as an opportunity for the agency to receive the consumers' viewpoint. Accordingly they plan a public relations effort to get consumers out to the hearings. Kennedy even suggesting making day-care facilities available for small children. Ellen Williams, FDA's Association Commissioner for Policy Coordination, noted that time for industry presentations would be linited. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 J. W. Tatem, Jr. May 4, 1978 Page Three From this meeting, it seems likely that some form of sugar dis- closure will eventually be mandated. The format and style of this disclosure are the areas most open to discussion with FDA officials. Sarah Setton Librarian ss:kcp Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION, Thur., April 20, 1978 How Sweet It Is Some Foods May Contain More Sweeteners Than You Think By Tina McElroy Constitution Staff Writer life," the most fundamental of foods. Around 325 B.C., sugar cane, cultivated In nature, green plants convert in India, became a tropical source of sucrose. Think of some of the pet names energy from the sun into simple After the time of Columbus, when sugar cane we use for our lovers, children and sugars by combining carbon dioxide was brought to the Caribbean, the use of friends- "sweetheart," "honey," and water, and then make complex sugar became a bit more widespread. "sugar pie," "sweetie." All of them sugars from the simple ones. In the Middle Ages, it is reported, the are sweet words associated with love sweetener was so highly priced that it took an and affection. But from the looks of Sugar is a source of energy and average person's weekly salary to buy a publicity given to sugar in foods calories in the diet. For over 50 pound. lately - from presweetened cereals years, U.S. Department of Com- In fact, it was not until the Napoleonic to tomato ketchup to processed merce figures show, sugar-has pro- Wars, in the early 1800s, and the development cheese - it might soon be an insult vided about 20 percent of the calo- of the sugar beet that the world gained a to call someone "sugar." ries in the American diet. temperate-zone source of sugar. Sugar in the diet has left a bad In 1972, the estimate for worldwide taste in the mouths of such diverse When most of us refer to sugar, groups as celebrities, health food we mean sucrose, a nearly pure car- sugar production was 74 million metric tons. advocates and nutritionists, while bohydrate - table sugar, beet sugar In the United States, 10 million tons is mar- or cane sugar. But we consume other keted every year. manufacturers who use sugar as an What concerns most sugar-conscious con- ingredient in their foods have taken forms of sugar, too: Fructose, a a defensive attitude on the subject. natural sugar found in fruit; glucose, sumers today is the amount of sugar found in In short, another battle along the the only natural carbohydrate also our diets. Food processors are using more in found in the body's general circula- their products, food experts say, and many consumer front is shaping up. The tion; dextrosé, also called glucose; parents believe that kids are eating more Federal Trade Commission has pro- posed regulating sugar and snack and levulose (found in honey), known sweets. In the good old days, it is commonly food commercials on children's TV as fructose. These sugars are mono- said, we did not consume nearly as much shows, and the Senate's Select Com- saccharides - the simplest struc- sugar as we do today. mittee on GRAS (generally recog- tural units of carbohydrates. The studies show an interesting picture. Annual consumption of sugar is computed by nized as safe) Substances has leveled When two monosaccharides are the U.S. Department of Agriculture by the its gaze on the topic of sugar in the joined, a disaccharide is formed. The amount of "disappearance" of sugar each diet. Also, an "Evaluation of the most common disaccharide is su- year. The disappearance figures include con- Health Aspects of Sucrose as a Food crose, made of one molecule of glu- sumption and waste. Ingredient" has been prepared for cose and one molecule of fructose. In 1925, the per capita disappearance the Food and Drug Administration The suffix "ose" indicates a sype of rate was 100 pounds. By 1975, the rate was Why all this interest in sugar? sugar. 102 pounds for each American. So, over 50 Ronald M. Deutsch, author and lec- years, the amount of sugar disappearance has turer on nutrition, says it's due in The first sweetner, mentioned in varied little (not counting the drop to 87 part to an increased interest in records more than 6,000 years ago, pounds per capita during World War II). health, diet and weight reduction was honey (which contains fructose These figures include sugar used in home or among most Americans. and glucose). It was not widely used, restaurant cooking, sugar added by the con- In other words, it is not, as some since it was available only to the sumer and sugar used in processed foods. suspect, only those so-called "health privileged. Yet a shift has been noted in the way food nuts" who are on the attack sugar is used. In 1910, 25 percent went fer against sugar; it is also the woman industrial use and the remainder went for who prepares meals for the family; household use. Sixty-one years later, in 1971, parents who have to pay for visits to the industrial sugar-use figure was 72 per- the dentist, and consumers who ques- cent, with the percentage of corn sweeteners tions the price and safety of added added. The rest was for household use. sugar. "The point here is, the discretionary use And this interest is reflected in the of sugars by the consumer at the present bookstore. The shelves are full of time is very limited," writes Sidney M. Can- books on sugar - "Complete Junk tor, a speaker at the 1975 National Academy Food Book, "The Brand Name of Sciences forum on "Sweeteners: Issues and Sugar Guide," "The Nuts Among the Uncertainties." Eerries." Also, the March issue of From the figures, we know we are get- Consumer Reports magazine fea- ting more sugar in the processed foods we eat tured a cover story en sugar. than our parents and grandparents did 50 Although some would argue the years ago, because more is used in industry point, sugar is a nutrient. It is a di- and we are eating more processed food. gestible carbohydrate, and all digest- ible carbohydrates are nutrients. Simple sugar is the "basic food of MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -2- THE ATCANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued But just how much? When stated in per- Sugar is added to processed foods, says centages of the total weight of a product, the Roger Coleman of the National Food Proces- figure can be astounding. sors Association in Washington, which pri- In the sugar report prepared for the FDA marily represents canners in the country, by the Life Sciences Research Office, a listing "principally for taste purposes." of the weighted mean percent level of added "Some products are not acceptable to the sucrose in foods gives an idea of how much consumer without the addition of some we are getting in our processed foods: sugar," he says, citing canned pears and fruit Cheese cocktail as two examples. 24.56 percent. Joel Williams of Savannah Foods, which Processed vegetables, juices 13.25 percent. produces Dixie Crystals sugar products and some processed foods for institutional use, Fats and oils 3.43 percent. agrees that sugar is added to food products "to improve the palatability of food being Condiments, relishes sold, to enhance flavor of foods-canned 26.82 percent. vegetables, for instance. Tastant coffee and tea 12.60 percent. "They've howled about sugar, but it makes food palatable," he says. "The result is Frozen dairy desserts, mixes 9.31 percent. that (consumers) eat food that's good for them." Soups and soup mixes Laurie Beacham, advisor to the president 20 percent. of the food processors organization, remem- Pasta and rice dishes bers his mother adding a little sugar to 1.43 percent. vegetables for taste, and his wife does, too. He wonders how many housewives "who con- Baked goods, breads 11.42 percent. sider themselves good cooks add a little sugar. Breakfast cereals in cooking." But he disagrees with the FDA 26.71 percent. report on percentages of sugar in canned Imitation dairy products 16.24 percent. vegetables. Not all processors use sugar in canning Processed fruit, juices, drinks 12.58 percent. vegetables, Beacham says, and those who do only use a small amount - 1 or 1¹/² percent sugar. Consumers Report magazine did some A spot check at a grocery store shows testing of its own for its article on sugar. Its that sugar (either sucrose, dextrose, corn analysis included not only a determination of syrup or "natural sweeteners") is used in can- the proportion of sucrose contained in a prod- ned vegetables such as Green Giant white uct but also "all varieties of sugar, including corn, Libby's peas and carrots, Del Monte those in corn syrup, honey, fruit, and vegeta- sweet peas and Chef Boy-ar-dee spaghetti bles." Here are some of the findings: sauce with meat. Coffee-Mate non-dairy creamer 65.4 percent. Processors are required to list ingredi- ents in descending order of ingredient Libby's canned peaches 17.9 percent. amounts, but percentages and specific amounts of each ingredient are not listed. Heinz tomato ketchup 28.9 percent. Beacham says he does not think consumers are that interested in the percentage of in- Wishbone Russian salad dressing 30.2 per- gredients and that listing amounts would cent. "add something to the price" of the product. Coleman (of the food processors' group) Ritz crackers 11.8 percent. adds that most companies that can fruits, for instance, offer a variety of packing methods. Cool Whip non-dairy whipped topping 21.0 There is fruit packed in heavy syrup, in percent. medium syrup, in natural juices, in water and a dietetic type. Hershey's milk chocolate bar 51.4 percent. "We'll provide whatever the consumer Shake 'n Bake seasoned coating mix 17.4 per- wants," the processors' spokesman says. "We cent. don't list the amount of sugar used, but you can tell" by the way the product is packed Hambuger Helper 23.0 percent. how much sugar is used. Skippy creamy peanut butter 9.2 percent. MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 -3- - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTTON Apr. 20, 1978 - Continued D D 8 0 a 0 R 6CH,OH H OH 0 5 3 2 D H H 0 H OH H your 4 1 OH H H OH 3 2 H 5 OH H 6 0 H OH H2COH Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 1910 Sugar Taking Its Lumps Is It Harmless Or A Real Villain? Experts Leave Us Confused recommending a reduction in the amount of fat, cholesterol, The second of two articles sugar and salt in the diet and an increase in complex car- By Tina McElroy bohydrate intake, Constitution Staff Writer So the nutritionists; physicians and other authorities argue on, choosing up sides and clashing in a sort of nutri- Mary Poppins told us "a spoonful of tional Sugar Bowl, with the public waiting on the sidelines to sugar makes the medicine go down in see which way the sugar cookie crumbles. the most delightful way." But maybe she Ronald Deutsch, author and lecturer on the subject of hadn't done much reading on the health nutrition, says of sugar, "There is no toxic effect in moderate aspects of sugar in the diet. Truth is, amounts of sugar.' many people have turned sour on sugar. And in the 1975 report "Evaluation of the Health Aspects In recent years, for instance, sugar of Sucrose as a Food Ingredient," prepared for the Food and has been identified as a primary suspect Drug Administration, the findings state: in a variety of health problems - "Other than the contribution made to dental caries, there obesity, diabetes, heart disease and den- is no clear evidence in the available information on sucrose tal caries. It has also become the target that demonstrates a hazard to the public when used at the of many nutritionists who dismiss it as a levels that are now current and in the manner now prac- "junk food," worthless and possibly ticed.' harmful. In short, sugar has been taking In most studies and reports conducted on the health as- its lumps lately, pects of sugar in the diet, the words "highly unlikely," "no clear evidence," "unknown" and "undetermined" occur again Physicians, scientists and nutritio- and again. nists have churned out books on the sub- And a look at the major maladies commonly associated ject, a U.S. Senate committee has delved with the intake of sugar reflects the same uncertainty. into the topic, and dentists have drilled Since many people associate sugar with diabetes, they into sugar to study its cariogenic effect. assume that sugar is the cause of the disease. Yet the cause They-and scores of others-are of diabetes is unknown. Experts report there is no evidence asking just how much sugar we're eating that excessive consumption of sugar causes diabetes. The and what is its effect upon health. Opin- 1975 FDA report on health and sugar said that studies had ions, even expert opinions, vary. Some found "no plausible evidence that sucrose, except as a non- say there's not a grain of granulated specific source of excessive calories, is related to the dis- truth in the attack against sugar; others ease." contend that it is Dixie-Crystal clear to The same paucity of conclusive evidence shrouds the all but the benighted that America's claim linking sugar intake with cardiovascular disease. A sweet tooth is causing the decay of soci- 1972 study by J. Yudkin found a correlation between deaths ety. due to cardiovascular disease and sucrose consumption, but a joint report by the Royal College of Physicians of London The truth lies buried in the nation's and the British Cardiac Society concluded that "there is no sugar bowls. firm evidence linking sugar intake and coronary heart dis- In the body, sugar is digested by ease." breaking down complicated sugar (su- Another dimension of the sugar controversy is what nu- crose) to simple sugar (glucose and trionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University calls "the fructose), because simple sugar is the popularity of hypoglycemia." Hypoglycemia is a low level of only form that can be absorbed through blood sugar. It is often accompanied by shakiness, trembling, the intestinal walls into the bloodstream. anxiety, fast heartbeat, headaches, hunger sensations, feel- From the blood, the substances go to the ings of weakness, and occasionally, seizures and coma. liver, where the fructose is metabolized Ironically, the condition is aggravated rather than into glucose. The only sugar that the relieved by the ingestion of concentrated sweets, body can use is glucose, which is turned into fat. As a food ingredient, sucrose has been categorized as "generally recog- nized as safe" (GRAS). in the Code of Federal Regulations. But the Senate Se- lect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs published a report last year MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 Apr. 21, 1978 - Cont inued Symptoms Likened To Anxiety is worse for your teeth than sitting down and eating five But more people think they have the disease than actu- candy bars right laway." ally do, Dr. Hunt says. Many of the symptoms of Since .1 percent of sugar will begin the process as soon hypoglycemia are the same as those of anxiety reaction. as 1 percent will, it only takes a tiny amount to start the Hypoglycemia has to be definitely diagnosed by a physician acid-producing process-about 20 minutes, he explains. for proper treatment. Therefore, every time you take a bite of the candy bar, the Obesity is another health problem (one third of all action to produce acid begins. If you eat all five candy bars American adults are overweight) linked to sugar consump- at once, the action takes place only once. tion. Since diet and control of weight are elements in the The time of day that you eat sugar, Dr. Moss says, is treatment of obesity, as well as diabetes, hypertension and also important in the consideration of sugar and cavities. heart disease, sugar has been associated negatively with "It's difficult for a modern-day parent to design a meal these and other health problems. that doesn't contain sugar," he says, citing the sugar in ket- Sugar consumption, however, is not the cause of obesity. cup, jam, fresh fruit. "It's just not very practical. Fat is the result of an excessive intake of calories - from "You have to say that at least three times a day (at any type of food - and/or of inactivity. If you consume more calories in starches, alcohol or fat, protein or sugar mealtimes), you're going to have teeth in contact with sugar. You have to write off those three times. What you have to than you expend, then you gain weight. The source of the ex- cess calories is irrelevant. Physicians often advise the obese concern yourself about is between meal snacks." to limit the. consumption of concentrated sweets because During a meal, Dr. Moss explains, the other foods-and that's where the most calories lurk. drink you consume with sugar-containing foods help to wash Imbalance In Nutrients the sucrose off your teeth. Therefore, the sugar is not as damaging to teeth as eating a sugar-containing snack food Actually, fat is not where it's at when the experts zero in alone. But when you eat cereal or cookies between meals, en sugar. They focus instead on sugar's effect on nutrition, with nothing else, there is nothing to keep the sugar from whether it causes an inbalance in the nutrients we get in our clinging to teeth and producing acid. If you eat four snacks diet. during the day, then you are "challenging" your teeth seven Most nutritionists will tell you that the desired diétary times a. .day (including the three times with meals), he says- goal is to eat well-balanced meals that provide the nutrients our bodies need to function. And if sugar, a tablespoon of Although sugar is not the only thing that causes cavities, which provides only 11.9 grams of carbohydrates and a trace it is a good idea to guard against the harm sugar can do to of calcium, along with 46 calories, comprises too large a part teeth. Dentists suggest restricting between-meal snacks, of our diet, little room will be left for other foods that pro- brushing or rinsing mouth after eating, and avoiding sticky vide nutrients. At present, 10 to 20 percent of the calories we foods. consume come from sugar. And although Dr. Moss points out that there "is no way "What we're concerned about is the dilution of the yet to measure definitely the cariogenic element of a food,' American diet, and we should look at sugar as a diluter," he does offer some alternatives to the normal sweet snack says nutrition author Deutsch. "We (Americans) are really foods that most people eat. interested in the way things taste. And most of the things we like are fats and sweets. But what we should ask is, 'First, Popcorn (without salt, since salt may negatively affect have I got the nutrients I need? Then, sure, it's okay to have people with predisposition to high-blood pressure) your lollipop. But first be sure you get the foods in your diet Plain yogurt. Skim milk. that provide needed nutrition." Nutritionist Dr. Sara Hunt of Georgia State University Carrots. Cold meats. agrees. And she suggests the use of nutritional density - put simply, evaluation of food according to the amount of nutri- Hard boiled eggs. Unsalted nuts. ents it offers compared to the number of calories it provides. Chocolate- drinks (unsweetened types you make your The Dental Villain self). Dried meats. "If you were to choose a balanced, varied diet and leave off the concentrated sweets, there wouldn't be a problem Sugarless gum- with sugar," Dr. Hunt says. The one area in which most people agree that sugar is the villain is in dental health. But even here, the correlation is not as simple as "sugar causes cavities." Dental- caries occur when three factors are present: An infectious organism, a susceptible target and an conducive environment to the growth of the infectious-agent Bacteria on the teeth take a sugar-containing food and convert it to acid that makes holes in surface of the teeth - cavities. Al- though sucrose (table sugar) is the the biggest culprit, other sugars (fructose and glucose) have been found to be almost as cariogenic. Dr. Stephen Moss, professor and chairman of the Depart- ment of Dentistry for Children at the New York University College of Dentistry and an authority on the cause of caries, says there is a problem in the public's mind, with the associa- tion of sugar and cavities. "It's not the amount of sugar you eat, it's the frequency that sugar is eaten," he says. It Takes Only Tiny Amount Dr. Moss gave this example: if you have a candy bar, and you take bites of it throughout the day until it's gone, it MORE Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 - 3 - THE ATLANTIC CONSTITUTION Apr. 21, 1978 - Continued Obesity, diabetes, heart disease and dental caries-sugar may be a scapegoat in these ills, but it looks as though we're in for a wait to learn the answers. a 0 Staff Artwork-Trevor Irvin # Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228` WHAT'S HAPPENING? A Monthly Summary of Field Activities of the Sugar Association Food/Nutrition Consulting Dietitians May 1, 1978 Media During April, I covered part of the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic states. First stop was Toronto, Canada. In January, I appeared on "Canada AM" which covers most of Canada. In early February, the producer for "Toronto Today" CFTO-TV called to inquire if I would cover the sugar controversy in more depth for their viewers. "Toronto Today" appears for 30 minutes following "Canada AM.' I was booked for media in New York State the first week in April, so agreed to do the program at that time. Canadian broadcasting is viewed extensively across the northern United States near the border. Pat Murray interviewed me live for 15 minutes. We discussed overweight, which is also a problem in Canada, and fad diets. The booklet, "Eye It Before You Diet, " was offered. Next stop was Buffalo where I appeared on WKBW-TV "Dialing For Dollars," with Dave Thomas and Angela McCarthy. Dave had done his homework and asked some perceptive questions about sugar's role in obesity. The booklet was offered and within two weeks we received over 300 requests. After my segment on the show the horticulturist from the Cooperative Extension Service demonstrated planting raspberry bushes in the garden. He and Dave Thomas sampled some home made bread with raspberry jam and peanut butter. Dave commented, "There' sugar in the bread, the jam is almost pure sugar and the peanut butter has some too sure tastes good though! I also did two radio tapes. One was 15 minutes on WBEN Radio with Charlie Warren. We talked about cereals, snacks and the difference between corn sweeteners and table sugar. The second show was 20 minutes on WBFO Radio at the State University of New York at Buffalo. College students are often some of the loudest critics of sugar so I try to cover as many university stations as possible. Interviewer Mark Chodorow went over the March Consumer Reports article, "Too Much Sugar" in its entirety. In Rochester, Margaret Graham-Smith, featured me as her guest on "Noon At Ten, WHEC-TV for 10 minutes on the cereal and snack controversy. She was unbiased about sugar. Dan Michen, WROC Radio, and I were on a live call-in program for one hour. His listening audience asked some very intelligent questions including, "How can a consumer tell how much sugar he eats when fresh products aren't labeled and labeling for processed foods isn't compulsory for all food products?" There were many comments about the Consumer Reports article. One dietitian described how her four children had been trained from toddler age to brush their teeth after eating anything. They had good teeth as adults. Her point was that parents could help prevent tooth decay if they made the effort. I also appeared on the University of Rochester station, WRUR-FM for 15 minutes to discuss the cereal controversy and the Consumer Reports article. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In Syracuse, two scheduled TV appearances were cancelled at the last minute because of illness in one case and being pre-empted by a local politician in the second. Cynthia Bell, WMHR Radio, did four, eight minute tapes on cereals, obesity, tooth decay and snack foods for a broadcast series on sugar's role in health. Bob Richblum and I did a live one-hour call-in on the University of Syracuse, WAER Radio program, "Coffee Break. It was a heated session in spots with comments like, "Anyone paid for by The Sugar Association can't possibly tell the truth, so why bother to try" "the food processors and sugar refiners are turning us all into addicts by deliberately sticking sugar in everything we eat!" In Albany, it was more of the same. David Allen, WAST-TV is very anti- sugar. On the air, he started in about how sugar contains no vitamins and minerals and causes tooth decay and obesity. He was so worked up he wouldn't let me say a word so I stated in a louder voice than his, "If you don't stop being belligerent we can't carry on an intelligent two-way conversation.' Dead silence followed so I presented my side about sugar's contribution to palatability and what part it played in the area of tooth decay. Total air time was 10 minutes. The TV crew thought we were going to come to blows. David's co-host, Betty George, 200 plus pounds of lady said, "Honey, that was a marvelous bout!' After that session I appeared with Boom Boom Brannigan, WABY Radio for 80 minutes on a call-in show. We covered the Consumer Reports article and Sugar in the Diet of Man. The call-ir questions covered sugar in health and food. Overall the listeners were not anti-sugar. Boom Boom is a real character but probably attracts more advertising than his competitors with his folksy interview style. Back home in New York City I was listening to my favorite music station, WTFM Radio when what do I hear but dentist, Paul Bar ger and Doctor Robert C. Atkins, criticizing sugar on Nell Bassett's program, "Community Reports. She tapes guests for an hour or two, then breaks up the interview into five or six separate segments. These are played at different times of the day for a week. She had the two gentlemen on for a week. The second week she featured me with the dentist criticizing what I had to say. I wasn't given the opportunity for rebuttal to his comments. Nell's selection of material from my tape could have been better. I was amused the dentist was irate that someone had been allowed to contradict him. If listeners tuned in to all the segments they could better evaluate what was said. Just hearing one out of context may or may not have been informative. It depended on the listener's background. A cross section of people mentioned to me they heard the program -- the mail clerks at Grand Central Post Office, my apartment building personnel, George Hammond, Chairman of Carl Byoir. The second week in April, I covered Boston environs, Hartford and New Haven. In Boston, I worked with Freddie Seymour on a half-hour radio tape she syndicates to a number of Boston stations. We covered "Sugar In The Diet of Man. I did two one-hour radio interviews at universities -- one for WBRS, Brandeis and the other for WBCN Radio at Boston College. The Consumer Reports article was discussed in depth. Jean Colbert, WINF Radio, Hartford, did a half hour tape with me on her popular program, "World Today. We talked about sugar in recipes as well as in health. Barbara Loucks, WELI Radio, New Haven, and I taped 10, three-minute interview segments on the sugar controversy. She plays them continually during the day for 12 weeks. Topics included raw sugar, tooth decay, snack foods, palatability of food and overweight. Mike Warren featured me for 10 minutes on WTNH-TV's "12 O'Clock Live" program. He wanted to know how much conscience the food industry and sugar refiners had when they put sugar in everything. He also said he bet there wasn't 29% sugar in catsup made back in 1900. I didn't know so looked it up when I returned to the office. One recipe I found not only had sugar, but also to pint of alcohol in the ingredient list. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 The third week in April was spent in the pouring rain traveling through West Virginia. First city was Lexington, Kentucky, where I appeared on WLEX-TV with Sue Wylie. She said we were sugar junkies, then discussed the Consumer Reports article for 10 minutes. WBLG Radio did an excellent 30 minute, in-depth interview on the suggested questions. WVLK Radio taped me for 13 hours on the same questions which was broken down to a 15 minute program for public affairs and 10 thirty-second news fillers. Roger Evans, WGNT Radio, Huntington, West Virginia, had me as his guest on a call-in program from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. The majority of the questions concerned obesity. Joanne Jaeger, WSAV-TV, Charleston, taped a 10 minute program on the cereal controversy and snack foods. Linda Wild, WTAP-TV, Parkersburg, West Virginia, taped 15 minutes on WTAP-TV discussing "Sugar Blues" and the Consumer Reports article. In Morgantown, I appeared with Melanie Walters on a 20 minute call-in discussing sugar's role in obesity and tooth decay. WCLG Radio did a 40 minute tape covering the suggested questions plus the Consumer Reports article. Pittsburgh was the last stop where I was a guest on the popular "AM Pittsburgh" with Dr. Adabi, M.D. and Ph.D. in nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh. We discussed the cereal controversy and the various sweeteners used in food processing. Dr. Adabi said there was no proof that sugar was dangerous to our health. He felt we were polluted with too much sugar (all types including sugar already present in food) which contributed to obesity. We should only eat that amount that makes foods in the Basic Four diet palatable. There is no need for desserts and all the snacks we consume. He also said no one had really established a percentage of sugar in the diet that could be considered "correct. "Who can prove 15% total sugar intake is OK?" This segment of the program had call-in questions relative to diabetes, the nutritional value of honey versus sugar. Martha Pehl traveled through a portion of the south. She appeared on WHBQ-TV in Memphis, Tenn. for 13 minutes and discussed hypoglycemia. WWEE Radio had her as a call-in guest for one hour. The questions covered saccharin, hypoglycemia, cereals and health foods. Chattanooga was the next city visited where Martha appeared on WRCB-TV for 6 minutes talking about weight control. She taped a 45 minute radio show for WDEF Radio on weight control. In Knoxville her first appearance was on WBIR-TV for 15 minutes discussing pre-sweetened cereals. WEZK Radio taped a 10 minute program on fad diets. Martha was particularly pleased with her response from the Food and Nutrition Specialist for the Cooperative Extension Service, Kayla Carruth at the University of Tennessee. Copies of all of our latest printed material will be sent to extension agents throughout the state. Virginia followed Tennessee. Martha did 8 minutes on WVEC-TV talking about the sugar controversy and 12 minutes on WAVY-TV, same topic, both in Portsmouth. She also taped a half hour program on the suggested questions for WXRI Radio. A 10 minute radio call-in on WRVA based on the suggested questions and a 10 minute taped interview on WEET Radio were completed in Richmond. Judi Davis traveled to Wichita Falls, Texas to appear on KFDX-TV. She discussed overweight. Also KWFT Radio did a 15 minute live show on the suggested questions and cereal controversy. In Sherman, Texas, Judi appeared on KXII-TV for 6 minutes and 15 minutes on their sister radio station. Mary Jane-Danielson, had a 15 minute program on KATU-TV, Portland, covering the cereal controversy. In addition to media, the field staff have been conducting group meetings as well as contacting editors and Extension Service personnel. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228 In summary, the attitude of consumers and interviewers has changed much since the Consumer Reports article. People seem to feel they have been duped because sugar appears on the label of so many food products industry is conspiring to make them sugar addicts. Those under 35 years of age are more anti-sugar than older people. Some commentators are catching on to the fact consumers really have no way to accurately determine their total daily sugar intake (all sugars, in fresh as well as processed food) . There are no labels on fresh produce. In 1977, we ate 17% of our meals away from home. Restaurant menus don't show the breakdown of the food. Nutritional labeling isn't compulsory on all processed foods. The idea that there is no way to determine sugar con- sumption is very frustrating to people and they react more negatively to sugar than they might otherwise. Dorothy Buckner Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jqyv0228

Who is the president of the Sugar Association?

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jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

John W. Tatem, Jr.

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

What is the designation of Gary E. Costly?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

vice-president for public affairs of the Kellogg Company

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

What is the head line of this news?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

What is the designation of James L. Mark?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p2, lzlk0226_p3, lzlk0226_p4, lzlk0226_p5, lzlk0226_p6

Executive Vice President

tile THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY June 18, 1976 Mr. L. W. Tatem, Jr. President The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 Dear Bill: Larry McGhee, Director of Corporate Communications, resigned from the Company last week. I would appreciate your removing Larry's name from all Sugar Association mailing lists. I have requested Claud D. Fleet, Jr., who is in charge of corporate communications for Great Western, to assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee. Please add Claud's name to the mailing list and advise the chairman of the committee of this change. Correspondence and mailings of all kinds should be addressed to him at 716 Metrobank Building, Denver, Colorado 80202. His telephone number is 303/893-4300. I will appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. Best regards. Yours very truly, /s/ James L. Mark James L. Mark Executive Vice President bcc: C. D. Fleet, Jr. POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk022 till The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 J. W. Tatem, Jr. President June 21, 1976 Mr. James L. Mark The Great Western Sugar Company P.O. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of June 18 advising us that Larry McGhee has resigned from The Great Western Sugar Company. Also that Claud D. Fleet, Jr. will assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee as well as being placed on the mailing lists. At the same time, I would like to give you belated congratulations on assuming the position of Executive Vice President of Great Western. I know you will do a fine job and if there is anything that we can assist you in, please do not hesitate to let us know. Looking forward to our continued fine relationship, I remain, Sincerely, President Bush JWT: drb XCC- Cloudt D. Heet. Jr 6-24-76 Telephone: Area Code 202/628-0189 Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 Editorial " at the company trough" or "Public trough!" A paper entitled "Feeding at the to where it could be spent. Ideally, Company Trough," co-authored by that might be fine, but it isn't terri- Rep. Rosenthal (D-NY) and Mike bly likely. One of the major reasons Jacobson (Center of Science in the that companies tie in with university Public Interest), accuses a number personnel is to avoid expensive of well-known food science acad- duplication of facilities - if a uni- emicians of using corporate ties - versity center has the equipment, it Unless a student enters college and letting corporate ties use them. saves the company from equipping specifically to become a consumer Some of the statements in the re- a corporate lab for a small project. advocate, the student will probably port approach libel: "Some profes- If companies have to always pro- sors who moonlight for industry, need research projects and/or an vide total facilities, prices of foods industry internship in order to cover such as Stare and Clydesdale, de- will simply rise a little more. That some of the costs of going to col- fend industry and attack consumer includes any food that Jacobson lege. The day when the majority of activities so vehemently that they eats, too. parents would hand junior a check have become known as food indus- CSPI advocates that the money for $10,000 and tell him to go get a try apologists. It is difficult to know from companies for research be college education is about gone. the extent to which their philoso- "laundered"-a that one of the That money just won't cover costs phies have been molded by corp- cleaning agents be a group includ- - and the amount required for ed- orate grants and honoraria. But an ing consumerists and non-affiliated ucation continues to skyrocket. In- even more serious consequence scientists. They would use a "small dustry recognizes this-and be- than creating a professional advo- amount of money" to develop cri- cause industry will need the gradu- cate is the gag-effect of company teria for who gets the grants and ates, it's been supportive of univer- money." who doesn't. They do not define sities in a variety of ways. Sure, in- CSPI has taken on the appear- "small amount" however, and 1 dustry wants to have a finger in the ance of a quasi-legal body. Their don't think we would all define curriculum. But that input is needed interest in where universities get "small amount" exactly the same their research money brings up the to help make sure that those grads way. interesting question of where CSPI are really prepared to become con- Anyhow, the CSPI appears to tributing members of the industrial gets theirs. But even more interest- want the universities to turn out community. ing than where their financing more advocates than scientists. comes from is the question of how Never thought l'd see the day they got the information for their Without industry assistance and co- when I would echo the Great report on academicians and cor- operation, the universities will turn Mayor of our Great City of Chi- out more and more ill-prepared sci- porate funds. It appears certain that cago, but: "what trees do they they had very good assistance from entists, which means longer train- plant?" How many job openings for Representative Rosenthal. In fact, ing on the job - and higher costs. consumerists are there, anyway? the request for the information from Industry needs the facilities and And who appointed CSPI to repre- the professors appeared on Rosen- brainpower of the academic com- sent you and me? thal's office letterhead - and cer- munity to help find the information tainly looked pretty official. In fact, required as a result of the consum- at least one of the professors made erists' demands for such things as a quick trip to his lawyer before nutritional information, ways of han- From Bethhuw answering the form. dling effluents, etc. And the univer- The Center apparently would like sities need the industry's input too, to see companies shell out money just as they need the jobs supplied for research without any controls as by industry for their graduates. 10 CANNER/PACKER 10/76 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 FOOD ENGINEERING OCTOBER 1976 What to do about Washington and its letters by Stephanie Crocco, Ph.D. questioning the ethics of others. Rosenthal did not make a FE Midwest Editor They have not proved their request for such an inquiry of case. They have not reported on the General Accounting Office how the universities handle or other investigatory body. After having read the ar- grants-in-aid. And Jacobson, Instead, he used Congres- ticle on page 38, you should be for one, knows full well that the sional position for the purpose equipped to answer the follow- students-who often do the ac- of gathering information which ing question: tual research-are seldom privy for the most part already ex- When you get an unsolicited in- to the sources of income. listed. In fact, 2 savvy food edi- quiry from Congress, you: For Jacobson to imply that tors on the Eastern front point :throw it in the wastebasket student research is con- out that although worthy of mount it for use as a dart taminated by industrial sources comment, the survey wasn't board of support is for Jacobson to really "hard news." reply that you are thinking cast question on any research Positive Reaction of running for Congress he, himself did as a student. request the Congress- The R-J paper contends There is some good which person's tax returns for that a money source dictates can come from the R-J paper. years since 1970. professional actions. The au- As one publicized professor Now obviously, none of the thors have conveniently over- said, "This ought to give each of above choices is exactly public- looked the fact that universities us a reason to examine our spirited. However, one of these receive governmental support. consciences-and see what we options (the wastebasket) was Often, the government is in an are doing." offered by many of the profes- adversary position to industry. After such an exercise, sors who made the Rosenthal- Are legal positions of govern- many professors should be in a Jacobson corporate-connec- ment, backed by university re- position to take even stronger tions list. search, to be questioned-be- stands than they are now doing. There is a possibility that cause government has paid the Some who feel they have been the questionable tactics of bill for studies? Rosenthal-Ja- maligned can take steps to Rosenthal and Jacobson might cobson logic seems to dictate clear the record. cause many highly-educated, that that is the case. But motivated men and women into The General Accounting Inquiries from Congress a reluctant non-cooperation Office is part of the Congres- can and should be answered. with Congress. sional research system. Con- This (hopefully) gives knowl- This, of course, is troubling gress controls funds for its own edgeable people an opportunity at a time when some members research agencies. Should GAO for reasoned input at a time of Congress are looking at food and allied agency reports be when reasoned input is critical. and food-related issues. examined for pro-Congression- From discussions with the If Congress is ever to be al bias? "Rosenthal-Jacobson profes- educated about food-edt sors," it seems that the follow- cated as to both fact and delu- Negative Reaction ing is at least one course of ac- sion-this is no time for produc- Rosenthal was not totally tion: tive scientists to cop out. honest with his correspondants. 1. When Washington Blatherskites on the Potomac He offered no explanations; he writes, assume that the inquiry informed no correspondents is legitimate. The past few months have that he was collaborating with 2. Thank the Congress- seen the scientific community Jacobson (who has a dubious man for the opportunity to com- get a number of jolts. But none reputation among many scien- ment. Ask the who's, what's, has yet been the major quake tists); he gave no indication that why's, when's and where's. (Ask that will drive them, en masse, those who responded to in- for a reply by return mail. This out of their labs and into the quiries would have their integri- will give you an opportunity to streets for protest demonstra- ty impugned by a man cloaked register a protest about the mail tions. with Congressional immunity. system.) The R-J paper probably inevitably, some will cite 3. Prepare your response. won't be the straw that breaks Rosenthal's techniques as suf- Then, when the inquiring Con- backs either. It is just one more ficient reason to consider public gressman responds to your in- attack. servants as being of curious quiry, you can quickly respond Unfortunately, each new at- credibility. With that as a prem- to the Congressman's inquiry. tack is just absorbed; a few ise, non-cooperation could be- 5. Send carbons of all cor- more professionals become come an attitude. The losers will respondence to your own Con- disenchanted; a few more politi- be the people-not Rosenthal gressman. clans are perceived as dema- and Jacobson. Non-cooperation Failure to respond to legiti- gogues; and a few more by competent scientists would mate Congressional questions pseudo-professionals are thus leave the field to the Rosenthals only makes the situation worse. given leave to perform even and the Jacobsons. The citizen is the supreme per- more effectively in the resultant Tha possibility of conflict of son in this country. Congress- informational vacuum. interest-as pointed out in sev- persons work for you; they are Conflict of interest is a eral professorial answers to the your hirelings. Their pay centers serious charge involving an in- Rosenthal letters, is a germane on the public interest-not on dividual's ethics. Rosenthal and and proper inquiry. the Center for Science in the Jacobson are now on record as As such it is curious that Public interest. Circle 32 on Inquiry Card Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 41 2-D THE MIAMI HERALD Saturday, January 3, 1976 ANN Ann Has Sweet Tooth and LANDERS Says Sugar's OK DEAR ANN: comes around they are never hun- I'm well aware that a steady diet gry because they snack on sweets of candy is bad for teeth, but my constantly. I don't know what these dental experts tell me that the quali- My cousin has three adorable kids do for nourishment. (They are ty of the teeth you inherit is just as children. I know it's none of my from five to 11 yearsold.) important as what you eat. business but I am very upset be- Please, Ann, tell this mother that The health faddists out there are cause these kids are growing up on sugar is poison. She'll listen to you. going to let me have it for this an- junk food. I'm sure it will ruin their - Concerned in Columbia swer (where are you, Sen. Proxmire teeth and cause all kinds of health (R., Wis.?) but as a lifelong candy, problemslater in life. cookie, pie and cake-eater, I must They eat candy, cookies, cake, say I have suffered no ill effects. In Ice cream and pastries every day. If sugar was poison, I'd have been all fairness I should tell you that Their mouths are always full of dead a long time ago. I'm an incura- along with the swects I eat nourish- chewing gum. When mealtime ble sweet-eater and have been a no- ing food, exercise 30 minutes every torious dessert nut for years. morning and walk three miles a day (Maybe it's my substitute for when I'm not traveling. (P.S. My booze.) ;weight is exactly the same today as it was 35 years ago.) THE WASHINGTON POST D4 Sunday, January 4, 1978 ADVICE= Tell This Mother Dear Ann Landers: Here's a That Sugar Is Poison delicate problem. We hope you can help us settle it. Dear C: If sugar were poison, year-old boy with a very em- My husband and I play bridge Dear Ann Landers: My barrassingiproblem About a with another couple at least I'd have been dead a long time cousin has three adorable week ago, 2 me guy streaked once a week. We rarely see ago. I'm an incurable sweet- children. I know it's none of my eater and have been a notorious through the inner court at our them otherwise. The stakes are business but I am very upsee dessert nut for years. (Maybe high school during lunchtime fairly high and it isn' unusual to because these kids are growing it's my substitute for booze.) He wore a stocking mask over win (or lose) $35 in an evening. up on junk food. I'm sure it will his entire head. I went home form Velosemoreoften than we win. I'm well aware that a steady ruin their teeth and cause all- lunch that ay-and no one saw. Last week both my husband diet of candy is bad for teeth, kinds of health problems later me leave the school. Now and I saw them signaling back but my dental experts tell me in life. rumors are going around that L and forth. Once I felt a kick un- that the quality of the teeth you am the kid who streaked! der the table, intended for Mrs. They eat candy, cookies. inherit is just as important as cake, ice cream and pastries I swear it wasn't me, Ann. but X. We are convinced that this what you eat. nobody believes me except my couple has been cheating. We every day. Their mouths are always full of chewing gum. The health faddists out there best friend. People I don't even lost $40. When mealtime comes around are going to let me have it for know come up to me and start Neither my husband nor I they are never hungry because this answer (where are you, singing, 'The Streak!" How want to play bridge with this they snack on sweets con- Sen. Proxmire?) but as a can I stop these stupid rumors? couple any more, but we don't lifelong candy, cookie, pie and - Red Faced know if we should tell them cake-eater, I must say I have Ann Landers Dear Red: He who excuses why. My husband says no - I suffered no ill effects. In all himself accuses himself. When say yes. What do you say? - fairness I should tell you that you stop the denials they will Taken stantly. I don't know whatthese along with the sweets I eat stop the accusations. Dear Taken: I'm with your kids do for nourishment (They nourishing food, exercise 30 husband. Accusations would are from 5 to 11 years of age.) minutes every morning and only result in denials and hard Please, Ann, tell this mother walk three miles a day when feelings. Simply say you've that sugar is poison. She'll I'm not traveling. (P.S. My become too busy to play bridge. listen to you. -Concerned weight is exactly the same to- End the relationship on a day as it was 35 years ago.) friendly note. Dear Ann Landers: I am a 16- 1976, Field Enterprises. Source: ndustrydlocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zIk0226

