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[{"role": "system", "content": "Mormons are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement started by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s. After Smith's death in 1844, the movement split into several groups following different leaders; the majority followed Brigham Young, while smaller groups followed Joseph Smith III, Sidney Rigdon, and James Strang. Most of these smaller groups eventually merged into the Community of Christ, and the term Mormon typically refers to members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), as today, this branch is far larger than all the others combined. People who identify as Mormons may also be independently religious, secular, and non-practicing or belong to other denominations. Since 2018, the LDS Church has emphasized a desire for its members be referred to as \"members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\", or more simply as \"Latter-day Saints\".Mormons have developed a strong sense of community that stems from their doctrine and history. One of the central doctrinal issues that defined Mormonism in the 19th century was the practice of plural marriage, a form of religious polygamy. From 1852 until 1904, when the LDS Church banned the practice, many Mormons who had followed Brigham Young to the Utah Territory openly practiced polygamy. Mormons dedicate significant time and resources to serving in their churches. A prominent practice among young and retired members of the LDS Church is to serve a full-time proselytizing mission. Mormons have a health code that eschews alcoholic beverages, tobacco, tea, coffee, and addictive substances. They tend to be very family-oriented and have strong connections across generations and with extended family, reflecting their belief that families can be sealed together beyond death. They also have a strict law of chastity, requiring abstention from sexual relations outside heterosexual marriage and fidelity within marriage.\nMormons self-identify as Christian, but some non-Mormons consider Mormons non-Christian because some of their beliefs differ from those of Nicene Christianity. Mormons believe that Christ's church was restored through Joseph Smith and is guided by living prophets and apostles. Mormons believe in the Bible and other books of scripture, such as the Book of Mormon. They have a unique view of cosmology and believe that all people are literal spirit children of God. Mormons believe that returning to God requires following the example of Jesus Christ and accepting his atonement through repentance and ordinances such as baptism.\nDuring the 19th century, Mormon converts tended to gather in a central geographic location, a trend that reversed somewhat in the 1920s and 1930s. The center of Mormon cultural influence is in Utah, and North America has more Mormons than any other continent, although about 60% of Mormons live outside the United States. As of December 31, 2021, the LDS Church reported a membership of 16,805,400.\n\nMormon pornography is a subgenre of pornography themed around the Mormon religion. According to the journalist Isha Aran, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) views Mormon pornography as blasphemous, and most directors and performers in Mormon pornography are ex-Mormons. Mormon pornography typically depicts sex acts between actors and/or actresses portraying members of the LDS Church. Mormon elders are depicted as domineering over their multiple wives, who obediently submit to their husband's commands, treating participation in the act as a sacred duty. Performers may be (initially) dressed in temple garments, and the setting may be the inside of a Mormon temple. In accordance with stereotyped Mormon norms, profane language is absent.Aran writes that the genre originated in 2010 with the launch of the gay pornography site MormonBoyz.com. Website founder Legrand Wolf claims to be an ex-Mormon with a doctoral degree from Brigham Young University. The site MormonGirlz.com, launched in 2014, by a woman known in the industry as Brooke Hunter, a 33-year-old ex-Mormon, features both heterosexual and lesbian relationships between Mormon characters.Wolf's pornography has been rejected by Utah's Pride organization, with its executive director, the former leader of Utah's branch of the American Civil Liberties Union, stating, \"LeGrand Wolf isn't a person. That disturbs me, that we don't know who these people are and where they come from.\""}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mormon pornography is a subgenre of pornography themed around the Mormon religion. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints views Mormon pornography as blasphemous, and most directors and performers in Mormon pornography are ex-Mormons.\n\n[Mormon pornography - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon_pornography)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">Mormon pornography typically depicts sex acts between actors and/or actresses portraying members of the LDS Church. Mormon elders are depicted as domineering over their multiple wives, who obediently submit to their husband's commands, treating participation in the act as a sacred duty. Performers may be (initially) dressed in Mormon underwear, and the setting may be the inside of a Mormon temple. In accordance with stereotyped Mormon norms, profane language is absent."}]

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# 2001, Wikipedia Began\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Incredible how much it's influenced our world.\n\nFun fact: The word \"Wiki\", which is ingrained in our culture now, was not even part of our lexicon until 1995 when it was used by programmer Ward Cunningham when he created a software called WikiWikiWeb. Wiki is Hawaiian for to hurry; fast, quick.", "name": "Juan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I was gonna say, it was part of the lexicon in Hawaii. The little transit buses at the airport have been called Wiki Wiki buses for as long as I can remember.", "name": "Kaleb"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "On December 14, 1993, four employees were shot and killed and a fifth employee was seriously injured at a Chuck E. Cheese's restaurant in Aurora, Colorado, United States. The perpetrator, 19-year-old Nathan Dunlap, a former employee of the restaurant, was frustrated about being fired five months prior to the shooting and sought revenge by committing the attack. He fled the scene of the shooting with stolen money and restaurant items. At the time, The Chuck E. Cheese Massacre was the deadliest mass shooting in Colorado, being surpassed 6 years later by the Columbine High School massacre.\nDunlap was found guilty of four counts of first-degree murder, attempted murder, and other charges, and was sentenced to death by lethal injection on May 17, 1996. A judge initially set an execution date for him in August 2013, but Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper signed a temporary reprieve that postponed Dunlap's execution date.\nDunlap's death sentence was commuted to life in prison without parole in 2020 after Colorado abolished the death penalty."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Disgruntled man kills four of his former employees at a Chuck E. Cheese in Aurora, Colorado because he was fired. (1993)\n\n[1993 Aurora, Colorado shooting - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Aurora,_Colorado_shooting)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I had my 6th birthday at this location literally the week before. The girl that was killed was my party host. I dont remember much about it but my parents were extremely upset. Such a senseless act. I hear hes still filing appeals.", "name": "Bianca"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Really wild the connection you have to this story."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Honestly, I hadnt thought about it much but Ive been loosely connected to a lot of the violence in Colorado. My moms best friends son was in (not killed) Columbine and we went and were involved in the memorials there. I also lived a few blocks away from the Aurora mall and movie theater when that piece of shit shoot up the theater. We heard sirens all through the night and knew it was bad. I had actually just deleted my Facebook page a few days before that shooting, just feeling done with Facebook, and I had dropped my phone in cherry creek the day before so I had no phone. I woke up to a ridiculous amount of emails and voicemails from family members who knew I lived close and panicked when my phone went straight to voicemail and my Facebook page was gone. My husband and I went to that theater on date nights, though we havent been since. Im also old high school friends with Alex Sullivans cousin and It hits differently when you see first hand the devastation caused, like how it absolutely tore up Alexs family. Colorado is full of loving hippy types, stoners and mountain bikers. There really isnt much gang activity or radical groups. Its really crazy that weve seen the violence that weve seen here the past twenty years and I guess I have seen a lot of it up close. I just hope this is as close as it gets for me.", "name": "Maya"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Pride (プライド 運命の瞬間;, Puraido: Unmei no Shunkan), also known as Pride: The Fateful Moment, is a 1998 Japanese historical drama directed by Shunya Itō. The film, based on the International Military Tribunal for the Far East of 1946–48, depicts Japanese prime minister Hideki Tojo (played by Masahiko Tsugawa) as a family man who fought to defend Japan and Asia from Western colonialism but was ultimately hanged by a vengeful United States. Shot at a cost of ¥1.5 billion and partially funded by a right-wing businessman, Pride was one of the highest-grossing Japanese films of 1998 and was nominated for two Japan Academy Prizes. Although the filmmakers intended the film to open dialogue on Japanese history, it was controversial in China, South Korea, and Japan owing to concerns of historical denialism."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Pride is a 1998 Japanese historical drama depicting WWII Japanese prime minister and convicted war criminal Hideki Tojo as a family man who defended Japan and Asia from Western colonialism but was ultimately hanged by a vengeful United States. It was one of the most popular Japanese films of 1998.\n\n[Pride (1998 film) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pride_(1998_film))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wiki on the actual war criminal: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hideki_Tojo?wprov=sfti1", "name": "Jorge"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ever watch Fog of War? Won Best Documentary in 2004.Among other things, dude mentions that the USA better win or else they'd be charged as war criminals- especially how they treated Japan at the end.\n\nIt is absolutely one of my all time favourite films! Has a 98% on rotten tomatoes \n[https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xw68h9](https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xw68h9)\n\nSpecifically, the fire bombing on civilian cities before the atomic bombs were dropped: \n\"**Lesson #5: Proportionality should be a guideline in war.**\n\nMcNamara talks about the proportions of cities destroyed in Japan by the US. McNamara compares destroyed cities of Japan to cities in the US before the dropping of the nuclear bomb. [Tokyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo), roughly the size of [New York City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City), was 51% destroyed; [Toyama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyama,_Toyama), the size of [Chattanooga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee), 99% destroyed; [Nagoya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagoya), the size of [Los Angeles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles), 40% destroyed; [Osaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka), the size of [Chicago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago), 35% destroyed; [Kobe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe), the size of [Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore), 55% destroyed. Then, McNamara compares the proportionality of the war on Japan to being immoral.\"", "name": "Alyssa"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Does anyone know or think that Eddie Murphy voiced Destiny from Pucca? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.68.0.226 (talk) 11:48, 27 March 2021 (UTC) \n\nA discussion is taking place to address the redirect Eddie Murphy Television. The discussion will occur at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 September 23#Eddie Murphy Television until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Notfrompedro (talk) 00:17, 23 September 2021 (UTC)\n\nPlease Change the word transsexual to transgender. Transsexual is outdated and used perjoratively. 71.34.18.104 (talk) 06:21, 31 December 2022 (UTC)\n\n Done Lemonaka (talk) 08:38, 31 December 2022 (UTC)\nIt should be noted that the primary use of transsexual is not pejorative, it's important to avoid those apocryphal narratives, but if the community prefers transgender then that is a good change to be made. YouCanDoBetter (talk) 09:15, 31 December 2022 (UTC)\nThe the motion picture The Distinguished Gentleman was released in 1992 its not on the filmography for Eddie Murphy 2601:147:C301:4380:919E:1EAF:A02E:1E66 (talk) 00:10, 23 August 2023 (UTC)\n\nso, do you think you can help me to geta job as asa musician in Mcdonalds and not be aprince from Zamona?\nIm Nagisa Ghaffari and they stole my Ramirez guitar. I am not aprincess. 93.240.169.37 (talk) 18:11, 29 January 2024 (UTC)\n\n\"gut\"\n-sagte Andreas Sennheiser 93.240.169.37 (talk) 18:12, 29 January 2024 (UTC)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Someone has been regularly deleting Eddie Murphy's arrest (for picking up a transvestite prostitute) off his Wikipedia page since at least 2007\n\n[Talk:Eddie Murphy - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Eddie_Murphy#Arrest.3F)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "\"It has been added and removed many times, unfortunately having admin trumps rules on wikipedia, and somebody close to Murphy has obtained admin.\""}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "if they were worried about his reputation, they'd delete mentions of his \"music career\" too", "name": "Ayden"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "The Wonders of the East (or The Marvels of the East) is an Old English prose text, probably written around AD 1000. It is accompanied by many illustrations and appears also in two other manuscripts, in both Latin and Old English. It describes a variety of odd, magical and barbaric creatures that inhabit Eastern regions, such as Babylonia, Persia, Egypt, and India. The Wonders can be found in three extant manuscripts from the 11th and 12th centuries, the earliest of these being the famous Nowell Codex, which is also the only manuscript containing Beowulf. The Old English text was originally translated from a Latin text now referred to as De rebus in Oriente mirabilibus, and remains mostly faithful to the Latin original."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Wonders of the East manuscript that was found along with Beowulf in the Nowell Codex tells of dragons blocking roads, cannibals and stealing gold from giant ants.\n\n[Wonders of the East - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonders_of_the_East)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Sounds like a grand time.", "name": "Natalia"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They *did* use mushrooms", "name": "Karina"}]

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Kurt Gdel, an Austrian-American logician and mathematician, developed an obsessive fear of being poisoned after the assassination of a friend. He refused to eat food prepared by anyone but his wife. When she became ill and was hospitalized, he starved. He weighed 29 kilograms (65 lb) when he died.\n\n[Kurt Gödel - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Couldn't just fix himself a sandwich? Some cold cereal maybe?", "name": "Rachel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Tesla had a weird food thing too. Wouldnt eat until after he calculated the cubic volume of his food. Got worse towards the end of his life and he thought he could sustain himself off of high voltage shocks. Also died of anorexia.", "name": "Liliana"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "During the early stages of the Iraq War, members of the United States Army and the Central Intelligence Agency committed a series of human rights violations and war crimes against detainees in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, including physical abuse, sexual humiliation, physical and psychological torture, and rape, as well the killing of Manadel al-Jamadi and the desecration of his body. The abuses came to public attention with the publication of photographs of the abuse by CBS News in April 2004. The incidents caused shock and outrage, receiving widespread condemnation within the United States and internationally.The George W. Bush administration said that the abuses at Abu Ghraib were isolated incidents and not indicative of U.S. policy.: 328  This was disputed by humanitarian organizations including the Red Cross, Amnesty International, and Human Rights Watch; these organizations stated that the abuses at Abu Ghraib were part of a wider pattern of torture and brutal treatment at American overseas detention centers, including those in Iraq, in Afghanistan, and at Guantanamo Bay: 328  (GTMO). There were also 36 prisoners killed at Abu Ghraib due to insurgent mortar attacks. This also provoked criticism due to the facility's location in a combat zone.Documents popularly known as the Torture Memos came to light a few years later. These documents, prepared in the months leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States Department of Justice, authorized certain \"enhanced interrogation techniques\" (generally held to involve torture) of foreign detainees. The memoranda also argued that international humanitarian laws, such as the Geneva Conventions, did not apply to American interrogators overseas. Several subsequent U.S. Supreme Court decisions, including Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006), have overturned Bush administration policy, ruling that the Geneva Conventions do apply.\nIn response to the events at Abu Ghraib, the United States Department of Defense removed 17 soldiers and officers from duty. Eleven soldiers were charged with dereliction of duty, maltreatment, aggravated assault and battery. Between May 2004 and April 2006, these soldiers were court-martialed, convicted, sentenced to military prison, and dishonorably discharged from service. Two soldiers, found to have perpetrated many of the worst offenses at the prison, Specialist Charles Graner and PFC Lynndie England, were subject to more severe charges and received harsher sentences. Graner was convicted of assault, battery, conspiracy, maltreatment of detainees, committing indecent acts and dereliction of duty; he was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment and loss of rank, pay and benefits. England was convicted of conspiracy, maltreating detainees and committing an indecent act and sentenced to three years in prison. Brigadier General Janis Karpinski, the commanding officer of all detention facilities in Iraq, was reprimanded and demoted to the rank of colonel. Several more military personnel who were accused of perpetrating or authorizing the measures, including many of higher rank, were not prosecuted. In 2004, President George W. Bush and Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld apologized for the Abu Ghraib abuses."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# This happened 16-17 years ago\n\n[Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ghraib_torture_and_prisoner_abuse)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Imo a big reason millennials and gen z tend to have a negative view towards America is because we grew up not only seeing / hearing these atrocities committed by the US government, but we would then watch people defend these war crimes as patriotic.", "name": "Tanner"}, {"role": "user", "content": "you see or hear about these kind of things and you think oh theyre uncivilized, they just dont know any better but then you realize its your own country doing it, and it didnt happen too long ago... you just stop making excuses at some point and you start seeing everything for what it is", "name": "Katherine"}]

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Chapel of Russia's Resurrection is an all-female religious sect that views Vladimir Putin as the reincarnation of Paul the Apostle, sent to Russia to prepare its people for the Second Coming of Christ. At services, worshippers sing the children's song \"May There Always Be Sunshine.\"\n\n[Chapel of Russia's Resurrection - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel_of_Russia%27s_Resurrection?repost)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And I thought religion was messed up in America...", "name": "Savannah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Don't worry it is. Have you seen the bumper stickers and posters where they do the same thing for Trump? Although haven't seen a full on church yet, I can't say I would be that surprised at this point!", "name": "Marco"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "The Buckwheat Boyz were an American novelty group. The Buckwheat Boyz were signed by Koch Records, and recorded their first and only full-length record.\nThe 2001 single \"Peanut Butter & Jelly\", produced by Chip-Man, from this self-titled debut album became a popular internet meme after a Flash-animated music video featuring a dancing banana garnered attention online. The popularity of the song increased as it was featured on television series such as The Proud Family and Family Guy, and fellow Flash-animated series including Super Mario Bros. Z."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# One of the men behind Peanut Butter Jelly Time was killed following an 11 hour police standoff\n\n[Buckwheat Boyz - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckwheat_Boyz)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And he was Snoop Dogg's brother-in-law wtf", "name": "Katelyn"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This entire post: /r/tilWTF", "name": "Josiah"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Robert Joseph White (January 21, 1926 – September 16, 2010) was an American neurosurgeon best known for his head transplants on living monkeys."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Robert Joseph White (January 21, 1926 September 16, 2010) was an American neurosurgeon best known for his head transplants on living monkeys.\n\n[Robert J. White - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._White)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I first learned about this man when he was a guest on Oprah. They showed footage of one of his transplants. I found it horrifying. I'm sure I'll get down-voted because reddit tends to place science above all else but I thought his experiments were cruel and depressing.", "name": "Martin"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yeah but they gave immunity *before* they knew what the research was. Turns out, none of it was really useful. They didnt conduct the experiments under any actual scientific conditions. The results were completely useless.", "name": "Ryan"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Jeffrey Russell \"Jeff\" Hall was a plumber in Riverside, California, and the regional leader of the National Socialist Movement (Nazi Party). On May 1, 2011, he was shot to death with his own gun by his 10-year-old son Joseph. The murder took place at 4 a.m. as Hall slept on his couch.Hall was a neo-Nazi who believed in fighting for an all-white society and had said that he would die for the cause.According to the boy, the motive for the murder was that he was tired of his father hitting him and his stepmother.On September 25, 2011, the story of the murder was broadcast on 60 Minutes. In 2013, when Joseph was 13, he was sentenced to 10 years in a California juvenile facility."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# On May 11, 2011, ten year old Joseph Hall fatally shot his neo-Nazi father as he slept. He cited abuse of himself and his mother as the reason. Joseph was sentenced to juvenile detention until he is 23.\n\n[Murder of Jeff Hall - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Jeff_Hall)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\\>The district attorney portrayed Jeff Hall as a \"loving father\"\n\nthat's a pretty bold move considering he was a nazi and his entire family agreed he was violently abusive", "name": "Alexandria"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Funny thing how the law works. Justice is supposed to be blind.. not stupid. \n\nBet the DA was up for reelection soon after this.", "name": "Kaitlyn"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French emperor and military commander who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. He was the leader of the French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then of the French Empire as Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and briefly again in 1815. His political and cultural legacy endures as a celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many enduring reforms, but has been criticized for his authoritarian rule. He is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history and his wars and campaigns are still studied at military schools worldwide. However, historians still debate the degree to which he was responsible for the Napoleonic Wars, in which between three and six million people died.Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica into a family descended from Italian nobility. He was resentful of the French monarchy, and supported the French Revolution in 1789 while serving in the French army, trying to spread its ideals to his native Corsica. He rose rapidly in the ranks after saving the governing French Directory by firing on royalist insurgents. In 1796, he began a military campaign against the Austrians and their Italian allies, scoring decisive victories, and became a national hero. Two years later he led a military expedition to Egypt that served as a springboard to political power. He engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. In 1804, to consolidate and expand his power, he crowned himself Emperor of the French.\nDifferences with the United Kingdom meant France faced the War of the Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with victories in the Ulm campaign and at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1806, the Fourth Coalition took up arms against him. Napoleon defeated Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, marched the Grande Armée into Eastern Europe, and defeated the Russians in June 1807 at Friedland, forcing the defeated nations of the Fourth Coalition to accept the Treaties of Tilsit. Two years later, the Austrians challenged the French again during the War of the Fifth Coalition, but Napoleon solidified his grip over Europe after triumphing at the Battle of Wagram.\nHoping to extend the Continental System, his embargo against Britain, Napoleon invaded the Iberian Peninsula and declared his brother Joseph the King of Spain in 1808. The Spanish and the Portuguese revolted in the Peninsular War aided by a British army, culminating in defeat for Napoleon's marshals. Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic retreat of Napoleon's Grande Armée. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France, resulting in a large coalition army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig. The coalition invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba, between Corsica and Italy. In France, the Bourbons were restored to power.\nNapoleon escaped in February 1815 and took control of France. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the Atlantic, where he died in 1821 at the age of 51.\nNapoleon had a lasting impact on the world, bringing modernizing reforms to France and Western Europe and stimulating the development of nation states. He also sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States in 1803, doubling the latter's size. However, his mixed record on civil rights and exploitation of conquered territories adversely affect his reputation."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Napoleon's penis was allegedly amputated during an autopsy shortly after his death in 1821. Since then it has passed through several owners. It was described as similar to a \"piece of leather or a shriveled eel\".\n\n[Napoleon's penis - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon%27s_penis)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "LOL: \"shortly\"", "name": "Nicholas"}]

