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strongest ally so they need to learn to play together.
During practice, Sugawara watches Hinata and Kageyama working together and remark to Tanaka that to receive a toss from a setter is normal for them, but for Hinata, it's a privilege. Sugawara also notices that Kageyama has changed significantly since junior high, especially when it comes to his confidence in himself.
On the day of the 3-on-3 match, though Sugawara doesn't play, he watches his teammates and observes the underclassmen's skills. As Kageyama displays his true skills, Sugawara watches enviously and notes that Kageyama's truly amazing.
When the two first years try out a quick strike and it fails, Sugawara steps in between their argument with each other and points out that Kageyama's acting like he'd during junior high. He notes that Hinata may not have the technique or experience needed, but he has the physical ability. Kageyama has the skills to utilize Hinata's abilities to the fullest potential. As he says this, Sugawara acknowledges that he doesn't have the same skills so for someone like Kageyama, he should take advantage of what he has[5].
After the match ends in Kageyama and Hinata's favor, Sugawara stands off to the side with Daichi. Tanaka approaches them and asks if they'd planned for the two first years to get along like this. The two deny it and Sugawara adds that it wasn't Hinata who matched Kageyama's toss, but rather Kageyama who matched to the spiker.
As the first years are officially welcomed into the club, Daichi goes to Sugawara and Tanaka and thanks them for making things work. Sugawara tries to deny it, but Daichi implies that he knew about their secret practices. In return, Sugawara compliments Daichi for his work.
Sugawara is subbed into the match
Sugawara only plays once in the Interhigh match, and that was when Kageyama was subbed out. He comforts the first-year setter by saying that this was a chance for him to cool his head. Coach Ukai later tells Kageyama in the background to watch his senpai play, and take note of what he does. When Sugawara steps onto the court, he is able to cheer his teammates up with a bright smile and words of encouragement. Despite not spending much time on the court, he was able to help Karasuno gain more points by being about to point out what tactics their opponents could use, as well as advising his teammates.
While on the sidelines, Sugawara pays close attention to the way the other team plays, often able to give his teammates advice on how to beat the other team. On the off-chance that Sugawara is put in the game, he can carry over what he learned from watching on the sidelines to rally the team and score a few points. However, he quickly gets stressed out by the heat of the game and starts to over-think things too much.
Because Sugawara rarely plays in official matches, he's an unknown element. When he is called into games, the other teams, who may have had time to study up on the usual starting line up, don't typically know what to expect from Sugawara, thus working to Karasuno's advantage.
Height and reach, as of mid-November:
Fingertip Height: 222 cm
Jumping Reach: 299 cm (spike) / 285 cm (block)
Synchronized Attack: Since the summer training camp arc, Sugawara has been mostly responsible for the team's synchronized attacks. He also practiced spiking during that time and now uses that to confuse opponents in matches. In the final set of the final match against Shiratorizawa, he joins in with the rest of his team for several all-in synchronized attacks off of Yū Nishinoya's overhand tosses[6].
Pinch Serves: Sugawara is often subbed in to serve in place of Hinata or Tsukishima. He isn't capable of performing a powerful spike serve or a jump floater, but he is particularly good at aiming toward difficult spots for opponents to receive through the use of a float serve. He has frequently used float serves to force opponents' spikers, such as Kentarō Kyōtani, to receive, thus slowing them down and making them unable to spike[7].
Calculated One-Point Two-Setter: A synchronized attack with Sugawara as the setter and Kageyama as a spiker, giving Karasuno five (as opposed to four) available spikers.
Karasuno High
Daichi Sawamura:
The two are shown to be very close to each other, especially with their Captain and Vice-Captain relationship. They are often seen interacting in regards to decisions for the team and are usually the ones Coach Ukai comes to when having to deal with the team. Daichi and Sugawara are currently classmates in their third year.
Asahi Azumane:
Asahi is also a third-year and is shown to be very in-sync with Sugawara on the court. Coach Ukai commented on their setter-spiker relationship as something that's been "built over time". The two's relationship was a little murky after the loss against Date Tech High (as seen in Chapter 20), but after a match with the Neighborhood Association, they patched things up.
Tobio Kageyama:
Sugawara acknowledges Kageyama's ability, calling him a "talented first-year setter", but is still unwilling to "give up" the position of the setter to him. He does, however, let Coach Ukai understand that his feelings will not be hurt if he isn't playing as a regular, and he continues to treat Kageyama as a junior that he could both teach (especially in regards to interacting with the team) and learn from. Sugawara is also shown to be Kageyama's "handler", mostly in the early chapters where he's given the task to calm Kageyama down.
Yui Michimiya: While never explicitly mentioned, it is possible that Sugawara is aware of Michimiya's feelings toward Daichi, as seen when Michimiya gives Daichi a success charm for Karasuno's match against Shiratorizawa (and Sugawara moves the team away from the two with a sort of smirk or smile on his face).
Nekoma High
Morisuke Yaku:
Yaku and Sugawara have similar personality types, and are seen conversing in a friendly manner on multiple occasions. They first met during the Nekoma vs Karasuno practice match when Taketora and Tanaka were causing trouble. Sugawara and Yaku apologized to each other for their teammates and soon bonded over their similar positions of being caretakers for their teams.
" Daichi, you're not being as loud as usual. A captain can't lose his composure! "
To Daichi, Season 1 Episode 21
" If it were just me against Aobajohsai, I wouldn't stand a chance, but my teammates are plenty strong. "
Volume 7 Chapter 54/ Season 1 Episode 21
" But now that I'm on the court, the enemies are giants, and their spikes are directed right at me. Honestly, it scares me. Before, I would have let it affect me, but now, you've [Tobio] got my back. I feel really confident. "
To Kageyama, Volume 7 Chapter 55/ Season 1 Episode 21
" The points we get when I'm on the court, and the points we get when you're [Kageyama] on the court -all together, they're points for Karasuno. "
" I'll fight my best, and you'll [Kageyama] fight your best. That's how we're going to defeat Seijoh! "
" Slowly, I feel like I'm being strangled. Yet, strangely, I feel calm because panic hasn't affected my concentration just yet. That's because our goal is so clear in front of us. "
" [I want to be in the game.] I want to stay here longer. I want to stay with these guys. [Give me the thrill of the court.] I want to fight with these guys longer. [Let me feel out of breath.] Let me stand here. [I want to touch the ball. I want to fight.] I want to throw up a toss with my own hands over and over. Then, we'll [Karasuno] win the match that's right in front of us! "
Sugawara and Kageyama's dual | |
I would ever purchase as a subscription because it has kept me clean for 10 years now.
I grant you, it's a good product. The support is another issue.
That would be nice, but unfortunately Amazon doesn't do anything like that. They don't even verify physical products. There are tons of sellers on there selling fake goods such as clothing, electronics and pretty much everything else. It's one reason I'm cautious about who I buy from and prefer to purchase from Amazon directly if possible, or at least from sellers where Amazon is the one actually shipping the product (i.e. 'FULFILLMENT BY AMAZON' listings) because then at least Amazon takes full responsibility and will make it right if anything about the product or transaction is messed up or inaccurate. Ebay and Amazon both are generally pretty good about protecting buyers, but unfortunately if the issue isn't caught pretty early during their return period then they won't do anything about it most of the time.
I agree with your idea and I wish all these sites would do this sort of thing to verify goods, however it would be just as easy for a seller of the fake stuff (for software downloads at least) to start out initially selling a few legit copies just to pass validation and then start using keygens etc. for profit. With software, pre-validating every license key sold is a lot more difficult than verifying a physical copy of something, especially when we're talking about something like the old lifetime licenses for Malwarebytes, because back when they were created the online license validation system didn't exist yet so there were a LOT of keygens and pirated keys going around, but eventually Malwarebytes grew as a company thanks to their success and finally developed and rolled out a much more robust online license validation system that the pirates and scammers could no longer exploit (this is also the reason pretty much any time you see such today trying to sell them, they're either pushing long obsolete 2.x builds of Malwarebytes or they are using cracked copies of the software itself with modified binaries since they know the keys they are using won't activate/pass online validation, but it makes it pretty much impossible for users of those copies to receive updates so it has done a lot to curb this sort of thing). Basically, with the system in place as it is now these types of scams are far more difficult to pull off, so if anyone tried to sell me a 'valid' lifetime key for Malwarebytes, I'd only accept it if they were willing to send me one of the older physical boxed retail copies still sealed in the package with the license key, because anything else is very likely to be junk/a scam.
I think you're oversimplifying the validation process to make it sound easy to bypass. There are numerous things that can be done to make it harder to game the system - regular re-authorization for example and a significant financial penalty for any participant who violates the terms. Also, if MWB and other publishes don't band together to demand/force Amazon, eBay and others to require verified seller programs, then they're not really working in the cusomer's best interest.
The support is another issue.
But you also said...
3 hours ago, IMRSH said:
I even received assistance via email from MWB support on multiple occasions.
Seems the only issue is now that they wont honor a key that was not sold by them or an authorized seller. Just like Adobe or MS not giving free copy's of Office etc to those who received pirated copy's from non official sources.
Since you were not willing to accept the offer of a one year free license. Use the anti-exploit free beta and the free browser extensions for Chrome and Firefox and run manual scans to check the system on a regular basis. Malwarebytes will still clean whatever it finds at no cost.
Never said I didn't accept the free year.
If that's true, then why haven't larger companies like Adobe and Microsoft already done it? I think you may be overestimating the influence a company like Malwarebytes has. They can't just call up the anti-malware Justice League to have a meeting and get every other AV/AM vendor all in on something like this, and more than likely it would really have to come from Amazon's and ebay's side, otherwise they'd just ignore it because they are plenty large enough to get by just fine without carrying Malwarebytes (or any AV/AM software at all, or even any software period) so pressure from even a large number of vendors would likely have no effect, and that's assuming Malwarebytes even could somehow organize such a 'coming together' of all the AV/AM vendors; something I highly doubt they could accomplish (even a larger vendor like Symantec or Kaspersky would likely fail if they tried to do so).
The other issue is the fact that you can't verify that every key the seller is going to provide in the future is valid. License keys just don't work that way. They either are or are not valid, and no one can tell until the customer actually receives it and tries to activate the software with it, at which point if it does not work, they contact the seller or Amazon or Malwarebytes support, then it gets taken care of based on what the situation is and the responsible party. Again, this is why sites like ebay and Amazon have such strong buyer protection policies and flexible refund policies; it's just not feasible for them to provide such a thing for a purchase that took place 5+ years ago, which I'm sure you can understand. It's not like this is happening constantly today; it isn't. Virtually all of the sellers pushing scam lifetime keys now are pretty obvious about it, at least as soon as the software is provided to the user, because it comes with the crack, special instructions on how to try and bypass validation etc., otherwise it won't even work, in which case Amazon/ebay would get tons of reports about the seller, the negative feedback would pile up and they'd be gone in short order anyway.
The bottom line is, we can speculate on what Amazon/ebay etc. could or could not do, but it's a matter of what they are willing to do, and a relatively small company like Malwarebytes isn't likely going to be able to change their policies and practices, otherwise all the sellers that they've already reported and had taken down would have spurred them into action by now, but it hasn't. It all still works pretty much the same way, and I doubt Amazon/ebay are anxious to change it considering the relatively small number of bogus transactions weighed against the number of perfectly valid transactions they're able to profit from.
Also, just because technical support was provided in the past doesn't mean they don't deserve criticism now or for other aspects of customer support.
It's not the influence of one a/v or a/m company. It's a group of many different software publishers banding together to force the hand(s) of larger companies. And they can't call the anti-malware Justice League because no one bothers to form one. Also, your conclusion about a larger group having no effect makes no sense. Just because one small company would have no effect doesn't mean the same would be true of a larger group. Regarding verification ... you don't need to verify every single key - just the bona fides of the sellers. If they are verified and identified as such, and non-verified sellers are not allowed, illegitimate software will disappear - at least from large retailers. People need | |
But for a few days in March, the unstaffed rest areas were closed, due to large-scale pilfering of toilet paper from the facilities. Truck parking remained open, however. Now re-equipped, they've pledged to keep a tighter grip on the supplies and an even more robust approach to sanitation.
Rest Stops in Wyoming
"The Big Empty" has plenty of miles of interstate, along I-80, I-90 and 1-25. There are at least as many miles of state highway, connecting people over wide stretches of frontier unsullied by travel plazas or chain-motel ghettos. Wyoming operates 37 rest areas, including tourist information centers. We have cause to visit a selection each year while there to see friends, or eclipses, or my employers at the University of Wyoming.
Wyoming DOT says almost all their rest areas are now open, although there was a brief shutdown due to stolen toilet paper. Occasionally, there are water-related closures, which I know from painful experience when I've told myself I can hold on for another 30 miles until we get to that rest area, only to find it closed because a new well is being dug. Rest areas may also be closed for temporary weather or seasonal weather: if there's a big gate across a highway that says Road Closed, there's no point in trying to drive around that barrier. Yonder rest area isn't happening.
I've enjoyed decades of travel on virtually every road in the state, and Wyoming's aesthetically appealing, passive-solar powered facilities have never given me cause to worry about visible travelers or invisible germs. But I do keep an eye open for rattlesnakes.
These days I still prefer highway rest areas to the hubbub of the fast-food and gas-station travel plaza, busy with road-zombie kids and rumpled parents, all of us vying to be first in to the gas pump, first in to the cheese-covered junk food queue. The idea that I could combine the elbow room of an interstate rest area with the surprises offered up by various food trucks does get me thinking, though. I've just learned that Wyoming's rest stops are allowing food trucks, with permits. I bet I could rationalize a bit more "unessential travel" this summer. I almost wish they'd allow even more vendors to sell wares, like tie-dyed T-shirts, or giant stuffed animals, or wall hangings featuring cheetahs or cobras.
And yet. I think I'd rather just go back to the way it was. That is, sharing the roadway with families, and truckers, and guys with mattresses who don't understand physics, and making awkward attempts at eye contact with all of them. When it comes to rest areas, give me a clean, well-lit place, with a pet area, and plenty of toilet paper, where together we can rest, in peace.
Julianne Couch self-isolates in Bellevue, Iowa. She knows how fortunate she is to work from home.
States Steer More Money Toward Rural Roads
Commentary: It's Time for the Hillbilly Highway to Become a Two-Way Road
Commentary: In Rural Wisconsin, It's Time to Build for the Future
by Julianne Couch, The Daily Yonder
<h1>When Traveling Is Necessary, Will You Find a Necessary Room?</h1> <p class="byline">by Julianne Couch, The Daily Yonder <br />May 5, 2020</p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">With the Covid-19 virus shuttering most of the country, we haven't planned our annual summer road trip from Iowa to Wyoming, let alone our customary weekender jaunts and camping trips. But we do have one coming event that we once would've considered a mere errand, which now looms large. For us, an essential trip down the highway to the Quad Cities has us consulting the road map and planning ahead. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">Specifically, will the highway rest area be open, and if it is, is it safe to stop there? It's a fairly inviting rest area, as these places go, with a large shady grassed section with picnic tables and shelters for lunch breaks, and a trail for dog walking that is pleasant and safe. I always have to remind myself that most folks in the ladies' room or at the giant state map display aren't used to my small town habit of eye contact and greetings. So, I make do with mere civility and am always grateful for the opportunity to stop.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">This upcoming trip is necessary because one of my husband's photographs was selected for a regional art show at the Figge Art Museum in Davenport. The show opened earlier this spring, but shut down soon thereafter when the museum was forced to close to the public. Now the time has come to retrieve his photograph. All artists have been told to report on Memorial Day, between 4 and 7 p.m., and queue up at the loading dock, to collect their items. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">My first thought was, Memorial Day, the kickoff to summer, during rush hour? What an awful time for small town rubes like us to have to get out on the interstate, then negotiate the one-way streets and parking meters of the city. And then I thought, what holiday crowd? What rush hour? There's almost nobody working, and definitely nobody flocking into downtown Davenport. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">Now the short trip is nearly upon us. I worry, will the rest area even be open? And if it is, will it be gruesomely contaminated, coronavirus sloughing from the air vents and pooling around the sink faucets? Will travelers from New York or Chicago or the meat packing town of Waterloo pass us in the doorway, sneezing and vaporizing as we all try to keep our distance? </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">Instead of freaking out completely, I rein in my galloping anxiety. I do some research. Unlike most states, Iowa currently has few travel restrictions. Although we are discouraged from non-essential trips, we should use the "Iowa common sense" our governor optimistically credits us with. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">According to the Iowa Department of Transportation's website, all 38 interstate rest areas remain open, as of late April. However, all human-staffed welcome centers are closed. "To reduce the chance of contamination," their website explains, "staff have increased cleaning and sanitization procedures in all our facilities, with extra attention to high-touch areas." They don't explain what the baseline of cleanliness was previously, and to what degree that has been "increased." But my mother taught me how to touch nothing in a public restroom—and I do mean nothing. I feel for the people who work there every day, and realize my concerns about a 2-minute pitstop are overblown, compared to their daily exposure to this particular virus, and much else, besides.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">I feel good about our chances of getting to Davenport and back, uncontaminated and without contaminating anybody else. Then I think about my neighboring states, and about the states where in typical years millions of vacationers and truckers and families and guys carrying mattresses bungeed to the roof of pickups travel the roadways. And all the people and their dogs who, every few hours, have to stop somewhere and "rest." What is the status at highway rest areas beyond Iowa? </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">Here is a selection of how state departments of transportation are coping with the Covid crisis. For updated information on specific rest area closures, visit the Department of Transportation website for that state.</span></p> <h3><b>Nationwide</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">Several states including Massachusetts, Vermont and Pennsylvania enacted partial rest area closures due to the virus potentially affecting their workers. But truck drivers and others have pushed back, citing the essential nature of their work and the essential nature of needing to rest. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400">In early April, the Federal Highway Administration gave "mobile restaurant" operators temporary permission to set up in interstate highway rest areas. </span><span style="font-weight: 400">Now drivers in states from California to Arkansas, Indiana to | |
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the Higgs couplings from the the Standard Model
prediction together with the expected uncertainties for a two Higgs doublet
model, a model with Higgs-Radion mixing and a model incorporating
baryogenesis\cite{bghhh}. In all cases the ILC allows to separate clearly
between the Standard Model and the considered one.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{satoru_2hdm.eps}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{satoru_ed.eps}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{satoru_bg.eps}
\caption[]{Deviation of the Higgs couplings from the Standard Model together
with the expected ILC precision for a two Higgs doublet model (upper), a
model with Higgs-Radion mixing (middle) and a model incorporating
baryogenesis\cite{bghhh} (lower).}
\label{fig:sath}
\end{figure}
Further information can be obtained from loop decays of the Higgs, namely $H
\rightarrow gg$ and $H \rightarrow \gamma \gamma$. Loop decays probe the Higgs
coupling to all particles, also to those that are too heavy to be produced
directly. The Higgs-decay into gluons probes the coupling to all coloured
particles which is completely dominated by the top-quark in the Standard
Model. The one to photons is sensitive to all charged particles, dominantly
the top quark and the W-boson in the SM. The partial width $\Gamma ( H
\rightarrow gg )$ can be measured on the 5\% level from Higgs decays in $\ee$.
The photonic coupling of the Higgs can be obtained from the Higgs production
cross section at a photon collider (see
fig.~\ref{fig:ggh})\cite{hphot1,hphot2}. The loop decays of the Higgs are
sensitive to the model-parameters in many models. As an example figure
\ref{fig:hloop} shows the expected range of couplings within a little Higgs
model\cite{hlittle}.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.82\linewidth]{aura_higgs.eps}
\caption[]{$\bb$ mass spectrum in the $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow H$ analysis
after all cuts\cite{hphot1}.}
\label{fig:ggh}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=\linewidth,angle=-90]{LHdec_blob-new.eps}
\caption{Possible deviations of Higgs loop decays from the Standard Model
prediction in little Higgs models.}
\label{fig:hloop}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Heavy SUSY-Higgses}
In the relevant parameter range of the MSSM the heavy scalar, H, the
pseudoscalar, A, and the charged Higgses ${\rm H}^\pm$ are almost degenerate in
mass and the coupling ZZH vanishes or gets at least very small. At the ILC they
are thus pair-produced, either as HA or ${\rm H}^+ {\rm H}^-$ and the cross
section depends only very little on the model parameters. All states a
therefore visible basically up to the kinematic limit $m(H) < \rts/2$.
As shown in figure \ref{fig:HAreach}\cite{satoru} at least one of the heavy
states should be visible in another channel in most of the parameter
space. The additional channels serve as redundancy and can be used to
measure model parameters.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.93\linewidth,bb=14 8 295 280,clip]{heavy_higgs_ilc.eps}
\caption{Visibility of heavy SUSY Higgses at ILC ($\rts = 1 \TeV$).}
\label{fig:HAreach}
\end{figure}
In addition to the direct searches the precision branching ratio measurements
of the light Higgs can give indications of the H and A mass. Figure
\ref{fig:MAind} shows the ratio of branching ratios
$BR(h \rightarrow \bb)/BR(h \rightarrow WW)$ of the MSSM relative to the
Standard Model as a function of $\MH$\cite{Desch:2004cu}. The width of the
band gives the uncertainty from the measurement of the MSSM parameters. Up to A
masses of a few hundred GeV one can get a good indication of $\MA$.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth,bb=19 23 562 463, clip]{A_BR.eps}
\caption{$BR(h \rightarrow \bb)/BR(h \rightarrow WW)$ MSSM/SM within the
SPS1a scenario as a function of $\MA$.}
\label{fig:MAind}
\end{figure}
Another possibility to find the heavy SUSY Higgses is the photon collider.
Since Higgses are produced in the s-channel the maximum reach is twice the
beam energy corresponding to $0.8 \rts_{ee}$. Figure \ref{fig:ggHA} shows the
expected sensitivity in one year of running for $\MA = 350 \GeV$, $\rts_{ee} =
500 \GeV$ and different SUSY parameters\cite{ggHA}. In general H and A are
clearly visible, however due to the loop coupling of the $\gamma$ to the Higgs
the sensitivity becomes model dependent.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth,bb= 1 13 519 516]{piotr_heavy_h.eps}
\caption{Sensitivity of the $\gamma \gamma$ collider to heavy MSSM Higgses.
($\MA = 350 \GeV$, $\rts_{ee} = 500 \GeV$, $M_2 = 200 \GeV$,
$M_{\tilde{f}} = 1000 \GeV$)}
\label{fig:ggHA}
\end{figure}
\section{Supersymmetry and Dark Matter}
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the best motivated extension of the Standard Model.
Up to now all data are consistent with SUSY, however also with the pure
Standard Model. Contrary to the SM, SUSY allows the unification of couplings
at the GUT scale and, if R-parity is conserved, SUSY offers a perfect dark
matter candidate. If some superpartners are visible at the ILC they will be
discovered by the LHC in most part of the parameter space. However many tasks
are left for the ILC in this case. First the ILC has to confirm that the
discovered new states are really superpartners of the Standard Model
particles. Then it has to measure as many of the $>100$ free parameters as
possible in a model independent way which allows to check if grand unification
works and to get an idea by which mechanism Supersymmetry is broken. If
Supersymmetric particles are a source of dark matter the ILC has to measure
their properties.
Within the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA) the parameter space can be
strongly restricted requiring that the abundance of the lightest neutralino,
which is stable in this model, is consistent with the dark matter density
measured by WMAP. Figure \ref{fig:dmmsugra} shows the allowed region in a
pictorial way\cite{alpgdm}. In the so called ``bulk region'' all superpartners
are light and many are visible at the LHC and the ILC. In the ``coannihilation
region'' the mass difference between the lightest neutralino,
$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$, and the lighter stau, $\tilde{\tau}_1$, is very small so
that the $\tilde{\tau}_1$-decay particles that are visible by the detector have
only a very small momentum. In the ``focus point region'' the
$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ gets a significant Higgsino component enhancing its
annihilation cross section. This leads to relatively heavy scalars, probably
invisible at the ILC and the LHC. Other regions, like the ``rapid annihilation
funnel'' are characterised by special resonance conditions, like $2
m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1) \approx \MA$, increasing the annihilation rate. All these
special regions tend to be challenging for both machines.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth,bb=19 37 592 593,clip]{cosmology_region.eps}
\caption{Dark matter allowed regions of mSUGRA.}
\label{fig:dmmsugra}
\end{figure}
After new states consistent with SUSY have been discovered at the LHC, the ILC
can check, if it is really Supersymmetry. As an example
fig.~\ref{fig:kksthresh} shows the threshold behaviour of smuon production and
the production of Kaluza Klein excitations of the muon\cite{pesvic}. There is
no problem for the ILC to distinguish the two possibilities. Figure
\ref{fig:scoup} shows the expected precision of the measurement of the SU(2)
and U(1) coupling of the selectron\cite{ayrescoup}. The agreement with the
couplings of the electron can be tested to the percent to per mille level.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth,bb=40 53 552 405,clip]{kk_thresh.eps}
\caption{Threshold behaviour of smuon production and the production of
Kaluza Klein excitations of the muon.}
\label{fig:kksthresh}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth,bb=25 2 300 270]{susy_coup.eps}
\caption{Measurement of the SU(2) and U(1) coupling of the selectron at the
ILC.}
\label{fig:scoup}
\end{figure}
\subsection{SUSY in the bulk region}
An often studied benchmark point in the bulk region is the SPS1a
scenario\cite{sps}. In this scenario all sleptons, neutralinos and charginos
are visible at ILC and and in addition squarks and gluinos at the LHC. The
LHC can measure mass differences pretty accurately, but has difficulties to
measure absolute masses. The ILC, however can measure absolute masses with
good precision, including the one of the $\tilde{\chi}^0_1$. Table
\ref{tab:susy} shows the expected precision for the mass measurements for the
LHC and ILC alone and for the combination\cite{lclhc}. In many cases the
combination is significantly better than the LHC or even the ILC alone.
As an example figure \ref{fig:lhcmqmc} shows the correlation between the
squark mass and the $\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ mass from LHC together with
$m(\tilde{\chi}^0_1)$ from ILC\cite{lclhc}. The improvement in
$m(\tilde{q})$ is evident.
\begin{table*}[htb]
\begin{tabular}{|l|cccc||l|cccc|}
\hline
& $m_{\rm SPS1a}$ & LHC & ILC & LHC+ILC &
& $m_{\rm SPS1a}$ & LHC & ILC & LHC+ILC\\
\hline
\hline
$h$ & 111.6 & 0.25 & 0.05 & 0.05 &
$H$ & 399.6 & & 1.5 & 1.5 \\
$A$ & 399.1 & & 1.5 & 1.5 &
$H+$ & 407.1 & & 1.5 & 1.5 \\
\hline
$\chi_1^0$ & 97.03 & 4.8 & 0.05 & 0.05 &
$\chi_2^0$ & 182.9 & 4.7 & 1.2 & 0.08 \\
$\chi_3^0$ & 349.2 & & 4.0 & 4.0 &
$\chi_4^0$ & 370.3 & 5.1 & 4.0 & 2.3 \\
$\chi^\pm_1$ & 182.3 & & 0.55 & 0.55 &
$\chi^\pm_2$ & 370.6 & & 3.0 & 3.0 \\
\hline
$\tilde{g}$ & 615.7 & 8.0 & & 6.5 & & & & & \\
\hline
$\tilde{t}_1$ & 411.8 & & 2.0 & 2.0 & & & & & \\
$\tilde{b}_1$ & 520.8 & 7.5 & & 5.7 &
$\tilde{b}_2$ | |
and gentlemanly," said Carey
wistfully.
"I think I may say that for them," returned their master. "They are not
bad boys as boys go. There is as much honour and kindliness among them
as you would find anywhere. Besides, to boys like yours this would be
only a preparatory school. They are sure to fly off to scholarships."
"I don't know," said Carey. "I want them to be where physical science is
an object. Or do you think that thorough classical training is a better
preparation than taking up any individual line?"
"I believe it is easier to learn how to learn through languages than
through anything else."
"And to be taught how to learn is a much greater thing than to be
crammed," said Carey. "Of course when one begins to teach oneself,
the world has become "mine oyster," and one has the dagger. The point
becomes how to sharpen the dagger."
At that moment three or four young people rushed in with arms full of
books, and announcing that the uncle and aunt were coming. The next
moment they appeared, and stood amazed at the accession of volunteer
auxiliaries. Mr. Ogilvie introduced his sister, while Caroline explained
that she was an old friend,--meanwhile putting up a hand to feel for her
cap, as she detected in Ellen's eyes those words, "Caroline, your cap."
"We came to see how you were getting on," said the Colonel, kindly.
"Thank you, we are getting on capitally. And oh, Robert, Mr. Ogilvie
will tell you; he thinks Armine too--too--I mean he thinks he had better
not go into school yet," she added, thankful that she had not said "too
clever for the school."
The Colonel turned aside with the master to discuss the matter, and the
ladies went into the drawing-room, the new room opening on the lawn,
under a verandah, with French windows. It was full of furniture in the
most dire confusion. Mrs. Robert Brownlow wanted to clear off at once
the desks and other things that seemed school-room properties, saying
that a little room downstairs had always served the purpose.
"That must be nurse's sitting-room," said Carey.
"Old nurse! She can be of no use, my dear!"
"Oh yes, she is; she has lived with us ever since dear grandmamma
married, and has no home, and no relations. We could not get on without
dear old nursey!"
"Well, my dear, I hope you will find it answer to keep her on. But as
to this room! It is such a pity not to keep it nice, when you have such
handsome furniture too."
"I want to keep it nice with habitation," said Caroline. "That's the
only way to do it. I can't bear fusty, shut-up smart rooms, and I think
the family room ought to be the pleasantest and prettiest in the house
for the children's sake."
"Ah, well," said Mrs. Brownlow, with a serene good nature, contrasting
with the heat with which Caroline spoke, "it is your affair, my dear,
but my boys would not thank me for shutting them in with my pretty
things, and I should be sorry to have them there. Healthy country boys
like to have their fun, and I would not coop them up."
"Oh, but there's the studio to run riot in, Ellen," said Carey. "Didn't
you see? The upper story of the tower. We have put the boy's tools
there, and I can do my modelling there, and make messes and all that's
nice," she said, smiling to Mary, and to Allen, who had just come in.
"Do you model, Carey?" Mary asked, and Allen volunteered to show his
mother's groups and bas-reliefs, thereby much increasing the litter
on the floor, and delighting Mary a good deal more than his aunt, who
asked, "What will you do for a store-room then?"
"Put up a few cupboards and shelves anywhere."
It is not easy to describe the sort of air with which Mrs. Robert
Brownlow received this answer. She said nothing but "Oh," and
was perfectly unruffled in a sort of sublime contempt, as to the
hopelessness of doing anything with such a being on her own ground.
There did not seem overt provocation, but poor Caroline, used to petting
and approval, chafed and reasoned: "I don't think anything so important
as a happy home for the boys, where they can have their pursuits, and
enjoy themselves."
Mrs. Brownlow seemed to think this totally irrelevant, and observed,
"When I have nice things, I like to keep them nice."
"I like nice boys better than nice things," cried Carey.
Ellen smiled as though to say she hoped she was not an unnatural mother,
and again said "Oh!"
Mary Ogilvie was very glad to see the two gentlemen come in from the
hall, the Colonel saying, "Mr. Ogilvie tells me he thinks Armine too
small at present for school, Caroline."
"You know I am very glad of it, Robert," she said, smiling gratefully,
and Ellen compassionately observed, "Poor little fellow, he is very
small, but country air and food will soon make a man of him if he is not
overdone with books. I make it a point never to force my children."
"No, that you don't," said Caroline, with a dangerous smile about the
corners of her mouth.
"And my boys do quite as well as if they had their heads stuffed and
their growth stunted," said Ellen. "Joe is only two months older than
Armine, and you are quite satisfied with him, are you not, Mr. Ogilvie?"
"He is more on a level with the others," said Mr. Ogilvie politely; "but
I wish they were all as forward as this little fellow."
"Schoolmasters and mammas don't always agree on those points," said the
Colonel good-humouredly.
"Very true," responded his wife. "I never was one for teasing the poor
boys with study and all that. I had rather see them strong and well
grown. They'll have quite worry enough when they go to school."
"I'm sorry you look at me in that aspect," said Mr. Ogilvie.
"Oh, I know you can't help it," said the lady.
"Any more than Trois Echelles and Petit Andre," said Carey, in a low
voice, giving the two Ogilvies the strongest desire to laugh.
Just then out burst a cry of wrath and consternation, making everyone
hurry out into the hall, where, through a perfect cloud of white powder,
loomed certain figures, and a scandalised voice cried "Aunt Caroline,
Jock and Armine have been and let all the arrowroot fly about."
"You told me to be useful and open parcels," cried Jock.
"Oh, jolly, jolly! first-rate!" shouted Armine in ecstasy. "It's just
like Paris in the cloud! More, more, Babie. You are Venus, you know."
"Master Armine, Miss Barbara! For shame," exclaimed the nurse's voice.
"All getting into the carpet, and in your clothes, I do declare! A whole
case of best arrowroot wasted, and worse."
"'Twas Jessie's doing," replied Jock. "She told me."
Jessie, decidedly the most like Venus of the party, being a very pretty
girl, with an oval face and brown eyes, had retreated, and was with
infinite disgust brushing the white powder out of her dress, only in
answer ejaculating, "Those boys!"
Jock had not only opened the case, but had opened it upside down, and
the classical performances of Armine and Barbara had powdered themselves
and everything around, while the draught that was rushing through all
the wide open doors and windows dispersed the mischief far and wide.
"Can you do nothing but laugh, Caroline?" gravely said Mrs. Brownlow.
"Janet, shut that window. Children, out of the way! If you were mine, I
should send you to bed."
"There's no bed to be sent to," muttered Jock, running round to give a
sly puff to the white heap, diffusing a sprinkling of white powder over
his aunt's dress.
"Jock," said his mother with real firmness and indignation in her voice,
"that is not the way to behave. Beg your aunt's pardon this instant."
And to everyone's surprise the imp obeyed the hand she had laid on
him, and muttered something like, "beg pardon," though it made his face
crimson.
His uncle exclaimed, "That's right, my boy," and his aunt said, with
dignity, "Very well, we'll say no more about it."
Mary Ogilvie was in the meantime getting some of the powder back into
the tin, and Janet running in from | |
indeed was the evening that it was late when we gave
ourselves up to the oblivion of slumber, beneath the cool and starry
sky. We made a fire against a log about eighteen inches thick; this
was a limb from an adjacent blood-wood or red gum-tree, and this
morning we discovered that it had been chopped off its parent stem
either with an axe or tomahawk, and carried some forty or fifty yards
from where it had originally fallen. This seemed very strange; in the
first place for natives, so far out from civilisation as this, to have
axes or tomahawks; and in the second place, to chop logs or boughs off
a tree was totally against their practice. By sunrise we were upon the
summit of the mountain; it consisted of enormous blocks and boulders
of red granite, so riven and fissured that no water could possibly
lodge upon it for an instant. I found it also to be highly magnetic,
there being a great deal of ironstone about the rocks. It turned the
compass needle from its true north point to 10 degrees south of west,
but the attraction ceased when the compass was removed four feet from
contact with the rocks. The view from this mount was of singular and
almost awful beauty. The mount, and all the others connected with it,
rose simply like islands out of a vast ocean of scrub. The beauty of
the locality lay entirely within itself. Innumerable red ridges
ornamented with fig-trees, rising out of green and grassy <DW72>s, met
the eye everywhere to the east, north, and northeast, and the country
between each was just sufficiently timbered to add a charm to the
view. But the appearance of water still was wanting; no signs of it,
or of any basin or hollow that could hold it, met the gaze in any
direction, This alone was wanting to turn a wilderness into a garden.
There were four large mounts in this chain, higher than any of the
rest, including the one I was on. Here we saw a quantity of what I at
first thought were white sea-shells, but we found they were the
bleached shells of land snails. Far away to the north some ranges
appeared above the dense ocean of intervening scrubs. To the south,
scrubs reigned supreme; but to the west, the region for which I was
bound, the prospect looked far more cheering. The far horizon, there,
was bounded by a very long and apparently connected chain of
considerable elevation, seventy to eighty miles away. One conspicuous
mountain, evidently nearer than the longer chain, bore 15 degrees to
the south of west, while an apparent gap or notch in the more distant
line bore 23 degrees south of west. The intervening country appeared
all flat, and very much more open than in any other direction; I could
discern long vistas of green grass, dotted with yellow immortelles,
but as the perspective declined, these all became lost in lightly
timbered country. These grassy glades were fair to see, reminding one
somewhat of Merrie England's glades and Sherwood forests green, where
errant knight in olden days rode forth in mailed sheen; and memory
oft, the golden rover, recalls the tales of old romance, how ladie
bright unto her lover, some young knight, smitten with her glance,
would point out some heroic labour, some unheard-of deed of fame; he
must carve out with his sabre, and ennoble thus his name. He, a giant
must defeat sure, he must free the land from tain, he must kill some
monstrous creature, or return not till 'twas slain. Then she'd smile
on him victorious, call him the bravest in the land, fame and her, to
win, how glorious--win and keep her heart and hand!
Although no water was found here, what it pleases me to call my mind
was immediately made up. I would return at once to the camp, where
water was so scarce, and trust all to the newly discovered chain to
the west. Water must surely exist there, we had but to reach it. I
named these mounts Ayers Range. Upon returning to our camp, six or
seven miles off, I saw that a mere dribble of water remained in the
tank. Gibson was away after the horses, and when he brought them, he
informed me he had found another place, with some water lying on the
rocks, and two native wells close by with water in them, much
shallower than our present one, and that they were about three miles
away. I rode off with him to inspect his new discovery, and saw there
was sufficient surface water for our horses for a day or two.
These rocks are most singular, being mostly huge red, rounded solid
blocks of stone, shaped like the backs of enormous turtles. I was much
pleased with Gibson's discovery, and we moved the camp down to this
spot, which we always after called the Turtle Back. The grass and
herbage were excellent, but the horses had not had sufficient water
since we arrived here. It is wonderful how in such a rocky region so
little water appears to exist. The surface water was rather difficult
for the horses to reach, as it lay upon the extreme summit of the
rock, the sides of which were very steep and slippery. There were
plenty of small birds; hawks and crows, a species of cockatoo, some
pigeons, and eagles soaring high above. More seeds were planted here,
the soil being very good. Upon the opposite or eastern side of this
rock was a large ledge or cave, under which the Troglodytes of these
realms had frequently encamped. It was ornamented with many of their
rude representations of creeping things, amongst which the serpent
class predominated; there were also other hideous shapes, of things
such as can exist only in their imaginations, and they are but the
weak endeavours of these benighted beings to give form and semblance
to the symbolisms of the dread superstitions, that, haunting the
vacant chambers of their darkened minds, pass amongst them in the
place of either philosophy or religion.
Next morning, watering all our horses, and having a fine open-air bath
on the top of the Turtle Back, Mr. Tietkens and I got three of them
and again started for Ayers Range, nearly west. Reaching it, we
travelled upon the bearing of the gap which we had seen in the most
distant range. The country as we proceeded we found splendidly open,
beautifully grassed, and it rose occasionally into some low ridges. At
fifteen miles from the Turtle Back we found some clay-pans with water,
where we turned out our horses for an hour. A mob of emus came to
inspect us, and Mr. Tietkens shot one in a fleshy part of the neck,
which rather helped it to run away at full speed instead of detaining,
so that we might capture it. Next some parallel ridges lying north and
south were crossed, where some beefwood, or Grevillea trees,
ornamented the scene, the country again opening into beautiful grassy
lawns. One or two creek channels were crossed, and a larger one
farther on, whose timber indeed would scarcely reach our course; as it
would not come to us, we went to it. The gum-timber upon it was thick
and vigorous--it came from the north-westward. A quantity of the so
called tea-tree [Melaleuca] grew here. In two miles up the channel we
found where a low ridge crossed and formed a kind of low pass. An old
native well existed here, which, upon cleaning out with a quart pot,
disclosed the element of our search to our view at a depth of nearly
five feet. The natives always make these wells of such an abominable
shape, that of a funnel, never thinking how awkward they must be to
white men with horses--some people are so unfeeling! It took us a long
time to water our three horses. There was a quantity of the little
purple vetch here, of which all animals are so fond, and which is so
fattening. There was plenty of this herb at the Turtle Back, and
wherever it grows it gives the country a lovely carnation tinge; this,
blending with the bright green of the grass, and the yellow and other
tinted hues | |
objectives and philosophies certainly differ."
"Confusing times, General."
"Not for me, soldier."
"Nor for General Hoffman, sir. I assure you of that. You both have very firm beliefs and will both go to the grave believing you are right."
"How is your pain?"
"Gone. I thank you for that. How many of my group survived the attack?"
"Not many."
"You will shoot them?"
"No. We'll take them back for interrogation."
"Then you will shoot them?"
"No. They'll be kept alive and treated well."
The soldier frowned. "Then we have been lied to about how you treat prisoners. We were told that you did not take prisoners."
"We don't take many. Or we try not to. But we're not savages all the time."
"Is the sky becoming dark, General?"
The sky was bright and blue and clear. "Yes," Ben lied.
The black-shirt did not reply. Ben looked back at him and the man was dead. Ben took the cigarette from his lips and ground it out under a bootheel. He stood up.
"Everybody ready to roll?"
"All set, Father," Buddy said. "Where to?"
"To a secure airport so we can get planes in for our wounded."
"What about us, General?" a wounded black-shirt called.
Ben looked at him. "We're not going to shoot you, soldier. Be thankful for that. So don't press your luck."
The black-shirt cussed him in a language that Ben was not familiar with, but could tell the words were not complimentary. "Mount up," Ben said. "Before I change my mind."
Thirteen
The Rebels pulled out and took a southwesterly route, heading toward a small town near the border that reportedly had a landing strip large enough to handle twin-engine cargo planes. In addition to the Rebel wounded, the Rebels brought along two officers and four sergeants of the NAL. They brought no NAL wounded with them.
They made the one-hundred-mile run in good time and encountered no hostiles. But scouts kept a wary eye on their backtrail, knowing the force of American turncoats was more than likely following them, waiting for a chance to strike.
Intercepting the radio messages, Striganov sent teams from his command racing up across the border, and the small airport was clean and the planes waiting by the time Ben and his unit arrived. The Rebel wounded and black-shirt prisoners were airlifted over to Base Camp One in Louisiana.
"That force just behind us has got to be dealt with," Ben told the Russian's men. "Sooner or later, and it might as well be sooner. As soon as we are resupplied, we're heading back."
Soldiers will gossip among themselves, and it wasn't long before all of Ben's batt comms were on the horn, raising hell with Ben for leading the reckless charge into the streets of the tiny town on the edge of the national forest.
"And you got the nerve to jump on my ass for being aggressive," Ike fussed at him from his position in New Mexico.
"Very foolhardy, General," Colonel Gray radioed. "Your place is back at HQ, not racing willy-nilly about the countryside endangering yourself."
"You know better, Ben," Colonel West admonished him. "Too many people are depending upon you for you to place yourself in that much danger."
And so on and so forth from all his senior batt comms.
Ben listened, acknowledged the transmissions, then promptly forgot all about them. The only way he was ever going to leave the field was in a body bag. His batt comms knew that; they just wanted to press home the point occasionally.
Before dawn the next morning, Ben and his teams were on the road, freshly supplied, rested, and well-fed, chasing after the turncoat force of Americans north of them.
South of the no-man's-land in extreme southern Mexico, Hoffman listened in dismay and disgust as Ramon read him the latest reports from North America.
Hoffman finally lifted a hand and said, "Enough! I've heard enough. Thank you, Ramon. That will be all. Keep me informed, please." When the aide had left the room and closed the door, Hoffman turned to several of his field commanders and said, "We will radio our people in the midwest to stay low and not to engage the Rebels unless forced to do so. My God, people, think of it. We had six battalions in Texas and Oklahoma. We now have approximately two thousand personnel left in those areas."
"That is not taking into account the American groups who had come over to us," a field commander pointed out.
"Well, so far, they haven't shown themselves to be any better against the Rebels than our own highly trained and motivated troops," Hoffman replied. "The commanding general of the Rebel army, charging out into the streets with his troops and all of them fighting like a pack of common hooligans. I've never heard of such a thing. The man must be losing his mind."
"If he is," a field commander said dryly, "I, personally, would like to be infected with the same disease."
"What manner of man is this?" another asked. "To kneel in the bloody streets and chat with one of our dying soldiers; lighting a cigarette for him. Ben Raines is a complex man."
"I wonder if we are not like the dog, chasing its tail," Hoffman mused aloud.
"What do you mean, Field Marshal Hoffman?"
Some of the older officers insisted on calling Herr Hoffman by that title.
Hoffman shook his head. "It's just a germ of an idea, General Cortez. But it may be a good one."
"If you thought of it," another field commander verbally stroked the field marshal, "of course it will be a good one."
That pleased Hoffman and he sat down, smoothing his hair with one hand. Hoffman was very vain about his looks. "I will think about it and let you all know when I reach my decision. If we could pull it off . . ." He let that trail into silence. "It could mean instant victory for us. Yes. It certainly could."
"Thermopolis says Hoffman is up to something," Corrie said, after receiving a message from HQ. "Everything is too quiet south of the zone."
"Is that the opinion of our intelligence people or Therm's own opinion?"
"Therm's opinion."
"Then there might be something to it," Ben said with a smile. Sometimes G2 got a little weird in their thinking.
"Therm thinks the NAL may try to make a grab for you, General."
Ben was silent for a mile or so. "I wonder where, why, and how he came up with that?"
"I don't know. He didn't say. He did say he was going to share those thoughts with the other batt comms."
"Oh, that's wonderful," Ben said. "Ike will probably insist upon me being surrounded by several battalions. In a castle with a moat."
Ben and his Rebels had inspected the now-deserted camp of those turncoats in the national forest. They were long gone, but there was no question about it, the men were professional soldiers and woodsmen. They left no trace of themselves behind.
"Nothing, General," a scout reported to him. "It rained here last night and wiped out any tracks that might have given us a clue."
Ben leaned against his Hummer for a moment. There was no point in going off in a blind search. That was a good way to get killed. He needed to talk to Therm and find out more about Thermopolis's theory, or hunch, that a snatch attempt might be made.
"All right," Ben said to the scout. "We'll head over toward McAlester. The route will be 1 and 63. Take off."
"Right, sir. Give us a thirty-minute head start."
"Will do."
At a tiny hamlet about fifteen miles outside McAlester, they saw an elderly man mowing his lawn with an old push mower, and Ben halted the short convoy and walked over to the picket fence. The man stopped his mowing and walked to the fence. Ben noticed the man was wearing a pistol. And | |
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2022 CLE Speakers & Agenda
Click the drop downs to view the agenda & speaker info.
Speakers with a (V) behind their name will be presenting via live webcast. All others will be presenting in person at the physical location.
Tuesday, October 4th
9:00-10:00 AM: Jonathan Martin – Immigration Law (A Primer in Asylum Law)
10:00-11:00 AM: Kandice Bell (V) – Diversity & Inclusion: Examining the Lawyer's Responsibility for Advancing Justice and the Rule of Law
11:00-11:10 AM: Break
11:10-12:10 PM: Stark Ligon – Introduction to the Court's New Office of Ethics Counsel
12:10-1:10 PM: Lunch
1:15-2:15 PM: Jenna Adams – Qualified Immunity
2:15-3:15 PM: Judge Herbert T. Wright, Jr. – 30 Tips in 60 Minutes from the Judge
3:15-3:30 PM: Break
3:30-4:30 PM: Tabitha Lee (V) – Criminal Record Sealing
Wednesday, October 5th
9:00-10:00 AM: Keith Morrison (V) – Discovery
10:00-11:00 AM: Robbie Wilson – Real Estate & Title Law
11:10-12:10 PM: Meredith Moore – Trauma-Informed Lawyering
1:15-2:15 PM: Judge Tjuana Byrd Manning – Juvenile Disposition: What Do We Do with These Kids?
2:15-3:15 PM: Cliff McKinney – Top 10 Mistakes that Non-Real Estate Lawyers Make When They Try Dabbling in Real Estate Law
3:30-4:30 PM: Deanna Ray – Ethics
Click here to return to the CLE registration page
Jenna Adams
Originally from Terre Haute, Indiana, Jenna holds two Bachelor of Arts degrees from Arkansas State University in Political Science and Spanish. She also has a Master of Arts degree from Arkansas State University in Political Science. She graduated cum laude with her Juris Doctorate from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law in May 2014. Jenna is admitted to practice law in the State of Arkansas, the U.S. District Court the Eastern and Western Districts of Arkansas, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the Supreme Court of the United States.
Jenna has been with the Arkansas Municipal League as Litigation Counsel since January 2016. Her practice consists of defending Arkansas cities in civil lawsuits on issues of Constitutional Law, Employment Law, and Municipal Law. Jenna's favorite area of practice though is defending police officers on Section 1983 claims and doing oral arguments at the Eighth Circuit.
Jenna presents and teaches on a variety of topics, including the Fourth Amendment, Fourteenth Amendment privacy issues, Qualified Immunity, Avoiding Lawsuits for Municipalities, the Arkansas Freedom of Information Act, the Arkansas Whistleblower Act, and the Use of Force.
Jenna currently lives in Sherwood, Arkansas with her husband, Cody, 4-year-old son, Jackson, and 1 ½ -year old daughter, Emma.
Kandice Bell
Kandice Bell is a graduate of the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville. Bell earned a Bachelor's degree in political science in 1994 and earned her Juris Doctor from the School of Law in 1997. She currently serves as the Governor's senior counselor and district representative to Southeast Arkansas.
While she has a background in the private practice of law, she has also devoted herself to public service in a variety of roles. Bell has been a legal aid attorney, an assistant city attorney, a special judge in district and circuit courts, and a special associate justice to the Arkansas Supreme Court. In her current role in the executive branch of government, she has worked on projects such as helping to preserve the housing of low-income Arkansans during the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in the formation of a state housing program, advising the Governor on the impact of multiple policy initiatives, legislation, and legal questions. Reappointed chair of the Arkansas Bar Commission on Diversity and Inclusion, she has accepted invitations to give presentations on public policy to K-12 public school teachers, President's Leadership Class at Southeast Arkansas College, State agency interns, and the Arkansas Bar Association.
Bell is the former two-time elected president of the Pine Bluff Newcomer's Club in 2014-2016; the 2016 recipient of the J. Thomas May Scholarship to Leadership Pine Bluff, and a past volunteer to the Pine Bluff Community Theater. She is a three-time recipient of the President's Golden Gavel award from the Arkansas Bar Association, a former board member to the Pine Bluff Salvation Army, and past president of the auxiliary. She serves on the advisory board to the Children's Advocacy Centers of Arkansas and the board of directors to the Arkansas Community Foundation.
While Kandice Bell supports and champions diversity and inclusion within the legal profession, she feels as if she has always been conscious of serving her clients and constituents with these principles in mind. She has enjoyed speaking to audiences of young people and adults, mentoring law students and young attorneys, and even trying her hand at judging a high school mock trial competition. Bell is the recipient of the Arkansas Access to Justice Commission and Boards' Pro Bono Attorney in Public Service and the University of Arkansas School of Law and Law Alumni Society's Inaugural Public Service Award.
Judge Tjuana Byrd Manning
Judge Tjuana C. Byrd Manning has spent her adult life in public service. She is passionate about children, women and girls, the elderly and healthy living. Byrd Manning chairs the Racial Justice Taskforce on assignment of the Arkansas Supreme Court's Commission on Children, Youth and Families. Byrd Manning is also a member of the Arkansas Commission on Juvenile Justice and a member of the Arkansas Continuing Legal Education Board.
Byrd is serving in her second year as Pulaski County Circuit Judge Division 8. Byrd was previously in private practice in North Little Rock where her primary focus was juvenile matters. She served as an Assistant City Attorney for North Little Rock (handling HR and truancy matters), the Sherwood Public Defender, and an attorney ad litem representing children in foster care.
She is a life member of the NAACP, and is actively involved in the North Little Rock Chapter and a life member of the UA Little Rock Alumni Association. An active member of St. Mark Baptist Church, she serves as a large group leader/storyteller in children's church and a Director for the Watson Primary Ensemble choir for children ages 3-11. In addition to the community and church activities in which she is involved, she enjoys travel, exercise and fitness, outdoor activities, and attending and watching sports events.
A graduate of Lonoke High School, Byrd received a degree in Criminal Justice from the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville, and a Juris Doctorate degree from the UALR School of Law in 1996.
She is recently married to the love of her life, Michael Manning and gained two sons, twins Owen and Nicholas, who have also truly captured her heart.
Tabitha Lee
Graduate 2003, Arkansas School for Mathematics, Sciences, and the Arts
B.S. 2009, University of Arkansas
J.D., 2013 University of Arkansas at Little Rock School of Law
M.P.S., 2014 University of Arkansas Clinton School of Public Service
Tabitha B. Lee was born and raised in Dermott, Arkansas. She currently leads the Delta Justice Center, a law firm dedicated to providing high quality legal assistance to historically underrepresented communities. She also provides funding consulting and proposal drafting services to non-profits and other social impact organizations serving the community. Ms. Lee has previously served as a judicial clerk in the sixth judicial district of Arkansas and as a Special Projects Attorney at the Center for Arkansas Legal Services working in the areas of criminal record sealing and veteran's benefits.
Ms. Lee is the Chair of the Scholarship Committee for the Arkansas Access to Justice Foundation, a proud member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. and a Silver Life Member of the NAACP. In 2020, she was recognized by Arkansas Access to Justice with the Outstanding Pro Bono Service Award as a Small/Solo Firm. She lives in Monticello with her partner, Quincey, and their two children, Cynthia and Quincey II.
Stark Ligon
Stark Ligon became the first Ethics Counsel for the Arkansas Supreme Court on April 1, 2021, after serving as Chief Disciplinary Counsel and Executive Director of the Arkansas Supreme Court Office of Professional | |
and told them he will be as big as Elvis one day (They loved listening to the old Classics). Ryder graduated High School early for his age (He was actually a huge nerd) and eventually left home to find a career in the music field.
He fell in love with a girl and moved in with her. He spent almost all the money he had to get a guitar and begin practicing his songs. When he got the courage to tell the girl he was a Special, she seemed to smile and accept him. She leads Ryder on, using him for money and telling him to use his powers to get more money and steal things. One day, when Ryder refused to use his powers for bad, the girl snapped and broke his guitar on his body, leaving a scar on his face right above his nose. She began to mess the place up and inflict wounds on herself before calling the police saying that she was being assaulted by a Special. When the police arrived, they believed the girl over Ryder because her 'wounds' were done only by a Special. Ryder was shortly arrested and eventually taken to the Rehab in Nowhere, Kansas.
Weakness: Physical attacks that hit him directly will cancel his illusions.
Appearance: ( Will provide Drawing in due time) 6'3, Dark-skinned, and very short hair. He doesn't wear a shirt and has several white traditional tattoos over his arms, chest, and back. He wears a couple traditional necklaces from his home, his favorite one being the necklace with the fangs and claws of a leopard. He has red pants that just barely go over his knees. He has a yellow piece of fabric that ties around his waist that looks to be burned on some parts. His legs also have similar white markings. He wears red high-top shoes.
Personality: Zane is numb and emotionless to almost everyone around him. He is very quiet, intelligent, sadistic, and persistent. However, he isn't outright cruel or cold-blooded because all he seeks are answers to the confines of one's mind. His methods of finding answers usually cause more harm than good and are unethical, most of the times resulting in someone losing their mind, comatose, or death. He believes that fear and pain is what makes all living things stronger and, at the same time, hold them back. His ultimate goal is to have the world engulfed in his illusion powers so that those who are strong enough and smart enough to get past their fears and distinguish reality from illusion are the only ones worthy of being alive.
Zane was born and raised in Kenya. He was the fourth born of seven children. He lived within a tribe that practiced hunting and hard work. He, along with his siblings, heard many stories from his father, telling of a day when this tribe will have birthed the 'Omen Child.' The Omen Child will deceive the eyes and minds of those around him using a force that mortals will not be able to understand. As Zane grew older, he noticed that he had powers and the village began treating him differently. He used his powers on his father as a joke, but since then, everything changed.
One day, Zane's father hired someone to kill him because he was the 'Omen Child' he spoke of. Zane barely escaped with his life and fought back by trapping the killer in an illusion and forcing him to kill himself. His father sent more and more killers after his son, none able to kill him. Zane begged his father to stop but he refused, killing his siblings, tribe, then himself. His father said the rumors were true and the visions he had foretold him that Zane was the cause of this pain. The last words before death were: "I was scared of you... therefore I had to kill you to free myself of this horror."
Zane left Kenya after 15 years and went to America where he studied hard and became a brilliant man. He earned several degrees and earned the title of Dr. Zane Issa. When he began to use his powers to exploit the pain and fears of innocent people, perform unethical experiments, and kill those 'not worthy', his license was revoked. Eventually, word spread of his powers and he went into hiding, performing experiments in the dark and discovering new things about fears and pain. Thanks to his constant exposure, he is not scared of anything and numb to all pain, almost lifeless.
Weakness: her stamina becomes the equivalent of whatever animal she chooses to shift into and has seen the animal before well enough to mimic it. Fantasy or mythological beasts cannot be mimicked. Invertebrates not applicable.
Appearance: Initially arrived to the center with long greyish-black hair that was evident it was well-maintained, but almost immediately, she chopped it all off to sit above the shoulders. She came with nothing but the designer clothes on her back, but lately it's switched to tank tops and shorts or baggy pants. Her eyes are gray.
Personality: Chaotic neutral-- she follows her own moral code above all else. She is good at faking her emotions and uses this to her advantage in all kinds of situations. Her real self is bitter, cynical, with a jaded outlook on life although this began with the less savory aspects of the industry she worked in. Despite this, she's still got a heart of gold... somewhere. She speaks with a blunt and crass demeanor that betrays any nicer impression you would normally get from her.
Celeste was a model that appeared in many alternative fashion magazines (all of which are found in trash cans and landfills following the wave of controversy that came out when it was discovered she was a Special) and even managed to land a few roles in some movies. The most recent one she filmed for was in theaters for a few days before she was bombarded with paparazzi in public who had been hounding her constantly since she started gaining popularity; unable to escape them, Celeste wished so badly to hide from them but couldn't do it on foot since she wasn't built for it. Suddenly she found herself nimbly dodging the people and into a place free of them, but realized she got away so quickly because she accidentally transformed into a coyote to run away. For several hours, she wasn't able to change back, instead shifting to different ones because she couldn't control it due to her panic. The entire fiasco ended with any movies she appeared in being pulled from theatres, magazines with her photo shoots thrown out en masse, and open scorn from people involved with pop culture. Although she was a pretty girl, she didn't exactly have a power that was considered attractive to match. She's only been in the Rehab Center for about two months but she would have been there much earlier if it weren't for the time it took for everything to slowly sever ties with her.
Weakness: Fire or heat sources. Moisture in the air must be present. Otherwise, she must use the water in her body.
Appearance: 5'3". White hair and dark brown (almost black) eyes. She has tanned skin and short messy hair (with uneven bangs) that ends above the base of her skull and two locks of hair that stay longer at the front. She also wears a blue apron-dress and white kneesocks, but these are obscured by the gray winter coat she wears that ends about halfway above the knee: she wears it to keep others from feeling the cold her body radiates.
Personality: To people she doesn't know well, she is a mix | |
"You're welcome to come back to the Commonwealth, whenever you please."
It was a sentimental gesture. We both knew he couldn't keep me from entering or leaving the place. But sometimes that makes gestures like that all the more meaningful.
I accepted his hand. "Thank you, Victor. I'll be leaving a temporal beacon with you and Yvonne, should anything happen that requires my presence."
He answered me with a nod and a full smile. I returned it.
And that was all that needed to be said on the subject.
We returned them home afterward. And Liara and Katara and I went on our way, continuing our trip through the wonders of the Multiverse, and moving inexorably to the showdowns that awaited us in the future.
Soon enough, I would meet the figure pulling strings on the other side of the Cracks.
And I knew that when that finally happened, I would finally begin to unravel the mysteries of my origin and the threat posed by the Cracks.
Short 47 - The Die is Cast
Speaking of regrets, sometimes it's not a decision you regret you made, but a decision you regret someone else made.
Sometimes you see someone with potential. Someone who can change their world for the better. But for whatever reason, they make the wrong choice. They make things worse. They cause terrible things to come to pass.
And when you inevitably defeat them, you end up with the tragedy of what might have been.
I'd like to say the TARDIS was her usual rascally self. But the truth was, I had meant to go where we had gone. I just didn't think we'd show up in such circumstances.
"An entire city of metal?", Katara asked as the TARDIS finished VWORPing. "All founded by Toph's daughter?"
"The younger one, yes," I answered. "Marvelous architecture, really. Su may be a bit heavy-handed at times, I grant, but she's a decent enough leader, and I do so enjoy the shows she puts on."
"Will they be anything like that opera you insisted on seeing?" Liara crossed her arms and grinned sardonically. "With the talking octopus and those men falling from the rafters and ruining the whole performance?"
"Oh, come now, that was the best part," I protested. "And then Setzer Gabbiani dropping in like that. The man's got flare."
I reached out and opened the door. We stepped out into a nice garden in the city of Zaofu, ruled by Suyin Beifong's Metal Clan, and I took in a nice breath of fresh air laced with a hint of… wait, was that burning coal?
I looked in confusion towards the main house as it shined in the dawn light. Had they added a coal plant for electricity? I took a step toward it.
"Doctor?", Katara said. "You might want to take a look at this."
I turned toward the view of the valley. That nice, wide, lovely Earth Kingdom valley with its luscious green field and river bracketed by snow-capped mountains and…
...and that scenic army camp milling with soldiers.
I knew what was going on before I pulled out the spyglass and zoomed in. But I wanted to assure myself that I wasn't wrong.
Given the uniforms and insignia, I wasn't.
"Kuvira," I muttered. "What are you doing?"
The voice prompted us to turn. Korra, Opal, and Jinora had just stepped out of the house. The two Airbenders were wearing the new flight suit uniforms of the Air Nation. Korra was in a sleeveless green shirt and dark green trousers, unsurprising since she had been planning to travel the Earth Kingdom and had likely wanted to fit in as best she could. She had even cut her hair, removing the tails that used to hang at her temples and the ponytail she had normally kept, with what now looked like more of a bob cut.
"Ah, hello," I said. I poked a thumb out toward the valley. "So, just what's going on here?"
"She did what?!"
"Doctor," Liara hissed under her breath.
I waved her off. "Let me get this straight.. Suyin actually tried to assassinate Kuvira? During negotiations?"
"Those weren't negotiations," Opal insisted. "Kuvira wasn't here to negotiate, she was making demands and threatening us with her army if we didn't give her everything she wanted!"
I let out a sigh. "And your mother walked right into her trap. Don't you see? Kuvira wanted this, because now she gets to play the aggrieved party. I'm sure she already has established this as being a truce. Attempting to harm her under that truce makes your mother into the criminal and justifies what she's doing."
"Well, we can't let her get away with this," Katara insisted, arms crossed and looking very business like. While this wasn't her time, it was still her world, and Kuvira's heavy-handedness was undoubtedly bringing back memories of Dai Li and Fire Nation behavior from her time. "We've got to stop her."
"It wouldn't be the first time we've stopped an army," Liara pointed out to me, smirking.
"We might not have to," Korra said. "I'm going out to fight her, one on one. If I beat her, I can get her to leave peacefully."
"She has an army at her back, Korra, and every expectation that you're not yet recovered enough to threaten it," I pointed out. "If she's actually going to fight you like that, I'm quite sure she has another motive."
"Maybe, but if I can beat her, she can't just break her word on leaving. Not without ruining her image."
"You think that?" I shook my head. "She's already broken her promise to stand aside for Wu. It's clear the only part of her image she cares for is that of being the Great Uniter. She'll lie and cheat and break her word without a second thought rather than let that work go unfinished." I crossed my arms and looked out the window of the parlor we were gathered in. The sun had risen further in the sky. "First here, and probably the Republic next."
"Do you really think she'd challenge the Republic?", Jinora asked, clearly incredulous at the idea. "She'd end up at war with the entire world."
"Then she'll move only when she's sure she can win that kind of war," I pointed out. "But her behavior pattern is fairly clear. She's not going to stop until forced to." I scratched at my chin. "And that's what we're going to have to do."
"Please, don't do anything until I win the fight," Korra insisted. "If we can end this without a battle, it's how we should do it."
I actually smiled at that. My, hadn't the young Avatar come first. Plan A used to be "hit it with fireballs and punches" for her. Now she was talking about minimizing conflict and talking. "Certainly," I said. "And we'll watch."
Kuvira went for spectacle, of course. Nice, organized, disciplined ranks of her troops arrayed like she was going to a parade with them. And set up, like bloody trophies, were Su and her twin boys, locked up in what looked like full metal suits.
Korra took the lead. Opal and Jinora stood to her right and I stood on the left with Liara. Katara had remained behind with her, well, her counterpart's grandchildren. Ikki and Meelo had been quite confused to meet their "Gran-Gran"'s teenage double, but I was assured they'd follow her instructions.
Kuvira was standing with Bataar Jr. and Zhu Li, but I saw no sign of Bolin and Varrick. Which wasn't ominous at all, was it? Actually, even her boyfriend seemed to be missing. Curious.
Her expression didn't change when her eyes focused momentarily on me. "Ah, Doctor. You've returned. If only you'd come yesterday. We might not have reached that point."
"Perhaps not," I allowed. "Although that's not to say you would have gotten what you sought from the exchange."
"You're not going to take | |
Physics is the most fundamental of all sciences and therefore, its branches have evolved to understand every underlying aspect of the physical world. From particle physics to biophysics, the branches of this subject offer exciting research opportunities for anybody willing to persevere. If you are thinking of making a career in physics, do read this article to get a bird's-eye view of this vast subject.
The division of scientific pursuits into specific branches like physics, chemistry, and biology, is a man-made thing. The universe, the totality of space, time, matter, and energy, knows no divisions; it just operates according to a set of coherent laws, creating evermore beautiful complex works of art. Everything is related to everything else in the universe and therefore, no actual division is possible. It needs to be understood that this segregation of the entire body of knowledge into compartments, is a matter of human convenience.
Like the blind men interpreting the elephant, we create our own theories about the universe, based on what we know. Never restrict yourself to these artificial divisions of the known fields of human knowledge. Passionately explore whatever catches your curiosity and wonder. Physics, in its beginning was known as Natural Philosophy. Back then, the subject wasn't specialized so much, to be split into hundreds of differentiated fields. Philosophy is man's attempt at making sense of all that happens in nature, to find the root cause behind everything. So in a way, you could still call it natural philosophy, but it is a science of the most precise kind.
As physicists went on exploring nature at a deeper and deeper level, various physics branches evolved, with a coherent theoretical structure. To describe and provide rationale, for all that happens, from scales lesser than size of a nucleus, to scales larger than galaxies, a different branch was created, at every level. That is because, every branch is based on a set of principles or approximations, that best describe the phenomena at that level.
As illustrated in the accompanying graphic, overall, physics as a field can be divided into four domains, on the basis of the energy and size scale of the entities involved. Physics at the size scale of footballs and planets, and at velocities amounting to a few kilometers per hour, can be explained by classical mechanics. At low speeds but size scales of an atom, the best description of the bizarre phenomena involved, is provided by quantum mechanics. When speeds close to the speed of light are involved (approximately 3 x 108 meters/s), the best theoretical structure that can explain all phenomena is relativistic mechanics. At sizes less than the scale of an atomic nucleus (< 10-15), quantum field theory provides the most accurate explanation of natural phenomena.
The principle of science, the definition almost, is the following: 'The test of all knowledge is experiment'. Experiment is the sole judge of scientific 'truth.'. . . Experiment itself. . Gives us hints. . But also needed is 'imagination' to create from these hints the great generalizations - to guess at the wonderful, simple, but very strange patterns beneath them all. . And then to experiment to check again, whether we have made the right guess. This imagination process is so difficult, that there is a division of labor in physics: there are theoretical physicists who imagine, deduce and guess at new laws, but do not experiment; and then there are experimental physicists who experiment, imagine, deduce and guess.
I think this adequately explains why there is a division of labor in physics into the two branches. The fields are complementary to each other. Every branch has a theoretical and an experimental discipline. Theory cannot be validated without experiment and experiments cannot be performed without theoretical basis and direction. So here is a quick tour of the entire physics domain. Not only will you be introduced to the nature of knowledge and work in each branch, but you will also be provided with information about the notable discoveries in each domain and the best introductory books.
Here is a list of the main physics branches, along with a summary of what is studied in each. Every branch is further divided into smaller sub-branches. As explained before, every one of these branches except mathematical physics, has an experimental and theoretical sub-division. The classification of these branches is artificial and they overlap onto each other, to create further specialized fields.
This is the oldest branch of physics, that analytically describes motion of all objects on macroscopic scales. It describes everything from how large objects like balls bounce, why pendulums swing, to how planets revolve around the Sun. It describes mechanics of all kinds on the large scale and it's termed as classical because it cannot explain motion at the atomic level. The kind of problem, which classical mechanics tries to solve is this. If such are the forces acting on bodies with specific masses, placed at such relative distances, what will the motion of the objects be?
Specifically, it provides a theoretical framework to build deterministic equations of motion, for bodies that are under influence of forces. Three of the primary divisions of the field, according to the type of mathematical formalism used, are Newtonian mechanics (Problems are solved through resolution of force vectors, acting on bodies), Hamiltonian mechanics (The equation of motion is derived from the sum of kinetic and potential energies of the system, known as the Hamiltonian), and Lagrangian mechanics (The equation of motion is derived from the difference between kinetic and potential energies of a system, known as the Lagrangian, using the principle of least action). The third formalism, based on Lagrangian equations of motion, finds applications in the entirety of physics, including quantum mechanics, relativistic mechanics, and quantum field theory.
Traditionally, the field can be divided into the following sub-divisions, which are Statics (the study of systems in equilibrium), Dynamics (Study of motion, in relation to forces), and Kinematics (Study of motion, without reference to its causative agents). Today, the entire field is classified as a part of mechanics.
Fluid mechanics is a specialized sub-branch of classical mechanics, which describes the physics of all types of fluids, including gases, liquids, and plasma. All matter in this field is modeled as a continuum, without taking the individual properties of constituent elements like atoms into consideration. It can describe the behavior of fluids and their properties under various conditions, including their flow through pipes. It can describe real life phenomena like the rise of water from the roots of plants to the top, the flow of rivers, help in the design of airplane wings, hydraulic presses and pumps, help predict weather, and can be applicable in just about every situation where fluids are involved. Aerodynamics (study of fluids like air in particular and the dynamics of flight) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) (Computationally simulated numerical solutions to fluid mechanics problems) are some of its prime branches. The subject can also be divided into fluid statics and dynamics, describing fluids at rest and in motion.
The analytical tools required for theory, are provided by mathematical physics. Mathematics is the language that nature speaks. To know how she functions on a deeper level, one must master this language and its every dialect completely. The field is an overlap between physics and mathematics. It provides a rigorous logical base and a complete toolbox, required for the use of sophisticated mathematical machinery in theoretical physics.
Just like a workman must use the right kind of tools to get his job done, so must a physicist use the right mathematical tools to solve a problem. The more and more deeply we explore nature, every new law discovered can only be expressed in a new form of mathematics.
This field is | |
How do you help your family declutter, keep reading to find out my top tips!
There you are, you're finally ready to let it go. Good for you! You are excited to roll up your sleeves and get to work. To clear out all the extra and get your home streamlined and organized. The only problem is your family is not on board. They just don't see the clutter that you do and they see really no reason to get rid of anything let alone any of "their" things.
And there you are. Completely stopped in your tracks before you have even gotten started.
So what do you? How do you convince your family that cutting the clutter is the right fit for all of them and the work will be worth it for everyone in the home?
My Hubs has a hard time letting go of things. Cuz, ya just never know when you are going to need a stray piece of wire. I kid you not. He has more senseless collections of doohickies (why yes, that is a word) than any 80-year-old farmer. Our garage and barn is a mish-mash of unlabeled coffee cans that make me cringe whenever I see them. So decluttering "his" stuff was just not going to happen. Finally, I decided to lead by example.
I have found that by decluttering "my" things and streamlining my rooms he is seeing just how nice it is to have a place for everything and everything in its place.
When he sees just how cluttered his spaces are in comparison to mine. (The garage compared to the kitchen for example.) He is finally and all on his own beginning to pare down….just a bit.
Last year I began totes for each of my boys for Christmas decorations. As I decorate for the season and come across an item I no longer love I will put it into one of my son's totes. Just this past Christmas my one son asked for decorations and I grabbed his tote. Hubs was so impressed that I had such a thing all set up and ready to go that he began totes for each of the boys for tools.
Maybe part of the problem, especially with younger children, is they simply do not know where to start. Give them my super simple tip for getting started with clutter.
Get rid of the trash first.
By taking a wastebasket and removing all the trash in a room you are showing them just how easy it is to remove the unneeded. After the wastebasket is full simply dump it out and ask them to now fill it with toys they no longer play with.
By using a small container like a wastebasket you are keeping the decluttering simple and less scary.
Whether you are dealing with a child or an adult, sometimes all they need is a good reason why. Explain to them why YOU want to declutter and how important it is to remove the mess and the stress that goes along with it.
Looking for things that are lost in the rubble doesn't only drive you crazy…it drives everyone crazy! Paint a scenario of a well-ordered room and how nice it is to find your favorite things when you want them and in the condition they should be in.
Once your family truly understands your reasons, they may be more willing to chip in.
If you create a system that has 10 steps you are simply not going to stick with it. The same is true, maybe even more so, with a reluctant family. Keep the job of decluttering simple and before you know it they will catch the bug too.