Which scientist explored sugar in relation to other diseases?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

P. J. Palumbo, MD, PhD, P. J. Palumbo, MD, PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo Clinic, P. J. Palumbo

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

Which association sponsored the symposium on "Sugar in nutrition" ?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

Chicago Nutrition Association

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

who's postage at the top leftside of the envelope?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p0, lhjh0227_p1, lhjh0227_p2, lhjh0227_p3, lhjh0227_p4, lhjh0227_p5, lhjh0227_p6, lhjh0227_p7, lhjh0227_p8, lhjh0227_p9, lhjh0227_p10, lhjh0227_p11, lhjh0227_p12

Franklin D.Roosevelt

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

Which company is mentioned in the letterhead?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p2, lzlk0226_p3, lzlk0226_p4, lzlk0226_p5, lzlk0226_p6

The Great Western Sugar Company

tile THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY June 18, 1976 Mr. L. W. Tatem, Jr. President The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 Dear Bill: Larry McGhee, Director of Corporate Communications, resigned from the Company last week. I would appreciate your removing Larry's name from all Sugar Association mailing lists. I have requested Claud D. Fleet, Jr., who is in charge of corporate communications for Great Western, to assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee. Please add Claud's name to the mailing list and advise the chairman of the committee of this change. Correspondence and mailings of all kinds should be addressed to him at 716 Metrobank Building, Denver, Colorado 80202. His telephone number is 303/893-4300. I will appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. Best regards. Yours very truly, /s/ James L. Mark James L. Mark Executive Vice President bcc: C. D. Fleet, Jr. POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk022 till The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 J. W. Tatem, Jr. President June 21, 1976 Mr. James L. Mark The Great Western Sugar Company P.O. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of June 18 advising us that Larry McGhee has resigned from The Great Western Sugar Company. Also that Claud D. Fleet, Jr. will assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee as well as being placed on the mailing lists. At the same time, I would like to give you belated congratulations on assuming the position of Executive Vice President of Great Western. I know you will do a fine job and if there is anything that we can assist you in, please do not hesitate to let us know. Looking forward to our continued fine relationship, I remain, Sincerely, President Bush JWT: drb XCC- Cloudt D. Heet. Jr 6-24-76 Telephone: Area Code 202/628-0189 Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 Editorial " at the company trough" or "Public trough!" A paper entitled "Feeding at the to where it could be spent. Ideally, Company Trough," co-authored by that might be fine, but it isn't terri- Rep. Rosenthal (D-NY) and Mike bly likely. One of the major reasons Jacobson (Center of Science in the that companies tie in with university Public Interest), accuses a number personnel is to avoid expensive of well-known food science acad- duplication of facilities - if a uni- emicians of using corporate ties - versity center has the equipment, it Unless a student enters college and letting corporate ties use them. saves the company from equipping specifically to become a consumer Some of the statements in the re- a corporate lab for a small project. advocate, the student will probably port approach libel: "Some profes- If companies have to always pro- sors who moonlight for industry, need research projects and/or an vide total facilities, prices of foods industry internship in order to cover such as Stare and Clydesdale, de- will simply rise a little more. That some of the costs of going to col- fend industry and attack consumer includes any food that Jacobson lege. The day when the majority of activities so vehemently that they eats, too. parents would hand junior a check have become known as food indus- CSPI advocates that the money for $10,000 and tell him to go get a try apologists. It is difficult to know from companies for research be college education is about gone. the extent to which their philoso- "laundered"-a that one of the That money just won't cover costs phies have been molded by corp- cleaning agents be a group includ- - and the amount required for ed- orate grants and honoraria. But an ing consumerists and non-affiliated ucation continues to skyrocket. In- even more serious consequence scientists. They would use a "small dustry recognizes this-and be- than creating a professional advo- amount of money" to develop cri- cause industry will need the gradu- cate is the gag-effect of company teria for who gets the grants and ates, it's been supportive of univer- money." who doesn't. They do not define sities in a variety of ways. Sure, in- CSPI has taken on the appear- "small amount" however, and 1 dustry wants to have a finger in the ance of a quasi-legal body. Their don't think we would all define curriculum. But that input is needed interest in where universities get "small amount" exactly the same their research money brings up the to help make sure that those grads way. interesting question of where CSPI are really prepared to become con- Anyhow, the CSPI appears to tributing members of the industrial gets theirs. But even more interest- want the universities to turn out community. ing than where their financing more advocates than scientists. comes from is the question of how Never thought l'd see the day they got the information for their Without industry assistance and co- when I would echo the Great report on academicians and cor- operation, the universities will turn Mayor of our Great City of Chi- out more and more ill-prepared sci- porate funds. It appears certain that cago, but: "what trees do they they had very good assistance from entists, which means longer train- plant?" How many job openings for Representative Rosenthal. In fact, ing on the job - and higher costs. consumerists are there, anyway? the request for the information from Industry needs the facilities and And who appointed CSPI to repre- the professors appeared on Rosen- brainpower of the academic com- sent you and me? thal's office letterhead - and cer- munity to help find the information tainly looked pretty official. In fact, required as a result of the consum- at least one of the professors made erists' demands for such things as a quick trip to his lawyer before nutritional information, ways of han- From Bethhuw answering the form. dling effluents, etc. And the univer- The Center apparently would like sities need the industry's input too, to see companies shell out money just as they need the jobs supplied for research without any controls as by industry for their graduates. 10 CANNER/PACKER 10/76 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 FOOD ENGINEERING OCTOBER 1976 What to do about Washington and its letters by Stephanie Crocco, Ph.D. questioning the ethics of others. Rosenthal did not make a FE Midwest Editor They have not proved their request for such an inquiry of case. They have not reported on the General Accounting Office how the universities handle or other investigatory body. After having read the ar- grants-in-aid. And Jacobson, Instead, he used Congres- ticle on page 38, you should be for one, knows full well that the sional position for the purpose equipped to answer the follow- students-who often do the ac- of gathering information which ing question: tual research-are seldom privy for the most part already ex- When you get an unsolicited in- to the sources of income. listed. In fact, 2 savvy food edi- quiry from Congress, you: For Jacobson to imply that tors on the Eastern front point :throw it in the wastebasket student research is con- out that although worthy of mount it for use as a dart taminated by industrial sources comment, the survey wasn't board of support is for Jacobson to really "hard news." reply that you are thinking cast question on any research Positive Reaction of running for Congress he, himself did as a student. request the Congress- The R-J paper contends There is some good which person's tax returns for that a money source dictates can come from the R-J paper. years since 1970. professional actions. The au- As one publicized professor Now obviously, none of the thors have conveniently over- said, "This ought to give each of above choices is exactly public- looked the fact that universities us a reason to examine our spirited. However, one of these receive governmental support. consciences-and see what we options (the wastebasket) was Often, the government is in an are doing." offered by many of the profes- adversary position to industry. After such an exercise, sors who made the Rosenthal- Are legal positions of govern- many professors should be in a Jacobson corporate-connec- ment, backed by university re- position to take even stronger tions list. search, to be questioned-be- stands than they are now doing. There is a possibility that cause government has paid the Some who feel they have been the questionable tactics of bill for studies? Rosenthal-Ja- maligned can take steps to Rosenthal and Jacobson might cobson logic seems to dictate clear the record. cause many highly-educated, that that is the case. But motivated men and women into The General Accounting Inquiries from Congress a reluctant non-cooperation Office is part of the Congres- can and should be answered. with Congress. sional research system. Con- This (hopefully) gives knowl- This, of course, is troubling gress controls funds for its own edgeable people an opportunity at a time when some members research agencies. Should GAO for reasoned input at a time of Congress are looking at food and allied agency reports be when reasoned input is critical. and food-related issues. examined for pro-Congression- From discussions with the If Congress is ever to be al bias? "Rosenthal-Jacobson profes- educated about food-edt sors," it seems that the follow- cated as to both fact and delu- Negative Reaction ing is at least one course of ac- sion-this is no time for produc- Rosenthal was not totally tion: tive scientists to cop out. honest with his correspondants. 1. When Washington Blatherskites on the Potomac He offered no explanations; he writes, assume that the inquiry informed no correspondents is legitimate. The past few months have that he was collaborating with 2. Thank the Congress- seen the scientific community Jacobson (who has a dubious man for the opportunity to com- get a number of jolts. But none reputation among many scien- ment. Ask the who's, what's, has yet been the major quake tists); he gave no indication that why's, when's and where's. (Ask that will drive them, en masse, those who responded to in- for a reply by return mail. This out of their labs and into the quiries would have their integri- will give you an opportunity to streets for protest demonstra- ty impugned by a man cloaked register a protest about the mail tions. with Congressional immunity. system.) The R-J paper probably inevitably, some will cite 3. Prepare your response. won't be the straw that breaks Rosenthal's techniques as suf- Then, when the inquiring Con- backs either. It is just one more ficient reason to consider public gressman responds to your in- attack. servants as being of curious quiry, you can quickly respond Unfortunately, each new at- credibility. With that as a prem- to the Congressman's inquiry. tack is just absorbed; a few ise, non-cooperation could be- 5. Send carbons of all cor- more professionals become come an attitude. The losers will respondence to your own Con- disenchanted; a few more politi- be the people-not Rosenthal gressman. clans are perceived as dema- and Jacobson. Non-cooperation Failure to respond to legiti- gogues; and a few more by competent scientists would mate Congressional questions pseudo-professionals are thus leave the field to the Rosenthals only makes the situation worse. given leave to perform even and the Jacobsons. The citizen is the supreme per- more effectively in the resultant Tha possibility of conflict of son in this country. Congress- informational vacuum. interest-as pointed out in sev- persons work for you; they are Conflict of interest is a eral professorial answers to the your hirelings. Their pay centers serious charge involving an in- Rosenthal letters, is a germane on the public interest-not on dividual's ethics. Rosenthal and and proper inquiry. the Center for Science in the Jacobson are now on record as As such it is curious that Public interest. Circle 32 on Inquiry Card Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 41 2-D THE MIAMI HERALD Saturday, January 3, 1976 ANN Ann Has Sweet Tooth and LANDERS Says Sugar's OK DEAR ANN: comes around they are never hun- I'm well aware that a steady diet gry because they snack on sweets of candy is bad for teeth, but my constantly. I don't know what these dental experts tell me that the quali- My cousin has three adorable kids do for nourishment. (They are ty of the teeth you inherit is just as children. I know it's none of my from five to 11 yearsold.) important as what you eat. business but I am very upset be- Please, Ann, tell this mother that The health faddists out there are cause these kids are growing up on sugar is poison. She'll listen to you. going to let me have it for this an- junk food. I'm sure it will ruin their - Concerned in Columbia swer (where are you, Sen. Proxmire teeth and cause all kinds of health (R., Wis.?) but as a lifelong candy, problemslater in life. cookie, pie and cake-eater, I must They eat candy, cookies, cake, say I have suffered no ill effects. In Ice cream and pastries every day. If sugar was poison, I'd have been all fairness I should tell you that Their mouths are always full of dead a long time ago. I'm an incura- along with the swects I eat nourish- chewing gum. When mealtime ble sweet-eater and have been a no- ing food, exercise 30 minutes every torious dessert nut for years. morning and walk three miles a day (Maybe it's my substitute for when I'm not traveling. (P.S. My booze.) ;weight is exactly the same today as it was 35 years ago.) THE WASHINGTON POST D4 Sunday, January 4, 1978 ADVICE= Tell This Mother Dear Ann Landers: Here's a That Sugar Is Poison delicate problem. We hope you can help us settle it. Dear C: If sugar were poison, year-old boy with a very em- My husband and I play bridge Dear Ann Landers: My barrassingiproblem About a with another couple at least I'd have been dead a long time cousin has three adorable week ago, 2 me guy streaked once a week. We rarely see ago. I'm an incurable sweet- children. I know it's none of my eater and have been a notorious through the inner court at our them otherwise. The stakes are business but I am very upsee dessert nut for years. (Maybe high school during lunchtime fairly high and it isn' unusual to because these kids are growing it's my substitute for booze.) He wore a stocking mask over win (or lose) $35 in an evening. up on junk food. I'm sure it will his entire head. I went home form Velosemoreoften than we win. I'm well aware that a steady ruin their teeth and cause all- lunch that ay-and no one saw. Last week both my husband diet of candy is bad for teeth, kinds of health problems later me leave the school. Now and I saw them signaling back but my dental experts tell me in life. rumors are going around that L and forth. Once I felt a kick un- that the quality of the teeth you am the kid who streaked! der the table, intended for Mrs. They eat candy, cookies. inherit is just as important as cake, ice cream and pastries I swear it wasn't me, Ann. but X. We are convinced that this what you eat. nobody believes me except my couple has been cheating. We every day. Their mouths are always full of chewing gum. The health faddists out there best friend. People I don't even lost $40. When mealtime comes around are going to let me have it for know come up to me and start Neither my husband nor I they are never hungry because this answer (where are you, singing, 'The Streak!" How want to play bridge with this they snack on sweets con- Sen. Proxmire?) but as a can I stop these stupid rumors? couple any more, but we don't lifelong candy, cookie, pie and - Red Faced know if we should tell them cake-eater, I must say I have Ann Landers Dear Red: He who excuses why. My husband says no - I suffered no ill effects. In all himself accuses himself. When say yes. What do you say? - fairness I should tell you that you stop the denials they will Taken stantly. I don't know whatthese along with the sweets I eat stop the accusations. Dear Taken: I'm with your kids do for nourishment (They nourishing food, exercise 30 husband. Accusations would are from 5 to 11 years of age.) minutes every morning and only result in denials and hard Please, Ann, tell this mother walk three miles a day when feelings. Simply say you've that sugar is poison. She'll I'm not traveling. (P.S. My become too busy to play bridge. listen to you. -Concerned weight is exactly the same to- End the relationship on a day as it was 35 years ago.) friendly note. Dear Ann Landers: I am a 16- 1976, Field Enterprises. Source: ndustrydlocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zIk0226

Whose name is mentioned in the postal address?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p0, lhjh0227_p1, lhjh0227_p2, lhjh0227_p3, lhjh0227_p4, lhjh0227_p5, lhjh0227_p6, lhjh0227_p7, lhjh0227_p8, lhjh0227_p9, lhjh0227_p10, lhjh0227_p11, lhjh0227_p12

Mr. Robert R. Owen

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

Who is the director of public affairs for the American Dietetic Association?

jrlk0226

jrlk0226_p0, jrlk0226_p1, jrlk0226_p2, jrlk0226_p3, jrlk0226_p4

Mrs. Betty Wedman

10- Section 6 Thursday, January 29, 1976 THE HERALD . Wheeling Ill. Sugar- is it a poison or a sweet, harmless food? "PALATABILITY IS important and by BARBARA LADD a high carbohydrate diet is just not A new war has developed on the Scientists pooh-pooh good to eat," he said. "Now, there are it food front - a sugar war. Scientists crazy people who eat a box of candy make up one side, health faddists the by themselves, but I'm. talking about other and consumers provide the bat- tleground. 6. controversy, but debate the normal, run-of-the-mill person." He also said sugar is an absolute The faddists maintain that sugar is in medical field ensues necessity for post-operative patients a poison that is killing Americans via and other sick persons. Sugar is heart attacks, diabetes, hypoglycemia used by the brain as energy. If that and cancer. Sugar is rotting children's energy is not present in the blood, oth- teeth. And, they say, the consumption er organs in the body are seeped of or sugar 15 increasing at dangerously Evidence presented at the seminar Dr. Palumbo said that reports com- their energy so that the brain may high rates. tended to substantiate Tatem's state- paring the sugar consumption of co- function. Convulsions, heart attacks With a few exceptions, the scientific ments. ronary patients and healthy people and other complications can occur. On community is whispering a qualitied have consistently failed to provide a lesser level, normal people on a low As a backdrop to the speeches, it "bunk." At least that's what they and evidence for a difference in sugar in- carbohydrate diet experience head- was established that the per capita' their supporters said at a recent semi- take between the two groups. aches, dizziness and fainting spells. consumption of sugar has remained nar sponsored by the Chicago Nutri- relatively stable for the last four or He cited cholesterol and fats as a "If we are to fear sugar, we might tion Association in Chicago. five decades, leveling at around 100 concern for heart disease - not sug- as well close up our hospitals," Pa- "I DON'T THINK people need to be pounds per person. These figures ar. However, he and his colleagues at lumbo said. "Moderation is the key, concerned about sugar," said Dr. P, were obtained from the U. S. Dept. of Mayo conducted a physiological study not exclusion." J. Palumbo, a researcher at Mayo Agriculture. in which they determined that other Food faddists also maintain that Clinic in Rochester, Minn. "I think IN VIEW OF THE stable con- fatty components in the blood do rise, high sugar diets lead to diabetes. the fear is a little ovérdone." sumption tigures, it was pointed out but only if patients weighing an aver- "But there's not a damn bit of evi- that, tnougn heart disease' has in- age of 150 pounds eat about four Of course, representatives from the dence supporting this," he said. creased, the increase has occurred grams of sugar a day (which is about sugar ind'istry and other food com- "Overweight, yes. Sugar, no." panies agreed. "We believe sugar to during a time sugar consumption has 200 pounds of sugar a year). be absolutely safe," said John W. Ta- not. That alone makes the sugar- "But most people won't eat 200 tem, president of the Sugar Associ- causes-heart-disease theory a bit pounds of sugar in a year," he said. ation. Then he immediately qualified dubious. During his study Dr. Palumbo said himself: "Its vulnerability is in the he had to force-ffed four grams of area of (dental) caries (cavities)."* sugar daily to that group of individ- uals. Continued. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Dr. Bowen said eating a caramel is like having 200 pounds of sugar in your systemin a year. It is six times worse for your teeth than regular HE SAID THAT the highly touted food. increase in diabetes in the United THE PROBLEM, he said, is not States is largely due to better screen- necessarily one of amount - the per ing programs, which discover diabet- capita consumption has not risen for ics in early stages of the disease. decades. The problem is the "frequen- Dr. Palumbo, who advocates treat- cy of eating" - we have developed ing patients with diet instead of medi- into a nation of nibblers. Instead of cation whenever. possible, said, "The giving the decay microorganisms a truth about sugar seems to lie be- chance to react to sugar three times a tween the extremes." day (at meals only) we eat six or more times a day. And almost all He didn't regard dental caries as a particular problem. But another doctor disagreed. Dr. foods, from fruit to meat, contain sug- William Bowen, National Institute of .ar, he said. Dental Research in Maryland. gaid One of Bowen's studies showed that dental caries affect 95 per cent of this population. people are nibbling up to 12 times a day. "And everytime you put food "DÉNTAL CARIES IS a disease into the mouth you lower the acid lev- a painful disease and an unsightly dis- el and give decay a chance to start," ease," he said. "It's not genetic and he said. you're not born with it. Despite what e you hear, sugar is involved." Floride is a very effective measure against dental caries, he said. With Bowen explained that everytime the combination of non-snacking diets sugar enters the mouth, a chemical and floride, dental caries can be re- reaction occurs which makes the duced by 80 per cent in this country. mouth more acid than when no food is Figures from various studies substanv present. At a particular acid level the tiated his statement. enamel of the teeth is "attacked," by So it appears sugar is not an entire- microorganisms in the mouth he said. ly blameless substance but that it is And this leads to decay if continued not the poison many faddists think it over long periods of time. is. Some sugars âre worse than others Dr. Palumbo suggested these guide- because of the length of time they lines: for a daily diet, 45 to 50 per stay in the mouth. For example; ce- cent / carbohydrate (which includes reals are only in the mouth a short poos simple sugars); 35 per cent fat (the time and the fiber from the cereals average American is now eating takes the simple sugars with it. But about 50 per cent fats in his diet); and with caramel and taffy it's a different 20 per cent protein. story. He ánd others stressed sensible weight control and moderation. It is OT. calories and fats we need to watch, said Palumbo. Not sugar. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 Some praise, brickbats fly at-sugar By Fran Zell a year] was a safe level in normal She called for more effective nutrient Sugar assists the plaque on teeth to weight adults: labeling that would list the percentage form acid which, in turn, attacks the SUGAR IS NOT the all-consuming evil A higher sugar intake did increase of added sugar. in processed foods in tooth, he said. Fluoridated drinking its critics claim, but an overabundance triglyceride, but not cholesterol levels, order to help consumers make wise de- water helps decrease this action, but is can lead to dental caries, obesity, and he said. [Triglycerides are fat particles cisions. not enough in itself, he said. according to one theory, an increase in in the blood.] Among those who would benefit from As we have changed from a meal-eat- body triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Dr. Palumbo further stated that the such labeling are diabetics, parents pay- ing to snacking society, frequency of So said speakers at a symposium spon- increase in adult onset diabetes proba- ing huge sums of money for dental bills, sugar intake has increased, Dr. Bowen sored by the Chicago Nutrition Associa- bly is related to improved diagnostic said. He condemned soft drinks and and cardiovascular patients, she said. tion in January. techniques, not sugar consumption. [Mrs. Wedman subscribes to studies items such as chewing gum that afford J. W. Tatem, Jr., president of Sugar On the other side of the coin, Chicago conducted at Harvard and Columbia a continual slow release mechanism for Association, Inc.) praised sugar for its Universities that proved, unlike the sugar. nutritionist Betty Wedman pointed out relatively inexpensive high energy val- that most consumers need more nutri- Mayo studies, that concentrated sources ue, its ability to improve the palatability tion education and product information of sugar do increase triglyceride and of other foods, and to act as a preserva- before they can decide how much sugar cholesterol levels.] FEB 5 1976 tive. is "too much. The quantity of sugar "Sugar is not an 'empty calorie' since He insisted that annual per capita tolerated is an individual matter based it does provide carbohydrates, an essen- CHICAGO TRIBUNE consumption has remained unchanged on age, sex, body structure and activity, tial nutrient," Mrs. Wedman explained. CHICAGO, ILL. for about 50 years at around 100 pounds, lifestyle, and medical assessment of die- "But wheat products provide a much (m) 834,000 (S) 1,179,000 He also denied any link between sugar tary restrictions, she said. higher nutrient density per calorie at and diabetes or heart disease. less cost than sugar," she said. MRS. WEDMAN SAID that dieters [and DR. P. J. PALUMBO, Mayo Clinic 30 per cent of the American population ANOTHER SPEAKER, William H. researcher, substantiated this opinoion is overweight] cannot afford the calories Bowen, Ph.D, of the National Institute by referring to Mayo studies which in many processed foods containing sug- of Dental Researh, noted that it is the showed that a sugar intake of 2 grams ar if they are to get their recommended frequency rather than total amount of per kilogram of body weight per day daily allowance of other nutrients and sugar intake that is related to dental (which amounts to 100 pounds of sugar semain on a low-calorie diet. caries. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226 126 ADVERTISING AGE, FEBRUARY 23, 1976 Advertising Age, February 23, 1974 or less virtuous, the delivery is from European agencies and voice of the advertiser absolutely misleading. If that's the cipals. At a recent food show !e kind of analysis Phillips is wont to Cologne, Germany, several peop's engage in, then perhaps its profit commented to me that this service THIS DEPARTMENT IS A READER'S FORUM. LETTERS ARE WELCOME reports should be scrutinized by was very helpful. an agency with more know-how There are some slight variation or would it be "honesty"? in converting inch dimensions : Liberty Insurance ad incurred wrath; public suffers have threatened to build her a W. Hayward Johnson III, centimeters, but nothing that car. three-screen console like the ones Chicago. when laymen inject scientific data into ads not be provided for. Mr. Black it used in tv studios, but if you can correct; we must look ahcad. To the Editor: We were amazed ment in the text was so obviously find me one on the market, we Timothy F. Murphy, to read that William Tyler had false and gross that the company are ahead of the game. Publisher, Telefood Magazine, named Liberty National Life In- (has issued a public retraction and Sheldon Wesson, PACESETTER Hinsdalc, Ill. surance Co. to his 1975 "Top 10" 'admitted the statement was in- Advertising Manager, Nation- I list for print ad campaigns (AA, ,correct. al Enquirer, Lantana, Fla. Jan. 19, P. 38). It is the public who, suffers AA story spurs deluge One regional ad run by Liberty when laymen altempt to play au- National, in commenting on su- World income claim in of mail to publisher thority in scientific matters. To the Editor: We'vc 1. gar, was so inaccurate that it ell- J. W. Tatem Jr., Phillips ad misleading cited the wrath of many in the President, The Sugar Assn. swamped with letters and phen To the Editor: The headline of medical community. One state- Inc., Washington, D.C. calls since your report (AA, Jas your article, "Phillips says public 5, P. 46) of the publisher's mom liked newsboy spot, plans reruns" in Electronic Design hearled "IT. RCA gave three-screen place" (P. 41) has been done, (AA, Dec. 29, P. 35) reaffirms Should Never Commit This though not in the same way. The television a trial run my conviction that the general of Judgment," telling the story + RCA Model 2000 set, produced in public is. either too busy or too top brand's demise after it storped To the Editor: The three-screen limited edition a few years ago dim-witted to sort the wheat from advertising. tv in your Feb. 2 "Idca Market- for $2,000 a toss, had three screens the chaff .when it comes to adver- Response literally has brea -one large and two small. tising, and that, to a large degree, overwhelming (Electronic Drtn The idca of having the two the point of an agency-client re- received 1,500,000 inquiries fun small monitors in the remote con- lationship is to perpetuate that FREE TRADE UNTIR its readers last year). Reprints + trol unit is a further refinement, ambivalence. the publisher's memo are and certainly feasible. There has "Johnny makes. more money available to all who asked for , been a small portable on the mar- [delivering newspapers] than 50% copy after the supply ran out ket with postage-stamp-size screen of the people in the world," claims Them thar hills are Paut Hogue, currently (about as I recall). the ad. No mention is made of the Advertising and Promotion Straight Narration But the depth of the unit would fact that a very large part of all nowhere to be found Manager, Hayden Publishing SLIM have to be more than the ciga- the people in the world do not To the Editor: Should this be Co., Rochelle Park, N.J. THROUGH SLEEP ret-pack, hand-held deal to ac- need to make moncy-infants, nominated for the ultimate in commodate the picture-tube gun. pre-schoolers, retired persons and 'Ads We Can Do Without" or for Plan Book Rising birth rate not TV Commercial My wife does so much channel- people who. live in societics that a brandspanking new award to be (Thenks Daniels & Mafthew Advig., hopping, and often watches two are not dependent upon an over- presented to the perpetrator of something to celebrate Westport, Conn.) Contact: will Jordan late-hight horror movies simul- whelming economic system. "The Weirdest Fanfasy on Rec- To the Editor: Is it th. (212) 265-1652 taneously, We have two sets, but The figure is meaningless and, ord?" I'm still trying to decide. Sulte 10P, 435 w. 571h St. N.Y. 10019 of ADVERTISINO AGR that 1.1 only one has an car-plug jack. I though the spirit of the ad is more The subject, ski clothes, are un- the declining birth rate 1, - objectionable enough, I guess, but able ("Birth rate is 1...... the hills are something else again. DDB reports." Jan. 20, l' Literally. I want to shy here and Let's face it, a rising 11% now that you hardly ever find will lead to more pollité hills like the ones In the ad around urban sprawl, more entro on this part of Pennsylvania! and much greater Ned Irish, natural resoutees of Partner, Crealive Partners, including food. The ... :York, Pa. our probleins tuday 1e firm. 11 the 11th une 11 source: seification Conference speakers debate role of sugar in American diet Chicago-At a recent symposium on tween the frequency of sugar intake and "unproven," although obesity is a risk Mr. Tatem said the state of nutrition "Sugar in nutrition" sponsored by the the incidence of caries," said Dr. Bowen. factor in this disease. The onset for ju- education in the United States is "de- Chicago Nutrition Association, speak- He noted that there is "little doubt" that venile diabetes has remained stable for plorable" and that quacks and unqual- ers from various fields agreed that sugar the incidence of caries would decline 25 years, he said, and any increase in ified persons have established them- is an important factor in causing dental dramatically if the general population adult onset diabetes is probably related selves as authorities through the media. caries, but disagreed about its role in the would reduce the intake of fermentable to improved diagnostic techniques. He challenged the professionals in the American diet. carbohydrates. He concluded by say- "The daily consumption of two grams audience to respond to the "over- All of the speakers supported im- ing that while a reduction in the intake of sugar per kilogram of body weight whelming mass of pseudoscientific mis- proved nutrition education, including of sugar should continue to be advo- (approximately 100 lbs, per year) is ap- information concerning nutrition being moderate use of sugar, but failed to de- cated and practiced, water fluoridation parently a safe level in normal weight dispensed daily by the opportunists." fine moderation. is the safest and most effective public individuals," Dr. Palumbo said. "Per capita consumption of sugar has Frequency of sugar intake is the "most health measure to control dental decay. Two speakers from industry, John W. remained stable over the last 50 years," important" factor causing tooth decay, Sugar in relation to other diseases Tatem, Jr., president of the Sugar Assoc- Mr. Tatem added, "and therefore can- according to William A.. Bowen, PhD, was explored by P. J. Palumbo, MD, iation, and Gary E. Costly, PhD, vice- not be blamed for an increase in the rate acting chief of the Caries Prevention PhD, a research scientist at the Mayo president for public affairs of the Kellogg of certain diseases." and Research Branch of the National Clinic. He pointed out that the claim Company, focused on the need for Dr. Costly pointed out that it is Kel- Institute of Dental Research. that sugar consumption is associated more consumer education about nutri- logg's policy to educate consumers "There is a positive correlation be- with an increased rate for diabetes is tion, particularly sugar intake. about nutrition and that all advertise- ments must be approved by a profes- sional nutritionist to avoid false or mis- leading claims. He spoke at some length about cereals, and said that it is Kel- : logg's policy to restore essential nutri- ents to their original level in processed ADA N ews foods and to add nutrients when desir- able, based on technical feasibility and eating habits. In comparing a corn cereal and its presweetened counterpart, Dr. Costly showed that in most categories the pre- American Dental Association News / February 9, , 1976 sweetened cereal provided the same or only slightly less nutritional value. The program concluded with another plea for effective nutrition education by Mrs. Betty Wedman, director of pub- lic affairs for the American Dietetie-AS- sociation. She said that sugar consump- tion is an individual matter based on a person's sex, age, body structure, activ- ity level, and medical assessment of die- tary restrictions. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jrlk0226

