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Mr. President. if the Senator will permit me to express my thanks for the remarks of the Senator from Hawaii. his remarks about the leadership and his characterization of it as joint leadership. which it is: people who are not as familiar with the Senate as is the Senator from Hawaii mistake the fact that frequently while we are adversaries. more often than not we share the responsibility in moving the business of the Senate from a procedural standpoint. and I thank him for acknowledging that. and I thank him for his kind words.

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Mr. BAKER

Unknown

BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. will the Senator yield?

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Mr. THURMOND

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THURMOND

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. before I yield. I ask unanimous consent that the time for the transaction of routine morning business be extended to not later than 1 p.m.

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Mr. BAKER

Unknown

BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. will the Senator make it 12:45 p.m.?

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

I will make it this minute if we can do it. Yes. I will revise the request to make it until 12:45.

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Mr. BAKER

Unknown

BAKER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection? The Chair hears none. and it is ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

Unknown

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I yield the floor temporarily.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I rise to extend my congratulations to the leaders of the Senate. especially the majority leader and the minority leader. for their accomplishments of this session. I think the staff we have here at the desk is the most competent we have had since I have been here. I think the staff on the Republican side and the staff on the Democratic side are more efficient than I have seen here in my 28 years. Mr. President. I especially wish to commend the able majority leader for all he has done in providing outstanding leadership at this past Congress. 2 years. I do not know of any man on our side of the aisle who could have pulled the differing. divergent views of the Senators together and accomplished what he has done. The very fact we got through the continuing resolution was because of his tenacity and his determination to get it done. The same thing applies to the Highway Improvement Act. and we could name many other things. I will not take the time now to list the various pieces of legislation that this Congress has enacted. but I want to say that a great many valuable pieces of legislation have been enacted. There have been some things that have not gone through that I felt should have gone through: Some parts of the crime package. the regulatory bill. the immigration bill. the constitutional amendment to balance the budget. and other things. But I wanted to especially pay a tribute to the majority leader. I also want to congratulate the minority leader for the cooperation he has given to the majority leader. I think we have the two ablest leaders right nowmajority and minority leadersthat we have had in the 28 years I have been in the Senate. We appreciate what they have done to promote the work of the Senate and their accomplishments for the good of the people of this Nation. We all wish them a happy Christmas and a New Year filled with good health and happiness.

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Mr. THURMOND

Unknown

THURMOND

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. the 97th Congress has been a productive one. We have taken steps to strengthen the economy. lower interest rates. and provide for the defense of our Nation. This would not have been possible without the able leadership on both sides of the aisle. The majority leader. HOWARD BAKER has handled his responsibilities with authority. yet accommodation. direction yet deference. His unique leadership qualities have enabled Republicans and Democrats to enjoy a workable and productive relationship. It has been an honor and a privilege to work with him. not only during the last 2 years. but during the prior years when he handled the duties of minority leader with equal aplomb. The majority in the Senate would have been hard pressed to accomplish as much had It not been for the cooperation. dedication. and statesmanship of the minority leader. ROBERT C. BYRD. His expertise in parliamentary procedure. respect for the institution. and understanding of the role of the majority as well as the minority have been invaluable to the Senate as well as the Nation. He is. in all respects. a leader. Finally. Mr. President. as we close the 97th Congress. I take this opportunity to commend the staff of the U.S. Senate for their long hours of service and their dedication. All of the staff. personal and committee. guards. dining room staff. postal staff. cleaning staff. the official reporters of debates. clerks. pages. cloakroom attendants and many. many others have put in long hours and have done an excellent job. They deserve our thanks.

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Mr. STEVENS

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STEVENS

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I am sure the distinguished majority leader would want to share with me my words of thanks to the distinguished President pro tempore. He is one of the most considerate Members of this body. I know from my own personal experience just how considerate and how thoughtful he is. and I want to thank him. He is a man who is absolutely fearless. I heard the late Richard B. Russell once say that about STROM THURMONDhe is absolutely fearless. He has tremendous courage and is also very courteous. He always has been very courteous to me and very considerate and very understanding. I am. indeed. proud of the statement he has made concerning the little part that I have played in the conduct of the business of the Senate.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

Unknown

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12231982.txt

Will the Senator yield?

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

The Senator from Tennessee. the distinguished majority leader.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

Unknown

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Special

12231982.txt

I thank the Chair. Mr. President. I wish to join the minority leader in expressing my thanks as well for his generous remarks. I have often commented in private and I would now like to say publicly. using the Senate as a forum for the occasion. that STROM THURMOND. of South Carolina. makes a major contribution to the welfare of this country. I would like to say to my colleagues. Mr. President. that in my experience. and based on the reading of the history of this institution. that I have not known of a President pro tempore who has made a greater contribution and who has taken more seriously the responsibilities that go with that high office. I fully expect. Mr. President. that before this session is concluded. more formal statements will be made on behalf of the Senate in respect to the service of the President pro tempore. But before that is done. I wish to express my personal appreciation to him for the remarks that he has just uttererd.