So how do you make it simple and fun?
Large bins with big bold labels for one. And not just any labels. For the kids, you can put pictures of children on the tote explaining that by sharing their toys they no longer play with, they will be helping others who do not have as much as they do.
You will be amazed at how much children love to help others if given the chance.
Take a tip from my own Hubs and suggest to your spouse that you start totes for your children when they finally have homes of their own. If your spouse knows the "extras" are going to the family they may be more willing to let go.
If you are like me you have this magical talent of being able to find things when they seem lost forever. If I had a nickel for every time I heard "mom do you know where my _____ is?" I would be a very rich woman.
Instead of being the hero, try tossing the ball back into their court for a change. If you have older children this tip will work surprisingly well.
If they can't find it, let them learn the hard way. I can guarantee this lesson will not take long to learn. Yes, it is tough love…but sometimes those are the lessons that teach the most.
My younger son could not find his cleats and was forced to sit the bench that game. Let me just say, he knew where his sports clothes were from that day forward.
There is nothing wrong with a little bribery as long as it's for the good of the family. (or at the very least…mom!) Offer the kids a night of pizza and bowling if they begin to declutter.
Or you can simply lay down the law. Tell them nothing new comes in until something old goes out. This was my motto every December. If they did not clean out the toy box, then I would not allow anything new to come in.
Maybe a little jail time?
No matter how young or old your children are, this trick works wonders. Each night before you head off to bed, pick up any items from the kitchen or family room. Place them in a closet and lock the door. If your child asks for that item, they must post "bail" to get it back. It can be another item to purge or a task like sweeping the kitchen floor.
Sometimes you simply need to get creative to get results.
A little advice. Don't try this tip on your spouse. I did and it totally backfired. It wasn't long before my items ended up in jail. Eeek. Lesson learned. I now use this tip only on the kids…..just say'in.
Just like I have a junk drawer, so must my family. By allowing them an area where they can just "let it go" you are taking off the all or nothing approach. The family will only resist if backed into a corner, so by giving them a place that can just be a mess, it will take some of the pressure off of you and them.
Younger kids can have a toy box.
Tweens can have a hope chest or lock box.
Teens can have a desk drawer (or drawers if necessary).
Hubs can have a cabinet in the garage or workshop.
By allowing them this small space they will be more willing to clean up the rest.
When you have a spouse that is simply not on board it can be hard to keep your own motivation up. To keep the peace and not lose sights of your own prize learn to give a little. Choose your non-negotiable space and allow him to have his. For me, it is my kitchen. I spend most of my time in there so it was important to me to have that space neat and tidy. For Hubs, it was his garage. That is his place and he wanted things his way. Oiy….those coffee cans!
As you begin your decluttering journey let your family know why. Explain to them how the clutter makes | |
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They participate in an important role keeping in mind your area and roadways roads clean and neat and | |
did not even enable that for a good portion of our testing, as it wasn't really needed. But it does make a big difference if you are gaming for quite some time. It also keeps notifications from coming in and disturbing you, which is also nice. If you were looking to pick up this phone for gaming, it's definitely a good choice. The only downside here is that there is only 64GB of internal storage. It would have been nice to see 128GB or more storage included, since most games can't be stored on the micro SD card, and these games do get pretty large.
The Honor Play does also support the company's GPU Turbo feature, which essentially overclocks the GPU a bit, so you can get even better performance when playing certain games. However, it only works with two games right now: PUBG Mobile and Mobile Legends: Bang Bang. Hopefully it'll make its way to more games in the near future. As it does work really well, providing better performance, and it doesn't really heat up the Honor Play much at all.
The model of the Honor Play that we have here is the European version, which means it does not support US networks. That's unfortunate, but not surprising. So we were unable to test this out on making phone calls or on cellular networks. But it should work just as well as any other smartphone. It did get the same speeds on WiFi as other devices connected to the same WiFi, so that's a good thing.
There are two speakers here on the Honor Play. There's the down-firing speaker next to the USB-C port, and then the earpiece doubles as the second speaker. But it's not a proper speaker. This speaker is mostly used for the mids and highs, while all the bass comes from the bottom-firing speaker. So if you cover up that speaker, you won't hear much. And that does actually happen from time to time when you are playing games on the Honor Play. So keep that in mind. But the actual sound quality here is pretty good. The Honor Play does not sound tinny at all, and provides a fair amount of bass without overpowering the mids and highs here.
Honor did also keep the headphone jack here, which might be a bit surprising to many, but it is definitely nice to see here. So you can use headphones while you are playing games on the Honor Play. The sound quality from the headphone jack, as usual, depends on what headphones you have plugged in. But it sounded really good with a pair of JBL earbuds plugged in.
The Honor Play did perform quite well in the benchmarks that we threw at it - that includes AnTuTu, 3D Mark and GeekBench 4. Now it's important to remember that Huawei and Honor both "cheat" on these benchmarks, by ramping up the processor and GPU to get a better score on these benchmarks. Huawei and Honor are not the only manufacturers to do this, but it does go to show that benchmarks aren't the end all when it comes to seeing how well a device performs. Having said that, the Honor Play scored a 204,863. Over in 3D Mark, it picked up a score of 2,875 in the Sling Shot Extreme - OpenGL ES 3.1. With a 3,092 in the Sling Shot Extreme - Vulkan test. On Geekbench, it got a single-core score of 1875 and a multi-core score of 6,281. You can see the full results in the gallery below.
Honor Play is packing a pretty modest 3750mAh capacity battery. With this being a phone aimed at "gamers", you might expect Honor to pack a higher capacity battery into this smartphone. Especially since it (and Huawei) routinely uses 4000mAh capacity batteries in other smartphones. But having said that, the 3750mAh capacity battery here does work pretty well. It is able to last us all-day long and then some, even with some gameplay mixed in. We were able to get around three and a half hours of screen-on time in a single day, with there being more than 50-percent battery left. So a six hour screen-on time is definitely within reach. It is important to note here that there was no SIM card inside this phone, since it doesn't work on US networks, which means that the battery life might be skewed a bit. But it should definitely get you through a full day and then some.
Since this is running on a Kirin chipset, it does not support Quick Charge (as that is Qualcomm's standard) but it does support fast charging. We were able to charge this with a Quick Charge 2.0-compatible wall charger, and fully charge the Honor Play in a little under two hours. That is comparable to other phones with similar battery capacities. So you can quickly top off this smartphone pretty easily. Additionally, there is no wireless charging here. That is partly because of the metal build, but also because Honor would rather give users more battery capacity, than have to include the coils for wireless charging - which do take up a fair bit of space. You can see some of our battery cycles in the gallery below.
Honor is shipping the Honor Play with Android 8.1 Oreo and EMUI 8.2 on-board. It will be getting an update to Android 9 Pie in the future, though Honor has not said exactly when that will happen. That is quite common, as there often times are bugs that creep up and delay when updates are sent out. During the review process, we did receive a couple of updates for the Honor Play, both of which were bug fixing updates. But it does look like Honor is going to do a good job at updating the Honor Play.
As mentioned, this is running on EMUI 8.2, which is actually a slightly newer version of EMUI compared to what was on Huawei and Honor phones released earlier this year. After having used the Honor Play for a few weeks, there doesn't seem to be many changes here. The biggest one is changing the quick settings toggles from a black background to a white background. Otherwise, you are going to find all of the same EMUI features in the Honor Play here.
Honor is using gesture navigation on the Honor Play. This seems to be a feature that every smartphone has adopted this year, along with the notch. And each smartphone does it a bit different, but Honor's is closer to what you'd see in Android Pie. There is a bar at the bottom of the screen, which you can tap to go back, touch and hold to go home or slide back and forth to jump between apps. Honor also has the navigation dock which is essentially a dot that can be moved anywhere on your screen, and be dragged around to go back, home and to recents. So if you really want more screen real estate on the Honor Play, that is definitely the route to go.
The software on the Honor Play is about what you'd expect from Honor. It still has the common theme that you've seen on other Huawei and Honor smartphones, so no huge surprise there. But it is definitely getting optimized more and more. That is a good thing, but Huawei also has the advantage here of creating its own chipsets, so it can really optimize its processors for its smartphones and its software. The Honor Play was nice and speedy on the Kirin 970 with 4GB of RAM. And once more, notifications appear to have been fixed, or at least they weren't as bad as on older smartphones. | |
have recently returned from the 40 DT4EMS Initial/Instructor course in West Virginia and think the experience merits some appreciation. The class was broken down into two parts. The first two days (16 hours) were the Escaping Violent Encounters (E.V.E) Initial, this amounts to what is basically your entry level "provider" course. The following three days were the 24 hour Instructor Candidate course. This allows those who have successfully completed the 24 hours to teach the program at their facility or agency under the close supervision of DT4EMS (more on this later). The class was scheduled for 40 straight hours, 0800-1700. We got out early a couple of days though, 1657 or so instead of the scheduled 1700. It was, without a doubt, a very busy and labor intensive week.
From the moment class begins you are left with no reservation whatsoever that Kip Teitsort (pronounced tea-sort) is passionate about keeping me, you and everyone else on the job safe. The responses to attacks he teaches are simple, yet effective, and I feel they would be very helpful if you ever get on the wrong side of bad and find yourself in need of them. Some other "products" that are marketed for use by EMS are terrific in that if you are sued secondary to using them in good faith the international corporation behind them will gladly defend you in court (good luck even finding their website after years of use of said product though). One of the multitudes of great things about DT4EMS is this; the only way you can use the techniques is in good faith. There is no submission, joint lock, pressure point, blows to the lateral neck or anything of that nature that is used to control a patient or attacker. Nothing taught can be used punitively, even if youwanted to. All responses to attack are just that, responses to attack.
There are no bastardized LEO applications that are watered down or abridged for use by EMS. Everything is geared specifically for EMS (although Kip is a cop, he also happens to be a paramedic) If someone tries to hit you, try not to be there, if you find that you are there, Kip will show you a thing or two about how not to continue being there. In my humble opinion, and I have some experience with this sort of thing, the techniques are just what we in EMS need, simple, effective methods of protecting ourselves if the wheels come off. Even after all the cool, effective and ridiculously simple responses to attack, that is not the best part of days 1-2.
If you were to break down acts of physical aggression into 2 parts, the 1st would be recognition or understanding that something is about to happen to you. The 2nd would be the attack itself. Kip would prefer you never get to step 2 and find yourself in need of a method to avoid a punch that's already left the gate or someone wrapping their hands around your delicate throat. That's what step 1 is all about, avoiding the conflict altogether. We all know that it is not always possible to avoid conflict, but given a few tools help recognize where conflict may lie or maybe something you personally can do to avoid sparking conflict goes a long way towards your safety. From pre-arrival things to consider to on scene indicators of potential violence to tips on speaking to people it is all covered. One point that I thought particularly valuable was Kip's assertion that good customer service goes a long way to keeping yourself out of a drama. There is more to theinitial course that I have not touched on here such as loads of open source material proving there is a need for this training, behavior in the courtroom, mindset during violent encounters, but I am running out of typing steam and don't wish anyone to be discouraged by the length of this post.
Overall and without a doubt I feel that this course is just about as good as it gets when it comes to preparing EMS personnel for violent encounters. Depending on the organization there are more than enough things we are required to train for that we will likely never encounter and yet those things are mandatory. After all, when was the last time someone was killed in a hospital fire? The last time I, or a co-worker, was assaulted on the street? That I can recall.
After days 1-2 you have more than a solid idea what this is all about. You know that assault on EMS is very real. You know what you might keep an eye out for that might clue you in to a bad situation. You know that you need to be prepared for assault, you know how to speak, you know how to stand, where to stand, what is appropriate and what is not, and what to do if the above does not keep you out of the donnybrook. You also know how best to document assault, present yourself in court and loads of other useful stuff. What you may not have noticed during this time is Kip's exceptional ability to teach you all of these things. I feel a bit red in the face that I did not notice how good he is until I had to put myself in his shoes. Now, don't get me wrong, there was at no point any doubt about his ability to teach, it's just that he really turns it up during the last 3 days. I have, or have had, an instructor cert for most things out there, not one of those classes holds a candle to the way Kip conducts his instructor candidate course. Although he was still a bit of a jokester, he was defiantly a different guy. If you were not getting something quite right he explained that to you, and he did it in a way that you felt really good about. On day 3 we got homework. You may have to teach chapter 3 for instance, the rub is you don't know which part of chapter 3. The next day he finds a spot somewhere in the ppt, calls your name and you get up and teach it. The class is given 5 or 6 points on which to evaluate you and when Kip has had enough you're done. First the class is given the chance to discuss what was done well and what could have used some work. Then Kip gives you his ideas on what were done well and what might be improved. It seems that no matter how bad your presentation was or how much you need to work on, the praise always outweighed the criticism. When that bit is said and done he does some more lecture of the same topic explaining all the while what it is he wants to achieve and how best to deliver it. After the lecture portion you get to teach the class 1 or 2 of the techniques you learned during thin initial course. Again, Kip lets you go until you are done or he thinks it's time to show you how to do it just a little bit better. This goes on for 2 solid days, all the while you are learning more about the tactics/techniques and how better to deliver the course. At the end of the I/C course I, and the fellow I traveled with decided that not only is Kip a top shelf instructor, but that it was the best instructor course either of us has attended. It is the only one I have been to where you have to prove | |
George Pallas
Old Crime is New Again
Cheryl Crane: Sensational Murder or Something Else?
Our case last week looked at psycho former showgirl Clara Phillips who murdered a supposed love rival with a hammer. This week we delve into a Hollywood death that might or might not be murder. This is the story of Cheryl Crane, Lana Turner, and Johnny Stompanato.
Lana Turner, Cheryl Crane, and Johnny Stompanato
Lana Turner, born Julia Jean Turner in Wallace, Idaho in 1921, was a prominent film actress. Her career began in the 1930s. By the late 1950s, she was an established star. Despite professional success, Turner's personal life was chaotic. Already married and divorced three times, she remarried her third husband, Stephen Crane in late 1942 when she discovered she was pregnant. She gave birth to a daughter, Cheryl Crane, on July 25, 1943.
Lana Turner in an undated M-G-M publicity photo
As the child of a famous movie star, Cheryl had little chance of a normal childhood. She later described herself as "famous at birth and pampered silly." Cheryl's parents divorced in 1944, a year after her birth. She and her mother lived in the Bel Air section of Los Angeles during most of her early years. Years later, in her autobiography, Cheryl alleged that Turner's fourth husband, actor Lex Barker, had sexually abused her many times.
CherylCrane at eight weeks old in 1943 with her father, Stephen Crane, and mother, Lana Turner
Now we come to Johnny Stompanato. Stompanato was an ex-marine who served in the Pacific during World War II. By 1957, he was a bodyguard and enforcer for Los Angeles mobster Meyer "Mickey" Cohen. Stompanato became infatuated with Lana Turner in 1957, calling her and sending her flowers as "John Steele." She was filming The Lady Takes a Flyer at the time.
Johnny Stompanato
Cheryl Crane Knifes Stompanato
Despite trying to break away when she discovered his ties to organized crime, Turner continued her relationship with Stompanato. It was one characterized by violent arguments and physical abuse followed by reconciliations.
Johnny Stompanato with Lana Turner at a Hollywood nightclub ( Image by © Bettmann/CORBIS)
Cheryl described Stompanato this way:
B-picture good looks…thick set…powerfully built and soft spoken…and talked in short sentences to cover a poor grasp of grammar and spoke in a deep baritone voice. With friends, he seldom smiled or laughed out loud, but seemed always coiled, holding himself in…had watchful hooded eyes that took in more than he wanted anyone to notice…His wardrobe on a daily basis consisted of roomy, draped slacks, a silver buckled skinny leather belt and lizard shoes.
(L to R) Lana Turner, Johnny Stompanato, and Cheryl Crane about a month before Cheryl stabbed him
On April 4, 1958, Stompanato showed up at Turner's rented home in Beverly Hills. She had just leased the place just a week earlier. Cheryl, then 14 years old, heard the couple in a heated argument. Stompanato threatened to kill Turner, Cheryl, and Turner's mother. He made other threats as well, including breaking Turner's bones and cutting her face with a straight razor.
The house Lana Turner rented and where Stompanato died at 730 North Bedford Drive in Beverly Hills, California. The window at top left is the pink-carpeted bedroom where the stabbing took place. (JGKlein)
Cheryl had been watching television in an adjacent room. Believing her mother's life was in danger, she grabbed a knife and ran to her mother's aid. Meanwhile, Turner had ordered Stompanato out of the house. The door to the bedroom burst open and out stormed Stompanato, right into the knife Cheryl held in her hand.
Coroner's attendants remove Johnny Stompanato's body from Lana Turner's home (Gary Smith / Los Angeles Times)
Cheryl Crane and the Coroner's Inquest
Because of Turner's fame as an actress and the involvement of her teenage daughter, the case quickly became a sensation. More than a hundred people attended the coroner's inquest on April 11, 1958.
Cheryl Crane shortly after her arrest
Testimony at the inquest lasted for four hours. Witnesses who testified included Mickey Cohen (who refused to say anything), Lana Turner, and Cheryl's father, Stephen Crane. When testimony wrapped up, the coroner's jury deliberated about 25 minutes before returning a verdict of justifiable homicide. The court released her to the custody of her grandmother. The judge also ordered her to regularly visit a psychiatrist accompanied by her parents.
Johnny Stompanato's ex-wife, Sarah Ibrahaim filed a $750,000 wrongful death suit against Turner, Cheryl, and Stephen Crane. It implied that Lana Turner was responsible for stabbing Stompanato. The suit was eventually settled out of court in 1962.
A conspiracy theory endures that Lana Turner stabbed Stompanato, and that Cheryl Crane took the blame for her mother. The theory persists despite Cheryl's repeated denials. She maintains that her mother never would have forced her teenaged daughter to falsely take the blame.
You can read more about the case in Movie Star & The Mobster: Lana Turner, Johnny Stompanato and Homicide in the Pink Bedroom by John William Law.
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Clara Phillips: Sensational Murder for Love
In last week's case, Richard Crafts murdered his wife and used a woodchipper to dispose of her body. The State of Connecticut convicted him of murder anyway. This week, our case is from California in the Roaring Twenties. There, in 1922, Clara Phillips used a hammer and a boulder to kill a supposed rival for her husband's affections.
Armour and Clara Phillips
Clara Phillips had been a showgirl when she met Armour L. Phillips. Phillips was part of the über-wealthy Mellons of Pittsburgh, but his was a poor branch of the family from Texas. Nor did he have any of the business or financial acumen of his moneyed relatives. Instead, he was a grifter and a con man. Nonetheless, Clara adored him.
Armour L. Phillips
Clara had a volatile temperament. She invented a story about being kidnapped as a child in Los Angeles and frequently fought with other showgirls. She also fought with her husband but that apparently didn't diminish her ardor.
Trouble started when Clara overheard a neighbor gossiping that Armour was having an affair with one Alberta Meadows. Meadows was a young widow who worked as a bank teller. She had been married less than a year when her husband died in an accident at work. Hearing that Alberta was dallying with Armour (she wasn't), Clara hatched a plan.
Murder victim Alberta Meadows (Heald Examiner Collection)
Clara Phillips' Murder Plan
On July 10, 1922, Clara visited a local five-and-dime. There, in the hardware department, she selected a claw hammer. She asked the clerk if it was heavy enough to kill a woman. Thinking she was joking, he replied "Yes, it is, if you hit her hard enough with it." Clara bought the hammer for fifteen cents.
Clara dn Armour Phillips embrace at her arraignment (Los Angeles Times Photographic Collection)
After buying the murder weapon, Clara spent most of the afternoon in a Long Beach speakeasy. With her was her friend, another former chorine named Peggy Caffee. After bending Peggy's ear about Alberta's "affair" with her husband, the two went to Meadows' house. There they made up a story about needing a lift across town. For some reason, Alberta agreed. When they reached a lonely stretch of Montecito Drive, Clara asked Alberta to pull off the road. She said she wanted to have a private conversation with Alberta. Clara then proceeded to pummel Alberta about the head with the hammer until it broke. She finished off her supposed rival by rolling a 50-pound boulder onto her chest.
The terrified witness, Peggy Caffee (Herald Examiner Collection)
With Alberta now dead, the two women fled in the victim's brand-new Ford. Clara came home to Armour, still covered in Alberta's | |
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by which officially sanctioned artists would be able to produce 'correct' images. This explains why there were frequently several similar versions made of portraits, copied according to an approved pattern. It is not known whether Cecil's draft was ever executed, but clearly its censorship aims were not achieved. Towards the end of her reign, in 1596, unseemly portraits were sought out by government officers and there was an official bonfire of those judged to be of'great offense' to the queen. Unedifying engravings were burned, too, over the years and one writer records that 'vile copies multiplyed from an ill Painting' were gathered in and for several years provided the cooks at Essex House with makeshift shovels for their ovens.
We can assume, though, that most of __ the surviving later images of Elizabeth had met with her approval. By the end of her life the gulf between image and reality must have been enormous. She had transformed herself from a grey-haired old lady with sunken cheeks and badly yellowing teeth (as we are told by an observant French ambassador) into a legendary blonde of imperishable youth. As well as giving her an image of goddess-like immortality, Elizabeth's fantastic youth was designed to symbolise the continuing peaceful and successful state of the nation. Like the face, this was of course a fiction. England at the end of Elizabeth's long reign was racked by economic hardship, by rumours of the Queen's illness and death, and by concerns over the succession. Amid these troubles, it was more important than ever for Elizabeth to develop a protective aura of remote sanctity.
The official portraits of Elizabeth done after 1590 portray an increasingly aloof and staggeringly unreal blonde diva. The Ditchley portrait shows a symbolically flawless creature hovering over a map of England, her tiny pointed toes directly above Oxfordshire. It was painted by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger to commemorate the queen's visit to Sir Henry Lee at Ditchley in Oxfordshire in 1592. She wears an elaborately worked gown (one of nearly two thousand she owned at the end of her life), regal white and overrun with a lattice of pearls and jewels. Round her neck she has a pearl and ruby choker and looped over her bodice is the usual fistful of ropes of more fat pearls. Her wig is yellow-blonde. But by the time the portrait had been transposed to its pattern versions, one formerly at Blair Castle, another at Blickling Hall, it had been tweaked a couple of shades and become a stunning platinum.
Nicholas Hilliard painted many images of the queen in miniature in various shades of blonde and a few of brunette. But those done after 1590 were all subject to what is known as the Hilliard 'Mask of Youth' pattern. This was designed to reflect an idealisation of Elizabeth, a visual expression of the poetic worship of her beauty and loveliness during the last years of her reign. All of these depict Elizabeth as a pale yellow-blonde, several of them with her hair flowing loosely on to her shoulders like a young bride.
The painting attributed to Robert Peake called _Queen_ _Elizabeth going in Procession to Blackfriars in 1600_ shows a legendary queen dressed a white gown studded with jewels and borne aloft in a canopied litter by her courtiers. She has pouting ruby lips, dark, sensuous eyes and the glowing complexion of a young girl. Her hair, dressed with jewels and pearls, is a fantastic shade of shimmering blonde. Massed around her are ageing courtiers and grandees strutting like peacocks and her dark-haired maids of honour, mere decorative foils to the queen's eye-catching magnificence. Stage-managing her image right to the last, Elizabeth floats ethereally above them like some luminescent celestial being. At the sunset of her glorious long reign, this was perhaps Elizabeth's most exotic and fantastic incarnation ever.
We know that the smooth face, the teenage eyes and the flawless hands are all blatant lies. But the hair might be truer than we at first think. Elizabeth had been wearing elaborately dressed wigs for twenty years when this painting was done, partly for convenience but also to conceal grey and thinning hair. By the 1590s Elizabeth had a substantial collection of wigs. In 1592, Roger Mountague, her silkman, delivered 'vij heads of haire to make attiers, flowers, and other devices for Attiers, Two periwigs of haire'; and in 1595 he supplied 'iiij lardge fayre heddes of heaire iiij perewigges of heaire'. In 1602, a year before she died, she was still buying hair for wigs.
Queen Elizabeth had always had a clear understanding of the language of clothes and hair. When she was engaged in foreign policy negotiations or being courted by potential suitors from Europe, she would wear varying styles of dress for diplomatic purposes as well as for reasons of fashion. Sir James Melville, the Scottish ambassador, noted in 1564 that some days she wore the English fashion, some days the French and other days the Italian. 'She asked me which of them became her best. I said, the Italian dress; which pleased her well, for she delighted to shew her golden coloured hair.'
Melville had been sent to England that year by Mary Queen of Scots to renew relations with Queen Elizabeth which had deteriorated to a point beyond even the pretence of friendship. During his stay he discovered a queen interested in very feminine rivalries:
She entered to discern what colour of hair was reputed best; and whether my queen's hair or hers was best; and which of them two was fairest. I answered that the fairness of them both was not their worst faults. But she was earnest with me to declare which of them I thought fairest. I said she was the fairest queen in England and ours the fairest queen in Scotland. Yet she was earnest. I answered they were both the fairest ladies of their courts and that Fler Majesty was whiter, but our queen was very lovely.
The Elizabethan ideal of feminine beauty was the product of a mixture of poetic influences, contemporary paintings and the whims of Queen Elizabeth herself, whose appearance was imitated by society ladies as an expression of flattery. John Marston, the sixteenth-century poet and dramatist, gave a detailed specification for the ideal English beauty. 'The face should be round and ruddy, the forehead smooth, high and white, the eyebrows small delicate and marked with a pencil, the lips coral or like cherries . . . the hair a rich golden yellow.' Marston's mother was Italian, so he may have been influenced by the Italian obsession with blonde hair. But he was not the only poet glorifying the blonde. This description of a yellow-haired beauty was written before Elizabeth's day, but the story was reprinted in England three times, the last edition appearing in 1567. The heroine was named Lady Lucres and looked like this: 'Her heare [was] plenteous, and lyke unto the goulde were, which hanged not downe behinde her, after the manner and custome of maydens, but in goulde and stone she had enclosed it; her forhed highe, of seemlye space, without wiynkell, her brows bente, her eyne shining like as the sun . . . strayt as thriede was her noose. Her mouth smal and comely, her lippes of corall colour, her small tethe, wel set in order, semed Cristal.' Historians have taken this as the perfect Elizabethan beauty because we have her exact opposite described ironically by Shakespeare in Sonnet 130:
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips' red;
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damask'd, red | |
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A Houston scrap collector hauled an old safe from a family's home, but when the vault was pried open he discovered it held a fortune in gold coins and silver dollars.
The man who opened the safe was David Molick, owner of Robbie's Key & Lock shop who told ABC News that the scrap collector asked him to break into the safe before it was turned into scrap recently.
"He showed me a picture of this safe, and I saw that it was a high security one," Molick said. "It was real difficult to get into. It was pretty beat up. Looked like somebody had tried forcing their way into it since the front was beat up."
Molick said he spent more than 20 hours trying to open the safe. Finally, after drilling 10 holes through six-inch walls of concrete, he discovered a bonanza.
"I thought, 'Oh, this ain't real,'" Molick said. "There were 50 Krugerrands in one pipe, and brand new, un-circulated silver dollars in ammo boxes. All of them were well over half full. The entire safe must've weighed at least 3,000 pounds." Molick estimates the safe to contain $2.5 million.
Molick then called the police and put a lock back on the safe the next day.
"We temporarily took custody of the coins," said Houston Police Department spokesperson Keese Smith.
Smith declined to estimate the value of the coins.
"I don't have an exact number, but there was a substantial amount," he said.
The scrap dealer and the family that originally owned the safe have remained anonymous, but Mike DeGuerin, an attorney for the family, told ABC News affiliate KTRK that the coins were returned to the family. He told the station the family's father had been saving them for decades, but had died recently. Someone who was helping his family clear out the garage was given the safe to sell as scrap, but was supposed to return anything inside of value once he figured out a way to get it open.
Smith said, "The two parties involved worked out their differences, and the coins were released to the individuals involved."
From ABC News, submitted by Glenn Worthington, Murfreesboro, AR.
Authorities in the German city of Munich have reportedly chanced upon a vast trove of priceless art that vanished during the Nazi regime and is today valued at about $1 billion.
The BBC cites the German magazine Focus in reporting German tax authorities found the store of 1,500 artworks, including those by masters like Matisse, Picasso and Chagall, hidden in the home of Cornelius Gurlitt, the reclusive son of a Munich art dealer.
Gurlitt had been reportedly suspected of tax evasion, and authorities found the cache after obtaining- and then executing- a search warrant for his Munich home in early 2011.
"This is a sensational find," a spokesman for German Customs reportedly said. "A true treasure trove. It is an incredible story."
And although the art was seized over two years ago, the Focus story apparently represents the first public account of the works' discovery.
Decades ago, many of the works had reportedly been declared "degenerate," or "un-German," by the Nazis, subsequently confiscated, and then re-sold to German collectors at below-market prices. Others had been reported stolen or were apparently bought for a pittance from Jewish art collectors who were under duress or forced to hurriedly emigrate.
The BBC cites the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in estimating the Nazis seized about 16,000 works of art in all during their tumultuous, terror-filled reign in the 1930s and 1940s.
Of those pieces of art recovered from Gurlitt's mansion, filled with rotting food and other bric-a-brac, 200 are reportedly the subject of international warrants.
According to the Focus report, as cited by the BBC, the collection is now held in a secure warehouse in Munich, until authorities sort everything out.
A break in the case reportedly came in 2010 when German customs officials conducted a routine check of a train from Switzerland and found the elder Gurlitt's sole-surviving son aboard with 9,000 Euros and several empty envelopes.
Further investigation reportedly revealed Gurlitt was not registered with any German authorities or government tax and social service organizations, either.
"He was a man who didn't exist," one official reportedly said.
Meanwhile, Cornelius Gurlitt's famous father, Hilderbrandt Gurlitt, was well-known in international art circles for having reportedly been tasked with none other than Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi propaganda minister, with monetizing the seized artworks deemed "degenerate."
But the elder Gurlitt apparently kept much of the art, and after the war, claimed the collection had been destroyed in the 1945 bombing of Dresden, where he had a home.
Archaeologists have recovered five cannons from the wreck Blackbeard's flagship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, off the coast of North Carolina.
State underwater archaeologists raised the largest of the guns, weighing in at about 3,000 pounds. The other four weigh about 2,000 pounds, the Carteret County News-Times reported.
Project Director Billy Ray Morris says historians think the largest cannon was made in Sweden, indicating that Blackbeard had guns from different countries. State officials say about 280,000 artifacts have been recovered from the wreck.
"It was just an absolutely fantastic day," Morris told the Carteret County News-Times. "If we can get this team in the future and weather like we had today, we will have the artifacts up by the end of 2014."
Blackbeard, the world's most famous pirate, captured a French slave ship and renamed it Queen Anne's Revenge in 1717. Volunteers with the Royal Navy killed Blackbeard in Ocracoke Inlet the following year, five months after the ship sank.
The wreck was located in 1996 in Beaufort Inlet. According to the News-Times, archaeologists hope to retrieve all of the artifacts from the site by next year because of deterioration brought about by hurricanes that have hit the coast.
Morris told the News-Times that 30 cannons have been discovered at the site and at least eight remain on the ocean floor. To date, 22 cannons have been raised from the wreckage.
"We know the records state that the Queen Anne's Revenge had 40 cannons, and I believe we'll find some more before it's all over, but I'm not sure if we'll find all 40," he said.
A French climber scaling a glacier off Mont Blanc got more than satisfaction for his efforts when he stumbled across a treasure trove of emeralds, rubies and sapphires that had been buried for decades.
The jewels, estimated to be worth up to $332,000, lay hidden in a metal box that was on board an Indian plane that crashed in the desolate landscape some 50 years ago.
The climber turned the haul in to local police.
"This was an honest young man who very quickly realized that they belonged to someone who died on the glacier," local gendarmerie chief Sylvain Merly told AFP.
French authorities are contacting their Indian counterparts to trace the owner or heirs of the jewels.
Under French law, the jewelry could be handed over to the mountaineer if these are not identified, Merly said.
Two Air India planes crashed into Mont Blanc in 1950 and in 1966. Climbers routinely find debris, baggage and human remains.
In September last year, India took possession of a bag of diplomatic mail from the Kangchenjunga, a Boeing 707 flying from Mumbai which crashed on the southwest face of Mont Blanc on January 24, 1966.
The crash killed 117 people including the pioneer of India's nuclear programme, Homi Johangir Bhabha.
From AFF, submitted by Marty Maher, Langlois, OR.
In the shadow of James Madison's Montpelier, archaeologists and metal detecting hobbyists are teaming up to unearth the history that lies beneath the 2,650-acre Virginia estate.
Armed with high-tech equipment and age-old tools, these oft-rivals are rediscovering land belonging to the nation's fourth president and using history to bridge the gap between their communities.
"There's always been kind of a disparity. They think we're grave robbers, we think they're overeducated," said | |
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^ a b Lauletta, Tyler (April 16, 2020). "WWE fired dozens of wrestlers and other talent just days after a controversial decision deemed them an essential business in Florida and fans are livid with Vince McMahon". Business Insider. Retrieved 2020.
^ Newby, John (April 14, 2020). "Linda McMahon Under Major Scrutiny After WWE Is Deemed 'Essential' by Florida Officials". CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2020.
^ Browning, Oliver (April 15, 2020). "WWE news: Linda McMahon made political donation of $20m same day WWE declared 'essential'". GiveMeSport. Retrieved 2020.
^ "WWE's Vince McMahon appointed on panel to fix US economy same day pro-wrestling company goes on firing spree". The Free Press Journal. April 16, 2020. Retrieved 2020.
^ "Here's who was laid off by WWE and how they responded on social media". Los Angeles Times. April 15, 2020. Retrieved 2020.
^ McDonald, Scott (April 15, 2020). "KURT ANGLE, OTHER WWE STARS FURLOUGHED FROM CORONAVIRUS IMPACT, WWE FANS SOUND OFF". Newsweek. Retrieved 2020.
^ Heel, N. (August 17, 2020). "WWE Launching 'ThunderDome' At Amway Center This Friday". Heel By Nature. Retrieved 2020.
^ "WWE introducing new state-of-the-art viewing experience with WWE ThunderDome". WWE. August 17, 2020. Retrieved 2020.
^ Lambert, Jeremy (August 17, 2020). "WWE Announces ThunderDome Arena; Enhanced Fan Experience, Residency At Amway Center; First Look Video Shown". Fightful. Retrieved 2020.
^ Staff, WWE.com. "WWE ThunderDome will head to Tampa Bay's Tropicana Field beginning Friday, Dec. 11". WWE. Retrieved 2020.
^ Lambert, Jeremy (November 19, 2020). "WWE ThunderDome Moving To Tropicana Field On December 11". Fightful. Retrieved 2020.
^ WWE.com Staff (October 4, 2020). "Capitol Wrestling Center to be unveiled tonight at NXT TakeOver 31". WWE. Retrieved 2020.
^ Defelice, Robert (October 4, 2020). "NXT TakeOver 31 To Feature The Debut Of The Capitol Wrestling Center". Fightful. Retrieved 2020.
^ Spotswood, Beth. "WrestleMania expected to attract 120,00 fans to Bay Area". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 31, 2015. Retrieved 2015.
^ "WWE Corporate - Initiatives". Corporate.wwe.com. Archived from the original on October 1, 2014. Retrieved 2014.
^ "WWE Network hits 1 Million subscribers -- Thank you WWE Universe!". WWE. Archived from the original on January 30, 2015.
^ "WWE Reaches Multi-Year Deal with NBC Universal for Rights to Raw and SmackDown". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on May 14, 2017.
^ Middleton, Marc (June 21, 2016). "When WWE TV Deals Expire, John Cena Hosting Awards Show (Video), Big E - Jey Uso Swerved Video". Archived from the original on February 21, 2017. Retrieved 2017.
^ Middleton, Marc (November 17, 2017). "WWE and SKY Deutschland sign deal to distribute WWE's premier pay-per-view events and broadcast Raw and SmackDown live on SKY Sports starting in April 2017". Archived from the original on November 18, 2016. Retrieved 2016.
^ "WWE® and DAZN Announce Exclusive Multi-Year Agreement in Japan". Archived from the original on May 8, 2017.
^ "WWE and TV5 Announce Agreement to Televise Smackdown in the Philippines". Archived from the original on June 30, 2017.
^ "WWE and S-Sport Announce Multi-Year Agreement to Televise Raw and Smackdown in Turkey". Archived from the original on August 15, 2017.
^ "Groupe AB and WWE Extend Long-Standing Partnership". Archived from the original on August 14, 2017.
^ "WWE and Supersport Announce Multi-Year Agreement to Televise Raw and Smackdown". Archived from the original on September 13, 2017.
^ "WWE and Foxtel Extend Long-Standing Partnership". Archived from the original on August 13, 2017.
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^ a b "TVA Sports and WWE Announce Broadcast Agreement". Archived from the original on September 14, 2017.
^ "WWE and Sport TV Announce Multi-Year Agreement to Televise Raw and Smackdown in Portugal".
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^ "Facebook and WWE to launch LIVE | |
Folderol
A librarian's weblog on pop culture, the arts, library science, and everything in between.
Hola! Today's links are very geeky. You've been warned. (But they're all really cool! Honest!)
A scientific study has proven that Kansas is, indeed, flatter than a pancake. I think they should test Nebraska next.
The Visible Mars Project is not interstellar, sadly, but instead compares British and American Mars bars. Apparently our Mars bars suck. Why are British candy bars always better?
For people who love roaring fires, but hate dealing with fireplaces: the Eco Smart Fire. Oooh. Ahhh.
Here's an idea for the 2014 Winter Olympics: host it on Hoth! I'd love to see the opening ceremonies.
In the midst of all the recent celebrity deaths (and I'd just started watching Kolchak the Night Stalker, too - RIP, Darren McGavin), the death of Andreas Katsulas, aka G'Kar on Babylon 5, slipped under the radar. He was only 59.
Uncommon Goods has some uncommonly great items, although I can't really afford any of them. Chairs made from rulers and Don't Walk signs, for instance! They also have some sale items for the rest of us, fortunately.
Posted by Jinnet at 2/28/2006 No comments:
Huzzah, we're back! Photos of the adventure are up on Flickr. Most of them seem to consist of sand and sea life. I'm catching up on everything today, so here's a bit of assorted arty stuff.
Literature, part I: is handwriting becoming an endangered art? I wanted to be a calligrapher once upon a time. How was I supposed to know typing class would have been a smarter choice?
Photography: if you were a New Waver or a punk back in the day, you'll love this collection of London bands from the late '70s and early '80s. Siouxsie, Simon, Vanian, they're all there.
Literature, part II: The Little Blog of Murder features five mystery writers from Ohio. How cool is that?
Technology, part I: Tom Baker will be the voice of British text messages for a while. If I could have my messages read by Tom Baker, I'd send myself a lot of missives from Gallifrey.
Art: All 3-D, all the time! Butch R. Cleaver should look into this.
Technology, part II: Is Netflix letting you down lately? You're not alone, evidently. (Bunny has been waiting for the first season of the new Battlestar Galactica for an eon or so.)
Today, as promised: links from others! Thanks, everyone.
From Bunny: "The next evolution of Guitar Hero.... sweet." (We have Guitar Hero at home. It gets played a lot, occasionally with odd headwear thrown into the mix.)
Also from Bunny: a giant keyboard key as a chair. Yes. Really.
From Holly: Lou Ferrigno is now a police officer! Don't make him angry!
Also from Holly: you can see how much houses on your street are worth with Zillow, which uses Google Maps to help you zip around the neighborhood. (Some of the prices are way off, but who cares? It's fun!)
From Zazoo: a film is being made about the defeat of Article XII (familiarly known as the anti-gay ordinance) here in Cincinnati.
From ookee: Sign up your friend - or enemy - to be the next one shot by Dick Cheney!
Found in multiple places: which sci-fi crew would suit you best? I ended up in a three-way tie among Farscape, Deep Space Nine and Firefly; after a tie-breaker question, it was decided that Farscape was the crew for me. "You are surrounded by muppets. But that is okay because they are your friends and have shown many times that they can be trusted." That sounds pretty accurate, frighteningly enough.
Next week we'll be gone on a much-needed vacation. But fear not! We'll be back Monday after next! Possibly with pictures! In the meantime, don't forget that the 3rd Annual All Madonna Only Madonna Night will happen Saturday the 25th at Jacobs. Say happy birthday to Dawn while you're there!
Posted by Jinnet at 2/17/2006 2 comments:
If you could be a book which would torture students through the ages, which book would you be? Apparently I would be Beowulf. Sweet!
If you're searching for more information on the Olympics (because really, the NBC "All-America, All the Time" coverage isn't doing it for a lot of us), the good folks at ResourceShelf have a great compilation of sources.
The latest bad move by Washington: budget cuts would shut down the libraries and informational databases at the EPA. The EPA has so many great internet resources available that have saved me so much time in research that this is almost a personal affront to me.
After last week's link to the floating books at Abu Dhabi, I found a whole site devoted to bookboats! I wonder if one could start a pirate bookboat. Arrrr.
Librarians are trying to solve the Mystery of the Wire Loop which has appeared on a few books. I'm thinking it might be a throwback to the days when books were kept on chains, but feel free to come up with other ideas.
And finally, for the law librarians and/or lawyers out there: be careful what you email, unless you have no worries about job security. Eeesh.
Tomorrow: links from others! The Spooky Librarians are going on vacation next week, so tomorrow's post will be the last for a while. So if you have any good links to share, send them in!
Posted by Jinnet at 2/16/2006 1 comment:
Hey, everyone, it's National Chip Week in the UK! Go eat some fries in their honor.
I've been looking for some decent coverage of the Winter Olympics all week, and now, thanks to Deadspin, I've found a great blog from the Washington Post (of all places). Cheese!Of!The!Day! Woo!
If you're not in Torino, you might consider the Egyptian Marathon this weekend. Bring water.
Spooky stuff: a "Kabbalistic death curse" was placed on Ariel Sharon last year. Apparently one was also placed on Rabin a month before he died. Coincidence?
Seen any all-white bikes leaning about? Ghost cycles are popping up in several cities. It started in Seattle, but now there's a UK outpost as well.
The National Library of Medicine has opened an exhibit called Visible Proofs: Forensic Views of the Body, and it looks pretty spectacular. There are even crimescene dollhouses!
Happy Valentine's Day! In honor of the holiday (and in tribute to the recently deceased Uncle Owen), I direct you to Something Awful's collection of Star Wars valentines. Some are truly great.
If you like Star Wars, you'll also like the story of a stormtrooper in Tokyo. We've considered doing something like this as well. (Yes, Bunny has a stormtrooper outfit. Now we realize why stormtroopers didn't do so well in combat; their uniforms are awfully difficult to move around in.)
If you don't want to be a stormtrooper, how about a superhero? I took the quiz and was told, "You are intelligent, witty, a bit geeky and have great power and responsibility. You are Spiderman." I guess I can live with that.
If you'd rather just gross people out on Valentine's Day, you could send them something from I Heart Guts. I think they're cute, myself, but I'm told that I have a dark sense of humor.
And lastly, some breaking news: scientists are going to test for Joan of Arc's DNA, and due to recent events there's now a handy Visual Hunting Aid for vice presidents. Hee.
Good morning! Are you (or is someone you know) tone-deaf? You can find out by taking the Distorted Tune Test. If you are indeed tone-deaf, you can participate in a study. (I got 26 out of 26. Finally, all those years of music pay off!)
How great is it that there's a whole subgenre of death metal labeled "Cookie Monster vocals"? That's what we always called it, too!
If you prefer your growly death in crocheted form, check out the bizarre and wonderful gallery of Patricia | |
they did in 1911 when first penned:
"When you set out for Ithaca ask that your way may be long, full of adventure and full of instruction. Have Ithaca always in your mind. Your arrival there is what you are destined for. But do not hurry the voyage at all. It is better to let it last for years; and even to anchor at the isle when you are old, rich with all that you have gained on the way, not expecting that Ithaca will offer you riches. Ithaca has given you the beautiful voyage. Without her you would never have taken the road"
Since our last post, Elaine and I have enjoyed our special wedding day among family and friends. We know that wherever our path takes us, we will gravitate towards light, laughter, music, family and friends… a great combo! I'll finish this week with the uplifting sounds of Liam O' Maonlai who honoured us with his presence and his music on our wedding day.
For further information on Waterford Camino, contact Phil and Elaine on info@waterfordcamino.com
Special thanks to… Aisling Gordon for the wedding photos on video, Colin French for the drone footage and editing and to the Hot House Flowers for the music.
Tags: Abbey Travel, all ireland, Athenaeum House Hotel, Audely, Aviva Stadium, bike hire, Camino, Comeragh, Cork, creedon lodge, Crough Woods, cycle touring, cycling, cycling holidays, Destinations Ireland, Dublin, dunmore east, edmund rice, europe, failte ireland, fishing, GB, Greenway, high hopes choir, hurling, Intercruises, Irelands Ancient East, Joe Walsh Tours, leisure cycling, Mahon Falls, Mahon River, reflexion, strand inn, tourism ireland, tours, USA, walking, Waterford, Waterford in your pocket, weekend, weekend cycling, wellbeing, yoga |
Posted in Phils Blog, Uncategorized |
'Where words fail, music speaks'
We make the road by walking it. Some pathways lead to places that leave their mark long after the journey has passed. This place was altogether different. There was something surreal about it, something intangible… beyond words.
Travelling to Auschwitz with 'The Island of Ireland Peace Choir' was memorable on many levels. I've stalled from writing my reflections 'til now as I simply could not find the words. It has left me numb, aghast at the incomprehensible scale of what happened and sickened by the depravity of it all. We paid homage to the fallen in song. Faint notes soared tremulously into the darkened sky.
Normality on return provides its own sanctuary. Life moves on, but, somehow, all is not the same. The residual tremors echo in broken strains within the inner vault. The unfathomable lingers; vivid, compelling… incomplete. This is my feeble attempt to make sense of it all.
We passed through the gates of Auschwitz fearful of what awaited us on the other side. The sun-soaked pavements lulled us unknowingly back in time. Just for that one fleeting moment, the rhythmic cadence of our steps merged in melodic symmetry with those who had gone before us. We were entering a sacred space, a resting place for all too many. Of the 1.3million Jews who had passed through Auschwitz-Birkenau only 200,000 made the return journey. Above us, emblazoned over the steal gates, the hauntingly ironic words "Arbeit macht frei' ('Work makes you free').
Over the next few hours, the horrors of the past would flash before our eyes like splintered reels on an old film – clear lines of red bricked buildings once used as a Polish military barracks, vacant eyes on the many portraits speckled across walls, the shoes, the hair, the cases, emaciated bodies… the sombre emptiness of the gas chambers. There was nowhere to turn!
Our guide pointed to the open air auditorium where a band once entertained the inmates as they passed in and out each day – the starkest backdrop surely to a musical ensemble. The cathartic pull between spectator and performer was palpable even now over 70 years later.
The main task of the orchestra was to play during forced labour or during the march back to the camp. After their recitals, they were required to work with the other prisoners. Musicians had the advantage of being hired as on-site workers which allowed them to assemble quickly once the command came. They had no choice but to acquiesce to the cold dictates of their masters.
Helen Niwinska, violinist in the 'Auschwitz-Birkenau Women's Orchestra' recalls in her memoirs:
"The view from the entrance of the gate was the most depressing. Though we tried to focus on playing, we could not avoid seeing and hearing what was going on. Exhausted by long hours, the working prisoners were brought in, or dragged on the ground for those who could not survive another day of their ordeal."
The first concert took place in January 1941, with seven prisoner musicians. By May 1942, the brass band had over 100 members and the symphonic another 71, an eclectic mix of Europe's finest musicians, all Jewish… all playing for their lives. From deep within, they mustered the strength. Their ethereal sounds rose from the mire. 3 years later, these same musicians were still playing on the train platform in Birkenau as passengers heaved their way to an unknown fate.
One of the hardest things for me to grasp was the weird juxtaposition between life and death, crescendo and denouement, mellowed tones and piercing cries – a strange confluence of opposites. In an odd way, the camps were beautiful; impeccable landscaping, lush greenery everywhere, blue skies, perfect reflections of sunlight, birds chirping. There was a sense of calmness, of holiness even. We were in a hallowed sanctuary and their spirit remained close by. Here, amidst the vestiges of a bygone time, you sensed you were not alone. The hushed whisperings of their mystical airs could still be heard.
The 'final solution' did not just happen by chance. There was a plan, a grand disguise. The shroud of subterfuge was carefully crafted. Men, women and children no longer of value to their Nazi governors were ordered to leave their possessions in carefully delineated open bays and told to remember the number assigned to them. After their shower, they were to be repatriated up the country with their own home and land. The reality; carbon monoxide poisoning on a massive scale. Young and old alike ensnared in a web they knew nothing about.
The trains arrived into Birkenau with military precision every day. An endless chain of carriages crept eerily through the misted wood and ground to a chilling halt. Human cargo, crushed with suffocating contempt, emerged bemused and broken. Up to 5,000 people spewed on to the platform in 2 daily cycles. Mothers clasped their children tightly with unswerving love. And still the band played – their faint strains barely audible amidst the mayhem. Elie Weisel recalls:
"It all happened so fast. The ghetto. The deportation. The sealed cattle car. The fiery altar upon which the history of our people and the future of mankind were meant to be sacrificed."
Work was assigned to Jewish prisoners strong enough to withstand what was asked of them. It was their only hope of survival. The 'Sonderkommandos' oversaw the task of retrieving the bodies from the chambers and burning them in the adjoining ovens or in open air. Sunken heads, bowed and forlorn, doing the impossible. Incense lifted through the veil to somewhere beyond. We paused, then sang our prayer in solidarity with the persecuted:
"Sleep, sleep tonight, and may your dreams be realised. If the thunder cloud passes rain so let it rain, rain down on him… so let it be." ('M.L.K.', U2)
We passed at pace from one barracks to the next, passive observers to an unspeakable truth – no words just silent sighs. Etched onto a shaded doorway, George Santayana's one sentence said everything:
"The one who does not remember history is bound to live through it | |
; qu'à marée basse on peut encore descendre les marches d'escaliers qui sont entièrement conservées ». Il ajoute : « C'est partout de vastes édifices écroulés, des maisons à ras du sol, des murs de clôture éboulés. (...) Les champs sont clos avec des linteaux de porte, des manteaux, des jambages de cheminées, des pierres ayant servi au revêtement des croisées ».
Victor Segalen éprouve la même impression à la fin du dans ce texte datant de 1899 :
Penmarc'h vers le milieu du
Alfred de Kerillis décrit ainsi Penmarc'h en 1844 :
Par contre l'agriculture est alors, si l'on en croit Jean-François Brousmiche, assez prospère : « Partout où l'on a pu défricher la terre sur la commune de Penmarc'h elle produit d'abondantes récoltes de céréales : les froments y sont magnifiques. Sur son territoire, on voit peu d'héritages» qui soient clôturés, à moins qu'ils ne se trouvent sur le territoire de la vieille cité, où les débris des murailles, des maisons, cernent les portions qui sont labourées. Les portions, surtout des terres rapprochées du rivage, qui n'ont que des dunes pour briser la vague dont sans elles on les verrait couvertes, sont bornées par de simples sillons, par une pierre seulement. Toutefois, en 1853, A. Marteville et P. Varin, continuateurs de Jean-Baptiste Ogée, sont beaucoup moins optimistes à propos de l'agriculture locale, écrivant : « Les engrais de mer permettent à l'agriculteur de cette commune de récolter (...) quelque blé ; mais, faute de renouveler les semences, la qualité de cette céréale va tous les jours en s'affaiblissant. Les engrais domestiques sont employés comme combustible. À l'exception de quelques mûriers verts, on ne voit point d'arbres dans cette commune ; les arbres à fruit sont inconnus et il faut aller à plus de quatre lieues chercher les bois de construction. (...) On parle le breton ».
Les mêmes auteurs indiquent qu'à l'époque, pour une superficie totale de , les terres labourables occupent , les prés et pêturages , les marais , les landes et incultes . Ils indiquent aussi la présence de 5 moulins dont 4 moulins à vent (Saint-Guénolé, Kerneil, la Madelaine, Poulguen) et 1 à eau (Keréon).
Le retour d'une certaine prospérité dans la seconde moitié du
Henry Reverdy écrit en 1903 :
La petite cité de Penmarc'h renoue avec la prospérité au cours de la seconde moitié du après deux siècles de marasme économique. Elle le doit à l'essor de la pêche de la sardine et au développement de l'industrie de la conserve : en 1881, Penmarc'h compte sept usines : Garreau (à Kérity), Louis Rolland (de Concarneau ), Cassegrain, Hillerin-Tertrais, Artaud, Châtellier et Moreau (ces cinq derniers cités de Nantes) ; par exemple l'usine Béziers. De ce fait, en l'espace d'un demi-siècle, la population triple, et passe de en 1861 à en 1911.
La fin du est marquée par l'édification du phare d'Eckmühl, haut de et dont l'éclairage porte en moyenne à .
En avril 1872, un rapport du Conseil général du Finistère indique l'ouverture d'une école de filles à Penmarch.
Le drame du et les naufrages du
Ce jour-là, le Préfet du Finistère, Gustave Levainville, vient pique-niquer en famille sur le plus haut rocher de Saint-Guénolé : une vague déferlante emporte sa femme, sa fille et fait trois autres victimes de sa famille. Une croix fut scellée dans la roche pour commémorer cette tragédie ; les complaintes de l'époque s'emparèrent de ce fait-divers et le rocher concerné prit le nom de Roche des victimes ou Rocher du Préfet.
Le une violent coup de vent provoqua un drame de la mer faisant en tout quinze victimes : « Trois chaloupes seraient perdues, deux autres auraient disparu sans qu'on sache ce qu'elles sont devenues. Le Pierre, de Kérity, était monté de huit hommes qui ont tous péri. Sept de ces malheureux étaient pères de famille et laissent entre eux jusqu'à trente enfants qui vont se trouver sans ressources. Une seconde chaloupe, commandée par Bérou, du Guilvinec, compte sept morts. La troisième, nommée Daniel, jetée sur les sables de La Torche par la tempête, a été sauvée sans que les hommes aient péri ».
La réputation de naufrageurs
Guy de Maupassant écrit en 1883, faisant allusion à la réputation de naufrageurs que possédaient les Bigoudens, à l'instar des habitants du Pays pagan :
Ce mythe des naufrageurs est aussi évoqué dans la gwerz Penmarc'h qui évoque le naufrage d'un navire dont l'équipage aurait été abusé par un feu allumé au sommet d'une église. La gwerz dit (en langue bretonne) : « Malloz a raon da Penmarkis, Goulou en noz en ho ilis » ( « Malédiction aux gens de Penmarc'h, Qui ont des feus la nuit dans leurs églises »).
Nous voyons bien, dans ces deux citations, qu'il s'agit là plus de légendes rapportées et de témoignages de l'imaginaire collectif que d'éléments factuels s'appuyant sur des vérités historiques sourcées ou identifiées clairement par des témoignages fiables.
Toutefois Auguste Dupouy évoque dans un livre publié en 1920 un naufrage survenu vers 1885 : « Il y a trente-cinq ans de cela, un vapeur chargé de victuailles vint s'échouer, par temps de brume, au beau milieu des Étocs. Malgré le froid (on était en décembre), malgré la douane (d'aucun disent : grâce à elle), on en fit le pillage en règle, sans scaphandrier. Pendant des semaines ce fut dans tout Penmarc'h une débauche d'ananas, de goyave et de prunes confites. Les coupables furent emprisonnés copieusement. Cela n'a découragé personne.
Le même auteur écrit aussi : « En septembre 1918, à la marée d'équinoxe, des sacs de farine américaine vinrent, par milliers, à la côte. Aubaine providentielle ! Il y avait eu, cet été, des semaines sans pain dans les ports. Hommes, femmes, enfants, vieillards aux jambes flageolantes, mais au regard de rapaces, tout Penmarc'h était sur les roches, avec des crocs, avec des lignes, se démenant dans l'écume et l'embryon. Un douanier ou deux firent mine d'intervenir, de prendre les noms des délinquants. Vaine menace : ils étaient trop !
Les phares de Penmarc'h
Le premier phare de Penmarch fut construit à la pointe de Penmarc'h, dans le quartier de Saint-Pierre, entre 1831 et 1835, et fut en service de 1835 à 1897, date de la mise en service du phare d'Eckmühl le .
En août 1895, un réseau de distribution d'eau potable ouvre à Penmarch.
Le crime de Marie-Jeanne Bodéré
Le , le corps totalement défiguré de Bertrand Bodéré, est retrouvé le matin sur un bas-côté de la route. Son épouse, Marie-Jeanne Bodéré, réputée ivrogne, mère dénaturée, se livrant à la prostitution, etc. est vite suspectée et une perquisition effectuée à son domicile permet de retrouver une jupe tachée de sang. Elle reconnaît finalement, avec la complicité de son amant Jean Le Goff, avoir fait boire son mari plus que de raison chez un cabaretier du village, puis, sur le chemin du retour vers leur domicile, lui avoir fait manger un gâteau empoisonné au sulfate de cuivre, avant de l'assommer à l'aide d'une grosse pierre, et d'exiger de son amant qu'il en fasse autant. Son plus jeune enfant, âgé d'environ un an, est, de plus, trouvé mort d'inanition, faute de soins, le lendemain du meurtre. Marie-Jeanne Bodéré est condamnée à mort (sa peine fut commuée aux travaux forcés à perpétuité par le président de la République Mac-Mahon) et Jean Le Goff aux travaux forcés à perpétuité. Dans le dossier de demande de grâce concernant Marie-Jeanne Bodéré écrit par les magistrats quimpérois pour le ministère de la Justice, il est écrit que son exécution aurait valeur d'exemple « au milieu de ces populations à demi barbares » car il est temps de faire régner l'ordre et la justice dans cette « contrée sauvage » !
Les écoles de hameaux de Kérity et de | |
Articles from April 2020
Dubuque Community School District Launches Free Public Wi-Fi Zones
In order to assist in providing support for students and families needing internet connectivity, the Dubuque Community School District has purchased and installed outdoor wireless access points to provide free Wi-Fi access in parking lots at all 19 school buildings in the district. The district will be adding signage to these locations in the future.
These access points provide free internet access between 6:30 a.m.-9 p.m. daily. District-owned devices issued to staff and students will connect automatically to the district network as they do normally. Users with non-district devices can select the "DCSD-Public" Wif-Fi network. Those utilizing a Wi-Fi zone will be able to do so from their vehicle in order to reinforce appropriate physical distancing efforts.
Locations are as follows:
Alta Vista Campus: Bus Lane
Audubon Elementary School: Staff Parking Lot
Bryant Elementary School: Staff Parking Lot
Carver Elementary School: Bus Lane
Eisenhower Elementary School: Upper Staff Parking Lot
Fulton Elementary School: Staff Parking Lot
Hempstead High School: Bus Lane and Main Entrance (Flagpole) Parking Lot
Hoover Elementary School: Staff Parking Lot
Irving Elementary School: Main Parking Lot
Jefferson Middle School: Rear Parking Lot
Kennedy Elementary School: Bus Lane
Lincoln Elementary School: Bus Lane
Marshall Elementary School: Staff Parking Lot
Prescott Elementary School: Bus Lane
Roosevelt Middle School: Front Drop Off by Library and Rear Bus Lane
Sageville Elementary School: Bus Lane
Senior High School: Bus Lane and Main Parking Lot Near Dalzell Field Ticket Booth
Table Mound Elementary School: Main Parking Lot Near Entrance
Washington Middle School: Parking Lot Near Smokestack
Coronavirus Update: April 29, 2020
FREE WI-FI ZONES NOW AVAILABLE
In order to assist in providing support for students and families needing internet connectivity, the district has purchased and installed outdoor wireless access points to provide free Wi-Fi access in parking lots at all 19 school buildings in the district. The district will be adding signage to these locations in the future.
These access points provide free internet access between 6:30 a.m.-9 p.m. daily. Users can select the "DCSD-Public" Wif-Fi network. Those utilizing a Wi-Fi zone will be able to do so from their vehicle in order to reinforce appropriate physical distancing efforts.
TESTIOWA WEBSITE NOW AVAILABLE
Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds recently announced the TestIowa initiative, designed to increase testing across the state and increase data collection and contact tracing related to COVID-19. As part of the initiative, all Iowa residents are encouraged to complete a short online assessment to assist in prioritizing testing. Learn more about this initiative and take the assessment at www.testiowa.com.
GRADUATION UPDATE
Yesterday, Superintendent Stan Rheingans shared plans with the Class of 2020 to hold graduation on Saturday, June 27, with a backup date of Saturday, July 25, if we are unable to gather in June. The ceremony will be held outdoors at Dalzell Field with social distancing measures in place. READ THE FULL GRADUATION UPDATE.
LEARNING AT ALL LEVELS CONTINUES
As you know, the district continues to provide learning opportunities for all students. These learning opportunities will continue through the remainder of the scheduled school year. While voluntary and not graded, we strongly encourage students to continue engaging in these opportunities as much as possible.
At the elementary school level, resource and handout packets, Seesaw learning activities and even classroom Zoom meetings are keeping students connected to learning.
At the middle school and high school levels, teacher-guided learning continues with students receiving lessons from teachers in many ways, including through Canvas, video lessons, and teachers and students connecting via Zoom.
We encourage our students to keep up the great work and stay connected to learning in whatever ways their individual circumstances allow.
HIGH SCHOOL GRADING
With the Governor's announcement to close schools for the remainder of the school year, we have also been working to determine next steps with grading, particularly at the high school level.
Second semester grades for ALL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS were frozen as of Friday, March 13, before spring break. Students will have the following options regarding grades in these courses:
GRADING FOR SENIORS
Graduating seniors are an important consideration with grading and we remain committed to ensuring that all students on track to graduate will do so. Schools will be reaching out to students and families to discuss any barriers to graduation that may exist.
Seniors may choose to:
Keep the grade earned as of March 13
If this option is chosen, there is no action required by the student.
Work to improve the grade
To do this, students will work directly with the course instructor to turn in late work, resubmit work collected and graded prior to the closure, or retake exams.
Students with grades lower than they aspire to (for example, a student with a B wishing to improve to an A) may work to improve grades by re-submitting work completed prior to March 13.
Seniors will have until May 15 to improve grades.
Seniors with non-passing grades will have until May 15 to remediate to 60% or greater and receive a passing (D-) grade or higher.
Choose to take the class with a Credit/No Credit option
Students may request to change their class to a credit (C)/no credit (NC) option by May 15. Schools will be sending additional guidance on the process for selecting this option.
C/NC courses are not included in a student's grade-point-average, but they will receive credit for the class if a grade of 60% or higher is earned.
GRADING FOR STUDENTS IN GRADES 9-11
Students in grades 9-11 may choose to:
Students in grades 9-11 will have until June 1 to improve grades.
Students in grades 9-11 with non-passing grades will have until June 1 to remediate to 60% or greater and receive a passing (D-) grade or higher.
Incomplete (INC) marks may be given for students in grades 9-11, if warranted based on individual student circumstances. INC marks must be given by June 1, with further extensions given as warranted.
The incomplete option will allow students, including those with Individualized Education Programs, ELL services, or internet connectivity barriers, to work to improve that grade in the Fall 2020.
Students may request to change their class to a credit (C)/no credit (NC) option by June 1. Schools will be sending additional guidance on the process for selecting this option.
Printed copies of these packets will be available at meal delivery sites on Friday, April 24.
With the school-year closure announced by the Governor on Friday, we have received many questions about how families can retrieve student items that remain in schools. We are working on plans that would allow for pickup of these items while also following state and federal guidelines for social distancing to help reduce the spread of COVID-19. We will share these plans as they are finalized. If you need to collect an urgent item from school, such as a needed medication, please contact your school's principal.
CLASS OF 2020 YARD SIGNS
As you know, we are committed to honoring members of the historic Class of 2020. There are many independent companies currently promoting and selling yard signs to recognize seniors. The district is in the process of ordering yard signs to celebrate the Class of 2020 at NO COST TO FAMILIES. We are working on a plan to distribute these signs to each student/family wanting one and will share those details with families as soon as plans and timelines are finalized.
It continues to be our desire to celebrate graduation in some form with the Class of 2020. Knowing that there are many variables as the COVID-19 situation continues to unfold, we are working on various scenarios for holding a celebration. These scenarios are being developed over the next few weeks, and our plan is to provide an update to families on May 1.
Dear Families and Staff,
This afternoon, Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds announced that Iowa schools will remain closed through the remainder of this 2019-2020 school year. In addition to no school during this time, all sports, activities and events are also cancelled. The district learned | |
Thanks to its accessibility and relative affordability (versus, say, Tahiti), the Caribbean has become a kind of…predictable choice for a honeymoon. But before you write Belize off as just another island getaway, know two things: 1) It isn't an island—it's bordered by Mexico to the north and Guatemala to the south and technically part of the Caribbean and Central America (which doesn't really matter except know your geography, dude), and 2) there's no way you're going to have the same experience in Belize as you would in the more touristy islands nearby, like Turks and Caicos, Barbados, or St. Lucia. Not that we're knocking them, but we want something different (and less crowded) for you newlywed types. That's why we put together this handy Getaway Guide for your adventurous honeymoon to Belize.
One of the best things about Belize is that a ton of people aren't traveling here yet. In 2016, 385,583 tourists arrived in Belize; that's significantly less than the 2,181,684 vacationers who dropped by Jamaica, right to the east. Belize also boasts the lowest population density in Central America, with 35 people per square mile—especially appealing if you and your bride really want some privacy to indulge your post-wedded bliss.
The weather is another major plus. While Belize does have a hurricane season, it doesn't typically get as many direct hits as neighboring islands. And while the wet season lasts from June through December, there's a break in late July and August called the "little dry" with weather that mimics the dry season (between February and May). No matter when you go, you'll get an average yearly temperature of 84°F, and consistent humidity around 85 percent—perfect for the beach, but not unbearable.
One thing to be aware of in Belize is safety—the U.S. Department of State warns tourists to exercise caution, as violent crime (including sexual assault, armed robbery, and murder) is common and local police lack the resources to respond effectively. So always plan accordingly. But, that shouldn't stop you from going, but make sure to travel smart and be aware of your surroundings at all times.
Belize is also the only English-speaking country in Central America—perfect if you're not looking to get lost in translation on your honeymoon. But it's home to a number of ethnic groups that have a distinct influence on the culture. About 35-percent of the population is Kriol, descendants of enslaved Africans and English and Scottish log cutters; 34-percent are Mestizo, or a mix of Maya and European; 10 percent are descendents of the indigenous Maya and fall into three groups: Yucatec, Mopan, and Q'eqchi' Maya; and about 6-percent are Garifuna, a mix of West African, Central African, Island Carib, European, and Arawak descent. Not only does that make for a rich, diverse cultural experience, but it makes for really good food. No matter where you are, local ethnic groups offer their own flavors and customs, so make sure to seek those out.
Where you stay truly depends on what you want to do. The international airport is in Belize City, in the north, but you'll want to book it right out of the city. Go to the northern islands, like Ambergris Caye, the largest and one of the most well-known islands in the country, where you can visit the Belize Barrier Reef. If that's too touristy for you, Caye Caulker is a much more laidback option where the main mode of transport is foot or bicycle. Both destinations are home to some of the best scuba diving and snorkeling in the area—especially at Hol Chan Marine Reserve, Mexico Rocks, and Shark Ray Alley—as well as windsurfing, manatee tours, and saltwater fishing.
Northern Belize is off the beaten track, but home to Corozal, a quiet haven with close ties to nearby Mexico, and Orange Walk, the country's fourth largest town, along the banks of the New River. This is a great place to set up camp if you're interested in exploring the rural side of the country and soaking up the varied cultural influences while visiting some of the major Maya landmarks like Lamanai and Cerros.
Down south, you'll find eco-tourist destinations like Placencia, Hopkins, and Dangriga, which have all the charm of old fisherman's villages (and less tourists than up north). Road trip down Hummingbird Highway or visit the world's only jaguar preserve (to celebrate the fact that you won't need a big cat picture for Tinder anymore!). Kayaking, snorkeling, saltwater fly-fishing, and whale shark watching are also top-notch ways to spend your days here.
Head west to San Ignacio Town if you're looking for more of a jungle experience. It's a great home base if you want to go caving in Actun Tunichil Muknal, chasing waterfalls, or exploring ancient Mayan archeological sites like Caracol, Xunantunich, and Cahal Pech. You can also get your nature fill at Noj Ka'ax H'Men Eljio Panti National Park. Learn those pronunciations!
Located in San Pedro on Ambergris Caye, Victoria House is a luxury, beachfront property that practically screams honeymoon (without going overboard). The Reef Romance Package includes seven nights, massages for two, a snorkel excursion to Hol Chan Marine Reserve and Shark Ray Alley, daily meals, a private candlelight dinner by the pool or on the beach, and free use of the hotel's kayaks. It'll cost you between $3,930 and $4,206 depending on the time of year.
Chabil Mar's 7-night Destination Honeymoon packages to Placencia on the southern coast include the seafront honeymoon suite; roundtrip airfare between Belize City and Placencia; all breakfasts, five lunches, and all dinners; a couple's massage; a full-day snorkel adventure, Monkey River Howler Monkey Adventure, Cockscomb Jaguar Wildlife Reserve, and Xunantunich Mayan Ruins excursions; a two-day golf cart rental for exploring the village; and complimentary use of bicycles, kayaks, and paddle boards. Rates start at $5,441 per couple.
Hamanasi Adventure and Dive Resort is tucked between the Maya Mountains and the Caribbean Sea offers luxurious beachfront suites or private treehouses (!). The Honeymoon & Seaside Romance Package includes accommodation, massage for two, a romantic dinner for two, all other meals, round-trip air transfers from Belize City to Dangriga, and your choice of five adventure excursions, like barrier reef diving, jungle hiking, tropical birding, or a night hike through the Jaguar preserve. Your tab will be $2,748 and $3,977 per couple for seven nights, depending on the season.
Head to the western jungle for a three-night stay in the gorgeous San Ignacio Resort Hotel on the hillside of the Macal River. The honeymoon packages includes accommodations; air transfers; daily breakfast; two dinners; a romantic dinner on your suite balcony; aromatherapy massages; a full day tour either cave tubing, zip-lining, or to Actun Tunichil Muknal cave; horseback riding to Xunatunich with a picnic lunch; and access to the on-site iguana conservation project and Rainforest Medicine Trail. Three nights start at $2,760 per couple; you can add on after that.
Stay on your own private island off of southern Belize at Yok Ha Resort, in a beachfront cabana that overlooks the great Belize Barrier Reef. (It's like going to Tahiti without the price tag!) The Honeymoon All Inclusive Package includes air transportation to Dangriga, accomodations, all meals, a candlelight dinner on your private veranda every third night, and free use of the resort's kayaks and snorkel gear. Seven nights costs $3,580 to $4,660 per couple, but you can also shorten or lengthen your stay.
Belize isn't the kind of place you head to if you just want to sit on the beach all day sipping Panti Rippas, arguably the country's most popular cocktail (it's coconut rum and pineapple juice)—although you can do that, because there are plenty of beautiful beach bars and bartenders happy to serve them. Just maybe do that between visiting some of Belize's coolest | |
read it some day."
You may read it some day, although I cannot imagine why. The man will never say or write anything that interests me. His presidency is an illness I hope we can somehow recover from and never think of again.
And still the thing will come crashing down from its own weight, inadequate design, and shoddy construction.
It is amazing how these clever people cannot even do the wrong things right.
Just how screwed up do adults need to be to accept the excuse of a "speak-o" as serious?
James Pawlak said...
The proposal is at the level of "How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?"----Having no contact with reality.
EDH said...
I doubt it; $400k (of taxpayer $!) will buy a nice home and I don't think it can be claimed any longer that he's a complete unknown.
Mark O said...He acknowledges that his work made it possible to keep the actual economic truth from the American public.
That's true, and the conspiracy angle is interesting, but it's unfortunately common for a politician and/or gov. office to act in a way that would instantly land an equivaltent private citizen in jail (or saddle a private company with massive fines). Consider how bills are crafted for CBO scoring, or something as common as how Social Security accounting (or most Fed gov general budget accounting) is done--that shit would land me in jail, but it's business as usual for people who like to tell us how irresponsible and downright immoral the private sector is.
Mrs Whatsit said...
The funny thing is that liberals are defending Gruber -- even though THEY are the voters he means when he says voters are stupid. They are the ones who enthusiastically supported the law. They are the ones who were too dim to comprehend the economic and mathematical chicanery that makes it tick. How many liberals have happily insisted to you that the ACA is a wonderful thing because, for instance, contraceptives are now "free"? Gruber was not talking about conservatives, who were never as stupid as he hoped and have been trying to tell the truth about the law all along.
Now here we are, years later, and along comes Gruber with some truths of his own -- which liberals are still too dumb to understand. They're so used to assuming that they're the smart ones, of course, natch, not like those rethuglican neanderthals, that they've latched on to Gruber's comments as more confirmation of their comfy prejudices -- too dim to realize that they are the credulous yahoos that he looks down on.
"The ACA transfers money from the healthy to the sick so that the sick can have subsidized health care."
I don't mind subsidized healthcare. They didn't have to blow up the healthcare of 300 million people to subsidize 10 million or fewer.
This is all about being too clever by half. They thought they could do this perpetual motion machine style and fool everyone. This is just another leftist project that didn't turnout as they expected.
That's no camera phone footage- there's a tripod involved. While there may be regret his words could help doom his achievement, he's proud of the deception.
