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Title: Dimensional crossover of thermal conductance in nanowiresCategory: cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: Jian Wang and Jian-Sheng WangStudy Abstract: Dimensional dependence of thermal conductance at low temperatures in nanowires is studied using the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method. Our calculation shows a smooth dimensional crossover of thermal conductance in nanowire from one-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior with the increase of diameters. The results are consistent with the experimental findings that the temperature dependence of thermal conductance at low temperature for diameters from tens to hundreds nanometers will be close to Debye law. The calculation also suggests that universal thermal conductance is only observable in nanowires with small diameters. We also find that the interfacial thermal conductance across Si and Ge nanowire is much lower than the corresponding value in bulk materials. Comments: 4 figures

Title: Transient behavior of surface plasmon polaritons scattered at a subwavelength grooveCategory: physics.opticsAuthors: Gaetan Leveque, Olivier J. F. Martin, John WeinerStudy Abstract: We present a numerical study and analytical model of the optical near-field diffracted in the vicinity of subwavelength grooves milled in silver surfaces. The Green's tensor approach permits computation of the phase and amplitude dependence of the diffracted wave as a function of the groove geometry. It is shown that the field diffracted along the interface by the groove is equivalent to replacing the groove by an oscillating dipolar line source. An analytic expression is derived from the Green's function formalism, that reproduces well the asymptotic surface plasmon polariton (SPP) wave as well as the transient surface wave in the near-zone close to the groove. The agreement between this model and the full simulation is very good, showing that the transient "near-zone" regime does not depend on the precise shape of the groove. Finally, it is shown that a composite diffractive evanescent wave model that includes the asymptotic SPP can describe the wavelength evolution in this transient near-zone. Such a semi-analytical model may be useful for the design and optimization of more elaborate photonic circuits whose behavior in large part will be controlled by surface waves. Comments: 12 pages, 10 figures

Title: Second-Order Eikonal Corrections for A(e,e'p)Category: nucl-thAuthors: B. Van Overmeire, J. RyckebuschStudy Abstract: The first-order eikonal approximation is frequently adopted in interpreting the results of $A(e,e'p)$ measurements. Glauber calculations, for example, typically adopt the first-order eikonal approximation. We present an extension of the relativistic eikonal approach to $A(e,e'p)$ which accounts for second-order eikonal corrections. The numerical calculations are performed within the relativistic optical model eikonal approximation. The nuclear transparency results indicate that the effect of the second-order eikonal corrections is rather modest, even at $Q^{2} \approx 0.2$ (GeV/c)$^2$. The same applies to polarization observables, left-right asymmetries, and differential cross sections at low missing momenta. At high missing momenta, however, the second-order eikonal corrections are significant and bring the calculations in closer agreement with the data and/or the exact results from models adopting partial-wave expansions. Comments: 16 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to Phys. Lett. B

Title: AKARI Detection of the Infrared-Bright Supernova Remnant B0104-72.3 in the Small Magellanic CloudCategory: astro-phAuthors: Bon-Chul Koo, Ho-Gyu Lee, Dae-Sik Moon, Jae-Joon Lee, Ji Yeon Seok, Hyung Mok Lee, Seung Soo Hong, Myung Gyoon Lee, Hidehiro Kaneda, Yoshifusa Ita, Woong-Seob Jeong, Takashi Onaka, Itsuki Sakon, Takao Nakagawa, Hiroshi MurakamiStudy Abstract: We present a serendipitous detection of the infrared-bright supernova remnant (SNR) B0104-72.3 in the Small Magellanic Cloud by the Infrared Camera (IRC) onboard AKARI. An elongated, partially complete shell is detected in all four observed IRC bands covering 2.6-15 um. The infrared shell surrounds radio, optical, and X-ray emission associated with the SNR and is probably a radiative SNR shell. This is the first detection of a SNR shell in this near/mid-infrared waveband in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The IRC color indicates that the infrared emission might be from shocked H2 molecules with some possible contributions from ionic lines. We conclude that B0104-72.3 is a middle-aged SNR interacting with molecular clouds, similar to the Galactic SNR IC 443. Our results highlight the potential of AKARI IRC observations in studying SNRs, especially for diagnosing SNR shocks. Comments: 12 pages with 3 figures, accepted for publication in AKARI PASJ special issue