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Russia says it will fine Wikipedia for not deleting some details about the war : NPR\n\n[Russia says it will fine Wikipedia for not deleting some details about the war : NPR](https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "But, would Wikipedia really actually need to pay that fine? Like, Russia has huge economic sanctions against it right now, I don't think they would need to pay out."}, {"role": "user", "content": "If Wikipedia doesn't pay the fine (and I don't think they will) it provides a justification for banning it.", "name": "Gage"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Which, to be clear, isn't a reason to comply. It's just the fig leaf they can use to justify a ban.", "name": "Javier"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Walter Collins was a nine-year-old boy who went missing in 1928. The state of California concluded that Collins had been murdered by Gordon Stewart Northcott as part of the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# In 1928 when the LAPD couldnt find a missing child, publicly reunited the mother with some random kid to save face, and then institutionalized the mother when she tried to tell people it wasnt her son rather than admit their mistake\n\n[Disappearance of Walter Collins - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Collins)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "as the other comment said, theres a great movie with angelina jolie about this called changeling", "name": "Hunter"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Not to be confused by the 1980 George C Scott movie The Changeling, which is about something completely different.", "name": "Peter"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Joshua Earl Patrick Phillips (born March 17, 1984) is an American who was convicted of murder as a child. In November 1998, when he was 14 years old, Phillips killed Maddie Clifton, his 8-year-old friend and neighbor. The following year, he was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. Phillips stated that he killed Clifton to stop her from crying after she was accidentally struck with a baseball while they were playing, and that he feared punishment from his abusive father. Although elements of Phillips's story are disputed, officials who were involved in his prosecution have subsequently expressed contrition over the severity of his sentence. In 2017, Phillips was re-sentenced to life in prison on appeal, but he has been eligible for re-sentencing as of 2023."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The murder of 8 year old Maddie Clifton by 14 year old Josh Phillips: \"Phillips' mother Melissa went to clean his room and found that his waterbed seemed to be leaking. Upon further examination, she discovered Maddie's body hidden inside the base of the waterbed.\"\n\n[Josh Phillips (murderer) - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Phillips_(murderer))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The motive was to end her crying? Nah man, thats a full on psychopath. Strangling her with a phone cord for 15 minutes? Then fucking stabbing her *ELEVEN* times? Adrenaline makes you do crazy things but what in the actual fuck.\n\nEdit: the people defending him I feel like you havent read into it. Sure he was a kid when he did it. Remember he didnt club her in the head one time to make her stop crying. No, he dragged her into the house, strangled her for FIFTEEN minutes. In that time I think a normal kid wouldve been at least remorseful or maybe his conscious wouldve kicked in or something with the noises the girl wouldve made, or from the look in her eyes. And not to mention the fact that this guy slept with her little body underneath his bed for a week. You seriously wouldnt tell me it doesnt sit right with you people?"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He was a KID, not man. 14 year olds brains are still very much developing. Fear will make people do things they wouldnt normally do in their right state of mind, especially children.", "name": "Edward"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I was scared as a 14-year old. Never once thought to choke and stab someone to death", "name": "Grace"}]

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Peto's paradox is an observation that the incidence of cancer does not appear to correlate with the number of cells in an organism. For example, the incidence of cancer in humans is much higher than the incidence of cancer in whales, despite whales having more cells than humans.\n\n[Peto's paradox - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peto%27s_paradox)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Whales also basically live in nature's radiation shield.", "name": "Charlotte"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yeah but they smoke and drink a lot so Im sure that doesnt help them", "name": "Dylan"}]

14u82d7

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Ganesha811

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[{"role": "system", "content": "Wikipedia is a free-content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the use of the wiki-based editing system MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history. It is consistently ranked as one of the ten most popular websites in the world, and as of 2024 is ranked the fifth most visited website on the Internet by Semrush. Founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American nonprofit organization that employs a staff of over 700 people. Unfortunately, much of the info found on wikipedia is wrong, because the small-minded nerds who run it don't allow CORRECT info to be added to THEIR pages. They jealously guard their little pieces of territory from anyone who would DARE to enter CORRECT info. This is why wikipedia is viewed as an unreliable source of info by people all over the world.\nInitially only available in English, editions in other languages have been developed. Wikipedia's editions, when combined, comprise more than 62 million articles, attracting around 2 billion unique device visits per month and more than 14 million edits per month (about 5.2 edits per second on average) as of November 2023. Roughly 26% of Wikipedia's traffic is from the United States, followed by Japan at 5.9%, the United Kingdom at 5.4%, Germany at 5%, Russia at 4.8%, and the remaining 54% split among other countries, according to data provided by Similarweb.Wikipedia has been praised for its enablement of the democratization of knowledge, extent of coverage, unique structure, and culture. It has been criticized for exhibiting systemic bias, particularly gender bias against women and geographical bias against the Global South (Eurocentrism). While the reliability of Wikipedia was frequently criticized in the 2000s, it has improved over time, receiving greater praise in the late 2010s and early 2020s, having become an important fact-checking site.Wikipedia has been censored by some national governments, ranging from specific pages to the entire site. Articles on breaking news are often accessed as sources for frequently updated information about those events."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The full list of officially-designated \"contentious topics\" on Wikipedia\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Never heard of Liancourt rocks - it's two rocks between Japan and Korea. Apparently 34 people live on it?", "name": "Stephanie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> between Japan and Korea\n\n\nThat's the problem man", "name": "Emily"}]

azi6at

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Shpyge

ei88r0o

[{"role": "system", "content": "Mount Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā; Standard Tibetan: ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ, romanized: Chomolungma; Chinese: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities.Mount Everest attracts many climbers, including highly experienced mountaineers. There are two main climbing routes, one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as the \"standard route\") and the other from the north in Tibet. While not posing substantial technical climbing challenges on the standard route, Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather, and wind, as well as hazards from avalanches and the Khumbu Icefall. As of November 2022, 310 people have died on Everest. Over 200 bodies remain on the mountain and have not been removed due to the dangerous conditions.The first recorded efforts to reach Everest's summit were made by British mountaineers. As Nepal did not allow foreigners to enter the country at the time, the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side. After the first reconnaissance expedition by the British in 1921 reached 7,000 m (22,970 ft) on the North Col, the 1922 expedition pushed the north ridge route up to 8,320 m (27,300 ft), marking the first time a human had climbed above 8,000 m (26,247 ft). The 1924 expedition resulted in one of the greatest mysteries on Everest to this day: George Mallory and Andrew Irvine made a final summit attempt on 8 June but never returned, sparking debate as to whether they were the first to reach the top. Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first documented ascent of Everest in 1953, using the southeast ridge route. Norgay had reached 8,595 m (28,199 ft) the previous year as a member of the 1952 Swiss expedition. The Chinese mountaineering team of Wang Fuzhou, Gonpo, and Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960.\n\nOver 330 people have died attempting to reach—or return from—the summit of Mount Everest which, at 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in), is Earth's highest mountain and a particularly desirable peak for mountaineers. This makes it the mountain with the most deaths, although it does not have the highest death rate. The most recent years without known deaths on the mountain are 1977, in which only two people reached the summit, and 2020, when permits were suspended by Nepal because of the COVID-19 pandemic.Deaths have been attributed to avalanches, falls, serac collapse, exposure, frostbite, or health problems related to conditions on the mountain. Not all bodies have been located, so details on those deaths are not available.\nThe upper reaches of the mountain are in the death zone, a mountaineering term for altitudes above a certain point – around 8,000 m (26,000 ft), or less than 356 millibars (5.16 psi) of atmospheric pressure – where the oxygen pressure level is not sufficient to sustain human life. Many deaths in high-altitude mountaineering have been caused by the effects of the death zone, either directly (loss of vital functions) or indirectly (unwise decisions made under stress or physical weakening leading to accidents). In the death zone, the human body cannot acclimatize, as it uses oxygen faster than it can be replenished. An extended stay in the zone without supplementary oxygen will result in deterioration of bodily functions, loss of consciousness, and death."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# I dont't know if this has been posted but i found this list about people who have died in Mount Everest. It also gives details about what happened and which height the person was when they died. Gives shivers reading thru!\n\n[List of people who died climbing Mount Everest - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_climbing_Mount_Everest)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I read a story years ago about someone that just sat down and that was their ending. People just walked by. Its sad. ", "name": "Blake"}, {"role": "user", "content": "That's because it's almost always a death sentence to stop and help someone at this altitude. It's harsh, but people know that when they start climbing.", "name": "Ivan"}]

g8uh1f

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DudeAbides101

foq5f4r

[{"role": "system", "content": "Henry (Portuguese: Henrique [ẽˈʁikɨ]; 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580), dubbed the Chaste (Portuguese: o Casto) and the Cardinal-King (Portuguese: o Cardeal-Rei), was king of Portugal and an inquisitor and cardinal of the Catholic Church, who ruled Portugal between 1578 and 1580. As a clergyman, he was bound to celibacy, and as such, had no children to succeed him, and thus put an end to the reigning House of Aviz. His death led to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and ultimately to the 60-year Iberian Union that saw Portugal share a monarch with Habsburg Spain. The next independent monarch of Portugal would be John IV, who restored the throne after 60 years of Spanish rule."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The \"Cardinal King\" Henry the Chaste of Portugal never expected the throne, as he was an elderly man vowed to celibacy, doomed without successors. He attempted to resign the clergy to produce an heir, but Spain pressured the pope to deny him. When Henry died, Spain annexed Portugal for 60 years\n\n[Henry, King of Portugal - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry,_King_of_Portugal)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Not *annexed* but formed a *dynastic union*", "name": "Emily"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I'd contend it was \\*effectively\\* an annexation, as Spain was clearly the coercive/dominant party that administered control, even if it was a semantically \"even split\"... so while you're more specifically correct, I don't see the two as mutually exclusive in this instance"}]

jflsc

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washer

c2bq89y

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# A pile of bison skulls, 1870s. A big pile.\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How many of you know the actual context behind this picture? It's one they certainly don't teach you in school. The U.S. Army promoted the wholesale extermination of bison herds in order to defeat the Native Americans, as bison were their main food supply. The U.S. government actually paid a bounty for each bison skull recovered. A section of the Royal Museum of Alberta in Canada has a small section dedicated to this, with this very picture.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_bison#19th_century_bison_hunts\n", "name": "Jalen"}, {"role": "user", "content": "We learned about the buffalo slaughter in elementary school.", "name": "Ella"}]

ey4a2

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PhnomPencil

c1bukyh

[{"role": "system", "content": "The East African Federation (Swahili: Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki) is a proposed political union of the eight sovereign states of the East African Community in the African Great Lakes region – Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Somalia and Uganda – as a single federated sovereign state. The idea of this federation has existed since the early 1960s but has not yet come to fruition for several reasons. In September 2018, a committee was formed to begin the process of drafting a regional constitution, and a draft constitution for the confederation was set to be written by the end of 2021 with its implementation by 2023. However, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted plans to draft and implement a constitution. On 20 March 2023, the EAC announced that the drafting process would resume in May of that year in Kenya.The East African Federation has not yet been established, but many steps have been taken to advance this eventual goal. Institutions and governing bodies already exist for the eventual union of these nations, with representatives from all of the related nations working together towards this common goal."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Five countries are merging into one... what? This isn't news?\n\n[East African Federation - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_African_Federation)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It will be news if it happens.", "name": "Brittany"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Not if it happens in Africa. Not condoning this, just pointing it out. The bloodiest war since WWII has been going on in Congo and most people have never heard a thing about it."}, {"role": "user", "content": "That war effectively ended years ago. Anything going on now is just massive mismanagement, which sadly isn't news in Africa.\n\nI remember the war got significant coverage ~ten years ago. ", "name": "Carson"}]

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[{"role": "system", "content": "In Greek mythology, Procrustes (; Greek: Προκρούστης Prokroustes, \"the stretcher [who hammers out the metal]\"), also known as Prokoptas, Damastes (Δαμαστής, \"subduer\") or Polypemon, was a rogue smith and bandit from Attica who attacked people by stretching them or cutting off their legs, so as to force them to fit the size of an iron bed.\nThe word Procrustean is thus used by analogy to describe, for example, situations where an arbitrary standard is used to measure success, while completely disregarding obvious harm that results from the effort."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# In Greek mythology, Procrustes was a rogue smith who attacked people by stretching them or cutting off their legs so they would fit an iron bed. The word \"Procrustean\" describes situations where different properties are fitted to an arbitrary standard.\n\n[Procrustes - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procrustes)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Eyyy, read that in a Percy Jackson book. Big-brain mythology boy here"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Crustys Water Bed Palace! \n\nPercy Jackson really does a great job of introducing mythology in a way that is very memorable. I remember the characters and stories much better than when I read about them on Wikipedia.", "name": "Angela"}]

lnio13

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Snozed

go1feff

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Holocene () is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago. It follows the Last Glacial Period, which concluded with the Holocene glacial retreat. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene together form the Quaternary period. The Holocene is an interglacial period within the ongoing glacial cycles of the Quaternary, and is equivalent to Marine Isotope Stage 1.\nThe Holocene corresponds with the rapid proliferation, growth, and impacts of the human species worldwide, including all of its written history, technological revolutions, development of major civilizations, and overall significant transition towards urban living in the present. The human impact on modern-era Earth and its ecosystems may be considered of global significance for the future evolution of living species, including approximately synchronous lithospheric evidence, or more recently hydrospheric and atmospheric evidence of the human impact. In July 2018, the International Union of Geological Sciences split the Holocene Epoch into three distinct ages based on the climate, Greenlandian (11,700 years ago to 8,200 years ago), Northgrippian (8,200 years ago to 4,200 years ago) and Meghalayan (4,200 years ago to the present), as proposed by International Commission on Stratigraphy. The oldest age, the Greenlandian, was characterized by a warming following the preceding ice age. The Northgrippian Age is known for vast cooling due to a disruption in ocean circulations that was caused by the melting of glaciers. The most recent age of the Holocene is the present Meghalayan, which began with extreme drought that lasted around 200 years.\n\nThe Holocene extinction, or Anthropocene extinction, is the ongoing extinction event caused by humans during the Holocene epoch. These extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates, and affecting not just terrestrial species but also large sectors of marine life. With widespread degradation of biodiversity hotspots, such as coral reefs and rainforests, as well as other areas, the vast majority of these extinctions are thought to be undocumented, as the species are undiscovered at the time of their extinction, which goes unrecorded. The current rate of extinction of species is estimated at 100 to 1,000 times higher than natural background extinction rates and is increasing. During the past 100–200 years, biodiversity loss and species extinction have accelerated, to the point that most conservation biologists now believe that human activity has either produced a period of mass extinction, or is on the cusp of doing so. As such, after the \"Big Five\" mass extinctions, the Holocene extinction event has also been referred to as the sixth mass extinction or sixth extinction; given the recent recognition of the Capitanian mass extinction, the term seventh mass extinction has also been proposed for the Holocene extinction event.The Holocene extinction follows the extinction of many large (megafaunal) animals during the preceding Late Pleistocene. Some of these extinctions were likely in part due to human hunting pressure. The most popular theory is that human overhunting of species added to existing stress conditions as the Holocene extinction coincides with human colonization of many new areas around the world. Although there is debate regarding how much human predation and habitat loss affected their decline, certain population declines have been directly correlated with the onset of human activity, such as the extinction events of New Zealand, Madagascar, and Hawaii. Aside from humans, climate change may have been a driving factor in the megafaunal extinctions, especially at the end of the Pleistocene.\nOver the course of the Late Holocene, there were hundreds of extinctions of birds on islands across the Pacific, driven by human settlement of the previously uninhabited islands, with extinctions peaking around 1300 AD. Roughly 12% of avian species have been driven to extinction by human activity over the last 126,000 years, which is double previous estimates.In the twentieth century, human numbers quadrupled, and the size of the global economy increased twenty-five-fold. This Great Acceleration or Anthropocene epoch has also accelerated species extinction. Ecologically, humanity is now an unprecedented \"global superpredator\", which consistently preys on the adults of other apex predators, takes over other species' essential habitats and displaces them, and has worldwide effects on food webs. There are many famous examples of extinctions within Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, North and South America, and on smaller islands.\nOverall, the Holocene extinction can be linked to the human impact on the environment. The Holocene extinction continues into the 21st century, with human population growth, increasing per capita consumption (especially by the super-affluent), and meat production and consumption, among others, being the primary drivers of mass extinction. Deforestation, overfishing, ocean acidification, the destruction of wetlands, and the decline in amphibian populations, among others, are a few broader examples of global biodiversity loss."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Holocene extinction is an ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch as a result of human activity.\n\n[Holocene extinction - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene_extinction)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I was reading about [extinction events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_event) caused primarily by asteroid impacts when I realized we are living in an extinction event right now.\n\nAnd unlike all the previous extinction events, this is something that is possible to stop."}, {"role": "user", "content": "And yet, we won't. Now to go roll coal and eat my third steak of the day.", "name": "Collin"}]

ryjlvf

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kansashotwings

hrpp426

[{"role": "system", "content": "Mark James Robert Essex (August 12, 1949 – January 7, 1973) was an American serial sniper and black nationalist known as the \"New Orleans Sniper\" who killed a total of nine people, including five police officers, and wounded twelve others, in two separate attacks in New Orleans on December 31, 1972, and January 7, 1973. Essex was killed by police in the second armed confrontation.Essex is believed to have specifically sought to kill white people and police officers due to racism he had previously experienced while enlisted in the Navy. His increasingly extremist anti-police, black supremacist, and anti-white views are believed to have solidified following a November 1972 violent clash between Baton Rouge sheriff's deputies and student civil rights demonstrators, during which two young black demonstrators were shot and killed."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mark Essex was an American serial sniper and black nationalist known as the \"New Orleans Sniper\" who killed a total of nine people, including five policemen, and wounded twelve others in two separate attacks in New Orleans on December 31, 1972 and January 7, 1973.\n\n[Mark Essex - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Essex)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I just read this same page a few hours ago. Are you living in my walls?"}, {"role": "user", "content": "they might not be but i am. please restock the peanut butter", "name": "Alejandro"}]

kxmfme

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Cutiesf

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[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Happy 20th birthday to Wikipedia \n\n[Reddit - Dive into anything](https://v.redd.it/5hdqar0w5fb61)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What the fuck is that music", "name": "Brittany"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "It's a background music of a Tamil film lol"}]

hs3jf0

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Pupikal

fy8r0jb

[{"role": "system", "content": "Mithridatism is the practice of protecting oneself against a poison by gradually self-administering non-lethal amounts. The word is derived from Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus, who so feared being poisoned that he regularly ingested small doses, aiming to develop immunity."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mithridatism is the practice of protecting oneself against a poison by gradually self-administering non-lethal amounts. The word is derived from Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus, who so feared being poisoned that he regularly ingested small doses, aiming to develop immunity.\n\n[Mithridatism - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithridatism)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So by that logic, if vaccines are poison, one should be able to protect themselves by getting immunizations!", "name": "Jayden"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yes this is literally how vaccines for the most part work", "name": "Jaden"}]

zx5yrx

t5_2qh3b

Dowgellah

j1zm2ok

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Karen ( kə-REN), also known as the Kayin, Kariang or Kawthoolese, are an ethnolinguistic group of Sino-Tibetan language-speaking peoples. The group as a whole is heterogeneous and disparate as many Karen ethnic groups do not associate or identify with each other culturally or linguistically. These Karen groups reside primarily in Kayin State, southern and southeastern Myanmar. The Karen account for around seven percent of the Burmese population. Many Karen have migrated to Thailand, having settled mostly on the Myanmar–Thailand border. A few Karen have settled in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, and other Southeast Asian and East Asian countries.\nThe Karen groups as a whole are often confused with the Padaung tribe, best known for the neck rings worn by their women, but they are just one sub-group of Red Karens (Karenni), one of the tribes of Kayah in Kayah State, Myanmar.\nKaren insurgent groups, led primarily by the Karen National Union (KNU), have waged war against the Burmese government since early 1949. The original aim of the KNU was to create an independent Karen homeland called Kawthoolei, but since 1976 they have shifted towards calling for a federal system in Myanmar instead. Even so, the KNU has declined invitations to speak with the Burmese government."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Karen are an ethnolinguistic group of Sino-Tibetan languagespeaking peoples. Karen insurgent groups, led primarily by the Karen National Union (KNU), have waged war against the Burmese government since early 1949. The original aim of the KNU was to create an independent Karen homeland.\n\n[Karen people - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_people)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "it's pronounced kuh-REN with the emphasis on ren. Hope that helps people look at this and not go \"ha a nation of Karens lol\" (my initial reaction tbh).", "name": "Juan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yep thx dude\n\nhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Karen", "name": "Derek"}]

