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38095170

Three-Dimensional Printing of Cellulose/Covalent Organic Frameworks (CelloCOFs) for CO₂ Adsorption and Water Treatment.

The development of porous organic polymers, specifically covalent organic frameworks (COFs), has facilitated the advancement of numerous applications. Nevertheless, the limited availability of COFs solely in powder form imposes constraints on their potential applications. Furthermore, it is worth noting that COFs tend to undergo aggregation, leading to a decrease in the number of active sites available within the material. This work presents a comprehensive methodology for the transformation of a COF into three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds using the technique of 3D printing. As part of the 3D printing process, a composite material called CelloCOF was created by combining cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), sodium alginate, and COF materials (i.e., COF-1 and COF-2). The intervention successfully mitigated the agglomeration of the COF nanoparticles, resulting in the creation of abundant active sites that can be effectively utilized for adsorption purposes. The method of 3D printing can be described as a simple and basic procedure that can be adapted to accommodate hierarchical porous materials with distinct micro- and macropore regimes. This technology demonstrates versatility in its use across a range of COF materials. The adsorption capacities of 3D CelloCOF materials were evaluated for three different adsorbates: carbon dioxide (CO₂), heavy metal ions, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). The results showed that the materials exhibited adsorption capabilities of 19.9, 7.4-34, and 118.5-410.8 mg/g for CO₂, PFOS, and heavy metals, respectively. The adsorption properties of the material were found to be outstanding, exhibiting a high degree of recyclability and exceptional selectivity. Based on our research findings, it is conceivable that the utilization of custom-designed composites based on COFs could present new opportunities in the realm of water and air purification.

38095171

Comparing perspectives: frontal and oblique endoscopic ultrasound.

The oblique-view echoendoscope is currently the sole tool for ultrasound-guided endoscopic procedures (EUS) in most hospital centers, despite its limitations like a lack of forward vision, issues with needle angle, and restricted accessory device size due to channel angulation. However, our study revealed no significant differences between the oblique and frontal endoscopes, except for minor variations in specific regions. For routine diagnostic studies, interchangeability between the devices is feasible. The anticipated advantages of the frontal device may emerge more prominently in future therapeutic procedures. This suggests that, while the oblique-view echoendoscope remains the primary tool, the frontal device holds potential for evolving roles in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

38095173

Endoscopic submucosal dissection using a novel thin-therapeutic endoscope for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with severe stricture at the pharyngoesophageal junction.

When performing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) beyond stenoses, there have only been two choices: balloon dilation until a conventional therapeutic endoscope passes through or the use of an ultrathin endoscope. However, balloon dilation has a risk of perforation and an ultrathin endoscope limits the devices that may be used. The novel thin-therapeutic endoscope has an outer diameter of 7.9 mm and instrument channel diameter of 3.2 mm; therefore, there are no restrictions on the ESD device that may be used, and the procedure may be performed in the same manner as regular ESD. We herein report a case in which the thin-therapeutic endoscope was useful for esophageal ESD beyond a stenosis.

38095174

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) presenting with isolated anomic aphasia due to ischemia in the posterior cingulate gyrus in a 11-year-old girl.

Anomic aphasia, characterized by difficulty in word finding, is a subtype without impairments in fluent speech, comprehension, reading, writing, and repetition. Recognizing pure anomic aphasia in this group is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of localization and brain functions.

38095172

A Descriptive Analysis of a Popular Pregnancy Forum: Comments on the Developmental Consequences of Cannabis use on Offspring.

Women want more and higher quality information about the effects of perinatal cannabis use (PCU) on child health, and they turn to anonymous sources of information, such as online pregnancy forums, to make decisions about their use. This study characterized perceptions of the developmental impact of PCU on children via a narrative evaluation of a public forum on which mothers to discuss a range of issues around cannabis use.

38095175

Duodenal lipoma - An unusual finding, location and presentation.

An 82-year-old man was admitted for acute cholangitis. He presented with jaundice and elevated hepatic cholestasis enzymes and C-reactive protein. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan showed no evidence of gallstones and the main bile duct had 6 mm of diameter. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated and the patient was referred for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. During duodenoscopy, a pedunculated subepithelial lesion, measuring approximately 20-30 mm, and suggestive of being a lipoma was found, obstructing the papillary orifice and preventing its access. It was then removed using a diathermic snare. Subsequent cholangiography confirmed the absence of gallstones or any other cause of biliary obstruction. Histopathological analysis confirmed that the lesion was a duodenal lipoma. The patient evolved favorably and had no subsequent episodes of jaundice or cholangitis during follow-up.

38095176

ISFAR reiterates its defence of moderate alcohol consumption's health benefits.

38095177

Endoscopic double-band ligation without resection for polypoid lesion due to sigmoid diverticulitis.

Here we report a 60-year-old male with a polypoid lesion due to sigmoid diverticulitis treated by endoscopic double-band ligation without resection. The method offers a safe, simple and effective way for polypoid lesions caused by diverticulitis and avoids the risk of perforation.

38095178

Toxic Cardiomyopathy in a Young Patient Treated for Her2-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Case Report and Literature Review.

We present the case of toxic cardiomyopathy in a healthy thirty-eight-year-old female patient treated for Her2-positive early breast cancer.

38095179

Coccygeal Disc Disease as a Possible Cause of Coccygodynia.

The aim of the present study was to describe the causes involved in the pathophysiology of coccydynia, emerging from the coccyx or the anatomical tailbone region.

38095180

A whole new challenge: EUS-guided transhepatic antegrade stone removal (TASR) for the treatment of multiple choledocholithiasis after total gastrectomy.

EUS-TASR is a derivative of EUS-BD and serves as a remedy when ERCP fails. EUS-BD technology is commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract and pancreatic diseases with anatomical changes of the digestive tract. This article provides an experience of EUS-TASR and a new challenge in the treatment of common bile duct stones after total gastrectomy.

38095181

Cancer stem cell biomarkers and related signaling pathways.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct subset of neoplastic cells characterized by their heightened capacity for tumorigenesis. These cells are implicated in the facilitation of cancer metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to conventional therapeutic interventions. Extensive scientific research has been devoted to the identification of biomarkers and the elucidation of molecular mechanisms in order to improve targeted therapeutic approaches. Accurate identification of cancer stem cells based on biomarkers can provide a theoretical basis for drug combinations of malignant tumors. Targeted biomarker-based therapies also offer a silver lining for patients with advanced malignancies. This review aims comprehensively to consolidate the latest findings on CSCs biomarkers, targeted agents as well as biomarkers associated signaling pathways in well-established cancer types, thereby contributing to improved prognostic outcomes.

38095183

Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of the Dewar Isomer of 1,2-Azaborinine, a B-N Isostere of Benzene.

The successful polymerization of the Dewar isomer of an azaborinine heterocycle is reported. Controlled ring-opening metathesis polymerization was accomplished with Grubbs and Hoveya-Grubbs second generation catalysts (G2, HG2), as well as a <i>Z</i>-selective Ru catalyst (HGM2001). The structure of the polymers containing 4-membered B-N heterocycles was verified by GPC and multinuclear and 2D NMR. Differences in stereochemistry of polymers derived from G2/HG2 versus the <i>Z</i>-selective catalyst HGM2001 were substantiated by 2D NOESY, FT-IR, and Raman analyses. The incorporation of B-N heterocycles into these polymer structures is promising as a route to functional polymers that contain polar side groups.

38095182

Tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity in chronic pain patients and its relation to self-reported physical activity.

Physical inactivity is a global health concern and a significant problem among chronic pain patients. They often experience pain flare-ups when they try to increase their physical activity level. Most research on the relationship between pain sensitivity and physical activity has been on healthy participants. Data on chronic pain patients are lacking. Using cuff pressure algometry, this study investigated tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity and its associations to self-reported physical activity and other patient-reported outcomes in chronic pain patients.

38095184

Narratives about distributed health literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The promotion of health literacy was a key public health strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of social networks and relationships for support with health literacy-related tasks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is scarcely understood. Moving beyond traditional notions of health literacy, which focus on individual skills and knowledge, this study uses the concept of distributed health literacy to explore how individuals make meaning of and respond to health literacy and make their literacy skills available to others through their relational and socially situated and lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on 89 semi-structured interviews conducted in three European countries (Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland) between October and December 2021, we found narratives of stabilization, hybridization, and disruption that show how health literacy concerning COVID-19 is a complex social construct intertwined with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses distributed among individuals, communities, and institutions within socioeconomic and political contexts that affect their existence. This paper opens new empirical directions to understand the critical engagement of individuals and communities toward health information aimed at making sense of a complex and prolonged situation of uncertainty in a pandemic.

38095185

Flexible nanomechanical bit based on few-layer graphene.

Mechanical computers have gained intense research interest at size scales ranging from nano to macro as they may complement electronic computers operating in extreme environments. While nanoscale mechanical computers may be easier to integrate with traditional electronic components, most current nanomechanical computers are based on volatile resonator systems that require continuous energy input. In this study, we propose a non-volatile nanomechanical bit based on the quasi-stable configurations of few-layer graphene with void defects, and demonstrate its multiple quasi-stable states by deriving an analytic relationship for the void configuration based on a competition between the bending energy and the cohesive energy. Using this nanomechanical bit, typical logic gates are constructed to perform Boolean calculations, including NOT, AND, OR, NAND and NOR gates, and demonstrate reprogrammability between these logic gates. We also study the accuracy and the stability of the nanomechanical bits based on the few-layer graphene. These findings provide a novel approach to realize the nanomechanical computing process.

38095186

Predictors of one-year persistence of harm from a known person's drinking: findings from a longitudinal population-based study in Sweden.