Title: Flory-Huggins theory for the solubility of heterogeneously-modified polymersCategory: cond-mat.softAuthors: Patrick B. WarrenStudy Abstract: Many water soluble polymers are chemically modified versions of insoluble base materials such as cellulose. A Flory-Huggins model is solved to determine the effects of heterogeneity in modification on the solubility of such polymers. It is found that heterogeneity leads to decreased solubility, with the effect increasing with increasing blockiness. In the limit of extreme blockiness, the nature of the phase coexistence crosses over to a polymer-polymer demixing transition. Some consequences are discussed for the synthesis of partially modified polymers, and the experimental characterisation of such systems. Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX 4.0

Title: Braiding transformation, entanglement swapping and Berry phase in entanglement spaceCategory: quant-phAuthors: Jing-Ling Chen, Kang Xue, and Mo-Lin GeStudy Abstract: We show that braiding transformation is a natural approach to describe quantum entanglement, by using the unitary braiding operators to realize entanglement swapping and generate the GHZ states as well as the linear cluster states. A Hamiltonian is constructed from the unitary $\check{R}_{i,i+1}(\theta,\phi)$-matrix, where $\phi=\omega t$ is time-dependent while $\theta$ is time-independent. This in turn allows us to investigate the Berry phase in the entanglement space. Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures. Published version

Title: Photoproduction of pi0 omega off protons for E(gamma) < 3 GeVCategory: nucl-exAuthors: J. Junkersfeld (for the CB-ELSA collaboration)Study Abstract: Differential and total cross-sections for photoproduction of gamma proton to proton pi0 omega and gamma proton to Delta+ omega were determined from measurements of the CB-ELSA experiment, performed at the electron accelerator ELSA in Bonn. The measurements covered the photon energy range from the production threshold up to 3GeV. Comments: 8 pages, 13 figures

Title: Two-pion exchange three-nucleon potential: O(q^4) chiral expansionCategory: nucl-thAuthors: S. Ishikawa and M.R. RobilottaStudy Abstract: We present the expansion of the two-pion exchange three-nucleon potential (TPE-3NP) to chiral order q^4, which corresponds to a subset of all possibilities at this order and is based on the \piN amplitude at O(q^3). Results encompass both numerical corrections to strength coefficients of previous O(q^3) terms and new structures in the profile functions. The former are typically smaller than 10% whereas the latter arise from either loop functions or non-local gradients acting on the wave function. The influence of the new TPE-3NP over static and scattering three-body observables has been assessed and found to be small, as expected from perturbative corrections. Comments: 29 pages, 7 figures

Title: Interference effects in above-threshold ionization from diatomic molecules: determining the internuclear separationCategory: physics.atom-phAuthors: H. Hetzheim, C. Figueira de Morisson Faria, and W. BeckerStudy Abstract: We calculate angle-resolved above-threshold ionization spectra for diatomic molecules in linearly polarized laser fields, employing the strong-field approximation. The interference structure resulting from the individual contributions of the different scattering scenarios is discussed in detail, with respect to the dependence on the internuclear distance and molecular orientation. We show that, in general, the contributions from the processes in which the electron is freed at one center and rescatters off the other obscure the interference maxima and minima obtained from single-center processes. However, around the boundary of the energy regions for which rescattering has a classical counterpart, such processes play a negligible role and very clear interference patterns are observed. In such energy regions, one is able to infer the internuclear distance from the energy difference between adjacent interference minima. Comments: 10 pages, 8 figures; discussions slightly modified and an additional figure inserted for clarity

Title: Neel order in the two-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg ModelCategory: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.otherAuthors: Ute L\"owStudy Abstract: The existence of Neel order in the S=1/2 Heisenberg model on the square lattice at T=0 is shown using inequalities set up by Kennedy, Lieb and Shastry in combination with high precision Quantum Monte Carlo data. Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure

Title: Maximum solutions of normalized Ricci flows on 4-manifoldsCategory: math.DG math.GTAuthors: Fuquan Fang, Yuguang Zhang, Zhenlei ZhangStudy Abstract: We consider maximum solution $g(t)$, $t\in [0, +\infty)$, to the normalized Ricci flow. Among other things, we prove that, if $(M, \omega) $ is a smooth compact symplectic 4-manifold such that $b_2^+(M)>1$ and let $g(t),t\in[0,\infty)$, be a solution to (1.3) on $M$ whose Ricci curvature satisfies that $|\text{Ric}(g(t))|\leq 3$ and additionally $\chi(M)=3 \tau (M)>0$, then there exists an $m\in \mathbb{N}$, and a sequence of points $\{x_{j,k}\in M\}$, $j=1, ..., m$, satisfying that, by passing to a subsequence, $$(M, g(t_{k}+t), x_{1,k},..., x_{m,k}) \stackrel{d_{GH}}\longrightarrow (\coprod_{j=1}^m N_j, g_{\infty}, x_{1,\infty}, ...,, x_{m,\infty}),$$ $t\in [0, \infty)$, in the $m$-pointed Gromov-Hausdorff sense for any sequence $t_{k}\longrightarrow \infty$, where $(N_{j}, g_{\infty})$, $j=1,..., m$, are complete complex hyperbolic orbifolds of complex dimension 2 with at most finitely many isolated orbifold points. Moreover, the convergence is $C^{\infty}$ in the non-singular part of $\coprod_1^m N_{j}$ and $\text{Vol}_{g_{0}}(M)=\sum_{j=1}^{m}\text{Vol}_{g_{\infty}}(N_{j})$, where $\chi(M)$ (resp. $\tau(M)$) is the Euler characteristic (resp. signature) of $M$. Comments: 23 pages

Title: Phase separation and flux quantization in the doped quantum dimer model on the square and triangular latticesCategory: cond-mat.str-elAuthors: A. Ralko, F. Mila, and D. PoilblancStudy Abstract: The doped two-dimensional quantum dimer model is investigated by numerical techniques on the square and triangular lattices, with significantly different results. On the square lattice, at small enough doping, there is always a phase separation between an insulating valence-bond solid and a uniform superfluid phase, whereas on the triangular lattice, doping leads directly to a uniform superfluid in a large portion of the RVB phase. Under an applied Aharonov-Bohm flux, the superfluid exhibits quantization in terms of half-flux quanta, consistent with Q=2e elementary charge quanta in transport properties. Comments: 4 pages, 6 figures

Title: Limit distributions and scaling functionsCategory: math-ph math.MPAuthors: Christoph RichardStudy Abstract: We discuss the asymptotic behaviour of models of lattice polygons, mainly on the square lattice. In particular, we focus on limiting area laws in the uniform perimeter ensemble where, for fixed perimeter, each polygon of a given area occurs with the same probability. We relate limit distributions to the scaling behaviour of the associated perimeter and area generating functions, thereby providing a geometric interpretation of scaling functions. To a major extent, this article is a pedagogic review of known results. Comments: 54 pages, 2 figures; v2 updated and slightly expanded; v3 changes in some proofs; v4 slightly expanded

Title: Incommmensurability and unconventional superconductor to insulator transition in the Hubbard model with bond-charge interactionCategory: cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-conAuthors: A. A. Aligia, A. Anfossi, L. Arrachea, C. Degli Esposti Boschi, A. O. Dobry, C. Gazza, A. Montorsi, F. Ortolani, and M. E. TorioStudy Abstract: We determine the quantum phase diagram of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with bond-charge interaction X in addition to the usual Coulomb repulsion U at half-filling. For large enough X and positive U the model shows three phases. For large U the system is in the spin-density wave phase already known in the usual Hubbard model. As U decreases, there is first a spin transition to a spontaneously dimerized bond-ordered wave phase and then a charge transition to a novel phase in which the dominant correlations at large distances correspond to an incommensurate singlet superconductor. Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures

Title: Flavor Composition and Energy Spectrum of Astrophysical NeutrinosCategory: astro-phAuthors: Paolo Lipari, Maurizio Lusignoli, Davide MeloniStudy Abstract: The measurement of the flavor composition of the neutrino fluxes from astrophysical sources has been proposed as a method to study not only the nature of their emission mechanisms, but also the neutrino fundamental properties. It is however problematic to reconcile these two goals, since a sufficiently accurate understanding of the neutrino fluxes at the source is needed to extract information about the physics of neutrino propagation. In this work we discuss critically the expectations for the flavor composition and energy spectrum from different types of astrophysical sources, and comment on the theoretical uncertainties connected to our limited knowledge of their structure. Comments: 31 pages, 18 figures

Title: Gravitational Wave Signals from Chaotic System: A Point Mass with A DiskCategory: gr-qc astro-phAuthors: Kenta Kiuchi, Hiroko Koyama, Kei-ichi MaedaStudy Abstract: We study gravitational waves from a particle moving around a system of a point mass with a disk in Newtonian gravitational theory. A particle motion in this system can be chaotic when the gravitational contribution from a surface density of a disk is comparable with that from a point mass. In such an orbit, we sometimes find that there appears a phase of the orbit in which particle motion becomes to be nearly regular (the so-called ``stagnant motion'') for a finite time interval between more strongly chaotic phases. To study how these different chaotic behaviours affect on observation of gravitational waves, we investigate a correlation of the particle motion and the waves. We find that such a difference in chaotic motions reflects on the wave forms and energy spectra. The character of the waves in the stagnant motion is quite different from that either in a regular motion or in a more strongly chaotic motion. This suggests that we may make a distinction between different chaotic behaviours of the orbit via the gravitational waves. Comments: Published in Phys.Rev.D76:024018,2007

Title: $C^r$-Lohner algorithmCategory: math.NA math.DSAuthors: D. Wilczak, P. Zgliczy\'nskiStudy Abstract: We present a Lohner type algorithm for the computation of rigorous bounds for solutions of ordinary differential equations and its derivatives with respect to initial conditions up to arbitrary order. As an application we prove the existence of multiple invariant tori around some elliptic periodic orbits for the pendulum equation with periodic forcing and for Michelson system. Comments: for associated movie file, see http://www.ii.uj.edu.pl/~wilczak/papers/cnlohner/mpp.mov, 35 pages, 1 Figure

Title: Timing evidence in determining the accretion state of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 3783Category: astro-phAuthors: D.P. Summons, P. Arevalo, I.M. McHardy, P.Uttley and A.Bhaskar (University of Southampton)Study Abstract: Previous observations with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) have suggested that the power spectral density (PSD) of NGC 3783 flattens to a slope near zero at low frequencies, in a similar manner to that of Galactic black hole X-ray binary systems (GBHs) in the `hard' state. The low radio flux emitted by this object, however, is inconsistent with a hard state interpretation. The accretion rate of NGC 3783 (~7% of the Eddington rate) is similar to that of other AGN with `soft' state PSDs and higher than that at which the GBH Cyg X-1, with which AGN are often compared, changes between `hard' and `soft' states (~2% of the Eddington rate). If NGC 3783 really does have a `hard' state PSD, it would be quite unusual and would indicate that AGN and GBHs are not quite as similar as we currently believe. Here we present an improved X-ray PSD of NGC 3783, spanning from ~10^{-8} to ~10^{-3} Hz, based on considerably extended (5.5 years) RXTE observations combined with two orbits of continuous observation by XMM-Newton. We show that this PSD is, in fact, well fitted by a `soft' state model which has only one break, at high frequencies. Although a `hard' state model can also fit the data, the improvement in fit by adding a second break at low frequency is not significant. Thus NGC 3783 is not unusual. These results leave Arakelian 564 as the only AGN which shows a second break at low frequencies, although in that case the very high accretion rate implies a `very high', rather than `hard' state PSD. The break frequency found in NGC 3783 is consistent with the expectation based on comparisons with other AGN and GBHs, given its black hole mass and accretion rate. Comments: MNRAS accepted

