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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื• ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืงืœืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ืœื” ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืจื›ืฉ. ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช : ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื›ืžื• ื ื™ืงื™ื• ืŸ, ืื‘ื˜ื—ื”, ื›ื‘ื™ืกื”, ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื”ืกืขื•ืช, ื”ืกืขื“ื” ื•ืขื•ื“. ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื2 . ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื” .__________________ .1 ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืื™ 2006. 2 ื‘ืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจืฉืื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืชืฉื™"ื- 1951. 470 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืžื›ื•ื—ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื•. ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืงื“ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืœื• ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืจื›ืฉ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื• ืจื›ืฉ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื™ื ื” ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ) ื•ืืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“, ื™ืงื‘ืข ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ืœ ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืื• ืžื›ืจื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ืื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื˜ืขืžื•, ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ื ื•. ื›ืœ ืื™ืžืช ืฉื™ืขืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื™ื•ื‘ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื–ื” ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืืžืฅ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืœืœื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืข"ืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื : ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืกืžืš ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ ื—ืœ ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•. ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 8 ืœืชืงื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ (ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 3), ื”ืชืฉืก"ื‘ - 2002 , ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืคืจืงื™ื 47-40 ื‘ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืœืžืขื˜ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช. ืžื›ื•ื— ื–ื” ื—ืœื™ื ื’ื ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืข"ืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™) ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื“ื•. ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื•ื ื›-300 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื•ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-20 .ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื .__________________ .3 ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื” - 1985 ,, ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: "ืขืžื•ืชื”, ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื• ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืชืงื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ". ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืช ืงืฆื™ื‘ (ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช), ื”ืชืฉืก"ื‘- 2002. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 471 . ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคืœื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื, ืฉืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื™ื•ื–ืžืชื. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ, ื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ื•ื—, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื™ืฉ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช : ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช) ื ืขืฉื” ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื™ื•ื ื™ 1999 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช) ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืขื“ ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืชื™ื”. ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื 120 ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2005 ื”ื™ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืจื™ืื’ื ื˜ื™ื, ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืจืคื•ืื™, ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช, 3-3.5 .ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1999 ืงื‘ืข ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื ื•ื”ืœ "ืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื". ืœืคื™ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื–ื”, ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืงืฉืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื, ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืื• ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื˜ืขืžื•, ืœืœื ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก "ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืฆื”ืจื”) ื•ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื—ืจืช ืื• ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, ื”ื“ื ื™ื ืื• ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื’ื•ืจื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืžืœื ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืฆื”ืจื”, ื’ื ืื ืœื“ืขืชื• ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ื ืžืฆื ืฉืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช , ืื™ืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื”. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื—ืœื• ืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืกื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื”ืฆื”ืจื”. ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช : ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื›ื‘ื™) ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ. ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžืฉืงื™, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืจืคื•ืื™, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื› -1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—. ืขื“ ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื›ื–ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืจื˜ ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืžื” ื”ื ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืœืžื ื™ืขืชื. ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื’ื ืœื ื”ื•ื ื—ื• ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืื ื™ืฉ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืื ืœืื•. ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื™ : ืœืขืชื™ื ืœืžื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœื™ื•, ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” 472 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืื—ื“ ืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื•. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื™ืขื“ื™ืฃ, ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื• ืฉืœื•, ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืžื• ื•ืœื ืขื ืกืคืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื™ืกืคืงื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ: ื ื•ื”ืœ "ืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื" ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. .๏ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกืžืš ืฉืœื”ื ื—ืœื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ, ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“, ื™ืงื‘ืข ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืœืคื™ื•. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืชืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื•, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื˜. ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื‘ืขื” ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื. .
[[5616, 6510]]
['ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกืžืš ืฉืœื”ื ื—ืœื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ, ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“, ื™ืงื‘ืข ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืœืคื™ื•. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืชืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื•, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื˜. ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื‘ืขื” ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื.']
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื’ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื™ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืจื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืจืข ื˜ืจื™ ืื• ืžื•ืงืคื ืฉื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ื”ื•ืคืฉืจ ืœืจื—ื ื”ืืฉื”. ืžืฉื ืช 1993 ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืข ื˜ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื–ืจืข ื ื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืื• 426 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื• ืœืขื•ื‘ืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื•ืงืคื ื•ื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข17 . ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื”ืขื (ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข), ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื˜ - 1979 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข), ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืื• ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืืœื ืื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื• ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืœื›ืš. ืชื ืื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื‘ื ืง ื™ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื•. ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืชื•ืจื ืœื ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข, ื•ืžื–ืจืข ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1992 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ) ืžื ื—ื” ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข (ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืจื˜ืกื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืœื–ืจืข ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข) ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ื•ืช (ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื–ืจืข ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ื) . ื›ืŸ ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข. ื‘ืืจืฅ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื 13 ,ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช), ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืกื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคืจื˜ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืœ-ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ "ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘), ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ "ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืฆืจื™ืคื™ืŸ" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื) ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช "ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ืข"ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ืงืžืคื•ืก ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•ืŸ" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืจื‘ื™ืŸ). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื”ื: ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ), ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืข"ืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื™ื‘ื); ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืข"ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืคื“ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืคื•ืจื™ื”); ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื›ืจืžืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื›ืจืžืœ) ื•ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืจืžื‘"ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืจืžื‘"ื)18 . ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื’ืขื” ืœืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003 - ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 . ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข; ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื–ืจืขื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื)19 ;; ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข; ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ืชืจื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืชื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”- FDA ) ืžืฉื ืช 2005 ; ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 199020 ื•ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”- FDA , ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ .__________________ .17 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”1. 18 ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื "ื”ืขืžืง" ื‘ืขืคื•ืœื”, ืขื ื” ืœืคื ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื•ืœื ืžืกืจ ืœื• ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื™ื; ื•ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจ, ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ "ื‘ืกื•ืจื•ืงื”" ื‘ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข, ืื™ื ื• ืžื’ื™ื™ืก ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ืืœื ืจืง ืฉื•ืžืจ ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื–ืจืขื, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช. 19 ืฉื•ืžืจ ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื ืคื’ืขื”, ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืชื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื” ืื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ, ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื“ืจื”, ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืชืื•ื ื• ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืื™ื‘ื”. 20 The American Fertility Society , New Guidelines for the Use of Semen Donation (1990) ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžืชื‘ืกืกื™ื ื”"ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช" ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2003 , ื•ื”ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคื™ื”ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 427 . ืื™ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื”ื ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข. ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื—ื ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื—ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2005 ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื› - 3,700 ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื› -45 . ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 ื•- 2005 ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืืœื” ื› -377 ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื 21 . ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื 2004 ื•- 2005 ื”ื™ื” ื›- 9,400 . ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ืžื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉื•ืžืจื™ื, ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ืŸ ืžื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื–ืจืขื ื ืฉืžืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. .ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข .ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืžื–ืจืขื• ืœืฉื ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืœืืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื ืฉื•ืื” ืœื• ืื• ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื•. ื”ืชื•ืจื ื”ื•ื ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ - ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœื ื ืžืกืจ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœื™ื•; ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคืจื• ืžื–ืจืขื•. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืชื•ืจื, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ืช ืžืžื ื• ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื• ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” 22 ื•ืขื’ื‘ืช23, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื™ื B ื•-C ,, ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค24, ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก25, ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH26 ื•ืกื•ื›ืจ. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืจืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืืฉื” ืื• ืืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื•. ื”- FDA ื•ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขื’ื‘ืช, ื”ืจืคืก ื•- CMV27 , ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืฉืœ ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžืกื•ื’.B ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืžืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืจืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืชืœืกืžื™ื”28, ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง-ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก 29 ื•ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืœื™ื”30 , ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ืงื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช. .__________________ .21 ืฉื™ืฉื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ืขืœ ื›-311 ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ืขืœ ื›-66 .ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื 22 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”4. 23 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”5. 24 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”6. 25 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”7. 26 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”3. 27 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”13 . ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืจืง ืื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข. 28 ืชืœืกืžื™ื”- ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืื ืžื™ื” ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืื ืžื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœืขื™ืจื•ื™ื™ ื“ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ื‘ืœื‘, ื•ืืฃ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื•ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ ืื™ -ืกืคื™ืงืช ืœื‘. ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง. 29 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”14. 30 ื”ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืœื™ื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื“ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื ืœื“ื™ืžื•ื ืจื‘ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืคืจืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ืžืขืจื› ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื‘ืžื•ื— ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘. 428 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื’ื ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื. 1. : ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืกืžื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืกื— ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืชื•ืจื ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื” ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื›ื™ ืœื ืฆืจืš ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื™ื•ื ืกืžื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื• ืžื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C , ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื›ืžื• ืกืคื™ืจืช ื“ื, CMV ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืชืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื—ื–ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื• ืœืขืฉืจื” ืž -29 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื› ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื—ื–ื”. 2. :ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 14 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค ื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”; ื•ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช CMV , ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื. 3. :ืจื‘ื™ืŸื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ -22 ืž-24 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืœื™ 200531 ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก, ื•ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค. ืขื•ื“ ื” ื•ืขืœื” ืฉ ื”ื™ื• ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืืžื ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืืš ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ - ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช CMV, ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก, ื•ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื—ื–ื”. 4. :ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ืืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกืจื• ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื , ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ, ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืขืœื” ืฉื’ื ื”ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื: ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื›ืจืžืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ (ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”, ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH , ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื). ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืข ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœืชื•ืจื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”32 ; ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื“ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืืžืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ื“ื ื•ื” -RH ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค; ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื, ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”; ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก. .__________________ .31 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 .ื”ืชื—ืœืฃ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ 32 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 429 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื•ืขื“ ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• 1. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช 33 ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืืฃ ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•. ืœื™ื“ืช ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืคื ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืœืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืœื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืคื•ืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืฉื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืงื‘ืœื•, ื”ืžื—ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื ื” ืืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื—ืกื•ื™ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื, ื•ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื ืืžืจ: "ืœืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื›ื ืื ืžื ื–ื” 34 ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื˜ืจื ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื–ืืช ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื’ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข, ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ืžื™ื35., ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื 2. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืคืจื˜ ืœืื™ืœื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื•. ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืž ื‘ืจืจื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื, ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื•ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื™ื•; ื•ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช. .__________________ .33 .ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื ื—ืœื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืชืŸ; ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ 34 .ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช 35 ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ืฉืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชื•ืจื ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื‘ ืœืขื•ื‘ืจ- ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš. 430 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช 1. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื”ื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื“ืง ื™ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœืฆืืฆืื™ื• ืžื—ืœื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืื• ื™ื—ืœื” ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืš ืœืžื ื•ืข ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื”. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื” ืชื•ืจืฉืชื™ืช ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“: ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื ื™ื™ืจ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงื™ืจื” ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ื”ืขืžื“ื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ, ื•ืข ื•ื“ ืฉืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ. ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืกืจื• ื—ืžืฉืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื, ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืื—ืช - ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก. ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืขืฉื•ืช, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืื’ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืืชืจ, ื•ืฉืชืจื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื™ืชืื™ืžื• ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ื ืฉืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืŸ ื ืฉืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื ื•ืฉืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช; ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ืฉืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืจืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ ื”ืขืžื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ืจืง ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืชืจื•ื ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช (ื›ืžื• ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื—ื•"ืœ). ืื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืžื”ื‘ื ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื”ื‘ื ืง ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ, ื•ืขืœื™ื” ืœืžืžื ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื”36 , ื›ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืฉืืจ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืจืง ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืฆืžืฆื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ื ืฉืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืืชืจ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืชืŸ. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžืžื™ ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš (ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื“, ืœืžืฉืœ) ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื•ืืฆืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืžื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืฉื ืช 1992 , ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื•ืžื™ ื™ืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื“ืข ืืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืกืงืจ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ37 , ื•ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื .__________________ .36 ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื™ื 1,700 .ืฉ"ื— 37 .ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืขื“ื›ื ื•ืช ืžืคืขื ืœืคืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 431 . ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ื™ืชืŸื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื•. 2. : ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืื• ืœืฆืืฆืื™ื”ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื•. ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืกืจื• ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืจืง ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื38 ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ -ื -ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืจืง ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ -ื -ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ื ืžืฆื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ื™ ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื“ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืขืฉืจื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ืœื ื ืฉืžืจื• ืœืžืชืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื ื˜ื™, ื•ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื• ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช. ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื, ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื–ื”ื•ืชื ื•ื‘ ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื ื˜ื™, ื”ืชืฉืก"ื- 2000. ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข 1. : ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืฉื•ืื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืกืจ39 ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื ืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉื ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื ืฉื•ื™ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืช ื” ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื•: ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืžืฆื ืฉืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื™ืœื“; ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืž-14 ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื•ืื™ื ื•ืื‘ื•ืช ืœืื—ื“ ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื; ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืž-19 ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื•ืื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื™ืœื“; ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืฆืœื• ื ืฉื•ืื™ื, ื•ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกืจ ืฉืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืฆืœื• ื ืฉื•ื™. 2. : ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข (ื) ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ "ืœื”ืžื ืข ืžืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืžืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื". ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืงื‘ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืชื•ืจื. ื’ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื”ื• ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื 40 .ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื ืœืงื—ื• ืžื”ื 21-69 ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื. ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื ืœืงื—ื• 14-43 ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื; ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ .__________________ .38 .ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื 39 ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืืคืจื™ืœ 1989 .ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข 40 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”10. 432 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื ืœืงื—ื• 45-87 ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื. ืฉื™ื‘ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืœืงื™ื—ืช 50-100 ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื ืžืชื•ืจื; ื•ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืœืงื™ื—ืช 100 .ืื™ืกื•ืคื™ื ืžืชื•ืจื (ื‘) ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉืจ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืื™ ื ื• ื ื•ืงื‘ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ ืžื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื. ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกืจื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื: ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชื™ืจื™ื 20 ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื; ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื, ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ - 15 . ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ื›ืจืžืœ ื•ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืžืกืจื• ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืœืงื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื• ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข. ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื–ืจืขื ืฉืœ 14 (ื›- 24% ) ืž-59 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืžื–ืจืขื ื ื•ืฆืจื• 15 ื•ืืฃ18 ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื–ืจืขื ืฉืœ 8 ืž-67 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2005 ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ืจื ืฉืžื–ืจืขื• ื ื•ืฆืจื•16 .ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 20 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื” ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžื”ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-15 , ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืชื™ืจ. ืœืื—ื“ ื ื•ืœื“ื• 25 ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืื—ื“- 21 ื•ืœืื—ื“- 16. ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื. ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2003 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœ-10 ืž-78 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื; ืžื”ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื• 26 ,21 ื•-20 ื™ืœื“ื™ื; ื•ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื”ื™ื•19 ,16 ,15 ื•-15 .ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืืฃ ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœืชื•ืจื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ืงื‘ืขื•. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ืื™ื ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). (ื’) ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื•ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœืชืจื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืื—ื“. ื•ืื•ืœื ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช, ื•ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœื ืชืจืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื”) ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื ืžื—ืชื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืชืจื•ื ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื; ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 22 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช41 ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืชืจืžื• ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื, ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื”ื ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช; ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืจืง ืžืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืชืจื•ื ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืง ืื—ืจ. .__________________ .41 ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื•ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005, ืžื•ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 433 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ื’ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืžื ืข ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืžื ืข ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื (ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืื ืชืจืžื• ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืฉืœื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืฆื•ืชื ืขืœ ืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœื”ื. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื›ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ื”ื•ืขืœ ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 200 ืœ-300 .ืฉ"ื— ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ืคื™ืง ืืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืœื™ื“ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื ืคืจื“ ืžืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื•ืกืจ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ืฉื ืชืŸ ืื•ืชื”. ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืื™ื ื• ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื‘ืขืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืžืกื™ืจืชื” ืœืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื ืžืฆื ื—ื“ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข; ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืžืชืŸ ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ืจื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื—ื“ืจื™ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืื™ื ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื. ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื” ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื• ืžืื•ื—ืกื ื™ื ื‘ื• ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื”; ื•ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื˜ื—ื•ื‘ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืื•ื•ืจืจ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ืชืœื•ื ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื“ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื ื• ืืœื™ื” ื’ื ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข, ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช, ื”ื•ื’ืฉื” ืœื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืžืจืก 2005 ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข, ื”ืชืฉืก"ื”- 200542 , ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื”ื”ืงืžืช ืžืจืฉื ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืœื™ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื. ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžืื’ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื– ืจืข ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” .__________________ .42 ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ., ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขื” ื–ื• 434 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืฉื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื- 1981 , ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืžืกืจ ืืœื ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข; ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืจืฉื ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข. ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื•ื”ืคืขืœืชื• ื™ืžื•ืžื ื• ืžืื’ืจื” ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืกื•ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. .ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข .1. ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช43 ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืคื’ืข ืื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžืžื—ืœื” ืžืžืืจืช, ืงืจื™ื ื”, ืื• ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ืืœื ืื ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื‘ืขืœื™ื•, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžืืฉืช ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ, ืœื ื™ืื•ื—ืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืคื˜ื™ืจื”, ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•. ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžืžืื™ืจื•ืช ืžืžื•ืžื ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื” ืžืœืฆืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื–ืจืขื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงืคืืชื• ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืชื•. ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืคื ื• ืืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืข. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืฉืžื“ื•ืช, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืชื•ืคืกื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš ืžื–ื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช. ืื™ ืœื›ืš ื•ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืืœื”. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช ื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช". ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืš ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื• ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืคืืช ื–ืจืข ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ื• ืื ื ื•ืชืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืชืจื•, ืื• ืื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืืœ ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืœื ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื’ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื• ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื–ืจืขื•. 2. ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื–ืจืขื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืžื”ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื ื•ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื‘ื ืงื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื. ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืžืฉื ืช .__________________ .43 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”11 ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 435 .1993 . ืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืœื ืฉื•ืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ 91% (705 ) ืžื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ( ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช625 ) ืžื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000. 3. ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืงื•ื‘ืข ืื ืขืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงืคืืช ื–ืจืขื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื• ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืงืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืื•ืชืจื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื” ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื•ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื ืขืฉื• ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช. 4. ืžืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืกืจื• ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื™ื‘ื ื•ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื–ืจืขื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ืš, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ, ืื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืข. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืื•ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ืคื’ืขื•, ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข. . .ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข .ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื”: ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื™ืจืฉืžื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืชืขื’ื‘ืช, ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก ื•ืกื•ื›ืจ. ื•ืื•ืœื ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืžืื– ื”ื•ืฆืืชื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 1992 , ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื• ืžืื– ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืœ. ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœื”ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœื”. ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืชืฆืœื™ื— ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ. ืขื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื“ืžืช, ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”, ื–ื™ื‘ื”, ืื™ื™ื“ืก, CMV , ืฆื”ื‘ืช ื•ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื ืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘: ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก, ืืš ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืžื—ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ืฉื ืช 2002 436 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืงื“ืžื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช; ื•ื›ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 , ื—ื™ื“ืฉื” ืืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืžื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืจื‘ื™ืŸ: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœ -15 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืœื—ืœืงืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ: ืœื—ืžืฉ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ืœืฉื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ื•ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืง ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ . ืืฃ ืฉืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C ; ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื• - CMV , ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืืจื‘ืข ืž -15 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก; ืœืืจื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช .CMV ; ืœืฉื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื“ืžืช; ืœ -14 ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ ื™ืงืช ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก; ื•ืœื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช. ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื: ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœ-19 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH, ืœ-15 ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ืœ-13 ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ื•ืœ - 15 .ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ืช ืž-19 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช: ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขื•ืœื” ื› ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื™ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืš ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืฉื™ืขืฉื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœืคื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื”ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืชื•ืจื ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืืฉื” ืคื ื•ื™ื” ื•ืืฆืœ ื–ื•ื’ ื ืฉื•ื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื’ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื ื™ืชื ืช ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืขืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืจื›ืฉื•ืช (ื›ืžื• ืฆื‘ืข ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืฆื‘ืข ืขื•ืจ, ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืขื™ืกื•ืง). ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื, ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืœืฉืชืคื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืขืœื™ื•; ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœื” ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 437 . ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืฉืžื•ื ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• (ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ืฉื™ื‘ื ื•ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื) ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื“ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ. ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ื•ืื—ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืžื™ื ืืฆืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ 1. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื44, ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืืฉื” ืคื•ืจื™ื™ื” ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ืขื“ 12 ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื” ืชืžื™ืžื”. ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืืฉื” ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืœื”. ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืœ 35-36 . ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืงืคื ื ื•ืคืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉืžื–ืจืข ื˜ืจื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœ -10% ืขื“15% ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘: ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืฉืื™ืช ืฉืœFD45 ืฉืชื™ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจื ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ื ืฉืื•ืชื• ืœืžื—ืœื”. ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจื. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2005 ื ืขืฉื• ืœื—ืžืฉ ื ืฉื™ื 8-14 ,ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื, ืœืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 3-12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืืš ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 ื•- 2004 ื”ืจืชื” ืื—ืช ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ืืš ื”ืคื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืฉ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ. ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืคื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจื. ืœืืฉื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืื™ืจืขื” ืœื” ื”ืคืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื—ื“, ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืข ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื” ื‘ื–ืจืขื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 ื•- 2005 . ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 59 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืชืจืžื• ืขื“ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืืฆืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” (12% ) ืžื”ื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ืคืœื” ื›-45% ืžื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืืฆืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ืคืœื” 10 ืž-23 ;ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืืฆืœ ืื—ื“ - 10 ืž-21 ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช; ื•ืืฆืœ ืื—ื“ - 8 ืž-19 ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช. .__________________ .44 ,ืจืื• ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืคื–ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื™ืœื“ , ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืœื–ื•ื’ ื”ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ( 1989 .) 45 ื“ื™ืกืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช - ืžื—ืœื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืงืฉื” ื”ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ื”ืคืจืขื” ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœืœื—ืฅ ื”ื“ื, ืœื“ื•ืคืง, ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘. ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ื“ืœืงื•ืช ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื”, ื•ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื› -30 ืฉื ื”. ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื”ื™ื 1:25. 438 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืจื‘ื™ืŸ: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ 15 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ: ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืจืชื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืชื•ืจื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืชื•ืจื ื') ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ืืš ื”ืคื™ืœื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ "ืžื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘" ืืฆืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 , ื‘ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”, ืืžื ื ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ืชื•ืจื ื', ืื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืชื•ืจื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื' ื•ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ืคืœื” ื•ืกื™ื‘ืชื”. ืžื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ื•ืžื”ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื' ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืœื” ื’ื ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืžื—ืœื” ืชื•ืจืฉืชื™ืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืจื•ื ืžื–ืจืขื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืœื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ-ืžืจืก 2006 ืชืจื ืขื•ื“ 15 ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข, ืฉื”ื•ื›ื ื• ืžื”ืŸ 40 ,ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื• ืžื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื' ื•ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืื™, ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ ื•ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืขื•ื“ 19 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” . ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจ, ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉื ืฉืœ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”- CMV , ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืจื•ื, ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ 2004 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืช ืž-15 ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืžืฉ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื•, ื•ืœืื—ืจืช ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžื–ืจืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2002 - ืžืจืก 2003 . 2. ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืชื•ืจื ืœื ืชื‘ื•ืฆืข ืืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื•ืžื–ืจืข ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข". ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื”ื–ืจืขื” ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืžื•ื›ืจ, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ -ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” (ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช). ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. 3. ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืชื™ ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืื™-ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื•ืžื™ื ืื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืžื–ืจืขื ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื ื ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื‘ื• ืชืจืžื• ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืืฆืœื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื• ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืื™ -ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืชื•ืจื ื•ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ืคืœื”, ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืฉื” (ื’ื™ืœ ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื); ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื” (ื”ืื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ื–ืจืข ื”ืชื•ืจื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ื™ืจื•ื“ื”) ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื”ื—ื™ืœืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 439 . . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข .ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข 1. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ืžื”ืชื•ืจื ืื•ืžืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื™ื ื ื‘ื“ืงืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื”, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืงืคืืช. ื”ืžื ื” ืžื•ืคืฉืจืช ื•ื ื‘ื“ืงืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื’ื ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื–ืจืข46, ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”47 ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”48. ืื ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื”ืงืคืื”49 ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข 50 ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื. ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ื ืื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื”ืžืžื•ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื“ ืกื•ื“ื™, ื•ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™ ืื• ื‘ืื“ื™ ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™ ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ 6 196- . ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”. ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื•ืฉื•ืžืจ ื–ืจืข. ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข. ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2003 ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืง ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ืงืคืื” ืœื–ืจืข ืงืคื•ื, ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื”ื›ื ืชื• ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื”, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข51 , ื•ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœื–ืจืข ืชืงื™ืŸ ื’ืืขืœ ืคื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืคื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ืืช ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข52. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข. ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. 2. )ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข (ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื• ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ - 44% ืž-90 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื™ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข .__________________ .46 .ืžืกืคืจ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืž"ืœ 47 ืžืกืคืจ ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ . 48 .ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืขื™ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืกืš ื›ืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืž"ืœ 49 ื‘ื“ื’ื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื ื‘ื“ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืข (ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื) ื•ืชื ื•ืขืชื™ื•ืชื• (ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”) ื›ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื. 50 .ื›ืœ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ืœืื—ืช ืขื“ ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืžื ื•ืช 51 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื”ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ - ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” (ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืžื“ื“ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ 4-1 ) ืชื”ื™ื”3 +; ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™- ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืจืข ืชืงื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืž-20 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืž"ืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข, ื•ืœืคื—ื•ืช50% ืžืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืž"ืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”. 52 ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข "ืคื™ื™ืจืคืงืก" ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื–ืจืข, ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืžืžื ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื”ื 25 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœืž"ืœ, ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” - 40% ; ืื ืœืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืฉ ืขืจื›ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”. 440 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข; ื•ื‘- 33% ืž-90 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื• ืืฃ ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข- ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘53 . 3. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื–ืจืข ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” (ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”) ื‘ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืงืค ืื”, ื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื•ืคืฉืจืช. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”, ื•ื”ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื ืชืจืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืจื•ืช. . ."ื’ื™ืœ" ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื•ืชืชื›ืŸ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื• ื•ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื". ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืœื“ืขืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื›ื™ ื‘ -64 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืžื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• 7-10 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• 9 ื•-7.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ 19 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœ-12 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืฉืข ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืงืคื ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ 16 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 ื•- 2005 ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” 6-10 ืฉื ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื• ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืงืคืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื›ืžื” ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืžืกืจื• ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืคืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื ื’ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื›ืœ. ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข "ืคื™ื™ืจืคืงืก" ืฉื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื™ื™ื‘ืื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ืืžืจ ืฉืืช ื›ืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื”ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœ ื•ื‘, ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื 54 ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื—ื•ื–ืจืช. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื”ื‘ืช. .__________________ .53 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”16. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 441 . ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฉืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™, ืฉื™ืžื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื’ื–ื™ืช ืžื•ื ืข ืžืขื‘ืจ ื ื’ื™ืคื™ื ืžืžื‘ื—ื ื” ืœืžื‘ื—ื ื”; ื•ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื” ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ืช ื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืจื•ื•ืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื•ื‘ืชืื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื™ืœื• ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื•ืช ืื• ื—ืฉื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืžื ืข ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืืœื”. ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ55 ื™ืžื ื” ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข; ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื™ืขืฉื” ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ืžืคืงื—ื™ื, ืฉืœืคื—ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืชื•ืืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื”56, ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื” ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ (ืฉื ืช 1992 ) ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช (ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ) ืœื ืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข. ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ื”ื ืžื“ื“ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข 57 ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื• ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฆืžื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช 58 , .ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ื ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื ื™ืชืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืจืฉื ื‘ื”ื ื›ืžื” ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื ื•ืชืจื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืœืื™ ื”ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ . .54 ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ - ื ืฉืžืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืื“ื™ ื—ื ืงืŸ. 55 .ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข 56 ืชื•ืืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืขื ืคื™ื ื”ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ ื ื•ื”ืœ: ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ ื•ื’ื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ืžื˜ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื• ืื ื“ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”. 57 ืœืžืฉืœ: ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข , ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”, ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื•ื”ืฉื˜ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข. 58 .ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืœืŸ ื•ื‘ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ 442 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ื—ื ืงืŸ59 . ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืขืœืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ืžื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื• ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. . ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืจื•ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืืช ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื• ืžืกืคืจ ืžื–ื”ื” ืฉืœื”. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ 20 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืกื•ืชื, ืœืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืžื“ื™ืงืœ ืกื ื˜ืจ 60 ื•ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ, ืืš ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื• ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื•ื’ื ืœื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืžื›ืจ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืกื•ืจื•ืงื”100 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืœื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื, ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžื”ืฉื™ืž ื•ืฉ ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืจื•ืคื ื•ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ืื• ืœืจื•ืคื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืกืงืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื•, ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืฆืจืฃ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื‘ื”ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื 61 ; ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืงืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ; ื•ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืืฆืœื, ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืงื™ื ืฉืžื”ื ืงื ื• ืื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืคื•ืฆืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ืงืคืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• ื•ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืงืคืื” ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ืช ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืขื”. .__________________ .59 ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื™ืชืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื”ื™ืชืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื‘- 27-66 .ืžื ื•ืช 60 .ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ 61 .ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ืงื ื• ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 443 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื™ืฆื™ืืชืŸ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื–ืจืขื” (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”). ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ. ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื”ื ืงื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ 1. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001 ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื•ื‘ื• ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ื–ืืช (ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฉืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™) ืœื™ื™ื‘ื ื–ืจืข ืžื—ื•"ืœ. ื›ืœ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืืช ืžื—ื•"ืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื ื™ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืœืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฆื•ืจืคื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืชื•ืจื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืจืง ืœื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื”. ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื•ืช ืžืืจื”"ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื• 220-340 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื ื”. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื ื—ื” ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจื ื–ืจ ืื—ื“. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ (ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ) ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื—ื•"ืœ - ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื, ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืœื”ื (ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช) ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžื–ืจืขื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. 2. "ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืจื›ืฉ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข "ืคื™ื™ืจืคืงืก ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืฉืœ 37 ( 80% ) ืž-46 ื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื ืจื›ืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ื”; ื•ื›ื™ ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ ื ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืืจืฅ. .๏‰ . ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกืคืง ืœืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื”ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืœื“ืช ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื™ืงื‘ืข 444 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืจื›ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื, ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”, ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘. .ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข .1. ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื–ืจืข. ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ, ืžืกื™ืจืชืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžื™ื“ื™ (ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื ืฉื•ืื™ื) ืื• ื”ืงืคืืชืŸ, ื”ืคืฉืจืชืŸ ื•ื”ื›ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ (ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืชื•ืš-ืจื—ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ื ืงืŸ ืฉืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ื‘ื”ื. ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื (ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช), ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื–- 1977 , ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื“ื ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงื ื•ืช. 2. ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ื ื”. ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื–ืืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 1993 ื ื”ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจืข. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช, ื•ืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื”. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ืงืจืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช - ื‘ืงืจื” ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืขื‘ื“ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื ืชื— ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื•ืžืกืงื ื•ืชื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื”, ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ ื•ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช, ื•ื’ื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ) ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2003 ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื“ืจื™ ืš ื•ื‘ื• ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืกืคืง ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื ื”ืœื™ื ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช, ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืœื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื ื”ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืจืžื‘"ื, ืœืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ืœื›ืจืžืœ, ืœืคื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืœืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช, ืœื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืœื ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช; ืžื—ืฆื™ืชื ืืฃ ืœื ื“ืื’ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003 - ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 (ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช) ืขืฉืชื” ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื–ืจืข: ืื—ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ื•ืื—ืช ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืžื“ื™ืงืœ ืกื ื˜ืจ . ื”ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 445 .ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2003 , ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืœ ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. .๏‰ . ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจืข ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืคื™ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ -ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื”. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช), ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื™ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื. .ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข .1. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ : ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืžืžืื™ 1991 ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืขืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืง ืœืคื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ื•, ืœืคื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช, ืœืคื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื•ืœืคื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื•. ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžืกืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจ, ื™ื“ื ื™ ืื• ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ื•ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืง, ื•ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 , ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื ืง, ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื™ื“ื ื™ ื•ืœื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข. ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ื›- 1,600 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื "ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ" ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื—ื™ ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื; ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืงื‘ ืื™ -ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืื™ -ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืœื”ื ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื”ืงืคืื”, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ; ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื“ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื”. .2. ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2002 ืคื ื” ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืœืชืช ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืชืงื ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ "ืœืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืฉ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจื‘ื”. ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืขื ืง ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื•ื–ืจ 'ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื“ืจ'". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ, ื‘ืกื•ืจื•ืงื”, ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื - ืจืžื‘"ื, ื›ืจืžืœ, ืจื‘ื™ืŸ 446 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื•ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžืกืคืจืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืื•ื—ืกื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ื ืงืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื; ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ; ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืง; ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืงืคืื” ืขื“ ืœื”ืคืฉืจื” ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื—ืกื™ื•ื ื, ืื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ืื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช. .ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข .ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืคืืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืชื• ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื›ืŸ ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืžืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื–ืจืข. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืžืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืชื•ืš-ืจื—ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 300 ืฉ"ื— ืœ-628 ืฉ"ื—, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื ืช ื”ื–ืจืข. ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘ื” ืžืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 460 ืฉ"ื— ืœ -625 ืฉ"ื—. ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืงื•ื ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจ ืข ืžืชื•ืจื ื•ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืชื• ืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 220 ืฉ"ื— ืœ -300 ืฉ"ื— (ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• 6,030 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื•-740 ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ื•ืช). ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืœืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข62 ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื›-4 :ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืžืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื›-5.88 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืฉื™ื‘ื ืžืกืจ ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืœื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2005 40%-30% ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข. ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื‘ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2005 ืžื•ืขืจืš ื‘- 790,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื”ื™ื• ื› -8.32 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—- ืคื™ 1.4 .ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื’ื“ืœื•, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื ืืœืฆื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ .__________________ .62 .ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘, ืฉื™ื‘ื, ื›ืจืžืœ, ืกื•ืจื•ืงื”, ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 447 . ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืื—ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื. .ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื—ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื .1. ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ : ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ืžืื– ื ืงื‘ืข ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื—ืœื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ืจืคื•ืื”, ืื•ื‘ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืชืŸ ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืžื–ืจืขื. ืืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. .ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ, ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ืื—ืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจืข. ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื: ืœืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข; ืœืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข; ืœืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจืข. ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืกืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ื•ื™ื•ืคืฅ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ; ืืš ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ., ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื˜ืจื ื ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ "ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช... ืžืฆืคื” ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืชืฃ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื›ื ืช ื ื•ื”ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื... ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืฉื•ืช... ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช... ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื• ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืฉืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงืจื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ืžืฆืžื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื›ื ืกื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง". 2. ื”ืคื™ืง ื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข: ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 , ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ืฉื•ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข. ืจืง ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 , ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื (ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”) ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื”ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. 448 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .3. : ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืคื™ืงื— ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื”ืชืจื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืชื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ื”ืŸ. .๏‰ . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืžื™ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื›ืžืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืคื™ืงื— ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื•. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืจื‘- ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช (ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข, ืžื•ืžื—ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื’ื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ื’ื  ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื, ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“), ืฉืชื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ื‘ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ. .๏ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจืš ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื™ื”, ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืฉื™ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืžืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ื”ืคืขืœื” ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื”ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื—ืกื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ืงืฉื” ื•ืจื’ื™ืฉ, ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ืœื”ืŸ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ืœืฉื ืžื ื™ืขืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื•ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช. ืืš ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืข ืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 449 . ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืชื; ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื•ืœืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช. ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืืžืชืŸ ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•, ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืื—ื“.