What is the date mentioned in the letter?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p2, lzlk0226_p3, lzlk0226_p4, lzlk0226_p5, lzlk0226_p6

June 18, 1976

tile THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY June 18, 1976 Mr. L. W. Tatem, Jr. President The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 Dear Bill: Larry McGhee, Director of Corporate Communications, resigned from the Company last week. I would appreciate your removing Larry's name from all Sugar Association mailing lists. I have requested Claud D. Fleet, Jr., who is in charge of corporate communications for Great Western, to assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee. Please add Claud's name to the mailing list and advise the chairman of the committee of this change. Correspondence and mailings of all kinds should be addressed to him at 716 Metrobank Building, Denver, Colorado 80202. His telephone number is 303/893-4300. I will appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. Best regards. Yours very truly, /s/ James L. Mark James L. Mark Executive Vice President bcc: C. D. Fleet, Jr. POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk022 till The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 J. W. Tatem, Jr. President June 21, 1976 Mr. James L. Mark The Great Western Sugar Company P.O. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of June 18 advising us that Larry McGhee has resigned from The Great Western Sugar Company. Also that Claud D. Fleet, Jr. will assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee as well as being placed on the mailing lists. At the same time, I would like to give you belated congratulations on assuming the position of Executive Vice President of Great Western. I know you will do a fine job and if there is anything that we can assist you in, please do not hesitate to let us know. Looking forward to our continued fine relationship, I remain, Sincerely, President Bush JWT: drb XCC- Cloudt D. Heet. Jr 6-24-76 Telephone: Area Code 202/628-0189 Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 Editorial " at the company trough" or "Public trough!" A paper entitled "Feeding at the to where it could be spent. Ideally, Company Trough," co-authored by that might be fine, but it isn't terri- Rep. Rosenthal (D-NY) and Mike bly likely. One of the major reasons Jacobson (Center of Science in the that companies tie in with university Public Interest), accuses a number personnel is to avoid expensive of well-known food science acad- duplication of facilities - if a uni- emicians of using corporate ties - versity center has the equipment, it Unless a student enters college and letting corporate ties use them. saves the company from equipping specifically to become a consumer Some of the statements in the re- a corporate lab for a small project. advocate, the student will probably port approach libel: "Some profes- If companies have to always pro- sors who moonlight for industry, need research projects and/or an vide total facilities, prices of foods industry internship in order to cover such as Stare and Clydesdale, de- will simply rise a little more. That some of the costs of going to col- fend industry and attack consumer includes any food that Jacobson lege. The day when the majority of activities so vehemently that they eats, too. parents would hand junior a check have become known as food indus- CSPI advocates that the money for $10,000 and tell him to go get a try apologists. It is difficult to know from companies for research be college education is about gone. the extent to which their philoso- "laundered"-a that one of the That money just won't cover costs phies have been molded by corp- cleaning agents be a group includ- - and the amount required for ed- orate grants and honoraria. But an ing consumerists and non-affiliated ucation continues to skyrocket. In- even more serious consequence scientists. They would use a "small dustry recognizes this-and be- than creating a professional advo- amount of money" to develop cri- cause industry will need the gradu- cate is the gag-effect of company teria for who gets the grants and ates, it's been supportive of univer- money." who doesn't. They do not define sities in a variety of ways. Sure, in- CSPI has taken on the appear- "small amount" however, and 1 dustry wants to have a finger in the ance of a quasi-legal body. Their don't think we would all define curriculum. But that input is needed interest in where universities get "small amount" exactly the same their research money brings up the to help make sure that those grads way. interesting question of where CSPI are really prepared to become con- Anyhow, the CSPI appears to tributing members of the industrial gets theirs. But even more interest- want the universities to turn out community. ing than where their financing more advocates than scientists. comes from is the question of how Never thought l'd see the day they got the information for their Without industry assistance and co- when I would echo the Great report on academicians and cor- operation, the universities will turn Mayor of our Great City of Chi- out more and more ill-prepared sci- porate funds. It appears certain that cago, but: "what trees do they they had very good assistance from entists, which means longer train- plant?" How many job openings for Representative Rosenthal. In fact, ing on the job - and higher costs. consumerists are there, anyway? the request for the information from Industry needs the facilities and And who appointed CSPI to repre- the professors appeared on Rosen- brainpower of the academic com- sent you and me? thal's office letterhead - and cer- munity to help find the information tainly looked pretty official. In fact, required as a result of the consum- at least one of the professors made erists' demands for such things as a quick trip to his lawyer before nutritional information, ways of han- From Bethhuw answering the form. dling effluents, etc. And the univer- The Center apparently would like sities need the industry's input too, to see companies shell out money just as they need the jobs supplied for research without any controls as by industry for their graduates. 10 CANNER/PACKER 10/76 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 FOOD ENGINEERING OCTOBER 1976 What to do about Washington and its letters by Stephanie Crocco, Ph.D. questioning the ethics of others. Rosenthal did not make a FE Midwest Editor They have not proved their request for such an inquiry of case. They have not reported on the General Accounting Office how the universities handle or other investigatory body. After having read the ar- grants-in-aid. And Jacobson, Instead, he used Congres- ticle on page 38, you should be for one, knows full well that the sional position for the purpose equipped to answer the follow- students-who often do the ac- of gathering information which ing question: tual research-are seldom privy for the most part already ex- When you get an unsolicited in- to the sources of income. listed. In fact, 2 savvy food edi- quiry from Congress, you: For Jacobson to imply that tors on the Eastern front point :throw it in the wastebasket student research is con- out that although worthy of mount it for use as a dart taminated by industrial sources comment, the survey wasn't board of support is for Jacobson to really "hard news." reply that you are thinking cast question on any research Positive Reaction of running for Congress he, himself did as a student. request the Congress- The R-J paper contends There is some good which person's tax returns for that a money source dictates can come from the R-J paper. years since 1970. professional actions. The au- As one publicized professor Now obviously, none of the thors have conveniently over- said, "This ought to give each of above choices is exactly public- looked the fact that universities us a reason to examine our spirited. However, one of these receive governmental support. consciences-and see what we options (the wastebasket) was Often, the government is in an are doing." offered by many of the profes- adversary position to industry. After such an exercise, sors who made the Rosenthal- Are legal positions of govern- many professors should be in a Jacobson corporate-connec- ment, backed by university re- position to take even stronger tions list. search, to be questioned-be- stands than they are now doing. There is a possibility that cause government has paid the Some who feel they have been the questionable tactics of bill for studies? Rosenthal-Ja- maligned can take steps to Rosenthal and Jacobson might cobson logic seems to dictate clear the record. cause many highly-educated, that that is the case. But motivated men and women into The General Accounting Inquiries from Congress a reluctant non-cooperation Office is part of the Congres- can and should be answered. with Congress. sional research system. Con- This (hopefully) gives knowl- This, of course, is troubling gress controls funds for its own edgeable people an opportunity at a time when some members research agencies. Should GAO for reasoned input at a time of Congress are looking at food and allied agency reports be when reasoned input is critical. and food-related issues. examined for pro-Congression- From discussions with the If Congress is ever to be al bias? "Rosenthal-Jacobson profes- educated about food-edt sors," it seems that the follow- cated as to both fact and delu- Negative Reaction ing is at least one course of ac- sion-this is no time for produc- Rosenthal was not totally tion: tive scientists to cop out. honest with his correspondants. 1. When Washington Blatherskites on the Potomac He offered no explanations; he writes, assume that the inquiry informed no correspondents is legitimate. The past few months have that he was collaborating with 2. Thank the Congress- seen the scientific community Jacobson (who has a dubious man for the opportunity to com- get a number of jolts. But none reputation among many scien- ment. Ask the who's, what's, has yet been the major quake tists); he gave no indication that why's, when's and where's. (Ask that will drive them, en masse, those who responded to in- for a reply by return mail. This out of their labs and into the quiries would have their integri- will give you an opportunity to streets for protest demonstra- ty impugned by a man cloaked register a protest about the mail tions. with Congressional immunity. system.) The R-J paper probably inevitably, some will cite 3. Prepare your response. won't be the straw that breaks Rosenthal's techniques as suf- Then, when the inquiring Con- backs either. It is just one more ficient reason to consider public gressman responds to your in- attack. servants as being of curious quiry, you can quickly respond Unfortunately, each new at- credibility. With that as a prem- to the Congressman's inquiry. tack is just absorbed; a few ise, non-cooperation could be- 5. Send carbons of all cor- more professionals become come an attitude. The losers will respondence to your own Con- disenchanted; a few more politi- be the people-not Rosenthal gressman. clans are perceived as dema- and Jacobson. Non-cooperation Failure to respond to legiti- gogues; and a few more by competent scientists would mate Congressional questions pseudo-professionals are thus leave the field to the Rosenthals only makes the situation worse. given leave to perform even and the Jacobsons. The citizen is the supreme per- more effectively in the resultant Tha possibility of conflict of son in this country. Congress- informational vacuum. interest-as pointed out in sev- persons work for you; they are Conflict of interest is a eral professorial answers to the your hirelings. Their pay centers serious charge involving an in- Rosenthal letters, is a germane on the public interest-not on dividual's ethics. Rosenthal and and proper inquiry. the Center for Science in the Jacobson are now on record as As such it is curious that Public interest. Circle 32 on Inquiry Card Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 41 2-D THE MIAMI HERALD Saturday, January 3, 1976 ANN Ann Has Sweet Tooth and LANDERS Says Sugar's OK DEAR ANN: comes around they are never hun- I'm well aware that a steady diet gry because they snack on sweets of candy is bad for teeth, but my constantly. I don't know what these dental experts tell me that the quali- My cousin has three adorable kids do for nourishment. (They are ty of the teeth you inherit is just as children. I know it's none of my from five to 11 yearsold.) important as what you eat. business but I am very upset be- Please, Ann, tell this mother that The health faddists out there are cause these kids are growing up on sugar is poison. She'll listen to you. going to let me have it for this an- junk food. I'm sure it will ruin their - Concerned in Columbia swer (where are you, Sen. Proxmire teeth and cause all kinds of health (R., Wis.?) but as a lifelong candy, problemslater in life. cookie, pie and cake-eater, I must They eat candy, cookies, cake, say I have suffered no ill effects. In Ice cream and pastries every day. If sugar was poison, I'd have been all fairness I should tell you that Their mouths are always full of dead a long time ago. I'm an incura- along with the swects I eat nourish- chewing gum. When mealtime ble sweet-eater and have been a no- ing food, exercise 30 minutes every torious dessert nut for years. morning and walk three miles a day (Maybe it's my substitute for when I'm not traveling. (P.S. My booze.) ;weight is exactly the same today as it was 35 years ago.) THE WASHINGTON POST D4 Sunday, January 4, 1978 ADVICE= Tell This Mother Dear Ann Landers: Here's a That Sugar Is Poison delicate problem. We hope you can help us settle it. Dear C: If sugar were poison, year-old boy with a very em- My husband and I play bridge Dear Ann Landers: My barrassingiproblem About a with another couple at least I'd have been dead a long time cousin has three adorable week ago, 2 me guy streaked once a week. We rarely see ago. I'm an incurable sweet- children. I know it's none of my eater and have been a notorious through the inner court at our them otherwise. The stakes are business but I am very upsee dessert nut for years. (Maybe high school during lunchtime fairly high and it isn' unusual to because these kids are growing it's my substitute for booze.) He wore a stocking mask over win (or lose) $35 in an evening. up on junk food. I'm sure it will his entire head. I went home form Velosemoreoften than we win. I'm well aware that a steady ruin their teeth and cause all- lunch that ay-and no one saw. Last week both my husband diet of candy is bad for teeth, kinds of health problems later me leave the school. Now and I saw them signaling back but my dental experts tell me in life. rumors are going around that L and forth. Once I felt a kick un- that the quality of the teeth you am the kid who streaked! der the table, intended for Mrs. They eat candy, cookies. inherit is just as important as cake, ice cream and pastries I swear it wasn't me, Ann. but X. We are convinced that this what you eat. nobody believes me except my couple has been cheating. We every day. Their mouths are always full of chewing gum. The health faddists out there best friend. People I don't even lost $40. When mealtime comes around are going to let me have it for know come up to me and start Neither my husband nor I they are never hungry because this answer (where are you, singing, 'The Streak!" How want to play bridge with this they snack on sweets con- Sen. Proxmire?) but as a can I stop these stupid rumors? couple any more, but we don't lifelong candy, cookie, pie and - Red Faced know if we should tell them cake-eater, I must say I have Ann Landers Dear Red: He who excuses why. My husband says no - I suffered no ill effects. In all himself accuses himself. When say yes. What do you say? - fairness I should tell you that you stop the denials they will Taken stantly. I don't know whatthese along with the sweets I eat stop the accusations. Dear Taken: I'm with your kids do for nourishment (They nourishing food, exercise 30 husband. Accusations would are from 5 to 11 years of age.) minutes every morning and only result in denials and hard Please, Ann, tell this mother walk three miles a day when feelings. Simply say you've that sugar is poison. She'll I'm not traveling. (P.S. My become too busy to play bridge. listen to you. -Concerned weight is exactly the same to- End the relationship on a day as it was 35 years ago.) friendly note. Dear Ann Landers: I am a 16- 1976, Field Enterprises. Source: ndustrydlocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zIk0226

What is the name of the newspaper?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

Chicago Sun-times

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

Who called sugar a great energy source?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

John W. Tatem Jr., John W. Tatem, Jr.

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

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Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

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lhjh0227_p0, lhjh0227_p1, lhjh0227_p2, lhjh0227_p3, lhjh0227_p4, lhjh0227_p5, lhjh0227_p6, lhjh0227_p7, lhjh0227_p8, lhjh0227_p9, lhjh0227_p10, lhjh0227_p11, lhjh0227_p12

5308

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

which company is mentioned on the envelope ?

lhjh0227

lhjh0227_p0, lhjh0227_p1, lhjh0227_p2, lhjh0227_p3, lhjh0227_p4, lhjh0227_p5, lhjh0227_p6, lhjh0227_p7, lhjh0227_p8, lhjh0227_p9, lhjh0227_p10, lhjh0227_p11, lhjh0227_p12

The Great Western Sugar Company, the great western sugar company

Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. 0. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 U.S.POSTAGE 6c FRANKLIN D.ROOSEVELT Mr. Robert R. Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company P. O.Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 I will attend I will be unable to attend the dinner on Wednesday January 8, 1969 Name Address Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Robert R.Owen President The Great Western Sugar Company cordially invites you to meet the Members of the Board of Directors of Great Western United Corporation at dinner Wednesday, January eighth Nineteen hundred and sixty-nine at The Northern Hotel Billings, Montana R.S.V.P. 6:00 P.M. Social Hour (Reply Card 7:00 P.M.- Dinner Enclosed) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS William M. White, Jr., , Denver and New York Chairman and President Great Western United Corporation R. J. Adelman, Chicago President Arthur Rubloff & Company, Inc. J. Lawson Cook, Denver President Colorado Milling & Elevator Company Earl F. Cross, Denver Consultant Great Western United Palmer Hoyt, Denver Editor and Publisher The Denver Post Wilton L Jaffee, Aspen, Colorado Senior Partner Jaffee & Company, New York City A. z. Kouri, Wichita Falls, Texas Partner Kouri oil Company James A. Krentler, Colorado Springs, Colorado Business Consultant and Investment Counselor John J. Markham, Chicago Partner Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphil, Noyes & Company Robert R. Owen, Denver President The Great Western Sugar Company Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Melvin J. Roberts, Denver President Colorado National Bank Ben-Fleming Sessel, New York City Consultant Great Western United James E. Skidmore, Knoxville, Tennessee Retired Chairman The Great Western Foods Company Richard Von Kaenel, Denver Vice President-Finance Great Western United Elwood Whitney, New York City Consultant Great Western United Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 WILLIAM M. WHITE, JR., a Great Westerner of the fourth generation, is chairman of the board and president of Great Western United Corporation. White founded GW United in January of 1968 with component companies, including Great Western Sugar, drawn together under one coordinated management for the express purpose of expanding into imaginative new products and services. At the age of 30, as head of a major new force in management and marketing, he stresses creative expansion coupled with change as the style and the goal at GW United. White approaches his objectives with the solid background of a family association with Great Western Sugar dating back nearly 65 years. His father, the late William M. White, Sr., was a director of the company for 25 years. His grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Jr., was a director for the most part of 50 years until his death in 1965. And his great-grandfather, Mahlon D. Thatcher, Sr., was one of the founding directors of Great Western Sugar in 1905. An honors graduate of Yale University, White was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado, where his forebearers on both sides of his family first entered business nearly 100 years ago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 ROBERT R. OWEN, who rose to management from the engineering profession, is president of The Great Western Sugar Company with offices in Denver. Owen came to GW Sugar in February of 1968 from the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, where he was general manager of equipment operations. In his 12 years with Ford, Owen advanced through a succession of management posts. He started in the tractor and implement manufacturing division, utilizing his experience as an agricultural engineer. Earlier, Owen was manager of the engineering department of the Pineapple Research Institute in Hawaii, where he began his career as an agricultural engineer for Del Monte Corporation. In between his Hawaiian assignments, he was a technical representative for DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware. At GW Sugar, Owen completes a full circle from his first acquaintance with sugar beets at the University of California at Davis, where he earned his engineering degree. During World War 11, Owen served with the Corps of Engineers and now holds the rank of brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 dis Per LEHI night. More weather, vitals page 6. 83rd Year-No. 236 Billings, Montana, Thursday Jan 9-62 Morning, Ja Slim For Priv By DANIEL J. FOLEY reau Wednesday Gazette State Bureau Republican echoe of many legislato HELENA-Th legislature financing the sta may extend a hand of synpathy public school su to the state's nonpublic schools, difficult without c but it probably won't be grip- tional money for ( ping the money the schools are seeking. SENATE MAJ( In what may prove to be a Eugene H. Mahor highly controversial request, the son Falls, was a newly-organized Montana Asso- timistie about th ciation of Nonpublic Schools aid to nonpublic will ask the legislature for $3 think it would million a year to bail the completely close schools out of a financial crisis. problem which ex "Meritorious as the request may be, the money isn't there, If the nonpubl it's that pure and simple,' forced to close, House Majority Leader W. S. may happen if (Bill) Mather told the State Bu- ceive some aid, it Vicious Whip Color Boss Meets Boss BOULDER, Colo. (AP) - The largest firi Winds more fierce than a hurri- Loren Willis, 11, who owns a share The youngster heard about the the Boulder Mun cane abated in this university A woman called t of Great Western United preferred company's press conference and city early Wednesday after a fice and reporte stock which he bought with the showed up to meet the president. six-hour rampage that left two plane on fire, an proceeds from selling night crawl- "You're my boss!" Owen ex- men dead and damages estimat- down the runway ers, meets GW president Robert ed by city officials "in the mil- plained to the young man.-Ga- lions of dollars." R. Owen at the Northern Hotel. zette photo by Bob Nunley. As the winds subsided, a cold Easte front brought snow into the area. The windstorm produced gusts GW Working to Avoid measured at 133 miles an hour before a calming set in just after Mont midnight. When it was over, more than a dozen fires had erupted, two Peak Beet Labor Use dozen homes and numerous bus- Shive inesses were left roofless, wide- spread power outages were re- By The Associ By DICK WHEELER chairman, William White Jr., ported, roads were blocked by Northern and dent's dinners" in which the Gazette Staff Writer Denver management acquaints uprooted trees, thousands of tana shivered un could not be present at the windows were broken, hundreds cold Wednesday itself with the people and grow- Wednesday afternoon press of homes and stores were dam- of the state recor Great Western Sugar Co. is ers in communities with GW fa- conference. GWU was formed a studying ways to level out the cilities. Previous dinners were aged, and eight airplanes were tures generally 30 year ago from Colorado Milling labor force to get away from held at Greeley and Sterling, destroyed. er. and Elevator Co. and Great Colo. Nearly 300 Billings-area James Arthur Madden, 28, The Weather B peak labor use during its sea- Western Sugar, and through ac- sonal campaigns, says GW leaders and growers attended quisitions is growing into an ag- Loveland, Colo., was fatally in- arctic front shoul the Northern Hotel dinner jured when the camper pickup hold the mercury President Robert R. Owen, of glomerate enterprise. One addition is the Shak- in which he was riding was Friday, with Denver. Wednesday night. blown 300 feet off Interstate 25 plunging lower e There is also research being When Owen arrived at the ey's Pizza chain, a nationwide north of Denver. vide. done on storage of sugar beets press conference, he was intro- restaurant group. The company Raymond Dovala, 34, a volun- Snow fell period to keep them from deteriorating duced to Loren Willis, 11, of has also added the Emerald prior to processing. The black 1524 10th St. W., who came to Christmas Tree Co., and plans teer fireman in Cherryvale, was the day and was fatally injured when the winds continue throughl plastic sheeting seen on the the Northern entirely on his to introduce mass production wanked him from a fire truck The cold fron stationary with December 27, 1968 DEPARIMENT OF ECONOR. Froyz E. Evock FROM: The Great Western Sugar Company Denver, Colorado kod Dierkung work CONTACT: James Lyon Director, Information Services 534-2182, Ext. 272 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1969 Nearly 300 business and community leaders from sugarbeet areas of Montana and Wyoming will be guests at a dinner to be held by The Great Western Sugar Company in Billings on Wednesday evening, January 8. Grea The guests were invited to meet the members of the board of directors of the Great Western United Corporation, parent firm of GW Sugar. The United directors, who come from all sections of the country, will also hold a board meeting on Thursday in Billings in he were de 1969 calencar keeping with plans to hold sessions in cities where the corporation maintains business operations. Speakers at the Wednesday evening dinner at the Northern Hotel will be William M. White, Jr., who is chairman and president of GW this conference. for us to have this United, and Robert R. Owen of Denver, president of GW Sugar. White directed the formation of GW United last January in a merger of GW Sugar with other firms engaged in food processing. The scope of the parent company was quickly broadened with acquisition of restaurant operations and real estate properties, including Shakey's Pizza Parlors and the Colorado City and California City community developments. Now 30 years of age, White characterizes the growth of GW United in terms of "creative expansion to meet the shifting needs of a changing society.' He represents the fourth generation of his family (more) GROU State Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 Page Two GW Sugar Community Dinner to be associated with the management of Great Western. His great- grandfather, Mahlon T. Thatcher, Sr. , was one of the founding officers of GW Sugar in Colorado. The sugar company, meantime, continues to be operated as a sugar company in the words of Robert R. Owen, president. He says the only change involves greater emphasis on research, both on the beet farm and in the sugar factory, with the accent on people to perform jobs in all phases of the business. Owen came to GW Sugar last February from the equipment division of the Ford Motor Company in Michigan, where he was general manager. At Ford he held executive positions for 12 years. An agricultural engineer by profession, he served in Hawaii with the Del Monte Corporation and the Hawaiian Pineapple Institute. He is a graduate of the University of California at Davis and is a brigadier general in the U. S. Army Reserve. The dinner guests will be from communities throughout Great Western's extensive factory districts of Billings and Lovell, along with officers of the sugar company from Denver and members of the management staffs at the two sugar factories. The meeting is the third to be held this winter by Great Western in the principal cities of the company's territory. - 30 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana January 17, 1969 quiter Mr. R. R. Owen, President Denver, Colorado Dear Mr. Owen: Enclosed are some thank you letters for your Directors' Dinner held at the Northern Hotel in Billings last week. I thought you would be interested in reading them. The weather here has moderated somewhat although our snow seems to be here to stay. We look forward to your next visit to the Billings District. Yours very truly, Ralph W. Hettinger Manager RWH:mp Encs. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227 THE NORTHERN executive THE BILLINGS, MONTANA offices WESTEIRN INTERNATIONAL HOTELS January 13, 1969 Mr. Ralph Hettinger Great Western Sugar Company 3020 State Avenue Billings, Montana Dear Mr. Hettinger: Our sincere thanks and appreciation for using the facil- ities of our Northern Hotel for your cocktail and dinner party on Wednesday, January 8th - and your luncheon on January 9th, 1969. We sincerely hope that everything met with your satisfaction and approval. It was indeed a pleasure to serve you and the other guests attending - and we are looking forward to being your Host once again in the not too distant future. Sincerely, Brent mandonald BRENT MACDONALD General Manager method IN Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lhjh0227

Who is Sun-Times Food Editor?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

Camille J. Stagg

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

What does Sugar supplies?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

carbohydrates, a neccessary nutrient the body needs for energy., carbohydrates

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

Who is the director of food sciences at the American Medical Assn?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

Dean Fletcher

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

What is the date mentioned in this newspaper?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

Who suggests that we should cut down on sugar?

xrlk0226

xrlk0226_p0, xrlk0226_p1, xrlk0226_p2, xrlk0226_p3, xrlk0226_p4

William H. Bowen

Oral Hygeine, Heredity Factors in Dental Caries CHICAGO - A leading when compared to heart dis- been virtually unchanged at hormonal system has means spokesman for the sugar: ease, diabetes and other around 100 pounds for about of maintaining levels of blood industry has charged that "the death-dealing diseases, 50 years." He pointed out that sugar that are above those current state of nutrition Tatem emphasized that government statistics indicate which allow serious symptoms information in-the United sugar consumption was only disappearance only and.do not to be experienced." States is nothing.less than de- one of a number of factors take into consideration spil- Discussing sugar and heart plorable - from the promot- contributing to caries, men- lage, spoilage and waste disease, Tatem said that Dr. ers of useless and costly tioning heredity, oral hygiene, health foods and harmful fad "Thus from an empidemo- John Yudkin has been chal- trace elements or their lack logical point of view increases diets to those who deprive the and other foods as influences. lenged so frequently and by in any disease in the United institutions and individuals of public of fluoridated water." Declaring that sucrose is States cannot be blamed on's J. W. Tatem Jr., president absolutely safe, he said his such prestige-that his theories concurrent increasejin sucrose of The Sugar Association, ad- were no longer; considered of organization had systemati- consumption," he said. dressed Chicago Nutrition Ás- consequence in the medical cally sought out and explored He dismissed the charge by sociation members participat- the available scientific knowl- community. He described Dr. some that "sugar makes you Yudkin as a "guru" for lay- ing in a symposium on Sugar edge "to. be absolutely sure fat" as the secong 'big lie.' in Nutrition: January. men who have sought to link that we are not the purveyors "Obesity is caused by an Tatem said the area of of sickness and death. sugar with atherosclerosis. imbalance between intake of greatest concern to the sugar "The opponents of sugar, calories and the expenditure Tatem quoted a recent industry is dental caries. neatly applying Goebbel's 'big of caloric energy," he said. opinion of Dr. Francisco There is no question that su- lie' technique, rant that "Sugar is pure carbohydrate Grande, emertius professor; crose plays a role in this very Americans are consuming and as such produces four University of Minnesota and a costly and uncomfortable dis ever increasing amounts of calories of energy per gram, world-renowned heart special- ease, he said, but pointed out sugar each year," Tatem said. the same as protein and half ist: "I conclude, therefore, that the potential harm from "This is simply untrue. Per that the evidence available that of fat." earies is relatively minor capita consumption here has "The old wives tale that the does not support the view that consumption of sugar causes sugar, in the amounts present in diets such as those con- diabetes continues to be dis- pensed by certain lay observ- sumed in this country, is * causative factor in the devel- ers and accepted by a sizablei portion of the public," he-said. opment of coronary heart dis- ease. FEB 5 1976 Tatem quoted, from "Sugar in the Diet of Man," reprint Returning to the subject of THE ATLANTA from World Review of Nutri- caries, Tatem: said a majority CONSTITUTION tion and Diefetics: "The of experts consider that fluoridation of water, a known ATLANTA, GA. causes of primary diabetes (m) 230.000 (S) 560.000 mellitus in mani remain un preventative, would be the known; there sho evidence first and mont important step toward the eradication of that excessive consumption of sugar casses diabztes.' caries. "It has the potential of He described hypoglycemia cutting the present incidence as the current "in or fad dis- of caries in half," he said. ease and said laymen and Tatem challenged the professionals the audienes "psendoscientists" have found this obseure affliction to be a to respond to the overwheim- handy vehicle repromoting ing mass of pecudoscientific misinformation concerning dangezus reducing diets. "But true retrition charged hypoglycemia with blood was being dispansed daily by sugar. levels low énough to the opportunis's produce symptoune attributed Simply sadly, the by inaccurate writers to hypo- promoters and quacks have established themselves as the glycemia is one of the rarest sources of nutrition informa- of medical conditions" he said, quoting from Nutrition tin" he said. "And: they havei Consortium literature. "Our done so by calculatedly, en- listing the mass: media to their ends The consumer advocate and the unschooled journalist, both dedicated to helping the consumer, in their rush to provide answers and meet deadlines are easily snared in the promoter's trap." 'With support from every one in the field of nutrition, the media will take notice, Tatem suggested. "When this occurs, the mechanism will be established to push aside the quacks and promoters and re store the scientific community to its proper position of au thority. Source: https:llwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrik0226 14 The Herald-News, Wednesday, Feb. 18, 1976 . Serving North Jersey / Sweet talk about sugar "The current state of nutrition Hypoglycemia is the "in" dis- information in the United States is ease. If you listen to some promot- nothing Jess than deplorable," ers of quack remedies and fad comments J. W. Tatem Jr. presi- diets, you'd hardly escape it. The dent of the Sugar Association Inc. By fact is, according to the Nutrition Tatem, who was addressing the Consortium: "True hypoglycemia Chicago Nutrition Association at a BETTY ANN with blood sugar levels low enough symposium entitled, "Sugar in Nu- to produce symptoms attributed by trition" went on to explain the CLARKEN inaccurate writers to hypoglyce- scope of misinformers "from mia is one of the rarest of medical promoters of useless and costly conditions. Our hormonal system health foods and harmful fad diets has means of maintaining levels of to those who deprive the public of blood sugar that are above those fluoridated water." Tatem pointed out the most popu- which allow serious. symptoms to lar myths bandied about about The Sugar Association president be experienced." sugar by pseudo-scientists and: believes that the promoters and the frauds. The Sugar Association is admit- quacks have unfortunately made What is the frequent misinforma- tedly concerned about dental their cases convincing ones to the tion we've been fed? Sugar makes caries. media. They, in turn, relay the mis- you fat sugar causes diabetes information to a waiting, gullible Sucrose does play a part in this sugar is linked to coronary public. And, that's how a wealth of disease but it is only one factor. heart disease Americans are misinformation mushrooms. Heredity, oral hygiene, trace ele- consuming greater amounts of Tatem talked facts, not fads OF ments or their lack and other foods sugar each year sugar causes fallacies. dental caries. also contribute to this problem. To talk sugar and ignore carbo Sugar is not the "fat: culprit, Fluoridation of water is a known hydrates is folly. (Sugar is a pure obesity is. preventative in eradicating caries. carbohydrate.). In a bookiet enti- What causes primary diabetes However, community fluoridation tled "Nutrition Labeling" pub- mellitus is still unknown and if is not easy to implement. lished by the National Consortium that's the scientific case, how can The Sugar Industry is working on in Bethesda, Md., the carbohydrate anyone say that sugar causes dia- the problem of caries. story is summarized: "Since car- betes? Research continues and progress bohydrates are really a basic fuel Time and again studies have is being made. of the human body, nutritionists been undertaken to examine the In summary, Tatem said: "Diet can scarcely believe that carbohy- sugar intake of coronary patients is one of perspective. In that we as drates have gained the popular and healthy people. There has individuals have a right and an op- reputation of being harmful. Many never been plausible evidence to portunity to select our foods, we of the most important body func- show sugar is a causative factor in are responsible for our own nutri- tions are designed to use carbohy- coronary heart diseases. tion and good health. Those who drates as their only, or at least pri- As for consumption of sucrose, guide the individual must counsel mary fuel." the purest and most economical balance and moderation. Too much To receive 50 per cent of our calo- carbohydrate, there has been sub- of any food can be injurious. The ries from carbohydrates is a sound stantially no difference in the past sugar industry endorses modera- dietary fact that most nutritionists 50 years. for er-capita consump- tion. Sugar in moderation plays an acclaim. tion. important role in a sound diet." Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlk0226 CHICAGO SUN-TIMES good food John W. Tatem Jr. Thursday, Feb. 5, 1976 Pages 65-93 calls sugar a great energy source The sugar scourge: how sweet it isn't Sugar By Camille J. Stagg molasses or the sugar contained in fruit - other popular means of sweetening the diet. Sun-Times Food Editor Sugar is being named by some natural-food Visualizé five pounds of sugar - the weight advocates and many consumerists as a cul- of the sack commonly purchased. Now imag- prit behind many of our nation's ills, in- lne 20 such five-pound bags, and you'll have cluding obesity, dental problems, diabetes 100 pounds - the average annual per capita and heart disease, but William H. Bowen consumption of sugar - close to the 125 Is sugar gulity as charged? Should we cut pounds per capita of beef Americans now con- out intake? Those questions were asked of sume annually. experts who participated in the recent Sugar says we should One hundred pounds, the weight of a small in Nutrition seminar sponsored by the Chl- adult, is quite a heap of sugar. And that fig- cago Nutrition Assn. cut down on sugar. ure, taken from a U.S. Agriculture Depart- The newest information removes the onus ment report, represents only cane and beet from sugar as a cause of diabetes, and also sugars - either plain or in sweetened prod- indicates average intake of the sweetener ucts. That does not Include honey, corn sirup, should not cause heart disease in normal- "weight people. Its connection to these dis- eases seems to be linked through obesity, said one medical educator. But other experts recommended cutting back on sugar consump- tion. Betty Wedman, a Chicago nutritionist, sug- gests E cutback, since about a third of pur population is overweight, She pointed out that even monitoring sugar in the diet is dif- ficult because it's hidden in so many of the prepared foods we eat. Since dental disease is rampant in this country, dental researchers also recommend restricting sugar intake. "We spend $2 billion to $3 billion a year to They were cured repair the ravages of dental caries, and that's only 30 to 40 per cent of what is needed in the U.S.,* sald William H. Bowen, acting director of Caries Prevention & Research Branch, Na- of `sugar blues' tional Institute of Dental Research. Is 100 pounds of sugar a year too much? The answer, alter sifting through experts* ad- vice, is on the affirmative side. The truth Sugar blues--multiple physical and mental miserles caused lles somewhere between the view of Gloria by consumption of refined sucrose, commonly called sugar. Swanson: "That stuff is poison," and the This is the definition William Dufty lends to the title of his view of the sugar Industry, which extols new antisugar book, "Sugar Blues" (Chilton Book Co., $7.95). sugar's virtues as an energy source and as a He attributes his new, healthy nonsugar life to actress Gloria sweetener. Swanson, who recently accompanied hIm on a tour to promote Sugar supplies carbohydrates, a necessary his book. mitrient the body needs for energy. However, Miss Swanson, movie queen from the silent-film days and as nutritionists polnt out, there are more still showing-fine form at age 76, held up a copy of the book nourishing sources of carbohydrates. wrapped in a red dust jacket with a heart around the And the very fact the sweet taste is found to title-something she made herself. be the "most dominant and pleasant" of our "We're promoting no sugar for Valentine Day," said Miss four tastes, as mentioned by John W. Tatem Swanson. "Instead of a box of candy, give this book" (which Jr., president of the Sugar Assn., indicates tells how terrible candy can be for the body). She posed with how simple It is to overlndulge In it. Many the book during the interview In a Ritz-Carlton sulte. people who let their sweet tooths get out of control seem to be hooked on sugar. In Dufty's view, as he says in his book, empires and nations Is there any scientific evidence sugar may have fallen because armies were addicted to) sugar. This be addictive? award-winning former newspaper reporter-turned-book-author espouses Oriental yin and yang principles Instead of Western "Not in a phystological sense, but it can be habit-forming In a psychological way," sald medicine, which he finds useless. Dean Fletcher, director of food sciences at Except, perhaps, for one segment of Western medicine. "Sugar Blues," named for a song of the ragtime era, Is a new the American Medical Assn. "But even that's "You have It to the dentists," sald Dufty. They book about the negative aspects of sugar. The author, not true for everyone." know how sugar causes dental disease." William Dufty, and the Insplration behind hlm, actress Glorla Dr. P. J. Palumbo, assistant professor of Dufty says he feels reborn since he kicked the sugar habit, Swanson, are promoting the book for Valenfine Day. medicine at Mayo Medical School, reported His health problems, including migraines, hemorrholds and (Sun-Times Photo by Bob File) on a study relating sugar to both diabetes and overweight, vanished, he said. Now a trim 145 pounds for his coronary artery disease, 6-foot height, he says he looks and feels better than ever. "The claim that sugar consumption is asso- "I'm the same weight now 1 was at age 21," he smiled. Miss Swanson refers to Dufty as "a convert of mlne.' She clated with an Increased Incidence rate for "Even when I was 26 and in the Army, 1 weighed 153, When I has been following a pure-food sugariess Met for almost half A diabetes mellitus is unproven," he sald. "I firat met Gloria, my weight was over 205-at least that's the century now, and credits that way of eating for her own good doubt that there is any relationship between point at which I stopped welghing myself." Turn to Pago N the two other than can be explained on the basis of obesity resulting from an Increase in Tura to Page " Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucst,edu/docs/xrk0226 Cured of sugar, blues' Continued fom Page 63 health. Today she is almost a vege- "When I was a child, all tarlan, eating meat only when foods were natural. An apple she's sure it comes from a spe- was an apple. Flour and other cial source. products were used up faster "I wouldn't eat a chicken or and needed no preservatives. scoffed, saying they all contain Things didn't travel," Miss cancerous cells. Swanson remembered. She believes one must keep "I was an "Army brat," she the inside of the body cleaner than the outside. laughed, telling how she was raised alternately in her home "If I get a headache, I town, Chicago and in the trop- cleanse my body by fasting ics. She reminisced about the and drinking herb tea. Brown good fresh fruit and, yes, sug- rice is also good." She claims ar cane she ate in the tropics. her remedy always works. B ut her health problems Dean Fletcher, director of seemed to begin when she be- food sciences at the American came a producer. Medical Assn., cautioned "It was said that every pro- against this type of self-diagno- ducer had ulcers," she said. sis and treatment. And after a While, she was Dufty follows a similar diet, c n her symptoms and is ready to discuss the poi- sonous, addictive effects of so closely depends on diet and meant she too, had ulcers. She related how she fortunately sugar. Asked what reaction oc- insulin. chose the right doctor in 1927. curs If he inadvertently con- Dufty's recommended self- "After listening to my com- sumes some of that "poison," treatment of diabetes, by sua- he replied, "It makes me very an egg if you paid me," she plaints, he asked me what I sleepys' stituting Oriental foods for had eaten the night before. He some of the insulin, might en- mode a long list of ingredients It's one thing, hewever, to of everything I had consumed. draw generalizations from a danger lives, according to some doctors. Those were the days when we few specific cases to illustrate ate many courses for dinner," that sugar may be harmful to "Anyone who goes off insulin and onte this diet is taking she said. health. But it's another to offer When he finished the list, the advice to diabetics, whose life his life in his hands, warned Fletcher. "It can cause death,' docter asked her to close her he emphasized. leyes, while he read the leng A recent review of "Sugar list, and then he asked, "Now Blues," in "Feed Engineer what animal, including a pig, ing," by Dr. Stephanie Crosco, we ild eat all this and not feel reported, "Its thesis and argu- sick?' - ments are outrageously stupid, and worse, the advice it effers in the medical area with re- gards to the treatment at dia- betes is dewnright dangerous.* But Dufty and Miss Swansen remain convinced they speak the truth about sugar's evils. As the couple traveled en this twe-week prometion tour, they avoided eating out. No res- taurants, no room service, no plane food. They packed their own supplies, as if going on a camping trip: a. frigerator, a hot pot, vacuum bottles and other necessary equipment. The food included fresh fruits and vegetables, dry peas, beans, whole-grain pasta, millet-stew mix, sesame seeds, miso, rice crackers and oatmeal. Dufty explained how he puts oatmeal in the bottom, of the vacuum bottle, pours boiling water over it and caps it. In the morning, the cereal is ready for breakfast. But in- stead of eating it with milk and sugar, the traditional American way, they sprinkle sesame seeds roasted with sea salt over. If they desire a little sweet- ness, they add date sugar, rai- sins, honey or carrot or apple concentrate. They might eat a buckwheat groats casserole for lunch, and perhaps one of Dut- ty's lentil or bean soups for supper. They eat heavier dur- ing the day, lighter at night. Dufty highly recommends the recipe for onion pie in his book. It's in "Soup to Nuts, the final chapter, A large dose of sugar in your diet isn't a very sweef (of healthy) proposition Continued from Page 63 total calorie intake.' breakfast meal - only 8 per much higher nutrient density "It would appear from these cent as snacks." per calorie at less cost than short-term studies (on sugar related to cardievascular dis- He cited a clinical study that sugar. ease) that two grams of simple concluded there was no differ- "Conclusive scientific evi- carbohydrate per killogram of ence between presweetened dence is lacking that sugar is harmful to everyone. Sugar body weight per day. .can be and nonpresweetened cereals has its place in today's food considered a safe level of in- on dental caries. The main supply, but some self-indulgent take in nonobese persons. This reason, he explained, is milk American life-styles have led level of carbohydrate intake tends to buffer sugar's acid to overuse. approximates the average an- formation in the mouth after "How much sugar is too- nual consumption of sugar bei consumption. Another study on much? The quantity of sugar Americans (100 pounds)." breakfasts, done by the firm, tolerated by humans is an indi- When Tatem saw my copy of vidual matter. Effective nutri- indicated 90 per cent of all "Sugar Blues," hé mentioned tion education can provide con- children who eat unsweetened the review in "Food Engineer- sumers with adequate infor- ing," and gave me a reprint of cereal add sugar. The favor- mation to exercise their free- "Sugar in the Diet of Man," by able conclusion for the cereal dom of choice to control the F.J. Stare, which says, "Sug- c o m any was that cereal amount of sugar in their diet.' breakfasts tended to be more ar, a pure carbohydrate, is an nourishing and cheaper than important nutrient and food in other common breakfasts (hot the U.S. diet when used in cereals were in the noncereal moderation." Tatem then ex- category). pressed his dissatisfaction with "It's silly to use the amount the state of nutrition informa- of sugar as a yardstick of nu- tion in the United States. tritional adequacy," he said, "Thers is no question that referring to the nutrients in sucrose plays a role in dental sweetened cereals. "And just caries," he said, but empha- because God made fruit and sized sugar consumption was man made (refined) granula- only one of a number of con- ted sugar, it's silly to say that tributing factors. natural fruit sugar is better. William H. Bowen, acting di- Crystalline table sugar can be rector of Caries Prevention & made from oranges." Research Branch, National In- All fruits contain two sug- stitute of Dental Research, ars: sucrose and fructose. said, "There is a positive cor- "The majority sugar is sucr- relation between the frequency ose," said Fletcher. "And the of sugar intake and the in- sucrose in fruit is the same cidence of caries. kind as that in cane or beet He pointed out that although sugar - the common table sucrose, is the most frequently sugar. The proportion of sugar ingested sugar, "there is no varies with the fruit - usually evidence. that its substitution the sweeter the fruit, the more by glucose or fructosé would sugar. lead to a significant reduction Fletcher said the AMA fa- in dental decay. vors cutting down on sugar "Im in favor of cutting consumption, especially from down on sugar," he stressed. the standpoint of obesity. "We advise parents to avoid let- Miss Wedman is not only in ting their children snack on favor of cutting sugar con- candy, gum and soft drinks. sumption, but also of improv- The longer sugar is present in ing nutrition education, espe- the mouth, the more damage." cially in the form of nutritional He recommends sugarless labeling. gum and soit drinks, and "Convenience foods are tak- sweets taken only at meais ing more space in the super- with brushing afterwards. market and sugar appears "Many people now think that on more and more of those la- beis," she stressed. because of fluoridated water "The current nutrition infor- and toothpaste, they can in- mation-label does not provide dulge in between-meal snack- adequate information to com- ing on sweets. Fluoridation is pare the nutrients in ready-to- not a license for dietary in- eat cereals based on calories. discretion, and restriction of A one-ounce serving size is in- the intake of sugar should con- dicated and the nutrients pro- tinue to be advocated and vided by an ounce of different cereals cannot be compared on practiced." a nutrient density scale." Gary E. Costly, vice presi- She said although sugar can- dent of public affairs for Kel- not be considered "empty ca- logg Co., responded to a ques- lories", since it does provide tion about how much pre- the nutrient carbohydrate, sweetened cereal is eaten as a wheat products provide a. snack. He said, "Ninety-two per cent of all presweetened cereals are consumed as a Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/xrlkQ226