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I hope that Senators have had a chance to make their comments about the need for changes in the rules of the Senate. I think there are 100 Members here who want to see changes. but I do not think we are going to make those changes this afternoon. I have spoken to the distinguished majority leader a few days ago about the matter. I think we came to a conclusion that we wanted to appoint. either by resolution or simply by just going ahead and appointing a group of Senators to work with the Rules Committee and with the RibicoffPearson effort to make some recommendations for changes in the rules. I think it will be interesting. very interesting. to see 100 Members of the Senate come together on changes in the rules. 100 Members agree that there ought to be changes. and there should be. But I think they all should have an opportunity to make that input. If the majority leader is agreeable. we could get together during the next 2 or 3 days. or during the holidays. and name some Senators to work together with the Rules Committee and with former Senator RIBICOFF and former Senator Pearson in making some recommendations. and to solicit ideas from all Senators so that everyone will have an input. I think that that is the only orderly way in which we can proceed. And even then it is going to be extremely difficult to get 100 Senators to agree on everything. But perhaps some improvements can be made in the Senate rules that will enable us to bring them into the late. late part of the 20th century in some respects.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Will the Senator yield?

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I entirely agree with the minority leader. Indeed. I would wish to confer with him further during the holiday period. if we may do so. to designate Senators on both sides of the aisle to discuss this matter and present their viewsI hope their views on a unanimous bipartisan basisto us. that is the joint leadership. to consider how we proceed. As has been pointed out. the Senate has already. by resolution. requested two of our distinguished former colleagues. Senator RIBICOFF and Senator PEARSON. to examine the situation. I expect we will have a report from them in due course. perhaps as early as February. I will not wait for a resolution on this part. I am perfectly prepared to go forward with the designation of an appropriate number of Senators. I will represent to my friend the minority leader that I will consult with him before I leave town. which will be after Christmas now. and we will try to work that out.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

I will be very happy to work with the majority leader. I do not think we should wait until the next session. I think when we talk about changes in the rules we ought to take a new look at the Budget Reform Act as well.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. this last. arduous week of the 97th Congress has brought into particularly sharp focus the valuable contributions of Senate staff. Their work has a direct and important impact on the quality of legislation that is produced by Congress. and this holiday season of giving provides an appropriate opportunity to express my personal appreciation to those who help Senators discharge their duties. Few staffs in Congress have a broader mandate of responsibility. work under more pressure and for longer hours than does the staff of the Democratic Policy Committee in the Senate. Abby Saffold. Charles Kinney. and Martin Paone are well known to all Senators for their thorough. effective. and courteous work on the Senate floor. Although they serve the Senators on my side of the aisle on scheduling and other floor matters. they are a vital part of the bipartisan mechanism of the Senate. I particularly single out Abby. Charles. and Marty for their tireless efforts on behalf of my colleagues on this side of the aisle. I thank them for their diligent attention to detail. for their unfailing dedication. for their concern for the interests of Democratic Senators. and for their constant. congenial. and courteous presence. I commend them on their close working relationship with those on the majority side who perform similar dutiesHoward Green. secretary for the majority. John Tuck. assistant secretary for the majority. and Elizabeth Baldwin. floor assistant. I have found Elizabeth Baldwin to be exceptionally capable. courteous. and understanding. Regardless of the pressures of the Senate and the lateness of the hour. she is always extremely cordial and considerate. I take this occasion to express my personal appreciation for those fine qualities. Democratic Senators are grateful for this cooperative relationship between the majority and minority floor staffs. In our role as the minority. the Democratic Policy Committee staff has stepped in to fill this void and consistently has provided extremely useful issuerelated information and coordination to all Democratic Senators. Rob Liberatore. staff director of the Democratic Policy Committee. is intelligent and hard working. He has been instrumental in facilitating the work of the committee. I might add that we intend to continue this work after 1984 as wellshould we be so fortunate as to regain the majority in the Senate. The domestic issues staff has been ably led by Susan Manes. and the international affairs/defense staff has been effectively directed by Dick McCall. the committees deputy staff director. Most Senators are familiar with the accurate and thorough Democratic legislative bulletins. the weekly legislative updates and economic data reviews. the analyses of Senate voting histories. individualized voting records. and indexes of Senate votes. All of these invaluable materials are prepared under the direction of the Policy Committee and especially under the direction of Beth Shotwell. the committees chief clerk. These publications are designed to provide Senators with information useful to them in analyzing public policy issues and the history and record of the Senate. I also want to express my appreciation of the Policy Committees communications office. headed by Greg Schneiders. for their ambitious and productive efforts with the press offices of Democratic Senators. I thank Terry Sauvain. the secretary for the minority. for his hard work for Democratic Senators. He. too. has done an outstanding job. and I wish him well in his new position as minority deputy clerk of the Appropriations Committee. Following in his footsteps will be Patrick Griffin. who will be the new secretary for the minority in the 98th Congress. Pat previously has served on the Democratic Policy Committee floor staff and as my executive assistant for floor operations. I look forward to working with Pat in the next Congress. I also commend Patrick Hynes. assistant secretary for the minority. the cloakroom staffThomas Gonzales. Bob Bean. Bill Norton. Joe Hart. and Tom Kellyand all the fine pages for their understanding good cheer and helpfulness in the conscientious performance of their responsibilities. Bill Hildenbrand. the Secretary of the Senate. and Howard Liebengood. the Sergeant at Arms. have served the Senate wellboth as individuals and as the leaders of their hardworking staffs who perform numerous tasks. I particularly appreciate the devoted service of Jeanine Drysdale in her position as executive assistant to the Sergeant at Arms. as well as that of the doormen and all the Sergeant at Arms and Secretary of the Senates employees who work around the floor and the lobby. The Senates work is facilitated by many people. but few people are more associated with the daytoday important work of the Senate than are those gentlemen who man the desk below the Presiding Officer. I speak of Bob Dove. Alan Frumin. and Joseph Strickland. the Parliamentarians. Bill Farmer. the legislative clerk. Scott Bates. assistant legislative clerk. Jim Thorndike. the journal clerk. and Vince Del Bazo. the bill clerk. Fred Sparrow. the enrolling clerk. serves as a vital link in the legislative process. and I appreciate the efficient manner in which he discharges his duties. I want to express a special thanks to our Chaplain. the Reverend Mr. Halverson. whose prayers and spiritual guidance enrich this body enormously. I look forward to his thoughtful prayer which starts each day of our session. Mr. President. there are simply too many people who work long and hard to help this august body function for me to name each and every one of them. The Capitol Police. the employees of the press galleries. the employees of the Senate restaurantsall contribute to the operation of the Senate. I am very proud of all these loyal employees of the public. They should take great personal pride in the part they play in serving the publics interests. To all those who labor in the Senate. be it in the spotlight or in the shadows. I thank every one of them and wish them a peaceful and blessed holiday season and a new year filled with hope and promise.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. as this tumultuous special session of the 97th Congress draws to its close and as we prepare at last to leave this citysome of us. at leastfor our home States. I wish to call my colleagues special attention to a fine work of our distinguished majority leadera work which he has accomplished not in this Chamber but in his beloved darkroom. This work is a book of photography entitled "Howard Bakers Washington." and as the noted columnist Haynes Johnson observes in this past Sundays Washington Post. this book offers a warmhearted look at Washington. sensitively and interestingly recorded. a real delight for anyone who loves this capital city. I wish that someone 100 years ago in this body would have done the same. because. after all. I think it takes someone within this body to really understand the body. understand its history. understand what goes on. and have the perspective for future historians. future college professors. judges. and lawyers who are interested in Washington and the Capital of the Nation and the Federal legislature a history of all of these things. I think it requires someone who has that inside perspective. HOWARD BAKER has that perspective. He is an excellent photographer. While I am only a thirdrate fiddler. he is a first rate photographer. And I want to say that those of us who know him well know that if the distinguished Senator from Tennessee had his "druthers." he would spend a great deal more time behind the camera than in front of a camera. This bookand I appreciate his having given me a copyis persuasive evidence of his photographic talent. his intimate knowledge of this city and its traditions. and his winning way with the written word and the photograph. which. in words I shall paraphrase. takes the place of a thousand words. As Mr. Johnson says. "On its own. the text is well worth the price. for BAKER writes with refreshing candor and a nice leavening of humor. Interspersed throughout are striking passages that take you quite by surprise." Mr. President. I know my colleagues on both sides of the aisle join me in congratulating our good friend from Tennessee on this literary and artistic achievement. and I ask unanimous consent that the text of Mr. Johnsons column in the Washington Post of December 19 be inserted in the RECORD at this point.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. has the minority leader concluded his remarks?