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['1. : ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืกืžื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืกื— ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืชื•ืจื ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื” ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื›ื™ ืœื ืฆืจืš ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื™ื•ื ืกืžื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื• ืžื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C , ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.', '2. :ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 14 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค ื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”; ื•ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช CMV , ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื. 3. :ืจื‘ื™ืŸื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ -22 ืž-24 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืœื™ 200531 ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ืœืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™ -ื–ืงืก, ื•ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค. ืขื•ื“ ื” ื•ืขืœื” ืฉ ื”ื™ื• ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืืžื ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืืš ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ - ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช CMV, ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก, ื•ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื—ื–ื”. 4. :ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ืืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกืจื• ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื , ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ, ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืขืœื” ืฉื’ื ื”ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื: ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื›ืจืžืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ (ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”, ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH , ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื). ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืข ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœืชื•ืจื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”32 ; ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื“ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืืžืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ื“ื ื•ื” -RH ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ืค; ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื, ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”; ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก.', '. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื•ืขื“ ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื’ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข, ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ืžื™ื35., ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื•ืืฆืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืžื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืฉื ืช 1992 , ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื•ืžื™ ื™ืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื“ืข ืืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืกืงืจ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ37 , ื•ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื', '. ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ื™ืชืŸื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื•.', 'ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื—ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื, ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื—ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื–ื”ื•ืชื ื•ื‘ ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื ื˜ื™, ื”ืชืฉืก"ื- 2000.', 'ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื–ืจืขื ืฉืœ 14 (ื›- 24% ) ืž-59 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืžื–ืจืขื ื ื•ืฆืจื• 15 ื•ืืฃ18 ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื–ืจืขื ืฉืœ 8 ืž-67 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2005 ื ื•ืฆืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ืจื ืฉืžื–ืจืขื• ื ื•ืฆืจื•16 .ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ 20 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื” ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžื”ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-15 , ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืชื™ืจ. ืœืื—ื“ ื ื•ืœื“ื• 25 ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืื—ื“- 21 ื•ืœืื—ื“- 16. ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื. ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2003 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœ-10 ืž-78 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื; ืžื”ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื• 26 ,21 ื•-20 ื™ืœื“ื™ื; ื•ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื”ื™ื•19 ,16 ,15 ื•-15 .ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืืฃ ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœืชื•ืจื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ืงื‘ืขื•.', '. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ื’ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืžื ืข ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืžื ืข ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื (ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ืจืข ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืื ืชืจืžื• ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืกื•ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื.', 'ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืš ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื• ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืคืืช ื–ืจืข ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ื• ืื ื ื•ืชืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืชืจื•, ืื• ืื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืืœ ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืœื ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื’ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื• ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื–ืจืขื•.', 'ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืื•ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ืคื’ืขื•, ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข.', 'ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘: ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก, ืืš ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืžื—ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ืฉื ืช 2002', '.ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืงื“ืžื” ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช; ื•ื›ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 , ื—ื™ื“ืฉื” ืืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืžื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืจื‘ื™ืŸ: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœ -15 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืœื—ืœืงืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ: ืœื—ืžืฉ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ืœืฉื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ื•ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืง ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ . ืืฃ ืฉืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C ; ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื• - CMV , ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืืจื‘ืข ืž -15 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก; ืœืืจื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช .CMV ; ืœืฉื‘ืข ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื“ืžืช; ืœ -14 ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ ื™ืงืช ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื‘ืจื•ื–ื™ืก; ื•ืœื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช. ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื: ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœ-19 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกื•ื’ ื“ื ื•-RH, ืœ-15 ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืขื’ื‘ืช; ืœ-13 ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ื™-ื–ืงืก; ื•ืœ - 15 .ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฆื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื B ื•-C ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ืช ืž-19 ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœืคื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืกืงืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื”ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื•ืช.', 'ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ. ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื ื•ืื—ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืžื™ื ืืฆืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข.', 'ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘: ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืฉืื™ืช ืฉืœFD45 ืฉืชื™ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจื ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื” ื ืฉืื•ืชื• ืœืžื—ืœื”. ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจื.', 'ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจ, ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉื ืฉืœ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”- CMV , ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืจื•ื, ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ 2004 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืช ืž-15 ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืžืฉ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื•, ื•ืœืื—ืจืช ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืžื–ืจืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2002 - ืžืจืก 2003 .', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื• ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ืื™ -ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ.', '2. )ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข (ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื• ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ - 44% ืž-90 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื™ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข', '.ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข; ื•ื‘- 33% ืž-90 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื• ืืฃ ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื–ืจืข- ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘53 .', 'ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื›ื™ ื‘ -64 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืžื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื• ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• 7-10 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื• 9 ื•-7.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ 19 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœ-12 ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืฉืข ืžื”ืŸ ืœื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืงืคื ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ืœื”ื–ืจืขื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ 16 ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 ื•- 2005 ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” 6-10 ืฉื ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืœื ื ืจืฉืžื• ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืงืคืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื™ืœื• ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื•ืช ืื• ื—ืฉื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืžื ืข ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืืœื”.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข. ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ื”ื ืžื“ื“ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข 57 ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื• ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื‘ ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฆืžื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช 58 , .ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ื ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœืฆืจืฃ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื‘ื”ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื 61 ; ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืงืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ; ื•ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืฉืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ืืฆืœื, ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ื ืงื™ื ืฉืžื”ื ืงื ื• ืื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ.', '. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื™ืฆื™ืืชืŸ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื–ืจืขื” (ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”). ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ.', 'ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืœื”ื (ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช) ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœื”ื ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžื–ืจืขื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. 2. "ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืจื›ืฉ ืžื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข "ืคื™ื™ืจืคืงืก ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืฉืœ 37 ( 80% ) ืž-46 ื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื ืจื›ืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื–ื”; ื•ื›ื™ ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ ื ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื”ืงืคืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืืจืฅ.', 'ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกืคืง ืœืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื”ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืœื“ืช ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื™ืงื‘ืข', '.ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืจื›ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื–ืขืจื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจืขื•ื ื™ื, ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”, ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ื”ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘.', 'ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืฉื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช, ืœื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืœื ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช; ืžื—ืฆื™ืชื ืืฃ ืœื ื“ืื’ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆืžื ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.', 'ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจืข ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืคื™ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ -ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื”. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช), ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื™ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื.', 'ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ -ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืงืคืื•ืช ื›- 1,600 ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื "ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ" ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื—ื™ ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื; ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืœื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืงื‘ ืื™ -ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืื™ -ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืœื”ื ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื›ืจืžืœ, ื‘ืกื•ืจื•ืงื”, ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื - ืจืžื‘"ื, ื›ืจืžืœ, ืจื‘ื™ืŸ', '.ื•ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžืกืคืจืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืื•ื—ืกื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ื ืงืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื–ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื; ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ; ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืง; ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืงืคืื” ืขื“ ืœื”ืคืฉืจื” ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”; ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื—ืกื™ื•ื ื, ืื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ืื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.', 'ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื’ื“ืœื•, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื ืืœืฆื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ', '. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืื—ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื.', '.1. ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ : ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ืจืข. ืžืื– ื ืงื‘ืข ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื—ืœื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ืจืคื•ืื”, ืื•ื‘ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืชืŸ ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืžื–ืจืขื. ืืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”; ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.', '2. ื”ืคื™ืง ื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข: ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 , ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ืฉื•ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข. ืจืง ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 , ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืคื (ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”) ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื”ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืจืข, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.', '.3. : ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืคื™ืงื— ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื ื”ืชืจื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืชื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ื”ืŸ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืžื™ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื›ืžืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืคื™ืงื— ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื•. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืจื‘- ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช (ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข, ืžื•ืžื—ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื’ื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ื’ื  ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื, ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“), ืฉืชื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื–ืจืข, ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื”ืงืคืื” ื•ื‘ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ.', 'ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจืš ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื™ื”, ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืฉื™ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืžืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžื ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ืœื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช. ื”ืคืขืœื” ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื”ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื—ืกื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื” ื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ืงืฉื” ื•ืจื’ื™ืฉ, ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ืœื”ืŸ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื”ื–ืจืขื”. ืœืฉื ืžื ื™ืขืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื•ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ื”ื–ืจืขื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช. ืืš ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”, ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืœืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืข ืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช', '. ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืชื; ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ื•ืœืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื. ืขืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžืช ื–ืจืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช. ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืืžืชืŸ ืœืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื–ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•, ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืื—ื“.']
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ื‘ื ืงื™ ื–ืจืข
โ™ฆ . 380 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“ - 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื” ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื›ื™ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช) ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืกืœ), ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ืื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื•ืื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืคืœื™ื. 1. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช), ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช) ื•ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืžื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ: ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืื• ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช ื‘ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ; ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืื’ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื; ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื; ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื› - 52,000 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›-70 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ( 1995 ). ื”ืŸ ื ื”ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื–ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื•ื’ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืขื•ืกืงืช ืจืง ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. 2. ืœื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื, ืฉืœื ื›ื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”, ื•ืืฃ ืื™ื ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืชื. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืœ-ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื• ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืžื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขืช ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื ืฉ"ืž). .ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื .1. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขื ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื ืงื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. 2. ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื, ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 381 . ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. 3. ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 1998 ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืชืช ืื•ืชื”. 4. ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื›ืš ืฉืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื•ืชื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืœื ืื• ื”ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืฉื‘"ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฆื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. 5. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 ,, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžื’ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืขื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืขืฉื”. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ) ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื›ื™ ื™ืžืกืจื• ืœื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืืช ืขืžื“ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืž ื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื•ืจื” ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืœืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘"ืŸ ื‘ - 1.2.07 . ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืชืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืื• ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื. ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื•ื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช 1. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื” 32,364 , ื•ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื - 14,652 . 2. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ18 , ืฉื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืœืžืขื˜ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืžืจืฉื ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 18%-72% ;ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 20% ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 30% ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 50% ืขืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ30% ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 50% ืขืœ ื”ืกืขืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื• ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ30% ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” 382 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ; ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 30% ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”; ื•ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 30% .ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืœืื ื•ืœื™ืœื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื’ืžืœืื™ื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 30% ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื•ื ืืฉืคื•ื– ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘. ื›ื™ื•ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืขื“ 30 ืฉ"ื—. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘- 20% ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืชืจืคื•ื™ื˜ื™, ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื˜ื™ (ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื”), ืขืœ ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืฉืœืžืช ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ. 3. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ื ืืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-66 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜: ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-61 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืžืชื•ื›ื7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื”ื ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื ืจ ืฉืžืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช, ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคื•ืช; ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื› -3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—; ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ื›-0.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—; ื•ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืฉืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-0.5 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื”ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” 4. ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -30 ืฉื ื”, ื•ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืขื•ื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™). ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1994 ( ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืœื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ 1.1.95 ), ื”ื•ืชื ื” ืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืกืคื™ ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ื—ืชืžื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1994 ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™, ืฉื‘ื• ืฆื•ืžืฆืžื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื”. 5. ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ืขืœืชื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 ื‘ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื ื”ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืจืืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ: (ื) ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžืจ ื–ืื‘ ื•ื•ืจืžื‘ืจื ื“ ื”ืขืœื” ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉืฉื™ื’ืจ ืœืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื•ื” ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื“ืื– ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2003 . ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขืžื“ืชื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืชืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื, ืืฃ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™, ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืœืื™ื–ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื", ื•ื”ืฆื™ืข ื›ื™ "ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ, ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืขืœืช ืฆืขื“ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื”". ื’ื ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003 ืœื“"ืจ ืื™ื™ืœื™ื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืกื’ืŸ ื™ื•"ืจ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคืื™ ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืฉื ืชืคืกืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ื ื• ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื”ื. ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื›ื™ "ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื• ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืฆืจืคื™ ืฉืชื—ืกื•ืš ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืžืฆืจืคื™ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ื–ืืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื”ื ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืœืฉื ืงื‘ืœืชืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื ื”ื™ื• ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืื ืœืงื—ืชืŸ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื• ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืžื•ื ืข ื’ื ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืœืจืขื”, ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื” (ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื”, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•')". (ื‘) ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืขื•"ื“ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืขื‘ืื“ื™-ื‘ื•ื™ืื ื’'ื• ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื“ืื– ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื›ื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ "ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื" ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 383 .)(ื’ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ืืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื ื—ืจืฆืช ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืœื›ืœ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืข" ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช 1. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืงื•ืคื” 2,537 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•-433 ื’ืžืœืื™ื. 2. ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ60% ืขืœ ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœืžืขื˜ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืžืจืฉื) ื•ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 50% ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืฉื‘"ืŸ. ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืฉืจืชื• 50% ื•ืžืขืœื”, ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื• ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ18 ; ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ื—ื•ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื• ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 18 ; ื’ืžืœืื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืœืคื—ื•ืช 50% ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš20 ืฉื ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื’ืžืœืชื• ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-20% , ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื• ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 18 . ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘- 2005 ืขืœื• ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื” ื› -2.3 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—1.15 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืžืชื•ื›ื ืขืœืชื” ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช; 0.24 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืžืชื•ื›ื ืขืœื” ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื; 0.24 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืžืชื•ื›ื ืขืœื” ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื; ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-0.64 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืžืชื•ื›ื ืขืœืชื” ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ (50% .) 3. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžืžืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื. 4. ,ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื ื—ืชื ื‘ืžืจืก 2004 ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืขื“ ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืขื“ ื ื”ื ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื—ืชืžื• ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื•ื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื›ืชื•ื‘. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื”, ืžื™ ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื”ืŸ ื•ืžื”ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืชืŸ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื ื•ื”ื’ ืฉืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœื• ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. 384 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ . ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช 1. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืงื•ืคื” 4,125 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•-345 .ื’ืžืœืื™ื 2,009 .ืžืชื•ื›ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ 2. ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืื• ืขื ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื•ืชืง ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืžืขืœื”, ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 21 , ื’ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช 15 ืฉื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืคืจื™ืฉืชื, ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 21 .. ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”: ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช; ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืื’ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ื ืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ื•ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช "ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืขื“ื™ืฃ" (ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื: 40% ;ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื50% ;ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืื‘40% ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”; ื• -5% ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื—ื•"ืœ . ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช, ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื” ื‘- 2005 ื ืืžื“ืช ื‘ื›- 675,000 .ืฉ"ื— 440,000 ;ืฉ"ื— ืžืชื•ื›ื ืขืœื” ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื”ื™ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช 100,000 ืฉ"ื— ืขืœื” ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ; 110,000 ืฉ"ื— ืขืœืชื” ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื; ื•- 25,000 .ืฉ"ื— ืขืœื• ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” 3. ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื ื”ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ื–ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื’ื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื ื”ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžื™ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืชืŸ. .ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ .ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื ืกื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉื›ื›ืœืœ, ืขืžื“ืชื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืชืงื‘ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™, ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื ืื” ืื• ืงืฆื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืžืขื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื›ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 2(2 .) ืœืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” 1. ืœื›ืœืœื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืž - 1992 , ื•ืœืคื™ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื ืกื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืฉืœืžืช ืžืก, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคื•ืช ืฉื ืจืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื’ื ืžืฉืœืžืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-0.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื” ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžื ื›ื” ืžืก ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. 2. ืืฉืจ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ ื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ - 2004 ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื ื”ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื’ื™ืœืžื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืœื ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื” ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืก ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืœืฉืœื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 , ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 385 . ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข, ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื”. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. 3. ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื ื›ื” ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 ื ืืžื“ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืก ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื”ืŸ ื‘- 600,000 .ืฉ"ื— 4. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืก, ืœื ื›ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื›ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืžื’ืขื™ื ืขื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. .ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื .ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฆืจื•ืš ืžืขืช ืœืขืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ืื• ืœื”ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืขื“ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชื• ื›ืžื” ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”4, ื•ื”ื ืืฃ ืื™ื ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืชื. ืชืžื•ืจืช ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืœืžืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืกื›ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืกืคืจืŸ. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื”ืขื ืงืช ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื•ืื›ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืœื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขืช ืฉื‘ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื ืฉ"ืž) ื”ื•ืขืœื• ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ืœื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ .__________________ .4 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ื” (ื˜ื•ืคืก 17.) 386 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื—ื™ื ื. ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื• ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ ืขืœ ืฉื ืคืœื™ืžืŸ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2001 ืฉืœื—ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ ืขืœ ืฉื ืคืœื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™) ืชืœื•ื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืž ื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ืชืœื•ื ื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื” ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช) ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™, ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื•ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘. ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ ื‘ืžื—ืœืงืช ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืฉื ื” ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืฉืคื•ื– ื™ื•ื, ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื ื”ืฆืจื™ืš ื–ืืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื”, ืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื’ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื›ืื™ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืชืŸ ืืœืคื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื, ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื˜ื•ืคืœื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืžื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื, ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช, ื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื˜ืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืŸ ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื›ื™ ืขื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื ืกื• ืจื˜ืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ืื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™, ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2001 ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืชืœื•ื ื” ืœืื’ืฃ ืœื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขืช ื‘ื ืฉ"ืž. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืœื•ื ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ืื›ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืœืืžื”. ืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื˜ื•ืคืœื” ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืืฉืคื•ื– ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืฉื ื” ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื, ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืงืœื• ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขืช ื‘ื ืฉ"ืž, ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2002 ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืชื™ืง ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ืฉ"ืž, ื•ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2003 ื”ืจืฉื™ืข ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืžืขืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื—ืกื• ืœื”. ื‘ื’ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื ื”ืœืช ืื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ืื—ืจ. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2004 .ืคืจืฉื” ืœื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื‘- 2004 ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืœืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืงื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื), ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ "ืฉื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช", ื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื“ื•ืช, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืืฉืคื•ื–. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2005 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉ ื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ "ื“ื•ื— ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื: ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื ื ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ืœื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื—ื™ืคื”" . ืžื”ื“ื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืขื“ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืคื™ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื - ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื“"ืจ ืืžื ื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคื ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื - ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 387 . ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ืืš ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื•ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืขืœื• ื’ื ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ ืกื“ืจื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื•ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื—ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื”, ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ: 1. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื - "ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" : ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืœื˜ืขื ืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคืจืกื ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืœืžื•ื ื— "ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ", ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืœ"ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืกื’ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” - ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื. ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืงื‘ืข ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1980 .ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื“ืื– ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœืœืชื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื™ - ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืขืœื•ืชืŸ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื ื ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ. 2. ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™, ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื• ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื—ื™ืคื”. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื 5 ืื™ืฉืจื• ื” ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ืื– ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื—ื™ืคื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•, ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื ื, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื. ืžื”ื“ื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ืจื” ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ื–ื”. 3. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ืœ"ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื›ื™ ืื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืชื•ืจื—ื‘, ื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ืขืžื“ืชื” ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ื ื ืœ"ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื”ื. ืขื•ื“ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ืืฉืจ ืœืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืกื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื“ื“ ื•ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™, ื•ืœื ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื. .__________________ .5 ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื. 388 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ืœ"ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืขืœ ืฉื ืื“ื™ืช ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003 ืžื™ื ื” ืžื ื”ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืงืจืŸ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื) ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืฆื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืขืœ ืฉื ืื“ื™ืช ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื). ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื•ืกื›ื ืขื ื“"ืจ ืžืฉื” ืžืฉื™ื— ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื“ืื– ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื• ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื›ื™ืžื™ืช, ื•ื™ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ "ื“ื•ื— ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืจืคื•ืื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื›ื™ืžื™ืช" ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืžื”ื“ื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ื•ื›ื™ืžื™ื” "ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ืื™ ืกื“ืจื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช, ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื”ื". ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘. ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืฉืื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืชื•ืจื—ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื ื—ื™ื•ื‘. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ 2005 ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื“ื•ื— ืœื—ืงื™ืจืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืžืื™ 2006 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื” ืœืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื– ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ ืžื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืจื•ืคื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืœืœื ื˜ื•ืคืก 17 ื•ืœืœื ืชื™ืขื•ื“. ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 389 .๏‰ . ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื ื–ืง ื›ืกืคื™ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืœืขืชื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ. ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื ื™ืขืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื - ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ - ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื• ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื—ื™ื ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื 1. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื•ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 , ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื• ืฆื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื’ื–ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื. ื—ืœืงื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื—ืœืงื ืฉืœื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ื•ื‘ื”ื ื ืžื ื” "ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ". ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืžื ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”. 2. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืจืืฉ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืงื™ื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื "ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช - ื”ืขื ืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื", ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื -ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืืกื•ืจ ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื— ื™ื ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืคืจืฉื• ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื 390 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 391 .๏ ืื—ืช ืžืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“ - 1994 , ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืชื. 1. ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืžื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื. ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื, ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื (ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ืœื™ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -66 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—), ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื›ื•ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™. ื™ืฉ ืืคื•ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. 2. ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื ื• ืžื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื–, ื›ืžื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืืฉืคื•ื– ื™ื•ื ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ืœื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ ื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื ื• ืžื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื. ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื’ื ืžืขืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื’ื ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช, ืœื ื”ื ื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืื• ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. 3. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืชืจื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืกื‘ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื• ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืงืคื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืคืขืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช.
[[2034, 2514], [2532, 3649], [8105, 8180], [9465, 9622], [12110, 12523], [12541, 12640], [12786, 12980], [13303, 13748], [17818, 18003], [18900, 18980], [19512, 19734], [21128, 22048], [22106, 22247], [22481, 22629], [23268, 25054]]
['.1. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขื ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื ืงื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. 2. ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื, ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช.', '. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. 3. ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 1998 ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืชืช ืื•ืชื”. 4. ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื›ืš ืฉืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื•ืชื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืœื ืื• ื”ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืฉื‘"ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฆื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. 5. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 ,, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžื’ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืขื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืขืฉื”.', '.)(ื’ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžืžืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื.', '2. ืืฉืจ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ ื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ - 2004 ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื ื”ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื’ื™ืœืžื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืœื ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื” ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืก ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืœืฉืœื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 , ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื', '. ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข, ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื”. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.', '4. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืก, ืœื ื›ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื›ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช.', '.ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฆืจื•ืš ืžืขืช ืœืขืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ืื• ืœื”ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืขื“ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชื• ื›ืžื” ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœืœืชื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื™ - ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืขืœื•ืชืŸ.', 'ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ.', '.ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ืœ"ืคืจืกื•ื ืœ" ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.', 'ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื ื–ืง ื›ืกืคื™ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืœืขืชื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ. ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื ื™ืขืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื - ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืฃ ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ - ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื• ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื—ื™ื ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ.', '1. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืœ ื•ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื•.', 'ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืžื ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”.', 'ืื—ืช ืžืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“ - 1994 , ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืชืžื•ืจืชื. 1. ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืžื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื. ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื, ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื (ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ืœื™ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -66 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—), ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื›ื•ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™. ื™ืฉ ืืคื•ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. 2. ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื ื”ื ื• ืžื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื–, ื›ืžื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืืฉืคื•ื– ื™ื•ื ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ืœื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ ื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื ื• ืžื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื. ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื’ื ืžืขืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื’ื ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช, ืœื ื”ื ื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืื• ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. 3. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืชืจื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืกื‘ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื• ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืงืคื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืคืขืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช.']
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืคืขื™ืœ. ื’ื ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื "ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื›ืœืœื™ืช) ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, "ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื›ื‘ื™), "ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช) ื•"ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื. ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื”. ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื”ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ืžืจืคืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื) ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœืช ื ืคืฉ ื™ืฉื•ืงืžื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื ื™ืื•ืฉืคื–ื•. ืœื“ืขืชื, ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื ืขืฉื” ืœืฉื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืืงื•ื˜ื™ ืฉืœื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื’ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืื• ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ 5 ) ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืœื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืกืคืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” - ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืชืงืฉืจ ืขืžื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื™ื–ืžื™ื); ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชืงื ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืืฉืคื–ื•; ืคืขื•ืœ ื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”"ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื”" ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ .__________________ .5 ""ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ- ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— , ื”ืชืฉื "ื”]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘[ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™- 1995 ., ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 396 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืฉื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœื ืชืขืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืงืœื˜ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืคื ืื™. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื›- 250,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืžืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื› - 30,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืขืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืคืชื— ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืชืืคืฉืจื ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื› - 6,800 ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 1988 ืœื›- 3,150 ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช); ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ื›ื ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื› - 12,000 ืž- 54,000 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื6 (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช); ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื’ื - ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช) ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช). ื‘ืฉื ืช 1998 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 49 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 1999 ') ืขืž135 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”). ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 52 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 2002 '), ืขืž212 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘). ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืœ - ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืืœื”: ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”; ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช; ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช), ื•ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื (ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื“ืจื•ื ื•ืžืจื›ื–) ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™, ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช, ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. .ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” .ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก - 2000 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื "ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื—ื•ืง-ื™ืกื•ื“: ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™ืจื• ืชื•". ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืคื ืื™, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ .__________________ .6 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื› - 30,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 397 . (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงืื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœื• ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื™ื–ืžื• ื•ืคื™ืชื—ื• ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื7 ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืคื ืื™. ื”ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงืฉืจื• ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืงื‘ืข. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืจืš ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืคืขืœืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช 8: ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžืฉืชืงื ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื; ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื•ื”ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืฉืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื›ื”ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื”. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื•. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื”, ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื•. ืžืชืืžื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ื™ืžื•ื ื” ืžืชืื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ืžืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ". .__________________ .7 ื‘ืฉื ืช 1993 ื”ื—ืœ ืžืžื•ื ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืื– ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. 8 ื™ืฉ ืชืฉืข ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. 398 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืกืคืจ ืžืชืืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื•). ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ : ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืขืจืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืงืžื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืจ. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ, ื•ืœืคื™ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ืชืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2001 -2006 ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื (ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืช ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ ืœื™ื‘ื ื™) ื•ืœืขื•ื–ืจื™ื”ื ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ืคื ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื ื ืขื ื•, ื•ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืงืžื•. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืœื• ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื. ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉื ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 40% ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืช ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—, ื”ืชืฉื "ื” ]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ [ ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - 1995 , ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ (ืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™) ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืชืงื ื•ืช : ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2004 ื“ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื: ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื” (ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืžื—ืงืจื™ื: ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, "ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื". ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉ ื™ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื ืขืฉื• ืจืง ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” (ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005 ) ื›ื™ "ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ืขื˜, ืกืคื•ืจื“ื™ ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœืชืขื“, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื–ื•". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ) ื›ื™ "ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืœ'ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื' ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืื– ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ืžืชื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 399 ..ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉื™ื™ื ืชืŸ "ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืงืฆืจืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื). ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื™ืฆื ืฉื•ื ื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ ืœื ื•ืคืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฆืœื— ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื ื•ืฉืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื”ื“ืื’ื” ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื’ื“ืœ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื 1. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘- 54,254 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 18-65 ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 40% ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›- 30,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืืฉืจ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื›ืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขืงื‘ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืš. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื ื›ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืงืฆื‘ืช ื ื›ื•ืช, ืืš ื›ืฉืžืœืื• ืœื”ื 67 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืงื ื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื ื’ืจืขื• ืžืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืฉืžืจื‘ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื™ื ืฆืœื• ืื•ืชื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขื“ ืžืจืก 2006 , ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ, ื”ื•ืคื ื• ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ื›- 17,500 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืจืง ื›- 12,200 ืื™ืฉ (ืฉื”ื 14%-22% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื) ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื›- 6,350 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ; ื›- 6,140 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”; ื›- 1,300 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช; ื›- 3,860 ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ ื. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื9 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ืœืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืชื•. .__________________ .9 ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืชืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื›ืจื• ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ40% ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืขืงื‘ ืžื—ืœืชื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืคืงื“ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื’ื ืœืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ืžืœืื• ืœื”ื 18 ืื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™. 400 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .2. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืจืง ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง 54.5% : ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื™ืื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš ื•ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” 32.1 ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืคื ืื™- 47, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” - 66.8 , ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ- 70.2 . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื•ืงืžื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ื™ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขืฆื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืืจืฆื™ืช ืจื‘ -ืฉื ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื, ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื  ื•ืš ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื•ืื›ืŸ, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžืžืœืืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืœื” ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2003 (ื›ืฉื”ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืกื™ืื“ื”ืŸ), ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ืฉื•ืชืคื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื–ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2006 . ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืืฃ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื‘- 6.9.06 ,ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืืช ื”ืชืคื˜ืจื•ืชื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืชืคื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”" ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืขืžื•ืง, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ "ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง" ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ื›ื•' "ืื™ื ื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืขืฆืžื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื›ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืง". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ "ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื•ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืจื‘ื” ื•ืœืฉืชืคื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื• ืืคืฉืจื™"; ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฉื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื•ืชื "ื‘ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืจืืฉ. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช"; ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ืžืกืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ืชืงื•ืคืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื”ืง ืฆืจื” ื›ืฉืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื) "ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื". ื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” 10 ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืฉ"ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ... ]ื”[ ...ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช .__________________ .10 ืจืื•ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ (ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 '), ื‘ืขืž 28 ,29 , 51 ,67. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 401 .ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง... ]ืœืคืขื•ืœ[ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช... ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื ื‘ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื”... ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ]ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ[ "ื•ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืœื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื‘ืขืช ืžืฉื‘ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื›-60 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ -13 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืžื›ื‘ื™ ื•ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืกืคืงื•ืช (ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 - ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื”: ื›ืฉืื“ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื• ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื•. ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืคืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื ืื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข11 , ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ - 2004 , ื‘- 2005 ื•ื‘- 2006 ., ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ - 5.6.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื”". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช "ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื". ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื›ื ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืคื’ืข ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ืžืฆื‘ื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื ืกื” ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“. ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื› -50 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช (ืž-60 ), ืืš ืœื ืขื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื ืžืกืจื• ืœื• ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ืฉืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื“ื ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื•. .__________________ .11 ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืื‘ืจื‘ื ืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืœืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. 402 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืง ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื: ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื ืฉื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช, ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืงืœืขื• ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืœืชื ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื–. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืžืจืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื•ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืกืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ "ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื 'ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื” ืืจืฆื™ืช' ืฉื™ืขืกื™ืงื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืœืฉื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื“ืจื•ื. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ืžืกืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืจื™ื›ื– ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืžืกืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช... ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืขืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื”". ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2001 ืฉื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ 150 ืชืงื ื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืจืง ื› -100 ืชืงื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื150 . ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชืงืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืกืคืง ืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืชืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ., ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืกืคืงืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืจื›ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืกืคืงื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. .ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ .ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœืžืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช 51%-88% ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื™ืงื•ื). ืžื—ืฆื™ืชืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช %80-%60 ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” 12 ,. ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช .__________________ .12 :ืจืื• K. Barrett, R. Greene, M. Mariani, "MENTAL HEALTH - Promise Unfulfilled", Governing.com, 2004, http://www.governing.com/gpp/2004/mental.htm. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 403 .ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื’ื ื™ื—ื“ ืจืง ื›-32% .ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื•ื›ืคืœื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื—ืœืงื” ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ืžื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืจื“ ืž-76% ืœ-64% , ืื•ืœื ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ืœื ืคื—ืชื”. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฆื•ืžืฆื, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆื•ืžืฆื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื ืกื’ืจื• (ื ืกื’ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื). ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืชืคื•ืกื” ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, 78.5 ื‘- 2003 ื•-70 ื‘- 2005 , ืžืขื™ื“ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™-ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืชืคื•ืกื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื›-96 ื•ื›-89 ., ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืืฉืคื•ื– ื›ื–ื” ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืงื”ื” ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื”. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื•ืœื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื (ื›ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“), ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื•ืขื“ืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื”13 ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™]ื•[ ..."ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. .ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื .1. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืžืจืก ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืคืกื™ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœื ืœื›ื ืก ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .__________________ .13 ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื•ืขื“ืช-ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ , 1990 ', ืขืž402 . 404 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืชืจื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 . ื”ื ื˜ืขื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื•ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื "ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช" (ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). ื‘- 14.5.06 "ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช 14 ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื’"ืฅ ื ื’ื“ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ "ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืœืžืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืžื• ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”"15 . ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจื” ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช" ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉื” ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš), ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื”. ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื ื™ 19 ,30 ื•-41 ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืœืขืชื™ืจื” ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจื• ืฉื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ืœื”ื ืžืื•ื“. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœื—ื™ื™ื•; ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ืฉื•ื—ืจืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ืฉืคื– ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ ืœื ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื–ืืช; ืขื•ืชืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืกืจ ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืื ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™. 2. ื‘ืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคืจื•ืค' ืื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืชืงืฆื‘ ืืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืฉืงื ืขื•ื“ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ (ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื›-50 )ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—- ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื ืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืžืŸ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœื›ื ืก ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื‘ื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืชืงืฆื™ื‘. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ - 25.1.06 ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื• ื’ื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช, ื ื“ื—ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš, ื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ืกืจื” ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื—ืœืงื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“ ื•ืžืงืฆืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฃ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. 3. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื”ืงืฆื™ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื›-14 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื›ืกืคื™ื ืืœื” ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœ-322 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ื— ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”. 4. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืฆื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืชื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2007 . ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื ืืžืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ "ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™" ืื™ -ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืžืจืืฉ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ .__________________ .14 ""ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช- ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช. 15 ื‘ื’"ืฅ 4015/06 .'ืขืžื•ืชืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืื—' ื ' ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 405 .ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื—. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื”, ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืกื’ืจ ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืฆื™ืข ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื• ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืžืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ - 30.8.06 , ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”: "ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืื™ ืกืคื™ืงื”. ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช [ .ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ]ื”ื—ื•ืง1 ) ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ืชื™ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”. 2 ) ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื™ืฉื›ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. 3 ) ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ื ื˜ืœ ื›ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ื”ื•ืœื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™, ืจื•ื—ื• ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืืžื ื ืชื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ]ืœืคื™[ "ื”ืฆื’ืช ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื›ืขื™ืœื” ืœืื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข... ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงืฆืจ, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ: ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื, ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื•ืจืกืช, ื‘ืื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื” ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช". ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ "ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื, ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ื–ืง ื•ืœื ืชื•ืขืœืช, ื™ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื™ืคื’ืข ืืฃ ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ". ]ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช[ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ, ืื• ื™ืฆื•ืžืฆื ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืขื ืง ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .5 ื‘-9.06.12 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” 16 ื‘ื™ืŸ[ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื "ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื›ื™... ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ]ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”". ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืื ื™ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™. .__________________ .16 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ472 . 406 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื .1. ืขื“ 1.1.95 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื—ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื”ืชืฉื "ื“- 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉืคื•ื–, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืืฉืคื•ื–, ื•ื›ืŸ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื’ื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช 17 , ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช "ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืงืœ". ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืชื•, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื‘ืžืื™ 1995 ืคื•ืจืกื ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื—ื•ืง), ื”ืชืฉื "ื”- 1995 , ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื›ื™ ืž- 1.6.95 ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืœืง ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ื“ื ื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืชื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื–ื•, ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1996 ื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืฆื•18. )(ื ืœื“ืขืช ืคืจื•ืค' ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ 'ืฉื™ื‘ื', ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืคืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืจืง ืื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืคืงื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื 19 . ืœื“ืขืชื•, ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ 20 , ื•ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื•. ืื•ืœื ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืงืฉื” ืขื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ื” ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ 21 , ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืชืžื ืข ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืืกื“ืจ (ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ) ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืจืคื•ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื‘ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ) ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื—ืœืคื• ื› -12 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ืœืคื• ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. (ื‘) ื‘- 16.6.05 ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช" ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื” ื ื’ื“ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื22 ืœืžืชืŸ ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ "ืœื™ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื: ื. ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืชืงื•ื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืจ 2905 ืžื™ื•ื .__________________ .17 ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืืคืจื™ื ืกื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžื™ื•ื 20.12.94. 18 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ื ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 48 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”( 1998) , 'ืขืž159 ; ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™52ื‘ ( 2002') ืขืž215. 19 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ื ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 52 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืž' 216. 20 ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื”ื• ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื• ืจื•ืคื ื™ืœื“ื™ื. 21 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžื™ื•ื 10.1.07. 22 ื‘ื’"ืฅ 5777/05 .'ืขืžื•ืชืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืื—' ื ' ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 407 .26.1.03 ; ื‘. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื”ืžืฉื™ื‘ื™ื1-2 ืฉืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•[ , ืœืืœืชืจ, ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช]ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื... ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื–ื›ืจืช". ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื” ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื’"ืฅ ื‘- 1.11.05 ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ23. )(ื’ ื‘- 12.2.06 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”24 '"ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืก 2905 ืžื™ื•ื 26.1.03 ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข, ื›ื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื™ื™ื“ื—ื” ืœื™ื•ื 1.1.07 .". ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” 2. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื™-ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ - 3.1.06 , ืฉื‘ื” ืืžืจื” ื ืฆื™ื’ืช ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื›ื™ "ื”ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืงืจื™ืกื” ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช: ื™ืฉ ]ืืช[ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™. ืœื ืžืื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืžืชืคื ื•ืช... ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ืžืื™ื“ืš ืžืชื ืขืจื•ืช ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืกื•ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆืžืฆืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื... ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ืช ืงืจื™ืกื” ื•ืกื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื’ื” ืืฆืœ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืœืœื ืžืขื ื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื ื“ืจืฉ". 3. ื‘- 17.9.06 , ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืœื”ืกื›ื ื–ื” ื•ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื• ืžืžื ื• ืžืื•ื“. ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ื‘ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘- 8.8.06 ื•ื‘- 1.10.06 ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืกื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื. ื‘ื™ ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”; ืœื ื”ื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช; ืœื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืงื•ืคื” ืื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืฆื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ; ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืžืฉืš ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ 1.1.07 . ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” 25 ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืชื ื‘ื™ื•ื 17.9.06. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืชืืจืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื™ื“ื—ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื”. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื•ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”. .__________________ .23 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ืžื“ืช. ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ืงื‘ืข ืœ - 19.2.07. 24 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ 4702. 25 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ568. 408 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™ -ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื• ืขื“ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช .ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ ืื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื. 1. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื” ืœืชืช ืœื› - 4,000 ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืชื™ืืžื” ื–ืืช ืขื ื’ื•ืจื ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื•ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืฆื•ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ 'ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ' ืžื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœื ืชื•ืืžื” ืขื ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉื ื–ืงืงื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื—ืœืงื ืืžื ื ืคื ื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™ (ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›- 1,000 ืคื•ื ื™ื). ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ืชืืจื›ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื). ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘- 22.4.04 ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืคืกืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืจืืฉ, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื "ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื” ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช". ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืขืžื“ื” ื’ื ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ - 4.12.05 , ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืคืจื” ื‘ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ืœื ืœืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉื ื•ื”ืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื ืื•ืชื” ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืชื‘ืขื• ืื•ืชื” ืืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื• ืง ื”ืคืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืืช ืืคืœื™ื™ืชื ืœืจืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื". ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 200326 ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืงื•ืคื” ืืช ื™ืชืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฉืœืœื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”. ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉืชืชืคื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ .__________________ .26 ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช200 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 409 . ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ื‘ื” ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ืืช ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื”. 2. ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืœื—ื•ืง ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืื ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืกื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืชืจืื”, ืœื›ื ืก ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืžื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืงืช. ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื›ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืฉืื™ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฉืขื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื”, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืœื•ื•ื”, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื”. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื. ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ืžื” ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื ืขืฉื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช200 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื” ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 27 ื‘- 23.2.05 ,, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื•ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื˜ืขื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืงื•ืคื” ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื”, ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืขืงืจ "ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™. ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืฆืคื” ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืคืขื™ืœ ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื”". ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืงื‘ืข ื”ืฉืจ ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœืช". ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ "ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืจื›ื™ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืงื•ืคื” ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืœืฆื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืขื™ืŸ 'ื ืฉืง ืื˜ื•ืžื™'. ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืงืชื™". 3. ื‘ืžืื™ 2006 , ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื•. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื“ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื” ื•ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื”. ืžืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืชืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงืœื•ืฉ, ื”ื—ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ื”ื "ืœ. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกืขื™ืฃ. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืœืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”. ื”ืฉืจ, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฉืงืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ28 ., ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืชืžืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 46 ื ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™), ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืžืŸ "ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืœืกืคืง ืฉืœื ื›ื—ื•ืง, ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ืขืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื". .__________________ .27 .ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื” ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื 28 .ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื 410 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืืฉืจ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘ื—ื•ืง - ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื—ืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ืž- 1.1.06 ,ื•ืื™ืœืš ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืง ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘: ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืชืœื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื ื”ืœ (ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืœื›ืš) ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืฉื”ืฆืขื“ ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื” ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœืชืช. ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2005 ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”. ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ืœื ื ืขืจื›ื• ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืืฃ ืฉื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ37 ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ "ืกื‘ื•ืš ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœ... ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื–ื ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ื". ื”ืฉืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•"ืื•ืžื ื, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื‘". ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืฉืชืงื•ืคืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 23.1.06 ืœ- 7.5.06 , ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื’ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื• ืืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื” ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืกื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื’ื ืœืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื”. .ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” .ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื—ื•ื–ื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื ื™ื•ืคืจื• ื”ืชื ืื™ื. ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื: ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืขื ืืœื” ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืขื ืžืกืคืงื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื  "ื‘- 1992 ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 411 . ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืืฉืจืช ืœื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ืช ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื29 ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ืค ื•ื ื” ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆืขื” ืœื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืชืจ ืžืกื’ืจืช ื›ื–ื• ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”, ื”ื™ื–ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืืฉืจ ืœื• ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื. ืจื›ื–ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื™ื–ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ (ืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืฉื ื”). ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข). ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืขืงื‘ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื ืจืฉืžื™ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืจืช - "ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”"30.. ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื”ื™ื–ื ืžื’ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื”ื• ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืœื— ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ื”ืขืชืงื™ื - ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื”ืขืชืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืจืฃ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื–ื›ื ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื). ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืจื•ืฉืžืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืกื›ืžืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ื. .__________________ .29 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืื ื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืื• ืœื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™ - ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื”. 30 ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”- ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. 412 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช 1. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื–ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื, ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ ืœืฉื™ืง ื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื› - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื 31 (ืžื›- 26,400 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ 32) ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉ - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—33 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 .ื™ืงืœื•ื˜ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ 2. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื–ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ื–ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ื—ืฆื™-ืฉื ืชื™ืช 34 . ื’ื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืขื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื™ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื "ืชื•ืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื". ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื• ืืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื•ืช (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื™ืฉื•ืœื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื–ื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ. 3. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืœืžื ืืฃ ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช385 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืช 2001 - ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื) ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื”ื™ื–ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืจืืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืฉื™ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›-6.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›- 4,500 .ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืืฆืœื .__________________ .31 ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›- 5,800 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื (ืžื›- 12,000 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื) ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘- 8,500 .ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื 32 ื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื (ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื). 33 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช, ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›- 2,450 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื•ืื™ืœืš ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›-17.7 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ 8,500 .ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ 34 ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžื ืคื™ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื›ืœ ื™ื–ื ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืจื›ืฉ ื—ืฆื™-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืžืื•ืฉืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื™ื–ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื• ื ื—ืกื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 413 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื•ืื ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ "ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ืืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2007 ". ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ืžืจืืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืืžืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื–ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ, ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืงื• ืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœืžืฉืชืงื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”: 1. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื 18 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›- 61,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื› - 40,000 .ืฉ"ื— 2. ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฆื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ื: ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืคืชืข ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืขืœื” ื—ืฉื“ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื› - 700,000 ืฉ"ื—. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืชืœื•ื ื” ืœืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืืช ืชื™ืง ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืœืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช; ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืžืื™ 2006 ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืกืคืง ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื› - 350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื•ื–ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื›- 145,000 .ืฉ"ื— ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื™ื–ื ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” (ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืชื’ืœื™ื. ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืชืงื ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื ืจืฉื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื–ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”. 414 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“; ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื• "ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืืคื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืคื ืžืช ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช". ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ืชื™ื ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ืœืขืชื™ื, ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื“ืคื™ืกื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืžืฉืชืงื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืื ื™ื™ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ื™ื”, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆื•ื‘. ืื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉื” ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”. ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืฉ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”)35 . ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ืื—ื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™), ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ืœื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืื ื“ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื’ื ืžืคืงื— ืจืคื•ืื” ืืจืฆื™, ื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื ืขืกืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. 1. : ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ืžืงื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื›ืœืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš, ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช, ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืคื ืื™ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื (ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืกืืžื˜), ื”ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช36, ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืคื ืื™. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื .__________________ .35 ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžื—ื•ื–. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืžืกืคืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”. 36 ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื‘- 2002 .ืงื•ื™ืžื” ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 415 . ืฉืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. 2. ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื”: ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื›-130 ื”ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื”- ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืœืื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืœืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืชื‘ืจื•ืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืคืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉ; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื• ืชืงื™ื ื™ื; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื™ืœื ืœื”ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™; ื‘ืžืกื’ ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื• ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืชื›ื•ืคื”37 . ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช. 3. : ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ืœื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืœื ื”ื•ืกืงื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื™ ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื’ื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื ื’ื“ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ืจืง ื‘ืžืจืก 2006 ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื–ื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ื“ื•ื ื• ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืจืžื” ื™ืจื•ื“ื”. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉืชืชืค ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืฉ"ืžืื– ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื ื•ืคื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื—ืฉื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื ืื™, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ื–ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืžืจืืฉ ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืงืฆื‘, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื”. ืขื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื ืŸ ],ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•[ ...ื–ืืช ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช "ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” .__________________ . 37 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ืื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 56ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 2006 '), ืขืž588; ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™55 ื‘ ( 2005 ,) 'ืขืž721. 416 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืžืื“... ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ... ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื... ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ...]ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื[ ."ืœื ืคืขื ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ื ื™ื... ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื 4. ื›ืคื™ืคื•ืช : ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื’ื•ืจื ืื—ืจ - ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ื›ืคื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื, ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื•, ื•ืžืคืงื— ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืจื, ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืžื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. 5. : ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื”, ื”ืชื‘ืจื•ืื”, ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. 6. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช : ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจ ื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. (ื) ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื–ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ( on-line ) ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื•ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™. ื’ื ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืขืฉืชื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. (ื‘) ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืœื™ื” ื™ื•ื–ื ื• ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืชืจ ืื“ื ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื—ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืกื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื—ืจืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ื–ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื• ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ (ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข). ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื›ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 417 .7. ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช : ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ืŸ. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืžืŸ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื (ื—ื•ื–ื™ื, ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•'). ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ืจื’ื ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืื• ื™ืžื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช. 8. ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื : ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืคืจืกื ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืืš ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื  ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืชืงื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ. ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช 1. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื˜ื™ืคืœื” ื‘- 2006 ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 12,000 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ330 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื - ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช. 2. ืชื ืื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื- ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืงืฉื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืกื™ืจื•ืชื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .๏ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก- 2000. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืจืง 14%-22% ืžื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”. 418 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืคื ื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื•ื›ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื•ืžืฉื” ืืคื•ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืื•ืฉืคื–ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ืžื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื”ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืจื›ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื ืคื’ืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 , ,ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืืžื ื ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืœื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืชืืจืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœื• - ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช (ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืฉืคื•ื–) ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืชืงื™ื ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื™ื.