He probably had good reason to think the video would remain in the cloistered circle in which he spoke. The fact that it did for over a year is corroborative.
Thank one Rich Weinstein - who lost the insurance he'd been promised he could keep - for putting in the time to dig up the arrogant Gruber clips. So I'm watching the news, and at that time I was thinking: Hey, the administration was not telling people the truth, and the media was doing nothing!"
So Weinstein did the job the corrupt MSM would not do.
Agreed. I'm pretty conservative, but getting me to support expanding subsidized health care wouldn't have been that hard. I know people who, through no fault of their own, need subsidized health care.
It is almost like creating a program to provide health care to the indigent and those with preexisting conditions via a bi-partisan effort wasn't the first priority of those crafting it.
11/13/14, 12:04 PM
Thing is, in my state, we already had a subsidized high risk pool plan. It wasn't the greatest but it wasn't nearly as bad as Medicaid, or going without, either. Yet all the followers around here acted as if it didn't exist.
Apparently there is a 4th piece of Gruber speaking in front of a microphone that will come out soon.
Still none of this on ABCNBCCBS though.
I wait in anticipation for the next shoe to drop.
If this were an anonymous series of links, given the showmanship, I'd think it has the O'Keefe touch.
My personal opinion, and I've spent some time on health policy after I retired from practice, is that we will end up with a hybrid system with subsidies for the poor and for the uninsurable. The rest will go back to private insurance but with reforms to cut cost inflation. One of those will be to go back to a form of the health insurance we used to have 60 years ago. That was a system of flat payments for diagnoses and procedure as an indemnity-style plan.
The way to deal with this is similar to the French system where a health plan funded by payroll deductions pays a flat fee to the doctor or hospital but allows the patent and doctor to negotiate a private arrangement. That way the plan has cost control, but the patient can pay more if he/she chooses to.
The poor can be cared for in another system with an HMO-style program. One of the problems with American health care is that the politicians are determined to conceal the fact that the poor get worse care. That is a big feature of Obamacare. The Middle Class has to be forced into Medicaid.
Well, they are not having it. I fear the reform has been so botched and so many lies have been told that no real reform can happen. we will have to see.
And the thing is, we basically already had a system where the ER had to treat you, and where you cannot go to jail for debts, you go into bankrupcy. We also had a piecemeal of programs for the poor (poor children in particular) to have some sort of insurance.
It sucks to go into bankrupcy for a medical debt, but at least that was some kind of tangible reason to get health insurance. just opening up all health care plans for anyone to jump on with pre-existing conditions is a terrible, terrible plan that will just break everything else. (which may have been the goal anyway).
All of this comes down to liberals having no clue about how incentives work.
White House says Gruber's wrong, attacks GOP
"The fact of the matter is, the process associated with the writing and passing and implementing of the Affordable Care Act has been extraordinarily transparent," White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest said during a press briefing in Burma, according to a transcript provided by the White House.
He added, "It is Republicans who have been less than forthright and transparent about what their proposed changes to the Affordable Care Act would do in terms of the choices are available to middle class families."
Gee, the new Senate & Congress haven't been seated yet - I suspect that when they start working on this, they won't be under the assumption that nobody, especially the media, will be paying attention.
Curious George said: I see that all of the resident lefties have decided to sit another Gruber post out.
Must be waiting for their T-shirt order to come in - the ones that say "I'm With Stupid" and have an arrow pointing to the person next to them.
Certainly not | |
for her lead. She turned right and trotted through a wide walkway, following the wreckage left in the wake of a human stampede. The tang of blood, rich and wicked, grew fuller. Carma increased her pace and ran along the corridor, past the front of a deserted bank and a wall of dead ATMs. The werewolves followed, claws clicking on polished tiles, speeding past empty booths and eager to close with the arisen abomination called Bailey.
The dull splendor of an out-of-focus tempest on the very edge of a dream slowly materialized. The structure solidified into metallic stairs, looming over them in a ghostly spiral. Carma stopped with her paws upon the lower steps and gazed upward, testing the air. The others gathered around her, snouts lifted to the second level. Ian Bryce circled them all, his movements anxious and impatient. Carma ignored him, waiting seconds longer, before deciding to move. She climbed the stairs in leaps, Janice and Nick Dyer on her heels.
A skylight far above them framed a patch of night in a long rectangle as Carma reached the second floor and turned south. The smell of blood hung thick on the air currents like foul portents. Bailey had killed. The werewolf had killed many, judging by the powerful smell filling the mall's upper levels.
She trotted along, on guard, attempting to discern other scents from the blood, trying to separate the individual spices already absorbed in a stew, and failing. So much blood. And it was only getting stronger. The others smelled it as well; its heady aroma quieted them.
Carma turned right at a juncture, the aroma intensifying, and she showed her displeasure in a confession of teeth. The wardens fanned out at her sides, just behind her, in a line of four-legged gunslingers. Their superior hearing picked up a sound, low but steady, like a muffled drum.
A heart.
Relaxed. Sated.
Carma led her wardens toward the ever-nearing heart of the slaughter.
*
And as the werewolf wardens picked up on Bailey's scent and heartbeat, he caught theirs in turn. He lifted his face from the partially devoured slab upon the floor situated behind a wall of wood and glass. The overpowering fragrance of blood made it difficult to detect with certainty, but Bailey could sense danger approaching, different from the previous attackers, with their noisy pipes that stung. Bailey's nostrils flared at the curious blend of flesh and bone and fur. The smell summoned a familiar yet indistinct memory from another time, one he believed he lived in and even ruled. A hazy hunch of long ago, where he'd hunted and killed with those similar to himself. Bailey stood, his jeans drenched in the life juices of the human dead. That time had been with friends, however. Those that approached were not friends. Certainly not like the female called Haley.
They wanted to hurt him.
Perhaps even kill him.
Like the others.
That split his mouth in a snarl. Marble eyes twinkled in the dark as he heard their soft padding, coming closer, invading his territory. Just like the others, showing no respect at all for what he was or what he'd done. Or what he could do.
Talons clenched into frenzied fists.
He went forth to greet his hunters.
### 37
The outer door rattled, jarring Kirk from a session of undiluted self-loathing. He turned and walked back to witness a pair of boots at the door's exposed base. A figure dropped to the cement floor and Morris rolled through the gap.
"The fuck have you been?" Kirk blurted.
"They gone in?" the Pictou warden asked as he sprang to his feet.
Kirk shook his head in wonder at the balls on the _were_. "Yeah, they are."
"So why are you still here?"
"Waitaminute," Kirk held up a hand. "Where the hell have you been?"
"Out walking. Thinking."
"And you decided to join in now?"
"You rather not at all?"
"No time for this shit, man."
Morris studied Kirk with an air of suspicion. "No time, huh? So why are you still here?"
"I was about to change."
"Yeah," Morris said. "I bet. You were all in a hurry. Guarding your girlfriend's panties out here."
Kirk rubbed the bridge of his nose. "You ready to go?"
Morris snorted. "Are you?"
"Yeah."
"Then let's get going." Morris threw off his leather duster and ripped open his shirt. "They're going to need it."
"What do you mean?" Kirk asked.
"Something's been bothering me this whole time," Morris said, pausing. "I mean, this is pretty bad, right? What's happening here. Really bad, right?"
The question hung on the air as Kirk nodded with impatience.
"I've been thinking about who Bailey really is. Whoever he is, he's alone, so he must be pretty badass, right? If he was planning on killing me."
"Yeah, okay, so?"
"Well, then, how come the elders only sent eight wardens to find this guy now that he's reborn? Huh? Why is that?"
"Eight's a fuckin' army."
"Eight's not a fuckin' army," Morris groaned. "Eight's a smokescreen. A show of nothing. The way the world is now? All widescreen and high definition and hooked to the interwebs? This town should be _crawling_ with wardens. Wardens _and_ wolves arriving on planes and driving up in trucks and cars. There's been plenty of time to get them all here. Seriously. Should be a huge fucking convention here with everyone with their noses to the pavement, sniffing out Bailey's ass. But there isn't. Bailey's been on the loose now for a couple of days and the wardens in that mall are all that's coming. That's it, Kirk. Why do you think that is?"
"I don't know. Why?"
"Because someone wants us to fail. The goddamn elders want us all to die."
That struck Kirk cold and senseless. "What?"
"You heard me. I say Bailey was sent to kill me, and I think Bailey is still meant to kill me. These wardens? Enough to get us all motivated, but seriously, we're hunting a fucking monster in there. A monster. The elders know it and they know Bailey is more than capable of killing all of us. Eight wardens? That's nothing. All replaceable. Small price to pay and perfectly acceptable. Especially if it means getting rid of us."
Kirk remained speechless, Morris's rant making a lot of sense.
"That's right, man," the Pictou warden said. "I was right all along. The elders want you and me dead. And it's because of what we did on the Rock. Because of what we ate and what we are. We're something else now. Maybe like what Borland was. And whatever _that_ is, the elders sure as shit don't like it."
All Kirk could think of was Carma, that she might be in danger.
He shrugged off his coat.
### 38
The pack edged closer to the fragrant cave known as the food court. The area reeked of death and cooling blood, blood enough that it almost left Carma dizzy. She couldn't locate Bailey's scent, couldn't smell anything but the rich soup ahead. She'd thought she picked up on his trail but it had evaporated the closer they got to the food court.
A body lay before them, a grim lump marking the outer edge of the food court's vast expanse. Carma slunk toward the carcass, her senses buzzing. A male, not long dead. She lifted her head and peered into the arena before her. Mauled bodies lay strewn about, in dark, unmoving husks, garnishing the place in morbid splotches. A black pool surrounded the body before her and her supernatural sight could easily distinguish where the outer edge of blood stopped and the floor began.
The others halted on her flanks and sniffed the air. Looked and listened. Nothing stirred. The temperature inside the building remained warm and the food court was a congealing tomb. She edged past the body, leaving paw prints in the tepid tar coating the floor. The others spread | |
"Hello?"
"Ed, Dino's got a fix on Macher, and he's at a location not far from Langley. That sound familiar?"
"You bet your sweet ass, it does. I gotta run." He called the airport and ordered up their Cessna 182, then finished packing. He called a local cab to take him to the airport.
—
STONE CALLED DINO.
"Bacchetti."
"I just got a call from Ed Rawls. Somebody has disconnected the alarm at his house in Virginia. I told him about your hit on Macher's phone, and he's on the way down there. I don't want him to walk in on them. Can you call the cop shop down there and get them to check the house?"
"Listen, I can't call out the local gendarmerie in some Podunk place in another state, just because Ed Rawls has a hair up his ass. Does he have a security system?"
"Yes, and it went off this morning."
"If they get an alarm anomaly, somebody'll check it out. I'm not going to get involved."
"Do the Arlington police know where Macher is now?"
"He was in his office an hour ago, when they left."
"Okay, thanks." Stone hung up and Googled Macher's company, then called.
"EMServices," a woman said.
"Erik Macher, please."
"He's out at the moment. Who's calling?"
"A friend. When do you expect him back?"
"It may be a day or two, he said."
"Thanks." Stone hung up and called Rawls back.
"Rawls."
"Macher's office says he's gone for a couple of days. Does he know about your house?"
"He certainly does. He had surveillance on it for several days."
"What's the nearest airport?"
"I'm flying into Manassas. They're picking me up in half an hour to go to Islesboro Airport."
"Tell you what, I'll fly into Manassas, too. Meet me there."
"Okay. Whoever lands first can just wait."
"Right. Are you armed?"
"You bet your ass."
"I'm not licensed down there."
"The rural law tends to look kindly on that sort of thing if you're licensed anywhere at all."
"Okay, Ed, I'll see you when I see you." They hung up.
Stone buzzed Joan.
"Yes, boss?"
"I've got to go somewhere. Please call the airport and have the airplane brought up and refueled, pronto, and tell Fred I need a ride."
"Will do."
Stone hung up and went upstairs to pack a bag. Fred drove him to the airport, and he filed a flight plan for Manassas on the way. The airplane was on the ramp when he arrived; he did his usual preflight inspection, then ran through the cockpit checklist and got a clearance. That done, he started the engines, finished his checklist, and got permission to taxi. There were a few corporate jets ahead of him, and it took another half hour to get off the ground.
The flight time was a little over an hour, so he stayed fairly low, at 20,000 feet, instead of climbing to 41,000. It burned more fuel down there, but it saved time on ascent and descent. The weather was clear at both ends, so he anticipated no delays.
# 55
Jake read one of Rawls's books for a while but felt antsy. It was nice outside, so he went for a little walk. The first nip of autumn was in the air, and there was a hint of color in the trees around the house.
As he strolled around the ample backyard he noticed a pile of dirt behind the garage. Closer inspection revealed a brand-new propane tank set in the hole, and an old, rusty one on the ground beside it. The new tank appeared to be connected, and the heat was on in the house. A backhoe stood beside the hole. Apparently, the tank had been installed and the backhoe operator had left until the plumber arrived to make the connection.
He strolled on until he came to a barbed-wire fence that seemed to separate Rawls's property from the farm beyond. A few dairy cattle grazed beyond that. He felt a hunger pang and wished Macher would hurry up.
On his way back, he inspected the garage, found it unlocked and an old Mercedes inside. He thought it would be a good idea to get his own car out of sight, so he moved it into the garage and closed the doors.
—
MACHER WAS NEARLY to the house when his cell rang.
"Yes?"
It was his secretary. "Someone called for you half an hour ago."
"Who?"
"He said he was a friend, wouldn't leave a name."
"If he calls again, give him my cell number."
"As you wish." He hung up. That wouldn't have been the police, since they had already visited, and a client would have given his name. He considered Barrington as a possibility, but dismissed it as being too far-fetched. He drove on toward his destination.
—
STONE GOT THE Manassas automated weather: the wind was from the south at ten knots, so he called the tower and requested runway 16 and set the airplane down there. He rolled out and taxied back to the FBO, expecting Rawls to come out to greet him, but he didn't show. Probably still in the air.
Inside he requested fuel and hangar space and rented a car. Half an hour later a Cessna 182 rolled up to the FBO, cut its engine, and Rawls got out. Stone met him on the ramp and put his bags into the car, along with his own. Rawls headed inside for the head, then came back and got into the car.
"I'll need directions," Stone said, and Rawls gave them.
"What's your plan when we get there, Ed?"
"Don't have one," Rawls replied. "I don't think we'll just walk in, though. Why don't we stop for a late lunch, then take our time. I'd rather approach the place after dark. If Herman is there, he'll have a light on."
"Makes sense."
Rawls guided Stone to a country restaurant, and they had a leisurely lunch.
"We could pay Lance Cabot a surprise call," Rawls said. "The Agency is ten minutes from here, and we go right past it."
"I don't think Lance and I have anything in particular to say to each other right now." He told Rawls about Lance's disinterest in connecting the CIA explosives to Erik Macher.
"That sounds like Lance," Rawls said. "There was nothing in it for him, so he said no."
—
MACHER PULLED UP to the house in the late afternoon. He didn't see Jake's car, so he approached the house with caution. Jake saw him through a window and opened a door to admit him.
"Where's your car?" Macher asked.
"I put it in the garage."
"Is there room for mine?"
"No, Rawls's car is taking up the other space."
Macher parked next to the house. "Have you had a look around?"
"Yeah," Jake said, "I took a walk."
"Anything unusual going on?"
"There's a backhoe parked behind the garage, waiting to bury a new propane tank, apparently just installed, so tomorrow somebody might turn up to fill the hole. I don't think he'll need to speak to us. Did you bring food?"
"Yep, booze, too. I could use a drink."
"I could use one, too," Jake said, "and something to eat."
They went inside the house, collecting Macher's bag on the way. Jake saw the explosives in the box in the trunk. "Why did you bring the plastique?"
"I wanted to get it out of the office. The cops have searched it once, but I moved it to a dumpster. You never know when they'll come back."
"What did they say about Dan Swenson?"
"That he's expected to recover."
"Did they mention the bomb?"
"No."
"That must mean it didn't go off. What time were they at the office?"
"They left a little before ten."
"So the bomb might still have gone off?"
"I don't think so," Macher said. "I had the satellite radio news on the whole way down here and there was no mention of it."
They went into the kitchen, and Jake heated up a can of chili while they sipped a scotch.
—
STONE AND RAWLS | |
package com.declarativa.interprolog.util;
import java.io.*;
/**
* The <code>StreamTokenizer</code> class takes an input stream and
* parses it into "tokens", allowing the tokens to be
* read one at a time. The parsing process is controlled by a table
* and a number of flags that can be set to various states. The
* stream tokenizer can recognize identifiers, numbers, quoted
* strings, and various comment styles.
* <p>
* Each byte read from the input stream is regarded as a character
* in the range <code>'\u0000'</code> through <code>'\u00FF'</code>.
* The character value is used to look up five possible attributes of
* the character: <i>white space</i>, <i>alphabetic</i>,
* <i>numeric</i>, <i>string quote</i>, and <i>comment character</i>.
* Each character can have zero or more of these attributes.
* <p>
* In addition, an instance has four flags. These flags indicate:
* <ul>
* <li>Whether line terminators are to be returned as tokens or treated
* as white space that merely separates tokens.
* <li>Whether C-style comments are to be recognized and skipped.
* <li>Whether C++-style comments are to be recognized and skipped.
* <li>Whether the characters of identifiers are converted to lowercase.
* </ul>
* <p>
* A typical application first constructs an instance of this class,
* sets up the syntax tables, and then repeatedly loops calling the
* <code>nextToken</code> method in each iteration of the loop until
* it returns the value <code>TT_EOF</code>.
*
* @author James Gosling
* @version 1.36, 02/02/00
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#nextToken()
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_EOF
* @since JDK1.0
* Modified for InterProlog so that it remembers if a number token has or not a decimal point in it;
* also removed deprecated constructor; and fixed a bug on greedy escaping
*/
public class MyStreamTokenizer {
/* Only one of these will be non-null */
private Reader reader = null;
private InputStream input = null;
private char buf[] = new char[20];
/**
* The next character to be considered by the nextToken method. May also
* be NEED_CHAR to indicate that a new character should be read, or SKIP_LF
* to indicate that a new character should be read and, if it is a '\n'
* character, it should be discarded and a second new character should be
* read.
*/
private int peekc = NEED_CHAR;
private static final int NEED_CHAR = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
private static final int SKIP_LF = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1;
private boolean pushedBack;
private boolean forceLower;
/** The line number of the last token read */
private int LINENO = 1;
private boolean eolIsSignificantP = false;
private boolean slashSlashCommentsP = false;
private boolean slashStarCommentsP = false;
private byte ctype[] = new byte[256];
private static final byte CT_WHITESPACE = 1;
private static final byte CT_DIGIT = 2;
private static final byte CT_ALPHA = 4;
private static final byte CT_QUOTE = 8;
private static final byte CT_COMMENT = 16;
private int seendot;
/**
* After a call to the <code>nextToken</code> method, this field
* contains the type of the token just read. For a single character
* token, its value is the single character, converted to an integer.
* For a quoted string token (see , its value is the quote character.
* Otherwise, its value is one of the following:
* <ul>
* <li><code>TT_WORD</code> indicates that the token is a word.
* <li><code>TT_NUMBER</code> indicates that the token is a number.
* <li><code>TT_EOL</code> indicates that the end of line has been read.
* The field can only have this value if the
* <code>eolIsSignificant</code> method has been called with the
* argument <code>true</code>.
* <li><code>TT_EOF</code> indicates that the end of the input stream
* has been reached.
* </ul>
* <p>
* The initial value of this field is -4.
*
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#eolIsSignificant(boolean)
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#nextToken()
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#quoteChar(int)
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_EOF
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_EOL
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_NUMBER
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_WORD
*/
public int ttype = TT_NOTHING;
/**
* A constant indicating that the end of the stream has been read.
*/
public static final int TT_EOF = -1;
/**
* A constant indicating that the end of the line has been read.
*/
public static final int TT_EOL = '\n';
/**
* A constant indicating that a number token has been read.
*/
public static final int TT_NUMBER = -2;
/**
* A constant indicating that a word token has been read.
*/
public static final int TT_WORD = -3;
/* A constant indicating that no token has been read, used for
* initializing ttype. FIXME This could be made public and
* made available as the part of the API in a future release.
*/
private static final int TT_NOTHING = -4;
/**
* If the current token is a word token, this field contains a
* string giving the characters of the word token. When the current
* token is a quoted string token, this field contains the body of
* the string.
* <p>
* The current token is a word when the value of the
* <code>ttype</code> field is <code>TT_WORD</code>. The current token is
* a quoted string token when the value of the <code>ttype</code> field is
* a quote character.
* <p>
* The initial value of this field is null.
*
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#quoteChar(int)
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_WORD
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#ttype
*/
public String sval;
/**
* If the current token is a number, this field contains the value
* of that number. The current token is a number when the value of
* the <code>ttype</code> field is <code>TT_NUMBER</code>.
* <p>
* The initial value of this field is 0.0.
*
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#TT_NUMBER
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#ttype
*/
public double nval;
/** Private constructor that initializes everything except the streams. */
private MyStreamTokenizer() {
wordChars('a', 'z');
wordChars('A', 'Z');
wordChars(128 + 32, 255);
whitespaceChars(0, ' ');
commentChar('/');
quoteChar('"');
quoteChar('\'');
parseNumbers();
}
/**
* Create a tokenizer that parses the given character stream.
*
* @param r a Reader object providing the input stream.
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public MyStreamTokenizer(Reader r) {
this();
if (r == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
reader = r;
}
/**
* Create a tokenizer that parses the given byte stream.
*
* @param r an input stream.
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public MyStreamTokenizer(InputStream r) {
this();
if (r == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
input = r;
}
/**
* Resets this tokenizer's syntax table so that all characters are
* "ordinary." See the <code>ordinaryChar</code> method
* for more information on a character being ordinary.
*
* @see java.io.StreamTokenizer#ordinaryChar(int)
*/
public void resetSyntax() {
for (int i = ctype.length; --i >= 0;)
ctype[i] = 0;
}
/**
* Specifies that all characters <i>c</i> in the range
* <code>low <= <i>c</i> <= high</code>
* are word constituents. A word token consists of a word constituent
* followed by zero or more word constituents or number constituents.
*
* @param low the low end of the range.
* @param hi the high end of the range.
*/
public void wordChars(int low, int hi) {
if (low < 0)
low = 0;
if (hi >= ctype.length)
hi = ctype.length - 1;
while (low <= hi)
ctype[low++] |= CT_ALPHA;
}
/**
* Specifies that all characters <i>c</i> in the range
* <code>low <= <i>c</i> <= high</code>
* are white space characters. White space characters serve only to
* separate tokens in the input stream.
*
* @param low the low end of the range.
* @param hi the high end of the range.
*/
public void whitespaceChars(int low, int hi) {
if (low < 0)
low = 0;
if (hi >= ctype.length)
hi = ctype.length - 1;
while (low <= hi)
ctype[low++] = CT_WHITESPACE;
}
/**
* Specifies that all characters <i>c</i> in the range
* <code>low <= <i>c</i> <= high</code>
* are "ordinary" in this tokenizer. See the
* <code>ordinaryChar</code> method for more information on a
* character being ordinary.
*
* @param low the low end of the range.
| |
Here is a quiz for upcoming Banking, Insurance and Government exams. This quiz contains expected questions which match the exam pattern of Govt Job Exams and other Banking Exams. So make sure you attempt Important Current Affairs Quiz 17th July 2017 to check your preparation level.
Answer: Lewis Hamilton took a dominant victory at Silverstone to tie the all-time record of five career wins in the British Grand Prix.Valtteri Bottas was second and Kimi Raikkonen was third. It was first held in 1926.
Answer: Nickelodeon's 4th Annual Kids' Choice Sports Awards was held at the Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California. Stephen Curry won the Best Male Athlete award, while Simone Biles won the Best Female Athlete. Laurie Hernandez won the awards in Favorite Newcomer, Serena Williams the Queen of Swag and Usain Bolt the Need for Speed categories respectively. Michael Phelps won the Legend Award.
Which organisation will build memorial for Sikh 'Dharmi Faujis'?
Answer: The Shiromani Gurudwara Parbhandak Committee has announced that it would set up a memorial in the memory of 'Dharmi Faujis' – Sikh soldiers in the Indian army who committed mutiny during Operation Blue Star.SGPC had recently decided to set up a gallery on the premises of Golden Temple for the militants and devotees killed.Operation Blue Star was conducted between 1–10 June 1984.
Archaeological Survey of India, Gujarat will put Braille signs outside _____ monuments in the State.
Answer: Sun Temple of Modhera, Rani ki Vav in Patan, Diu fort, Dwarka temple and Jama Masjid in Champaner are among 50-odd protected monuments across Gujarat, which will soon be visually-impaired-friendly. This as Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Gujarat circle, is set to install braille signboards at around 50 monuments in the state for explaining their historical and cultural significance to the visually-impaired visitors.
Which country's postal department has issued stamps featuring Disney villains?
Answer: The US Postal Service honoured the rich legacy of the Walt Disney Studios Ink and Paint Department by dedicating a sheet of 20 "Forever" stamps, featuring 10 classic Disney villains. The Queen (Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs), Honest John (Pinocchio), Lady Tremaine (Cinderella), the Queen of Hearts (Alice in Wonderland) and Captain Hook (Peter Pan), Ursula (The Little Mermaid), Gaston (Beauty and the Beast) and Scar (The Lion King) are the characters that feature on the stamps.
Who will inaugurate the Science Express Exhibition Train on July 18, 2017?
Answer: Union Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu will inaugurate the Science Express Climate Action Special — Exhibition Train through video conferencing from New Delhi. The exhibition train will be at Roha railway station for a day on July 18. It will be on the display at the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT), here from July 19-22.
Nandakishore Kapote who has been conferred with a fellowship by the Department of Culture, Government of India, is a trained ________ dancer.
Answer: Nandakishore Kapote is a trained Kathak dancer. Kapote is the only male senior kathak dancer in the country to receive the honour. Through this fellowship, Kapote said he plans to carry out a detailed study on 'Hand Gestures and Kathak Dance in Abhinaydarpan'. Kapote was earlier awarded with scholarships by the central government, cultural department of Maharashtra, Dr Ambedkar Dalit Mitra Award, Balgandharva Award by PMC, Nehru Award, among others.
Answer: Scientists have discovered a very distant galaxy, some 10 thousand million light years away, which is about 1,000 times brighter than the Milky Way. It is the brightest of the submillimetre galaxies, which have a very strong emission in the far infrared, researchers said.Scientists led by Anastasio Diaz-Sanches from Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT) in Spain used gravitational lensing that acts as a sort of magnifier, changing the size and intensity of the apparent image of the original object.
On July 17, 2017 a new species of ______ crab was discovered.
Answer: Scientists have discovered a unique new species of hermit crab that measures merely 70 millimetres in length and sports a colouration of mottled orange nuanced with cream to white. The newly discovered crustacean is called Paragiopagurus atkinsonae or the 'Green-eyed hermit crab'. The new species was discovered during a three-week survey back in 2013 in South Africa.
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code became operational in ________.
Answer: The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India has powers to start probe against service providers registered with it without intimating them, according to new regulations. IBBI, which is implementing the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, has notified the regulations. The code became operational in December 2016.
Which country will host the G20 meet in 2019?
Answer: The absence of a world-class convention centre and the 2019 general elections have prompted the government to give a go-by to hosting the G20 meeting. Now, Japan will be the host country in 2019 and India will have to wait a few more years till Asia gets its turn.India will have to then compete with Indonesia to be the host.
Bharat Petroleum on July 16, 2017 purchased which two oil platforms?
Answer: Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) has made its first purchase of US oil, buying high sulphur crudes Mars and Poseidon in a tender. BPCL is the second Indian refiner to purchase US Gulf Crude after Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Washington last month when US president Donald Trump said that US is looking to export more energy products to India. BPCL has bought a cargo containing 5,00,000 barrels each of Mars and Poseidon for delivery from September 26 to October 10.
Who won the 2017 Wimbledon Tournament in Mixed Doubles category?
Answer: Martina Hingis clinched her 23th Grand Slam title as the Swiss star and Scottish partner Jamie Murray beat Henri Kontinen and Heather Watson in the Wimbledon mixed doubles final. This was the second Wimbledon mixed doubles title for both Murray and Hingis.
Chinese military on July 17, 2017 conducted military exercises in which region?
Answer: China's military has conducted live-fire exercises in Tibet amid the ongoing standoff between Indian and Chinese troops at the Dokalam area in the Sikkim sector. The People's Liberation Army conducted live-fire exercises in Southwest China's Tibet autonomous region. China and India have been engaged in a standoff in the Dokalam area in the Sikkim sector since 16 June.
Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa went on an official visit to which country on July 17, 2017?
Answer: Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa will be on an official visit to France from July 17- 20 to further strengthen the existing defence cooperation between the the two countries. The areas of cooperation presently include exchanges in the military training courses, mutual visits by the subject matter experts & the joint air exercises.He has also planned to fly a sortie in Rafale.
World Day for International Justice is celebrated on ________.
Answer: World Day for International Justice, also referred to as Day of International Criminal Justice or International Justice Day is an international day celebrated throughout the world on July 17 as part of an effort to recognize the emerging system of international criminal justice. July 17 was chosen because it is the anniversary of the adoption of the Rome Statute, the treaty that created the International Criminal Court. On 1 June 2010, at the Review Conference of the Rome Statute held in Kampala (Uganda), the Assembly of State Parties decided to celebrate 17 July as the Day of International Criminal Justice.
Whom did Harinder Pal Sandhu defeat to win the 2017 Victorian Open squash tournament?
Answer: Harinder Pal Sandhu won the Victorian Open squash tournament held in Melbourne, Australia. He defeated Rex Hedrick. It was Sandhu's 9th title at the PSA level and the 4th of this season after winning 2 in Malaysia. It was also his second title in two weeks after he had won South Australian Open by defeating Rhys Dowling of Australia.
Who won the 2017 Wimbledon Championships in | |
he had the money, which would seem to be the perfectly circular opium dream of an addict in quest of perpetual slow time. Loy's novel about her relationship with Oelze is called Insel, the name she gives to the character based on Oelze. "Insel" is German for "island," and also plays on "tinsel," insubstantial glitter, whilst coincidentally permuting and echoing "Listel," Gysin's adoptive, adaptive Swiss name in the 1930s, his society "calling card." Loy describes Insel/Oelze as "the primordial soft-machine" — the image of the human organism which Burroughs would use many years later and which is now attributed to him. Loy sees this "soft-machine" as pathetically vulnerable to the iron structures of technologically mechanized society, the city with its "atrocious jaws" spitting out food rations "at fixed intervals" to the human hive drones, whilst consuming them. But there is some hope — the "soft-machine" is thrown against "this metal forest of coin-bearing machinery" which "will partially revert to the condition of nature preserved in him, and show patches of moss as if he had projected there some of the verdure rooted in him." The human being is seen as a mechanised organism, socially and cybernetically hooked up to the technological-industrial machine world, the iron grid which is despoiled by the organic intrusion of the soft-machine as it sticks onto the steel of the "universal works" and runs and spreads and covers the structure — like Gysin's scrapbook grids, this describes a process of extrusion in which human magma, the remaining organic material of the robotic body, is inserted into, squeezed through and dispersed across the systematic structures of a scientifically regulated society. Loy began writing the book in the 1930s and it passed through a number of drafts before it was rejected by a publisher in 1961 when Loy was 79 years old. Thirty years later, thanks to Elizabeth Arnold, the novel was finally published. We will never know if Gysin saw a manuscript of this work, either through Loy herself or via Levy or Callas, though that is possible. But the term was certainly used by her, and it may be that although, in Jagger's line from "Memo From Turner," it's the "misbred gray executive" who is "the man who squats behind the man who works the Soft Machine," the person historically "behind the Soft Machine," that is, behind the literary use of the phrase and its significance, may not have been a man at all — it may have been Mina Loy. Word play is significant in the book and the transformation of a phrase produces a shock of recognition. Loy turns Insel/Oelze's "Sterben — man muss" ("Die, one must") into "Man muss reif sein" — ("One must be ripe") and suddenly Insel sees "me for the first time." Gysin would have appreciated that permuted linguistic epiphany and the artist's shocked recognition of a previously unknown, unsuspected self.
Get out of the Blue Frigidaire and Live
Gysin's grids are not regular, and their units are not evenly spaced — rather, they are shifting, unstable, skewed, spatially ambiguous. Even when the "blueprint" is seemingly, roughly symmetrical, the added elements are quite asymmetrical, while the black grid lines bleed and blot, and, though rollered, are simultaneously, declaredly hand-made — it's the liquefying grid as Soft Machine, the interface of the biological and mechanical, the systematic and the intuitive. These grids are quite distinct from those of geometric minimalism and conceptual formalist art — they are paradoxical structures in which the photographic and calligraphic and printed elements are "dropped in" or strewn across the layered grid, to become free-floating signifiers in an emergent space — felt connections rather than fixed, defined, categorized. These grids may be "mechanically" rollered, but they are actually allied in their painterly effects to the calligraphic gesture — the intersecting lines are broken, tilted, blotted, blurred in superimposition. They invoke both the newspaper format and buildings under construction, or in ruins, which in the Beaubourg pictures is made quite specific, and yet the formal resemblance is continually undone, unmade, and spills over. As with Antony Balch's superimposed modern building facades shaking out of alignment, and film of Gysin moving his roller-painted paper skyscraper city around, the building as material edifice of the New American France of the 1950s and '60s becomes destabalized and dematerialized in Gysin's grids. His description of his grids as "jungle gyms" suggests the multi-dimensonality and exuberance of the form, though they connote, too, the subversion of the philosophical and ideological systems serving capitalism — the grids of Structuralism. Gysin's grids, permutations, and systems are antithetical to Structuralism — he plays with notions of regularity and closure, control and signification, only to open up and splinter and deface the system, encouraging and playing with the feedback, going with the chaos and flow, the movement and light which cannot be contained. Dreamachine cylinders are themselves grids with systematic patterns of cut apertures — it is literally the cutting-through of the grid, the grid rolled into 3 dimensions and set in motion, the grid disappearing before our eyes, the structure turned into flickering light, becoming the plenitude of images in the psyche. The concrete and glass and steel grids of the new dream "machine city" were going up in Paris as well as in Tangier — "They are rebuilding the City." / "Yes… Always… " The commodified, streamlined, Americanized culture of the New France was spreading along with the new cultural science of Structuralism which actually represented and embodied that technocratic culture whilst claiming quite otherwise. Kristin Ross, in her seminal guide to this period, Fast Cars, Clean Bodies: Decolonization and the Reordering of French Culture (1996), writes that
Structuralism was nothing more than the infusion of technocratic thought into the intellectual field… After all, structuralism's concern was the ordering of objects, not the criticism of their function. The idea that society was composed of agentless structures helped reinforce people's growing sense that the future was not in their control, or that it would play itself out as a kind of slow petrification, that their life was defined by lifeless, meaningless, and unchanging bureaucratic structures ruled by no one… Structuralism was the ideological handmaiden to the social caste or class represented by the jeune cadre: its ideological legitimation, its intellectual veneer.
Burroughs and Gysin employed structural processes and a quasi-scientism for their own subversive purposes, and their polemical pitch cannot be misunderstood. In Naked Lunch Burroughs had already parodied the mixmaster housewife, obsessed with gadgets, shrilling her super-cleanliness complex in her contaminated duplex, exemplar of Elsa Triolet's The Age of Nylon. This techno-consumerism was inseperable from ideological brain washing, just as commodification fuelled the economics of war, and these are desecrated and ridiculed in the Third Mind scrapbooks, in which the Frigidaire "cold spot" in every dream home is replaced by the "hot spot" of the Dreamachine — the built-in obsolescece of White Goods replaced by the psychic continuum machine. The connections between Burroughs and Gysin and deconstruction are there in the 1960s, but Derrida's reworking of the notion of presence in the sign takes us away from the Third Mind, not closer to it — they didn't want to serve the state by analyzing its functions, and neither did they want to philosophize about philosophy, or debate absence and presence in the sign. Instead — "Blitzkreig the Citadel of Enlightenment!" They saw French philosophers and artists and critics as agents of capitalist domination, and their own machine processing was directed against the academies, the techno engineering class, the bourgeois family, the conveyor belt production of obsolescent junk, and the burgeoning electronic communications companies. They were esotericists as exoterrorists. Gysin and Burroughs distinguished themselves from the Situationists, despite Debord's | |
power to make us leave her space when we come over to visit. "G'bye!" she yells cheerfully, slamming the front door on our heels. "Thanks for coming!" she calls out from behind the closed door.
I still think about one of the few older Listserv members who wrote to me. She was in her late twenties and hadn't gone to college, because she felt like she had to take care of her younger brothers, both with autism. Her parents couldn't handle them, she said. She described herself as depressed and having no friends. She had spent all her time taking care of her brothers, so she'd never cultivated any hobbies or friendships. She hadn't had the time for a job, since she was looking after the boys, and so she had no work experience outside the home. While it seemed possible that she could have earned some kind of living from this situation, she said her parents kept the money that the government paid each month for each boy's disability. And at the time of her last posting, her parents had started charging her rent.
This woman was totally paralyzed. What could I say to someone like her? "You need to have your own life if you want to be a healthy caregiver for your brothers," I wrote. "And if you want to take care of them, that is a choice you have to make. You have all kinds of choices." "I can't. I don't," she wrote back. "Nothing changes." She stopped writing. Her story kept me awake at night. It made me think about how I used to believe I was supposed to take care of Margaret when we were older, an idea that made me feel like I couldn't breathe. It was only now becoming clear to me that that scenario would be unlikely, and I was grateful for this, because I knew how unhappy it would make me, and I suspected that Margaret would not like it any better.
So, what, then, were my answers? What was my truth? I was not trapped like that woman was. But I was not untrapped. I had some kind of obligation to my sister, although I wasn't quite sure what it was. Margaret had a home and family and people who cared for her. But it wasn't perfect, either. It didn't make a good newspaper story, like the kind of newspaper feature I seemed to read once a year about how some kid with autism was doing great in school, so great, in fact, that he was in the "regular" classroom and was even making friends with his "normal" peers. And how these normal kids were sensitive, compassionate children whose teachers said they were better kids for having quirky little so-and-so in their classroom.
I couldn't read those stories anymore. They made me angry, because they usually focused on attractive, high-functioning children. Kids with autism who scream for hours and throw themselves down on the floor over and over don't interview well. Neither do the ones who grind their teeth, spit on people, bite themselves, and wet their pants right after you take them to the bathroom, like the kids I worked with when I volunteered in Margaret's classroom during high school. But these are the realities for so many autistic children—daily, difficult realities for them, for their parents, and for their siblings.
Here was another not-so-good story: the forty-year-old autistic woman who kept getting fired for pinching people and screaming at work. Or, on the flip side, a forty-year-old woman who couldn't find a job, because there didn't seem to be any companies that were big-hearted enough to hire someone who needed a lot of support at work so that she wouldn't pinch people who talked too much or go to pieces when the paper shredder crapped out. This was my sister's current hard reality.
In the grand scheme, I knew Margaret had a difficult life. But I also knew she had a good life. She had kind people taking care of her, and she had dedicated parents. She had a home of her own, and she had friends. She was a Special Olympian and a medal winner, too, by God. However, none of this would have been possible without years of effort from my family and her teachers, or without the daily attention and dedication of the staff members at her house. And none of it came without a cost. I knew that the sacrifices my family made—that every family makes—were incalculable.
I read more books about autism, and I wrote. I started to understand how early in my life Margaret's autism had changed me. She and I were two of five kids, and even though the other three were closer to her in age, it was me who turned around to wait for her when the rest of them ran toward the playground. While our siblings sprinted for the swings, Margaret sat on the picnic blanket, staring down at what seemed like nothing, not wanting to go with us, not even seeming to notice that we were there. I stood there on the grass between her and the others, not knowing if I should go forward or back.
Now I had begun to untangle the threads of my own life from what I remembered of our dual one. I wanted to wind them onto a new loom in my attempt to make sense of who I was and how autism had shaped me. I also wanted to see Margaret's life for what it was—separate, complete, whole. Autism was a red hammer, a blue hairbrush. It was rage and tears that somehow left room for joy. It was many things, but one thing was certain—autism was never going away, at least not from our lives.
At the end of that fall, I understood that the story didn't have an ending yet. Autism was still taking my sister and me on a journey. It was those miles and years and mountains that we had traveled—Margaret because she didn't have a choice, and me because I was choosing to try to know her. I began then to understand that I was choosing something in a way I'd never been able to as a child. I knew we both had a long way to go, but nobody gets out of here alive anyway. I didn't know what I thought I had to offer her exactly, as a sibling. I was not the most patient person in the world, and not always as kind as I would like to be. I was no expert on autism or on what Margaret needed to feel more at ease in the world. But I was family.
I remembered a story my grandmother had told me. When I was three years old and too young to remember, I came back to the picnic blanket and took my sister by the hand. "Come on, honey," I said. "Let's go swing. It'll be fun."
That was all I had to go on, and it had to be enough.
**6.**
**the sheep is between the table and the hamburger**
_It is not essential to have a special gift of cleverness to be someone with whom others are delighted to talk. An ability to express interest in another person and to express your own thoughts and feelings clearly and simply is sufficient for ordinary conversation._
— _On Expression_ , EMILY POST'S ETIQUETTE
**"W** HY DON'T YOU shut up?" I heard my big sister mutter, and then she looked at me out o"f the corner of her eye. My face was red with embarrassment and shame, but something more complicated, too. Regret, the desire to be understood as a better person, or the desire to have actually | |
"DOWN TO EARTH"
(2001) (Chris Rock, Regina King) (PG-13)
*Heavy
Comedy: A black amateur comedian tries to win the girl of his dreams and a comedy gig after being mistakenly called to Heaven too soon and then returned to Earth in the body of a rich and much older, white Manhattan mogul.
Lance Barton (CHRIS ROCK) is a black bicycle courier and aspiring comedian whose material isn't that funny, much to the dismay of his seasoned comedy manager, Whitney Daniels (FRANKIE FAISON). Nonetheless, Lance wants one of the coveted amateur spots on the last night of operation for the famed Apollo Theater.
Unfortunately, he doesn't get that chance when a Heaven sent emissary, Mr. Keyes (EUGENE LEVY), accidentally calls him up to Heaven decades before his time. Not surprisingly, Lance is none too pleased by this development and gets Keyes' boss, Mr. King (CHAZZ PALMINTERI), to return him to Earth. Since his old body is no longer available, however, King temporarily puts Lance into the body of Charles Wellington, one of the richest, but most ruthless businessmen in America, who happens to be white.
Although Lance still appears the same to himself, everyone else - including Cisco (MARK ADDY) the butler and Wanda (WANDA SYKES) the maid - still see him as Wellington, but wonder if he's gone off the deep end with his new and bizarre behavior. Even more troubled are Wellington's wife, Amber (JENNIFER COOLIDGE) and personal assistant, Winston Sklar (GREG GERMANN), who are not only having an affair, but were the ones who tried to poison him, thus making his body available to Lance.
As Lance quickly learns all of this, he also meets Sontee Jenkins (REGINA KING), a woman who's set out to disrupt Wellington's life after he's announced plans to privatize a community hospital. Lance is immediately smitten with Sontee, but all she initially sees is a mean, older white man who's public enemy number one.
Soon, Lance sets out to correct Wellington's past mistakes and woo Sontee, all while still trying to land one of the amateur comedian gigs at the Apollo and keeping Keyes and King from ruining all of those plans.
If they're fans of star Chris Rock or anyone else in the cast, they just might.
For language, sexual humor and some drug references.
CHRIS ROCK plays a bicycle courier and aspiring comedian who's called up to Heaven before his time. Returned to Earth in another body, he sets out to play a closing date at the Apollo Theater, right the wrongs of the last inhabitant of the body, and win the heart of Sontee. He uses some profanity.
REGINA KING plays a woman who meets and eventually falls for Lance after he's taken over that body from a ruthless businessman who planned to privatize a community hospital.
MARK ADDY plays Lance's butler who questions his boss' sanity when he sees him apparently talking to no one (when he's really talking to Keyes or Mr. King).
EUGENE LEVY plays an angel who pulls Lance's soul from his body too soon.
FRANKIE FAISON plays Lance's seasoned comedy manager.
GREG GERMANN plays the wealthy man's scheming assistant who's having an affair with his wife and plotting to kill him with her.
JENNIFER COOLIDGE plays that wife who's having an affair, involved in the plot to kill him, and then tries some kinky things to win him back (but fails).
CHAZZ PALMINTERI plays the head angel as envisioned as a Vegas-style club manager.
WANDA SYKES plays one of businessman's maids who grumbles about her boss (and uses some profanity and disparaging remarks) until Lance takes over his body and pays her more money.
Here's a quick summary of the content found in this comedy that's been rated PG-13. Profanity consists of at least 12 "s" words, various other expletives and many colorful phrases (that collectively occur in several rap songs that play on the soundtrack).
Some sexually related dialogue and jokes are present, while a married woman fools around with her husband's personal assistant (comical passionate kissing and groping, etc.). She later tries to win back her husband by offering him a m�nage a trois, as well as wearing tight-fitting and revealing clothing.
Various comical instances of lethal, but not graphic violence are present, including an assassination, several instances involving vehicles, suicide, and an accident. Other non-lethal violence is also present, and various characters have varying degrees of bad attitudes. Beyond that, various characters drink and some jokes are made about drugs or drug use.
If you're still concerned about the film and its appropriateness for yourself or anyone else in your home who may want to see it, we suggest that you take a closer look at our detailed content listings for more specific examples of what's present in it.
Lance and Whitney have beer in front of them.
People have drinks in Heaven (staged like a swanky club).
King carries a martini.
Sklar and Mrs. Wellington have martinis.
Lance and Cisco have beer.
People have drinks in a comedy club.
Lance jokes that he (as Wellington) must have been taking Ecstasy when he made a previous business decision.
Cisco brings beers for Lance and Whitney. Moments later, with him not believing that Wellington is Lance, Whitney tells him, "I don't know if it's drugs you're taking, or drugs you need to be taking." Lance then convinces him who he is by reminding him of the time when they got drunk and were so drunk that they thought some girls were transvestites. Later, Lance jokes that he hasn't met God, but that the "Devil's got some good weed."
Sontee, Lance, Whitney and Cisco have beer in front of them.
People have drinks in a comedy club in several more, separate scenes.
People celebrate with champagne after a comedy performance.
When Sontee tells Lance that she's in medicine (as an occupation), he jokingly asks if she's a drug dealer.
We see Wanda mixing a martini in a car.
Lance accidentally hits Sklar in the face with a golfing back swing, causing the latter to have a bloody nose.
Some viewers might not like the film's portrayal of Heaven as a swanky club.
Most of what's listed below is portrayed/played out in a light, comedic sense rather than in a realistic/malicious fashion.
Patrons heckle and boo Lance during his standup comedy routine.
Sklar and Wellington's wife have both for having an affair and attempting to kill Wellington via poisoning.
Wanda and another maid are bitter toward the Wellingtons.
Sklar tells Lance that they could call their "problem solvers" and take care of Sontee (and that they could kill her dog), but Lance wants no part of that.
After Cisco and Lance arrive in a comedy club where most of the patrons are black, Cisco asks Lance (who appears white to him and everyone else) whether this is a good idea since "it's a little dark in here."
A miscellaneous man tries to rob Lance at gunpoint.
An older man on the company board suggests that they just kill Wellington and be done with it, and we later see an assassin who's out to kill Lance/Wellington.
Some may not like Wanda wearing a fur coat, while a protestor pours paint on that coat.
We see a man preparing a sniper rifle that he's planning to use on Lance/Wellington.
Unseen guns: Fired at a rap concert and evidently responsible for a person or several people's deaths (we never see them).
Handgun: Used by a man in an attempt to rob Lance.
Sniper Rifle: Used to shoot a man dead.
Knife/Switchblade: Defensively pulled out by Wanda when a man is shot.
Phrases: "Bullsh*t," "Cheap sh*t," "What kind of cold ass sh*t is that?" "Get your ass off the stage," "You suck," "Where the hell am I?" "Go to Hell," an incomplete "What the�" "Whip your ass," "Freakin," "Who the hell does she think she is?" "Stuck up bitch," "Cheap ass," "Freaks," "Holy crap," "Screwed up," "You're damn right," "You cheap bastard," | |
it was soon apparent that his end was near, and he died a the time above stated. His brother in New York was telegraphed of his condition on Friday and reached here on Sunday [illegible]. The deceased was buried on Sunday afternoon. He was at one time possessed of a good deal of property, but squallered it. For a number of years past he has been employed as a bookkeeper in this place and Hannibal. He was one of the best bookkeepers and most accurate accountants that ever had charge of a setbooks, and but for alcohol would undoubtedly have been an honorable and useful member of society.
Someone entered the residence of Mrs. S. Gray on Friday night last and stole three napkin rings.
Barry Adage, August 4, 1877 p. 1, c. 4.
S. Kirtright's two sons are contained to the house by sickness. They both have the consumption.
S. Kirtright has removed his meat market to the west room of the new row on the north side of the square. He has a good location and has things fixed up in first-class order.
Barry Adage, August 11, 1877 p. 1, c. 4.
E. W. Baker will read col. Ingersoll's lecture entitled, "the Liberty of Man, Woman, and Child," in the Park on Sunday afternoon at 3 o'clock. All are cordially invited.
Barry Adage, September 1, 1877 p. 1, c. 2 and c. 3.
M. Widby and family have gone to Missouri on a visit.
Barry Adage, September 1, 1877 p. 4, c. 1.
TO ALL HONEST MEN
A. C. Baker being duly sworn on [illegible] in the month of April 1877. A. C. Hollembeck, J. M. of the city of Barry, county of Pike and State of Illinois, came to the said A.C. Baker of his own free will and accord, and without any solicitation on the part of the said Baker, and said to him, the said Baker, that inasmuch as he the said A.C. Hollembeck has held the office of Post Master in the city of Barry for many years and that [illegible] said Baker having generously withdrawn in favor of the said Hollembeck when he needed the [illegible] of said office much more than he did at this time, be the said Hollembeak, thought it [illegible] of duty in him the said Hollenbeck to resign the office in favor of him the said Baker. Said deponent [illegible] for their says that sometie afterward-when G. W. Chrysup became an applicant for the appointment of the office, said Hollenbeck informed the said Baker that Mr. Chrysup and his friends contend that for him to resign in favor of said Baker was making an unjust distinction in favor of said Baker and against Chrysup and that they were bulldosing him and threatening to injure him in his business, and on that account the said Baker informed Mr. Hollenbeck that he was not the man to hold a friend to a contract that would injure him and that he might assure Chrysup and his friends that he, Hollembeck, would send in his resignation without designating his successor, although at the same time he expected said Hollembeck to write the department that he was willing to be superceded by the said A.C. Baker. Said deponent further sais that the said Hollembeck gave the said Baker the privilege to a pledge his word as a gentleman [illegible] the friends of Hollembeck that the facts were as above stated. Said deponent further says that in consequence of said Hollembeck he said Baker, and his friends spent time and trave to secure his appointment to said office. Said deponent further says that said Hollembeck has now in the public papers repudiated his promise and makes an amusing effort to throw the responsibility on the patrons of the office. And further the deponent sayeth not.
A. C. Baker
Rev. H. D. Clark of Pittsfield delivered a very able temperance lecture in this place on Monday evening last.
William Clark, who had a horse stolen a short time ago, received a telegram from Mt. Sterling on Wednesday stating that the horse and thief were at that place.
Barry Adage, September 15, 1877 p. 1, c. 4 and c. 5.
Milford Widby is very sick with typhoid fever.
The celebrated trotting stallion Col. E.D. Baker will trot agains time for a purse on Whittleton's track tomorrow (Saturday) afternoon at 2 o'clock. Other fast horses will also be there.
Barry Adage, September 22, 1877 p. 1, c. 4.
Mrs. C. Johnsons is visiting Missouri.
Dr. Baker will enter one or two steppers at the Pittsfield fair.
Tom. J. Widby has gone to Chicago to attend law school.
J . W. Johnson and Ed Dooey are to speak in City Hall on Saturday night.
They are going to build a new school house up at Baylis.
One of Dr. Baker's horses took second money at Pittsfield races on Tuesday.
Barry Adage, October 13, 1877 p. 3, c. 1.
Milford Widby is improving.
Barry Adage, October 20, 1877 p. 1, c. 3 and c. 4.
Floyd Gray has become a commercial traveler, having secured an engagement with H. Abbott of Naples, Floyd is a good boy and we wish him every success.
Drs. Baker and McKinney performed a surgical operation on a little four-year-old son Sam. R. Watson on Monday. The little fellow has been suffering for some time with a sleep iliac abcess.
We understand that [illegible] good prospect for an appropriation being made to cut down the [illegible] on the Hannibal and Naples Railroad. The [illegible] news of the line is constantly increasing and the reducing of the grades will soon become a matter of necessity.
COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS
Council met pursuant to call on Thursday evening, October 11, 1877; all members were present; G. W. Doyle presiding. Journal approved.
Bills to the amount of $199.60 were allowed: Finance Committee instructed to report on finances at the next regular meeting.
The clerk was ordered to notify persons living in block 36 to open alley running north and south in said block within five days, under penalty of law.
On motion by M. Widby all public work (except working poll tax) ordered suspended until further orders.
William Harris applied for permit to run a pool table; on motion label.
Council adjourned to first Tuesday in November.
WARREN LYONS, City Clerk
Barry Adage, November 24, 1877 p. 1, c. 4.
Geo. W. Crow and Miss Jennie Widby were married at the residence of the bride's parents on Wednesday evening.
Barry Adage, December 2, 1877 p. 1, c. 6.
Jas. Johnson of Johnson Brothers has been in Chicago this week, buying goods.
Barry Adage, December 22, 1877 p. 1, c. 3.
Isaac Baker an old citizen of Kizer creek vicinity, was buried last Sundy
The wife of Charles Johnson, residing a little east of town, died of consumptions last week.
Rufus Johnson living about 3 miles south of this place, lost a valuable horse last week. The animal jumped into a neighbor's field and someone tied a bush to its tail. It was found with its neck broken, having fallen into a ditch in its fright.
Names of those who received blue cards at the last examination.
High School -- Harry Tilbe, Joseph Dabney, Cora Doran, Ernest Gard, J. L. Booth, Francis McTucker, Dora Shearer, David Green, Calvin Dabney
Second Grammar School -- Ada Sutly, Grace Clark, Mary Triplett, Augusta Ray, Jennie Bull, Mary Hull, Owen Harvey, Selwyin Yancy, Dell Baker Alice Ray, Della Whittleton, Lizzie Sewell, Lillie McIntire, Eddie Claudy, Willie Clark, Lewis Clark, Willie Starks, Alice Lock, Edwin Orebaugh.
First Grammar -- Hattie Mitchell, Katie Woodard, Gussie White May Rowand, John Conboy, Charles Swan, Flora Harvey, Ollie Strubinger, Lillie Talbert, Anna Brewster, Fanny Allen, Mamie Watson.
Second Intermediate -- Mary Fitch, Nellie Blodgett, Bruce Harvey
First Intermediate -- Almeda Bedwell, Jennie Chrysup, Anna Terry, Anna Allen, Nora Ware, Golden Clegg, Newton Harvey, Orie Emerson
Barry Adage, December 29, 1877 p. 1, c. | |
Judicial Election Proccess
This article helped me to better understand the American judicial system and the election process of judges. The commission needs to know that whoever is selected is truly qualified to hold the position. The selection commission usually meets twice in the selection process, and the public is encouraged to attend both of the meetings. The commission usually asks the public for comments regarding the applicants' qualifications at the beginning of each meeting. Afterward, the commission talks each applicant. (Berman, Jonathon, 2009).
Judicial meetings are held to allow the people to have their say, to choose the person who is best for the position of judge. What happens when it comes time to select a judge? Who is the right person? It is a big deal because the judge has the final say in the courtroom. What happens in the court room makes a difference in society. It is important for people to choose a judge who is able to run a fair court room. Many judges are selection by partisan election. Why don't all states use partisan election? One reason is that lots of money is involved in the merit selection system.
Elections for judges cost in the millions of dollars. Where does all that money come from and go is a fair question? (Berman, Jonathon, 2009). People are concerned with various kinds of issues that judges at the state levels hear. Voters can be mobilized by a number of states use non-partisan election to select their judges. This process is due to people talking about an unpopular judicial decision that will come out and vote for many various candidates running for various types of judicial positions. There are a lot of pressures on judges regardless of the election system.
I believe this is being very destabilizing to our justice system. In rural areas, the election system has not been so bad, but has been a true disaster in urban areas of the United States. In many states there are several contested judicial elections which cause problems in the election process. Many times citizens are asked to choose relative merits of judge applicants whom they have never heard of. The people had no other que than a party label. If it had been non-partisan, the voters would probably have merely chosen the shortest name. If there is one judge in a county, elections work pretty well.
If there is a huge number of judges there are many problems that arise. I think in the long run, at open elections, particularly judges with a party label, make judicial applicants behave less how we want judges to behave and more like legislatures in robes (Berman, Jonathon, 2009). Judicial selection in the United States today, given how the people perceive what judges are doing, and given the dispute in this country as to the proper role of judges, is political. People, educated or uneducated, sophisticated or not, are largely divided into two schools of thought as to what judges ought to do.
What is the proper scope of the judges' authority? There is the traditional approach to judging that is advanced by conservatives. According to the traditional approach, judges are to interpret statutes of the Constitution by attempting to discern the original understanding of the drafters or radifiers. There is very little latitude in this approach for philanthropy. The judges' roles are important, but constrained (Berman, Jonathon, 2009). The other proposition advanced by liberals supports a more aggressive role for judges.
This model sees judges with much more warrant to make policy in politically contentious areas, such as, the death penalty, affirmative action, abortion, religion in the public square, sexual liberty, same sex marriage and the like through vehicles such as living constitutions and uninumerated rights. We cannot truly ignore that selection is political. Society wants a person who agrees with them in a proper role of a judge. This idea cannot be wished away in any effort to construct a judicial selection system that acts as though this is not the current state of affairs.
The merit selection approach, which asserts that all we have to do is to find the best qualified lawyers and make them judges asks us to operate as if there is no problems in the selection process. I am not in favor of merit selection even though it has a highly appealing title. I am an advocate of popular election of judges. With the elections being full of robust issue debate, there are problems with the election of judges due to voter ignorance and voter misdirections by partisans. I think that at least the public election system acknowledges there are problems in the election process of judges.
Rather than having elites of one sort or another operating in government and making the decision, judicial selection gives the choice to regular lawyers (Berman, Jonathon, 2009). We live in a time where it is condescending to look to regular lawyers as decision makers, but I think this attitude should give us cause, because the notion citizens can make wise choices is at the very heart of our system of government. I think upon close examination, even merit selection advocates would have to admit that the favored system in practice is driven by politics. The difference is this.
In merit selection, the politics are driven underground, where the politics of elections are pubic and obvious. Merit selection does not remove politics from the process. It just makes the politics harder to unearth, as it is hidden from public scrutiny and voter reaction. Merit selection is always layer dominated. I think that those who advocate merit selection, political seems to be code for having the people involved in the selection of their judges. I am not persuaded that the reputation or quality of state courts suffer because the people have that choice.
I have not found any evidence that states with merit selection have better traditional decision making than those which elect their judges. How can we justify taking the choice away from voters and placing it in the hands of a select few? I am yet to be convinced by any arguments presented that merit selection is the best selection process (Berman, Jonathon, 2009). What must be acknowledged is that there is an increasingly national perception that courts are out of control. The appropriate response to that concern is not to take the people out of the selection process.
We should notice who is not calling for merit selection. Not the business community, not labor unions, not farmers, teachers, retirees or even church pastors. Merit selection calls come mainly from other selections of lawyers, advocacy groups who are opponents of judicial elections. They are hardly the only people who care about justice. They seem to me to want to be in control of who chooses the judges. These people do not truly want to preserve traditional independence, which isn't really threatened anyway.
They seem to want to make as sure as they can, the candidates who share their political views in the great debate over the role of judges, a selection system that favors their prospects of making it to the bench. I think that merit selection is a solution that fails to perceive the real problem; there will always be politics. I believe any selection for the foreseeable future will have politics. We need to acknowledge that reality and evaluate methods of selection with that truth in mind (Berman, Jonathon, 2009).
Chief Justice Thomas Phillips of Texas points out that there are many ways of selecting state judges. In past history there were many different ways in selecting state judges, legislators and governors. Over the past two-hundred years, most states have developed an election process that fits their expectations. I | |
School; Chair and Associate Professor, Educational Counseling and Leadership, Monmouth University
Judith Greenberg, Adjunct Faculty, Gallatin School of Individualized Study, New York University
Henry Greenspan, Emeritus, University of Michigan
Simone Gigliotti, Holocaust Research Institute, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
Dorota Glowacka, University of King's College, Canada
Jan Grabowski, Professor of History, University of Ottawa
Ronald Granieri, Army War College
Emily Greble, Associate Professor of History and East European Studies, Vanderbilt University
Julie Greene, Professor of History, University of Maryland at College Park
Neil Gregor, Professor of Modern European History, University of Southampton, UK
Glenda E. Gilmore, Peter V. and C Vann Woodward Professor of History Emeritus, Yale University
Atina Grossmann, Professor of History in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Cooper Union, New York City
Gary D. Grossman, Professor of Animal Ecology, University of Georgia
Amanda F. Grzyb, Associate Professor of Information and Media Studies, Western University
Liora Gubkin, Professor of Religious Studies, Director Institute for Religion, Education, and Public Policy, California State University, Bakersfield
Debra Guckenheimer, Lecturer, Sociology and Human Development, California State University, East Bay
Edin Hajdarpasic, Associate Professor of Modern European History, Loyola University Chicago
Anna Hajkova,* Associate Professor of History, University of Warwick, UK
Sara Halpern, Ohio State University
Nancy Harrowitz, Professor of Italian and Jewish Studies, Director of the Minor in Holocaust, Genocide and Human Right Studies, Boston University
Cynthia Haynes, Director of Rhetorics, Communication, and Information Design Ph.D. Program, Professor of English, Clemson University
Valerie Hebert, Associate Professor, Lakehead University Orillia, Canada
Susanne Heim, University of Freiburg
Elizabeth Heineman, Professor of History and of Gender, Women's, and Sexuality Studies, University of Iowa
Daniel Kupfert Heller, Kronhill Senior Lecturer in East European Jewish History, Australian Centre for Jewish Civilisation, Monash University, Australia
David Helps, Department of History, University of Michigan
Burkhard Henke, Professor of German, Davidson College
David Henkin, Professor of History, University of California, Berkeley
Laura Herron, Assistant Professor of Jewish Studies and History, Oberlin College
Deborah Hertz, Professor of History, Wouk Chair in Modern Jewish Studies, University of California San Diego
Susannah Heschel, Eli Black Professor of Jewish Studies, Dartmouth College
Benjamin Hett, Professor of History, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York
Jim Hicks, Executive Editor, The Massachusetts Review, Senior Lecturer in Comparative Literature, University of Massachusetts at Amherst
Steven High, Professor of History, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
Faith Hillis, Associate Professor of Russian History, The University of Chicago
Susanne Hillman, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego
Laura J. Hilton, Professor of History, Muskingum University
Marianne Hirsch, William Peterfield Trent Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Columbia University
Erin Hochman, Associate Professor of History, Southern Methodist University
Tobias Hof, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
Janine Holc, Associate Professor, Political Science Department, Loyola University
Sandie Holguín, Professor of History, University of Oklahoma
Anna Holian, Associate Professor of History, Arizona State University
Alana Holland, Department of History, University of Kansas
Lynn Holly, Architect
Hannah Holtschneider, Senior Lecturer in Jewish Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK
Claire M. Hubbard-Hall, Senior Lecturer in History, Bishop Grosseteste University, UK
Anne P. Hubbell, Professor, Department of Communication Studies, New Mexico State University
Erika Hughes, Senior Lecturer in Drama and Performance, University of Portsmouth, UK
Judith M. Hughes, Professor Emerita of History, University of California, San Diego
Alexandra Hui, Associate Professor of History, Mississippi State University
Samuel Clowes Huneke, Assistant Professor of History, George Mason University
Tera W. Hunter, Edwards Professor of American History, Princeton University
Jennifer Hurst-Wender, Director of Museum Operations and Education, Preservation Virginia
Samara Hutman, Former Executive Director, Los Angeles Museum of The Holocaust, 2013-2016
Andreas Huyssen, Villard Professor Emeritus of German and Comparative Literature, Columbia University
Natalia Indrimi, Centro Primo Levi New York
Christian Ingrao, Senior Researcher Institut d'Histoire du Temps Présent, CNRS/Université, Paris, France
Steven Leonard Jacobs, Professor of Religious Studies & Aronov Endowed Chair of Judaic Studies, University of Alabama
Paul Jaskot, Professor of Art, Art History and Visual Studies, Duke University
Tomaz Jardim,* Associate Professor of History, Ryerson University, Canada
Joseph E. Jensen, Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University
Steven Jobbitt, Associate Professor of History, Lakehead University
Richard Ivan Jobs, Professor of History, Pacific University
Elisa von Joeden-Forgey, Dr. Marsha Raticoff Grossman Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Stockton University
Alison Frank Johnson, Professor of History and of Germanic Languages and Literatures; Chair, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Harvard University
Jason Johnson, Associate Professor of History, Trinity University
Nicholas K. Johnson, Deputy Head, Center for German-American Educational History, University of Münster, Germany
Timothy Scott Johnson, Visiting Assistant Professor of History, Texas A&M University Corpus Christi
Benjamin T. Jones, Lecturer in History, Central Queensland University, Australia
Adam Jones, Professor of Political Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Canada
Ari Joskowicz, Associate Professor of Jewish Studies, European Studies, and History, Vanderbilt University
Steffen Jost, Head of Education Department, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site, Germany
Jonathan Judaken, Spence L. Wilson Chair in the Humanities, Rhodes College
Robin Judd, Associate Professor of History, Ohio State University
Pieter M. Judson, Professor of 19th and 20th Century History, European University Institute, Florence, Italy
Kathryn Julian, Visiting Lecturer in History, Maryville College
Irene Kacandes, Dartmouth Professor of German Studies and Comparative Literature, Dartmouth College
Carroll P. Kakel, III, Lecturer, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Advanced Academic Programs, Johns Hopkins University
Martin Kalb, Assistant Professor of History, Bridgewater College
Brett Kaplan, Professor of Literature, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Marion Kaplan, Skirball Professor of Modern Jewish History, New York University
Thomas Pegelow Kaplan, Leon Levine Distinguished Professor and Director of the Center for Judaic, Holocaust and Peace Studies, Appalachian State University
Alexander Karn, Associate Professor of History, Director, Peace and Conflict Studies Program, Colgate University
Rabbi Henry Jay Karp, Adjunct Professor of Theology, St. Ambrose University
Olga Kartashova, Hebrew and Judaic Studies, New York University
Samuel Kassow, Northam Professor of History, Trinity College
Anthony D. Kauders, Professor of Modern History, Keele University, United Kingdom
Martin Kavka, Professor, Department of Religion, Florida University
Ari Kelman, Chancellor's Leadership Professor of History, University of California, Davis
Michelle Kelso, Assistant Professor of Sociology and International Affairs, The George Washington University
Padraic Kenney, Professor of History and International Studies, Indiana University Bloomington
Audrey Kichelewski, Associate Professor of Contemporary History, Strasbourg University, France
Ben Kiernan, A. Whitney Griswold Professor of History, Yale University
Charles King, Professor of International Affairs and Government, Georgetown University
Lisa Kirschenbaum, Professor of History, West Chester University
Rebekah Klein-Pejšová, Associate Professor of History, Purdue University
Irena Klepfisz, retired, Barnard College, New York
Sarah Knott, Associate Professor of History, Indiana University Bloomington
Adam Knowles, Assistant Teaching Professor of Philosophy, Drexel University
Anne Knowles, McBride Professor of History, University of Maine
Roy G. Koepp, Assistant Professor of Modern European History, Eastern New Mexico University
Ari Kohen, Associate Professor of Political Science and Schlesinger Professor of Social Justice in the Harris Center for Judaic Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Yuliya Komska, Associate Professor of German Studies, Dartmouth College
Jeffrey S. Kopstein, Professor of Political Science, University of California, Irvine
Alexander Korb, Associate Professor in Modern European History, University of Leicester, UK
Jacques Kornberg, Professor Emeritus, Department of History, University of Toronto, Canada
Melissa Kravetz, Associate Professor of History, Longwood University
Barbara Krawcowicz, Post-Doctoral Fellow in Judaic Studies, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
Leslie Kriebel, Social Science Lecturer, Boston University
Kevin M. Kruse, Professor of History, Princeton University
Lukasz Krzyzanowski, Assistant Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
Hana Kubatova, Assistant Professor, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic
Emma Kuby, Assistant Professor of History, Northern Illinois University
Thomas Kühne, Director, Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Clark University
Regina Kunzel, Doris Stevens Chair and Professor of History and Gender and Sexuality Studies, Princeton University
Jacob Ari Labendz, Clayman Assistant Professor and Director of the Center for Judaic and Holocaust Studies, Youngstown State University
Dominick LaCapra, Professor Emeritus of History and Bowmar Professor Emeritus of Humanistic Studies, Cornell University
Richard Lachmann, Professor of Sociology, The State University of New York, Albany
Elizabeth Harrington Lambert, Grand Valley State University
Melinda Landeck, Assistant Professor of East Asian Studies, Austin College
J. Shawn Landres, Senior Fellow, Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California, Los Angeles
Barry Langford, Professor of Film Studies and Member, Holocaust Research Institute, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
Neringa Latvyte-Gustaitiene, Faculty of Communication, Vilnius University, Lithuania
Claire Launchbury, Associate Researcher, School of Languages, Cultures and Societies, University of Leeds, UK
Tom Lawson, Professor of History and Pro Vice-Chancellor for the Faculty of Arts, Design and Social | |
94th Tour de France - ProT
France, July 7-29, 2007
Main Page Results & report Stage Details Previous Stage Next Stage
Stage 9 - Tuesday, July 17: Val-d�Is�re - Brian�on, 159.5km
Live commentary by Shane Stokes, Bjorn Haake and Laura Weislo
Complete live report
Live coverage starts: 13:00 CEST
Estimated finish: 17:00 CEST
Bonjour again on the Cyclingnews live coverage of the 2007 Tour de France. Today is another one of those days where the cyclists will be unable to find any flat stretch of roads. From the gun it goes uphill to the Iseran over 15 kilometres. The stage is the shortest (159.5 kilometre), but up to now the hardest. After the Iseran, the next mountain looming is the Télégrphe, immediately followed by the Galibier. From then on it's only downhill to the finish in Briançon, with the little exception of the final kilometre and a half, which is up to 13 percent steep.
At 12:35 the start happened. Rabobank lined up in the front and there was a fear that the race would explode immediately. But it went out with the gruppetto compatto, and it started tranquilo.
The weather is warm and there is no chance of canceling most of the stage as happened in 1996, when stage 9 was scheduled to go from Val d'Isère to Sestrière, but had to be shortened to 46 kilometres.
13:01 CEST 8.5km/151km to go
We have a new, exciting feature, thanks to our partners SRM and the sponsor of the live telemetry, T-Mobile. On the bottom of the screen there is a link titled "Click here to see Live Rider Data and Positioning." From there you can see live data from several riders. Watts, heart rate, speed and cadence, along with GPS data where the riders are. Not all the riders' data is currently available.
We hope that this feature will help you better judge the performances of the riders and hopefully also better track the riders on the route
Please note the SRM and T-Mobile telemetry needs the latest version of the Java runtime environment to be installed on the user's system. If you don't have this - and it's useful, non-invasive software needed for many web-based applications - please visit the Sun website for the Java download page . When the telemetry page opens, please select a rider and then wait a few moments for the data to begin to load. Each day we will update the riders using this equipment, as the group of riders who are connected each day will change. In addition to today's group, other riders who may also be connected in subsequent stages include Linus Gerdemann (T-Mobile), Patrik Sinkewitz (T-Mobile), Sven Krauss (Gerolsteiner) and Christian Vande Velde (CSC) .
The first attack of the day was set by Jos� Luis Arrieta (Ag2r Pr�voyance). Yaroslav Popovych (Discovery Channel) has countered and joined the Frenchman. They have currently 1'30" on the field.
Sylvain Chavanel (Cofidis) lifts the pace. He wears the polka dot, even though he is ranked behind Rasmussen. But Rasmussen has to wear yellow. Not sure if the Dane approves of someone else wearing 'his' shirt.
Chavanel is caught but there is a flurry of activity now. Rasmussen rides towards the front.
13:05 CEST 10.5km/149km to go
Popo has left Arrieta and is riding up with a lot of power. He doesn't want to wait for anybody right from the start. He's got 1'19" over the peloton.
Tom Boonen is already in difficulty. This will play into Erik Zabel's hands - he is regarded as a better climber and if he can limit his losses on the climb, he could get some points in the two intermediate sprints after the summit.
Arrieta has been caught. Popo is by himself, with Juan Mauricio Soler (Barloworld) chasing.
Several other attacks have been fired off but these have been reeled in.
Laurent Lefevre has attacked. The Bouygues Telecom rider is chasing, and catching, Soler.
The very first mountain time trial in the Tour was on the Iseran in 1939, although it went up on the other side, where the field will be descending today.
13:14 CEST 14.7km/144.8km to go
The peloton is fragmenting under the pressure. Another Discovery Channel rider is attacking and going across to the two chasers.
Up front, Popovych pushes on and nears the top. The slopes around him still have patches of snow, but the sky is blue above. There are clumps of spectators dotted by the side of the road, cheering him on.
And Popo passes the top.