What is 1960-66 purity formula usable for?

txlh0227

txlh0227_p0, txlh0227_p1, txlh0227_p2, txlh0227_p3, txlh0227_p4, txlh0227_p5, txlh0227_p6, txlh0227_p7, txlh0227_p8, txlh0227_p9, txlh0227_p10, txlh0227_p11, txlh0227_p12

is usable for evaluating purity, evaluating purity, for evaluating purity

GROWER-GW PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT December 9, 1976 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT SECTION 1. The agreement between The Great Western Sugar Company and the respective Grower Associations contained in the 1976-1977-1978 Crop Contract specifi- cally stated that an impartial Purity Committee was to be formed and that Committee was to establish the following: "An average base period purity for the 1960-66 period. " The Committee was formed, has studied the data and information made avail- able, and from that study has the opinion that: I. The approach of establishing a base 1960-66 relationship between diffusion juice purity and harvested beet sugar content is properly represented by a statistical analysis of the 1960-66 data by plant by years. The relationship is represented as y = 68.7119 + 1.128 x, where y is the percentage diffusion juice purity (Refrac- tometer Dry Substance) and x is percent sugar content of harvested beets. II. The regression line formulated from the data available to the Committee relating to the 1960-66 percent sugar in beets purchased and the purity of diffusion juice can be assumedusable for comparison purposes with the data found in recent years; 1970 through 1975 as well as 1976. III. The purity of beets purchased, if properly determined, can be evaluated for additional payment due to a higher (Continued) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/does/txlh0227 than base period purity or evaluated for a reduction of payment due to a lower than base period purity. The premium or penalty due to purity can then be established by assessing a value to a one percent purity point and this value can then be the premium or penalty. IV. The 1960-66 purity formula is usable for evaluating purity, but we cannot guarantee that is is entirely fair, just and equitable to all Growers and the Company. suppert to comments in attached gddendum of 12/14/16 John E. Hedde Jeff John a Hupfer Happen *. A McGinnis Robert Owen Forest I Walter Forrest Walters Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT SECTION 2. The agreement between The Great Western Sugar Company and the respective Grower Associations contained in the 1976-1977-1978 Crop Contract specifi- cally stated that an impartial Purity Committee was to be formed and that Committee was to establish the following: I. "Procedures to test the Grower's beets for purity at the receiving station." The Committee was formed and has visited the purity laboratories and observed the procedures for the delivered purity for the 1976 crop and approved the con- cept and the design of the laboratories. For future crops, the procedures being used by the laboratories should be eval- uated to assure that the purity testson harvested beets, cossettes and diffusion juice are compatible. subject commention attended addendur of 12/14/06 John E. Hedde Johnson John Hupfer R. A. McGinnis Roberteleven Robert Owen Email Forrest Walters Source; https://wwwvw.industrydocuments.ucsf,edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT SECTION 3. The 1960-66 formula shown in Section 1 is based on the relationship between diffusion juice purity and harvested beet sugar content. In order to es- tablish a practical means of assessing premiums and penalties to individual growers, the 1960-66 formula must be adjusted for the difference between diffusion juice purity and harvested purity. The only data currently avail- able for making the adjustment is that data collected during the 1976 campaign. Earlier tests for harvested purity have not been made. Due to the inconsistent nature of the harvested purity data and the diffusion juice data collected in 1976, the Committee recommends that data on harvested purity and diffusion juice purity be collected again in 1977, being careful to evaluate the inconsistencies, before establishing an adjustment factor to correct the 1960-66 formula to harvested purity. Should the Growers and the Company feel compelled to establish a corrected formula in 1977, we suggest that the results of the 1960-66 formula be adjusted by plus and minus one percentage point to account for the uncertainty of the correct adjustment factor for harvested purity. The inconsistent nature of the 1976 data can be observed in the attached Chart A which shows that in the case of four plants, harvested purity is higher than diffusion juice purity and in the case of two plants, harvested purity is below diffusion juice purity. In addition, it is expected that harvested purity would average lower than diffusion juice purity due to the normal elimination by diffusion process of large moleculed nonsugars. Further, it is expected that harvested purity would approximate cossette purity which is not true in any of the plants shown in Chart A. (Continued) Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT The formula, not considered practical by the Committee, but which conceivably could be used by the Growers and the Company if they were so compelled is summarized as follows: The adjusted relationship is represented as y + 1 = (+ 1) + 68.7119 + 1.128 x, where y +1 is the percentage harvested purity (Refractometer Dry Substance) and X is the percent sugar content of harvested beets. in of 12/14/16 John E. Hedde John John a. Hupfer Hupper Ra. are Rainia R. A. McGinnis Robert Plawer Robert Owen Forrest Walters Source: https://wwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT SECTION 4. The agreement between The Great Western Sugar Company and the respective Grower Associations contained in the 1976-1977-1978 Crop Contract specifi- cally stated that an impartial Purity Committee was to be formed and that Committee was to establish the following: "A formula for the application to the schedule set forth above of the difference (if any) between the 1977 and 1978 beet purity and the average base period purity. "The purpose of the formula shall be to add to or subtract from the payment calculated pursuant to the above schedule an amount proportionately equal to the extent of the difference between actual 1977 and 1978 beet purities and those of the average base period. " To this extent the Committee recommends that for each one percentage point of harvested purity deviation from the calculated value based on the 1960-66 re- lationship, the Grower be assessed a premium or a penalty per ton of .0181 times the contract beet price as shown in paragraph 5 of the 1976 Sugar Beet Contract between the grower and The Great Western Sugar Company. The premium/ penalty calculation can be summarized as follows: Grower Harvested Purity - 1960-66 Standard Purity_7 X .0181 Contract Beet Price for Standard Beets = Assessed Penalty or Premium ton. comments in 05/14/76 Robert elleven Jaha John Jöhn E. Hupfer Hedde Robert Owen R.a.lu Jun Forrest Walters APPENDIX Graphs and Calculations Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT Chart A Harvested Purity Harvested Purity D.J. Purity Over/(Under) Over/(Under) Over/(Under) Cossette Purity D.J. Purity Cossette Purity Billings 4.0 2.8 1.2 Scottsbluff 1.7 0.8 0.9 Gering 3.4 2.1 1.3 Sterling 0.9 (0.6) 1.5 Loveland (1.1) (1.3) 0.2 Goodland 1.5 1.1 0.4 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227. : GROWER-GW PURITY COMMITTEE REPORT ADDENDUM December 14, 1976 Page 1 of 3 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 day I, John E. Hedde, a member of the Purity Committee established in the current Sugar Beet Contract, have signed the Purity Committee Report with the following exceptions added to or deleted from as the case may be: SECTION 1, ITEM I, SECOND PARAGRAPH The formula given there as "y = 68.7119 + 1.128 x," where y is the percentage diffusion juice purity and x is percent sugar content of harvested beets is based upon the theory that the diffusion juice purity is equal to or greater than the purity of harvested beets and therefore is inconsistent with the actual data presented pertaining to the harvested purities and that relationship to diffusion juice purities for the 1976 crop. That particular formula based upon the above-mentioned theory has developed a regression line using the diffusion juice purities experienced by the / company in the years 1960-66. From my knowledge and research experience, I have not found any data to document or support the theory that diffusion juice purity is equal to or greater than beets delivered purity. A formula that represents beets delivered purity for the 1960-66 base period would be y = .9248 x + 73.1231, where y = purity of beets harvested and x = percent sugar in beets harvested. This formula is supported by data obtained during 1976. SECTION 3 Section 3 contains reservations concerning the Committee's formula reported in Section 1 and these reservations are supportive of the formula as recommended in the above statement to Section 1. Additionally, Section 3's conclusions should. not Page 2 of 3 fall Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 be implemented for the 1977 crop year since they are outside the tasks of the Committee as stated in the Sugar Beet Contract, and is in fact not a recommendation for implementation, but a non-committal statement by the Committee to convey their reservations about the formula established in Section 1. SECTION 4 Section 4 should be implemented for the 1977 crop year, but with the following change to the formula assessing premiums or penalties. The formula for assessing premiums or penalties should be: Growers harvested purities -1960-66 standard purities_ X sugar content of beets purchased x .3118 x the net price per pound of sugar = assessed premium or penalty per ton of beets. This formula is documented and supported by actual operating data of The Great Western Sugar Company for the years 1960-66. John E. Hedde Page 3 of 3 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227 THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY CONTACT: Claud Fleet Day: 303/893-4300 Night:303/832-5523 831-0897 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE DENVER, COLO., December 15, 1976 -- Kish Otsuka, as spokesman for sugarbeet growers of a five-state area, and Jack Powell, president of The Great Western Sugar Company, said today the grower association presidents received the report of the Purity Committee. Following a preliminary review and discussion of the report, Otsuka and Powell said as a result of the complex nature of the committee's findings further study of the report is required. Otsuka said the grower leaders will continue to study the report and will meet again with the company on January 4, 1977, for discussions. Powell and Otsuka said the contents of the report are not being made public prior to the meeting set for January. The Purity Committee was provided for in April this year when growers and the company expressed a need to resolve problems of the beet purity issue. #### POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/txlh0227

who is the director of Corporate Communication ?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p2, lzlk0226_p3, lzlk0226_p4, lzlk0226_p5, lzlk0226_p6

Larry McGhee

tile THE Great Western Sugar COMPANY June 18, 1976 Mr. L. W. Tatem, Jr. President The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 Dear Bill: Larry McGhee, Director of Corporate Communications, resigned from the Company last week. I would appreciate your removing Larry's name from all Sugar Association mailing lists. I have requested Claud D. Fleet, Jr., who is in charge of corporate communications for Great Western, to assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee. Please add Claud's name to the mailing list and advise the chairman of the committee of this change. Correspondence and mailings of all kinds should be addressed to him at 716 Metrobank Building, Denver, Colorado 80202. His telephone number is 303/893-4300. I will appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. Best regards. Yours very truly, /s/ James L. Mark James L. Mark Executive Vice President bcc: C. D. Fleet, Jr. POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER, COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk022 till The Sugar Association, Inc. 1511 K Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20005 J. W. Tatem, Jr. President June 21, 1976 Mr. James L. Mark The Great Western Sugar Company P.O. Box 5308 Denver, Colorado 80217 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of June 18 advising us that Larry McGhee has resigned from The Great Western Sugar Company. Also that Claud D. Fleet, Jr. will assume Larry's position on the Public Communications Committee as well as being placed on the mailing lists. At the same time, I would like to give you belated congratulations on assuming the position of Executive Vice President of Great Western. I know you will do a fine job and if there is anything that we can assist you in, please do not hesitate to let us know. Looking forward to our continued fine relationship, I remain, Sincerely, President Bush JWT: drb XCC- Cloudt D. Heet. Jr 6-24-76 Telephone: Area Code 202/628-0189 Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 Editorial " at the company trough" or "Public trough!" A paper entitled "Feeding at the to where it could be spent. Ideally, Company Trough," co-authored by that might be fine, but it isn't terri- Rep. Rosenthal (D-NY) and Mike bly likely. One of the major reasons Jacobson (Center of Science in the that companies tie in with university Public Interest), accuses a number personnel is to avoid expensive of well-known food science acad- duplication of facilities - if a uni- emicians of using corporate ties - versity center has the equipment, it Unless a student enters college and letting corporate ties use them. saves the company from equipping specifically to become a consumer Some of the statements in the re- a corporate lab for a small project. advocate, the student will probably port approach libel: "Some profes- If companies have to always pro- sors who moonlight for industry, need research projects and/or an vide total facilities, prices of foods industry internship in order to cover such as Stare and Clydesdale, de- will simply rise a little more. That some of the costs of going to col- fend industry and attack consumer includes any food that Jacobson lege. The day when the majority of activities so vehemently that they eats, too. parents would hand junior a check have become known as food indus- CSPI advocates that the money for $10,000 and tell him to go get a try apologists. It is difficult to know from companies for research be college education is about gone. the extent to which their philoso- "laundered"-a that one of the That money just won't cover costs phies have been molded by corp- cleaning agents be a group includ- - and the amount required for ed- orate grants and honoraria. But an ing consumerists and non-affiliated ucation continues to skyrocket. In- even more serious consequence scientists. They would use a "small dustry recognizes this-and be- than creating a professional advo- amount of money" to develop cri- cause industry will need the gradu- cate is the gag-effect of company teria for who gets the grants and ates, it's been supportive of univer- money." who doesn't. They do not define sities in a variety of ways. Sure, in- CSPI has taken on the appear- "small amount" however, and 1 dustry wants to have a finger in the ance of a quasi-legal body. Their don't think we would all define curriculum. But that input is needed interest in where universities get "small amount" exactly the same their research money brings up the to help make sure that those grads way. interesting question of where CSPI are really prepared to become con- Anyhow, the CSPI appears to tributing members of the industrial gets theirs. But even more interest- want the universities to turn out community. ing than where their financing more advocates than scientists. comes from is the question of how Never thought l'd see the day they got the information for their Without industry assistance and co- when I would echo the Great report on academicians and cor- operation, the universities will turn Mayor of our Great City of Chi- out more and more ill-prepared sci- porate funds. It appears certain that cago, but: "what trees do they they had very good assistance from entists, which means longer train- plant?" How many job openings for Representative Rosenthal. In fact, ing on the job - and higher costs. consumerists are there, anyway? the request for the information from Industry needs the facilities and And who appointed CSPI to repre- the professors appeared on Rosen- brainpower of the academic com- sent you and me? thal's office letterhead - and cer- munity to help find the information tainly looked pretty official. In fact, required as a result of the consum- at least one of the professors made erists' demands for such things as a quick trip to his lawyer before nutritional information, ways of han- From Bethhuw answering the form. dling effluents, etc. And the univer- The Center apparently would like sities need the industry's input too, to see companies shell out money just as they need the jobs supplied for research without any controls as by industry for their graduates. 10 CANNER/PACKER 10/76 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 FOOD ENGINEERING OCTOBER 1976 What to do about Washington and its letters by Stephanie Crocco, Ph.D. questioning the ethics of others. Rosenthal did not make a FE Midwest Editor They have not proved their request for such an inquiry of case. They have not reported on the General Accounting Office how the universities handle or other investigatory body. After having read the ar- grants-in-aid. And Jacobson, Instead, he used Congres- ticle on page 38, you should be for one, knows full well that the sional position for the purpose equipped to answer the follow- students-who often do the ac- of gathering information which ing question: tual research-are seldom privy for the most part already ex- When you get an unsolicited in- to the sources of income. listed. In fact, 2 savvy food edi- quiry from Congress, you: For Jacobson to imply that tors on the Eastern front point :throw it in the wastebasket student research is con- out that although worthy of mount it for use as a dart taminated by industrial sources comment, the survey wasn't board of support is for Jacobson to really "hard news." reply that you are thinking cast question on any research Positive Reaction of running for Congress he, himself did as a student. request the Congress- The R-J paper contends There is some good which person's tax returns for that a money source dictates can come from the R-J paper. years since 1970. professional actions. The au- As one publicized professor Now obviously, none of the thors have conveniently over- said, "This ought to give each of above choices is exactly public- looked the fact that universities us a reason to examine our spirited. However, one of these receive governmental support. consciences-and see what we options (the wastebasket) was Often, the government is in an are doing." offered by many of the profes- adversary position to industry. After such an exercise, sors who made the Rosenthal- Are legal positions of govern- many professors should be in a Jacobson corporate-connec- ment, backed by university re- position to take even stronger tions list. search, to be questioned-be- stands than they are now doing. There is a possibility that cause government has paid the Some who feel they have been the questionable tactics of bill for studies? Rosenthal-Ja- maligned can take steps to Rosenthal and Jacobson might cobson logic seems to dictate clear the record. cause many highly-educated, that that is the case. But motivated men and women into The General Accounting Inquiries from Congress a reluctant non-cooperation Office is part of the Congres- can and should be answered. with Congress. sional research system. Con- This (hopefully) gives knowl- This, of course, is troubling gress controls funds for its own edgeable people an opportunity at a time when some members research agencies. Should GAO for reasoned input at a time of Congress are looking at food and allied agency reports be when reasoned input is critical. and food-related issues. examined for pro-Congression- From discussions with the If Congress is ever to be al bias? "Rosenthal-Jacobson profes- educated about food-edt sors," it seems that the follow- cated as to both fact and delu- Negative Reaction ing is at least one course of ac- sion-this is no time for produc- Rosenthal was not totally tion: tive scientists to cop out. honest with his correspondants. 1. When Washington Blatherskites on the Potomac He offered no explanations; he writes, assume that the inquiry informed no correspondents is legitimate. The past few months have that he was collaborating with 2. Thank the Congress- seen the scientific community Jacobson (who has a dubious man for the opportunity to com- get a number of jolts. But none reputation among many scien- ment. Ask the who's, what's, has yet been the major quake tists); he gave no indication that why's, when's and where's. (Ask that will drive them, en masse, those who responded to in- for a reply by return mail. This out of their labs and into the quiries would have their integri- will give you an opportunity to streets for protest demonstra- ty impugned by a man cloaked register a protest about the mail tions. with Congressional immunity. system.) The R-J paper probably inevitably, some will cite 3. Prepare your response. won't be the straw that breaks Rosenthal's techniques as suf- Then, when the inquiring Con- backs either. It is just one more ficient reason to consider public gressman responds to your in- attack. servants as being of curious quiry, you can quickly respond Unfortunately, each new at- credibility. With that as a prem- to the Congressman's inquiry. tack is just absorbed; a few ise, non-cooperation could be- 5. Send carbons of all cor- more professionals become come an attitude. The losers will respondence to your own Con- disenchanted; a few more politi- be the people-not Rosenthal gressman. clans are perceived as dema- and Jacobson. Non-cooperation Failure to respond to legiti- gogues; and a few more by competent scientists would mate Congressional questions pseudo-professionals are thus leave the field to the Rosenthals only makes the situation worse. given leave to perform even and the Jacobsons. The citizen is the supreme per- more effectively in the resultant Tha possibility of conflict of son in this country. Congress- informational vacuum. interest-as pointed out in sev- persons work for you; they are Conflict of interest is a eral professorial answers to the your hirelings. Their pay centers serious charge involving an in- Rosenthal letters, is a germane on the public interest-not on dividual's ethics. Rosenthal and and proper inquiry. the Center for Science in the Jacobson are now on record as As such it is curious that Public interest. Circle 32 on Inquiry Card Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226 41 2-D THE MIAMI HERALD Saturday, January 3, 1976 ANN Ann Has Sweet Tooth and LANDERS Says Sugar's OK DEAR ANN: comes around they are never hun- I'm well aware that a steady diet gry because they snack on sweets of candy is bad for teeth, but my constantly. I don't know what these dental experts tell me that the quali- My cousin has three adorable kids do for nourishment. (They are ty of the teeth you inherit is just as children. I know it's none of my from five to 11 yearsold.) important as what you eat. business but I am very upset be- Please, Ann, tell this mother that The health faddists out there are cause these kids are growing up on sugar is poison. She'll listen to you. going to let me have it for this an- junk food. I'm sure it will ruin their - Concerned in Columbia swer (where are you, Sen. Proxmire teeth and cause all kinds of health (R., Wis.?) but as a lifelong candy, problemslater in life. cookie, pie and cake-eater, I must They eat candy, cookies, cake, say I have suffered no ill effects. In Ice cream and pastries every day. If sugar was poison, I'd have been all fairness I should tell you that Their mouths are always full of dead a long time ago. I'm an incura- along with the swects I eat nourish- chewing gum. When mealtime ble sweet-eater and have been a no- ing food, exercise 30 minutes every torious dessert nut for years. morning and walk three miles a day (Maybe it's my substitute for when I'm not traveling. (P.S. My booze.) ;weight is exactly the same today as it was 35 years ago.) THE WASHINGTON POST D4 Sunday, January 4, 1978 ADVICE= Tell This Mother Dear Ann Landers: Here's a That Sugar Is Poison delicate problem. We hope you can help us settle it. Dear C: If sugar were poison, year-old boy with a very em- My husband and I play bridge Dear Ann Landers: My barrassingiproblem About a with another couple at least I'd have been dead a long time cousin has three adorable week ago, 2 me guy streaked once a week. We rarely see ago. I'm an incurable sweet- children. I know it's none of my eater and have been a notorious through the inner court at our them otherwise. The stakes are business but I am very upsee dessert nut for years. (Maybe high school during lunchtime fairly high and it isn' unusual to because these kids are growing it's my substitute for booze.) He wore a stocking mask over win (or lose) $35 in an evening. up on junk food. I'm sure it will his entire head. I went home form Velosemoreoften than we win. I'm well aware that a steady ruin their teeth and cause all- lunch that ay-and no one saw. Last week both my husband diet of candy is bad for teeth, kinds of health problems later me leave the school. Now and I saw them signaling back but my dental experts tell me in life. rumors are going around that L and forth. Once I felt a kick un- that the quality of the teeth you am the kid who streaked! der the table, intended for Mrs. They eat candy, cookies. inherit is just as important as cake, ice cream and pastries I swear it wasn't me, Ann. but X. We are convinced that this what you eat. nobody believes me except my couple has been cheating. We every day. Their mouths are always full of chewing gum. The health faddists out there best friend. People I don't even lost $40. When mealtime comes around are going to let me have it for know come up to me and start Neither my husband nor I they are never hungry because this answer (where are you, singing, 'The Streak!" How want to play bridge with this they snack on sweets con- Sen. Proxmire?) but as a can I stop these stupid rumors? couple any more, but we don't lifelong candy, cookie, pie and - Red Faced know if we should tell them cake-eater, I must say I have Ann Landers Dear Red: He who excuses why. My husband says no - I suffered no ill effects. In all himself accuses himself. When say yes. What do you say? - fairness I should tell you that you stop the denials they will Taken stantly. I don't know whatthese along with the sweets I eat stop the accusations. Dear Taken: I'm with your kids do for nourishment (They nourishing food, exercise 30 husband. Accusations would are from 5 to 11 years of age.) minutes every morning and only result in denials and hard Please, Ann, tell this mother walk three miles a day when feelings. Simply say you've that sugar is poison. She'll I'm not traveling. (P.S. My become too busy to play bridge. listen to you. -Concerned weight is exactly the same to- End the relationship on a day as it was 35 years ago.) friendly note. Dear Ann Landers: I am a 16- 1976, Field Enterprises. Source: ndustrydlocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zIk0226

Which company is mentioned in the letter head?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

Great Western Sugar, Great Western Sugar Company

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

What is the date on which this article is published?

pmhk0226

pmhk0226_p0

Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973

THE DENVER POST Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973 51 $75 Million Due On '73 Beet Crop By JACK PHINNEY record and amounts to $17.15 a ton. It will Denver Post Business Writer go to about 4,000 growers in Colorado, Great Western Sugar Co. next week will Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming and Mon- make an initial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 tana. million for sugar beets in five states. In addition, $9.6 million in Sugar Act The company said the payment is a payments, derived from a federal tax on the sugar industry, will go to growers in the five states. This will bring the total to $84.8 million, or $19.33 a ton. The payments are for beets delivered before Nov. 5. Company payment for beets delivered after that will be made in mid-December. This year, because of ex- cellent harvest weather, 98 per cent of the crop was delivered before Nov. 5. The initial payment this year is $2.80 a ton greater than that of a year ago. Raw sugar prices currently are more than 20 per cent higher than they were a year ago. Growers will receive additional pay- ments for the 1973 crop in April and Oc- tober 1974, but these probably won't total more than 5 per cent of the initial payment. The 1973 beet crop in the five states was slightly below average in sugar content because of a poor growing season in some areas. In eastern Colorado and Western Kansas, for example, sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed plantings. But in other areas-the Lovell, Wyo., area for one-sugar content was up, and the initial 1973 crop payment to growers there will be more than the three-payment total they received for their 1972 crop. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pmhk0226

What is the date mentioned in this letter?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

December 28, 1976

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

What is Written on the truck?

jglk0226

jglk0226_p0, jglk0226_p1

Concrete, concrete

: Be. t Harvest Is ! Ahead of 1966 DENVER (AP) - The sugar beet harvest is about 15 per cent ahead of last year, the Col- orado Corp and Livestock Re- porting Service said today. The report said good yields and favorable sugar content are indicated in the early harvest. The agency said livestock re- main in fine condition after ex- cellent gains during the sum- mer. 11/1/67 Source: raction That you regular visitor. CONSTET LOVELAND READY-MIX CONCRETE INC. Phone 667-1108 for READY-MIXED CONCRETE WASHED SAND & GRAVEL 3 MILES WEST of LOVELAND Source

Who is the addressee in this letter?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

Mr. Bill Tatem, Bill

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

Who is the sender of this letter?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

C.D. Fleet, Jr.

