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[ "Malware", "code", "showing", "initializing", "broadcast", "receiver", "Figure", "15", "." ]
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501
[ "Initializing", "the", "BroadcastReceiver", "against", "system", "events", "From", "this", "point", "on", ",", "the", "malware", "execution", "is", "driven", "by", "callback", "functions", "that", "are", "triggered", "on", "system", "events", "like", "connectivity", "change", ",", "unlocking", "the", "phone", ",", "elapsed", "time", "interval", ",", "and", "others", "." ]
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502
[ "Lookout", "researchers", "have", "identified", "a", "new", ",", "highly", "targeted", "surveillanceware", "family", "known", "as", "Desert", "Scorpion", "in", "the", "Google", "Play", "Store", "." ]
[ 2, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 1, 6, 10, 10, 3, 8, 8, 10 ]
503
[ "Lookout", "notified", "Google", "of", "the", "finding", "and", "Google", "removed", "the", "app", "immediately", "while", "also", "taking", "action", "on", "it", "in", "Google", "Play", "Protect", "." ]
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504
[ "The", "app", "ties", "together", "two", "malware", "families", "-", "Desert", "Scorpion", "and", "another", "targeted", "surveillanceware", "family", "named", "FrozenCell", "-", "that", "we", "believe", "are", "being", "developed", "by", "a", "single", ",", "evolving", "surveillanceware", "actor", "called", "APT-C-23", "targeting", "individuals", "in", "the", "Middle", "East", "." ]
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505
[ "We", "'ve", "seen", "this", "actor", "rely", "heavily", "on", "phishing", "campaigns", "to", "trick", "victims", "into", "downloading", "their", "malicious", "apps", ",", "specifically", "on", "Facebook", "." ]
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506
[ "Even", "sophisticated", "actors", "are", "using", "lower", "cost", ",", "less", "technologically", "impressive", "means", "like", "phishing", "to", "spread", "their", "malware", "because", "it", "'s", "cheap", "and", "very", "effective", ",", "especially", "on", "mobile", "devices", "where", "there", "are", "more", "ways", "to", "interact", "with", "a", "victim", "(", "messaging", "apps", ",", "social", "media", "apps", ",", "etc", "." ]
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507
[ ")", ",", "and", "less", "screen", "real", "estate", "for", "victims", "to", "identify", "potential", "indicators", "of", "a", "threat", "." ]
[ 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 ]
508
[ "Lookout", "customers", "are", "protected", "against", "this", "threat", "and", "additionally", "we", "have", "included", "a", "list", "of", "IOCs", "at", "the", "end", "of", "this", "report", "." ]
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509
[ "The", "potential", "actor", "and", "who", "they", "target", "Our", "current", "analysis", "strongly", "suggests", "Desert", "Scorpion", "is", "being", "deployed", "in", "targeted", "attacks", "against", "Middle", "Eastern", "individuals", "of", "interest", "specifically", "those", "in", "Palestine", "and", "has", "also", "been", "highlighted", "by", "other", "researchers", "." ]
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510
[ "We", "have", "been", "able", "to", "tie", "the", "malware", "to", "a", "long-running", "Facebook", "profile", "that", "we", "observed", "promoting", "the", "first", "stage", "of", "this", "family", ",", "a", "malicious", "chat", "application", "called", "Dardesh", "via", "links", "to", "Google", "Play", "." ]
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511
[ "The", "Lookout", "Threat", "Intelligence", "team", "identified", "that", "this", "same", "Facebook", "profile", "has", "also", "posted", "Google", "Drive", "links", "to", "Android", "malware", "belonging", "to", "the", "FrozenCell", "family", "attributed", "to", "APT-C-27", "." ]
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512
[ "These", "factors", ",", "in", "combination", "with", "the", "fact", "that", "the", "command", "and", "control", "infrastructure", "used", "by", "Frozen", "Cell", "and", "Desert", "Scorpion", "resides", "in", "similar", "IP", "blocks", ",", "supports", "the", "theory", "that", "the", "same", "actor", "is", "responsible", "for", "operating", ",", "if", "not", "developing", ",", "both", "families", "." ]
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513