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

I have.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. let me express my deep appreciation to the minority leader for his remarks on my literary effort. if it deserves that name at all. I was taken by surprise. but I am grateful in the extreme. In this very city. which we both respect so much and for which both of us have great feeling. I have heard people say that certainly the majority leader and perhaps even the minority leader are frustrated. that being a Senator or even the leader is their secondary ambition in life. If I could take pictures as well as the minority leader can fiddle. I might agree with him. But I cannot. I have to confine myself to doing the best I can. I am extremely grateful for the kind remarks of the Senator from West Virginia. Let me say one thing in all seriousness. I enjoyed doing that book. It is an accumulation of photographs over a number of years. But that was really not the part I enjoyed the most. I enjoyed writing the text and relating my own feelings about the city. which I did not know I had until I started putting pen to paper. That came from a part of my subconsciousness. When the Senator mentions a feeling for the history of this city. I have to point out that I do not know a soul who has a better and more complete understandng and feeling for the history of the Senate and of this city than does the minority leader. The periodic speeches that he made on the history of the Senate will stand. I am convinced. as a milestone for recording the contributions of this body to our Nations progress. Not only we but historians of the future will be deeply grateful to him for centuries to come for that insight. I wish to express my gratitude to him for his remarks from that perspective. as a historian who understands the Senate and this Federal City.

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

I thank the distinguished Senator.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. may I ask the distinguished majority leader whether or not he intends to leave the RECORD open for a day or so for Members who wish to insert material?

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I am advised by the Secretary of the Senate that keeping the RECORD open today would be no problem at all. but since tomorrow is a holiday it would require extraordinary effort on his part and perhaps great expense. Mr. President. I ask unanimous consent that the RECORD remain open for the insertion of statements for the remainder of this day. not past the hour of 5 p.m.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

It has not been granted.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

I renew the request.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection to the request of the majority leaders? If not. without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. could I inquire of the minority leader if he is prepared to take up the wrapup file?

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I ask unanimous consent that the time for routine morning business be extended.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I have a request for four committees to be discharged from the consideration of certain measures that have already reached us from the House. Let me list the four and ask en bloc that the committees be discharged from their consideration. I ask unanimous consent first that the Energy Committee be discharged from further consideration of H.R. 4568. that the Government Affairs Committee--

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. will the distinguished Senator state the title of the bills?