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

What is Written in bold ?

jglk0226

jglk0226_p0, jglk0226_p1

Loveland, LOVELAND

: Be. t Harvest Is ! Ahead of 1966 DENVER (AP) - The sugar beet harvest is about 15 per cent ahead of last year, the Col- orado Corp and Livestock Re- porting Service said today. The report said good yields and favorable sugar content are indicated in the early harvest. The agency said livestock re- main in fine condition after ex- cellent gains during the sum- mer. 11/1/67 Source: raction That you regular visitor. CONSTET LOVELAND READY-MIX CONCRETE INC. Phone 667-1108 for READY-MIXED CONCRETE WASHED SAND & GRAVEL 3 MILES WEST of LOVELAND Source

What is the subject scheduled for the publication in "Today's Secretary"?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

healthful dieting

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

Who is Denver post business writer ?

pmhk0226

pmhk0226_p0

Jack Phinney, jack phinney

THE DENVER POST Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973 51 $75 Million Due On '73 Beet Crop By JACK PHINNEY record and amounts to $17.15 a ton. It will Denver Post Business Writer go to about 4,000 growers in Colorado, Great Western Sugar Co. next week will Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming and Mon- make an initial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 tana. million for sugar beets in five states. In addition, $9.6 million in Sugar Act The company said the payment is a payments, derived from a federal tax on the sugar industry, will go to growers in the five states. This will bring the total to $84.8 million, or $19.33 a ton. The payments are for beets delivered before Nov. 5. Company payment for beets delivered after that will be made in mid-December. This year, because of ex- cellent harvest weather, 98 per cent of the crop was delivered before Nov. 5. The initial payment this year is $2.80 a ton greater than that of a year ago. Raw sugar prices currently are more than 20 per cent higher than they were a year ago. Growers will receive additional pay- ments for the 1973 crop in April and Oc- tober 1974, but these probably won't total more than 5 per cent of the initial payment. The 1973 beet crop in the five states was slightly below average in sugar content because of a poor growing season in some areas. In eastern Colorado and Western Kansas, for example, sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed plantings. But in other areas-the Lovell, Wyo., area for one-sugar content was up, and the initial 1973 crop payment to growers there will be more than the three-payment total they received for their 1972 crop. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pmhk0226

What phone number is mentioned for ready-mix concrete, washed sand & gravel?

jglk0226

jglk0226_p0, jglk0226_p1

667-1108

: Be. t Harvest Is ! Ahead of 1966 DENVER (AP) - The sugar beet harvest is about 15 per cent ahead of last year, the Col- orado Corp and Livestock Re- porting Service said today. The report said good yields and favorable sugar content are indicated in the early harvest. The agency said livestock re- main in fine condition after ex- cellent gains during the sum- mer. 11/1/67 Source: raction That you regular visitor. CONSTET LOVELAND READY-MIX CONCRETE INC. Phone 667-1108 for READY-MIXED CONCRETE WASHED SAND & GRAVEL 3 MILES WEST of LOVELAND Source

In which city, The Sugar Association is located?

lzlk0226

lzlk0226_p0

Washington, D.C., Washington

Great Western Sugar COMPANY December 28, 1976 Mr. Bill Tatem The Sugar Association 1511 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 Dear Bill: It has been noted that the publication "Today's Secretary" is scheduling the subject of healthful dieting for their April issue. It would seem that this is a good opportunity to put in some good licks concerning sugar as a food and with a very good group. Very truly yours, C.D. Fleet, Jr. CC J. Powell J.L. Mark be Boswell POST OFFICE BOX 5308 DENVER. COLORADO 80217 (303) 893-4600 A SUBSIDIARY OF GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//zlk0226

What is written at the top in big fancy letters?

pjhk0226

pjhk0226_p0

GW TIMES

GWTIME PROFIT-MINDED TIPS FROM L. H. HENDERSON-DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL MANAGER SCOTTSBLUFF, NEBRASKA OCTOBER 15, 1973 The start of beet harvest is an appropriate time to talk about sugar content. As you proceed with your harvest, try to determine why one field has a higher or lower sugar percent than another. The sugar beet industry has tried for years to increase sugar and tonnage in order to improve profits. Much success has been obtained in increasing yields--sometimes at the expense of sugar content--while less success has been realized in increasing the percentage of sugar. We are now finding some answers to this complex problem. Nitrogen management, seed variety, and irrigation practices are three of the factors over which we have some control. Let us consider just one of them, nitro- gen management. Nitrogen is just one of the three major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth, but it is the one having a direct effect on sugar. We have known for many years that an excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time reduces sugar content. We haven't always been able to measure the amount of N available to the plant and consequently we couldn't determine exactly how much fertilizer to add. If we erred on the side of too little N, usually the result was too few tons per acre. Our ability to determine precisely the exact amount of N to add is much better than it used to be. This is so because improved soil testing methods have been developed and better sampling techniques and equipment are available to us. For the past two seasons we have been testing fields by sampling them to the six foot depth. Sugar beet roots extend into the soil to depths as great as eight feet. Experimental work has shown that beets have the ability to use plant nutrients from the lower soil depths if the upper soil is deficient. Six foot deep soil probes have shown that some notoriously low sugar content farms have enough residual nitrogen to produce two maxi- mum crops of beets without the addition of any nitrogen fertilizer. Impor- tant amounts of this is often located at soil depths below twenty-four inches. The addition of nitrogen fertilizer to such fields usually increases the problem by further reducing sugar content. We have arranged with the University of Nebraska to test soil samples for sugar beet fields again this fall. We will provide a deep soil sampling service starting October 8. The cost of the sampling and tests to a grower or landowner will be only $6 per field. The standard test will be for a six foot profile showing Soil PH, % Organic Matter, Residual Nitrate, Phos- phorous, Potassium, and Excess Lime. An extra charge will be made for minor element determination if requested. Recommendations for fertilizer application based on these tests will be made by District Extention Soils Specialist Louis Daigger of the University of Nebraska Panhandle Station. He will send his recommendations directly to the farmer. This service is a real opportunity for you to help yourself to a more profitable beet crop in the future. A1 though the system needs further re- finement, it is by far the best we know of and it can be improved only by extending its use. Contact your GW Agriculturist or call Scottsbluff 635-3794 to order your deep soil test. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pjhk0226

What is the P.O.Box no given?

lplh0227

lplh0227_p0, lplh0227_p1, lplh0227_p2

P.O. Box 523, 523

GREAT WESTERN UNITED CORPORATION 716 METROBANK BUILDING DENVER, COLORADO 80202 303/893-4300 Corporate Headquarters Ms. Gail Zambrano Food Institute Digest P. 0. Box 523 Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410 June 6, 1977 Dear Ms. Zambrano: The April 30th edition of the Food Institute's Weekly Digest featured an article "Fast Food Pizza Industry Still Growing, Led by Pizza Hut" which mentioned Shakey's Incorporated, a subsidiary of Great Western United Corporation. In a recent phone conversation with you, I pro- posed that Great Western United provide your publication with further details concerning Shakey's new developments and innovations. This article describing Shakey's unique position in the pizza industry is enclosed for your information. Should you have any questions concerning the article or Shakey's, please contact me. Thank you. Sincerely, Margant Marply Maripat Murphy Corporate Communications Source: :https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lplh0227 Attn: Gail Zambrano P.O. bor 523 Food Institute Digest 28-06 Broadway Fair lawn, N.T. 07410 (201) 791-5570 Source: FOOD INSTITUTE'S WEEKLY DIGEST FAIR LAWN, N.J. W. CIRC. N. AVAIL. APR 30 1977 Beffers Fast Food Pizza Industry Still Growing, Led by Pizza Hut Food Institute Staff Report Perhaps because of the fragmentation of restricted to existing franchise Italian sausage) have been added. To the pizza and Italian restaurant industry, exact holders, is also the only pizza chain see how these new products add to measurement of the fast food pizza business with enough units (2,679 system-wide, the revenues of an average Pizza Hut seems to be hazardous at best. However, in including 115 foreign units at the end operating unit, the sales mix is this analysis an attempt will be made to put of last year) for a television network currently 68% pizza, 8.9% soft into some order the available data on the advertising campaign and one of only beverages, 7.1% beer, 6.5% pasta, industry to determine its size, the individual five foodservice chains of any type 4.8% sandwiches, 4.4% salads, and company sales leaders and their market share, that currently is on national 0.3% other products. (Where allowed as well as the number of units they operate, television. Pizza Hut was the fourth by local law, wine has been a along with menu expansions and changes, and largest foodservice TV advertiser in specialty item offered by pizza diversification into or withdrawal from other 1976 with $7.5 million (out of a total restaurants). Saga's Straw Hat units areas of fast food. ad budget of $8 million), up from $6.2 are offering thicker deeper dish pizza Although there seems to be no million spent in 1975. and a line of sandwiches formulated current bona fide measurement of the Other major industry factors from pizza dough that are called Hot size of the fast food pizza industry include Pizza Inn, Inc., the second Hats. Shakey's is also offering thick today, a recent U.S. Department of largest operator and third largest crust pizza and deli pizza, and is also Commerce study placed 1976 sales at franchisor of pizza restaurants in the trying to come up with a chain-wide some $1.1 billion, and with an U.S., with 1976 revenues of $51.8 sandwich program. Pasquale Pizza is estimated growth of 24%, 1977's million and 525 units operating at the offering pasta and sandwiches in industry sales are estimated at end of 1976; Saga Corp.'s Straw Hat addition to pizza. Cassano's, almost $1.4 billion. Some 46 major Pizza restaurants with estimated previously thought of as a carryout firms are listed as part of the sales of $48.5 million, based on 202 pizza operation, now has expanded its industry (although only those total units (123 company-owned and menu to include seafood. Also currently engaged in franchise 79 franchised), with average store experimenting with new products is licensing are included), with 5,849 sales volume per year of $240,000; Dino's Inc., 135-unit Garden City, units being operated in 1976 while Shakey's a 530-unit subsidiary of Mich. chain, whose take-out 6,756 are expected to be in operation Great Western United Corp., with operations offer square (deep dish) this year - a 16% increase. Sales 1976 sales pegged at $24.8 million and and round pizzas, spaghetti, ravioli through pizza chains have gone from a total advertising budget for 1976 of and submarine sandwiches; sit-down about $300 million in 1972 to more about $2.5 million; Domino's Pizza, dining facilities are also offered by than $1 billion currently, tripling Inc., with estimated sales of $24 the firm at its Dino's Parlors, which during the four-year period. million derived from 35 provide menu selections of lasagne, Pizza's rate of sales is allegedly the company-operated and 85 franchised mostacciolli, veal parmesan, highest of eight fast food industry units; Sir Pizza International, antipasto, salad bar, beer, wine and categories recently studied, with the operator of Sir Pizza, Mr. Pizza and sometimes liquor. exception of seafood chains which Pizza King restaurants, of which 25 Menu expansion to include experienced a five-fold increase in are company-operated and 127 are breakfast is so far not being sales over the same period (although franchised, with estimated sales of attempted or even mentioned by pizza some claim the Mexican fast food $14 million; Pasquale Food Co., with restaurants. In fact, the Chain market is growing most rapidly). 1976 sales of $12.6 million derived Restaurant Eating-Out Share Trends Fast food pizza units are estimated to from 234 locations in 19 states. (CREST) figures reported by the have done average sales per unit Another relatively large factor is National Restaurant Association (both company-owned Cassano's Inc., which operates 75 indicated no distribution of dollars for franchised) of $192,847 last year, with company units and 19 franchised. breakfast meal occasions at pizza a 5% gain expected this year to Formerly operated under the Cassano restaurants for the period December $203,330. Pizza units receive 56% of Pizza King name, the restaurants 1975 through February 1976. Pizza Hut sales from white collar households, were renamed last year to Cassano's notes that it has three distinct 33% from blue collar and the Pizza & Seafood. No current sales revenue periods: lunch, dinner and remaining 11% from other groups. figures are available. late night, providing unit sales of Undoubtedly the industry leader is Menus Are Expanding 20%, 40% and 40% respectively. Pizza Hut, Inc., which registered 1976 New product introduction is At Pizza Hut, expansion has also fiscal sales (through Mar. 31) of coordinated through the marketing meant attempting new concepts, such $244.8 million. On the basis of its and research and development as hamburgers and Mexican food. six-month sales figures through Sept. departments at Pizza Hut. The Pizza Hut abandoned the hamburger 30, Pizza Hut System captured 3.4% Wichita, Kan.-based firm attempts to concept after losing money, and more of the total $14.5 billion chain res- maintain at least three products in recently withdrew from the Mexican taurant segment of the foodservice the test stage at all times. This has restaurant endeavor by completely market, with company-owned units' resulted in the baked pasta program abandoning its Fiesta Cantina. share placed at 2.1%. However, on the with the introduction of spaghetti in However, testing is continuing of the basis of only pizza chain restaurant 1974, cavatini pasta in 1975 and Applegate's Landing operation (two sales, Pizza Hut accounted for thick'n Chewy pizza in 1975 and 1976. company-owned and five franchised approximately 22% of 1976 sales. In addition, salad bars and two new units), which is described as a more Pizza Hut, where franchising now is sandwich products (meatball and extensive pizza restaurant. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lplh0227

what is the title of this page?

pmhk0226

pmhk0226_p0

"$75 Million due on 73 beet crop", "$75 Million Due on 73 Beet Crop"

THE DENVER POST Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973 51 $75 Million Due On '73 Beet Crop By JACK PHINNEY record and amounts to $17.15 a ton. It will Denver Post Business Writer go to about 4,000 growers in Colorado, Great Western Sugar Co. next week will Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming and Mon- make an initial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 tana. million for sugar beets in five states. In addition, $9.6 million in Sugar Act The company said the payment is a payments, derived from a federal tax on the sugar industry, will go to growers in the five states. This will bring the total to $84.8 million, or $19.33 a ton. The payments are for beets delivered before Nov. 5. Company payment for beets delivered after that will be made in mid-December. This year, because of ex- cellent harvest weather, 98 per cent of the crop was delivered before Nov. 5. The initial payment this year is $2.80 a ton greater than that of a year ago. Raw sugar prices currently are more than 20 per cent higher than they were a year ago. Growers will receive additional pay- ments for the 1973 crop in April and Oc- tober 1974, but these probably won't total more than 5 per cent of the initial payment. The 1973 beet crop in the five states was slightly below average in sugar content because of a poor growing season in some areas. In eastern Colorado and Western Kansas, for example, sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed plantings. But in other areas-the Lovell, Wyo., area for one-sugar content was up, and the initial 1973 crop payment to growers there will be more than the three-payment total they received for their 1972 crop. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pmhk0226

What date is mentioned in this page at the top right?

pjhk0226

pjhk0226_p0

October 15, 1973

GWTIME PROFIT-MINDED TIPS FROM L. H. HENDERSON-DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL MANAGER SCOTTSBLUFF, NEBRASKA OCTOBER 15, 1973 The start of beet harvest is an appropriate time to talk about sugar content. As you proceed with your harvest, try to determine why one field has a higher or lower sugar percent than another. The sugar beet industry has tried for years to increase sugar and tonnage in order to improve profits. Much success has been obtained in increasing yields--sometimes at the expense of sugar content--while less success has been realized in increasing the percentage of sugar. We are now finding some answers to this complex problem. Nitrogen management, seed variety, and irrigation practices are three of the factors over which we have some control. Let us consider just one of them, nitro- gen management. Nitrogen is just one of the three major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth, but it is the one having a direct effect on sugar. We have known for many years that an excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time reduces sugar content. We haven't always been able to measure the amount of N available to the plant and consequently we couldn't determine exactly how much fertilizer to add. If we erred on the side of too little N, usually the result was too few tons per acre. Our ability to determine precisely the exact amount of N to add is much better than it used to be. This is so because improved soil testing methods have been developed and better sampling techniques and equipment are available to us. For the past two seasons we have been testing fields by sampling them to the six foot depth. Sugar beet roots extend into the soil to depths as great as eight feet. Experimental work has shown that beets have the ability to use plant nutrients from the lower soil depths if the upper soil is deficient. Six foot deep soil probes have shown that some notoriously low sugar content farms have enough residual nitrogen to produce two maxi- mum crops of beets without the addition of any nitrogen fertilizer. Impor- tant amounts of this is often located at soil depths below twenty-four inches. The addition of nitrogen fertilizer to such fields usually increases the problem by further reducing sugar content. We have arranged with the University of Nebraska to test soil samples for sugar beet fields again this fall. We will provide a deep soil sampling service starting October 8. The cost of the sampling and tests to a grower or landowner will be only $6 per field. The standard test will be for a six foot profile showing Soil PH, % Organic Matter, Residual Nitrate, Phos- phorous, Potassium, and Excess Lime. An extra charge will be made for minor element determination if requested. Recommendations for fertilizer application based on these tests will be made by District Extention Soils Specialist Louis Daigger of the University of Nebraska Panhandle Station. He will send his recommendations directly to the farmer. This service is a real opportunity for you to help yourself to a more profitable beet crop in the future. A1 though the system needs further re- finement, it is by far the best we know of and it can be improved only by extending its use. Contact your GW Agriculturist or call Scottsbluff 635-3794 to order your deep soil test. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pjhk0226

What is the name of the newspaper?

mxmk0226

mxmk0226_p0, mxmk0226_p1, mxmk0226_p2

The New York Times, The New York times

The Living Section C1 FOOD DAY/STYLE/ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1976 The New Hork Times In Defense of Eating Rich Food By CRAIG CLAIBORNE ARANOIA, thy name is the P American diet. Butter, eggs and cream-the absolute foun- dations of haute cuisine-have become the dreaded Gorgons, the ab- solute no-nos, the menace foods of the century. And, lo, the poor Americans! The poor devils given to gluttony, covetous of eternal youth and simultaneously beset on all sides by merchants of fright and hysteria, quake at the thought of them. If I were to write a diet cookbook for people who wish to eat well, lose weight and live in robust good health, it would contain exactly two words: Eat less. Or, perhaps, seven words: Savor your food but eat in moderation. Under no circumstances would my sane and serious but short volume suc- cumb to the idea that those foods that have nourished this nation for a couple but of hundred years must be banished from the diet in the name of eternal in small youth or theories about health that remain matters of debate among the portions scientists. But Americans have become a na- tion of culinary schizophrenics, living in mortal dread of high-calorie foods and shunning some of the greatest ly pleasures gorging of themselves the table while all mindless- sorts on of plain and junk foods in quantity and without apology. OVER Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk022 In this atmosphere, almost no food consumed to- séll substitutes-egg substitutes, sugar substitutes, day has escaped suspicion, Highest on the list,.. of tream substifutes-ad infinitum. course, are animal fats including, of course, butter Who would dare remonstrate if the Recond in line are the manufacturers who zero in and cream; milk, eggs charcoal-grilled foods, drink- average American goes to a ball game; on America's obsessive desire for eternal youth. No ing water, supermarket flour, sugar, salt, canned and downs six or more hot dogs along maiter how old you are, a slender physique is goods (they might contáin botulism), and various with a matching number of cold beers? equated with youth. Thus, Americans will buy any spices, including cardamom. Or if the palate is placated with two product, practice any ritual that promises that image. That is to say nothing whatever of the produce or or a downed three with hamburgers followed whole pizza with Via Madison Avenue, the public psyche is bombarded from oceans and rivers, including clams, oysters and a Coke and with advertisements promoting products that prom- swordfish; smoked foods in general, including ham a banana split? It's only the sign of a ise to arrest or suspend or, at the very least, cover and bacon and presumably Scotch whisky; bean paste happy husband or a boy or girl with a up the encroachment of age. of Chinese cookery, monosodium glutamate and so healthy American appetite. Tradition. Thus the masses are brainwashed into loading on. The American way. their shopping carts with the latest in egg substitutes A person susceptible to suggestions of disaster is But deep-seated feelings of guilt and butter substitutes and milk substitutes and impelled to go on a diet of pale toast and forget it. blossom in the Yankee at hollandaise breast and the cream substitutes. And artificial sweeteners and diet Most Americans do something else. Filled with colas. their fears and yearning for endless youth, they turn sight of cream soups, béarnaise maltre d'hôtel sauces, steak; an- creamed main dishes, against what they regard as "fancy dishes"-mostly butters for of European origin and particularly those of French chovy creams whipped foreign if des- it butter for broiled fish; pastry origin. and any cream They react with aversion to the thought of a spoon- is to be spooned over a ful of béarnaise sauce on a steak, even a very small sert such as a gâteau St. Honoré or a filet mignon. And yet they will consume a large porterhouse; because of its size, it is infinitely more Viennese torte. Dining in this country is a bewilder- fattening. ing Everest of paradoxes and to my They will drink two or three sugar-laden apéritifs mind one of the biggest revolves or cocktails, at a cocktail party, followed after dinner around the American use-and nonuse by a sweet liqueur, only to arise the next morning and piously drop a sugar-substitute in their coffee. - butter. I am constantly flabbergasted when And what of those vacuous, irresistible, high-calo- rie cocktail companions-roasted salted peanuts; I visit a steak house and the meat cheese dips with their attendant scoops in the form of paralogism served without is this: The management, is melted butter. The crisp wafers, crackers, toast, cheese-flavored crack- at the same meal, unhesitatingly servés ers sculptured into a shape of fish; popcorn soggy limitless patron, unhesitátingly side and the butter on the with oil and butter; and potato chips? almost equally To my mind there are few things more vulgar and and spreads then this frequeritly on bread, asks consumes for it deplorable in this country, and which contribute more, ,more to obesity, than the thoughtless quantities of more bread, more butter. food that restaurants pile on the plates of a people of over But butter just were melted and this poured if a fraction of amount raised to "finish everything." of When I have broached the subject of this swill- tht steak it would enormously enhance .before-swine largesse to responsible restaurateurs, the meat's flavor and general palata- they have contended that they are simply catering to bility. their customers' desires. It is my feeling that they are catering, actually, to a maw of gluttons rather than to a clientele with discriminating palates. As I see it, !the little foxes, that Apropos of this, about 15 years ago, Pierre Franey, the vines"-the chief culprits then the chef at the fabled Le Pavillon Restaurant spoil give a bad name to the pleasures and now my collaborator and this newspaper's 60- who Minute Gourmet, drove through France with me on of the table-are two. Chief among them are the fright an eating tour of two, and often three, large meals a day. merchants, both large and small, who After three days, I found such immense quantities of food burdensome, and thereafter I became a taster of foods, leaving large portions uneaten on my plate. Pierre was humiliated, Quelle horreur! What would his colleagues feel upon seeing so much food return to the kitchen? So he would cat not only all the food on his plate but all on mine that had gone untasted! But now, many years later, he, too, has learned the wisdom of moderation; on occasion, out of the corner of my eye, I have seen him leave a few mor- sels, even at the risk of embarrassing his colleagues behind those swinging doors. MARE Source: https:/lwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226 It is my conviction that the chief causes of obesity But to most Americans in 1976 a diet means avoid- in this country are anxiety, tension, fear, frustration ing any foods that tend to be fattening. and related emotional conditions. It is only natural This, of course, is not to say that avoiding fatten- that anyone at odds with the world yearns naturally ing foods or simply following the rule of eating all for creature comfort. Since the cradle, the mind has things in moderation is the panacea for all problems known that the body will respond with signals of of health and weight. We all know that diabetics reassurance when liquids and solids are taken into and those with seriously high cholesterol must shun the mouth. certain things at the risk of life itself. And that The food or drink that will reassure is peculiar gout sufferers-a group to which I formerly belonged to the individual. For every person who can be sated -and others know too that they must avoid certain by a glass of cold milk and a candy bar (or several foods or risk frightening setbacks to their well-being. glasses of cold milk and several candy bars), there But at this point I am addressing myself essentially are others (compounding the crime to the body) who to those who are in general good health. may be soothed only by double martinis or a steak I am convinced that the good state of my own the size of the Manhattan teléphone directory. health is without doubt attributable to my early Great magnitude need not characterize the anxiety schooling in Mississippi. We were taught in elemen- and frustration that ignites an eating binge. Dinner tary school the basics of good nutrition. The rules delayed by an hour causes me to drink more and were simple and few. eat more. Woe be unto the host or hostess who The body should be fed three times a day. The schedules dinner at 8 and sits me down (or props diet should contain, each day, some form of meat me up) for dinner at midnight. or poultry and, on occasion, fish; a starch such as Unfortunately the average American has very potatoes or rice; some form of dairy products, includ- little appreciation of the food that is placed before ing_mills, cheese; leggs in any of various the same plane as music and dance. The experience forms, including desserts; greens in the form of of dining well- knowledgeable and sensual en- vegetables and salads; and a sweet, including per- joyment of food-should be the same fine art. It can haps, fruit's and melons, And all of this done always be compared to the conoisseurship of listening to in moderation music with a keen ear or watching dance with an educated eye. I have spent the bulk of my adult life in writing about dining well and great cooking, and by great The enjoyment of eating should be an attentive cooking I do not mean the haute cuisine of France thing, free of impediments and distractions. There to the exclusion of all others. should be as little conversation as possible, barring I love hamburgers and chili con carne and hot a few murmured words of approval, an approving dogs. And foie gras and sauternes and those small nod here and there and a brief sigh or two to indi- birds known as ortlolans. I like the wines of Spain cate shared ecstacy. and Italy and of California and the Rhine Valley Grievously, few people are aware of this. To them as well as I do burgundies and bordeaux. I love the only true, convincing medium of approval is talk, barquettes of quail eggs with hollandaise sauce talk talk. And more talk. and clambakes with lobsters dipped in so much but- The reason for such a commonplace absence of ter it dribbles down the chin. I like cheesecake and civility is simple enough. Most people respond almost crêpes filled with cream sauces and strawberries with solely to surface tastes. They are not aware, do not crème-frâche. understand the myriad nuances of dining well that And I try to love the people who deplore these have to do not only with flavors and temperatures enthusiasms. and textures (and visual stimuli) but with the highly I do not sit at table, my mind poisoned with anx- complex sensory perceptions of the tongue, the ities about foods I am about to put in my mouth, throat, the salivary glands. be it cream sauces or clear consommés. I approach Most people are aware that food-where tempera- a meal with the blissful knowledge that I will not ture is concerned-is hot, cold or lukewarm. That overeat and will, therefore, enjoy the blessings that it possesses one of the four basic tastes: sour, sweet, the good Lord has seen fit to provide my table with. bitter or salty. That it is highly spiced or bland. And if I am abbreviating my stay on this earth But they do not appraise these factors in a natural for an hour or so, I say only that I have no desire and detached manner, and thus thèy are reduced to be a Methuselah, a hundred or more years old to gluttony. Small wonder then that so many and still alive, grace be to something that plugs thousands of Americans can watch television while into an electric outlet. dining. I am appalled that the teen-agers and young adults of today have no notion of the basics of a proper diet. A diet is, of course, purely and simply the varieties of foods eaten on a fairly steady basis. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226

What is the head line of this news?

mxmk0226

mxmk0226_p0, mxmk0226_p1, mxmk0226_p2

In Defense of Eating Rich Food...

The Living Section C1 FOOD DAY/STYLE/ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1976 The New Hork Times In Defense of Eating Rich Food By CRAIG CLAIBORNE ARANOIA, thy name is the P American diet. Butter, eggs and cream-the absolute foun- dations of haute cuisine-have become the dreaded Gorgons, the ab- solute no-nos, the menace foods of the century. And, lo, the poor Americans! The poor devils given to gluttony, covetous of eternal youth and simultaneously beset on all sides by merchants of fright and hysteria, quake at the thought of them. If I were to write a diet cookbook for people who wish to eat well, lose weight and live in robust good health, it would contain exactly two words: Eat less. Or, perhaps, seven words: Savor your food but eat in moderation. Under no circumstances would my sane and serious but short volume suc- cumb to the idea that those foods that have nourished this nation for a couple but of hundred years must be banished from the diet in the name of eternal in small youth or theories about health that remain matters of debate among the portions scientists. But Americans have become a na- tion of culinary schizophrenics, living in mortal dread of high-calorie foods and shunning some of the greatest ly pleasures gorging of themselves the table while all mindless- sorts on of plain and junk foods in quantity and without apology. OVER Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk022 In this atmosphere, almost no food consumed to- séll substitutes-egg substitutes, sugar substitutes, day has escaped suspicion, Highest on the list,.. of tream substifutes-ad infinitum. course, are animal fats including, of course, butter Who would dare remonstrate if the Recond in line are the manufacturers who zero in and cream; milk, eggs charcoal-grilled foods, drink- average American goes to a ball game; on America's obsessive desire for eternal youth. No ing water, supermarket flour, sugar, salt, canned and downs six or more hot dogs along maiter how old you are, a slender physique is goods (they might contáin botulism), and various with a matching number of cold beers? equated with youth. Thus, Americans will buy any spices, including cardamom. Or if the palate is placated with two product, practice any ritual that promises that image. That is to say nothing whatever of the produce or or a downed three with hamburgers followed whole pizza with Via Madison Avenue, the public psyche is bombarded from oceans and rivers, including clams, oysters and a Coke and with advertisements promoting products that prom- swordfish; smoked foods in general, including ham a banana split? It's only the sign of a ise to arrest or suspend or, at the very least, cover and bacon and presumably Scotch whisky; bean paste happy husband or a boy or girl with a up the encroachment of age. of Chinese cookery, monosodium glutamate and so healthy American appetite. Tradition. Thus the masses are brainwashed into loading on. The American way. their shopping carts with the latest in egg substitutes A person susceptible to suggestions of disaster is But deep-seated feelings of guilt and butter substitutes and milk substitutes and impelled to go on a diet of pale toast and forget it. blossom in the Yankee at hollandaise breast and the cream substitutes. And artificial sweeteners and diet Most Americans do something else. Filled with colas. their fears and yearning for endless youth, they turn sight of cream soups, béarnaise maltre d'hôtel sauces, steak; an- creamed main dishes, against what they regard as "fancy dishes"-mostly butters for of European origin and particularly those of French chovy creams whipped foreign if des- it butter for broiled fish; pastry origin. and any cream They react with aversion to the thought of a spoon- is to be spooned over a ful of béarnaise sauce on a steak, even a very small sert such as a gâteau St. Honoré or a filet mignon. And yet they will consume a large porterhouse; because of its size, it is infinitely more Viennese torte. Dining in this country is a bewilder- fattening. ing Everest of paradoxes and to my They will drink two or three sugar-laden apéritifs mind one of the biggest revolves or cocktails, at a cocktail party, followed after dinner around the American use-and nonuse by a sweet liqueur, only to arise the next morning and piously drop a sugar-substitute in their coffee. - butter. I am constantly flabbergasted when And what of those vacuous, irresistible, high-calo- rie cocktail companions-roasted salted peanuts; I visit a steak house and the meat cheese dips with their attendant scoops in the form of paralogism served without is this: The management, is melted butter. The crisp wafers, crackers, toast, cheese-flavored crack- at the same meal, unhesitatingly servés ers sculptured into a shape of fish; popcorn soggy limitless patron, unhesitátingly side and the butter on the with oil and butter; and potato chips? almost equally To my mind there are few things more vulgar and and spreads then this frequeritly on bread, asks consumes for it deplorable in this country, and which contribute more, ,more to obesity, than the thoughtless quantities of more bread, more butter. food that restaurants pile on the plates of a people of over But butter just were melted and this poured if a fraction of amount raised to "finish everything." of When I have broached the subject of this swill- tht steak it would enormously enhance .before-swine largesse to responsible restaurateurs, the meat's flavor and general palata- they have contended that they are simply catering to bility. their customers' desires. It is my feeling that they are catering, actually, to a maw of gluttons rather than to a clientele with discriminating palates. As I see it, !the little foxes, that Apropos of this, about 15 years ago, Pierre Franey, the vines"-the chief culprits then the chef at the fabled Le Pavillon Restaurant spoil give a bad name to the pleasures and now my collaborator and this newspaper's 60- who Minute Gourmet, drove through France with me on of the table-are two. Chief among them are the fright an eating tour of two, and often three, large meals a day. merchants, both large and small, who After three days, I found such immense quantities of food burdensome, and thereafter I became a taster of foods, leaving large portions uneaten on my plate. Pierre was humiliated, Quelle horreur! What would his colleagues feel upon seeing so much food return to the kitchen? So he would cat not only all the food on his plate but all on mine that had gone untasted! But now, many years later, he, too, has learned the wisdom of moderation; on occasion, out of the corner of my eye, I have seen him leave a few mor- sels, even at the risk of embarrassing his colleagues behind those swinging doors. MARE Source: https:/lwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226 It is my conviction that the chief causes of obesity But to most Americans in 1976 a diet means avoid- in this country are anxiety, tension, fear, frustration ing any foods that tend to be fattening. and related emotional conditions. It is only natural This, of course, is not to say that avoiding fatten- that anyone at odds with the world yearns naturally ing foods or simply following the rule of eating all for creature comfort. Since the cradle, the mind has things in moderation is the panacea for all problems known that the body will respond with signals of of health and weight. We all know that diabetics reassurance when liquids and solids are taken into and those with seriously high cholesterol must shun the mouth. certain things at the risk of life itself. And that The food or drink that will reassure is peculiar gout sufferers-a group to which I formerly belonged to the individual. For every person who can be sated -and others know too that they must avoid certain by a glass of cold milk and a candy bar (or several foods or risk frightening setbacks to their well-being. glasses of cold milk and several candy bars), there But at this point I am addressing myself essentially are others (compounding the crime to the body) who to those who are in general good health. may be soothed only by double martinis or a steak I am convinced that the good state of my own the size of the Manhattan teléphone directory. health is without doubt attributable to my early Great magnitude need not characterize the anxiety schooling in Mississippi. We were taught in elemen- and frustration that ignites an eating binge. Dinner tary school the basics of good nutrition. The rules delayed by an hour causes me to drink more and were simple and few. eat more. Woe be unto the host or hostess who The body should be fed three times a day. The schedules dinner at 8 and sits me down (or props diet should contain, each day, some form of meat me up) for dinner at midnight. or poultry and, on occasion, fish; a starch such as Unfortunately the average American has very potatoes or rice; some form of dairy products, includ- little appreciation of the food that is placed before ing_mills, cheese; leggs in any of various the same plane as music and dance. The experience forms, including desserts; greens in the form of of dining well- knowledgeable and sensual en- vegetables and salads; and a sweet, including per- joyment of food-should be the same fine art. It can haps, fruit's and melons, And all of this done always be compared to the conoisseurship of listening to in moderation music with a keen ear or watching dance with an educated eye. I have spent the bulk of my adult life in writing about dining well and great cooking, and by great The enjoyment of eating should be an attentive cooking I do not mean the haute cuisine of France thing, free of impediments and distractions. There to the exclusion of all others. should be as little conversation as possible, barring I love hamburgers and chili con carne and hot a few murmured words of approval, an approving dogs. And foie gras and sauternes and those small nod here and there and a brief sigh or two to indi- birds known as ortlolans. I like the wines of Spain cate shared ecstacy. and Italy and of California and the Rhine Valley Grievously, few people are aware of this. To them as well as I do burgundies and bordeaux. I love the only true, convincing medium of approval is talk, barquettes of quail eggs with hollandaise sauce talk talk. And more talk. and clambakes with lobsters dipped in so much but- The reason for such a commonplace absence of ter it dribbles down the chin. I like cheesecake and civility is simple enough. Most people respond almost crêpes filled with cream sauces and strawberries with solely to surface tastes. They are not aware, do not crème-frâche. understand the myriad nuances of dining well that And I try to love the people who deplore these have to do not only with flavors and temperatures enthusiasms. and textures (and visual stimuli) but with the highly I do not sit at table, my mind poisoned with anx- complex sensory perceptions of the tongue, the ities about foods I am about to put in my mouth, throat, the salivary glands. be it cream sauces or clear consommés. I approach Most people are aware that food-where tempera- a meal with the blissful knowledge that I will not ture is concerned-is hot, cold or lukewarm. That overeat and will, therefore, enjoy the blessings that it possesses one of the four basic tastes: sour, sweet, the good Lord has seen fit to provide my table with. bitter or salty. That it is highly spiced or bland. And if I am abbreviating my stay on this earth But they do not appraise these factors in a natural for an hour or so, I say only that I have no desire and detached manner, and thus thèy are reduced to be a Methuselah, a hundred or more years old to gluttony. Small wonder then that so many and still alive, grace be to something that plugs thousands of Americans can watch television while into an electric outlet. dining. I am appalled that the teen-agers and young adults of today have no notion of the basics of a proper diet. A diet is, of course, purely and simply the varieties of foods eaten on a fairly steady basis. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226

what is the major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth?

pjhk0226

pjhk0226_p0

Nitrogen

GWTIME PROFIT-MINDED TIPS FROM L. H. HENDERSON-DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL MANAGER SCOTTSBLUFF, NEBRASKA OCTOBER 15, 1973 The start of beet harvest is an appropriate time to talk about sugar content. As you proceed with your harvest, try to determine why one field has a higher or lower sugar percent than another. The sugar beet industry has tried for years to increase sugar and tonnage in order to improve profits. Much success has been obtained in increasing yields--sometimes at the expense of sugar content--while less success has been realized in increasing the percentage of sugar. We are now finding some answers to this complex problem. Nitrogen management, seed variety, and irrigation practices are three of the factors over which we have some control. Let us consider just one of them, nitro- gen management. Nitrogen is just one of the three major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth, but it is the one having a direct effect on sugar. We have known for many years that an excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time reduces sugar content. We haven't always been able to measure the amount of N available to the plant and consequently we couldn't determine exactly how much fertilizer to add. If we erred on the side of too little N, usually the result was too few tons per acre. Our ability to determine precisely the exact amount of N to add is much better than it used to be. This is so because improved soil testing methods have been developed and better sampling techniques and equipment are available to us. For the past two seasons we have been testing fields by sampling them to the six foot depth. Sugar beet roots extend into the soil to depths as great as eight feet. Experimental work has shown that beets have the ability to use plant nutrients from the lower soil depths if the upper soil is deficient. Six foot deep soil probes have shown that some notoriously low sugar content farms have enough residual nitrogen to produce two maxi- mum crops of beets without the addition of any nitrogen fertilizer. Impor- tant amounts of this is often located at soil depths below twenty-four inches. The addition of nitrogen fertilizer to such fields usually increases the problem by further reducing sugar content. We have arranged with the University of Nebraska to test soil samples for sugar beet fields again this fall. We will provide a deep soil sampling service starting October 8. The cost of the sampling and tests to a grower or landowner will be only $6 per field. The standard test will be for a six foot profile showing Soil PH, % Organic Matter, Residual Nitrate, Phos- phorous, Potassium, and Excess Lime. An extra charge will be made for minor element determination if requested. Recommendations for fertilizer application based on these tests will be made by District Extention Soils Specialist Louis Daigger of the University of Nebraska Panhandle Station. He will send his recommendations directly to the farmer. This service is a real opportunity for you to help yourself to a more profitable beet crop in the future. A1 though the system needs further re- finement, it is by far the best we know of and it can be improved only by extending its use. Contact your GW Agriculturist or call Scottsbluff 635-3794 to order your deep soil test. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pjhk0226

which company next week will make an intial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 million for sugar beets in five states?

pmhk0226

pmhk0226_p0

great western sugar Co., Great Western Sugar Co.

