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[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Agave parryi_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Agave parryi, known as Parry's agave or mescal agave, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It is a slow-growing succulent perennial native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico.\nThe leaves are grey green and have a spine at the tip. One of the distinguishing features is that the point on the tip, which is typically dark tan, brown, or black, is darker than the leaf. Indentations of previous leaves show on the back of each leaf. The Huachuca variety grows in a rosette pattern as large as 2½ feet in diameter.\nBecause of its compact size, plus its low water use and low maintenance, Huachuca agave is considered a good landscaping plant for desert residential landscaping. It requires full sun. It is hardy to roughly −5 °F (−21 °C), though there are reports of specimens surviving temperatures at −20 °F (−29 °C).\nParry's agave is evergreen. Aged agave produce a twelve-foot stalk with bright yellow blooms. They then die after blooming, as all leaf and root resources are put into the stalk, flowers, and seeds. It can be propagated by either offset or seed.\nThis plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Magnolia grandiflora_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large dark green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.\nAlthough endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and south Atlantic coastal plain, Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Chimaphila umbellata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.\nIt grows 10–35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3–4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Chimaphila umbellata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.\nIt grows 10–35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3–4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Chimaphila umbellata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.\nIt grows 10–35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3–4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Chimaphila umbellata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.\nIt grows 10–35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3–4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Chimaphila umbellata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.\nIt grows 10–35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3–4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Quercus emoryi_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Quercus emoryi is an evergreen tree in the red oak group, retaining its leaves through the winter until the new leaves are produced in spring, and is a large shrub or small tree from 5–17 metres (16–56 feet) tall. The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1–2+1⁄2 inches) long, entire or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals.\nThe seeds of this tree are called chich’il in Ndee, wi-yo:thi or toa in O’odham, bellotas in Spanish, and acorns in English. The English and Latin botanical names for this tree come from the name of a United States Army surveyor, Lieutenant William Hemsley Emory, who, in the 1840s, surveyed the area that had become known as west Texas.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Quercus emoryi_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Quercus emoryi is an evergreen tree in the red oak group, retaining its leaves through the winter until the new leaves are produced in spring, and is a large shrub or small tree from 5–17 metres (16–56 feet) tall. The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1–2+1⁄2 inches) long, entire or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals.\nThe seeds of this tree are called chich’il in Ndee, wi-yo:thi or toa in O’odham, bellotas in Spanish, and acorns in English. The English and Latin botanical names for this tree come from the name of a United States Army surveyor, Lieutenant William Hemsley Emory, who, in the 1840s, surveyed the area that had become known as west Texas.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Quercus emoryi_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Quercus emoryi is an evergreen tree in the red oak group, retaining its leaves through the winter until the new leaves are produced in spring, and is a large shrub or small tree from 5–17 metres (16–56 feet) tall. The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1–2+1⁄2 inches) long, entire or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals.\nThe seeds of this tree are called chich’il in Ndee, wi-yo:thi or toa in O’odham, bellotas in Spanish, and acorns in English. The English and Latin botanical names for this tree come from the name of a United States Army surveyor, Lieutenant William Hemsley Emory, who, in the 1840s, surveyed the area that had become known as west Texas.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Quercus emoryi_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Quercus emoryi is an evergreen tree in the red oak group, retaining its leaves through the winter until the new leaves are produced in spring, and is a large shrub or small tree from 5–17 metres (16–56 feet) tall. The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1–2+1⁄2 inches) long, entire or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals.\nThe seeds of this tree are called chich’il in Ndee, wi-yo:thi or toa in O’odham, bellotas in Spanish, and acorns in English. The English and Latin botanical names for this tree come from the name of a United States Army surveyor, Lieutenant William Hemsley Emory, who, in the 1840s, surveyed the area that had become known as west Texas.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Quercus emoryi_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Quercus emoryi is an evergreen tree in the red oak group, retaining its leaves through the winter until the new leaves are produced in spring, and is a large shrub or small tree from 5–17 metres (16–56 feet) tall. The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1–2+1⁄2 inches) long, entire or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals.\nThe seeds of this tree are called chich’il in Ndee, wi-yo:thi or toa in O’odham, bellotas in Spanish, and acorns in English. The English and Latin botanical names for this tree come from the name of a United States Army surveyor, Lieutenant William Hemsley Emory, who, in the 1840s, surveyed the area that had become known as west Texas.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pteris cretica_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pteris cretica, the Cretan brake, ribbon fern, or Cretan brake fern, is a species of evergreen fern in the family Pteridaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pteris cretica_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pteris cretica, the Cretan brake, ribbon fern, or Cretan brake fern, is a species of evergreen fern in the family Pteridaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pteris cretica_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pteris cretica, the Cretan brake, ribbon fern, or Cretan brake fern, is a species of evergreen fern in the family Pteridaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pteris cretica_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pteris cretica, the Cretan brake, ribbon fern, or Cretan brake fern, is a species of evergreen fern in the family Pteridaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pteris cretica_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pteris cretica, the Cretan brake, ribbon fern, or Cretan brake fern, is a species of evergreen fern in the family Pteridaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to western North America. In English, it is known as salal, shallon, or (mainly in Britain) gaultheria.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to western North America. In English, it is known as salal, shallon, or (mainly in Britain) gaultheria.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to western North America. In English, it is known as salal, shallon, or (mainly in Britain) gaultheria.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to western North America. In English, it is known as salal, shallon, or (mainly in Britain) gaultheria.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to western North America. In English, it is known as salal, shallon, or (mainly in Britain) gaultheria.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olea europaea_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_3" ]