Soler is chasing hard behind. He's really digging in. Lefevre is on his wheel, and then comes past for the points. They've slightly distanced the Discovery Channel rider who was with them; that's Gusev, the former white jersey holder.
The riders are tearing down the descent, using the full width of the road. The scenery is stunning, as you might expect.
A fourth rider has joined the chase group...stand by..
Popo had 50" on the chasers at the summit, which is a staggering 2770 metres above sea level. However the riders started around 1900 m today, so they didn't have a huge amount of climbing to do before reaching the top. Fifteen kilometres, to be exact.
The order over the climb is as follows:
Yaroslav Popovych (Discovery Channel), Laurent Lef�vre (Bouygues Telecom), Mauricio Soler (Barloworld), Anthony Charteau (Cr�dit Agricole), Mikel Astarloza (Euskaltel-Euskadi), Vladimir Gusev (Discovery Channel), Francisco P�rez (Caisse d'Epargne), Christophe Moreau (Ag2r Pr�voyance), Stef Clement (Bouygues Telecom)
We've resurrected the Hindenberg IV Mark II for today's stage and are currently soaring high above the mountains. Our trusty old pirate's telescope is of great use here, although with careful piloting we can get quite close to the riders.
The tenth rider over the top is Denis Menchov of Rabobank and gets 5 points.
Popo won a stage in the Tour last year, rescuing Discovery's race.
All change behind: Jose Ivan Gutierrez, Gusev and Beno�t Vaugrenard (Fran�aise des Jeux) are leading the chase and have been joined by Laurent Lef�vre and Mikel Astarloza (Euskaltel Euskadi). So it's five chasing one.
Popovych and Gusev would relish the chance to go for a stage win, but what's more likely is that they have been told to go up the road and see if team captain Levi Leipheimer or perhaps Alberto Contador can bridge across later. It's a tried and trusted tactic.
Popovych goes through the sprint line. The yellow jersey of Michael Rasmussen (and, presumably, the other overall contenders) are 1'05 back now.
The five chasers are digging in and go over the line now.
They are all driving hard as they try to close up to Popovych. Gusev also does his share of the work, so team orders are clearly for the two Discovery riders to join up and work together.
Vinokourov is in the main bunch and is now missing the bandage from his left leg. That indicates that he is recovering from his crash.
The sprint is not contested, but
Iv�n Guti�rrez (Caisse d'Epargne) is ahead of Laurent Lef�vre (Bouygues Telecom). They are forming a pace line, and it looks like
Beno�t Vaugrenard (Fran�aise Des Jeux) had his wheel over the line in third
The bunch seems to be pretty lined out so they don't want to let this move get too far ahead. Although the profile shows a descent the roads look to be pretty flat here. An Agritubel rider takes a flyer from the peloton.
Popeye looks back now for the others. He has something to eat - spinach, maybe?
Rasmussen is clothed head to toe in yellow and looks quite calm as he too eats.
Meanwhile Laurent Lef�vre is driving the pace in the chase group. They are getting close to Popovych.
The peloton crosses a green metal bridge over a winding river. Looks a bit cold for a dip, so they keep going. Actually that's something you tend not to see any more; riders bailing into water. There are black and | |
not intended to make a voyage at that speed, and it would be perfectly impossible with existing conditions to design a ship with all the necessary qualities of a man-of-war which could do such work. I will in a very few words endeavour to illustrate my meaning. Take the case of the "Terrible," a vessel of 14,000 tons, and the "Campania," one of the most successful of ocean mail steamers, of a slightly less tonnage. The length of the "Campania" is somewhere about 100 feet greater than that of the "Terrible"; 311 her amidship section is very much less, and there is no necessity to keep her engines below the water-line, as they are not exposed to shell fire. It is perfectly evident to anyone who is acquainted with the operations of designing a ship that it is impossible to get the same speed in a short broad boat that you can in a long narrow one, unless you devote the whole space to the engines and boilers, and that obviously would be impossible in a man-of-war. We also hear a great deal about the expenditure of coal in connection with some of our men-of-war, but the fact is often lost sight of that an enormous amount of coal is expended in connection with the auxiliary engines, the engines for working the turrets, for electric lighting purposes, ventilating, and other matters. So far it has not been found possible to obviate the increased waste that occurs when steam leaves the boilers at a very high pressure, and a certain amount of the additional expenditure on water-tube boilers may be accounted for in that way. For my part, I believe that the boiler of the future will be some form of water-tube boiler, and I think that the results of the labours of this Committee which is to be appointed will be of the very greatest use to the country. I now turn to another subject. I notice in the Navy Estimates this year provision is made for the construction of several armoured and protected cruisers. I wish to draw the attention of the First Lord of the Admiralty to the armaments it is proposed to place on board those ships. Take the armaments of the armoured cruisers of 9,800 tons. I find that they consist of fourteen 6-inch guns, which is a very much lighter armament than would be placed upon a cruiser of anything like that tonnage built by any foreign Power. I find in the "Ariadne" class, which are vessels of 11,000 tons, the armament consists of sixteen 6-inch guns. I contend that that is a mistake. What is the use of designing your ships for coal-carrying capacity and a high rate of speed when, within range of the enemy, they may find themselves hopelessly outclassed? I am well aware that there are many persons whose opinion is worthy of the highest respect, who hold that these armaments are sufficient, and that nothing should be sacrificed in the shape of coal-carrying capacity in order to increase those armaments, and yet I venture to say that the mass of naval opinion, and 312 the opinion of officers who will have the command of these ships, would be in favour of supplying them with guns of greater power and calibre than the pro posed armament. I would ask my right hon. friend to consider this point before those vessels get too far advanced to alter their armour. Once the construction is so far advanced alterations can only be made by a very great sacrifice of time, money, and material, and in the opinion of vast numbers of naval officers, it is essential that this matter should be considered before the vessels are further advanced. There is another point in connection with this subject of which I would remind the Committee. Speaking broadly, the power of penetration of the gun is equal to about one and a half times its calibre. Therefore, a 6-inch gun would penetrate nine inches of armour, and a 9.2-inch gun would penetrate nearly fourteen inches of armour. We see from the reports not only of our own ironclads, but of the ironclads being built by foreign nations, that they profess to attain a speed of nineteen knots. It is easy to imagine that one of our heavy cruisers might be pursued by an enemy's battleship so near her own speed that she might be placed in a very awkward position; whereas if she carried a couple of 9.2-inch guns in a turret aft, it would probably make all the difference between escape and capture. I beg to submit this suggestion to my right hon. friend in the hope that he will give it his further consideration. I now come to the question of the experiments of the "Belleisle." I have read some of the criticisms and accounts of those experiments which have appeared in the public press. According to some people's ideas one would imagine that it was supposed that any ship which ever had been designed could have kept afloat after being subjected to the terrific fire which was opened upon the "Belleisle." I venture to say that there is not a ship either designed or built that would have remained afloat subject to the same conditions as prevailed on the occasion to which I refer. If the "Belleisle" had not been sunk it would have only meant one of two things—either that our guns would have been absolutely useless, or that our gunners would have been worse than useless With regard to the question of fire between decks on board ship, I think it has been much exaggerated. I 313 was glad to see the result of those experiments, because it was quite what I expected. The danger has been very much overrated. I have never seen a fire between decks on board a ship in my life, and I have only seen six fires below deck, and only two of those were serious. In the case of a fire on board ship the real danger is in regard to the smoke, but there is not sufficient material between decks on board a man-of-war prepared for action to make sufficient smoke to be a source of danger. I am quite certain that, providing there were any of the crew left alive after being subjected to a murderous fire that would probably occur in a naval action, if any fire occurred it could easily be extinguished. There is also the question of wooden decks. The last portion of a ship that burns is her deck. I remember the occasion of a fire on board a transport which had been smouldering for hours before it was discovered. Part of the main decks were charred through, and to walk along it was like going over thin ice; nevertheless, by doing so we were enabled to save the ship, whereas if there had been an iron deck we would not have been able to walk on it on account of the heat, and the vessel would have been lost. It has been proved, even in wooden ships, that the deck is about the last portion of the ship to burn. The only other case of a fire I over saw was that of the Bombay, and in this case some of the guns on the ship were loaded at the time the fire broke out. Some twenty minutes or half an hour after everybody had been driven out of the ship by the flames and smoke, these guns went off and it was a plain proof from the direction of the shots that the deck of the vessel | |
is contributing to the latter figure's growth. Their projected yield has doubled in past three Qs.
We will see if the finished product when harvested drives the GM% improvement in subsequent Q's.
Annualized Gross Margin $ per (PPE + ROU + Goodwill/Intangibles)
This is our attempt to normalize the companies growing organically from the roll ups. We have annualized the gross margin and divided that by aggregate of PPE + ROU + G&I.
This metric also decreases to $0.47 from the previous Q of $0.52. This is the $10 million drop in GM$s overpowering the reduction in the denominator.
Cura is 2nd out of the per group in this efficiency metric. But keep in mind, that Cura has a large retail store count and SGA impact that, as we will see in the EBITDA version of this graph.
Gross Margin: USA Peer
Cura is 10th highest in this peer group. If they reach their 52-54% guidance in F22 they would be in 6th place.
Gross Margin: North American Peer
Cura is 10th highest on a North American basis.
One thing I want to point out… Village Farms, a Canadian LP, pulled down a 44% GM on their cannabis business this past Q (their low margin Tomato business pulls down their overall GM% to 25%). This is in Canada, where we have national pricing, competition is fierce and there is no verticality.
A concern we share is that the margins of US MSO's should be much better than Canadian LP's given their lack of competition, no national pricing and verticality. The MSOs are certainly better, but it will be interesting to see if they can continue this level if/when competition and national pricing is in the mix.
We get the argument that costs will also come down with interstate, but in order to generate the same level of GM$'s (to pay your bills) with say a 50% cut in retail prices (which we have seen and more in Canada), the company will need to work that much harder to maintain that GM$ level. Production costs might go down, but SGA will likely need to increase.
SGA & SBC as % of Sales: Trend
Selling was $11 million for the Q and represents 3% of sales, an increase of $0.8 million and from 3%, respectively QoQ.
G&A was $91 million for the Q and represents 29% of sales, an increase of $13 million and increase from 25%, respectively QoQ. Salaries and benefits increased $4.1 million likley due to new stores and Professional fees were up $4.6 million to $12.5 million QoQ, as they indcate some costs in closing Eureka and severance. Office supplies and services increased $3.5 million to $10.7 million a sharp increase, and easily the higest on record.
SGA on whole increased by $13.8 million to $102 million from $88 million QoQ and increased to 32% of sales from 28%. This is the highest in five Qs. This will be a number to focus on going forward to see if they are hitting inflection point.
SBC decreased by $5.2 million to $13.2 million from last Q as stock price slumped late in Q.
Depreciation increased by $2 million to $28 million from last Q, rounds out Opex.
Opex increased by $9 million to $143 million and increased to 45% of sales from 43% last Q. This is the third highest in the five Q's under review.
SGA & SBC as % of Sales: Peer
Cura is 6th best in this metric, trailing TRUL, GTII, VRNO, TER and CL.
+Net Operating Profit Sales Breakeven divided by Current Q Sales: USA Peer
Net Operating Profit before IFRS voodoo was + $2 million versus + $23 last Q. The decrease in absolute GM by $10 million and the $10 million in increased Opex expenses the reasons.
Other Income (Expenses) and Taxes:
Other Income for the Q was negative $39 million versus negative $19 million last Q, which was largely comprised of
Interest items netting -$25 million versus -$24 million last Q.
Impairment of $5.7 million on Eureka PPE vs nil last Q
-$8.3 million in Other Expenses this Q versus +$2.3 million last Q. The slide is largely $5.6 million loss on disposal of assets and $2.3 loss on investment.
Taxes were $60 million an increase from $43 million last Q. Given NOP with IFRS voodoo was $40 million, that is quite the 280e special.
Net Income after Non-Controlling Interest and before IFRS Voodoo was negative $94 million versus negative $36 million last Q.
+Net Operating Profit Sales Breakeven divided by Current Q Sales: North American Peer
In the North American Peer group Cura ranks 8th best.
+EBITDA: Trend & Peer
Cura adj EBITDA recorded its 9th consecutive positive Q with $68 million for the Q, a decrease from last Q's $76 million. The decrease in GM (net of impairment) and the increase in cash SGA the reason.
Cura records aEBITDA of $71 million. They have some undisclosed "one time" professional fees and severance removed that I cannot track back to and I have not reversed.
Annualized Adjusted EBITDA to (PPE + ROU + Goodwill and Intangibles):
We have added this metric to look at who is being the most efficient with PPE + ROU + G/I based on Annualized EBITDA.
This metric showed a minor decrease QoQ as the annualized EBITDA decrease of -$7.6 million this Q on an annualized basis overpowered the decrease in the denominator of -$36 million. The MSOS with large store footprints need not only a decent GM% but also tight SGA control.
+EBITDA Sales Breakeven divided by Current Q Sales: USA Peer
As Cura is +EBITDA and they need only 53% of current sales at current GM% and Opex$'s to achieve +EBITDA.
+EBITDA Sales Breakeven divided by Current Q Sales: North American Peer
Net Operating Profit + Non-Cash Expense – Interest – Taxes: $ Thousands of Dollars
Here is our metric introduced a few Qs ago. It is meant to show how much cash went into the bank account from operations after Interest and Taxes are serviced. Essentially EBITDA without the I + T added back.
Cura moves into a $17 million deficit after tax and interest service are removed from EBITDA, down from a surplus of $12 million the preceding Q. The decrease in EBITDA and a $4 million increase in interest expense and $17 million increase in taxes in the Q are the reasons for the $29 million swing.
Net Operating Profit + Non-Cash Expense – Interest – Taxes: % of Sales
This metric was positive last Qat +4% but with the decrease in EBITDA, coupled with a large increase in taxes this Q of $17 million and a $4 million increase in interest paid, this has reverted to negative -5%.
Cura is last in this metric.
Cura has $130 in current taxes owing (+$67 million QoQ) versus a cash balance of $317 million.
Balance Sheet Items of Note:
Cash position $317 million a decrease of $17 million QoQ. They have indicated they are looking to refinance debt at a lower interest rate in F2022. They will likely increase the facility at the same time.
"Waterfall" Trend
Inventory increased by $41 million to $346 million. New cultivation is likely driving that figure. Quarterly Inventory to Sales ratio is 1.09:1.
Finished Goods Delta was $0.6 million and is at $92 million on a cost basis.
"Waterfall" Peer
Cura has the most inventory compared to US MSO Peers. Keep in mind Cura still is using IFRS and includes Gain on Biologicals in inventory. Their $235 million cost base inventory is double that of TRUL GAAP $112 million.
PPE increase $21 million to $328 million (buildings being $25 million of the increase)
Assets held for sale increased $46 million to $78 million as GrassRoots assets for sale increased by $49 million.
G/I decrease $74 million to $1.6 million.
On Liability and Equity side:
Taxes due increased $67 million and are now $130 million. Over a third of present cash.
Deferred tax liability decreases $37 million to $303 million as | |
Abroad, the cannabis market is booming with the support of government. This is a great time for U.S. cannabis businesses to position their brands to succeed overseas.
Experience in the Global Market.
MJ Freeway signed our first international client in Canada in 2011. We were a young company at the time. Our initial excitement quickly wore off when we realized international development comes with a whole new set of administrative challenges. We chose to think long-term and conquer those challenges because we knew the opportunity for growth was there.
Since 2012, our products have been localized into other languages to serve the available international cannabis markets, and we have focused on hiring bilingual employees into each area of the company.
Today, our early focus on operating as an international business and continuing to invest in that future concept has proven successful as we currently operate in 11 countries.
One myth U.S. cannabis businesses have is they believe they are too small to think globally. We are a small company to operate in more than 10 countries. However, the opportunity in emerging markets and the unique market conditions in the cannabis industry make it possible.
The legal cannabis industry is so young, it has missed a century of technological and agricultural innovation. But that doesn't mean we don't have a lot to offer the world. Companies who have their 10,000 hours of experience over nearly 10 years, like ours, have hard-won, cannabis-specific knowledge and experience which offers more value than it costs to new governments and operators looking to enter the industry.
If you are clear about the value you bring to the market, you'll be able to position yourself well in any country where there's a demand for your product.
Early in my career, I read the famous Jim Collins book, "Good to Great", and despite having read hundreds of other business books since, I keep coming back to some of the core concepts in "Good to Great". "Good to Great" has received plenty of criticism, however, I continue to come back to the concepts because it was based on 5 years of analytical research into companies over 15 years of their business life. Most other business books are based on one person's anecdotal experience.
There is a core concept in "Good to Great" called "Put your best people on your biggest opportunities, not your biggest problems." The example from the analysts' research used to illustrate this concept is the international expansion of the Marlboro brand. I know tobacco is one of the biggest industries that lobbies against cannabis, but please consider this case study from just the brand expansion perspective.
In the 1960s, both Philip Morris, better known as Marlboro and RJ Rennolds, better known as Camel, derived the majority of their revenues from domestic sales. Joe Cullman at Philip Morris identified the international market as the single best opportunity for long-term growth, despite the fact the company only derived 1% of its earnings from overseas. He moved his number one performing executive George Weissman from domestic business to international business. Weissman went from running 99% of the company to only 1%, and many saw the decision as a demotion. The decision was in fact a stroke of genius, and Weismann turned out to be the best person for the job of developing European markets.
Under Weissman, Marlboro became the number one best-selling cigarette in the world three years before it became number one in the United States. I think of this story often as we make decisions to expand internationally. Because why was Weissman able to build the Marlboro brand so well in international markets?
There's a lot we as an industry can learn from the answer to this question.
Next, the company also had a high degree of standardization in their products. This enabled them to offer a consistent product not often found in other brands at the time of their expansion. So many of these same concepts are adaptable to cannabis businesses interested in expanding internationally. It's even a bit cliché, but clichés are generally based on evidence.
Brand and consistency will enable success.
The importance of brand identity.
When we originally chose the name MJ Freeway and launched our brand, it was with the intent to convey images of speed and connection within the marijuana industry. At the time, choosing to include MJ in our name was controversial, and many advisors strongly urged us to change it. We stood our ground and were clear that we would stand with and for the cannabis industry. That choice has made our name synonymous with cannabis.
With our generation 2 seed-to-sale product, MJ Platform, our brand intention is to take the connection concept further. We are the Platform that connects the marijuana industry. We built the product to support the brand concept of collaboration within the industry. Now more than ever, we are focusing on making strategic connections and integrating with strategic partners offering additional valuable technology to our industry. To make it easy for partners to work with us, last year, we launched a partner developer's console and MJP app store. Today, we have dozens of integrated offerings on MJ Platform with many more to come. We provide the Platform or space in which the industry operates. This allows our clients to focus on building their brands and running their businesses. They know they have the business tools and reporting needed to make smart business decisions in order to advance their products and brands.
Take a few minutes to think about your brand identity. What is the foundational idea that your brand conveys in the industry?
This is important. Once you're clear on this idea, you can ensure decisions you make about how to represent your company or what products and services you sell align with this idea. Alignment will help you deliver this idea as a real value to the marketplace.
Why collaboration matters in global markets.
This spirit of partnership is a cornerstone of MJ Freeway's business philosophy. We began serving clients in Spain in 2013, but we weren't growing market share there. I knew we needed to partner with someone local and intimately familiar with the country's market nuances.
Initially, I explored partnering with one of our existing clients, but they had a challenging relationship with other operators. I then explored partnership opportunities with other software providers currently operating in Spain and found our now channel partner. We acquired their revenue stream in 2015 and they now provide local presence, local account development and management, and local support to our clients in Europe. I consider them to be invaluable partners today. This working partnership today would have never been possible if I had only viewed them through the lens of antagonistic competition. I think it's important if you're an operator looking to expand internationally, you ask yourself, with whom can I partner? How can I offer my years of experience and expertise in cannabis but not assume I know their country, consumers, market demands, or brand interests better than they do?
The ROI on any new emerging market, especially in SaaS, and doubly so in cannabis, tends to be a year or more down the line. But the opportunity to gain market share will never be greater than when a market is newly emerging. Cannabis globalization is already here and will only expand. If you're currently considering expanding into international markets, I would encourage you to try a test case.
How to test a new market.
1. Get clear on what you offer and the value it brings to the marketplace in general, not just your local jurisdiction.
2. Pick one emerging market where the product-market fit makes a compelling case for your business offering.
3. Consider how your brand has unique appeal in this market.
4. Learn about some of the | |
arranging for the publication of registered regulations;
in accordance with this Part.
Regulation not effective unless registered
A regulation is not effective unless it is a registered regulation.
Examination of proposed regulations
A regulation that has not been prepared by a lawyer employed in the legislative counsel office is to be submitted to the registrar for examination, before the regulation is made, to ensure that it meets the drafting and formatting standards used by that office.
Filing requirements
A regulation is filed for registration when a copy of the regulation is filed with the registrar along with
(a) in the case of a regulation made or approved by the Lieutenant Governor in Council, a copy of the order in council certified by the Clerk of the Executive Council to be a true copy; or
(b) in any other case, a certificate that is in a form acceptable to the registrar and meets the requirements of subsection (2).
The certificate referred to in clause (1)(b) must
(a) set out
(i) the title of the regulation and the title of the Act under which it was made,
(ii) the name of the authority that made the regulation and the date it was made,
(iii) if the approval of another authority is required, the name of the approving authority and the date of the approval, and
(iv) any other information specified by the registrar;
(b) certify the copy of the regulation to be a true copy; and
(c) be dated and signed by the authority who made or approved the regulation or a responsible officer of the authority.
The registrar may accept for registration a regulation that, along with the required order in council or certificate, is filed electronically in a form and manner acceptable to the registrar.
The date of registration of a registered regulation is deemed to be the day that the regulation was filed in accordance with section 12.
Registration of amended regulation
If a regulation is amended before it is registered, it may be registered as amended.
When registering a regulation, the registrar must
(a) ensure that a registration number is assigned to the regulation in accordance with subsection (2);
(b) ensure that the following information is recorded in the register of regulations:
(i) the title of the regulation and the title of the Act under which it is made,
(ii) the date of registration and the registration number assigned to it,
(iii) the name of the department or other authority who filed the regulation for registration,
(iv) the registration number of any regulation amended by the regulation,
(v) the registration number of any regulation replaced by the regulation,
(vi) any other information specified by the registrar.
Numbering of regulations
Each year, the regulations registered in that year are to be numbered consecutively beginning with the number "1".
Publication of registered regulations
As soon as practicable after a regulation is registered, the registrar must
(a) arrange for it to be published on the Manitoba Laws website; and
(b) make a copy of it available to the Queen's Printer, who may print and sell or distribute copies of it.
The regulation must show its registration number and date of registration.
Bilingual version
If the regulation was made in English and French, the registrar must ensure that the bilingual version of it is published.
Annual volume of registered regulations
After the end of each year, the Queen's Printer may prepare and sell or distribute a bound volume (or a set of bound volumes) of the regulations registered in that year.
When preparing an original regulation for publication, the registrar may, without altering the legal effect of the regulation,
(b) correct errors in the numbering of provisions or cross-references;
(c) make minor editorial changes to ensure a consistent form of expression; or
(d) alter the style or presentation of text or graphics to be consistent with the style and formatting practices of the legislative counsel office, or to improve electronic or print presentation.
On discovering that the online version of an original regulation differs from the regulation as registered, otherwise than because of a change or correction made under subsection (1), the registrar
A change or correction made to an original regulation under this section is deemed to be part of that regulation as filed for registration, and does not change its legal effect.
Non-publication of maps, diagrams, etc.
If a regulation includes a map, illustration, plan, diagram, photograph, graph, table or information that has not been provided to the registrar in a form acceptable to the registrar for online publication, the registrar may dispense with the online publication of that part of the regulation.
Notice of missing information
If the registrar dispenses with the online publication of part of a regulation, the published regulation must include a notice about the missing information and where it is available for inspection.
The publication of a regulation on the Manitoba Laws website is notice of the regulation to all persons.
Except as otherwise provided in an Act, a regulation is not enforceable against a person until the day after it is first published on the Manitoba Laws website, unless the person has actual notice of the regulation.
When does a regulation come into force?
A regulation comes into force on its date of registration unless
(a) an Act provides otherwise;
(b) the regulation specifies a later date; or
(c) the regulation specifies an earlier date and the Act under which it is made authorizes it to come into force on that earlier date or be made with effect from that earlier date.
References to registered regulations
A registered regulation may be cited or referred to
(a) by its title; or
(b) as "Manitoba Regulation", "Man. Reg." or "M.R.", followed by its registration number.
Regulations to be tabled in Assembly
Unless otherwise directed by a resolution of the Assembly, the minister must table in the Assembly, within 15 days after the commencement of a session of the Legislature, a copy of each regulation that was registered more than 14 days before commencement of the session and has not previously been tabled in the Assembly.
Referral to committee
Upon being tabled in the Assembly, a regulation stands permanently referred to the Standing Committee on Statutory Regulations and Orders of the Legislative Assembly.
Assembly may direct repeal or amendment
The Legislative Assembly may by resolution direct the repeal or amendment of a regulation or part of a regulation.
Compliance with Assembly's resolution
If the Legislative Assembly directs the repeal or amendment of a regulation, the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the minister or other authority that made the regulation must repeal or amend the regulation as directed.
CONSOLIDATED ACTS AND REGULATIONS
Consolidation and publication
Subject to subsections (2) to (5), as soon as practicable after an Act or regulation is amended, the legislative counsel must
(a) prepare a consolidated version that reflects the change made by the amendment;
(b) arrange for the updated version to be published on the Manitoba Laws website; and
(c) make a copy of the updated version available to the Queen's Printer, who may print and sell or distribute copies of it.
No application if amended provision not yet in force
Subsection (1) does not apply to an amendment of a provision that is not yet in force.
Consolidation not required for some public Acts
The legislative counsel is not required to prepare and publish a consolidated version of a public Act that is not included in the Continuing Consolidation of the Statutes of Manitoba.
If a consolidated regulation includes a map, illustration, plan, diagram, photograph, graph, table or information that has not been provided to the registrar in a form acceptable to the registrar for online publication, the registrar may dispense with the online publication of that part of the regulation.
If the registrar dispenses with the online publication of a part of a consolidated regulation, the published regulation must include a notice about the missing information and where it is available for inspection.
Prior consolidated versions of Acts
When a consolidated Act is updated or repealed, the legislative counsel must ensure that the previous or repealed version of the Act continues to be published on the | |
communities, is that, in lots of places, scrubs, masks and bags for kit for key workers were made by groups that were established to sew and produce them locally for those who needed them.
Those are some examples of what was going on in our local area.
Fabio Villani (tsiMoray):
The experience in Moray has been similar to that which Jess Pepper described in Perth and Kinross. The fundamental shift has been in how people have re-engaged with what really matters in life. There has been a reconnection with each other, with a sense of community, with a sense of place, with nature and our environment, and with a sense of purpose—a rediscovery of the value of kindness. Those are the fundamental prerequisites for a shift to a just and green recovery.
Some specific examples are to do with food, both in distribution of food to those who needed it most and in making sure that that food was healthy and, wherever possible, locally produced, thus shortening the food supply chain. That bodes well for the future.
On community transport, communities have come up with their own solutions. I draw your attention to an example in our submission. The surgery in Hopeman had closed and the nearest one was in Lossiemouth. It is only about 5 or 10 miles away, but there was no direct bus route between the communities, so the community bus was repurposed so that it could take people to surgery appointments. That is a lovely example of a demand-responsive transport solution that has been led by the community for the community.
There are many examples of remote working and people coming together. We at tsiMoray facilitate people coming together to learn from one another. We have been able to shift to a virtual way of doing that, which has worked extremely well. That has allowed us to enlarge the pool of people who can contribute to those events and to cut back on the carbon footprint of running them. Those are just some examples; there are loads more.
Good morning, and thank you for taking part in our discussion.
Building on the convener's question, how do you think that those positive responses and behaviours can best be maintained? How can we, in the Parliament and the Scottish Government, best support and encourage individual behaviour change?
Fabio Villani:
Some measures might be beyond the scope and the powers of the Scottish Government. When it comes to the higher levels of engagement, we need to make sure that we all have food, shelter, warmth, security and safety, and we do not necessarily have all the levers to address those needs at a Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government level.
However, we can support those people who are already demonstrating not only that it is possible to lead a greener lifestyle but that it is far more satisfying and fulfilling to do so than it is to lead a lifestyle that is based on consumption. There are loads of good examples of that at individual and group level, and it is within our reach and our gift to support those people and groups and to make sure that they continue to be successful and that their story is told and heard.
There are examples of transition initiatives in which all sorts of activity has been relocalised, which brings advantages to the economy. Those examples show that the just and green approach to our economic system meets everybody's needs and does not diminish the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
Are there specific actions that the Scottish Government could take by way of support? Such support need not always be financial; it might be support with skills development or capacity building. It could involve assistance with shifts of those kinds, but it could also involve the provision of money. Are there specific things that the communities that you work with would benefit from?
Thank you for picking up on the need for capacity building. We have a very enabling policy environment. The Community Empowerment (Scotland) Act 2015 is a great piece of legislation that enables communities to lead.
The risk that comes with that enabling environment is that those communities that have the capacity to take things forward will continue to do well while those communities that do not have the skills or capacity will fall further behind. What I am most concerned about is the fact that there is not the necessary level of investment in community development and capacity building to enable those communities that are not doing so well to prosper and thrive. That is the single place where I would encourage the Scottish Government to do more.
There are ways to engage people and to support them. We might want to talk about how we can make sure that everybody's voice is heard and that everybody is engaged. The most critical issue for investment is recognition of the fact that communities are leading transformation and are in the best place to do that. Investment should support them to learn from and share with each other so that they all move forward without too many gaps appearing between those who can do things and those who cannot.
Jess Pepper:
I agree with Fabio Villani. The response to Covid has mobilised more people to act together. We have experienced some building of community resilience, and there is the good will for that to continue. One of the communities involved in our submission identified a need for a community food plan. That will help them to understand where the needs are and how they can build resilience by supporting local producers, buyers and the high street in order to add resilience to their local economy and community. They are now looking more broadly at how they can work together.
People have enjoyed working together: they have felt good about getting together, being creative and active and supporting each other as they think about what a shared vision of a green recovery might look like for their community. That is one example of how they would like to extend it.
Because there has been a break from usual patterns, there is an opportunity for change and to think about what has worked and what has not. We must understand what has not worked—that is important—and I agree with those who have commented that we must understand whole communities. If we are to engage with everybody, community development is needed so that all people are part of the conversation. We often hear that certain parts of the community are part of the conversation but that others might not be. We may come back to that.
There are some examples of how we can sustain the positive change. Loyalty to local businesses has been positive, and people are keen to continue that. It is important to make sure that that happens and that the services that folk are looking for are affordable and accessible in the local community.
What is needed is policies and infrastructure that support people and enable positive community responses. Some people are able to work remotely, but not everybody can work conveniently from home. Some people may not have space, peace or connectivity, or they may not have access to printers and photocopiers. There could be support to enable the setting up of community co-working spaces. That might also be helpful for some of the public and community spaces that are currently under threat.
We want everybody to be able to continue walking, cycling and wheeling to their work or to school and to be able to use local services without being at risk from cars and traffic. That requires infrastructure in rural places as well as in urban ones. People felt safe when it was quiet and there was | |
was a Generation 7 Hopkins via his mother, Mehitable Hodges. Her birth and marriage to Ebenezer Hall are noted in the Hopkins Silver Book. Mehitable's line goes back through Andrew Hodges, Hannah Morton, Mary Ring, Deborah Hopkins, and Stephen Hopkins. Image from Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, v. 2 (Chicago: J. M. Beers, 1912), p. 723, digitized by the Boston Public Library.
Harris, Benjamin Winslow
U.S. Congressman Benjamin Harris (R-MA) (1823-1907), was a descendant of at least 8 Mayflower Families, going only from data on the Harris side. (His mother, Mary Winslow Thomas, was described in the book from which this photo came as a descendant of Kenelm Winslow, brother of pilgrim Edward. She turned out to be a Warren descendant.) Benjamin was a Generation 9 Hopkins & Cooke descendant. He was twice a Generation 8 Brown descendant from the marriage of an earlier Benjamin Harris, the congressman's great-grandfather, to Sarah Snow. Both were Generation 5 Browns. Benjamin was also a Generation 8 Bradford, Generation 8/9 Alden-Mullins & Warren, and a Generation 10 Chilton descendant. His Hopkins lineage, through pilgrim Stephen's daughter Damaris, is found in the Cooke Silver Book, as she married pilgrim Francis's son Jacob. Great-grandfather Benjamin is the final Harris entry in that book. The Chilton & Alden Silver Books get only to Arthur Harris, the generation before. The Brown and Hopkins Silver Books get the line as far as Rep. Harris's grandfather, the first Deacon William Harris. Information on his Warren & Bradford descent is given in the description of his son Robert O. Harris, below. Info and image from Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, v. I (Chicago: J. M. Beers, 1912), pp. 54-56, digitized by the Boston Public Library.
Harris, Robert Orr
Son of Rep. Benjamin Winslow Harris, above, Robert O. Harris was a Generation 10 Hopkins & Cooke, a Generation 9 Brown (twice) and Bradford, a Generation 9/10 Alden-Mullins and Warren, and a Generation 11 Chilton. The book from which this photo comes gave evidence for many lines for his father, but stated that the son was a member of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants (GSMD) and also claimed descent from William Bradford and Richard Warren. This turned out to be also through his father's line, via great-grandmother Alice (Mitchell) Harris, wife if the 1st Deacon William Harris, though his grandmother's Warren line turned up later. Alice was daughter of Cushing Mitchell and Margaret (---). Cushing appears as Generation 6 in v3 of the Richard Warren Silver Book, and his descent is via Edward, Alice Bradford, and Mercy Warren (Gen 3) who had married John Bradford, a Generation 2 descendant of the pilgrim. His mother's family (Julia A. Orr, daughter of Robert Orr, esq. of Boston and Melinda Wilbur) merits examination for Pilgrim links. Info and image from Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, v. I (Chicago: J. M. Beers, 1912), pp. 54-57, digitized by the Boston Public Library.
HIGGINS, ALVIN
This might, just might, be the face of a Gen. 9 Hopkins descendant. The most recent Hopkins Silver Book (2001), states that Hannah Snow and Daniel Cole might have had a son named Isaac. Whoever Isaac was, he married an Elizabeth with no known last name, and they had a daughter Hannah, born in Truro, 1715. That Hannah married the Reuben Higgins who was great-grandfather of Alvin. This assumes also that the author of the book containing this photo was correct about the intervening generations, which he likely is. Vital records carry this as far as the birth of Alvin's father, Eleazer, in Truro, 1772 but the family moved to the wilds of Maine a few years later, where online records are harder to come by. The odds are that Alvin knew who his parents and siblings were, though. So, if Isaac is who we think he is, Alvin's line runs: Eleazer Higgins, Reuben, Hannah (Cole) Higgins, Hannah (Snow) Cole, Stephen Snow, Constance (Hopkins) Snow, Stephen Hopkins of the Mayflower. Image and info is from Katherine Chapin Higgins, Richard Higgins...and His Descendants (Worcester, MA: author, 1918), p. 375, digitized by the Allen County Public Library.
HOMER, ABIGAIL
HOPKINS, JAMES FREDERICK
Here is another representative of that rare species: the straight-line male descendant of a male pilgrim. James (b. Newton, MA 1868) has a great grandfather in the Hopkins silver book and an old article in the New England Historical & Genealogical Register includes his grandfather (although the author wasn't sure which wife should take credit for him.) That may be because the father was 73 when the son was born, which makes for a nice, short line for a 20th-century descendant. James's Gen 8 Hopkins line runs: Benjamin Hopkins, Solomon, Seth, Benjamin, Stephen, Giles, Stephen Hopkins, the last two both Mayflower passengers. The image comes from the yearbook of an art college, which kindly dedicated the volume to James, then Director of Art Education for Massachusetts. Now the Massachusetts College of Art and Design, its web site states that the school was instituted in 1873 "in response to the Massachusetts Drawing Act, a progressive 1870 mandate requiring all cities in the Commonwealth of over 10,000 residents to include drawing in their public school curricula." Way to go, Bay State, and thank you James, for carrying out that mandate apparently in admirable fashion. James married in 1893 but I did not check for descendants. Image from The Yearbook of the Massachusetts Normal Art School (Boston: 1917), dedication page, digitized on the Internet Archive.
Hopkins, Myrick
Myrick Hopkins of Maine is a Generation 7 & 8 Hopkins, and a Generation 8 & 9 Brewster, thanks to his grandfather Prence/Prince Hopkins marrying 3rd cousin once removed, Patience Snow. His great-grandfather, Edward Hopkins, had married Sarah Freeman. Both of these women were also Brewster descendants and appear in the Brewster Pink Books. The Hopkins Silver Book actually gets as far as Myrick's father, Prince Hopkins, who is stated to have married Phebe Morse and moved to New Sharon, Maine. The generations listed in the book cited below do agree with the Silver/Pink Books, not always the case in published histories of the 1800s. Image from Kingsbury & Deyo, Illustrated History of Kennebec County Maine (NY: H. W. Blake, 1892), p. 648, digitized by the Allen County (IN) Public Library.
HOWARD, DANIEL S.
Born and died in North Bridgewater (later Brockton) MA, Daniel S. Howard (1818-1904) was a shoe manufacturer and a Gen. 9 Hopkins, Cooke, Priest, and probable Chilton, plus a Gen. 8 Eaton, Standish & Doty (twice), and Gen. 8/9 Alden-Mullins. Vital record and Silver Books back up the claims of the author of the photo from which these images were taken. Daniel S. is sometimes referred to as "Daniel 2d", apparently because there was an older Daniel, an uncle or great uncle. Brockton records also show a "Daniel 4th" and I suspect that there was no one in town who introduced himself as "Daniel Howard the Fourth." However, certain families settled certain towns and stayed there forever, so the town clerks needed a way to tell them apart. The Bridgewater area was full of Packards and Wareham was full of Bumpuses. Daniel's death certificate does say "Daniel S." (The informant was "the family.") See brother Gorham B.'s write-ups in each section for the particular lineages. Image and some info from Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, v. I (Chicago: J. M. Beers, 1912), pp. 41-43, digitized by the Boston Public Library.
HOWARD, GORHAM BRADFORD
As the younger brother (b. 1827) of Daniel S. Howard, above, Gorham B. Howard was also a Gen. 9 Hopkins, Cooke, Priest, and probable Chilton, plus a Gen. 8 Eaton, Standish & Doty (twice), and Gen. 8/9 Alden-Mullins. The brothers' Cooke line runs: Oliver Howard, | |
Windows 10's Task Scheduler automates any app, including maintenance, alarm clocks, and more. In Windows 10, Battery Saver mode modifies the Task Scheduler to use less energy. This article elaborates on how the newest version of Task Scheduler differs from older incarnations.
The Windows 10 Task Scheduler executes scripts or programs at specific times or after certain events (we refer to these as triggers or conditions.) It's useful as a maintenance or automation tool, but in Windows 10 it underwent a significant change for mobile users.
What's New in the Windows 10 Task Scheduler?
The task is set to trigger when the computer is idle.
The task is set to run during automatic maintenance.
The task isn't set to run when the user is logged on.
Because Battery Saver can configure to switch on at certain levels of battery power (like 20%,) this helps substantially reduce power consumption (how to configure Battery Saver How to Optimize Windows 10 for Battery Life How to Optimize Windows 10 for Battery Life Battery life is a pretty important factor for mobile devices. While Windows 10 does offer new features to manage power settings, the defaults are not necessarily contributing to optimal battery life. Time to change that. Read More ). Below is a breakdown of how Windows 10 modifies the Task Scheduler, along with an example.
If Windows detects that the user isn't using their computer, it considers the system idle. Some scheduled processes won't execute in this state. For example, disk optimization runs at set intervals when the computer idles. However, when operating on battery power, running disk optimization on a spin-up Hard Disc Drive (HDD) could prove disastrous for your system's uptime. Logically, Battery Mode delays all tasks that are triggered by idleness.
Those owning a Solid State Drive (what's an SSD? Should You Get A Solid State Drive (SSD)? [Opinion] Should You Get A Solid State Drive (SSD)? [Opinion] If you've kept up with some of the latest news about new computer parts, you may have heard about SSDs, or solid state drives. They are designed to replace your clunky, slow hard drive and... Read More ) may not care if disk optimization runs (what's TRIM? Why TRIM is Important to Solid State Hard Drives? [Technology Explained] Why TRIM is Important to Solid State Hard Drives? [Technology Explained] Read More ), even when the computer uses battery mode; SSD optimization takes seconds. If you're looking to modify or disable any scheduled task, open the Task Scheduler. You can just type "Task Scheduler" into Windows Search and it should show up.
Next, you'll have to dig through a few layers of the Task Scheduler Library. Click on the right-facing chevron (on the left of the entry) to expand the entry for Task Scheduler Library. Then — again — click on the left-facing chevron for Microsoft. Then click on the left-facing chevron for Windows.
From the list of entries that appear, find the Defrag option and click on it. In the center pane, double-click on ScheduleDefrag. Keep in mind that different processes will be located in different parts of the Task Scheduler Library.
Unlike in older versions of Windows, the Windows 10 Task Scheduler doesn't have an off switch. Fortunately, it is possible to locate the item in Task Manager and manually disable it — although users will want to immediately reactive the service after leaving Battery Mode. The program is instrumental to long-term system performance. While on Battery Mode, disabling it adds a small amount of uptime to your laptop or tablet.
To turn the Task Scheduler off, enter the Task Manager by pressing the key combination CTRL + SHIFT + ESC to open the Task Manager. Next, locate the entry for Service Host: Local System (16) and click on the left-facing chevron, which reveals a number of sub-processes. Toward the bottom of this list lies the Task Scheduler. Right click Task Scheduler and select Disable from the context menu. To re-enable it, simply right-click and choose Enable from the context menu. Remember to turn this service back on after leaving Battery Mode.
In addition to tweaks made in concert with Battery Saver, the Task Scheduler also includes a Summary feature — the Summary contains all active tasks. To access this, from within the Task Scheduler, click on Task Scheduler (Local).
The Summary appears in the center pane, under Active Tasks. Below, you'll see several entries dealing with third party software.
According to the Task Scheduler Summary, 71 programs trigger based on criteria within the Task Scheduler. While most are important, a few entries don't matter. These are installed by third party software and aren't really all that important to your computer's operation.
You can view those entries by navigating to the Task Scheduler and clicking on Task Scheduler Library. Toward the center pane, a list of applications will appear. The majority of entries located here relate to updating software. However, a lot of potentially unwanted programs (PUP) store entries in this area. If you see a lot of programs that you don't recognize, you might want to consider running a malware scan 10 Steps To Take When You Discover Malware On Your Computer 10 Steps To Take When You Discover Malware On Your Computer We would like to think that the Internet is a safe place to spend our time (cough), but we all know there are risks around every corner. Email, social media, malicious websites that have worked... Read More .
Should You Mess With the Windows 10 Task Scheduler?
If you know what you're doing, then definitely. The Task Scheduler offers much more than optimized battery performance. It can automate boring processes 4 Boring Tasks You Can Automate With the Windows Task Scheduler 4 Boring Tasks You Can Automate With the Windows Task Scheduler Your time is too valuable to be wasted with repetitive tasks. Let us show you how to automate and schedule tasks. We have a few great examples, too. Read More , including suspend and sleep. For anyone looking to shave a few precious minutes off their work routine, the Task Scheduler is a must-use tool.
Does anyone else use Windows 10's Task Scheduler? Let us know how you've tweaked it in the comments.
Explore more about: Battery Life, Computer Maintenance, Windows 10, Windows Task Scheduler.
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Is there a way to start a Windows 10 App with the task scheduler? I tried to set it up to start my iHeartRadio app in the morning so I could wake up to my radio station, but TS tells me that it can't start an app like that.
I don't believe Windows 10 can use the Task Scheduler to launch Windows 10 apps (from the app store).
I know that the Android version of those apps includes alarm support. I'm not sure if you can create functional alarms on the Windows 10 platform. In the past, we would use Task Scheduler to wake the computer up and turn on the music player. In WIndows 10, though, I don't see any option in the iHeartRadio app to set an alarm.
Thanks for the quick answer. You're correct about the Android version, although you might be interested to know that it doesn't work. Hopefully I can find a third party app or program that can do what I'd like.
Is there an Event in Task Scheduler that fires a job when Windows wakes up?
It looks like it's not intuitive at all, but it should work. I could be wrong though.
Have Widows 10 Pro and this articles pictures DOES NOT look like the task scheduler on this system.
That's strange, I also have Windows 10. Maybe it's the Task Manager and not the Task Scheduler?
You can use Task Scheduler | |
Alma Cruse Tanner was born May 7, 1847 in Newbury, Berkshire, England. He is the 7th child of Thomas and Mary Cruse Tanner. His father Thomas was born June 2, 1807 in Newbury, Berkshire, England and his parents are Thomas Tanner and Jemima Mumford. Alma's mother Mary Cruse is the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Cruse. Thomas Tanner and Mary Cruse were married in the spring of 1831 in the old Newbury Church.
Alma's older siblings were as follows: Thomas Tanner, born August 9, 1831 in Newbury Berkshire, England. James Mumford Tanner, born July 14, 1833 in Whyfield, Boxford, Berkshire, England at the home of Mary Cruse Tanner's parents. William Tanner, born October 12, 1836. He died of consumption at the age of 9 and was buried in the western part of the southern grave yard of the old church burying ground, Newbury, Berkshire, England. George Tanner, born October 13, 1839. He died on April 14, 1875 in Tooele City, Utah and was buried in the Tooele City Cemetery. He left his widow Martha Craner and four children- George, Thomas, John, and Elizabeth. Ebenezer Tanner, born March 6th, 1842 in Newbury, Berkshire, England. And Joseph Tanner, born July 21st, 1844 in Newbury, Berkshire, England.
Alma's mother gave birth to a sister Mary who died the same day in the year 1849. She was buried in the Woodburn Church Burying Ground in the village of Woodburn Green Buchenhamshire, England.
Alma's parents were baptized members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by Elder John Carter of Hampstead, in the Spring of 1843, 4 years before Alma was born. Thomas was ordained to the office of an Elder by Elder William Mayor, October 22nd, 1843. They removed their family from the town of Newbury to Woodburn Green in 1847, the year Alma was born, which is about 45 miles NE of Newbury. Thomas baptized several persons which were organized as the Woodburn Green Branch of the London Conference- consisting of eleven members. He was ordained the president of that Branch by Elder Thomas Margrets, the then President of the Newbury Branch of the London Conference and Elder Thomas Squires.
Mr. Thomas Howard, who was a fellow member of the Woodburn Branch, was preparing his family to immigrate to Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA. Mr. Howard proposed to take the Tanners with them and bear all their expenses. They sailed from Liverpool on board the ship Olympus in charge of Captain Wilson bound for New Orleans, America, on March 4, 1851.
The company arrived in New Orleans in April 1851 after a six week voyage. Mr. Howard no longer felt like he could bear the Tanner's expenses, so the Tanner's were on their own to finance their trek to Utah. They travelled by the steamer Atlantic to St. Louis, arriving about May 9th, 1851.
Alma's mother, Mary, gave birth to her last son in St. Louis, September 24, 1851. He lived just 6 days. Mary died the following month on October 11, 1851 of typhus. They were both buried in the St. Louis Cemetery. Alma was just 4 years old when he lost his mother.
One year later, on October 10, 1852, Thomas married Ann Newman in St. Louis. They were married by Elder Gibson. Ann Newman is the daughter of Allen and Sarah Cooper Newman of South Witham, Lincolnshire, England. Both of Ann's parents were already deceased. When Thomas and Ann married, the 6 surviving Tanner sons gained a new mother, and a step-sister, as Ann had a daughter from her previous marriage to George Kelly. Her name was Betsy Ann and she was 11 years old. She was born in Southwitham, Lancaster, England.
They remained in St. Louis, Missouri until 1853, working to acquire funds for the remainder of the journey to Salt Lake City, Utah. Thomas was a shoemaker by trade and also a leather tanner, but each member of the family had to work at whatever they could find to save the necessary funds. Alma's older brother Joseph, who was just 7 at the time, went to work in a tobacco factory.
They finally crossed the Missouri River and commenced their journey on June 3rd of that year. They crossed the plains in Captain Claudius Spencer's Company with an Ox team purchased in St. Louis by a Brother Thomas Carter, an acquaintance from the Newbury Branch, expressly for the Tanner family to use on their journey to Salt Lake City. In their group was Thomas Tanner, his wife Ann Newman Tanner, her sister-in-law and her 3 children, a friend from England Lucy Francis, and the 7 Tanner children, including 5 year old Alma Cruse Tanner.
Their team was very heavy laden. It was a very trying journey. But they made it. They entered the Salt Lake Valley on September 17th, 1853. On that very day, Ann Newman Tanner gave birth to their first child. They named him Valison in honor of their entrance into the Salt Lake Valley. He was a "Son of the Valley." The Tanner family camped a few miles distant from Salt Lake in Echo Summit County for about a month, but then continued to their final destination and arrived in Tooele, City, UT on November 25, 1853.
Over the next few years, Alma gained 3 more siblings. Moroni Tanner was born November 19, 1856. Jemima Mumford Tanner was born November 19, 1859. Allen Newman Tanner was born March 27, 1862. All were born in Tooele, Utah. The family arrived just 5 months after Tooele City's official incorporation in June of that year. The town at the time was 9 square miles.
At first life in Tooele was very difficult. Thomas continued to work as a shoemaker, but also worked at any job he could find. When the children were young, they were in very hard circumstances, having little schooling as they had to pay such a high fee and the family was very poor. Many times the family sat down to a meal of dandelion greens or pigweed greens, and anything else they could find such as rabbits, sego-lily roots and anything to fill them up. Sometimes they exchanged work for some milk from their neighbor Henry Green and they would think it was such a treat to have some bread and milk.
Not long after they arrived, the family built a log home. It had a large living room with a home-woven carpet. It was always well kept and comfortable. Over time, the family began to prosper enough to build a large, two-story home on the same lot. They eventually had an orchard of fruit trees that Thomas took pride in. This included plums, chokecherries, several varieties of apples and some berries. The family also maintained a large vegetable garden.
Alma married Annie Elizabeth Lee on January 2, 1871 in Salt Lake City. Annie is the daughter of Samuel Francis Lee and Ann Dodd White. Alma and Annie's children are listed below. As much information as was available is included. If you have more information, please add to it.
Alma Cruse Tanner, Jr., born April 23, 1872 in Tooele, Utah. He married Agnes Whitelock Dick on February 14, 1898 in Tooele, Utah. They had the following children: Doris Tanner, Alma Deloy Tanner, Afton Agnes Tanner, Della Tanner, John Melvin Tanner, and Marion Tanner. He died August 31, 1957 in Tooele, Utah.
Samuel Tanner, born January 25, 1874 in Tooele, Utah. He died September 14, 1943.
Emma Vilate Tanner, born December 3, 1877 in Tooele, Utah. She married Lewis Delroy Catlin on February 5, 1896 in Grouse Creek, Utah. They were married by Justice of the Peace A. F. Richins. Lewis was born March 26, 1868 to George Washington Catlin and Maria Louisa Sanderson in Mt. Pleasant, Utah. They had | |
miles away and hurled here during a fierce battle between the original Patrick and an Archdemon, reputed to be Samael. A druid had tricked Patrick—who had newly founded his Irish Christian Church—into the fight, yet Patrick had prevailed and gained his first royal patron, the king of Munster. The king christened it the Rock of Cashel and built his principal castle on top, along with a monastery for Patrick—but everyone simply called it the Rock. _A monument to what has been lost,_ thought Liam. A sorcerer could no longer tap into enough Ardor to defeat a demon, and there was not enough Ardor to draw demons to live here. A tragedy on both fronts, his heart told him. The days of epic magical battles were gone. Unless Rhoswen's belief that the Morrígna would return was borne out—an event that she, with her long life span, might experience, but he doubted he would.
His thoughts turned inevitably to Aisling, the last to defeat a demon. How much of Ireland's downfall could be laid at his door for allowing her to live and not rejoin the Morrígna when Anya did? A lot, he conceded. Each decision seemed honorable at the time, but looking back he could see that he had been trapped by his oaths to protect her. Those were the thoughts that haunted his worst nights.
Both the Rock's castle and its monastery had been abandoned after the English invasion. As Liam rode closer, it became evident that the buildings were in ruins. "Stone scavengers?" he asked Rhoswen.
"No. There's more at work here. An enchantment of some kind."
As their horses walked up the steep path to the gate, Liam saw she was correct. It appeared that the structures had been in ruins for hundreds of years, not three, the edges of broken stones softened by weather and covered with moss. Liam asked the exorcist, "Is this the work of your kind?"
Still gagged, the exorcist could only shake his head.
They rode slowly between the rubble, looking for signs of occupation. Alerted by a grating sound, Liam looked up to see a stone wobble on top of a wall that must once have been part of the keep. It fell, striking the exorcist on the shoulder and knocking him off his horse. The exorcist struggled to his feet, his dislocated shoulder hanging low, and began to run. As he passed a standing corner of the monastery, another stone tumbled. This one split his head open.
Liam dismounted and nudged a boulder with his foot. "Was that really necessary?"
The boulder uncurled into the Grogoch Eldan, who replied, "Orders of the Lord of the Rock. No English, and particularly no exorcists."
"The Lord of the Rock?" said Rhoswen.
"Is that what Jordan's calling himself?" said Liam. "You had better take us to him. And we were saving that exorcist to ransom back to the Church."
"They may pay for him still," replied Eldan, his gravelly voice flat. He led them through the empty doorway of the ruined keep. "Best not to call Jordan 'Lord of the Rock' to his face. He hates that nickname."
"Are you responsible for all this?" asked Rhoswen, indicating their decayed surroundings.
"Keeps the English and the Christians from trying to use it." Eldan more mumbled than sang a brief enchantment, and two large floor stones slid back, revealing a stairway. Warm light glowed from below.
"How did you come to serve Jordan?" asked Liam, following Eldan down the stairs.
"It is my penance, serving a human, and one that is not even a Celt."
"Penance for what?"
Eldan glanced back over his shoulder. "I will keep that to myself and thereby keep my head."
The procession reached the bottom of the stairs, which led directly into a well-appointed chamber carved out of the solid rock. Liam recognized the tapestries, carpets, and furniture as having once graced the castle above. Faerie lights hovered near the ceiling, illuminating several passages leading farther into the rock. Eldan guided them to the right, past a chamber still being molded from the rock by two singing Grogoch, and into a room whose walls were lined with shelves. Crates of books and scrolls and piles of vellum manuscripts occupied the middle of the floor. Dryads scurried about, sorting the documents and carrying them up onto the shelves. Through a far door was the final chamber, also lined with shelves, these already filled. At a table in the center, Jordan and Najia were hunched over a papyrus scroll.
"Liam, it's so good to see you again," Najia said, rising and extending her hands. "Last time was such a . . . a tragedy."
A vision of Brigid's body being consumed by flames evoked a familiar ache in his chest, but it also reminded him of all that Najia had done for her at the end. "Greetings, Najia," he replied, taking her hands. "I would like you to meet Rhoswen. You've much in common."
Najia bowed. "I could never hope to have much in common with the skill of an Adhene, much less an Adhene witch."
"Thank you. I've heard of the respect you show the Ardor of my homeland," said Rhoswen, returning the bow. "It's those human witches that seek to control Ardor and corrupt it for their own ends that we've come to ask for your help with."
Liam placed his hand on the small of Rhoswen's back. "If you're going to pass as human, you'll have to learn the art of social conversation before asking favors."
"Rhoswen and I have too much to discuss to worry about such conventions," Najia said.
Jordan hurriedly finished transcribing a line and finally looked up, greeting Liam with a nod. "Please excuse me. It's imperative that I finish this section," he said, his index finger still marking his spot on the text. "If you'll stay for lunch, I'll join you shortly."
Najia led them back to the great chamber, where two Dryads stacked the lunch table with Sicilian wine, fresh roast pork, fine white bread, honey, and sweet salted butter. Two hours slipped by, the conversation flowing with the wine, mostly talk of the ills that had befallen Ireland, before Jordan joined them, the scroll rolled up in his hand, as if he could not bear to part with it. He kissed Najia on the cheek. "I'm sorry for being late. Became absorbed in translating."
"I take it that means you received my message about Brigid's library at Druim Criaidh?" asked Liam.
Jordan dropped into a chair and poured himself a goblet of wine. "Yes. With the help of our Grogoch friends, Najia and I were able to rescue all the grimoires before the VRS League found the place. We also liberated Patrick's library at Armagh. You should have seen the exorcist's face when he opened the chamber door to find that Patrick's complete library had disappeared in the night." Jordan pulled off the end of a bread loaf and smeared it with butter. "There's much research to be done if we're to find a way to preserve the remains of Ardor. I could spend a lifetime down there and not get through it all."
"I'm not going to spend a lifetime in this hole," said Najia.
"Of course, my love. I'm sure we'll be able to find a safe place aboveground, eventually. Liam, you should see these diagrams." Jordan partially unrolled the scroll on the table. "I believe this document is originally from the Library of Alexandria. It must have been taken, perhaps stolen, before that great library's destruction a millennium ago. Najia and I are still working to decipher the accompanying text, but it appears that the Egyptians were also concerned about the loss of Ardor when the Romans wiped out their Nephilim."
"Anything we can use there?" said Liam, catching Jordan's enthusiasm.
"They | |
Home - Red - W0EE509002CSL
Force Majeure Estate Cabernet Sauvignon 2016
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Regions: Washington
Washington (Red Mountain)
Grape Type: Cabernet Sauvignon
Winery: Force Majeure
The estate Cabernet Sauvignon is grown primarily along the southwest ridge of the vineyard. The vines produce small berries with bountiful flavor, concentration and intensity, but also a good degree of finesse, excellent structure and layers of complexity that will continue to develop during extended bottle aging for those who want to cellar and age their wines. The wine is powerful, elegant, full-bodied.
Bottled unfined and unfiltered.100% free run
Pumpovers and punch-downs, up to 45 day macerations
Native yeast, 5 day cold soaks
22 months in 75% new French oak barrels
Fermented in concrete and stainless closed top tanks.
"The 2016 Cabernet Sauvignon Red Mountain Estate is a thrilling effort from winemaker Todd Alexander that rates with some of the most monumental wines to come out of Washington State. Based on 100% Cabernet Sauvignon sourced from their estate vineyard on Red Mountain, brought up in mostly new barrels, it reveals a saturated purple color that's followed by a rich, primordial bouquet of crème de cassis, espresso roast, crushed rock, and graphite. It needs considerable air to start to show its potential yet is a full-bodied, powerful wine that has subtle oak, plenty of sweet tannins, and a huge, layered finish that won't quit. It's the tannin management that's truly spectacular. This brilliant wine needs to be forgotten for 4-5 years and will keep for 2-3 decades."
- Jeb Dunnuck (April 2019), 99 pts
Force Majeure is an ultra-premium winery located in the Walla Walla Valley, specializing in estate-grown, single-vineyard Bordeaux and Rhône-inspired wines. Our wines are meticulously crafted by former Bryant Family Vineyard Winemaker, Todd Alexander. From its inception, Force Majeure has been defined by unwavering commitment to outstanding viticulture and exemplary winemaking. Our original estate vineyard is located in the famous Red Mountain AVA and we have added two new vineyard sites over the past couple of years in the Walla Walla Valley. Our estate vineyards are painstakingly farmed by a stellar team.
"Force Majeure" describes the relentless, powerful elements of Nature that form the terroir of our vineyard. It also identifies the "unstoppable force" initiated when the highest level of viticulture is combined with the highest level of winemaking talent.
Our wines are produced in small quantities and are available via mailing list, as well as through a few select retailers and finer restaurants. We invite you to add your name to our mailing list to receive upcoming wine allocation offers. Wines are typically released two to three times per year.
Vineyards:
"Force Majeure has already established itself in the top tier of Washington wineries." – Harvey Steiman, Wine Spectator
RED MOUNTAIN AVA
Drawing inspiration from the great vineyards of Bordeaux, the Northern and Southern Rhône valleys, as well as parts of Spain, and with a desire to challenge existing viticultural practices in Washington state, we embarked on an ambitious plan to pioneer the very first vineyard on the steep, rocky upper slopes of Red Mountain, from where we knew we could create wines that were profound and powerful yet balanced and finessed, distinct and world-class. Most importantly, we knew the site would be unique and singular.
The effort to develop our Red Mountain estate site involved the careful matching of varietal and clonal selections, trellising and irrigation to the eight distinct soil types in our vineyard that were formed by the ancient Missoula floods, winds and volcanic activity. The outcome is a vineyard articulated into many small "micro-blocks," maximizing the potential of this unique and dynamic site. This steep vineyard ranges in elevation from 960 to 1,230 feet and is, of course, completely farmed by hand. The rocky upper-slope with shallow soil is well suited to the cultivation of varietals such as Syrah and Grenache, while the lower blocks of the vineyard are comprised of deep, well-drained Warden soils, where varietals such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Cabernet Franc excel.
The overall exposure of the site is west/southwest, and the Syrah planted on the hill is tightly spaced to provide some shade on the fruit. The soils have a volcanic foundation, being composed of fractured basalt, concreted ash and wind-blown loess with a high calcium carbonate content and granite erratics from the Missoula floods. The site was purchased in 2004 and development began in 2006.
ROCKS DISTRICT OF MILTON-FREEWATER AVA
We have recently acquired a small vineyard in the Walla Walla Valley, one-hour drive from Red Mountain. The property is partially within the boundaries of the The Rocks District of Milton-Freewater AVA, on the Oregon side of the border, and is located adjacent to the site of our new winery. The portion of the vineyard outside The Rocks District is within the borders of the Walla Walla Valley AVA. The Rocks District is an alluvial fan, and the cobbles that define the area are a result of deposits left by the Walla Walla River. This vineyard was planted between 1992 and 1994, and has a diverse soil profile that sets it apart from other vineyards in the area, and certainly from our Red Mountain site. The amount of soil covering the cobble stones is highest at the north end of the property and most shallow at the southern end. This gives us a lot of diversity within a small area, and the grapes will have different characteristics depending on the soil composition where they are grown. This vineyard is in an area proven to have very distinct terroir, and we know we can push the site further by bringing it under our care and attention.
THE NORTH FORK OF THE WALLA WALLA RIVER
Over the past couple of years, we have been in search of additional land to develop vineyards that differ from our Red Mountain estate, yet are capable of matching or exceeding the quality we achieve from that site. This search resulted in the acquisition of The Rocks District site mentioned previously, as well as the discovery of a new and exiting region about 15 minutes away from there.
As you move east from The Rocks District and our new winery, in about 15 minutes drive the topography changes dramatically – from flat lands with cobblestone soils to deep canyons with tall, steep hills as you approach the Blue Mountains that line the eastern ridge of the Walla Walla Valley. The area is wild and untamed, with only a couple of small vineyards located nearby. This area does not yet have a name, but the locals refer to it the as "The North Fork" because the North Fork of the Walla Walla River runs along the bottom of the canyon.
We have recently acquired a large piece of land in this area. It is a spectacularly beautiful site, and its elevation rises to almost 2100 feet. As it is so close to the Blue Mountains, it receives significantly more rainfall than many other parts of the Walla Walla Valley and Red Mountain. The high temperatures in the summer are more moderate, and the cold temperatures in the winter are less extreme than on the valley floor. The growing season at this site will be longer than either site in The Rocks District or Red Mountain.
This is a huge and exciting step into new and mostly unexplored territory, but promises to feed our passion for hillside sites and the wines made from them. We believe this site is capable of nurturing some of the best wine grapes, not just in the Pacific Northwest, but in North America. The combination of climatic characteristics, exposure and aspects as well as soil | |
Tag: Arthur Hughes
A Victorian Obsession…with frames
from the exhibition A Victorian Obsession: The Pérez Simón collection at Leighton House Museum (14 Nov. 2014 – 29 Mar. 2015)
A Victorian Obsession: The Pérez Simón Collection in the Silk Room, Leighton House Museum (detail). Photo: Todd White Photography
In the 19th century the Pre-Raphaelites, the Olympians and the Aesthetes were supported by a body of cultivated, middle-class entrepreneurs, who wanted to assemble contemporary art collections to rival the Old Masters owned by the upper classes. There were T.E. Plint, the stockbroker, William Graham, the wine merchant and MP, George Rae, the banker, and Frederick Richards Leyland, the shipping magnate, amongst others. In the late 20th and early 21st century there is Juan Antonio Pérez Simón, businessman and art collector, who has assembled a group of Victorian and Edwardian paintings which would have made Lord Leverhulme (1851-1925), the soap grandee and founder of Lever Brothers, feel completely at home.
Fifty-two paintings from this collection have come to Britain, a number for the first time in many years, and are being exhibited – with satisfying appropriateness – in Leighton House, the extraordinary small palace of art built for Frederic, Lord Leighton, from 1864 by the architect George Aitchison. They are by artists who were contemporaries and colleagues, connected with, vying with and often inspired by each other; and a notable aspect of the paintings as a group is the individuality, inventiveness and beauty of many of their frames.
Edward Burne-Jones (1833-98), Fatima, 1862, watercolour & gouache, 31 x 10 9/16 in (78.7 x 26.8 cm)
The earliest of these in the exhibition belong to the Pre-Raphaelites' innovatory period of frame design, and its influence upon their friends and followers, such as Burne-Jones and Arthur Hughes. Burne-Jones's Fatima is a watercolour and gouache, reminiscent in its subject matter, composition and proportions of his even smaller pair of literary heroines – Clara von Bork and Sidonia von Bork (1860) – in the Tate; it may originally have been framed in the same style as the Von Bork pair as well.
Edward Burne-Jones (1833-98), Sidonia von Bork, 1860, watercolour & gouache, 131/8 x 6¾ in ( 33.3 x 17.1 cm), Tate
Burne-Jones's father was a framemaker in Birmingham, and he naturally made his son's first frames. However, the designs introduced by Ford Madox Brown and Rossetti, who were in one of their most imaginative phases at this period, '…baffled the skill of his small workshop', as Burne-Jones's wife put it[1], and the arrangement was tactfully terminated. Burne-Jones's The heart desires in the current exhibition (from the Pygmalion series) has a much later version of this frame, which, although greatly darkened, still looks in fairly good condition. But the pair to the work above, Clara von Bork, had so badly constructed a frame that it has had to be given a new replica outer moulding, the band of three compo runs of tiny bay leaves having crumbled away. If Fatima (painted two years later than the Von Borks) had the same design, this may have been its fate, too. At any rate, its current setting, with a smooth gilded insert instead of a gilded and butt-jointed oak mount, and a black outer frame with gilt flutes, is similar to patterns used by Ford Madox Brown, and to slightly later studio frames; it may perhaps be a reframing by Burne-Jones, or by an early purchaser.
Arthur Hughes, Enid and Geraint, 1863, o/c, 10 5/32 x 14 5/8 in (25.8 x 37.2 cm)
Arthur Hughes's painting, also of the early 1860s, is similarly indebted to F.M. Brown and Rossetti; it is framed in a version of what Brown referred to as 'Rossetti's thumb-mark pattern'[2], around a shallow-arched, bevel-edged inscribed mount extremely close to those Brown himself habitually used. Hughes is notable for his own contribution to Pre-Raphaelite frame designs, which generally include ivy leaves in various arrangements; these would have been just as appropriate for Geraint and Enid in a wood, but perhaps he needed a rather more affordable frame at this point. Perhaps, equally, this may be a reframing by an owner or dealer.
Rossetti's design, whilst simple and relatively cost-effective, was very versatile and could be adapted to many subjects. Rossetti himself used it mainly for his series of small bust-length portraits of women, set in shallow decorative spaces, where the geometric ornament of the moulding complemented the flat, tapestry-like abstraction of the painting. Used here, for Arthur Hughes's work, it takes on the overtones of a castellated wall, threatening the ideal love of the Arthurian couple, as if with a premonition of the trials they were to pass through.
Alma-Tadema (1836-1912), Returning home from market, 1865, o/panel, 15 15/16 x 22 ¾ in (40.5 x 56.8 cm)
With the remaining 1860s frames in the exhibition, we move from the Pre-Raphaelites to the Olympians and Aesthetes. First is Alma-Tadema, with one of his earlier Roman paintings which replaced the Merovingian subjects he had initially preferred. Whilst honeymooning in Italy in 1863 he had discovered the lure of ancient Rome and an archaeological interest in depicting how daily life might actually have appeared to the Romans themselves. Returning from market transforms the mundane activities of 19th century life by remaking them in Roman guise – and with the appropriation of costume, buildings and accessories from the time of Augustus come the frames, decorated to match. This work is painted using the rather warm, earthy palette Alma-Tadema had preferred for his Merovingian pictures, and in contrast to the bright, cool sunlight and Mediterranean skies of his later work (even Pheidias and the frieze of the Parthenon of 1868, Birmingham MAG, although obviously an interior scene, is still painted in very warm, subdued tones); so that this picture sits on the cusp of his changing style.
Alma-Tadema (1836-1912), Returning home from market, 1865, detail
The frame is also different from what we tend to think of as an Alma-Tadema design, which is generally either an aedicular or a tabernacle frame, plus or minus supporting modillions, base and pediment, or a linear gilt frame with a deeply canted, almost triangular section, painted with a run of dog's-tooth ornament in black. There are a few other idiosyncratic moulding frames, often with incised decoration (e.g. continuous lotus buds); but the pattern of Returning home from market is particularly singular in its design of gold buds and waterlily flowers on a polished ebonized rail: it too seems poised on the cusp of a changing style. The gilded decoration perhaps relates to motifs taken from the Pompeiian pages of Owen Jones's A grammar of ornament (published 1856), as does the combination of gold on a black ground; it is extremely attractive, and the perfect foil to this painting.
Edward Poynter, Andromeda, 1869, o/c, 20 3/16 x 14 1/16 in (51.3 x 35.7 cm)
Edward Poynter, another of the Olympians (Victorian classicizing painters), is represented here by the small Andromeda of 1869. Poynter was almost as inventive a designer of appropriate classical frames for his work as was Alma-Tadema, and the 'Watts' frame of Andromeda is rather unexpected – especially since the swirling abstracted composition of the painting has much in common with Diana and Endymion (1901, Manchester CAG; identical frame to The cave of the storm nymphs, 1902 ). Andromeda, however, has a butt-jointed 'Watts' frame (named by association with the artist G.F. Watts), and appears to be original; it may pre-date Poynter's aedicular frames, or be the choice of a collector. The 'Watts' frame derives from an Italian Renaissance cassetta, with a carved outer edge of acanthus leaves, a sight edge of husks or other small ornament, and a frieze which might be either plain or decorated with punchwork. It works well with the painting, complementing its flat, decorative qualities, and introducing | |
World Spree Travel Markets $1599 Air-Inclusive Tour of Vietnam, Country in Spotlight with Trump-Kim Summit
02/25/19 / MoralCompass / Asia/Pacific, Asia/Pacific travel / tours to Vietnam, Vietnam, Vietnam tours
World Spree's 13-day air-inclusive "Amazing Vietnam" package that starts with two days in Hanoi, the capital city © Dave E Leiberman/goingplacesfarandnear.com
Bellevue, WA—The eyes of the world are on Vietnam this week with President Donald Trump and North Korea's leader Kim Jong-Un meeting in Hanoi. For travelers whose interest has been sparked, World Spree offers a very affordable and appealing tour that covers all the highlights of this increasingly popular destination. (Travel expert Pauline Frommer led a recent group.)
The 13-day Amazing Vietnam tour, which starts at $1,599 from Los Angeles and San Francisco ($100 more from New York), includes round-trip international airfare, ground transportation in Vietnam, accommodation in deluxe hotels (like the Hanoi Nikko and Grand Hotel Saigon), daily buffet breakfast, five other meals, an overnight cruise on Halong Bay, sightseeing tours with entrance fees, professional English speaking guides, baggage handling and audio earphones.
The tour starts in Hanoi, Vietnam's lovely capital, full of parks and French-colonial mansions and a fascinating Old Quarter of tiny shops and street vendors. Sightseeing here includes monuments associated with Ho Chi Minh and there's an optional tour of the Old Quarter and the infamous "Hanoi Hilton" prison. Next comes a tour highlight: an overnight cruise on a traditional-style junk through the beautiful waters of Halong Bay, which is celebrated for its spectacular seascape of towering limestone pillars and some 1,600 islets.
A flight south to Da Nang and a short ride past China Beach brings the tour to Hoi An, a charming market town that retains much of its traditional architecture, with well-preserved temples and pagodas, not to mention shops that can produce a bargain-priced dress in 24 hours. On to Hue, the old imperial capital and its wealth of royal palaces, temples and gardens. Sightseeing here includes the impressive Citadel and its Forbidden City and there's an optional cyclo excursion through the old town, ending with a very special banquet.
And finally, the bustling metropolis called "Saigon" (officially Ho Chi Minh City), where skyscrapers are rising beside ancient temples and French-colonial landmarks. Here there are two not-to-be-missed optional excursions: the Mekong Delta, known as Vietnam's "rice basket," and the truly unbelievable Cu Chi Tunnels.
Prices are per person, double occupancy, and are subject to availability. For more information, log onto www.worldspree.com, click Vietnam and then Amazing Vietnam, or call toll-free 1-866-652-5656.
World Spree Travel, which started 15 years ago as China Spree, with tours of China, is a tour operator renowned for 5-star trips at 3-star prices. Based in Bellevue, Washington, World Spree has expanded all over Asia and now operates tours to China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bali, Myanmar and, yes, Peru and Ecuador. Foodie tours are on the horizon. Some 70% of World Spree's tour participants are repeat clients who value well-planned trips at a reasonable price.