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Mr. LONG

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12231982.txt

H.R. 4568 is the conveyance of land to Albuquerque. N. Mex. Next is to discharge the Government Affairs Committee from consideration of H.R. 6519 dealing with IRS interns. Next is H.R. 5027. that the Governmental Affairs Committee be discharged from further consideration of H.R. 5027. to designate the building known as the Walter E. Hoffman U.S. Courthouse. The fourth and final discharge request is to discharge the Committee on the Judiciary from further consideration of House Joint Resolution 630 on the 150th anniversary of the founding of Greene County. Mo. First. Mr. President. I ask that these committees be discharged as requested. and second. I ask that the Senate proceed to their consideration en bloc.

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

Unknown

Unknown

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. there is no objection so far as I know to the discharge of these committees as requested and no objection to proceeding.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. is there any material in those bills not relevant to the title of the bill?

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Mr. LONG

Unknown

LONG

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I am told by our clerk that there is no irrelevant material. They are all simple and straightforward and correctly described in the request.

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Mr. BAKER

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BAKER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection to the request? Without objection. it is so ordered. The committees are discharged. The clerk will report the first bill.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I had hoped to consider all four measures en bloc. I make that request.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection to the consideration of these measures en bloc? If not. without objection. it is so ordered. MO. The joint resolution (H.J. Res. 630) to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the founding of Greene County. Mo.. was considered. ordered to a third reading. read the third time. and passed.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

Unknown

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I would like to join my colleague. Representative G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST. in support of H.R. 5027. This legislation will name the U.S. courthouse in Norfolk. Va.. in honor of Judge Walter E. Hoffman. Judge Hoffman. who retired from the bench in 1974. has the distinction of serving more years as a judge in the eastern district of Virginia than anyone in history28 years. As both a judge and as a member of the Southern Football Officials Association. during which he officiated at 112 major college football games. Judge Hoffman made all of his calls according to the rulesnever on the basis of political expediency. It gives me a great deal of pleasure. Mr. President. to see Judge Hoffman receive this honor which he so richly deserves. Mr. President. I thank the leadership for expediting this matter. The bill was considered. ordered to a third reading. read the third time. and passed.

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Mr. WARNER

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WARNER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. H.R. 6519 allows the Internal Revenue Service to use legal interns more completely than they presently are. The IRS has used second and third year law students under authority given in the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978. Present law. however limits their usefulness to the IRS because they are forbidden access to certain tax returns and return information. Currently that information is available only to IRS employees. When this bill was considered on the floor of the House of Representatives. some technical amendments were made at the request of the Department of the Treasury to tighten up the coverage of the bill. The version of the bill we are considering here today is fully supported by the administration as evidenced by the letter sent to the chairman of the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. the Honorable WILLIAM D. FORD. I ask that the text of that letter be printed in the RECORD. This legislation will permit legal interns participating in recognized programs in the IRS to have access to certain information necessary for the performance of their duties. The letter follows:

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Mr. STEVENS

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I move to reconsider the votes by which the various measures were passed.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I move to lay that motion on the table. The motion to lay on the table was agreed to.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. there is one other item before we turn to the final formalities of this session of Congress. consideration of H.R. 7410. I ask the distinguished minority leader if he is prepared to proceed to that measure.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Yes. Mr. President. I am.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

I ask the Chair to lay before the Senate H.R. 7410. a bill dealing with the quarterly financial reports of the Federal Trade Commission.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

The bill will be stated by title.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I ask unanimous consent that the bill be considered as having been read the first and second times and that the Senate proceed to the immediate consideration of H.R. 7410.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. H.R. 7410. which passed the House yesterday evening. provides for the transfer of the Quarterly Financial Report (QFR) from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to the Census Bureau. Since 1947. the QFR has been performed by the FTC. It provides very current aggregate statistics on the financial earnings of U.S. corporations and is used to make quarterly and annual estimates of the gross national product. In short. it is an important statistical indicator for the Nation. The administration has determined that the QFR would be better administered by the Bureau of the Censusthe Nations primary statistical agencythan by the FTC. which is an investigatory and rulemaking body. Let me reassure my colleagues. who may be friends or foes of the FTC. that this bill deals solely with the transfer of authority for a single statistical activity. It does not impair or otherwise strip the FTC of any other existing authority or function. As drafted. the bill has the full support of the FTC. the Census Bureau. the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. the National Association of Manufacturers. and. of course. the administration. Time is of the essence. since the next QFR is scheduled to be taken later this month. The Census Bureau needs this bill in order for the mandatory compliance provisions of title 13. United States Code to apply. I urge my colleagues to support this bill so that the bill can be promptly transmitted to the President for his signature. The bill is open to amendment. If there be no amendment to be proposed. the question is on the third reading of the bill. The bill was read the third time. and passed.

