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validation_images/image_1100.png | In this food chain, the midge larva is a consumer. Why? | [
"It eats another living thing.",
"It makes its own food."
] | 0 | natural science | Every living thing needs food to stay alive. Living things get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other living things. Consumers cannot make their own food. | In this food chain, the midge larva is a consumer because it eats another living thing. The midge larva in this food chain eats the diatom. | Every living thing needs food to stay alive. Living things get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other living things. Consumers cannot make their own food.
In this food chain, the midge larva is a consumer because it eats another living thing. The midge larva in this food chain eats the diatom. | It eats another living thing. | c7365c7f9236448eab801a07ca89dc51 |
validation_images/image_1101.png | Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Mississippi",
"North Carolina",
"Florida",
"Utah"
] | 3 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Utah is farthest north. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Utah is farthest north. | Utah | acbb58daff4f49c9ae12a662cbab7ac6 |
validation_images/image_1102.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller. | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller.
The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1. | 53d2a694ac82463ba219ff4d6e75bcb6 |
validation_images/image_1103.png | Which i in column 2? | [
"the grocery store",
"the library",
"the park",
"the gas station"
] | 1 | social science | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. | The library is in column 2. | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers.
The library is in column 2. | the library | 49eb57f359bb4f58a81b95bd68c46219 |
validation_images/image_1104.png | Look at the picture. Which word best describes how this lemon tastes? | [
"buttery",
"sweet",
"sour"
] | 2 | language science | When you write, you can use sensory details. These sense words help your reader understand what something looks, sounds, tastes, smells, or feels like.
Sensory Category | Description
Sight | These are words like bright, clean, and purple. A reader can imagine looking at these details.
Sound | These are words like hissing, buzzing, and ringing. A reader can imagine hearing these details.
Taste | These are words like juicy, sweet, and burnt. A reader can imagine tasting these details.
Smell | These are words like fruity, sweet, and stinky. A reader can imagine smelling these details.
Touch | These are words like fuzzy, wet, and soft. A reader can imagine feeling these details.
Many sense words can describe more than one sense. For example, soft can describe a touch or a sound. And sweet can describe a taste or a smell.
| Look at the picture.
The word sour describes how this lemon tastes. You can tell by looking at the girl's face.
Sweet and buttery can also describe how something tastes. But they do not describe this lemon. | When you write, you can use sensory details. These sense words help your reader understand what something looks, sounds, tastes, smells, or feels like.
Sensory Category | Description
Sight | These are words like bright, clean, and purple. A reader can imagine looking at these details.
Sound | These are words like hissing, buzzing, and ringing. A reader can imagine hearing these details.
Taste | These are words like juicy, sweet, and burnt. A reader can imagine tasting these details.
Smell | These are words like fruity, sweet, and stinky. A reader can imagine smelling these details.
Touch | These are words like fuzzy, wet, and soft. A reader can imagine feeling these details.
Many sense words can describe more than one sense. For example, soft can describe a touch or a sound. And sweet can describe a taste or a smell.
Look at the picture.
The word sour describes how this lemon tastes. You can tell by looking at the girl's face.
Sweet and buttery can also describe how something tastes. But they do not describe this lemon. | sour | 68b9038294c749e28bbf94838de44e48 |
validation_images/image_1105.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 0 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature. | sample B | 2681686615ff420ca2f4c61df30e811f |
validation_images/image_1106.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 2 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more blue particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of blue particles. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more blue particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of blue particles. | Solution B | 0b1f04a0f5284e79aa9ae66aa6a8d88e |
validation_images/image_1107.png | Which of these continents does the equator intersect? | [
"South America",
"Antarctica",
"Australia"
] | 0 | social science | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there.
Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator.
Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles.
The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W.
Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place. | The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects South America. It does not intersect Australia or Antarctica. | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there.
Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator.
Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles.
The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W.
Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place.
The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects South America. It does not intersect Australia or Antarctica. | South America | eed7b41fbc904d18aa9678a1526b68d6 |
validation_images/image_1108.png | Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Rhode Island",
"West Virginia",
"South Dakota",
"Idaho"
] | 1 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. West Virginia is farthest south. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. West Virginia is farthest south. | West Virginia | 12875797a0d44c23b6713d4443606070 |
validation_images/image_1109.png | Which property matches this object? | [
"salty",
"sweet"
] | 1 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The grape juice is not salty.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The grape juice is sweet. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Look at the object.
Think about each property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The grape juice is not salty.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The grape juice is sweet. | sweet | cfb40cc7120c46718e43c90c5e368f64 |
validation_images/image_1110.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 3 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Southern Ocean.
The Southern Ocean reaches from the shores of Antarctica to 60° South latitude. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Southern Ocean.
The Southern Ocean reaches from the shores of Antarctica to 60° South latitude. | the Southern Ocean | 370a28fefafe437a8b775610763e6dd5 |
validation_images/image_1111.png | Which animal is also adapted for flight? | [
"European mole",
"Arctic tern"
] | 1 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly. | Look at the picture of the flying fox.
The flying fox has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight. Long, powerful wings help the flying fox travel long distances by air.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Arctic tern has long, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight.
The European mole has short legs. It is not adapted for flight. The European mole uses its legs for crawling. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.
Look at the picture of the flying fox.
The flying fox has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight. Long, powerful wings help the flying fox travel long distances by air.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Arctic tern has long, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight.
The European mole has short legs. It is not adapted for flight. The European mole uses its legs for crawling. | Arctic tern | ae501e2e6cee46d29781caa3e1228189 |
validation_images/image_1112.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S.
If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
| Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S.
If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | fbd259fb3a3f43b9b4483481930373be |
validation_images/image_1113.png | What type of rock is granite? | [
"igneous",
"sedimentary"
] | 0 | natural science | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is changed by heating and squeezing. This type of change often occurs deep below Earth's surface. Over time, the old rock becomes a new rock with different properties. | Granite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock is a hot, thick liquid. As melted rock cools, solid mineral grains begin to form. When the melted rock becomes solid, it forms igneous rock. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is changed by heating and squeezing. This type of change often occurs deep below Earth's surface. Over time, the old rock becomes a new rock with different properties.