THE DENVER POST Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973 51 $75 Million Due On '73 Beet Crop By JACK PHINNEY record and amounts to $17.15 a ton. It will Denver Post Business Writer go to about 4,000 growers in Colorado, Great Western Sugar Co. next week will Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming and Mon- make an initial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 tana. million for sugar beets in five states. In addition, $9.6 million in Sugar Act The company said the payment is a payments, derived from a federal tax on the sugar industry, will go to growers in the five states. This will bring the total to $84.8 million, or $19.33 a ton. The payments are for beets delivered before Nov. 5. Company payment for beets delivered after that will be made in mid-December. This year, because of ex- cellent harvest weather, 98 per cent of the crop was delivered before Nov. 5. The initial payment this year is $2.80 a ton greater than that of a year ago. Raw sugar prices currently are more than 20 per cent higher than they were a year ago. Growers will receive additional pay- ments for the 1973 crop in April and Oc- tober 1974, but these probably won't total more than 5 per cent of the initial payment. The 1973 beet crop in the five states was slightly below average in sugar content because of a poor growing season in some areas. In eastern Colorado and Western Kansas, for example, sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed plantings. But in other areas-the Lovell, Wyo., area for one-sugar content was up, and the initial 1973 crop payment to growers there will be more than the three-payment total they received for their 1972 crop. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pmhk0226

Who is the News writer?

mxmk0226

mxmk0226_p0, mxmk0226_p1, mxmk0226_p2

CRAIG CLAIBORNE

The Living Section C1 FOOD DAY/STYLE/ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1976 The New Hork Times In Defense of Eating Rich Food By CRAIG CLAIBORNE ARANOIA, thy name is the P American diet. Butter, eggs and cream-the absolute foun- dations of haute cuisine-have become the dreaded Gorgons, the ab- solute no-nos, the menace foods of the century. And, lo, the poor Americans! The poor devils given to gluttony, covetous of eternal youth and simultaneously beset on all sides by merchants of fright and hysteria, quake at the thought of them. If I were to write a diet cookbook for people who wish to eat well, lose weight and live in robust good health, it would contain exactly two words: Eat less. Or, perhaps, seven words: Savor your food but eat in moderation. Under no circumstances would my sane and serious but short volume suc- cumb to the idea that those foods that have nourished this nation for a couple but of hundred years must be banished from the diet in the name of eternal in small youth or theories about health that remain matters of debate among the portions scientists. But Americans have become a na- tion of culinary schizophrenics, living in mortal dread of high-calorie foods and shunning some of the greatest ly pleasures gorging of themselves the table while all mindless- sorts on of plain and junk foods in quantity and without apology. OVER Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk022 In this atmosphere, almost no food consumed to- séll substitutes-egg substitutes, sugar substitutes, day has escaped suspicion, Highest on the list,.. of tream substifutes-ad infinitum. course, are animal fats including, of course, butter Who would dare remonstrate if the Recond in line are the manufacturers who zero in and cream; milk, eggs charcoal-grilled foods, drink- average American goes to a ball game; on America's obsessive desire for eternal youth. No ing water, supermarket flour, sugar, salt, canned and downs six or more hot dogs along maiter how old you are, a slender physique is goods (they might contáin botulism), and various with a matching number of cold beers? equated with youth. Thus, Americans will buy any spices, including cardamom. Or if the palate is placated with two product, practice any ritual that promises that image. That is to say nothing whatever of the produce or or a downed three with hamburgers followed whole pizza with Via Madison Avenue, the public psyche is bombarded from oceans and rivers, including clams, oysters and a Coke and with advertisements promoting products that prom- swordfish; smoked foods in general, including ham a banana split? It's only the sign of a ise to arrest or suspend or, at the very least, cover and bacon and presumably Scotch whisky; bean paste happy husband or a boy or girl with a up the encroachment of age. of Chinese cookery, monosodium glutamate and so healthy American appetite. Tradition. Thus the masses are brainwashed into loading on. The American way. their shopping carts with the latest in egg substitutes A person susceptible to suggestions of disaster is But deep-seated feelings of guilt and butter substitutes and milk substitutes and impelled to go on a diet of pale toast and forget it. blossom in the Yankee at hollandaise breast and the cream substitutes. And artificial sweeteners and diet Most Americans do something else. Filled with colas. their fears and yearning for endless youth, they turn sight of cream soups, béarnaise maltre d'hôtel sauces, steak; an- creamed main dishes, against what they regard as "fancy dishes"-mostly butters for of European origin and particularly those of French chovy creams whipped foreign if des- it butter for broiled fish; pastry origin. and any cream They react with aversion to the thought of a spoon- is to be spooned over a ful of béarnaise sauce on a steak, even a very small sert such as a gâteau St. Honoré or a filet mignon. And yet they will consume a large porterhouse; because of its size, it is infinitely more Viennese torte. Dining in this country is a bewilder- fattening. ing Everest of paradoxes and to my They will drink two or three sugar-laden apéritifs mind one of the biggest revolves or cocktails, at a cocktail party, followed after dinner around the American use-and nonuse by a sweet liqueur, only to arise the next morning and piously drop a sugar-substitute in their coffee. - butter. I am constantly flabbergasted when And what of those vacuous, irresistible, high-calo- rie cocktail companions-roasted salted peanuts; I visit a steak house and the meat cheese dips with their attendant scoops in the form of paralogism served without is this: The management, is melted butter. The crisp wafers, crackers, toast, cheese-flavored crack- at the same meal, unhesitatingly servés ers sculptured into a shape of fish; popcorn soggy limitless patron, unhesitátingly side and the butter on the with oil and butter; and potato chips? almost equally To my mind there are few things more vulgar and and spreads then this frequeritly on bread, asks consumes for it deplorable in this country, and which contribute more, ,more to obesity, than the thoughtless quantities of more bread, more butter. food that restaurants pile on the plates of a people of over But butter just were melted and this poured if a fraction of amount raised to "finish everything." of When I have broached the subject of this swill- tht steak it would enormously enhance .before-swine largesse to responsible restaurateurs, the meat's flavor and general palata- they have contended that they are simply catering to bility. their customers' desires. It is my feeling that they are catering, actually, to a maw of gluttons rather than to a clientele with discriminating palates. As I see it, !the little foxes, that Apropos of this, about 15 years ago, Pierre Franey, the vines"-the chief culprits then the chef at the fabled Le Pavillon Restaurant spoil give a bad name to the pleasures and now my collaborator and this newspaper's 60- who Minute Gourmet, drove through France with me on of the table-are two. Chief among them are the fright an eating tour of two, and often three, large meals a day. merchants, both large and small, who After three days, I found such immense quantities of food burdensome, and thereafter I became a taster of foods, leaving large portions uneaten on my plate. Pierre was humiliated, Quelle horreur! What would his colleagues feel upon seeing so much food return to the kitchen? So he would cat not only all the food on his plate but all on mine that had gone untasted! But now, many years later, he, too, has learned the wisdom of moderation; on occasion, out of the corner of my eye, I have seen him leave a few mor- sels, even at the risk of embarrassing his colleagues behind those swinging doors. MARE Source: https:/lwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226 It is my conviction that the chief causes of obesity But to most Americans in 1976 a diet means avoid- in this country are anxiety, tension, fear, frustration ing any foods that tend to be fattening. and related emotional conditions. It is only natural This, of course, is not to say that avoiding fatten- that anyone at odds with the world yearns naturally ing foods or simply following the rule of eating all for creature comfort. Since the cradle, the mind has things in moderation is the panacea for all problems known that the body will respond with signals of of health and weight. We all know that diabetics reassurance when liquids and solids are taken into and those with seriously high cholesterol must shun the mouth. certain things at the risk of life itself. And that The food or drink that will reassure is peculiar gout sufferers-a group to which I formerly belonged to the individual. For every person who can be sated -and others know too that they must avoid certain by a glass of cold milk and a candy bar (or several foods or risk frightening setbacks to their well-being. glasses of cold milk and several candy bars), there But at this point I am addressing myself essentially are others (compounding the crime to the body) who to those who are in general good health. may be soothed only by double martinis or a steak I am convinced that the good state of my own the size of the Manhattan teléphone directory. health is without doubt attributable to my early Great magnitude need not characterize the anxiety schooling in Mississippi. We were taught in elemen- and frustration that ignites an eating binge. Dinner tary school the basics of good nutrition. The rules delayed by an hour causes me to drink more and were simple and few. eat more. Woe be unto the host or hostess who The body should be fed three times a day. The schedules dinner at 8 and sits me down (or props diet should contain, each day, some form of meat me up) for dinner at midnight. or poultry and, on occasion, fish; a starch such as Unfortunately the average American has very potatoes or rice; some form of dairy products, includ- little appreciation of the food that is placed before ing_mills, cheese; leggs in any of various the same plane as music and dance. The experience forms, including desserts; greens in the form of of dining well- knowledgeable and sensual en- vegetables and salads; and a sweet, including per- joyment of food-should be the same fine art. It can haps, fruit's and melons, And all of this done always be compared to the conoisseurship of listening to in moderation music with a keen ear or watching dance with an educated eye. I have spent the bulk of my adult life in writing about dining well and great cooking, and by great The enjoyment of eating should be an attentive cooking I do not mean the haute cuisine of France thing, free of impediments and distractions. There to the exclusion of all others. should be as little conversation as possible, barring I love hamburgers and chili con carne and hot a few murmured words of approval, an approving dogs. And foie gras and sauternes and those small nod here and there and a brief sigh or two to indi- birds known as ortlolans. I like the wines of Spain cate shared ecstacy. and Italy and of California and the Rhine Valley Grievously, few people are aware of this. To them as well as I do burgundies and bordeaux. I love the only true, convincing medium of approval is talk, barquettes of quail eggs with hollandaise sauce talk talk. And more talk. and clambakes with lobsters dipped in so much but- The reason for such a commonplace absence of ter it dribbles down the chin. I like cheesecake and civility is simple enough. Most people respond almost crêpes filled with cream sauces and strawberries with solely to surface tastes. They are not aware, do not crème-frâche. understand the myriad nuances of dining well that And I try to love the people who deplore these have to do not only with flavors and temperatures enthusiasms. and textures (and visual stimuli) but with the highly I do not sit at table, my mind poisoned with anx- complex sensory perceptions of the tongue, the ities about foods I am about to put in my mouth, throat, the salivary glands. be it cream sauces or clear consommés. I approach Most people are aware that food-where tempera- a meal with the blissful knowledge that I will not ture is concerned-is hot, cold or lukewarm. That overeat and will, therefore, enjoy the blessings that it possesses one of the four basic tastes: sour, sweet, the good Lord has seen fit to provide my table with. bitter or salty. That it is highly spiced or bland. And if I am abbreviating my stay on this earth But they do not appraise these factors in a natural for an hour or so, I say only that I have no desire and detached manner, and thus thèy are reduced to be a Methuselah, a hundred or more years old to gluttony. Small wonder then that so many and still alive, grace be to something that plugs thousands of Americans can watch television while into an electric outlet. dining. I am appalled that the teen-agers and young adults of today have no notion of the basics of a proper diet. A diet is, of course, purely and simply the varieties of foods eaten on a fairly steady basis. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226

What is the date mentioned in the newspaper?

mxmk0226

mxmk0226_p0, mxmk0226_p1, mxmk0226_p2

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1976

The Living Section C1 FOOD DAY/STYLE/ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1976 The New Hork Times In Defense of Eating Rich Food By CRAIG CLAIBORNE ARANOIA, thy name is the P American diet. Butter, eggs and cream-the absolute foun- dations of haute cuisine-have become the dreaded Gorgons, the ab- solute no-nos, the menace foods of the century. And, lo, the poor Americans! The poor devils given to gluttony, covetous of eternal youth and simultaneously beset on all sides by merchants of fright and hysteria, quake at the thought of them. If I were to write a diet cookbook for people who wish to eat well, lose weight and live in robust good health, it would contain exactly two words: Eat less. Or, perhaps, seven words: Savor your food but eat in moderation. Under no circumstances would my sane and serious but short volume suc- cumb to the idea that those foods that have nourished this nation for a couple but of hundred years must be banished from the diet in the name of eternal in small youth or theories about health that remain matters of debate among the portions scientists. But Americans have become a na- tion of culinary schizophrenics, living in mortal dread of high-calorie foods and shunning some of the greatest ly pleasures gorging of themselves the table while all mindless- sorts on of plain and junk foods in quantity and without apology. OVER Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk022 In this atmosphere, almost no food consumed to- séll substitutes-egg substitutes, sugar substitutes, day has escaped suspicion, Highest on the list,.. of tream substifutes-ad infinitum. course, are animal fats including, of course, butter Who would dare remonstrate if the Recond in line are the manufacturers who zero in and cream; milk, eggs charcoal-grilled foods, drink- average American goes to a ball game; on America's obsessive desire for eternal youth. No ing water, supermarket flour, sugar, salt, canned and downs six or more hot dogs along maiter how old you are, a slender physique is goods (they might contáin botulism), and various with a matching number of cold beers? equated with youth. Thus, Americans will buy any spices, including cardamom. Or if the palate is placated with two product, practice any ritual that promises that image. That is to say nothing whatever of the produce or or a downed three with hamburgers followed whole pizza with Via Madison Avenue, the public psyche is bombarded from oceans and rivers, including clams, oysters and a Coke and with advertisements promoting products that prom- swordfish; smoked foods in general, including ham a banana split? It's only the sign of a ise to arrest or suspend or, at the very least, cover and bacon and presumably Scotch whisky; bean paste happy husband or a boy or girl with a up the encroachment of age. of Chinese cookery, monosodium glutamate and so healthy American appetite. Tradition. Thus the masses are brainwashed into loading on. The American way. their shopping carts with the latest in egg substitutes A person susceptible to suggestions of disaster is But deep-seated feelings of guilt and butter substitutes and milk substitutes and impelled to go on a diet of pale toast and forget it. blossom in the Yankee at hollandaise breast and the cream substitutes. And artificial sweeteners and diet Most Americans do something else. Filled with colas. their fears and yearning for endless youth, they turn sight of cream soups, béarnaise maltre d'hôtel sauces, steak; an- creamed main dishes, against what they regard as "fancy dishes"-mostly butters for of European origin and particularly those of French chovy creams whipped foreign if des- it butter for broiled fish; pastry origin. and any cream They react with aversion to the thought of a spoon- is to be spooned over a ful of béarnaise sauce on a steak, even a very small sert such as a gâteau St. Honoré or a filet mignon. And yet they will consume a large porterhouse; because of its size, it is infinitely more Viennese torte. Dining in this country is a bewilder- fattening. ing Everest of paradoxes and to my They will drink two or three sugar-laden apéritifs mind one of the biggest revolves or cocktails, at a cocktail party, followed after dinner around the American use-and nonuse by a sweet liqueur, only to arise the next morning and piously drop a sugar-substitute in their coffee. - butter. I am constantly flabbergasted when And what of those vacuous, irresistible, high-calo- rie cocktail companions-roasted salted peanuts; I visit a steak house and the meat cheese dips with their attendant scoops in the form of paralogism served without is this: The management, is melted butter. The crisp wafers, crackers, toast, cheese-flavored crack- at the same meal, unhesitatingly servés ers sculptured into a shape of fish; popcorn soggy limitless patron, unhesitátingly side and the butter on the with oil and butter; and potato chips? almost equally To my mind there are few things more vulgar and and spreads then this frequeritly on bread, asks consumes for it deplorable in this country, and which contribute more, ,more to obesity, than the thoughtless quantities of more bread, more butter. food that restaurants pile on the plates of a people of over But butter just were melted and this poured if a fraction of amount raised to "finish everything." of When I have broached the subject of this swill- tht steak it would enormously enhance .before-swine largesse to responsible restaurateurs, the meat's flavor and general palata- they have contended that they are simply catering to bility. their customers' desires. It is my feeling that they are catering, actually, to a maw of gluttons rather than to a clientele with discriminating palates. As I see it, !the little foxes, that Apropos of this, about 15 years ago, Pierre Franey, the vines"-the chief culprits then the chef at the fabled Le Pavillon Restaurant spoil give a bad name to the pleasures and now my collaborator and this newspaper's 60- who Minute Gourmet, drove through France with me on of the table-are two. Chief among them are the fright an eating tour of two, and often three, large meals a day. merchants, both large and small, who After three days, I found such immense quantities of food burdensome, and thereafter I became a taster of foods, leaving large portions uneaten on my plate. Pierre was humiliated, Quelle horreur! What would his colleagues feel upon seeing so much food return to the kitchen? So he would cat not only all the food on his plate but all on mine that had gone untasted! But now, many years later, he, too, has learned the wisdom of moderation; on occasion, out of the corner of my eye, I have seen him leave a few mor- sels, even at the risk of embarrassing his colleagues behind those swinging doors. MARE Source: https:/lwww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226 It is my conviction that the chief causes of obesity But to most Americans in 1976 a diet means avoid- in this country are anxiety, tension, fear, frustration ing any foods that tend to be fattening. and related emotional conditions. It is only natural This, of course, is not to say that avoiding fatten- that anyone at odds with the world yearns naturally ing foods or simply following the rule of eating all for creature comfort. Since the cradle, the mind has things in moderation is the panacea for all problems known that the body will respond with signals of of health and weight. We all know that diabetics reassurance when liquids and solids are taken into and those with seriously high cholesterol must shun the mouth. certain things at the risk of life itself. And that The food or drink that will reassure is peculiar gout sufferers-a group to which I formerly belonged to the individual. For every person who can be sated -and others know too that they must avoid certain by a glass of cold milk and a candy bar (or several foods or risk frightening setbacks to their well-being. glasses of cold milk and several candy bars), there But at this point I am addressing myself essentially are others (compounding the crime to the body) who to those who are in general good health. may be soothed only by double martinis or a steak I am convinced that the good state of my own the size of the Manhattan teléphone directory. health is without doubt attributable to my early Great magnitude need not characterize the anxiety schooling in Mississippi. We were taught in elemen- and frustration that ignites an eating binge. Dinner tary school the basics of good nutrition. The rules delayed by an hour causes me to drink more and were simple and few. eat more. Woe be unto the host or hostess who The body should be fed three times a day. The schedules dinner at 8 and sits me down (or props diet should contain, each day, some form of meat me up) for dinner at midnight. or poultry and, on occasion, fish; a starch such as Unfortunately the average American has very potatoes or rice; some form of dairy products, includ- little appreciation of the food that is placed before ing_mills, cheese; leggs in any of various the same plane as music and dance. The experience forms, including desserts; greens in the form of of dining well- knowledgeable and sensual en- vegetables and salads; and a sweet, including per- joyment of food-should be the same fine art. It can haps, fruit's and melons, And all of this done always be compared to the conoisseurship of listening to in moderation music with a keen ear or watching dance with an educated eye. I have spent the bulk of my adult life in writing about dining well and great cooking, and by great The enjoyment of eating should be an attentive cooking I do not mean the haute cuisine of France thing, free of impediments and distractions. There to the exclusion of all others. should be as little conversation as possible, barring I love hamburgers and chili con carne and hot a few murmured words of approval, an approving dogs. And foie gras and sauternes and those small nod here and there and a brief sigh or two to indi- birds known as ortlolans. I like the wines of Spain cate shared ecstacy. and Italy and of California and the Rhine Valley Grievously, few people are aware of this. To them as well as I do burgundies and bordeaux. I love the only true, convincing medium of approval is talk, barquettes of quail eggs with hollandaise sauce talk talk. And more talk. and clambakes with lobsters dipped in so much but- The reason for such a commonplace absence of ter it dribbles down the chin. I like cheesecake and civility is simple enough. Most people respond almost crêpes filled with cream sauces and strawberries with solely to surface tastes. They are not aware, do not crème-frâche. understand the myriad nuances of dining well that And I try to love the people who deplore these have to do not only with flavors and temperatures enthusiasms. and textures (and visual stimuli) but with the highly I do not sit at table, my mind poisoned with anx- complex sensory perceptions of the tongue, the ities about foods I am about to put in my mouth, throat, the salivary glands. be it cream sauces or clear consommés. I approach Most people are aware that food-where tempera- a meal with the blissful knowledge that I will not ture is concerned-is hot, cold or lukewarm. That overeat and will, therefore, enjoy the blessings that it possesses one of the four basic tastes: sour, sweet, the good Lord has seen fit to provide my table with. bitter or salty. That it is highly spiced or bland. And if I am abbreviating my stay on this earth But they do not appraise these factors in a natural for an hour or so, I say only that I have no desire and detached manner, and thus thèy are reduced to be a Methuselah, a hundred or more years old to gluttony. Small wonder then that so many and still alive, grace be to something that plugs thousands of Americans can watch television while into an electric outlet. dining. I am appalled that the teen-agers and young adults of today have no notion of the basics of a proper diet. A diet is, of course, purely and simply the varieties of foods eaten on a fairly steady basis. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mxmk0226

What is the effect of excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time?

pjhk0226

pjhk0226_p0

reduces sugar content, Reduces sugar content

GWTIME PROFIT-MINDED TIPS FROM L. H. HENDERSON-DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL MANAGER SCOTTSBLUFF, NEBRASKA OCTOBER 15, 1973 The start of beet harvest is an appropriate time to talk about sugar content. As you proceed with your harvest, try to determine why one field has a higher or lower sugar percent than another. The sugar beet industry has tried for years to increase sugar and tonnage in order to improve profits. Much success has been obtained in increasing yields--sometimes at the expense of sugar content--while less success has been realized in increasing the percentage of sugar. We are now finding some answers to this complex problem. Nitrogen management, seed variety, and irrigation practices are three of the factors over which we have some control. Let us consider just one of them, nitro- gen management. Nitrogen is just one of the three major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth, but it is the one having a direct effect on sugar. We have known for many years that an excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time reduces sugar content. We haven't always been able to measure the amount of N available to the plant and consequently we couldn't determine exactly how much fertilizer to add. If we erred on the side of too little N, usually the result was too few tons per acre. Our ability to determine precisely the exact amount of N to add is much better than it used to be. This is so because improved soil testing methods have been developed and better sampling techniques and equipment are available to us. For the past two seasons we have been testing fields by sampling them to the six foot depth. Sugar beet roots extend into the soil to depths as great as eight feet. Experimental work has shown that beets have the ability to use plant nutrients from the lower soil depths if the upper soil is deficient. Six foot deep soil probes have shown that some notoriously low sugar content farms have enough residual nitrogen to produce two maxi- mum crops of beets without the addition of any nitrogen fertilizer. Impor- tant amounts of this is often located at soil depths below twenty-four inches. The addition of nitrogen fertilizer to such fields usually increases the problem by further reducing sugar content. We have arranged with the University of Nebraska to test soil samples for sugar beet fields again this fall. We will provide a deep soil sampling service starting October 8. The cost of the sampling and tests to a grower or landowner will be only $6 per field. The standard test will be for a six foot profile showing Soil PH, % Organic Matter, Residual Nitrate, Phos- phorous, Potassium, and Excess Lime. An extra charge will be made for minor element determination if requested. Recommendations for fertilizer application based on these tests will be made by District Extention Soils Specialist Louis Daigger of the University of Nebraska Panhandle Station. He will send his recommendations directly to the farmer. This service is a real opportunity for you to help yourself to a more profitable beet crop in the future. A1 though the system needs further re- finement, it is by far the best we know of and it can be improved only by extending its use. Contact your GW Agriculturist or call Scottsbluff 635-3794 to order your deep soil test. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pjhk0226

When was the annual meeting held?

llph0227

llph0227_p0, llph0227_p1, llph0227_p2

JANUARY 20 AND 21, 1976, January 20 and 21, 1976

GROWER-GW JOINT RESEARCH COMMITTEE, INC. Annual Meeting January 20 and 21, 1976 $ Radisson Denver Hotel 1790 Grant Street Denver, Colorado Total in AGENDA excess Tuesday, January 20, 1976 Project Leaders' Report of Research Projects Funded by the Committee 9:00 - 10:00 a.m. - University of Wyoming 15,000 Rr. Art Establishment of Sugarbeet Stands - James Fornstrom, Clarence Becher, Hugh Hough, Jay Partridge Insecticides for Sugarbeet Root Maggott Control - James Fornstrom, Chris Burkhardt, Clarence Becker Herbicide and Growth Regulator Studies - us. Gary Lee 10:00 -- 10:30 a m. - Kansas 11,786 Application of Irrigation Water, Fertilizer Applications, and Stand Establishment in Sugarbeet Production - Evans Banbury, Colby Branch Experimental Station Goodland Irrigation Demonstration Farm - DeLynn Hay, Extension Service 10:30 - 10:45 a.m. - Break 10:45 - 11:15 a.m. - Kansas - continued Evaluation of Soil Amendments to Reduce Crusting - Steve Thern, Agronomy Department 11:15 - 12:15 a.m. - Montana State University 11,000 Nitrogen Management and Herbicides on Sugarbeets - Glen Hartman, Sidney sla Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendations - Don Baldridge, Huntley Sugarbeet Response to Growth Regulators - Don Baldridge, Huntley Sugarbeet Herbicide Evaluation - Don Baldridge, Huntley 12:15 - 1:30 p.m. - LUNCH Habey,sils opea is builty Source: ps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//lph022 -2- 308-632-2711 1:30 - 2:45 p.m. - University of Nebraska 28,215 Soil Testing Recommendations - Louis Daigger, Frank N. Anderson Comparison of Spring and Fall Soil Samples for Nitrate Nitrogen Determination - Louis Daigger and Frank N. Anderson Phosphorous Fertility - Frank N. Anderson, Gary A. Peterson, Gary Varvel A Study of Minimum Labor, Stand Establishment Systems, and Improving Seedling Vigor - Frank N. Anderson, Gary A. Peterson, Robert J. Edling Season Long Weed Control in Sugarbeets with Nortron, RoNeet, and Postemergence Herbicides - Gail Wicks, North Platte Station 2:45 - 3:00 p.m. - Break 3:00 - 4:00 p.m. - Colorado State University 29,000 Effect of Field and Sampling Variability on Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendations - John Reuss, Al Ludwick, Agronomy Department Minimum Tillage Practices for Sugarbeet Production - Alex Dotzenko, Agronomy Department Herbicides and Growth Regulators for Sugarbeets - Ed Schweizer, U.S.D.A., Y. Eshel, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Predicting In-Season Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement for Sugarbeets - John Reuss, Al Ludwick, Agronomy Department 4:00 - 5:00 p.m. - Discussion 5:00 p.m. - Adjourn 6:30 p.m. sharp - DINNER - Radisson Denver Hotel nooo.oo) Wednesday, January 21 8:30 a.m. 1. Business meeting - financial report. 2. Election of officers Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//lph0227 -3- 3. Review data from independent trials and make 1976 variety recommendations 4. Any other business that may properly come before the Committee. 12:00 noon - LUNCH - Radisson Denver Hotel Adjourn Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs//lph0227

Who is the librarian of The Sugar Association, Inc?

lpyv0228

lpyv0228_p0, lpyv0228_p1, lpyv0228_p2, lpyv0228_p3, lpyv0228_p4, lpyv0228_p5, lpyv0228_p6, lpyv0228_p7, lpyv0228_p8, lpyv0228_p9, lpyv0228_p10, lpyv0228_p11, lpyv0228_p12, lpyv0228_p13, lpyv0228_p14, lpyv0228_p15, lpyv0228_p16, lpyv0228_p17