hvwbqr

t5_2umfr

AlexTheFormerTeacher

fyw3mws

[{"role": "system", "content": "Nazism ( NA(H)T-siz-əm; also Naziism ), the common name in English for National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus, German: [natsi̯oˈnaːlzotsi̯aˌlɪsmʊs] ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power in 1930s Europe, it was frequently referred to as Hitlerism (German: Hitlerfaschismus). The later related term \"neo-Nazism\" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideas which formed after the collapse of Hitler's Third Reich.\nNazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. It incorporates a dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, anti-Slavism, scientific racism, white supremacy, Nordicism, social Darwinism and the use of eugenics into its creed. Its extreme nationalism originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist Völkisch movement which had been a prominent aspect of German ultranationalism since the late 19th century. Nazism was strongly influenced by the Freikorps paramilitary groups that emerged after Germany's defeat in World War I, from which came the party's underlying \"cult of violence\". It subscribed to pseudo-scientific theories of a racial hierarchy, identifying ethnic Germans as part of what the Nazis regarded as an Aryan or Nordic master race. Nazism sought to overcome social divisions and create a homogeneous German society based on racial purity which represented a people's community (Volksgemeinschaft). The Nazis aimed to unite all Germans living in historically German territory, as well as gain additional lands for German expansion under the doctrine of Lebensraum and exclude those whom they deemed either Community Aliens or \"inferior\" races (Untermenschen).\nThe term \"National Socialism\" arose out of attempts to create a nationalist redefinition of socialism, as an alternative to both Marxist international socialism and free-market capitalism. Nazism rejected the Marxist concepts of class conflict and universal equality, opposed cosmopolitan internationalism, and sought to convince all parts of the new German society to subordinate their personal interests to the \"common good\", accepting political interests as the main priority of economic organisation, which tended to match the general outlook of collectivism or communitarianism rather than economic socialism. The Nazi Party's precursor, the pan-German nationalist and antisemitic German Workers' Party (DAP), was founded on 5 January 1919. By the early 1920s, the party was renamed the National Socialist German Workers' Party in order to appeal to left-wing workers, a renaming that Hitler initially objected to. The National Socialist Program, or \"25 Points\", was adopted in 1920 and called for a united Greater Germany that would deny citizenship to Jews or those of Jewish descent, while also supporting land reform and the nationalisation of some industries. In Mein Kampf (\"My Struggle\"), published in 1925–1926, Hitler outlined the antisemitism and anti-communism at the heart of his political philosophy as well as his disdain for representative democracy, over which he proposed the Führerprinzip (leader principle), and his belief in Germany's right to territorial expansion through lebensraum. Hitler's objectives involved the eastward expansion of German territories, German colonization of Eastern Europe, and the promotion of an alliance with Britain and Italy against Russia.\nThe Nazi Party won the greatest share of the popular vote in the two Reichstag general elections of 1932, making them the largest party in the legislature by far, albeit still short of an outright majority (37.3% on 31 July 1932 and 33.1% on 6 November 1932). Because none of the parties were willing or able to put together a coalition government, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany on 30 January 1933 by President Paul von Hindenburg through the support and connivance of traditional conservative nationalists who believed that they could control him and his party. With the use of emergency presidential decrees by Hindenburg and a change in the Weimar Constitution which allowed the Cabinet to rule by direct decree, bypassing both Hindenburg and the Reichstag, the Nazis soon established a one-party state and began the Gleichschaltung.\nThe Sturmabteilung (SA) and the Schutzstaffel (SS) functioned as the paramilitary organisations of the Nazi Party. Using the SS for the task, Hitler purged the party's more socially and economically radical factions in the mid-1934 Night of the Long Knives, including the leadership of the SA. After the death of President Hindenburg on 2 August 1934, political power was concentrated in Hitler's hands and he became Germany's head of state as well as the head of the government, with the title of Führer und Reichskanzler, meaning \"leader and Chancellor of Germany\" (see also here). From that point, Hitler was effectively the dictator of Nazi Germany – also known as the Third Reich – under which Jews, political opponents and other \"undesirable\" elements were marginalised, imprisoned or murdered. During World War II, many millions of people – including around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe – were eventually exterminated in a genocide which became known as the Holocaust. Following Germany's defeat in World War II and the discovery of the full extent of the Holocaust, Nazi ideology became universally disgraced. It is widely regarded as immoral and evil, with only a few fringe racist groups, usually referred to as neo-Nazis, describing themselves as followers of National Socialism.\n\nIn the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of thalidomide in 46 countries by women who were pregnant or who subsequently became pregnant resulted in the \"biggest anthropogenic medical disaster ever,\" with more than 10,000 children born with a range of severe deformities, such as phocomelia, as well as thousands of miscarriages.Thalidomide was introduced in 1953 as a tranquilizer, and was later marketed by the German pharmaceutical company Chemie Grünenthal under the trade name Contergan as a medication for anxiety, trouble sleeping, tension, and morning sickness. It was introduced as a sedative and medication for morning sickness without having been tested on pregnant women. While initially deemed to be safe in pregnancy, concerns regarding birth defects were noted in 1961, and the medication was removed from the market in Europe that year."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# What do you get when you let a Nazi war criminal create a new drug for morning sickness? Thalidomide, the 'biggest manmade medical disaster ever'\n\n[Thalidomide scandal - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalidomide_scandal)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> Common side effects include sleepiness, rash, and dizziness.[3] Severe side effects include tumor lysis syndrome, blood clots, and peripheral neuropathy.[4] Use in pregnancy may harm the baby, including resulting in malformation of the limbs.[3] In males who are taking the medication, condoms are recommended if their partner could become pregnant.[4]\n\n...\n\n> It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1998.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system.[8] It is available as a generic medication.[4] In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about 1,194 per month as of 2018.[4] This amount in the United States costs about US$9,236 as of 2019.[9]\n\nHMMmmmm......", "name": "Eduardo"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "The formula has since been modified and nowadays it's used to treat some forms of cancer. It's still dangerous af, but much better researched and the patients are made aware of the possible side effects"}]

qo8bwy

t5_2umfr

CSPeirce_GOAT

hjlvqzl

[{"role": "system", "content": "Burakumin (部落民, 'hamlet/village people') is a term for ethnic Japanese people who are believed to be descended from members of the pre-Meiji feudal class which were associated with kegare (穢れ, 'defilement'), such as executioners, undertakers, slaughterhouse workers, butchers, and tanners. The term encompasses both the historical eta and hinin outcasts.\nDuring Japan's feudal era, these occupations acquired a hereditary status of oppression, and became an unofficial class of the Tokugawa class system during the Edo period. After the feudal system was abolished, the term burakumin came into use to refer to the former caste members and their descendants, who continued to experience stigmatization and discrimination.\nOn the other hand, in practice, both eta and hinin were recognized as owners of fields, some with very large incomes (koku) and some economic power. Their chief held the title of Danzaemon (ja:弾左衛門) and had the authority to issue orders to eta and hinin throughout the country, as well as jurisdiction within the eta and hinin."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Burakumin is a former untouchable group in Japan at the bottom of the traditional social hierarchy. Burakumin status was officially abolished after the Meiji Restoration in 1868, but their descendants have since continued to face stigmatization and discrimination in Japan.\n\n[Burakumin - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burakumin)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untouchability Japan is not the only country to do it.", "name": "Cameron"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The crazy creepy part is that so many--all?--groups and nations do it. If we're in a multicultural heterogeneous society, we'll hate on the people with a different ethnicity, religion, or language. If we're in a more homogeneous society, we'll just make shit up.", "name": "Reagan"}]

16lob95

t5_2qh3b

YourProphetIsAPedo

k13t5jh

[{"role": "system", "content": "Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American politician, businessman, and lawyer who has served as the junior United States senator from Utah since 2019. He served as the 70th governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for president of the United States in the 2012 election, losing to Barack Obama.\nRaised in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, by George and Lenore Romney, he spent over two years in France as a Mormon missionary. He married Ann Davies in 1969; they have five sons. Active in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) throughout his adult life, Romney served as bishop of his ward and later as a stake president for an area covering Boston and many of its suburbs. By 1971, he had participated in the political campaigns of both his parents. In 1971 Romney graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English from Brigham Young University (BYU) and in 1975 he received a JD–MBA degree from Harvard. He became a management consultant and in 1977 joined Bain & Company in Boston. As Bain's chief executive officer (CEO), he helped lead the company out of a financial crisis. In 1984, he co-founded and led the spin-off company Bain Capital, a private equity investment firm that became one of the largest of its kind in the nation.\nAfter stepping down from Bain Capital and his local leadership role in the LDS Church, Romney was the Republican nominee in the 1994 United States Senate election in Massachusetts. After losing to five-term incumbent Ted Kennedy, he resumed his position at Bain Capital. Years later, a successful stint as president and CEO of the then-struggling Salt Lake Organizing Committee for the 2002 Winter Olympics led to a relaunch of his political career. Elected governor of Massachusetts in 2002, Romney helped develop and later signed a health care reform law (commonly called \"Romneycare\") that provided near-universal health insurance access through state-level subsidies and individual mandates to purchase insurance. He also presided over the elimination of a projected $1.2–1.5 billion deficit through a combination of spending cuts, increased fees, and closing corporate tax loopholes. He did not seek reelection in 2006, focusing instead on his campaign for the Republican nomination in the 2008 U.S. presidential election, ultimately losing the nomination to Senator John McCain. He ran for and won the 2012 Republican presidential nomination, becoming the first LDS Church member to be a major party's nominee. He lost the election to President Obama.\nAfter reestablishing residency in Utah, Romney announced his campaign for the U.S. Senate seat held by the retiring Orrin Hatch in the 2018 election; he defeated state representative Mike Kennedy in the Republican primary and Democratic nominee Jenny Wilson in the general election. In doing so, he became only the third person ever to be elected governor of one state and U.S. senator for another state. Generally considered a moderate or centrist Republican, in 2020, Romney was the lone Republican to vote to convict Donald Trump in his first impeachment trial, making him the first senator ever to have voted to remove a president of the same party from office. Romney also voted to convict in Trump's second trial in 2021. He marched alongside Black Lives Matter protestors, voted to confirm Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court, supported gun control measures, and did not vote for Trump in the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections. In 2023, Romney announced he will not run for reelection in 2024 and will retire from the Senate when his term expires in 2025.\n\nDuring a 1983 family vacation, American businessman and future politician Mitt Romney drove 12 hours with his dog on top of the car in a windshield-equipped carrier. This incident became the subject of negative media attention and political attacks on Romney in both the 2008 and the 2012 presidential elections."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Mitt Romney dog incident: During a 1983 family vacation, Mitt Romney drove 12 hours with his dog on top of the car in a windshield-equipped carrier. This incident became the subject of negative media attention and political attacks on Romney in both the 2008 and the 2012 presidential elections.\n\n[Mitt Romney dog incident - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitt_Romney_dog_incident)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Was great when this was the controversy surrounding republican presidential nominees instead of committing endless felonies, bragging about walking into teen girls dressing rooms as they change, and spewing baseless and incoherent lies and conspiracy theories everyday.", "name": "Francisco"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I can assure you that Republicans lied constantly and spread conspiracy theories back then too.", "name": "Layla"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Sure but Mitt Romney wasn't claiming his election was stolen. McCain wasn't claiming Obama was a muslim born overseas. McCain told a woman she didn't need to be afraid if Obama won, that he was a good man.\n\nPeople tend to forget because Trump has said so much crazy nonsense over the years, but even back then he was saying all this bs.\n\nBack in 2012 Trump said that the election was a \"total sham\" and a \"travesty,\" while also saying the US is \"not a democracy\", while telling people on Twitter \"We can't let this happen. We should march on Washington and stop this travesty. Our nation is totally divided!\" and \"fight like hell and stop this great and disgusting injustice\"\n\nThen in 2016, after losing Iowa to Ted Cruz he accused Ted Cruz of having rigged the primaries. \"Ted Cruz didn't win Iowa, he stole it. That is why all of the polls were so wrong and why he got far more votes than anticipated. Bad!\" \"Based on the fraud committed by Senator Ted Cruz during the Iowa Caucus, either a new election should take place or Cruz results nullified.\"\n\nBecause beating Hillary he was claiming, preemptively that the election was rigged. \"The election is absolutely being rigged by the dishonest and distorted media pushing Crooked Hillary - but also at many polling places - SAD,\"\n\nEven after beating Hillary he claimed the election was rigged, and that he really won the popular vote:\"\"In addition to winning the Electoral College in a landslide, I won the popular vote if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally,\"\n\nThe sheer contrast between candidates like McCain and Romney, and the man unhinged with reality that has conned uneducated Republicans into letting take over their party, is mind boggling.", "name": "Kenneth"}]

8cctvr

t5_2qh3b

AbouBenAdhem

dxe8hub

[{"role": "system", "content": "Constantine the African (Latin: Constantinus Africanus; died before 1098/1099, Monte Cassino) was a physician who lived in the 11th century. The first part of his life was spent in Ifriqiya and the rest in Italy. He first arrived in Italy in the coastal town of Salerno, home of the Schola Medica Salernitana, where his work attracted attention from the local Lombard and Norman rulers. Constantine then became a Benedictine monk, living the last decades of his life at the abbey of Monte Cassino.It was in Italy where Constantine compiled his vast opus, mostly composed of translations from Arabic sources. He translated into Latin books of the great masters of Arabic medicine: Razes, Ibn Imran, Ibn Suleiman, and Ibn al-Jazzar; these translations are housed today in libraries in Italy, Germany, France, Belgium, and England. They were used as textbooks from the Middle Ages to the seventeenth century."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# After falling ill in Italy, an 11th-cent. North African merchant was shocked by the state of local medicine. He collected Arabic medical texts for 3 years, then returned to Italy and dedicated the rest of his life to translating them into Latin. They were used as textbooks in Europe for 600 years.\n\n[Constantine the African - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_the_African)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It's funny how badly things degenerated around North Africa and the Middle east after that bright period of enlightenment.", "name": "Matthew"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Every region has an ebb and flow of \"enlightenment.\" We're just living in one slice of time in the grand historical narrative.", "name": "Alyssa"}]

hxu3jf

t5_2umfr

TheButchman101

fzao8dq

[{"role": "system", "content": "The 1945 Katsuyama killing incident was the killing of three African-American United States Marines in Katsuyama near Nago, Okinawa after the Battle of Okinawa on July 10, 1945, to August 13, 1946. Residents of Katsuyama had reportedly killed the three Marines for their repeated rape of village women during occupation of Okinawa and hid their bodies in a nearby cave out of fear for retaliation. The Katsuyama incident was kept secret until August 16, 1997, when the bodies and identities of the Marines were discovered."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# In 1945, three US Marines began ritually raping the women of the Katsayuma village. When they started to carry out their weekly tradition unarmed, the villagers overwhelmed and killed them. Their bodies were hidden in the nearby cave out of fear for retaliation, a village secret until 1997.\n\n[1945 Katsuyama killing incident - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1945_Katsuyama_killing_incident)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Good for the villagers."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yeah I'm ok with it. The killings, not the rapes.", "name": "Devon"}]

tyqo8r

t5_2umfr

lightiggy

i3v3lyw

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Nearly 50 years ago, Clark OBryan killed his 8-year-old son with Halloween candy laced with cyanide so he could cash in on a $100,000 life insurance policy. Knowing that killing his son outright would be too obvious, he also distributed the candy to neighborhood children.\n\n[Ronald Clark O'Bryan - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Clark_O%27Bryan)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "On top of being evil, he was also an idiot. They only trick r treated for two blocks, so it was easy for the police to talk to every single house and easily determine which one distributed the kind of candy that he laced with cyanide.", "name": "Diana"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So tired of people saying they are better child murderers than this guy. Prove it!", "name": "Jorge"}]

12yoz04

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

jhogli7

[{"role": "system", "content": "National Masturbation Day, also known as International Masturbation Day, is an annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\". The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students.International Masturbation Day has since been expanded to include the entire month of May as International Masturbation Month. In 2023, in honor of Magic Wand's 55th Anniversary and in conjunction with Masturbation May #truemagicwand was started on May 20th."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# International Masturbation Day: An annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\".\n\n[National Masturbation Day - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Masturbation_Day)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students."}, {"role": "user", "content": "A whole day seems a bit much ", "name": "Jonah"}]

prpvig

t5_2umfr

LongdayinCarcosa

hdkgt7e

[{"role": "system", "content": "Missing white woman syndrome is a term used by social scientists and media commentators to denote disproportionate media coverage, especially on television, of missing-person cases toward white females compared to those females of colour or males. The syndrome also encompasses disproportionate media attention to females who are young, attractive, white, and upper middle class. Although the term was coined in the context of missing-person cases, it is sometimes used of coverage of other violent crimes. The phenomenon has been highlighted in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and other predominantly white countries, as well as South Africa.Despite the popularity of the term \"Missing White Woman Syndrome\", there is very little empirical evidence to demonstrate its existence. According to a 2019 study, missing person cases involving both White women and White men received more media attention than those involving Black women and Black men. However, the authors also reported that non-Black women of color (such as Asian and Latina women) are just as over-represented as White women in news coverage, suggesting that \"missing White woman syndrome\" is mainly a function of the under-representation of Black women in media cases. Research in the area also suggests that gender is a factor, with analysis finding that missing women are twelve times more likely than missing men to receive attention in Louisiana, despite men and women going missing at similar rates nationally.The phenomenon has led to a number of tough-on-crime measures, mainly on the political right, that were named for white women who disappeared and were subsequently found harmed. In addition to race and class, factors such as supposed attractiveness, body size, and youthfulness have been identified as unfair criteria in the determination of newsworthiness in coverage of missing women. News coverage of missing black women was more likely to focus on the victim's problems, such as abusive boyfriends, criminal history, or drug addiction, while coverage of white women often tended to focus on their roles as mothers, daughters, students, and contributors to their communities."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Missing white woman syndrom is a phrase used to describe the disproportionately higher coverage of white women and girls in the upper-middle-class who disappear\n\n[Missing white woman syndrome - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_white_woman_syndrome)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Very timely. The game like aspect of the interest in the Gabby Petito case is something else as well. Kinda similar to what happened in the netflix show Clickbait if anyones seen it. People were excited over livestreams, it seemed more for their own entertainment than anything else. \n\nSome people were willing to go on road trips and drive cross country to help solve this. Definitely dont see this energy for missing BIPOC. Im sure some people were exaggerating but the way this case was pimped out for content creeps me out. Maybe more so annoys me, but still.", "name": "Christopher"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "This post was absolutely definitely inspired by recent events. That case's coverage has a reality TV audience participatory element that's just.... _super_ gross to me."}]

exb506

t5_2umfr

squiddog23

fg7azky

[{"role": "system", "content": "David Parker Ray (November 6, 1939 – May 28, 2002), also known as the Toy-Box Killer, was an American kidnapper, torturer, serial rapist and suspected serial killer. Though no bodies were found, Ray was accused by his accomplices of killing several women, and was suspected by the police to have murdered as many as sixty women from Arizona and New Mexico while living in Elephant Butte, New Mexico. Ray was convicted of kidnapping and torture in 2001, for which he received a lengthy sentence, but he was never convicted of murder. He died of a heart attack about one year after his convictions in two cases, the second of which resulted in a plea deal.\nRay used soundproofing methods on a semi-trailer, which he called his \"Toy Box\", and equipped it with items used for sexual torture. He would kidnap about four or five women a year, holding each of them captive for around two to three months. During this period he would sexually abuse his victims and often torture them with surgical instruments, sometimes involving his friends, wife or even his dog. Then Ray would drug them with barbiturates in an attempt to erase their memories of what had happened before abandoning them by the side of the road."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Toy Box Killer: David Parker Ray was only discovered when one of his victims escaped and ran in the neighborhood beaten with a collar around her neck. Held women in a trailer behind his house and played a recording describing what was about to happen.\n\n[David Parker Ray - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Parker_Ray)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ooooh, I dove down this rabbit hole a while ago and I deeply regretted it. I dont think anything disturbed me quite like this guy. And the fact that there were a group of people involved in the torturing just makes me sick. How did they all find each other in a small town. Just shows that there are far more evil people willing to do this stuff if the opportunity presents itself.", "name": "Stephen"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Yes this is one of the most disturbing things. Especially because we will never truly know the true number of victims. And how nothing was suspected until the last victim escaped."}, {"role": "user", "content": "And his daughter reported it, tried to get her Dad arrested. They didnt believe her and then she ended up joining in the rapes and torture. The guy was so insanely good at brainwashing people. Just insane.", "name": "Isaac"}]