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Explore Laos by Bicycle with Grasshopper Adventures
02/21/19 / MoralCompass / Adventure Travel, Asia/Pacific travel, bike trips / bike tours, biking in Laos, Grasshopper Adventures, Laos bike tour, Visit Laos
On Grasshopper Adventures' 8-day cycling tour, guests pedal past karst mountains, alongside rivers, and through remote hill tribe villages.
(Bangkok, Thailand) — With its dense forests, limestone caves and seemingly endless waterways, Laos is a dream destination for intrepid travelers seeking an off-the-beaten-track corner of Asia. On Grasshopper Adventures' 8-day cycling tour, guests pedal past karst mountains, alongside rivers, and through remote hill tribe villages. They boat down the Mekong River, hang out with Buddhist monks, take cooking lessons, learn about rice wine making, and visit both bear and elephant conservation sanctuaries.
"This tour gets people away from the large infrastructure works that are being undertaken throughout much of the country and closer to what Laos is all about, the villages, the tribes and the natural environment," said Grasshopper Adventures founder Adam Platt-Hepworth.
The cycling offers nice variety, including back roads and quiet highways. There are some short, manageable climbs, but the stunning views and Hmong village scenery are ample rewards for the effort. Most days include undulating terrain, with a fair share of flat pedaling along winding river roads.
"When not exploring by bike, we make use of boats for some added variety," said Platt-Hepworth. "There is a good mix of on and off-bike activities with a number of free afternoons to spend at your leisure, be it enjoying some R&R or delving deeper into the environment."
Tour highlights:
Exploring Mekong Elephant Park
Taking Laotian cooking lessons
Boating down the Mekong River to see river/village life
Touring sacred Pak Ou caves filled with thousands of Buddha relics
Experiencing the traditional Monks Alms ceremony in Luang Prabang
Cycling to Wat Xieng Thong, one of Laos' most important monasteries
Seeing how silk is made at Ock Pop Tock
Learning about rice wine making
Visiting the Free the Bears enclosure
Partaking in massage and yoga a luxurious resorts
The trips starts at $2,600 per person double and include 195 km of moderate cycling from Muang Xa to Luang Prabang. For more information, visit https://www.grasshopperadventures.com/en/scheduled-tours/lao-lao.html.
Pacific Delight Develops Active Tour of Vietnam & Cambodia by Boot, Bike & Boat
02/21/19 / MoralCompass / Adventure Travel, Asia/Pacific / active tour of Vietnam and Cambodia, Bike and Boat, Pacific Delight Tours, Vietnam and Cambodia active tour, Vietnam and Cambodia by Boot, Vietnam and Cambodia tour
Pacific Delight guests on the new Active Southeast Asia tour will enjoy an exhilarating eco-adventure with a bird's-eye view of Cambodia's jungle.
After launching a specialized program highlighting Vietnam's Culinary Delights which includes a chef popularized by the late Anthony Bourdain, Pacific Delight Tours has now developed a 12-day Active Southeast Asia tour. The itinerary targets adventure seekers interested in delving off the beaten path to discover local life and culture both within and outside of major cities throughout Vietnam and Cambodia by bike, boat and boot.
Highlights include a luxury cruise through Ha Long Bay, a UNESCO World Heritage Site where participants will enjoy an onboard cooking demonstration in addition to exploring Sung Sot Cave and hiking 600 steps to observe the magnificent limestone formations (with an option to kayak around the islets). An overnight train to Lao Cai will bring travelers to the seldom visited villages of Sa Pa and Giang Ta Chai, in the mountainous region of northwestern Vietnam, where they will trek terraced rice paddies to interact with the Hmong, Dzay and Dzao ethnic minorities. Visitors will also observe Silver Waterfall cascading more than 300 feet from Vietnam's highest mountain pass.
Exploration of Vietnam continues in Ho Chi Minh City (formerly known as Saigon), where guests will experience the city's burgeoning nightlife scene by streetlamp with a vintage Vespa tour of the bustling streets and narrow alleyways of the colonial French Quarter. Participants will bike rustic Ben Tre, known for its peaceful orchards and coconut fields,for an immersive experience with the culture of the Mekong Delta. A local antique collector known as Uncle Six will welcome guests into his home and teach participants how to climb a coconut tree with their bare hands. Travelers will row across shaded canals to board a lunch cruise where they will sample local specialties including sweet coconut desserts.
In Cambodia, a bike excursion through the Angkor Wat temple complex will cross the UNESCO World Heritage Site's vast moat and continue along its causeway to view more than 1,700 Asparas (celestial dancers) carved into the temple walls-the longest continuous bas-relief structure in the world. For an aerial view, a Flight of the Gibbons canopy zipline eco-adventure will traverse hanging bridges and provide inspiring views of the surrounding tropical rainforest as sky rangers impart knowledge of the Cambodian jungle.
Travelers will explore Chong Kneas Floating Village by boat to learn about the daily lives of local communities living around the lake. A visit to the | |
In 1881, for example, a visitor to India noted that his host, the Rev. Francis Heyl, was running "an important educational establishment with an average attendance of 116 scholars"; adding as an afterthought that Heyl had "also the care of the Blind Asylum in Allahabad." [189]
11.6 Hundreds of thousands of people died in the 1837 famine, and the missionaries could not easily forget the state in which orphans arrived. Chambers described a scene at Agra, echoed or amplified in all the subsequent famine reports: "The children, when first thrown on us, were a most harrowing spectacle - emaciated skeletons, the skin shrivelled on their cheek bones, so that they looked like very aged men and women: half clad, as most poor children are, their ribs stood out prominently, like the bars of a grate. In such a state of inanition were they, that it was necessary to feed them at first by a spoonful at a time." [190] Many of these children soon died; some continued for a few months; some survived, but with lasting damage. The Rev. John James Erhardt recalled that among the first 330 famine orphans at Agra, many became blind through disease allied to overcrowding and low resistance, until eventually better premises were found at nearby Secundra. [191] The actual daily care of these children fell, of course, into the hands of missionary wives and their Indian assistants, which further contributed to its modest or absent status in historical accounts.
11.7 Of the blind orphans themselves, very few details are available from the first half of the century. At Secundra, the Rev. C.T. Hoernle reported on one, who "made himself very useful in the baking room, preparing all the chapatees for the oven... Before he commenced his work in the above capacity, he used to attend at School with an Urdu class of his age, and tho' he could but sit there; yet, by hearing the other boys read and repeat their lessons in the New Testament, he learnt, aided by an extraordinary memory, the whole gospel of Matthew and parts of the other gospels, and was able to recite any chapter which he was asked." [192] That capable boy died, and so he figured in Hoernle's report. There is no way of knowing how many other blind children gained skills and survived to independent adulthood. Equally little is known about the vastly greater numbers of blind children and adults who lived quietly in their families, in villages far removed from the urban centres of British rule.
12.1 Occasionally, a blind person emerged into the limelight. One of the more remarkable, in 19th century India, was William Cruickshanks, who was born at Vellore in the Madras Presidency around 1800. Apparently his Irish father abandoned William, still very young, at the Madras Military Orphan Asylum. There, his eyesight weakened and he became blind at the age of twelve or thirteen - yet he later became headmaster of that Asylum, and of several other schools. [193] His education must have been very largely oral, and quite haphazard, yet he persevered with memorising whatever came his way, and gathered sufficient learning to be able to obtain work as a tutor in private families. [194] He was married twice, and had several children. By 1838 he had made sufficient impression in educational circles in Madras, that he was appointed headmaster of the Native Education Society's School, with 100 pupils; and in 1841 he was headmaster of the Orphan Asylum where he had spent his boyhood. However, it was as head of the Anglican missionaries' Anglo-Vernacular School in Palamcotta (Palankottai) that Cruickshanks gained fame, working there for 26 years, until the late 1860s. [195]
12.2 Cruickshanks was a keen Christian evangelist and brooked no objection from his Hindu pupils to this aspect of the curriculum. He even traded on his blindness, by ignoring boys' efforts to take their leave when he was preaching at them individually - the hapless lads could not rely on visual signals of their wish to depart, and were too polite simply to walk away. [196] Less partisan was his enthusiasm for music, as a performer on flute and violin, and conductor of choral singing. [197] He retired from the post at about the age of seventy and took up tutoring of University candidates at Madras; but "once more, in 1875, the aged schoolmaster found a new sphere of usefulness" when asked to oversee the opening of a new school. This was his final work, and he died in 1876. [198] Cruickshanks had some advantage in his first twelve years of eyesight; and in being Eurasian, which probably made easier his advancement as a teacher. Yet his initial status as a friendless orphan could hardly have been lower; and he could have had no formal help as a blind person and educator by way of learning to read Lucas or Moon scripts until he was in his forties. (No evidence has been seen on whether Cruickshank did learn to use either method).
12.3 Throughout the 19th century, an unknown number of blind children like young William Cruickshanks and the lad noted above by Erhardt were casually integrated with sighted children, picking up whatever they could from oral repetition which was the major tool of pedagogy. Priscilla Chapman remarked on a blind girl at Calcutta in 1826, who "from listening to the other children, got by heart many passages from the Gospels". [199] The presence of such children, and the lack of any special means to assist their education, concerned some teachers at the Bengal Military Orphan Institution, Calcutta, who in 1838 or early 1839 requested help from the London Society for Teaching the Blind to Read. [200] Materials printed with the Lucas system were provided, and early in 1841 the London Society reported "a pleasing document which has lately been received from the Managers of the Bengal Military Orphan Asylum, in which it is stated that the Blind Orphans in that Institution were learning to read upon Lucas's system, and their joy and satisfaction were great at acquiring such an important source of instruction." [201]
12.4 The year 1844 saw despatch from London of "a further supply of embossed books, for the Blind Children of that Institution." [202] These blind orphans at Calcutta seem to have been the first in South Asian history to be educated in a school with a formal system designed for their needs. Their identities, and those of their teachers, remain unknown. It may yet be possible to discover some of them in local archives.
13.1 One of the forgotten pioneers of education for blind people was Mrs Jane Leupolt, formerly Miss Jane Chambers Jones. She had been among the first three women sent to India by the Society for the Promotion of Female Education in the East, in 1835, as a trained infants teacher, working initially at Burdwan, about 70 miles north west of Calcutta, before moving to Benares (Varanasi). [203] For many years, amidst multiple duties, Jane Leupolt concerned herself with blind children in the Orphan Institution at Sigra, Benares, for which she was largely responsible, as well as with some local blind adults. [204] Mrs Leupolt went on leave to England in April 1857, just before the Sepoy Rising and subsequent traumas. [205] She and her husband returned in December 1860, having collected ideas and inspiration for the future of their work. [206] They had visited William Moon at Brighton, who subsequently reported that "The wife of a Missionary lately returned to Benares, tells us of a Blind native Christian woman who is already useful in teaching. A chapter embossed in her own tongue is gone out, and she will probably soon learn to read it | |
Merriam Webster definitions of a reach. While both are applicable, I've come to realize with each trip, that I am indeed on some sort of progression, some night by night, place by place, method of arriving at something. Of what, I am not certain, but the additive process of disconnecting and absorbing life in different and varied places in a very basic, raw way, is definitely a journey that heals and influences me. Stripped down to a place to sleep and a basic shelter, amidst wonders both simple and astounding, I feel different. And, I think, if I can carry some little bit of each reach forward, I will be different. And better. Of course that is up to me, but everyone should, I think, find a reach or series of reaches of their own design that help them.
Driving across the causeway onto Cape Breton and feeling the wind off the Bay of St. Lawrence press against the truck as whitecaps smashed against the rock wall of the jetty, it seemed like this reach was going to be worth it. Was going to stick with me. Gone were the last minute hustling and bustling of tests and traffic and re-routing. Gone were the worries of what might or might not happen and what I did or did not need. Cape Breton stretched north and eastward completely unknown to me and completely unconcerned with anything I might carry with me.
Lobster Boats at Low Tide, Bay of Fundy
Getting to Cape Breton was sort of a prologue for all that. A mise en place of remarkable geology and landscape to help make the final dish easier to absorb and appreciate. We started along the western shore of the Bay of Fundy, hard along the red rock cliffs that dipped periodically into tight little harbors where lobster boats sat upright on the mud, their keels dug in and props protected, awaiting the incoming tide. It is as odd a thing to see a boat tied to a dock with no water under it as I can think of. Nothing about the visual is normal. But of course here, in this context, with these people, it is completely normal.
The part of Fundy with the single biggest tidal change among all the spots in the bay with the overall biggest tidal change, is Hopewell Rocks. You can go there and take a nice hike down to the edge of the rocks where the Province has been kind enough to build 111 steps between the rocks to the floor of the ocean in the Bay of Fundy. From half tide to low tide and back to half tide, you can go down and walk around amidst the kelp and rock and red sand knowing that in a few hours it will all be under water again. The incoming tide moves forward a linear foot every four minutes. By hide tide, the popular "Lovers Rock" a rock with a hole some 20-25 feet in diameter in the middle of it, will look just like a normal rock — the water will cover the hole. So over the course of 12 hours, a place that you think you recognize will be so utterly different you could look right past it. Its not at all like high and low tide at a beach where the very same beach just grows wider or narrower. It is a different world all together, where 40-50 foot boats loaded with lobster pots go from useless to productive, and landmarks in the shoreline go from photogenic to invisible. It is, to put it mildly, humbling.
Lovers Rock at Hopewell Rocks, Bay of Fundy
And today all of it, the trip up along Fundy and the crossing over to Cape Breton, marked a sort of crossing over for me — to the reach, that individual part of progression of a journey I've been waiting for. I believe the next several days way up here on Cape Breton are going to be excellent. Tonight, we cooked sausages on a coal fire and watched a bald eagle hunt the estuary we are overlooking, and listened as the steady breeze rattled aspen leaves around our campsite. Not much else happened. And that is really the point.
Oh Canada
On October 8, 2021 By RopeAndChainIn The Eastern Reach2 Comments
Worrying shortens your life. Not worrying leaves you often unprepared. It's the magic middle you are looking for — do your best to prepare, be agile when the moment comes and don't worry about what you can't change. Live.
That's what we did. We packed up on the banks of the Housatonic and hauled it Manchester New Hampshire to get a test we weren't sure was going to be real because the rules said we had to have it. We had a schedule that would allow us to get into Canada by nightfall on the shores of the Bay of Fundy, all ready for an early morning ferry ride to Nova Scotia. We had done everything we could, so now we just went.
The test was easy and very professional, the results were negative and received in time, we got a gold star from the Canadian Customs Agent who said we were the most prepared folks he'd seen all day, and, we made it into Canada.
There are allot of bodies of water in the world. Not one single one of them has the tidal range of the Bay of Fundy. You can look it up (I did) and find out that the average tidal change is something like 3 to 4 feet. The Bay of Fundy tidal range is about 50 feet or so. One hundred billion tons of water moves in and out of the bay four times every 24 hours. I hope to get some pictures tomorrow, but from the drive in, I can tell you it looks like a giant vacuum somewhere out at sea is sucking the water out — at one point a power plant generated power just from the tidal flow it is so strong.
It seems to me, uninformed as I am, that this would make the bay a challenging port but St. John, hard in the center of the bay, where we are spending the night, is the third largest port in Canada by volume. It is also and old city — it is the second oldest permanent European settlement in North America, bested only by St Augustine Florida, and a few years older than Jamestown. It's like the Europeans wanted to tie down the corners and work from there. In actuality, St. John is a story much like the rest of North America. Native (North) Americans were here, the Portuguese discovered it but couldn't hold it, the French and the English fought over it for a long time, and eventually the English took it by treaty. Colonists loyal to England came here during and after the American Revolution, and now it is a melting pot of cultures.
History, conquest and culture aside, the land is beautiful. The granite edges are sharp, the evergreen and hardwood forests are dense, and the sea is active and violent. And they all come together in various coves and cliffs and tidal marshes in a way that is both calming and exciting. The ferry across the turbulent bay is, however, down for repairs. So rather than sailing across it tomorrow, we will drive around it and across a causeway to Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. I'm actually looking forward to the drive — the scenery should be great, and I want to see the tide came and go from the shore, where the effects of the range are more noticeable. We will make it to | |
there who has your name as the person they would call if they found themselves in a foreign jail?
Get a good friend, and hold on to him or her for dear life. More important, remember to share the silver. Be the friend you'd like to have!
> **A true friend is often the finest possession anyone can ever have. A real friend can help you find happiness and achieve all that you ever wanted. Now here's the rub. Most of us would love to have a friend like that. But the question is—are you a friend like that? Are you the person who's making a difference in someone's life?**
## The Secret of Sachin Tendulkar
Sachin Tendulkar is special. And he will remain that way. Forever. Not just for the runs he has scored and the games he has won, but for the sense of pride he has instilled in an entire nation, allowing us all to believe that we can take on the world—and win. And for the sheer joy he has provided to the world at large with his masterly batting. There is no doubt about the fact that long after he has hung up his boots, he will still be spoken of as a genius, a rare talent, a superstar who lit up our galaxy.
So what made Sachin so special? Was this a case of exceptional innate talent? Those eyes that seemed to pick up a ball just a bit quicker than everyone else, those wrists that seemed to be able to turn a cricket bat into a magic wand, and the footwork that allowed him to dance down to the pitch of a ball with ballerina-like perfection—were all those just God-given gifts, lovingly bestowed on the chosen one?
Or was it his attitude? His fighting spirit and mental strength were best epitomized that day in Sialkot when, in a Test match India was fighting to save, he got hit on the nose by a bouncer from Waqar Younis. And when the non-striker, Navjyot Singh Sidhu, and the team physio advised that he retire hurt, Tendulkar dismissed their suggestion with those magical words: _'Main khelega!'_ 'I'll play,' he said. Nay, he said, 'I'll fight!' Two words that defined the genius of the man!
But there's something else that might actually reveal the secret of Tendulkar's greatness. Something that goes beyond talent and attitude. Gary Kirsten, the former India team coach, spoke about it. And it's something we could all learn and benefit from.
Towards the end of Kirsten's stint as India coach, Cricinfo spoke to him about all things cricket. And of course when the discussion veered to Tendulkar and what made him special, here's what Kirsten had to say: 'Tendulkar studies the whole book for the exam! He does not leave anything to chance. He will never finish a net session till he has made sure he has done everything that he feels is required to get ready for the next match. Sometimes it means facing three hundred balls in the nets, sometimes fifteen hundred balls!'
Wow! Think about it. After twenty-five years of top-class cricket, he still studies the whole book for the exam! If he scored a hundred in a Test match, he'd probably end up facing from a hundred and fifty to two hundred balls. And yet, in practice, he could end up facing fifteen hundred balls. How many of us do that in our lives?
Several talented folks with a solid track record behind them begin to think that they can wing it past any challenge, that they don't need to prepare any more. And that sets them up for failure. Most of us grow up looking for shortcuts. What's the least effort we need to put in to get by?
But as Tendulkar showed, the truly great guys ask a different set of questions of themselves: 'What more can I do to succeed? Have I done all I can to take care of any eventuality?' Their results are driven by hard work. And not just talent or attitude. By sweat, tears and toil. Not just God-gifted talents or luck.
As we've seen before, success happens when preparation meets opportunity. The opportunity comes to us all. The question is, how prepared are we when opportunity comes knocking? Take a leaf from Tendulkar's book. Sweat it out. Prepare. Never mind how successful you are, remember, every dawn brings a new day.
We may not all have Tendulkar's talents. Or his mental strength. But we can all have his work ethic. Slog, remember to study the whole book for the exam.
> **Tendulkar studies the whole book for the exam! Do you?**
## Want to Be a Good Leader? Just Do It!
Here's a simple question to get you started. There are three monkeys sitting on a tree branch stretching out over a pond. One of the monkeys decides to jump into the pond. How many monkeys are left on the tree?
Did I hear you say, 'Two'?
Wrong. The right answer is three. You see, the monkey only made the decision to jump into the pond. He didn't actually jump! What's true for those monkeys is probably true for all of us. We take decisions and make resolutions. But for some reason, we don't follow through with action. And intent without action is really quite useless. Getting started—taking that first step—is often the master key to success. As someone once said, you don't have to be great to get started. But you sure have to get started to become great!
Great leaders have a strong bias for action—a let's-get-moving attitude that pushes the entire team to a heightened sense of activity. Do you find yourself struggling to take action on your plans and intentions? Well, here's a five-point programme to help you move from intent to action. From good to great.
**1. Make a beginning—right away.** Whatever be your goal, take the first step, however small. Until you take that first step, your mind does not believe you. You need to signal to yourself that you mean business. Commit to taking action, immediately. Today. Now.
**2. Break up the grand plan into smaller tasks.** As the Johnnie Walker advertisement keeps reminding us, a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. Sometimes the task ahead looks so enormous that we feel overwhelmed and don't do anything about it. Break that up into smaller sub-tasks, and suddenly, you'll find something that's doable. Remember that old adage 'Something is better than nothing'? It still rings true.
**3. Visualize your success.** Think of the pleasure, not the pain. If you want to acquire an MBA degree at a premier school and plan to devote three hours a day to studying, don't think about missing the football game on television, or not being able to go out for that Saturday night bash. Think instead of the job that you could get after your MBA, the rewards that it would bring, the dreams that would get realized.
**4. Create a support group.** Surround yourself with people who share your objective and are co-passengers on your journey to success. The excitement of being in it together will help you fight the inertia and get you going, egged on by the rest of the gang.
**5. Pay up—in advance.** For most of us, monetary commitments are a strong impetus for action. The fear of losing money or wasting it can spur you into action. We follow up on our commitments, if only to ensure that our money is well spent. Plan to lose weight? Pay up for that three-month weight loss programme. Don't wait—make that commitment, financial or otherwise!
Bestselling management guru Tom Peters narrates the tale of a man who approached the legendary American financier and banker, J.P. Morgan, with | |
battery powered bike
An Analysis of Shakespeare's Sonnet 116 Shakespeare's Sonnet 116, denying Time's harvest of love, contains 46 iambic, 15 spondaic, 6 pyrrhic, and 3 trochaic feet. *Hey! it is an ever-fixed mark That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wand'ring bark, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. Shakespeare Sonnet 117 Analysis The poet tells the fair lord that he can accuse him of wasting opportunities "Accuse me thus: that I have scanted all" to repay him what he owes the youth "Wherein I should your great deserts repay". Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come; Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. The matter of debate has always been whether it remained platonic or became physical. The barks which are wandering here and there are given direction by the star. The poet begins the sonnet by stating that one should not stand in the way of a marriage of true minds. If this be error and upon me prov'd, I never writ, nor no man ever lov'd. O no! Owl Eyes is an improved reading and annotating experience for … Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. The last two lines introduce us to the first person speaker, who suggests to the reader that if all the aforementioned 'proofs' concerning love are invalid, then what's the point of his writing and what man has ever fallen in love. It is about everlasting love and is widely known for its idealistic vision of a loving relationship. The best Sonnet 116: Let me not to the marriage of true minds study guide on the planet. Literary Analysis Of William Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 The rest of the poem-which is all one sentence-then explores this central problem, and, in doing so, creates a poem through the very action of questioning the limits of poetry" (Woolway). Overall, Shakespeare does an excellent job of expressing his ideas. Within his bending sickle's compass come; Love is not harvested by time's sharp edge, it endures. Summary and Analysis Sonnet 146 Summary The poet now somberly ponders why his soul, as "Lord" of his body, spends so much of its time seeking earthly desires when it should be most concerned about ensuring its immortality. Sonnet 116 sets out to define true love by firstly telling the reader what love is not. Most of his sonnets were dedicated to someone known as 'Mr. Did you enjoy the Sonnet 116 Analysis and summary? Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. Comment your queries underneath. In comparison with most other sonnets, sonnet 116 strikes readers as relatively simple. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove. - We are a bunch of young undergrad bloggers who are trying to merge various pieces of information, compile them and present our assessments and interpretations to help out people around the world. Apparently, the poet knew perfectly well that love should be appreciated for what it is, with no considerations given to the fact that it seldom proves long-lasting. The poet now compares love to a star. Autism evaluations and phases of its treatment. Love never binds us to anything. The sonnet, a fourteen-line poetic form that originated in medieval Italy, made its way over to England through the very popular poems of Petrarch, an Italian poet, and Ronsard, a French one. Structure Sonnet 116 is an English or Shakespearean sonnet.The English sonnet has three quatrains, followed by a final rhyming couplet.It follows the typical rhyme scheme of the form abab cdcd efef gg and is composed in iambic pentameter, a type of poetic metre based on five pairs of metrically weak/strong syllabic positions. W.H.'. But the identity of Mr. W.H hasn't been found yet. The first twelve lines build to a climax, asserting what love is by stating what it is not. Shakespeare's 154 sonnets were first published as an entity in 1609 and focus on the nature of love, in relationships and in relation to time. The Sonnet 116 has been valued in the past four hundred years for its enthusiastic and encouraging note. Like the varying magnitudes of stars that distinguish the sky's The reading of Sonnet 116 also leaves only a few doubts that, although rather intuitively, Shakespeare was knowledgeable of the ways, in which one's psyche actually operates – something that can be proven, in regards to the lines: Only at TermPaperWarehouse.com" Because of the sea waves or other factors, the lighthouse will not be moving from its destined position. In this couplet, the poet actually challenges everyone out there to prove the quatrain wrong. His poems are published online and in print. It then continues on to the end couplet, the speaker (the poet) declaring that if what he has proposed is false, his writing is futile and no man has ever experienced love. He/she arrives with a sudden thrust and straight away declares that he/she will not let any hindrance to the communion of true minds. Literary Devices in Sonnet 116 Shakespare makes use of several literary devices in 'Sonnet 116,' these include but are not limited to alliteration, examples of caesurae, and personification. They are going to have the bond of love in their heart and as a consequence, they can keep their relationship almighty even during their physical nonexistence. Visit our poetry page to get more stuff like this.*. The first, alliteration, is concerned with the repetition of words that begin with the same consonant sound. The fastest way to understand the poem's meaning, themes, form, rhyme scheme, meter, and poetic devices. Sonnet 116 is, well, a sonnet. One has to grow and prosper on their own. His sonnets are basically on the theme of beauty, the passage of time, love, and mortality. Most importantly, the sonnet does not blatantly present its theme; instead, the sonnet veils its premise to ensure its integrity as a work in the genre. Lines nine and ten are special for the arrangement of hard and soft consonants, alliteration and enjambment: Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks. They encompass a vast range of emotion and use all manner of device to explore what it means to love and be loved. Sonnet 106 is part of William Shakespeare's collection of 154 sonnets, which were first published in a 1609 quarto., which were first published in a 1609 quarto. Shakespeare adheres to the traditions of the sonnet stringently within 'Sonnet 116', as it consists of fourteen lines in total, with each line consisting itself of … Before you … This poem uses quite a bit of It is not going to change or get away from its position due to the tempests. Sonnet 116 closes with a rather hefty wager against the validity of the poet's words: he writes that if what he claims above is proven untrue, then he "never writ, nor no man ever loved." It's a kind of entity which never changes. In Sonnet 116, for example, the ideal relationship is referred to as "the marriage of true minds," a union that can be realized by the dedicated and faithful: "Let me not to the marriage of true minds / Admit impediments." But the identity of Mr. W.H understanding towards each other it goes on declare! To the sonnet 116 strikes readers as relatively simple lines ), where the dedication has done. This chapter, scene, or section of Shakespeare's sonnets fill this is a fixed star that direct... | |
to encompass
> 'the crucial ambivalence of our human presence in our history, part-subjects, part-objects, the voluntary agents of our own involuntary determinations.' (Thompson, 1978, p. 280).
It is, I think, for this reason that he treats the equivalence of commodities in a way that is often found extremely puzzling,17 as a _substantial_ equivalence. That is, Marx does not treat this equivalence as a matter of some common characteristic in terms of which commodities are commensurated by their owners; but in terms of a unifying 'common element' or 'substance' which the commodities themselves embody, and which is designated by the separate category 'value'. The equivalence of commodities is explained in terms of the nature of this substance, not in terms of subjective commensuration by commodity owners (cf. _Capital_ , I, p. 166).
Unfortunately, Marx does not explicitly discuss the implications of treating the equivalence of commodities as 'substantial', and the considerations which underlie his treatment are not introduced until Section 4 of Chapter 1, 'The Fetishism of the Commodity and its Secret.' This encourages two kinds of misconception: the misconception that Marx's method is formalist, his 'common element' simply a common characteristic in terms of which we can (subjectively) commensurate commodities; and the misconception that Marx's method is idealist, his value substance an idealist reification of the equivalence or continuity between commodities. It was on the basis of the first misconception that Bohm-Bawerk attacked Marx's argument. (See Kay, this volume, pp.50-54). And certainly if Marx's procedure had been formalist in the manner postulated by Bohm-Bawerk, it would have been totally arbitrary to locate abstract labour as the common characteristic. But Bohm-Bawerk ignores the force of the term 'substance'.
The notion that Marx's use of the term 'substance' signals an idealist, metaphysical approach has more plausibility, for 'substance' is a term with a certain philosophical history. It has frequently been used to designate an absolute entity which underlies and produces all particular forms. Thus in the work of Spinoza, there is a single substance, labelled 'God', and all material things or thoughts are conceived of as the modes of being of this entity. (See Oilman, 1976, p. 30.) Marx himself criticised Hegel for 'comprehending _substance_ as _subject'_ in _The Holy Family_ (1845) (see Arthur, 1978, p. 88); but perhaps his own method in _Capital_ is vulnerable to the same criticism, as is argued by Moore, 1971? Marx claims in _Theories of Surplus Value_ that value 'is not an absolute, is not conceived as an entity' (op. cit., Part 3, p. 130) but how far is this true?
In my view, Marx poses commodities as substantially equivalent in the same way that in natural science, light, heat and mechanical motion are posed as substantially equivalent, as forms which are interchangeable as embodiments of a common substance, which is self-activating, in the sense of not requiring some outside intervention, some 'prime mover' to sustain it and transform it, i.e. as forms of energy. Similarly different chemicals are posed as substantially equivalent as forms of self-activating matter.18 Only with such a concept is a materialist account of the process of transformation and conservation of energy and matter possible, an account of this process as one of _natural_ history, proceeding with a dynamic internal to it, and requiring no extra-natural 'cause', no _deus ex machina_ to sustain it.
There is a danger that 'energy' or 'matter' will be reified into absolute entities; but properly understood, they are not discretely distinct from particular forms of energy or matter, rather they are concepts of the continuity between these different forms. Their self-activity is not posed teleologically, as goal-directed or by design. The concept of the equivalence of forms of energy or matter in terms of the substance of energy or matter is thus a materialist, not an idealist concept.
The transformation of one commodity into another, insofar as the rates of transformation are determined 'behind the backs' of the commodity owners, is akin to a process of natural hstory, a process that seems to have objective 'laws' of its own which operate over and above the volitions of the individuals carrying it out. Hence Marx poses this process in terms of substantial equivalence, but with 'substance' understood in materialist terms — as an abstraction with a practical reality insofar as one form of the substance is actually transformed into another form, and not in idealist terms, as an absolute entity realising its goals.
There is an important difference between the interchangeability of forms of energy, and of commodities, the substance of the equivalence in the latter case must be human. Though value appears as a relation of objects to one another, we know that it cannot be so. As Marx tartly observes:
> 'No scientist to date has yet discovered what natural qualities make definite proportions of snuff, tobacco and paintings 'equivalents' for one another.' ( _Theories of Surplus Value_ , Part 3, p. 130).
Marx implicitly rejects the procedure of treating the process of capitalist exchange 'as if' agency could stem from some non-human source, a 'structure' or an 'invisible hand'. Though it does not appear to be so, the equivalence of commodities must essentially be a relation between people, not between the commodities as physical objects. Therefore, though the form of the relation must be posed in terms that capture its naturalistic appearance, the content of the relation must be posed in terms that capture its human essence. Hence the substance of value must be the human self-activity, the human energy, embodied in the commodities; the commodities under consideration are,
> 'products of social activity, the result of expended human energy, _materialised labour_. As objectification of social labour, all commodities are crystallisations of the same substance.' ( _Critique of Political Economy_ , p. 29).
This all seems to have been so obvious to Marx that he took it for granted without discussion.19 The underlying consideration, that the equivalence of commodities is
> 'only a representation in objects, an objective expression, of a relation between men, a social relation, the relationship of men to their reciprocal productive activity.' ( _Theories of Surplus Value_ , Part 3, p. 147)
is not made explicit until Section 4 of Chapter 1 on the fetishism of the commodity, but is, I think, present in the argument from the outset. What Marx was concerned with making explicit was 'the particular form which labour assumes as the substance of value', and he often writes as if this is the major question separating him from Ricardo, rather than more fundamental questions of the object of the theory and the method of investigation (cf. _Theories of Surplus Value_ , Part 2, p. 172). The social substance of commodities as values cannot be labour as such, for this has a two-fold nature, a qualitative aspect as concrete labour, as well as a quantitave aspect as abstract labour. As values, commodities differ only quantitatively, they are all interchangeable: their substance must be homogeneous, uniform. Thus we are led to the conclusion that the substance of value must be the abstract aspect of labour. As values, substantial equivalents, commodities must be objectifications of abstract labour.
> 'The product of labour is an object of utility in all states of society; but it is only a historically specific epoch of development which presents the labour expended in the production of a useful article as an 'objective' property of that article, i.e. as its value.' ( _Capital_ , I, p. 154).
This conclusion has been reached by starting from the simplest form of the product of labour, the commodity; splitting it into two aspects, use value and exchange-value; further examining exchange-value, as a historically specific form of exchange relation, and establishing what this form of appearance must presuppose as a product of a socio-historical process. | |
Best Diet Tip No. 1: Drink plenty of water or other calorie-free beverages.
People sometimes confuse thirst with hunger. So you can end up eating extra calories when an ice-cold glass of water is really what you need.
"If you don't like plain water, try adding citrus or a splash of juice, or brew infused teas like mango or peach, which have lots of flavor but no calories," says Cynthia Sass, RD, a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association.
Best Diet Tip No. 2: Think about what you can add to your diet, not what you should take away.
Start by focusing on getting the recommended 5-9 servings of fruits and vegetables each day.
"It sounds like a lot, but it is well worth it, because at the same time you are meeting your fiber goals and feeling more satisfied from the volume of food," says chef Laura Pansiero, RD.
You're also less likely to overeat because fruits and vegetables displace fat in the diet. And that's not to mention the health benefits of fruits and vegetables. More than 200 studies have documented the disease-preventing qualities of phytochemicals found in produce, says Pansiero.
Her suggestion for getting more: Work vegetables into meals instead of just serving them as sides on a plate.
"I love to take seasonal vegetables and make stir-fries, frittatas, risotto, pilafs, soups, or layer on sandwiches," Pansiero says. "It is so easy to buy a variety of vegetables and incorporate them into dishes."
Best Diet Tip No. 3: Consider whether you're really hungry.
Whenever you feel like eating, look for physical signs of hunger, suggests Michelle May, MD, author of Am I Hungry?
"Hunger is your body's way of telling you that you need fuel, so when a craving doesn't come from hunger, eating will never satisfy it," she says.
When you're done eating, you should feel better -- not stuffed, bloated, or tired.
"Your stomach is only the size of your fist, so it takes just a handful of food to fill it comfortably," says May.
Keeping your portions reasonable will help you get more in touch with your feelings of hunger and fullness.
Best Diet Tip No. 4: Be choosy about nighttime snacks.
Mindless eating occurs most frequently after dinner, when you finally sit down and relax.
"Sitting down with a bag of chips or cookies in front of the television is an example of eating amnesia, where you mindlessly eat without being hungry, but out of habit," says American Dietetic Association spokesperson Malena Perdomo, RD.
Either close down the kitchen after a certain hour, or allow yourself a low-calorie snack, like a 100-calorie pack of cookies or a half-cup scoop of low-fat ice cream. Once you find that you're usually satisfied with the low-cal snack, try a cup of zero-calorie tea, suggests Perdomo.
Best Diet Tip No. 5: Enjoy your favorite foods.
"I think putting your favorite foods off limits leads to weight gain because it triggers 'rebound' overeating," says Sass.
Instead of cutting out your favorite foods altogether, be a slim shopper. Buy one fresh bakery cookie instead of a box, or a small portion of candy from the bulk bins instead of a whole bag.
"You can enjoy your favorite foods, but you must do so in moderation," says Sass.
Best Diet Tip No. 6: Enjoy your treats away from home.
When you need a treat, Ellie Krieger, RD, host of Food Network's Healthy Appetite, suggests taking a walk to your local ice cream parlor or planning a family outing.
"By making it into an adventure, you don't have to worry about the temptation of having treats in the house, and it is a fun and pleasurable way to make it work when you are trying to lose weight," says Krieger.
And for those times you just can't get out? Krieger stocks her kitchen with fresh fruit, which she thinks can be every bit as delicious as any other dessert.
Best Diet Tip No. 7: Eat several mini-meals during the day.
If you eat fewer calories than you burn, you will lose weight. But when you're hungry all the time, eating fewer calories can be challenging.
"Studies show people who eat 4-5 meals or snacks per day are better able to control their appetite and weight," says obesity researcher Rebecca Reeves, DrPH, RD.
She recommends dividing your daily calories into smaller meals or snacks and enjoying as many of them as you can early in the day -- dinner should be the last time you eat.
Best Diet Tip No. 8: Eat protein at every meal.
Protein is more satisfying than carbohydrates or fats, and thus may be the new secret weapon in weight control.
"Diets higher in protein [and] moderate in carbs, along with a lifestyle of regular exercise, have an excellent potential to help weight loss," says University of Illinois protein researcher Donald Layman, PhD.
Getting enough protein helps preserve muscle mass and encourages fat burning while keeping you feeling full. So be sure to include healthy protein sources, like yogurt, cheese, nuts, or beans, at meals and snacks.
Best Diet Tip No. 9: Spice it up.
Add spices or chiles to your food for a flavor boost that can help you feel satisfied.
"Food that is loaded with flavor will stimulate your taste buds and be more satisfying so you won't eat as much," says Perdomo.
When you need something sweet, suck on a red-hot fireball candy for a long-lasting burst of sweetness with just a few calories.
Best Diet Tip No. 10: Stock your kitchen with healthy convenience foods.
Having ready-to-eat snacks and meals-in-minutes staples on hand sets you up for success. You'll be less likely to hit the drive-through or call in a pizza order if you can make a healthy meal in 5 or 10 minutes.
Sass stocks her kitchen with:
94% fat-free microwave popcorn (20-25 calories per cup, and you can make it in two minutes or less)
Bags of pre-washed greens
Canned diced tomatoes
Whole-grain wraps or pitas
Pre-cooked grilled chicken breasts
A few containers of pre-cooked brown rice
Within minutes, she can toss together a healthy medley.
Best Diet Tip No. 11: Order children's portions at restaurants.
"When you are eating out, order a child's pizza or a small sandwich as an easy way to trim calories and get your portions under control," suggest Perdomo.
Another trick is to use smaller plates. This helps the portions look like more, and if your mind is satisfied, your stomach likely will be, too.
Best Diet Tip No. 12: Eat foods in season.
"If you don't love certain fruits or vegetables, it could be because you ate them out of season when they have little taste or flavor," says Pensiero. "When you eat seasonally, fruits and vegetables are more flavorful, at their best, and I promise you won't be disappointed."
At GiGi's Trattoria, her restaurant in Rhinebeck, N.Y., she serves simple fruit desserts, like naturally sweet strawberries topped with aged balsamic vinegar, or low-fat yogurt or fresh berries in a compote.
Best Diet Tip No. 13: Swap a cup of pasta for a cup of vegetables.
Simply by eating less pasta or bread and more veggies, you could lose a dress or pants size in a year.
"You can save from 100-200 calories if you reduce the portion of starch on your plate and increase the amount of vegetables," says Sass.
Best Diet Tip No. 14: Use non-food alternatives to cope with stress.
Sooner or later, you're going to be faced with a stressful situation. Instead of turning to food for comfort, be prepared with some non-food tactics that work for you.
Sass suggests reading a few chapters in a novel, listening to music, writing in a journal, practicing meditative deep breathing, or looking at a photo album of loved ones.
Best Diet Tip No. 15: Be physically active.
Although it may seem counterintuitive, don't use exercise either to punish yourself for eating or to "earn" the right to eat more.
"When you do, it sets up a negative | |
GURL kOrigin("http://example.com");
// Add registration 1.
RegistrationData data1;
data1.registration_id = 100;
data1.scope = URL(kOrigin, "/foo");
data1.script = URL(kOrigin, "/script1.js");
data1.version_id = 200;
data1.resources_total_size_bytes = 100;
std::vector<Resource> resources1;
resources1.push_back(CreateResource(1, data1.script, 100));
// Add registration 2.
RegistrationData data2;
data2.registration_id = 101;
data2.scope = URL(kOrigin, "/bar");
data2.script = URL(kOrigin, "/script2.js");
data2.version_id = 201;
data2.resources_total_size_bytes = 200;
std::vector<Resource> resources2;
resources2.push_back(CreateResource(2, data2.script, 200));
ServiceWorkerDatabase::RegistrationData deleted_version;
std::vector<int64> newly_purgeable_resources;
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data1, resources1, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data2, resources2, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
// Write user data associated with the registration1.
std::string user_data_out;
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data1.registration_id, kOrigin, "key1", "data1"));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data1.registration_id, kOrigin, "key2", "data2"));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key1", &user_data_out));
ASSERT_EQ("data1", user_data_out);
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key2", &user_data_out));
ASSERT_EQ("data2", user_data_out);
// Write user data associated with the registration2.
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data2.registration_id, kOrigin, "key3", "data3"));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data2.registration_id, "key3", &user_data_out));
ASSERT_EQ("data3", user_data_out);
// Delete all data associated with the registration1. This shouldn't delete
// the data associated with registration2.
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteRegistration(
data1.registration_id, kOrigin,
&deleted_version, &newly_purgeable_resources));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key1", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key2", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data2.registration_id, "key3", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ("data3", user_data_out);
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, UserData_UninitializedDatabase) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
const GURL kOrigin("http://example.com");
// Should be failed because the database does not exist.
std::string user_data_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(100, "key", &user_data_out));
// Should be failed because the associated registration does not exist.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->WriteUserData(100, kOrigin, "key", "data"));
// Deleting non-existent entry should succeed.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteUserData(100, "key"));
// Actually create a new database, but not initialized yet.
database->LazyOpen(true);
// Should be failed because the database is not initialized.
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::UNINITIALIZED, database->state_);
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(100, "key", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->WriteUserData(100, kOrigin, "key", "data"));
// Deleting non-existent entry should succeed.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteUserData(100, "key"));
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, UpdateVersionToActive) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
GURL origin("http://example.com");
ServiceWorkerDatabase::RegistrationData deleted_version;
std::vector<int64> newly_purgeable_resources;
// Should be false because a registration does not exist.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->UpdateVersionToActive(0, origin));
// Add a registration.
RegistrationData data;
data.registration_id = 100;
data.scope = URL(origin, "/foo");
data.script = URL(origin, "/script.js");
data.version_id = 200;
data.is_active = false;
data.resources_total_size_bytes = 100;
std::vector<Resource> resources;
resources.push_back(CreateResource(1, data.script, 100));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data, resources, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
// Make sure that the registration is stored.
RegistrationData data_out;
std::vector<Resource> resources_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadRegistration(
data.registration_id, origin, &data_out, &resources_out));
VerifyRegistrationData(data, data_out);
EXPECT_EQ(1u, resources_out.size());
// Activate the registration.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->UpdateVersionToActive(data.registration_id, origin));
// Make sure that the registration is activated.
resources_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadRegistration(
data.registration_id, origin, &data_out, &resources_out));
RegistrationData expected_data = data;
expected_data.is_active = true;
VerifyRegistrationData(expected_data, data_out);
EXPECT_EQ(1u, resources_out.size());
// Delete the registration.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteRegistration(data.registration_id,
origin,
&deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
EXPECT_EQ(data.registration_id, deleted_version.registration_id);
// Should be false because the registration is gone.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->UpdateVersionToActive(data.registration_id, origin));
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, UpdateLastCheckTime) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
GURL origin("http://example.com");
ServiceWorkerDatabase::RegistrationData deleted_version;
std::vector<int64> newly_purgeable_resources;
// Should be false because a registration does not exist.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->UpdateLastCheckTime(0, origin, base::Time::Now()));
// Add a registration.
RegistrationData data;
data.registration_id = 100;
data.scope = URL(origin, "/foo");
data.script = URL(origin, "/script.js");
data.version_id = 200;
data.last_update_check = base::Time::Now();
data.resources_total_size_bytes = 100;
std::vector<Resource> resources;
resources.push_back(CreateResource(1, data.script, 100));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data, resources, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
// Make sure that the registration is stored.
RegistrationData data_out;
std::vector<Resource> resources_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadRegistration(
data.registration_id, origin, &data_out, &resources_out));
VerifyRegistrationData(data, data_out);
EXPECT_EQ(1u, resources_out.size());
// Update the last check time.
base::Time updated_time = base::Time::Now();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->UpdateLastCheckTime(
data.registration_id, origin, updated_time));
// Make sure that the registration is updated.
resources_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadRegistration(
data.registration_id, origin, &data_out, &resources_out));
RegistrationData expected_data = data;
expected_data.last_update_check = updated_time;
VerifyRegistrationData(expected_data, data_out);
EXPECT_EQ(1u, resources_out.size());
// Delete the registration.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteRegistration(data.registration_id,
origin,
&deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
EXPECT_EQ(data.registration_id, deleted_version.registration_id);
// Should be false because the registration is gone.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->UpdateLastCheckTime(
data.registration_id, origin, base::Time::Now()));
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, UncommittedAndPurgeableResourceIds) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
// Write {1, 2, 3} into the uncommitted list.
std::set<int64> ids1;
ids1.insert(1);
ids1.insert(2);
ids1.insert(3);
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUncommittedResourceIds(ids1));
std::set<int64> ids_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetUncommittedResourceIds(&ids_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ids1, ids_out);
// Write {2, 4} into the uncommitted list.
std::set<int64> ids2;
ids2.insert(2);
ids2.insert(4);
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUncommittedResourceIds(ids2));
ids_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetUncommittedResourceIds(&ids_out));
std::set<int64> expected = base::STLSetUnion<std::set<int64>>(ids1, ids2);
EXPECT_EQ(expected, ids_out);
// Move {2, 4} from the uncommitted list to the purgeable list.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->PurgeUncommittedResourceIds(ids2));
ids_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetPurgeableResourceIds(&ids_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ids2, ids_out);
// Delete {2, 4} from the purgeable list.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ClearPurgeableResourceIds(ids2));
ids_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetPurgeableResourceIds(&ids_out));
EXPECT_TRUE(ids_out.empty());
// {1, 3} should be still in the uncommitted list.
ids_out.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetUncommittedResourceIds(&ids_out));
expected = base::STLSetDifference<std::set<int64>>(ids1, ids2);
EXPECT_EQ(expected, ids_out);
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, DeleteAllDataForOrigin) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
ServiceWorkerDatabase::RegistrationData deleted_version;
std::vector<int64> newly_purgeable_resources;
// Data associated with |origin1| will be removed.
GURL origin1("http://example.com");
GURL origin2("http://example.org");
// |origin1| has two registrations (registration1 and registration2).
RegistrationData data1;
data1.registration_id = 10;
data1.scope = URL(origin1, "/foo");
data1.script = URL(origin1, "/script1.js");
data1.version_id = 100;
data1.resources_total_size_bytes = 2013 + 512;
data1.foreign_fetch_scopes.push_back(URL(origin1, "/foo/ff"));
std::vector<Resource> resources1;
resources1.push_back(CreateResource(1, URL(origin1, "/resource1"), 2013));
resources1.push_back(CreateResource(2, URL(origin1, "/resource2"), 512));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(
data1, resources1, &deleted_version, &newly_purgeable_resources));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data1.registration_id, origin1, "key1", "data1"));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data1.registration_id, origin1, "key2", "data2"));
RegistrationData data2;
data2.registration_id = 11;
data2.scope = URL(origin1, "/bar");
data2.script = URL(origin1, "/script2.js");
data2.version_id = 101;
data2.resources_total_size_bytes = 4 + 5;
std::vector<Resource> resources2;
resources2.push_back(CreateResource(3, URL(origin1, "/resource3"), 4));
resources2.push_back(CreateResource(4, URL(origin1, "/resource4"), 5));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(
data2, resources2, &deleted_version, &newly_purgeable_resources));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data2.registration_id, origin1, "key3", "data3"));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data2.registration_id, origin1, "key4", "data4"));
// |origin2| has one registration (registration3).
RegistrationData data3;
data3.registration_id = 12;
data3.scope = URL(origin2, "/hoge");
data3.script = URL(origin2, "/script3.js");
data3.version_id = 102;
data3.resources_total_size_bytes = 6 + 7;
data3.foreign_fetch_scopes.push_back(URL(origin2, "/hoge/ff"));
std::vector<Resource> resources3;
resources3.push_back(CreateResource(5, URL(origin2, "/resource5"), 6));
resources3.push_back(CreateResource(6, URL(origin2, "/resource6"), 7));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(
data3, resources3, &deleted_version, &newly_purgeable_resources));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data3.registration_id, origin2, "key5", "data5"));
ASSERT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteUserData(
data3.registration_id, origin2, "key6", "data6"));
std::set<GURL> origins_to_delete;
origins_to_delete.insert(origin1);
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteAllDataForOrigins(origins_to_delete,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
// |origin1| should be removed from the unique origin list.
std::set<GURL> unique_origins;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithRegistrations(&unique_origins));
EXPECT_EQ(1u, unique_origins.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(unique_origins, origin2));
// |origin1| should be removed from the foreign fetch origin list.
unique_origins.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations(&unique_origins));
EXPECT_EQ(1u, unique_origins.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(unique_origins, origin2));
// The registrations for |origin1| should be removed.
std::vector<RegistrationData> registrations;
EXPECT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetRegistrationsForOrigin(origin1, ®istrations, nullptr));
EXPECT_TRUE(registrations.empty());
GURL origin_out;
EXPECT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadRegistrationOrigin(data1.registration_id, &origin_out));
// The registration for |origin2| should not be removed.
RegistrationData data_out;
std::vector<Resource> resources_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK, database->ReadRegistration(
data3.registration_id, origin2, &data_out, &resources_out));
VerifyRegistrationData(data3, data_out);
VerifyResourceRecords(resources3, resources_out);
EXPECT_EQ(
ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadRegistrationOrigin(data3.registration_id, &origin_out));
EXPECT_EQ(origin2, origin_out);
// The resources associated with |origin1| should be purgeable.
std::set<int64> purgeable_ids_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetPurgeableResourceIds(&purgeable_ids_out));
EXPECT_EQ(4u, purgeable_ids_out.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(purgeable_ids_out, 1));
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(purgeable_ids_out, 2));
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(purgeable_ids_out, 3));
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(purgeable_ids_out, 4));
// The user data associated with |origin1| should be removed.
std::string user_data_out;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key1", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data1.registration_id, "key2", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data2.registration_id, "key3", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
database->ReadUserData(
data2.registration_id, "key4", &user_data_out));
// The user data associated with |origin2| should not be removed.
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data3.registration_id, "key5", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ("data5", user_data_out);
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->ReadUserData(
data3.registration_id, "key6", &user_data_out));
EXPECT_EQ("data6", user_data_out);
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, DestroyDatabase) {
base::ScopedTempDir database_dir;
ASSERT_TRUE(database_dir.CreateUniqueTempDir());
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(
CreateDatabase(database_dir.path()));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK, database->LazyOpen(true));
ASSERT_TRUE(base::DirectoryExists(database_dir.path()));
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK, database->DestroyDatabase());
ASSERT_FALSE(base::DirectoryExists(database_dir.path()));
}
TEST(ServiceWorkerDatabaseTest, GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations) {
scoped_ptr<ServiceWorkerDatabase> database(CreateDatabaseInMemory());
std::set<GURL> origins;
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations(&origins));
EXPECT_TRUE(origins.empty());
ServiceWorkerDatabase::RegistrationData deleted_version;
std::vector<int64> newly_purgeable_resources;
GURL origin1("http://example.com");
RegistrationData data1;
data1.registration_id = 123;
data1.scope = URL(origin1, "/foo");
data1.script = URL(origin1, "/script1.js");
data1.version_id = 456;
data1.resources_total_size_bytes = 100;
data1.foreign_fetch_scopes.push_back(URL(origin1, "/foo/bar"));
std::vector<Resource> resources1;
resources1.push_back(CreateResource(1, data1.script, 100));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data1, resources1, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
GURL origin2("https://www.example.com");
RegistrationData data2;
data2.registration_id = 234;
data2.scope = URL(origin2, "/bar");
data2.script = URL(origin2, "/script2.js");
data2.version_id = 567;
data2.resources_total_size_bytes = 200;
std::vector<Resource> resources2;
resources2.push_back(CreateResource(2, data2.script, 200));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data2, resources2, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
GURL origin3("https://example.org");
RegistrationData data3;
data3.registration_id = 345;
data3.scope = URL(origin3, "/hoge");
data3.script = URL(origin3, "/script3.js");
data3.version_id = 678;
data3.resources_total_size_bytes = 300;
data3.foreign_fetch_scopes.push_back(URL(origin3, "/hoge/foo"));
std::vector<Resource> resources3;
resources3.push_back(CreateResource(3, data3.script, 300));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data3, resources3, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
// |origin3| has three registrations.
RegistrationData data4;
data4.registration_id = 456;
data4.scope = URL(origin3, "/fuga");
data4.script = URL(origin3, "/script4.js");
data4.version_id = 789;
data4.resources_total_size_bytes = 400;
data4.foreign_fetch_scopes.push_back(URL(origin3, "/fuga/bar"));
std::vector<Resource> resources4;
resources4.push_back(CreateResource(4, data4.script, 400));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data4, resources4, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
RegistrationData data5;
data5.registration_id = 567;
data5.scope = URL(origin3, "/bla");
data5.script = URL(origin3, "/script5.js");
data5.version_id = 890;
data5.resources_total_size_bytes = 500;
std::vector<Resource> resources5;
resources5.push_back(CreateResource(5, data5.script, 500));
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->WriteRegistration(data5, resources5, &deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
origins.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations(&origins));
EXPECT_EQ(2U, origins.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(origins, origin1));
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(origins, origin3));
// |origin3| has another registration, so should not remove it from the
// foreign fetch origin list.
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteRegistration(data4.registration_id, origin3,
&deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
EXPECT_EQ(data4.registration_id, deleted_version.registration_id);
origins.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations(&origins));
EXPECT_EQ(2U, origins.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(origins, origin1));
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(origins, origin3));
// |origin3| should be removed from the foreign fetch origin list, since its
// only remaining registration doesn't have foreign fetch scopes.
ASSERT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->DeleteRegistration(data3.registration_id, origin3,
&deleted_version,
&newly_purgeable_resources));
EXPECT_EQ(data3.registration_id, deleted_version.registration_id);
origins.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(ServiceWorkerDatabase::STATUS_OK,
database->GetOriginsWithForeignFetchRegistrations(&origins));
EXPECT_EQ(1U, origins.size());
EXPECT_TRUE(ContainsKey(origins, origin1));
// | |
The kardannyj shaft serves for transfer of capacity from transmission (2WD) or a distributing box (4WD) to the back bridge of the car. On all-wheel drive (4WD) models given карданный the shaft carries the name of the back. карданный the shaft of all-wheel drive models serves as the second for transfer of capacity from a distributing box to the forward bridge and is called to lobbies.
Components typical forward and back карданных the shaft used on models 4WD (the forward end forward карданного a shaft of the Third type is used on some models 1995 вып. It is equipped also by the hinge of equal angular speeds (the CV-hinge), established instead of the sliding holder крестовины).
At car movement on a rough road covering bridges start to "float" upwards-downwards, therefore карданные shaft work in the conditions of constant change of a corner of the position in relation to transmission / to a distributing box and suspension bracket bridges. Such mode of functioning appears possible thanks to inclusion in structure of shaft (from both of them the ends) карданных hinges. Change of corners of position карданных shaft naturally conducts to necessity of constant change of their length that is reached thanks to application of sliding holders крестовин.
On models 1993 вып. In forward карданный the shaft is established карданный the hinge of a series 1310, and in a back shaft - the hinge of a series 2950. Two types карданных knots - with one hinge and two hinges are used.
Components typical карданного knot одношарнирного type.
On models 1994 вып. On both (forward and back) карданных shaft are applied карданные hinges of a series 1310. Again two types карданных knots - with one hinge, or with two are applied.
On models 1995 вып. Three types карданных knots - with one hinge, with two hinges and with the CV-hinge are used. The CV-hinge is not subject to repair; in case of damage of the hinge or its protective cover should vary карданный a shaft in gathering.
CV-hinge cut карданного a shaft of the Third type of model 1995 вып.
On all-wheel drive models 1995 вып. Three types forward карданного a shaft are applied. Shaft of the First and Second types are equipped одношарнирными карданными by knots from outside, the suspension bracket turned to the bridge and двухшарнирными in knots from outside a distributing box. Unique difference of one of these types of shaft from another is application of a various design of protection of holders крестовин from a dust and a dirt. On the First type the dustproof cover whereas on the second the rubber cover is used is applied. Shaft of the Third type крестовины are not equipped by the sliding holder. Instead of it in them the CV-hinge established from outside of the forward bridge is applied. Need for use of the sliding holder disappears in view of ability of the CV-hinge to be compressed and extend. Equipped шлицами the shaft in the CV-hinge allows to support constantly length карданного a shaft in the course of car movement on optimum value. However, the full length карданного a shaft in this case is exposed in the course of its manufacturing. Do not try to make adjustment of length карданного a shaft of the Third type.
On карданных the shaft of the First type established on model 1995 вып. For protection of the holder крестовины the dustproof cover is used.
On карданных the shaft of the Second type established on model 1995 вып. For protection of the holder крестовины the rubber cover is used.
Kardannye shaft of the Third type of models 1995 вып. Instead of the sliding holder крестовины are equipped by the CV-hinge established from the forward party of a shaft.
Фабрично established карданные knots do not require greasing. Greasing of sliding holders крестовин forward карданного a shaft of all-wheel drive models 1993 and 1994 вып. And карданного a shaft of the First type of models 1995 вып. It should be made regularly, according to the schedule of routine maintenance of the car (the Head of Adjustment and routine maintenance). Sliding holders крестовин such shaft are equipped for this purpose by the lubricant union of type ZERK.
In the course of installation on the car careful and very exact balancing both forward, and back карданных shaft is made. In view of the last, each time after removal shaft should be established into place in accuracy in the same way as they stood earlier. The neglect performance of the given requirement is fraught with development of strong vibrations and, as consequence, serious damages трансмиссионной car lines.
The differential is located in the pig-iron case which, in turn, is an integral part of assemblage of the bridge. The stamped steel cover приболчена to the open back party of the case also serves for providing of access to its internal components in the course of survey and preventive maintenance. For represents transfer гипоидного type the central line of a leading gear wheel in which is located below the central line of a conducted gear wheel of the main transfer. Except differential of a standard design on cars of the given mark blocks Trac-Lock with blocking (only in back bridges of Model 35) can be established also. If one of wheels starts to revolve, having lost coupling with a road covering, block Trac-Lock starts to transfer its twisting percent to the opposite. In a kind of necessity of application for adjustment and major repairs of differentials of the special tool, and also presence of certain qualification of the personnel, the given works are a prerogative of experts of a workshop of car-care centre or dealer branch of company Chrysler.
Forward power shafts all-wheel drive (4WD) are placed in a sleeve of the forward bridge of Model 30. The bridge represents two steel sleeves, welded on the pig-iron central case in which differential assemblage is placed. The block is equipped by the ventilation serving for dump of superfluous internal pressure, arising owing to evaporation and thermal expansion of a lubricant liquid. The forward bridge is equipped by power shafts of semifloating type on which loading is perceived by bearings of naves. Shaft fasten to bearings of naves by means of nuts. Service of bearings is made only in gathering, i.e. they are not subject to restoration. The external ends of power shafts are equipped by hinges of equal angular speeds (CV-hinges) that provides possibility of turn of forward wheels to the right-to the left. Besides, the bridge is equipped by system of antiblocking of brakes (ABS). Gauges ABS are fixed in assemblages of rotary fists; Rotors of gauges запрессованы in shaft near to flanges of naves. Outside to a cover of the case of differential of the bridge of Model 30 fastens шильда with the data about serial number and transfer number. The identification code of a date of issue of the bridge is beaten out behind on its sleeve. At bridge replacement always consider this data.
Back semiaxes (all models) are placed in sleeves of the bridge of Model 35 which is almost identical on a design to assemblage described above Model 30 of the forward bridge. Sometimes Model 35 bridge can be in addition equipped by block Trac-Lock and differential of the limited sliding. Serial number and transfer number of differential of the bridge of Model 35 can be besides found on fixed on a differential cover шильде. The code of date of manufacturing is beaten out on the back party of a sleeve. All this data necessarily should be taken into consideration at bridge replacement.
Given шильда, fixed on a cover of the case of differential contains the information on serial number and transfer number of differential; number which has been beaten out on a sleeve of the bridge | |
1924, Japanese and Korean people were barred as well.
An 1888 editorial cartoon, titled "The Only One Barred Out," references the Chinese Exclusion Act.
Interim Archives/Getty Images
In all three cases, groups immigrated to the US as laborers and were framed as the source of economic problems, and in some cases public health ones, too. Members of ethnic groups that have more recently come to the country as refugees — including Hmong, Burmese, and Laotian people — have also faced restrictive immigration policies that have focused on deportation.
"We share ... a continued history of being scapegoated for America's ills — literally and figuratively — and never being accepted as full and equal members of society," says Karen Umemoto, the director of the Asian American Studies Center at UCLA.
In recent decades, combating such "othering" has fueled solidarity.
One such instance was in 1982, when 27-year-old Vincent Chin was murdered by two white autoworkers who saw him as representing the increased competition the US was facing from Japanese manufacturers. Asian American-led protests erupted across the country and pushed the Justice Department to investigate the attack as a civil rights violation.
Vincent Chin (left) died three days after being beaten with a baseball bat in Detroit, Michigan, in 1982. Ronald Ebens (pictured above) and his stepson Michael Nitz were accused of beating Chin. They pleaded guilty to a reduced charge of manslaughter.
Bettmann Archive via Getty Images
Currently, in the wake of a surge in anti-Asian racism during the pandemic, attacks on older people, mass shootings in Atlanta that killed six women of Asian descent, and a mass shooting in Indianapolis that killed four Sikh Americans, there's similarly been a renewed focus on pan-Asian solidarity and activism.
"It has always been anti-Asian violence that brings people together," says Espiritu. In recent months, thousands of people across the country have gathered for #StopAsianHate rallies in cities including Oakland, New York, and Philadelphia, and worked to raise awareness for nonprofits tracking hate incidents and offering support to local communities.
Ramakrishnan hopes, too, that such efforts will be inclusive of different groups within the Asian diaspora moving forward. "Just as you have South Asian leaders who are showing up to denounce incidents predominantly affecting East Asians, you also need to have East Asians showing up for South Asians and Southeast Asians as well," he says.
The experiences that Asian Americans share
There are the historical circumstances that bind Asian Americans together, and then there are the everyday experiences they share — many often driven by the "forever foreigner" stereotype.
People from the Excluded Workers movement celebrate the Hindu festival of Holi in Washington Square Park on March 29, 2021 in New York City.
"No matter how much I wanted to be an American, other people wouldn't see me as that," says Daniel Shinwoo Kim, 26, a conservationist based in Tacoma, Washington. "Asian stereotypes, Asian anything, are just considered a joke. The most obvious is Asian men's genitalia being smaller, people laugh at it."
The idea that people of Asian descent didn't belong to the US, or were inherently foreign to this country, has fueled tropes like the fetishization of women, the emasculation of men, and insults about people's accents, food, and appearance.
"The hypersexualization that I faced, probably as young as [when] I was 6, changes how you consider sex and sexuality," says Elim, 26, an organizer in Doraville, Georgia, who worked at her parents' anime shop as a child and dealt with men constantly telling her how much they loved Asian women — and how exotic they found them. (Some full names have been omitted to protect people's privacy.) "It made me question what it was like to be desired, and what it meant beyond being a sex object," she says.
Elim and others spoke, too, of being made to feel undesirable because of their identity.
"There was often people mimicking the racist caricatures of Indian characters they see on TV or parroting comedy skits they see or the desirability or lack thereof of Indian American women, specifically," says M., 22, a resident of Washington, DC.
Hari Kondabolu used to laugh at The Simpsons' Apu. Then he got angry.
Combating the idea of being "foreigners" has often meant dealing with — and pushing back on — the pressure to conform as well.
"In America, whiteness is your standardized identity. And that was amplified in the neighborhood I grew up in," says Evan, 34, a government analyst in New York City. "It feels like you're playing a role. You spend a lot of time thinking about how you come across to people. How are these white people going to judge me? In high school, I was always envious of people growing up in Asian enclaves in California or New York City. It just felt like an easier state of being."
"I think the first word I think of is 'invisible.' Aside from stereotypes of Asian women being very quiet, which I've, in my whole life, intentionally fought against, I have been thinking a lot about social situations where I just don't have any social capital," says Annie, 26, a graphic designer in New York City. "I have to compensate for that by presenting myself in a very loud way through what I wear or the way I speak. I've tried to walk more aggressively."
Such dynamics have led some Asian Americans to distance themselves from their identities when they were younger, and to embrace them more fully later in life.
"The hypersexualization that I faced, probably as young as [when] I was 6, changes how you consider sex and sexuality"
"To be completely candid, I'm more embracing of being Asian American now that I had been previously," says Melina, 40, a massage therapist in Boston, who credits a trip to Myanmar, where her family emigrated from, as an experience that changed her outlook. "That feeling of being left out, of not belonging, is something that I internalized for a long time."
It is through some of this shared pain — along with a recognition of the specific hardships that different groups have faced — that Asian Americans, too, can find solidarity with one another. Among second-generation Asian Americans, there's also a broad sense of the sacrifice that family members have made to come to the US in the first place.
"Many of us had immigrant parents, and their focus was on surviving and making a life for themselves and their families," says Jan Kang, 59, a tech executive, who spoke about how her father took a second job in the emergency room to pay for her college tuition.
"I felt like my parents sacrificed a lot," says Kang.
How we ended up with the AAPI label
In addition to grouping people of Asian descent under one racial category, the label expanded in the 1980s to include populations across the Pacific Ocean.
The term AAPI, which includes Pacific Islanders, took off prominently among academics and was used in the 1990 census as government officials weighed how to count the group, who had previously been categorized in individual boxes like "Hawaiian," "Guamanian," and "Samoan."
Members of community groups calling for the "de-colonization and de-militarization of Guam" attend a "People for Peace" rally in Hagatna on August 14, 2017.
Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images
"Pacific Islanders were too small of a group in the mind of key decision-makers to report separately," says UCLA research professor Paul Ong, who added that the presence of Asian Americans in Hawaii may have been one of the reasons the two were initially put together. Scholars also began using the term to refer to experiences with colonialism that both Asian countries and Pacific Islanders had had. The idea was to "combine forces, given we were less than 3 percent of the US population in those days," says Umemoto, who helped form a coalition of Asian American and Pacific Islander | |
Press Box Insider 12-08-2015
Podcast, Radio, Sports Betting
Frankie Edgar (James Law/Heavy MMA)
The MMA Corner Round Table: The Ultimate Fighter 19 Finale Preview and Predictions
Events, Previews, Spotlight
In UFC President Dana White's own words, season 19 of The Ultimate Fighter was proclaimed the worst season ever. He said the fighters were among the least motivated group he'd ever seen. For four of those fighters, now is the time to find that motivation. At The Ultimate Fighter 19 Finale, two light heavyweight fighters and two middleweight combatants have the opportunity to secure long-term UFC deals and the distinction of being TUF champions. Then, they get to watch their TUF coaches fight.
When the UFC hits the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas on Sunday, July 6, TUF light heavyweight finalists Corey Anderson and Matt Van Buren and TUF middleweight finalists Eddie Gordon and Dhiego Lima vie for the two season-19 TUF crowns. Then, in the main event, B.J. Penn returns, this time as a featherweight, to seek revenge on Frankie Edgar, who defeated "The Prodigy" twice in lightweight title tilts.
The action will be spread across UFC Fight Pass and Fox Sports 1. The preliminary card kicks off with two fights on UFC Fight Pass at 6 p.m. ET, then moves to Fox Sports 1 at 7 p.m. ET for the remainder of the preliminary card, followed by the main card, also on Fox Sports 1, at 9 p.m. ET.
The MMA Corner's Corey Adams, RJ Gardner and Bryan Henderson provide their picks and predictions for the entire card in this edition of the Round Table.
FlyW: Dustin Ortiz (13-3) vs. Justin Scoggins (9-0)
Gardner: In a weight class in serious need of new contenders, Justin Scoggins and Dustin Ortiz represent two of the best young talents the flyweight division has to offer. The winner of this bout will be positioned for a potential No. 1 contender bout.
Ortiz has a very well-rounded attack and can compete wherever the fight takes place, but against Scoggins he is going to need to get this fight to the mat. Scoggins is as skilled as they come on the feet, so Ortiz will not want to engage him there. As a former amateur kickboxing champion and a black belt in Kempo karate, Scoggins is the real deal in the stand-up game.
Through nine professional fights, Scoggins has yet to taste defeat and he has finished seven of his nine opponents. Ortiz is very talented, but if he can't get this fight to the mat he is going to be in serious trouble. Scoggins wins this one handily via unanimous decision.
Adams: Two young flyweights from the South square off while locked in a cage. This should be a fun encounter between Ortiz and Scoggins.
Tennessee's Ortiz lost his last fight against Ray Borg in not only my eyes, but in the eyes of many other fans as well. Ortiz holds his own in the striking department while receiving advice from Duke Roufus, so even though he may not have the credentials of his opponent, he won't back down from a brawl on the feet.
Scoggins is one of the top prospects in not just the flyweight division, but the entire UFC. The South Carolina native has excellent knockout power for a guy at 125 pounds, which is a dangerous trait to have in the division. Scoggins has used many strikes to finish opponents in the past, so look for the undefeated fighter to throw in high kicks and knees to keep Ortiz guessing.
I'm going to side with Scoggins ever so slightly. Unless Ortiz manages to turn this into a wrestling match, he'll get outpointed on the feet. Scoggins wins by unanimous decision.
Henderson: Scoggins is a talented fighter in the stand-up department, but he's really proven to be a tough challenge for any opponent regardless of where the fight takes place. It's his relentless, pressuring approach that carries him to victory, and he's just as likely to use his kicks and punches to set up a takedown and some ground-and-pound as he is to keep the fight standing and pick apart his opponent. Scoggins demonstrated this dual threat in his Octagon debut against Richie Vaculik, and he reaffirmed it with his sophomore performance against Will Campuzano.
Ortiz's style plays right into Scoggins' hands. The Roufusport product has been a borderline top-10 flyweight for some time now, and he tends to win even when he shouldn't (see: UFC on Fox 11 and Ray Borg). His striking is adequate, but he'll relinquish the upper hand in that department to the American Top Team product, Scoggins. Ortiz has the wrestling edge, but he isn't an overwhelming takedown artist, and Scoggins' pressure approach might allow the 22-year-old to beat Ortiz to the punch, no pun intended, when it comes to shooting in for the takedown.
Ortiz is good, but Scoggins has real potential to establish himself as a top flyweight in this contest. His pressuring attack will keep Ortiz on the defensive in all realms of the game. Ortiz isn't an easy out, but it wouldn't be a surprise to see Scoggins hand him his first knockout loss. However, I won't be that bold in my prediction. Instead, I will join my fellow panelists in predicting that Scoggins outworks Ortiz en route to the decision win.
HW: Guto Inocente (6-2) vs. Derrick Lewis (10-2)
Adams: There may not be a more dangerous second-tier heavyweight in the UFC when it comes to striking than Derrick Lewis.
"The Black Beast" will make his second appearance inside the Octagon on Saturday, looking to build off the destructive path he has paved himself. There's no secret concerning Lewis once he steps in the cage. It's beat you down until you are knocked out or the referee has to step in. It's been his motive ever since coming onto the scene, and he has clocked opponents such as Jared Rosholt under the Legacy FC banner and Jack May in his first UFC bout.
Across the cage will be Guto Inocente, a 28-year-old Brazilian making his UFC debut. In fact, this will be his first appearance since 2012, when he had one fight with Strikeforce. Before then, he had not fought since 2010. So, not only does Inocente have Octagon jitters to be concerned with, but also ring rust.
Inocente trains with the Blackzilians team, though, so he'll be well prepared. However, all signs point to Lewis winning this fight. It's a favorable match-up for Lewis in the straight boxing aspect, so as long as he keeps the fight standing, Lewis will finish the bout before the third round comes.
Henderson: Lewis's boxing might not be enough to out-duel Inocente on the feet. Inocente not only has Octagon jitters and ring rust to worry about, he has to overcome the faded memories of his last bout, too. He faced Virgil Zwicker, a tough brawler, in the Strikeforce cage and picked Zwicker apart with an arsenal of kicks, knees and the occasional combination. He's actually quite capable on his feet, as he demonstrated in that victory, and he holds a second-degree black belt in kickboxing. His trophy case is full of honors from Brazilian, South American, Pan American and World W.A.K.O. competitions. If the fight stays standing, Inocente retains the best chance to win.