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Mr. PERCY

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PERCY

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12231982.txt

I move to reconsider the vote by which the bill passed.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

I move to lay that motion on the table. The motion to lay on the table was agreed to.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I sincerely thank the officials and the officers of the SenateWilliam Hildenbrand. Howard Greene. Howard Liebengood. and Terry Sauvain. they are the most dedicated of officials. and they are my friends. I thank the floor staff on both sides of the aisle. On the Republican side: Howard Greene. John Tuck. and Elizabeth Baldwin. on the Democratic policy side: Abby Saffold. Charles Kinney. and Marty Paone. the legislative scheduling staffLynne Grant and Cindy Oravecz. the GOP cloakroom staffMarcia Gambrel. John Doney. Brad Smith. and George Cartagena. the Senate officials at the deskBob Dove. Bill Farmer. Scott Bates. Jim Thorndike. Bill Lackey. Vince Del Balso. Joe Strickland. and Allen Frumin. I express our thanks to Russell Walker. editor in chief. and Jeanie Bowles. assistant editor. of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. and to the Official Reporters of debates: William Mohr. Ben Firshein. Charles Reynolds. Frances Garro. Frank Smonskey. Ronald Kavulick. and Jerald Linnell. I also thank the Democratic. and Republican pages. doormen. police. the support staffjanitors. restaurant staff. the Chaplain. Dr. Halverson. and others for their diligent and dedicated service during the activities of the 97th Congress.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

Without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I send a resolution to the desk and ask that it be stated by the clerk.

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Mr. BAKER

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12231982.txt

The clerk will state the resolution by title.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

The Chair appoints the majority leader and minority leader as members of the committee.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I send a resolution to the desk and ask that it be stated.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

The resolution will be stated by title.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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12231982.txt

Mr. President. I would like for it to be read in full so we can know what those certain appointments are.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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12231982.txt

I thank the Chair and I thank the clerk.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

ROBERT C.

BYRD

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I send to the desk a resolution and ask that it be stated.

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Mr. BAKER

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The resolution will be stated.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I send another resolution to the desk and ask that it be stated.

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Mr. BAKER

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The resolution will be stated.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I send to the desk a resolution and ask that it be stated.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

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The resolution will be stated.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I invite my colleague. the distinguished minority leader. to join me to execute the resolution of the Senate as a committee of two Senators to wait upon the President of the United States and notify him that we have completed our business. In order to gain time to do that. I suggest the absence of a quorum.

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Mr. BAKER

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The clerk will call the roll.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded.

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Mr. BAKER

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Without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I send a resolution to the desk and ask for its immediate consideration.

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Mr. THURMOND

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The clerk will state the resolution.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I send a resolution to the desk and ask for its immediate consideration.

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Mr. THURMOND

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The clerk will state the resolution.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Is there objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I wish to express my thanks to the distinguished President pro tempore and to the Senate. Mr. President. I suggest the absence of a quorum.

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Mr. BAKER

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The clerk will call the roll.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded.

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Mr. BAKER

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Without objection. it is so ordered.

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The PRESIDING OFFICER

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Mr. President. now I am happy to report on behalf of the committee appointed by the Senate to wait upon the President that we have concluded our assignment. The distinguished minority leader and I have had the privilege of speaking with the President on the telephone just now to inquire of him if he had further business that he wished to present to Congress. He indicated that he did not. He asked that we convey to the Senate and all its Members his wishes for a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year and that he looks forward to our service together next year.