[ "What", "it", "does", "The", "surveillance", "functionality", "of", "Desert", "Scorpion", "resides", "in", "a", "second", "stage", "payload", "that", "can", "only", "be", "downloaded", "if", "the", "victim", "has", "downloaded", ",", "installed", ",", "and", "interacted", "with", "the", "first-stage", "chat", "application", "." ]
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514
[ "The", "chat", "application", "acts", "as", "a", "dropper", "for", "this", "second-stage", "payload", "app", "." ]
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515
[ "At", "the", "time", "of", "writing", "Lookout", "has", "observed", "two", "updates", "to", "the", "Dardesh", "application", ",", "the", "first", "on", "February", "26", "and", "the", "second", "on", "March", "28", "." ]
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516
[ "The", "malicious", "capabilities", "observed", "in", "the", "second", "stage", "include", "the", "following", ":", "Upload", "attacker-specified", "files", "to", "C2", "servers", "Get", "list", "of", "installed", "applications", "Get", "device", "metadata", "Inspect", "itself", "to", "get", "a", "list", "of", "launchable", "activities", "Retrieves", "PDF", ",", "txt", ",", "doc", ",", "xls", ",", "xlsx", ",", "ppt", ",", "pptx", "files", "found", "on", "external", "storage", "Send", "SMS", "Retrieve", "text", "messages", "Track", "device", "location", "Handle", "limited", "attacker", "commands", "via", "out", "of", "band", "text", "messages", "Record", "surrounding", "audio", "Record", "calls", "Record", "video", "Retrieve", "account", "information", "such", "as", "email", "addresses", "Retrieve", "contacts", "Removes", "copies", "of", "itself", "if", "any", "additional", "APKs", "are", "downloaded", "to", "external", "storage", "." ]
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517
[ "Call", "an", "attacker-specified", "number", "Uninstall", "apps", "Check", "if", "a", "device", "is", "rooted", "Hide", "its", "icon", "Retrieve", "list", "of", "files", "on", "external", "storage", "If", "running", "on", "a", "Huawei", "device", "it", "will", "attempt", "to", "add", "itself", "to", "the", "protected", "list", "of", "apps", "able", "to", "run", "with", "the", "screen", "off", "Encrypts", "some", "exfiltrated", "data", "Desert", "Scorpion", "'s", "second", "stage", "masquerades", "as", "a", "generic", "\"", "settings", "''", "application", "." ]
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518
[ "Curiously", ",", "several", "of", "these", "have", "included", "the", "world", "\"", "Fateh", "''", "in", "their", "package", "name", ",", "which", "may", "be", "referring", "to", "the", "Fatah", "political", "party", "." ]
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519
[ "Such", "references", "would", "be", "in", "line", "with", "FrozenCell", "'s", "phishing", "tactics", "in", "which", "they", "used", "file", "names", "to", "lure", "people", "associated", "with", "the", "political", "party", "to", "open", "malicious", "documents", "." ]
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520
[ "Desert", "Scorpion", "'s", "second", "stage", "is", "capable", "of", "installing", "another", "non-malicious", "application", "(", "included", "in", "the", "second", "stage", ")", "which", "is", "highly", "specific", "to", "the", "Fatah", "political", "party", "and", "supports", "the", "targeting", "theory", "." ]
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521
[ "The", "Lookout", "Threat", "Intelligence", "team", "is", "increasingly", "seeing", "the", "same", "tradecraft", ",", "tactics", ",", "and", "procedures", "that", "APT-C-23", "favors", "being", "used", "by", "other", "actors", "." ]
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522
[ "The", "approach", "of", "separating", "malicious", "functionality", "out", "into", "separate", "stages", "that", "are", "later", "downloaded", "during", "execution", "and", "not", "present", "in", "the", "initial", "app", "published", "to", "the", "Google", "Play", "Store", ",", "combined", "with", "social", "engineering", "delivered", "via", "social", "media", "platforms", "like", "Facebook", ",", "requires", "minimal", "investment", "in", "comparison", "to", "premium", "tooling", "like", "Pegasus", "or", "FinFisher", "." ]
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523
[ "As", "we", "'ve", "seen", "with", "actors", "like", "Dark", "Caracal", ",", "this", "low", "cost", ",", "low", "sophistication", "approach", "that", "relies", "heavily", "upon", "social", "engineering", "has", "still", "been", "shown", "to", "be", "highly", "successful", "for", "those", "operating", "such", "campaigns", "." ]
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524