Although Inocente impressed against Zwicker, he did so as a light heavyweight. That's really where he belongs. However, his UFC debut will come at heavyweight against a beast of a man. Lewis is a big guy who can bulldoze his opponents. His victory over Rosholt really looks impressive on his resume now that Rosholt is 3-0 in his UFC campaign with wins over Walt Harris and Soa Palelei. It proves that Lewis can overcome even a tough wrestler to score the win.
Between Inocente's | |
about.
Furthermore, I wonder about how much, in practice, international aid dollars are in any sense competing with "existential risk reduction" dollars. The things that we can do right now to address the biowarfare problem seem like mostly things that only the government (or maybe the scientific community) can or should do. It's unclear what private individuals can do to help. And, conversely, when and if the danger becomes clear and present, the military is likely to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on the problem, and it's again unclear what a private individual will be able to do to help. There may be some window where private donations can have an impact, but even then I suspect it's going to be difficult. Perhaps the only people well-equipped to help will be those who have direct experience in biotechnology.
All this is just to say that I don't think I'm ever likely to face a meaningful practical choice between an existential risk reduction charity and a poverty alleviation charity. There are some existential risks that I take seriously now — mainly asteroid impacts and nuclear war — but the former is very low probability (and already has some resources directed towards it) and the latter is probably best addressed through the political system. More broadly, I think that at the present time in history, the most effective thing one can do to alleviate future threats to humanity is simply to do one's part to promote a politically, economically, and socially healthy world. This accords with both common sense and back-of-the-envelope calculations.
Also, of the five points you mention, I have to say that I'm skeptical of most of them as a useful or reliable tool for improving explicit expected value estimates. The problem with (2) is that, as Holden says, it's very difficult to quantify all the information necessary to properly do the Bayesian adjustment — the process is just too error prone. My understanding of the post (and certainly my intention in writing the math) is that the Bayesian adjustment is done only to make the demonstrate that the EEV estimate is misleading. It's much harder to use this adjustment in an actual precise computation.
Consulting subject experts (3) is certainly a good idea.
(1) is an abstract mental exercise that I would need a lot of evidence to be convinced had any actual value in the real world. If you can do it reliably, you should be able to make a lot of money in the stock market.
As for (4), and (5), it's just really hard to build such models or make such explicit estimates in a meaningful way. I'd argue that (5) is a good decision algorithm in the sense that it's what I think a lot of smart people's brains do, but I'm skeptical that writing it all down with some formal weighting function or veto algorithm is likely to improve the process.
1. I agree about the perils of the use of language/formalism of expected utility (there are issues of anchoring biases, etc.).
2. Regarding whether it's currently possible to do anything about x-risk: I'm particularly interested in nuclear war (essentially for the reasons that you give) and plan on doing a detailed investigation of it and related nonprofits over the next year.
3. Regarding the apparent nonexistence of tradeoffs between international aid and x-risk: I could imagine the existence of some sort of advocacy nonprofit which has a track record of success and room for more funding. Conditional on the existence of such an organization, there would be the question of whether it's a better investment than VillageReach; this is a hypothetical situation in which I would guess that quantitative modeling would be relevant.
4. Concerning my list of ways that one could improve explicit expected value computations while it may have looked like a laundry list of tasks to complete; my reason for making it was to make a case for the relevance of quantitative reasoning despite the frequent absurdity of naive Fermi calculations.
Regarding (1) my initial intuition was the same as your own but I've become less sure. Jane Street Capital allegedly uses this activity to train its employees. I've recently seen some informal evidence that there is an underlying broadly applicable skill. But you may be right.
Regarding (2), I believe that there's at least one instance in which GiveWell is applying your formula in practice. I share your feeling that a field visit would be more useful than a formal Bayesian adjustment of the cost-effectiveness estimate.
Regarding (4), I partially agree and you may be right in entirety but I'm not at all convinced that relevant modeling can never be done. Carl Shulman started a sequence of blog posts arguing that political involvement, contributions and advocacy of the appropriate types can save lives in the developing world at less than $1000/life. I could imagine this being an example of data driven quantitative analysis yielding a solid result. Unfortunately he hasn't completed the sequence.
Regarding (5); I share your feeling that attempting to write down a decision algorithm is unlikely to improve the process.
After re-reading some of the earlier discussions, I realised that in writing my earlier comment, I missed one of Holden's key points, namely that you have to Bayesian-adjust the DCP2 estimate. This was more involved than I thought it would be, but I've had a crack at it here.
attempts to make your reasoning explicit and verbal usually result in worse choices. This includes that favorite of guidance counselors: to write out a list of the pros and cons of all your choices – but it covers any attempt to explain choices in words. In one study, subjects were asked to rate the taste of various jams; an experimental group was also asked to give reasons for their ratings. Ratings from the group that didn't need reasons correlated more closely with the ratings of professional jam experts (which is totally a thing) than those who gave justifications. A similar study found students choosing posters were more likely to still like the poster a month later if they weren't asked to justify their choice (Lehrer, How We Decide, p. 144).
But maybe the discussion on this thread is too vague and abstract to be useful. Everybody agrees that quantitative analysis should be used and that philanthropic decisions shouldn't be made exclusively based on narrow quantitative models. Any disagreement is about more subtle matters that are harder to pin down. Moreover, owing to the gap between mental models and verbal expressions of them, apparent agreement or disagreement may not be what it appears to be.
In practice what one wants to do is to choose between particular charities. This can be discussed on a case by case basis. I don't currently have a broadly compelling case for any particular charity being a better investment than VillageReach or Against Malaria Foundation are.
Choosing a prior is difficult. However, perhaps there's an artificial way to do it that might work well enough for GiveWell's purposes?
Suppose we say that we're having a contest to pick the "charity of the year", out of N entrants. Then we can start out saying that each charity has a 1/N chance of winning the contest. Then it's a matter of estimating how many charities there are that you could possibly consider, and giving each of them a fair chance.
The reason this works is because we arbitrary decide there will be one winner, but that seems reasonable – we want to make a recommendation, after all. There is a bias against doing nothing.
It's still very difficult to estimate how many charities there are that we consider to have entered the contest, but it is at least something that it's possible to have a reasonable | |
all participating children will be insufficiently physically active at baseline. Physical activity guidelines in the UK in 2011 also emphasised the benefits of accumulating > 60 minutes of MVPA daily and so even for children who meet the guideline at baseline additional physical activity would be beneficial.
The intervention will be individualised and participant-centred, using progressive individual targets agreed for dog walking/play with the dog for each family. Various levels of organisation (wider environment, but predominantly the family environment) will be used to promote physical activity of children, their parents, and their dogs. The intervention will rely most heavily on modification of the family environment, and the use of parental support for child physical activity in the light of the promise of this as an intervention strategy [11, 30–32]-the main practical change sought is to bring about in the intervention is the family and dog walking/playing more outside the home (including the garden), and doing so together.
The intervention will use the principal client-centred behavioural change techniques which derive from social cognitive theory . These include decisional balance, self-monitoring of dog walking/physically active play with the dog (including a simple dog walking activity chart), goal setting, rewards, behavioural contracting, problem solving, and relapse prevention. All of these techniques are well established in adult behaviour change interventions, and are also used widely in behaviour change interventions with children of this age . Self monitoring in the intervention group will be facilitated by the use of family accelerometry data collected at baseline. It is intended that sharing of baseline physical activity data will encourage an awareness of the true rather than perceived levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour which may help motivate families to increase their physical activity. Sharing of baseline accelerometry data with the intervention group may also facilitate the setting and monitoring of more realistic physical activity and dog-walking goals by families. Families in the intervention group will also be shown a lay summary of baseline accelerometry data for their dog, using the method we have validated recently , to encourage a realistic understanding of current dog walking behaviour and baseline levels of physical activity of their dog.
The intervention will target parents and children being physically active together, using their pet dog to make this happen. It will consist of: promotion of child play with the dog by provision of a portfolio of suggested games as 'hide and seek' and 'obstacle course' to be played outdoors and indoors; provision of greater access to dog walking opportunities in the wider environment by providing intervention group families with information on dog walking routes, dog waste bins, and maps, describing outdoor spaces in the immediate environment and further afield; promotion of parental support for physical activity involving the dog, both modelling of physical activity and parental encouragement and logistical support; the provision of < £15 worth of physically active toys and dog walking equipment per family intended to facilitate play with the dog outdoors and more controlled walking with the dog, with guidance on the appropriate use of these materials from the Animal Behaviourist.
The intervention is intended to be generalisable, consisting of three home-based sessions (each approximately one hour, two in week 0 and one in week 6) with participating families and the researchers who will deliver the intervention, followed by four telephone contacts at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 10. Graded and individualised goals on dog walking and physical activity will be agreed and reviewed. One of the home-based sessions in week 0 with intervention families will be a 60-minute dog-walking/play/training session with the Certified Clinical Animal Behaviourist to help screen dogs and family for safety aspects of the intervention, provide support for the practical physical aspects of dog walking (e.g. best use of equipment) and to train families and dogs to interact in ways most likely to promote the physical activity of both family and dog. The intervention is outlined in brief in Table 2.
Safety screening for family and dog; best practice of equipment use; practical training aspects of physical activity interactions with child and dog.
Overview of intervention timeline; decision balance; discussion of individual physical activities and sedentary behaviours; identifying alternative behaviours; goal setting; reward structure; self-monitoring (Activity Chart).
Review goal progress and self-monitoring; address other questions; review social support; provide positive reinforcement.
Statement of positive encouragement relating to individual goals plus a helpful hint to becoming more active.
Review goal progress, self-monitoring and rewards; relapse prevention.
Review goal progress, self-monitoring; address any questions; positive encouragement.
Statement of positive encouragement relating to individual goals plus reminder of forthcoming post- intervention measurements.
The control group will receive the intervention after all of the outcome measures have been completed (a 'waiting list' control design).
Following recruitment, baseline measures will be made on all participants, and then participating families will be allocated randomly to intervention or control groups. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and 11 weeks later (in the week after the end of the intervention for the intervention group).
The UK Medical Research Council Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions in public health recommends consideration of a potentially wide range and large number of outcomes at the exploratory trial stage which might be modified or reduced, in the light of exploratory trial experience, when the subsequent, more definitive, trial is planned. With this advice in mind the present study has included a large number of measures of a range of outcomes in the children, all of which are at least potentially sensitive to changes in physical activity . The trial will also include measurement of a number of outcomes in parents and dogs. The primary and secondary outcomes in children, parents, and dogs are summarised in Table 3.
• 10 week change (baseline-1 week post-intervention) in objectively measured total volume of physical activity with the Actigraph accelerometer (The Actigraph, Florida) using the accelerometry count per minute ; over 7 days in the children.
• Changes in Child Health Related Quality of Life, as reported separately by both the children and by their parents, using the PedsQL which is practical, valid, and sensitive to change resulting from lifestyle interventions [37, 42].
• Changes in parent body weight.
• Changes in total volume of physical activity (Actigraph accelerometry; 39), in part as a process evaluation measure.
In order to conduct a process evaluation of the intervention and trial, and to inform future interventions, we will evaluate the child-dog walking diary in combination with simultaneous Actigraph accelerometry data from parent, child, and dog (to identify whether and when all three were physically active together) at the end of the intervention. This will permit an assessment of the extent to which children, parents, and pets were 'exercising together' at baseline and at follow up, including a summary of the number and frequency of episodes when all three were physically active together in each week.
A brief study exit questionnaire with Likert scale responses will be used to obtain feedback on the intervention (as a form of process evaluation) from all families in the intervention group, to categorise those engaged versus those less engaged with the intervention (for the purposes of the per-protocol analysis), and to identify perceived barriers and facilitators of the intervention; perceptions of the acceptability of the intervention and the outcome measures and suggestions for future interventions.
A qualitative study, involving a focus group with participating parents and a separate focus group with participating children, will be conducted after the intervention in order to: inform the process evaluation of the intervention; obtain participant views on the acceptability of the intervention and outcome measures; obtain participant suggestions for the intervention to be developed for the larger, longer term, trial.
Finally, a CONSORT study flow diagram (Figure 1) will be used to summarise sample attrition and missing data for all | |
3687
Sorption Diffusion of Methyl substituted benzenes through crosslinked nitrile rubber/ Poly (ethylene co – vinyl acetate) blend membranes, Joseph, A.E.Mathai and S.Thomas, J. Memb. Sci., (2003) 220 13
A study of the utilization of reclaimed Natural rubber prophylatic in Blend with Epoxidized Natural rubber and Sillica, Mathew, R.P. Singh, G. Groeninckx and S. Thomas, Process in Rubber, Plastics Recycling Technology, (2003) 19 205
Melt rheological behaviour of intimately mixed short sisal-glas hybrid fiber-reinforced low-density polyethylene Composites II: Chemical Modification, Kalaprasad and S.Thomas, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., (2003) 89 443
Compatibilisation of heterogeneous acrylonitrile butadines rubber polystyrene blends by the addition of Styrene – acrylonitrilc compolymer effect on morphology mechanichal properties, Mathew and S. Thomas, Polymer, (2003) 44 1295
Mechanical viscoelastic behaviour of NR XSBR Latex Blends, R. Stephen, K.V.S.N. Raju, S. V. Nair, S. Varghese, Z. Oommen and S. Thomas, J. Appl. Polym.Sci., (2003) 88 2639
Melt Rheology, Morphology of LLDPE/ EVA blends: Effect of blend ratio, Compatibilization and Crosslinking, A. Moly, Z.Oommen, S.S. Bhagawan, G. Groeninckx and S Thomas, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., (2002) 86 3210
A comparison of the mechanical properties of phenol formaldehyde composites reinforced with banana fibre glass fibre, S. Joseph, M.S. Sreekala, Z. Oommen, P. Kozhy and S. Thomas, Comp. Sci. Tech., (2002) 62 1857
Transport of substituted benzenes through nitrile rubber/natural rubber blend membranes,E Mathai, R.P.Singh and S.Thomas, J.Memb.Sci., (2002) 202 35
Molecular transport of aromatic hydrocarbons through ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, P.V. Anilkumar, K.T.Varghese and S.Thomas, Poly. and Polym.Comp. (2002) 10(7) 553
Dynamic mechanical behavior of acrylonitile butadiene rubber/polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends, H. Varghese, T.Johnson, S.S.Bhagawan, S.Joseph, G.Groeninckx and S.Thomas, and J.Polym.Sci: Part B: Polym.Phy. (2002) 40 1556
Effect of fiber surface treatments on the fiber-matrix interaction in banana fiber reinforced polyester Composites, L.A. Pothan, J. George and S.Thomas, Comp.Interface., (2002) 9(4) 335
Environmental effects on the degradation behaviour of sisal fibre reinforced polypropylene composites, P.V. Joseph, M.S. Rabello, L.H.C. Mattoso, K.Joseph and S.Thomas, Comp. Sci.and Tech., (2002) 62 1357
Viscoelastic properties of oil palm fibre reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites, S. Joseph, M.S. Sreekala and S.Thomas, Int.J.of Pla.Tech., (2002) 5(1) 28
Transport of aromatic solvents through natural rubber/polystyrene (NR/PS) interpenetrating polymer network membranes, A.P.Mathew, S.Packirisamy, R.Stephen and S.Thomas, J.Memb.Sci., (2002) 201 213
Modelling of tensile moduli in polystyrene/polybutadiene blends, S.Joseph and Thomas, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., (2002) 40 755
Short sisal fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: the role of interface modification on ultimate properties, P. V. Joseph, K. Joseph and S. Thomas, Comp. Interface., (2002) 9(2) 171
Melt elasticity behaviour extrudate characteristics of LLDPE/EVA blends: effect of blend ratio, compatibilisation, dynamic cross-linking, K.A.Moly, S.S. Bhagawan and S.Thomas, Mat. Lett., (2002) 53 346
The mechanical performance of hybrid phenol-formaldehyde-based composites reinforced with glass oil palm fibres, M.S. Sreekala, J.George, M.G. Kumaran and S.Thomas, Comp. Sci. and Tech., (2002) 62 339
Water sorption in oil palm fibre reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites, M.S. Sreekala, M.G. Kumaran and S. Thomas, Composites Part A, (2002) 33 763.
Melt elasticity extrudate characteristics of polystyrene/polybutadiene blends, S. Joseph, Z. Oommen S. Thomas, Mater. Lett., (2002) 53 268
Reactive Blending with immiscible functional polymers: Molecular, morphological interfacial aspects, G.Groeninckx, S. Thomas, C. Harrats "Reactive Polymer Blending", W. Baker and C. Scoot G. H. Hu (Ed.), Hanser Publishers, Munch Chap. (2001) 3, 43
Cure Characteristics mechanical properties of vulcanised natural rubber by using a new binary accelerator system, A. S. Aprem, K. Joseph, G. Mathew and S. Thomas, J. Rubb. Res., (2001) 4(1) 44
Permeation of nitrogen oxygen gases through styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber styrene-butadiene rubber/natural rubber blend membranes, S. C. George, K. N. Ninan and S. Thomas, Eur. Polym. J., (2001) 37 183
Recycling of natural rubber latex waste its interaction in epoxidised natural rubber, G. Mathew, R. P. Singh, N. R. Nair and S. Thomas, Polymer, (2001) 42 2137
Interfacial Adhesion in sial fiber/SBR composites: an investigation by the restricted equilibrium swelling technique, R. P. Kumar and Thomas, J. Adhesion Sci., Technol., (2001) 15 (6) 633
Izod impact behaviour of natural rubber/polystyrene interpenetrating polymer networks, A. P. Mathew and Thomas, Mater. Lett., (2001) 50 154
Effect of initiating system, blend ratio crosslink density on the mechaical properties failure topography of nano-structured full-interpenetrating polymer networks from natural rubber polystyrene, A.P. Mathew, S. Packirisamy, H. J. Radusch and S. Thomas, E. Polym. J., (2001) 37 1921
Studies on the thermal stability of natural rubber/polystyrene interpenetrating polymer networks: thermogravimetric analysis, A. P. Mathew, S. Packirisamy and S. Thomas, Polym. Deg. and Stab., (2001) 72 423
Thermogravimetric analysis thermal ageing of crosslinked nitrile rubber/poly-ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends, H. Varghese, S. S. Bhagawan and S. Thomas, J. Therm. Analy. and Calo., (2001) 63 749
Transport phenomena through polymer systems, S. C. Geroge and Thomas, Prog; Polym.Sci., (2001) 26 985
Tansport of water through polyamide-nitrile rubber blends ans its influence on mechanical properties, C.R. Kuamr, B.Francis and S.Thomas, Poym.Polym.Comp., (2001) 9 247
Water absorption kinetics in oil palm fibers, M.S. Sreekala, M.G. Kumaran and S.Thomas, J. Polym. Sci.: Part B Phy, (2001) 39 1215.
Thermal dynamic mecahnical analysis of polystyrene composites reinfroced with short sisal fibers, K. C. M Nair, G. Groeninckx and S. Thomas, Comp.Sci.Tech, (2001), 61 2519
Interaction of n- alkanes with crosslinked cis-1, 4- polybutadiene, J. J. Manikath, B. Francis, M. Jacob, R. Stephen, S. Joseph, S. Jose and S. Thomas, J. of Applied Polym. Sci., (2001) 82 2404.
Molecular transport of aromatic solvents in isotactic polypropylene/acrylonitrile-co-butadiene rubber blends, S. George, K. T. Varughese and S. Thomas, Polymer, (2000) 41 579
Dynamically vulcanised thermoplastic elastomer blends of polyethylene nitrile rubber, J. George, K.T.Varughese and S. Thomas, Polymer, (2000) 41 1507
Dynamic mechanical thermal properties of physically compatibilised natural rubber/poly (methyl methacrylate) blends by the addition of natural rubber-graft-poly (methyl methacrylate), Z. Oommen, G. Groeninckx and S. Thomas, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. (2000) 38 525
Melt Rheology Morphology of Thermoplastic elastomers from polyethylene/nitrile-rubber blends: The effect of blend ratio, reactive compatibilization, dynamic vulcanization, J. George, K. Ramamurthy, K. T. Varughese and S. Thomas, J. of Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. (2000) 38 1104
Thermal crystallisation behaviour of isotactic polypropylene/nitrile rubber blends, S. George, K. T. Varughese and S. Thomas, Polymer, (2000) 41 5485
Carbon-Black-Filed SBR composites: The effect of rubber-filler interaction on transport, S. C. George and S. Thomas, J. Macromol. Sci., Phys. B (2000) 39 (2) 175
Sorption, diffusion permeation of chlorinated hydrocarbon vapours through natrural rubber, epoxidised natural rubber their blends, T. Johnson and S. Thomas, Polym. -Plast. Technol. Eng., ( 2000) 39(2), 363
Effect of expoxidation on the transport behaviour mechanical properties of natural rubber, T. Johnson and S. Thomas, Polymer (2000) 41 7511
Pervaporation separation of chlorinated hydrocarbon acetone mixtures with crosslinked styrene-butadiene rubber natural rubber blend membranes, S. C. George, K. N. Ninan and S. Thomas. J. Memb. Sci., (2000) 176 131
Morphology melt rheological behaviour of short-sisal fibre reinforced SBR composites, R. Prasanthakumar, K. C. M. Nair and S. Thomas, S. C. Schit, K. Ramamurthy, Comp. Sci. Tech., (2000) 60 1737
Rheological behaviour of short sisal fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites, K. C. M. Nair, R. P. Nair, S. Thomas, Sc. Schit and K. Ramamurthy, Composites, Part A (2000) 31 1231
Sorption diffusion of acrylonitrle monomer through crosslinked nitrile rubber, A. S. Aprem, K. Joseph, A. P. Mathew and S. Thomas, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., (2000) 78 (5) 941
Molecular transport of aromatic hydrocarbons through nylon-6/ethylene propylene rubber blends: Relationship between phse morphology transport charactecistics, S. C. George, G. Groeninckx, K. N. Ninan and S. Thomas, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., (2000) 38 2136
Styrene-butadiene rubber/natural rubber blends: morphology, transport behaviour dynamic mechanical mechanical properties, S. C. George, K. N. Ninana, G. Groeninckx and S. Thomas, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., (2000) 78 1280
Determination of polarity parameters of chemically modified cellulose fibers by means of the solvatochromic techniqe, L. A. Pothan, Y. Zimmermann, S. Thomas, S. Spange, J. Polym. Sci.: Part B: Polym. Phys., (2000) 38 2546
The role of crosslinking crystalisation on the transport characteristics of ethylene-propylene rubber membranes, S. V. Nair, | |
Liverpool.
Barcelona
Em 6 de janeiro de 2018, O Liverpool emitiu um comunicado oficial anunciando a saída de Coutinho para o Barcelona, que logo após confirmou a contratação do brasileiro, que assinou contrato por cinco anos e meio, com uma cláusula de rescisão de 400 milhões de euros. Os valores da transação não foram divulgados pelo Barcelona, mas especula-se que gira em torno de 130 milhões de euros fixos e outros 33 milhões em variáveis, transformando o jogador no segundo atleta mais caro de todos os tempos. No dia de sua apresentação, o Barcelona informou que Coutinho se apresentou com uma lesão muscular na coxa.
Em 24 de janeiro de 2018, foi anunciado que Coutinho usaria a camisa de número 14, imortalizada por Johan Cruijff e também utilizada por outros ídolos do clube, como Thierry Henry e Javier Mascherano.
Após algumas semanas se recuperando da lesão, fez sua estreia em 25 de janeiro, entrando no decorrer da partida contra o Espanyol, válida pela Copa do Rei de 2017–18.
Em 8 de fevereiro, fez seu primeiro gol pelo Barcelona na partida de volta da semifinal da Copa do Rei, sobre o Valencia, obtendo papel decisivo na classificação para final. Na ocasião, Coutinho entrou no segundo tempo e completou cruzamento na segunda trave de Luis Suárez, fazendo o primeiro gol na vitória por 2–0 Em 24 de fevereiro saiu seu primeiro gol no Camp Nou em um chutaço de fora da área, além de deixar sua marca o meia ainda deu uma assistência para Suárez na goleada por 6–1 sobre o Girona. marcou seu primeiro hat-trick com a camisa catalã na derrota por 5–4 contra o Levante, válida pela 37ª rodada do Campeonato Espanhol. Foi um dos protagonistas no título da Copa do Rei de 2017–18, onde marcou um dos gols na final contra o Sevilla, e forneceu uma assistência para Luis Suárez abrir o placar da partida. Encerrou sua primeira temporada pelo clube espanhol com dez gols e seis assistências em 22 jogos, com os títulos da La Liga de 2017–18 e da Copa do Rei, além de ter sido o terceiro maior goleador do time na temporada, ficando atrás apenas de Suárez e Lionel Messi.
Em 9 de agosto de 2018, o clube catalão anunciou que mudaria algumas numerações e que Coutinho mudaria da 14 para a 7.
2018–19
Coutinho marcou seu primeiro gol na temporada no dia 18 de agosto, na vitória de 3–0 sobre o Deportivo Alavés, válida pela primeira rodada da La Liga. Marcou seu primeiro gol na Liga dos Campeões da UEFA pelo Barcelona no dia 3 de outubro, na vitória por 4–2 sobre o Tottenham, em Wembley. O meia abriu o placar do jogo e ainda deu uma assistência para o croata Ivan Rakitić. Já no dia 28 de outubro, Philippe entrou na lista de brasileiros que marcaram no El Clásico; o meia abriu o placar na goleada diante do Real Madrid por 5–1 no Camp Nou. Ao deixar sua marca, Coutinho juntou-se a Neymar, Romário, Ronaldo, seu ídolo Ronaldinho Gaúcho e tantos outros craques brasileiros. No dia 6 de novembro, dessa vez pela Liga dos Campeões da UEFA, Coutinho serviu Malcom para abrir o placar no empate diante da Internazionale, pela 4ª rodada da competição.
Pela Copa do Rei, marcou na derrota diante do Levante, e deu uma assistência no jogo seguinte para Suárez marcar o primeiro gol do jogo da vitória por 3–0. Após críticas sobre seu rendimento voltou a ser um dos principais destaques na vitória por 6–1 no jogo de volta da Copa do Rei diante do Sevilla. Marcou o segundo gol do confronto pela Liga dos Campeões da UEFA sobre o Lyon após passe de Suárez. Voltou a marcar pela La Liga no empate por 4–4 diante do Villarreal.
Com 11 gols e cinco assistências em 53 partidas na temporada 2018–19 e duras críticas, Philippe encerrou um curto ciclo de um ano e meio em Barcelona, transferindo-se por empréstimo ao Bayern de Munique tendo disputado 75 jogos marcados 21 gols pelo clube espanhol.
Bayern de Munique
Em 19 de agosto de 2019, assinou por empréstimo de uma temporada com o Bayern de Munique, que terá uma opção de compra ao final do empréstimo. Coutinho herdou o número 10 de Arjen Robben, um dos maiores ídolos do clube. Estreou pela equipe bávara no dia 24 de agosto, contra o Schalke 04, em jogo válido pela Bundesliga.
Seu primeiro gol pelo Bayern München saiu contra o Colônia. A partida terminou 4–0 e Coutinho ainda teve participação em outros dois gols na partida. No jogo seguinte, pela sexta rodada da Bundesliga de 2019–20, Philippe marcou mais uma vez e ainda deu assistência na vitória por 3–2 diante do Paderborn 07. Deu novamente uma assistência na temporada no massacre alemão por 7–2 diante do Tottenham em partida válida pela segunda rodada da fase de grupos da Liga dos Campeões da UEFA. Também deu um passe para gol no empate por 2–2 diante do Augsburg pela oitava rodada da Bundesliga. Após passar um jejum de algumas partidas sem fazer marcar, Phillippe voltou a balançar ás redes na goleada de 4–0 diante do Fortuna Düsseldorf. Na penúltima rodada da fase de grupos da Liga dos Campeões, deu uma assistência na goleada por 6–0 diante do Estrela Vermelha. Seu primeiro gol na Champions saiu na última rodada da fase de grupos, no duelo contra o Tottenham; Coutinho marcou o primeiro gol do jogo em um chute colocado, na vitória por 3–1. Em jogo válido pela 15ª rodada da Bundesliga, o brasileiro fez uma das melhores jogos da sua carreira: Coutinho marcou três gols e deu duas assistências na goleada por 6–1 diante do Werder Bremen, sendo este o seu primeiro hat-trick com a camisa do Bayern, o seu 4º como profissional.
Aston Villa
Sem espaço no Barcelona, no dia 7 de janeiro de 2022 foi anunciado o seu empréstimo ao Aston Villa. Dias antes Coutinho havia sido elogiado por Steven Gerrard, treinador do clube e seu antigo companheiro de Liverpool. Foi apresentado oficialmente pelo Aston Villa no dia 11 de janeiro, recebendo a camisa de número 23.
Estreou pela equipe no dia 15 de janeiro, contra o Manchester United, em jogo válido pela Premier League. O brasileiro começou no banco de reservas e entrou aos 23 minutos do segundo tempo. Mesmo com poucos minutos em campo, participou da jogada do primeiro gol e ainda marcou o segundo no empate em 2–2. Teve grande atuação no dia 9 de fevereiro, pela Premier League, ao marcar um gol e dar duas assistências no empate em 3–3 com o Leeds United.
No dia 12 de maio de 2022, foi anunciada a sua compra em definitivo pelo Aston Villa, pelo valor de 20 milhões de euros. Estreou oficialmente na temporada 2022–23 no dia 6 de agosto, na derrota por 2–0 contra o Bournemouth, fora de casa, em jogo válido pela Premier League.
Marcou seu primeiro gol em 2023 no dia 18 de fevereiro, mas não conseguiu impedir a derrota para o Manchester City por 4–2, em partida válida pela Premier League.
Seleção Nacional
Sub-14
Pelas categorias de base da Seleção Brasileira, Philippe Coutinho ajudou o Brasil a conquistar o Torneio Internacional da Espanha na categoria sub-14.
Sub-15
No ano seguinte o meia conquistou bicampeonato do mesmo torneio, desta vez pela seleção sub-15. E 2007 foi também o ano da conquista do título do Sul-Americano sub-15. Em março 2008 ajudou o Brasil na conquista do Torneio Internacional da Espanha e ainda em dezembro foi campeão do Torneio Nike International Friendlies.
Sub-17
Em 23 de março de 2009, foi convocado para a disputa do Sul-Americano Sub-17 onde foi campeão e marcou três gols, incluindo um gol na final contra a Argentina. Em 28 de setembro de 2009, foi convocado pelo técnico | |
Ferdinand Porsche would be proud of the Carrera GT. The company he founded in 1948 (71 years ago) has produced an amazing string of sports cars that was only recently interrupted by—of all things—a truck. If the introduction of that Cayenne sport-ute had you wondering if the folks from Zuffenhausen had gone soft, think again. The exotic $448,400 605-hp Carrera GT revealed here is arguably the finest sports car the company has ever produced.
It is an incredible car, with a plethora of juicy technical details and glorious thrust from a mid-mounted aluminum V-10 engine. We learned about both during a day of testing and driving at Italy's Adria International Raceway.
Remember the Acura NSX, the car that brought family-sedan drivability to the supercar ranks? Porsche has done much the same thing here, but with the performance bar raised to a dizzying height. Let's check the numbers.
The 60-mph run isn't a sprint; it's simply a first stride in this car. It's gone in 3.5 seconds. A scant 3.3 seconds later, 100 mph arrives. By the time your brain has caught up with the ever-increasing velocity, the GT has passed 130 mph—in 10.8 seconds, and hey, was that the quarter-mile marker at 11.2 seconds and 132 mph? The comparison with the $659,430 650-hp Ferrari (95 walls) Enzo is inevitable, so here goes: The Enzo gets to 60 in 3.3 seconds, 100 in 6.6, and the quarter in 11.2 seconds at 136 mph.
So the Enzo is a few ticks quicker, but consider this: Unlike the Enzo, which has an automated manual transmission that automatically operates the clutch and shifter, the Carrera GT has a good ol' six-speed manual and a traditional clutch. Although we tried our best, the Carrera is extremely hard to get off the line cleanly. The 5.7-liter V-10 engine has about zero inertia. Breathing on the gas pedal sends the revs soaring. Likewise, if you lift off, they plummet. And the engine is all too willing to overpower the rear tires.
The clutch operates like an on/off switch and is tough to engage smoothly. Unlike a regular clutch that has only one friction disc, the GT has four and is about two-thirds the diameter (6.7 inches) of a standard 911 clutch.
It and the dry-sump oil system allowed engineers to mount the engine lower (the crankshaft is only 3.9 inches off the carbon-fiber underbody tray) and reap the handling benefits of a lower center of gravity.
The clutch engages in maybe the last inch of the floor-mounted pedal's travel. The best way we found to get the car rolling was by slowly releasing the pedal without giving it any gas. Every time we added some throttle, the car stalled or we smoked the tires. Pulling into dense traffic produces sweaty palms. The Carrera GT is, however, terrifically durable. We saw one car endure about 40 drop-clutch launches with no ill effect on its performance.
The rest of the car is a pure joy. Flat steel rods join the high-mounted shifter to the transmission and provide a satisfying mechanical feel that makes you glad you have to shift the old-fashioned way.
That free-revving engine is unlike anything else we've ever sampled. It's loud, blowing 93 dBA on our sound meter during a full-throttle blast, but the shriek is the kind that prickles your body hair. The power peak is high (605 horsepower at 8000 rpm), as is the torque (435 pound-feet at 5750 rpm), but the engine is quite flexible.
The engine, the gearbox, and the differential reside in a lightweight carbon-fiber subframe that bolts to a bulkhead behind the two seats. Since the subframe carries the structural load, Porsche used three flexible engine mounts—one in front and two at the rear—to isolate the chassis from engine vibrations.
There's carbon fiber throughout the car. The carbon-fiber chassis is made by ATR, the same company that produces the Enzo chassis. It's formed by placing about 1000 pieces of carbon-fiber cloth on molds that are first vacuum-bagged to prevent air bubbles and then cured under high temperature and pressure in an autoclave.
The idea, of course, is to save weight. And Porsche engineers are fanatical pound pinchers. Even the seats, like the body, are carbon fiber and weigh about 23 pounds, half as much as each 911 perch. The wheels are forged magnesium and weigh about a third less than conventional aluminum rims. Aluminum was used in place of steel for the upper control arms and front crush structure. The engine designers helped the weight shaving with titanium connecting rods and cast the engine oil tank into the transmission housing. The oil passages that run to and from the engine are internal, so there are no external lines.
"Then why," we asked this car's project manager, Michael Hölscher, "does the 3146-pound GT weigh almost the same as a 3181-pound Corvette Z06?"
There are many reasons, but a major one is the removable roof section. Achieving the desired bedrock chassis stiffness Porsche wanted in an open car required adding extra material to the chassis. Hölscher wouldn't quote any numbers but said it's probably the stiffest car on the road today. After our brief drive, we think he might be right. He also pointed to the bank of three large radiators that fill the nose of the car. "It will never overheat," he pledged. Add in about 40 pounds of filler to give the carbon-fiber body a durable shiny finish, air conditioning, and the general beefing up of components to deal with the forces of 605 horsepower, and suddenly you're at standard road-car weight.
At least the company didn't skimp in the passenger compartment. There was legroom and headroom to spare for this six-foot-one test driver. The view out is fantastic, with a drop-away hood that seemingly lets you see a dime a foot in front of the car's nose. The shifter is mounted high but not uncomfortably out of reach. And despite the absence of a backrest adjustment, the deeply sculpted, thinly padded seats felt perfect. Makes you wonder why everyone doesn't ditch heavily padded seats for these well-designed shells. The crowning touches are the subtle elbow pads on the center console and door.
The cockpit is the perfect place to experience the Carrera GT's handling precision. There are a few concessions to comfort, including vibration-absorbing engine mounts and the addition of air conditioning, but the suspension is all business. For example, the control arms are mounted to the chassis by spherical bearings instead of the usual rubber mounts that filter road noise but allow small deflections to minutely change the positioning of the wheels.
The carbon-fiber chassis provides some inherent sound dampening, but you can still feel and hear even small road cracks. Large frost heaves send an alarming crack through the chassis, but over moderate bumps, the ride is firm and surprisingly resilient.
Thoughts of ride quality quickly faded as we barreled into a tight hairpin at 135 mph. Here's where we'd like to brag about our abilities to keep this flailing beast on the track. But we can't—the GT's excellent manners and tremendous grip make difficult maneuvers seem easy.
We didn't record any notes on the steering feel. We didn't forget to—it's just that it felt quite natural. There's power assist, but it doesn't vary with vehicle speed. Yet the effort builds with cornering speeds, and you always get a sense of how close the tires are to their cornering limits.
Those limits are fantastically high. Although there wasn't a skidpad at the track, our Racelogic VBOX GPS data logger recorded 1.10 g in slow corners and 1.19 g in faster corners, where the car's aerodynamics (the spoilers and the underbody diffusers) likely added enough downforce to enhance grip. Since some of the corners appeared to have subtle | |
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Patients, lab staff suffer from reduced pathology services at North Island hospitals
Oct 30, 2019 | Health Care, Latest Feature
By George Le Masurier
"As goes your pathology, so goes your medicine" — Dr. William Osler, Canadian physician and co-founder of Johns Hopkins University
First in a series about medical laboratory services available on the North Island
If Island Health executives get their way, the new Comox Valley Hospital could lose all of its onsite clinical pathologist services sometime next year, a move that area doctors and elected officials believe will further diminish patient care on the North Island.
The Vancouver Island Health Authority has already sanctioned the transfer of clinical pathologist services from the Campbell River Hospital (CRH) laboratory to specialists at Royal Jubilee and Victoria General hospitals.
This has created longer wait times in Campbell River for results from urgent and emergent blood tests and cancer diagnoses, and it has added hours of extra work onto overburdened lab technologists and assistants, who were already stressed due to constant multiple staff vacancies.
EDITOR'S NOTE: Reading the definitions in the right-hand sidebar will enable a better understanding of some technical aspects of this story.
According to the community group Citizens for Quality Health Care, the change has made the relationship between pathologists and lab techs "estranged and awkward."
"Both pathologists and technologists are demoralized and traumatized in this demeaning situation created by VIHA, which has also made our lab unsustainable into the future with an ever-increasing population," the group said in a presentation to the Campbell River City Council.
The transfer of work has also absorbed funding that could have been used to hire a third general pathologist in Campbell River, a position that Dr. Aref Tabarsi, one of the two current Campbell River general pathologists, believes is essential to the continued safe operation of the laboratory.
The experienced general pathologist team from the former St. Joseph's General Hospital, now located at the new VIHA-managed hospital on Lerwick Road, have so far been immune to these changes. But when their contract expires next March, Bellamy fears that the Comox Valley Hospital will also lose its onsite clinical pathologist work to Victoria.
Dr. David Robertson, VIHA's executive medical director for laboratory services, told the Campbell River City Council in July that these changes are part of the health authority's long-term strategy to hire pathology specialists, rather than general pathologists, and centralize them in Victoria.
HOSPITAL BOARD UNHAPPY
None of this has pleased the North Island medical community or local elected officials who expected fully functional laboratories when they committed taxpayers to fund about $267 million of the two hospital's construction costs.
Multiple North Island organizations, groups and individuals have recently spoken in opposition to Island Health's reorganization of the two hospital's laboratories. Among them: the Comox Strathcona Regional Hospital District board, Campbell River City Council, 75 local doctors and dozens of lab technologists and lab assistants.
And they all agree on the need for a third pathologist in Campbell River.
After fighting for years with Island Health over a long list of issues — flawed planning, pay parking, a poorly designed helicopter pad, public-private partnerships, overcapacity issues and losing microbiology lab services before the new hospitals even opened in 2014 — some hospital board directors have had enough.
"We're all getting sick and tired of fighting VIHA every step of the way," Discovery Islands-Mainland Inlets director Jim Abram told Decafnation this week. "Why do citizens have to keep fighting a superfluous government agency?"
Echoing those sentiments, Oyster Bay Director Brenda Leigh believes North Island taxpayers have been short-changed.
Dr. Chris Bellamy
"It is very disturbing that Island Health is continuing to try to downsize the services we were promised when we put forward our 40 percent investment for the NI Hospitals," she told Decafnation.
But so far, that opposition has not persuaded Island Health to restore clinical pathology services to the North Island or to abandon its vision of consolidating clinical pathology into the purview of a group of specialists in Victoria.
How and why VIHA got to the point of eliminating such critical laboratory services in Campbell River and soon in the Comox Valley is complicated, but the net result is easy to understand, according to 30-year Comox Valley general pathologist Dr. Chris Bellamy.
"The public should recognize how integral a laboratory is to a hospital," he told Decafnation. "If you don't have a functional lab, you don't have a proper acute care hospital."
WHAT'S GOING ON, IN A NUTSHELL
Island Health plans to consolidate clinical pathologist services so that each sub-area of the field — microbiology, chemistry and hematology — will be handled by a group of Victoria pathologists who have specialized in one of those areas. VIHA considers this as a better model than the current one, which relies on general pathologists in smaller community hospitals.
While all pathologists spend five years in training, general pathology specialists receive competency in all areas of the field. Clinical pathology specialists go deeper into a single area of the field, but do not achieve competency in the other areas.
That is why most hospitals in communities outside of the province's metropolitan cities employ general pathologists, and have them working at their full scope of practice.
In a recent presentation to the regional hospital board, Robertson indicated that VIHA was headed toward a specialist-based model for clinical pathology on Vancouver Island that it claims will be more efficient and get better results.
General pathologists disagree.
"You don't need a Phd in math to teach high school algebra," Bellamy said.
He and Tabarsi say most of the work at community hospitals does not require a specialist. But they always have and will continue to consult with specialists in Victoria, Vancouver and elsewhere when they encounter difficult or rare cases.
"Why not build on what works and is already in place," Bellamy said. "General pathologists are still viable in the Comox Valley and Campbell River. We're not denying doctors or patients access to specialized care. I highly respect the professional opinions of the anatomical and clinical pathologists in Victoria. I'll always reach out when it's needed, but not always to the Victoria specialist. Sometimes to specialists at Vancouver General, the BC Cancer Agency or Children's Hospital, whoever is the best qualified for the case.
"Why restrict pathologists from providing the best care available?"
In the early 2000s, a specialist microbiology pathologist from Alberta — who had been through a health care disaster in 1996 after 40 percent of the province's clinical pathologists were laid off along with nearly 60 percent of lab technologists — came to VIHA with the idea that all microbiology on the Island could be handled in Victoria on a 24/7 basis.
In order to handle such a huge additional volume of specimens, the microbiologist proposed an expensive, automated robotic system located in Victoria. It was claimed the system would save money on staffing and that it could be operated remotely by microbiology technologists in hospitals outside Victoria, thereby retaining local microbiology expertise, infrastructure and jobs in hospitals outside Victoria.
The VIHA executive and Board of Directors bought into the concept and the technology — despite some misgivings from the microbiologists — but it never delivered as promised.
"The automated system and its promised benefits was a pipe dream. In fact, it had the reverse effect," Bellamy said.
But the idea of consolidating areas of clinical pathology took root in Victoria.
VIHA eventually moved ahead with plans to consolidate all Vancouver Island medical microbiology services in Victoria, and it did so despite cautionary notes in a 2011 independent review of its proposal.
CAMPBELL RIVER SUFFERS
In 2006, Dr. Aref Tabarsi took a telephone call from a Victoria pathologist who demanded that some Campbell River work be sent to Victoria.
"I was told to send my bone marrow work (hematology) to Victoria or Victoria would demand to review all of my work," Tabarsi told Decafnation. "So, | |
fluctuations, $N_t \to \infty$, Eq. \ref{eqn:variance} gives the evolution of variance over time,
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:var_no_noise}
\sigma^2_c(t) = \sigma^2_c(t=0) \exp{\left( 2\int_{0}^{t}{\frac{\partial R}{\partial c} \,\mathrm{d} t} \right)}.
\end{equation}
In the same limit, with the initial condition $f(c_0, t=0)=f_0(c_0)$, using method of characteristics, the solution \cite{Ramkrishna2000} to the Fokker-Planck equation without the diffusive term (Eq. \ref{eqn:Eulerian}) is
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:f_no_noise}
f(c\left(t,c_0 \right),t)=f_0(c_0) \exp{\left( \int_0^t{-\frac{\partial R}{\partial c}\left( c\left(t,c_0 \right),t \right) dt} \right)},
\end{equation}
where $c\left(t,c_0 \right)$ follows the characteristics and is the solution to Eq. \ref{eqn:traj_determ} with the initial condition $c(t)=c_0$.
We see that in the limit of sharply-peaked distribution, by taking the variance on both sides of Eq. \ref{eqn:f_no_noise}, Eq. \ref{eqn:var_no_noise} is recovered.
If the reaction rate does not explicitly depend on $t$, then
\begin{equation}
f(c\left(t,c_0 \right),t) = f_0(c_0)\frac{R(c_0)}{R(c\left(t,c_0 \right),t)}.
\end{equation}
\subsection{Electrochemical reactions} \label{sec:kinetics}
Electrochemical systems offer the most physically realizable benchmark for the population dynamics model, since in experiments the control of current or voltage corresponds to the control of the total reaction rate or the chemical potential of the reservoir $\mu_{\text{res}}$, respectively. In this section, we focus on the effect of reaction kinetics in the case of constant total reaction rate -- one of the most commonly used protocol in electrochemistry. The total reaction rate is given by
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:total_rate}
R_{\text{total}} = \frac{\mathrm{d} \avg{c}}{\mathrm{d} t} = \int_0^1{c \frac{\partial f}{\partial t} \,\mathrm{d} c} = \int_0^1{j \,\mathrm{d} c}.
\end{equation}
In the limit of a sharply-peaked distribution, the center of the peak $c_0$ is equal to the average concentration $\avg{c}$ and shifts linearly in time. The total reaction rate is equal to the reaction rate at $c_0$, that is, $\mathrm{d} c_0/ \mathrm{d} t = R(c_0)$. Therefore, the evolution of variance in Eq. \ref{eqn:variance} can also be written as,
\begin{equation}
\frac{\mathrm{d} {\sigma}^2_c}{\mathrm{d} c_0} = 2\left( \left. \frac{s}{R} \right|_{c_0} \sigma^2_c + \frac{k_{\text{B}} T}{N_t} \frac{1}{\mu_{\text{res}}-\mu} \right).
\end{equation}
In the limit of negligible fluctuation or infinitely large reaction rate, when the thermodynamic driving force $\mu_{\text{res}}-\mu$ is large, the growth of the standard deviation of the distribution is given by
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:K}
K = \ln{\left(\frac{\sigma_c}{\sigma_{c_0}} \right)} = \int_{c_0}^c{\frac{s}{R} \,\mathrm{d} c}.
\end{equation}
In this section, we consider the following simple reaction kinetics,
\begin{equation}
R = R_0(c) g(\mu_{\text{res}}-\mu),
\end{equation}
where $g(0) = 0$, which includes important cases of electrochemical reactions~\cite{Bazant2013,Bazant2017}. The corresponding autocatalytic rate is
\begin{equation}
s = \frac{\partial R}{\partial c} = R_0'g - R_0 g' \mu' = R\left( \frac{R_0'}{R_0} - \frac{g'}{g}\mu'\right).
\end{equation}
With this particular form of reaction kinetics, we have
\begin{equation}
K = \left. \ln{R_0} \right|_{c_0}^{c} - \int_{c_0}^{c}{\frac{g'}{g}\mu' \,\mathrm{d} c}.
\end{equation}
Here we focus on the explicit dependence of reaction rate on concentration, in particular how the exchange current, $R_0(c)$, affects the stability of the particle ensemble by electroautocatalysis~\cite{Bazant2017}. Hence we discuss the case of positive differential resistance $g'>0$, that is, the reaction rate increases with the driving force, which preserves the contribution of the thermodynamic stability to the overall stability. Although not the focus of the paper, Marcus theory for outer-sphere electron transfer, for example, exhibits an inverted region, or negative differential resistance\cite{Bazant2013,Bazant2017}, which can destabilize a thermodynamically stable system and make the reaction autocatalytic. Reaction kinetics of this form can be derived from transition state theory. For example, the famous Butler-Volmer equation has the form above\cite{Bazant2013,Newman2012}, where $R_0$ is called the exchange current and
\begin{equation}
g(x) = e^{\alpha x} - e^{-(1-\alpha) x},
\end{equation}
where $\alpha$ is the charge transfer coefficient. In the case of symmetric Butler-Volmer kinetics, $\alpha=0.5$, $g'=\sqrt{\left( g/2 \right)^2+1}$. The standard deviation grows in regions where $s>0$, or $\left(\ln{R_0}\right)'>\sqrt{1/4+\left(R_0 / R\right)^2}\mu' \text{sgn}(R)$, as shown by Bazant in Ref. \cite{Bazant2017}.
With Butler-Volmer kinetics, when the driving force $\mu_{\text{res}}-\mu$ is small, $g(x) \to x$, and the reaction rate is slow. Therefore the second term in Eq. \ref{eqn:K} dominates and whether the standard deviation increases or decreases is mainly determined by the thermodynamic stability,
\begin{equation}
K \approx -\frac{1}{R} \int_{c_0}^{c}{R_0 \mu' \,\mathrm{d} c}.
\end{equation}
At high total reaction rate, both the exchange current and thermodynamics determine the evolution of standard deviation.
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:K_inf_current}
K \approx \left. \ln{R_0} \right|_{c_0}^{c} -
\begin{cases}
\alpha \left. \mu \right|_{c_0}^{c} & \text{if } R>0 \\
-(1-\alpha) \left. \mu \right|_{c_0}^{c} & \text{if } R<0
\end{cases}.
\end{equation}
The exchange current of the reaction kinetics is crucial in determining the stability of the system\cite{Bazant2017, Lim2016}. The asymmetry in exchange current leads to asymmetric behavior between forward and backward reactions. In the case of LFP, a skewed exchange current results in more uniform concentration profiles during intercalation while greater inhomogeneity during de-intercalation.
To illustrate how the exchange current alters the kinetic stability, we choose regular solution as the thermodynamic model.
\begin{equation} \label{eqn:regular_solution}
\frac{\mu}{k_{\text{B}} T} = \ln{\frac{c}{1-c}} + \Omega (1-2c),
\end{equation}
where the first term arises from the entropy of mixing and the second term comes from enthalpic interaction. When $\Omega>2$, there exists a spinodal gap and the system phase separates into two phases with low and high concentrations.
Table \ref{table:maxsigma} lists, in the case of symmetric Butler-Volmer kinetics ($\alpha=0.5$), the maximum standard deviation ratio at infinitely fast reaction rate for three types of exchange current, which is attained in the interval $[c_1,c_2]$ in which $\partial R/\partial c \geq 0$. The starting and ending concentrations $c_1$ and $c_2$ are also listed in the table. See section \ref{sec:LFP} below for a plot and discussion on the region of instability $\partial R/\partial c \geq 0$ at arbitrary reaction rates. The first two exchange currents are symmetric and thus exhibit symmetric behavior for forward and backward reactions. Constant exchange current does not alter the thermodynamic stability -- the kinetic instability ($s>0$) grows exactly within the spinodal region, which exists when $\Omega>2$. Fig. \ref{fig:demo_variance} shows that evolution of the standard deviation at infinitely large reaction rate. The third row of the figure shows that the evolution for the constant exchange current follows the trend of the chemical potential. For the second exchange current $\sqrt{c(1-c)}$, which is frequently used in electrochemistry, the kinetic instability grows within $[0,1-1/\Omega]$ for forward reaction and $[1/\Omega,1]$ for backward reaction. The instability region exists when $\Omega>1$. Since at low enough reaction rate the system always follows thermodynamic stability, when $1<\Omega<2$, it only becomes linearly unstable at high reaction rate. As shown in the second row of figure \ref{fig:demo_variance}, the second exchange current results in a larger maximum standard deviation ratio as well as region of instability than the constant exchange current.
As Bazant has shown \cite{Bazant2017}, the third exchange current is predominantly autocatalytic in the backward direction due to the asymmetrically increasing exchange current in that direction. When the direction is reversed, the autoinhibition results in greater homogeneity for the forward reaction. In particular, at infinitely large backward reaction rate, the system is kinetically unstable within the concentration range $[1/2\Omega,1]$, which exists when $\Omega>1/2$. At infinitely large forward reaction rate, the system remains stable regardless of the value of $\Omega$, behaving entirely differently from the symmetric exchange currents. Fig. \ref{fig:demo_variance} shows that, in the backward direction, the amplification of standard deviation and the length of the instability interval increases in the order of constant, symmetric $\sqrt{c(1-c)}$ and asymmetric $(1-c)e^{\mu/2}$ exchange current, the reason for the latter being $1/2\Omega<\left( 1-\sqrt{1-2/\Omega} \right)/2 < 1/\Omega$. Fig. \ref{fig:demo_variance} also shows the agreement between the analytical expression for the evolution of standard deviation from Eq. \ref{eqn:K_inf_current} and numerical simulation for the same exchange currents. The approximation captures the magnitude of maximum standard deviation and where maximum standard deviation is attained.
\begin{table*}[htb]
\caption{Maximum standard deviation ratio with the starting and ending average fraction for three different exchange current.}
\label{table:maxsigma}
\begin{center}
\begin{ruledtabular
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
Exchange current & $1 \; (\Omega>2)$ & $\sqrt{c(1-c)} \; (\Omega>1)$ & $(1-c)e^{\mu/2} \; (\Omega>1/2)$ \\ \hline
$\max_{c_1,c_2}{\frac{\sigma_{c_1}}{\sigma_{c_2}}}$ & $\frac{1-\sqrt{1-2/\Omega}}{1+\sqrt{1-2/\Omega}} \exp{\left( \Omega \sqrt{1-2/\Omega} \right)}$ & $\frac{1}{\Omega} e^{\Omega-1}$ & $\frac{1}{2\Omega} e^{2\Omega -1}$ \\
$c_1$ & $\frac{1 \mp \sqrt{1-2/\Omega}}{2}$ & $0$ or $1$ & $1$ \\
$c_2$ & $\frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1-2/\Omega}}{2}$ & $1-\frac{1}{\Omega}$ or $\frac{1}{\Omega}$ & $\frac{1}{2\Omega}$ \\
\end{tabular}
\end{ruledtabular}
\end{center}
\end{table*}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{sigma_inf_current.pdf}
\caption{Evolution of the standard deviation of the distribution at infinitely large negative reaction rate and zero fluctuation. The colored solid curves plot the analytical expression (Eq. \ref{eqn:K_inf_current}). Squares represent simulations at sufficiently large negative currents. | |
The oracle ran as follows:-
Time shall be when the female shall conquer the male, and shall chase him Far away- gaining so great praise and honour in Argos; Then full many an Argive woman her cheeks shall mangle Hence, in the times to come 'twill be said by the men who are unborn,
"Tamed by the spear expired the coiled terrible serpent." At the coincidence of all these things the Argives were greatly cast down; and so they resolved that they would follow the signals of the enemy's herald. Having made this resolve, they proceeded to act as follows: whenever the herald of the Lacedaemonians gave an order to the soldiers of his own army, the Argives did the like on their side.
Now when Cleomenes heard that the Argives were acting thus, he commanded his troops that, so soon as the herald gave the word for the soldiers to go to dinner, they should instantly seize their arms and charge the host of the enemy. Which the Lacedaemonians did accordingly, and fell upon the Argives just as, following the signal, they had begun their repast; whereby it came to pass that vast numbers of the Argives were slain, while the rest, who were more than they which died in the fight, were driven to take refuge in the grove of Argus hard by, where they were surrounded, and watch kept upon them.
When things were at this pass Cleomenes acted as follows: Having learnt the names of the Argives who were shut up in the sacred precinct from certain deserters who had come over to him, he sent a herald to summon them one by one, on pretence of having received their ransoms. Now the ransom of prisoners among the Peloponnesians is fixed at two minae the man. So Cleomenes had these persons called forth severally, to the number of fifty, or thereabouts, and massacred them. All this while they who remained in the enclosure knew nothing of what was happening; for the grove was so thick that the people inside were unable to see what was taking place without. But at last one of their number climbed up into a tree and spied the treachery; after which none of those who were summoned would go forth.
Then Cleomenes ordered all the helots to bring brushwood, and heap it around the grove; which was done accordingly; and Cleomenes set the grove on fire. As the flames spread he asked a deserter "Who was the god of the grove?" whereto the other made answer, "Argus." So he, when he heard that, uttered a loud groan, and said:-
"Greatly hast thou deceived me, Apollo, god of prophecy, in saying that I should take Argos. I fear me thy oracle has now got its accomplishment."
Cleomenes now sent home the greater part of his army, while with a thousand of his best troops he proceeded to the temple of Juno, to offer sacrifice. When however he would have slain the victim on the altar himself, the priest forbade him, as it was not lawful (he said) for a foreigner to sacrifice in that temple. At this Cleomenes ordered his helots to drag the priest from the altar and scourge him, while he performed the sacrifice himself, after which he went back to Sparta.
Thereupon his enemies brought him up before the Ephors, and made it a charge against him that he had allowed himself to be bribed, and on that account had not taken Argos when he might have captured it easily. To this he answered- whether truly or falsely I cannot say with certainty- but at any rate his answer to the charge was that "so soon as he discovered the sacred precinct which he had taken to belong to Argos, he directly imagined that the oracle had received its accomplishment; he therefore thought it not good to attempt the town, at the least until he had inquired by sacrifice, and ascertained if the god meant to grant him the place, or was determined to oppose his taking it. So he offered in the temple of Juno, and when the omens were propitious, immediately there flashed forth a flame of fire from the breast of the image; whereby he knew of a surety that he was not to take Argos. For if the flash had come from the head, he would have gained the town, citadel and all; but as it shone from the breast, he had done so much as the god intended." And his words seemed to the Spartans so true and reasonable, that he came clear off from his adversaries.
Argos however was left so bare of men that the slaves managed the state, filled the offices, and administered everything until the sons of those who were slain by Cleomenes grew up. Then these latter cast out the slaves, and got the city back under their own rule; while the slaves who had been driven out fought a battle and won Tiryns. After this for a time there was peace between the two; but a certain man, a soothsayer, named Cleander, who was by race a Phigalean from Arcadia, joined himself to the slaves, and stirred them up to make a fresh attack upon their lords. Then were they at war with one another by the space of many years; but at length the Argives with much trouble gained the upper hand.
The Argives say that Cleomenes lost his senses, and died so miserably, on account of these doings. But his own countrymen declare that his madness proceeded not from any supernatural cause whatever, but only from the habit of drinking wine unmixed with water, which he learnt of the Scyths. These nomads, from the time that Darius made his inroad into their country, had always had a wish for revenge. They therefore sent ambassadors to Sparta to conclude a league, proposing to endeavour themselves to enter Media by the Phasis, while the Spartans should march inland from Ephesus, and then the two armies should join together in one. When the Scyths came to Sparta on this errand Cleomenes was with them continually; and growing somewhat too familiar, learnt of them to drink his wine without water, a practice which is thought by the Spartans to have caused his madness. From this distance of time the Spartans, according to their own account, have been accustomed, when they want to drink purer wine than common, to give the order to fill "Scythian fashion." The Spartans then speak thus concerning Cleomenes; but for my own part I think his death was a judgment on him for wronging Demaratus.
No sooner did the news of Cleomenes' death reach Egina than straightway the Eginetans sent ambassadors to Sparta to complain of the conduct of Leotychides in respect of their hostages, who were still kept at Athens. So they of Lacedaemon assembled a court of justice and gave sentence upon Leotychides, that whereas he had grossly affronted the people of Egina, he should be given up to the ambassadors, to be led away in place of the men whom the Athenians had in their keeping. Then the ambassadors were about to lead him away; but Theasides, the son of Leoprepes, who was a man greatly esteemed in Sparta, interfered, and said to them:-
"What are ye minded to do, ye men of Egina? To lead away captive the king of the Spartans, whom his countrymen have given into your hands? Though now in their anger they have passed this sentence, yet belike the time will come when they will punish you, if you act thus, by bringing utter destruction upon your country."
The Eginetans, when they heard this, changed their plan, and, instead of leading | |
a long time ago. It may began with Thomas Newcomen's fuel-burning engine of 1712 that was used to pump water out of coal mines to increase profits. In 1776, his machine markedly improved by Watt's steam engine setting up the Age of Steam Power.
In the very same year of James Watt, early factories and workshops discharged 15 million tons of CO2; by 1800, it was 30 million tons; 50 years on and it was 200 million tons a year; by 1900, it had reached 2 billion; and today, it is a whopping 40 billion tons.
Since the days of Thomas Newcomen and James Watt, temperatures have increased by 1.1°C. This may sound rather small but, still has very serious impacts resulting in droughts that are ever more severe, storms that are angrier, fires that are stronger, and global heat waves that are more common, longer and deadlier. Meanwhile sea-levels continue to rise.
Worse, this stuff piles up. CO2 emissions have a cumulative effect as some countries pump up more than others. The USA's 4% of global population creates a whopping 30% of all emissions; the EU's 7% produce 22% of all CO2emissions; China's 18% produce just 13% CO2 emissions; India makes just 3%; and all the African continent just 6%. Already in the year 1965, US President Lyndon Johnson's issued report on global warming that noted oceans would rise about four feet (122cm) every ten years or forty feet (1.22 meter) per century.
Geologists argue that the space to watch is Greenland. There, the temperature on its ice-sheet showed violent swings during 90,000 of the last 100,000 years. A volatile climate was a fact of life until the earth's climate started to settle down about 10,000 years ago.
Yet for 90,000 years, earth experienced temperature swing of up to 10°C. Unexpectedly, it became warm and dry. Shortly thereafter, it was cold with lots of rain. Plants died or were eaten by pests as areas dried up or were flooded. Suddenly, London became Sydney and then it changed back in a very short time. This is what earth's unpredictable temperatures looked like for the last 100,000 years.
The last great and very unpredictable temperature and climate swing came towards the end of the last Ice Age. After that, temperatures increased by about 9.50C in just one decade. Surprisingly, after that our climate settled down. It became rather stable and predictable.
Between about 10,000 years and the recent arrival of the Anthropocene, earth's climate was relatively stable. For the last 10,000 years, year after year, decade after decade and even century after century, our climate was steady, predictable and foreseeable. This allowed for one of the most momentous shifts in humanity.
Virtually everything we call civilization falls within these 10,000 years. A period of relative climate tranquility. Even though the last 100,000 years were stable, we – rather mistakenly – tend to think that this kind of stable climate is the normal state of affairs on earth. This is by no means so. It never was so and, by all indications, it will never be so. Once you realize that the earth's climate is in fact inherently unstable, the last thing you'd want to do is to mess with the earth's climate. Yet, this is exactly what we have been doing for decades – we have unhinged our climate.
By no means incidentally, but 10,000 years ago was the time when the earth's climate stabilized but it was also the time when human beings made one of its most significant inventions ever. Unlike the common perception that the invention of the wheel was the most important thing humans have ever created, in reality it was something entirely different.
The climate stability that started about 10,000 years ago gave us the perfect conditions for our most important invention ever: agriculture. Virtually, our most important civilizations in Persia, in China and in India began effectively at the same time: around 6,000 years ago.
Based on climate stability that allowed agriculture to flourish, human beings created a steady supply of food. This allowed us to develop things like writing, build sophisticated social structures and organizations, early science, and we started to build city-like settlements.
All this became possible because a stable and predictable climate gave us agriculture and plenty of food. Some have argued that if the earth's climate would have become settled and predictable, let's say about 50,000 years ago, civilization might have started 50,000 years ago.
Yet, instead of maintaining the relatively short period of stable and predictable climate that allows us to feed today's eight billion people, we do the very opposite. We have unhinged earth's climate. In front of our eyes, the climate of our world is spinning out of control giving us heat wave after heat wave, more droughts, another record flood, etc.
These are the unmistaken signs that we are moving Back to the Future of climate instability. We are on the onset of a time when our climate has become unstable and unpredictable. This may disallow us to continue with agriculture as we know it.
Much of this moving backwards is related to a loss of the earth's sea ice in the Arctic. Earth After Ice will not just mean no more skiing. It may well mean global annihilation. Global warming also means that since 1990, ice loss in Greenland has increased sevenfold – from losing 30bn tons to 200bn billion tons a year. These are unimaginable numbers.
To make it real, this might help: in the 2019 summer, Greenland lost 6bn tons of ice. 6bn tons of ice is the water one needs to fill a swimming pool the size of California – 60cm high with water. The problem is that, we are not losing 6bn tons but 200bn tons of ice – 33 times as much or 33 California-size swimming pools filled with 60cm of water – every year.
This is what global warming means: rising sea levels and floods: Dark Water Rising. Worse, once Greenland's ice has melted, it turns white ice into dark soil. Dark soil absorbs more sunlight while white ice reflects sunlight. This will turbo-charge global warming.
Since many of our cities are close to the coast, a lot of cities will be flooded from Miami to Boston to Mumbai to Shenzhen to Sydney to New Orleans to Shanghai to Tokyo to New York to Dhaka to Calcutta – the list continues.
If the world continues to sit on its hands, ice will continue to melt until it totally disappears. This process is set to accelerate. Worse, even if CO2 are reduced – something that looks unlikely – it will take decades for our climate to stabilize – if this is possible at all.
Unless, we can manage to stabilize our climate very soon and avoid moving into a time that existed before 10,000 years ago when earth's climate was so unpredictable that it did not allow us to have agriculture, we are in dire straits. Without stable climate, there was no agriculture and there may very well be no agriculture.
Without agriculture – we cannot sustain a population of 7.9 billion. Around 10,000 BC, earth's population ranged between 1 to 15 millions – somewhere between the size of a city like Oslo (one million) and Buenos Aires (15.2 million). That was earth's total population when agriculture began.
Without agriculture – this may well be the range to what earth's population might go back to. Improved agriculture during the last 6,000 years might improve this number by 100x, which means not 15 million but 1.5bn people.
If we get fantastically lucky, we might even double that number and arrived at 3bn people, which is surprisingly close to the 3.9bn people that some estimated to be a sustainable number of people to populate earth. That | |
Camera buyer's guides
GoPro camera buyer's guides
The best GoPro 2022: Which GoPro should you buy today?
Cam Bunton, Contributing editor · Updated 16 September 2021 ·
Analysis Interpretation of the news based on evidence, including data; projecting how events might unfold based on past events or how products and services compare against each other.
GoPro/Pocket-lint
- Which is the best action camera for you to choose?
(Pocket-lint) - With the rise of image stabilisation in smartphones, the importance of the action camera market has reduced somewhat in recent years. After all, your phone is likely water resistant and something you already carry around with you. But that said, there are still situations where an action camera is preferable, particularly if you want to mount it easily to your bike, helmet or chest. And there's one company that does action cameras better than the others: GoPro.
While there's more competition now, GoPro still has arguably the best all-round ecosystem of action cameras. And thanks to some product line refreshing over the past couple of years, the sheer number of options has reduced to make choosing one much easier. So which GoPro should you buy?
What GoPro offers
GoPro's entire lineup has gone through something of a streamlining process and complete refresh over the past couple of years. Whereas prior years saw various models, including a budget, tiny Session, the company now only offers versions of the flagship Hero series and the 360-degree Max.
In 2018, it moved around its product line quite a bit to achieve this streamlining, and further slimmed it down in 2019 with the launch of the Hero 8 and Max. In 2020 and 2021, that process was refined further. Although, older models are available from third party retailers.
GoPro also offers an array of accessories, from small handheld mounts that act as tripods, to floating cases and handles. It also has a great, easy to use mobile app for editing. As an ecosystem goes, it's pretty unbeatable.
Our pick of the best action cameras from GoPro
GoPro Hero 10 Black
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After such a drastic redesign in 2020, it didn't make sense for GoPro to completely rip it up and start again. From the outside - apart from the bright blue branding - there's no real difference between the Hero 10 and the Hero 9 that came before it. But the internals have been given an impressive power boost.
The camera is powered by a second generation custom processor called the GP2 and that has enabled a host of improved video capture and stills capabilities. With this additional power, the camera can shoot up to 5.3K at 60fps, 4K up to 120fps or 2.7K up to 240fps, essentially doubling the frame-rate of its predecessor.
That's not all though. Along with a new sensor, the camera has improved low light capabilities so that dim scenery has a lot less noise than before, while also enhancing HyperSmooth stabilisation so that it works in more modes with higher resolutions and frame rates.
It works with all the same Mods as the Hero 10, is built to the same water-resistant (10m) standards and has the mounting feet built into the bottom of the camera for convenience.
GoPro's 2020 Hero is the culmination of years of improving stabilisation algorithms. HyperSmooth 3.0 builds on the Hero 8's capabilities by automatically stabilising shakes and judders from your footage an making it impossibly smooth. Change direction suddenly and it'll smoothly pan, using a smart algorithm.
There were two key improvements on previous cameras, however, which make it very appealing for any buyer. One of those is undoubtedly the larger battery which lasts much longer than its predecessors. The other is that there's an actually useful screen on the front that you can use to frame yourself when facing the lens. It's no longer just a black and white screen with basic information.
GoPro improved the audio too, putting a better microphone at the front of the camera as well building in a water expelling channel to further improve its waterproofing versus the older models.
Video capabilities include 5K recording at 30fps, 4K up to 60fps, 1080p live-streaming as well as slow motion 240fps and a number of timelapse and hyperlapse capture modes, including a Night Lapse photo option.
It's arguably one of the best value flagship Hero cameras to date as well, with a starting price well below some of its predecessors if you buy it with a GoPro subscription.
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GoPro doesn't want you to think of the Max as a reboot of the Fusion, but in a lot of ways it is. Likewise, in a lot of ways it isn't. It's a 360-degree camera, that's true, but its more than that and GoPro has completely changed the way you edit video from it.
You can shoot using either of the two 180-degree cameras on its own, and it features even better stabilisation than the Hero8. As well as using the HyperSmooth technology of the more standard camera, it uses its ultra wide lenses to automatically level the horizons, so not only does it make all your footage smooth, it's also always level.
It has a better mic than the Hero8 too, in fact, offering similar performance to the shotgun mic mod that you can buy for the Hero8. It has six mics in total, offering that 360-degree audio.
Of course, you can shoot in 360 too, using both cameras, and then you simply use the GoPro mobile app to reframe any of the footage you capture in a way that's much more user friendly than the method offered by the Fusion. You can also use a TimeWarp feature that lets you speed up and slow down footage while panning around the 360-degree footage.
Like the Hero, it has built-in mounting arms, so you'll never need a case for it to mount it to any of your handles. What's more, it's only $100 more than the single-camera device.
GoPro didn't just enhance the action camera's capabilities when it launched the Hero 8 Black, it also brought with it a new, more practical design. It's slightly bigger and heavier than its predecessor, but that extra size and weight means there's now space for built-in mounting arms, and that means no more additional clip-on frame. It'll mount to anything all by itself.
As you'd expect, it's waterproof and can shoot up to 4K resolution, with a huge number of frame rates and resolutions available depending on what kind of footage you're wanting to shoot. The big news in video performance is the enhancement of the company's HyperSmooth stabilisation algorithms. It's called HyperSmooth 2.0 and is available across all resolutions and frame rates, so it doesn't matter what you shoot, it'll be buttery smooth.
4K Wide - 60, 30, 24 fps
4K SuperView - 30, 24 fps
4K Linear - 60, 30, 24fps
4K (4:3) Wide - 30, 24 fps
2.7K Wide - 120, 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K SuperView - 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K Linear - 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K Narrow - 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K (4:3) Wide - 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K (4:3) Linear - 60, 30, 24 fps
2.7K (4:3) Narrow - 60, 30, 24 fps
1440p Wide - 120, 60, 30, 24 fps
1440p Linear - 60, 30, 24 fps
1440p Narrow - 60, 30, 24 fps
1080p Wide - 240, 120, 60, 30, 24 fps
1080p SuperView + Linear - 120, 60, 30, 24 fps
One of the biggest enhancements to the Hero 8 Black is down to the redesigned exterior and port layout: mods. GoPro has introduced three new mod add-ons that enable a more professional vlogging experience. Simply: you can now connect a shotgun microphone, LED light and display mod so that you can light yourself in darker environments, get better audio recording and see yourself when shooting to camera.
It's for sure the most accomplished standard GoPro action camera to date. Check out more | |
as measured by color and softness. These classes include green-hard, green-soft, pink-soft, and red-soft. These berries were at different ripeness states and represented the transition of berries during véraison. Those green berries that were lagging behind in development had transitioned through pink and then red stages at a later time.
To determine ripening development, we monitored individual berries as they advanced from the various stages to the red-soft stage on intervals of 6, 10, and 13 days for pink-soft, green-soft, and green-hard berry classes, respectively. We found that once the lagging berry classes reach their corresponding red-soft stage, they develop at a faster rate during the two weeks following mid-véraison than their riper counterparts. This enhancement in the ripening rate of lagging berries resulted in reduced variability within a cluster at harvest with respect to sugar and pigments (color). This mechanism is known as "ripening synchronicity," and it involves changes in gene expression and hormones involved in ripening, suggesting that a coordinated mechanism of control is occurring at the genetic level (Gouthu et al., in progress).
Vineyard management practices such as cluster-zone leaf removal, cluster thinning, and deficit irrigation have been used for decades to improve fruit quality and achieve more uniform ripening. Several genomic studies focused on understanding the changes in gene expression of berries within a cluster due to selective defoliation (Pastore et al. 2013), cluster thinning (Pastore et al. 2011) and water deficit (Deluc et al. 2009). However, no study has investigated the naturally occurring changes in gene expression associated with the reduction of uneven ripening without modifying viticulture practices in the vineyard. We believe that uniform ripening is potentially important for grape growers and winemakers, and understanding the plasticity of grape berry ripening could be beneficial in adapting cultivars to a specific growing region, vineyard management practice, or wine style. From an ecological point of view, the grapevine benefits from having a more coordinated ripening of the berries to entice birds and other animals to feed and disperse seeds. As a result, cool climate cultivars may have adapted to complete this process more quickly to survive. Short growing seasons and advanced phenological stages have been reported in several regions across the world (Fraga et al., 2013). The ability to ripen more quickly is an interesting genetic trait to research as we seek better methods for grape production and face climate change.
Identifying developmental and environmental factors that control synchronized ripening through genomic research will increase our knowledge of ripening processes within grape berries. This information may allow us to combine applied and basic research methods to determine if there are viticulture practices that can be used to improve cluster ripening uniformity and wine quality. For example, since we know hormones play a critical role in the ripening process, we may be able to conduct more detailed research on the use of plant hormone sprays during véraison to achieve more uniform berry composition at harvest. Also, we can study the genomic and physiological response of berry ripening synchronicity with traditional vineyard management practices (canopy management, regulated deficit irrigation, and fertilization). These types of partnered applied and basic studies have not been conducted to date. Future short-term research projects to be conducted at OSU will focus on determining specific contributions of ripening-related hormones in the control of this mechanism. We hope to determine field applications that prevent or eliminate uneven ripening in the vineyards. Basic research will focus on the identification of the genes responsible for this regulatory mechanism within such applied projects. Finally, these findings may be helpful in developing large-scale genetic studies to determine the genetic makeup of cultivars such as Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Zinfandel that exhibit persisting levels of ripeness heterogeneity at harvest.
Deluc, L.G., D.R. Quilici, A. Decendit, J. Grimplet, M.D. Wheatley, K.A. Schlauch, J.M. Mérillon , J.C. Cushman, and G.R. Cramer. 2009. Water deficit alters differentially metabolic pathways affecting important flavor and quality traits in grape berries of Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay. BMC Genomics 10: 212.
Fraga, H., A.C. Malheiro, J. Moutinho-Pereira, and J.A. Santos. 2013. An overview of climate change impacts on European viticulture. Food Energy Secur. 1: 94-110.
Back in July, our vision of the 2013 growing season was one of easy success. We had limited rain and advanced grape development across the state, something that had been rare in recent years. However, September proved challenging due to shifts in weather which led to berry cracking and increased fruit rots across much of western Oregon. Questions poured in from industry professionals seeking information on Botrytis bunch rot management and more. Most growers were already using proper preventative measures–appropriately timed fungicide applications combined with judicious cluster-zone leaf removal. As harvest neared and rains began to fall, heightened concern over fungicide use and pre-harvest intervals (PHI) developed, leading to discussions about cultural management techniques such as leaf removal and culling damaged fruit.
Leaf removal has been well-studied in Oregon and world-wide by numerous researchers, including my lab at Oregon State University. Those studies varied from the impacts of leaf removal on vine growth to impacts on fruit ripening, berry composition, wine quality, and disease potential. A trial where we compared manual and mechanical leaf removal was of particular interest to industry this season for several reasons: sunburn/heat damage, disease management, and labor shortages. Many growers in Oregon have shifted to mechanical leaf removal over the past few years because it can reduce costs. We estimate manual leaf removal to cost approximately $270 per acre on average density vineyards (1,245 vines per acre) (Julian et al. 2008). Vierra (2005) reported mechanical leaf removal costs of $25 per acre compared to $130 per acre for manual leaf removal in California's Central Coast vineyards with vine densities ranging from 908 to 1,089 vines per acre. Drawbacks to mechanical leaf removal, which may be either real or perceived, include damage to clusters, reduced precision compared to hand-removal, and the potential for leaves to remain lodged in dense canopies. Development of new leaf removal technology and equipment has reduced many of these concerns.
However, applied research is needed to determine how mechanical leaf removal affects key aspects of vineyard production so that growers can make informed management decisions when shifting practices from manual to mechanical methods. This article summarizes salient findings of a trial conducted to compare manual and mechanical leaf removal in Pinot noir during 2011, one of our coolest and wettest years in recent history.
Prior to 2011, research was conducted across several commercial vineyards in the Willamette Valley (2008 to 2011) to determine impact of early season leaf removal on powdery mildew (Erisyphe necator) and Botrytis bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea). Results showed that early season leaf removal reduced powdery mildew and Botrytis incidence and severity of clusters when compared to no leaf removal (Skinkis and Mahaffee, unpublished). That research evaluated manual leaf removal only. Since many growers are switching to mechanical leaf removal, concerns have been raised about applicability of mechanical leaf removal early in the season (bloom or fruit set) without resulting in cluster and berry damage. This led us to evaluate whether hand and mechanical leaf removal would cause cluster damage, and influence fruit set, yield, fruit composition, and disease incidence when applied at different time points during the 2011 season.
Mechanical and manual (hand) leaf removal methods were compared in a commercial vineyard in the Dundee Hills AVA. The vineyard was planted to Pinot noir (clone 777) grafted to Riparia Gloire rootstock in 1997 at a vine density of 3,015 vines per acre. Vines were oriented in north-south rows and trained to a vertically shoot positioned canopy. Leaf removal was conducted at three time points: bloom, pea-size, and bunch closure. Leaves were removed from both the east and west side of | |
replaces it by a propagator line with the same external momenta.
Consider the graph $\tilde{\mathcal G}$ resulting from the contractions
of all degree-2 vertices in ${\mathcal G}$.
Note that if ${\mathcal G}$ is 1PR or 1PI then so is $\tilde{\mathcal G}$
and the number of degree-4 vertices and external legs
coincide in both graphs.
We define the number $Br$ of c-bridges (chain-bridges) of ${\mathcal G}$ to be the number
of bridges in $\tilde{\mathcal G}$. Note a c-bridge of ${\mathcal G}$ can be very well
associated with a bridge ${\mathcal G}$.
We also introduce $V_4 + V_{+;4} = V_{(4)}$.
\begin{lemma}[Bound of $\rho_{+}$]\label{lem:rhob}
Let ${\mathcal G}$ be a graph with $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} > 0$ external legs. Then,
$\rho_{+}({\mathcal G}) \le V_{+;4}$. If ${\mathcal G}$ is melonic
- $V_{(4)} =1$, then $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G})=0$.
- $V_{(4)} >1$, then $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G}) \le V_{(4)}- {N_{\rm ext} \over 2}- Br$,
where $Br$ is the number of c-bridges in the graph ${\mathcal G}$.
\end{lemma}
\proof The first statement is clear from the combinatorial procedure
counting at most $V_{+;4}$ for $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G}) $ for an arbitrary graph.
Now this bound can be refined for a melonic $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}$-point
graph.
If $V_{(4)}=1$, then
either $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} =4 $, and then $\rho_+({\mathcal G})=0$, or $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}=2$, and
we have a melonic tadpole or a melonic graph with one c-bridge
which gives again $\rho_+({\mathcal G})=0$.
A 1PI graph ${\mathcal G}$ with 4 valent vertices can have at most 2 external legs per vertex.
Consider a melonic graph ${\mathcal G}$ and its colored extension ${\mathcal G}_{\col}$:
then each vertex in ${\mathcal G}_{\col}$ comes with a partner (see for instance Figure 1 in \cite{Geloun:2012fq}).
Note that the two partner vertices belong to the same vertex in ${\mathcal G}$.
If one vertex $v$ has a propagator $l$ and
its partner $\tilde v$
has no propagator (hence has an external leg) then $l$ must be a bridge.
Focusing on 1PI bipartite melons, then either $v$ and $\tilde v$ have both propagators or have both external legs. The presence of $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}$ external legs in 1PI bipartite melons implies
that these external legs must be hooked to $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}/2$ vertices.
Take any vertex $v_s$ with color $s$ where an external leg is incident, then an external leg is also incident to $\tilde v_s$.
None of the open faces with color $0s$,
which can be enhanced, could bring any contribution to $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G})$. Repeating the argument for $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}/2$ vertices, we see that these vertices could not
be part of the optimization procedure computing $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G})$ and
so $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G}) \le V_{(4)} - N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}/2$.
Now we treat the case of a 1PR graph ${\mathcal G}$.
Consider its resulting $\tilde{\mathcal G}$ after the contraction of all of its degree-2 vertices.
Cut all bridges in $\tilde{\mathcal G}$ to obtain a family of 1PI subgraphs. On each component $\tilde{\mathcal G}_{j}$
the bound $\rho_{+}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j) \le V_{(4)}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j)- {N_{\rm ext}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j) \over 2}$ holds.
Summing this relation over 1PI subgraphs and using Lemma \ref{lem:bridg}, we get
\begin{equation}\label{rhop1pr}
\rho_{+}(\tilde{\mathcal G}) =
\sum_{j}\rho_{+}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j)
\le \sum_{j}[V_{(4)}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j)- {N_{\rm ext}(\tilde{\mathcal G}_j) \over 2} ]
= V_{(4)} - \frac{1}{2} N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} - \sharp \text{bridges }\,,
\end{equation}
where we used that each bridge cut brings two additional external legs compared
to $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}$. Finally, we can use the relation $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G})=\rho_{+}(\tilde{\mathcal G})$
because degree-2 vertices are not involved in the counting
of $\rho_{+}$ and $\sharp \text{bridges }=Br$.
In summary, we can also use \eqref{rhop1pr}
for 1PI graph with $Br =0$.
\qed
As an illustration of Lemma \ref{lem:rhob}, consider the graphs of Figure \ref{fig:rhomaxmelons0}.
Consider the melonic graph at the left hand side. ${N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} \over 2} = 3 $ vertices which have external legs will not contribute to $\rho_{+} ({\mathcal G}) $.
Hence, $\rho_{+} ({\mathcal G}) \le V_{(4)} - {N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} \over 2}$.
On the other hand, consider the non-melonic graph on the right hand side. $ 3$ vertices which have external legs contribute to $\rho_{+} ({\mathcal G}) $.
\begin{figure}[H]\
\begin{center}
\begin{minipage}{.7\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[angle=0, width=4cm, height=3.5cm]{rhomaxmelons.pdf}
\includegraphics[angle=0, width=4cm, height=3.5cm]{rhomaxnonmelons.pdf}
\caption{ {\small Examples of $N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} = 6$-point functions in rank $d=3$ of a melonic and a non-melonic type. }}
\label{fig:rhomaxmelons0}
\end{minipage}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
For a melonic graph, Lemma \ref{lem:rhob} gives in fact two bounds. The bound $\rho_{+}({\mathcal G})\leq V_{+;4}$ is sharper than the other, if and only if
\begin{equation}
V_4 \ge \frac{N_{\rm{ext\,}}}{2} + Br \,.
\end{equation}
\
\noindent{\bf Potentially renormalizable models.}
We restrict now to primitively divergent graphs which can be considered
connected and with $Br=0$, in other words to 1PI graphs.
The degree of divergence of this model is, by
combining \eqref{deg+} and \eqref{eq:face} and using $2 L = n \cdot V - N_{{\rm{ext\,}}}$,
$a\leq b$,
\begin{eqnarray}
\omega_{{\rm d};+}({\mathcal G})
&=& - {2 D \over (d^-)!} ( \omega({\mathcal G}_{\rm color}) - \omega (\partial {\mathcal G})) - D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1)
-{1\over 2} \left[ ( D \, d^- - 2 b) N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} - 2 D \, d^- \right]
\crcr
&&+ {1 \over 2} \left[ -2 D\, d^- + (D \, d^- - 2 b) n \right] \cdot V + 2 a \rho_{+}
+2a\rho_{2;a}+ 2b \rho_{2;b} \,.
\end{eqnarray}
From Lemma \ref{lem:rhob}, we have
\begin{eqnarray}
\triangle^{\rm melon}_{+} &=&
\left\{
\begin{array}{lc}
0, & V_{(4)} = 1 \cr
V_{(4)} - {N_{{\rm{ext\,}}} \over 2}- \rho_{+}({\mathcal G}^{\rm melon}) \ge 0, & V_{(4)}>1 \cr
\end{array}\right.
\crcr
\triangle_{+} &=& V_{+;4} - \rho_{+}({\mathcal G}) \ge 0\,.
\end{eqnarray}
The case $V_{(4)}>1$ is the most important one
when we study all orders of perturbation and we will focus on that.
Using the Lemma \ref{lem:boundxi}, and
further inserting that $\omega({\mathcal G}_{\rm color})=0$ and $\omega (\partial {\mathcal G}) = 0$ for melonic graphs,
\begin{eqnarray}
&&
\omega_{{\rm d};+}({\mathcal G}^{\rm melon})
\le
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1)
- {1 \over 2} \left[ (D\, d^- - 2 b + 2 a)N_{\rm ext} - 2D \,d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 bV_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ ( D \, d^- - 4 b + 2 a) V_{(4)}
- 2 a \triangle^{\rm melon}_{+} \cr\cr
&&
\le
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1)
- {1 \over 2} \left[ (D\, d^- - 2 b + 2 a)N_{\rm ext} - 2D \,d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 bV_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ ( D \, d^- - 4 b + 2 a) V_{(4)}\,.
\label{eq:1omegameldelta0}
\end{eqnarray}
There is another bound for melonic graphs:
\begin{eqnarray}
&&
\omega_{{\rm d};+}({\mathcal G}^{\rm melon})
\le
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1) - {1 \over 2} \left[ (
D d^- - 2b)N_{\rm ext} - 2 D d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 b V_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ (Dd^- -4b)V_{4}
+ ( D d^- - 4 b + 2a) V_{+;4} \cr\cr
&&
\leq
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1) - \left[ bN_{\rm ext} - D d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 b V_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ (Dd^- -4b)\Big(V_{4} - \frac{N_{\rm{ext\,}}}{2}\Big)
+ ( D d^- - 4 b + 2a) V_{+;4}
\,.
\label{eq:2omegamel}
\end{eqnarray}
Either choosing \eqref{eq:2omegamel} or
\eqref{eq:1omegameldelta0} as a sharper bound,
leads to the same result.
Meanwhile, for non-melonic graphs, using
$\omega({\mathcal G}_{\rm color}) - \omega (\partial {\mathcal G})\ge
{1 \over 2} (d^- - 1) d^- !$ \cite{Geloun:2012fq}, we get
\begin{eqnarray}
&&
\omega_{{\rm d};+}({\mathcal G}^{\rm non-melon})
\le
- D (d^- - 1)
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1) - {1 \over 2} \left[ (
D d^- - 2b)N_{\rm ext} - 2 D d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 b V_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ (Dd^- -4b)V_{4}
+ ( D d^- - 4 b + 2a) V_{+;4}
- 2 a \triangle_{+} \cr\cr
&&
\le
- D (d^- - 1)
- D (C_{\partial {\mathcal G}} - 1) - {1 \over 2} \left[ (
D d^- - 2b)N_{\rm ext} - 2 D d^-\right]
\crcr
&&
- 2 b V_2 - 2 (b-a) V_{2;a}
+ (Dd^- -4b)V_{4}
+ ( D d^- - 4 b + 2a) V_{+;4}
\,.
\label{eq:1omeganonmeldelta0}
\end{eqnarray}
For renormalizable models, we require the coefficients of vertices to be negative.
This is demanding that, since $a>0$, $b>0$,
\begin{equation}
D \, d^- - 4 b + 2 a \le 0 \,, \qquad b\ge a \,,
\end{equation}
which give for $a$,
\begin{equation}
a\; \le \;2 \, b - {1 \over 2} D \, d^-\,.
\label{eq:validity2}
\end{equation}
We see that the condition $a\leq b$ coming from the sum over internal
momenta has been naturally incorporated in the analysis.
Then, to achieve just-renormalizability, we use
$a = 2 b - {1 \over 2} D d^- \geq 0$ (and $a\le b$ implies that $b\leq {1 \over 2} D d^- $) given in
\eqref{eq:validity2} into \eqref{eq:1omegameldelta0} and | |
work than schmoozing and drinking at a Mardi Gras ball? I dipped my head, breaking out in a laugh.
"What?" He pinched his eyebrows together.
I met his eyes, seeing the confusion. "You prefer work," I stated. "I can relate to that."
He nodded. "My work challenges me, but it's also predictable. I like that," he admitted. "I don't like surprises."
I instantly slowed, nearly stopping our dance.
I said the same thing all the time. I never liked surprises _._
"Everything else outside of work is unpredictable," I added for him. "It's hard to control."
He cocked his head and brought his hand up to my face, running his thumb along my cheek.
"Yeah," he mused, leaning in while his hand circled the back of my neck possessively. "But there are times," he said softly, "when I like to lose control."
I closed my eyes. _Jesus._
"What's your last name?" he asked.
I opened my eyes, blinking. _My last name?_ I had kind of liked keeping specifics off the table. I didn't even know his first name yet.
"Easton?" he pressed.
I narrowed my eyes. "Why do you want to know that?"
He stepped forward, charging me slowly and pushing me backward. I had to keep backing up so as not to fall. "Because I intend on getting to know you," he said. It sounded like a threat.
"Why?"
"Because I like talking to you," he shot back, his voice thick with a laugh he was holding in.
I hit the wall behind me and stopped, glancing over at the people sitting at the table across the balcony.
He closed the remaining distance between us and dipped down until his face was a couple of inches from mine.
I locked my hands behind my back, instinctively tapping the wall with my fingers and counting in my head. _One, two, three—_
"Do you like _me_?" He cut me off, a playful tilt to his lips.
I couldn't keep the smile off my face. I turned my head, but I knew he saw it anyway.
"I don't know," I answered casually. "You might be too much of a gentleman."
The corners of his lips curled, looking sinister, and he threaded his hand around the back of my neck and through my hair, gripping my waist with the other and pressing his body to mine.
"Which means I'm still a man, only with more skill," he whispered against my lips, making my breath shake. "And there's only one place I won't be careful with you."
A whimper escaped, and I felt his hand tighten in my hair. He stared at my mouth, looking like he was ready to eat.
"I think you like me," he whispered, and I could almost taste his hot breath. "I think you even want to know my name."
He inched in, and I braced myself, so ready for it, but then suddenly he stopped and looked up.
"Tyler, there you—" A woman's voice stopped midsentence.
I twisted my head to see a beautiful blonde, maybe seven years older than me with a slightly surprised but not angry look on her face.
_Tyler._
That was his name.
And I shifted, forcing his hands to drop away from me.
Tyler straightened and looked at the woman.
"They're about to start," she told him, clutching her small purse in both hands in front of her. "Come inside."
He nodded. "Yes, thank you, Tessa."
She cast me a quick look before spinning around and walking back inside the ballroom.
Well, she must not be his wife.
Not that I thought he had one anyway, with no wedding ring, but she'd called him Tyler, which meant she was familiar with him.
I smoothed my dress down and touched my mask, making sure everything was in place.
"She's a date," he pointed out. "Not a girlfriend."
I shook my head, finally looking up at him. "No need to explain," I said lightly.
I was glad he wasn't married, but if he wanted to misbehave while he had a date in the next room, that was on him. I wasn't going to feel embarrassed.
But I was disappointed.
I looked around, avoiding his gaze, and hugged myself, rubbing my arms. The cold had turned bitter, and it sank into my bones now.
I hadn't wanted the night to end, but it was over now.
I'd liked it when I didn't know his name. I'd liked it when I was waiting to find out.
He leaned in. "I—"
But then he stopped, looking up with a scowl on his face, as a voice came over the microphone from inside.
"Give me your last name," he demanded quickly, pinning me with a hard stare.
"Now, what fun would that be?" I replied with his same sarcastic remark.
But he didn't see it as funny.
He shifted, tipping his head up and listening to the man on the microphone and looking hurried.
Why did he look so nervous?
"Shit," he cursed, and then leaned in to me, planting his hands on the wall behind my head.
"If you leave," he warned, "there will be nothing holding me back when we run into each other again."
A shiver ran through my chest, and my thighs tensed.
But I hid it well.
"In your dreams," I shot back. "I don't like lawyers."
He grinned, straightening and looking down at me. "I'm not a lawyer."
And with a smug look, he walked past me, back into the ballroom.
I let out a breath, my shoulders falling slightly. _Damn it._
I was both sick with disappointment and filled with unspent lust. What an asshole he was for leading me on when he had someone inside.
I'd acted like I'd known he hadn't come alone, but I hadn't really believed it. Perhaps he thought he'd get my number, take her home tonight, and call me tomorrow.
But that wasn't going to happen.
Sex happened where and when I wanted it. I didn't wait for men who put me on a menu.
I felt my phone vibrate again, and I ignored it, knowing Jack was probably pissed I'd disappeared for so long.
Stepping into the lively ballroom, with glasses clinking and people laughing, I ignored the speaker on stage when I peered over the crowd and spotted my brother by the tall double doors.
He had on his coat and held mine in his hand, and he looked aggravated. I moved swiftly over to him, turning around so he could put my wrap on me.
"Where were you?" he complained.
"Playing," I mumbled, not even trying to hide the teasing in my voice.
The speaker onstage droned on, slurring his words, and the audience laughed at his jokes, everyone else drunk enough to find them funny.
"Well, I want to get out of here before the NOPD parade comes down Bourbon," Jack reminded me, and then turned to fiddle with his phone.
I'd forgotten about the parade.
At midnight on Mardi Gras, the New Orleans Police Department—in their fleet of horses, dogs, ATVs, cars, trucks, and officers—walked the entire length of Bourbon, clearing the streets, an act that signaled the end of Mardi Gras and the beginning of Lent.
Partygoers filtered down the side streets only to return as soon as the police had passed by. We had gotten a hotel room on Decatur for the night to avoid traffic back to school in Uptown, but we needed to hurry if we were to get through the crowd before the police blocked our route.
"Come on," he urged, making his way out the doors while I began to follow.
"So, ladies and gentlemen!" the loud voice boomed behind me. "Please help me welcome a man who I hope will soon be announcing his candidacy for the United States Senate next year!" Everyone started clapping as he shouted, "Mr. Tyler Marek!"
I spun around, my eyes rounding as I saw the man who had just pinned me against a wall outside step onto the stage.
_Holy shit._
"Damn, I didn't know he was here," my brother said, coming up to my side.
"You know him?" | |
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$-$ & $-$ & $-$ & $-$ & $-$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{
Power-counting estimates of the contribution of low-energy dim-3, -6, -7, and -9 operators to the amplitudes in Eq.~\eqref{eq:TotAmp},
in terms of $m_{\beta \beta}$, the Higgs vev $v$, and $\epsilon_\chi \equiv m_\pi/\Lambda_\chi$, where $\Lambda_\chi \sim m_N \sim 1$ GeV.
We take the electron mass and energies to scale as $E_1 \sim E_2 \sim m_e \sim \Lambda_\chi \, \epsilon_\chi^3$.
This Table assumes the NMEs to follow the chiral EFT power counting.
$C_{\mathrm{vector}}^{(9)}$ indicates any of the vector operators in Eq.~\eqref{eq:Lag}.
Finally, note that to estimate the overall scaling of the amplitudes one needs to take into account that,
up to insertions of dimensionless couplings,
the Wilson coefficients scale as follows:
$m_{\beta \beta} = \mathcal O(v^2/\Lambda)$, $C^{(6,7)}_i = \mathcal O(v^3/\Lambda^3)$,
$C^{(9)}_{\rm 1 L,\, 4L,\, 5L}= \mathcal O(v^3/\Lambda^3)$ or $\mathcal O(v^5/\Lambda^5)$ (depending on the underlying model), and
$C^{(9)}_i = \mathcal O(v^5/\Lambda^5)$ for the remaining dim-9 operators. }\label{TabPC}
\end{table}
\subsection{Master formula for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay rate}
Using the amplitude in Eq.\ \eqref{eq:FullAmp}, the expression for the inverse half-life becomes \cite{Doi:1985dx,Bilenky:2014uka},
\begin{eqnarray} \label{eq:InvHalfLife}
\left(T^{0\nu}_{1/2}\right)^{-1} = \frac{1}{8 \ln 2}\frac{1}{(2\pi)^5 }\int \frac{d^3k_1}{2E_1}\frac{d^3k_2}{2E_2} |\mathcal A |^{2} F(Z,E_1)F(Z,E_2)\delta(E_1+E_2+E_f-M_i)\,\,.
\end{eqnarray}
Here $M_i$ is the mass of the decaying nucleus, while $E_{1,2}$ and $E_f$ are
the energies of the electrons and final daughter nucleus in the rest frame of the decaying nucleus.
The functions $F(Z,E_i)$ are defined in Appendix \ref{Phase} and take into account the fact that the emitted electrons feel the Coulomb potential of the daughter nucleus and are therefore not plane waves.
Using the decomposition of the amplitude in Eq.\ \eqref{eq:TotAmp} to separate the different leptonic structures, we obtain the final expression
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eq:T1/2}
\left(T^{0\nu}_{1/2}\right)^{-1} &=& g_A^4 \bigg\{ G_{01} \, \left( |\mathcal A_{\nu}|^{2} + |\mathcal A_{R}|^{2} \right)
- 2 (G_{01} - G_{04}) \textrm{Re} \mathcal A_{\nu}^* \mathcal A_{R}
+ 4G_{02} \,|\mathcal A_{E}|^{2} \nonumber \\ & & + 2 G_{04} \left[|\mathcal A_{m_e}|^{2}+{\rm Re} \left(\mathcal A_{m_e}^* (\mathcal A_{\nu} + \mathcal A_{R})\right)\right]
-2 G_{03}\,{\rm Re}\left[ (\mathcal A_{\nu} + \mathcal A_{R} )\mathcal A_{E}^*+2\mathcal A_{m_e} \mathcal A_{E}^*\right]
\nonumber\\
&&+ G_{09}\, |\mathcal A_{M}|^{2} + G_{06}\, {\rm Re}\left[ (\mathcal A_{\nu} - \mathcal A_{R} )\mathcal A_{M}^*\right] \bigg\}\,.
\end{eqnarray}
This `Master-formula' describes the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay rate up to \textoverline{dim-9} operators in the SM-EFT.
It includes all contributions from the low-energy $\Delta L=2$ operators in Eq.~\eqref{LagDeltaL2} and takes into account all interference terms. It should provide a useful tool to constrain any model of high-scale LNV,
using the most up-to-date hadronic and nuclear input.
A differential version of Eq.~\eqref{eq:T1/2} is given in Appendix \ref{Phase}.
The various components in Eq.~\eqref{eq:T1/2} can be obtained as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item $G_{0i}$ are phase space factors defined in Appendix~\ref{Phase} and their numerical values are given in Table~\ref{Tab:phasespace}.
\item The five sub-amplitudes ${\mathcal A}_\alpha$ ($\alpha \in \{ \nu,R,E,m_e,M \}$) corresponding to different leptonic bilinears are decomposed
in Eq.~\eqref{MSM1} in terms of contributions from LNV operators of different dimension, generically denoted as ${\mathcal M}_{\alpha}^{(d)}$ with $d=3,6,9$.
\item Expressions for ${\mathcal M}_{\alpha}^{(d)}$ can be found in Eqs.~\eqref{MSMstandard}-\eqref{eq:vectorNMEs}.
Each ${\mathcal M}_{\alpha}^{(d)}$ is given by a linear combination of terms that are products of:
(i) short-distance Wilson coefficients, which depend on the underlying LNV model;
(ii) hadronic LECs, whose current knowledge is summarized in Tab.~\ref{Tab:LECs};
(iii) nuclear matrix elements defined in Appendix~\ref{NME}, whose numerical values from different many-body methods can be found in Tab.~\ref{tab:comparison}.
\item
Several hadronic LECs are at the moment unknown. An assessment of the ensuing theoretical uncertainty can
be obtained by varying the LECs in a range around the values of Table \ref{Tab:LECs}. We stress that for all the operators in Eqs.\ \eqref{lowenergy6}, \eqref{lowenergy7}, and \eqref{eq:Lag}, with the exception of $O^{\mu (\prime)}_{6,\ldots,9}$, the long-range component of the amplitude is reliably known, providing a solid estimate of the order of magnitude of the contribution of each operator.
The unknown LECs should affect such estimates by $\mathcal O(1)$ factors, but should not change the order of magnitude.
\end{itemize}
On a more technical note, it should be stressed that the decay-rate formula is expressed in terms of the Wilson coefficients at a low-energy scale $\mu \simeq 2$ GeV. In order to match the formula to specific BSM theories, some additional steps are required. At the high-energy scale $\Lambda$ where any beyond-the-SM fields are integrated out, we need to perform a matching calculation to gauge-invariant \textoverline{dim-5}, \textoverline{dim-7}, and \textoverline{dim-9} operators. The resulting operators need to be evolved down to the electroweak scale where they are matched to the operators in Eq.~\eqref{LagDeltaL2}. This procedure was completed in Ref.~\cite{Cirigliano:2017djv} for the \textoverline{dim-7} operators, and below we study it for a particular BSM model where also relevant \textoverline{dim-9} operators are induced. Finally, the low-energy EFT operators are evolved to the low-energy scale using the RGEs in Eqs.~\eqref{RGE6}-\eqref{RGE9vector}. The numerical factors of the last step are given in Appendix~\ref{App:RG}.
All the steps leading from a generic LNV Lagrangian at scale $\Lambda$ to Eq.~\eqref{eq:T1/2} are illustrated in Fig.~\ref{landscape}.
\begin{table}
\center
\begin{tabular}{|c|cccc|}
\hline
\hline
\cite{Horoi:2017gmj} & $^{76}$Ge & $^{82}$Se & $^{130}$Te & $^{136}$Xe \\
\hline
$G_{01}$ & 0.22 & 1. & 1.4 & 1.5 \\
$G_{02}$ & 0.35 & 3.2 & 3.2 & 3.2 \\
$G_{03}$ & 0.12 & 0.65 & 0.85 & 0.86 \\
$G_{04}$ & 0.19 & 0.86 & 1.1 & 1.2 \\
$G_{06}$ & 0.33 & 1.1 & 1.7 & 1.8 \\
$G_{09}$ & 0.48 & 2. & 2.8 & 2.8 \\\hline
\hline
$Q/{\rm MeV} $ \cite{Stoica:2013lka} & 2.04& 3.0&2.5 & 2.5 \\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Phase space factors in units of $10^{-14}$ yr$^{-1}$ taken from Ref.~\cite{Horoi:2017gmj}. More details are given in Appendix \ref{Phase}. The last row shows the $Q$ values for the different isotopes, where $Q = M_i - M_f -2m_e$.}
\label{Tab:phasespace}
\end{table}
\section{Single-coupling constraints }\label{single}
We now investigate the constraints from $0\nu\beta\beta$ limits on the low-energy $\Delta L=2$ operators in Eq.~\eqref{LagDeltaL2}.
In particular, we apply the experimental limits \cite{Agostini:2018tnm,KamLAND-Zen:2016pfg,Alduino:2017ehq} (all at $90\%$ c.l.)
\begin{equation}
T^{0\nu}_{1/2}({}^{76}\mathrm{Ge}) > 8\cdot10^{25}\,\mathrm{yr}\,, \qquad T^{0\nu}_{1/2}({}^{130}\mathrm{Te}) > 1.5\cdot10^{25}\,\mathrm{yr}\,,\qquad T^{0\nu}_{1/2}({}^{136}\mathrm{Xe}) > 1.1\cdot10^{26}\,\mathrm{yr}\, .
\end{equation}
For operators of dimension six and higher, we interpret the limit as a lower bound on the scale of new $\Delta L=2$ physics, $\Lambda$. The operators in the left column of Table~\ref{tab:limits} can be induced by \textoverline{dim-7} operators and we assume $C^{(d)}_i(\mu) =( v/\Lambda^{(d)}_i)^3$. The operators in the right column can only be induced by \textoverline{dim-9} operators and here we assume $C^{(d)}_i(\mu) = (v/\Lambda^{(d)}_i)^5$. As such, the probed scale in the left column is typically significantly higher, $\mathcal O(100\,\mathrm{TeV})$, than in the right column, $\mathcal O(5\,\mathrm{TeV})$. However, in cases where the \textoverline{dim-7} operators predominantly induce dim-7 operators, the additional suppression of $\epsilon_\chi^2 \Lambda_\chi/v$ in Table~\ref{TabPC} makes the probed scale much lower and comparable to that in the right column.
We give the bounds in two cases. The top panel of Table \ref{tab:limits} shows the limits obtained assuming that only one operator is active at the scale $\mu = 2$ GeV.
To highlight the impact of the QCD evolution, in the lower panel of Table \ref{tab:limits} we show the limits in the assumption that the operators are turned on at $\mu = m_W = 80.4$ GeV.
We can see that the QCD running gives $\mathcal O(1)$ corrections to the bounds. We thus find that the RGEs have a far milder effect than the $\mathcal O(10^3)$ effects that were found for some operators in Ref.\ \cite{Gonzalez:2015ady}. The origin of this discrepancy is discussed in more detail in Appendix \ref{comparison-to-lit}.
In order to set these limits we had to make several assumptions.
Firstly, we used the NMEs from Ref.~\cite{Menendez:2017fdf}. Results from other groups and many-body methods
roughly differ by factor of 2 to 3, depending on the NME under consideration. In particular, for the light Majorana-neutrino exchange the relevant NME is $\mathcal M_\nu^{(3)}$ which differs by roughly a factor 2 between Refs.~\cite{Hyvarinen:2015bda,Menendez:2017fdf,Barea:2015kwa,Horoi:2017gmj} and this impacts the limit on $m_{\beta\beta}$ by the same amount. For the operators that scale as $ v^3/\Lambda^3$ or $v^5/\Lambda^5$ the NME uncertainties give an uncertainty on $\Lambda$ of roughly a factor $3^{1/3}\simeq 1.5$ and $3^{1/5}\simeq1.25$, respectively.
The remaining uncertainty arises from the size of the LECs, in particular those associated with the $\Delta L=2$ pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon couplings. For the light | |
dominionism the old one (Traditional Christian orthodoxy) must be "damaged irreparably" by whatever process works most thoroughly and efficiently. The resulting new worldview is then claimed to be more biblical than the previous one.
"Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ." (Colossians 2:8)
spoil 1. to damage or injure in such a way as to make useless, valueless, etc.; destroy. vi 1. a) to strip (a person) of goods, money, etc. by force b) to rob; pillage; plunder. (Webster's)
Reconstructing the Nations
"It has become popular in Christian circles to discuss the "Christian Worldview." However, without Biblical law all worldviews end up in some form of moral relativism. We are not called to merely 'influence' our world but reconstruct it with the tool of dominion — Biblical law. Come discover the work of reconstruction." (Promotion for Chalcedon 2006 Spring Conference, "The Work of Reconstruction," http://www.chalcedon.edu/events/index.php) [emphasis in original]
The concept of WORLDVIEW training is interconnected with the Marketplace Transformation movement. Why? Because ministry is being mixed with business in unorthodox new ways that have never been done before. A new global ethic is emerging in which the "ends justify the means" in building this "kingdom" on Earth. In traditional Christian thinking, these new partnerships would raise serious ethical concerns. Therefore, emergent dominionism requires indoctrinating Christians in a new global ethic -- a new worldview.
Marketplace transformation is described as a way to transform entire cultures and nations through dominionism. The end result is a promised utopia on earth. This promised utopia is a key selling point to assist in marketing the concept of reconstructing nations:
"Then our culture will begin to be transformed into more of a godly culture. Christian organizations will dominate the media and influence society with its uncompromising and non-neutral interpretation of our current culture. Godly groups, who are supported by Christian companies, will also change other areas, such as the arts. Local and devout churches will have more money to fund their ministries; therefore, the knowledge of the Lord will continue to grow. Other godly organizations such as the Chalcedon Foundation will have more funds to spend on righteous purposes than the wicked organizations will have to spend on their evil causes. More upright people will be running for office with the help of these Christian businesses; therefore, evil will be restrained more and more. The civil magistrate will constantly be pressured by Christian companies and God-fearing media to restrain evil. Their effective lobbying will lead to the removal of evil laws and addition of biblical laws. New Christian business publications and books will dominate the business culture. New explicit biblical colleges and universities will be rampant through our land with lots of students. They will raise the educational standards, and other schools will have to eventually shutdown or conform to God's biblical standards for education. . . .
"These events, however, will only be a glimpse of God's kingdom as it grows like the mustard seed. Then the Christians will be a bright, shining light to the world. Pagan societies, such as our current one, will come to know God and people will repent of their sins. Nations will submit to Christ's rule and be His disciples (Ps. 72:11). (Reformation in Business," N.C. Kuyper, Business Reform, 1/1/01, http://tinyurl.com/ru4uy) [emphasis added]
Obviously, this form of "marketplace dominion" can influence the political governing structures of nations -- particularly Third World countries. An investment of capital can alter a fragile country's economics and change governments. And, when combined with the interlocking financial and political clout of the United Nations, non-governmental organizations, charities, ministries and multinational corporations -- as Rick Warren is doing in the small country of Rwanda in Africa -- a small country can be made to submit to the decrees and demands of dominionism. This may explain why the marketplace transformation "apostles" call marketplace transformation the "convergence." And it may explain their exultant utopianism.
"For they got not the land in possession by their own sword, neither did their own arm save them: but thy right hand, and thine arm, and the light of thy countenance, because thou hadst a favour unto them." (Psalm 44:3)
Nation or Nations?
"[M]any of today's Christian businessmen continue to say that the Word of God does not speak on how to explicitly run a business. They say, 'The Word of God calls us to preach the gospel, not to take dominion. Don't you know that the world is going to get worse and worse, then Christ will come to rescue us?' If we want godly businesses to take dominion, we must help churches correct these doctrines. . . .
"These will be people who have a biblical view of wealth and know how to use it, and who are faithful with the resources God has given them, providing a good inheritance for the coming generations. These will be people who are the best at running businesses in our culture, people like Joseph and Daniel, who were raised-up by God to positions of dominion because they did all things well. These will be people who will destroy every speculation and lofty thing that is raised up against the knowledge of God, and will take every thought captive to Christ (2 Cor. 10:5). These people will no longer conceal, but proclaim and set the standard in pagan cultures, as Jeremiah did in the land of the Chaldeans (Jer. 50:2). They will begin to lead our business culture in conforming to the standards of God.
"Then one day our society will be dominated by godly businesses."
(N.C. Kuyper, "Reformation in Business," 1/1/01, Business Reform, http://tinyurl.com/ru4uy) [emphases added]
"We have promoted vigorously what has been seen as a 'radical' Christian worldview that brings Christ's life-giving blessings to all spheres of human life and culture. In each phase of our journey and growth, God's plan and use for our ministry has become clearer and clearer. Strategic Christian Services is called to serve and train God's people as they seek to fulfill the dominion mandate of Genesis 1:26-28 and Matthew 28:18-20. That mandate calls upon all believers as disciples, to fill the earth with God's love, wisdom, and truth as ambassadors of Christ's Kingdom." (Dennis Peacocke, "The Journey" promotional brochure, http://tinyurl.com/rc8dx) [emphasis added]
Dominionism always appeals to a higher cause -- an ideology that sounds so good. Dennis Peacocke begins his "Discipling Our Nation" seminars with an appeal to patriotic dominionism. But he quickly shifts gears in his program to a "discipling our nations" seminar -- with an emphasis on the plural "nations." The agenda to restore a Christian America, which appeals to many patriotic Christians and brings them to his conferences, turns into an international kingdom-building "mandate." Peacocke is adept at this bait and switch. The goal to restore America to a moral country, suddenly switches gears to a "dominion mandate" to transform the nations of the world, sphere by sphere, culture by culture, nation by nation -- until an international order is built.
As Herescope mentioned in Monday's post (4/10/06), Dennis Peacocke has uniquely positioned himself the past twenty years as a bridge between the charismatic and the patriotic dominionists. He is a high level "apostle" in C. Peter Wagner's New Apostolic Reformation, listed among the members of the International Coalition of Apostles. And he has always been a respected member of the Reconstructionist camp, as a leader of the Coalition on Revival. As a salesman, he has slickly wrapped his ministries in a style that encompassed both dominionist camps so that each felt that he was part of their own.
The history of his various ministries is described in the promotional brochure cited in the quote above. Peacocke is connected with Business Reform | |
SailPoint Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2019 Financial Results
Fourth quarter and full year 2019 total revenue of $89.0 million and $288.5 million, up 10% and 16% year-over-year, respectively
Fourth quarter and full year 2019 subscription revenue of $40.5 million and $143.4 million, up 37% and 38% year-over-year, respectively
AUSTIN, February 24, 2020 – SailPoint Technologies Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: SAIL), the leader in enterprise identity governance, today announced financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2019.
"SailPoint finished 2019 with a strong fourth quarter, exceeding our revenue expectations, driven by customers' growing recognition that they need a modern identity governance solution, like the SailPoint Predictive Identity platform, that simplifies governance of on-premise and cloud applications," said Mark McClain, SailPoint CEO and Co-founder.
"In 2020, we are accelerating the pace of innovation in the identity governance market with Predictive Identity, making SailPoint the most powerful and intuitive approach to IGA for enterprise customers. And we are very excited about the new cloud governance capabilities that we are bringing to market this quarter, delivering critical new capabilities to both new and existing SailPoint customers."
Financial Highlights for Fourth Quarter 2019:
Revenue: Total revenue was $89.0 million, a 10% increase over Q4 2018. Subscription revenue was $40.5 million, a 37% increase over Q4 2018. License revenue was $38.0 million, a 6% decrease from Q4 2018. Services and other revenue was $10.6 million, consistent with Q4 2018.
Operating Income: Income from operations was $6.0 million compared to $11.2 million in Q4 2018.Non-GAAP income from operations was $15.2 million compared to $18.4 million in Q4 2018.
Net Income: Net income was $5.4 million compared to $5.1 million in Q4 2018.Net income available to common stockholders per diluted share was $0.06, consistent with Q4 2018. Non-GAAP net income was $13.3 million compared to $13.4 million in Q4 2018.Non-GAAP net income per diluted share was $0.15, consistent with Q4 2018.
Financial Highlights for Full Year 2019:
Revenue: Total revenue was $288.5 million, a 16% increase year-over-year. Subscription revenue was $143.4 million, a 38% increase year-over-year. License revenue was $102.8 million, a 2% decrease year-over-year. Services and other revenue was $42.3 million, a 6% increase year-over-year.
Operating Income (Loss): Loss from operations was $9.4 million compared to income from operations of $10.9 million in 2018.Non-GAAP income from operations was $23.2 million, compared to $38.9 million in 2018.
Net Income (Loss): Net loss was $8.5 million compared to net income of $3.7 million in 2018.Net loss available to common stockholders per diluted share was $0.10 compared to net income available to common stockholders per diluted share of $0.04 in 2018. Non-GAAP net income was $18.5 million compared to $26.6 million in 2018.Non-GAAP net income per diluted share was $0.20 compared to $0.30 in 2018.
The tables included in this press release present a reconciliation of non-GAAP income from operations to GAAP income (loss) from operations, non-GAAP net income to GAAP net income (loss) and non-GAAP to GAAP weighted average outstanding common shares for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. An explanation of these measures is also included below under the heading « Non-GAAP Financial Measures. »
Financial Outlook:
"We saw strong sales momentum in the fourth quarter, with SaaS bookings coming in ahead of our expectations," said Jason Ream, SailPoint CFO. "Based on the market demand that we are seeing, our expectation is that the shift in our business towards SaaS, which has been underway for several years, will accelerate in 2020."
For the first quarter of 2020, SailPoint expects:
Revenue in the range of $71.0 million to $72.0 million
Non-GAAP loss from operations in the range of $4.5 million to $3.5 million
Non-GAAP net loss per basic and diluted common share in the range of $0.03 to $0.02, based on estimated non-GAAP income tax benefit of $0.6 million and 90.0 million basic and diluted common shares outstanding. Expectations of non-GAAP loss from operations and non-GAAP net loss per basic and diluted common share exclude items outlined in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section below.
For the full year 2020, SailPoint expects:
Revenue in the range of $320.0 million to $325.0 million
Breakeven non-GAAP income (loss) from operations
Non-GAAP net income per diluted common share in the range of $0.02 to $0.03, based on estimated non-GAAP income tax expense of $1.0 million and 93.0 million diluted common shares outstanding. Expectations of non-GAAP income from operations and non-GAAP net income per basic and diluted common share exclude items outlined in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section below.
These statements regarding SailPoint's expectations of its financial outlook are forward-looking and actual results may differ materially. Refer to "Forward-Looking Statements" below for information on the factors that could cause its actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements.
All of SailPoint's forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures exclude estimates for stock-based compensation expense and amortization of acquired intangibles as well as acquisition related costs and severance of certain key executives, if applicable. SailPoint has not reconciled its expectations as to non-GAAP income (loss) from operations and non-GAAP net income (loss) per basic and diluted common shares to their most directly comparable GAAP measure due to the high variability and difficulty in making accurate forecasts and projections, particularly with respect to stock-based compensation expense. Stock-based compensation expense is affected by future hiring, turnover, and retention needs, as well as the future fair market value of our common stock, all of which are difficult to predict and subject to change. The actual amount of the excluded stock-based compensation expense will have a significant impact on SailPoint's GAAP income (loss) from operations and GAAP net income (loss) per basic and diluted common share. Accordingly, reconciliations of our forward-looking non-GAAP income (loss) from operations and non-GAAP net income (loss) per basic and diluted common shares are not available without unreasonable effort.
Conference Call and Webcast:
SailPoint will host a conference call today, February 24, 2020, at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time to discuss its fourth quarter and full year 2019 financial results. The dial-in number will be 877-407-0792 or 201-689-8263. Additionally, a live webcast of the conference call will be available on SailPoint's website at https://investors.sailpoint.com.
Following the conference call, a replay will be available until midnight on March 9, 2020. The replay dial-in number will be 844-512-2921 or 412-317-6671, using the replay pin number: 13697814. An archived webcast of the call will also be available at https://investors.sailpoint.com.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures:
In addition to SailPoint's financial information presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"), this press release includes certain non-GAAP financial measures to clarify and enhance investors' understanding of SailPoint's past performance and future prospects. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company's operating performance, financial position or cash flow that includes or excludes amounts that are included or excluded from the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. SailPoint's management believes the non-GAAP financial measures described below are helpful to investors because they provide an additional tool to use in evaluating SailPoint's financial and business trends and operating results and because they facilitate comparisons of SailPoint's core operating results from period to period. In addition, SailPoint's management uses non-GAAP income (loss) from operations for budgeting and planning purposes, including with respect to its corporate bonus plan.
Our non-GAAP financial measures are adjusted for the following factors:
Stock-based compensation expense. We exclude stock-based compensation expense because of varying available valuation methodologies, the use of assumptions and the variety of equity instruments that can impact our non-cash expense. We believe that providing non-GAAP financial measures that exclude stock-based compensation expense allows for more meaningful comparisons between our operating results from period to period.
Amortization of acquired intangible assets. We believe that excluding the impact of amortization of acquired intangible assets allows for more meaningful | |
May 2015 with a call to proceed with complete disarmament in a global, legally binding form.
The meeting resulted in a vehicle for nations to "sign on" to the Austrian Pledge. This document calls on parties to the NPT to renew their commitments under that treaty and to close any gaps that undermines prohibition and elimination of nuclear weapons.
The Austrian Pledge contains this remarkable provision: "Austria calls on all nuclear weapons possessor states to take concrete interim measures to reduce the risk of nuclear weapon detonations, including reducing the operational status of nuclear weapons and moving nuclear weapons away from deployment into storage, diminishing the role of nuclear weapons in military doctrines and rapid reductions of all types of nuclear weapons ..."
This provision was all the more remarkable since, for the first time, nuclear weapons states were present: the US and Britain, both of which made statements to the assembly confirming that they were not listening.
Invited to speak during the session on the Medical Consequences of Using Nuclear Weapons, I originally declined since my work has focused on energy and the environment, not the military side of nuclear. The invite was made more precise by Ambassador Alexander Kmentt: please speak on the disproportionate impact of radiation on girls and women. Such a direct invitation offered an opportunity to share information that is under-reported.
The fact that atomic bombs were dropped on two cities in Japan almost 80 years ago is no longer being widely taught. Most people don't know that a long-term study was initiated by the US to count the cancers in the survivors. Among those who were under five years old in 1945, for every boy who got cancer at some point in their lives, two girls got cancer.
The room was full of people, including Hibakusha from Japan, survivors from the US tests in the Marshall Islands, from the British tests in Australia, and from Utah (downwind of the Nevada Test Site). It was a great place to share this information.
Information on Atomic Radiation and Harm to Women is posted at:
www.nirs.org/radiation/radhealth/radhealthhome.htm
− Mary Olson, Nuclear Information and Resource Service (US)
Sweden: Regulator calls for hike in nuclear waste fees
The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) has recommended yet another increase in the per kWh-fee on nuclear power to cover predicted costs of decommissioning reactors and the processing and storage of nuclear waste. The proposal raises the fee from an average SEK 0.022/kWh to around 0.040/kWh (US 0.5 c/kWh).
Swedish law requires the industry-owned nuclear waste management company SKB to submit an estimate of projected costs to SSM at three-year intervals. After examining the estimate and consulting other sources, SSM submits its recommendation to the government, which then sets the fee for the next period, in this case 2015−2017.
Over the past couple of terms, SSM's estimates have differed substantially from those of the industry's nuclear waste company. This time, SSM finds that SKB's estimate is short by at least SEK 11 billion (US$1.44, €1.16b). SSM bases its conclusion on a study commissioned from the National Institute of Economic Research (a state body). The conclusion is also seconded by the National Council for Nuclear Waste, an academic reference group, and the National Debt Office, whose comments call for greater transparency as to how SKB arrived at its estimates.
Principal differences concern the estimated future cost of goods and services relating to decommissioning and waste storage, and the cost of necessary reinvestments in existing waste management facilities. SSM states that SKB underestimates cost rises by as much as 12%. Sagging financial returns accruing to the Nuclear Waste Fund – a consequence of the broader economic downturn – also contribute to the gap.
Another discrepancy is that SKB bases its calculations on reactor lifetimes of 50-60 years, yet the Financing Ordinance stipulates that a lifetime of 40 years be used. The advantage from the industry's point of view is obvious: positing a 20−50% longer period of production raises the total sum deposited into the Waste Fund, thereby permitting a lower fee.
The law provides that SSM may, "should circumstances so demand," reject the industry's prognosis and fix an interim fee until satisfactory estimates are on the table. SSM is doing just that. The current recommendation will be for 2015 only, and SKB has been instructed to produce a revised estimate within the next few months.
Shortly after the general election in September 2014, the new government stated as an overall principle that nuclear energy should cover a greater share of its costs to society – which suggests that SSM's proposals would be favourably received.
But there is a catch. The government – a minority coalition – failed to gain parliamentary approval of its budget in December and has announced new elections for March 2015. A change of government before the proposal can be considered is likely, and no one can say what the political constellation after the elections will be.
− Charly Hultén / WISE Sweden
Greenland: Pro-uranium coalition forms government
The Inuit Ataqatigiit party was expected to win Greenland's November 28 election, after which it would call a referendum on the controversial issue of uranium mining.
However the pro-uranium Siumut party narrowly won the most votes and has formed a coalition with two other pro-uranium parties − Atassut and Demokraatic. The three parties hold a combined 17 seats in the new parliament while two anti-uranium parties − Inuit Ataqatigiit and Partii Naleraq − hold 14 seats.
Just before the election, a poll showed that 71% of Greenlanders want a national referendum on whether to reinstate the uranium ban. Inuit Ataqatigiit and Partii Naleraq had called for a referendum.
Before the election, former Prime Minister Aleqa Hammond announced in Parliament that if a mining permit was issued to the Australian mining company Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd. for the Kvanefjeld uranium / rare earths project, a referendum on the project would be held in southern Greenland. That promise might still be kept ... or it might not.
The only uranium project that might be developed in the foreseeable future is the Kvanefjeld project. A feasibility study is due for completion in 2015. It could take 2−3 years before environmental assessment processes are complete.
US blocks international nuclear safety initiatives
The US was exposed at an international meeting of parties to the Convention on Nuclear Safety on December 4.1 A European proposal would have led to greater efforts to prevent accidents and, should they occur, mitigate the effects of radioactive contamination. The proposal would likely have forced upgrades at existing plants.
Russia scaled back its opposition to European proposals, leaving the US as the main dissenter. Russia was prepared to endorse some of the European proposals though it balked at accepting proposals that would require retrofits of old reactors.
Defending their indefensible position, US diplomats said their opposition to the European initiative was driven by concern that an attempt to amend the convention could weaken it, because some governments would be slow to ratify changes.
Former US Nuclear Regulatory Commission member Victor Gilinsky told Bloomberg: "People in the U.S. don't realize that in many ways our nuclear safety standards lag behind those in Europe. The German and French containment structures are generally more formidable than ours and those reactors generally have more protection systems."1
Created in response to the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the Convention on Nuclear Safety has struggled to improve safety standards. The group's secrecy has often undermined its objectives. A former French envoy, Jean-Pierre Clausner, said that the opacity of the organisation was "shocking" according to documents obtained under a Freedom of Information request.2
1. www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-10/russian-concessions-on-nuclear-safety-...
http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/575834/20141213/u-s-convention-nuclear-sa...
2. www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-01/russia-u-s-face-off-against-europe-on-...
South Africa and Russia: 'Pay More for Nuclear' reports
Earthlife Africa has commissioned and released four significant reports in the second half of 2014 in a series titled 'Pay More for Nuclear'. The first report is titled 'Nuclear Technology Options for | |
13-Day Itineraries
Cyclades & Peloponnese Culinary Heritage - 13 Days
The best way to show love is through food, so let Greece show you how much it loves you with this 13-day culinary itinerary. Whether it's with fresh goat cheese, Agiorgitiko wine, or olives, you'll be wooed by hands-on sampling tours, cooking classes, and at-home meals from Athens through the Cycladic islands.
Tour a working Peloponnese olive grove
Sample the native varietals of Nemea's wineries
Learn to cook Cycladic cuisine on Tinos
Hike through island history on Naxos and Mykonos
Brief Itinerary
Day 1 Arrive in Athens, Welcome Dinner Athens
Day 2 Shepherd for a Day, Travel to Nafplio Nafplio
Day 3 Nemea Winery Exploration Nafplio
Day 4 Olive Experience Nafplio
Day 5 Ferry to Tinos Tinos
Day 6 Tinian Culinary Workshop Tinos
Day 7 Ferry to Mykonos, Farm Visit and Mykonian Dinner Mykonos
Day 8 Explore Authentic Mykonos Mykonos
Day 9 Ferry to Naxos Naxos
Day 10 Naxos Food and Castle Tour Naxos
Day 11 Explore Apiranthos Village Naxos
Day 12 Return to Athens, Cooking Class Athens
Day 13 Depart Athens
Day 1: Arrive in Athens, Welcome Dinner
Monastiraki Square and the Acropolis
Welcome to Greece! You'll begin your trip in Athens, home to both the iconic Acropolis and so much more. The mythology of this spectacular city precedes it, with towering temples to Classical deities and the ruins of ancient marketplaces rubbing shoulders with lively nightlife, crowded flea markets, and contemporary cuisine. Make the most of your time in the city at some of these spots:
Check out the views of the can't-miss Parthenon. (Pro tip: The Parthenon is the temple, the Acropolis is the hill.) This temple to Athena has enchanted visitors since its construction was completed in 438 BC. It's probably the first thing that comes to your mind when you think of ancient Greece and is visible from many of the city's high points.
Stop at the sprawling National Museum for a crash course in ancient iconography. Be sure to seek out the room housing the Antikythera mechanism, essentially an ancient astronomical computer.
Visit a smaller archaeological site at the Tower of the Winds, then stroll down neighboring pedestrian Aiolou Street to stop at shops and cafes.
Find your perfect souvenir or sun hat in the busy stalls of the Monastiraki flea market.
In the evening, you'll sit down to enjoy either a welcome dinner with views of the Acropolis or wine tasting in a bar in downtown Athens.
Day 2: Shepherd for a Day, Travel to Nafplio
Your new tour guide
Get a taste of a simpler life when you become a shepherd for the day on this guided experience. You'll head back into the countryside to visit a local farm, stopping at some area highlights on the way. Once you arrive at the farm, you'll meet both its owners and its more diminutive residents. You'll get to experience aspects of life around the farm, milk the goats and sheep, and even try to play the shepherd's flute.
Chat with the owners over coffee and dessert about what you've learned. You'll finish with a tour of the nearby area, where you'll learn about Greek herbs and other plants and animals.
You'll go on to Nafplio, one of the prettiest seaport towns in the Peloponnese peninsula and once believed to have been founded by the son of Poseidon. The town was the first capital of the new Greek state after the war of independence in the 1800s. Take a stroll through the old town, where you'll pass statues honoring significant figures from Nafplio's history, Ottoman fountains, and Venetian architecture along the winding streets, topped off by the Bourtzi Castle in the middle of the harbor.
Later, don't miss the climb up 1,000 steps to see the view from the Palamidi Castle. Spend a relaxing evening wandering the quiet streets or walking along the waterfront.
Day 3: Nemea Winery Exploration
Fruit of the vines
Spend your day among the wineries of Nemea, one of the country's most important wine-producing areas. They're especially known for their Agiorgitiko wine, believed to have been first grown from a vine brought by the god Dionysus. These grapes, which are similar to Merlot, are considered to be one of the finest Greek red varietals and have grown in the region for thousands of years—possibly since the 4th century BC. The ancient red wine called Fliasion was also believed to be produced in this area.
You'll visit three wineries to observe the wine-making process and stroll through the vineyards. And, of course, sample the varietals along the way, along with a lunch of local cuisine with wine pairings at one of the stops.
If you find yourself fondly remembering any particular bottles later that you wish you'd purchased, the local cooperative also operates an outlet where many of the wines are available.
Day 4: Olive Experience
A favorite in all seasons
Greece has been enjoying the benefits of olive oil for centuries, and now you can take part in this culinary tradition. You'll begin after breakfast with a drive out to a rural village roughly 5 miles (8 km) outside of Nafplio. Visit the local owners to see how the olive oil-making process works and learn about its steps, as well as meet some of the farm's other inhabitants with a sheep-milking session.
Next, visit the groves themselves, enjoying a picnic experience underneath the shade of the trees and lunch in a family taverna. If you arrive in the harvest season, your experience will even include picking olives in the orchard alongside the workers.
Head back to town in the late afternoon, where you'll have a new appreciation for your dinner's ingredients. Top it off by buying a bottle of wine in a local shop to take home. You're in one of the most notable wine areas of Greece, after all. Look for an Agiortiko or another native grape varietal.
Day 5: Ferry to Tinos
Panagia Evangelistria church
Take an early ferry to Tinos, one of the most overlooked islands of the Cyclades. Tinos has remained under the radar for many years, overshadowed by its celebrity neighbor of Mykonos and seen mainly as a religious destination. Those who continue to believe that, however, are missing out on an island with fascinating history and culture, winding streets, great outdoor activities, and glittering beaches.
The imposing Panagia Evangelistria should not be overlooked, as Tinos is also known as the island of the Virgin Mary. Its icon is believed to have healing powers, and the annual August pilgrimage is a key part of the island's identity as churchgoers crawl on their knees toward the temple as a sign of piety.
If pilgrimage isn't quite your scene, there are also nearly 80 windmills to be explored, Venetian ruins, hiking at Exomvourgo mountain, and beaches for any moods. Try the island's craft beer from Nissos brewery or sample the cheeses at the shop belonging to the Cheese Cooperative of Tinos. Keep an eye out for the many painted dovecotes around the island as well, small white pigeon homes dotting the countryside of which there are nearly 1,000.
Day 6: Tinian Culinary Workshop
Visit an aromatic garden and harvest fresh ingredients as part of this culinary experience. You'll learn the stories of some Greek recipes, then cook them yourself with expert instruction. Enjoy the fruits of your labor al fresco, as you consume your creations under the trees and arched alleyways accompanied with local wines and the scent of the herb garden.
Spend your evening in the main Tinos town and take advantage of the many cafes and tavernas along the seaside or in the interior. Complete your island culinary education with louza, a cured pork that's been refined by Tinians over years of practice, and rich volaki cheese balls and kariki cheese aged within pumpkin skins, similar to a stilton or roquefort. See if the menus offer fourtalia, a fresh Cycladic dish similar to an omelette made with fresh | |
David Wakeham
Quantum computing educator
Blog Research Outreach Fun About
Solipsism and emergent time
July 8, 2020. Why can we remember the past but not the future? And why do objects persist? I discuss how folk metaphysics draws attention to genuine puzzles about the nature of time, and outline some desiderata for a physical explanation.
Brain states and metaphysics
In a previous post, I discussed presentism, the view that only the present exists. I argued that, though compelling at the level of folk psychology, presentism is ultimately unable to explain change, and our sense data are telling us about brain states rather than metaphysics. But perhaps this is a bit too quick. Our brain states might tell us something deep about the universe after all! In particular, it seems odd that we can remember the past but not the future. As Terry Pratchett puts it in Reaper Man:
Alone of all the creatures in the world, trolls believe that all living things go through Time backwards. 'If the past is visible and the future is hidden,' they say, 'then it means you must be facing the wrong way.'
Why do we face the wrong way?
At the level of folk epistemology, being lodged in the present moment gives rise to presentism, and being "uninfluenced" by future events gives rise to the doctrine of free will. At a less folky level, it explains the appeal of "growing block" ontologies for spacetime, where the future does not yet exist. I think none of these conclusions is licensed by the properties of our brain states. But being lodged in the present seems like a trivially explicable thing, while our inability to remember the future is not. This is related to an even deeper puzzle, namely that objects persist, which we will elaborate below.
Temporal solipsism
Let's pause for a moment and untangle a common thread winding through these ideas. Presentism, free will, and growing blocks all represent a type of solipsism. A solipsist proper treats the fact that they cannot experience other minds as conclusive evidence that other minds do not exist. A presentist treats the fact that they only experience the present moment as evidence only this moment exists. Similarly, an enthusiast of growing blocks or free will imagines that future events (or future decisions) do not exist since they have yet to encounter (or make) them. To be sure, a blocker is more liberal than a presentist, since they believe in the past, but this is like a "friendly" solipsist who believes only in the existence of the people they have met.
Solipsism would not be crazy if you were the only sentient being in a world of amoebae, since you would not need a theory of mind to explain their behaviour. But in a world of beings whose behavioural complexity matches your own, mental states you cannot access remain the best explanation for the behaviour of others. Solipsists may be good Cartesians, retaining only those ontological commitments that cannot be spoofed by a malicious Cartesian demon, but they are terrible scientists. They can explain nothing! I think the appeal of solipsism is not that it is explanatory, but that it survives the scorched-earth epistemic program of Cartesian doubt.
Temporally speaking, we do not live in a universe of amoebae. We live in a spacetime continuum where different temporal slices richly obey the same laws of physics, namely, Einstein's general relativity, at least at large enough scales. As with human behaviour, these slices look the same from the outside. A paranoid Cartesian might say: things look different from in here, so they are different out there. A realist replies: they look the same from the outside, and the best explanation is that they look the same from the inside too. But like certain jokes, to see the inside, I guess you need to be there.
Thisness and thatness
Let's return to our original question, namely, to what extent brain states license metaphysical conclusions. Solipsists and presentists notice that there is a quiddity, a thisness, to being in a mind and being in a moment. But from "thisness", they leap to the remarkable inference that "thatness" is the same as non-existence! A growing blocker or free willer is, I think, fundamentally making the same inference, but they are prepared to let existence spread like a contaminant from present effects to their causes.
To me, these conclusions make no sense, and are almost deliberately non-explanatory. But the fact there is a "thisness" at all is unavoidable. For instance, the quiddity of having a mind is the experience of mental sensations, also called qualia. I don't think it's plausible to deny qualia, though efforts to explain them away, or comfortably ensconce them in a physicalist framework, are heroic and often amusing. I would be very surprised if someone could one day extract my subjective experience of the colour red from the standard model Lagrangian, but good luck to them all the same.
In the temporal case, the quiddity of being lodged in the present moment is trivially explicable: the "thisness" of the present and "thatness" of the future and past are indexicals in the same spirit as "hereness" and "thereness". (See the prequel for more details.) But while the spirit is similar, there is an asymmetry between future and past which does not exist between up and down, or left and right. This asymmetry is what makes free will and the growing block plausible. And that is really the point I want to make: while the folk Cartesian may draw the wrong conclusions, the premises are sound. There is something strange about being in a mind. There is something strange about being in time.
The bow and the arrow
The problem can be clearly stated as follows: why change? The presentist or blocker might answer: because existence. In other words, what exists is changing, and changes become in the world. If we dismiss this as temporal solipsism, and adopt an even-handed four-dimensionalist ontology, the question becomes: why cause and effect? Put differently, why can we remember the past but not the future?
At this point, physicists step in and claim to offer a solution. The relativist says: because spacetime signature. In other words, the spacetime manifold comes equipped with a timelike direction, locally, everywhere. This is evidently so, but it does not explain the asymmetry between time and space; it simply bakes it into the geometry. Is there a more fundamental way of explaining the asymmetry? The statistical mechanic says: because entropy. Roughly speaking, a system with many parts changes in an effectively random way, and it will tend towards the most likely outcomes, particularly when the odds for the unlikely outcomes are roughly one in $2^{10^{23}}$. The second law of thermodynamics states that such odds are well-approximated by zero.
The claim is that the irreversible, macroscopic arrow of time arises from a system exploring ways to be. Let's examine this claim a little more closely. The entropy $S$ is just the logarithm of the number of ways $N$ the system can be while looking the same at a macroscopic level, $S = \log N$. There can be some maximally likely way for a system to be, which corresponds to maximum entropy, $S_\text{max}$. But if the universe (or a box of gas, or a shiny new pair of sneakers, or whatever) is for some reason in a sub-maximal, or low entropy state (LES), then it will explore ways to be in an effectively irreversible fashion, even though the laws of physics are reversible, simply because it is fantastically unlikely to find its way back to the LES. Although the universe might not know about cause and effect at a fundamental level, it would be madness to bet against them! In the language of physics, the | |
medical monitoring of the plaintiffs and an injunction against further burning. If the judge approves class-action status, some 28,000 residents could be represented. The defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the suit; the judge has not set a date for a hearing. "The companies believe the lawsuit is without merit," Ryan Weston, CEO of the Sugar Cane League, which represents the three largest growers and processors in Florida, wrote in an email. (Florida Crystals and the other named defendants declined to make any employees available for an interview; a U.S. Sugar spokeswoman answered questions via email.)
The lawyers and activists such as Scottmaintain they aren't trying to put the industry out of business, just to get it to change its practices. There is an alternative to burning, and Florida sugar growers are already doing it—at least in a few fields. Known as green harvesting, mechanical harvesters collect the trash, which can be sold for fuel pellets or to generate electricity,or it's left in the fields.
The fields bordering the Walmart in Clewiston are harvested green to prevent smoke from bothering the customers in the parking lot, according to the guide of a tour of the area organized by the Clewiston Chamber of Commerce. (Judy Sanchez, senior director of corporate communications and public affairs for U.S. Sugar, said these fields are "harvested via controlled pre-harvest burn techniques whenever the conditions meet the requirements for obtaining a permit.")
Legions of farmers abroad have switched to green harvesting. Mills that account for 63% of the annual harvest in Brazil agreed in 2007 to phase out cane burning within a decade, and carbon dioxide emissions dropped by almost 10 million tons. Most of Australia's $1.37 billion industry no longer burns. Thailand announced in August that it would end burning within three years out of concern for the smog in cane-producing provinces.
But Florida's sugar industry insists green harvesting wouldn't work in its "muck" soils, made up of decayed organic matter from when the cane fields were swampland. Regions overseas that are moving away from burning, Ardis Hammock tells me, "don't have the same soil types we do. If you leave dense plant matter on the rows, it blankets over the shoot. Trying to sprout with a blanket of trash on top, it's the perfect scenario for funguses."
But years-long experiments led by researchers at the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences have shown that the shoots fight through the trash and grow to produce about as many tons of sugar as in cane fields that have been burned. Other research has confirmed this, and Andrew Wood, an Australian expert in green harvesting, studied Florida's industry and concluded that green harvesting would result in higher profits for the industry, despite the unique soil.
Even so, switching all 400,000 acres of Florida sugar to green harvesting would be a major expense: Additional harvesters would be required to handle the extra material, along with more wagons to carry it off, more workers to operate the additional equipment and more fuel to run it all. All this, plus the trucks rolling through town to haul off the trash that isn't left in the field, would mean more diesel pollution in the four towns. Ardis Hammock and the director of IFAS, Gregg Nuessly, questioned whether there is a market for converting the trash into paper and packaging, though the managing director of Emerald Brand, which makes plant-based paper and plastic products, Ralph Bianculli, Jr., says, "We could probably use this material."
Sugar wields plenty of power in Florida, and there's little incentive to change. The industry gave more than $8 million to political candidates in the 2016 election cycle. Growers are convinced that their work benefits the area. "We haven't seen any facts that would make us want to change our mind," about burning, says Miller Couse, chairman of the board of First Bank in Clewiston, which provides agribusiness loans in the region.
Whether residents believe that cane burning harms the health of the surrounding communities seems to depend on where they live and on the color of their skin. Clewiston is majority white; South Bay, Belle Glade and Pahokee are majority black.
All the white Clewiston residents and community leaders I meet during five days I stayed in town tell me they don't know anyone who has asthma. The mayor, Mali Gardner, tells me about how her mother is 91, her aunt 88, and her dad passed at 93.
Couse and industry representatives point to data showing favorable air quality in the Glades. But Florida's Department of Environmental Protection operates just one monitor in the region, in Belle Glade, which collects data on just one pollutant, PM2.5. (Not, for example, on such polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as benzo(a)pyrene, which have been found at levels 15 times higher during the burn season as in the summer.) The device is a "non-regulatory" monitor, meaning it has not been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine compliance with national ambient air-quality standards. The data it reports average out pollution over a time frame too broad to pick-up short-term spikes—such as field burns. The industry pays for additional monitors to ensure compliance with regulatory standards. Maps of areas that may be impacted by smoke, which the Forest Service produces daily, indicate smoke can travel up to 26 miles.
I met only one black person who wasn't convinced that sugarcane burning is poisoning the Glades communities. Eric Green, assistant coach of the Clewiston High School football team, says that in five years, he has supervised only one player who needed an inhaler.
Steve Messam has had a different experience. "Growing up here, I always breathed heavy as a child," he says. Returning from college in Michigan over Christmas break as a freshman, he noticed he felt worse. Years later, he lived with his wife and son east of the Glades, but when they moved to Belle Glade, Messam says, his son started having trouble breathing (though he has not been diagnosed with asthma). Messam's wife, who, like him, is black, started experiencing upper respiratory tract infections. When they go to Orlando on vacation, or to Jamaica to visit family, the problems disappear.
The divide between the anti-burning camp and supporters of the status quo seems to be so sharp that Couse tells me, "I don't know of any local opposition. I don't know any local people raising any fuss about the burning of cane."
This has perhaps contributed to the widespread belief that the opposition to burning is led by people from outside the Glades communities. Still, the Sierra Club says its involvement didn't begin until Scott called. And Matthew Moore, the Berman Law Group attorney heading the class-action suit, tells me his firm became interested in the issue only after hiring Joe Abruzzo, a former state senator who represented the area.
Whether you are bothered by smoke also depends on where you live. Household income in Pahokee, Belle Glade and South Bay is about half Florida's median, and its unemployment rate is higher. Wealthier, whiter communities east of the Everglades Agricultural Area don't experience burning anymore: In the 1990s, residents in eastern Palm Beach County complained, and now the state won't issue burn permits when the weather forecasts that wind will blow toward their homes. (In some cases, with special authorization, it is allowed.)
"The more affluential folks started complaining about it, and they gave them the courtesy. They won't burn," says Messam. "But they won't give us, who live in the middle of these fields, the same courtesy." The area with the fewest restrictions on burning includes all four Glades towns. "They're not allowed to burn when it's going into civilized areas," is how the former mayor of Pahokee, J.P Sasser, sarcastically | |
_Bucentaur_ was moored at Husvik (house cove) in 1907 and operated until 1913. The shore station (off-limits to visitors) opened in 1910 and closed in 1960 when much of the equipment was dismantled and moved to Grytviken.
Sitting securely on the slipway, the 32m, 179-ton _Karrakatta_ was hauled out of the water so her coal-fired boiler could provide steam to power an adjacent engineering workshop. A hole was cut in her hull and a steam pipe connected to the workshop.
South of the station, and outside the prohibited zone, lies the Manager's Villa and the cemetery .
Dammed by the Neumayer Glacier, Gulbrandsen Lake , in the mountains 3km southwest of Husvik, is one of South Georgia's largest and most spectacular lakes. Icebergs sometimes float across its surface, but the lake periodically and suddenly drains completely. Terraces above the shore mark earlier water levels.
##### GRYTVIKEN
South Georgia's only whaling station that can be visited (hazardous material and dangerous structures were removed by the government at a cost of £7.5 million), Grytviken is the island's first and longest-running station. It operated from 1904 to 1965.
Although a whole whale could be butchered in as little as 20 minutes, it was sometimes hard to keep pace with the catcher boats! As many as four dozen whales might be brought in at once, with the whole of Grytviken Bay covered by carcasses, which were inflated with compressed air to keep them afloat. Working overtime to keep up meant double pay.
Alcohol was banned, but illicit stills produced homemade aquavit. Crime was not a big problem at Grytviken; the jail was used mainly to house visiting expeditions.
South Georgia Museum MUSEUM
(http://sgmuseum.gs) When entering the wonderful South Georgia Museum, be sure to look up to see the wandering albatross mounted overhead. Unless you're a scientist, this is the closest you'll come to one of these magnificent birds, and their size is startling.
The museum is housed in the former station manager's house, built in 1916 by the Norwegians. It's filled with fascinating exhibits on South Georgia's history and wildlife. The shop sells an amazing array of clothing, souvenirs and books.
The Kino (cinema) was built in 1930 slightly in front of the Whaler's Church. A storm destroyed it in 1994 and the remains were removed in 2002, but the signboard and projector are in the museum.
The football pitch (soccer field) remains, but not the tennis court.
Whalers' Church CHURCH
The restored Whalers' Church, consecrated on Christmas Day, 1913, is a typical Norwegian church. Indeed, it was originally erected in Strømmen before being dismantled and shipped here. Inside are memorials to Grytviken's founder, Carl Anton Larsen, and to Shackleton, whose funeral was held here. Visitors are invited to go upstairs to ring the two bells. Grytviken's first pastor, Kristen Löken, lamented that 'religious life among the whalers left much to be desired.' The church has been used for a few baptisms (13 births have been registered on the island) and marriages, but it has been used most often for funerals.
Whalers' Cemetery CEMETERY
Shackleton's grave is the highlight of the whalers' cemetery at Grytviken. 'The Boss' is buried at the left rear of the graveyard. On the back of the granite headstone (engraved with the nine-pointed star that Shackleton used as a personal emblem) is one of his favorite quotations, from the poet Robert Browning: 'I hold that a man should strive to the uttermost for his life's set prize.'
In November 2011, Frank Wild's ashes were buried alongside Shackleton's after a ceremony in the church attended by Shackleton's and Wild's descendants. Wild was Shackleton's 'right-hand man'
There are 63 other graves here, several of which may belong to 19th-century sealers. Most belong to Norwegian whalers, including nine who died in a 1912 typhus epidemic. One grave holds the remains of an Argentine soldier killed during the Falklands War. The cemetery's abundant dandelions come from seeds in the soil, some of which was imported from Norway to allow the dead whalers to be buried in a bit of home. The cemetery is surrounded by a fence to keep molting elephant seals from scratching against the gravestones.
The cross on the hillside above commemorates Walter Slossarczyk, third officer on Filchner's _Deutschland_ expedition, who committed suicide at Grytviken in 1911; he rowed off in a ship's dinghy one night and never returned: the boat was found three days later. The cross higher up the hill commemorates 17 men who died when their fishing vessel _Sudurhavid_ sank off the island in 1998. The hillside is a good place to take panoramic photos of the station, but it's quite steep.
##### GODTHUL
Named 'Good Cove' by the Norwegian sealers who began working here in about 1905, Godthul never had a shore whaling station. Instead, a floating factory with two attendant catchers anchored here in the summers from 1908 to 1917 and from 1922 to 1929. Today an amazing number of whale and elephant seal bones litter the rocky beach, and several wooden boats used in flensing whales alongside the factory ship are now falling to pieces among the tussock.
### GRYTVIKEN WHALING STATION OPERATIONS ROBERT BURTON
Grytviken means 'Pot Cove' and is named for the sealers' try-pots that were discovered there. As a 'bay within a bay,' it is the best harbor in South Georgia and was chosen by the Norwegian captain Carl Anton Larsen as the site of the first whaling station in Antarctic waters. On November 16, 1904, Larsen arrived with a small fleet of ships to build a factory, and whaling started five weeks later. Although the company was Argentine-owned, the whalers were mostly Norwegians. Huge profits were made at first, but Grytviken was eventually forced to close because whales had become so rare. The station underwent a massive cleanup in 2004–06. Several buildings, larger machinery and three beached sealing vessels remain.
During Grytviken's first years only the blubber from the whale was utilized. Later, meat, bones and viscera were cooked to extract the oil, leaving bone and meat-meal as important by-products.
Life for the station workers was arduous. The season ran from October to March, and the workers put in 12-hour days. As many as 300 worked here during the industry's heyday. A few stayed over winter to maintain the boats and factory.
The timber flensing plan was in the large open space between the two main jetties. Whale carcasses were brought to the iron-plated whale slip at the base of the plan and hauled onto the plan by the whale winch. (The 40,815kg electric winch has been removed from the top of the plan.) The blubber was slit by flensers armed with hockey stick–shaped flensing knives. Strips of blubber were then ripped off the carcass, like the skin from a banana, by cables attached to steam winches, which you can still see.
The blubber was minced and fed into the blubber cookers, the 12 large vertical cylinders on the right of the plan. Each cooker held about 24 tonnes of blubber, which was cooked for approximately five hours to drive out the oil. The oil was piped to the separators for purification by centrifuging, and finally into tanks behind the station. About 25 fin whales (each 18m) could be processed in 24 hours. They would yield 1000 barrels (160 tonnes) of oil.
When the whale had been flensed, the meat, tongue and guts were cut off by the lemmers (who took their name from the Norwegian word for 'dismember'), drawn up the steep ramp on the left of the plan to the meat cookery and dropped into rotating cookers. The head and backbone were dragged up another ramp (now gone) at the back of the plan to the bone cookery, where they were cut up with large steam saws and also cooked.
After oil extraction, the remains of the meat and | |
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Sandy Fielden, Morningstar Commodities
"The Developing Gulf Coast Crude Export Market"
This presentation discussed a wide variety of features of the crude export market, including crude production, incremental barrels headed to the Gulf Coast, the export market itself, terminal buildout, transshipment, offshore terminals, and the export outlook for the future.
David Lord & Anay Luketa, Sandia National Laboratories
"Crude Oil Characterization Research Study Task 3: Combustion Experiments"
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These presentations are part of a major ongoing Crude Oil Characterization Research Study sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Transportation, and TransportCanada. Part I took an overview of the oils sampled and tested during this phase of the project, including visual properties, gravity, and time and storage type. Part II focused on combustion events most likely to arise from a severe rail accidents, namely, pool fires and fireballs, with the objective of determining whether vapor pressure affects thermal hazard distances for these combustion events.
Sally Goodson, American Petroleum Institute
"API Measurement Standards"
This presentation covered API's History and Mission, API's Standards Programs and Measurement (COPM) Committees, and went into specific detail on many of the API Major Measurement Projects and API Measurement Standards published and under development in 2018-2019.
Tyler Caughman, Magellan Midstream Partners
"Pipeline and Quality Overview"
Tyler provided a look in to the assets of Magellan Midstream Partners including their refined products pipeline, marine terminals, before turning to a more detailed look at their crude oil facilities, particularly those moving crude to Houston and Corpus Christi. The presentation also summarized the company's many crude quality programs, such as the Magellan MEH WTI Program for the ICE Permian WTI Contract in Houston.
Kesavalu M. Bagawandoss, Environmental Standards Inc.
"Hydrocarbon Forensics and Appropriate Characterization Methods"
This presentation looked at hydrocarbon fingerprinting, focusing on such topics as why we need hydrocarbon fingerprinting, what is necessary to perform fingerprinting, tracks of data collection, factors affecting fingerprinting, techniques, and laboratory information (data presentation).
Umberto Cabarrocas, ASI KECO
Nara Tong, Nalco Champion
Curtis Behr, Valero
"H2S Panel discussion 2.0: Specifications, Reaction Variables, and Downstream Perspectives"
This panel discussion brought three experts together each with a very different role in the crude oil supply chain to discuss their perspectives on H2S according to questions provided by the COQA.
Robert Auers & Ed Koshka
"The Long and Winding Road: Changing Canadian Crude Qualities and Strategies"
This presentation began with the evolution of the Canadian crude oil market over the past two decades before drawing conclusions on how Canadian developments critical to both U.S. and Canada, on how partially upgraded bitumen (PUB) provides multiple benefits, and how quality considerations continue to be key to market value/acceptance.
Keith Lawson, Phillips 66
"Accuracy and Interface Classification in Sediment and Water Testing in the Field"
Keith's presentation set to establish whether there is an improved technique for measuring water in crude oil, focusing particularly on the limitations of centrifuge methods compared with coulometric titration with sample pre-evaporation. The presentation details the steps taken/required for ASTM/API approval.
Mukund Unavane, AVEVA
"Real-time Crude Oil Data for Refinery Decision Making"
Mukund provided an introduction to AVEVA and supply chain software before turning to the need for real time crude assay data, extended-range IR spectroscopy and crude assay modelling and the results for crude assay prediction modelling.
Thank you to all of our presenters!
Oklahoma City, OK, May 29-30, 2019
COQA Oklahoma City
Skirvin Hotel
Josh Baskett, Continental Resources
"Continental Resources: The Future of Marketed Barrels"
Beginning with an overview of Continental Resources' asset base, this presentation detailed the company's vision going forward in light of growth in US production, growth in the export market, and development along the Gulf Coast. The presentation concluded with a summary of quality concerns of foreign buyers.
Hillary Stevenson, Genscape
"Cushing Infrastructure, Prices, and Quality"
Hillary spoke to Genscape's monitoring technology in the Cushing region and how it has tracked storage and pipeline infrastructure over the years, pointing t the ways that cycles in use and development in Oklahoma have had an impact on a national scale. The presentation concluded with a look at how pipeline utilization and capacity affect quality.
Dan Brusstar, CME Group
"CME Group and the Implementation of the WTI Specifications"
This presentation provided an update on the recent Cushing deliveries, explained how WTI Quality is meeting the new specs and detailed the benefits of adopting the COQA WTI specs, including how refiners benefit from stable and certain quality, how stable WTI Quality will transform the global market, and finally, how new supply sources will increase competition globally.
Larry Tucker, Metrohm USA
"New ASTM Standard D8045 Thermometric Titration for Acid Number in Crude Oils and Petroleum Products"
A history of the development of the Thermometric Titration method for TAN was followed by a comparison to ASTM D664, highlighting the potential industry benefits of the newer method, which was suggested as the method to be used in the Domestic Sweet Specifications at Cushing.
Ha Nguyen, IHS Markit
"Sour Crude Scramble: Global Heavy Crude Slates"
With a particular focus on South America (especially Venezuela, but not exclusively), this presentation looked at the impact of key events on the global movement and quality of crude. It highlights how the global crude slates (and Chinese imports) are becoming lighter and sweeter due to US and Brazilian production spikes and sanctions on Venezuela and Iran.
David Braziel, RBN Energy
"The Effects of Domestic Supply and Demand on Exports"
This presentation began with a look at regional growth in US production and high refinery utilization, before turning to the question of exports, where the focus was on future growth, price differentials, facility locations and capacities, and the geopolitical impact.
Jon Bargas, OIPA-OKOGA
"Unapologetically Fueling a Stronger Oklahoma"
Jon's presentation looked broadly at the critical role of the crude oil industry in Oklahoma and on a national scale, focusing on drilling growth, meeting environmental challenges, and the social and educational impact of the industry. Here is a video from the presentation.
Ian Burgess, Validere
Ian's presentation began with a comparison of test methods for water content in the lab and field (Centrifuge, Karl Fischer Titration, Interface Testing). He then quantified interface layers (wax, emulsion, asphaltene, etc.) with UV imaging in centrifuge tests before answering the question: How much water do interface layers contain and what is the best way to measure total water in your sample
Thank you to all presenters and attendees.
New Orleans, LA, March 13-14, 2019
COQA New Orleans
Hilton Riverside
Dennis Sutton's Introductions
Suzanne Lemieux, American Petroleum Institute
"API Industry Outlook: First Quarter 2019"
A summary of the API's Chief Economist's work (found on the API website), this presentation looked at the global economy and oil markets, noting record US oil production in Q1 2019. In addition to crude oil, Suzanne spoke about natural gas and how low prices in the US are driving a vibrant export market. Finally, she spoke about higher natural gas production is changing the landscape for the American consumer.
Randy Segato, Suncor Energy
"Partially Upgraded Bitumen (Pub) Technology … Re-Engineering Crude Oil Quality in a Carbon Constrained World"
Randy defined partially upgraded bitumen, and looked at upstream and downstream value extraction, comparing bitumen to conventional oil. He then detailed the many technologies and methods for engineering crude quality change including deasphalting and thermal cracking. He finished with an in depth look at the industry status, particulary in Canada, and real and possible CCQTA and COQA roles.
Gus Vasquez, Argus Media
"The Evolution of US Export Markets"
Following a quick intro to pricing and benchmarking, this presentation delved into exports by destination and how exports shift domestic trade patterns. He then moved on to benchmarks, noting particularly why secondary benchmarks such as WTI Houston matter. In an important conclusion, Gus noted how there is an emerging market for a grade known as West Texas Light (WTL).
Amy Meacock | |
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🔥Not your keys, not your coins : Why you should not use Paypal for Bitcoin
Today, PayPal announced that they will be launching a cryptocurrency digital wallet for buying, selling and storing Bitcoin, Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash and Litecoin.
This confirms rumors which circulated earlier this year, and it is seen as a significant milestone by many in the community.
A milestone it may be, but it will impact millions of daily users who have, until now, never considered getting into cryptocurrency. For them, PayPal will be the leading authority in a space that it has long sought to discredit.
Over 221 Billion dollars were transacted in Q2 of 2020 using Paypal. That represents a rise of 10% in volume in just six months. PayPal is growing and dominating online payments as well as other services such as credit and insurance.
It has a long-established reputation of occasionally freezing user funds and censoring payments that conflict with its outlook but the payments giant continues to hold relevance where Bitcoin should have long overtaken it. Perhaps this news marks the beginning of a transition?
Is PayPal's announcement good news for Bitcoin? Until very recently, PayPal was anti-crypto. Writing in 2018, ex-CEO Bill Harris called Bitcoin "the greatest scam ever", so what's changed?
This sudden turnaround is encouraging, especially as private companies like Microstrategy and Square make grandiose announcements about their own crypto diversification.
Should the community embrace them with open arms? After all, this is the start of mass adoption we've all been waiting for, right?
When a household brand like PayPal starts selling Bitcoin, it's probably not because they want to spur healthy adoption. In the press release announcing their new cryptocurrency service, PayPal sends out mixed messages.
On one hand, the service will be entirely custodial, meaning users will not have the key to their own coins, while on the other they intend to "provide account holders with educational content to help them understand the cryptocurrency ecosystem". The idea that anyone informed about bitcoin would agree to not holding their private keys might indicate that this educational content will overlook the fundamental rule of "Not your keys; not your coins".
If millions of newcomers are onboarded to Bitcoin by PayPal, there could be a very serious information gap that jeopardizes their experience and undermines key principles of cryptocurrency.
This statement from their FAQ is, in practical terms, false: "You own the Cryptocurrency you buy on PayPal but will not be provided with a private key." No-one should consider money held entirely by a third party as owned by them.
Time after time, exchanges have lost user funds, often leaving them with no recourse. A benefit for some will be a promise of greater regulation, where funds can be insured and new users may feel more comfortable than dealing with cryptocurrency exchanges directly, but they will be restricted from actually utilizing their coins. The only reasons to own Bitcoin which cannot be used, would | |
We all know just how competitive the sign industry is at present when it comes to wide-format print. And while it has become quite a crowded sector due to the influx of traditional printers diversifying their services, other areas such as textile print are also becoming popular due to the number of firms having identified an increase in demand for such products.
However, one market that has grown in size but has not attracted as much interest is that of trade printing. The call for work in this sector has increased significantly in recent years, but much less is written in the trade press about using it to diversify into the market. This seems quite confusing, given the ever-growing level of wide-format print volumes produced every year across the UK.
Taking this into account, what sort of work is available in the trade printing sector and how can companies gain access to such jobs that could help propel their business to the next level?
One company that has established itself as one of the front-runners in the trade print sector is Venture Banners, a trade-only large-format print supplier. Scott Conway, sales and marketing director at the company, says its raison d'être is to afford the print trade access to the large-format print market utilising its economies of scale.
Conway explains: "100 percent of our work comes from the trade, we actually won't supply to anyone else other than print trade. I've always thought printers who offer both trade and retail work as having a conflict of interest, trying to play both sides of the fence as it were.
Glancing at the state of the current trade market, Conway the sector is busy, pointing to Venture Banners' success in the last twelve months as evidence for an increasing demand for work. However, he issues a warning to those considering expanding into the market—suggesting that a partnership with a more established company like Venture Banners would be more beneficial.
Conway comments: "With a 21 percent increase in sales last year and the same forecast for 2015, we are busy and we can only see more growth in the trade market. Yes, you can buy an entry level printer for the price of a second-hand Mondeo, but that won't give you the capacity to produce any volume of large-format print, especially when the thing takes most the morning just to print a roller banner.
"A lot of our customers have their own machines, but they use them for the more profitable, niche areas of the market, they trust us with all their banners and exhibition stands.
"There are several things that sets Venture Banners apart from the competition, first and foremost is our commitment in only dealing with the print and sign trade. I think that gives our customers peace of mind and propagates trust.
Keen to build on success in the last twelve months, Conway gives an insight into the company's expansion plans for 2015 and beyond: "We are certainly not a company to sit on its laurels! We are days away from bringing a whole new range of products to market that our customers will be able to make a tidy profit on.
Elsewhere, Route1Print is an online trade printer that specialises in small-format digital and litho, as well as wide-format printing. With a client base ranging from sign-makers to high street copy shops, the firm has taken on a whole host of work from the trade sector since being established in 2012. Speaking about the market as a whole, Jack Wilmott, channel manager at the company, believes the sector is growing and Route1Print will benefit as a result.
He comments: "I would say there is a lot of movement in the trade print market at the moment and, if anything, I would say the market is growing for a number of reasons.
up their own equipment in favour of outsourcing.
"Secondly, there is a growing section of graphic design professionals, marketing agencies, and even web designers that are extending their offering to include supplying print, which compliments their services very well.
With this growth likely to attract more players to the sector, Wilmott remains confident that Route1Print will continue to flourish due to the quality of service it provides.
Wilmott explains: "I think there are a number of factors that set us apart. Firstly, a lot of print companies are too focused on being production orientated and, while I'm not disagreeing with this approach, it can lead to this belief that price trumps all.
"What ends up happening is that everybody gets dragged into a price war that erodes each other's margins. Offering a competitive price will always be an important factor but we do not simply define ourselves as a trade printer on the basis of our prices.
Wilmott concludes: "Secondly, we feel some printers are using e-commerce as a way to completely automate their offering and reduce the number of people in service roles, which we know alienates the more traditional print buyer. This is why we are conscious not to completely dehumanise ourselves and make sure we can provide a level of service people still require and expect.
Meanwhile, the aptly named Tradeprint is another company very active in the market—with a very significant pro-portion of its work coming from sign-makers diversifying into providing commercial print alongside their more traditional large-format offering. James Barrett-Burnage, head of marketing at the company, says an improving economy, coupled with an abundance of technology, are two main factors helping this market expand further.
Tradeprint has a large section of the market covered, with its services ranging from something as small as business cards and flyers, right through to posters and large-format material. The company last year also installed an automated eight-colour long-perfector B1 KBA Rapida 106 to boost its service offering.
However, when quizzed about the main reason behind the firm's success, Barrett-Burnage had no hesitation in pointing to PrintGateway, a reseller platform that was developed in-house.
He explains: "When run lengths and prices began to fall across the industry, we took the decision to not just embrace the change but to welcome it. We invested in developing our own software to maximise efficiencies, making short-runs not only viable but profitable.
"Evolving our industrialised lean manufacturing model, we drastically reduced production times, power consumption and wastage. Our processes are now fully automated—from point of purchase to production, our work-flow is seamless: 97.65 percent of our jobs flow automatically.
"Our PrintGateway reseller platform was developed as a response to the pressures and external competition we saw across the print sector. Print-Gateway is designed to allow printers to painlessly expand or develop an on-line offering, opening new markets for trade printing where costs previously made the opportunity unachievable.
With this in mind, Barrett-Burnage casts his mind forward to the future and speaks positively about what the next year will have in store for Tradeprint: "2015 promises to be an exciting year for Tradeprint. We aim to further streamline and automate our systems, using both software and physical processes, allowing us to become even more competitive and efficient. We are working towards patentable unique production methods and perfecting a comprehensive online proofing system.
From speaking to companies already active in this sector, it seems that there is plenty to be said for expanding into trade printing. However, with competition rife amongst those already established in the market, a potential move should be planned out properly in order to make the most of the work available.
With a wide range of CNC routers on the market, how can printers avoid under- or over-specifying when investing in kit? Help is on hand as Jane Allardice discovers ... .. ... ... ..
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Printers are becoming increasingly aware of the impact that quality software can have on a business. | |
#ultra-endurance
Reportage By: Ryan Le Garrec
Chasing Fabian Burri
What's a day, an hour, a few seconds, or a month?
What's the point of time if it's still and untouched?
Where are we now, and can it be then?
I woke up that morning from sweat and fears, dreams that fade away in the blink of an eye but a feeling that takes longer, lingers around, just for a while. I had a crash but it left no rash.
I met Fabian over a year ago, in Oman, at a race, he was wearing skinny black stuff and had a lot of tattoos, he had a mustache and looked a lot like bike messengers, or my friends from Brazil.
West Highland Way: Rab Wardell's Record Attempt
The latest from Wahoo Fitness documents an incredible feat, as Rab Wardell sets a new record on the West Highland Way, a 95 mile stretch from Glasgow to Fort William.
Kokopelli Trail Records Broken by Kait Boyle and Kurt Refsnider
This past Friday, professional endurance cyclists Kait Boyle (@kait.boyle), Lael Wilcox (@laelwilcox), and Kurt Refsnider (@kurt.refsnider) all set off before dawn on the iconic 137-mile-long Kokopelli Trail from Moab, Utah. By dusk, two new fastest known times (FKTs) were set by teammates Boyle and Refsnider (Pivot-Industry Nine-Revelate Designs-Kuat Racks).
Josh Ibbett at the GBDuro 2020
After our Reportage from this year's GBDuro, a 1200-mile fully self-sufficient bikepacking race the length of the UK, Josh Ibbett pulled together a self-filmed video from his experience out on the course. Thanks to our buddy Ryan Le Garrec for the edit!
Reportage By: Ryan Le Garrec & Josh Ibbett
Deer and Wolves: Josh Ibbett on the GBDURO 2020
Josh Ibbett just won the GBduro. A 2000 km mostly off-road Ultra Distance race from the most southern tip of the UK to the most northern in Scotland.
This is the second edition of this race.
The first one was won by Lachlan Morton last year.
The Racing Collective, organizers of the race, best described by themselves as "the UK's flagship not-for-profit bikepacking club" had to change their race format this year. They did it, brilliantly.
There were no stages anymore, the race described as "a scrappy rolling picnic through Britain's ever-changing landscapes" had that new daunting rule about it, you had to be "self-sufficient", no stopping allowed in shops, cafe, restaurant or hotel, whatsoever, so you carry your own food, filter water from streams or sources and mind yourself and your bike 'till the end. There is a new level in the game of Epic.
12 Discussion
Reportage By: Dean Reeve
Cameron Dixon: the Transcontinental Race Interview
I first became aware of Cameron in 2019 whilst working at NRG Cycles in Great Ayton. A few regular customers had been in and asked if I knew of this local lad – 'somebody' Dixon was all I had to go on and that he rode his bike….a lot.
Working in a small North Yorkshire village you tend to know all the local cyclists and with my involvement with Ribble Weldtite Pro Cycling, that knowledge is spread further a field into the race scene. I'd never seen him on a start sheet before, so who was he?
Keith's Journey Across the USA
Jeremy Rubier is currently chasing his friend Keith across the USA, who is trying to beat the world record in less than 35 days! He is 60 years old, and has already ridden more than 2000 miles! Follow the trip at Keith's Facebook.
The Transatlantic Way
Matt and Brad have been riding together for years, on increasingly difficult rides and races. This is unexpected for Matt, as he was told "no bikes for the rest of your life" by his doctor after an injury, only to take on Ireland's Transatlantic Way, a 2500k route along the west coast of Ireland years later… Matt and Brad finished in 7 days, 15hours, and 43 minutes, finishing first place out of seven teams!
Reportage By: Kevin Merrey & Gavin Kaps
Sean Conway: Europe or Bust – A Filmmaker's View
In 2017 German endurance cyclist Jonas Deichmann set the world record for cycling across Europe, fully self-supported, in an incredible 25 days. This is a 6500km journey, starting in Portugal on the Westernmost point, crossing a further 7 countries all the way to Ufa at the Easternmost point of Europe.
However, the world's fastest cycling record is something that has eluded another endurance athlete for years. That of UK based and Zimbabwe-born, bearded adventurer Sean Conway. Sean has set other incredible records, including the first person to swim the length of Britain, and also setting a record for a full triathlon of the UK, where he cycled, ran than swam within a mile of the entire coast of mainland Britain. But a world's fastest is something that came within his reach when he attempted the Europe crossing in 2017, the same years as Jonas' record. Unfortunately for Sean, after just 1200km, when approaching the French Pyrenees, he had to pull out because of an injury.
Into the Rift: the Story of the Atlas Mountain Race
Into the Rift is a deep-dive into what it takes to compete in and complete the Atlas Mountain Race:
"To simply finish the Atlas Mountain Race means navigating 1,200 kilometres of the most rugged and remote roads in Morocco. To win requires riding almost non-stop, night and day, for days on end. It is a combination of strength and sleep deprivation that only a few riders in the world can manage. Alone, unsupported and loaded down with supplies, each competitor must constantly battle mechanicals, heat exhaustion and saddle sores to get to the finish. There is no prize, no money, simply the satisfaction that comes from pushing oneself to the limit while exploring the forgotten corners of a beautiful country."
• Discussion
'GP-1200': Girona to Portugal Cycling Adventure
Our friend Sami worked on a project with Jack Ultra Cyclist and it's worth the watch this Friday afternoon!
From the East coast of Spain to the Western shores of Portugal, in October 2019, Jack decided he needed a challenge and so set about riding the route non stop…
A journey of 1,200 kilometers with 11,910m of elevation gain, Jack finished the ride in 56 hours, fresh and relatively unscathed.
As part of this challenge, Jack was eager to raise awareness about mental health, in particular the stigma that is often associated with such conditions. Talking open and candidly about his own struggles with drug use and depression and how the bike has allowed him to overcome these difficult times, 'GP-1200' looks to turn a chapter in what can only be described as 'a silent killer that affects us all,' be it directly or indirectly.
"Riding my bike from Girona to Portugal is nothing compared to my early teenage years and my struggles with mental health. I just hope that by sharing my story, I can inspire others to go about pushing their own limits in search of happiness."
Reportage By: Ryan Le Garrec & Lander Deldime
Tugende: the Race Around Rwanda
I arrived in Rwanda on the 26th of January and was greeted by a spooky line of doctors and nurses wearing masks, they were filtering us before border control, asking us to remain about two meters away from them while they would conduct a short interview.
The world was barely aware of the virus outbreak at that time, Corona was still a light Mexican beer, flying was no biggie and I was just happy I had managed to sneak in business class and have two dinners, champagne, and a screen to watch films.
My only concern was finding the next race I could cover. I hadn't started enjoying that one and I was already thinking of the void after it.
Tugende Teaser
Tugende is a film about the race around Rwanda, made by Ryan Le Garrec, produced by Ryan Le Garrec and Lander Deldime. Check back here on the | |
War is Over…….GloboCap Wins!
16th January 2021 Going Postal Authoritarianism, Capitalism, Elections, Politics, US 0
Historic Win.
Historic Win,
F. C. Photography – Licence CC BY-SA 2.0
Well OK, so, that was quite unsettling. For one terrifying moment there, it actually looked like GloboCap was going to let Roossian-Asset-Literally-Hitler win. Hour after hour on election night, States on the map kept turning red, or pink, or some distinctly non-blue colour. Wisconsin … Michigan … Georgia … Florida. It could not be happening, and yet it was. What other explanation was there?…….. Teh Roossians were stealing the election again! But, of course, GloboCap was just playing with us. They're a bunch of practical jokers, those GloboCap guys, & of course, couldn't miss the golden opportunity to wind up the Puffinati…… one more time. Not that I don't enjoy a good prank, but my dwindling number of wokey frens were on the verge of suffering major heart attacks as they breathlessly waited for the corporate media to confirm that they had successfully voted a literal dictator out of power. And then the faux Chyynese water torture of appeals through the Courts, bad hair dye days under the TV lights, The Powell & Wood Show (the worst double act since Cannon & Ball), the pitiful homage at the Capitol toward Saturday night chucking out time at Colburn Lodge. But, hey ho, whatever. That's water under the bridge. The good news is, the Nightmare is over! Literally-Hitler and his underground army of Roosia-lovin' white supremacists have been vanquished!! Decency has been restored !!! &, &, &,…….. Globilisation has risen from the dead !!!!
And, of course, the most important thing is, racism is really over ………. again !!!!! Yes, that's right, peeps, no more racism … … The Dems are back in the White House! According to sources, the domestic staff are already down in the West Wing basement looking for the MLK bust that Literally-Hitler-Trump ordered to be removed the moment he was sworn into office. College kids are building pyres of racist and potentially racist books, paintings, films, and other degenerate artworks. Jussie Smollett can finally come out of hiding. OK, granted, they're not going to desegregate liberal cities or anything crazy like that, or stop "policing" Black neighbourhoods like an occupying army, but Kamala Harris is Black – well, mostly – and Ol' Chyyna Joe will tell us more stories about Corn Pop and other dangerous Black people he hasn't jailed, so that should r e a l l y calm down all those BLM folks.
In the meantime, the official celebrations have begun. Assorted mass-murdering GloboCap luminaries, government leaders, and the corporate media are pumping out hopey-changey propaganda like it was 2008 all over again. Talking heads are breaking down & sobbing on television. Slaphappy hordes of Covidian Cultists are amassing outdoors, masks around their necks, sharing champagne bottles & slobbery kissing one another protected from the virus by the Anti-Trump Force Field that saved the BLM protesters last Summer. It's like VE & VJ Day, with a heavy sprinkle of the Fall of the Berlin Wall, all rolled into one!
This is completely understandable, given the horrors of the last four years, the concentration camps, the wars of aggression, the censorship, the CIA murder squads, the show trials and all that other dictator stuff. On top of which, there was all that white supremacy and that anti-Semitism, and that wall that transformed America into an "apartheid state" where people were imprisoned in an open-air ghetto and gratuitously abused and murdered. (Note to Ed – can you fact check this paragraph ?) But let's not dwell on all those horrors right now. There will be plenty of time for all that later, when DJT is made to do the perp walk into court and tried for his many crimes against humanity.
No, this is a time for looking ahead to the Brave New Global-Capitalist Normal in which everyone will sit at home in their masks surfing the Internets on their microwaves with CNN playing in the background … well, OK, not absolutely everyone. The affluent will still need to fly around in their private jets and helicopters, and take holidays on their yachts & private islands, you know, all the usual stuff to which they're surely entitled. But the rest of us won't have to go anywhere or meet with anyone in person, because our lives will be one never-ending Zoom meeting carefully monitored by official fact-checkers to ensure we're not being "misinformed" or exposed to "dangerous conspiracy theories" which could potentially lead to the agonised deaths (or the mild to moderate flu-like illnesses) of hundreds of millions of innocent people.
But let's not count our chickens just yet. As much as you're probably looking forward to life in the BNGCN or the Great Reeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeset or whatever they end up calling the shiny new totalitarianism, it isn't a done deal quite yet … not until Roossian-Asset Hitler has been thoroughly humiliated and removed from office, and anyone who voted for him, or didn't believe he was literally Hitler, or a Russian asset, or who otherwise refused to take part in the mindless, corporate-media-generated Anti-Trump Hate-Fest, has been demonised as a "racist," a "traitor," a "conspiracy theorist," a "far-right extremist.", or even (clutches pearls) a commenteratist on Going Postal. That's probably going to kick in the early doors of 2021.
I'm pretty certain the plan is still to goad Trump into overreacting and trying to resist his removal from office. And I do not mean just in the courts. No, after all the money, time, and effort that GloboCap has invested over the last four years, they are going to be extremely disappointed if he just slinks away without going full-Hitler and starting a Second Civil War. No, GloboCap needs to make an example of Trump for winning this election & to put down the widespread populist rebellion against global capitalism and its ideology that started back in 2016. (Of course, it doesn't make any difference whether Donald Trump is actually a populist, or whether people realise that it is global capitalism and not cultural Marxism that they are rebelling against).
According to the script, this is the part where Trump refuses to respect "democracy" and has to be forcibly dragged out of office by the Secret Service or elements of the military, ideally "live" on international television. It may not end up playing out that way (DJT is probably not that dumb), but that's the Act III scenario for GloboCap: the "attempted Trump coup," then the "perp walk." They need the public and future generations to perceive him as an "illegitimate president," a "usurper," an "intruder," an "imposter," an "invader" … which, he is. (Being rich and famous does not make you a member of the GloboCap Power Club – C'mon on man, do you really think DJT would be welcomed by the membership at Augusta National? The corporate media are already hard at work manufacturing this version of reality, not only in the content of their "reporting," but also with the unbridled contempt they are showing for a sitting president. The networks actually cut him off in the middle of his post-election address… The Twitter Corporation first censored his tweets & then shut down his account………What could possibly be more indicative of who is really in charge? Meanwhile, the GloboCap propaganda has reached some new post-Orwellian level. After four long years of "RUSSIA HACKED THE ELECTION!" … now, suddenly, "THERE IS LITERALLY NO SUCH THING AS ELECTION FRAUD IN THE USA!"
Laurel and Hardy, not sure.
Laurel & Hardy,
Insomnia Cured Here – Licence CC BY-SA 2.0
That's right. Once again millions of lefties, just like the scene in 1984 where the Party switches official | |
\section{Introduction}
The puzzling nature of the hidden order (HO) phase of URu$_2$Si$_2$\ is still not understood. The central interest of this enigma is that it reflects the duality between the local and itinerant characters of the $5f$ electrons. These different facets often play a major role in the field of strongly correlated electronic systems. In spite of more than two decades of intense search\cite{Palstra:1985}, there is still no direct access to the order parameter (OP) as it occurs for the sublattice magnetization of the high pressure antiferromagnetic (AF) ground state with the wave-vector \textbf{Q$_{AF}$}=(0,0,1)\cite{Amitsuka:1999,Bourdarot:2005} which appears above $P_x\simeq0.5$ GPa via a first order transition switching from HO to AF phases\cite{Motoyama:2003,Amitsuka:2007,Hassinger:2008}. However, recently it was noticed that an unambiguous signature of the HO phase is the sharp resonance at $E_0\simeq1.8$ meV for the commensurate wave-vector \textbf{Q$_0$}=(1,0,0) (equivalent wave-vector to \textbf{Q$_{AF}$}) as this resonance mode collapses through $P_x$ while the other resonance at $E_1\simeq4.1$ meV for the incommensurate wave-vector \textbf{Q$_1$}=(1.4,0,0) persists through $P_x$\cite{villaume:2008}. Furthermore, above $P_x$, a magnetic field leads to the ''resurrection'' of the resonance at $E_0$, when the HO phase is restored \cite{aoki:2009}. As the strong inelastic signal at \textbf{Q$_0$} is replaced above $P_x$ by a large elastic signal, fingerprint of the AF ground state with \textbf{Q$_{AF}$}=(0,0,1), it was proposed that, in both HO and AF phases, a lattice doubling along the \textbf{c} axis occurs at the transition from paramagnetic (PM) to either HO or AF ground states\cite{aoki:2009}. The nice feedback is that the change in the class of tetragonal symmetry via development of a new Brillouin zone generates a drastic decrease in the carrier number as pointed out by a large number of theories\cite{Yamagami:2000,Harima:2009,Elgazzar:2009} and experiments\cite{Hassinger:2008a}. Furthermore, as the HO-AF line touches the PM-HO and PM-AF lines at a critical pressure $P_c\simeq 1.4$ GPa and critical temperature $T_c\simeq19.5$ K, a supplementary symmetry breaking must occur between the HO and AF phases. Two recent theoretical proposals for the OP of the HO phase were a hexadecapole - from Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) calculations\cite{Haule:2009}; or a $O_{xy}$ type antiferroquadrupole - from group theory analysis \cite{Harima::2010}. For both models, the pressure-switch from HO to AF will add a supplementary time reversal breaking in the AF phase. For these models as well as for recent band structure calculations \cite{Elgazzar:2009}, partial gapping of the Fermi surface may happen at $T_0=17.8$ K with a characteristic gap $\Delta_G$. It was even proposed in the last model, that in the HO phase the gapping is produced by a spontaneous symmetry breaking occurring through collective AF moment excitations.
This article presents a careful revisit of the inelastic neutron response at \textbf{Q$_0$} \cite{Broholm:1991,Mason:1995,Wiebe:2007} using recent progress in polarized inelastic neutron configuration of the spectrometer IN22 and in the performance of the cold-neutron three-axis spectrometer IN12, both installed at the high flux reactor of the Institute Laue Langevin (ILL). Thus, this new generation of experiments provide a careful basis on the temperature and pressure evolution of $E_0$. They give a new insight on previous neutron studies thanks to our recent proof\cite{villaume:2008} that the resonance at $E_0$ is up to now the major signature of the HO phase. Comparison will be made with the case of charge ordering observed in the skutterudite PrRu$_4$P$_{12}$ as well as with PrFe$_4$P$_{12}$ where a sequence of HO-AF phases are observed \cite{JPSJ77SA:2008}.
\section{Experimental set up}
High quality single crystals of URu$_2$Si$_2$\ were grown by the Czochralski method in tetra-arc furnace. The details are described elsewhere \cite{aoki:2010}. The sample already used for inelastic neutron scattering in the superconducting state \cite{Hassinger:2010}, was installed in an ILL-type orange cryostat with $\bf{c}$ axis oriented vertically on the thermal triple-axis IN22 in its polarized configuration and on the cold triple-axis IN12 in its standard configuration (both CEA-CRG spectrometer at ILL).
The IN22 experiment was performed at 1.5 K, with two fixed final energies : 14.7 meV ($k_f$=2.662 \AA$^{-1}$) and 30.3 meV ($k_f$=3.84 \AA$^{-1}$). The beam was polarized by a Heusler monochromator vertically focusing and analyzed in energy and polarization by a Heusler analyzer vertically (fixed) and horizontally focusing. The flipping ratio was around 17 and the energy resolutions were 0.95 meV and 2.4 meV for both energies, respectively. No collimation was installed. The background was optimized by an optical calculation of the dimension openings of the slits placed before and after the sample. The measurements were performed in the non-spin-flip channel which provides all the necessary information. The inelastic scans were performed with $\bf{Q}$ parallel to the $\bf{a}$ axis. When the polarization is along the $\bf{a}$ axis, the intensity measured (I$^a_{NSF}$) corresponds to the nuclear and background contributions; when the polarization is along the $\bf{b}$ or $\bf{c}$ axis, the intensities measured (I$^b_{NSF}$) and (I$^c_{NSF}$) correspond to the same contributions plus the (imaginary part of the) susceptibility along the $\bf{b}$ or $\bf{c}$ directions. In the following, the data shown are the subtraction of inelastic scans performed in the non-spin-flip channel with polarization along the $\bf{b}$ or $\bf{c}$ axis, with an inelastic scan performed in the same conditions with polarization along the $\bf{a}$ axis. The subtractions correspond to the imaginary part of the dynamical susceptibilities with for the $\bf{b}$ axis $\chi''_y\propto (I^b_{NSF}-I^a_{NSF})$ the transverse susceptibility and for the $\bf{c}$ axis $\chi''_z\propto (I^c_{NSF}-I^a_{NSF})$ the longitudinal susceptibility.
The IN12 experiment was performed with a fixed final energy $E_f=4.7$ meV ($k_f$=1.5 \AA$^{-1}$) that gives a good compromise between intensity of the excitation and energy resolution $l=0.11$ meV. The incident neutrons were selected by a (0,0,2) graphite vertically focusing monochromator with vertically focusing and analyzed in energy by a (0,0,2) graphite analyzer with horizontal focusing. No collimation was installed. The temperature was measured by a calibrated carbon thermometer and it was checked before each scan that the temperature was stable. As for IN22, the background was optimized by an optical calculation of the dimension openings of the slits placed before and after the sample. The raw scans were corrected for the electronic background (29 counts per hour) and for the $\lambda/2$ contamination of the monitor.
\section{Description of the model used for fitting the inelastic spectrum}
In a neutron scattering experiment, the neutron intensity $I(q,\omega)$ in the detector is proportional to the convolution of the scattering function $S(q,\omega)$ with the instrumental resolution function. $S(q,\omega)$ is related to the imaginary part of the dynamical spin susceptibility $\chi''(q,\omega)$ ($\chi(q,\omega)= \chi'(q,\omega)+\imath\chi''(q,\omega)$) via the fluctuation-dissipation theorem : $S(q,\omega)=n(\omega,T)\chi''(q,\omega)$ where $n(\omega,T)= 1/(1-e^{-\hbar\omega/{k_BT}})$ is the detailed balance factor.
Below $T_{0}$, the excitation is well-defined with an asymmetrical shape related to the finite extent of the resolution function that integrates the dispersion of the excitation in the vicinity of the nominal $q$ wave-vector at which the spectrometer is set-up. To analyze the data, firstly a harmonic oscillator function is taken for $\chi"(q,\omega$) ; this corresponds to the difference of two normalized Lorentzian functions multiplied by $\frac{\chi_o\,\Omega^2_0}{\omega_0\gamma}$, where $\chi_0=\chi(q,\omega=0)$ is the static susceptibility, $\Omega_0$ is the oscillator frequency, $\gamma$ its damping, and $\omega_0$ is given by the equation $\Omega_0=\sqrt{\omega^2_0+(\gamma/2)^2}$. Secondly, a simplified convolution with the resolution function is made : to this aim the resolution function is approximated by a 4D parallelepiped (instead of an ellipsoid) and the $q$ dispersion is taken as linear in all directions. This linear dispersion simplified the calculation and gives a better description of the dispersion than a usual quadratic law in the case of URu$_2$Si$_2$. This description is called the \bm{$\gamma$} \textbf{model} when $\gamma \gg l$ and the \bm{$l$} \textbf{model} when $l \gg \gamma$, $l$ being the energy resolution. It leads to a simple analytic expression for $I(q,\omega)$ at the minimums of the dispersion ($q_0$):
\begin{equation}
I(q_0,\omega)=n(\omega,T)\left(F(q_0,\omega,)-F(q_0,-\omega)\right)\\
\label{m3}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{eqnarray}
\begin{split}
F(q_0,\omega)&=L\,K(q_0,\omega)\left(\sum_{i=x,y,z}\sqrt{1+(2\alpha_i\,l/\omega_0(q_0))^2}\right.\nonumber\\
&\left.e^{-\left(4\ln{2}\left(\alpha_i\frac{\omega-\omega_0(q_0)}{\omega_0(q_0)}\right)^2\right)} \right)\\
K(q_0,\omega)&=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{2}{\pi}arctan\left(\frac{2\,(\omega-\omega_0(q_0))}{\beta}\right)\right)\nonumber\\
\end{split}
\end{eqnarray}
\\
\noindent
where $\beta=\gamma(q_0)$ for the \bm{$\gamma$} \textbf{model} and $\beta=l$ for the \bm{$l$} \textbf{model}
$\alpha_i=\alpha_{i0}(\omega_0/\Omega_0)^2$, where $\alpha_{i0}$ is the ratio between the slope of the dispersion and the $q$-width of the resolution function. The L parameter, which depends of the magnetic form factor, | |
since when did boycott, divestment and sanctions constitute racism? And is it true that antisemitism is on the rise again and "especially in Europe"? Where in Europe is it on the rise? More later.
AIPAC greets The Donald
Attending this year's AIPAC convention alongside Hillary were all the presidential hopefuls with the exception of Bernie Sanders and Jill Stein of the Green Party, the only Jewish candidates in the race. Keen to curry favour with their influential hosts, the rest were soon falling over themselves to heap praise and promise unreserved support to Israel.
Prior to his appearance at AIPAC, Trump had declared that he would remain "neutral" in brokering any peace deal between Israel and Palestine. But fickle as ever, 'The Donald' was not about to be outdone by his rivals and overeager to push the right buttons. So besides reassuring the audience of his absolute determination to overturn the Iran deal, here is a sample of what else he said last Monday [March 21st]:
When I'm president, believe me, I will veto any attempt by the U.N. to impose its will on the Jewish state. It will be vetoed 100 percent.
And he said:
When I become president, the days of treating Israel like a second-class citizen will end on day one.
Already half of the population of Palestine has been taken over by the Palestinian ISIS and Hamas, and the other half refuses to confront the first half, so it's a very difficult situation that's never going to get solved unless you have great leadership right here in the United States.
We'll get it solved. One way or the other, we will get it solved.
We will send a clear signal that there is no daylight between America and our most reliable ally, the state of Israel.
The Palestinians must come to the table knowing that the bond between the United States and Israel is absolutely, totally unbreakable.
And then he said:
They must come to the table willing and able to stop the terror being committed on a daily basis against Israel. They must do that.
And they must come to the table willing to accept that Israel is a Jewish state and it will forever exist as a Jewish state. 4
And finally he told everyone in the room how much he loved Israel and how much he loved the people in the room who shared his love for Israel and then they all applauded him until their hands were stinging.
Here is how Haaretz correspondent Chemi Shalev reported on Trump's performance:
Trump entered the Verizon Center in Washington D.C. as a prime suspect but emerged clean as a whistle. In less than half an hour, he took a skeptical and apprehensive audience and turned them into gushing cheerleaders. He went into the arena as a racist demagogue but soon came out as an ostensibly serious contender. He faced a tough test of his mettle but passed it with flying colors and hardly any effort. He came away with a kosher "K" certificate, issued by one of the most powerful and influential organizations in America.
In honor of AIPAC… he undertook an extreme makeover, reading a tightly formulated speech from the kind of teleprompter that he usually mocks. He didn't deviate from his prepared text, which wasn't any different from the addresses made on Monday by Hillary Clinton, John Kasich and even House Speaker Paul Ryan, another AIPAC favorite. Ted Cruz, usually considered a far better speaker than Trump, suddenly sounded dazed and confused. 5
There were also a handful of delegates who opted to boycott Trump's appearance on the grounds that Trump himself is a racist. Rabbi Shmuel Herzfeld was one of the few and he wrote afterwards:
[And] the laws and teachings of Judaism make it clear that Trump qualifies as wicked. He has equivocated about whether he would disavow support from David Duke and the Ku Klux Klan. He has called for a ban on all Muslims entering the United States. He has suggested that torture be made legal and that the U.S. military kill the families of terrorism suspects (a war crime in international law as surely as it would be an ethical crime in religious law). Sure, he walked back some of those comments, but there is no question that his campaign is inspiring and nourishing the bigots and racists of the world. Lately, he has openly encouraged violence at his rallies. This combination of providing sustenance to racists and encouraging violence is a deadly one that represents an existential threat to our country. That certainly qualifies as wicked.
Before Trump's speech, I asked other attendees at the AIPAC conference whether they would walk out to protest. Some small groups did leave, to study Torah elsewhere during his address. But most stayed, and many applauded. People told me that they wanted to hear what he had to say. They wanted to hear whether he would be supportive of Israel.
Whether he supports Israel is irrelevant to me. If a person inspires bigotry and racism, we should not overlook those character traits just because he says something with which we agree. Just the opposite: that he does agree with us on some issues makes his message even more dangerous, as it can make his bigotry and racism more palatable. 6
Rabbi Herzfeld is correct and I commend him. The jury can no longer be out on Donald Trump. Trump is an unabashed ethnic supremacist and a racist – he ticks all boxes of any definition. Moreover, those who loudly applaud him, whether within the capricious ranks of America's so-called libertarian right, or its more rabid offshoot the Tea Party, or amongst Monday's cheering crowd at AIPAC, thereby condone his racism. To oppose racism, you must denounce Trump.
[But] it is important to note that AIPAC inviting Trump is not an aberration, it is in line with AIPAC's mission to support Israel regardless of how illegal and repressive its policies are.
writes Samantha Brotman from Jewish Voice for Peace in an article entitled "If Trump's Racism Shocks You, So Too Should AIPAC's".
Brotman continues:
The reality is many of the alarming statements and political proposals that have even AIPAC goers up in arms over Trump's participation are already policy in Israel. Israel's Law of Return privileges Jewish immigrants over non-Jews, Israel already refuses to open its doors to Syrian refugees (many of whom are of Palestinian origin), and is building highly militarized walls both on its southern border to keep out migrants and refugees, and throughout the West Bank to seize land and limit Palestinian freedom of movement. There is not much difference between Netanyahu's racist fear-mongering to get votes in the 2015 Israeli election, and the blatant racism of Trump, or the no-less-racist dog-whistling by other candidates. And AIPAC unquestioningly supports Israel's rights to continue these oppressive practices.
She concludes:
If Trump's racism or policy proposals shock us, then so too should AIPAC. If the other candidates' dehumanizing rhetoric about Palestinians makes us uncomfortable, then so too should AIPAC. If the claim that the BDS movement—a nonviolent movement that includes many Jews and emphasizes human rights—is essentially anti-Semitic confounds us, then so too should AIPAC. AIPAC represents everything we should seek to purge from politics: racism, inhumanity, fear-mongering, and entrenched commitment to the status quo. 7
Click here to read the full article published by Mint Press News.
Crying wolf at the ADL
Yoav Shamir is an Israeli Jew and an award-winning documentary filmmaker who set off in the late noughties to answer a nagging question. Having never experienced it, he asked himself, "what is antisemitism today?"
Along the way Shamir posed this same question in various ways to amongst others, political scientist John Mearsheimer, who co-authored The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy, and Norman Finkelstein, the son of two Jewish concentration | |
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"We chose HB in Bay Square because it was the closest British Curriculum nursery to our building and also it was recommended by another mother who had her boy at the nursery. Even though the major reason we moved there was our convenience, we were really surprised to find out that the nursery was amazing! We have our 2 boys there and we are really happy and satisfied with everything! I believe that our kids receive the best they can get for their age at this nursery. Our kids learn to share, to listen, to be part of a team, to use the bathroom etc. The monthly themes are exciting even for us the parents and the kids learn so much…They are so happy to go to the nursery and they leave with a smile every day…The Facebook page with photos of the week is so exciting and me and my husband are anxious to see them every Thursday… The activities offered are very interesting…our boys love soccer and looking forward for the Sunday lesson.. The workshops and parents open days organised throughout the year are also very important and bring the parents and teachers closer… The teachers and all members of staff are awesome, always pleasant and consist of a great team. They give attention to all parents and kids and are always following our instructions and requests. The nursery has really nice layout, a jungle gym and 4 classes for each year group. Our kids love the colours, the toys, the atmosphere and this pleasant environment. Last but not least, the location of the nursery is really good. It is in a lively business area full of cafes, restaurants and corporations. The regular walk organised outside is really nice for our kids and they enjoy it so much. Our kids talk about it every time and they tell us what they see and what they do…This is really important for our kids to breathe fresh air during the good months of Dubai before they are closed back to the air-condition in the hot months. I would definitely recommend the HB at Bay Square because I feel that it is the right place to leave your kids and go to work. It is really suitable for working parents because of its location, the long opening hours, flexibility, catering services and safety. "
"I cannot recommend this amazing nursery enough. My daughter has really flourished and every single staff member is like another mommy to her. They are incredibly loving and caring and completely open about everything that happens – from minor scrapes to how their day was and how they are progressing. ~ Mum at Hummingbird Nursery, Bay Square "
"I would like to thank Hummingbird Nursery for taking care of my newborn, Rafaella (4 months). You provided us with stability, your qualified and well-experienced staff took the time to know us and our child. I would like to thank Grandma, Nurse Mai, Nurse Rona, Ms. Holly and Ms. Jessica for always being extremely helpful, very kind, very caring and patient when answering all my questions. I couldn't have imagined keeping my job without you – Rafaella is as safe at Hummingbird Nursery as she is at home. You are without any doubt the best Nursery in the country. I can't thank you enough for taking care of the most precious person in my heart. We Love you Hummingbird, ~ Parents at Hummingbird Nursery, DIFC. "
"Elly has been at Hummingbird since he was four months old, he smiles every morning when he is picked up by Marites. As a working mother, I feel confident that my child is looked after by trained staff and comforted in knowing that he is happy and learning every day. The management is lovely and a pleasure to deal with. I can highly recommend Hummingbird. "
"Obviously for any parent, finding the right nursery for your child is unsettling, and having sent both my boys to Hummingbird, I know we 100% chose the right one… Being a working mother, the fact that the nursery is in the same building to my office is a huge bonus. It was difficult enough going back to work, but knowing that I could go and visit them, and take them out anytime throughout the day made my return to work so much more bearable. Now, both boys (now aged 1 and 3) are so excited to get to nursery each day – they love it! Their development has come on so much from the great care they receive from each teacher. From walking to talking to potty training to preparing them for school – they are learning new skills and words each day. Thank you Hummingbird for giving my boys a great start in life. "
"I would like to take this opportunity to share with you how pleased I am with the nursery and the provision that is being provided at Hummingbird. Even though Finnley is only there for 2 afternoons per week, I have always felt that the staff know and understand him and are aware of his individual needs. For me as a mum it is really reassuring to know that he is happy and safe when he is there. The staff at all levels are always accommodating and welcoming. I especially appreciate Finnley's teacher telling me if there have been any problems or if he has learned something new when I come to collect him. I really do feel that the nursery works in partnership with the parents. I am delighted with our choice of nursery for Finnley and just wanted to thank your team. "
"I went back to work when my daughter was 4 months old and Hummingbird definitely helped me throughout the transition. At first I was hesitant and thought maybe I don't need to work anymore, but seeing how happy and relaxed my baby is has made me more at ease about it. I love how friendly, professional, and approachable the staff is. I love the exposure my baby is getting and appreciate that she's learning something new every day, socialising and making friends while being in a healthy, safe environment. Thank you Hummingbird for answering all of my questions | |
209 or 210 is air which provides a negligible dielectric loss. Therefore, the coupled line device of FIG. 24 is low in loss.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 25 shows a twenty-fourth embodiment of this invention which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 24 except for design changes indicated hereinafter.
In the embodiment of FIG. 25, a dielectric member 212 is mounted on a dielectric member 202 via bumps 207 in a flip-flop manner. The dielectric member 212 is made of, for example, GaAs. The dielectric member 212 may include a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film.
An overlay conductor 213 is formed on a lower surface of the dielectric member 212. The overlay conductor 213 is located above central conductors 209 and 210. The overlay conductor 213 is spaced from the central conductors 209 and 210 by a predetermined gap. The overlay conductor 213 extends parallel with the central conductors 209 and 210. The overlay conductor 213 may be omitted.
The degree of coupling between a transmission line including the central conductor 209 and a transmission line including the central conductor 210 can be adjusted by varying the position and area of the overlay conductor 213.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 26 shows a twenty-fifth embodiment of this invention which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 25 except for design changes indicated hereinafter. The embodiment of FIG. 26 corresponds to an inversion of the embodiment of FIG. 25.
With reference to FIG. 26, a coupled line device includes a dielectric member 202. The dielectric member 202 is made of, for example, GaAs. The dielectric member 202 may include a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film. An overlay conductor 214 is formed on an upper surface of the dielectric member 202.
A ground conductor or ground plane 218 has a substrate made of electrically-conductive material such as silicon containing impurity at a high concentration. The ground conductor 218 may include a metal layer deposited on a semiconductor substrate. A dielectric film 217 is formed on a lower surface of the ground conductor 218. The dielectric film 217 is made of, for example, GaAs. The dielectric film 217 may include a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film. Central conductors 215 and 216 are formed on the dielectric film 217. A combination of the ground conductor 218, the dielectric film 217, and the central conductors 215 and 216 is mounted on the dielectric member 207 via bumps 207 in a flip-chip manner.
The central conductors 215 and 216 extend parallel with each other. The central conductors 215 and 216 are horizontally spaced from each other by a predetermined gap. The central conductors 215 and 216 are located between the ground conductor 218 and the overlay conductor 214. The central conductors 215 and 216 are spaced from the overlay conductor 214 by a predetermined gap.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TWENTY-SIXTH PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 27 shows a twenty-sixth embodiment of this invention which relates to a device for conversion or coupling between a microstrip line and a slot line.
The device of FIG. 27 includes a dielectric member 202 on which ground conductors 219A and 219B are formed. The ground conductors 219A and 219B are spaced from each other by a slot of a predetermined width. The ground conductors 219A and 219B may be a single conductor having a slot.
A dielectric film 221 is formed on a ground conductor 222. A central conductor 220 is formed on the dielectric film 221. A combination of the ground conductor 222, the dielectric film 221, and the central conductor 220 is mounted on a combination of the dielectric member 202 and the ground conductors 219A and 219B via bumps 207 in a flip-chip manner.
The dielectric-film 221 is separated from the ground conductors 219A and 219B by a predetermined gap corresponding to the height of the bumps 207. The central conductor 220 is located between the ground conductor 222 and a set of the ground conductors 219A and 219B. The central conductor 220 is spaced from the ground conductors 219A and 219B by a predetermined gap. The central conductor 220 is located above the slot between the ground conductors 219A and 219B.
The device of FIG. 27 is fabricated as follows. The ground conductors 219A and 219B are formed on the dielectric member 202. In addition, the bumps 207 are provided on the dielectric member 202 in a way such as to not affect the slot between the ground conductors 219A and 219B. In this way, a combination of the dielectric constant 202, the ground conductors 219A and 219B, and the bumps 207 is made. On the other hand, the dielectric film 221 is formed on the ground conductor 222. The central conductor 220 is formed on the dielectric film 221. In this way, a combination of the ground conductor 222, the dielectric film 221, and the central conductor 220 is made. The combination of the ground conductor 222, the dielectric film 221, and the central conductor 220 is mounted on the combination of the dielectric constant 202, the ground conductors 219A and 219B, and the bumps 207 in a flip-chip manner.
The central conductor 220 and the ground conductor 222 compose a microstrip transmission line in which the central conductor 220 and the ground conductor 222 are separated from each other by the dielectric film 221. The slot or gap between the ground conductors 219A and 219B provides a slot line coupled with the microstrip line.
The degree of coupling between the microstrip line and the slot line can be adjusted by varying the height of the bumps 207 or the angular relation between the central conductor 220 and the slot between the ground conductors 219A and 219B.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 28 shows a twenty-seventh embodiment of this invention which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 27 except for design changes indicated hereinafter. The embodiment of FIG. 28 corresponds to an inversion of the embodiment of FIG. 27. The embodiment of FIG. 28 relates to a device for conversion or coupling between a microstrip line and a slot line.
The device of FIG. 28 includes a dielectric member 202. A ground conductor 201 is formed on a lower surface of the dielectric member 202. A central conductor 223 is formed on an upper surface of the dielectric member 202.
Ground conductors 224A and 224B are formed on a lower surface of a dielectric member 225. The ground conductors 224A and 224B are spaced from each other by a slot of a predetermined width. The ground conductors 224A and 224B may be a single conductor having a slot. A combination of the dielectric member 225 and the ground conductors 224A and 224B is mounted on the dielectric member 202 via bumps 207 in a flip-chip manner.
The ground conductors 224A and 224B are separated from the dielectric member 202 by a predetermined gap corresponding to the height of the bumps 207. The central conductor 223 is located between the ground conductor 201 and a set of the ground conductors 224A and 224B. The central conductor 223 is spaced from the ground conductors 224A and 224B by a predetermined gap. The central conductor 223 is located below the slot between the ground conductors 224A and 224B.
The device of FIG. 28 is fabricated as follows. After a combination of the dielectric member 202 and the ground conductor 201 is made, the central conductor 223 is formed on the dielectric member 202. In addition, the bumps 207 are provided on the dielectric member 202. The bumps 207 are horizontally spaced from the central conductor 223 by a predetermined distance which is chosen so that the bumps 207 and the central conductor 223 can be prevented from | |
of Pangaea.
© The Author(s) 2018
Ronald C. Blakey and Wayne D. RanneyAncient Landscapes of Western North Americahttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59636-5_6
# 6. The Amalgamation of Pangaea and the Sonoma Orogeny: Early Permian to Early Triassic – Ca. 300–240 Ma
Ronald C. Blakey1 and Wayne D. Ranney2
(1)
Carlsbad, CA, USA
(2)
Geology, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
## 6.1 Pangaea
With the amalgamation and assembly of Pangaea in the late Paleozoic, a hypothetical visitor could have traveled entirely by land from the western edge of the supercontinent in Nevada, across Laurentia and the Appalachian crest, to the plains of Eastern Europe, across the Ural Mountains in Russia, and then southward through Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica (Fig. 6.1). The equator now trended from just south of Arizona through Texas, North Carolina, on to Algeria and out to the Paleo-Tethys Sea, a part of the Panthalassa Ocean.
Fig. 6.1
Global view of Pangaea at 300 Ma. Note widespread, extensive mountain ranges in Northern Hemisphere that mark recent continental collisions. Pangaea has two parts, Laurasia to north and Gondwana to south – The Tethys Sea bifurcates the two on the eastern side
Such a landmass had huge repercussions on Earth's climate. Across much of North America during the Pennsylvanian Period, a moister sub-tropical climate prevailed and the great coal deposits of Appalachia were formed. The Permian, however, aridified across much of the Pangaea landmass and resulted in widespread desert sedimentation. The worldwide occurrence of red beds in the Permian attest to this fact – red beds form by an interaction of oxygen with iron-rich minerals in sediment that is deposited in areas with an arid climate. These arid conditions persisted throughout the Cordillera region and continued north into the Hudsons Bay area in northeast Canada. Arid conditions were mitigated by the rain shadow of the Appalachian/Caledonian highlands.
As Pennsylvania mosses died out in the increasingly arid climate, seed-bearing plants called gymnosperms developed in the Permian. Cicadas and beetles also made their first appearance now. Giant-finned Dimetrodon belonging to a large group of reptiles known as synapsids roamed the southern Cordillera with fossil remains coming from New Mexico and west Texas. The larger synapsids went extinct at the end of the Permian, a period when the largest known extinction occurred. Up to 96% of marine animals, including trilobites and bryozoans, and 70% of land animals, disappeared in an event that was likely caused by extreme volcanism in Siberia (the Siberian Traps), a possible meteorite impact, a reduction of shallow marine shelves as sea level dropped rapidly, or a combination of factors. The disappearance of the synapsids created a vacuum in the ecosystem to which some even larger reptiles would soon take advantage of.
## 6.2 The Back-Arc Closes: Sonoman Orogeny
At the beginning of the Permian, the Slide Mountain and Havallah basins were the site of shallow seas lying between island arcs and microcontinents to the west of Laurentia (Table 6.1). These microcontinents were peri-continental terranes, previously attached to the continent in the Antler orogeny, but rifted away as the back-arc basins developed Fig. 6.2). As the Permian marched on, the island arcs and peri-continental terranes docked once again with the continent as the back-arc basins began to close (Fig. 6.3). Subduction resumed as the basins closed and the terranes reattached to Laurentia. This event is known as the Sonoman orogen, taking its name from the Sonoma Mountains in northwestern Nevada, between Winnemucca and Golconda.
Table 6.1
Events 300–240 Ma
Time span | Early Permian to Early Triassic (Ca. 300–240 Ma) Second terrane accretion event and Sonoman orogen
---|---
Geologic – tectonic setting | Broad ocean basins – Slide Mountain to north and Havallah to south began to close in early Permian
Offshore terranes included blocks that were previously accreted to North America during Antler orogen and later rifted away as ocean basins widened
During Permian, these terranes drifted back towards east to approached the west edge of North America
Complex, controversial subduction patterns; some models have subduction zones dipping west and others have them dipping east towards the continent – likely some subduction reversal
Terranes closed and collided with western North America to generate Sonoman orogen. Intervening deep-water sediments of Havallah Ocean were thrust over WNA (Golconda allocothon); this pattern reminiscent of older Antler orogen
As orogen progressed, subduction jumped outboard of the accreted terranes (Sonomia to south and Quesnellia to north) and dipped eastward under North America – McCloud Arc
This fundamental change in tectonic processes laid the foundation for development of the Cordilleran arc
Most major ensuing subduction throughout the Mesozoic and Cenozoic was east-dipping
During Permian, SW NA was truncated by transform fault that transported a large fragment to the SE to become the Caborca terrane of W Sonora MX – distance of movement controversial
Boundary of Western North America | Early in interval, WNA was passive margin separated by ocean crust from terranes to west – width of oceans not well constrained
Following terrane collision, subduction jumped to west under accreted terranes and boundary evolved to subduction zone that dipped under WNA
Offshore fringing arc remained offshore along US portion of margin – McCloud arc
Terranes | Closing of Slide Mountain-Havallah ocean docked several terranes, including some previously docked in Antler orogen
In Canada, there is strong evidence that the accreting terrane doubled back on itself (an oroclinal bend) trapping the Cache Creek Ocean between Quesnell to east and Stikine to west
Some of these terranes were repositioned, mostly via transform movements, during Mesozoic and Cenozoic events
Present locations from S-N: CA – Northern Sierra, Eastern Klamath; NV – Black Rock; OR-WA – Izee; Olds Ferry, Canada – Kootenay, Quesnell, Stikine, Yukon-Tanana
Sedimentation patterns, trends | Craton and craton margin: mixed clastic and carbonate deposits; redbeds and eolian sediments dominate Permian with redbeds grading west into carbonates during Triassic
Thick clastic and carbonate deposits in miogeoclinal basins of ID, UT, and NV
Cordilleran margin: varied, mostly deepwater, commonly chert-rich with volcanic-rich clastics
Cache Creek assemblage: the Cache Creek is a complex trench, accretionary prism, melange, and oceanic sequence that accreted to WNA during and after Sonoman orogen; in Canada, it forms a terrane sandwiched between Quesnell and Stikine terranes
Scattered amongst the various terranes are blocks of shallow water limestone (McCloud Ls of Klamath Mountains), some with Permian fossils exotic to NA
Igneous/metamorphic events | Arc-related volcanism was present throughout much of the Cordillera
Permian and Triassic plutons are present in S CA and adjacent MX
Fig. 6.2
Most of North America at ca. 300 Ma (Pennsylvanian). North America suffered collisions from all sides as Pangaea was assembled. The Slide Mountain Ocean opened as back-arc spreading severed major terranes. Note eolian dune fields across much of Western Interior
Fig. 6.3
Western North America ca. 280 Ma (Early Permian). Slide Mountain and Havallah oceans shrink as subduction reversal returns rifted terranes to North America. Quesnell, Yukon-Tanana, and Stikine at west edge of map will comprise the Intermontane superterrane. Islands to their south, today form various terranes in Sierra Nevada and Klamath regions. Dunes and redbeds blanket much of western North America
During the Sonoma orogeny, the once flat-lying deposits of the Havallah basin were greatly compressed, folded and deformed. As one can imagine, a frustrating yet ultimately rewarding aspect of doing field geology in areas that are highly deformed is the need to "undo" the effects of these deformation events. This permits an understanding of the original orientation and position of an exotic terrane. Today the Havallah carbonate rocks are much deformed, faulted and smashed, and that deformation had to be "looked through" to understand their originally quiet origins in the Havallah basin. The Havallah rocks were shoved over Laurentia on the back of the Golconda thrust fault. An additional exotic terrane was located west of Sonoma and is known as the McCloud arc, but its volcanic arc rocks would remain offshore of Laurentia until accretion later in the Jurassic.
A key point to note in these musings about exotic terranes is | |
Design Studio (Three) Three
BA Architecture
Tutors: Constance Lau and Stephen Harty
Constance Lau practices and teaches architecture in London and Singapore. The studio's research interests in multiple interpretations and narratives are explored through the techniques of montage as well as notions of allegory. Narrative as an ongoing dialogue in architectural design is further articulated through projects in the book Dialogical Designs (2016).
Stephen Harty is an architect and director of Harty and Harty.
Sweet Disorder and the Carefully Careless, Montage and the Picturesque
The arguments for cultural sustainability take onboard learning from history in order for existing knowledge to be preserved and adapted. These include social conditions that have evolved from political, economical and cultural shifts and in this instance have brought about new architectural typologies. The acquisition of plants during the eighteenth-and-nineteenth-centuries generated and established different ways to present, represent, discuss and engage with aspects of nature. These included the conception of greenhouses, museums and galleries that were exemplified in works of architecture in Kew Gardens, 1759 and the Natural History Museum, 1881.[1] Consequently this integration of education and entertainment was articulated through design strategies where the landscape and architectural features were co-dependent. The adherence to particular instructions and design approaches resulted in aesthetic pleasures referred to as the picturesque.
In the picturesque, the search for an idealised vision of nature spearheaded the argument that works of art can be appreciated solely for their objective qualities and hence irregular features like broken lines, irregular forms as well as the play of light and shade were important characteristics.[2] This expression of 'carefully careless' resulted in attempts to orchestrate nature through different framing techniques. In the practice of architecture this idea of discovering beauty solely created by nature was manifested through the construction of foregrounds, middlegrounds and backgrounds to enable a sequential montage composed of separate visual and tactile user experiences.[3] This notion of an architectural promenade by means of a narrative created through routes, viewpoints, architectural objects, and landscaping will be explored, updated and expanded upon in the work.[4] Hence the argument that the recording and recounting of history is not a liner process and all views expressed are interpretations of selected research material is important.
A montage of experiences composed from fragments and entireties enables the creation of different user interpretations. The techniques of montage as a spatial device in this instance can also be regarded as the precursor to Bernard Tschumi's development of the architectural 'stage-set' to contain the collision of events, users, spaces and movements in The Manhattan Transcripts (1981). Hence the idea of 'sweet disorder and the carefully careless' concerns the layering and integration of ideas from the picturesque and the urban strategies expounded in the Transcripts to generate different readings and meanings of nature within the current context. These will form the key ideas for the ensuing design proposals.
semester one: The Marianne North Salon
The Natural History Museum, London, and especially Alfred Waterhouse's 1881 building is also referred to as 'A Cathedral of Nature'.[5] The Museum formed part of a masterplan of education and cultural sites and this idea concerning the study of nature and natural history through observation not only acknowledged nature as an entity that can be displaced and contained, but (re)represented through paintings and drawings.[6] These new and different manners of presentation are especially evident in the botanical illustrations adorning the Hintze Hall.[7]
Similarly, the paintings of the nineteenth-century botanical artist and biologist Marianne North served as a global record of exotic plants during the Victorian era. Her scientifically accurate depictions of nature as occurring and including the immediate contexts were of biological importance at that time and led to many scientific discoveries.[8] These paintings are now exhibited in the Marianne North Gallery, 1882 in Kew Gardens, a building she bequeathed, oversaw the design for, and personally embellished. At present this space not only still contains the work of a single artist but more importantly, the paintings have remained in their original positions since the Gallery was conceived.
A select collection of North's paintings will be bequeathed to the Natural History Museum, and a salon is deemed the most appropriate type of space to accommodate the works.[9] Through ongoing discussions, new arrangements and exhibitions the idea of nature as a static narrative, represented in a fixed manner is challenged. The new architecture celebrates the imaginative dialogue of the paintings, embodies North's innovative spirit and serves to reflect upon the validity of this approach to the study of natural history.
semester two: The Urban Pleasure Garden
While nature and ideas concerning natural history were mainly approached as displaced exhibits previously, the architectural proposals in semester 2 will explore nature as nature intended, through acknowledging site-specific weather conditions in addition to the historical boundaries of Waterhouse's building, as well as the implications and allusions to Albertopolis.
1The idea of a gallery or museum as a leisure space as opposed to a learning and teaching space has been raised by Walter Benjamin who 'saw the art museum in the mid-nineteenth century as simply one of many dream spaces, experienced and traversed by an observer no differently from arcades, botanical gardens, wax museums, casinos, railway stations and department stores'.[10]
The definition of leisure as an organized establishment was suitably reflected in the eighteenth-century Pleasure Gardens which were exquisitely landscaped parks where different and far-ranging forms of activities from theatres, operas, rides to menageries were available for purposes of entertainment and social interaction. More importantly, these places also served as showcases for the latest innovations in art and architecture.[11] Hence the user experience resulting from this cluster of seemingly unrelated activities with different visual and tactile boundaries contained within a said enclosure is of key interest and the notion of perambulation will be furthered to include vertical movement in this instance.
The architectural design proposal for an Urban Pleasure Garden will occupy the current phase I site of the Darwin Centre, inclusive of the Tsunami Memorial courtyard. This vertical iteration will encompass existing functions interwoven among new facilities to generate new user and spatial configurations that are deemed appropriate for an Urban Pleasure Garden in this century. Once again, the techniques of montage as a spatial device, ideas concerning the picturesque where landscape and building(s) are co-dependent, as well as critical arguments raised in The Manhattan Transcripts will be appropriated for the design proposal in this particular urban context. Hence your architectural explorations and spatial manifestations concerning 'sweet disorder and the carefully careless' will response to the public and private user, accommodate round the clock activities and most importantly, contribute a modern architectural definition of nature and/or natural history through issues of site, authorship, conservation and presentation of the subject matter. Exploring notions of site, science-fiction and sustainability, the translation of research material into architecture encourages history to be (re)presented and take on its own relevance in this present day.
[1] The fulfilment of the desire to 'chart and to collect' was in many parts due to the 'vastness and diversity of the colonial realm.' Darran Andersen, 'The Men of a Million Lies, or How We Imagine the World', in Imaginary Cities (London: Influx Press, 2015), p. 26. Also refer to the 'Imperial Federation Map of the World' showing the extent of the British Empire in 1886. Lastly, the Palm and Temperate Houses in Kew Gardens are good examples of the points being made in this instance.
[2] The advent and initial discussions concerning the picturesque is credited to William Gilpin. This movement in part challenged the ideologies of the established Grand Tour that prioritised symmetry and perfect proportions. Celebrated painters of this movement include Claude Lorraine and Gaspard Poussin.
[3] This concept is succinctly described in Eisenstein's 'Montage and Architecture', by means of Auguste Choisy's Histoire de l'Architecture, 1899, discussion concerning the buildings of |