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Mr. President. no less a constitutional expert than James Madison called the U.S. Senate "the great anchor of Government." History may well record that the Senate served as an anchor for our ship of state during the second session of the 97th Congress. It cannot be denied that our Nation is beset by unpredictable winds and rough watersthe economic. social. and political crosscurrents of this given place in history. It is equally true that the Senate has striven to exert a steadying influence in these uncertain times. Being an anchor. I hasten to say. is by nature a stressful and difficult job. Like the winds and the waves in a storm. political interests are straining to sweep us away in their chosen directionoftentimes in many directions at once. Those who believe that the ship of state must move swiftly on its way are dismayed at the seeming lack of motion. At the same time those who yearn for calmer waters are dismayed by the commotion: An anchor may foreclose an illcharted course but it does not prevent the ship from buffeting. Madisons almost poetic metaphor for the Senate can perhaps be carried too far. but the central point ought to be clear. We live in troubled times. a final judgment on our stewardship would be premature. For those of us who wear the mantle of politicians. these are by no means favorable times. At one and the same moment. our Nation is faced with a host of problems for which easy or straightforward answers are not available. We confront. all at once. faltering productivity. high interest rates. a heavy burden of public and private debt. challenges in competing for world markets. the passing of the age of cheap energy. rising costs of Government. potential decay in the Nations infrastructure. distressingly high levels of unemployment. the threat of inflation. and concern about the status of public and private morality and traditional American values. The Senate has traditionally been considered the institution the Nation could look to for maintaining an historical perspectivesurely a needed viewpoint in public policy after recent years of social and economic upheaval. Yet. only nine current Senators were Members of this body before 1960. We constitute a Senate that reflects the changes in a nation that has undergone dramatic and sometimes traumatic changes. Theodore H. White has observed: Many of our problems flow out of American goodwill. trying to do everything for everybody. The 1960s and 1970s were a period of goodwill gone awry. White has further noted that the past two decades of goodwill resulted in high promises to everybody. "promises to save the cities. promises to take care of the sick. the old. the universities. By 1980 we had promised ourselves almost to the point of national bankruptcy." We are a nation facing the reality that we are living beyond our means. It has been calculated that between the midsixties and early eighties the gap between the Nations assets and liabilities grew almost tenfoldfrom $366 billion to $3 trillion. This is a dangerous erosion of the capital America needs to maintain economic growth. This awesome growth in debt reflects a nation continuing to make demands on a government and economy that probably could not be met in the best of times. Daniel Yankelovich has reviewed survey data of the past three decades to document public response to economic conditions. He found that: In the past 10 years. a significant shift in American attitudes has taken placefrom an optimistic faith in an openended future to a fear of economic instability. We now find a nation hovering between an older postwar faith on expanding horizons and a newer sense of lowered expectations apprehension about the future. mistrust of institutions and a growing sense of limits. Such hovering between choices was reflected in our most recent elections. Political pundits have devined no clear direction from the electorate. a sense of ambivalence. an unwillingness to make the hard choices ahead. Yet. to say that we have hard choices ahead presupposes that we have the freedom to choose. However. another trauma that we have to face as a nation is that we do not have complete control of our own destiny. The demands of Americans on their Government and economy may well be overwhelmed by the demands of the Third World for a new economic order. Inflation and high unemployment are global problems. Choices to be made by the United States may well be made by other nations for us. Decisions of OPEC. the Japanese auto industry and the Soviet military massively complicate the problems of the United States and severely limit the solutions to be offered. Decisions designed to address problems from shining sea to shining sea may well have to extend to the Indian Ocean. Perhaps reflecting the publics dismay at these accumulating problems. the 97th Congress was an instance of divided Governmenta situation that will continue in the 98th Congress. Having the Congress controlled by different partiesin this case Republicans in the Senate. Democrats in the House of Representativesis a rarity in our modern political history. Only twice before in this century have there been divided Congresses: The 62d Congress (191113) and the 72d Congress (193133). In the first case. President William Howard Taft confronted a Republican Senate and a Democratic House. and in the second President Herbert Hoover had to cope with the same configuration. Now President Reagan finds himself in a similar situation Perhaps it is only coincidental. but in all three cases it has been the Senate and the White House that have been in Republican hands. Divided partisan control accentuates the tensions that the constitution builds into the relationships of the two chambers. As is well known. the framers deliberately established dissimilar modes of constituting the House and Senate to permanently nourish different propensities and inclinations. The constitutional disparities are reflected in interChamber differences in size terms of office constituencies. and constitutional duties. Even though constitutional arrangements have changed dramatically over the years since 1789. one can rest assured that those different propensities and inclination are as wide discernible on Capitol Hill. Nor is the Senate an easy body to charactize. "It is very difficult to form a just estimate of the Senate of the United States." Woodrow Wilsonperhaps the most astute student of the Congressremarked in his 1907 Blumenthal lectures at Columbia University. "Nobody has been more discussed. nobody has more misundestood and traduced." Wilson went on to describe the variety and unpredictability of the Seattle in the following terms: It is impossible to sum up the Senate in any single phrase or summary description. For the Senate is as various as the country it represents. It represents the country. not the people: The country in its many diverse sections. not the population of the country. which tends to become uniform where it is concentrated. This diversity of opinion and debate is at once a source of strength and an object of puzzlement or disparagement on the part of critics. Even to those who serve in this body. it is cause for wonderment and frustration. The late Everett McKinley Dirksen. my fatherinlaw. often lamented the yoke of leadership in such an individualistic institution: There are one hundred diverse personalities in the U.S. Senate. 0 Great God. what an amazing and dissonant one Hundred personalities they are. What an amazing thing it is to harmonize them. What a job it is. The truth of those sentiments has fully come home to me in the past 2 years. The Senates free and relatively unfettered debate has. for good or ill. been remarked upon throughout history. and is a pertinent issue even today. Laying aside the question of efficiency or effectiveness of the Senates floor proceduresa matter that is now being given systematic study and that will presumably engage our attention in the 98th Congressthere is doubt that this body is fulfilling its historic role of providing a forum for the most pressing issues of public concern. Woodrow Wilson was only one of many observers who admired the Senate for Those habits of free and open debate which clear its mind. and to some extent the mind of the public. with regard to the Nations business. doing much towards making legislation definite and consistent. and against those great additions to its efficiency which spring from its observation of "slow and steady forms" of procedure. from the immediate election which gives it independence. and from its having a national and August cause for existing. Speaking as a leader concerned about the orderly processing of floor business. I must confess moments of frustration with my colleagues habits of free and open debate. Nonetheless. it must be conceded that the Senate remains true to its traditional purpose as the place where full and careful consideration is given to the most momentous and complex problems. Weighty as issues were in the middle of the last century when the Senate led the Nation in debating such issues as slavery. tariffs. and westward expansion. they were relatively few in number and occurred over a period of years or even decades. As President John F. Kennedy was fond of remarking. the Clays. Calhouns. and Websters of the 19th century had the luxury of devoting a whole generation or more to debating and refining the few great controversies at hand. In most cases. moreover. the battlelines were clearly drawn between the political parties and factions. Our present predicament could not be more different. The issues we confront are almost too numerous to count. Moreover. they defy simple categorization. Viewpoints of Senatorsor. for that matter. of the publicare not easily described or predictable. Our partisan loyalties or philosophies of Government fail to reach into the nooks of such issues. The issues are crosscutting and interrelated. And. as was noted before. they do not admit of simple solutions. In the 97th Congress. the Senate has aired many of these issues in all their detail and complexity. In more than a few cases. this Chamber provided virtually the only forum for full and free discussion of such issues. Given the political divisions in the country at large. it would be unreasonable to expect that quicker or tidy legislative solutions would emerge in each and every case. even in a majority of cases. However. the public discourse has been significantly advanced by what we have done here in this Chamber. A final role played by this Senate is that of serving as an adviser. and at times a counterweight. to the executive branch. Woodrow Wilson went so far as to observe that in legislativeexecutive relationships. the Senate was "no longer a legislative Chamber. buta consultative executive council." The constitutional underpinnings of the Senates unique role are of course its unique duties to advise and consent to Presidential appointments and treaties. Our duties toward the executive are underscored by the fact that the President and the Senate majority are of the same political persuasion. Thus the majority leadership of this body has a special obligation to see to it that the Presidents initiatives are accorded full and fair hearing on Capitol Hill. By the same token. we have a special duty to advise the President and his counselors concerning parliamentary strategies and tactics. The obligations which the Presidents partisans on Capitol Hill carry as his allies and colleagues are complicated by the fact that we are. after all. located at opposite ends of Pennsylvania Avenue. President Kennedy once remarked how different things looked from the White House vantage point than they had appeared to him in the Senate. We of the majority are loyal to the President and we share his goals. but we serve different constituencies and have different constitutional responsibilities. Neither the Constitution nor historical precedents offer simple formulas for working out these different roles. This second session has made its mark with several important legislative accomplishments. The first budget resolution for fiscal year 1983 directed certain House and Senate committees to recommend changes in law to bring spending and revenue levels into conformity with targets established in the resolution. To further fulfill the requirements of the first budget resolution. the Senate Finance Committee and House Ways and Means Committee reported and Congress passed the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982. that raised revenues by $98.3 billion and lowered spending by $16.8 billion for the same 3year period. It also authorized $4.8 billion for airport development projects. Additionally. Public Law 97253. the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982. called for legislative changes to effect budget savings consistent with the first concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 1983. For example. prevailing high interest rates. coupled with weak farm income for the third year in a row. led the Senate to authorize a 20percent setaside for wheat and rice acreage. The law also revised the dairy price support system. The distinguished Senator from South Carolina. Mr. THURMOND. introduced Senate Joint Resolution 58. which prohibits the adoption of any budget in which outlays exceed total receipts. unless approved by a threefifths vote of each House of Congress. The measure passed the Senate on To focus on the critical and unacceptable situation of unemployment. an important new law was passed to create job training. S. 2036. introduced by the distinguished Senator from Indiana. Mr. QUAYLE. authorized "such sums as necessary" for training programs operating by States in combination with local area governments and private industry councils. This new employment training program will replace the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act. The Housing and Urban DevelopmentIndependent Agencies appropriation bill. Public Law 97272. made special legislative note of our elderly and handicapped by appropriating $453 million for section 202 housing for these individuals. as well as $4 million for congregate services. and $1.350 billion for operating subsidies for public housing. The Voting Right Acts was extended for 15 years. despite significant progress. continued attempts to deny or abridge voting rights on account of race. color. or languageminority status justified continuation of Federal supervision of the electoral process of covered jurisdictions. A new section 203 required provision of bilingual registration. Regulatory reform was a major issue this Congress. in response to general public concern. and S. 1080. introduced by the distinguished Senator from Nevada. Mr. LAXALT. would make substantial changes in the basic notice and comment procedures required for informal rulemaking and would establish statutory requirements for regulatory analysis. This followed the Presidents fervent wishes to reduce the size and scope of the Federal Government. the bill passed the Senate in March. To maintain a strong and secure defense. the Congress passed the Department of Defense Authorization Act. which provided $253.6 billion in budget authority and $214 billion in outlays. The decisions were difficult in view of the economy and the budget deficits. but it was the strong sense of the Senate to provide substantial increases for defensive efforts. Concern among the public and in Congress about the size of the nuclear arsenals of the United States and the U.S.S.R. as well as the future strategic arms control led to the introduction of Senate Joint Resolution 212. by the distinguished Senator from Illinois.