[[4788, 4941], [5100, 5610], [5742, 5988], [6329, 6458], [6903, 7036], [7271, 7458], [7687, 7782], [7863, 8167], [8725, 8806], [9592, 10223], [10434, 10993], [11580, 11847], [13163, 13300], [13929, 14764], [15140, 15294], [15747, 15848], [16023, 16214], [16402, 16556], [17687, 17846], [20801, 21149], [23009, 23298], [23750, 23908], [25761, 25991], [26936, 27085], [28950, 29169], [29393, 30020], [31956, 32312], [34120, 35073], [35670, 35848], [35889, 36355], [37884, 38339], [38469, 38694], [38961, 39266], [40237, 40569], [41183, 41459], [41975, 42136], [42343, 42518], [42753, 43146], [43998, 44275], [44502, 44757], [45310, 45920], [46372, 46535], [47209, 47634], [47857, 48404], [48800, 48918], [49219, 49320], [50109, 50388], [50527, 51014], [51031, 52342]]
['ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืจืš ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืคืขืœืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื:', 'ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžืฉืชืงื ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื; ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื•ื”ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืฉืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื›ื”ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื”.', 'ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื”, ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื•.', '.ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืกืคืจ ืžืชืืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื•).', 'ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืœื• ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื.', 'ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ (ืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™) ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื.', 'ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื” (ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ).', 'ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉ ื™ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื ืขืฉื• ืจืง ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” (ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005 ) ื›ื™ "ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ืขื˜, ืกืคื•ืจื“ื™ ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœืชืขื“, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื–ื•".', 'ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื™ืฆื ืฉื•ื ื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ ืœื ื•ืคืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“.', 'ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืฉืžืจื‘ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื™ื ืฆืœื• ืื•ืชื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขื“ ืžืจืก 2006 , ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ, ื”ื•ืคื ื• ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ื›- 17,500 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืจืง ื›- 12,200 ืื™ืฉ (ืฉื”ื 14%-22% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื) ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื›- 6,350 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ; ื›- 6,140 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”; ื›- 1,300 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช; ื›- 3,860 ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ ื. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื9 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ืœืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืชื•.', '.2. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืจืง ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง 54.5% : ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื™ืื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš ื•ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” 32.1 ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืคื ืื™- 47, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” - 66.8 , ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ- 70.2 . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ืฉื•ืชืคื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื–ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2006 . ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืืฃ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื.', 'ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง.', 'ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข11 , ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ - 2004 , ื‘- 2005 ื•ื‘- 2006 ., ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ - 5.6.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื”". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช "ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื". ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื›ื ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืคื’ืข ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ืžืฆื‘ื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื ืกื” ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“. ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื.', '.ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืง ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืœืฉื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื“ืจื•ื.', 'ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2001 ืฉื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ 150 ืชืงื ื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืจืง ื› -100 ืชืงื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื150 .', 'ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืกืคืงืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืจื›ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืกืคืงื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”.', 'ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš, ื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ืกืจื” ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื—ืœืงื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“ ื•ืžืงืฆืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฃ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ, ืื• ื™ืฆื•ืžืฆื ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืขื ืง ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืื ื™ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™.', 'ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ) ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื—ืœืคื• ื› -12 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ืœืคื• ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“.', '2. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื™-ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.', '.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™ -ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื• ืขื“ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.', "1. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื” ืœืชืช ืœื› - 4,000 ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืชื™ืืžื” ื–ืืช ืขื ื’ื•ืจื ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื•ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืฆื•ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ 'ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ' ืžื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœื ืชื•ืืžื” ืขื ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉื ื–ืงืงื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื—ืœืงื ืืžื ื ืคื ื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™ (ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›- 1,000 ืคื•ื ื™ื). ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ืชืืจื›ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื).", 'ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื. ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ืžื” ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื ืขืฉื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช200 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ.', '.ืืฉืจ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘ื—ื•ืง - ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื—ืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ืž- 1.1.06 ,ื•ืื™ืœืš ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืง ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘: ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืชืœื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื ื”ืœ (ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืœื›ืš) ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืฉื”ืฆืขื“ ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื” ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœืชืช. ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2005 ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”. ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ืœื ื ืขืจื›ื• ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืืฃ ืฉื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืกื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื’ื ืœืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื”.', 'ื—ื•ื–ื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื ื™ื•ืคืจื• ื”ืชื ืื™ื. ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื: ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืขื ืืœื” ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืขื ืžืกืคืงื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื  "ื‘- 1992 ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื•.', '1. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื–ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื, ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ ืœืฉื™ืง ื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื› - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื 31 (ืžื›- 26,400 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ 32) ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉ - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—33 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื.', '2. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื–ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ื–ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ื—ืฆื™-ืฉื ืชื™ืช 34 . ื’ื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื• ืืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื•ืช (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื™ืฉื•ืœื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื–ื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ. 3. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืœืžื ืืฃ ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื:', '. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื•ืื ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื›ืš.', '1. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื 18 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›- 61,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื› - 40,000 .ืฉ"ื—', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” (ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืชื’ืœื™ื.', '.ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื.', 'ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ืœืขืชื™ื, ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื“ืคื™ืกื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืžืฉืชืงื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•.', '1. : ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ืžืงื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื›ืœืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš, ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช, ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืคื ืื™ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื (ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืกืืžื˜), ื”ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช36, ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืคื ืื™. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื', '. ืฉืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. 2. ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื”: ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื›-130 ื”ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื”- ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื.', 'ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืชื›ื•ืคื”37 . ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช. 3. : ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ืœื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืœื ื”ื•ืกืงื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื™ ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื’ื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื ื’ื“ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื ืื™, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ื–ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืžืจืืฉ ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืงืฆื‘, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื•.', 'ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืจื, ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืžื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. 5. : ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื”, ื”ืชื‘ืจื•ืื”, ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื.', '(ื) ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื–ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ( on-line ) ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื•ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™. ื’ื ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืขืฉืชื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื• ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ (ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข).', 'ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ืจื’ื ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืื• ื™ืžื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื - ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.', 'ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก- 2000. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืจืง 14%-22% ืžื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”.', '.ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืคื ื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื•ื›ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื•ืžืฉื” ืืคื•ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืื•ืฉืคื–ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ืžื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื”ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืจื›ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื ืคื’ืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 , ,ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืืžื ื ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืœื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืชืืจืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœื• - ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช (ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืฉืคื•ื–) ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืชืงื™ื ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื™ื.']
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”
โ™ฆ . ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“- 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื•ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช "ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืกืœ) ืฉื–ื›ืื™ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ). ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ื•ื ืจืฉืžื” ื‘ืคื ืงืก ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“), ื•ื ื›ืœืœื” ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ, ืžืžื•ืžื ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”11 . ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”12 ื‘ืคื ืงืก ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ื›ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ. ื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ืงื‘ืขื” ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”). ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื›-100 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืชืŸืœืงื•ืคื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื•ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืจืฉื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื’ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–13 , ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 .ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื” ืชื™ืžืฉืš14 . ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืž ื“ื™ื ื” ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006 ื•ืœืคื™ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช "ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ" ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืจืก-ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื, ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“. .__________________ .11 ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืจืฉืื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”ืŸ. ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื ืชื ื• ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืœ. 12 ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื. 13 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”2. 14 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”1. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 451 .ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช .ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ื— 56 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ืง, ื•ืœื• ืžื“ื’ืžื™ืช, ืื ืœื ื ื•ืฆืœ ืœืจืขื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืชื”ืœ ื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื ื•ืคืงื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื–ื”ื” ืœืฉืœื•. ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก15 1. ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2005 ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื16 ,ื‘ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจ ืœืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ). ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืื—ืจ ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืœื ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืœื (ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘"ืŸ - ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืคื—ืช). ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืจืง ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื ื™ืคืงื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ืœ - 2,119 ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœ-361 .ืžื”ื ื ื•ืคืงื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคืขื ืื—ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ืชื™ืงื™ื”ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 39 (ื›-%11 ) ืžืื•ืชื 361 ื—ื•ืœื™ื17 . ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ24 ,ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืžืฆื™ ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืืœื”. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 , ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืกืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื ื’ืจืกื• ื•ืœื ื ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื• ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉื "ื• - 1996 , ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืžื˜ืคืœ ื™ืชืขื“ ืืช ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ. ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื” ืื• ืžื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ 100 ืฉื ื™ื ืื• ื”ืขืชืง ืฉืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื. .__________________ .15 ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ืฉื™ ื“ื. 16 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”3. 17 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”4. 452 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื—ืœื” ืืคื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืื• ื“ื—ืชื” ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ื. ื’ืจื™ืกืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื•ืื™ -ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ืืœื™ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: 'ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 17 ื”ืžืชื•ืขื“ ื‘ืคืจืง ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื• ืฆื™ืœื•ื, ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช...' ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ืœืคื™ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื•, ืฉื’ื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื ื• 'ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช' ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื›ื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคื ื™ื” ื‘ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื . ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขื“ 31.3.07." ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืชืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื—ืœืงื ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื”, ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•' ืฉื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ืชื ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ. 2. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื  ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 56 ื‘, ื‘ื“ืงื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 2006 ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ื‘ - 2005 ื•ืžืฆืื” ื›ื™ ืœื› -250 ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืฉืจื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืกืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื™ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืœื ื›ืœืœื” ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช - ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืžืื™-ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ื”. .๏‰ . ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 453 . ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื” ื’ื ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื• ื”ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ืขืฉื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื ืฉืงืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช: "ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืขืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช". .ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืขื“ืคืช ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื .ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืจ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืงื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื”18 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”. ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” 19 ,, ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉื, ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ืชื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื›ืœืœ (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช). ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ 1. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”) ืงื ื” ื‘ - 2004 ืคืขืžื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. (ื) ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ื—ืชื ื“"ืจ ื' ืžื™ื“ืŸ, ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ื‘ืงื•ืคื” 20 , ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืฉื™ืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืงื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉื™ืง ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื›ืกืคื™. .__________________ .18 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”5. 19 ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืกืขื™ืฃ23 ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข: "(ื) ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื• ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื• ืžื˜ืขืžื”, ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืกืขื™ืฃ 12 . (ื‘) ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืงืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื—ื“; ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชืคืจืกืžื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”". 20 "ื ื•ื”ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ื‘ืงื•ืค"ื—" ืž- 29.10.03 ,ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘, ืืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœืจืžื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ , ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ "ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง " ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™. 454 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืงื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืคืขืœื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง ืœื˜ืคืœ "ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืืจืฆื™ืช". ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ. (ื‘) ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœื ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื”ื "ืœ ื˜ืขื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“". ืœืจืื™ื” ืฆื™ืจืคื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื ื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืœื˜ืขื ืชื” ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื• ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช (ืžืจืฉื ืจืคื•ืื™, ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื›ื•'). ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืชืจื” ืจืง ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืœื” ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ื” ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช. 2. ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช 21 . ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืจืง ื ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœื”ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ืชื ื” ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืœื ืืคืฉืจื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืงื ื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ. .__________________ .21 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 455 . ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ22 , ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœื” ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื™ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื”23 ื•ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื24 . ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ ืื™ื ื” ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื ืคืงื™ื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ื”ื’ื ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืž ื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“; ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฆื•ืจืคื” ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื” ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื•ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ืคื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื“ื•ื— ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ ืื• ืจื•ืคื ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจ ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช .MMSE ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ ื ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”. .ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื .ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคืŸ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืื• ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช25 . ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช "ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ"26 . ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืคืจืกืžื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”)27 ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื”, TEGRETOL ื•-, TERIL ื•ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืจื ื ื–ืง ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ .__________________ .22 'ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืก 36.2000 ืž- 17.8.00 , ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืจืคื•ืื”. 23 ืžื‘ื—ืŸ MMSE ( (Mini Mental Status Examination , ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. 24 .ื‘ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ื”, ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื”, ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื• ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” 25 ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช ืืคืฉืจื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืคืขืจ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช. 26 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. 27 ,ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื“ื•ื— ืžืก' 2 ืœืฉื ื™ื 1998 -1999 (ืžืจืก 2000 '), ืขืž 10. 456 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื“"ืจ ื™' ื‘ืจืœื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ืื–, ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื–ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืื—ืจืช ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ื•ื–ืืช, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ". ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืฆืคื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœืคื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืžืขื˜ ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืกืคื™ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืฆืจ" (ื”ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ). ]ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™[ ื‘ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืž- 12.1.99 ืฉื›ื•ืชืจืชื• "ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ื“ - ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ) ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื“ืื– ืคืจื•ืค' ื’' ื‘ืจื‘ืฉ ืฉืœื— ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืชืจืื” ืœื›ืžื” ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉืžื™ ืืช ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ ืขืœื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข: "ื. ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช - ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื–ื”ื”. ื‘. ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™. ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ ืขืœื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืจืคื•ื™ื˜ื™ (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื™ืชืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื, ืื• ืกื›ืจืช)". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” TEGRETOL ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืฆื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื™ "ืœืชืจื•ืคืช ื” - TEGRETOL ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืœ ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืข ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื... ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืืช ืชืจื•ืคืช TEGRETOL , ืขืœื™ืš ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ืชืจื•ืคืช TERIL . ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื ื• ืœืืฉืจ ืœืš ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” TEGRETOL ."ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ื‘ื“ืขื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืืœื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื›ื–ื•". ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2007 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ28 ื•ืœื ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืžืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืคืจืกื ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื‘ืขืœื•ืช "ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ ", ื•ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžื›ืš . ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ, ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช29 ืœืื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ ืกืœ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืืœื” : (ื) ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื; (ื‘) ื”ืื ื™ืฉ .__________________ .28 ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช20 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื›ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืคืจืžืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช. 29 .ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 457 . ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื• ืฉืžื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืื• ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืืฆืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื— ื“ื™ื; (ื’) ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ื ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช; (ื“) ื”ืื ื”ืกืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชืจ ื•ืคื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื” ื—ื•ืœื”; (ื”) ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืื ืชืื•ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื›ืœืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”; (ื•) ืžื” ื”ื ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2001 ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” %50 ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ZYPREXA30 ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืœื”, ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืž- 2004 ืฉื‘ื• ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื™ "ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืงืจื” ืกืคื™ืฆื™ืคื™ ื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ื›ืœื•ืœื” ื‘ืกืœ ืฉื‘"ืŸ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 50% ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ". ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ - 2004 " ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืฉืœ50% ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืžื™ื“". ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ืง ืฉื” ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืกืœ ืœืžื—ืœืชื•, ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฆืจื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ , ื‘ื” ืชื™ืืจ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ]ื”ืจื•ืคื[ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืœ]ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ื[ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”... ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืืจืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืœืงื•ื— ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ". ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ZYPREXA ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ื“ ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื“ื—ืชื”. ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืืฉืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชื™ืงืœืข ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืžื‘ืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™, ืืฃ ืฉืžื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. .__________________ .30 ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื ื˜ื™-ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื˜ื™ืช. 458 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช .ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืคื•ืจืกืžื• 31 ื•ื—ืœืงื ืœื, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื”32 ื•ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื–ืืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช: 1. ืื™-ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ : ื—ื•ืœื” ื' ืงื‘ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” VEPESID33 ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื "ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช", ื•ื›ืš ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื’ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”. ืื•ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืกืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืคื ืชื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื–ื• ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื' ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ]ื”ื—ื•ืœื”[ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืžืฆืจื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื”, ืœื ื ืขื ืชื” ืขื“ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื›ืื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”". 2. ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชื ืื™ื ืขืœ ืืœื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ : ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืคื ื” ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืกืคืง ืœื• ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื—ืช ืœืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช: "ืื™ื ื›ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื”". ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืงื ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ "ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื–ื›ืื•ืชื• ืขืค"ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช, ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืขืงื‘, ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”, ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ืžืจืฉื ื ืฉืœื—ืช ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื•ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช. ื‘ืกืจื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืชื ืื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืœื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ. .๏ .__________________ .31 ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื“ื•ื— ืžืก' 6 ืœืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 (ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 '), ืขืž 131. 32 .ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื’ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช 33 .ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื’ื“ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 459 . ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉืืจ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืชื ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื™ืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”.
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['ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืชื”ืœ ื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื ื•ืคืงื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื–ื”ื” ืœืฉืœื•.', 'ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 , ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืกืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื ื’ืจืกื• ื•ืœื ื ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื• ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”.', '.ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื—ืœื” ืืคื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืื• ื“ื—ืชื” ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ื. ื’ืจื™ืกืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื•ืื™ -ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœ.', "ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืชืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื—ืœืงื ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื”, ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•' ืฉื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ืชื ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ.", 'ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืœื ื›ืœืœื” ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช - ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืžืื™-ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ื”.', '. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื” ื’ื ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื• ื”ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ืขืฉื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื ืฉืงืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื.', '.ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืงื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืคืขืœื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ.', 'ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ.', '2. ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช 21 . ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืจืง ื ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœื”ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ืชื ื” ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืœื ืืคืฉืจื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืงื ื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืž ื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“; ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฆื•ืจืคื” ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืžืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืคืจืกื ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื‘ืขืœื•ืช "ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ ", ื•ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžื›ืš .', 'ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ืง ืฉื” ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืกืœ ืœืžื—ืœืชื•, ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฆืจื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.', 'ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืืฉืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชื™ืงืœืข ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืžื‘ืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™, ืืฃ ืฉืžื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”.', '.ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืคื•ืจืกืžื• 31 ื•ื—ืœืงื ืœื, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื”32 ื•ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื–ืืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:', 'ื‘ืกืจื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืชื ืื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืœื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ.', 'ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉืืจ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืชื ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื™ืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”.']