12yoz04

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

jho8pni

[{"role": "system", "content": "National Masturbation Day, also known as International Masturbation Day, is an annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\". The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students.International Masturbation Day has since been expanded to include the entire month of May as International Masturbation Month. In 2023, in honor of Magic Wand's 55th Anniversary and in conjunction with Masturbation May #truemagicwand was started on May 20th."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# International Masturbation Day: An annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\".\n\n[National Masturbation Day - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Masturbation_Day)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students."}]

uyvfse

t5_2umfr

slinkslowdown

ia7j04e

[{"role": "system", "content": "The 1999 London nail bombings were a series of bomb explosions in London, England. Over three successive weekends between 17 and 30 April 1999, homemade nail bombs were detonated in Brixton in South London; at Brick Lane, Spitalfields, in the East End; and at the Admiral Duncan pub in Soho in the West End. Each bomb contained up to 1,500 4-inch (100 mm) nails, in holdalls that were left in public spaces. The bombs killed three people and injured 140 people, four of whom lost limbs.\nOn 2 May 1999, the Metropolitan Police Anti-Terrorist Branch charged 22-year-old David Copeland with murder. Copeland, who became known as the \"London nail bomber\", was a Neo-Nazi militant and a former member of two political groups, the British National Party and then the National Socialist Movement. The bombings were aimed at London's black, Bengali and LGBT communities. Copeland was convicted of murder in 2000 and given six life sentences."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Over 3 successive weekends between 17 and 30 April 1999, homemade nail bombs were detonated around London. Each contained up to 1,500 4-inch nails, in holdalls that were left in public spaces. The bombs killed three people, including a pregnant woman, and injured 140 people, four of whom lost limbs.\n\n[1999 London nail bombings - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_London_nail_bombings)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[removed]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The UK has never \"banned guns\" and you're awfully angry for somebody that's doesn't even live here.", "name": "Julia"}]

y8en1o

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

it1z0s0

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Burdizzo is the name brand of a company that makes a castration device which employs a large clamp designed to break the blood vessels leading into the testicles. Once the blood supply to the testicles is lost, testicular necrosis occurs, and the testicles shrink, soften, and eventually deteriorate completely. When the device is used, the operator crushes the spermatic cords one at a time, leaving a space in between in order to prevent an interruption of blood-flow to the scrotum."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Burdizzo is a brand of castration device which employs a large clamp designed to break the blood vessels leading into the testicles. Although intended for livestock, they have also been used by some humans as a means of self-castration.\n\n[Burdizzo - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdizzo)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "In Romainia it is stil in use ...to castrate male pigs.", "name": "Steven"}]

f12xuq

t5_2umfr

psychocookie81

fh282ko

[{"role": "system", "content": "California ( KAL-ih-FORN-yə, -⁠FOR-nee-ə) is a state in the Western United States, lying on the American Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and the Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With over 38.9 million residents across a total area of approximately 163,696 square miles (423,970 km2), it is the most populous U.S. state, the third-largest U.S. state by area, and the most populated subnational entity in North America.\nThe Greater Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay areas in California are the nation's second and fifth-most populous urban regions respectively. Greater Los Angeles has over 18.7 million residents and the San Francisco Bay Area has over 9.6 million residents. Los Angeles is the state's most populous city and the nation's second-most populous city. San Francisco is the second-most densely populated major city in the country. Los Angeles County is the country's most populous county, and San Bernardino County is the nation's largest county by area. Sacramento is the state's capital city.\nCalifornia's economy is the largest of any state within the United States, with a $3.6 trillion gross state product (GSP) as of 2022. It is the largest sub-national economy in the world. If California were a sovereign nation, it would rank as the world's fifth-largest economy as of 2022, just ahead of India and the United Kingdom, as well as the 37th most populous. The Greater Los Angeles area and the San Francisco area are the nation's second- and fourth-largest urban economies ($1.0 trillion and $0.6 trillion respectively as of 2020). The San Francisco Bay Area Combined Statistical Area had the nation's highest gross domestic product per capita ($106,757) among large primary statistical areas in 2018, and is home to five of the world's ten largest companies by market capitalization and four of the world's ten richest people. Slightly over 84 percent of the state's residents 25 or older hold a high school degree, the lowest high school education rate of all 50 states.Prior to European colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America, and the indigenous peoples of California constituted the highest Native American population density north of what is now Mexico. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization of California by the Spanish Empire. In 1804, it was included in Alta California province within the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following its successful war for independence, but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican–American War. The California Gold Rush started in 1848 and led to dramatic social and demographic changes, including the depopulation of indigenous peoples in the California genocide. The western portion of Alta California was then organized and admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850, as a free state, following the Compromise of 1850.\nNotable contributions to popular culture, ranging from entertainment, sports, music, and fashion, have their origins in California. The state also has made substantial contributions in the fields of communication, information, innovation, education, environmentalism, entertainment, economics, politics, technology, and religion. California is the home of Hollywood, the oldest and one of the largest film industries in the world, profoundly influencing global entertainment. It is considered the origin of the American film industry, hippie counterculture, beach and car culture, the personal computer, the internet, fast food, diners, burger joints, skateboarding, and the fortune cookie, among other inventions. The San Francisco Bay Area and the Greater Los Angeles Area are widely seen as the centers of the global technology and U.S. film industries, respectively. California's economy is very diverse. California's agricultural industry has the highest output of any U.S. state, and is led by its dairy, almonds, and grapes. With the busiest ports in the country (Los Angeles and Long Beach), California plays a pivotal role in the global supply chain, hauling in about 40% of all goods imported to the United States.The state's extremely diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast and metropolitan areas in the west to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east, and from the redwood and Douglas fir forests in the northwest to the Mojave Desert in the southeast. Two-thirds of the nation's earthquake risk lies in California. The Central Valley, a fertile agricultural area, dominates the state's center. California is well known for its warm Mediterranean climate along the coast and monsoon seasonal weather inland. The large size of the state results in climates that vary from moist temperate rainforest in the north to arid desert in the interior, as well as snowy alpine in the mountains. Droughts and wildfires are an ongoing issue for the state.\n\nLawrence Bernard \"Larry\" Singleton (July 28, 1927 – December 28, 2001), nicknamed the \"Mad Chopper\" in media accounts, was an American criminal known for perpetrating an infamous rape and mutilation of adolescent hitchhiker Mary Vincent in California in 1978, and then perpetrating a second attack on a woman shortly after being released from prison eight years later. He raped Mary and cut off her forearms, then left her to die in a culvert off Interstate 5 in Del Puerto Canyon. Mary managed to hike to safety and later acted as a key witness against Singleton. Released from prison on good behavior after serving eight years of his fourteen-year sentence, he later murdered Roxanne Hayes, a mother of three. On February 19, 1997, police found him covered in blood after stabbing her in his new home."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# California, 1978, Lawrence brutally attacked Mary Vincent. He raped her, amputated both her arms and threw her into a ravine.She miraculously survived. He was sentenced to 14 years, got out on parole and murdered again, and was sent to death row.\n\n[Lawrence Singleton - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Singleton)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wow the fact that he only served 8 years for something out of a Saw movie is ridiculous. Im glad the laws are much more strict now.", "name": "Aubrey"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The weirdest part to me, and I know its morbid, but... he went through with cutting her goddamn arms off, why didn't he make sure she was dead? Clearly he meant for that to be the case. Is he just an idiot?", "name": "Gracie"}]

nq9dwi

t5_2umfr

Missold_PPI

h09qu13

[{"role": "system", "content": "Green Boots is the body of an unidentified climber that became a landmark on the main Northeast ridge route of Mount Everest. The body has not been officially identified, but is believed to be Tsewang Paljor, an Indian member of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police expedition (ITBP) who died as part of the 1996 climbing disaster on the mountain wearing green Koflach mountaineering boots. All expeditions from the north side encountered the body curled in the limestone alcove cave at 8,500 m (27,900 ft), until it was moved by the Chinese in 2014."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Green Boots - the unidentified body of a dead Everest climber, nicknamed for the green boots it wears. All climbers ascending from the north side pass by the body, and it has become effectively a landmark.\n\n[Green Boots - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Boots)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Why dont they retrieve the body", "name": "Manuel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "There's a shitload of bodies up there because trying to get them down will most likely just create more landmarks.", "name": "Manuel"}]

swok6n

t5_2umfr

SnooPoems4048

hxohb90

[{"role": "system", "content": "Aswad are a British reggae group, noted for adding strong R&B and soul influences to the reggae sound. They have been performing since the mid-1970s, having released a total of 21 albums. Their UK hit singles include the number one \"Don't Turn Around\" (1988) and \"Shine\" (1994). \"Aswad\" is Arabic for \"black\". They are three-time Grammy Award nominees."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Aswad can be seen in the video attempting to sit up and calling for help as the crowd taunts her and repeatedly throws large chunks of rock or concrete on her head. After her death in the town square, Aswad's body was tied behind a car and dragged through the streets.\n\n[Murder of Du'a Khalil Aswad - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Du%27a_Khalil_Aswad)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How do you even determine such a thing?", "name": "Sarah"}, {"role": "user", "content": "You cant. I imagine it likely that they were checking for an intact hymen, but the absence of one does not necessarily mean a woman or girl has engaged in sexual activity. There are a number of reasons a hymen can break before intercourse occurs: exercise, tampon use, gymnastics, horseback riding, stretching, injury, some women are born with a less visually prominent hymen likely to be overlooked in an exam \n\nIts the equivalent of a nonsense witch test.", "name": "Connor"}]

kqbyob

t5_2umfr

WhileFalseRepeat

gi39g2s

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Aquatots were American siblings Russell \"Bubba\" Tongay and Kathy Tongay who performed daring swimming feats at a very young age.\nBubba was seven years old and Kathy was five when the Tongays' father killed Kathy in 1953."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# TIL of the Aquatots. In 1950, Bubba, aged 4, swam 22 miles of the Mississippi River while Kathy, aged 2, swam 5 miles. When their father attempted them crossing the English Channel, the British and French forbade it as child abuse. Later, the father bragged of their baby food diet and killed Kathy.\n\n[Aquatots - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatots)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "r/titlegore", "name": "Steven"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I dont disagree - but If you read about their story the title probably makes more sense and it covers the most ground available within 300 characters. \n\nCharacter limits unfortunately lead to choices which arent my preference, but hopefully tell a story that can be understood - even if its not aesthetically or grammatically pleasing.\n\nIndeed, almost the entire overview of this particular story (as available via Wikipedia) is either explicitly or implicitly available via that title. \n\nAnd since the majority of Redditors dont fully read the linked articles - I try to provide informative titles. I also sometimes provide additional context within the comments (as I did for this one in /r/todayIlearned). \n\nFurthermore, the rules and etiquette of TIL require the most informative narrative possible and without relying solely on the source.\n\nSorry - but title gore can sometimes happen for valid reasons.\n\nAnd on occasion I can make beautiful titles too! :)\n\nLove that subreddit BTW."}]

y9yvn4

t5_2umfr

Schmely

it9gbe8

[{"role": "system", "content": "Walburga Oesterreich (née Korschel; 1880 – April 8, 1961), nicknamed \"Dolly\" and \"Queen of Los Angeles\", was a German-born American housewife, married to a wealthy textile manufacturer Fred William Oesterreich (December 8, 1877 – August 22, 1922), who gained notoriety for the shooting death of her husband and the subsequent bizarre revelation that she had kept her lover, Otto Sanhuber, hidden in the attic of the home she shared with her husband for ten years."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Dolly Oesterreich gained notoriety for the shooting death of her husband and the subsequent bizarre revelation that she had kept her lover hidden in the attic of the home she shared with her husband for ten years.\n\n[Walburga Oesterreich - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walburga_Oesterreich)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Was she feeding her lover fish heads while he was living in the attic?", "name": "Jorge"}, {"role": "user", "content": "\nHugo loves them", "name": "Breanna"}]

yp46zr

t5_2qh3b

Salivadoor

ivjsif7

[{"role": "system", "content": "Christian head covering, also known as Christian veiling, is the traditional practice of women covering their head in a variety of Christian denominations. Some Christian women wear the head covering in public worship and during private prayer at home, while others (esp. Conservative Anabaptists) believe women should wear head coverings at all times. Among Oriental and Eastern Orthodox Churches, certain theologians likewise teach that it is \"expected of all women to be covered not only during liturgical periods of prayer, but at all times, for this was their honor and sign of authority given by our Lord\", while others have held that headcovering should at least be done during prayer and worship. Genesis 24:65 records the veil as a feminine emblem of modesty. Manuals of early Christianity, including the Didascalia Apostolorum and Pædagogus, instructed that a headcovering must be worn by women during prayer and worship as well as when outside the home. When Saint Paul commanded women to be veiled in 1 Corinthians, the surrounding pagan Greek women did not wear headcoverings; as such, the practice of Christian headcovering was countercultural in the Apostolic Era, being a biblical ordinance rather than a cultural tradition. The style of headcovering varies by region, though Apostolic Tradition specifies an \"opaque cloth, not with a veil of thin linen\".Those enjoining the practice head covering for Christian women while \"praying and prophesying\" ground their argument in 1 Corinthians 11. Denominations that teach that women should wear head coverings at all times additionally base this doctrine on Saint Paul's dictum that Christians are to \"pray without ceasing\" (1 Thessalonians 5:17), Saint Paul's teaching that women being unveiled is dishonourable, and as a reflection of the created order. Many Biblical scholars conclude that in 1 Corinthians 11 \"verses 4-7 refer to a literal veil or covering of cloth\" for \"praying and prophesying\" and hold verse 15 to refer to the hair of a woman given to her by nature. Christian headcovering with a cloth veil was the practice of the early Church, being universally taught by the Church Fathers and practiced by Christian women throughout history, continuing to be the ordinary practice among Christians in many parts of the world, such as Romania, Russia, Ukraine, Egypt, Ethiopia, India and Pakistan; additionally, among Conservative Anabaptists such as the Conservative Mennonite churches and the Dunkard Brethren Church, headcovering is counted as an ordinance of the Church, being worn throughout the day by women. However, in much of the Western world the practice of head covering declined during the 20th century and in churches where it is not practiced, veiling as described 1 Corinthians 11 is usually taught as being a societal practice for the age in which the passage was written."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Christian headcovering with a cloth veil was the practice of the early Church, being universally taught by the Church Fathers and practiced by Christian women throughout history, continuing to be the ordinary practice among Christians in many parts of the world\n\n[Head covering for Christian women - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_head_covering#:~:text=Christian%20headcovering%20with%20a%20cloth,%2C%20Ukraine%2C%20Ethiopia%2C%20India%2C)"}, {"role": "user", "content": " some more traditional ladies wear loose coverings like this at my Middle Eastern church"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I mean, look at Catholic nuns. There's a reason thy wear that habit."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Mainly out if tradition, as the church made it no longer mandatory.", "name": "Owen"}, {"role": "user", "content": ">mostly put of tradition\n\nSo you could say they're... Still in the habit", "name": "Angelica"}]

17jgn4s

t5_2qh3b

wazzzzah

k71m8vt

[{"role": "system", "content": "Matthew Langford Perry (August 19, 1969 – October 28, 2023) was an American and Canadian actor. He gained international fame for starring as Chandler Bing on the NBC television sitcom Friends (1994–2004). Perry also appeared on Ally McBeal (2002) and received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in The West Wing (2003) and The Ron Clark Story (2006). He played a leading role in the NBC series Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–2007). He also became known for his leading film roles in Fools Rush In (1997), Almost Heroes (1998), Three to Tango (1999), The Whole Nine Yards (2000), Serving Sara (2002), The Whole Ten Yards (2004), and 17 Again (2009).\nPerry was co-creator, co-writer, executive producer, and star of the ABC sitcom Mr. Sunshine, which ran from February to April 2011. In August 2012, he starred as sportscaster Ryan King on the NBC sitcom Go On. He co-developed and starred in a revival of the CBS sitcom The Odd Couple portraying Oscar Madison from 2015 to 2017. He had recurring roles in the legal dramas The Good Wife (2012–2013), and The Good Fight (2017). Perry portrayed Ted Kennedy in The Kennedys: After Camelot (2017) and appeared as himself in his final television role, Friends: The Reunion (2021). He voiced Benny in the video game Fallout: New Vegas (2010).\nPerry suffered from severe addictions to drugs and alcohol. Through his recovery, he became an advocate for rehabilitation and a spokesperson for the National Association of Drug Court Professionals. In 2013, Perry received the Champion of Recovery Award from the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy. In 2022, he released his memoir, Friends, Lovers, and the Big Terrible Thing."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# While in 5th grade, Matthew Perry once beat up classmate and future Canadian PM Justin Trudeau. In the 1990s, Perry dated Baywatch star Yasmine Bleeth and then Julia Roberts. His later drug addiction led him to take 55 Vicodins a day, and in 2022, he estimated that $9M was spent on his addictions.\n\n[Matthew Perry - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Perry)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "9 fuckin million? What else could that include besides pills because there's no fuckin way he spent millions there", "name": "Maxwell"}, {"role": "user", "content": ">In 2022, he estimated that $9 million was spent on his addiction, including 14 stomach surgeries, 15 stays in rehab, and therapy twice a week for 30 years. He believed he had attended 6,000 Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.\n\nHe 175000 to fly a private medical plane from Switzerland to California and when they wouldn't give him drugs he spent another 175 to fly back to Switzerland.", "name": "Joshua"}]

c9o9co

t5_2umfr

BrooklynVI

et0mr9c

[{"role": "system", "content": "On the night of November 22, 1987, the television signals of two stations in Chicago, Illinois, were hijacked, briefly sending a pirate broadcast of an unidentified person wearing a Max Headroom mask and costume to thousands of home viewers.The first incident took place during the sports segment of independent TV station WGN-TV's 9:00 p.m. newscast. Like the later signal intrusion, it featured a person wearing a mask swaying erratically in front of a swiveling corrugated metal panel, apparently meant to resemble Max Headroom's animated geometric background. Unlike the later intrusion, the only sound was a loud buzz. This interruption went on for almost 17 seconds before engineers at WGN were able to regain control of their broadcast tower.\nThe second incident occurred about two hours later during PBS member station WTTW's broadcast of the Doctor Who serial Horror of Fang Rock. With nobody on duty at the affected tower, this signal takeover was more sustained, and the masked figure could be heard making reference to the real Max Headroom's advertisements for New Coke, the animated TV series Clutch Cargo, WGN sportscaster Chuck Swirsky, \"Greatest World Newspaper nerds\", and other seemingly unrelated topics. The video concluded with the masked figure’s bare buttocks being spanked by a woman with a flyswatter while yelling \"They're coming to get me!\", with the woman responding \"Bend over, bitch!\" as the figure was crying and screaming. At that point, the hijackers ended the pirate transmission, and normal programming resumed after a total interruption of about 90 seconds.A criminal investigation conducted by the Federal Communications Commission in the immediate aftermath of the intrusion could not find the people responsible, and despite many unofficial inquiries and much speculation over the ensuing decades, the culprits have yet to be positively identified."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Max Headroom Incident: a broadcast interruption with a creepy mask and strange sounds. Not creepy to everyone, but scary as hell to me.\n\n[Max Headroom signal hijacking - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Headroom_broadcast_signal_intrusion)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wish I could remember the link,but I read a neat article about this years ago. \n\nOne hypothesis was that the gut was a young techie savant who was socially challenges and never came forward cus he didn't know how people would react. \n\nAnother theory in the article was that the late YouTuber Shay St. John did it (r.i.p.)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Ooh I havent heard that theory about Shay! That shit creeped me out so much!! I can see why thatd add up actually."}]

xwn4it

t5_2umfr

Cultural_Note_6722

ir7ml7g

[{"role": "system", "content": "Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was wearing a pink Chanel suit when her husband, President John F. Kennedy, was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. She insisted on wearing the suit, stained with his blood, during the swearing-in of Lyndon B. Johnson that afternoon and for the flight back to Washington D.C. Jacqueline Kennedy was a fashion icon, and the suit is arguably the most referenced and revisited among her clothing items.Made of wool bouclé, the double-breasted, raspberry pink and navy trim collared suit was matched with a trademark pink pillbox hat and white gloves. A long-time question among fashion historians and experts, about whether the suit was made by Chanel in France or a quality copy purchased from New York's semiannual Chez Ninon collections, was resolved by Coco Chanel's biographer, Justine Picardie. She showed that the suit was a garment made by Chez Ninon using Chanel's approved \"line for line\" system with authorized Chanel patterns and materials."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Jackie Kennedys famous pink pillbox hat, worn when her husband was shot, was ripped off with a hairpin and chunk of her hair as the Lincoln sped off. The whereabouts of the hat today are unknown, and the last person known to have had ither personal secretary, Mary Gallagherwill not discuss it.\n\n[Pink Chanel suit of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Chanel_suit_of_Jacqueline_Bouvier_Kennedy)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So she has it then?", "name": "Eric"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Im betting she sold it for some obscene amount.", "name": "Mark"}]

yw06os

t5_2qh3b

First_Level_Ranger

iwh33lr

[{"role": "system", "content": "The gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a gunfight that lasted less than a minute between lawmen led by Virgil Earp and members of a loosely organized group of outlaws called the Cowboys that occurred at about 3:00 p.m. on Wednesday, October 26, 1881, in Tombstone, Arizona, United States. It is generally regarded as the most famous gunfight in the history of the American Old West.\nThe gunfight was the result of a long-simmering feud. Cowboys Billy Claiborne, brothers Ike and Billy Clanton, and brothers Tom and Frank McLaury were on one side. On the other side were Deputy U.S. Marshal and Town Marshal Virgil Earp, his two brothers Special Policemen Morgan and Wyatt Earp, and temporary policeman Doc Holliday. Billy Clanton and both McLaury brothers were killed. Ike Clanton and Billy Claiborne ran from the fight. Virgil, Morgan, and Holliday were wounded, but Wyatt was unharmed. Wyatt is often erroneously regarded as the central figure in the shootout, as his brother Virgil was Tombstone's Town Marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day and had far more experience as a sheriff, constable, marshal, and soldier in combat. Virgil made the decision to enforce a city ordinance prohibiting carrying weapons in town and to disarm the Cowboys. Wyatt was only a temporary assistant marshal to his brother.The shootout has come to represent a period of the Old West when the frontier was virtually an open range for outlaws, largely unopposed by lawmen who were spread thin over vast territories. It was not well known to the American public until 1931, when Stuart Lake published the initially well-received biography Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal two years after Earp's death. The book was the basis for the 1939 film Frontier Marshal, with Randolph Scott and Cesar Romero, the 1946 film My Darling Clementine, directed by John Ford, and the 1957 film Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, after which the shootout became known by that name. Since then, the conflict has been portrayed with varying degrees of accuracy in numerous Western films and books, and has become an archetype for much of the popular imagery associated with the Old West.\nDespite its name, the gunfight did not take place within or next to the O.K. Corral, which fronted Allen Street and had a rear entrance lined with horse stalls on Fremont Street. The shootout actually took place in a narrow lot on the side of C. S. Fly's photography studio on Fremont Street, six doors west of the O.K. Corral's rear entrance. Some members of the two opposing parties were initially only about 6 feet (1.8 m) apart. About thirty shots were fired in thirty seconds. Ike Clanton subsequently filed murder charges against the Earps and Holliday. After a thirty-day preliminary hearing and a brief stint in jail, the defendants were shown to have acted lawfully.\nThe gunfight was not the end of the conflict. On December 28, 1881, Virgil was ambushed and maimed in a murder attempt by the Cowboys. On March 18, 1882, a Cowboy fired from a dark alley through the glass door of Campbell & Hatch's saloon and billiard parlor, killing Morgan. The suspects in both incidents furnished alibis supplied by other Cowboys and were not indicted. Wyatt, newly appointed as Deputy U.S. Marshal in Cochise County, then took matters into his own hands in a personal vendetta. He was pursued by county sheriff Johnny Behan, who had received a warrant from Tucson for Wyatt's killing of Frank Stilwell."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a shootout, between lawmen led by Virgil Earp and members of a group of outlaws called the Cowboys, in Tombstone, Arizona. It has come to represent a period of the Old West when the frontier was virtually an open range for outlaws.\n\n[Gunfight at the O.K. Corral - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunfight_at_the_O.K._Corral)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Its the only known shootout of this type in the wild west and it lasted a grand total of about 12 seconds.", "name": "Alyssa"}, {"role": "user", "content": " and resulted in 3 deaths.", "name": "Julian"}]