Granite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock is a hot, thick liquid. As melted rock cools, solid mineral grains begin to form. When the melted rock becomes solid, it forms igneous rock. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. | igneous | 04677b9145cb44db9feda4573bd15d29 |
validation_images/image_1114.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
Both poles of each magnet line up with both poles of the other magnet. The north pole of each magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
Both poles of each magnet line up with both poles of the other magnet. The north pole of each magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | 22ceda6b68ba42d6a5c62db10f492740 |
validation_images/image_1115.png | Which animal's feet are also adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces? | [
"Madagascar day gecko",
"domestic cat"
] | 0 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur might help an animal walk on cold, snowy ground. | Look at the picture of the tiger-striped leaf frog.
The tiger-striped leaf frog has wide, sticky toes. Its feet are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. The tiger-striped leaf frog uses its toes to walk on the smooth surfaces of leaves without slipping.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Madagascar day gecko has wide, sticky toes. Its feet are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces.
The domestic cat has furry toes and sharp claws. Its feet are not adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur might help an animal walk on cold, snowy ground.
Look at the picture of the tiger-striped leaf frog.
The tiger-striped leaf frog has wide, sticky toes. Its feet are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. The tiger-striped leaf frog uses its toes to walk on the smooth surfaces of leaves without slipping.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Madagascar day gecko has wide, sticky toes. Its feet are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces.
The domestic cat has furry toes and sharp claws. Its feet are not adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. | Madagascar day gecko | 60417c30d0854ffc9f3e29ec05ac84d1 |
validation_images/image_1116.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 0 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more pink particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of pink particles. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more pink particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of pink particles. | Solution B | ed3177f674fe40fcb3e9afb9c7df4724 |
validation_images/image_1117.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1.",
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2."
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | 4e0d44ef20fb4cb6b8ce2c4c28e94a79 |
validation_images/image_1118.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 0 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy.
Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy.
Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature. | neither; the samples have the same temperature | 6eb13a7fe6894d8f9a57b6c9277794d0 |
validation_images/image_1119.png | Which property matches this object? | [
"scratchy",
"shiny"
] | 0 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The wool sweater is scratchy.
A shiny object reflects a lot of light. The wool sweater is not shiny. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The wool sweater is scratchy.
A shiny object reflects a lot of light. The wool sweater is not shiny. | scratchy | a671e9ac101b4dcbbeb134dd8496fccf |
validation_images/image_1120.png | Which i in row B? | [
"the restaurant",
"the police department",
"the library",
"the grocery store"
] | 2 | social science | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. | The library is in row B. | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers.
The library is in row B. | the library | 70c777a90c414f5e93f0ecbaa8e40e2d |
validation_images/image_1121.png | Select the organism in the same genus as the jungle cat. | [
"Neofelis nebulosa",
"Lynx pardinus",
"Felis nigripes"
] | 2 | natural science | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
| A jungle cat's scientific name is Felis chaus. The first word of its scientific name is Felis.
Felis nigripes is in the genus Felis. The first word of its scientific name is Felis. So, Felis nigripes and Felis chaus are in the same genus.
Neofelis nebulosa is in the genus Neofelis. The first word of its scientific name is Neofelis. So, Neofelis nebulosa and Felis chaus are not in the same genus.
Lynx pardinus is in the genus Lynx. The first word of its scientific name is Lynx. So, Lynx pardinus and Felis chaus are not in the same genus. | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
A jungle cat's scientific name is Felis chaus. The first word of its scientific name is Felis.
Felis nigripes is in the genus Felis. The first word of its scientific name is Felis. So, Felis nigripes and Felis chaus are in the same genus.
Neofelis nebulosa is in the genus Neofelis. The first word of its scientific name is Neofelis. So, Neofelis nebulosa and Felis chaus are not in the same genus.
Lynx pardinus is in the genus Lynx. The first word of its scientific name is Lynx. So, Lynx pardinus and Felis chaus are not in the same genus. | Felis nigripes | 2bbfe139768d45c78a734748710004d1 |
validation_images/image_1122.png | During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"each salmon . . . the surroundings",
"the surroundings . . . each salmon"
] | 1 | natural science | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings. | The temperature of each salmon increased, which means that the thermal energy of each salmon increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each salmon. | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings.
The temperature of each salmon increased, which means that the thermal energy of each salmon increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each salmon. | the surroundings . . . each salmon | 7adb566420ac426dba461342c58d3226 |
validation_images/image_1123.png | What type of rock is rhyolite? | [
"sedimentary",
"igneous"
] | 1 | natural science | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is changed by heating and squeezing. This type of change often occurs deep below Earth's surface. Over time, the old rock becomes a new rock with different properties. | Rhyolite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock is a hot, thick liquid. As melted rock cools, solid mineral grains begin to form. When the melted rock becomes solid, it forms igneous rock. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is changed by heating and squeezing. This type of change often occurs deep below Earth's surface. Over time, the old rock becomes a new rock with different properties.
Rhyolite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock is a hot, thick liquid. As melted rock cools, solid mineral grains begin to form. When the melted rock becomes solid, it forms igneous rock. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. | igneous | 05ae8f071707419ea8fa21b3287b64bf |
validation_images/image_1124.png | Which animal's legs are also adapted for wading? | [
"satin bowerbird",
"gray heron"
] | 1 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly. | Look at the picture of the painted stork.
Long legs help the painted stork keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The gray heron has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapted for wading.
The satin bowerbird has short legs. Its legs are not adapted for wading. The satin bowerbird uses its legs to walk and perch. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.
Look at the picture of the painted stork.
Long legs help the painted stork keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The gray heron has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapted for wading.
The satin bowerbird has short legs. Its legs are not adapted for wading. The satin bowerbird uses its legs to walk and perch. | gray heron | ab4c013e09224395bf3c2b11cfa66fe1 |
validation_images/image_1125.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | 4790cfa777914368907ea922e172c281 |
validation_images/image_1126.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 0 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | sample A | 2739b0a06eb04e4ba4ebd18f10e28aea |
validation_images/image_1127.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2."