[ "The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is short and squat and rarely exceeds 8–15 m (25–50 ft) in height. 'Pisciottana', a unique variety comprising 40,000 trees found only in the area around Pisciotta in the Campania region of southern Italy, often exceeds this, with correspondingly large trunk diameters. The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring 4–10 cm (1+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (3⁄8–1+3⁄16 in) wide. The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted.\nThe small, white, feathery flowers, with ten-cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves.\nThe fruit is a small drupe 1–2.5 cm (3⁄8–1 in) long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. Canned black olives have often been artificially blackened (see below on processing) and may contain the chemical ferrous gluconate to improve the appearance. Olea europaea contains a pyrena commonly referred to in American English as a \"pit\", and in British English as a \"stone\".", "Evergreen and deciduous species vary in a range of morphological and physiological characters. Generally, broad-leaved evergreen species have thicker leaves than deciduous species, with a larger volume of parenchyma and air spaces per unit leaf area. They have larger leaf biomass per unit leaf area, and hence a lower specific leaf area. Construction costs do not differ between the groups. Evergreens have generally a larger fraction of total plant biomass present as leaves (LMF), but they often have a lower rate of photosynthesis." ]

[ "construction costs" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olea europaea_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_3" ]

[ "The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is short and squat and rarely exceeds 8–15 m (25–50 ft) in height. 'Pisciottana', a unique variety comprising 40,000 trees found only in the area around Pisciotta in the Campania region of southern Italy, often exceeds this, with correspondingly large trunk diameters. The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring 4–10 cm (1+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (3⁄8–1+3⁄16 in) wide. The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted.\nThe small, white, feathery flowers, with ten-cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves.\nThe fruit is a small drupe 1–2.5 cm (3⁄8–1 in) long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. Canned black olives have often been artificially blackened (see below on processing) and may contain the chemical ferrous gluconate to improve the appearance. Olea europaea contains a pyrena commonly referred to in American English as a \"pit\", and in British English as a \"stone\".", "Evergreen and deciduous species vary in a range of morphological and physiological characters. Generally, broad-leaved evergreen species have thicker leaves than deciduous species, with a larger volume of parenchyma and air spaces per unit leaf area. They have larger leaf biomass per unit leaf area, and hence a lower specific leaf area. Construction costs do not differ between the groups. Evergreens have generally a larger fraction of total plant biomass present as leaves (LMF), but they often have a lower rate of photosynthesis." ]