qso8uc

t5_2qh3b

Twidlard

hkfrp37

[{"role": "system", "content": "Rachel Aliene Corrie (April 10, 1979 – March 16, 2003) was an American activist and diarist. She was a member of the pro-Palestinian International Solidarity Movement (ISM) and was active throughout the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories. In 2003, Corrie was in Rafah, a city in the Gaza Strip, where the Israeli military was demolishing Palestinian houses at the height of the Second Intifada. While protesting the demolitions as they were being carried out, she was crushed to death and killed by an Israeli armored bulldozer.Corrie was born in Washington, the United States in 1979. After graduating from Capital High School, Corrie went on to attend The Evergreen State College. She took a year off from her studies to work as a volunteer in the Washington State Conservation Corps, where she spent three years making weekly visits to mental patients. While at Evergreen State College she became a \"committed peace activist\" arranging peace events through a local group called \"Olympians for Peace and Solidarity\". She later joined the International Solidarity Movement (ISM) organisation in order to protest the policies of the Israeli army in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. She had gone to Gaza as part of her college's senior-year independent-study proposal to connect Olympia and Rafah with each other as sister cities. While in Rafah on 16 March 2003, she joined other ISM activists in efforts to prevent Israel's demolition of Palestinian property, where she was crushed to death and killed by an Israeli bulldozer. \nPhysicians present and fellow ISM activists claimed that Corrie was deliberately driven over, while the Israeli army claimed that it was an accident because the bulldozer operator did not see her. Following the incident, the Israeli military investigated itself and found that Corrie's death was the result of an accident due to the cab's alleged limited visibility. The ruling attracted criticism from Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, B'Tselem, and Yesh Din. HRW stated that the ruling represented a pattern of impunity for Israeli forces.In 2005, Corrie's parents filed a civil lawsuit, charging the Israeli state with not conducting a full and credible investigation into the case and therefore holding responsibility for her death. They contended that she had either been intentionally killed or that the Israeli soldiers on scene had acted with reckless neglect. They sued for a symbolic US$1 in damages. However, an Israeli court rejected their suit in August 2012 and upheld the results of the military's investigation, ruling that the Israeli government was not responsible for Corrie's death, again attracting criticism from Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and various activists. An appeal against this ruling was heard on May 21, 2014, but was ultimately rejected by the Supreme Court of Israel on February 14, 2015."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Rachel Corrie was a member of the pro-Palestinian group International Solidarity Movement, she was crushed to death by an IDF armored bulldozer in a southern Gaza Strip combat zone\n\n[Rachel Corrie - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Corrie)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This thread lives up to my expectations.", "name": "Kennedy"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "In the Wikipedia article there was no note about Hamas. Why do you feel the need to divert the discussion to that? \n\nThe conflict is so much more than black& white. You can easily criticize the Israeli government without endorsing Hamas. \n\nEverything else is pure whataboutism.", "name": "Richard"}]

ncn2wd

t5_2qh3b

VISIBLE_MADELON

gy71095

[{"role": "system", "content": "Stilton is an English cheese, produced in two varieties: Blue, which has Penicillium roqueforti added to generate a characteristic smell and taste, and White, which does not. Both have been granted the status of a protected designation of origin (PDO) by the European Commission, requiring that only such cheese produced in the three counties of Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire may be called Stilton. The cheese takes its name from the village of Stilton, now in Cambridgeshire, where it has long been sold, but cannot be made because it is not in one of the three permitted counties."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# a 2005 survey by the British Cheese Board reported that Stilton cheese seemed to cause unusual dreams, with 75 per cent of men and 85 per cent of women experiencing odd and vivid dreams after eating a serving of the cheese half an hour before sleeping.\n\n[Stilton cheese - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilton_cheese#Dreams)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[Sweet Dreams Are Made Of Cheese](http://www.cheeseboard.co.uk/news.cfm?page_id=240)\nApparently myth had it that Stilton produced nightmares so the Cheeseboard did a little research.\n\nUPDATE:\nCheeseboard.co.uk account suspended\n\n[Here is archived version](https://web.archive.org/web/20060115000115/http://www.cheeseboard.co.uk/news.cfm?page_id=240)", "name": "Haley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Account suspended. Looks like the Cheeseboard's split.", "name": "Ashlyn"}]

xeyhqm

t5_2qh3b

lightiggy

iolai5j

[{"role": "system", "content": "Horst Petri (March 18, 1913 – December 12, 1962) and Erna Petri (May 30, 1920 – July 2000) were married Nazi war criminals during World War II."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Erna Petri was the wife of a sadistic SS officer. Although she was a civilian, Erna actively participated in the murder of Jews herself. She once encountered six Jewish boys, ages 6-12, who'd escaped from a train headed for a death camp. Erna personally took them into the woods and executed them.\n\n[Horst and Erna Petri - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horst_and_Erna_Petri)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I always wonder when I read such stories, how the general populace claimed horror and ignorance when the Concentration camps were liberated. It could not have been possible without the knowledge and support of these people.\n\nI guess the lesson in all of this is that propaganda is a great tool to mislead and misguide human beings.", "name": "Ethan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Are you aware of the rape that goes on in the prison you live next to? To people who are in there for victimless 'crimes'? People give the state special rights and rarely think on it after that.", "name": "Valerie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I dont necessarily disagree with your point here. But, I also want to define the sheer scale of displacement and persecution in Germany at the time. It is hard not to be aware and not to have abetted to these crimes. I read Anne Franks diary and some context surrounding that. It seemed like common knowledge all the way in Netherlands so I dont understand how non Jewish people were unaware in Germany.", "name": "Ruby"}]

12yoz04

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

jhpls8q

[{"role": "system", "content": "National Masturbation Day, also known as International Masturbation Day, is an annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\". The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students.International Masturbation Day has since been expanded to include the entire month of May as International Masturbation Month. In 2023, in honor of Magic Wand's 55th Anniversary and in conjunction with Masturbation May #truemagicwand was started on May 20th."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# International Masturbation Day: An annual event held to protect and celebrate the \"right to masturbate\".\n\n[National Masturbation Day - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Masturbation_Day)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": ">The first National Masturbation Day was May 7, 1995, after sex-positive retailer Good Vibrations declared the day in honor of Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders, who was fired by President Bill Clinton in 1994 for suggesting masturbation be part of the sex education curriculum for students."}, {"role": "user", "content": "A whole day seems a bit much ", "name": "Peyton"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "[ In 2009, Masanobu Sato masturbated for 9 hours and 58 minutes at the 9th annual World Masturbate-a-thon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice))."}, {"role": "user", "content": "How am i just now discovering theres an annual World Masterbate-a-thon\n\nsomeone in marketing really dropped the ball with that one", "name": "Trevor"}]

yv61mv

t5_2qh3b

VerGuy

iwcyopm

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Aztecs ( AZ-teks) were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Aztec people included different ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries. Aztec culture was organized into city-states (altepetl), some of which joined to form alliances, political confederations, or empires. The Aztec Empire was a confederation of three city-states established in 1427: Tenochtitlan, city-state of the Mexica or Tenochca, Texcoco, and Tlacopan, previously part of the Tepanec empire, whose dominant power was Azcapotzalco. Although the term Aztecs is often narrowly restricted to the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, it is also broadly used to refer to Nahua polities or peoples of central Mexico in the prehispanic era, as well as the Spanish colonial era (1521–1821). The definitions of Aztec and Aztecs have long been the topic of scholarly discussion ever since German scientist Alexander von Humboldt established its common usage in the early 19th century.Most ethnic groups of central Mexico in the post-classic period shared basic cultural traits of Mesoamerica, and so many of the traits that characterize Aztec culture cannot be said to be exclusive to the Aztecs. For the same reason, the notion of \"Aztec civilization\" is best understood as a particular horizon of a general Mesoamerican civilization. The culture of central Mexico includes maize cultivation, the social division between nobility (pipiltin) and commoners (macehualtin), a pantheon (featuring Tezcatlipoca, Tlaloc, and Quetzalcoatl), and the calendric system of a xiuhpohualli of 365 days intercalated with a tonalpohualli of 260 days. Particular to the Mexica of Tenochtitlan was the patron God Huitzilopochtli, twin pyramids, and the ceramic styles known as Aztec I to IV.From the 13th century, the Valley of Mexico was the heart of dense population and the rise of city-states. The Mexica were late-comers to the Valley of Mexico, and founded the city-state of Tenochtitlan on unpromising islets in Lake Texcoco, later becoming the dominant power of the Aztec Triple Alliance or Aztec Empire. It was an empire that expanded its political hegemony far beyond the Valley of Mexico, conquering other city states throughout Mesoamerica in the late post-classic period. It originated in 1427 as an alliance between the city-states Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan; these allied to defeat the Tepanec state of Azcapotzalco, which had previously dominated the Basin of Mexico. Soon Texcoco and Tlacopan were relegated to junior partnership in the alliance, with Tenochtitlan the dominant power. The empire extended its reach by a combination of trade and military conquest. It was never a true territorial empire controlling a territory by large military garrisons in conquered provinces, but rather dominated its client city-states primarily by installing friendly rulers in conquered territories, by constructing marriage alliances between the ruling dynasties, and by extending an imperial ideology to its client city-states. Client city-states paid taxes, not tribute to the Aztec emperor, the Huey Tlatoani, in an economic strategy limiting communication and trade between outlying polities, making them dependent on the imperial center for the acquisition of luxury goods. The political clout of the empire reached far south into Mesoamerica conquering polities as far south as Chiapas and Guatemala and spanning Mesoamerica from the Pacific to the Atlantic oceans.\nThe empire reached its maximal extent in 1519, just prior to the arrival of a small group of Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés. Cortés allied with city-states opposed to the Mexica, particularly the Nahuatl-speaking Tlaxcalteca as well as other central Mexican polities, including Texcoco, its former ally in the Triple Alliance. After the fall of Tenochtitlan on 13 August 1521 and the capture of the emperor Cuauhtémoc, the Spanish founded Mexico City on the ruins of Tenochtitlan. From there, they proceeded with the process of conquest and incorporation of Mesoamerican peoples into the Spanish Empire. With the destruction of the superstructure of the Aztec Empire in 1521, the Spanish used the city-states on which the Aztec Empire had been built, to rule the indigenous populations via their local nobles. Those nobles pledged loyalty to the Spanish crown and converted, at least nominally, to Christianity, and, in return, were recognized as nobles by the Spanish crown. Nobles acted as intermediaries to convey taxes and mobilize labor for their new overlords, facilitating the establishment of Spanish colonial rule.Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City; from indigenous writings; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo; and especially from 16th- and 17th-century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous illustrated, bilingual (Spanish and Nahuatl), twelve-volume Florentine Codex created by the Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagún, in collaboration with indigenous Aztec informants. Important for knowledge of post-conquest Nahuas was the training of indigenous scribes to write alphabetic texts in Nahuatl, mainly for local purposes under Spanish colonial rule. At its height, Aztec culture had rich and complex philosophical, mythological, and religious traditions, as well as achieving remarkable architectural and artistic accomplishments.\n\nThe history of chocolate dates back over 5,000 years. The cacao tree is native to the tropics of the Americas. The cocoa bean was first domesticated at least 5,300 years ago in what is present-day southeast Ecuador (Zamora-Chinchipe Province) by the Mayo-Chinchipe culture, before being introduced in Mesoamerica. Originally prepared as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree. In Mesoamerica, it was believed to be an aphrodisiac and to give the drinker strength. Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the south of Mexico and the north triangle of Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras). After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people. In the 20th century, chocolate was considered essential in the rations of United States soldiers during war.The word \"chocolate\" comes from the Classical Nahuatl word xocolātl, meaning bitter (xoco) water (atl), and entered the English language via the Spanish chocolate."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Aztecs associated cacao with the god Quetzalcoatl, who they believed had been condemned by the other gods for sharing chocolate with humans.\n\n[History of chocolate - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chocolate)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Prometheus stole fire. Quetzacoatl stole chocolate. We all have our priorities.", "name": "Addison"}, {"role": "user", "content": "And Satan gave us the fruit from Tree of Life.\n\nEvery religion has a \"rebellious deity curses/gifts humans with something against the wishes of the other immortals\" figure.", "name": "Hailey"}]

j5z6pj

t5_2umfr

demosthenes131

g7vlr2n

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Ann Marie Burr disappeared from her home on 8/31/61. She may have been abducted and murdered by Ted Bundy who also lived in Tacoma at the time. Bundy was 14 years old and working a paper route that included the Burr home.\n\n[Disappearance of Ann Marie Burr - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Ann_Marie_Burr?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I do not care for this Ted Bundy character", "name": "Camila"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He sounds like - and i dont say this often - a real butthead", "name": "Tristan"}]

mvflnd

t5_2qh3b

laviniahyatt81

gvchab7

[{"role": "system", "content": "Sir Charles William Feilden Hamilton (26 July 1899 – 30 March 1978) was a New Zealand engineer who developed the modern jetboat, and founded the water jet manufacturing company, CWF Hamilton Ltd.\nHamilton never claimed to have invented the jet boat. He once said \"I do not claim to have invented marine jet propulsion. The honour belongs to a gentleman named Archimedes, who lived some years ago.\" What he did was refine the design enough to produce the first useful modern jet boat."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Bill Hamilton developed modern jetboats since no existing boats could navigate the shallow, fast flowing rivers of New Zealand. He took his boats to the USA for demonstrations amidst criticism from the media. In 1960 his boats became the first and only boats to travel up the grand canyon.\n\n[Bill Hamilton (engineer) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Hamilton_(engineer)#Jet_boats)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How can you have an article entry with something as cool sounding as a Jetboat and not have any pictures?\n\nEdit:\n\nI know exactly what modern Jetboats look like these days, I just hate that they didn't include the pictures of the original Jetboat(s) that were described in the original post.", "name": "Tiffany"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[I found some photos, not sure about licensing though](https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn6.nzgeo.com%2F2009%2F07%2F98_BillHamilton_Header-2000x1333.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzgeo.com%2Fstories%2Fbill-hamilton%2F&tbnid=gAXftBEkFcBaVM&vet=12ahUKEwirouOK7o_wAhXvAzQIHW8eDo8QMygBegUIARCkAQ..i&docid=OeWbroBTUg9xFM&w=2000&h=1333&itg=1&q=bill%20hamilton%20jet%20boat&ved=2ahUKEwirouOK7o_wAhXvAzQIHW8eDo8QMygBegUIARCkAQ)", "name": "Leah"}]

oleldr

t5_2umfr

somnum_osseus

h5ef0ev

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Ycu Bolaos supermarket fire was a disastrous fire that occurred on 1 August 2004 in Asuncin, Paraguay. After the fire broke out, exits were locked to prevent people from stealing merchandise. Over 300 people were killed.\n\n[Ycuá Bolaños supermarket fire - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ycu%C3%A1_Bola%C3%B1os_supermarket_fire?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Siri, show me capitalism.", "name": "Maria"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Siri show me 50 million dead under socialism"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Okay Google show me how many have died from wars, colonialism and violence created by capitalism in the 20th century? Oh it's 100 million", "name": "Vanessa"}]

fwpkk0

t5_2umfr

demosthenes131

fmquz48

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The country was a successor state to the Russian Empire; it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR, but in practice both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. As a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, it was a flagship communist state.\nThe country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, which saw the Bolsheviks overthrow the Russian Provisional Government that formed earlier that year following the February Revolution that had dissolved the Russian Empire. The new government, led by Vladimir Lenin, established the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the world's first constitutionally socialist state. Persisting internal tensions escalated into the brutal Russian Civil War. As the war progressed in the Bolsheviks' favor, the RSFSR began to incorporate land acquired from the war into nominally independent states, which were merged into the Soviet Union in December 1922. Following Lenin's death in 1924, Joseph Stalin came to power. Stalin inaugurated a period of rapid industrialization and forced collectivization that led to significant economic growth, but also contributed to a famine in 1930–1933 that killed millions. The forced labour camp system of the Gulag was also expanded in this period. During the late 1930s, Stalin conducted the Great Purge to remove his actual and perceived opponents. In 1939 the USSR and Nazi Germany signed the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact which sought to bring peaceful relations to the respective countries, despite their ideological incongruence. Nonetheless, in 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in the largest land invasion in history, opening the Eastern Front of World War II. The Soviet civilian and military casualties of the war – estimated at 27 million people – accounted for the majority of Allied losses. In the aftermath of World War II, the Soviet Union consolidated the territory occupied by the Red Army, forming various Soviet satellite states and undertook rapid economic development which cemented its status as a superpower.\nFollowing World War II, ideological tensions with the United States eventually led to the Cold War. The Western Bloc, led by the United States, coalesced into NATO in 1949; this development prompted the Soviet Union to form its own military alliance, commonly known as the Warsaw Pact, in 1955. During this period, there was no direct military confrontation between the two organizations; instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis and through proxy wars. In 1953, following Stalin's death, the Soviet Union undertook a campaign of de-Stalinization under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev which saw reversals and rejections of Stalinist policies. This campaign caused tensions with Communist China. During the 1950s, the Soviet Union rapidly expanded its efforts in space exploration and took an early lead in the Space Race with the first artificial satellite, the first human spaceflight, the first space station, and the first probe to land on another planet (Venus).\nIn 1968, the Warsaw Pact saw its largest military engagement: the invasion of Czechoslovakia, a Warsaw Pact member state. The aftermath of the invasion led to the establishment of the Brezhnev Doctrine. In the 1970s, there was a brief détente in the Soviet Union's relationship with the United States, but tensions emerged again following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. In the mid-1980s, the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, sought to reform the country through his policies of glasnost and perestroika. In 1989, various countries of the Warsaw Pact overthrew their Marxist–Leninist regimes, and nationalist and separatist movements erupted across the entire Soviet Union. In 1991, Gorbachev initiated a national referendum, boycotted by six Soviet republics. In the referendum, citizens voted in favour of preserving the country as a renewed federation. In August 1991, hardline members of the Communist Party staged a coup d'état against Gorbachev; however, the attempt failed, leading to the subsequent banning of the Communist Party. Following this development, the three Soviet constituent republics (Ukraine, Russia, and Belarus) with the largest economies and populations voted to secede from the Union. On December 26, Gorbachev officially recognized the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Boris Yeltsin, the leader of the RSFSR, oversaw its reconstitution into the Russian Federation, which became the Soviet Union's successor state. All other republics emerged as fully independent post-Soviet states.\nDuring its existence, the Soviet Union produced many significant social and technological achievements and innovations. It had the world's second-largest economy and largest standing military. An NPT-designated state, it housed the largest arsenal of nuclear weapons in the world. As an Allied nation, it was a founding member of the United Nations as well as one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. Before the dissolution, the country had maintained its status as one of the world's two superpowers through its hegemony in Eastern Europe, military and economic strengths and scientific research.\n\nExperiments in the Revival of Organisms (Russian: О́пыты по оживле́нию органи́зма) is a 1940 documentary film directed by David Yashin that purports to document Soviet research into the resuscitation of clinically dead organisms. The English version of the film begins with British scientist J. B. S. Haldane giving an introduction. \nThe operations in the film, as well as the design of the heart-lung machine demonstrated in it, the autojektor, were done by Sergei Brukhonenko, whose work is said to have led to the first operations on heart valves. While the experiments shown are generally considered to have taken place, the legitimacy of the film itself is controversial."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Experiments in the Revival of Organisms a 1940 motion picture which documents Soviet research into the resuscitation of clinically dead organisms\n\n[Experiments in the Revival of Organisms - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiments_in_the_Revival_of_Organisms)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I cant help but be horribly curious about whether this would work On a human head in any capacity. But Im also horribly traumatised from a recent death so, maybe my brain just hates me", "name": "Kaleb"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It depends on what you consider life. You can reanimate a corpse with significant brain damage but will still react to stimuli. Does it have consciousness? No, but the nerves still work. The question is, why?", "name": "Juliana"}]

y00fj3

t5_2qh3b

Karbala_Karbala

irq6n7q

[{"role": "system", "content": "Saeed Toosi (Persian: سعید طوسی, romanized: Saʿīd Tusi) is a prominent Iranian Qur'an reciter and teacher. He is winner of the several first prizes in both local and international competitions, notably the 1998 International Quran Recital Competition.\nToosi has been referred to as Ali Khamenei's \"favourite Qu'ranic reciter\". In 2016 Toosi was accused of \"sexually abusing underage trainees\", which was considered the first case of its kind in Iran."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# When Supreme Leader of Iran Khamenei's favourite Qu'ranic reciter was accused of sexually abusing nineteen of his students, he spent years trying to cover up the scandal and then eventually made sure the charges were dropped.\n\n[Saeed Toosi - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeed_Toosi)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I didn't know he's Republican.", "name": "Cooper"}, {"role": "user", "content": "They have a lot in common", "name": "Nicolas"}]

d3afkq

t5_2qh3b

Tokyono

f02ayeb

[{"role": "system", "content": "Gaius Julius Caesar (, SEE-zər; Latin: [ˈɡaːiʊs ˈjuːliʊs ˈkae̯sar]; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.\nIn 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey formed the First Triumvirate, an informal political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years. Their attempts to amass political power were opposed by many in the Senate, among them Cato the Younger with the private support of Cicero. Caesar rose to become one of the most powerful politicians in the Roman Republic through a string of military victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, which greatly extended Roman territory. During this time he both invaded Britain and built a bridge across the river Rhine. These achievements and the support of his veteran army threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey, who had realigned himself with the Senate after the death of Crassus in 53 BC. With the Gallic Wars concluded, the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome. In 49 BC, Caesar openly defied the Senate's authority by crossing the Rubicon and marching towards Rome at the head of an army. This began Caesar's civil war, which he won, leaving him in a position of near-unchallenged power and influence in 45 BC.\nAfter assuming control of government, Caesar began a programme of social and governmental reform, including the creation of the Julian calendar. He gave citizenship to many residents of far regions of the Roman Republic. He initiated land reforms to support his veterans and initiated an enormous building programme. In early 44 he was proclaimed \"dictator for life\" (dictator perpetuo). Fearful of his power and domination of the state, a group of senators led by Brutus and Cassius assassinated Caesar on the Ides of March (15 March) 44 BC. A new series of civil wars broke out and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored. Caesar's great-nephew and adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in the last civil war of the Roman Republic. Octavian set about solidifying his power, and the era of the Roman Empire began.\nCaesar was an accomplished author and historian as well as a statesman; much of his life is known from his own accounts of his military campaigns. Other contemporary sources include the letters and speeches of Cicero and the historical writings of Sallust. Later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also important sources. Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. His cognomen was subsequently adopted as a synonym for \"Emperor\"; the title \"Caesar\" was used throughout the Roman Empire, giving rise to modern descendants such as Kaiser and Tsar. He has frequently appeared in literary and artistic works.\n\nCilician pirates dominated the Mediterranean Sea from the 2nd century BC until their suppression by Pompey in 67–66 BC. Because there were notorious pirate strongholds in Cilicia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), the term \"Cilician\" was long used to generically refer to any pirates in the Mediterranean."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# When Julius Caesar was a young man, he was captured by pirates and ransomed. Insulted by the low sum of money they offered for him, he decided to crucify them for after being freed. After his friends paid his ransom, Caesar assembled a small army and captured the Pirates, then crucified them.\n\n[Cilician pirates - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilician_pirates#Julius_Caesar)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He was insulted by the sum of money they *demanded* for him, not offered.", "name": "Gabriela"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The whole title is a mess.", "name": "Isabelle"}]

y5dove

t5_2umfr

longer_than_hallways

iskcvxg

[{"role": "system", "content": "Junko Furuta (Japanese: 古田 順子, romanized: Furuta Junko; 18 January 1971 – 4 January 1989) was a Japanese high school student who was abducted, raped, tortured and subsequently murdered. Her case was called the \"concrete-encased high school girl murder case\" (女子高生コンクリート詰め殺人事件), since her body was discovered in a concrete drum. The abuse was mainly perpetrated by four male teenagers: Hiroshi Miyano, Jō Ogura, Nobuharu Minato, and Yasushi Watanabe, over a period of 40 days from 25 November 1988 to 4 January 1989. The crime has been described as the worst case of juvenile delinquency in post-war Japan. The perpetrators' sentences ranged from juvenile detention to 20 years in prison."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# On November 25, 1988, Junko Furuta was riding her bike from work when she was abducted by Hiroshi Miyano who later tortured her and had her raped over 500 times by hundreds of different men over a period of 40 days. After setting her on fire, they hid her body in a drum and filled it with concrete.\n\n[Murder of Junko Furuta - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Junko_Furuta)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "**ABSOLUTE FUCKING WARNING !**\n\nDon't read this because this will stay with you forever. \n\nThe most demonic case imo.", "name": "Tiffany"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I read about this a few years ago and its still the worst thing I ever read. The second worst was that woman in South Africa: reader beware: https://allthatsinteresting.com/alison-botha", "name": "Lillian"}]

w0j5fj

t5_2umfr

Shaun_Ryder

igf7m4j

[{"role": "system", "content": "Garry Hoy (January 28, 1954 – July 9, 1993) was a Canadian lawyer who died when he fell from the 24th floor of his office building at the Toronto-Dominion Centre in Toronto, Ontario. In an attempt to prove to a group of prospective articling students that the building's glass windows were unbreakable, he threw himself against the glass. The glass did not break when he hit it, but the window frame gave way and Hoy fell to his death."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Garry Hoy : In an attempt to prove to a group of prospective articling students that the glass windows on the 24th floor of the Toronto-Dominion Centre were unbreakable, he threw himself against the glass. The glass did not break when he hit it, but the window frame gave way and he fell to his death\n\n[Death of Garry Hoy - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Garry_Hoy)"}, {"role": "user", "content": " I wonder what he thought as it popped out of the frame? Hard to feel sympathy when you do something that bloody stupid tbh.", "name": "Charles"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He who has not sinned shall throw the first stone.\n\nI flew a kite as a thunderstorm flew in. Sounds dumb. Less dumb when you consider a buddy and myself were trying for over an hour to get a kite up that he just bought to no avail. All of a sudden the wind picked up and we finally got the kite up and it was a ton of fun. As the winds got more, it was more fun. Then we saw lightning and did only one or two more. Plus, I wasn't a child, I was an adult in a PhD program lol. Still dumb, but hopefully less dumb.\n\nAlso, whats the fun of a window that can withstand that type of abuse if you don't abuse it? He did this on the reg for all new students. My guess is he slowly worked up to full fledged jumping. Then took it too far, or the window loosened over time. Sucks man. He lost his life over a dumb mistake and forever will go down in the annals of time as a moron.", "name": "Karina"}]

lb0jgx

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

glriy06

[{"role": "system", "content": "In American politics, \"Sedition Caucus\", \"Treason Caucus\", or \"Seditious Caucus\" is a pejorative term for the Republican members of the 117th United States Congress who voted against the certification of Joe Biden's victory in the 2020 presidential election. The votes, triggered by representatives objecting to the electoral results from Arizona and Pennsylvania, occurred hours after rioters supporting incumbent president Donald Trump stormed the Capitol building to disrupt the vote. The term, referring to a Congressional caucus, does not refer to a formal group. Rather, it implies that the members of Congress who voted to object are in favor of or guilty of sedition, and had a direct or indirect role in the Capitol storming. It originated with the media, and has been used by political opponents of the Republicans, but also by scholars.\nWhile the term was originally used to describe members of Congress who voted against the certification of the electoral vote in the 2020 presidential election, its use has since become somewhat broader (but still related to the aftermath of the 2021 Capitol attack). For example, it was used to describe the senators who voted \"not guilty\" in the second impeachment trial of Donald Trump."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Sedition Caucus is a pejorative term for Republican members of Congress who voted against the certification of Joe Biden's victory in the 2020 presidential election\n\n[Sedition Caucus - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedition_Caucus)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Feels like we are getting history book terms in real time here", "name": "Anna"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I only wonder why the names are not written in the wiki\n\nEdit: thanks Reddit! The wiki page was edited and the names added!", "name": "Allison"}]

12yj6nv

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

jho5n6y

[{"role": "system", "content": "Alcohol flush reaction is a condition in which a person develops flushes or blotches associated with erythema on the face, neck, shoulders, ears, and in some cases, the entire body after consuming alcoholic beverages. The reaction is the result of an accumulation of acetaldehyde, a metabolic byproduct of the catabolic metabolism of alcohol, and is caused by an aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 deficiency.This syndrome has been associated with lower than average rates of alcoholism, possibly due to its association with adverse effects after drinking alcohol. However, it has also been associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer in those who do drink.The reaction is also termed \"Asian flush\" due to its frequent occurrence in East Asians, with approximately 30 to 50% of Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans showing characteristic physiological responses to drinking alcohol that includes facial flushing, nausea, headaches and a fast heart rate. The condition may be also highly prevalent in some Southeast Asian and Inuit populations."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Alcohol flush reaction is a condition in which a person develops blotches on the face after consuming alcoholic beverages. So-called \"Asian Flush\" or \"Asian Glow\" is common in East Asians, occuring in 30 to 50% of Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans.\n\n[Alcohol flush reaction - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_flush_reaction)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Gotta take that Pepcid", "name": "Genesis"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Is that something people take to combat this? I get it occasionally after heavy prolonged periods of drinking (ie: multiple day wedding activities etc).", "name": "Samuel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Circa 2011 most of my asian friends would get the glow, and would take Pepcid before drinking. Does it work? Couldnt tell ya. Try it and report your findings", "name": "Alexandra"}]

r98m9t

t5_2umfr

fluke_man

hnauo6n

[{"role": "system", "content": "The murder of Jasmine Fiore occurred on August 15, 2009. Fiore was a model from Santa Cruz, California, United States. Her body was discovered on August 15, 2009, after having been strangled and stuffed into a suitcase. Her remains had been mutilated to prevent recognition; she was eventually identified by the serial numbers of her breast implants. Fiore was 28 years old at the time of her death.\nHer husband, a former reality TV contestant, Ryan Alexander Jenkins, was the only suspect, and was formally charged with the murder. On August 23, 2009, Jenkins was found dead in a hotel room in Hope, British Columbia, Canada, after committing suicide at age 32."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The murder of Jasmine Fiore occurred on August 15, 2009. Fiore was a Playboy model. Her body was discovered on August 15, 2009, strangled and stuffed into a suitcase. Her remains had been mutilated to prevent recognition; she was eventually identified by the serial numbers of her breast implants.\n\n[Murder of Jasmine Fiore - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Jasmine_Fiore)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "That's my cousin. It's crazy to be famous for getting gruesomely murdered. She pops up every once in a while on Reddit. There's always at least one asshole in the comments.", "name": "Shane"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": " goes out to your family"}]

pjr8xf

t5_2umfr

suissaccassius

hbzid1r

[{"role": "system", "content": "Bokito (14 March 1996 – 4 April 2023) was a male western gorilla born in captivity that lived most of his life in Diergaarde Blijdorp zoo in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He became the subject of considerable media coverage after breaking out of his enclosure on 18 May 2007, abducting a female visitor and severely injuring her.\nBokito was born in the Zoologischer Garten, Berlin, Germany, and was abandoned by his mother at birth. He was then raised by human attendants. To avoid the risk of inbreeding, he was transferred to Rotterdam in August 2005, where the mauling incident later took place.\nIn November 2021, Bokito and other gorillas of his family became infected with COVID-19."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Bokito (gorilla) became the subject of considerable media coverage after abducting a female visitor and severely injuring her. The woman who was attacked had been a regular visitor, claiming a special bond with him: in an interview she said, \"When I smile at him, he smiles back\".\n\n[Bokito (gorilla) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokito_(gorilla))"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "The woman who was attacked had been a regular visitor to the great apes' enclosure, visiting an average of four times per week. She had a habit of touching the glass that separated the public from the gorillas, while making eye contact with Bokito and smiling at him. \n\nAlthough smiling is often associated with submissive or non-aggressive behavior in gorillas, eye contact is a practice that is discouraged by primatologists, as apes are likely to interpret eye contact as a challenge or a form of aggressive display. Zoo employees had previously warned her against doing this, but she continued."}, {"role": "user", "content": "> Zoo employees had previously warned her against doing this, but she continued.\n\n\"Please stop doing that, it's dangerous!\"\n\n\"I have a precious bond with Bokito! He's my husband reincarnated!\"\n\n\"Eye contact is a sign of aggression to gorillas!\"\n\n\"My Facebook research says otherwise! I'm an expert!\"", "name": "Ellie"}]

1bi8i8j

t5_2qh3b

Cicada1205

kvjcqtf

[{"role": "system", "content": "United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola, 241 U.S. 265 (1916), was a federal suit under which the government unsuccessfully attempted to force the Coca-Cola Company to remove caffeine from its product."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola was a federal suit under which the government unsuccessfully attempted to force the Coca-Cola Company to remove caffeine from its product.\n\n[United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Forty_Barrels_and_Twenty_Kegs_of_Coca-Cola)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I love funny case names like this", "name": "Riley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Youd probably like the page on [in rem jurisdiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_rem_jurisdiction?wprov=sfti1) then, which covers cases like this that determine the legality of objects. This page includes my personal favorite case title, [The United States v. Article Consisting of 50,000 Cardboard Boxes More or Less, Each Containing One Pair of Clapper Balls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Article_Consisting_of_50,000_Cardboard_Boxes_More_or_Less,_Each_Containing_One_Pair_of_Clacker_Balls?wprov=sfti1#)", "name": "Kelsey"}]

10g7bp8

t5_2umfr

Morbid_Man1

j52hide

[{"role": "system", "content": "Kimberly Clark Saenz (born November 3, 1973), also known as Kimberly Clark Fowler, is a former licensed practical nurse and a convicted serial killer. She was convicted of killing several patients at a Texas dialysis center by injecting bleach into their dialysis lines."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# On April 2nd 2012, Texas nurse Kimberly Clark Saenz was sentenced to life in prison for killing 5 of her dialysis patients by injecting bleach into their dialysis lines! She was convicted for 5 murders and 5 attempted murders for injecting 5 other patients who survived.\n\n[Kimberly Clark Saenz - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberly_Clark_Saenz)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Jesus Christ, Im sitting in my dialysis chair right now. New fear unlocked."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Just keep an eye on those nurses and syringes.", "name": "Melanie"}]

qjp2tl

t5_2umfr

AfroSarah

hisfzw4

[{"role": "system", "content": "Veryovkina Cave (also spelled Verëvkina Cave, Abkhaz: Вериовкин иҳаԥы, Georgian: ვერიოვკინის მღვიმე, romanized: veriovk'inis mghvime) is a cave in Abkhazia, internationally recognized as part of Georgia. At 2,223 meters (7,257 ft) deep, it is the deepest-known cave on Earth. Veryovkina is in the Arabika Massif, in the Gagra mountain range of the Western Caucasus, on the pass between the Krepost and Zont mountains, close to the slopes of Mount Krepost. Its entrance is 2,285 metres (7,497 ft) above sea level. The entrance of the cave has a cross section of 3 m × 4 m (9.8 ft × 13.1 ft), and the depth of the entrance shaft is 32 metres (105 ft)."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# In 2021, a research team on an expedition into the world's deepest cave discovered the body of a tourist at a depth of -1100m\n\n[Veryovkina Cave - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veryovkina_Cave)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "> \"Perovo\" expedition found a body of a tourist at 1,100 meters (3,600 ft). He was later identified as Sergei Kozeev, who left his home in Sochi (Russia) on 1 November 2020 and began descent into Veryovkina, where he spent around a week at a 600 meters (2,000 ft) permanent camp [...]\n\nThe guy established a *permanent* camp? What the fuck? Was he planning on spending the rest of his life inside that cave? Holy shit, either he was batshit, straight up suicidal or a bit of both. Goddamn, that's strange.\n\nBtw, getting stuck and dying inside a cave like that is *the* last way I want to go. Throw me on a bonfire at burn me to death before you get me stuck alone in a fucking cave. Oh my god.", "name": "Wesley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I don't think that's what \"permanent\" means in this case. Pretty sure it just means a camp he'd go back to after diving deeper, rather than a mobile camp he took with him each time.", "name": "Mason"}]

ldvh0q

t5_2qh3b

pier4r

gm8uehs

[{"role": "system", "content": "Multiple organizations of the Dune universe dominate the political, religious, and social arena of the setting of Frank Herbert's Dune series of science fiction novels, and derivative works. Set tens of thousands of years in the future, the saga chronicles a civilization which has banned computers but has also developed advanced technology and mental and physical abilities through physical training, eugenics and the use of the drug melange. Specialized groups of individuals have aligned themselves in organizations focusing on specific abilities, technology and goals. Herbert's concepts of human evolution and technology have been analyzed and deconstructed in at least one book, The Science of Dune (2008). His originating 1965 novel Dune is popularly considered one of the greatest science fiction novels of all time, and is frequently cited as the best-selling science fiction novel in history. Dune and its five sequels by Herbert explore the complex and multilayered interactions of politics, religion, ecology and technology, among other themes.\n\nWe've a three-point civilization: the Imperial Household balanced against the Federated Great Houses of the Landsraad, and between them, the Guild with its damnable monopoly on interstellar transport.\nAs Frank Herbert's Dune (1965) begins, the known universe is ruled by Shaddam IV, the 81st Padishah Emperor of House Corrino, whose power is secured by his control of the Sardaukar, his brutally efficient military force. Imperial power is balanced by the assembly of noble houses called the Landsraad, which enforces the Great Convention's ban on the use of atomics against human targets. Though the power of House Corrino is unrivaled by any other individual House, they are in constant competition with each other for political power and stakes in the omnipresent CHOAM company, a directorship which controls the wealth of the entire Empire. The third primary power in the universe is the Spacing Guild, which monopolizes interstellar travel and banking through its proprietary use of melange-mutated Guild Navigators who perform the necessary computations to safely navigate \"folded space\".The matriarchal Bene Gesserit possess almost superhuman physical, sensory, and deductive powers developed through years of physical and mental conditioning. While positioning themselves to serve mankind, the Bene Gesserit pursue their goal to better the human race by subtly and secretly guiding and manipulating human bloodlines and the affairs of others to serve their own purposes. \"Human computers\" known as Mentats have been developed and perfected to replace the capacity for logical analysis lost through the prohibition of computers. The Bene Tleilax are amoral merchants who traffic in biological and genetically engineered products such as artificial eyes, \"twisted\" Mentats and a type of clone called a ghola. Finally, the Ixians produce cutting-edge technology that seemingly complies with (but sometimes pushes the boundaries of) the prohibitions against computers, thinking machines and conscious robots put in place 10,000 years before as a result of the Butlerian Jihad. The doctors of the Suk School are the universe's most competent and trusted; those who have received the \"Suk Imperial Conditioning\" are incapable of inflicting harm. The Swordmasters of Ginaz are an elite group of master swordsmen whose fighting skills are prized and unmatched. Equally fierce in battle are the native Fremen of the desert planet Arrakis, known as Dune. Naturally honed to excellence in harsh conditions rivaling the planet on which the Imperial Sardaukar are trained, the Fremen are misunderstood and underestimated by the other powers in the universe.Arrakis is the only natural source of the all-important spice melange, and by leading the Fremen to seize control of the planet in Dune, Paul Atreides is able to depose Shaddam and become ruler of the known universe. With a bloody jihad subsequently unleashed across the universe in Paul's name but out of his control, the Bene Gesserit, Tleilaxu, Spacing Guild and House Corrino plot to dethrone him in Dune Messiah (1969). Seeing the eventual extinction of mankind through prescient vision, in Children of Dune (1976) Paul's son Leto II devises a plan to save humanity but becomes a symbiote with the sandworm of Arrakis to gain the extended lifespan needed to see this plan to its end.Thirty-five hundred years later in God Emperor of Dune (1981), Leto still rules the universe as a benevolent tyrant, with the help of his all-female army, the Fish Speakers. He denies any spiritual outlets other than his own compulsory religion, and maintains a tight monopoly on melange and space travel. Through his own selective breeding program among the descendants of his twin sister Ghanima, Leto finally achieves Siona, whose actions are hidden from prescient vision. He engineers his own assassination, knowing it will result in rebellion and revolt but also in an explosion in travel and colonization. The resultant chaos and severe famine on many worlds cause trillions of humans to set off into the freedom of unknown space and spread out across the universe in a diaspora later called the Scattering.\nFifteen hundred years later, as Heretics of Dune (1984) begins, the balance of power in the Empire rests among the Ixians, the Bene Gesserit and the Tleilaxu. The Spacing Guild has been forever weakened by the development of Ixian machines capable of navigation in foldspace, practically replacing Guild Navigators. Ixians are at their apex with their alliance with the Fish Speakers; but Bene Gesserit analysts see them as a failing power, because Ixian society has become a bureaucracy and no great inventions have come out of the workshops of Ix for centuries. The Bene Gesserit control the sandworms and their planet, now called Rakis, through their influence over the Rakian Priesthood that worships the sandworms as the Divided God, Leto II, and now actively participate on interstellar politics and even have their own standing armies. But the Tleilaxu have also discovered how to synthetically produce melange, and they are preparing to subjugate the rest of humanity. As a large influx of people begin to return from the Scattering, the Bene Gesserit find their match in a violent and corrupt matriarchal society known as the Honored Matres. A bitter and bloody war erupts between the orders, but in Chapterhouse: Dune (1985) it ultimately becomes clear that joining the two organizations into a single New Sisterhood with shared abilities is their best chance at survival against the approaching enemy who had driven the Honored Matres into the Old Empire."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# A Mentat is a fictional type of human, presented in Frank Herbert's science fiction Dune universe. In an interstellar society that fears a resurgence of artificial intelligence and thus prohibits computers, Mentats are specially trained to mimic the cognitive and analytical ability of computers\n\n[Organizations of the Dune universe - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizations_of_the_Dune_universe#Mentats)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Herbert knew what kind of story he wanted to tell, but he had to come up with some fictional devices to put limits on technology in order to tell it - like the characters in a horror film who conveniently break their cell phone, to explain why they can't just call the cops. Unlike most authors he found ways to do this that added to the story instead of subtracting from it.\n\nThat's why lasguns (lasers) cause a huge explosion if they hit a shield, and shields slow down fast objects like kinetic bullets - so now we have hand-to-hand combat. It's why the royal houses have such strong prohibitions against using nuclear weapons, so we have to put armies in the field instead. It's why the Spacer's Guild exists - if the factions had their own starships (as they do in most science fiction) the Harkonnens could have just cleansed Arrakis from orbit, and the Atreides could have just hopped in their spaceship and flown away. \nAnd it's why there's a strong religious prohibition - not just against AI, but against any computer advanced enough to start to resemble AI. One of the themes Herbert wanted to talk about was human evolution and development, and that doesn't really work if your characters can just ask the ship's computer what's going on.", "name": "Valerie"}, {"role": "user", "content": "wonderful explanation! \n\ncan you keep going?", "name": "Jade"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Personally, if you liked that, I'd encourage you to just go ahead and read the book.", "name": "Zoe"}]

zn0bf0

t5_2qh3b

Alex09464367

j0erw0n

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Hunkpapa (Lakota: Húŋkpapȟa) are a Native American group, one of the seven council fires of the Lakota tribe. The name Húŋkpapȟa is a Lakota word, meaning \"Head of the Circle\" (at one time, the tribe's name was represented in European-American records as Honkpapa). By tradition, the Húŋkpapȟa set up their lodges at the entryway to the circle of the Great Council when the Sioux met in convocation. They speak Lakȟóta, one of the three dialects of the Sioux language."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Sitting Bull (c. 1831 - 1890) was a Hunkpapa Lakota leader of indigenous resistance against U.S. settlers, killed by Indian Service police on this day in 1890 after 39 officers attempted to arrest him at his home.\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Despite being the indigenous people, they make up only 2% of the population. Most successful genocide ever.", "name": "Maxwell"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Worst of it was, half the time we didn't even mean to wipe them out. Tribes would get depopulated past the point of no return in failed raids or war parties, or disease would strike, or a food supply would go dry to some boneheaded thing we did without intending it to be that bad, and an entire tribe would die out or scatter.\n\nDon't get me wrong, we did a lot of damage on purpose and collectively we have to take responsibility for it, but the accidental damage that made matters worse far too often was the real tragedy.\n\n Worst of all was the times when we destroyed an entire society by actively trying to help -- we'd either wind up assimilating them until they were majority Christian due to the ones most motivated to help being the religious zealots, or doing more harm than good with agricultural \"reforms\" that weren't a good fit for the land they lived in, or just straight up give them supplies, rob them of their self sufficiency until half the population drowned in alcohol and the other half starved to death.\n\nThere really was no way to win for either side. The whites who cared were outnumbered by the greedy ones and the natives just couldn't defend their land at all in the long term."}, {"role": "user", "content": "IIRC disease wiped out the vast majority of indigenous people in the time between the time the first explorers arrived and the time settlement began. Early settlers reported seeing towns and farms and stuff that were already built and just abandoned. We basically settled a post-apocalyptic world and kicked out the survivors.\n\nIdk if that's 100% accurate though, please do correct if I'm wrong.", "name": "Trenton"}]

10q5q71

t5_2umfr

Morbid_Ways_To_Die

j6q1qzm

[{"role": "system", "content": "Todd Christopher Kohlhepp (né Sampsell; born March 7, 1971) is an American sex offender, mass shooter and serial killer convicted of murdering seven people in South Carolina between 2003 and 2016. In addition, Kohlhepp kidnapped at least one woman, raped another, and claims to have killed many more."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Todd Kohlhepp murdered 4 employees at the Superbike Motorsport in South Carolina, after the employees had \"embarrassed\" him and refused to give him a refund for a motorcycle. 13 years later, he kidnapped 31 year old Kala Brown, keeping her chained to a wall inside a shipping container for 65 days.\n\n[Todd Kohlhepp - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Kohlhepp)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "If you want to see something crazy, watch the interviews with his Mother. I feel for her, she is obviously in a lot of pain but she literally makes excuses for all his murders. \"Well those people were never nice to him, if they had just been nice\" and my personal favorite \"well after those murders, he didn't kill anyone for a long time, he is good!\"", "name": "Ella"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Maybe it means Im horrible, but I dont feel for her at ALL. She literally excused him luring Kala Brown and her boyfriend to his house and killing the boyfriend bc the boyfriend got smart with him. Like that excuses him imprisoning that woman and raping her for MONTHS. Dude is a sick fuck and his mother is horrible for trying to make excuses at all. \n\nReminds me of Robert Pickton, an infamous Canadian serial killer. His entire family was fucked up, but specifically his mother and brother were real pieces of work who also shouldve gone to jail. His brother hit a boy with his truck and drove off, not knowing if the kid was alive or dead. Picktons mother drove back to the kid, found he was still alive, and *rolled him into a flooded ditch* on the side of the road where he *drowned*. Cleaning up after her son. Sick. \n\nThis guys mom seems like she totally wouldve helped him bury a body as long as he told her not my fault, mom! Ugh. \n\nIdk why, but parents who help their pos offspring cover up/so heinous things just infuriates me. Robert Picktons mom, this guys mom, the guy who killed Kristin Smart and his dad, Josh Powell and his shitty dad", "name": "Danielle"}]

bkmh0t

t5_2umfr

demosthenes131

emitnya

[{"role": "system", "content": "Beulah George \"Georgia\" Tann (July 18, 1891 – September 15, 1950), was an American social worker and child trafficker who operated the Tennessee Children's Home Society, an adoption agency in Memphis, Tennessee. Tann used the unlicensed home as a front for her black market baby adoption scheme from the 1920s. Young children were kidnapped and then sold to wealthy families, abused, or—in some instances—murdered. A state investigation into numerous instances of adoption fraud led to the closure of the institution in 1950. Tann died of cancer before the investigation made its findings public."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Georgia Tann ran a black market adoption baby scheme in Memphis TN. She is estimated to have stolen over 5,000 children. Joan Crawford adopted twin daughtersfrom her. Nature Boy Ric Flair was one of the baby's stolen and sold to a rich family.\n\n[Georgia Tann - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_Tann)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Why do people buy kids", "name": "Ethan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "if you can't make your own offspring, store bought's fine", "name": "Gage"}]

9oghgo

t5_2umfr

oldnips

e7x0g3h

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# This is the last painting Thodore Gricault ever did. It shows him gaunt and withered as a result of tuberculosis. He is known for painting the macabre, including portraits of psychiatric patients, severed head and limbs. Many of his family members struggled with insanity, including himself.\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Hereditary mental disease is scary. Almost nothing you can do to prevent it.", "name": "Riley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I'm living with it myself. I elected to not have children and shut myself away to hopefully die alone one day. "}, {"role": "user", "content": "That is a sad fate. I hope it doesn't end up that way for you. No one should have to go through it alone. ", "name": "Eric"}]

wa49ic

t5_2umfr

slinkslowdown

ii0d77f

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Man of the Hole (c. 1960s – c. July 2022), or the Tanaru Indian, was a Native American who lived alone in the Amazon rainforest in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. He was the sole inhabitant of the Tanaru Indigenous Territory, a protected Indigenous Territory demarcated by the Brazilian government in 2007.\nIt is not known what language the Man of the Hole spoke, what his people called themselves, or what his name was. He was the last surviving member of his people following their genocide by Brazilian settlers in the 1970s–1990s and chose to remain isolated until his death in 2022. Living primarily by hunting and gathering and moving frequently, he left behind a deep hole of unknown purpose in each of his former homes, giving rise to his nickname. After surviving a further attack by armed ranchers in 2009, he was found dead in his home in August 2022."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Man of the Hole: a man indigenous to Brazil who lives alone in the Amazon rainforest. He is believed to be the last surviving member of his tribe. \"He should not be seen as a recluse hiding from society. The man is the survivor of a genocide. He didn't choose to live alone.\"\n\n[Man of the Hole - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_of_the_Hole)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How is it genocide? Were they murdered? Serious question.", "name": "Alexandria"}, {"role": "user", "content": "From the article, his tribe was attacked and killed by local ranchers and loggers in the 80s and 90s seeking to expand their operations. The article does admit its uncertain for sure if it was his tribe but notes that the tribe that was attacked had very similar cultural and religious practices to what weve observed this man doing", "name": "Hayden"}]

v2fmdb

t5_2umfr

lightiggy

iasy0jq

[{"role": "system", "content": "Otto Adolf Eichmann ( EYEKH-mən, German: [ˈɔtoː ˈʔaːdɔlf ˈʔaɪçman]; 19 March 1906 – 1 June 1962) was a German-Austrian official of the Nazi Party, an officer of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and one of the major organisers of the Holocaust. He participated in the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, at which the implementation of the genocidal Final Solution to the Jewish Question was planned. Following this, he was tasked by SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the logistics involved in the mass deportation of millions of Jews to Nazi ghettos and Nazi extermination camps across German-occupied Europe. He was captured and detained by the Allies in 1945, but escaped and eventually settled in Argentina. In May 1960, he was tracked down and abducted by Israel's Mossad intelligence agency, and put on trial before the Supreme Court of Israel. The highly publicised Eichmann trial resulted in his conviction in Jerusalem, following which he was executed by hanging in 1962.\nAfter doing poorly in school, Eichmann briefly worked for his father's mining company in Austria, where the family had moved in 1914. He worked as a travelling oil salesman beginning in 1927, and joined both the Nazi Party and the SS in 1932. He returned to Germany in 1933, where he joined the Sicherheitsdienst (SD, \"Security Service\"); there he was appointed head of the department responsible for Jewish affairs – especially emigration, which the Nazis encouraged through violence and economic pressure. After the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, Eichmann and his staff arranged for Jews to be concentrated in ghettos in major cities with the expectation that they would be transported either farther east or overseas. He also drew up plans for a Jewish reservation, first at Nisko in southeast Poland and later in Madagascar, but neither of these plans was carried out.\nThe Nazis began the invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, and their Jewish policy changed from coerced emigration to extermination. To coordinate planning for the genocide, Eichmann's superior Reinhard Heydrich hosted the regime's administrative leaders at the Wannsee Conference on 20 January 1942. Eichmann collected information for him, attended the conference, and prepared the minutes. Eichmann and his staff became responsible for Jewish deportations to extermination camps, where the victims were gassed. After Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, Eichmann oversaw the deportation of much of the Jewish population. Most of the victims were sent to Auschwitz concentration camp, where about 75 per cent were murdered upon arrival. By the time the transports were stopped in July 1944, 437,000 of Hungary's 725,000 Jews had been killed. Dieter Wisliceny testified at Nuremberg that Eichmann told him he would \"leap laughing into the grave because the feeling that he had five million people on his conscience would be for him a source of extraordinary satisfaction.\"After Germany's defeat in 1945, Eichmann was captured by US forces, but he escaped from a detention camp and moved around Germany to avoid recapture. He ended up in a small village in Lower Saxony, where he lived until 1950 when he moved to Argentina using false papers he obtained with help from an organisation directed by Catholic bishop Alois Hudal. Information collected by Mossad, Israel's intelligence agency, confirmed his location in 1960. A team of Mossad and Shin Bet agents captured Eichmann and brought him to Israel to stand trial on 15 criminal charges, including war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes against the Jewish people. During the trial, he did not deny the Holocaust or his role in organising it, but said he was simply following orders in a totalitarian Führerprinzip system. He was found guilty on all of the charges, and was executed by hanging on 1 June 1962. The trial was widely followed in the media and was later the subject of several books, including Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem, in which Arendt coined the phrase \"the banality of evil\" to describe Eichmann."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Sixty years ago today, Adolf Eichmann, one of the primary organizers of the Holocaust, was hanged in Israel. Eichmann, who facilitated at least 437,000 murders, once said he would \"leap laughing into the grave knowing how many people he had killed.\n\n[Adolf Eichmann - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Eichmann)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Unpopular opinion\n\nArgentina, Spain, Brazil and the rest of countries that gave refugee to these scumbag people should apologize for protecting these criminals.", "name": "Jared"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I appreciate a good cup of coffee.", "name": "Wyatt"}]

z64sbf

t5_2qh3b

2-tree

iy0aelh

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Ah, the Cristero War, when the KKK supported the secular Mexican government to try and stop the Catholic separatists from overthrowing the secular government, because they hate Catholics that much\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "How the heck did the Pope get involved?", "name": "Riley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Bc Catholicism", "name": "Caden"}]

10ygvr2

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

jcgda1s

[{"role": "system", "content": "Urethral intercourse or coitus par urethra is sexual penetration of the female urethra by an object such as a penis or a finger. It is not to be confused with urethral sounding, the act of inserting a specialized medical tool into the urethra (for both males and females) as a form of sexual or fetishistic activity.\nThe untrained insertion of foreign bodies into the urethra carries a significant risk that subsequent medical attention may be required. Documented cases of urethral intercourse appear to have occurred between heterosexual couples; a survey of the global medical literature available in 1965 reported accounts of thirteen separate cases. By 2014, 26 cases had been documented in the medical literature, many in people with Müllerian dysgenesis who were engaging in urethral intercourse unknowingly. However, the stretching of the urethra required by this form of intercourse has also reportedly resulted in a complete and permanent loss of urethral sphincter control (urinary incontinence); furthermore such intercourse presents a very high risk of bladder infection to the receptive partner. It can also lead to permanent dilation of the urethra and incontinence during intercourse. Presenting symptoms of unintentional urethral intercourse include primary infertility, dyspareunia (pain during intercourse), and incontinence. More serious consequences include evisceration via the urethra and bladder rupture."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Urethral intercourse or coitus per urethram is sexual penetration of the female urethra by an object such as a penis or a finger. It is not the same thing as urethral sounding, the act of inserting a specialized medical tool into the urethra as a form of sexual or fetishistic activity.\n\n[Urethral intercourse - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urethral_intercourse)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "why anyone would do this is beyond me", "name": "Tristan"}]

x6wed6

t5_2umfr

FloydsForked

inb49me

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Ota Benga was an exhibit at the St Louis Zoo in a cage with an Orangutan\n\n[Ota Benga - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ota_Benga?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Absolutely terrible, but this is kinda funny:\n\n>To enhance the primitive image and presumably protect himself if need be from the ape, he was given a functional bow and arrow. He used this instead to shoot at visitors who mocked him and partially as a result of this the exhibition was ended.", "name": "Jorge"}, {"role": "user", "content": "What a chad he was. RIP", "name": "Hope"}]

dbi221

t5_2umfr

chloecampellone

f22m479

[{"role": "system", "content": "Helle Crafts (English: ; born Helle Lorck Nielsen; July 7, 1947 – November 19, 1986) was a Danish flight attendant who was murdered by her husband, Eastern Air Lines pilot Richard Crafts. Her death led to the state of Connecticut's first murder conviction without the victim's body."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Richard Crafts murdered his wife and put her through a wood chipper. Before she died, she told her friends, If anything happens to me, dont think it was an accident\n\n[Murder of Helle Crafts - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Helle_Crafts)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Only 50 years for this? What a disgusting fucking being."}, {"role": "user", "content": "Going to be out in a little over a year. Pretty wild they let someone like that live among us", "name": "Destiny"}]

11zhx6j

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

jddvr2q

[{"role": "system", "content": "The 15-minute city (FMC or 15mC) is an urban planning concept in which most daily necessities and services, such as work, shopping, education, healthcare, and leisure can be easily reached by a 15-minute walk, bike ride, or public transit ride from any point in the city. This approach aims to reduce car dependency, promote healthy and sustainable living, and improve wellbeing and quality of life for city dwellers.Implementing the 15-minute city concept requires a multi-disciplinary approach, involving transportation planning, urban design, and policymaking, to create well-designed public spaces, pedestrian-friendly streets, and mixed-use development. This change in lifestyle may include remote working which reduces daily commuting and is supported by the recent widespread availability of information and communications technology. The concept has been described as a \"return to a local way of life\".The concept's roots can be traced to pre-modern urban planning traditions where walkability and community living were the primary focus before the advent of street networks and automobiles. In recent times, it builds upon similar pedestrian-centered principles found in New Urbanism, transit-oriented development, and other proposals that promote walkability, mixed-use developments, and compact, livable communities. Numerous models have been proposed about how the concept can be implemented, such as 15-minute cities being built from a series of smaller 5-minute neighborhoods, also known as complete communities or walkable neighborhoods.The concept gained significant traction in recent years after Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo included a plan to implement the 15-minute city concept during her 2020 re-election campaign. Since then, a number of cities worldwide have adopted the same goal and many researchers have used the 15-minute model as a spatial analysis tool to evaluate accessibility levels within the urban fabric.In early 2023, conspiracy theories emerged that described 15-minute cities as instruments of government repression."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The 15-minute city is an urban planning concept in which most daily necessities and services, such as work, shopping, education, healthcare, and leisure can be easily reached by a 15-minute walk or bike ride from any point in the city.\n\n[15-minute city - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15-minute_city)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I dont know why people think this is communism, its literally every city before the 1900s.", "name": "Jada"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Who thinks this is communism?", "name": "Brody"}, {"role": "user", "content": "bots employed by the automotive and oil industries and people duped by them", "name": "Angelina"}]

t3j1le

t5_2qh3b

First_Level_Ranger

hyti2xa

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Russification of Belarus (Belarusian: Русіфікацыя Беларусі, romanized: Rusifikatsyya Byelarusi; Russian: Русификация Беларуси, romanized: Rusifikatsiya Belarusi) denotes a historical process where the integration of Russian language and culture increasingly influenced Belarusian society, especially during the 20th century.This period witnessed a notable rise in the use of the Russian language in education, administration, and public life, often paralleling and sometimes overshadowing the Belarusian cultural and linguistic elements. Russification is one of the major reasons of low rate of adoption of the Belarusian language by Belarusians."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Russification of Belarus is the policy of replacing Belarusian language and culture with Russian analogs. Russification was a policy of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. Since 1995, it has been renewed under Lukashenka. The Russian language is now associated with upward social mobility.\n\n[Russification of Belarus - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification_of_Belarus)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ideally everyone was at least bilingual, native language and global language.\n\nBut unfortunately with limited time and resources, abandoning the native language can easily become practical. As a Norwegian I often thought in my teens that Norwegian was pointless and \"why don't we all just switch to English\"?", "name": "Nevaeh"}]

18g7dwe

t5_2qh3b

C_DRX

kczuwym

[{"role": "system", "content": "Wikipedia is a free-content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the use of the wiki-based editing system MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history. It is consistently ranked as one of the ten most popular websites in the world, and as of 2024 is ranked the fifth most visited website on the Internet by Semrush. Founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American nonprofit organization that employs a staff of over 700 people. Unfortunately, much of the info found on wikipedia is wrong, because the small-minded nerds who run it don't allow CORRECT info to be added to THEIR pages. They jealously guard their little pieces of territory from anyone who would DARE to enter CORRECT info. This is why wikipedia is viewed as an unreliable source of info by people all over the world.\nInitially only available in English, editions in other languages have been developed. Wikipedia's editions, when combined, comprise more than 62 million articles, attracting around 2 billion unique device visits per month and more than 14 million edits per month (about 5.2 edits per second on average) as of November 2023. Roughly 26% of Wikipedia's traffic is from the United States, followed by Japan at 5.9%, the United Kingdom at 5.4%, Germany at 5%, Russia at 4.8%, and the remaining 54% split among other countries, according to data provided by Similarweb.Wikipedia has been praised for its enablement of the democratization of knowledge, extent of coverage, unique structure, and culture. It has been criticized for exhibiting systemic bias, particularly gender bias against women and geographical bias against the Global South (Eurocentrism). While the reliability of Wikipedia was frequently criticized in the 2000s, it has improved over time, receiving greater praise in the late 2010s and early 2020s, having become an important fact-checking site.Wikipedia has been censored by some national governments, ranging from specific pages to the entire site. Articles on breaking news are often accessed as sources for frequently updated information about those events."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# My official and verified Wikipedia app has been renamed and I can't figure why/how.\n\n"}, {"role": "user", "content": "are you kurdish or shilha? thats where the local wikipedia is called wikipidya", "name": "Max"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I don't know if it's even possible to set most phones to minority languages like Kurdish and Tashelhiyt", "name": "Amanda"}]

p0wcz7

t5_2umfr

somnum_osseus

h8bmtm5

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# 14-year-old Roy Tutill disappeared on 23 April 1968 on his way home from school, and was later found dead. In 1996 partial DNA samples were recovered from Tutill's trousers, and in 2000 a match was found to Brian Lunn Field. It is the oldest cold case to be solved in the United Kingdom.\n\n[Murder of Roy Tutill - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Roy_Tutill?wprov=sfla1)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Hope the piece of shit is in a terrible place."}, {"role": "user", "content": "At least he was still alive to be sentenced, bastard probably thought he'd gotten away with it.", "name": "Arianna"}]

ys07el

t5_2qh3b

slinkslowdown

ivxvxwv

[{"role": "system", "content": "Tilly Smith (born 1994) is a British woman who, as a child, was credited with saving the lives of approximately 100 beachgoers at Mai Khao Beach in Thailand by warning them minutes before the arrival of the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Smith, who was ten years old at the time, had learned about tsunamis in her geography class."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Tilly Smith: An English woman credited with saving the lives of about 100 beachgoers at Mai Khao Beach in Thailand by warning them minutes before the arrival of the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Smith,10yo at the time, had learned about tsunamis in her geography class.\n\n[Tilly Smith - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilly_Smith)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Another BS by Wiki. In that part of the world it's well known what causes sudden retreat of the sea by the coast. Everyone local in area knew there is a tsunami on the way. At least once a year they have small tsunamis by the shores when earthquake strikes beneath the sea. The truth is that most of European and American tourists didn't know. On many videos of this catastrophe you can clearly hear local people screaming 'tsunami' by local accent.", "name": "Joel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "While I have no idea if the wiki is correct, I don't see anything in your post that contradicts this? Certainly she could have saved lives even if she wasn't the only one who knew?", "name": "Leonardo"}]