] | 2 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller. | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2. | 3eed67ea53ed467bbcae061e4d49e0d6 |
validation_images/image_1128.png | Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Asia",
"Africa",
"Antarctica",
"South America"
] | 0 | social science | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Asia. | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
This continent is Asia. | Asia | c9ecae8fc3364a779606af721a79a63e |
validation_images/image_1129.png | Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Wisconsin",
"Kansas",
"Montana",
"New Jersey"
] | 1 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Kansas is farthest south. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Kansas is farthest south. | Kansas | cfdd10d733084e4784713929ca6c19d5 |
validation_images/image_1130.png | Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Neptune is less than 75% of the volume of Uranus. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 0 | natural science | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 75% of the volume of Uranus by multiplying its volume by 0.75.
Then compare the result to the volume of Neptune. The volume of Neptune is 62,530 billion km^3, which is more than 51,248 billion km^3. So, the volume of Neptune is more than 75% of the volume of Uranus. | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 75% of the volume of Uranus by multiplying its volume by 0.75.
Then compare the result to the volume of Neptune. The volume of Neptune is 62,530 billion km^3, which is more than 51,248 billion km^3. So, the volume of Neptune is more than 75% of the volume of Uranus. | false | 10e5f71702114c819d4503936ca987c2 |
validation_images/image_1131.png | Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"New York",
"Tennessee",
"Ohio",
"California"
] | 0 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. New York is farthest east. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. New York is farthest east. | New York | b57742a71bc640eba383d8e4b233f84c |
validation_images/image_1132.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1. | b180d516b71544cebe264be45ede40f8 |
validation_images/image_1133.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
| To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | 95cba2653ef948b29697379459c66254 |
validation_images/image_1134.png | Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad? | [
"ethos (character)",
"logos (reason)",
"pathos (emotion)"
] | 2 | language science | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following:
say that a brand has been trusted for many years
note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity
include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values
Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following:
use graphs or charts to display information
mention the results of scientific studies
explain the science behind a product or service
Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following:
trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment
appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive
link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury | The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion. It appeals to a desire to stand out and be noticed. | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following:
say that a brand has been trusted for many years
note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity
include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values
Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following:
use graphs or charts to display information
mention the results of scientific studies
explain the science behind a product or service
Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following:
trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment
appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive
link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury
The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion. It appeals to a desire to stand out and be noticed. | pathos (emotion) | a6e38067ffb24ff3a3a0f0228a6c4457 |
validation_images/image_1135.png | Which property matches this object? | [
"bouncy",
"blue"
] | 0 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The spring is bouncy.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The spring is not blue. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The spring is bouncy.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The spring is not blue. | bouncy | d9ca48a2ba7848d5b4d6d2baceed879b |
validation_images/image_1136.png | Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"rough",
"fuzzy",
"sticky"
] | 1 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. All three objects are fuzzy.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. None of the objects are rough.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. None of the objects are sticky.
The property that all three objects have in common is fuzzy. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. All three objects are fuzzy.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. None of the objects are rough.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. None of the objects are sticky.
The property that all three objects have in common is fuzzy. | fuzzy | 4ec4d36a692747d7a9e82f56e8f9cd2a |
validation_images/image_1137.png | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | natural science | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. | Read the passage carefully.
The Gulf Coast of Florida is known for its white sand beaches. The area also experiences strong winds each year during the summer hurricane season.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns on the Gulf Coast. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
Read the passage carefully.
The Gulf Coast of Florida is known for its white sand beaches. The area also experiences strong winds each year during the summer hurricane season.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns on the Gulf Coast. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | climate | a4835ab26430476dac695c2ed7106a17 |
validation_images/image_1138.png | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | natural science | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. | Read the passage carefully.
Lake Bunyonyi is located in the African country of Uganda. The wind speed on the lake averages about five miles per hour year-round.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns on Lake Bunyonyi. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
Read the passage carefully.
Lake Bunyonyi is located in the African country of Uganda. The wind speed on the lake averages about five miles per hour year-round.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns on Lake Bunyonyi. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | climate | 618775867f164c23a85fbf6515df62c9 |
validation_images/image_1139.png | Is a rag doll a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | natural science | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a liquid, it takes the shape of its container.
Think about pouring a liquid from a cup into a bottle. The shape of the liquid is different in the cup than in the bottle. But the liquid still takes up the same amount of space.
Juice is a liquid. Honey is also a liquid.
When matter is a gas, it spreads out to fill a space.
Many gases are invisible. So, you can’t see them. Air is a gas. | A rag doll is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
When you hold a rag doll in your hands, the rag doll still has a size and shape of its own. | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a liquid, it takes the shape of its container.
Think about pouring a liquid from a cup into a bottle. The shape of the liquid is different in the cup than in the bottle. But the liquid still takes up the same amount of space.
Juice is a liquid. Honey is also a liquid.
When matter is a gas, it spreads out to fill a space.
Many gases are invisible. So, you can’t see them. Air is a gas.
A rag doll is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
When you hold a rag doll in your hands, the rag doll still has a size and shape of its own. | a solid | 7b1b277d5070479e87bef17da234356f |
validation_images/image_1140.png | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | natural science | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. | Read the passage carefully.
Yorkshire Dales is a National Park in England. The prevailing winds tend to come from the west. As a result, some of the trees in the park grow at an angle.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns in Yorkshire Dales. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
Read the passage carefully.
Yorkshire Dales is a National Park in England. The prevailing winds tend to come from the west. As a result, some of the trees in the park grow at an angle.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns in Yorkshire Dales. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | climate | 46a10da919874be08d57a408db0ca5fb |
validation_images/image_1141.png | What is the direction of this push? | [
"toward the man's thumb",
"away from the man's thumb"
] | 1 | natural science | One object can make another object move with a push or a pull.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The man quickly pushes the coin away from his thumb to flip it into the air. The direction of the push is away from the man's thumb. | One object can make another object move with a push or a pull.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling.
The man quickly pushes the coin away from his thumb to flip it into the air. The direction of the push is away from the man's thumb. | away from the man's thumb | e79bbc1275644e039a2dfc5b8a14e595 |
validation_images/image_1142.png | Which statement describes the Eastern Siberian Taiga ecosystem? | [
"It has soil that is frozen year-round.",
"It has mostly small plants.",
"It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers."
] | 2 | natural science | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there | A taiga is a type of ecosystem. Taigas have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, the following statement describes the Eastern Siberian Taiga ecosystem: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers. The following statements do not describe the Eastern Siberian Taiga: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has soil that is frozen year-round. It has mostly small plants. | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there
A taiga is a type of ecosystem. Taigas have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, the following statement describes the Eastern Siberian Taiga ecosystem: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers. The following statements do not describe the Eastern Siberian Taiga: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. It has soil that is frozen year-round. It has mostly small plants. | It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers. | 84268d054c844c7e9ed8ef38fb110ef3 |
validation_images/image_1143.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 0 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Indian Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Indian Ocean. | the Indian Ocean | 196b019058894aa197c127f2f457985b |
validation_images/image_1144.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2."
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1. | ff1d335d650e4c748e4ec39c6bf487e4 |
validation_images/image_1145.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 1 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | sample A | 6e48d22136e54bd1bc5e98a1fa73552b |
validation_images/image_1146.png | Is wool a mineral? | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | natural science | Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties:
It is a solid.
It is formed in nature.
It is not made by organisms.
It is a pure substance.
It has a fixed crystal structure.
If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral.
Look closely at the last three properties:
A mineral is not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories cannot be minerals.
A mineral is a pure substance.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. All minerals are pure substances.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
| Wool does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, wool is not a mineral. | Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties:
It is a solid.
It is formed in nature.
It is not made by organisms.
It is a pure substance.
It has a fixed crystal structure.
If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral.
Look closely at the last three properties:
A mineral is not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories cannot be minerals.
A mineral is a pure substance.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. All minerals are pure substances.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
Wool does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, wool is not a mineral. | no | 22f77fc4452f492a9167790917112c1b |
validation_images/image_1147.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 1 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | sample A | cf9d37ef13df4688bb3059c94972da75 |
validation_images/image_1148.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution A",
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 1 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of green particles. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution B has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of green particles. | Solution B | 64a3cdc6cb4b4bd681dfad594ae0e4a2 |
validation_images/image_1149.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 2 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy.
Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy.
Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature. | neither; the samples have the same temperature | f00c7d035dc34ca481586345303f30ac |
validation_images/image_1150.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
| To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | attract | d49b18584532453e8db8fb3fb3a00f1b |
validation_images/image_1151.png | Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"bouncy",
"sticky"
] | 1 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A sticky object can stick to other things. Both objects are sticky.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. Neither of the objects are bouncy.
The property that both objects have in common is sticky. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A sticky object can stick to other things. Both objects are sticky.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. Neither of the objects are bouncy.
The property that both objects have in common is sticky. | sticky | 067d9b81ad404c7f897daf1026ae290f |
validation_images/image_1152.png | Is gabbro a mineral or a rock? | [
"rock",
"mineral"
] | 0 | natural science | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different! | The properties of gabbro match the properties of a rock. So, gabbro is a rock. | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!
The properties of gabbro match the properties of a rock. So, gabbro is a rock. | rock | 58c1525e094e47f3969852cc9793a5fe |
validation_images/image_1153.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean"
] | 1 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Arctic Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Arctic Ocean. | the Arctic Ocean | da2a109d34924f39b22ae03eef19e59e |
validation_images/image_1154.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | attract | acf1ff6fb23b4b0a9f45462f1d8af79f |
validation_images/image_1155.png | Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Saturn's volume is more than 50% of Jupiter's volume. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | natural science | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 50% of Jupiter's volume by multiplying Jupiter's volume by 0.5.
Then compare the result to the volume of Saturn. The volume of Saturn is 827,130 billion km^3, which is more than 715,640 billion km^3. So, Saturn's volume is more than 50% of Jupiter's volume. | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 50% of Jupiter's volume by multiplying Jupiter's volume by 0.5.
Then compare the result to the volume of Saturn. The volume of Saturn is 827,130 billion km^3, which is more than 715,640 billion km^3. So, Saturn's volume is more than 50% of Jupiter's volume. | true | 47324c175bb846889fc1022613b82b21 |
validation_images/image_1156.png | Which is this organism's scientific name? | [
"Ginglymostoma cirratum",
"nurse shark"
] | 0 | natural science | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca. | Ginglymostoma cirratum is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Ginglymostoma cirratum is the scientific name. | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.
Ginglymostoma cirratum is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Ginglymostoma cirratum is the scientific name. | Ginglymostoma cirratum | de1d276d3e3348ea93ec2c3d7d5cc277 |
validation_images/image_1157.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2."
] | 2 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when there is a smaller distance between the magnets. | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater.
There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when there is a smaller distance between the magnets.
Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater.
There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2. | 83a56391d8fa47c6862487ce6df17328 |
validation_images/image_1158.png | Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"salty",
"sour",
"fuzzy"
] | 1 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The green apple and the lime are not salty.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. The green apple and the lime are not fuzzy.
A lemon has a sour taste. All three objects are sour.
The property that all three objects have in common is sour. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The green apple and the lime are not salty.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. The green apple and the lime are not fuzzy.
A lemon has a sour taste. All three objects are sour.
The property that all three objects have in common is sour. | sour | 4c05b783792048e3b84ed8796846fccc |
validation_images/image_1159.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B",
"sample A"
] | 2 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | sample A | 899f7b1c24af44978c5d57b5e99bcaed |
validation_images/image_1160.png | Which statement describes the Sahara Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has many different types of organisms.",
"It has warm, wet summers."
] | 0 | natural science | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there | A hot desert is a type of ecosystem. Hot deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. So, the following statements describe the Sahara Desert ecosystem: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. It has many different types of organisms. It has a small amount of rain. The following statement does not describe the Sahara Desert: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. It has warm, wet summers. | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there
A hot desert is a type of ecosystem. Hot deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. So, the following statements describe the Sahara Desert ecosystem: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. It has many different types of organisms. It has a small amount of rain. The following statement does not describe the Sahara Desert: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. It has warm, wet summers. | It has many different types of organisms. | 2a12586b413e443b9ea8a391a2b79a17 |
validation_images/image_1161.png | Select the mammal below. | [
"gorilla",
"goldfish"
] | 0 | natural science | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A gorilla is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Gorillas live in groups called troops. The largest male in the troop is usually the leader.
A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Goldfish are popular as pets in many countries today. They were first kept as pets by people in ancient China. | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
A gorilla is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Gorillas live in groups called troops. The largest male in the troop is usually the leader.
A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Goldfish are popular as pets in many countries today. They were first kept as pets by people in ancient China. | gorilla | 4057a899194d4bbea11036f3bfe36260 |
validation_images/image_1162.png | During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each cake",
"each cake . . . the surroundings"
] | 1 | natural science | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings. | The temperature of each cake decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each cake decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each cake to the surroundings. | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings.
The temperature of each cake decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each cake decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each cake to the surroundings. | each cake . . . the surroundings | 62fd0e2e5c864d8ebb3d2c8c9f78ec4b |
validation_images/image_1163.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 1 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature. | sample A | dffbfccc06aa476e8cbe546f38b9b131 |
validation_images/image_1164.png | Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the right than to the left",
"to the left than to the right"
] | 1 | natural science | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of solute particles becomes equal throughout the solution. When this happens, the solute particles reach equilibrium. At equilibrium, the solute particles do not stop moving. But their concentration throughout the solution stays the same.
Membranes, or thin boundaries, can divide solutions into parts. A membrane is permeable to a solute when particles of the solute can pass through gaps in the membrane. In this case, solute particles can move freely across the membrane from one side to the other.
So, for the solute particles to reach equilibrium, more particles will move across a permeable membrane from the side with a higher concentration of solute particles to the side with a lower concentration. At equilibrium, the concentration on both sides of the membrane is equal. | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 3 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 7 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 5 solute particles on each side of the membrane. There were 2 more solute particles on the left side of the membrane than before.
So, for the solute particles to reach equilibrium, more solute particles must have moved across the membrane to the left than to the right. | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of solute particles becomes equal throughout the solution. When this happens, the solute particles reach equilibrium. At equilibrium, the solute particles do not stop moving. But their concentration throughout the solution stays the same.
Membranes, or thin boundaries, can divide solutions into parts. A membrane is permeable to a solute when particles of the solute can pass through gaps in the membrane. In this case, solute particles can move freely across the membrane from one side to the other.
So, for the solute particles to reach equilibrium, more particles will move across a permeable membrane from the side with a higher concentration of solute particles to the side with a lower concentration. At equilibrium, the concentration on both sides of the membrane is equal.
Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 3 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 7 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 5 solute particles on each side of the membrane. There were 2 more solute particles on the left side of the membrane than before.
So, for the solute particles to reach equilibrium, more solute particles must have moved across the membrane to the left than to the right. | to the left than to the right | 229d0f1def8f438c9ee1e9b063175cef |
validation_images/image_1165.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 0 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Arctic Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Arctic Ocean. | the Arctic Ocean | b5dccbbc811e49b5b5fcbf263d6cd863 |
validation_images/image_1166.png | Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Oregon",
"Mississippi",
"Arizona",
"Texas"
] | 0 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest north. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest north. | Oregon | 4a47c768a9d64a889acb51373cf24250 |
validation_images/image_1167.png | Which animal's feet are also adapted for grabbing prey? | [
"New Zealand falcon",
"pronghorn"
] | 0 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur might help an animal walk on cold, snowy ground. | Look at the picture of the white-tailed eagle.
The white-tailed eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the white-tailed eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The New Zealand falcon has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey.
The pronghorn has hoofed feet. Its feet are not adapted for grabbing prey. The pronghorn uses its feet to walk and run on hard ground. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur might help an animal walk on cold, snowy ground.
Look at the picture of the white-tailed eagle.
The white-tailed eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the white-tailed eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The New Zealand falcon has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey.
The pronghorn has hoofed feet. Its feet are not adapted for grabbing prey. The pronghorn uses its feet to walk and run on hard ground. | New Zealand falcon | 3cc42aece28248d980fa30524969a860 |
validation_images/image_1168.png | Based on the table, who invented the Super Soaker? | [
"Ernő Rubik",
"Lonnie Johnson"
] | 1 | language science | A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. | In a table, each cell gives information related to its row and column. This table shows the inventors of some popular toys.
Look in the Toy column and find Super Soaker. Then, follow that row to the left to see who the Inventor was. The left column tells you that Lonnie Johnson invented the Super Soaker. | A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing.
In a table, each cell gives information related to its row and column. This table shows the inventors of some popular toys.
Look in the Toy column and find Super Soaker. Then, follow that row to the left to see who the Inventor was. The left column tells you that Lonnie Johnson invented the Super Soaker. | Lonnie Johnson | 0de47d4603474f1897a7ffdd831cf496 |
validation_images/image_1169.png | Complete the sentence.
The rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge formed at a () boundary. | [
"transform",
"convergent",
"divergent"
] | 2 | natural science | The outer layer of Earth is broken up into many pieces called tectonic plates, or simply plates. The breaks between plates are called plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are classified by the way the plates are moving relative to each other:
At a transform boundary, two plates are sliding past each other.
At a convergent boundary, two plates are moving toward each other.
At a divergent boundary, two plates are moving away from each other.
divergent plate boundary
When plates at a divergent boundary move apart, cracks form in the crust along the boundary. Melted rock rises from below the crust to fill these cracks. As the melted rock cools and hardens, it becomes new oceanic crust.
Newer oceanic crust weighs less than older oceanic crust. So, the crust on either side of the boundary rises up higher than the older crust that is farther from the boundary. This difference in elevation creates a mid-ocean ridge, or underwater mountain chain. Between the two plates, there may be a deep rift valley. | To figure out what type of plate boundary formed the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge, you need to know how the tectonic plates interacted. To find this out, read the passage carefully.
The Knipovich Ridge and its rift valley mark the northernmost mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean. This mid-ocean ridge and rift valley are the result of the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate moving away from each other.
There are several volcanoes in the rift valley, as well as cracks in the crust called hydrothermal vents. At these vents, cold ocean water sinks into the crust, is heated by hot magma, and rises back to the surface. The heated ocean water can reach temperatures up to 700 degrees Fahrenheit!
The underlined part of the passage explains that the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge formed as the two plates moved away from each other, or diverged. So, the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge formed at a divergent boundary. | The outer layer of Earth is broken up into many pieces called tectonic plates, or simply plates. The breaks between plates are called plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are classified by the way the plates are moving relative to each other:
At a transform boundary, two plates are sliding past each other.
At a convergent boundary, two plates are moving toward each other.
At a divergent boundary, two plates are moving away from each other.
divergent plate boundary
When plates at a divergent boundary move apart, cracks form in the crust along the boundary. Melted rock rises from below the crust to fill these cracks. As the melted rock cools and hardens, it becomes new oceanic crust.
Newer oceanic crust weighs less than older oceanic crust. So, the crust on either side of the boundary rises up higher than the older crust that is farther from the boundary. This difference in elevation creates a mid-ocean ridge, or underwater mountain chain. Between the two plates, there may be a deep rift valley.
To figure out what type of plate boundary formed the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge, you need to know how the tectonic plates interacted. To find this out, read the passage carefully.
The Knipovich Ridge and its rift valley mark the northernmost mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean. This mid-ocean ridge and rift valley are the result of the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate moving away from each other.
There are several volcanoes in the rift valley, as well as cracks in the crust called hydrothermal vents. At these vents, cold ocean water sinks into the crust, is heated by hot magma, and rises back to the surface. The heated ocean water can reach temperatures up to 700 degrees Fahrenheit!
The underlined part of the passage explains that the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge formed as the two plates moved away from each other, or diverged. So, the rift valley along the Knipovich Ridge formed at a divergent boundary. | divergent | 91475098a37f46988223dca0f6375982 |
validation_images/image_1170.png | Which material are these coins made of? | [
"metal",
"wood"
] | 0 | natural science | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. | Look at the picture of the coins.
The coins are made of metal.
Different coins are made of different types of metal. One of the metals used to make nickels is actually called nickel! | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Look at the picture of the coins.
The coins are made of metal.
Different coins are made of different types of metal. One of the metals used to make nickels is actually called nickel! | metal | b9c1d68d1fb245849ce1e832c8c27733 |
validation_images/image_1171.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | b37b0ae7bf38469b94f122fafbc342cb |
validation_images/image_1172.png | Which animal's neck is also adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still? | [
"painted stork",
"mallard"
] | 0 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's neck is one example of an adaptation. Animals' necks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large frilled neck might help an animal appear dangerous to its predators. A long neck might help an animal get food from tall trees. | Look at the picture of the black-headed heron.
The black-headed heron has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. This allows the black-headed heron to grab the prey without scaring it away.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The painted stork has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still.
The mallard has a short neck. Its neck is not adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's neck is one example of an adaptation. Animals' necks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large frilled neck might help an animal appear dangerous to its predators. A long neck might help an animal get food from tall trees.
Look at the picture of the black-headed heron.
The black-headed heron has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. This allows the black-headed heron to grab the prey without scaring it away.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The painted stork has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still.
The mallard has a short neck. Its neck is not adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. | painted stork | 348de02e44b54d84a149901d0f267906 |
validation_images/image_1173.png | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 2 | natural science | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature. | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature. | sample B | 10016e9c0f144131a70d5125f8bd02d0 |
validation_images/image_1174.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | 29796780f33940bf9dc234a40b4e2d9f |
validation_images/image_1175.png | Is graphite a mineral or a rock? | [
"rock",
"mineral"
] | 1 | natural science | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different! | Graphite has all the properties of a mineral. So, graphite is a mineral. | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!
Graphite has all the properties of a mineral. So, graphite is a mineral. | mineral | 255534b6ac7d41ceb8594ec9b7fb8024 |
validation_images/image_1176.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 1 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of green particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of green particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | neither; their concentrations are the same | 02c78ca0b59f4686b4d941476a61b643 |
validation_images/image_1177.png | Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"Vermont",
"Rhode Island",
"South Dakota",
"Washington"
] | 3 | social science | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Washington is farthest west. | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Washington is farthest west. | Washington | 5db196e659964ecea5e6bd6e0dddafe6 |
validation_images/image_1178.png | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
| To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S.
If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract.
If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | repel | 408c018f56584172bbde819671a43453 |
validation_images/image_1179.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | f7ab5a7b8aa345959f72ac2342aea63a |
validation_images/image_1180.png | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | natural science | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | e40ee978b7f44ad3a39097ab808ed693 |
validation_images/image_1181.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 2 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Indian Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Indian Ocean. | the Indian Ocean | 33bc7f38d95a4ad0a5d3ad004b376a8d |
validation_images/image_1182.png | Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Europe",
"Australia",
"Africa",
"Antarctica"
] | 1 | social science | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Australia. | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
This continent is Australia. | Australia | 617ac098c4934ed19cadd29fc5501b41 |
validation_images/image_1183.png | Which of the following organisms is the decomposer in this food web? | [
"parasitic jaeger",
"snowy owl",
"mushroom"
] | 2 | natural science | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web. | Decomposers help break down dead organisms into simpler matter, such as nutrients. These nutrients can then help plants and other organisms grow. In a food web, there is an arrow pointing from another organism to a decomposer. There are no arrows pointing from a decomposer to another organism.
The parasitic jaeger has an arrow pointing from it. So, the parasitic jaeger is not a decomposer.
The earthworm does not have arrows pointing from it to other organisms. So, the earthworm is a decomposer.
The mushroom does not have arrows pointing from it to other organisms. So, the mushroom is a decomposer.
The snowy owl has an arrow pointing from it. So, the snowy owl is not a decomposer. | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
Arrows show how matter moves.
A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
Decomposers help break down dead organisms into simpler matter, such as nutrients. These nutrients can then help plants and other organisms grow. In a food web, there is an arrow pointing from another organism to a decomposer. There are no arrows pointing from a decomposer to another organism.
The parasitic jaeger has an arrow pointing from it. So, the parasitic jaeger is not a decomposer.
The earthworm does not have arrows pointing from it to other organisms. So, the earthworm is a decomposer.
The mushroom does not have arrows pointing from it to other organisms. So, the mushroom is a decomposer.
The snowy owl has an arrow pointing from it. So, the snowy owl is not a decomposer. | mushroom | 00c5066e33b44d36abababb7b91e0cfc |
validation_images/image_1184.png | Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert? | [
"horned viper",
"polar bear"
] | 0 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators. | Look at the picture of the thorny devil.
The thorny devil has a yellow-and-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The horned viper has sand-colored scales covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.
The polar bear has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.
Look at the picture of the thorny devil.
The thorny devil has a yellow-and-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The horned viper has sand-colored scales covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.
The polar bear has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. | horned viper | a2d54db2fafd444ba0a26b5f59753124 |
validation_images/image_1185.png | What is the expected ratio of offspring with dumbo ears to offspring with normal ears? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"0:4",
"1:3",
"3:1",
"2:2",
"4:0"
] | 1 | natural science | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
| To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with dumbo ears or normal ears, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the ear type trait. The question tells you that the e allele, which is for dumbo ears, is recessive to the E allele, which is for normal ears.
Dumbo ears is the recessive allele's version of the ear type trait. A rat with the recessive version of the ear type trait must have only recessive alleles for the ear type gene. So, offspring with dumbo ears must have the genotype ee.
There is 1 box in the Punnett square with the genotype ee. This box is highlighted below.
Normal ears is the dominant allele's version of the ear type trait. A rat with the dominant version of the ear type trait must have at least one dominant allele for the ear type gene. So, offspring with normal ears must have the genotype EE or Ee.
There are 3 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype EE or Ee. These boxes are highlighted below.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with dumbo ears to offspring with normal ears is 1:3. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 1 offspring with dumbo ears for every 3 offspring with normal ears. | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with dumbo ears or normal ears, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the ear type trait. The question tells you that the e allele, which is for dumbo ears, is recessive to the E allele, which is for normal ears.
Dumbo ears is the recessive allele's version of the ear type trait. A rat with the recessive version of the ear type trait must have only recessive alleles for the ear type gene. So, offspring with dumbo ears must have the genotype ee.
There is 1 box in the Punnett square with the genotype ee. This box is highlighted below.
Normal ears is the dominant allele's version of the ear type trait. A rat with the dominant version of the ear type trait must have at least one dominant allele for the ear type gene. So, offspring with normal ears must have the genotype EE or Ee.
There are 3 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype EE or Ee. These boxes are highlighted below.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with dumbo ears to offspring with normal ears is 1:3. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 1 offspring with dumbo ears for every 3 offspring with normal ears. | 1:3 | 26bea15928274ad5b3f0fecf86d0f0d4 |
validation_images/image_1186.png | Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
There are twice as many ice planets as rocky planets. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 0 | natural science | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | The table tells you that there are two ice planets and four rocky planets. So, there are half as many ice planets as rocky planets. | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The table tells you that there are two ice planets and four rocky planets. So, there are half as many ice planets as rocky planets. | false | 3ac7b7277de941749ec69cb9625d3710 |
validation_images/image_1187.png | Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers? | [
"bufflehead",
"violet sabrewing"
] | 1 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. A short, thick beak might help a bird break through a seed's hard shell. Birds that eat similar food often have similar beaks. | Look at the picture of the broad-tailed hummingbird.
The broad-tailed hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The broad-tailed hummingbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The violet sabrewing has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
The bufflehead has a wide, flat beak. Its beak is not adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The bufflehead uses its beak to eat plants and invertebrates that live in mud. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. A short, thick beak might help a bird break through a seed's hard shell. Birds that eat similar food often have similar beaks.
Look at the picture of the broad-tailed hummingbird.
The broad-tailed hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The broad-tailed hummingbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The violet sabrewing has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
The bufflehead has a wide, flat beak. Its beak is not adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The bufflehead uses its beak to eat plants and invertebrates that live in mud. | violet sabrewing | fafd9c73fd5f4b089c25310e5946f083 |
validation_images/image_1188.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"Solution A",
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 2 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of pink particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of pink particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | neither; their concentrations are the same | d3bf502298114867865dac9db00ff36b |
validation_images/image_1189.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean"
] | 2 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Indian Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Indian Ocean. | the Indian Ocean | 7a9ce7aad5f846208810e613e38cde38 |
validation_images/image_1190.png | Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"salty",
"scratchy",
"sweet"
] | 2 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Sugar has a sweet taste. All three objects are sweet.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The pineapple is scratchy, but the cake batter and the jello are not.
Potato chips have a salty taste. None of the objects are salty.
The property that all three objects have in common is sweet. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Sugar has a sweet taste. All three objects are sweet.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The pineapple is scratchy, but the cake batter and the jello are not.
Potato chips have a salty taste. None of the objects are salty.
The property that all three objects have in common is sweet. | sweet | 0e141d6ab7ae41cea79f5e939fbf3b8c |
validation_images/image_1191.png | Which better describes the Tibetan Plateau ecosystem? | [
"It has long, cold winters. It also has mostly small plants.",
"It has long, cold winters. It also has many evergreen trees."
] | 0 | natural science | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there | A tundra is a type of ecosystem. Tundras have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cold summers, soil that is frozen year-round, and mostly small plants. So, the Tibetan Plateau has long, cold winters. It also has mostly small plants. | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there
A tundra is a type of ecosystem. Tundras have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cold summers, soil that is frozen year-round, and mostly small plants. So, the Tibetan Plateau has long, cold winters. It also has mostly small plants. | It has long, cold winters. It also has mostly small plants. | c6c22664bf0347e09b97a00488074e14 |
validation_images/image_1192.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 2 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per milliliter.
Solution A has more purple particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of purple particles. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per milliliter.
Solution A has more purple particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of purple particles. | Solution A | b3b832534b3548ba890a214d36dd09f9 |
validation_images/image_1193.png | Which animal's neck is also adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still? | [
"blue-footed booby",
"saddle-billed stork"
] | 1 | natural science | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's neck is one example of an adaptation. Animals' necks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large frilled neck might help an animal appear dangerous to its predators. A long neck might help an animal get food from tall trees. | Look at the picture of the great blue heron.
The great blue heron has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. This allows the great blue heron to grab the prey without scaring it away.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The saddle-billed stork has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still.
The blue-footed booby has a short neck. Its neck is not adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's neck is one example of an adaptation. Animals' necks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large frilled neck might help an animal appear dangerous to its predators. A long neck might help an animal get food from tall trees.
Look at the picture of the great blue heron.
The great blue heron has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. This allows the great blue heron to grab the prey without scaring it away.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The saddle-billed stork has a long neck. Its neck is adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still.
The blue-footed booby has a short neck. Its neck is not adapted for hunting prey while keeping the rest of its body still. | saddle-billed stork | fa9393896e6a4ed09635d7ee3f9cc7b2 |
validation_images/image_1194.png | What is the expected ratio of offspring with red eyes to offspring with brown eyes? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"1:3",
"2:2",
"4:0",
"0:4",
"3:1"
] | 2 | natural science | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
| To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with red eyes or brown eyes, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the eye color trait. The question tells you that the e allele, which is for red eyes, is recessive to the E allele, which is for brown eyes.
Red eyes is the recessive allele's version of the eye color trait. A guinea pig with the recessive version of the eye color trait must have only recessive alleles for the eye color gene. So, offspring with red eyes must have the genotype ee.
All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype ee.
Brown eyes is the dominant allele's version of the eye color trait. A guinea pig with the dominant version of the eye color trait must have at least one dominant allele for the eye color gene. So, offspring with brown eyes must have the genotype EE or Ee.
There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype EE or Ee.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with red eyes to offspring with brown eyes is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with red eyes. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with brown eyes. | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait.
If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait.
A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type.
For example, consider the Punnett square below.
| F | f
F | FF | Ff
f | Ff | ff
There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with red eyes or brown eyes, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the eye color trait. The question tells you that the e allele, which is for red eyes, is recessive to the E allele, which is for brown eyes.
Red eyes is the recessive allele's version of the eye color trait. A guinea pig with the recessive version of the eye color trait must have only recessive alleles for the eye color gene. So, offspring with red eyes must have the genotype ee.
All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype ee.
Brown eyes is the dominant allele's version of the eye color trait. A guinea pig with the dominant version of the eye color trait must have at least one dominant allele for the eye color gene. So, offspring with brown eyes must have the genotype EE or Ee.
There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype EE or Ee.
So, the expected ratio of offspring with red eyes to offspring with brown eyes is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with red eyes. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with brown eyes. | 4:0 | 6ba541a36a7e4901a4db2035b87d4b37 |
validation_images/image_1195.png | Select the organism in the same genus as the great blue heron. | [
"Ardea alba",
"Ictinia mississippiensis",
"Phoebastria nigripes"
] | 0 | natural science | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
| A great blue heron's scientific name is Ardea herodias. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea.
Ardea alba is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea alba and Ardea herodias are in the same genus.
Phoebastria nigripes is in the genus Phoebastria. The first word of its scientific name is Phoebastria. So, Phoebastria nigripes and Ardea herodias are not in the same genus.
Ictinia mississippiensis is in the genus Ictinia. The first word of its scientific name is Ictinia. So, Ictinia mississippiensis and Ardea herodias are not in the same genus. | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus.
Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus.
Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.
A great blue heron's scientific name is Ardea herodias. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea.
Ardea alba is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea alba and Ardea herodias are in the same genus.
Phoebastria nigripes is in the genus Phoebastria. The first word of its scientific name is Phoebastria. So, Phoebastria nigripes and Ardea herodias are not in the same genus.
Ictinia mississippiensis is in the genus Ictinia. The first word of its scientific name is Ictinia. So, Ictinia mississippiensis and Ardea herodias are not in the same genus. | Ardea alba | 8674681d530f4ff19b916afb384a0c79 |
validation_images/image_1196.png | Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 0 | natural science | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of green particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of green particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same. | neither; their concentrations are the same | e69ef8c908e64e83b574c156bec404ca |
validation_images/image_1197.png | In this experiment, which were part of an experimental group? | [
"the roses that were not sprayed",
"the roses sprayed with garlic juice"
] | 1 | natural science | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question with the following experiment:
You grow one group of pea plants in soil with fertilizer and measure the height of the plants. This group shows you what happens when fertilizer is added to soil. Since fertilizer is the variable whose effect you are investigating, this group is an experimental group.
You grow another group of pea plants in soil without fertilizer and measure the height of the plants. Since this group shows you what happens when fertilizer is not added to the soil, it is a control group.
By comparing the results from the experimental group to the results from the control group, you can conclude whether adding fertilizer to the soil affects pea plant height. | In this experiment, Emmy investigated whether spraying roses with garlic juice affects how many crown gall tumors form. So, the roses sprayed with garlic juice were part of an experimental group.
The roses that were not sprayed did not get garlic juice. So, they were not part of an experimental group. | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question with the following experiment:
You grow one group of pea plants in soil with fertilizer and measure the height of the plants. This group shows you what happens when fertilizer is added to soil. Since fertilizer is the variable whose effect you are investigating, this group is an experimental group.
You grow another group of pea plants in soil without fertilizer and measure the height of the plants. Since this group shows you what happens when fertilizer is not added to the soil, it is a control group.
By comparing the results from the experimental group to the results from the control group, you can conclude whether adding fertilizer to the soil affects pea plant height.
In this experiment, Emmy investigated whether spraying roses with garlic juice affects how many crown gall tumors form. So, the roses sprayed with garlic juice were part of an experimental group.
The roses that were not sprayed did not get garlic juice. So, they were not part of an experimental group. | the roses sprayed with garlic juice | 96f659a2d94842388fa0b648e467666c |
validation_images/image_1198.png | Which property matches this object? | [
"hard",
"soft"
] | 1 | natural science | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A hard object keeps its shape when you squeeze it. The feather is not hard.
A soft object changes shape when you squeeze it. The feather is soft. | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A hard object keeps its shape when you squeeze it. The feather is not hard.
A soft object changes shape when you squeeze it. The feather is soft. | soft | b28451f4d8d745b0bb53d14bc63410e0 |
validation_images/image_1199.png | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean"
] | 0 | social science | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Arctic Ocean. | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Arctic Ocean. | the Arctic Ocean | 6451fd0b086c44c6b12a8db99d4f594c |