Sarah Setton

For Your Information Sarah Setton LIBRARIAN 1511 K STREET, N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20005 the Inc. (202) 628-0189 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 Cavity-free sweet tooth. ? By Ronald Kotulak Deaf and Blind Children, involved three groups, each Science editor yith 100 children, A UNIVERSITY of Alabama dental research team Over a three-year perlod, one group chewed régular has discovered a process that may make it safe to eat gum containing sugar, another chewed the same kind candy and chew gum without worrying about getting of sugar gum with dicalcium phosphate added, and the cavities. third group chewed sugarless gum. By adding a chemical compound called dicalcium At the end of the study, the dicalcium group had the phosphate to sweets, it may be possible to protect same low level of cavities las the group which had teeth from cavities, said Dr, Sidney B. Finn, professor chewed sugarless gum, Dr. Finn said. Both groups had émeritus of dentistry and consultant at the university's a significantly. lower cavity rate than the children who School of Dentistry. chewed sugar gum, he added. Preliminary studies with 300 children showed that THE RESEARCHERS found that the sugar gum the compound when added to gum containing sugar group had seven decayed, missing, or filled tooth sur- reduced significantly, the cavity-causing potential of the faces per child as compared to five for the sugarless gum, Dr. Finn reported at the recent meeting of the and dicalcium group. American Dental Association at McCormick Place. Sugar causes cavities when the bacteria residing in "THE FINDINGS indicate that we may be able to the sticky plaque on the surface of teeth digest the fortify sugar-gum with dicalcium phosphate to make it sugar and produce acid. The acid then eats away at nondecay producing," he said. "It is possible that the the enamel of the tooth. compound also may work with candy and other The dicalcium in the compound may prevent decay Tribune Phote by Quentin Dedt sweets." by replacing the calcium that is removed by the acid, Dicalcium phosphate is sweet news to teeth. The- study, conducted at the Alabama School for Dr. Finn explained. Source: ittps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 D. 51" 17/15 PROTECTION FROM CAUITIES POSSIBLE AKRON BEACON JQURNAL AHRON, OHIO CLIPPED SY NOV- 1975 BACON'S Medical notes From: Seacton Journal Wire Services University of Alabama dental research team has discov- a process that may make it safe to eat candy and chew guen without worrying about getting cavities. "By adding a chemical compound called dicalcium phosphate to sweets it may be possible to protect teeth from cavities, said Dr. Sidney B. Finn, professor emeritus of dentistry and consult- antat the university's school of dentistry. "Peeliminary studies with 300 children showed that the com- zound when added to gum containing sugar significantly reduced the cavity-causing potential of the gum, he reported at the an- nual meeting of the American Dental Association in Chicago. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsfedu/docs/lpyv0228 SSH ILli FYI is TACKLING TOOTH DECAY INTERNATIONAL SUGAR RESEARCH AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY NEWS SERVICE SCRIPT #761 OCT 2 1975 1155 Sixteenth Street, NW RERELEASE #735 Washington, DC 20036 Released, JULY 1975 FOUNDATION LIBRARY Copyright c 1975 by the American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved. MAN AND MOLECULES NARRATOR: Ask anyone who neglected them -- our teeth deserve considerable attention. And with this spirit, scientists are working to improve dental repair and to prevent tooth decay. This is Stuart Finley for MAN AND MOLECULES, presented by the American Chemical Society. Today, a report on dental research -- from laboratory to the dentist office. NARRATOR: If we have taken our childhood lessons to heart, twice a year a trip to the dentist is in order. The idea is that regular check-ups, combined with proper dental hygiene and sound eating habits, will keep teeth in good shape. But as most of us know, somehow we don't always stick to the ideal. And cavities -- or caries as the dentist calls them -- seem a common debt we pay for past sins. In fact, as a nation we spend more than two billion dollars each year to repair decayed teeth. It's in this light that there is a great deal of dental research underway. And one of the major efforts is centered at the National Bureau of Standards. Here Bureau scientists -- along with colleagues funded by tie American Dental Association -- are looking for better restorative materials to repair teeth and for procedures to prevent dental decay. Let's take prevention first. One of the most intriguing possibilities, says James Cassel, chief of the Bareau's dental program, springs from basic studies of the tooth. CASSEL: Our studies on the solubility and structure of the calcium salts which make up the tooth structure have led us to the development of a physical/chemical model for the caries process itself. And this model provides a better insight into the decay process which occurs in teeth. And we think from this work we will be. able to provide direction -- that is, new direction -- for anti-caries procedures which are going to be based on physical/chemical principles. NARRATOR: Details of the decay process get fairly baroque. But basically the idea centers on the electrical charges of various components in and around the tooth. According to the theory -- which 'was largely developed by Dr. Walter Brown of the American Dental Association unit at the Bureau -- things start going wrong when calcium "leaks out" of the tooth. This alters the electrical charges within the tooth. And this encourages hydrogen, which is generated by bacteria on the outer surface of the tooth, to migrate into the tooth. Once inside, the hydrogen combines with phosphate to form phosphoric acid, which eats away at the appetite; that is, the basic mineral component of the tooth. As more calcium leaves and more hydrogen enters, more acid is formed and the tooth gradually decays. Now, working from this outline, Dr. Cassel says it might be possible to short-circuit the decay process. -more- SCRIPT #761 -2- CASSEL: We feel that it might be possible to inhibit this process, to slow it down, by coating the surface of the tooth with a special membrane. Now, this membrane would have a very specifically désigned electrical charge, and this would tend to retard the transport of calcium -- the calcium fons -- out of the tooth, and of the hydrogen into the tooth. And we think that it is entirely feasible that such a membrane can be developed and applied to the tooth structure. Now this is clearly not something that is going to be available in the immediate future. But we do feel that reventually this may become a very effective anti-caries procedure. NARRATOR: These studies may open other doors as well, and one hinges on the application of fluoride to protect teeth from decay. Most dentists and dental researchers now agree that fluoride in drinking water helps to prevent cavities. But the problem, says Dr. Cassel, is that water fluoridation Isn't standard practice in roughly half the country. CASSEL: For this reason, it has been necessary to come up with procedures by which fluoride can be incorporated into the tooth structure during a visit to the dentist. And the present procedure most widely used is referred to as a topical fluoride treatment; this is an application of a gel containing fluoride to the surface of your tooth. The problem is that it is extremely difficult to get the fluoride to penetrate to a sufficient depth in the tooth structure. And our studies have Ted us to explore new techniques which we think will be more effective in delivering fluoride to the tooth and getting it to penetrate to greater depth in that structure. NARRATOR: Tooth decay might be reduced by still another procedure growing out of these basic studies. When a child's teeth emerge, very often they have tiny pits and fissures on the biting surfaces. And these natural defects -- which plague about half of the posterior, or rear, teeth -- serve as breeding grounds for decay To-lick this problem, says Dr. Cassel, we are Tearning how to seal these pits and fissures. CASSEL: The present procedure involves the rinsing of the tooth surface with a phosphoric acid solution to cleanse that surface and to open the pits and fissures just a little so that an organic resin can be flowed down into them. This resin then hardens in place, and seals these pits and fissures against any Invasion of bacteria or food debris. NARRATOR: Sealing pits. and fissures, Dr. Cassel cautions, must still be considered experimental. BUT so far tests Iook promising. For example, in clinical trials conducted at the National Institute of Health, children whose teeth were sealed bad about 66 percent fewer cavities than a group of nontreated children. Even with this success, though, Bureau scientists are Icoking for improved sealant materials resins that will last longer and that offer still better protection. And* if éverything goes as hoped, says Dr. Cassel, this technique will be of great help in preventive dentistry CASSEL: Sealing pits and fissures in children's teeth is perticularly of interest because it protects against caries in an area of the tooth where water fluoridation seems to have had relatively little effect. Now, fluoridation is most-effective -more- SCRIPT #761 -3- CASSEL: for preventing caries which occur interproximally; by that I mean in the (cont) surfaces between the teeth. And by applying sealant to the pits and fissures that occur on the biting surface of the teeth - and primarily of children's teeth -- this might be of great help in preventing or reducing caries in this area as well. NARRATOR: While preventing decay is the ultimate goal, for today dentists must fill dozens of cavities each week. With this in mind, Bureau scientists are working to improve conventional restorative materials. One approach focuses on esthetic restorations -- fillings that can be seen and therefore must look as much like tooth as possible. For some years, this job was done with a silicate material. But though silicates fit the bill in most ways, they were too easily dissolved by fluids in the mouth. After a considerable search in the Bureau labs, a composite material was developed that provided longer-lasting restorations. This composite is a polymeric, or plastic-like, resin base -- which holds a large number of tiny filler particles, such as silica or glass. Since their introduction in the late 1960's, the composites have proven successful. In fact, estimates are that they now save the American public about $290,000 per day in reduced replacement costs. But though the composites are good, says Dr. Cassel, they still could be better. For one thing, it is difficult to obtain the viscous liquid resin base in high purity, and leftover impurities in the resin can sometimes cause the restoration to change color. CASSEL: This is very undesirable in an esthetic restoration, and for that reason we've been examining the possibility of developing substitute resin systems. We have now synthesized crystalline materials for this job, and these can be obtained in very high purity. Now these are solid materials, but when mixed in proper proportion they give a liquid at room temperature, which we must have in order to apply them to the tooth cavity. So we think we've licked that aspect of the problem. Now, these crystalline materials are only at the stage of laboratory evaluation, however. We have to determine, for instance, whether the color stability of these will hold. up with aging, and whether they're going to prove workable in the dental chair. So while we think we have excellent promise in these materials, we have to do considerably more evaluation before they will be available for commercial use. NARRATOR: While improved composites for esthetic restorations will be welcome, these repairs account for only one quarter of the cavities that dentists fill. Today, roughly 75 percent of all cavities are filled with amalgam -- the familiar shiny material that's made from mercury, silver and a combination of other metals. The reason for amalgam's popularity is that it is very durable, and can stand up to the grinding and other powerful stresses at work in the mouth. But since composite materials look better than amalgam, and since they have several other desfrable features that amalgam lacks, there is considerable interest in developing stronger composites to replace amalgam restorations. CASSEL: Currently, the problem with replacing an amalgam with a composite system in a stress-bearing situation in the mouth is that we really don't know enough about how the composites actually deteriorate under wear. We've been investigating this area, and have developed a laboratory instrument for indicating the resistance to wear of a dental material when it's opposed by enamel. This instrumentation can predict the wear qualities of a dental material, either composite or amalgam. And of special importance, it can predict the wear in the same fashion one would experience clinically. -more- SCRIPT #761 -4- NARRATOR: In this new instrument, a piece of enamel -- the familiar surface coating of teeth -- rubs against a rotating surface of the dental material being tested. And all this takes place under warm, moist conditions similar to those in our mouth. This means the results from the lab should accurately reflect how that dental material would perform if it were actually in a tooth. With this kind of information available for the first time, says Dr. Cassel, the job of developing better composite materials should get a boost. For example, by collecting the tiny bits of dental material that rub off during the wear test, it will be possible to examine very precisely the nature of the wearing process. In turn, this may suggest ways to attack the wear problem -- leading to more stable composite systems able to take over from amalgams. Let's turn our attention now from teeth to bone ---- and specifically the jaw bone. When put under stress, bones develop subtle electrical charges; this phenomenon is called the piezoelectric effect. What is important here is that these electrical charges seem to be related to bone resorption and bone deposition; that is, whether bone is being made or lost. This is now the subject of a detailed study at the Bureau, and Dr. Cassel explains why. €ASSEL: The orthodontist, for instance, moves teeth by applying stress to them. And this applied stress in some fashion causes bone resorption and bone deposition, But it' not well understood exactly how this process takes place. Now, we' ve already learned that the application of stress and the electric charge that is created by this stress is very dramatically influenced by the mode or the direction in which the stress is applied. To us this means that perhaps we are not efficiently applying stresses to the teeth in moving them in present procedures, and we might be able to reduce the time required in orthodontic work if we could more effectively apply the stress to the tooth. NARRATOR: It will be some years before an orthodontist can manipulate electrical charges in order to reduce the time a teenager must spend in braces -- but the possibility is certainly real. Another future hope along these lines focuses on dental implants -- permanent false teeth. Perhaps the biggest problem standing in the way of successful implants, says Dr. Cassel, stems not from the artffical teeth, but from the effects they have once anchored in the mouth. CASSEL: When stress is applied to these implants, there is a great tendency for bone resorption or a loss of bone to occur around the base of the implant. And this can be critical to the patient. Now it's conceivable that if an implant was piezoelectric itself, we might be able to nullify some of the electrical effect which occurs in the bone due to the stress applied to it. And by nullifying that effect, or, at least modifying it so as to give an effect more similar to that which occurs when stress is applied to our own natural teeth, we might reduce the resorption of bone and improve the chances of the implant being successful. But we're still some years off from using this in actual practice of course. NARRATOR: Today, a report on progress in dental research. This program, "Täekling Tooth Decay, " featured Dr. James Cassel of the National Bureau of Standards, in Gaithersburg, Maryland. P t,5,8,9 DEPARTMENT o F H E A L I H, EDUCATION, A N D W E L F A R E THE SUGAR ASSOCIATION, INC. JUN 2.2 1976 LIBRARY National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental Research NATIONAL ADVISORY DENTAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Summary of Meeting Dates: November 20-21, 1975 Place: Building 30, Conference Room 117 National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Source - 8 - The Congress was partially supported by the National Institute of Dental Research, National Institute of General Medteal Sciences, and the National Cancer Institute. VIII. NATIONAL CARIES PROGRAM STATUS REPORT - Dr. James Carlos Dr. Carlos began his presentation by noting, that dental caries clearly presents a messive publie health problem, and that the control of caries by dental restoration or replacement of d'amaged teeth is far beyond the capacity of the dental manpower or personal budgefs of this or any other society. Recognition of this, together with increasing knowledge about the causes of caries, resulted in the creation in 1971 of the targeted National Caries Program (NCP), designed to achieve the Public Health goal of caries prevention. He explained that all activities of the National Caries Program are designed to contribute to this mission, and consist of avcontinuum of efforts from knowledge-gathering basic research on the subtleties of caries etiology through highly applied clinical testing, field trials, and demonstrations of laries-preventive agents. Dr. Carlos stated that caries results only from a simultaneous interaction among three factors -- specific oral bacteria, a susceptible tooth surface, and a suitable dietary substrate. In the absence of any of the three factors, the disease does not occur. Since caries etiology is tri-factorial, the elimination or attenuation of the effect of any one of these factors will prevent the disease -- thus, research and development efforts in the NCP are directed toward interfering with one of these three factors. He continued by stating that the overall program strategy of the NCP involves simultaneous efforts to find ways to combat the microbial agent, increase tooth resistance, and alter dietary factors. A fourth effort is concerned with delivery of such methods and their acceptance by, the public. Starting from these four broad strategy areas, a comprehensive Program Plan has. been developed through the identification of sub-components and research objectives for each area. Dr. Carlos noted that since it has been established that caries can be prevented by the modification of a-number of different variables, singly or in combination, many potential approaches are possible. Given this situation and limited resources to apply to the problem, the question of priorities arises. The scientific likelihood for a successful implementation of a method, its cost, and the potential impact on the overall caries problem are the primary factors in setting priorities. He explained that the effectiveness of caries preventing agents and technics can be crudely estimated, using a model in which the first factor is DMFS (decayed, missing, filled surfaces) reduction under ideal research conditions; the second, the level of attainment expected under field conditions; and the third, the proportion of the population actually reached. Source: - 9 - Since the mission of the National Caries Program is to bring about a reduction in caries prevalence in the nation, demonstration activities are as logical and necessary a part of our total continuum of research and development as the most basic investigations to better define disease etiology. Dr. Carlos emphasized that to accomplish the NIDR's mission of caries prevention, it is critical to consider, problems beyond the identifi- cation and development of effective preventive methods. Unless such methods can be delivered to target populations with reasonable ease and cost, and unless they are accepted and used by these populations, efforts of the NCP cannot succeed. Therefore, the Program strategy includes investigation of the comparative cost/benefit ratios of existing caries preventive methods. To this end, the NCP is now conducting community demonstration of weekly fluoride mouthrinses, that can readily be implemented in elementary school classrooms with minimum professional supervision. In concluding, Dr. Carlos stated that it is known, at least in theory, how to prevent caries. There is a proven safe and effective armamentarium of public water fluoridation, school water fluoridation, topical fluorides, and pit and fissure sealants. Assuming steady and reasonable progress, an anti-plaque system should be ready for final clinical testing and demonstra- tion within the next three years, and perhaps a vaccine will ultimately be developed. However, there is still the formidable task of the proper implementation of this armamentarium. Solutions to the problems of delivery and personnel systems, logistics and economics, public priorities and individual motivations will be needed. These problems lie more within the social than the biological context. It seems essential that new research be characterized by efforts in these areas which have not previously been con- sidered within the domain of caries research. It is expected that such research will become an increasingly visible part of the National Caries Program, together with efforts to improve understanding of caries etiology, and develop more efféctive methods of prevention. IX. DISCUSSION, REVIEW, AND EVALUATION OF. GRANT APPLICATIONS Research-Grant Program Pending Actions: Council Actions--Research Grant applications recommended for-approval by the Council are listed in Appendix I. Research Career Development Award Program Pending Actions: Council Actions--Research Career Development Award applications recommended for approval are listed in Appendix II. National Research Service Award Program Pending Actions: Council Actions--Applications for Individual National Research Service Awards recommended for approval by the Council are listed in Appendix III. -6- CONTINUED Total manufacturer3 shipments of corn sweeteners for domestic food use are expected to significantly exceed last year's shipments of 2.9 million tons (dry basis). However, the level for calendar 1976 appears likely to fall somewhat short of earlier expectations. The increase is now expected to range between 400,000 and 600,000 tons (dry basis) High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) shipments, which totaled about 500,000 tons (dry basis) last year, may range between 850,000 and 1.0 million tons High-fructose corn syrup, recently priced at around $9.05 per cwt. in the Midwest - or $12.75 per cwt., dry weight basis - continues to be priced below refined cane and beet sugar. FINN RESEARCHERS HAIL SWEETENER From: The Wall Street Journal XYLITOL AS 'MIRACLE' THAT CAN HEAL August 26, 1976 TOOTH DECAY - IF CLAIMS PROVED, LARGE USAGE SEEN IN U.S. AND OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES In the future, chewing gum, chocolates and candy may be just what the dentist prescribes for tooth decay. Surprising as it sounds, dental researchers in Finland say they've discovered a sweetener that's actually good for your teeth It's called xylitol (proncunced zy-littall) and, according to enthusiasts, it could be the most important development to come along since the toothbrush. "It's miraculous, declares Dr. Kauko Makinen, a Finnish dentist who pfoneered the kylitol research program at the University of Turku. He claims that xylitol "goes beyond" sorbitol, mannitol and other noncariogenic sweeteners that supposedly don't promote tooth decay. Xylito1, he says, actually prevent it and will even "heal" incipient cavities. There's a rather mixed opinion about that, but "the miracle sweetener clearly is attracting a lot of attention." For instance, Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co. quietly has introduced a xylitol-sweetened chewing gum in West Germany called Orbit that some analysts think will soon hit the U.S. market. Other chewing gum companies, including Warner-Lambert Co. 's American Chicle division and Life Savers Inc., a unit of Squibb Corp., also are tinkering with it, but say they probably won't launch a xylitol-sweetened gum in the U.S until the prestizion National Institute of Dental Health in Bethesda, Md., completes its three-yea tests on 450 school children. The NIDH says the tests, which will begin thi fall, will give "a clear-cut answer" to the Finnish findings. In the Finnish experiments, known as "The Turku Sugar Studies, " 125 dental st dents were divided into three groups. One group consumed xylitol-sweetened foods; änother, foods sweetened with fructose, or fruit sugar, and a third group consumed foods sweetened with sucrose, or ordinary sugar. The research ers found that after one year the xylitol group had 90% fewer new cavities than the sucrose group and 30% to 40% fewer cavities than the fructose group. (OVER) Source: Wednesday, September 1, 1976 -7- CONTINUED In another experiment, the results were even more remarkable. One hundred stu- dents were divided into two groups; one group chewed about five sticks of xylito sweeténed chewing gum daily while the other group chewed sucrose-sweetened gum. Otherwise, both groups consumed any foods they wanted. At the end of one year, the researchers found an average increase of three cavities in the sucrose group and an average decrease of one cavity in the xylitol group. In other words, the process of decay actually was reversed in some students. "The results are clear says Dr. Makinen. "We' ve obtained a therapeutic effect with xylitol." Some dental reserachers aren't so sure about that, however. Dr. James H. Shaw, professor of nutrition at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, says "To get those kinds of results just by putting a few sticks of gum in your mouth seem almose too good to be true." Adds Dr. Jchn Hein, d irector of Boston's prestigi ous Forsyth Dental Center: "Xylitol holds great promise, but I'11 wait for the results of the NIDH tests before I throw away my toothbrush." No one faults the Finns for falling short on thoroughness, documentation or de tail. In fact, Dr. William Bowen, chief of the caries prevention and research branch of NIDH, says that monitoring the mouths of 225 dental students was "a magnificent achievement" that will be difficult to duplicate. But what some = searchers question isn't so much the data as the diagnostic methods used to de rive them. Instead of using a conventional dental probe, for example, the researchers use special microscopes and chemical dyes to detect the students' cavities. This practice is "very rarely used" in dentistry, contends Dr. Bowen. As a result, he Says that "what the researchers might have marked down as carious lesions might not have been carious lesions.' Still, Dr. Bowen says he has "an open mind" and won't pass judgment on xylitol until the NIDH. trials are completed. Meanwhile, the council on Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Associati plans to issue a full report soon on xylitol and several other so-called sugar alcchols "just to keep the profession up to date on new developments in the field," according to a spokesman. Yet, the ADA clearly is buoyed by the prospe of having the next generation of children grow up without holes in their teeth. appears to be one of the most promising artificial" sweeteners we "ve seen for some time, says a spokesman. If the claims hold up, he says, "you'd have tewer dentists tied up filling cavities" and more of them with time to de- vote co previously neglected periodontal problems. (DUE a ITS LENGTH, THIS ARTICLE WILL BE COMPLETED IN TOMORROW'S CIRCULAR). (OVER) Thursday, September 2, 1976 -7- CONTINUED "Some foods would spoil without additives some food would discolor without them; some foods would lose their flavor without them," it says. Others are intended to "help foods nutritionally, by adding vitamins that some foods, such as dry cereals, might not otherwise provide in sufficient amounts, says General Foods. "In short, all the additives we use have some positive effect on food - or else we wouldn't use them, " it concludes. FINN RESEARCHERS HAIL SWEETENER XYLITOL From: The Wall Street Journal AS 'MIRACLE' THAT CAN HEAL TOOTH DECAY - August 26, 1976 IF CLAIMS PROVED, LARGE USAGE SEEN IN U.S. AND OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES (CONCLUSION:) Even if xylitol isn't therapeutic, many experts believe it still has a place in preventive dentistry as an attractive noncariogenic sweetener. That's be- cause xylito1 is nearly twice as sweet as other sucrose substitutes and im- parts a nice cooling effect in the mouth, "Sorbitol, mannitol and other arti- ficial sweeteners (currently on the market) taste more like talcum powder, " says one analyst. Actually, there's nothing artificial about xylitol. The sweetener is found in many fruits, vegetables and other plants rich in xylan, from which xylos extract is derived by hydrolysis. In fact, in Finland, xylitol has been dubbed "birch sugar" by its developer, Finnish Sugar Co. because it uses the country's abundant supply of birch trees as raw material. Until now, Finn Sugar has been producing about 3,000 tons of birch sugar an- nually, marketing it mainly in Europe as a sugar substitute for diabetics, as it doesn't require insulin in its metabolism. Australia, Japan and Russia also use xylito1 for intravenous feeding of patients who suffer from severe reactions to glucose. Just recently, however, FinnSugar entered into a joint venture agreement with F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., the big Swiss-based drug concern, and the new company plans to make "substantial" production increases. Currently small quantities of xylitol are being sold in the U.S. for research purposes. But Agit Kothari, marketing manager for Hoffmann-La Roche, predicts that "if this caries thing turns out to be true," xylitol will become a signi- ficant sugar substitute,' within a few years. Ac $2.70 a pound, xylitol currently is about 10 times as expensive as sucrose, but Mr, Kothari thinks that the price will drop appreciably once demand picks up. Besides, the contends that most people would be willing to pay a lot more -8- CONTINUED for snack foods that taste good but won't rot your teeth. At least that's been the case in Finland, where chewing gum companies are advertising the results of the Turku sugar studies on their products. "Xylito1 is the biggest selling gum in the country, " says Jorma Kaartinen, sales manager for Finnfoods, Inc., Cresskill, N. J. Though xylitol gum retails for at least three times the price of sucrose gum, Mr. Kaartinen says the Finns "have about the worst teeth in the world" and will pay nearly any price for a product that's good for the teeth. In the U.S. where Americans spend about $3.5 billion annually on chewing gum, chocolate and candy, Mr. Kaartinen also thinks xylitol will one day be a big seller. That's why Finnfoods opened a U.S. sales office in the U.S., he says. "It's not a million dollar business yet, but once people find out about xylito our business will really boom," he predicts. CANADIAN SUGAR INSTITUTE EOES NOT LOOK FOR INCREASE IN SUGAR IN DEVELOPED COUN- TRIES SUCH AS CANADA TORONTO, Ontario Adequate world sugar supplies and stable prices likely will lead to increased consumption in developing countries, but not in devel- - oped countries like Canada, said the Canadian Sugar Institute today. Global sugar supplies for the crop year September-August, 1975-1976, are estimated at close to 82 million metric tons, and consumption under 80 mil- Tion tons. This would indicate a relatively stable world market. Tf supplies remain adequate and prices stable, world consumption could rise 100 million tons by 1985 according to projections of the Food and Agriculture Organization. Increased consumption would occur in low-income importing coun- tries like Sri Lanka, Ghana, Cameroon, Malaya and Korea, which had the greates percentage decline in consumption in 1975, when raw sugar prices were unusuall digh, and world supplies short. Sugar disappearance in Canada has remained around 45 kilograms per person for thirty years. The pattern is not expected to change in the foreseeable future Sugar continues to offer one of the best values in the Canadian food basket, in terms of calories per dollar. THURSTON GREENE AND COMPANY, INC. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 56H Pitts OCT 2 1975 FYS DENTAL VACCINES AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY FOUNDATION LIBRARY NEWS SERVICE SCRIPT #770 1155 Sixteenth Street, NW RELEASED, SEPTEMBER 1975 Washington, DC 20036 Copyright c 1975 by the American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved MAN AND MOLECULES NARRATOR: Tooth decay -- a national health problem painfully familiar to us all. But keep smiling, for a vaccine to help prevent cavities seems well on its way. This is Stuart Finley for MAN AND MOLECULES, presented by the American Chemical Society. Today, a report on anticavity vaccines -- a step closer to reality. BOWEN: Each year, people in the United States spend approximately $2 billion to have the ravages of dental decay repaired. Now although this is a colossal amount of money, it does not in fact give a really true or accurate picture of the problem. It cannot, for example, give any idea of the amount of pain and suffering and the number of working days lost through the ravages of dental decay. Furthermore, we know that the first permanent molar that erupts into the mouth at about the age of six or seven, this tooth in the vast majority of instances has decayed by the age of nine. So this gives some idea of the measure of this problem. NARRATOR: Tackling this tooth decay problem is William Bowen's everyday job. Dr. Bowen is Chief of the Caries Prevention and Research Branch of the National Caries Program. This is part of the National Institute of Dental Research, which in turn is part of the National Institutes of Health. We visited with Dr. Bowen for an up-date on progress in developing a vaccine to fight cavities, or caries by their official name. Interest in such a vaccine stepped up several notches with the success of recent experimen in England. And before crossing the Atlantic, Dr. Bowen had been a key figure in this work at the Royal College of Surgeons in London. To set the stage for these most promising experiments, perhaps the first thing to do is find out how the decay process works. BOWEN: For many years, we believed that diet and diet alone was responsible for dental decay. We now know -- and have quite clear proof -- that there is also a microbial component. So to have dental decay, first of all you must have a susceptible tooth. Then you must have the right microorganisms. And then, of course, the microorganisms intereact with various components of the diet, such as candy and other sugar-containing foodstuffs. For dental decay to develop you must therefore have all three factors in operation at once. If you don't have a susceptible tooth, no decay will develop. If the microorganisms are absent, you will not get dental decay. And of course if you restrict your Intake of carbohydrates in the form of sugar, your chances of getting decay are also very much reduced. -more- Source: https.//www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 SCRIPT #770 - -2 NARRATOR: Let's focus on each of these factors more closely now. For a "susceptible tooth, Dr. Bowen says the most important consideration is whether or not you live in an area where drinking water is fluoridated, since it is well established that fluoride helps protect teeth from decay. Then looking at diet, the key here is not the amount of sugar consumed but rather the frequency of consumption. For example, a pound of candy gobbled at one sitting does much less damage than the same pound of candy nibbled throughout the day. So the message in this, says Dr. Bowen, is that if you feal you must eat candy or other sugary foodstuffs, do it all at once to minimize the damage. Which brings us to the third decay factor, the microorganisms. BOWEN: The microorganisms involved are Streptococcus mutans. These microorganisms were first described by an investigator in London as far back as 1924. But they were not investigated to any significant extent until Drs. Keyes and Fitzgerald here at the National Institutes of Health investigated then -- or in essence rediscovered them -- in the early 1960 S. These microorganisms have some very interesting properties. First of all, they appear to-like to grow on the surface of teeth; and as far as we can tell, they grow best on a solid surface such as a tooth surface. They also have the property of forming glue-like materials, which are called dextrans and levans, from common table sugar - and this property enhances their ability to stick to the tooth surface. The third property they have is that they can form acid extremely rapidly from these sugar substrates, and the mixture of these microorganisms on the tooth surface embedded in this glue-like material in effect acts like an "acid sponge" on the topth surface. MARRATOR: It is this acid, says Dr. Bowen, which steadily eats away at the enamel of the tooth surface, ultimately producing a cavity. And this carries us, if you will, back to the experiments by the British research group. BOWEN: Well, with the identification of a specific microorganism capable of producing dental caries, one's thoughts automatically turn to the possibility of developing a vaccine. For example, a vaccine has been developed against diphtheria and against viral diseases such as poliomyelitis, yellow fever and smallpox. And in principle we could see no reason why it should not be possible to develop a vaccine against dental decay. NARRATOR: But while vaccination against dental decay looked reasonable in principle, there were also some seemingly good biological reasons why a vaccine might not be effective. For example, there was some d'oubt whether the body's immune system -- which produces protein antibodies that attack harmful invaders -- could be made to respond every time the microorganisms occur on the teeth. To answer these questions, the scientists innoculated a small group of monkeys with a vaccine made from whole live Streptococcus mutans organisms. As with other vaccines, the hope was that the immune system would indeed produce the specific antibodies, which would then be able to "recognize" and kill any of the organisms that- appeared in the future. -more- Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 SCRIPT #770 -3- BOWEN: We then infected the animals with the same strain of Streptococcus mutans which we had used to vaccinate them, and fed the animals a diet rich in fermentable carbohydrate, all the components of which are normally purchased for human consumption. We housed the vaccinated animals with unvaccinated animals; and much to our surprise, and indeed pleasure, we found that the animals which were vaccinated had substantially less decay than those animals which were not vaccinated. And furthermore we observed that in the animals which were vaccinated and which did develop cavities, the size of their cavities was much smaller than the animals which were not vaccinated. NARRATOR: The message was clear: it is possible to vaccinate against dental decay. But for a number of practical and medical reasons, says Dr. Bowen, a vaccine made from whole live Streptococci cannot be used to immunize humans. So the next step was to determine which component of the microorganism was stimulating the immune system and conferring the protection. To do this, the scientists prepared two different forms of vaccine. The first was made from a special chemical enzyme which plays a role in converting sugar to the glue-like materials that enable the microorganisms to stick to the tooth surface. The second vaccine consisted just of cell walls from the Streptococci, the notion being that there is some special component on the surface of the cell which also helps the organism adhere to teeth. They then administered these vaccines to separate groups of monkeys, and again fed the animals on high-sugar diets. BOWEN: Although we could generate antibody in the animals against both preparations from the microorganisms -- that is, the enzyme preparation and the cell preparation -- we found very different results in the animals. At the end of approximately four years, we observed that the animals which were vaccinated with the cell preparation were virtually caries free. In contrast, all of the animals which were vaccinated using the enzyme preparation had a very severe attack of dental caries. So therefore we concluded that the enzyme preparation did not confer protection on these animals. This of course should not be interpreted that we have found a vaccine which will eliminate dental decay in man. But it certainly indicates yet again that, in principle at least, we can protect animals to some extent against dental decay -- using the methods and procedures which we believe are responsible for dental decay in man. NARRATOR: So this is the promise, but there is still much more work ahead. And the first item on the research agenda, says Dr. Bowen, remains this question of which specific component in the microorganism is responsible for triggering the immune system to produce antibodies. BOWEN: We are now about to fractionate the cell wall to determine which factor in the cell wall will confer protection. If we manage to do this, it would then be possible to take a very simple chemical isolated from these microorganisms and run another series of trials in animals. And from there we would have to carry out a series of human trials. This would be a long and tedious "process. If on the other hand we could identify vaccines which have been cleared for use in man -- and which, if administered -more- Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/lpyv0228 SCRIPT #770 -4- - BOWEN: intramucosally or into the mouth, stimulate the type of antibody (cont) necessary to nonfer protectfonagainst dental decay -- if we could use these existing vaccines it would be possible that we would shorten the time for development of a caries vaccine considerably. NARRATOR: In addition to this painstaking job of identification, there are some more practical issues to be settled. For one thing, the best way to administer the vaccine must yet be defined. In the various monkey experiments, the researchers tried several innoculation routes -- directly through the cheek into what's called the submucosal tissue, for example, as. well as the more conventional shot in the arm. It turned out that injections through the cheek produced the greatest antibody response, says Dr. Bowen, but whether this route wi 11 prove the ultimate choice remains an open question. BOWEN: We still need to investigate other routes, and to determine what frequency and methodology will be best suited to give us the longest antibody response and confer the best protection. There would be very little advantage to having a vaccine which needed to be administered perhaps every one or two months. The more infrequently vaccine has to be administered, the more acceptable -- at least from a public health point of view -- it would be to us. NARRATOR: But let's be confident and suppose for a moment that all the problems are solved. In this state of mind, we asked Dr. Bowen who will benefit most from such an anti-decay vaccine. BOWEN: Dental caries occur most frequently in children up to the age of 15 on 16. After that age, for one reason or another the incidence of dental decay declines. So we think the vaccine, like most vaccines, would be aimed primarily at the younger age group. NARRATOR: It is also obvious, of course, that the benefits of having good teeth as a child will carry over into adulthood -- and will help reduce the great toll that dental decay now exacts. Once again though, while this goal is bright there is still considerable distance to travel. But with the success of these recent experiments, says Dr. Bowen, at least we seem to be moving forward along the right path. BOWEN: I'm confident that sometime in the future we will have a vaccine which will confer at least some protection against d'ental decay in humans. It's been clearly established in a number of animals by a number of different investigators that a vaecine will prevent or reduce the incidence of d'ental decay in experimental animals. But while we're waiting for this vaccine we should continue to press for water fluoridation, the use of toothpaste containing fluoride, the practice of good oral hygiene, and of course a big reduction in the frequency of snacks between meals. NARRATOR: Today, a report on immunisation against tooth decay. This program, "Dental Vaccines,' featured Dr. William Bowen of the National Caries Program.