[ "Given", "previous", "operational", "security", "errors", "from", "this", "actor", "in", "the", "past", "which", "resulted", "in", "exfiltrated", "content", "being", "publicly", "accessible", "Lookout", "Threat", "Intelligence", "is", "continuing", "to", "map", "out", "infrastructure", "and", "closely", "monitor", "their", "continued", "evolution", "." ]
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525
[ "Virulent", "Android", "malware", "returns", ",", "gets", ">", "2", "million", "downloads", "on", "Google", "Play", "HummingWhale", "is", "back", "with", "new", "tricks", ",", "including", "a", "way", "to", "gin", "user", "ratings", "." ]
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526
[ "DAN", "GOODIN", "-", "1/23/2017", ",", "4:39", "PM", "A", "virulent", "family", "of", "malware", "that", "infected", "more", "than", "10", "million", "Android", "devices", "last", "year", "has", "made", "a", "comeback", ",", "this", "time", "hiding", "inside", "Google", "Play", "apps", "that", "have", "been", "downloaded", "by", "as", "many", "as", "12", "million", "unsuspecting", "users", "." ]
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527
[ "HummingWhale", ",", "as", "the", "professionally", "developed", "malware", "has", "been", "dubbed", ",", "is", "a", "variant", "of", "HummingBad", ",", "the", "name", "given", "to", "a", "family", "of", "malicious", "apps", "researchers", "documented", "in", "July", "invading", "non-Google", "app", "markets", "." ]
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528
[ "HummingBad", "attempted", "to", "override", "security", "protections", "by", "exploiting", "unpatched", "vulnerabilities", "that", "gave", "the", "malware", "root", "privileges", "in", "older", "versions", "of", "Android", "." ]
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529
[ "Before", "Google", "shut", "it", "down", ",", "it", "installed", "more", "than", "50,000", "fraudulent", "apps", "each", "day", ",", "displayed", "20", "million", "malicious", "advertisements", ",", "and", "generated", "more", "than", "$", "300,000", "per", "month", "in", "revenue", "." ]
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530
[ "Of", "the", "10", "million", "people", "who", "downloaded", "HummingBad-contaminated", "apps", ",", "an", "estimated", "286,000", "of", "them", "were", "located", "in", "the", "US", "." ]
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531
[ "HummingWhale", ",", "by", "contrast", ",", "managed", "to", "sneak", "its", "way", "into", "about", "20", "Google", "Play", "apps", "that", "were", "downloaded", "from", "2", "million", "to", "12", "million", "times", ",", "according", "to", "researchers", "from", "Check", "Point", ",", "the", "security", "company", "that", "has", "been", "closely", "following", "the", "malware", "family", "for", "almost", "a", "year", "." ]
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532
[ "Rather", "than", "rooting", "devices", ",", "the", "latest", "variant", "includes", "new", "virtual", "machine", "techniques", "that", "allow", "the", "malware", "to", "perform", "ad", "fraud", "better", "than", "ever", ",", "company", "researchers", "said", "in", "a", "blog", "post", "published", "Monday", "." ]
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533
[ "\"", "Users", "must", "realize", "that", "they", "can", "no", "longer", "trust", "in", "installing", "only", "apps", "with", "a", "high", "reputation", "from", "official", "app", "stores", "as", "their", "sole", "defense", ",", "''", "the", "researchers", "wrote", "in", "an", "e-mail", "to", "Ars", "." ]
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534
[ "\"", "This", "malware", "employs", "several", "tactics", "to", "keep", "its", "activity", "hidden", ",", "meaning", "users", "might", "be", "unaware", "of", "its", "existence", "on", "their", "device", "." ]
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535
[ "''", "As", "was", "the", "case", "with", "HummingBad", ",", "the", "purpose", "of", "HummingWhale", "is", "to", "generate", "revenue", "by", "displaying", "fraudulent", "ads", "and", "automatically", "installing", "apps", "." ]
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536
[ "When", "users", "try", "to", "close", "the", "ads", ",", "the", "new", "functionality", "causes", "already", "downloaded", "apps", "to", "run", "in", "a", "virtual", "machine", "." ]
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537
[ "That", "creates", "a", "fake", "ID", "that", "allows", "the", "perpetrators", "to", "generate", "referral", "revenues", "." ]
[ 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 ]
538