Few studies have investigated the persistence over time of experiences of harm from a known person's drinking. The aim of this study was to describe one-year persistence and investigate its predictors at baseline. Potential predictors included the harmed person's sociodemographic factors, their own drinking habits, their relationship to the person causing harm and the type of negative experience.

38095187

Current views on <i>in vivo</i> models for breast cancer research and related drug development.

Animal models play a crucial role in breast cancer research, in particular mice and rats, who develop mammary tumors that closely resemble their human counterparts. These models allow the study of mechanisms behind breast carcinogenesis, as well as the efficacy and safety of new, and potentially more effective and advantageous therapeutic approaches. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each model is crucial to select the most appropriate one for the research purpose.

38095189

Restoration of hip anatomy using computer modelling prior to total hip arthroplasty and its potential consequences in terms of lower limb-length difference.

Restoring hip anatomy during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the gold standard. The general goal is for hips to be symmetrical in terms of height. This study aimed to analyse the effect of simulating hip length (HL) equalisation on leg-length difference (LLD) before and after THA with a computerised plan.

38095190

Serving alcohol to an "obviously intoxicated" patron.

Alcohol over-service at on-premises establishments is associated with driving while intoxicated, violence and other harms. This study examined rates of alcohol over-service and service refusal among licensed on-premises establishments in northern California, and characteristics of establishments, servers, and pseudo-patrons (PPs) that may be associated with service refusal.

38095188

A rare case of localized cutaneous cryptococcus: dermatoscopic evaluation at baseline and posttreatment in a patient of skin of color.

38095191

Constructing the public in public perceptions research: A case study of forest genomics.

Contemporary scientific and technological endeavours face public and political pressure to adopt open, transparent and democratically accountable practices of public engagement. Prior research has identified different ways that experts 'imagine publics' - as uninformed, as disengaged, as a risk to science, and as co-producers of knowledge - but there has yet to be a systematic exploration of how these views emerge, interact and evolve. This article introduces a typology of imagined publics to analyse how publics are constructed in the field of forest genomics. We find that deficit views of publics have not been replaced by co-production. Instead, deficit and co-productive approaches to publics co-exist and overlap, informing both how publics are characterized and how public perceptions are studied. We outline an agenda for deepening and expanding research on public perceptions of novel technologies. Specifically, we call for more diverse and complex methodological approaches that account for relational dynamics over time.

38095192

Are health levies from unhealthy commodities a good way to fund harm reduction initiatives?

38095193

Intestinal perforation caused by Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with HIV.

We report the case of a 48-year-old male who presented with right lower abdominal pain and a mass for 2 weeks and got constipation for 5 days. An abdominal CT scan conducted before admission at other hospitals revealed an obstruction in the blind ascending colon, which was suspected to be a malignant tumor. Proctoscopy revealed peritoneal implantation metastasis and multiple pelvic lymph nodes. Physical examination was unremarkable except for multiple lymph node enlargements in the inguinal area, without pain. A whole-body contrast-enhanced FDG-PET/CT revealed lymphoma involvement in the ascending colon, peritoneum, bone marrow, and lymph nodes in multiple regions of the body, with DLBCL as a suspected diagnosis. Pathological findings from the colonoscopy revealed atypical lymphocyte infiltration and Immunostaining indicated the presence of atypical lymphocytes with Ki-67 (90%) and tested positive for CD20, CD19, CD10, and BCL-6. Based on the above findings, stage IV DLBCL was diagnosed. Furthermore, EBV-DNA amplification was positive. The patient received R-CHOP treatment for 2 days before experiencing symptoms of fevers, chills, and abdominal pain. He underwent emergency surgery due to intestinal perforation, and preoperative blood tests revealed HIV-positive. The prognosis for the patient is poor due to sepsis.

38095194

The Association of Acute Intoxication and Threats to Masculinity on Laboratory Based Sexual Aggression.

Men's alcohol intoxication and perceptions of their masculinity as precarious (i.e., viewing masculinity as easily threatened) are independently related to men's perpetration of sexual aggression. Yet, the interactive effects of these constructs on sexual aggression are unclear. The goal of this study was to assess if precarious masculinity-measured as a static trait-and acute alcohol intoxication-measured in a laboratory setting-were positively associated with men's perpetration of laboratory-based sexual aggression after their masculinity is threatened.

38095195

Frontiers of Deep-Red Emission of Mn⁴⁺ Ions with Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites.

It is well-known that the chemical composition of the host material significantly affects the spectroscopic performance of transition metal ions. However, it is worth noting that also the structure and symmetry of crystallographic sites play significant roles in transition metal ion luminescence. In this study, we demonstrate three perovskite structures of strontium titanate forming so-called Ruddlesden-Popper phases doped with Mn⁴⁺ ions. The observed reduction in the average Ti⁴⁺-O^2- distance in the series SrTiO₃-Sr₂TiO₄-Sr₃Ti₂O₇ allowed for a record-breaking shift in the spectral position of Mn⁴⁺ emission band with a maximum of around 734 nm and led to an improvement of the already impressive thermometric performance of SrTiO₃:Mn⁴⁺ in ratiometric and lifetime-based approaches. This research encourages a further search for structures that, with the help of the developed correlations between structural and optical properties, could lead to the discovery of phosphors beyond the limits established so far.

38095197

Urological Oncology: Bladder, Penis and Urethra Cancer, and Basic Principles of Oncology.

38095196

Re-evaluating the Contribution of a Fe-Based Current Collector to Bioelectrochemical Methanogenesis: Role and Mechanisms.

The metal-based current collector has been adopted as an essential component of cathodes for electron delivery in microbial electrosynthesis (MES) cells, while the effect of its corrosion on biofilm development and electromethanogenesis activity was overlooked. In this study, the corrosion of the Fe-based current collector was identified to in situ decorate cathode naturally which substantially boosted the performance of CO₂ electromethanogenesis in terms of taking over two-thirds less time starting up MES and increasing the CH₄ production rate by 3.5 times. Despite the low concentration of Fe (0.13 at%), the electrochemical analysis indicated that it was possible for these Fe deposits to act as electron shuttles and catalysts for H₂ production to benefit methanogenesis. The Fe aggregates weakened the dependence of methanogens on electroactive bacteria (EABs) to conduct methanogenesis via interspecies electron transfer as the proportion of EABs on Bio FeCF (with Fe current collector, where CF is carbon felt) was only 25.5% of that on Bio CF (without Fe current collector). On the contrary, the abundance of genes encoding the proteins to uptake extracellular electrons of methanogens on Bio FeCF was 2.3 times higher than that on Bio CF. The enhanced energy transfer maintained high amounts of methanogens and live microorganisms. This study comprehensively explored the multiple roles of Fe-based current collectors in enhancing CO₂ electromethanogenesis.

38095199

Proximal jejunal intussusception due to clear cell renal carcinoma metastasis.

The incidence of metastasis from clear cell renal carcinoma (CCR) to the small intestine is relatively rare. While most patients exhibit symptoms such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding or obstructive symptoms, the identification of small intestine metastases often faces diagnostic delays.

38095198

Hypometabolism to survive the long polar night and subsequent successful return to light in the diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus.

Diatoms, the main eukaryotic phytoplankton of the polar marine regions, are essential for the maintenance of food chains specific to Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems, and are experiencing major disturbances under current climate change. As such, it is fundamental to understand the physiological mechanisms and associated molecular basis of their endurance during the long polar night. Here, using the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus, we report an integrative analysis combining transcriptomic, microscopic and biochemical approaches to shed light on the strategies used to survive the polar night. We reveal that in prolonged darkness, diatom cells enter a state of quiescence with reduced metabolic and transcriptional activity, during which no cell division occurs. We propose that minimal energy is provided by respiration and degradation of protein, carbohydrate and lipid stores and that homeostasis is maintained by autophagy in prolonged darkness. We also report internal structural changes that manifest the morphological acclimation of cells to darkness, including the appearance of a large vacuole. Our results further show that immediately following a return to light, diatom cells are able to use photoprotective mechanisms and rapidly resume photosynthesis, demonstrating the remarkable robustness of polar diatoms to prolonged darkness at low temperature.

38095200

Complex phase of the nonresonant background in sum frequency generation spectroscopy.

Sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy is an interface-selective spectroscopic technique that enables us to selectively observe the vibrational or electronic resonances of molecules within a very thin interface layer. The interfacial properties probed by SFG are contained in a complex quantity called the second-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ2). It is usually believed that the imaginary part of χ2 (Im χ2) exhibits the resonant responses of the system, whereas the nonresonant responses appear solely in the real part of χ2 (Re χ2). However, it was recently theoretically pointed out that a portion of the nonresonant responses actually contributes to the observed Im χ2 spectra when the finite thickness of the interface layer is taken into account. In this study, by considering a simple air/liquid interface without any solutes as a model system, we theoretically evaluate the nonresonant contribution to experimentally accessible Im χ2 as well as to Re χ2, from which the complex phase of the nonresonant background is estimated. It is shown that the deviation of the complex phase from 0° or 180° is less than 1° even if the thickness of the interface layer is taken into account. This means that the nonresonant contribution to Im χ2 is practically negligible, and it is a very good approximation to think that the nonresonant background appears solely in Re χ2 in the case of air/liquid interfaces. This result implies that Im χ2 practically contains only the resonant responses of the system, and molecular resonances at the interface can be conveniently studied using Im χ2 spectra at such interfaces.

38095201

Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of bubble collapse in water: Effects of system size, water model, and nitrogen.