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which commended President Reagans START proposal and states that a new arms control agreement should "sharply reduce" the number of missiles and warheads. It was reported in July. This Congress also confronted immigration law and policy. which the Senate felt was in dire need of reform. S. 2222. sponsored by the distinguished Senator from Wyoming. Mr. SIMPSON. and passed by the Senate. addressed the following issues: Control of illegal immigration. and reform of legal immigration. legalization. and as sense of ihe Congress that English and no other tongue is this countrys official language. There are also stringent penalties for violating the prohibition against employing unauthorized aliens. The Senate Committee on Evironment and Public Works has been working on revising the Clean Air Act. which expired at the end of 1981. They have proposed several salient amendments. including those dealing with hazardous pollutants. interstate pollution control. and acid precipitation prevention. Because of high interest rate and the sluggishness of our economy. savings and loan institutions were particularly hard hit. Mr GARN. the distinguished Senator from Utah. and chairman of the Banking. Housing and Urban Affairs Committee. sponsored legislation entitled "The GarnSt Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982." The law includes provisions to restructure and broaden the powers of depository institutions in an attempt to lessen the sensitivity of thrift institutions. and increases the flexibility of the Federal regulatory agencies to respond to troubled despository institutions (Public Law 97320). Operating in an environment of divided Government. the Senate can exert leadership in mediating. between the White House and the other body to fashion legislative solutions that would otherwise be impossible. That has certainly occurred in 1982. In several critical instances. salient legislative accomplishments would simply not have been possible without the Senates legislative prowess. These achievements rank high in any assessment of the Senates workload in the 97th Congress. as they unquestionably will when the history of this era is written. It is both my hope and expectation that the Senate will continue to serve as an anchor in the 98th Congress. The complexities and obstacles will no doubt be present. but they will be met by a will and conviction and determination that will insure responsible action. and responsible governing. Now Mr. President. I ask uanimous consent that a poem by Emily Dickinson be printed at this point in the RECORD.