[ "construction costs" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olea europaea_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_3" ]

[ "The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is short and squat and rarely exceeds 8–15 m (25–50 ft) in height. 'Pisciottana', a unique variety comprising 40,000 trees found only in the area around Pisciotta in the Campania region of southern Italy, often exceeds this, with correspondingly large trunk diameters. The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring 4–10 cm (1+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (3⁄8–1+3⁄16 in) wide. The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted.\nThe small, white, feathery flowers, with ten-cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves.\nThe fruit is a small drupe 1–2.5 cm (3⁄8–1 in) long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. Canned black olives have often been artificially blackened (see below on processing) and may contain the chemical ferrous gluconate to improve the appearance. Olea europaea contains a pyrena commonly referred to in American English as a \"pit\", and in British English as a \"stone\".", "Evergreen and deciduous species vary in a range of morphological and physiological characters. Generally, broad-leaved evergreen species have thicker leaves than deciduous species, with a larger volume of parenchyma and air spaces per unit leaf area. They have larger leaf biomass per unit leaf area, and hence a lower specific leaf area. Construction costs do not differ between the groups. Evergreens have generally a larger fraction of total plant biomass present as leaves (LMF), but they often have a lower rate of photosynthesis." ]

[ "construction costs" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olea europaea_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_3" ]

[ "The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is short and squat and rarely exceeds 8–15 m (25–50 ft) in height. 'Pisciottana', a unique variety comprising 40,000 trees found only in the area around Pisciotta in the Campania region of southern Italy, often exceeds this, with correspondingly large trunk diameters. The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring 4–10 cm (1+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (3⁄8–1+3⁄16 in) wide. The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted.\nThe small, white, feathery flowers, with ten-cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves.\nThe fruit is a small drupe 1–2.5 cm (3⁄8–1 in) long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. Canned black olives have often been artificially blackened (see below on processing) and may contain the chemical ferrous gluconate to improve the appearance. Olea europaea contains a pyrena commonly referred to in American English as a \"pit\", and in British English as a \"stone\".", "Evergreen and deciduous species vary in a range of morphological and physiological characters. Generally, broad-leaved evergreen species have thicker leaves than deciduous species, with a larger volume of parenchyma and air spaces per unit leaf area. They have larger leaf biomass per unit leaf area, and hence a lower specific leaf area. Construction costs do not differ between the groups. Evergreens have generally a larger fraction of total plant biomass present as leaves (LMF), but they often have a lower rate of photosynthesis." ]

[ "construction costs" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olea europaea_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_3" ]

[ "The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is short and squat and rarely exceeds 8–15 m (25–50 ft) in height. 'Pisciottana', a unique variety comprising 40,000 trees found only in the area around Pisciotta in the Campania region of southern Italy, often exceeds this, with correspondingly large trunk diameters. The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring 4–10 cm (1+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–3 cm (3⁄8–1+3⁄16 in) wide. The trunk is typically gnarled and twisted.\nThe small, white, feathery flowers, with ten-cleft calyx and corolla, two stamens, and bifid stigma, are borne generally on the previous year's wood, in racemes springing from the axils of the leaves.\nThe fruit is a small drupe 1–2.5 cm (3⁄8–1 in) long when ripe, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. Canned black olives have often been artificially blackened (see below on processing) and may contain the chemical ferrous gluconate to improve the appearance. Olea europaea contains a pyrena commonly referred to in American English as a \"pit\", and in British English as a \"stone\".", "Evergreen and deciduous species vary in a range of morphological and physiological characters. Generally, broad-leaved evergreen species have thicker leaves than deciduous species, with a larger volume of parenchyma and air spaces per unit leaf area. They have larger leaf biomass per unit leaf area, and hence a lower specific leaf area. Construction costs do not differ between the groups. Evergreens have generally a larger fraction of total plant biomass present as leaves (LMF), but they often have a lower rate of photosynthesis." ]