In which areas sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed planting ?

pmhk0226

pmhk0226_p0

in eastern Colorado and western Kansas, eastern Colorado and Western Kansas

THE DENVER POST Thurs., Nov. 15, 1973 51 $75 Million Due On '73 Beet Crop By JACK PHINNEY record and amounts to $17.15 a ton. It will Denver Post Business Writer go to about 4,000 growers in Colorado, Great Western Sugar Co. next week will Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming and Mon- make an initial 1973 crop payment of $75.2 tana. million for sugar beets in five states. In addition, $9.6 million in Sugar Act The company said the payment is a payments, derived from a federal tax on the sugar industry, will go to growers in the five states. This will bring the total to $84.8 million, or $19.33 a ton. The payments are for beets delivered before Nov. 5. Company payment for beets delivered after that will be made in mid-December. This year, because of ex- cellent harvest weather, 98 per cent of the crop was delivered before Nov. 5. The initial payment this year is $2.80 a ton greater than that of a year ago. Raw sugar prices currently are more than 20 per cent higher than they were a year ago. Growers will receive additional pay- ments for the 1973 crop in April and Oc- tober 1974, but these probably won't total more than 5 per cent of the initial payment. The 1973 beet crop in the five states was slightly below average in sugar content because of a poor growing season in some areas. In eastern Colorado and Western Kansas, for example, sugar content was down because adverse spring weather delayed plantings. But in other areas-the Lovell, Wyo., area for one-sugar content was up, and the initial 1973 crop payment to growers there will be more than the three-payment total they received for their 1972 crop. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pmhk0226

What is the headline of this news?

fglk0226

fglk0226_p0, fglk0226_p1

Crop Prospects in Wyoming Improve

Johnson, all of Powell, won in the livestock judging. Star Crop Prospects in Wyoming Improve 10/14/67 CHEYENNE (AP) - The Wy- oming and U.S. Departments of Agriculture reported that total crop prospects for the state con- tinue to improve with the warm weather. They say the sugar beet crop is currently being aid- ed by the mild fall. The reports say the longer season has produced additional hay and permitted maturity of corn for grain. High yields were attained for oats, barley, spring wheat, rye and alfalfa hay this year. Win- ter. wheat averaged 28 bushels an acre which equals the 1958 record and corn averaged 60 bu- shels an acre, the second best on record. Milk production in Wyoming continued its seasonal down- trend, the report said, as it dropped to 1 million pounds in September. The milk output level is 2 per cent below the av- erage of one year ago and 10 per cent under the five-year av- rage. The farm report said egg pro- duction was 3.3 million for Sep- tember unchanged from last year. Farm and ranch labor employ- ment totaled 20,000 during the week of Sept. 17 to 23, down about 1,000 over last year. oz Normal Maximum 67 Normal Minimum 37 Highest ever recorded this date / 86 in 1958 Lowest ever recorded this date 22 above zero in 1923 Precipitation none Total this month 1.12 inches . Total this year 15.50 inches Precipitation above normal 2.29 inches Average sky condition clear Average wind velocity 9.4 Prevailing wind direction s NEBRASKA - Increasing cloudiness today and tonight, with scattered show- ers and thundersforms. Little warmer today, turning cooler central tonight. Highs today in the 70s. Parfly cloudy Sunday, with scattered showers east in the norning. Cooler over most of area. WYOMING - Partly cloudy today and Sunday; windy and cooler today with chance of snow flurries high mountains and slight chance of showers lower ele- vations; a liffle warmer Sunday after- noon; high temperatures today 55-65 west and north, 60s southeast and 45-55 mountains. THE WEATHER ELSEWHERE BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS High Low Pr. Bismarck 62 45 Chicago 62 50 .26 Cleveland 63 37 Denver 73 36 Des Moines 67 54 Fairbanks 39 24 Fort Worth 85 66 Helena 57 39 Kansas City 77 62 Los Angeles 84 60 Miami 80 64 1.75 Minneapolis-St. Poul 64 49 New Orleans 83 50 New York 61 48 Omaha 68 48 .13 Phoenix 94 59 St. Louis 68 54 .11 San Francisco 76 58 Washington 64 40 Vice Admiral Honors Commander of Legion WASHINGTON, D.C. - Dur- ing his recent tour of the Viet- nam combat area William E. Galbraith, national commander of the American Legion, from Neh

What is the cost of sampling and tests to grower or landowner?

pjhk0226

pjhk0226_p0

$6 per field., $6 per field

GWTIME PROFIT-MINDED TIPS FROM L. H. HENDERSON-DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL MANAGER SCOTTSBLUFF, NEBRASKA OCTOBER 15, 1973 The start of beet harvest is an appropriate time to talk about sugar content. As you proceed with your harvest, try to determine why one field has a higher or lower sugar percent than another. The sugar beet industry has tried for years to increase sugar and tonnage in order to improve profits. Much success has been obtained in increasing yields--sometimes at the expense of sugar content--while less success has been realized in increasing the percentage of sugar. We are now finding some answers to this complex problem. Nitrogen management, seed variety, and irrigation practices are three of the factors over which we have some control. Let us consider just one of them, nitro- gen management. Nitrogen is just one of the three major plant food elements necessary for optimum growth, but it is the one having a direct effect on sugar. We have known for many years that an excess of nitrogen in the soil at harvest time reduces sugar content. We haven't always been able to measure the amount of N available to the plant and consequently we couldn't determine exactly how much fertilizer to add. If we erred on the side of too little N, usually the result was too few tons per acre. Our ability to determine precisely the exact amount of N to add is much better than it used to be. This is so because improved soil testing methods have been developed and better sampling techniques and equipment are available to us. For the past two seasons we have been testing fields by sampling them to the six foot depth. Sugar beet roots extend into the soil to depths as great as eight feet. Experimental work has shown that beets have the ability to use plant nutrients from the lower soil depths if the upper soil is deficient. Six foot deep soil probes have shown that some notoriously low sugar content farms have enough residual nitrogen to produce two maxi- mum crops of beets without the addition of any nitrogen fertilizer. Impor- tant amounts of this is often located at soil depths below twenty-four inches. The addition of nitrogen fertilizer to such fields usually increases the problem by further reducing sugar content. We have arranged with the University of Nebraska to test soil samples for sugar beet fields again this fall. We will provide a deep soil sampling service starting October 8. The cost of the sampling and tests to a grower or landowner will be only $6 per field. The standard test will be for a six foot profile showing Soil PH, % Organic Matter, Residual Nitrate, Phos- phorous, Potassium, and Excess Lime. An extra charge will be made for minor element determination if requested. Recommendations for fertilizer application based on these tests will be made by District Extention Soils Specialist Louis Daigger of the University of Nebraska Panhandle Station. He will send his recommendations directly to the farmer. This service is a real opportunity for you to help yourself to a more profitable beet crop in the future. A1 though the system needs further re- finement, it is by far the best we know of and it can be improved only by extending its use. Contact your GW Agriculturist or call Scottsbluff 635-3794 to order your deep soil test. Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/pjhk0226

Which crops attained high yields this year as per the news?

fglk0226

fglk0226_p0, fglk0226_p1

oats, barley, spring wheat, rye and alfalfa hay

Johnson, all of Powell, won in the livestock judging. Star Crop Prospects in Wyoming Improve 10/14/67 CHEYENNE (AP) - The Wy- oming and U.S. Departments of Agriculture reported that total crop prospects for the state con- tinue to improve with the warm weather. They say the sugar beet crop is currently being aid- ed by the mild fall. The reports say the longer season has produced additional hay and permitted maturity of corn for grain. High yields were attained for oats, barley, spring wheat, rye and alfalfa hay this year. Win- ter. wheat averaged 28 bushels an acre which equals the 1958 record and corn averaged 60 bu- shels an acre, the second best on record. Milk production in Wyoming continued its seasonal down- trend, the report said, as it dropped to 1 million pounds in September. The milk output level is 2 per cent below the av- erage of one year ago and 10 per cent under the five-year av- rage. The farm report said egg pro- duction was 3.3 million for Sep- tember unchanged from last year. Farm and ranch labor employ- ment totaled 20,000 during the week of Sept. 17 to 23, down about 1,000 over last year. oz Normal Maximum 67 Normal Minimum 37 Highest ever recorded this date / 86 in 1958 Lowest ever recorded this date 22 above zero in 1923 Precipitation none Total this month 1.12 inches . Total this year 15.50 inches Precipitation above normal 2.29 inches Average sky condition clear Average wind velocity 9.4 Prevailing wind direction s NEBRASKA - Increasing cloudiness today and tonight, with scattered show- ers and thundersforms. Little warmer today, turning cooler central tonight. Highs today in the 70s. Parfly cloudy Sunday, with scattered showers east in the norning. Cooler over most of area. WYOMING - Partly cloudy today and Sunday; windy and cooler today with chance of snow flurries high mountains and slight chance of showers lower ele- vations; a liffle warmer Sunday after- noon; high temperatures today 55-65 west and north, 60s southeast and 45-55 mountains. THE WEATHER ELSEWHERE BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS High Low Pr. Bismarck 62 45 Chicago 62 50 .26 Cleveland 63 37 Denver 73 36 Des Moines 67 54 Fairbanks 39 24 Fort Worth 85 66 Helena 57 39 Kansas City 77 62 Los Angeles 84 60 Miami 80 64 1.75 Minneapolis-St. Poul 64 49 New Orleans 83 50 New York 61 48 Omaha 68 48 .13 Phoenix 94 59 St. Louis 68 54 .11 San Francisco 76 58 Washington 64 40 Vice Admiral Honors Commander of Legion WASHINGTON, D.C. - Dur- ing his recent tour of the Viet- nam combat area William E. Galbraith, national commander of the American Legion, from Neh

In which month, milk production in Wyoming dropped to 1 million pounds?

fglk0226

fglk0226_p0, fglk0226_p1

September

Johnson, all of Powell, won in the livestock judging. Star Crop Prospects in Wyoming Improve 10/14/67 CHEYENNE (AP) - The Wy- oming and U.S. Departments of Agriculture reported that total crop prospects for the state con- tinue to improve with the warm weather. They say the sugar beet crop is currently being aid- ed by the mild fall. The reports say the longer season has produced additional hay and permitted maturity of corn for grain. High yields were attained for oats, barley, spring wheat, rye and alfalfa hay this year. Win- ter. wheat averaged 28 bushels an acre which equals the 1958 record and corn averaged 60 bu- shels an acre, the second best on record. Milk production in Wyoming continued its seasonal down- trend, the report said, as it dropped to 1 million pounds in September. The milk output level is 2 per cent below the av- erage of one year ago and 10 per cent under the five-year av- rage. The farm report said egg pro- duction was 3.3 million for Sep- tember unchanged from last year. Farm and ranch labor employ- ment totaled 20,000 during the week of Sept. 17 to 23, down about 1,000 over last year. oz Normal Maximum 67 Normal Minimum 37 Highest ever recorded this date / 86 in 1958 Lowest ever recorded this date 22 above zero in 1923 Precipitation none Total this month 1.12 inches . Total this year 15.50 inches Precipitation above normal 2.29 inches Average sky condition clear Average wind velocity 9.4 Prevailing wind direction s NEBRASKA - Increasing cloudiness today and tonight, with scattered show- ers and thundersforms. Little warmer today, turning cooler central tonight. Highs today in the 70s. Parfly cloudy Sunday, with scattered showers east in the norning. Cooler over most of area. WYOMING - Partly cloudy today and Sunday; windy and cooler today with chance of snow flurries high mountains and slight chance of showers lower ele- vations; a liffle warmer Sunday after- noon; high temperatures today 55-65 west and north, 60s southeast and 45-55 mountains. THE WEATHER ELSEWHERE BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS High Low Pr. Bismarck 62 45 Chicago 62 50 .26 Cleveland 63 37 Denver 73 36 Des Moines 67 54 Fairbanks 39 24 Fort Worth 85 66 Helena 57 39 Kansas City 77 62 Los Angeles 84 60 Miami 80 64 1.75 Minneapolis-St. Poul 64 49 New Orleans 83 50 New York 61 48 Omaha 68 48 .13 Phoenix 94 59 St. Louis 68 54 .11 San Francisco 76 58 Washington 64 40 Vice Admiral Honors Commander of Legion WASHINGTON, D.C. - Dur- ing his recent tour of the Viet- nam combat area William E. Galbraith, national commander of the American Legion, from Neh

How much was the egg production for september as per the farm report?

fglk0226

fglk0226_p0, fglk0226_p1

3.3 million

Johnson, all of Powell, won in the livestock judging. Star Crop Prospects in Wyoming Improve 10/14/67 CHEYENNE (AP) - The Wy- oming and U.S. Departments of Agriculture reported that total crop prospects for the state con- tinue to improve with the warm weather. They say the sugar beet crop is currently being aid- ed by the mild fall. The reports say the longer season has produced additional hay and permitted maturity of corn for grain. High yields were attained for oats, barley, spring wheat, rye and alfalfa hay this year. Win- ter. wheat averaged 28 bushels an acre which equals the 1958 record and corn averaged 60 bu- shels an acre, the second best on record. Milk production in Wyoming continued its seasonal down- trend, the report said, as it dropped to 1 million pounds in September. The milk output level is 2 per cent below the av- erage of one year ago and 10 per cent under the five-year av- rage. The farm report said egg pro- duction was 3.3 million for Sep- tember unchanged from last year. Farm and ranch labor employ- ment totaled 20,000 during the week of Sept. 17 to 23, down about 1,000 over last year. oz Normal Maximum 67 Normal Minimum 37 Highest ever recorded this date / 86 in 1958 Lowest ever recorded this date 22 above zero in 1923 Precipitation none Total this month 1.12 inches . Total this year 15.50 inches Precipitation above normal 2.29 inches Average sky condition clear Average wind velocity 9.4 Prevailing wind direction s NEBRASKA - Increasing cloudiness today and tonight, with scattered show- ers and thundersforms. Little warmer today, turning cooler central tonight. Highs today in the 70s. Parfly cloudy Sunday, with scattered showers east in the norning. Cooler over most of area. WYOMING - Partly cloudy today and Sunday; windy and cooler today with chance of snow flurries high mountains and slight chance of showers lower ele- vations; a liffle warmer Sunday after- noon; high temperatures today 55-65 west and north, 60s southeast and 45-55 mountains. THE WEATHER ELSEWHERE BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS High Low Pr. Bismarck 62 45 Chicago 62 50 .26 Cleveland 63 37 Denver 73 36 Des Moines 67 54 Fairbanks 39 24 Fort Worth 85 66 Helena 57 39 Kansas City 77 62 Los Angeles 84 60 Miami 80 64 1.75 Minneapolis-St. Poul 64 49 New Orleans 83 50 New York 61 48 Omaha 68 48 .13 Phoenix 94 59 St. Louis 68 54 .11 San Francisco 76 58 Washington 64 40 Vice Admiral Honors Commander of Legion WASHINGTON, D.C. - Dur- ing his recent tour of the Viet- nam combat area William E. Galbraith, national commander of the American Legion, from Neh

What type of zoom lens is advertised for 35mm slr cameras as per the advertisement?

srlh0227

srlh0227_p0, srlh0227_p1

new Vivitar 75-205mm zoom lens, 75-205mm

SS is or is 21 not tho of ing lav the ner ome en- ore ber- ifee AP gns of Bergland, surplus wheat in 1948: nts- Old programs and fresh stockpiles? ant- that lent A New Deal mly rely ffee For Farmers :fee to 6 E xcept for coffee, shopping for food r of these days is almost a pleasure. Beef bro- prices across the country are 20 cents a war pound lower than they were a year ago, bia pork is down 32 cents a pound and such -all staples as sugar and flour have not been so low for years. Consumer food prices rage rose only about 3 per cent in 1976, or only Wally McNamee-Newsweek ally. about half as much as prices in general- For Bergland wants to reverse some of lion a sharp improvement from two years ago the free-market policies of Earl Butz that, stic when soaring food prices helped push for a while, proved so profitable to farm- ver, inflation to double-digit levels. And the ers. The fears of the farmers are neatly ini- outlook for this year is equally encourag- summed up in the theme adopted by the ex- ing. "I have no reason to think that retail American Farm Bureau Federation for nd). prices will increase more than 3 or 4 its annual meeting this week in Honolu- $2.4 per cent," says Agriculture Department lu: "Keeping Farmers Free in Century -up economist J. Dawson Ahalt. Three." 1 in But what's good for the consumer is Juggling: Balancing the interests of are turning into a major problem for the farmers and consumers is hardly a new lese nation's 3.3 million farmers. Farm prices problem. Beginning in the late 1930s, the ex- fell 4 per cent in 1976 and little, if any, U.S. struggled intermittently with enor- ar, improvement is seen this year as bumper mous surpluses. Farmers were even paid I of crops here and abroad hang over the not to produce. At the peak of this "soil gri- market. Not surprisingly, U.S. farmers bank' program, the U.S. was paying near- are beginning to complain loudly. And ly $3.5 billion a year to keep 50 million y a this puts peanut-farmer Jimmy Carter acres of crop land idle. Still the farmers de- and grain-farmer Bob S. Bergland, the overproduced, and the government was out designated Agriculture Secretary, in a forced to buy crops and store them in it in ticklish position. They are pledged to government bins. At one point, storage are prop up sinking farm prices, but they costs alone ran nearly $1 million a day. nent must do so in a way that won't set off Then, starting in 1973, Agriculture the another big jump in retail food prices. Secretary Butz turned farm policy com- its of "The interests of consumers and farmers pletely around. Fallow acreage was put ubts can come into conflict pretty easily,' back into production. The government's ime says Norman R. Urquhart, an agricultural huge grain reserves were sold off, and cof- economist at Citibank. Butz even sold all the storage bins. For a But But even as consumer groups worry while, it appeared that Butz had all the ach that they may be burt by Bergland's answers. The annual wheat harvest went pay attempts to buttress farm prices, the from 1.5 billion bushels to 2.15 billion, farmers themselves are just as uneasy. the yearly corn crop soared from Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227 BUSINESS billion bushels to 6.1 billion-and all of 33 OSBMM it miraculously found a market. But Butz's crities, including Bob Bergland, say he was merely lucky. Huge export demand during most of his tenure more Rx than drained off excess U.S. supplies, VIVITAR 75-205 they say, and actually caused domestic CLOSE FOCUSING ZOOM LENS prices to rise sharply. Now, export de- Cures photographer's itch. Been mand has subsided and U.S. farm sur- pluses are becoming a problem again- though now the surpluses are being The new Vivitar 75-205mm zoom lens 20 stored by the farmers instead of the gov= 60 for 35mm SLR cameras will cure your ernment. The current wheat surplus, for example, is 1 billion bushels, or nearly itch for a lens that frames your picture half a year's production. precisely the way you want it. You'll have 75 Double Reverse: To keep those sur- pluses from depressing farm prices still 131 focal lengths plus 1:4 reproduction further, the Carter Administration and capabilities at close focus. The all new Congress are about to reverse farm poli- optical design will give you sharp, tight cy again. Bergland makes no bones about his disdain for Butz's free-market poli- portraits and crisp, long shots. Get the cies. "We've got to make plans,' he says. cure at your Vivitar dealer for a very reason- "I want no part of a boom-and-bust phi- able amount of scratch. losophy. It makes no sense for prices to zoom out of sight one year and fall Marketed in the U.S.A. by Ponder&Best, Inc. through the basement the next.' Corporate Offices: 1630 Stewart Street, Bergland is said to be leaning toward Santa Monica. CA 90406. In Canada: two key changes. First, he might re- Precision Cameras of Canada, Ltd., Quebec. establish a U.S. grain reserve-though not on the scale of the pre-Butz days. The Vivitar. reserves would be used to iron out the 16 peaks and valleys of grain prices-crops would be added to storage when prices R are low, sold off when they are high- Ponder & Best, Inc., 1976 and to help provide a backstop against famine in other nations... In addition, he is expected to increase the subsidies available to farmers under the so-called price-support loan pro- gram, which allows the farmer to use his College dollars need crop as collateral for borrowing from the government. Currently, for example, a time to grow. farmer can borrow $2.25 for each bushel of wheat he puts up as collateral. If the market price of wheat stays at its present level of about $2.60, the farmer can even- tually sell his crop, pay off the loan and pocket the difference. But if the market price of wheat falls below the loan level of $2.25, he turns the wheat over to the government, which cancels his obliga- Take stock in America. tion to repay the loan. Bergland is likely to propose that the support levels of key With higher paying us. Savings Bonds grain crops be raised, in effect raising the guaranteed price that farmers can get for those crops. Doubts: While this program is designed to protect farmers from overproduction, Helps Shrink Swelling Of many farmers are wary. President Allan Grant of the American Farm Bureau, Hemorrhoidal Tissues Due To pleads against legislation that "would return farmers to the old and discredited Inflammation. Relieves Pain And Itch program of controls and dependency on government payments for a large share of their income.' Grant fears that the gov- Gives prompt temporary relief in many cases from ernment's reserves would work more for the benefit of the ever-more-militant hemorrhoidal pain and burning itch in such tissues. consumer than for farmers. "The fact that grain reserves are known to exist has an There's an exclusive medication which while it gently relieved such pain, it actually helps shrink painful swelling also helped reduce swelling of these immediate tendency to disrupt and de- of hemorrhoidal tissues caused by in- tissues. press farm markets, he savs. flammation. And in many cases it gives The medication used in the tests was Despite the farmers' fears---and some prompt relief for hours from rectal Preparation HR. No prescription is misgivings among Carter's economic ad- itching and pain in such tissues. needed for Preparation H. In ointment visers that higher price supports will Tests by doctors on patients showed or suppository form. price American agriculture out of world 68 Newsweek, January 17. 1977 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227

what does the optical design provide ?

srlh0227

srlh0227_p0, srlh0227_p1

sharp, tight portraits and crisp, long shots., will give you sharp, tight portraits and crisp, long shots

SS is or is 21 not tho of ing lav the ner ome en- ore ber- ifee AP gns of Bergland, surplus wheat in 1948: nts- Old programs and fresh stockpiles? ant- that lent A New Deal mly rely ffee For Farmers :fee to 6 E xcept for coffee, shopping for food r of these days is almost a pleasure. Beef bro- prices across the country are 20 cents a war pound lower than they were a year ago, bia pork is down 32 cents a pound and such -all staples as sugar and flour have not been so low for years. Consumer food prices rage rose only about 3 per cent in 1976, or only Wally McNamee-Newsweek ally. about half as much as prices in general- For Bergland wants to reverse some of lion a sharp improvement from two years ago the free-market policies of Earl Butz that, stic when soaring food prices helped push for a while, proved so profitable to farm- ver, inflation to double-digit levels. And the ers. The fears of the farmers are neatly ini- outlook for this year is equally encourag- summed up in the theme adopted by the ex- ing. "I have no reason to think that retail American Farm Bureau Federation for nd). prices will increase more than 3 or 4 its annual meeting this week in Honolu- $2.4 per cent," says Agriculture Department lu: "Keeping Farmers Free in Century -up economist J. Dawson Ahalt. Three." 1 in But what's good for the consumer is Juggling: Balancing the interests of are turning into a major problem for the farmers and consumers is hardly a new lese nation's 3.3 million farmers. Farm prices problem. Beginning in the late 1930s, the ex- fell 4 per cent in 1976 and little, if any, U.S. struggled intermittently with enor- ar, improvement is seen this year as bumper mous surpluses. Farmers were even paid I of crops here and abroad hang over the not to produce. At the peak of this "soil gri- market. Not surprisingly, U.S. farmers bank' program, the U.S. was paying near- are beginning to complain loudly. And ly $3.5 billion a year to keep 50 million y a this puts peanut-farmer Jimmy Carter acres of crop land idle. Still the farmers de- and grain-farmer Bob S. Bergland, the overproduced, and the government was out designated Agriculture Secretary, in a forced to buy crops and store them in it in ticklish position. They are pledged to government bins. At one point, storage are prop up sinking farm prices, but they costs alone ran nearly $1 million a day. nent must do so in a way that won't set off Then, starting in 1973, Agriculture the another big jump in retail food prices. Secretary Butz turned farm policy com- its of "The interests of consumers and farmers pletely around. Fallow acreage was put ubts can come into conflict pretty easily,' back into production. The government's ime says Norman R. Urquhart, an agricultural huge grain reserves were sold off, and cof- economist at Citibank. Butz even sold all the storage bins. For a But But even as consumer groups worry while, it appeared that Butz had all the ach that they may be burt by Bergland's answers. The annual wheat harvest went pay attempts to buttress farm prices, the from 1.5 billion bushels to 2.15 billion, farmers themselves are just as uneasy. the yearly corn crop soared from Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227 BUSINESS billion bushels to 6.1 billion-and all of 33 OSBMM it miraculously found a market. But Butz's crities, including Bob Bergland, say he was merely lucky. Huge export demand during most of his tenure more Rx than drained off excess U.S. supplies, VIVITAR 75-205 they say, and actually caused domestic CLOSE FOCUSING ZOOM LENS prices to rise sharply. Now, export de- Cures photographer's itch. Been mand has subsided and U.S. farm sur- pluses are becoming a problem again- though now the surpluses are being The new Vivitar 75-205mm zoom lens 20 stored by the farmers instead of the gov= 60 for 35mm SLR cameras will cure your ernment. The current wheat surplus, for example, is 1 billion bushels, or nearly itch for a lens that frames your picture half a year's production. precisely the way you want it. You'll have 75 Double Reverse: To keep those sur- pluses from depressing farm prices still 131 focal lengths plus 1:4 reproduction further, the Carter Administration and capabilities at close focus. The all new Congress are about to reverse farm poli- optical design will give you sharp, tight cy again. Bergland makes no bones about his disdain for Butz's free-market poli- portraits and crisp, long shots. Get the cies. "We've got to make plans,' he says. cure at your Vivitar dealer for a very reason- "I want no part of a boom-and-bust phi- able amount of scratch. losophy. It makes no sense for prices to zoom out of sight one year and fall Marketed in the U.S.A. by Ponder&Best, Inc. through the basement the next.' Corporate Offices: 1630 Stewart Street, Bergland is said to be leaning toward Santa Monica. CA 90406. In Canada: two key changes. First, he might re- Precision Cameras of Canada, Ltd., Quebec. establish a U.S. grain reserve-though not on the scale of the pre-Butz days. The Vivitar. reserves would be used to iron out the 16 peaks and valleys of grain prices-crops would be added to storage when prices R are low, sold off when they are high- Ponder & Best, Inc., 1976 and to help provide a backstop against famine in other nations... In addition, he is expected to increase the subsidies available to farmers under the so-called price-support loan pro- gram, which allows the farmer to use his College dollars need crop as collateral for borrowing from the government. Currently, for example, a time to grow. farmer can borrow $2.25 for each bushel of wheat he puts up as collateral. If the market price of wheat stays at its present level of about $2.60, the farmer can even- tually sell his crop, pay off the loan and pocket the difference. But if the market price of wheat falls below the loan level of $2.25, he turns the wheat over to the government, which cancels his obliga- Take stock in America. tion to repay the loan. Bergland is likely to propose that the support levels of key With higher paying us. Savings Bonds grain crops be raised, in effect raising the guaranteed price that farmers can get for those crops. Doubts: While this program is designed to protect farmers from overproduction, Helps Shrink Swelling Of many farmers are wary. President Allan Grant of the American Farm Bureau, Hemorrhoidal Tissues Due To pleads against legislation that "would return farmers to the old and discredited Inflammation. Relieves Pain And Itch program of controls and dependency on government payments for a large share of their income.' Grant fears that the gov- Gives prompt temporary relief in many cases from ernment's reserves would work more for the benefit of the ever-more-militant hemorrhoidal pain and burning itch in such tissues. consumer than for farmers. "The fact that grain reserves are known to exist has an There's an exclusive medication which while it gently relieved such pain, it actually helps shrink painful swelling also helped reduce swelling of these immediate tendency to disrupt and de- of hemorrhoidal tissues caused by in- tissues. press farm markets, he savs. flammation. And in many cases it gives The medication used in the tests was Despite the farmers' fears---and some prompt relief for hours from rectal Preparation HR. No prescription is misgivings among Carter's economic ad- itching and pain in such tissues. needed for Preparation H. In ointment visers that higher price supports will Tests by doctors on patients showed or suppository form. price American agriculture out of world 68 Newsweek, January 17. 1977 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227

What kind of memorandum is this ?

jpyv0228

jpyv0228_p0, jpyv0228_p1, jpyv0228_p2

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM Great Western United Corporation TO: Claud Fleet DATE: 11/22/76 FROM: Jan Steen SUBJECT: Xylitol I called to the Sugar Association in Washington, D.C. for Jack 0'Connell. He is on vacation. Talked to a lady who said there had been experiments with adding phosphate to sugar to lower cavity counts and said she would send out material on that and other infomation on xylitol tomorrow. Sarah Setton FDA - now banned sachain (sp) but have sugar substitute. made from grapefurit rind - nud more info Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228 Div of PR fack O' Connell (Rnand cland Sugar assoc. Hap anyone considered auplicating W ashing ton P.C. can its qualities its bt qualities in sugar ? don't need absolute just has it been considered addphosphate to sugar X - clip ant possibles 1511 K St, N.W. D.C. 20005 202-628-0189 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228 The Billings Gazette 8.29.76 4B New sugarless gum may be cavity fighter (C) Chicago Daily News 50 dental students chewed five sticks of xylitol-sweetened gum CHICAGO - Executives of daily while 50 other students the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co. aren't chewed sugar-sweetened gum: Xylitol Sparks Interest planning to bite off more than At the end of a year, research- they can chew with a so-called ers said, the sugar group had an Reports that the natural sweetener miracle sweetener for gum average increase of three cavi- xylitol may be an effective anti-carie that's supposed to prevent den- ties, while the xylitol group agent have sparked food industry in- tal cavities. showed an average decrease of terest in the product. Current Food Even so, the Chicago-based one cavity. and Drug Administration regulations company has introduced chew- ing gum in West Germany Xylitol, a so-called sugar al- permit the use of the sweetener in sweetened by the chemical xyli- cohol, is found in small special dietary foods. However, if amounts in many fruits and veg- xylitol is to be promoted as an anti- tol (pronounced zy-lit-tall). A Wrigley spokesman said etables. But the Finnish Sugar carie or non-carie agent, FDA ap- that if sales of the new prem- Co., which is producing it com- proval would depend on additional ium-priced gum called Orbit go mercially, is using birch trees as testing requiring several more years well in Germany, consideration raw material. For that reason, of work. 11 would be given to selling it in the Finns have dubbed it "birch this country. sugar." !'We've tried a. number of other sugar substitutes in the past that were supposed to con- tribute to dental health, but none of them ever-worked out," said the spokesman, "so we're not rushing with this one." The use of xylitol to sweeten gum and candy has been pi- oneered in Finland for the last three years. Finnish dentists at the University of Turku say their tests show the chemical not only will prevent tooth de- cay but will even "heal" incipi- ent (very small cavities. In one test at. the university, Source:https://wvww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228

what is the focal length mentioned in the advertisement?

srlh0227

srlh0227_p0, srlh0227_p1

131

SS is or is 21 not tho of ing lav the ner ome en- ore ber- ifee AP gns of Bergland, surplus wheat in 1948: nts- Old programs and fresh stockpiles? ant- that lent A New Deal mly rely ffee For Farmers :fee to 6 E xcept for coffee, shopping for food r of these days is almost a pleasure. Beef bro- prices across the country are 20 cents a war pound lower than they were a year ago, bia pork is down 32 cents a pound and such -all staples as sugar and flour have not been so low for years. Consumer food prices rage rose only about 3 per cent in 1976, or only Wally McNamee-Newsweek ally. about half as much as prices in general- For Bergland wants to reverse some of lion a sharp improvement from two years ago the free-market policies of Earl Butz that, stic when soaring food prices helped push for a while, proved so profitable to farm- ver, inflation to double-digit levels. And the ers. The fears of the farmers are neatly ini- outlook for this year is equally encourag- summed up in the theme adopted by the ex- ing. "I have no reason to think that retail American Farm Bureau Federation for nd). prices will increase more than 3 or 4 its annual meeting this week in Honolu- $2.4 per cent," says Agriculture Department lu: "Keeping Farmers Free in Century -up economist J. Dawson Ahalt. Three." 1 in But what's good for the consumer is Juggling: Balancing the interests of are turning into a major problem for the farmers and consumers is hardly a new lese nation's 3.3 million farmers. Farm prices problem. Beginning in the late 1930s, the ex- fell 4 per cent in 1976 and little, if any, U.S. struggled intermittently with enor- ar, improvement is seen this year as bumper mous surpluses. Farmers were even paid I of crops here and abroad hang over the not to produce. At the peak of this "soil gri- market. Not surprisingly, U.S. farmers bank' program, the U.S. was paying near- are beginning to complain loudly. And ly $3.5 billion a year to keep 50 million y a this puts peanut-farmer Jimmy Carter acres of crop land idle. Still the farmers de- and grain-farmer Bob S. Bergland, the overproduced, and the government was out designated Agriculture Secretary, in a forced to buy crops and store them in it in ticklish position. They are pledged to government bins. At one point, storage are prop up sinking farm prices, but they costs alone ran nearly $1 million a day. nent must do so in a way that won't set off Then, starting in 1973, Agriculture the another big jump in retail food prices. Secretary Butz turned farm policy com- its of "The interests of consumers and farmers pletely around. Fallow acreage was put ubts can come into conflict pretty easily,' back into production. The government's ime says Norman R. Urquhart, an agricultural huge grain reserves were sold off, and cof- economist at Citibank. Butz even sold all the storage bins. For a But But even as consumer groups worry while, it appeared that Butz had all the ach that they may be burt by Bergland's answers. The annual wheat harvest went pay attempts to buttress farm prices, the from 1.5 billion bushels to 2.15 billion, farmers themselves are just as uneasy. the yearly corn crop soared from Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227 BUSINESS billion bushels to 6.1 billion-and all of 33 OSBMM it miraculously found a market. But Butz's crities, including Bob Bergland, say he was merely lucky. Huge export demand during most of his tenure more Rx than drained off excess U.S. supplies, VIVITAR 75-205 they say, and actually caused domestic CLOSE FOCUSING ZOOM LENS prices to rise sharply. Now, export de- Cures photographer's itch. Been mand has subsided and U.S. farm sur- pluses are becoming a problem again- though now the surpluses are being The new Vivitar 75-205mm zoom lens 20 stored by the farmers instead of the gov= 60 for 35mm SLR cameras will cure your ernment. The current wheat surplus, for example, is 1 billion bushels, or nearly itch for a lens that frames your picture half a year's production. precisely the way you want it. You'll have 75 Double Reverse: To keep those sur- pluses from depressing farm prices still 131 focal lengths plus 1:4 reproduction further, the Carter Administration and capabilities at close focus. The all new Congress are about to reverse farm poli- optical design will give you sharp, tight cy again. Bergland makes no bones about his disdain for Butz's free-market poli- portraits and crisp, long shots. Get the cies. "We've got to make plans,' he says. cure at your Vivitar dealer for a very reason- "I want no part of a boom-and-bust phi- able amount of scratch. losophy. It makes no sense for prices to zoom out of sight one year and fall Marketed in the U.S.A. by Ponder&Best, Inc. through the basement the next.' Corporate Offices: 1630 Stewart Street, Bergland is said to be leaning toward Santa Monica. CA 90406. In Canada: two key changes. First, he might re- Precision Cameras of Canada, Ltd., Quebec. establish a U.S. grain reserve-though not on the scale of the pre-Butz days. The Vivitar. reserves would be used to iron out the 16 peaks and valleys of grain prices-crops would be added to storage when prices R are low, sold off when they are high- Ponder & Best, Inc., 1976 and to help provide a backstop against famine in other nations... In addition, he is expected to increase the subsidies available to farmers under the so-called price-support loan pro- gram, which allows the farmer to use his College dollars need crop as collateral for borrowing from the government. Currently, for example, a time to grow. farmer can borrow $2.25 for each bushel of wheat he puts up as collateral. If the market price of wheat stays at its present level of about $2.60, the farmer can even- tually sell his crop, pay off the loan and pocket the difference. But if the market price of wheat falls below the loan level of $2.25, he turns the wheat over to the government, which cancels his obliga- Take stock in America. tion to repay the loan. Bergland is likely to propose that the support levels of key With higher paying us. Savings Bonds grain crops be raised, in effect raising the guaranteed price that farmers can get for those crops. Doubts: While this program is designed to protect farmers from overproduction, Helps Shrink Swelling Of many farmers are wary. President Allan Grant of the American Farm Bureau, Hemorrhoidal Tissues Due To pleads against legislation that "would return farmers to the old and discredited Inflammation. Relieves Pain And Itch program of controls and dependency on government payments for a large share of their income.' Grant fears that the gov- Gives prompt temporary relief in many cases from ernment's reserves would work more for the benefit of the ever-more-militant hemorrhoidal pain and burning itch in such tissues. consumer than for farmers. "The fact that grain reserves are known to exist has an There's an exclusive medication which while it gently relieved such pain, it actually helps shrink painful swelling also helped reduce swelling of these immediate tendency to disrupt and de- of hemorrhoidal tissues caused by in- tissues. press farm markets, he savs. flammation. And in many cases it gives The medication used in the tests was Despite the farmers' fears---and some prompt relief for hours from rectal Preparation HR. No prescription is misgivings among Carter's economic ad- itching and pain in such tissues. needed for Preparation H. In ointment visers that higher price supports will Tests by doctors on patients showed or suppository form. price American agriculture out of world 68 Newsweek, January 17. 1977 Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/srlh0227

Which company's memorandum is given here?

jpyv0228

jpyv0228_p0, jpyv0228_p1, jpyv0228_p2

Great Western United Corporation, GreatWestern United Corporation

INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM Great Western United Corporation TO: Claud Fleet DATE: 11/22/76 FROM: Jan Steen SUBJECT: Xylitol I called to the Sugar Association in Washington, D.C. for Jack 0'Connell. He is on vacation. Talked to a lady who said there had been experiments with adding phosphate to sugar to lower cavity counts and said she would send out material on that and other infomation on xylitol tomorrow. Sarah Setton FDA - now banned sachain (sp) but have sugar substitute. made from grapefurit rind - nud more info Source: :ttps://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228 Div of PR fack O' Connell (Rnand cland Sugar assoc. Hap anyone considered auplicating W ashing ton P.C. can its qualities its bt qualities in sugar ? don't need absolute just has it been considered addphosphate to sugar X - clip ant possibles 1511 K St, N.W. D.C. 20005 202-628-0189 - Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228 The Billings Gazette 8.29.76 4B New sugarless gum may be cavity fighter (C) Chicago Daily News 50 dental students chewed five sticks of xylitol-sweetened gum CHICAGO - Executives of daily while 50 other students the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co. aren't chewed sugar-sweetened gum: Xylitol Sparks Interest planning to bite off more than At the end of a year, research- they can chew with a so-called ers said, the sugar group had an Reports that the natural sweetener miracle sweetener for gum average increase of three cavi- xylitol may be an effective anti-carie that's supposed to prevent den- ties, while the xylitol group agent have sparked food industry in- tal cavities. showed an average decrease of terest in the product. Current Food Even so, the Chicago-based one cavity. and Drug Administration regulations company has introduced chew- ing gum in West Germany Xylitol, a so-called sugar al- permit the use of the sweetener in sweetened by the chemical xyli- cohol, is found in small special dietary foods. However, if amounts in many fruits and veg- xylitol is to be promoted as an anti- tol (pronounced zy-lit-tall). A Wrigley spokesman said etables. But the Finnish Sugar carie or non-carie agent, FDA ap- that if sales of the new prem- Co., which is producing it com- proval would depend on additional ium-priced gum called Orbit go mercially, is using birch trees as testing requiring several more years well in Germany, consideration raw material. For that reason, of work. 11 would be given to selling it in the Finns have dubbed it "birch this country. sugar." !'We've tried a. number of other sugar substitutes in the past that were supposed to con- tribute to dental health, but none of them ever-worked out," said the spokesman, "so we're not rushing with this one." The use of xylitol to sweeten gum and candy has been pi- oneered in Finland for the last three years. Finnish dentists at the University of Turku say their tests show the chemical not only will prevent tooth de- cay but will even "heal" incipi- ent (very small cavities. In one test at. the university, Source:https://wvww.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/jpyv0228