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Mr. President. today marks the end of the 97th session of Congress and the Senate. It would be premature at this moment. so close to the closing of the session. to attempt an accurate assessment of it. The final judgment. rightly so. will be left to history. However. while an overall analysis is perhaps inappropriate at this time. it is not to soon to review the many. many contributions made by Senate Democrats to the total debate on the national agenda. After all. this session has been a unique one for us. It marked the beginning of what I hope will be our very shortlived role as the "loyal opposition." In some ways our having to adjust to nonmajority status has been difficulthonesty compels me to say this. But. learning to do it well has been rewarding. For indeed. we have made major contributions. and done so sometimes in the face of a process which has not often included us. and a White House that seeks not our counsel. If it had. it would have found a thorough and consistent set of alternatives. especially in the areas of social security. budgetary matters. jobs. and interest rates. These are also the areas it has focused on. but with which we still find ourselves in such deep. deep trouble. A review of the record for the last 2 years clearly shows that for every major policy question facing the Senate. Democrats had alternatives. Sometimes they were targeted in nature. sometimes more sweeping. These votes create a record which speaks for itself.

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Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD

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Mr. President. earlier this session I had the pleasure of returning to Illinois to visit the Rock Island Arsenal. I would like to pay tribute today to the dedicated men and women who contributed with such professionalism and skill to the accomplishment of the arsenals vital defense mission. Rock Island Arsenal is responsible for the manufacture of gun mounts. artillery. recoil mechanisms. gun carriages. small arms. aircraft weapons. and related spare parts. It is also tasked with the assembly of tool sets and basic issue items (BII) for United States and foreign countries. In addition. the arsenal provides administrative. logistical and facility support for the headquarters. U.S. Army Armament Materiel Readiness Command and other tenants. The arsenal is currently producing gun mounts for a number of selfpropelled vehicles. including the Armys newest tank. the M1 Abrams. In late November. Col. Paul Greenberg. the Rock Island Arsenal commander. delivered the first three arsenalproduced M1 gun mounts to the Army 2 weeks ahead of schedule. Prior to this ceremony. all gun mounts for the Abrams have been manufactured by private industry. Given the long production run that is planned for the M1. though. the Army determined that Rock Island Arsenal could provide a much needed second production source. The arsenal is now working on a first installment order for another 280 gun mounts. During my visit. I was especially gratified to discover that business at the arsenal is booming and employment there is up. not down. During the last fiscal year. the arsenal conducted almost $134 million worth of business and received $172 million in new work orders. As a result. the arsenal entered fiscal year 1983 with a healthy backlog of scheduled manufacturing projects. A large number of these projects involve orders for military equipment from foreign countries. Moreover. as a consequence of congressional action this year on H.R. 6758. which was introduced in the House by WILLIAM GOODLING and in the Senate by Senator HEINZ. Rock Island Arsenal should be able to conduct an additional 5 to 15 million dollars worth of business in producing gun mounts for export. Prior to the enactment of this bill. the U.S. Government had been prohibited from selling military equipment produced in U.S. Government arsenals to contractors if the contractors intended to include these items in commercial exports to friends and allies. H.R. 6758. which I was pleased to cosponsor. lifts this prohibition and authorizes these sales. To cope with the additional workload. Rock Island Arsenal announced in October that its civilian work force would be increased by 359 spaces. for a new total of 3.008. The increase means that employees already on board but in excess of the previous ceiling did not have to be let go. and additional personnel were hired. Over 500 applications were received for the needed machinist and engineering positions. Should an insufficient number of qualified applicants be found. the arsenal may call upon the recently enacted Illinois jobs training program to develop the necessary skills. Mr. President. before closing I would like to point out to my colleagues that Rock Island Arsenal is slated to undergo a major revitalization and modernization project that will require funding over the next several fiscal years. This $235 million facility modernization project. known as Rearm. will be the first major renovation at Rock Island Arsenal since World War II. The average age of machines currently in use at the arsenal is 29 years. Under the Rearm program. the arsenal will receive $142 million worth of new equipment. including 84 stateoftheart numerically controlled machine tools. and $92 million in construction projects. Once the Rearm project is completed. Rock Island Arsenal will be better equipped to meet peacetime weapons manufacturing requirements and better prepared for a mobilization surge should world conditions so warrant. I am confident that the Senate will continue to support the vital defense responsibilities performed by the arsenal and fully fund the upcoming Milcon requests for this important facility.*

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Mr. President. if there is no further business to come before the Senate. I move. in accordance with the provisions of House Concurrent Resolution 438. that the Senate do adjourn sine die.

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