13wfj7r

t5_2qh3b

Downtown-Giraffe-871

jmbg6zg

[{"role": "system", "content": "The National Socialist League (NSL) was a neo-Nazi organization of gay men in the United States that existed from 1974 until 1984. It was originally founded by Jim Cherry, but was quickly taken over by Russell Veh, a neo-Nazi and transplant to Los Angeles, California, from Ohio. Veh financed the party using the profits from his printing business. He also financed the league with a film distribution unit that specialized in Nazi propaganda films, including Triumph of the Will. The National Socialist League had chapters in various parts of California, and implied in their mass mailing on July 4, 1978, that they had established an offshoot organization in Manhattan."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The National Socialist League was a neo-Nazi organization of gay men in the United States that existed from 1974 until 1984.\n\n[National Socialist League (United States) - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Socialist_League_(United_States))"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Ive read it twice, and still cant figure out why it was. \n\nIf Homosexuals can be Capitalists, we can be Communists...then why cant we be National Socialists?\n\nAah, because National Socialism aimed to completely eradicate homosexuality?", "name": "Aidan"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Well, Ernst Rhm was an influential and openly gay nazi prior to his assassination in 1933. He was assassinated because he was a threat to Hitler's centralisation of power, not because he was gay. \n\nThis is totally just my opinion, but the core feature of fascism is that loyalty to the fascist hegemon is more important than any ideology. To a fascist, argument and ideology only serves to recruit followers or confuse/undermine opponents. In this way fascism is really more of an anti-ideology. Nazism was specifically homophobic, antisemitic and ethno-nationalistic, but basically only because this helped recruit followers and confuse/undermine opponents. If the vulnerabilities of the society had been different, the nazi's would have ostracised a different group.\n\nSo there's no rational reason that gay men shouldn't be Nazi's (except that fascism a deeply flawed political system that ultimately crumbles), as long as their identified fascist hegemon is tolerant of homosexuality. These fella's were like \"ah well, the old guard is dead, let's make a more tolerant antisemitic fascism.\"", "name": "Erin"}]

pnzofb

t5_2qh3b

mod83

hcvbkn3

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Exclusive: Wikipedia bans 7 mainland Chinese power users over 'infiltration and exploitation' in unprecedented clampdown\n\n[Exclusive: Wikipedia bans 7 mainland Chinese power users over 'infiltration and exploitation' in unprecedented clampdown | Hong Kong Free Press HKFP](https://hongkongfp.com/2021/09/14/exclusive-wikipedia-bans-7-mainland-chinese-power-users-over-infiltration-and-exploitation-in-unprecedented-clampdown/)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "snip:\n...\n\nThe Wikimedia Foundation investigated an unrecognized group of Wikipedia users from mainland China and identified security risks relating to infiltration of Wikimedia systems, including positions with access to personally identifiable information and elected bodies of influence, Maggie Dennis, the foundations vice president of community resilience & sustainability, said in an online statement on Tuesday.\n\n\n\nSome Wikipedia users were **physically harmed as a result of such infiltration**, Dennis said, without elaborating. With this confirmed, we have no choice but to act swiftly and appropriately in response.\n\n\nThe foundation found not only people deliberately seeking to ingratiate themselves with their communities in order to obtain access and advance an agenda contrary to open knowledge goals, but also individuals who have become vulnerable to exploitation and harm by external groups because they are already trusted insiders, Dennis said.\n\nmore...\n\nUnderground front, 5th column.", "name": "Daniel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wikipedia needs to do something drastic about topics that china has an interest in and protect all of them. The disinfo is astronomical. Random wikipedians can't compete with paid agents.", "name": "Natalie"}]

1b651pw

t5_2umfr

wishingidbeensomeone

kt9s7c8

[{"role": "system", "content": "Rachel Jayne Whitear (6 February 1979 – 10 May 2000) was a young woman from Withington, Herefordshire, who died of a heroin overdose in Exmouth, Devon, in May 2000 at the age of 21. She had been a frequent user of the narcotic for two years, having been introduced to heroin usage by her partner, Luke Fitzgerald, in 1998.Following Whitear's death, her parents authorised the publication of a police photograph of their daughter's slumped, flaccid and discoloured body as she was discovered clutching a syringe inside a rented bedsit approximately two days after her death. Her death and the publication of official police photographs of her body also led to a nationwide anti-drug campaign in Britain involving on a 22-minute documentary titled Rachel's Story which focuses upon her life, her potential, her struggles with heroin addiction, and ultimate overdose. The particular focus of the broadcasting of this documentary was nationwide secondary schools.The nationwide anti-drug campaign following Whitear's death has been compared to the anti-ecstasy campaigns undertaken after the 1995 deaths of English teenager Leah Betts and Australian schoolgirl Anna Wood."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Rachel Whitear\n\n[Rachel Whitear - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Whitear)"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "Never really known how to feel about this story and her parents decision to publicise her death photo. They clearly loved her very much but the decision is just so alien to me. The whole thing is just awful and my heart breaks for Rachel"}, {"role": "user", "content": "If they only published the photo it would be weird but looks like the family did a short documentary and probably tried their best to show a bigger picture other than just her death photo. i can only think it must be difficult.", "name": "Alexandra"}]

czzuqc

t5_2umfr

aworldfullofwords

ez503p7

[{"role": "system", "content": "Percy Harrison Fawcett (18 August 1867 – disappeared 29 May 1925) was a British geographer, artillery officer, cartographer, archaeologist, and explorer of South America. Fawcett disappeared in 1925 (along with his eldest son, Jack, and one of Jack's friends, Raleigh Rimell) during an expedition to find an ancient lost city which he and others believed existed in the Amazon rainforest.\n\nThe Lost City of Z is the name given by Col. Percy Harrison Fawcett, a British surveyor of the early 20th Century, to an indigenous city that he believed had existed in the jungle of the Mato Grosso state of Brazil. Based on early histories of South America and his own explorations of the Amazon River region, Fawcett theorized that a complex civilization once existed there, and that isolated ruins may have survived."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Percy Fawcett and his lost expedition to found Z, a Lost City in the middle of the jungles of Brazil. He and his expedition were never to be seen again.\n\n[Lost City of Z - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_City_of_Z)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The excellent film The Lost City of Z is recommended if like me you are fascinated by what drives humans to delve into and explore the unknown, often to the conscious detriment of health and/or survival.", "name": "Hunter"}, {"role": "user", "content": "It's an underrated movie for sure.", "name": "Sophia"}]

9g0j1i

t5_2umfr

oldnips

e60s2bn

[{"role": "system", "content": "Georg Carl Tänzler, also known as Count Carl von Cosel (February 8, 1877 – July 3, 1952), was a German-born radiology technologist at the Marine-Hospital Service in Key West, Florida. He developed an obsession with a young Cuban-American tuberculosis patient, Elena \"Helen\" Milagro de Hoyos (July 31, 1909 – October 25, 1931), that carried on well after her death. In 1933, almost two years after her death, Tanzler removed Hoyos' body from its tomb, and lived with the corpse at his home for seven years until its discovery by Hoyos' relatives and authorities in 1940."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Carl Tanzler, a German radiographer, dug up a patient he had been obsessing over and lived with the corpse for seven years. During those years, he fitted the face with glass eyes, replaced the skin with wax, used loads of perfume on the body and even installed a paper tube to allow for intercourse.\n\n[Carl Tanzler - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Tanzler)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[The body](https://m.imgur.com/8ihowaC) ", "name": "Jared"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Wow that's a good deal better than what I was expecting. Thanks for posting ", "name": "Justin"}]

idx73l

t5_2qh3b

SirGrantly

g2cfsbu

[{"role": "system", "content": "Wang Zhenyi (Chinese: 王振义; pinyin: Wáng Zhènyì; born November 30, 1924), also known as Zhen-yi Wang, is a Chinese pathophysiologist and hematologist who is a professor emeritus of Medicine and Pathophysiology at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). He is most well known for discovering the cure for acute promyelocytic leukemia while working with Laurent Degos in France, using tretinoin on a trial of 24 patients at Ruijin Hospital in 1986."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Wang Zhenyi was a female astronomer in 18th-century China. She was also an accomplished mathematician and poet. She advocated for gender equality, particularly within academia.\n\n[Wang Zhenyi (astronomer) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Zhenyi_%28astronomer%29)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "She only lived to 29? That sucks.", "name": "Michael"}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "I know, right!? I can't find anywhere that says how she died either; just that she was married a few years before her death. I'm curious how she died so young."}, {"role": "user", "content": "The Draft History of Qing volume 508 said she died of illness.", "name": "Dakota"}]

ykjb49

t5_7811nr

ICantLeafYou

j0bb92h

[{"role": "system", "content": "The virgin cleansing myth (also referred to as the virgin cure myth, virgin rape myth, or simply virgin myth) is the belief that having sex with a virgin girl cures a man of HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases. Helping the idea that Christian women who were virgins, were capable of being powerful enough to fight off transmitted diseases.\nAnthropologist Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala says the myth is a potential factor in infant rape by HIV-positive men in South Africa. In addition to young girls, who are presumed to be virgins because of their age, people who are \"blind, deaf, physically impaired, intellectually disabled, or who have mental-health disabilities\" are sometimes raped under the erroneous presumption that individuals with disabilities are sexually inactive and therefore virgins."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The virgin cleansing myth is the belief that having sex with a virgin girl cures a man of HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases.\n\n[Virgin cleansing myth - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_cleansing_myth)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Shit this is dark and scary", "name": "Brian"}]

kz05s6

t5_2umfr

Starfire-Galaxy

gjkqq1p

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Guatemala syphilis experiments were United States-led human experiments conducted in Guatemala from 1946 to 1948. The experiments were led by physician John Charles Cutler, who also participated in the late stages of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. Doctors infected 1,300 people, including at least 600 soldiers and people from various impoverished groups (including, but not limited to, sex workers, orphans, inmates of mental hospitals, and prisoners) with syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid, without the informed consent of the subjects. Only 700 of them received treatment. In total, 5,500 people were involved in all research experiments, of whom 83 died by the end of 1953, though it is unknown whether or not the inoculations were responsible for all these deaths. Serology studies continued through 1953 involving the same vulnerable populations in addition to children from state-run schools, an orphanage, and rural towns, though the intentional infection of patients ended with the original study.\nOn October 1, 2010, the U.S. President, Secretary of State and Secretary of Health and Human Services formally apologized to Guatemala for the ethical violations that took place. Guatemala condemned the experiment as a crime against humanity. Multiple unsuccessful lawsuits have since been filed in the US.Professor Susan Mokotoff Reverby of Wellesley College uncovered information about these experiments in Cutler's archived papers in 2005 while researching the Tuskegee syphilis study. She shared her findings with United States government officials. Francis Collins, the NIH director at the time of the revelations, called the experiments \"a dark chapter in history of medicine\" and commented that modern rules prohibit conducting human subject research without informed consent."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The syphilis experiments in Guatemala were United States-led human experiments conducted in Guatemala from 1946 to 1948. Doctors infected soldiers, prostitutes, prisoners and mental patients with various STDs without the subjects' consent. The experiment resulted in 83 deaths.\n\n[Guatemala syphilis experiments - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala_syphilis_experiments)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "This is the kind of shit that they sweep under the rug and hope we never read about. Despicable.", "name": "Aiden"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Until you take a university history course thinking it will be a bunch of rehash, but it turns out to reveal the depraved and unjust nature of humankind", "name": "Logan"}]

kdn9to

t5_2qh3b

blankblank

gfxnk1n

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Coolest Cooler was a multi-function cooler that was initially funded through the crowdfunding website Kickstarter. In the summer of 2014, Ryan Grepper raised over $13 million, making it the most funded Kickstarter campaign of 2014. In December 2019, the company announced that it was closing, with over 20,000 of the 62,642 original backers never receiving a cooler. The project came to be regarded as Kickstarter's largest failure."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Coolest Cooler was a multi-function cooler that raised $13m through the crowdfunding website Kickstarter in 2014. The company dissolved in 2019, having never delivered coolers to 20,000 of the original backers, making it one of the most disastrous campaigns ever on Kickstarter.\n\n[Coolest Cooler - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolest_Cooler)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "An average of $650/person.", "name": "Molly"}, {"role": "user", "content": "The total number of backers was ~62,000, there were just 20,000 who didn't receive the product. So it's more like $212 per person.", "name": "Juan"}]

104q3yv

t5_7811nr

slinkslowdown

j3cm7a9

[{"role": "system", "content": "Death can occur during sexual intercourse for a number of reasons, generally because of the physical strain of the activity, or because of unusual extenuating circumstances. There are various euphemisms for death during sex, including \"dying in the saddle\" or the French \"la mort d'amour\"."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Death can occur during sexual intercourse for a number of reasons, generally because of the physical strain of the activity, or because of unusual extenuating circumstances. There are various euphemisms for death during sex, including \"dying in the saddle\" or the French \"la mort d'amour\".\n\n[Death during consensual sex - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_during_consensual_sex)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "I need more euphemisms. Weve got a friend who died in the saddle but Ive never heard many more.", "name": "Maya"}]

p07eo3

t5_2umfr

roxzillaz

h85rd1d

[{"role": "system", "content": "Leo Max Frank (April 17, 1884 – August 17, 1915) was an American factory superintendent and lynching victim. He was convicted in 1913 of the murder of a 13-year-old employee, Mary Phagan, in Atlanta, Georgia. Frank's trial, conviction, and unsuccessful appeals attracted national attention. His kidnapping from prison and lynching became the focus of social, regional, political, and racial concerns, particularly regarding antisemitism. Modern researchers generally agree that Frank was wrongly convicted.Born to a Jewish-American family in Texas, Frank was raised in New York and earned a degree in mechanical engineering from Cornell University before moving to Atlanta in 1908. Marrying in 1910, he involved himself with the city's Jewish community and was elected president of the Atlanta chapter of the B'nai B'rith, a Jewish fraternal organization, in 1912. At that time, there were growing concerns regarding child labor at factories. One of these children was Mary Phagan, who worked at the National Pencil Company where Frank was director. The girl was strangled on April 26, 1913, and found dead in the factory's cellar the next morning. Two notes, made to look as if she had written them, were found beside her body. Based on the mention of a \"night witch\", they implicated the night watchman, Newt Lee. Over the course of their investigations, the police arrested several men, including Lee, Frank, and Jim Conley, a janitor at the factory.\nOn May 24, 1913, Frank was indicted on a charge of murder and the case opened at Fulton County Superior Court, on July 28. The prosecution relied heavily on the testimony of Conley, who described himself as an accomplice in the aftermath of the murder, and who the defense at the trial argued was, in fact, the perpetrator of the murder. A guilty verdict was announced on August 25. Frank and his lawyers made a series of unsuccessful appeals; their final appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States failed in April 1915. Considering arguments from both sides as well as evidence not available at trial, Governor John M. Slaton commuted Frank's sentence from capital punishment to life imprisonment.\nThe case attracted national press attention and many reporters deemed the conviction a travesty. Within Georgia, this outside criticism fueled antisemitism and hatred toward Frank. On August 16, 1915, he was kidnapped from prison by a group of armed men, and lynched at Marietta, Mary Phagan's hometown, the next morning. The new governor vowed to punish the lynchers, who included prominent Marietta citizens, but nobody was charged. In 1986, the Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles issued a pardon in recognition of the state's failures—including to protect Frank and preserve his opportunity to appeal—but took no stance on Frank's guilt or innocence. The case has inspired books, movies, a play, a musical, and a TV miniseries.\nThe African American press condemned the lynching, but many African Americans also opposed Frank and his supporters over what historian Nancy MacLean described as a \"virulently racist\" characterization of Jim Conley, who was Black.His case spurred the creation of the Anti-Defamation League and the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# Leo Max Frank was an American factory superintendent who was convicted in 1913 of the murder of a 13-year-old employee, Mary Phagan, in Atlanta, Georgia. Today, the consensus of researchers is that Frank was wrongly convicted and Jim Conley was likely the actual murderer.\n\n[Leo Frank - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Frank)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "So who is Jim Conley", "name": "Kayla"}, {"role": "user", "content": "He was the janitor at the factory where Mary was found murdered.", "name": "Lucas"}]

sevxdf

t5_2qh3b

First_Level_Ranger

hum3l3s

[{"role": "assistant", "content": "# Gnomes, originally published in Dutch in 1976, then in English in 1977, is a book written by Wil Huygen and illustrated by Rien Poortvliet. The book explains the life and habitat of gnomes in an in-universe fashion, much as a biology book would do, complete with illustrations and textbook notes.\n\n[Gnomes (book) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnomes_%28book%29)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "My mom has this book. I loved looking through it when I was a kid. :)", "name": "Wesley"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Me too. Such a strange coffee table book, but it has lovely pictures.", "name": "Sophia"}]

t2rhh4

t5_2qh3b

First_Level_Ranger

hyqvvhs

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Battle of Ilovaisk started on 7 August 2014, when the Armed Forces of Ukraine and pro-Ukrainian paramilitaries began a series of attempts to capture the city of Ilovaisk from pro-Russian insurgents affiliated with the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and detachments of the Russian Armed Forces. Although Ukrainian forces were able to enter the city on 18 August, they were encircled between 24 and 26 August by overwhelming Russian military forces that crossed the border, joining the battle. After days of encirclement, Ukrainian forces rejected the DPR's proposal to open a humanitarian corridor on the condition that they abandon their armored vehicles and ammunition, and on the morning of 29 August 2014 began to leave Ilovaisk with their weapons. The Russian side opened fire on the evacuating Ukrainian soldiers, many of whom died whilst trying to escape.The Chief of the General Staff and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Viktor Muzhenko, claimed on 26 August 2016 that the cause of the battle's outcome was the involvement of Russian troops, along with Ukrainian commanders' incompetence in the planning of the retreat."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# In 2014, during the Battle of Ilovaisk, Ukrainians fought pro-Russian insurgents and detachments of the Russian Armed Forces. After the Russian forces encircled the Ukrainians, they made an agreement to allow a retreat. This agreement was not honoured, and many soldiers died whilst trying to escape.\n\n[Battle of Ilovaisk - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ilovaisk)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "That's a war crime, yes?", "name": "Cole"}, {"role": "user", "content": "War crimes are only crimes if you lose unfortunately.", "name": "Danielle"}]

juoymf

t5_2qh3b

DataGuru314

gcg3equ

[{"role": "system", "content": "The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul (English: HAHN-gool; Korean: 한글) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl (조선글) in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The letters for the five basic consonants reflect the shape of the speech organs used to pronounce them, and they are systematically modified to indicate phonetic features; similarly, the vowel letters are systematically modified for related sounds, making Hangul a featural writing system. It has been described as a syllabic alphabet as it combines the features of alphabetic and syllabic writing systems.Hangul was created in 1443 CE by King Sejong the Great in an attempt to increase literacy by serving as a complement (or alternative) to the logographic Sino-Korean Hanja, which had been used by Koreans as their primary script to write the Korean language since as early as the Gojoseon period (spanning more than a thousand years and ending around 108 BCE), along with the usage of Classical Chinese. The development of the Hangul alphabet is traditionally ascribed to Sejong, fourth king of the Chosŏn (Yi) dynasty.Modern Hangul orthography uses 24 basic letters: 14 consonant letters and 10 vowel letters. There are also 27 complex letters that are formed by combining the basic letters: 5 tense consonant letters, 11 complex consonant letters, and 11 complex vowel letters. Four basic letters in the original alphabet are no longer used: 1 vowel letter and 3 consonant letters. Korean letters are written in syllabic blocks with the alphabetic letters arranged in two dimensions. For example, the Korean word for \"honeybee\" (kkulbeol) is written as 꿀벌, not ㄲㅜㄹㅂㅓㄹ. The syllables begin with a consonant letter, then a vowel letter, and then potentially another consonant letter called a batchim (Korean: 받침). If the syllable begins with a vowel sound, the consonant ㅇ (ng) acts as a silent placeholder. However, when ㅇ starts a sentence or is placed after a long pause, it marks a glottal stop. Syllables may begin with basic or tense consonants but not complex ones. The vowel can be basic or complex, and the second consonant can be basic, complex or a limited number of tense consonants. How the syllable is structured depends if the baseline of the vowel symbol is horizontal or vertical. If the baseline is vertical, the first consonant and vowel are written above the second consonant (if present), but all components are written individually from top to bottom in the case of a horizontal baseline.As in traditional Chinese and Japanese writing, as well as many other texts in East Asia, Korean texts were traditionally written top to bottom, right to left, as is occasionally still the way for stylistic purposes. However, Korean is now typically written from left to right with spaces between words serving as dividers, unlike in Japanese and Chinese. Hangul is the official writing system throughout Korea, both North and South. It is a co-official writing system in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Korean Autonomous County in Jilin Province, China. Hangul has also seen limited use by speakers of the Cia-Cia language in Indonesia."}, {"role": "assistant", "content": "# The Korean alphabet was designed so that people with little education could learn to read and write. A popular saying about the alphabet is, \"A wise man can acquaint himself with them before the morning is over; even a stupid man can learn them in the space of ten days.\"\n\n[Hangul - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangul)"}, {"role": "user", "content": "[deleted]"}, {"role": "user", "content": "Yes thats the hardest part as a native English speaker! My brain doesnt want to think that way", "name": "Jennifer"}]