Molecular dynamics simulations in the microcanonical ensemble are performed to study the collapse of a bubble in liquid water using the single-site mW and the four-site TIP4P/2005 water models. To study system size effects, simulations for pure water systems are performed using periodically replicated simulation boxes with linear dimensions, L, ranging from 32 to 512 nm with the largest systems containing 8.7 × 106 and 4.5 × 109 molecules for the TIP4P/2005 and mW water models, respectively. The computationally more efficient mW water model allows us to reach converging behavior when the bubble dynamics results are plotted in reduced units, and the limiting behavior can be obtained through linear extrapolation in L-1. Qualitative differences are observed between simulations with the mW and TIP4P/2005 water models, but they can be explained by the models' differences in predicted viscosity and surface tension. Although bubble collapse occurs on time scales of only hundreds of picoseconds, the system sizes used here are sufficiently large to obtain bubble dynamics consistent with the Rayleigh-Plesset equation when using the models' thermophysical properties as input. For the conditions explored here, extreme heating of the interfacial water molecules near the time of collapse is observed for the larger mW water systems (but the model underpredicts the viscosity), whereas heating is less pronounced for the TIP4P/2005 water systems because its larger viscosity contribution slows the collapse dynamics. The presence of nitrogen within the bubble only starts to affect bubble dynamics near the very end of the initial collapse, leading to an incomplete collapse and strong rebound for the mW water model. Although nitrogen is non-condensable at 300 K, it becomes highly compressed and reaches a liquid-like density near the collapse point. We find that the dissolution of nitrogen is much slower than the movement of the collapsing water front, and the re-expansion of the dense nitrogen droplet gives rise to bubble rebound. The incompatibility of the collapse and dissolution time scales should be considered for continuum-scale modeling of bubble dynamics. We also confirm that the diffusion coefficient for dissolved nitrogen is insensitive to pressure as the liquid transitions from a compressed to a stretched state.

38095202

Cross polarization from dipolar-order under magic angle spinning: The ADRF-CPMAS NMR experiment.

Techniques for enhancing the signals arising from low-γ, insensitive (I) nuclei are central to solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. One of the leading and best-established methods to sensitize these unreceptive species is Hartmann-Hahn cross polarization (HH-CP), a polarization transfer mechanism often executed under MAS. Herein, we explore the possibility of utilizing the 1H dipolar order created via adiabatic demagnetization in the rotating frame (ADRF), to enhance the unreceptive spins under MAS. It is found that an efficient polarization transfer via ADRF-CPMAS is not only possible but can exceed, at least in some instances involving plastic crystals, the efficiency of an optimized HH-CPMAS transfer. The experiment requires low radiofrequency nutation fields on both the 1H- and the I-spin channels, and displays unusual matching conditions that are reminiscent of the zero- and double-quantum matching conditions arising under CPMAS, albeit centered at zero frequency and demanding the simultaneous involvement of several spins. The origin of these multi-spin transfer processes is analytically derived and numerically simulated in predictions that compare well with experimental 13C and 15N results collected on model compounds at different spinning speeds. These derivations start from descriptions that depart from traditional thermodynamic arguments, and treat instead the ADRF processes in static and spinning solids on the basis of coherent evolutions. The predictions of these analytical derivations are corroborated by numerical simulations. The effects of additional factors, including chemical shift anisotropies, J-couplings, and radiofrequency inhomogeneities, are also theoretically and experimentally explored.

38095203

Analytic expressions for correlations in coarse-grained simple fluids.

Coarse-graining of fluids is challenging because fluid particles are unbound and diffuse long distances in time. One approach creates coarse-grain variables that group all particles within a region centered on specific points in space and accounts for the movement of particles among such regions. In our previous work, we showed that in many cases, potential interactions for such a scheme adopted a generalized quadratic form, whose parameters depend on means, variances, and correlation coefficients among the coarse-grain variables. In this work, we use statistical mechanics to derive analytic expressions for these parameters, using properties of the fluid, including pair distribution functions. These expressions are compared against simulation-derived values and shown to be in good agreement. This approach can be used to calculate a priori the potential for any homogeneous, simple fluid, without the need for fitting procedures or matching, thus increasing the ease of use of this coarse-grain scheme and creating a foundation for large-scale bottom-up simulations. Furthermore, these expressions provide a quantitative way of studying the boundary between discrete (atomic) and continuum models of fluids.

38095205

Hilbert space multireference coupled cluster tailored by matrix product states.

In the past decade, the quantum chemical version of the density matrix renormalization group method has established itself as the method of choice for strongly correlated molecular systems. However, despite its favorable scaling, in practice, it is not suitable for computations of dynamic correlation. Several approaches to include that in post-DMRG methods exist; in our group, we focused on the tailored coupled cluster (TCC) approach. This method works well in many situations; however, in exactly degenerate cases (with two or more determinants of equal weight), it exhibits a bias toward the reference determinant representing the Fermi vacuum. Although sometimes it is possible to use a compensation scheme to avoid this bias for energy differences, it is certainly a drawback. In order to overcome this bias of the TCC method, we have developed a Hilbert-space multireference version of tailored CC, which can treat several determinants on an equal footing. We have implemented and compared the performance of three Hilbert-space multireference coupled cluster (MRCC) variants-the state universal one and the Brillouin-Wigner and Mukherjee's state specific ones. We have assessed these approaches on the cyclobutadiene and tetramethyleneethane molecules, which are both diradicals with exactly degenerate determinants at a certain geometry. We have also investigated the sensitivity of the results on the orbital rotation of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) pair, as it is well known that Hilbert-space MRCC methods are not invariant to such transformations.

38095204

Assessing the dynamics of CO adsorption on Cu(110) using the vdW-DF2 functional and artificial neural networks.

In this work, we revisit the dynamics of carbon monoxide molecular chemisorption on Cu(110) by using quasi-classical trajectory calculations. The molecule-surface interaction is described through an atomistic neural network approach based on Density Functional Theory calculations using a nonlocal exchange-correlation (XC) functional that includes the effect of long-range dispersion forces: vdW-DF2 [Lee et al. Phys. Rev. B, 82, 081101 (2010)]. With this approach, we significantly improve the agreement with experiments with respect to a similar previous study based on a semi-local XC functional. In particular, we obtain excellent agreement with molecular beam experimental data concerning the dependence of the initial sticking probability on surface temperature and impact energy at normal incidence. For off-normal incidence, our results also reproduce two trends observed experimentally: (i) the preferential sticking for molecules impinging parallel to the [1̄10] direction compared to [001] and (ii) the change from positive to negative scaling as the impact energy increases. Nevertheless, understanding the origin of some remaining quantitative discrepancies with experiments requires further investigations.

38095206

Complexes of photosensitive surfactant and fluorescent dye for light-induced manipulation of colloids.

Light-driven diffusioosmosis is a membrane-free method for manipulating colloidal ensembles at solid-liquid interfaces based on photo-sensitive molecules inducing fluid flows along solid surfaces. In this study, we present our findings on porous colloids settled at a solid wall in an aqueous solution comprising a photo-sensitive azobenzene-containing cationic surfactant and a cyanine-based dye, capable of ionically binding to each other. The surfactant acts as an activation agent for diffusioosmotic flow. When exposed to modulated light, it undergoes photo-isomerization from a hydrophobic trans-state to a more hydrophilic cis-state, creating a concentration gradient near the irradiated area of the wall. The resulting osmotic pressure gradient sets the flow in motion. Porous colloids actively participate in flow generation by readily incorporating the surfactant molecules in the trans-state and releasing them in the cis-state, creating a constant source of diffusioosmotic flow. Under UV illumination, an excess of cis-isomers near the porous colloids elicits long-range repulsive interactions, tenfold the diameter of a particle. The dye acts as a sensor for the surfactant filling or emptying the pores of the colloids. It forms a complex with the trans-isomer and diffuses into the pores, where photoisomerization to cis-state destroys the complex and causes both the dye and the surfactant to leave the pores, altering the luminescence brightness within the colloids. We demonstrated that the presence of the dye affects cis-trans isomer ratios of the surfactant at photo-stationary states, thereby influencing the process of diffusioosmosis. This process enables the manipulation of colloidal particles and remote control of the interaction potential between them, facilitating the formation of well-ordered surface aggregates.

38095208

Fatal injuries in Australian children.

38095207

Dermatology practice updates in mycobacterial disease.

Atypical mycobacterial infections are commonly acquired through exposure to water, and tuberculosis remains highly endemic in many parts of the world. In this era of global connection, travel, and immigration, it is more important than ever to maintain a high index of suspicion for infection from cutaneous tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria. Epidemics related to surgical procedures have been related to inadequate sterilization, as almost 50% of public water supplies harbor mycobacteria. Improved diagnostic techniques for these microbes, including Auramine-Rhodamine staining and rapid detection of mycobacteria and drug susceptibilities through PCR and MALDI-TOF, have improved detection and treatment outcomes. Given an increasing number of patients on immunosuppressive therapies, clinicians must remain vigilant.

38095209

Infection and Inflammation of the Genitourinary Tract.

38095210

Analysis of friction ridge evidence for trace amounts of paracetamol in various pharmaceutical industries by Raman spectroscopy.

The detection of potentially harmful substances presents a multifaceted challenge. On one hand, it can directly save lives, on the other, it can significantly aid and enhance police work, thereby increasing the effectiveness of investigations. The research conducted in this study primarily aims to identify paracetamol in fingerprints, considering situations involving direct contact of a person with paracetamol either chronically or in a single dose. The identification procedure presented, utilizing Raman spectroscopy, aims to rapidly detect the xenobiotic following ingestion by an individual, which involves touching the tablet with their fingers-this can be termed as touch evidence in forensic science investigations. Additionally, the authors focus on assessing the impact of additives present in drugs containing paracetamol as the main active ingredient. The screening results obtained will enable us to analyze the composition of drugs in terms of potentially toxic substances, and their influence on the physicochemical activity of the active substance. We successfully identified the paracetamol molecule using a noninvasive forensic trace detection method. Samples in the form of common drugs containing 500 mg of paracetamol were studied. Throughout the study, comprehensive validation of the method was ensured through the utilization of a statistical model, which excluded sensitivity to the presence of other substances, whether additives or from the external environment. The proposed approach to trace the content of substances in fingerprint using Raman scattering analysis provides a useful starting point to enhance current analytical methods not only in forensic science but also in toxicology.