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื - ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื•- 1975 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžืข"ืž) ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 15.5% (ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ) ืขืœ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ. ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉื’ื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื (ืžืก ืขืกืงืื•ืช) ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืคื™ืงื•, ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื• ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืง (ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช). ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืข"ืž ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื, ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื•ืžื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื•ืš 15 ื™ื•ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ื—. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื›- 417,000 ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื›ืคืขื™ืœื™ื. ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืข"ืž ื‘- 2005 ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘-46.4 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืงืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื™ ื›ื•ืœ "ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช". ื•ื”ื™ื ืž ืฉืžืฉืช ืœื”ืชื—ืžืงื•ืช ืžืžืก, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: 1. .ืจื›ื™ืฉืชื” ืžืžื™ ืฉืœื ื ืจืฉื ื›ืขื•ืกืง 2. .ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช 3. .ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืกืงื” ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืชืฉื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื• ืœื ืจืง ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืชื—ืžืงื•ืช ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื•ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืžืก. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืขืฉื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื•ืžื“ื ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืขื“ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 , ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ืž ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื ืชื ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. .ื“ืจื›ื™ ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช .ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื 1. ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืžืฆื•ื™ ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื , ื•ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืฆื™ืจืคื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื™ืชืจืชื, ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืื• ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ, ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืž-15 ,ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื—ืื™ื ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื”. ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”. 2. ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืื’ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื›ืœืœืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื”ื•ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 297 .3. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืขืฉืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืงื• ืœื’ื•ืคื™ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืงื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื: ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื›- 27,000 ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” 1 . ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื. ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื–ื ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืื’ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืจืง ื›- 10% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืžื“ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžื•ืคืง ืžื”ืžืื’ืจ ื“ื•ื— ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื‘ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื•ื”ืคื’ืฉืชื ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ืจืื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). 4. ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืœืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž, ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื—ืกืจ; ื‘- 2005 ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื›-40% ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžื—ื“ืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื›ืจ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ื ื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. 5. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ืงื™ื ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืืฆืœื•, ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœืืชืจ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ื’ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืข"ืž ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ - ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2001 ื•ื”ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช; ื‘- 2002 ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ 37 .ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืคื™ื”ื ื™ื™ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ื˜ืจื ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืข"ืž, ืืœื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืื• ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืงื™ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื•ืกืคืช ืžื™ื“ืข, ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื ื‘ื“ืง ื•ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช. ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง .__________________ .1 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืข"ืž ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืจื›ื‘"ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ืœืžืจืก 2006. 298 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 . ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ8 ืœื›-23 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื“ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื• ืœื”ืคืฆื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื” ื“ืœ. ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื˜ืขื ื• ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืืฆืœื ื”ื•ื ืฉื˜ื—ื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื™ืง ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช 37 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘- 2004 -2005 ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืข"ืž ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื (ืžืชื•ืš45 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•), ื ืžืฆืื• 34 .ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื“ืื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืื•ื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื. ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ืกืขื™ืฃ 50 ืœื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ื•, "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžืžื ื”". ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ืขื•ืกืง ืฉื ื™ื›ื” ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืจืฉืื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžืžื ื”, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื”ื ื—ืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ". ื‘- 2004 ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืงื™ื–ื–ื• ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช, ื‘ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 94 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืืš ื ื’ื‘ื• ืžื”ื 1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ืžืฉืžืขื• ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงืจืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช 100% ืงื ืก. ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ืžืฉืžืขื” ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืก. ืื™-ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช; ืขืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 299 .ืชืื•ื ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื .ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื’ืคื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืื•ืœื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืก ืœืžืงื–ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืฉืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื ืขื ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž; ืชื™ืื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื”. ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“, ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืก. ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœื ื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœื•, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืžืฉื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื›ื ืกืชื•. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืžืข"ืž ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื›ื•ืช ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืจืง ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืขื•ืกืง ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืชื•ื›ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืืš ืœื ืชื•ื›ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืข"ืž. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืื’ืคื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 , ืœื ืื•ื—ื“ื• ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืข"ืž. ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืข"ืž, ืœืœื ืฉืชืคืชื— ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืชื™ืง ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”; ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœืžืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื›ืœืœื™ื ืื—ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืœื”ืชืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ื•ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ. ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”. 1. .ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื”ืื’ืฃ ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื”ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื. ื›ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืœ 2002 ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2003 ื‘ื•ืงืจื• 1,462 ืขืกืงื™ื; ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืชืคืกื• 77 ืขื•ืกืงื™ื (ื›-5% ) ื‘ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉืงื•ื–ื– ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›-16 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื” ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื› -100 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ (ื› -14% ), ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืงื™ืจ ื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ื•ืจืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื™ื•ื 6.12.06 , ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ื™: "ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื ื’ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ". 300 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื• ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืคืขืœื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข2 .ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™, ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. 2. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจืืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช: (ื) ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžืคื™ืฆื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืคืกื• ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืขืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ื’ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืก' ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ. ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืจืฉืžื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. (ื‘) ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื ืืžืŸ, ืชื™ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืืจ, ืื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืœืœื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืชืงืฉื•ืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื• ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. (ื’) ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืฉื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื” ื”ื ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ืื ื”ืชื‘ืฆืขื” ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื”, ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื—ืœื˜ ืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื™ื•ื 25.12.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืจืืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ื™: "ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืงืชื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืžื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช, ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื–ืจื” ื•ื›ื•'. โ€ฆื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื›ื– ื•ืœืชืื ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื™ื•ื 19.12.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืคืฉืข ืžืฉืชืคืช ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ื™ื•ืงื ืžื•ืงื“ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ. ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ื‘ื”ืฆืœื‘ืชื• ืžื•ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืขืžื™ืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ืคืฆืชื• ืœื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. .ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช .ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืžื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ื•ืขื“ื” ื' ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืžืกืงื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2000 . ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2002 ืžื•ื ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘' ื•ื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ื'. ื•ืขื“ื” ื' ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช: 1. ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืจืืฉ ืžืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžืข"ืž ืœืกืคืง. .__________________ .2 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืจืื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™: "ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื - ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ืžืœืื•ืช". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 301 .2. ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืžืฆืืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฉื ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืคืจื˜ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ื‘. 3. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื™ืช, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช - ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช (ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื•) ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืง ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื“ื“ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืคืกื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื“ืคื•ืก ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืื™- ื”ืชืืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2004 ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘' ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ืœืฆื• ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื• ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืืฃ ืœื ืœืื—ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืงื™ื™ื "ืงื•ืฉื™ ืจื‘" ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืคืกืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืกื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ืืฃ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื” ืชื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืขืœ ื•ืช-ืชื•ืขืœืช". ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ืœื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžืขืœ ืœืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘"ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช" 3 . ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื ืคื™ืงื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ื ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. .๏ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื–ืง ื‘ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื›ืกืคื™, ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชืกื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ืกืจ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืก ืฉืœ ืžืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœ . ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืื‘ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื“ืœ. ืื•ืชืจื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”. ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืœื™ืฆื• ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘, .__________________ .3 ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืฆืžื“ "ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช" ืœื”ืฆืคื ื”, ืœืคืขื ื•ื— ื•ืœืื™ืžื•ืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืกื•ืคืง ืœืขื•ืกืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืงื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ื—ื“ -ื—ื“ ืขืจื›ื™. ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื›ื–ื• ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืชืฉืก"ื- 2001. 302 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืขืฉืจ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ืœื ื ื ืงื˜ื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื’ื ืžืฉืื•ืชืจื• ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืชื. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ ืฉื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื“ื ื™ื: 1 . ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื; 2 . ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ: ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš; 3 . ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 303 .
[[2412, 2803], [3102, 3210], [3635, 3836], [4617, 4890], [5014, 5220], [5847, 5936], [6898, 7022], [8240, 8369], [11401, 12082], [12086, 12500], [12782, 13207]]
['ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื–ื ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืื’ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืจืง ื›- 10% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืžื“ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžื•ืคืง ืžื”ืžืื’ืจ ื“ื•ื— ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื‘ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื•ื”ืคื’ืฉืชื ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ืจืื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš).', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ื˜ืจื ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืข"ืž, ืืœื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืื• ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืงื™ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.', 'ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช 37 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘- 2004 -2005 ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืข"ืž ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื (ืžืชื•ืš45 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•), ื ืžืฆืื• 34 .ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”.', 'ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื“ืื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืื•ื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื.', 'ืื™-ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช; ืขืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื›ืœืœื™ื ืื—ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืœื”ืชืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ื•ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ.', '.ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื• ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืคืขืœื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข2 .ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืกื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ืืฃ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื” ืชื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืขืœ ื•ืช-ืชื•ืขืœืช". ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ืœื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžืขืœ ืœืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘"ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช" 3 . ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื ืคื™ืงื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ื ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™.', 'ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื–ืง ื‘ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื›ืกืคื™, ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชืกื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ืกืจ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืก ืฉืœ ืžืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœ . ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืื‘ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื“ืœ. ืื•ืชืจื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”. ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืœื™ืฆื• ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘,', '.ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืขืฉืจ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ืœื ื ื ืงื˜ื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื’ื ืžืฉืื•ืชืจื• ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืชื. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ ืฉื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื“ื ื™ื: 1 . ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื; 2 . ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ: ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš; 3 . ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื.']
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื•- 1985 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžืกืžื™ืš ืืช ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืคืฉืข ืขืœ ื—ื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืื• ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืชืงื ื• ืœืคื™ื•, ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช). ื‘ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื–ื•ืœื”. ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื“ืฉ), ื”ืชืฉื›"ื- 1961 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื”). ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืžืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜. ืฉื™ืœื ืื“ื ืืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™, ืœื ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืจืฉืข ื‘ืคืœื™ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืชื›ื•ืคืจ ืœื•. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื’ื–ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื ื’ื“ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืืกืจ ืื• ืงื ืก ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืžื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืกืง ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื ืขืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื”ื. ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื”, ื—ื•ืง ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืงื‘ืข ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช (ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ - ื—ื™ืงื•ืงื™ ืžืกื™ื), ื”ืชืฉืž"ื•- 1987 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช), ืื™ืœื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ื”) ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ; ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื ืก ื ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 980 ืฉ"ื—, ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™-ื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ 8,500 ืฉ"ื—, ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื; ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™ -ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื•ืื™ - ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืก ืฉื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื 10% .ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœื ื ื•ื›ื” ืื• ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืขื ื™ืง ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืช ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช - ืงื ืกื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืงื ืกื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื). ื‘"ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื", ืฉื”ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื˜ืœืชื ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœืชืฉืœื•ื. ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืกื• ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 289 . ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืกื ืงืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืจืชืขืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืข ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื•ืžื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื•ื ื™ - ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืื’ืฃ) ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื 1 ,. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื”: ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื›ืคืจ ืกื‘ื. .ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื”ื .ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื“ืžื™ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”; ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื˜ืขื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื” ืงืฉื” ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’), ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื™ื” 4,179 , ื•ืกื›ื•ืžื- 15.2 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื•ืžื” ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ื™ืœ. ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื›-73% - .ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืื™ื ื• ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื‘ื› -22% ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื‘ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื›ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื• ื˜ืขื ืœืคื’ื ืฉื›ืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื•. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืž- 31.12.06 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืื• ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื›ืŸ ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ - 2006 ืคื•ืชื—ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืžื—ื“ืœื™ื”ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืžืฉืจื“. .ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช .1. ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ 30 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ืžืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2003 ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื .__________________ .1 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืจืื•ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 44 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 1994 '), ืขืž22. 290 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื‘-18 ( ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื60% ) ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก, ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ "ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืงื ืกื™ื. ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืกืก ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก, ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืข, ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืžืจื‘ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื". ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉ"ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”, ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช". ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื; ื”ื›ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืจืื™ื•ืช, ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ. 2. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ18 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 . ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืœ ืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ - 24 ืขื“30 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ- ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืงืฉื” ืืช ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืงื ืก . 10 ืž- 18 ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืœื ืฉื•ืœืžื•; ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืืžื ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”. 3. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ11 ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืฉืื™ืœืชืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ืž ืื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช (ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช, ืื™-ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื™ -ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืชืงื‘ื•ืœื™ื). ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืฉื•ืงื“ืช" ืขืœ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉืื™ืœืชื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช, ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžืŸ. ื™ ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคื”, ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ื•ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืกืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ "ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืืฆืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื." ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 291 . .ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ .ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื™ืฉื•ืœื ืชื•ืš 60 ,ื™ื•ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืœืชื•, ืืœื ืื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ื ืงื ืก ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ืงื ืก ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืงืฆื•ื‘ (ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืงื ืก ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืจืื• ืœืขื™ืœ), ื›ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ื—ื•ืง ื› ื™ "ืœื ื™ื—ืœื• ื‘ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™... ื•ืื ื ืคืกืง ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• ืœื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื• ืื ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืงื ืก ืื• ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื"2 . 1. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืžื—ืงื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2002 -2006 ื”ื•ื 10.8 .)ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืงืจืŸ 2. ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ืื™ืŸ ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืชืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื, ืืœื ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื‘ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืื• ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช, ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืงืฉื” ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. 3. ืกืขื™ืฃ19 ืœื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข: "ืœื ืฉื™ืœื ืื“ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืœืชื•, ืจืฉืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ืขืค"ื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื™ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืœื ืฉื•ืœื, ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื”...". ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืœืฉืžืฉ ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 - ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ( 16 ืž-25 ) ื›ืœืœ ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ (ืจื•ื‘ื ืคื—ื• ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื”); ื”ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืžืงื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘. ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” (ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข) ืžื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืจืง ืืจื‘ืข ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื 478 ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ - ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื 34% ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืืกืจ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”: ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื™ืฃ 19 ืœื—ื•ืง; ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื˜ืจื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื; ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืกืขื™ืฃ 19 ืขืงื‘ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜. ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื“ืขืชื” "ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื• ื™ื•ื›ืฉืจื• ื•ื™ื•ืกืžื›ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื˜ืจื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ืกืžื›ื”, ืœืฉื ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืกืžื›ื” ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืžื™ืš ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืคื ื™ ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. .__________________ .2 .ืœืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื 292 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ . .ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ื˜ืœืชื ื‘ืžืข"ืž .ื—ื•ืง ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื• - 1975 , ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” (ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž) ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 2004 :), ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• .ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž .3,610 37,004 ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• .2,993 17,015 ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืงื ืกื™ื .17,823 17,282 )ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช (ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื— .4,937 439 ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืงื ืก ืžืžื•ืฆืข (ื‘ืฉ"ื—) .11,529 16,329 )ืกืš ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• (ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื— .65% 94% ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืœื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ืงื ืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžืข"ืž ื ืžื•ืš ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื–ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” - 439 ืฉ"ื— ืœืขื•ืžืช 4,937 .)ืฉ"ื— ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื•ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžืขืœื” ืกืคืงื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”. ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘- 2004 ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช: ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ 18,251 , ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” 1,919 ( 10.5% ); ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” 12,071 , ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”957 ( 7.9% ). ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืข"ืž ื ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืž ืข"ืž ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” 77% . ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื ืขื•ืฆื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื: ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ืž ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืจืง ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ืกื’ื ื•. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ "ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืžืข"ืž ื”ื™ื ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืฉื™ืชื‘ื˜ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. .๏‰ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 293 . ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืกืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื ื”ืœืชื” ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ - 24.12.06 , ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ื” ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”: ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื ืช 2007 ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช; ื™ืคื•ืจืกื ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœืจืขื ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื; ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”; ื™ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. .๏ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื—ื•ืžืจืชืŸ ืžืฉื ื™ืช. ืžื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”: ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืงื ืกื•ืช; ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช; ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืืกืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื; ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ืจืชืขืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืžืื™ -ืฆื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืก.
[[3551, 3714], [5655, 6039], [6136, 6404], [7678, 8080], [8479, 8719], [10675, 10870], [11319, 11810]]
['ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืžืฉืจื“.', '3. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ11 ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืฉืื™ืœืชืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ืž ืื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช (ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช, ืื™-ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื™ -ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืชืงื‘ื•ืœื™ื). ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช, ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžืŸ. ื™ ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคื”, ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ื•ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื.', 'ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 - ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ( 16 ืž-25 ) ื›ืœืœ ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ (ืจื•ื‘ื ืคื—ื• ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื”); ื”ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืžืงื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘. ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” (ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข) ืžื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืจืง ืืจื‘ืข ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื 478 ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ - ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื 34% ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืืกืจ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืžื™ืš ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืคื ื™ ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืฉื™ืชื‘ื˜ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.', 'ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื—ื•ืžืจืชืŸ ืžืฉื ื™ืช. ืžื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”: ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืงื ืกื•ืช; ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช; ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืืกืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื; ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ืจืชืขืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืžืื™ -ืฆื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืก.']
