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For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves

For example, in an analog audio signal, the

Arecales is an order of flowering plants

Arecales is an order of flowering

The order has been widely recognised only for the past few decades; until then, the accepted name for the order including these plants was Principes

The order has been widely recognised only for the past

Taxonomy The APG IV system of 2016 places Dasypogonaceae in this order, after studies showing Dasypogonaceae as sister to Arecaceae

Taxonomy The APG IV system of 2016

Hercule Poirot (, ) is a fictional Belgian detective created by British writer Agatha Christie

Hercule Poirot (, ) is

Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-running characters, appearing in 33 novels, two plays (Black Coffee and Alibi), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975

Poirot is one of Christie's most famous

A more obvious influence on the early Poirot stories is that of Arthur Conan Doyle

A more obvious influence on the early Poirot

Miss Marple is a fictional character in Agatha Christie's crime novels and short stories

Miss Marple is a fictional character in Agatha

Jane Marple lives in the village of St

Jane Marple lives in the village of

Mary Mead and acts as an amateur consulting detective

Mary Mead and acts as an amateur consulting

History The Romans gave this month the Latin name Aprilis but the derivation of this name is uncertain

History The Romans gave this month the Latin

Jacob Grimm suggests the name of a hypothetical god or hero, Aper or Aprus

Jacob Grimm suggests the name of a hypothetical god or

April was the second month of the earliest Roman calendar, before Ianuarius and Februarius were added by King Numa Pompilius about 700 BC

April was the second month of the earliest Roman

August is the eighth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, and the fifth of seven months to have a length of 31 days

August is the eighth month of the year in the

About 700 BC, it became the eighth month when January and February were added to the year before March by King Numa Pompilius, who also gave it 29 days

About 700 BC, it became the eighth month

Julius Caesar added two days when he created the Julian calendar in 46 BC (708 AUC), giving it its modern length of 31 days

Julius Caesar added two days when he created the

According to the Abrahamic religions, Aaron ( or ; ’Ahărōn) was a prophet, high priest, and the elder brother of Moses

According to the Abrahamic religions, Aaron ( or

Knowledge of Aaron, along with his brother Moses, comes exclusively from religious texts, such as the Bible and Quran

Knowledge of Aaron, along with his brother

The Hebrew Bible relates that, unlike Moses, who grew up in the Egyptian royal court, Aaron and his elder sister Miriam remained with their kinsmen in the eastern border-land of Egypt (Goshen)

The Hebrew Bible relates that, unlike Moses, who

Events Pre–1600 46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus

Events Pre–1600 46 BC –

402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia

402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths

1250 – Seventh Crusade: Ayyubids of Egypt capture King Louis IX of France in the Battle of Fariskur

1250 – Seventh Crusade: Ayyubids

Events Pre-1600 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I

Events Pre-1600 240 –

467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire

467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the

627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to Christianity by Paulinus, bishop of York

627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted

Events Pre-1600 769 – The Lateran Council condemns the Council of Hieria and anathematizes its iconoclastic rulings

Events Pre-1600 769 –

1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard

1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession

1395 – Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde at the Battle of the Terek River

1395 – Timur defeats

Events Pre-1600 30 – After being condemned to death by the Jewish court known as the Sanhedrin, Jesus of Nazareth is crucified at Golghotha

Events Pre-1600 30 – After

311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends

311 – The Diocletianic Persecution

1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois

1315 – Enguerrand de

Events Pre-1600 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor

Events Pre-1600 392 –

851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland

851 – Battle of Jengland:

1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England

1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and

Events Pre-1600 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days

Events Pre-1600 410 – The

1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England

1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of

1557 – The Battle of St

1557 – The Battle of

In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom

In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic

The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic drinks

The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol

An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest members, includes all compounds for which the general formula is

An important class of alcohols, of which

Achill Island (; ) in County Mayo is the largest of the Irish isles, and is situated off the west coast of Ireland

Achill Island (; ) in County Mayo

It has a population of 2,594

It has a population of

Achill is attached to the mainland by Michael Davitt Bridge, between the villages of Gob an Choire (Achill Sound) and Poll Raithní (Polranny)

Achill is attached to the mainland by Michael

Irwin Allen Ginsberg (; June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet and writer

Irwin Allen Ginsberg (; June 3,

As a student at Columbia University in the 1940s, he began friendships with William S

As a student at Columbia University in the

Burroughs and Jack Kerouac, forming the core of the Beat Generation

Burroughs and Jack Kerouac, forming

In mathematics, a field is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial in (the univariate polynomial ring with coefficients in ) has a root in

In mathematics, a field is algebraically closed

The same argument proves that no subfield of the real field is algebraically closed; in particular, the field of rational numbers is not algebraically closed

The same argument proves that no subfield of the

Also, no finite field F is algebraically closed, because if a1, a2,

Also, no finite field F is algebraically

Events Pre-1600 1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean

Events Pre-1600 1284 –

1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada

1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is

1601–1900 1661 – The Treaty of The Hague is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic

1601–1900 1661 – The Treaty

Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov (; born May 23, 1951) is a Russian and former Soviet chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, ⁣and politician

Anatoly Yevgenyevich

The International Association of Chess Press awarded him nine Chess "Oscars" (1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1984)

The International Association of Chess Press awarded him nine Chess

Karpov's tournament successes include over 160 first-place finishes

Karpov's tournament successes include over 160

The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions

The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio

For example, the aspect ratio of a rectangle is the ratio of its longer side to its shorter sidethe ratio of width to height, when the rectangle is oriented as a "landscape"

For example, the aspect ratio of a rectangle is

The aspect ratio is most often expressed as two integer numbers separated by a colon (x:y), less commonly as a simple or decimal fraction

The aspect ratio is most often expressed as two integer

Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition

Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor

Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile

Auto racing has existed since the invention of the

Races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867

Races of various sorts were organised, with the

Rothbard's anarcho-capitalist society would operate under a mutually agreed-upon "legal code which would be generally accepted, and which the courts would pledge themselves to follow"

Rothbard's anarcho-capitalist society would

This legal code would recognize contracts, private property, self-ownership and tort law in keeping with the non-aggression principle

This legal code would recognize contracts, private property,

Anarcho-capitalism is distinguished from both minarchism and anarchism

Anarcho-capitalism is distinguished from both

Events Pre-1600 48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt

Events Pre-1600 48 BC –

378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths

378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople:

Valens is killed along with over half of his army

Valens is killed along with over half of his

Aristophanes (; , ; c

Aristophanes (;, ;

386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme Kydathenaion (), was a comic playwright or comedy-writer of ancient Athens and a poet of Old Attic Comedy

386 BC), son of Philippus, of the

Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually complete

Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually

Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer (; 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian-German polymath

Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer (;

He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician

He was a theologian, organist,

A Lutheran, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current at this time, as well as the traditional Christian view

A Lutheran, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view

The Austrian School originated in late-19th and early-20th-century Vienna with the work of Carl Menger, Eugen Böhm von Bawerk, Friedrich von Wieser, and others

The Austrian School originated in late-19th and

It was methodologically opposed to the younger Historical School (based in Germany), in a dispute known as Methodenstreit, or methodology struggle

It was methodologically opposed to the younger Historical School

Current-day economists working in this tradition are located in many different countries, but their work is still referred to as Austrian economics

Current-day economists working in this tradition are located

An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body

An abscess is a collection of pus that has

Signs and symptoms of abscesses include redness, pain, warmth, and swelling

Signs and symptoms of abscesses include

The swelling may feel fluid-filled when pressed

The swelling may feel fluid-filled when

Aalborg Municipality is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Region Nordjylland on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark

Aalborg Municipality is a municipality

It has a land area of 1,143

It has a land area of

99 km2, population 197,426 (2010) and belongs to Region Nordjylland ("North Jutland Region")

99 km2, population 197,426

Aarhus (, , ; officially spelled Århus from 1948 until 1 January 2011) is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality

Aarhus (,, ; officially spelled

It is located on the eastern shore of Jutland in the Kattegat sea and approximately northwest of Copenhagen

It is located on the eastern shore of

The largest city in Jutland, Aarhus anchors the Central Denmark Region and the statistical region Landsdel Østjylland (LØ) (Lit

The largest city in Jutland,

The northern cavefish or northern blindfish, Amblyopsis spelaea, is found in caves through Kentucky and southern Indiana

The northern cavefish or northern blindfish,

It is listed as a threatened species in the United States and the IUCN lists the species as near threatened

It is listed as a threatened species in the United

The southern population retained the name A

The southern population retained the name

An amateur (; ; ) is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income

An amateur (; ; ) is generally considered a

Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist

Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as

History Historically, the amateur was considered to be the ideal balance between pure intent, open mind, and the interest or passion for a subject

History Historically, the amateur was

Alexis Carrel (; 28 June 1873 – 5 November 1944) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques

Alexis Carrel (; 28 June 1873

He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A

He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles

Lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation

Lindbergh opening the way to organ

All Souls' Day is often celebrated in Western Christianity; Saturday of Souls is a related tradition more frequently observed in Eastern Christianity

All Souls' Day is often celebrated in Western

Adherents of All Souls' Day traditions often remember deceased friends and relatives in various ways on the day

Adherents of All Souls' Day traditions often

Through prayer, intercessions, alms and visits to cemeteries, people commemorate the poor souls in purgatory and gain them indulgences

Through prayer, intercessions, alms and

(; born , ; 16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924) was a French poet, journalist, and novelist with several best-sellers

(; born, ; 16 April 1844 –

Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters

Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his

France is also widely believed to be the model for narrator Marcel's literary idol Bergotte in Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time

France is also widely believed to be the model for