[ "construction costs" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Arbutus unedo_10", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wood is quite hard and well suited for a various uses such as fire wood and to make pipes. Since it does not usually grow straight, it is not well suited for construction or similar uses.\nThe tree is also grown as an ornamental plant, because of its nice-looking and -smelling flowers and fruit and their interesting presence on the plant at the same time, and because it is an evergreen. It is used as a single or multi-trunked ornamental tree, and as a specimen or hedge shrub in gardens and public landscapes.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Arbutus unedo_10", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wood is quite hard and well suited for a various uses such as fire wood and to make pipes. Since it does not usually grow straight, it is not well suited for construction or similar uses.\nThe tree is also grown as an ornamental plant, because of its nice-looking and -smelling flowers and fruit and their interesting presence on the plant at the same time, and because it is an evergreen. It is used as a single or multi-trunked ornamental tree, and as a specimen or hedge shrub in gardens and public landscapes.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Arbutus unedo_10", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wood is quite hard and well suited for a various uses such as fire wood and to make pipes. Since it does not usually grow straight, it is not well suited for construction or similar uses.\nThe tree is also grown as an ornamental plant, because of its nice-looking and -smelling flowers and fruit and their interesting presence on the plant at the same time, and because it is an evergreen. It is used as a single or multi-trunked ornamental tree, and as a specimen or hedge shrub in gardens and public landscapes.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Arbutus unedo_10", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wood is quite hard and well suited for a various uses such as fire wood and to make pipes. Since it does not usually grow straight, it is not well suited for construction or similar uses.\nThe tree is also grown as an ornamental plant, because of its nice-looking and -smelling flowers and fruit and their interesting presence on the plant at the same time, and because it is an evergreen. It is used as a single or multi-trunked ornamental tree, and as a specimen or hedge shrub in gardens and public landscapes.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Arbutus unedo_10", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wood is quite hard and well suited for a various uses such as fire wood and to make pipes. Since it does not usually grow straight, it is not well suited for construction or similar uses.\nThe tree is also grown as an ornamental plant, because of its nice-looking and -smelling flowers and fruit and their interesting presence on the plant at the same time, and because it is an evergreen. It is used as a single or multi-trunked ornamental tree, and as a specimen or hedge shrub in gardens and public landscapes.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Abies grandis_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Abies grandis is a large evergreen conifer growing to 40–70 metres (130–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 100 m (330 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The dead tree tops sometimes fork into new growth. The bark is 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, reddish to gray (but purple within), furrowed, and divided into slender plates. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 3–6 cm (1+1⁄8–2+3⁄8 in) long and 2 millimetres (3⁄32 in) wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy dark green above, with two green-white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they all lie in two more-or-less flat ranks on either side of the shoot. On the lower leaf surface, two green-white bands of stomata are prominent. The base of each leaf is twisted a variable amount so that the leaves are nearly coplanar.\nThe green-to-reddish cones are 6–12 cm (2+1⁄4–4+3⁄4 in) long and 3.5–4.5 cm (1+1⁄2–1+3⁄4 in) broad, with about 100–150 scales; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 months after pollination.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Vaccinium vitis-idaea_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Vaccinium vitis-idaea, the lingonberry, partridgeberry, mountain cranberry or cowberry, is a small evergreen shrub in the heath family Ericaceae, that bears edible fruit. It is native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe and Asia to North America. Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Vaccinium vitis-idaea_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Vaccinium vitis-idaea, the lingonberry, partridgeberry, mountain cranberry or cowberry, is a small evergreen shrub in the heath family Ericaceae, that bears edible fruit. It is native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe and Asia to North America. Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Vaccinium vitis-idaea_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Vaccinium vitis-idaea, the lingonberry, partridgeberry, mountain cranberry or cowberry, is a small evergreen shrub in the heath family Ericaceae, that bears edible fruit. It is native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe and Asia to North America. Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Vaccinium vitis-idaea_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Vaccinium vitis-idaea, the lingonberry, partridgeberry, mountain cranberry or cowberry, is a small evergreen shrub in the heath family Ericaceae, that bears edible fruit. It is native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe and Asia to North America. Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Vaccinium vitis-idaea_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Vaccinium vitis-idaea, the lingonberry, partridgeberry, mountain cranberry or cowberry, is a small evergreen shrub in the heath family Ericaceae, that bears edible fruit. It is native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe and Asia to North America. Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "evergreen families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Asplenium trichomanes_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Asplenium trichomanes is valued in cultivation for its hardiness (down to −20 °C (−4 °F)), its evergreen foliage and its ability to colonise crevices in stone walls. It prefers a fully or partially shaded aspect. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Leptospermum scoparium_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Mānuka is a prolific shrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5 m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.24 in) broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) – rarely up to 25 mm (0.98 in) – in diameter, with five petals. The wood is tough and hard.\nMānuka is often confused with the related species kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. Alternatively, the seed capsules of mānuka are large (5–7 mm or 0.20–0.28 inches in diameter) and often remain on the plant year round, whereas the seed capsules of kānuka are much smaller (2.2–4.6 mm or 0.087–0.18 inches in diameter) and are not present for much of the year.\nThe Latin specific epithet scoparium means \"like broom\", referring to Northern Hemisphere genera such as Genista and Cytisus which it superficially resembles, but to which it is only distantly related.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Leptospermum scoparium_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Mānuka is a prolific shrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5 m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.24 in) broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) – rarely up to 25 mm (0.98 in) – in diameter, with five petals. The wood is tough and hard.\nMānuka is often confused with the related species kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. Alternatively, the seed capsules of mānuka are large (5–7 mm or 0.20–0.28 inches in diameter) and often remain on the plant year round, whereas the seed capsules of kānuka are much smaller (2.2–4.6 mm or 0.087–0.18 inches in diameter) and are not present for much of the year.\nThe Latin specific epithet scoparium means \"like broom\", referring to Northern Hemisphere genera such as Genista and Cytisus which it superficially resembles, but to which it is only distantly related.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Leptospermum scoparium_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Mānuka is a prolific shrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5 m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.24 in) broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) – rarely up to 25 mm (0.98 in) – in diameter, with five petals. The wood is tough and hard.\nMānuka is often confused with the related species kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. Alternatively, the seed capsules of mānuka are large (5–7 mm or 0.20–0.28 inches in diameter) and often remain on the plant year round, whereas the seed capsules of kānuka are much smaller (2.2–4.6 mm or 0.087–0.18 inches in diameter) and are not present for much of the year.\nThe Latin specific epithet scoparium means \"like broom\", referring to Northern Hemisphere genera such as Genista and Cytisus which it superficially resembles, but to which it is only distantly related.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Leptospermum scoparium_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Mānuka is a prolific shrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5 m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.24 in) broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) – rarely up to 25 mm (0.98 in) – in diameter, with five petals. The wood is tough and hard.\nMānuka is often confused with the related species kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. Alternatively, the seed capsules of mānuka are large (5–7 mm or 0.20–0.28 inches in diameter) and often remain on the plant year round, whereas the seed capsules of kānuka are much smaller (2.2–4.6 mm or 0.087–0.18 inches in diameter) and are not present for much of the year.\nThe Latin specific epithet scoparium means \"like broom\", referring to Northern Hemisphere genera such as Genista and Cytisus which it superficially resembles, but to which it is only distantly related.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Leptospermum scoparium_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Mānuka is a prolific shrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5 m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.24 in) broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) – rarely up to 25 mm (0.98 in) – in diameter, with five petals. The wood is tough and hard.\nMānuka is often confused with the related species kānuka (Kunzea ericoides) – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. Alternatively, the seed capsules of mānuka are large (5–7 mm or 0.20–0.28 inches in diameter) and often remain on the plant year round, whereas the seed capsules of kānuka are much smaller (2.2–4.6 mm or 0.087–0.18 inches in diameter) and are not present for much of the year.\nThe Latin specific epithet scoparium means \"like broom\", referring to Northern Hemisphere genera such as Genista and Cytisus which it superficially resembles, but to which it is only distantly related.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

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