[ "Use", "of", "the", "virtual", "machine", "brings", "many", "technical", "benefits", "to", "the", "operators", ",", "chief", "among", "them", "allowing", "the", "malware", "to", "install", "apps", "without", "requiring", "users", "to", "approve", "a", "list", "of", "elevated", "permissions", "." ]
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539
[ "Advertisement", "The", "VM", "also", "disguises", "the", "malicious", "activity", ",", "making", "it", "easier", "for", "the", "apps", "to", "infiltrate", "Google", "Play", "." ]
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540
[ "It", "has", "the", "added", "benefit", "of", "installing", "a", "nearly", "unlimited", "number", "of", "fraudulent", "apps", "without", "overloading", "the", "infected", "device", "." ]
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541
[ "Until", "now", ",", "Android", "malware", "that", "wanted", "advanced", "capabilities", "typically", "had", "to", "trick", "users", "into", "approving", "sometimes", "scary-sounding", "permissions", "or", "exploit", "rooting", "vulnerabilities", "." ]
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542
[ "Ginning", "the", "ratings", "FURTHER", "READING", "1", "million", "Google", "accounts", "compromised", "by", "Android", "malware", "called", "Gooligan", "To", "implement", "the", "VM", "feature", ",", "the", "malicious", "APK", "installation", "dropper", "used", "by", "HummingWhale", "uses", "DroidPlugin", ",", "an", "extension", "originally", "developed", "by", "developers", "from", "China-based", "company", "Qihoo", "360", ",", "Check", "Point", "said", "." ]
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543
[ "HummingWhale", "has", "also", "been", "observed", "hiding", "the", "original", "malicious", "app", "once", "it", "'s", "installed", "and", "trying", "to", "improve", "its", "Google", "Play", "reputation", "by", "automatically", "generating", "posts", "disguised", "as", "positive", "user", "comments", "and", "ratings", "." ]
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544
[ "Gooligan", ",", "a", "family", "of", "Android", "malware", "that", "came", "to", "light", "in", "November", "after", "it", "compromised", "more", "than", "1", "million", "Google", "accounts", ",", "contained", "similar", "abilities", "to", "tamper", "with", "Google", "Play", "ratings", "." ]
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545
[ "People", "who", "want", "to", "know", "if", "their", "Android", "devices", "are", "infected", "can", "download", "the", "Check", "Point", "app", "here", "." ]
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546
[ "A", "separate", "app", "from", "Check", "Point", "competitor", "Lookout", "also", "detects", "the", "threat", "as", "a", "variant", "of", "the", "Shedun", "malware", "family", "." ]
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547
[ "More", "technically", "inclined", "people", "can", "detect", "infections", "by", "seeing", "if", "a", "device", "connects", "to", "a", "control", "server", "located", "at", "app.blinkingcamera.com", "." ]
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548
[ "Package", "names", "for", "infected", "apps", "typically", "contain", "a", "common", "naming", "structure", "that", "includes", "com.XXXXXXXXX.camera", ",", "for", "example", "com.bird.sky.whale.camera", "(", "app", "name", ":", "Whale", "Camera", ")", ",", "com.color.rainbow.camera", "(", "Rainbow", "Camera", ")", ",", "and", "com.fishing.when.orangecamera", "(", "Orange", "Camera", ")", "." ]
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549
[ "Google", "officials", "removed", "the", "malicious", "apps", "from", "the", "Play", "market", "after", "receiving", "a", "private", "report", "of", "their", "existence", "." ]
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550
[ "A", "company", "representative", "declined", "to", "comment", "for", "this", "post", "." ]
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551
[ "BusyGasper", "–", "the", "unfriendly", "spy", "29", "AUG", "2018", "In", "early", "2018", "our", "mobile", "intruder-detection", "technology", "was", "triggered", "by", "a", "suspicious", "Android", "sample", "that", ",", "as", "it", "turned", "out", ",", "belonged", "to", "an", "unknown", "spyware", "family", "." ]
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552
[ "Further", "investigation", "showed", "that", "the", "malware", ",", "which", "we", "named", "BusyGasper", ",", "is", "not", "all", "that", "sophisticated", ",", "but", "demonstrates", "some", "unusual", "features", "for", "this", "type", "of", "threat", "." ]
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553
[ "From", "a", "technical", "point", "of", "view", ",", "the", "sample", "is", "a", "unique", "spy", "implant", "with", "stand-out", "features", "such", "as", "device", "sensors", "listeners", ",", "including", "motion", "detectors", "that", "have", "been", "implemented", "with", "a", "degree", "of", "originality", "." ]
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554
[ "It", "has", "an", "incredibly", "wide-ranging", "protocol", "–", "about", "100", "commands", "–", "and", "an", "ability", "to", "bypass", "the", "Doze", "battery", "saver", "." ]
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555
[ "As", "a", "modern", "Android", "spyware", "it", "is", "also", "capable", "of", "exfiltrating", "data", "from", "messaging", "applications", "(", "WhatsApp", ",", "Viber", ",", "Facebook", ")", "." ]
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556
[ "Moreover", ",", "BusyGasper", "boasts", "some", "keylogging", "tools", "–", "the", "malware", "processes", "every", "user", "tap", ",", "gathering", "its", "coordinates", "and", "calculating", "characters", "by", "matching", "given", "values", "with", "hardcoded", "ones", "." ]
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557
[ "The", "sample", "has", "a", "multicomponent", "structure", "and", "can", "download", "a", "payload", "or", "updates", "from", "its", "C", "&", "C", "server", ",", "which", "happens", "to", "be", "an", "FTP", "server", "belonging", "to", "the", "free", "Russian", "web", "hosting", "service", "Ucoz", "." ]
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558
[ "It", "is", "noteworthy", "that", "BusyGasper", "supports", "the", "IRC", "protocol", "which", "is", "rarely", "seen", "among", "Android", "malware", "." ]
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559
[ "In", "addition", ",", "the", "malware", "can", "log", "in", "to", "the", "attacker", "’", "s", "email", "inbox", ",", "parse", "emails", "in", "a", "special", "folder", "for", "commands", "and", "save", "any", "payloads", "to", "a", "device", "from", "email", "attachments", "." ]
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560
[ "This", "particular", "operation", "has", "been", "active", "since", "approximately", "May", "2016", "up", "to", "the", "present", "time", "." ]
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561
[ "Infection", "vector", "and", "victims", "While", "looking", "for", "the", "infection", "vector", ",", "we", "found", "no", "evidence", "of", "spear", "phishing", "or", "any", "of", "the", "other", "common", "vectors", "." ]
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562
[ "But", "some", "clues", ",", "such", "as", "the", "existence", "of", "a", "hidden", "menu", "for", "operator", "control", ",", "point", "to", "a", "manual", "installation", "method", "–", "the", "attackers", "used", "physical", "access", "to", "a", "victim", "’", "s", "device", "to", "install", "the", "malware", "." ]
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563
[ "This", "would", "explain", "the", "number", "of", "victims", "–", "there", "are", "less", "than", "10", "of", "them", "and", "according", "to", "our", "detection", "statistics", ",", "they", "are", "all", "located", "in", "the", "Russia", "." ]
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564
[ "Intrigued", ",", "we", "continued", "our", "search", "and", "found", "more", "interesting", "clues", "that", "could", "reveal", "some", "detailed", "information", "about", "the", "owners", "of", "the", "infected", "devices", "." ]
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565
[ "Several", "TXT", "files", "with", "commands", "on", "the", "attacker", "’", "s", "FTP", "server", "contain", "a", "victim", "identifier", "in", "the", "names", "that", "was", "probably", "added", "by", "the", "criminals", ":", "CMDS10114-Sun1.txt", "CMDS10134-Ju_ASUS.txt", "CMDS10134-Tad.txt", "CMDS10166-Jana.txt", "CMDS10187-Sun2.txt", "CMDS10194-SlavaAl.txt", "CMDS10209-Nikusha.txt", "Some", "of", "them", "sound", "like", "Russian", "names", ":", "Jana", ",", "SlavaAl", ",", "Nikusha", "." ]
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566
[ "As", "we", "know", "from", "the", "FTP", "dump", "analysis", ",", "there", "was", "a", "firmware", "component", "from", "ASUS", "firmware", ",", "indicating", "the", "attacker", "’", "s", "interest", "in", "ASUS", "devices", ",", "which", "explains", "the", "victim", "file", "name", "that", "mentions", "β€œ", "ASUS", "”", "." ]
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567
[ "Information", "gathered", "from", "the", "email", "account", "provides", "a", "lot", "of", "the", "victims", "’", "personal", "data", ",", "including", "messages", "from", "IM", "applications", "." ]
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568
[ "Gathered", "file", "Type", "Description", "lock", "Text", "Implant", "log", "ldata", "sqlite3", "Location", "data", "based", "on", "network", "(", "cell_id", ")", "gdata", "sqlite3", "Location", "data", "based", "on", "GPS", "coordinates", "sdata", "sqlite3", "SMS", "messages", "f.db", "sqlite3", "Facebook", "messages", "v.db", "sqlite3", "Viber", "messages", "w.db", "sqlite3", "WhatsApp", "messages", "Among", "the", "other", "data", "gathered", "were", "SMS", "banking", "messages", "that", "revealed", "an", "account", "with", "a", "balance", "of", "more", "than", "US", "$", "10,000.But", "as", "far", "as", "we", "know", ",", "the", "attacker", "behind", "this", "campaign", "is", "not", "interested", "in", "stealing", "the", "victims", "’", "money", "." ]
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569
[ "We", "found", "no", "similarities", "to", "commercial", "spyware", "products", "or", "to", "other", "known", "spyware", "variants", ",", "which", "suggests", "BusyGasper", "is", "self-developed", "and", "used", "by", "a", "single", "threat", "actor", "." ]
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570
[ "At", "the", "same", "time", ",", "the", "lack", "of", "encryption", ",", "use", "of", "a", "public", "FTP", "server", "and", "the", "low", "opsec", "level", "could", "indicate", "that", "less", "skilled", "attackers", "are", "behind", "the", "malware", "." ]
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571
[ "Technical", "details", "Here", "is", "the", "meta", "information", "for", "the", "observed", "samples", ",", "certificates", "and", "hardcoded", "version", "stamps", ":", "Certificate", "MD5", "Module", "Version", "Serial", "Number", ":", "0x76607c02", "Issuer", ":", "CN=Ron", "Validity", ":", "from", "=", "Tue", "Aug", "30", "13:01:30", "MSK", "2016", "to", "=", "Sat", "Aug", "24", "13:01:30", "MSK", "2041", "Subject", ":", "CN=Ron", "9e005144ea1a583531f86663a5f14607", "1", "–", "18abe28730c53de6d9e4786c7765c3d8", "2", "2.0", "Serial", "Number", ":", "0x6a0d1fec", "Issuer", ":", "CN=Sun", "Validity", ":", "from", "=", "Mon", "May", "16", "17:42:40", "MSK", "2016", "to", "=", "Fri", "May", "10", "17:42:40", "MSK", "2041", "Subject", ":", "CN=Sun", "9ffc350ef94ef840728564846f2802b0", "2", "v2.51sun", "6c246bbb40b7c6e75c60a55c0da9e2f2", "2", "v2.96s", "7c8a12e56e3e03938788b26b84b80bd6", "2", "v3.09s", "bde7847487125084f9e03f2b6b05adc3", "2", "v3.12s", "2560942bb50ee6e6f55afc495d238a12", "2", "v3.18s", "It", "’", "s", "interesting", "that", "the", "issuer", "β€œ", "Sun", "”", "matches", "the", "β€œ", "Sun1", "”", "and", "β€œ", "Sun2", "”", "identifiers", "of", "infected", "devices", "from", "the", "FTP", "server", ",", "suggesting", "they", "may", "be", "test", "devices", "." ]
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572
[ "The", "analyzed", "implant", "has", "a", "complex", "structure", ",", "and", "for", "now", "we", "have", "observed", "two", "modules", "." ]
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573
[ "First", "(", "start", ")", "module", "The", "first", "module", ",", "which", "was", "installed", "on", "the", "targeted", "device", ",", "could", "be", "controlled", "over", "the", "IRC", "protocol", "and", "enable", "deployment", "of", "other", "components", "by", "downloading", "a", "payload", "from", "the", "FTP", "server", ":", "@", "install", "command", "As", "can", "be", "seen", "from", "the", "screenshot", "above", ",", "a", "new", "component", "was", "copied", "in", "the", "system", "path", ",", "though", "that", "sort", "of", "operation", "is", "impossible", "without", "root", "privileges", "." ]
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574
[ "At", "the", "time", "of", "writing", "we", "had", "no", "evidence", "of", "an", "exploit", "being", "used", "to", "obtain", "root", "privileges", ",", "though", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "the", "attackers", "used", "some", "unseen", "component", "to", "implement", "this", "feature", "." ]
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575
[ "Here", "is", "a", "full", "list", "of", "possible", "commands", "that", "can", "be", "executed", "by", "the", "first", "module", ":", "Command", "name", "Description", "@", "stop", "Stop", "IRC", "@", "quit", "System.exit", "(", "0", ")", "@", "start", "Start", "IRC", "@", "server", "Set", "IRC", "server", "(", "default", "value", "is", "β€œ", "irc.freenode.net", "”", ")", ",", "port", "is", "always", "6667", "@", "boss", "Set", "IRC", "command", "and", "control", "nickname", "(", "default", "value", "is", "β€œ", "ISeency", "”", ")", "@", "nick", "Set", "IRC", "client", "nickname", "@", "screen", "Report", "every", "time", "when", "screen", "is", "on", "(", "enable/disable", ")", "@", "root", "Use", "root", "features", "(", "enable/disable", ")", "@", "timer", "Set", "period", "of", "IRCService", "start", "@", "hide", "Hide", "implant", "icon", "@", "unhide", "Unhide", "implant", "icon", "@", "run", "Execute", "specified", "shell", "@", "broadcast", "Send", "command", "to", "the", "second", "module", "@", "echo", "Write", "specified", "message", "to", "log", "@", "install", "Download", "and", "copy", "specified", "component", "to", "the", "system", "path", "The", "implant", "uses", "a", "complex", "intent-based", "communication", "mechanism", "between", "its", "components", "to", "broadcast", "commands", ":", "Approximate", "graph", "of", "relationships", "between", "BusyGasper", "components", "Second", "(", "main", ")", "module", "This", "module", "writes", "a", "log", "of", "the", "command", "execution", "history", "to", "the", "file", "named", "β€œ", "lock", "”", ",", "which", "is", "later", "exfiltrated", "." ]
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576
[ "Below", "is", "a", "fragment", "of", "such", "a", "log", ":", "Log", "with", "specified", "command", "Log", "files", "can", "be", "uploaded", "to", "the", "FTP", "server", "and", "sent", "to", "the", "attacker", "’", "s", "email", "inbox", "." ]
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577
[ "It", "’", "s", "even", "possible", "to", "send", "log", "messages", "via", "SMS", "to", "the", "attacker", "’", "s", "number", "." ]
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578
[ "As", "the", "screenshot", "above", "shows", ",", "the", "malware", "has", "its", "own", "command", "syntax", "that", "represents", "a", "combination", "of", "characters", "while", "the", "β€œ", "#", "”", "symbol", "is", "a", "delimiter", "." ]
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579
[ "A", "full", "list", "of", "all", "possible", "commands", "with", "descriptions", "can", "be", "found", "in", "Appendix", "II", "below", "." ]
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580
[ "The", "malware", "has", "all", "the", "popular", "capabilities", "of", "modern", "spyware", "." ]
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581
[ "Below", "is", "a", "description", "of", "the", "most", "noteworthy", ":", "The", "implant", "is", "able", "to", "spy", "on", "all", "available", "device", "sensors", "and", "to", "log", "registered", "events", "." ]
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582
[ "Moreover", ",", "there", "is", "a", "special", "handler", "for", "the", "accelerometer", "that", "is", "able", "to", "calculate", "and", "log", "the", "device", "’", "s", "speed", ":", "This", "feature", "is", "used", "in", "particular", "by", "the", "command", "β€œ", "tk0", "”", "that", "mutes", "the", "device", ",", "disables", "keyguard", ",", "turns", "off", "the", "brightness", ",", "uses", "wakelock", "and", "listens", "to", "device", "sensors", "." ]
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583
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584
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585
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586
[ "Location", "services", "to", "enable", "(", "GPS/network", ")", "tracking", ":", "The", "email", "command", "and", "control", "protocol", "." ]
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587
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588
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589
[ "Emergency", "SMS", "commands", "." ]
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590
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591
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592
[ "Then", "it", "adds", "onTouchListener", "to", "this", "textView", "and", "is", "able", "to", "process", "every", "user", "tap", "." ]
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593
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594
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595
[ "It", "also", "shows", "a", "current", "malware", "log", "." ]
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596
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597
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598
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599
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