38095211

Angle-Dependent Raman Spectra of Crystal Polymorphs of GaO: A Computational Study.

Two crystal polymorphs of GaO consisting of GaO-H and GaO-T monolayers are proposed in this study. Based on the density functional theory calculations, the phonon dispersion demonstrates that both GaO-H and GaO-T monolayers could be stable. The band gaps of GaO-H and GaO-T monolayers are 1.51 and 1.43 eV, respectively. When an external electric field is applied, the band gaps of GaO monolayers are reduced dramatically, down to 0.13 eV with the field of 0.7 V/Å. Because of the decreased symmetry of C3v under an external electric field, more peaks of Raman spectra can be obtained. The angle-dependent Raman spectra of A and A of GaO-H monolayer, and A11g and A21g of GaO-T monolayer are discussed seperately, with the incident lasers of 488 and 532 nm. Additionally, the Raman intensity distribution shows that the incident light should be parallel to the plane of the GaO monolayer to obtain more comparable Raman spectra. These investigations of the crystal polymorphs of GaO monolayers may guide the experimental investigations of GaO monolayers and potential optoelectronic applications.

38095212

Mammalian phagophores with finger-like shapes emerge from recycling endosomes.

Autophagosomes are double-membraned vesicles that engulf cytoplasmic contents, which are ultimately degraded after autophagosome-lysosome fusion. The prevailing view, largely inferred from EM-based studies, was that mammalian autophagosomes evolved from disc-shaped precursors that invaginated and then were closed at the single opening. Many site(s) of origin of these precursors have been proposed. Using superresolution structured illumination microscopy and electron microscopy, we find that mammalian autophagosomes derive from finger-like outgrowths from the recycling endosome. These "fingers" survey a large cell volume and then close into a "fist" and the openings are sealed in an ESCRT-dependent fashion, while the precursors are still attached to the recycling endosome. We call this transient recycling endosome-attached, closed, autophagic structure an "autophago-dome". DNM2-dependent scission of the autophago-dome from the recycling endosomes liberates free autophagosomes from this compartment. These data reveal unexpected morphologies of autophagosome precursors and raise new questions about the control of this process.

38095213

Electrochemical Performance of Biocompatible TiC Films Deposited through Nonreactive RF Magnetron Sputtering for Neural Interfacing.

The efficacy of neural electrode stimulation and recording hinges significantly on the choice of a neural electrode interface material. Transition metal carbides (TMCs), particularly titanium carbide (TiC), have demonstrated exceptional chemical stability and high electrical conductivity. Yet, the fabrication of TiC thin films and their potential application as neural electrode interfaces remains relatively unexplored. Herein, we present a systematic examination of TiC thin films synthesized through nonreactive radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. TiC films were optimized toward high areal capacitance, low impedance, and stable electrochemical cyclability. We varied the RF power and deposition pressure to pinpoint the optimal properties, focusing on the deposition rate, surface roughness, crystallinity, and elemental composition to achieve high areal capacitance and low impedance. The best-performing TiC film showed an areal capacitance of 475 &#956;F/cm² with a capacitance retention of 93% after 5000 cycles. In addition, the electrochemical performance of the optimum film under varying scanning rates demonstrated a stable electrochemical performance even under dynamic and fast-changing stimulation conditions. Furthermore, the in vitro cell culture for 3 weeks revealed excellent biocompatibility, promoting cell growth compared with a control substrate. This work presents a novel contribution, highlighting the potential of sputtered TiC thin films as robust neural electrode interface materials.

38095214

Is ERCP still the elective primary biliary drainage technique in patients with malignant distal biliary obstruction?

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been established as the first line therapy for the resolution of biliary and pancreatic diseases. The main disadvantage of the procedure is the rate of adverse events, around 10%1. So, despite being a minimally invasive procedure, ERCP has a non-negligible rate of adverse effects (AEs) and secondary mortality.

38095215

Emotion Dysregulation is Associated with Increased Problem Cannabis Use Among Emerging Adults During COVID-19.

Emerging adulthood (18-25 years) is associated with peak prevalence of cannabis use. While population-based longitudinal studies have found little change in cannabis use among emerging adults during COVID-19, research examining changes among vulnerable subgroups is lacking. The present study examined the association between emotion dysregulation at 23 years and change in cannabis use frequency and problem cannabis use among a large sample of emerging adults, from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic.

38095216

Bypassing large submucosal vessels during peroral endoscopic myotomy reduces operative time and intraoperative blood loss in patients with achalasia.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), a relatively, minimally invasive endoscopic procedure, is the first-line treatment for achalasia. The aim of this study is to compare procedure-related parameters and clinical outcomes between bypassing and performing prophylactic electrocoagulation of large submucosal vessels during POEM.

38095217

Through a computer monitor darkly: artificial intelligence in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion science.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised or has already begun to influence highly absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) science. It is not in the area expected, that of superior modelling of ADME data to increase its predictive power. It is influencing traditional exhaustive and careful literature research by providing almost perfect summaries of existing information. This will highly influence how people study, graduate and progress in the ADME sciences. The literature contains many flaws, protein binding influence on unbound drug concentration, is one of the examples cited, and without direction AI may help to popularise them.ADME science has a relatively small number of key assays and values but these are produced under widely varying conditions so large data sets, the best substrate for artificial intelligence, are not readily available to produce new more predictive systems. The use of AI to enrich the data bases may be a near term goal.AI is already contributing in other areas such as technical skill assimilation, maintenance of complex instruments (combined with virtual reality) and the processing of pharmacovigilance.

38095219

Correction to "Toward Multifunctional 'Clickable' Diamond Nanoparticles".

38095218

Evidence-based cutoffs for total and adjusted calcium: a major factor in detecting severe hypo- and hypercalcemia.

Severe hypo- and hypercalcemia are common and urgent treatment is recommended. Free calcium (fCa) is the gold standard but needs blood gas tests with challenging preanalytics. Total calcium (tCa) and calculated adjusted calcium (aCa) are readily available, but their interpretation is hampered by identical tCa and aCa cutoffs, laborious local aCa calculation and difficult comparability of calcium biomarkers.

38095220

Secondary livedoid vasculopathy following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

38095221

Cold snare endoscopic resection for subepithelial tumors of the upper third of the esophagus.

Although most esophagus subepithelial tumors are benign, the possibility of malignancy cannot be completely ruled out and it can gradually increase, leading to symptoms such as dysphagia, so removal is still recommended. The narrow cavity and thin walls of the upper esophagus, as well as movement caused by breathing and heartbeat, makes it difficult to perform operation by endoscopy or surgery. Cold snare pulpectomy may been used to remove subepithelial tumors of the upper third of the esophagus due to a low risk of adverse events and short procedure time.

38095222

Non-equilibrium magnetic properties of a mixed spin (1/2, 1) Ising graphene nanoisland.

Based on Glauber-type stochastic dynamics intertwined with mean field theory, we have investigated a graphene nanoisland's out-of-equilibrium magnetic and thermomagnetic behaviors with a mixed ferrimagnetic spin (1/2, 1) configuration in the presence of an oscillating magnetic field. The influence of the oscillating external magnetic field, single-ion anisotropy and temperature on the dynamic magnetic properties (dynamic phase transitions, hysteresis loop areas, correlations, and phase diagrams) of the system is studied in detail. The results illustrate that single ion anisotropy and the magnetic field play important roles in the system's dynamic order parameters, phase transitions and phase diagrams. Dynamic phase diagrams display some dynamic special points such as dynamic tricritical points, quadruple points and some sort of reentrant phenomena, which strongly depend on interaction parameters. Our predicted results may provide a reference for future experimental and theoretical studies of the nanostructures.

38095224

A Response From Friends of NIAAA to Babor (2023) and Mitchell and McCambridge (2023).

38095223

Are sarcopenia, frailty and malnutrition prognostic markers of liver disease decompensation in the ambulatory setting? - A prospective cohort study.

Sarcopenia, frailty and malnutrition are associated with adverse outcomes in liver cirrhosis. Studies assessing the prognostic value of these conditions in ambulatory patients with cirrhosis are scarce.

38095226

A systematic review of differences in outcome between one and two stage palate repair in cleft lip and palate.

The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether one-stage palatoplasty for children born with cleft lip and palate shows overall advantages in outcome compared with two-stage palatoplasty. The included studies were controlled studies of syndromic and non-syndromic children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate, bilateral cleft lip and palate, or isolated cleft palate. The interventions studied were one-stage palatoplasty and two-stage palatoplasty starting with the soft palate. The outcomes were facial growth, speech, hearing, presence of fistulae, other complications related to surgery, health-related quality of life, and health economics. In total, 14 original studies were included. Results were dichotomized into showing advantage for one- or two-stage palatoplasty for the respective outcome and compared with the results from six included systematic reviews. No overall advantage for either surgical strategy was found for any of the outcome measures. The certainty of evidence was highest for the presence of fistulae, followed by facial growth and speech. For several outcomes, the quality of the existing evidence was too low to allow for any conclusions to be drawn. Neither one- nor two-stage palatoplasty showed significant advantages in clinical outcomes compared with the other. Other aspects such as ethics, economics, or surgeon's preference might hence be of more importance. Homogenous choices of outcome measures and defined minimal clinically important differences would facilitate further research.

38095225

Sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer during pregnancy: A comprehensive update.

Pregnant patients diagnosed with breast cancer (PrBC) may receive substantially different treatments compared to general population, considering that certain treatment options cannot be applied during pregnancy due to their potential harmful effects to the foetus. Regarding the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in pregnant patients, potential concerns include foetal harm from radiation exposure, possible teratogenic effects of blue dyes and maternal anaphylaxis to isosulfan.

38095227

Chemical technology principles for selective bioconjugation of proteins and antibodies.

Proteins are multifunctional large organic compounds that constitute an essential component of a living system. Hence, control over their bioconjugation impacts science at the chemistry-biology-medicine interface. A chemical toolbox for their precision engineering can boost healthcare and open a gateway for directed or precision therapeutics. Such a chemical toolbox remained elusive for a long time due to the complexity presented by the large pool of functional groups. The precise single-site modification of a protein requires a method to address a combination of selectivity attributes. This review focuses on guiding principles that can segregate them to simplify the task for a chemical method. Such a disintegration systematically employs a multi-step chemical transformation to deconvolute the selectivity challenges. It constitutes a disintegrate (DIN) theory that offers additional control parameters for tuning precision in protein bioconjugation. This review outlines the selectivity hurdles faced by chemical methods. It elaborates on the developments in the perspective of DIN theory to demonstrate simultaneous regulation of reactivity, chemoselectivity, site-selectivity, modularity, residue specificity, and protein specificity. It discusses the progress of such methods to construct protein and antibody conjugates for biologics, including antibody-fluorophore and antibody-drug conjugates (AFCs and ADCs). It also briefs how this knowledge can assist in developing small molecule-based covalent inhibitors. In the process, it highlights an opportunity for hypothesis-driven routes to accelerate discoveries of selective methods and establish new targetome in the precision engineering of proteins and antibodies.

38095228

The complex interactions between nutrition, immunity and infection in insects.

Insects are the most diverse animal group on the planet. Their success is reflected by the diversity of habitats in which they live. However, these habitats have undergone great changes in recent decades; understanding how these changes affect insect health and fitness is an important challenge for insect conservation. In this Review, we focus on the research that links the nutritional environment with infection and immune status in insects. We first discuss the research from the field of nutritional immunology, and we then investigate how factors such as intracellular and extracellular symbionts, sociality and transgenerational effects may interact with the connection between nutrition and immunity. We show that the interactions between nutrition and resistance can be highly specific to insect species and/or infection type - this is almost certainly due to the diversity of insect social interactions and life cycles, and the varied environments in which insects live. Hence, these connections cannot be easily generalised across insects. We finally suggest that other environmental aspects - such as the use of agrochemicals and climatic factors - might also influence the interaction between nutrition and resistance, and highlight how research on these is essential.

38095229

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis: driven by the symptoms.

Cystic pneumatosis is an uncommon condition characterized by the presence of cysts in the submucosa and serous intestine. Although in most patients it is usually a chance finding, it can sometimes cause abdominal pain, diarrhea and even acute abdominal symptoms, as in the case presented. In most cases, conservative treatment is usually chosen, although in situations of sepsis, intestinal obstruction or suspected peritonitis, surgical treatment may be indicated as in the case described.

38095230

Multi-level magnetic microrobot delivery strategy within a hierarchical vascularized organ-on-a-chip.

Targeted microrobotic delivery within the circulatory system holds significant potential for medical theranostic applications. Existing delivery strategies of microrobots encounter challenges such as slow speed, limited navigation control, and dispersal under dynamic flow conditions. Furthermore, within the realm of microrobots, <i>in vitro</i> testing platforms often lack essential biological microenvironments, while <i>in vivo</i> studies conducted on animal models are constrained by limited detection resolution. In this study, we propose a multi-level magnetic delivery strategy that integrates a tethered microrobotic guidewire and untethered swimming microrobots. The amalgamation compensates for their inherent constraints, ensuring a robust and highly efficient delivery of microrobots under complex physiological conditions over extensive distances. Concurrently, a hierarchical vascular network encompassing engineered arteries/veins and capillary networks was constructed by integrating vasculogenesis and endothelial cell (EC) lining strategies, thereby providing an <i>in vivo</i>-like testing platform for microrobots. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the flexible microrobotic guidewire can be precisely directed to any entrance of the second-tier branches, with its inner lumen providing an "express lane" for rapid passage of microrobots through complex fluidic environments without direct contact. After release, dynamically assembled swarms could effectively locomote on the micro-topography of the EC-lined channel surface without becoming trapped and congregate within specified regions inside capillary lumens when guided collectively by a biologically safe magnetic field. Additionally, the superparamagnetic capabilities of microrobotic swarms ensure their dissolution into monodispersed entities upon withdrawal of the magnetic field, mitigating the risk of intravascular thrombosis. The hierarchical vascularized organ-on-a-chip platform establishes a comprehensive testing platform that integrates imaging, control, and a functional 3D microvascular environment, thereby enhancing its suitability for microrobotic applications encompassing targeted drug delivery, thrombus ablation, sensing and diagnosis, <i>etc.</i>

38095231

Correction: Extracting accurate information from triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion data with a mass-conserving kinetic model.

Correction for 'Extracting accurate information from triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion data with a mass-conserving kinetic model' by Abhishek Kalpattu <i>et al.</i>, <i>Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.</i>, 2022, <b>24</b>, 28174-28190, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP03986A.

38095232

IGF-I protects porcine granulosa cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis by promoting homologous recombination repair through the PI3K/AKT/E2F8/RAD51 pathway.

Severe hypoxia induced by vascular compromise (ovarian torsion, surgery), obliteration of vessels (aging, chemotherapy, particularly platinum drugs) can cause massive follicle atresia. On the other hand, hypoxia increases the occurrence of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and triggers cellular damage repair mechanisms; however, if the damage is not promptly repaired, it can also induce the apoptosis program. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a polypeptide hormone that plays essential roles in stimulating mammalian follicular development. Here, we report a novel role for IGF-I in protecting hypoxic GCs from apoptosis by promoting DNA repair through the homologous recombination (HR) process. Indeed, the hypoxic environment within follicles significantly inhibited the efficiency of HR-directed DNA repair. The presence of IGF-I-induced HR pathway to alleviate hypoxia-induced DNA damage and apoptosis primarily through upregulating the expression of the RAD51 recombinase. Importantly, we identified a new transcriptional regulator of RAD51, namely E2F8, which mediates the protective effects of IGF-I on hypoxic GCs by facilitating the transcriptional activation of RAD51. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the PI3K/AKT pathway is crucial for IGF-I-induced E2F8 expression, resulting in increased RAD51 expression and enhanced HR activity, which mitigates hypoxia-induced DNA damage and thereby protects against GCs apoptosis. Together, these findings define a novel mechanism of IGF-I-mediated GCs protection by activating the HR repair through the PI3K/AKT/E2F8/RAD51 pathway under hypoxia.

38095233

Biostatistics for gastroenterologists. Part III - Mastering meta-analysis for beginners.

Meta-analysis combines data from multiple independent studies to derive robust conclusions. This article provides an insightful guide to conducting meta-analyses with a particular focus on gastroenterology studies. The process of conducting a meta-analysis involves several systematic steps. Firstly, formulating a clear research question using the PICO format. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature search is conducted using databases like PubMed and Embase, followed by the establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria to select eligible studies. Data extraction, quality assessment, and statistical analysis using suitable software are then undertaken. Key aspects of performing the meta-analysis include choosing between fixed-effects and random-effects models based on heterogeneity levels among studies. Calculating summary effect sizes and visualizing results through forest plots aid in interpreting outcomes effectively. This article emphasizes the significance of meta-analysis in evidence synthesis, illustrating its role in enhancing decision-making processes by providing more comprehensive and reliable conclusions. It quantifies relationships between variables, resolves conflicting findings, and increases statistical power by aggregating data. Meta-analysis stands as an indispensable tool in research and decision-making, requiring collaboration with statisticians for methodological rigor and accuracy.

38095235

Nanoflower-Like High-Entropy Co-Fe-Cr-Mo-Mn Spinel for Oxygen Evolution.

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key anode reaction of electrolytic water. To improve the slow OER kinetics, we synthesize nanoflower-like Co-Fe-Cr-Mo-Mn high-entropy spinel (HES) nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) by one-step solvothermal method, which exhibit an overpotential (η10) of only 188 mV at 10 mA cm-2, much lower than bimetallic CoFeOx/NF (233 mV), trimetallic CoFeCrOx/NF (211 mV), and tetrametallic CoFeCrMoOx/NF (200 mV). The OER overpotential decreases with the increase of the number of metals, indicating that the formation of HES has a positive effect on the improvement of electrocatalytic performance, since the synergistic effect between different metals enhances the charge transfer rate and decreases reaction barrier. In-situ Raman spectra demonstrate that the formation of γ-NiOOH on the HES surface is a crucial active species for the OER. This work demonstrates a simple and efficient synthesis method to prepare nanoflower-like high-entropy electrocatalysts for efficient OER electrocatalysis.

38095237

Micro-structured Polyelectrolyte Elastomer-Based Ionotronic Sensors with High Sensitivities And Excellent Stability for Artificial Skins.

Flexible pressure sensors with superior performances are highly demanded for artificial tactile sensing. Using ionic conductors as the dielectric layer has enabled pressure sensors, termed ionotronic sensors, with high sensitivities owing to the giant capacitance of the electric double layer (EDL) formed at the ionic conductor/electronic conductor interface. However, conventional ionotronic sensors suffer from leakage, which greatly hinders long-term stability and practical applications. Herein, we synthesize a leakage-free polyelectrolyte elastomer as the dielectric layer for ionotronic sensors. We optimize the mechanical and electrical properties of the polyelectrolyte elastomer, construct a micro-pyramid array, and use it as the dielectric layer for an ionotronic pressure sensor with marked performances. The obtained sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 69.6 kPa^-1 , a high upper detecting limit on the order of 1&#160;MPa, a fast response/recovery speed of &#8764;6&#160;ms, and excellent stability under both static and dynamic loads. Notably, the sensor retains a high sensitivity of 4.96 kPa^-1 at 500&#160;kPa, and its broad sensing range within the high-pressure realm enables a brand-new coding strategy. We demonstrate the applications of the sensor as a wearable keyboard and a quasi-continuous controller for a robotic arm. Durable and highly sensitive ionotronic sensors potentialize high-performance artificial skins for soft robots, human-machine interfaces, and beyond. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

38095234

Untangling hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) variant and other HCL-like disorders: Diagnosis and treatment.