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ื‘- 1990 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ - 2004 ื”ื•ืงื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ืคื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืžืื›ืœืกืช ืขืฉืจ ืž-24 ื”ืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืขืกื™ืงื” ื› -750 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืงื™ืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช). ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื™ื” ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘- 1992 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื› ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื’ - 1993 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช) .ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืคื™ื• ื•ื›ืœืœื™ ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžืฉืง ืฉืžืคืจืกื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืชื›"ืž). ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 10,001 -43,000 ืฉ"ื— (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืข"ืž) ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืคืงื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช; ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 43,001 -350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื– ืกื’ื•ืจ ื•ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขื“ ืขืฉืจื” ืกืคืงื™ื; ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”) ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืคืจืกืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืื™ืœื• ืกืคืงื™ื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ื™ื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”, ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืขืžื“ ืกื’ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื“ืื–. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ืื™ืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืืกืคืงืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœื™ืชืจ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืคื ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื•ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขืžื” ืœืฉื ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื–ืงืง ืœื•. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›-11.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘- 2004 ื•ื›-5.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘- 2005. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ืืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื•ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. .ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืœื ืžื›ืจื– .1. ื‘ืชื›"ืž ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื™ื–ื” ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜, ื™ืฉ ืœืืžื•ื“ ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื™. ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืขืœื•ืชื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื—ืžืฉ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืืžื“ื” ืืช ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขืกืงื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 305 .2. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ื”3(1 ) ืœืชืงื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืœื ื™ืชืงืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ืื•ืชื• ืกืคืง ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 86,000 ืฉ"ื—, ื’ื ืื ืขืœื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืขืกืงื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 43,000 ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ืœืื” ื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื•. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืขืกืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื›- 95,500 ืฉ"ื—. 3. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืžืชืงื ื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื›- 100,000 ืฉ"ื—, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืคืจืกืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืš. ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื, ืžืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื›ืจืžืœื™, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื–ื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื™ืฉ ืชื• ืชืงืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ืœืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืชื• ืชืงืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืขื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ื›ืฉืชื‘ืฆืข ืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืžื›ืจื– ื”ื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืขื ืกืคืง ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ "ื™ื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ืคืก ืฉื™ืžื•ืœื ืข"ื™ ืžื—ืœืงืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืงืคืŸ. ื‘ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขื ื›ืœ ืกืคืง ื•ืกืคืง ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื". .ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– .ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ืขืฉืชื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ) ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื› - 3,600 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืžื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื. ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ืกืชื›ืžื” ื‘ื›-1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืฉื•ื›ื ื• ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื”. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื–ื›ืชื” ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ืชืžื” ืขืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช. 1. ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื™ื”ืœื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื ืจื›ืฉื• ืืœืคื™ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช. ื‘ื›ืš ืื‘ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘, ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืœื. 306 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .2. ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื”ืกืคืง ืขื“100 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื, ื•ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืจื›ืฉื”, ืืฃ ืฉืžืกืคืจื ื”ืกืชื›ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืคื™ื. ืžื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื›- 20,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืชืขืจื•ืš ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื•ืชืคืขืœ ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจ. 3. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ืฉื ื”ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืืกืคืงืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืกืคืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืจื›ืฉื”. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” 1. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•. ืืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช, ืœืœื ื ื™ืžื•ืง. ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืคื ืชื” ืœืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ. ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื—ืช, ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœืช. ืจืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื–ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฆืขืชื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืจ 2005 ื—ืชืžื” ืืชื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช; ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื“ืœืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ. 2. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ืž, ืœืคื ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ืžื›ืจื– ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืชืงืคื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื”. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื’ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืกืคืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืชืงื‘ืข ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืื ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื”. ืื•ืœื, ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืคืง ืœื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื•ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005 . ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœื˜ ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืชื ื” ืœื”. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ืขืŸ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืงื™ืฅ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืคื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื–ื• ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืกื”"ื› ื›- 90,000 .ืฉ"ื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 307 .ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ืž, ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืช ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ื‘ืžืื™ 2004 ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืชื”, ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœ ื”ืกืชื›ื ื‘ื› -1.2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื'. ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘', ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ืขืจืขืจื” ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆืื” ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื˜ืขืชื” ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ืฆืขืชื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืขื•ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื—ืœ ื˜ืชื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ื›ื™ ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 'ื”ื—ืœื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจื ื•ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 , ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืชื ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘', ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืงืคืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื” ื•ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืฆืขื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 14% ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 5% .ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: 1. .'ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื ื’ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื 2. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืฉืœื ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. 3. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื” ืชืžื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืคืจืข ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœื” ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื™ -ืขืžื™ื“ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื”ืฆืขืชื”. 4. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื›-550 ืืœืฃ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืคืจืกื•ื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ. 5. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืืกืคืงืช ืžื“ืคื™ืื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. 6. .ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืžืŸ ื—ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืคื™ืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ืœื ื•ืกื— ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืคืจืกืžื”: ืœืคื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ื”ืฆืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฆืจืฃ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœื ืžืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื ื’ื“ื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ ืื• ืคื™ืจื•ืง. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืืš ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืฆืขืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื ื’ื“ื•ืœ. 308 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ . ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื›"ืž, ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžื•ืฆืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชื™ืื•ืจื•, ื”ืจื›ื‘ื• ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืข, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืื ืœืžืคืจื˜ ืฉืกื•ื›ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื•ืืจื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื™ื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœืืกืคืงืช ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜, ืชืžื•ืจืช ื›-2 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฉื›ืจื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2005 ื˜ืขื ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืฉืกื•ืคืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช ืฉื›ืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 .ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 ื”ืžืฆื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื“ื•ื— ื•ืœืคื™ื• ืื™ื›ื•ืชื ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ืœื ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืชื‘ืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“, ื•ืœื ื—ื™ืœื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื˜ืจื ืขืฉืชื” ืกืคื™ืจืช ืžืœืื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืจื›ืฉื”, ืืฃ ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ืฉื ื” ืžืื– ืกื•ืคืง ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื” ืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœื” ืขืงื‘ ื”ืคืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืœื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช 1. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉืข"ืž1 ,) ืจื•ื›ืฉืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™. ื‘ืžืจืก 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ700 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ืคื ืชื” ืฉืข"ืž ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื”. ืžื”ืฉื’ื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืคื’ ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืคืจืกื ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื”ืคื™ืฅ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžืื™ 2004 ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ. ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ืื™ืฉืจื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ 700-1000 .ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช 2. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2005 ืคื ื” ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืฉืข"ืž, ืžืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืžื ื”ืœ), ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื”ื™ื” 43,000 ,ืฉ"ื— ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื›ืจื–. ื‘ - 24.8.05 ืจื›ืฉื” ืฉืข"ืž 36 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 42,962 ืฉ"ื— (ืจืื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ื” .__________________ .1 ืฉืข"ืž- ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 309 .ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). ื‘ - 6.9.05 ืจื›ืฉื” ืฉืข"ืž ืžืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขื•ื“ 36 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ืฉืข"ืž ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™, ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื–, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืคื™ืฆืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืจืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ2 . 3. ,'ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื ื•ืžืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘' - ืžื“ืคืกืช ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื'. ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื' ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื”, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”, ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื' ื–ื”ื•ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘'. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื—ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื›ื•ืœ ื›ื™ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ (ื”ืžื•ืชื’) ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืื—ืจ ืืฃ ืื ื”ื•ื ื–ื”ื” ืœื• ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืงื™ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ื ื” ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ื’ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืžืฉ, ืื• ืœืžืฆืขืจ - ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื. ืจืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื. .ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” .ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืœืžืื™ 2005 ื•ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื” - ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื– ื•ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืจืง ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 , ื›ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘3 ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื ืืœืฆื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ื“ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›-2.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื” ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2005; ื•ื› -1.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืืœืฆืช ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ืžืกืชื›ืžืช ื‘ื›- 210,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ .__________________ .2 (ืจืื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขืช"ื (ื™-ื) 353/01 .)ื‘.ืช.ืœ. ื ' ืž"ื™ 310 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉื "ื—- 1998 , .ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื” ื ื—ืจืฆื•ืช ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืชืขื›ื‘. .๏ ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื•ื™, ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘- 1992 ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ื• . ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืžื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื ื’ืจื ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื ื’ืจื ื”ืคืกื“ ื›ืกืคื™ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืืฃ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืืœืชืจ ื‘ ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ืžืขืžื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ื ืงื•ื˜ื™ื ืืฆืœื”, ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืชืงื ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 311 .
[[3027, 3180], [4498, 5021], [5622, 5832], [9007, 9261], [10269, 10436], [11797, 12435], [13393, 13748], [13837, 14040], [14197, 14787]]
['ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ืœืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืชื• ืชืงืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืขื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”.', '.2. ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื”ืกืคืง ืขื“100 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื, ื•ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืจื›ืฉื”, ืืฃ ืฉืžืกืคืจื ื”ืกืชื›ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืคื™ื. ืžื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื›- 20,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืชืขืจื•ืš ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื•ืชืคืขืœ ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช; ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื“ืœืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืืš ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืฆืขืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื ื’ื“ื•ืœ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื” ืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœื” ืขืงื‘ ื”ืคืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืœื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”.', "ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™, ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื–, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืคื™ืฆืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืจืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ2 . 3. ,'ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื ื•ืžืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘' - ืžื“ืคืกืช ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื'. ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื' ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื”, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”, ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช.", 'ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื ืืœืฆื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ื“ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›-2.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื” ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2005; ื•ื› -1.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืืœืฆืช ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ืžืกืชื›ืžืช ื‘ื›- 210,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ', '.ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉื "ื—- 1998 , .ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช', 'ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื•ื™, ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘- 1992 ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ื• . ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืžื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื ื’ืจื ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื ื’ืจื ื”ืคืกื“ ื›ืกืคื™ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืืฃ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืืœืชืจ ื‘ ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ืžืขืžื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ื ืงื•ื˜ื™ื ืืฆืœื”, ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืชืงื ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื.']
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘
โ™ฆ . 1. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื”ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช. ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืงื ื™ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืจื‘ื”. 2. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 1992 ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ืื– "ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”), ืฉืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ื•ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืจืกื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 1995 ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื“ื•ื—). ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: "ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื— ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืžืงื™ืคื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื, ืœืืคื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื". ืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื” ืž- 21.11.94 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืจืฉืžื” ืœืคื ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืืฉืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘. ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ืŸ: ื”ืงืžืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช; ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคืชื— ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”". ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื” ืขื ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœื™ื” ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืจื•ืชื™ื”, ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘- 27.11.94 ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœื”ืื—ื“ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ, ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื” ื’ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืชื•. .ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ .1. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืจืš ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘2 ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ื›ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ืขืžื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจ; ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื: .ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช "ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื" ืจืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. ืืš ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2003 , ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” .__________________ .2 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืคื•ืจืกืžื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— 53 'ื‘' ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ "ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”" ืขืž85- 86. 282 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื™ "ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื". ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืœื”, ื›ื™ "ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื”ื, ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ืกืจ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข, ืืคื•ื, ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช". ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื”; ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™; ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™; ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื•'. ื“ื ืขืงื, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 , ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• 3.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื• -11 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. 2. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 :ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” "ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉืขืชื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ืื›ืŸ ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช ื•ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื•. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•. ืžื”ื›ืจืขื” ื–ื• ื ื’ื–ืจืช ื’ื ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื™ ื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืื—ืจ. ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžืกื™ื™ืข, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืฆืข, ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืชืคืขืœ ืชื—ืช ื’ื’ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”). ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืจ ืœืคื™ื“, ื•ื”ื’ื‘' ืœื‘ื ื™, ืืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ื, ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ื•, ืœื ืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื–ื”. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื•ืœืื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“". ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื›ื™ "ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืจืืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื• ]ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืืจื™ืืœ [ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ื•ืจื”"ืž ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 283 . ,ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœื ืกื— ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืืฃ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ื’ื™ ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื ื• ืื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ, ืขืœ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ืื•ืœื ื’ื ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืชื ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ - ืœืขืฆื ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— (ืื ืœื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื“ืขื”, ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื•, ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•: "ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉ ื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ืืฉืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ื›ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืœื• ืžื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืืžืฅ, ื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื™ืคืขืœ ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉืŸ ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื". 3. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื 20.12.06 , ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ืจืฉื–ื•ืŸ. ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžืจ ืื™ื™ืœ ื’ื‘ืื™. ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื 14.1.07 :ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื“ืื–- ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืœืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื•ืš 90 ื™ื•ื ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื”. ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืขื“ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2007 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ืžืฆืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ื›ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืง ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ืชืขื•ืจืจื•. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืืฃ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืฉื ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืคื ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืจืก ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืžื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช. 284 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ .1. ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื ืช 1995 ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืชื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืื—ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™: ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื• ื”ื•ืงื ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืกื“ืจ; ื™ืฉื ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ื— ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช, ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ื™ืกื™ืจ ืื™- ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื’ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. 2. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื, ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืžื” ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื• ื”ื•ืงืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช - ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื– - 1977 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”) - ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: ืจืืฉื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ืืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืžืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืจืฉืื™ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื ืงืช ื’ืžื•ืœ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฆื•, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. ื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืข ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื ืงืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืชืคื•ืจืกื ื‘"ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช". ื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจ - ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื”- 1985 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘), ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ื™ื ื”ื™ื’ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกื›ื ืื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ื”ื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืชื•ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœืžืช ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ - ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืชืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื“ื ืŸ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ - ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืงืคื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ: (ื) ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2000 -2004 ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœื”, ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื, ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก - ืžืขื ืงื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื• ืžืขื ืง ืฉืœ 88,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 - ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›- 30,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2000 -2001 .ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื” ืžื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืžื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืชื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื• ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืคื ื™ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 285 . ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืคืจืกื ื‘"ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช" ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ. ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื•ืฉืจ ื›ื“ืช ื•ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ื ืขื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืš ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• - ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื›ืš. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื ืžืขื ืง ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. (ื‘) ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2001 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื“ืื– (ืžืจ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืจื›ืœื‘ืกืงื™) ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืž-50% ืœ-75% ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ื”ืขืชืง ืžื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื’ื ืœืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 75% .ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื“ืื– ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื•, ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื“ืื– ืžืจ ืืžื ื•ืŸ ืœื™ืคืงื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืง. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืืœื™ื” ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื–ืžื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”. ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื ืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืฉืจ. ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืžืกืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื• "ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื, ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื ืฉืžืจื” ื›ืœ ื”ืขืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ" ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขื ืง, ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ื™ืคื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืจืง ืื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืœืื•, ืื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื”. 286 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืื™-ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ .ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ื•ืงืคื“, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืืœื ื’ืžื•ืœ ืกื‘ื™ืจ. ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ืจืื” ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” - ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“. ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืœื ื—ืœื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ื“, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื”ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื’ื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืชื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืคื ื” ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ, ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืœื ืกืžืžื ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืจ ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื–, ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื‘- 24.12.06 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ืคืขืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช - ืกืžื•ืš ืœื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•. .๏ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 , ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-11 ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื–ื”, ืฉืžื•ืชืื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื—ืจืฃ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ.
[[3047, 4769], [4785, 7113], [7955, 8072], [9601, 9928], [9944, 10019], [10492, 10623], [10902, 11008], [11669, 12044], [13227, 13715]]
['ื“ื ืขืงื, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 , ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• 3.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื• -11 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. 2. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 :ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” "ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉืขืชื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ืื›ืŸ ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช ื•ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื•. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•. ืžื”ื›ืจืขื” ื–ื• ื ื’ื–ืจืช ื’ื ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื™ ื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืื—ืจ. ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžืกื™ื™ืข, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืฆืข, ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืชืคืขืœ ืชื—ืช ื’ื’ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”). ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืจ ืœืคื™ื“, ื•ื”ื’ื‘\' ืœื‘ื ื™, ืืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ื, ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ื•, ืœื ืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื–ื”. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื•ืœืื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“". ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื›ื™ "ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืจืืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื• ]ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืืจื™ืืœ [ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ื•ืจื”"ืž ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“', '. ,ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœื ืกื— ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืืฃ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ื’ื™ ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื ื• ืื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ, ืขืœ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ืื•ืœื ื’ื ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืชื ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ - ืœืขืฆื ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— (ืื ืœื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื“ืขื”, ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื•, ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•: "ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉ ื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ืืฉืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ื›ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืœื• ืžื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืืžืฅ, ื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื™ืคืขืœ ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉืŸ ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื". 3. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื 20.12.06 , ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ืจืฉื–ื•ืŸ. ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžืจ ืื™ื™ืœ ื’ื‘ืื™. ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื 14.1.07 :ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื“ืื–- ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืœืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื•ืš 90 ื™ื•ื ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื”. ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืขื“ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2007 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ืžืฆืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ื›ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืง ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ืชืขื•ืจืจื•. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืืฃ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืฉื ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืคื ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืจืก ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืžื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช.', 'ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื’ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ.', 'ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื” ืžื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืžื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืชื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื• ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืคื ื™ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”', '. ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืคืจืกื ื‘"ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช" ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื ืžืขื ืง ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.', 'ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ.', 'ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขื ืง, ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ื™ืคื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืจืง ืื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืœืื•, ืื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื”.', 'ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 , ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-11 ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื–ื”, ืฉืžื•ืชืื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื—ืจืฃ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ.']
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช/ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช