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solv-int/9512005
Rinat Kashaev
R.M. Kashaev
On Discrete 3-Dimensional Equations Associated with the Local Yang-Baxter Relation
10 pages, LaTeX, no figures
null
10.1007/BF01815521
ENSLAPP-L-569/95
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The local Yang-Baxter equation (YBE), introduced by Maillet and Nijhoff, is a proper generalization to 3 dimensions of the zero curvature relation. Recently, Korepanov has constructed an infinite set of integrable 3-dimensional lattice models, and has related them to solutions to the local YBE. The simplest Korepanov's model is related to the star-triangle relation in the Ising model. In this paper the corresponding discrete equation is derived. In the continuous limit it leads to a differential 3d equation, which is symmetric with respect to all permutations of the three coordinates. A similar analysis of the star-triangle transformation in electric networks leads to the discrete bilinear equation of Miwa, associated with the BKP hierarchy. Some related operator solutions to the tetrahedron equation are also constructed.
2009-10-28
solv-int/9512006
Costas Efthimiou
S. A. Apikyan and C. J. Efthimiou
Integrable Models of the CFT on Hyper-Elliptic Surfaces
Postscript file available at http://www.tau.ac.il/~costas/papers/HES-2.ps; revised version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett. B383 (1996) 397-402
10.1016/0370-2693(96)00666-1
Tel Aviv University Preprint TAUP 2308-95
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
In this letter, we continue the work we started at a previous paper and we propose new series of integrable models in quantum field theory. These models are obtained as perturbed models of the minimal conformal field theories on the hyper-elliptic surfaces by particular relevant operators of the untwisted sector. The quantum group symmetry of the models is also discussed.
2009-10-28
solv-int/9512007
Juri Suris
Yu.B.Suris (University of Bremen, Germany)
Discrete time Bogoyavlensky lattices
22 pages, LaTeX, revised version (the third lattice discretized now!)
J. Math. Phys., 1996, V. 37, p. 3982-3996.
10.1063/1.531611
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Discretizations of the Bogoyavlensky lattices are introduced, belonging to the same hierarchies as the continuous--time systems. The construction exemplifies the general scheme for integrable discretization of systems on Lie algebras with $r$--matrix Poisson brackets. An initial value problem for the difference equations is solved in terms of a factorization problem in a group. Interpolating Hamiltonian flow is found.
2009-10-28
solv-int/9512008
Henrik Aratyn
H. Aratyn, E. Nissimov and S. Pacheva
Constrained KP Hierarchies: Darboux-B\"acklund Solutions and Additional Symmetries
LaTeX, 15 pgs, To be published in Proceedings of the second Summer Workshop, Razlog/Bulgaria, Aug-Sept 1995
null
null
INRNE-TH/95-15, UICHEP-TH/95-14
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
We illustrate the basic notions of {\em additional non-isospectral symmetries} and their interplay with the discrete {\em \DB transformations} of integrable systems at the instance of {\em constrained Kadomtsev-Petviashvili} (\cKP) integrable hierarchies. As a main application we present the solution of discrete multi-matrix string models in terms of Wronskian $\t$-functions of graded $SL(m,1)$ \cKP hierarchies.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9601001
Jose Carlos Brunelli P.
J. C. Brunelli
Hamiltonian Structures for the Generalized Dispersionless KdV Hierarchy
16 pages, plain TeX
Rev.Math.Phys. 8 (1996) 1041-1054
10.1142/S0129055X96000378
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
We study from a Hamiltonian point of view the generalized dispersionless KdV hierarchy of equations. From the so called dispersionless Lax representation of these equations we obtain three compatible Hamiltonian structures. The second and third Hamiltonian structures are calculated directly from the r-matrix approach. Since the third structure is not related recursively with the first two ones the generalized dispersionless KdV hierarchy can be characterized as a truly tri-Hamiltonian system.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9601002
Manuel Manas
F. Guil, M. Ma\~nas
The Three-Wave Resonant Interaction: Deformation of the Plane-Wave Solutions and Darboux Transformations
16 pages, AMSLaTeX
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The plane wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction in the plane are considered. It is shown that rank-one constraints over the right derivatives of invertible operators on an arbitrary linear space gives solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction that can be understood as a Darboux transformation of the plane wave solutions. The method is extended further to obtain general Darboux transformations: for any solution of the three-wave interaction problem and vector solutions of the corresponding Lax pair large families of new solutions, expressed in terms of Grammian type determinants of these vector solutions, are given.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9601003
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma and Benno Fuchssteiner (University of Paderborn)
The Bi-Hamiltonian Structure of the Perturbation Equations of KdV Hierarchy
9 pages, Latex, submitted to Phys. Lett. A
null
10.1016/0375-9601(96)00112-0
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The bi-Hamiltonian structure is established for the perturbation equations of KdV hierarchy and thus the perturbation equations themselves provide also examples among typical soliton equations. Besides, a more general bi-Hamiltonian integrable hierarchy is proposed and a remark is given for a generalization of the resulting perturbation equations to $1+2$ dimensions.
2015-06-26
solv-int/9601004
Michio Jimbo
M. Jimbo, H. Sakai, A. Ramani and B. Grammaticos
Bilinear structure and Schlesinger transforms of the $q$-P$_{\rm III}$ and $q$-P$_{\rm VI}$ equations
10 pages, Plain TeX
null
10.1016/0375-9601(96)00336-2
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We show that the recently derived ($q$-) discrete form of the Painlev\'e VI equation can be related to the discrete P$_{\rm III}$, in particular if one uses the full freedom in the implementation of the singularity confinement criterion. This observation is used here in order to derive the bilinear forms and the Schlesinger transformations of both $q$-P$_{\rm III}$ and $q$-P$_{\rm VI}$.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9601005
Leon Jerome
M. Boiti, J. Leon, F. Pempinelli, (Physique Mathematique et Theorique, CNRS, F-34095 MONTPELLIER)
Nonlinear Discrete Systems with Nonanalytic Dispersion Relations
RevTex file, to appear in Journ. Math. Phys
null
10.1063/1.531542
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A discrete system of coupled waves (with nonanalytic dispersion relation) is derived in the context of the spectral transform theory for the Ablowitz Ladik spectral problem (discrete version of the Zakharov-Shabat system). This 3-wave evolution problem is a discrete version of the stimulated Raman scattering equations, and it is shown to be solvable for arbitrary boundary value of the two radiation fields and initial value of the medium state. The spectral transform is constructed on the basis of the D-bar approach.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9601006
Ron Perline
Ron Perline (Drexel University)
Localized Induction Hierarchy and Weingarten Systems
AMSTeX file (10 pages) with one Postscript graphic; submitted to Physics Letters A
null
10.1016/0375-9601(96)00513-0
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We describe a method of constructing Weingarten systems of triply orthogonal coordinates, related to the localized induction equation hierarchy of integrable geometric evolution equations
2009-10-30
solv-int/9602001
Harold Widom
Harold Widom (University of California, Santa Cruz)
Some Classes of Solutions to the Toda Lattice Hierarchy
LaTeX file, 18 pages. Results generalized and applications to the Toda equations added
Commun.Math.Phys. 184 (1997) 653-667
10.1007/s002200050078
null
solv-int hep-th math.FA nlin.SI
null
We apply an analogue of the Zakharov-Shabat dressing method to obtain infinite matrix solutions to the Toda lattice hierarchy. Using an operator transformation we convert some of these into solutions in terms of integral operators and Fredholm determinants. Others are converted into a class of operator solutions to the $l$-periodic Toda hierarchy.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9602002
J. C. de Gier
Jan de Gier, Bernard Nienhuis (University of Amsterdam)
Exact Solution of an Octagonal Random Tiling Model
4 pages,3 Postscript figures, uses revtex
Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 2918-2921
10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.2918
ITFA 95-24
solv-int cond-mat hep-th nlin.SI
null
We consider the two-dimensional random tiling model introduced by Cockayne, i.e. the ensemble of all possible coverings of the plane without gaps or overlaps with squares and various hexagons. At the appropriate relative densities the correlations have eight-fold rotational symmetry. We reformulate the model in terms of a random tiling ensemble with identical rectangles and isosceles triangles. The partition function of this model can be calculated by diagonalizing a transfer matrix using the Bethe Ansatz (BA). The BA equations can be solved providing {\em exact} values of the entropy and elastic constants.
2011-11-29
solv-int/9603001
John Harnad
M.R. Adams, J. Harnad, and J. Hurtubise
Darboux Coordinates on Coadjoint Orbits of Lie Algebras
AMSTeX 16pgs
Lett.Math.Phys. 40 (1997) 41-57
null
CRM 2338 (1996)
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
The method of constructing spectral Darboux coordinates on finite dimensional coadjoint orbits in duals of loop algebras is applied to the one pole case, where the orbit is identified with a coadjoint orbit in the dual of a finite dimensional Lie algebra. The constructions are carried out explicitly when the Lie algebra is $\frak{sl}(2,\bold R),\ \frak{sl}(3, \bold R),$ and $\frak{so}(3, \bold R)$, and for rank two orbits in $\frak{so}(n, \bold R)$. A new feature that appears is the possibility of identifying spectral Darboux coordinates associated to ``dynamical" choices of sections of the associated eigenvector line bundles; i.e. sections that depend on the point within the given orbit.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9603002
Basile Grammaticos
Y. Ohta, A. Ramani, B. Grammaticos and K.M. Tamizhmani
From Discrete to Continuous Painlev\'e Equations: A Bilinear Approach
9 pages, plainTeX
null
10.1016/0375-9601(96)00292-7
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We present the bilinear forms of the (continuous) Painlev\'e equations obtained from the continuous limit of the analogous expresssions for the discrete ones. The advantage of this method is that it leads to very symmetrical results. A new and interesting result is the bilinearization of the P$_{\rm VI}$ equation, something that was missing till now.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603003
Basile Grammaticos
B. Grammaticos, Y. Ohta, A. Ramani, D. Takahashi and K.M. Tamizhmani
Cellular Automata and Ultra-Discrete Painlev\'e Equations
8 pages, plainTeX, 2 figures
null
10.1016/S0375-9601(96)00934-6
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Starting from integrable cellular automata we present a novel form of Painlev\'e equations. These equations are discrete in both the independent variable and the dependent one. We show that they capture the essence of the behavior of the Painlev\'e equations organizing themselves into a coalescence cascade and possessing special solutions. A necessary condition for the integrability of cellular automata is also presented.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603004
V. Z. Enolskii
Victor Enolskii (Institute of Magnetism, Kiev ) and Mario Salerno (University of Salerno )
Lax representation for two--particle dynamics splitting on two tori
9 pages, LaTeX
null
10.1088/0305-4470/29/17/002
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Lax representation in terms of $2\times 2$ matrices is constructed for a separable multiply--periodic system splitting on two tori. Hyperelliptic Kleinian functions and their reduction to elliptic functions are used.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603005
V. Z. Enolskii
Victor Buchstaber (Research Institute of Physico-Technical and Radio-Technical Measurements, VNIIFTRI, Mendeleevo), Victor Enolskii and Dmitri Leykin (NASU Institute of Magnetism, Kiev )
Hyperelliptic Kleinian functions and applications
24 pages, AMSLaTeX2e
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We develop the theory of hyperelliptic Kleinian functions. As applications we consider construction of the explicit matrix realization of the hyperelliptic Kummer varieties, differential operators to have the hyperelliptic curve as spectral variety, solution of the KdV equations by Kleinian functions.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9603006
V. Kuznetsov
F.W. Nijhoff, V.B. Kuznetsov, E.K. Sklyanin and O. Ragnisco
Dynamical r-matrix for the elliptic Ruijsenaars-Schneider system
14 pages, LaTex, equations.sty, no figures, comment on explicit non-relativistic limit is added
J.Phys. A29 (1996) L333-L340
10.1088/0305-4470/29/13/005
University of Leeds, March 1996
solv-int hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
The classical r-matrix structure for the generic elliptic Ruijsenaars-Schneider model is presented. It makes the integrability of this model as well as of its discrete-time version that was constructed in a recent paper manifest.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603007
null
Mario Salerno (Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy)
The Hubbard model on a complete graph: Exact Analytical results
Email:SALERNO@csied.unisa.it
Z. Phys. B 99 (1996) 469
10.1007/s002570050064
null
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
We derive the analytical expression of the ground state of the Hubbard model with unconstrained hopping at half filling and for arbitrary lattice sites.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603008
null
Mario Salerno (Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Salerno)
Ferromagnetic ground states of the Hubbard model on a complete graph
latex file
Z. Phys. B 101 (1996) 619
10.1007/s002570050254
null
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
We use group theory to derive the exact analytical expression of the ferromagnetic ground states of the Hubbard model on a complete graph for arbitrary lattice sites f and for arbitrary fillings $N$. We find that for $t>0$ and for $N=f+1$ the ground state is maximally ferromagnetic with total spin $S=(f-1)/2$. For $N > f+1$ the ground state is still ferromagnetic but becomes degenerate with respect to $S$.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603009
null
Mario Salerno (Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy)
SO(4) invariant basis functions for strongly correlated Fermi systems
salerno@csied.unisa.it
Phys. Lett. A 217(1996)269
10.1016/0375-9601(96)00338-6
null
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
We show how to construct SO(4) invariant functions for strongly correlated Fermi systems on lattices of finite sizes. We illustrate the method on the case of the 1D Hubbard chain with four and with six sites.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9603010
Benzion Shklyar
B. Shklyar (Dept. of Math., Bar-Ilan Univ.,Ramat Gan, Israel)
Approximate Controlability by Control Constraints for Infinite Dimensional Systems
12 pages, LaTeX
null
null
bimacs-96
solv-int nlin.SI
null
For linear infinite systems the approximate controllability problem by control constraints is considered. Controllability conditions represented via system parameters are obtained. Partial differential control systems and control systems with delays are considered as an example.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9603011
null
Yuri B. Suris (University of Bremen)
Elliptic Ruijsenaars-Schneider and Calogero-Moser hierarchies are governed by the same r-matrix
null
Phys. Lett. A225, 1997, p. 253-262.
10.1016/S0375-9601(96)00897-3
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We demonstrate that in a certain gauge the elliptic Ruijsenaars--Schneider models admit Lax representation governed by the same dynamical $r$--matrix as their non--relativistic counterparts (Calogero--Moser models). This phenomenon was previously observed for the rational and hyperbolic models.
2015-06-26
solv-int/9603012
Ken Umeno
Ken Umeno (Brain Information Processing Group of RIKEN)
Non-perturbative non-integrability of non-homogeneous nonlinear lattices induced by non-resonance hypothesis
Latex, 21 pages, to appear in Physica D (1996), ps.Z file available at http://www.bip.riken.go.jp/irl/chaosken/reulam.ps.Z
Physica D94(1996)116-134.
10.1016/0167-2789(96)88314-X
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We prove the non-integrability (non-existence of additional analytic conserved quantities other than Hamiltonian) for Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) lattices by virtue of Lyapunov-Kovalevskaya- -Ziglin-Yoshida's monodromy method about the variational equations. The key to this analysis is that the normal variational equations along a certain solution happen to be in a type of Lam\'e equations. We also introduce the classification problem towards non-homogeneous nonlinear lattices including FPU lattices using non-integrability preserving transformation.
2015-06-26
solv-int/9604001
Hsien-chung Kao
Hsien-chung Kao, Shih-Chang Lee, and Wen-Jer Tzeng
Farey Tree and the Frenkel-Kontorova Model
9 pages, uses Revtex.
null
10.1103/PhysRevE.55.2628
null
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
We solved the Frenkel-Kontorova model with the potential $V(u)= -\frac{1}{2} |\lambda|(u-{\rm Int}[u]-\frac{1}{2})^2$ exactly. For given $|\lambda|$, there exists a positive integer $q_c$ such that for almost all values of the tensile force $\sigma$, the winding number $\omega$ of the ground state configuration is a rational number in the $q_c$-th level Farey tree. For fixed $\omega=p/q$, there is a critical $\lambda_c$ when a first order phase transition occurs. This phase transition can be understood as the dissociation of a large molecule into two smaller ones in a manner dictated by the Farey tree. A kind of ``commensurate-incommensurate'' transition occurs at critical values of $\sigma$ when two sizes of molecules co-exist. ``Soliton'' in the usual sense does not exist but induces a transformation of one size of molecules into the other.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9604002
A. M. Carroll
Daniel Stubbs (University of Western Ontario)
Analytic Structure of the Landau-Ginzburg Equation in 2+1 Dimensions
6 pages, LaTeX, submitted to the Journal of Mathematical Physics
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper, two methods are employed to investigate for which values of the parameters, if any, the two-dimensional real Landau-Ginzburg equation possesses the Painleve property. For an ordinary differential equation to have the Painleve property all of its solutions must be meromorphic but for partial differential equations there are two inequivalent definitions, one a direct investigation of a Laurent series expansion and the other indirect and relying on a knowledge of the continuous symmetry group of the equation. We check both methods for the Landau-Ginzburg equation in 2+1 dimensions and each one yields that this equation does not possess the Painleve property for any values of the parameters.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9604003
null
E. Alfinito, M. Leo, R. A. Leo, M. Palese and G. Soliani
Algebraic properties of the 1+1 dimensional Heisenberg spin field model
Tex file, 10 pages
Lett. Math. Phys., {\bf 32}, 241 (1994)
10.1007/BF00750666
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The Estabrook-Wahlquist prolongation method is applied to the (compact and noncompact) continuous isotropic Heisenberg model in 1 + 1 dimensions. Using a special realization (an algebra of the Kac-Moody type) of the arising incomplete prolongation Lie algebra, a whole family of nonlinear field equations containing the original Heisenberg system is generated.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9604004
Wen-Xiu Ma
W. X. Ma and B. Fuchssteiner
Integrable Theory of the Perturbation Equations
27 pages, latex, to appear in Chaos, Soliton & Fractals
null
10.1016/0960-0779(95)00104-2
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
An integrable theory is developed for the perturbation equations engendered from small disturbances of solutions. It includes various integrable properties of the perturbation equations: hereditary recursion operators, master symmetries, linear representations (Lax and zero curvature representations) and Hamiltonian structures etc. and provides us a method to generate hereditary operators, Hamiltonian operators and symplectic operators starting from the known ones. The resulting perturbation equations give rise to a sort of integrable coupling of soliton equations. Two examples (MKdV hierarchy and KP equation) are carefully carried out.
2015-06-26
solv-int/9604005
Holger Frahm
Fabian H. L. Essler, Holger Frahm, Alexander R. Its and Vladimir E. Korepin
Painlev\'e Transcendent Describes Quantum Correlation Function of the XXZ Antiferromagnet away from the free-fermion point
10 pages, LaTeX2e
J.Phys.A29:5619-5626,1996
10.1088/0305-4470/29/17/032
OUTP-96-16S, ITP-UH-06/96
solv-int cond-mat hep-th nlin.SI
null
We consider quantum correlation functions of the antiferromagnetic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg XXZ spin chain in a magnetic field. We show that for a magnetic field close to the critical field $h_c$ (for the critical magnetic field the ground state is ferromagnetic) certain correlation functions can be expressed in terms of the solution of the Painlev\'e V transcendent. This establishes a relation between solutions of Painlev\'e differential equations and quantum correlation functions in models of {\sl interacting} fermions. Painlev\'e transcendents were known to describe correlation functions in models with free fermionic spectra.
2008-11-26
solv-int/9605001
Juri Suris
O.Ragnisco (Rome), Yu.B.Suris (Bremen)
Integrable discretizations of the spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider models
LaTeX file
J.Math.Phys. 38 (1997) 4680-4691
10.1063/1.532114
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
Integrable discretizations are introduced for the rational and hyperbolic spin Ruijsenaars--Schneider models. These discrete dynamical systems are demonstrated to belong to the same integrable hierarchies as their continuous--time counterparts. Explicit solutions are obtained for arbitrary flows of the hierarchies, including the discrete time ones.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9605002
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma
Darboux Transformations for a Lax Integrable System in $2n$-Dimensions
Latex, 14 pages, to be published in Lett. Math. Phys
null
10.1007/s11005-997-3049-3
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A $2n$-dimensional Lax integrable system is proposed by a set of specific spectral problems. It contains Takasaki equations, the self-dual Yang-Mills equations and its integrable hierarchy as examples. An explicit formulation of Darboux transformations is established for this Lax integrable system. The Vandermonde and generalized Cauchy determinant formulas lead to a description for deriving explicit solutions and thus some rational and analytic solutions are obtained.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9605003
Yu Song-Ju
Yu.Song-Ju, T.Fukuyama
The Painlev\'e Test of Higher Dimensional KdV Equation
7 pages, LaTeX
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We argue the integrability of the generalized KdV(GKdV) equation using the Painlev\'e test. For $d( \le 2)$ dimensional space, GKdV equation passes the Painlev\'e test but does not for $d \geq 3$ dimensional space. We also apply the Ablowitz-Ramani-Segur's conjecture to the GKdV equation in order to complement the Painlev\'e test.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9605004
Ayse Bilge
Ayse Humeyra Bilge
Classification of Integrable Evolution Equations of the Form $u_t=u_{xxx}+f(t,x,u,u_x,u_{xx})$
10 pages, no figures
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We obtain the classification of integrable equations of the form $u_t=u_{xxx}+f(t,x,u,u_x,u_{xx})$ using the formal symmetry method of Mikhailov et al [A.V.Mikhailov, A.B.Shabat and V.V.Sokolov, in {\it What is Integrability} edited by V.E. Zakharov (Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991)]. We show that all such equations can be transformed to an integrable equation of the form $v_t=v_{xxx}+f(v,v_x,v_{xx})$ using transformations $\Phi(x,t,u,v,u_x,v_x)=0$, and the $u_{xx}$ dependence can be eliminated except for two equations.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9605005
Harm Dorren
H.J.S. Dorren and R.K. Snieder
A stability analysis for the Korteweg-de Vries equation
15 pages LaTeX. The figures are available upon request (dorren@geof.ruu.nl)
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper the stability of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation is investigated. It is shown analytically and numerically that small perturbations of solutions of the KdV-equation introduce effects of dispersion, hence the perturbation propagates with a different velocity then the unperturbed solution. This effect is investigated analytically by formulating a differential equation for perturbations of solutions of the KdV-equation. This differential equation is solved generally using an Inverse Scattering Technique (IST) using the continuous part of the spectrum of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation. It is shown explicitly that the perturbation consist of two parts. The first part represents the time-evolution of the perturbation only. The second part represents the interaction between the perturbation and the unperturbed solution. It is shown explicitly that singular non-dispersive solutions of the KdV-equation are unstable.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9605006
Juri Suris
Yuri B. Suris (Bremen)
New integrable systems related to the relativistic Toda lattice
LaTeX, 22 pp. Substantially extended version: several new systems added!
J. Phys. A: Math. and Gen., 1997, V. 30, p. 1745-1761.
10.1088/0305-4470/30/5/035
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
New integrable lattice systems are introduced, their different integrable discretization are obtained. B\"acklund transformations between these new systems and the relativistic Toda lattice (in the both continuous and discrete time formulations) are established.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9605007
null
A. A. Andrianov, M. V. Ioffe and D. N. Nishnianidze
Higher Order SUSY in Quantum Mechanics and Integrability of Two-dimensional Hamiltonians
11 pages, LaTeX
null
null
SPbU-IP-96-12
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
The new method based on the SUSY algebra with supercharges of higher order in derivatives is proposed to search for dynamical symmetry operators in 2-dim quantum and classical systems. These symmetry operators arise when closing the SUSY algebra for a wide set of potentials. In some cases they are of 2-nd order in derivatives. The particular solutions are obtained also for potentials accepting symmetry operators of 4-th order. The investigation of quasiclassical limit of the SUSY algebra yields new classical integrals of motion for a certain type of systems which are polynomials of 4-th order in momenta. The general SUSY-inspired algorithm to construct classical systems with additional integrals of motion is outlined.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9605008
Adrian-Stefan Carstea
A. S. C\^arstea and D. Grecu
On a class of rational and mixed soliton-rational solutions of Toda lattice
10 pages, Latex
null
10.1143/PTP.96.29
FT-413-1996, Inst.Atomic Physics, Bucharest, Romania
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A class of rational solutions of Toda lattice satisfying certain Backlund transformations and a class of mixed rational-soliton solutions (quasisolitons) in wronskian formare obtained using the method of Ablowitz and Satsuma. Also an extended class of rational solutions are found using an appropriate recursion relation. They are also solutions of Boussinesq equation and it is conjectured that there is a larger class of common solutions of both equations.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9605009
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma and Benno Fuchssteiner
Binary Nonlinearization of Lax Pairs
8 pages, latex, to appear in the Proceedings of Nonlinear Physics, Italy
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A kind of Bargmann symmetry constraints involving Lax pairs and adjoint Lax pairs is proposed for soliton hierarchy. The Lax pairs and adjoint Lax pairs are nonlinearized into a hierarchy of commutative finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems and explicit integrals of motion may also be generated. The corresponding binary nonlinearization procedure leads to a sort of involutive solutions to every system in soliton hierarchy which are all of finite gap. An illustrative example is given in the case of AKNS soliton hierarchy.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9605010
Juri Suris
Yuri B. Suris (Bremen)
A new integrable system related to the Toda lattice
LaTeX, 14 pp
J. Phys. A: Math. and Gen., 1997, V. 30, p. 2235-2249.
10.1088/0305-4470/30/6/041
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A new integrable lattice system is introduced, and its integrable discretizations are obtained. A B\"acklund transformation between this new system and the Toda lattice, as well as between their discretizations, is established.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9606001
Dr. Elena I. Ganzha
E. I. Ganzha (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University)
On completeness of the Moutard transformations
6 pages (17 Kbytes), standard LaTeX 2.09, run twice to get the right cross-references. Resubmitted with the only correction: acknowledgment of grant RBFR 96-01-00050 support
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper we solve positively the problem of (local) density of the "potentials" M(x,y) of the Moutard equation, u_{xy} = M(x,y) u, u=u(x,y), (used in many papers for construction of exact solutions of (2+1)-dimensional integrable systems) obtainable from a given initial potential with consecutive Moutard transformations.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606002
Dr. Elena I. Ganzha
E. I. Ganzha (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University)
On completeness of the Ribaucour transformations for triply orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems in R^3
7 pages (26 Kbytes), standard LaTeX 2.09, run twice to get the right cross-references. Resubmitted with the only correction: acknowledgment of grant RBFR 96-01-00050 support
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper we solve positively the problem of (local) density of solutions of the (2+1)-dimentional integrable system describing triply orthogonal curvilinear coordinates in R^3 (a (2+1)-dimensional generalization of the 3-wave system) obtainable from a given initial solution with consecutive B\"acklund transformations (called Ribaucour transformations in classical differential geometry) in the space of all solutions of the system in question.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606003
S. P. Tsarev
E. T. Ganzha, S. P. Tsarev (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University)
On superposition of the autoBaecklund transformations for (2+1)-dimensional integrable systems
11 pages (90 Kbytes), standard LaTeX 2.09, run twice to get the right cross-references. Resubmitted with the only correction: acknowledgment of grant RBFR 96-01-00050 support
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The usual superposition formulas for Baecklund transformations of (2+1)-dimensional integrable systems include quadratures unlike the well known case of (1+1)-dimensional inegrable systems where the fourth solution is found with algebraic operations. In the present paper we show how in the case of (2+1)-dimensional integrable systems one can find an extended formula of nonlinear superposition such that the resulting solution will be found uniquely from the given previous solution with algebraic operations.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606004
Dr. Jeremy Schiff
Jeremy Schiff (Dept of Math and Comp Sci, Bar Ilan University)
Symmetries of KdV and Loop Groups
36 pages (sorry), LaTeX using a4 documentstyle
null
null
null
solv-int hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
A simple version of the Segal-Wilson map from the SL(2,C) loop group to a class of solutions of the KdV hierarchy is given, clarifying certain aspects of this map. It is explained how the known symmetries, including Backlund transformations, of KdV arise from simple, field independent, actions on the loop group. A variety of issues in understanding the algebraic structure of Backlund transformations are thus resolved.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606005
Robert Carroll
R. Carroll (Mathematics Dept., University of Illinois, Urbana, IL)
Some survey remarks on Whitham theory and EM duality
Latex, 12 pages
null
null
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
The nature of the BA function and its adjoint for KP-Toda is traced through the averaging method in generating the Whitham equations, differentials, and symplectic forms, with connections to EM duality.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606006
Barbara Shipman
Barbara Shipman
On the geometry of certain isospectral sets in the full Kostant-Toda lattice
22 pages, LaTeX, 7 figures in PicTeX available on request
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We use momentum mappings on generalized flag manifolds and their momentum polytopes to study the geometry of the level sets of the 1-chop integrals of the full Kostant-Toda lattice in certain isospectral submanifolds of the phase space. We derive expressions for these integrals in terms of Pl\"ucker coordinates on the flag manifold in the case that all eigenvalues are zero and compare the geometry of the base locus of their level set varieties with the corresponding geometry for distinct eigenvalues. Finally, we illustrate and extend our results in the context of the full sl(3,C) and sl(4,C) Kostant-Toda lattices.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606007
Leonid Bogdanov
L.V. Bogdanov (IINS, Landau Institute, Moscow) and B.G. Konopelchenko (Universita' degli Studi di Lecce)
Generalized integrable hierarchies and Combescure symmetry transformations
17 pages, LaTeX
null
10.1088/0305-4470/30/5/022
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Unifying hierarchies of integrable equations are discussed. They are constructed via generalized Hirota identity. It is shown that the Combescure transformations, known for a long time for the Darboux system and having a simple geometrical meaning, are in fact the symmetry transformations of generalized integrable hierarchies. Generalized equation written in terms of invariants of Combescure transformations are the usual integrable equations and their modified partners. The KP-mKP, DS-mDS hierarchies and Darboux system are considered.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9606008
Stephanie F. Singer
M. Quinn and S.F. Singer
Loop algebras, gauge invariants and a new completely integrable system
null
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
One fruitful motivating principle of much research on the family of integrable systems known as ``Toda lattices'' has been the heuristic assumption that the periodic Toda lattice in an affine Lie algebra is directly analogous to the nonperiodic Toda lattice in a finite-dimensional Lie algebra. This paper shows that the analogy is not perfect. A discrepancy arises because the natural generalization of the structure theory of finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras is not the structure theory of loop algebras but the structure theory of affine Kac-Moody algebras. In this paper we use this natural generalization to construct the natural analog of the nonperiodic Toda lattice. Surprisingly, the result is not the periodic Toda lattice but a new completely integrable system on the periodic Toda lattice phase space. This integrable system is prescribed purely in terms of Lie-theoretic data. The commuting functions are precisely the gauge-invariant functions one obtains by viewing elements of the loop algebra as connections on a bundle over $S^1$.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606009
Leonid Dickey
L.A.Dickey and W.Strampp
On a generalization of the Fay-Sato identity for KP Baker functions and its application to constrained hierarchies
LaTeX, 11 pages
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Some new formulas for the KP hierarchy are derived from the differential Fay identity. They proved to be useful for the $k$-constrained hierarchies providing a series of determinant identities for them. A differential equation is introduced which is called ``universal" since it plays an important role for all the $k$-constrained hierarchies. In the cases $k=1,2$ and 3 explicit formulas are presented, in all the others recurrence relations are given which enable one to obtain the identities.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9606010
null
Paolo Casati (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Milano, Italy), Gregorio Falqui (SISSA, Trieste, Italy), Franco Magri (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Milano, Italy), and Marco Pedroni (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Genova, Italy)
A Note on Fractional KdV Hierarchies
Final version to appear in J. Math. Phys. Some changes in the order of presentation, with more emphasis on the geometrical picture. One figure added (using epsf.sty). 30 pages, Latex
null
10.1063/1.532110
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We introduce a hierarchy of mutually commuting dynamical systems on a finite number of Laurent series. This hierarchy can be seen as a prolongation of the KP hierarchy, or a ``reduction'' in which the space coordinate is identified with an arbitrarily chosen time of a bigger dynamical system. Fractional KdV hierarchies are gotten by means of further reductions, obtained by constraining the Laurent series. The case of sl(3)^2 and its bihamiltonian structure are discussed in detail.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9607001
Hsien-chung Kao
Hsien-chung Kao, Shih-Chang Lee, and Wen-Jer Tzeng
Exact Solution of Frenkel-Kontorova Models with a Complete Devil's Staircase in Higher Dimensions
14 pages, uses revtex. Four figures included
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We solve exactly a class of Frenkel-Kontorova models with piecewise parabolic potential, which has $d$ sub-wells in a period. With careful analysis, we show that the phase diagram of the minimum enthalpy configurations exhibits the structure of a complete $d$-dimensional devil's staircase. The winding number of a minimum enthalpy configuration is locked to rational values, while the fraction of atoms in each sub-well is locked to values which are sub-commensurable with the winding number.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9607002
Kenji Kajiwara
Kenji Kajiwara (Dept. of Elect. Engin., Doshisha Univ.) and Yasuhiro Ohta (Dept. Appl. Math., Hiroshima Univ.)
Determinant Structure of the Rational Solutions for the Painlev\'e II Equation
16 pages LaTeX. To appear in J. Math. Phys.(1996)
null
10.1063/1.531648
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Two types of determinant representations of the rational solutions for the Painlev\'e II equation are discussed by using the bilinear formalism. One of them is a representation by the Devisme polynomials, and another one is a Hankel determinant representation. They are derived from the determinant solutions of the KP hierarchy and Toda lattice, respectively.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9607003
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu MA (Paderborn Univ.) and Zi-Xiang ZHOU (Fudan Univ.)
Coupled Integrable Systems Associated with a Polynomial Spectral Problem and their Virasoro Symmetry Algebras
8 pages, Plain-tex, to appear in Prog. Theor. Phys
null
10.1143/PTP.96.449
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
An isospectral hierarchy of commutative integrable systems associated with a polynomial spectral problem is proposed. The resulting hierarchy possesses a recursion structure controlled by a hereditary operator. The nonisospectral flows generate the time first order dependent symmetries of the isospectral hierarchy, which constitute Virasoro symmetry algebras together with commutative symmetries.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9607004
Kirill L. Vaninsky
K.L. Vaninsky
A Convexity Theorem in the Scattering Theory for the Dirac Operator
20 pages, AMS-TEX
Trans. AMS, vol 350, no. 5, pp. 1895--1911.
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The Dirac operator enters into zero curvature representation for the cubic nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation. We introduce and study a conformal map from the upper half-plane of the spectral parameter of the Dirac operator into itself. The action variables turn out to be limiting boundary values of the imaginary part of this map. We describe the image of the momentum map (convexity theorem) in the simplest case of a potential from the Schwartz class. We apply this description to the invariant manifolds for the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9607005
Juri Suris
Yuri B. Suris (University of Bremen)
Some further curiosities from the world of integrable lattice systems and their discretizations
14 pp., LaTeX
Symmetries and Integrability of Difference Equations, Eds. P.Clarkson, F.Nijhoff, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999, p. 79-94.
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Unexpected relations are found between the Toda lattice, the relativistic Toda lattice and the Bruschi--Ragnisco lattice, as well as between their integrable discretizations.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9607006
Nalini Joshi
Nalini Joshi
A Local Asymptotic Analysis of the First Discrete Painlev\'e Equation as the Discrete Independent Variable Approaches Infinity
21 pages in LaTeX2e, to appear in \textit{Methods and Applications of Analysis}
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The first discrete Painlev\'e equation (dPI), which appears in a model of quantum gravity, is an integrable nonlinear nonautonomous difference equation which yields the well known first Painlev\'e equation (PI) in a continuum limit. The asymptotic study of its solutions as the discrete time-step $n\to\infty$ is important both for physical application and for checking the accuracy of its role as a numerical discretization of PI. Here we show that the asymptotic analysis carried out by Boutroux (1913) for PI as its independent variable approaches infinity can also be achieved for dPI as its discrete independent variable approaches the same limit.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9607007
Nalini Joshi
Nalini Joshi and Gopala K. Srinivasan
The Radius of Convergence and the Well-Posedness of the Painlev\'e Expansions of the Korteweg-deVries equation
9 pages in AMSTeX, to appear \textit{Nonlinearity}
null
10.1088/0951-7715/10/1/005
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper we obtain explicit lower bounds for the radius of convergence of the Painlev\'e expansions of the Korteweg-de-Vries equation around a movable singularity manifold ${\Cal S}$ in terms of the sup norms of the arbitrary functions involved. We use this estimate to prove the well-posedness of the singular Cauchy problem on ${\Cal S}$ in the form of continuous dependence of the meromorphic solution on the arbitrary data.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9607008
Kirill L. Vaninsky
K.L. Vaninsky
Gibbs' States for Moser-Calogero Potentials
8 pages, LATEX
Intern J. Mod. Phys. B, vol. 11, no. 1-2, pp. 203-211 (1997)
10.1142/S0217979297000277
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We present two independent approaches for computing the thermodynamics for classical particles interacting via the Moser--Calogero potential. Combining the results we propose the form of equation of state or, what is equivalent, the asymptotics of the Jacobian between volume elements corresponding two symplectic structures on the phase space.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9608001
Adrian-Stefan Carstea
A. S. C\^arstea
On the dynamics of rational solutions for 1-D generalized Volterra system
9 pages, Latex
null
10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00481-7
FT-419-1996
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The Hirota bilinear formalism and soliton solutions for a generalized Volterra system is presented. Also, starting from the soliton solutions, we obtain a class of nonsingular rational solutions using the "long wave" limit procedure of Ablowitz and Satsuma, and appropriate "gauge" transformations. Their properties are also discussed and it is shown that these solutions interact elastically with no phase shift.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9608002
David Fairlie
D.B. Fairlie
Equations with an infinite number of explicit Conservation Laws
12 pages, latex, no figures
null
null
DTP/94/41 to appear in Proc.Roy.Soc.Edin
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A large class of first order partial nonlinear differential equations in two independent variables which possess an infinite set of polynomial conservation laws derived from an explicit generating function is constructed. The conserved charge densities are all homogeneous polynomials in the unknown functions which satisfy the differential equations in question. The simplest member of the class of equations is related to the Born-Infeld equation in two dimensions. It is observed that some members of this class possess identical charge densities. This enables the construction of a set of multivariable equations with an infinite number of conservation laws.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9608003
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma, Qing Ding, Wei-Guo Zhang and Bao-Qun Lu
Binary Nonlinearization of Lax pairs of Kaup-Newell Soliton Hierarchy
15 pages, plain+ams tex, to be published in Il Nuovo Cimento B
null
10.1007/BF02743224
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Kaup-Newell soliton hierarchy is derived from a kind of Lax pairs different from the original ones. Binary nonlinearization procedure corresponding to the Bargmann symmetry constraint is carried out for those Lax pairs. The proposed Lax pairs together with adjoint Lax pairs are constrained as a hierarchy of commutative, finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems in the Liouville sense, which also provides us with new examples of finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems. A sort of involutive solutions to the Kaup-Newell hierarchy are exhibited through the obtained finite dimensional integrable systems and the general involutive system engendered by binary nonlinearization is reduced to a specific involutive system generated by mono-nonlinearization.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9608004
Tim Baker
T. H. Baker (Uni. of Melbourne) and P. J. Forrester (RIMS, Kyoto University)
The Calogero-Sutherland Model and Generalized Classical Polynomials
LaTeX 2.09, 41 pages, uses subeqnarray.sty
Commun.Math.Phys. 188 (1997) 175-216
10.1007/s002200050161
RIMS-1094
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
Multivariable generalizations of the classical Hermite, Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials occur as the polynomial part of the eigenfunctions of certain Schr\"odinger operators for Calogero-Sutherland-type quantum systems. For the generalized Hermite and Laguerre polynomials the multidimensional analogues of many classical results regarding generating functions, differentiation and integration formulas, recurrence relations and summation theorems are obtained. We use this and related theory to evaluate the global limit of the ground state density, obtaining in the Hermite case the Wigner semi-circle law, and to give an explicit solution for an initial value problem in the Hermite and Laguerre case.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9608005
YuKui. Zhou
Y-K Zhou (ANU)
Fusion Hierarchies with Open Boundaries and Exactly Solvable Models
8 pages, no figures, talk given in Tianjin, August 1995. To appear in "Statistical Models, Yang-Baxter Equation and Related Topics", M. L. Ge and F. Y. Wu eds, World Scientific, Singapore (1996)
null
null
MRR 079-95
solv-int cond-mat hep-th nlin.SI
null
The formulation of integrable models with open boundary conditions and the functional relations of fused transfer matrices are discussed. It is shown that finite-size corrections to the transfer matrices and unitarity relations of free energies can be obtained from the functional relations. Unitarity relations of surface free energies presented in previous papers are also reviewed.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9608006
Ctirad Klimcik
P. Severa
On Simplest Hamiltonian Systems
2 pages, LaTeX
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Simple Hamiltonian systems, such as mathematical pendulum or Euler equations for rigid body, are solved without computation. It is nothing but a joke but maybe you will find it nice.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9608007
Simon Labrunie
Simon Labrunie and Robert Conte (Service de physique de l'\'etat condens\'e, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France)
A geometrical method towards first integrals for dynamical systems
15 pages, RevTeX with aps and prb styles
null
10.1063/1.531772
preprint SPEC s96/017
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We develop a method, based on Darboux' and Liouville's works, to find first integrals and/or invariant manifolds for a physically relevant class of dynamical systems, without making any assumption on these elements' form. We apply it to three dynamical systems: Lotka--Volterra, Lorenz and Rikitake.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9608008
Simon Labrunie
Simon Labrunie and Robert Conte (Service de physique de l'\'etat condens\'e, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France)
Discrete version of the Chazy class III equation
8 pages, LaTeX
null
null
preprint SPEC s96/039
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We study the discretisation of the Chazy class III equation by two means: a discrete Painlev\'e test, and the preservation of a two-parameter solution to the continuous equation. We get that way a best discretisation scheme.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9608009
Kakei Saburo
Saburo Kakei
Common Algebraic Structure for the Calogero-Sutherland Models
7 pages, LaTeX, no figures, some text and references added, minor misprints corrected
J. Phys. A29 (1996) L619-L624
10.1088/0305-4470/29/24/002
null
solv-int cond-mat hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
We investigate common algebraic structure for the rational and trigonometric Calogero-Sutherland models by using the exchange-operator formalism. We show that the set of the Jack polynomials whose arguments are Dunkl-type operators provides an orthogonal basis for the rational case.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9608010
Jarmo Hietarinta
Jarmo Hietarinta
Nambu tensors and commuting vector fields
9 pages in LaTeX2e
null
null
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
Takhtajan has recently studied the consistency conditions for Nambu brackets, and suggested that they have to be skew-symmetric, and satisfy Leibnitz rule and the Fundamental Identity (FI, it is a generalization of the Jacobi identity). If the n'th order Nambu brackets in dimension N is written in terms of the Nambu tensor \eta, the FI implies two conditions on it, one algebraic and one differential. The algebraic part of FI implies decomposability of \eta and in this letter we show that the Nambu bracket can then be written in terms of the usual totally antisymmetric n-dimensional tensor and n vector fields D. Our main result is that the differential part of the FI is satisfied iff the vector fields D commute. Examples are provided by integrable Hamiltonian systems. It turns out that then the Nambu bracket itself guarantees that the motions stays on the manifold defined by the constants of motion of the integrable system, while the n-1 Nambu Hamiltonians determine the (possibly non-integrable) motion on this manifold.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9609001
Yuji Kodama
Yuji Kodama and Jian Ye
Toda lattices with indefinite metric II: Topology of the iso-spectral manifolds
LaTex 20 pages with 4 figures
null
null
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
We consider the iso-spectral real manifolds of tridiagonal Hessenberg matrices with real eigenvalues. The manifolds are described by the iso-spectral flows of indefinite Toda lattice equations introduced by the authors [Physica, 91D (1996), 321-339]. These Toda lattices consist of $2^{N-1}$ different systems with hamiltonians $H = (1/2) \sum_{k=1}^{N} y_k^2 + \sum_{k=1}^{N-1} s_ks_{k+1} \exp(x_k-x_{k+1})$, where $s_i=\pm 1$. We compactify the manifolds by adding infinities according to the Toda flows which blow up in finite time except the case with all $s_is_{i+1}=1$. The resulting manifolds are shown to be nonorientable for $N>2$, and the symmetric group is the semi-direct product of $(\ZZ_2)^{N-1}$ and the permutation group $S_N$. These properties identify themselves with ``small covers'' introduced by Davis and Januszkiewicz [Duke Mathematical Journal, 62 (1991), 417-451]. As a corollary of our construction, we give a formula on the total numbers of zeroes for a system of exponential polynomials generated as Hankel determinant.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9609002
Leon Jerome
M. Boiti, J. Leon, F. Pempinelli
Nonlinear Spectral Characterization of Discrete Data
RevTex file, to appear in Physical Review E
null
10.1103/PhysRevE.54.5739
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The explicit analytical expression of the Nonlinear Fourier Transform (NFT) of a finite set of data is provided. Then a simple recursion relation for the NFT is constructed as a function of the spectral parameter. These tools provide a complete characterization of the nonlinear coherent structures (solitons, breathers, ...) present in numerical or experimental data representing the solution, at a given value of time, of a nonlinear evolution equation (e.g. of the nonlinear Schroedinger family).
2009-10-30
solv-int/9609003
Andrey V. Tsiganov
S. Rauch-Wojciechowski and A.V. Tsiganov
Quasi-point separation of variables for the Henon-Heiles system and a system with quartic potential
11 pages, Latex
null
10.1088/0305-4470/29/23/032
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
We examine the problem of integrability of two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems by means of separation of variables. The systematic approach to construction of the special non-pure coordinate separation of variables for certain natural two-dimensional Hamiltonians is presented. The relations with SUSY quantum mechanics are discussed.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9609004
Pac3
P.A. Clarkson, E.L. Mansfield and T.J. Priestley (University of Kent, Canterbury, UK)
Symmetries of a class of Nonlinear Third Order Partial Differential Equations
22 pages, tex, Mathematical and Computer Modelling (to appear)
null
null
UKC/IMS/95/27
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper we study symmetry reductions of a class of nonlinear third order partial differential equations $u_t -\epsilon u_{xxt} +2\kappa u_x= u u_{xxx} +\alpha u u_x +\beta u_x u_{xx}$ where $\epsilon$, $\kappa$, $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are arbitrary constants. Three special cases of equation (1) have appeared in the literature, up to some rescalings. In each case the equation has admitted unusual travelling wave solutions: the Fornberg-Whitham equation, for the parameters $\epsilon=1$, $\alpha=-1$, $\beta=3$ and $\kappa=\tfr12$, admits a wave of greatest height, as a peaked limiting form of the travelling wave solution; the Rosenau-Hyman equation, for the parameters $\epsilon=0$, $\alpha=1$, $\beta=3$ and $\kappa=0$, admits a ``compacton'' solitary wave solution; and the Fuchssteiner-Fokas-Camassa-Holm equation, for the parameters $\epsilon=1$, $\alpha=-3$ and $\beta=2$, has a ``peakon'' solitary wave solution. A catalogue of symmetry reductions for equation (1) is obtained using the classical Lie method and the nonclassical method due to Bluman and Cole.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9609005
Pac3
A.P. Bassom (University of Exeter, UK), P.A. Clarkson (University of Kent, Canterbury, UK), C.K. Law (National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan) and J.B. McLeod (University of Pittsburgh, USA)
Application of Uniform Asymptotics to the Second Painlev{\'e} Transcendent
28 pages, amstex, no figures
null
null
UKC/IMS/96/45
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this work we propose a new method for investigating connection problems for the class of nonlinear second-order differential equations known as the Painlev{\'e} equations. Such problems can be characterized by the question as to how the asymptotic behaviours of solutions are related as the independent variable is allowed to pass towards infinity along different directions in the complex plane. Connection problems have been previously tackled by a variety of methods. Frequently these are based on the ideas of isomonodromic deformation and the matching of WKB solutions. However, the implementation of these methods often tends to be heuristic in nature and so the task of rigorising the process is complicated. The method we propose here develops uniform approximations to solutions. This removes the need to match solutions, is rigorous, and can lead to the solution of connection problems with minimal computational effort. Our method is reliant on finding uniform approximations of differential equations of the generic form ${d^2\phi}/{d\eta^2} = - \xi^2F(\eta,\xi)\phi$ as the complex-valued parameter $\xi \to \infty.$ The details of the treatment rely heavily on the locations of the zeros of the function $F$ in this limit. If they are isolated then a uniform approximation to solutions can be derived in terms of Airy functions of suitable argument. On the other hand, if two of the zeros of $F$ coalesce as $|\xi| \to \infty$ then an approximation can be derived in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. In this paper we discuss both cases, but illustrate our technique in action by applying the parabolic cylinder case to the ``classical'' connection problem associated with the second Painlev{\'e} transcendent. Future papers will show how the technique can be applied with very little change to the other Painlev{\'e} equations, and to the wider problem of the asymptotic behaviour of the general solution to any of these equations.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9609006
Wen-Xiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma and Kam-Shun Li
Virasoro Symmetry Algebra of Dirac Soliton Hierarchy
8 pages, latex, to appear in Inverse Problems
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A hierarchy of first-degree time-dependent symmetries is proposed for Dirac soliton hierarchy and their commutator relations with time-dependent symmetries are exhibited. Meantime, a hereditary structure of Dirac soliton hierarchy is elucidated and a Lax operator algebra associated with Virasoro symmetry algebra is given.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9609007
Andrey V. Tsiganov
A.V. Tsiganov (St.Petersburg University)
The Kowalewski top: a new Lax representation
17 pages, Latex
null
10.1063/1.531850
ISRN-LiTH-MAT-R-95-27, 1995
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The 2x2 monodromy matrices for the Kowalewski top on the Lie algebras e(3), so(4) and so(3,1) are presented. The corresponding quadratic R-matrix structure is the dynamical deformation of the standard R-matrix algebras. Some tops and Toda lattices related to the Kowalewski top are discussed.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9609008
Francois Delduc
F. Delduc, L. Gallot
N=2 KP and KdV hierarchies in extended superspace
18 pages, LaTeX file, important reference added
Commun.Math.Phys. 190 (1997) 395-410
10.1007/s002200050246
ENSLAPP-L-617
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
We give the formulation in extended superspace of an $N=2$ supersymmetric KP hierarchy using chirality preserving pseudo-differential operators. We obtain two quadratic hamiltonian structures, which lead to different reductions of the KP hierarchy. In particular we find two different hierarchies with the $N=2$ classical super-${\cal W}_n$ algebra as a hamiltonian structure. The relation with the formulation in $N=1$ superspace is carried out.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9609009
Leonid Bogdanov
L.V. Bogdanov (IINS, Landau Institute, Moscow) and B.G. Konopelchenko (Universit\'a degli Studi di Lecce)
Analytic-bilinear approach to integrable hierarchies. I.Generalized KP hierarchy
25 pages, LaTeX
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Analytic-bilinear approach for construction and study of integrable hierarchies, in particular, the KP hierarchy is discussed. It is based on the generalized Hirota identity. This approach allows to represent generalized hierarchies of integrable equations in a condensed form of finite functional equations. Resolution of these functional equations leads to the $\tau$-function and addition formulae to it. General discrete transformations of the $\tau$-function are presented in the determinant form. Closed one-form and other formulae also arise naturally within the approach proposed. Generalized KP hierarchy written in terms of different invariants of Combescure symmetry transformations coincides with the usual KP hierarchy and the mKP hierarchy.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9609010
Tim Baker
T. H. Baker and P. J. Forrester (Uni. of Melbourne)
The Calogero-Sutherland Model and Polynomials with Prescribed Symmetry
LaTeX 2.09, 31 pages
null
10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00112-0
null
solv-int math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
The Schr\"odinger operators with exchange terms for certain Calogero-Sutherland quantum many body systems have eigenfunctions which factor into the symmetric ground state and a multivariable polynomial. The polynomial can be chosen to have a prescribed symmetry (i.e. be symmetric or antisymmetric) with respect to the interchange of some specified variables. For four particular Calogero-Sutherland systems we construct an eigenoperator for these polynomials which separates the eigenvalues and establishes orthogonality. In two of the cases this involves identifying new operators which commute with the corresponding Schr\"odinger operators. In each case we express a particular class of the polynomials with prescribed symmetry in a factored form involving the corresponding symmetric polynomials.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9610001
Juri Suris
Yuri B. Suris (University of Bremen)
Nonlocal quadratic Poisson algebras, monodromy map, and Bogoyavlensky lattices
35 pages, LaTeX
J. Math. Phys., 1997, V. 38, p. 4179-4201.
10.1063/1.532090
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A new Lax representation for the Bogoyavlensky lattice is found, its $r$--matrix interpretation is elaborated. The $r$--matrix structure turns out to be related to a highly nonlocal quadratic Poisson structure on a direct sum of associative algebras. The theory of such nonlocal structures is developed, the Poisson property of the monodromy map is worked out in the most general situation. Some problems concerning the duality of Lax representations are raised.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9610002
null
Paolo Casati (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Milano, Italy), Gregorio Falqui (SISSA/ISAS, Trieste, Italy), Franco Magri (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Milano, Italy), and Marco Pedroni (Dip. di Matematica, Univ. di Genova, Italy)
Darboux Coverings and Rational Reductions of the KP Hierarchy
16 pages, LaTeX
null
null
SISSA 131/96/FM
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We use the method of Darboux coverings to discuss the invariant submanifolds of the KP equations, presented as conservation laws in the space of monic Laurent series in the spectral parameter (the space of the Hamiltonian densities). We identify a special class of these submanifolds with the rational invariant submanifolds entering matrix models of $2D$--gravity, recently characterized by Dickey and Krichever. Four examples of the general procedure are provided.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9610003
Andrey V. Tsiganov
A.V. Tsiganov
Automorphisms of sl(2) and dynamical r-matrices
14 pages, Latex
null
null
null
solv-int hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
Two outer automorphisms of infinite-dimensional representations of $sl(2)$ algebra are considered. The similar constructions for the loop algebras and yangians are presented. The corresponding linear and quadratic $R$-brackets include the dynamical $r$-matrices.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9610004
Parma
N.A. Gromov, I.V. Kostyakov and V.V. Kuratov
Contractions of Integrable Equations
6 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Proceedings of ' II International Workshop on Classical and Quantum Integrible Systems' (Dubna, 8-12 July,1996), to be published in Int.J.Mod.Phys
null
10.1142/S0217751X97000256
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The contraction is applied to obtaining of integrable systems associated with nonsemisimple algebras. The effect of contraction is splitting off some components from initial system without loss of integrability.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9610005
Kenichi Maruno
K. Maruno, K. Kajiwara, S. Nakao, M. Oikawa
Bilinearization of Discrete Soliton Equations and Singularity Confinement
14 pages, LaTex
null
10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00171-0
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Bilinear forms for some nonlinear partial difference equations(discrete soliton equations) are derived based on the results of singularity confinement. Using the bilinear forms, the N-soliton and algebraic solutions of the discrete potential mKdV equation are constructed.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9610006
Mts
Andrey Yu. Boldin and Ruslan A. Sharipov (Baskir State University, Math. Department, Russia)
On the solution of normality equations for the dimension $n\geq 3$
AmS-TeX, amsppt style, 18 pages
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
The normality equations for the Newtonian dynamical systems on an arbitrary Riemannian manifold of the dimension $n \geq 3$ are considered. Locally the solution of such equations reduces to three possible cases: in two of them the solution is written out explicitly, and in the third case the equations of normality are reduced to an ordinary differential equation of the second order. Some new examples of explicit solutions of normality equations are constructed.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9610007
Robert Conte
R. Conte (CEA Saclay), M. Musette (VUB Brussels)
A new method to test discrete Painlev\'e equations
12 pages, no figure, standard Latex, to appear in Physics Letters A
null
10.1016/S0375-9601(96)00783-9
S96/032
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Necessary discretization rules to preserve the Painlev\'e property are stated. A new method is added to the discrete Painlev\'e test, which perturbs the continuous limit and generates infinitely many no-log conditions.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9610008
Wenxiu Ma
Wen-Xiu Ma and Fu-Kui Guo
Lax Representations and Zero Curvature Representations by Kronecker Product
9 pages, Latex, to appear in Intern. J. Theoret. Phys
null
10.1007/BF02435889
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
It is showed that Kronecker product can be applied to construct not only new Lax representations but also new zero curvature representations of integrable models. Meantime a different characteristic between continuous and discrete zero curvature equations is pointed out.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9610009
Jan de Gier
Jan de Gier and Bernard Nienhuis (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
The exact solution of an octagonal rectangle triangle random tiling
26 pages, LaTeX, including 5 figures, to appear in J. Stat. Phys
J. Stat. Phys. 87 (1997) 415-437
10.1007/BF02181494
ITFA 96-35
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
We present a detailed calculation of the recently published exact solution of a random tiling model possessing an eight-fold symmetric phase. The solution is obtained using Bethe Ansatz and provides closed expressions for the entropy and phason elastic constants. Qualitatively, this model has the same features as the square-triangle random tiling model. We use the method of P. Kalugin, who solved the Bethe Ansatz equations for the square-triangle tiling, which were found by M. Widom.
2015-06-26
solv-int/9610010
Kakei Saburo
Saburo Kakei
An orthogonal basis for the $B_N$-type Calogero model
9 pages, LaTeX, no figures, several errors are corrected, Appendix is added
null
null
null
solv-int cond-mat hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
We investigate algebraic structure for the $B_N$-type Calogero model by using the exchange-operator formalism. We show that the set of the Jack polynomials whose arguments are Dunkl-type operators provides an orthogonal basis.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9610011
Atsuo Kuniba
Zengo Tsuboi (Univ. of Tokyo, Komaba)
Solutions of Discretized Affine Toda Field Equations for A_{n}^{(1)}, B_{n}^{(1)}, C_{n}^{(1)}, D_{n}^{(1)}, A_{n}^{(2)} and D_{n+1}^{(2)}
22 pages, no figure, LaTeX: Introduction, Summary and Discussion are revised. (e-mail: ss57058@hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp)
J.Phys.Soc.Jap. 66 (1997) 3391-3398
10.1143/JPSJ.66.3391
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
It is known that a family of transfer matrix functional equations, the T-system, can be compactly written in terms of the Cartan matrix of a simple Lie algebra. We formally replace this Cartan matrix of a simple Lie algebra with that of an affine Lie algebra, and then we obtain a system of functional equations different from the T-system. It may be viewed as an X_{n}^{(a)} type affine Toda field equation on discrete space time. We present, for A_{n}^{(1)}, B_{n}^{(1)}, C_{n}^{(1)}, D_{n}^{(1)}, A_{n}^{(2)} and D_{n+1}^{(2)}, its solutions in terms of determinants or Pfaffians.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9610012
null
J. T. Liu and D. F. Wang
Integrabilities of the long range t-J model of twisted boundary condition
preprint of Rockefeller-ETH, submitted to PRB rapid communication
null
10.1103/PhysRevB.55.R3344
null
solv-int cond-mat nlin.SI
null
The integrability of the one-dimensional long range supersymmetric t-J model has previously been established for both open systems and those closed by periodic boundary conditions through explicit construction of its integrals of motion. Recently the system has been extended to include the effect of magnetic flux, which gives rise to a closed chain with twisted boundary conditions. While the t-J model with twisted boundary conditions has been solved for the ground state and full energy spectrum, proof of its integrability has so far been lacking. In this letter we extend the proof of integrability of the long range supersymmetric t-J model and its SU(m|n) generalization to include the case of twisted boundary conditions.
2016-09-08
solv-int/9610013
Nalini Joshi
Nalini Joshi and Johannes A. Petersen
Complex Blow-Up in Burgers' Equation: an Iterative Approach
11 pages in LaTeX. To appear in Bull. Aust. Math. Soc
null
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We show that for a given holomorphic noncharacteristic surface S in two-dimensional complex space, and a given holomorphic function on S, there exists a unique meromorphic solution of Burgers' equation which blows up on S. This proves the convergence of the formal Laurent series expansion found by the Painlev\'e test. The method used is an adaptation of Nirenberg's iterative proof of the abstract Cauchy-Kowalevski theorem.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9611001
Nalini Joshi
Rod Halburd and Nalini Joshi
The Coalescence Limit of the Second Painlev\'E Equation
16 pages in LaTeX (1 figure included)
Stud. Appl. Math. 97 (1996) 1--15
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this paper, we study a well known asymptotic limit in which the second Painlev\'e equation (P_II) becomes the first Painlev\'e equation (P_I). The limit preserves the Painlev\'e property (i.e. that all movable singularities of all solutions are poles). Indeed it has been commonly accepted that the movable simple poles of opposite residue of the generic solution of P_{II} must coalesce in the limit to become movable double poles of the solutions of P_I, even though the limit naively carried out on the Laurent expansion of any solution of P_{II} makes no sense. Here we show rigorously that a coalescence of poles occurs. Moreover we show that locally all analytic solutions of P_I arise as limits of solutions of P_{II}.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9611002
null
V.V.Konotop (University of Madeira, Portugal), M. Salerno (University of Salerno, Italy)
Small-amplitude excitations in a deformable discrete nonlinear Schroedinger equation
18 pages (RevTex), 13 figures available upon request
null
10.1103/PhysRevE.55.4706
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
A detailed analysis of the small-amplitude solutions of a deformed discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation is performed. For generic deformations the system possesses "singular" points which split the infinite chain in a number of independent segments. We show that small-amplitude dark solitons in the vicinity of the singular points are described by the Toda-lattice equation while away from the singular points are described by the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Depending on the value of the deformation parameter and of the background level several kinds of solutions are possible. In particular we delimit the regions in the parameter space in which dark solitons are stable in contrast with regions in which bright pulses on nonzero background are possible. On the boundaries of these regions we find that shock waves and rapidly spreading solutions may exist.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9611003
Alexander V. Razumov
A. V. Razumov, M. V. Saveliev
Some explicit solutions of the Lam\'e and Bourlet type equations
12 pages, LaTeX file
null
null
LPTENS-96/61
solv-int dg-ga hep-th math.DG nlin.SI
null
Some special solutions to the multidimensional Lam\'e and Bourlet type equations are constructed in an explicit form.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9611004
null
D. F. Wang
Spinless Calogero-Sutherland model with twisted boundary condition
preprint of ETH-L, appearing in recent PRE
null
10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4586
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
In this work, the spinless Calogero-Sutherland model with twisted boundary condition is studied. The ground state wavefunctions, the ground state energies, the full energy spectrum are provided in details.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9611005
Jan de Gier
Jan de Gier, Bernard Nienhuis (University of Amsterdam)
On the integrability of the square-triangle random tiling model
11 pages, LaTeX, inluding 2 postscript figures
Phys. Rev. E 55, 3926 (1997)
10.1103/PhysRevE.55.3926
IFTA 96-47
solv-int cond-mat.stat-mech nlin.SI
null
It is shown that the square-triangle random tiling model is equivalent to an asymmetric limit of the three colouring model on the honeycomb lattice. The latter model is known to be the O(n) model at T=0 and corresponds to the integrable model connected to the affine $A_2^{(1)}$ Lie algebra. Thus it is shown that the weights of the square-triangle random tiling satisfy the Yang-Baxter equation, albeit in a singular limit of a more general model. The three colouring model for general vertex weights is solved by algebraic Bethe Ansatz.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9611006
Denis Uglov
Kouichi Takemura and Denis Uglov
The orthogonal eigenbasis and norms of eigenvectors in the Spin Calogero-Sutherland Model
35 pages, AMSLaTeX
null
10.1088/0305-4470/30/10/039
RIMS-1114
solv-int hep-th math.QA nlin.SI q-alg
null
Using a technique based on the Yangian Gelfand-Zetlin algebra and the associated Yangian Gelfand-Zetlin bases we construct an orthogonal basis of eigenvectors in the Calogero-Sutherland Model with spin, and derive product-type formulas for norms of these eigenvectors.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9611007
YuKui. Zhou
Y.-K. Zhou and K. D. Schotte
The L-Matrix for the Massive Thirring Model
10 pages, no ps figures, Tex file
Phys Rev D 47 (1993) R1281-R1284
10.1103/PhysRevD.47.R1281
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
As the new results for the massive Thirring model the L-matrix and the algebraic relations for its action angle variables are given. So it is shown most directly that this model which describes self-interacting relativistic Fermions in one-dimensional space is a quantum integrable system.
2009-10-30
solv-int/9611008
Andrei Mal'tsev
A.Ya. Maltsev
The conservation of the Hamiltonian structures in Whitham's method of averaging
39 pages, some improvement, corrected misprints
Izvestiya, Mathematics 63:6 (1999), 1171-1201
null
null
solv-int hep-th nlin.SI
null
The work is devoted to the proof of the conservation of local field-theoretical Hamiltonian structures in Whitham's method of averaging. The consideration is based on the procedure of averaging of local Poisson bracket, proposed by B.A.Dubrovin and S.P.Novikov. Using the Dirac procedure of restriction of the Poisson bracket on the submanifold in the functional space, it is shown in the generic case that the Poisson bracket, constructed by method of Dubrovin and Novikov, satisfies the Jacobi identity. Besides that, the invariance of this bracket with respect to the choice of the set of local conservation laws, used in this procedure, is proved.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9612001
Uwe Grimm
Uwe Grimm
Representations of Two-Colour BWM Algebras and Solvable Lattice Models
6 pages, LaTeX, heron2e.sty (included), Poster presented at GROUP21
Proceedings of the Quantum Group Symposium at the XXI International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics, edited by H.-D. Doebner and V.K. Dobrev, Heron Press, Sofia (1997), pp. 114-119
null
null
solv-int nlin.SI
null
Many of the known solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, which are related to solvable lattice models of vertex- and IRF-type, yield representations of the Birman-Wenzl-Murakami algebra. From these, representations of a two-colour generalization of the Birman-Wenzl-Murakami algebra can be constructed, which in turn are used to derive trigonometric solutions to the Yang-Baxter equation. In spirit, this construction resembles the fusion procedure, in the sense that starting from known solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation new solutions can be obtained.
2008-02-03
solv-int/9612002
Nicolai Kitanine
N.M. Bogoliubov, A.G. Izergin, N.A. Kitanine
Correlators of the phase model
LaTeX, 7 pages, One reference has been changed
null
10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00326-5
ENSLAPP-L-622/96, HU-TFT-96-41
solv-int nlin.SI
null
We introduce the phase model on a lattice and solve it using the algebraic Bethe ansatz. Time-dependent temperature correlation functions of phase operators and the "darkness formation probability" are calculated in the thermodynamical limit. These results can be used to construct integrable equations for the correlation functions and to calculate there asymptotics.
2009-10-30