The variant form of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL-V) is a rare disease very different from hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), which is a very well-defined entity. The 5th WHO edition (Leukemia, 36, 2022 and 1720) classification (WHO-HAEM5) introduced splenic lymphomas/leukaemias including four different entities: (1) HCL, (2) splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) with circulating villous cells in the peripheral blood, (3) splenic lymphoma with prominent nucleolus (SLPN), which replaced HCL-V and CD5 negative B-prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL), and (4) splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL). All these entities have to be distinguished because of a different clinical course and the need for a different treatment. The diagnosis can be challenging because of complex cases and overlap and/or grey zones between all the entities and needs integrating clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular data. We review the diagnostic criteria including clinical, immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics of patients with HCL-V and other HCL-like disorders including HCL, SDRPL, SMZL, B-PLL and the Japanese form of HCL. We also discuss the different criteria allowing us to separate these different entities and we will update the recent therapeutic options that have emerged, in particular the advances with chemoimmunotherapy and/or targeted therapies.

38095238

AWARDS AND AUTHOR INSTRUCTIONS.

38095239

Dental staff and patient attitudes about nicotine replacement therapy samples in dental care: A National Dental Practice-Based Research Network study.

Cigarette smoking negatively affects oral health. Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT; e.g. nicotine patch or lozenge) and brief interventions (e.g. Ask-Advise-Refer; AAR) can improve cessation outcomes but are underutilized. NRT sampling (NRTS) increases NRT utilization by providing patients with samples of NRT as part of routine healthcare. Ask-Advise-Refer is a brief intervention where practitioners: ask patients about tobacco use, advise those using tobacco to quit and refer to the state quit line. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore dental care practitioners' and patients' attitudes and experiences regarding tobacco cessation treatment and perceptions of two brief intervention models, assessed separately: NRTS and AAR.

38095236

A COMPASS histone H3K4 trimethyltransferase pentamer transactivates drought tolerance and growth/biomass production in Populus trichocarpa.

Histone H3 lysine-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) activating drought-responsive genes in plants for drought adaptation has long been established, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Here, using yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, biochemical analyses, transient and CRISPR-mediated transgenesis in Populus trichocarpa, we unveiled in this adaptation a regulatory interplay between chromatin regulation and gene transactivation mediated by an epigenetic determinant, a PtrSDG2-1-PtrCOMPASS (complex proteins associated with Set1)-like H3K4me3 complex, PtrSDG2-1-PtrWDR5a-1-PtrRbBP5-1-PtrAsh2-2 (PtrSWRA). Under drought conditions, a transcription factor PtrAREB1-2 interacts with PtrSWRA, forming a PtrSWRA-PtrAREB1-2 pentamer, to recruit PtrSWRA to specific promoter elements of drought-tolerant genes, such as PtrHox2, PtrHox46, and PtrHox52, for depositing H3K4me3 to promote and maintain activated state of such genes for tolerance. CRISPR-edited defects in the pentamer impaired drought tolerance and elevated expression of PtrHox2, PtrHox46, or PtrHox52 improved the tolerance as well as growth in P. trichocarpa. Our findings revealed the identity of the underlying H3K4 trimethyltransferase and its interactive arrangement with the COMPASS for catalysis specificity and efficiency. Furthermore, our study uncovered how the H3K4 trimethyltransferase-COMPASS complex is recruited to the effector genes for elevating H3K4me3 marks for improved drought tolerance and growth/biomass production in plants.

38095241

Retrospective review of acute post-tracheostomy complications and contributing risk factors.

Tracheostomy is performed for various indications ranging from prolonged ventilation to airway obstruction. Many factors may play a role in the incidence of complications in the immediate post-operative period including patient-related factors. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are some of the most common pulmonary pathologies in the United States. The relationship between obstructive pulmonary diseases and acute post-tracheostomy complications has been incompletely studied.

38095240

Decoding the diagnostic potential of T cell repertoires in peripheral blood of patients from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently an incurable neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common etiological cause of dementia. Consequently, it has severe burden on its patients and on their caregivers and represents a global health concern. Clinical investigations have indicated that a dysregulation of peripheral T cell immune homeostasis may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as in the early stages of AD, characterized by mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the characteristics and concomitant feasibility of the use of T-cell receptor (TCR) typing for disease diagnosis remains largely unknown. We employed a high-throughput sequencing and multidimensional bioinformatics analyses for the identification of TCR repertoires present in peripheral blood samples of 10 patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI), 10 patients with AD, and 10 healthy controls (HCs). Based on the characteristics of the TCR repertoires in the amount and diversity of combinations of V-J, the spectrum of immune defense, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), single and specific TCR profiles were observed in the patient samples of aMCI and AD compared to profiles of HCs. In particular, the diversity of TCR clonotypes manifested a pattern of "decreased first and then increased" pattern during the progression from aMCI to AD, a pattern that was not observed in HC samples. Additionally, a total of 46 and 35 amino acid CDR3 sequences with consistent and reverse expressive abundance with diversity of TCR clonotypes were identified, respectively. Taken together, we provide novel and essential preliminary evidence demonstrating the presence of diversity of T cell repertoires from differentially expressed V-J gene segments and amino acid clonotypes using peripheral blood samples from patients with AD, aMCI, and from HC. Such findings have the potential to reveal potential mechanisms through which aMCI progresses to AD and provide a reference for the future development of immune-related diagnoses and therapies for AD.

38095242

Photo-annealing of Microtissues Creates High-Density Capillary Network Containing Living Matter in A Volumetric-Independent Manner.

The vascular tree is crucial for the survival and function of large living tissues. Despite breakthroughs in 3D bioprinting to endow engineered tissues with large blood vessels, there is currently no approach to engineer high-density capillary networks into living tissues in a scalable manner. We here present photo-annealing of living microtissues (PALM) as a scalable strategy to engineer capillary-rich tissues. Specifically, in-air microfluidics was used to produce living microtissues composed of cell-laden microgels in ultra-high throughput, which could be photo-annealed into a monolithic living matter. Annealed microtissues inherently give rise to an open and interconnected pore network within the resulting living matter. Interestingly, utilizing soft microgels enables microgel deformation, which leads to the uniform formation of capillary-sized pores. Importantly, the ultra-high throughput nature underlying the microtissue formation uniquely facilitates scalable production of living tissues of clinically relevant sizes (&gt;1 cm³ ) with an integrated high-density capillary network. In short, PALM generates monolithic, microporous, modular tissues that meet the previously unsolved need for large engineered tissues containing high-density vascular networks, which is anticipated to advance the fields of engineered organs, regenerative medicine, and drug screening. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

38095243

Chemoproteomics reveals the epoxidase enzyme for the biosynthesis of camptothecin in Ophiorrhiza pumila.

Camptothecin is one of the most commonly used anticancer drugs worldwide, yet the downstream biosynthetic route from strictosidine to camptothecin has remained unclear for more than half a century. Here, we searched for proteins involved in camptothecin biosynthesis from the camptothecin-producing plant Ophiorrhiza pumila by chemoproteomics and identified OpCYP716E111. Exogenously expressing OpCYP716E111 in Nicotiana benthamiana and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) led to the production of strictosamide epoxide 2 from strictosamide 1. Our findings thus reveal the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of strictosamide epoxide in the camptothecin biosynthetic pathway. In addition, our results highlight the potential of using chemoproteomics as a tool for discovering enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

38095244

The effect of weak π-π interactions on single-molecule electron transport properties of the tetraphenylethene molecule and its derivatives: a first-principles study.

Intramolecular &#960;-&#960; interactions are a significant research focus in fields such as chemistry, biology, and materials science. Different configurations of benzene-benzene moieties within a molecule can affect the magnitude of their &#960;-&#960; interactions, consequently influencing the electronic transport capabilities of the molecule. In this study, we designed three &#960;-conjugated molecules, TPEM, TPEEM, and TEEPM, based on tetraphenylethene (TPE). These three molecules exhibit three distinct &#960;-conjugated structures: linear <i>cis</i>-&#960;-conjugation, linear <i>trans</i>-&#960;-conjugation, and cross-&#960;-conjugation. Thereinto, TPEM and TPEEM molecules share the same TPE core, with identical &#960;-&#960; interaction distances, while the TEEPM molecule has acetylene groups between the TPE units, thereby increasing the &#960;-&#960; interaction distances between the benzene moieties. Using density functional theory calculations combined with non-equilibrium Green's function (DFT+NEGF), our results reveal that the conductance order of different &#960;-conjugated structures in TPEM and TPEEM molecules is as follows: <i>cis</i> &gt; cross &#8776; <i>trans</i>. Through analysis of transmission spectra, transmission pathways, and the innermost &#960; orbitals, we find that in TPEM and TPEEM molecules, the <i>cis</i>- and cross-&#960;-conjugated structures exhibit &#960;-&#960; interactions between benzene moieties and provide special through-space electron transport pathways, enhancing their electronic transport capabilities in coordination with the bonded molecular framework, whereas their <i>trans</i>-conjugated structures only allow electron transport along the molecular backbone. In contrast, in TEEPM molecule, due to the absence of &#960;-&#960; interactions, the conductance of different &#960;-conjugated structures is primarily determined by the molecular backbone and follows the order: <i>trans</i> &gt; <i>cis</i> &gt; cross. These findings provide a theoretical basis for designing single-molecule electronic devices with multiple electron channels based on intramolecular &#960;-&#960; interactions.

38095245

Face-to-face: isotretinoin use and pregnancy outcome.

Isotretinoin has been used to treat severe acne for more than 40 years. There are no accurate data on the absolute risk of potential teratogenicity to all fetuses exposed to isotretinoin. According to current guidelines, isotretinoin should be discontinued at least 1 month before pregnancy. This study enrolled pregnant women who contacted the Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit for individual drug risk assessment between 2016 and 2020. Data on maternal characteristics and isotretinoin exposures were obtained at first consultation. After delivery, follow-up calls were conducted using a structured questionnaire. Of 2,323 pregnant women consulted, 1.3% (31/2,323) had systemic isotretinoin exposure during and before pregnancy. Of 31 prospectively followed pregnancies, eight terminated electively. Most elective terminations (7/8) were performed because of the fear of fetal malformation. The majority of continued pregnancies (16/23) resulted in healthy live birth. There were no major birth defects. In six pregnancies, intrauterine deaths (three first trimester, three second trimester) were reported. Cesarean section was performed in 70.5% (12/17) of all deliveries. The median gestational age at birth was 39, and no preterm births were reported. Local isotretinoin treatments in six cases were evaluated and presented additionally, and all babies were born healthy. Based on the results of this study, there was no evidence of major birth defect, mental disorder, or retinoid embryopathy associated with the use of isotretinoin in pregnancy. Not local use, but systemic exposure to isotretinoin is of great concern that results in pregnancy termination.

38095246

Clinical trial: Combination allopurinol-thiopurine versus standard thiopurine in patients with IBD escalating to immunomodulators (the DECIDER study).

Thiopurines are established treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet concerns remain regarding their safety.

38095247

EGR1 and EGR2 positively regulate plant ABA signaling by modulating the phosphorylation of SnRK2.2.

During abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, reversible phosphorylation controls the activity and accumulation of class III SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2s (SnRK2s). While protein phosphatases that negatively regulate SnRK2s have been identified, those that positively regulate ABA signaling through SnRK2s are less understood. In this study, Arabidopsis thaliana mutants of Clade E Growth-Regulating 1 and 2 (EGR1/2), which belong to the protein phosphatase 2C family, exhibited reduced ABA sensitivity in terms of seed germination, cotyledon greening, and ABI5 accumulation. Conversely, overexpression increased these ABA-induced responses. Transcriptomic data revealed that most ABA-regulated genes in egr1 egr2 plants were expressed at reduced levels compared with those in Col-0 after ABA treatment. Abscisic acid up-regulated EGR1/2, which interact directly with SnRK2.2 through its C-terminal domain I. Genetic analysis demonstrated that EGR1/2 function through SnRK2.2 during ABA response. Furthermore, SnRK2.2 de-phosphorylation by EGR1/2 was identified at serine 31 within the ATP-binding pocket. A phospho-mimic mutation confirmed that phosphorylation at serine 31 inhibited SnRK2.2 activity and reduced ABA responsiveness in plants. Our findings highlight the positive role of EGR1/2 in regulating ABA signaling, they reveal a new mechanism for modulating SnRK2.2 activity, and provide novel insight into how plants fine-tune their responses to ABA.

38095249

38095250

[Overview and therapy update Crohn's disease].

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract. The pathophysiology of CD includes a disrupted interplay of intestinal bacteria, the intestinal immune system and the intestinal surface in genetically susceptible individuals, which remains incompletely understood. Conventional therapies include steroids, but numerous advanced therapies are also available. Three tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab pegol (Switzerland)) have been approved for MC. Additional treatment options include the interleukin (IL)-12/23 inhibitors ustekinumab and the integrin inhibitors vedolizumab. With risankizumab, a first selective IL-23 inhibitor for CD has been approved by the EMA in 2022. Moreover, the Janus kinase-1 inhibitor upadacitinib has been available for the treatment of CD in the EU since 2023. For localized CD, elective surgical resection also remains a valid option with good long-term outcomes. Perianal and fistulizing CD are difficult to treat and require a close interdisciplinary collaboration between gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons. Surgical fistula treatment with curative intent should only be performed in well-controlled CD. The recent increase in therapeutic options in CD is encouraging, since more safe and effective therapies are now available to patients. Nevertheless, CD remains an incurable disease and so far, for all existing treatments only a fraction of patients responds to the therapy. Therefore, the development of new therapies should continue.

38095248

Sleep, circadian activity patterns and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of actigraphy studies.

Transition to motherhood is a period full of challenges and demands. In this review, we focused on the associations of sleep and circadian activity patterns during and after pregnancy with postpartum mental health factors. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted (PROSPERO reference 316,505). A search for articles was performed using PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, DARE, hand search, and citation tracking. The search was meant to identify peer-reviewed, experimental and observational studies reporting on women over 18 years old that assessed sleep and circadian activity patterns during pregnancy or postpartum using actigraphy, and investigated postpartum mental health factors. Nineteen relevant publications were selected. Postpartum total sleep at night was the indicator that was most closely related to the psychological functioning of women after childbirth. The results of the systematic review indicated that postpartum total sleep at night was related to postpartum fatigue, and the results of the meta-analysis suggested that total sleep at night was most strongly linked with postpartum depression. More studies are needed to estimate the associations of sleep-wake rhythm during pregnancy and in the postpartum period with postpartum mental health factors.

38095252

[Extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease].

Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders that are not limited to the gastrointestinal tract. Many different organ systems may be involved, which makes IBD a systemic disease. The most common extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) include musculoskeletal, ophthalmological, dermatological, and hepato-biliary disorders. EIM considerably contribute to the morbidity of patients with IBD, and they limit quality of life of affected patients. Due to the diversity of the organ systems involved, care should be provided by an interdisciplinary team. Early detection of EIM allows targeted therapy and reduces overall morbidity. Of importance is the fact that EIM can occur in up to 25% of all IBD patients before the onset of the first Crohn's episode or ulcerative colitis. Therefore, all doctors, especially dermatologists, ophthalmologists and rheumatologists should be aware of this possible association between EIM and the simultaneous occurrence of intestinal symptoms.

38095251

[Overview and update on treatment in ulcerative colitis].

Ulcerative colitis is characterized by a chronic intestinal inflammation limited to the mucosa of the colon, of variable proximal extent. Main symptoms are diarrhea, possibly bloody, and abdominal pain. It evolves with phases of relapse and remission. The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis is made based on clinical, endoscopic, and histologic findings. Currently, the various drug treatment options act by, among other things, reducing the activity of the immune system locally or systemically. In mild to moderate forms, 5-ASA remains the mainstay of both induction and maintenance treatment. In more severe flares, cortisone is the treatment of choice. To limit the prolonged/repeated intake of corticosteroids, there are several options of biologics with distinct ranges of action and safety profiles for inducing and/or maintaining remission. Therapeutic goals are evolving and go beyond achieving clinical remission. Endoscopic and histological remission are new targets to further improve quality of life and limit long-term complications, such as colorectal cancer.

38095253

[Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pregnancy].

The incidence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is highest in the childbearing age. The diagnosis itself, but also the various treatment options available, often lead to uncertainties in affected women with regard to fertility, pregnancy and breastfeeding. Not only by providing affected women with good information, but also by planning and accompanying the pregnancy, optimal conditions for a complication-free pregnancy can be achieved.

38095254

[Chronic inflammatory bowel disease in elderly people].

Inflammatory bowel disease is mainly diagnosed in younger patients. However, the number of elderly patients (age > 60 years) affected by Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis is increasing. In the elderly, symptoms often differ from the younger population. Older patients generally present a milder clinical course and are less often affected by extraintestinal disease activity. Treatment options are similar to the ones in younger patients. Due to the higher risk of drug interactions and side effects, comorbidities and comedication of the older patients play a pivotal role in the selection of the specific treatment agent. In therapy refractory disease, surgical treatment is also a valuable option for patients > 60 years. Furthermore, vaccination, prevention of infections and regular cancer screening is mandatory in this vulnerable population.

38095255

[Modern endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease].

Endoscopic examinations play a very important role in the diagnosis, progress assessment, and therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This includes not only esophagogastroduodenoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and ileo-colonoscopy, but also assessment of the small intestine. The work-up of the small intestine is primarily carried out using non-invasive techniques (intestinal ultrasound, magnetic resonance enterography (MRE)). However, if the diagnosis remains unclear, a histological proof is necessary or an endoscopic intervention is required, capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted enteroscopy are used. Furthermore, endoscopic ultrasound is available to assess perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease, and ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) is used in certain patients with IBD-associated primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Given the high resolution of modern endoscopes and the availability of chromoendoscopy, dysplastic lesions are detected earlier and can often be resected endoscopically. In addition, short strictures/stenoses can be treated using balloon dilatations.

38095256

[Modern surgery for inflammatory bowel disease].

Despite the advances in the medical management, especially biologics, there are still clear indications for operative management of IBD. For Crohn's disease, surgical therapy plays an important role after failure of medical management and for treatment of complications. In recent years, however, there has been a change in the treatment philosophy of patients with isolated involvement of the ileocecal region, and for selected patients, primary surgical resection appears to be an equivalent treatment alternative to therapy with biologics. In ulcerative colitis, surgery offers the only curative option. In severe acute colitis, surgery is indicated when conservative treatment is not effective and/or when there is a risk of colonic perforation. Indications for elective surgery are failure of conservative therapy and malignant transformation. The ileoanal J-pouch reconstruction is the standard procedure after restorative proctocolectomy with excellent functional long-term results. The increasing complexity of indications and minimally invasive surgical techniques, as well as the demanding perioperative treatment, led to an increasing specialization in the surgical treatment of IBD patients, with IBD-surgeons collaborating as a team with gastroenterologists to optimize the outcome of IBD-patients.

38095257

[Eosinophilic oesophagitis and eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases].

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) was first described as an orphan disease in the 1990s, but its incidence and prevalence has increased dramatically in the last 20 years. EoE is now the most common cause of dysphagia in young adulthood. EoE is diagnosed endoscopically (with biopsies taken from the oesophagus). Treatment options consist of dietary measures and medications. The latter include PPI (as an off-label medication) and the approved drugs Jorveza (budesonide, topical cortisone preparation) and the monoclonal antibody Dupixent (dupilumab, subcutaneous). The response to therapy is high and the long-term outcome, if treated early, is excellent. However, the disease often remains undetected, mostly due to compensation mechanisms on the part of the patients. Much rarer than EoE are the non-EoE eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs), in which the eosinophilic tissue infiltration is found in gastrointestinal segments distal to the oesophagus. Their clinical presentation is often non-specific. Pathophysiologically, overlaps with EoE are present. Therapies are also analogous to EoE. An increasing prevalence and incidence is to be expected.

38095259

Suturing of a mucosal defect after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection using a combination of an anchor pronged clip and conventional clips.

Suturing of a mucosal defect after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) reduces the incidence of adverse events and shortens hospitalization. However, post-ESD mucosal defects are circular, large, and with a thick mucosal layer, which are difficult to suture using conventional clips alone. The MANTIS Clip (Boston Scientific Japan, Tokyo, Japan) is a reopenable, rotatable through-the-scope clip designed for large defect closure. It uses anchor prongs to securely grasp wound edges. The initial use of the MANTIS Clip significantly reduces mucosal defects, which then allows for easy suturing with conventional clips. We herein report a case in which the MANTIS Clip was useful for suturing a mucosal defect after gastric ESD.

38095261

Anxiety Sensitivity and Distress Tolerance in Relation to Smoking Abstinence Expectancies among Black Individuals Who Smoke.

Black individuals who smoke in the United States experience significant tobacco-related disparities. Although prior work has established that smoking abstinence expectancies play an important role in smoking-related outcomes, few studies have examined potential individual difference factors that may be relevant to smoking abstinence expectancies among Black individuals who smoke. The present study investigated anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance in relation to smoking abstinence expectancies among a sample of Black individuals who smoke.

38095258

MpTGA, together with MpNPR, regulates sexual reproduction and independently affects oil body formation in Marchantia polymorpha.

In angiosperms, basic leucine-zipper (bZIP) TGACG-motif-binding (TGA) transcription factors (TFs) regulate developmental and stress-related processes, the latter often involving NON EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES (NPR) coregulator interactions. To gain insight into their functions in an early diverging land-plant lineage, the single MpTGA and sole MpNPR genes were investigated in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. We generated Marchantia MpTGA and MpNPR knockout and overexpression mutants and conducted morphological, transcriptomic and expression studies. Furthermore, we investigated MpTGA interactions with wild-type and mutagenized MpNPR and expanded our analyses including TGA TFs from two streptophyte algae. Mptga mutants fail to induce the switch from vegetative to reproductive development and lack gametangiophore formation. MpTGA and MpNPR proteins interact and Mpnpr mutant analysis reveals a novel coregulatory NPR role in sexual reproduction. Additionally, MpTGA acts independently of MpNPR as a repressor of oil body (OB) formation and can thereby affect herbivory. The single MpTGA TF exerts a dual role in sexual reproduction and OB formation in Marchantia. Common activities of MpTGA/MpNPR in sexual development suggest that coregulatory interactions were established after emergence of land-plant-specific NPR genes and contributed to the diversification of TGA TF functions during land-plant evolution.

38095260

Maize DDK1 encoding an Importin-4 β protein is essential for seed development and grain filling by mediating nuclear exporting of eIF1A.

Nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking is crucial for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells due to the spatial separation of transcription and translation by the nuclear envelope. However, the mechanism underlying this process remains largely unknown in plants. In this study, we isolated a maize (Zea mays) mutant designated developmentally delayed kernel 1 (ddk1), which exhibits delayed seed development and slower filling. Ddk1 encodes a plant-specific protein known as Importin-4 β, and its mutation results in reduced 80S monosomes and suppressed protein synthesis. Through our investigations, we found that DDK1 interacts with eIF1A proteins in vivo. However, in vitro experiments revealed that this interaction exhibits low affinity in the absence of RanGTP. Additionally, while the eIF1A protein primarily localizes to the cytoplasm in the wild-type, it remains significantly retained within the nuclei of ddk1 mutants. These observations suggest that DDK1 functions as an exportin and collaborates with RanGTP to facilitate the nuclear export of eIF1A, consequently regulating endosperm development at the translational level. Importantly, both DDK1 and eIF1A are conserved among various plant species, implying the preservation of this regulatory module across diverse plants.

38095262

Clinical outcomes of obese and nonobese patients with atrial fibrillation according to associated metabolic abnormalities: A report from the COOL-AF registry.

The primary objective was to determine the influence of obesity and associated metabolic status on clinical outcomes of Asian patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

38095263

Monitoring biofilm thickness using the membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) fingerprint soft sensor to optimize nitrogen removal.

The ongoing commercialization and installation of full-scale membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) stimulate the increasing need to monitor biofilm development. Biofilm thickness in MABRs can be assessed indirectly by plotting the exhaust oxygen purity versus bulk ammonia concentration, defined here as the MABR fingerprint soft sensor. Dynamic simulations with diurnal flow variations of an MABR unit model were implemented over a broad range of biofilm thicknesses and influent conditions consisting of variable C/N ratios and applied ammonia fluxes to assess the utility of the MABR fingerprint. Results show that the continuously decreasing trend of the MABR fingerprint plot slopes can be employed as a useful signal for biofilm thickness control in nitrogen removal processes. This technique is useful in a wide range of influent conditions and is helpful for MABR operators and designers to arrange biofilm thickness control events efficiently and determine where in an overall treatment process the technique can be applied to control biofilm thickness and optimize process performance. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The linear relationship between exhaust oxygen purity and bulk ammonia concentration is defined as the MABR fingerprint plot. MABR fingerprint plots are generated for a given biofilm thickness with diurnal flow or short-term loading variations implemented. Continuously decreasing trends of the MABR fingerprint plot slopes are useful signals for biofilm control in nitrogen removal. The MABR fingerprint is useful over a wide range of influent conditions regarding C/N ratios and applied ammonia fluxes. MABR practitioners can use the fingerprint plots to determine when biofilm control measures should be taken.

38095264

Successful topical sirolimus treatment of epidermal nevus in a patient with phacomatosis spilosebacea.

38095266

Causation and Common Liability in the Progression of the US Opioid Crisis.

38095265

Self-compassionate reflective writing for affect regulation in Australian perinatal women.

The current study investigated the effect of a brief online self-compassionate reflective writing task on affect regulation in a sample of Australian perinatal women. Participants were 55 women (M_age &#8201;=&#8201;35.47, SD&#8201;=&#8201;3.79) who were pregnant (16.4%) and/or had an infant &lt;24&#8201;months old (76.4%). State self-compassion, positive and negative affect, and future help-seeking behavior intentions were compared at pre- and post-intervention while controlling for trait self-compassion. Inductive thematic analysis was used to extract themes regarding why participants deemed the intervention helpful or unhelpful. As hypothesized, global state self-compassion and intention to engage in self-care behavior were higher, and negative affect was lower, immediately post-intervention relative to pre-intervention scores. Follow-up subscale analyses revealed that the mechanisms of the shift in state self-compassion scores were via reduced self-judgment and overidentification and increased common humanity. There was no significant change in positive affect or intention to engage in help-seeking behavior. Most participants (75%) indicated that the task was helpful with themes identified as written format, changed perspective, dedicating time to reflect, improved mood, and practicing self-kindness. Self-compassionate reflective writing may be a brief and accessible psychosocial approach with the potential to foster healthy emotion regulation and coping among perinatal women.

38095267

A value-based healthcare model for initiating and switching psoriasis therapies-Results from the prospective multicentre IMPROVE study.

Little is known about the therapeutic benefits of a value-based healthcare model compared to a traditional activity-based incentive model in psoriasis (PsO).

38095268

Clinical and genetic characteristics of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 13: A systematic review of the literature.

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 13 (MODY13), a rare type of monogenic diabetes, is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. To improve early diagnosis and precise treatment, we performed a systematic review and analysis of the literature about MODY13.

38095269

The role of lipid dysregulation in gestational diabetes mellitus: Early prediction and postpartum prognosis.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pathological condition during pregnancy characterized by impaired glucose tolerance, and the failure of pancreatic beta-cells to respond appropriately to an increased insulin demand. However, while the majority of women with GDM will return to normoglycemia after delivery, they have up to a seven times higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes during midlife, compared with those with no history of GDM. Gestational diabetes mellitus also increases the risk of multiple metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Lipid metabolism undergoes significant changes throughout the gestational period, and lipid dysregulation is strongly associated with GDM and the progression to future type 2 diabetes. In addition to common lipid variables, discovery-based omics techniques, such as metabolomics and lipidomics, have identified lipid biomarkers that correlate with GDM. These lipid species also show considerable potential in predicting the onset of GDM and subsequent type 2 diabetes post-delivery. This review aims to update the current knowledge of the role that lipids play in the onset of GDM, with a focus on potential lipid biomarkers or metabolic pathways. These biomarkers may be useful in establishing predictive models to accurately predict the future onset of GDM and type 2 diabetes, and early intervention may help to reduce the complications associated with GDM.