Title: Two- and three-point Green's functions in two-dimensional Landau-gauge Yang-Mills theoryCategory: hep-lat hep-ph hep-thAuthors: Axel MaasStudy Abstract: The ghost and gluon propagator and the ghost-gluon and three-gluon vertex of two-dimensional SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in (minimal) Landau gauge are studied using lattice gauge theory. It is found that the results are qualitatively similar to the ones in three and four dimensions. The propagators and the Faddeev-Popov operator behave as expected from the Gribov-Zwanziger scenario. In addition, finite volume effects affecting these Green's functions are investigated systematically. The critical infrared exponents of the propagators, as proposed in calculations using stochastic quantization and Dyson-Schwinger equations, are confirmed quantitatively. For this purpose lattices of volume up to (42.7 fm)^2 have been used. Comments: 14 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables, references added

Title: Coupled electron and phonon transport in one-dimensional atomic junctionsCategory: cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: J. T. L\"u and Jian-Sheng WangStudy Abstract: Employing the nonequilibrium Green's function method, we develop a fully quantum mechanical model to study the coupled electron-phonon transport in one-dimensional atomic junctions in the presence of a weak electron-phonon interaction. This model enables us to study the electronic and phononic transport on an equal footing. We derive the electrical and energy currents of the coupled electron-phonon system and the energy exchange between them. As an application, we study the heat dissipation in current carrying atomic junctions within the self-consistent Born approximation, which guarantees energy current conservation. We find that the inclusion of phonon transport is important in determining the heat dissipation and temperature change of the atomic junctions. Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures

Title: Observation of Spin-Orbit Berry's Phase in Magnetoresistance of a Two-Dimensional Hole Anti-dot SystemCategory: cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: Ning Kang, Eisuke Abe, Yoshiaki Hashimoto, Yasuhiro Iye, and Shingo KatsumotoStudy Abstract: We report observation of spin-orbit Berry's phase in the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) type oscillation of weak field magnetoresistance in an anti-dot lattice (ADL) of a two-dimensional hole system. An AB-type oscillation is superposed on the commensurability peak, and the main peak in the Fourier transform is clearly split up due to variation in Berry's phase originating from the spin-orbit interaction. A simulation considering Berry's phase and the phase arising from the spin-orbit shift in the momentum space shows qualitative agreement with the experiment. Comments: 13 pages, 5 figures

Title: On the dragging of light by a rotating mediumCategory: physics.optics physics.class-phAuthors: J. B. Goette, S. M. Barnett and M. PadgettStudy Abstract: When light is passing through a rotating medium the optical polarisation is rotated. Recently it has been reasoned that this rotation applies also to the transmitted image (Padgett et al. 2006). We examine these two phenomena by extending an analysis of Player (1976) to general electromagnetic fields. We find that in this more general case the wave equation inside the rotating medium has to be amended by a term which is connected to the orbital angular momentum of the light. We show that optical spin and orbital angular momentum account respectively for the rotation of the polarisation and the rotation of the transmitted image. Comments: 9 pages, 1 figure

Title: Long-range correlation and multifractality in Bach's Inventions pitchesCategory: physics.data-anAuthors: G. R. Jafari, P. Pedram, L. HedayatifarStudy Abstract: We show that it can be considered some of Bach pitches series as a stochastic process with scaling behavior. Using multifractal deterend fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) method, frequency series of Bach pitches have been analyzed. In this view we find same second moment exponents (after double profiling) in ranges (1.7-1.8) in his works. Comparing MF-DFA results of original series to those for shuffled and surrogate series we can distinguish multifractality due to long-range correlations and a broad probability density function. Finally we determine the scaling exponents and singularity spectrum. We conclude fat tail has more effect in its multifractality nature than long-range correlations. Comments: 18 page, 6 figures, to appear in JSTAT

Title: Circuit QED with a Flux Qubit Strongly Coupled to a Coplanar Transmission Line ResonatorCategory: cond-mat.supr-conAuthors: T. Lindstrom, C.H. Webster, A.Ya.Tzalenchuk, J.E. Healey, M. S. Colclough and C.M. MuirheadStudy Abstract: We propose a scheme for circuit quantum electrodynamics with a superconducting flux-qubit coupled to a high-Q coplanar resonator. Assuming realistic circuit parameters we predict that it is possible to reach the strong coupling regime. Routes to metrological applications, such as single photon generation and quantum non-demolition measurements are discussed. Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures

Title: Zero bias anomaly out of equilibriumCategory: cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-elAuthors: D. B. Gutman, Yuval Gefen, and A. D. MirlinStudy Abstract: The non-equilibrium zero bias anomaly (ZBA) in the tunneling density of states of a diffusive metallic film is studied. An effective action describing virtual fluctuations out-of-equilibrium is derived. The singular behavior of the equilibrium ZBA is smoothed out by real processes of inelastic scattering. Comments: 4 pages

Title: The First Law for Boosted Kaluza-Klein Black HolesCategory: hep-thAuthors: David Kastor, Sourya Ray and Jennie TraschenStudy Abstract: We study the thermodynamics of Kaluza-Klein black holes with momentum along the compact dimension, but vanishing angular momentum. These black holes are stationary, but non-rotating. We derive the first law for these spacetimes and find that the parameter conjugate to variations in the length of the compact direction is an effective tension, which generally differs from the ADM tension. For the boosted black string, this effective tension is always positive, while the ADM tension is negative for large boost parameter. We also derive two Smarr formulas, one that follows from time translation invariance, and a second one that holds only in the case of exact translation symmetry in the compact dimension. Finally, we show that the `tension first law' derived by Traschen and Fox in the static case has the form of a thermodynamic Gibbs-Duhem relation and give its extension in the stationary, non-rotating case. Comments: 20 pages, 0 figures; v2 - reference added

Title: The tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. I. Spherical nucleiCategory: nucl-thAuthors: T. Lesinski (IPNL), M. Bender (DAPNIA, Cenbg), K. Bennaceur (IPNL, Dapnia), T. Duguet (NSCL, Msu), J. Meyer (IPNL)Study Abstract: We perform a systematic study of the impact of the J^2 tensor term in the Skyrme energy functional on properties of spherical nuclei. In the Skyrme energy functional, the tensor terms originate both from zero-range central and tensor forces. We build a set of 36 parameterizations, which covers a wide range of the parameter space of the isoscalar and isovector tensor term coupling constants, with a fit protocol very similar to that of the successful SLy parameterizations. We analyze the impact of the tensor terms on a large variety of observables in spherical mean-field calculations, such as the spin-orbit splittings and single-particle spectra of doubly-magic nuclei, the evolution of spin-orbit splittings along chains of semi-magic nuclei, mass residuals of spherical nuclei, and known anomalies of charge radii. Our main conclusion is that the currently used central and spin-orbit parts of the Skyrme energy density functional are not flexible enough to allow for the presence of large tensor terms. Comments: 38 pages, 36 figures; Minor corrections

Title: Cosmological Singularities and a Conjectured Gravity/Coset CorrespondenceCategory: hep-thAuthors: Thibault DamourStudy Abstract: We review the recently discovered connection between the Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz-like ``chaotic'' structure of generic cosmological singularities in eleven-dimensional supergravity and the ``last'' hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra E(10). This intriguing connection suggests the existence of a hidden ``correspondence'' between supergravity (or even M-theory) and null geodesic motion on the infinite-dimensional coset space K(E(10)). If true, this gravity/coset correspondence would offer a new view of the (quantum) fate of space (and matter) at cosmological singularities. Comments: 12 pages, 1 diagram, contribution to ``String Theory and Fundamental Interactions'' -- in celebration of Gabriele Veneziano's 65th birthday -- eds. M. Gasperini and J. Maharana, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 2007

Title: GRO J1655-40: from ASCA and XMM-Newton ObservationsCategory: astro-phAuthors: Xiao-Ling Zhang, Shuang Nan Zhang, Gloria Sala, Jochen Greiner, Yuxin Feng, Yangsen YaoStudy Abstract: We have analysed four ASCA observations (1994--1995, 1996--1997) and three XMM-Newton observations (2005) of this source, in all of which the source is in high/soft state. We modeled the continuum spectra with relativistic disk model kerrbb, estimated the spin of the central black hole, and constrained the spectral hardening factor f_col and the distance. If kerrbb model applies, for normally used value of f_col, the distance cannot be very small, and f_col changes with observations. Comments: 2 pages, 1 figure, Conference proceedings to appear in "The Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei", ed. L. C. Ho and J.-M. Wang (San Francisco: ASP)

Title: The HELLAS2XMM survey. X. The bolometric output of luminous obscured quasars: The Spitzer perspectiveCategory: astro-phAuthors: F. Pozzi, C. Vignali, A. Comastri, L. Pozzetti, M. Mignoli, C. Gruppioni, G. Zamorani, C. Lari, F. Civano, M. Brusa, F. Fiore, R. Maiolino and F. La FrancaStudy Abstract: Aims: We aim at estimating the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and the physical parameters related to the black holes harbored in eight high X-ray-to-optical (F_X/F_R>10) obscured quasars at z>0.9 selected in the 2--10 keV band from the HELLAS2XMM survey. Methods: We use IRAC and MIPS 24 micron observations, along with optical and Ks-band photometry, to obtain the SEDs of the sources. The observed SEDs are modeled using a combination of an elliptical template and torus emission (using the phenomenological templates of Silva et al. 2004) for six sources associated with passive galaxies; for two point-like sources, the empirical SEDs of red quasars are adopted. The bolometric luminosities and the M_BH-L_K relation are used to provide an estimate of the masses and Eddington ratios of the black holes residing in these AGN. Results: All of our sources are detected in the IRAC and MIPS (at 24 micron) bands. The SED modeling described above is in good agreement with the observed near- and mid-infrared data. The derived bolometric luminosities are in the range ~10^45-10^47 erg s^-1, and the median 2--10 keV bolometric correction is ~25, consistent with the widely adopted value derived by Elvis et al. (1994). For the objects with elliptical-like profiles in the K_s band, we derive high stellar masses (0.8-6.2)X10^11 Mo, black hole masses in the range (0.2-2.5)X10^9 Mo, and Eddington ratios L/L_Edd<0.1, suggesting a low-accretion phase. Comments: 12 pages, 6 figures, A&A accepted. Typo corrected in the title

Title: Jumping Through Loops: On Soft Terms from Large Volume CompactificationsCategory: hep-thAuthors: Marcus Berg, Michael Haack, Enrico PajerStudy Abstract: We subject the phenomenologically successful large volume scenario of hep-th/0502058 to a first consistency check in string theory. In particular, we consider whether the expansion of the string effective action is consistent in the presence of D-branes and O-planes. Due to the no-scale structure at tree-level, the scenario is surprisingly robust. We compute the modification of soft supersymmetry breaking terms, and find only subleading corrections. We also comment that for large-volume limits of toroidal orientifolds and fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds the corrections can be more important, and we discuss further checks that need to be performed. Comments: 57 pages

Title: Driven activation versus thermal activationCategory: cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.dis-nnAuthors: Patrick Ilg and Jean-Louis BarratStudy Abstract: Activated dynamics in a glassy system undergoing steady shear deformation is studied by numerical simulations. Our results show that the external driving force has a strong influence on the barrier crossing rate, even though the reaction coordinate is only weakly coupled to the nonequilibrium system. This "driven activation" can be quantified by introducing in the Arrhenius expression an effective temperature, which is close to the one determined from the fluctuation-dissipation relation. This conclusion is supported by analytical results for a simplified model system. Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures

Title: Computation of Power Loss in Likelihood Ratio Tests for Probability Densities Extended by Lehmann AlternativesCategory: math.ST math.PR stat.ME stat.THAuthors: Lucas Gallindo Martins SoaresStudy Abstract: We compute the loss of power in likelihood ratio tests when we test the original parameter of a probability density extended by the first Lehmann alternative. Comments: 6 pages, one figure; Corrected minor typographic errors (pay special attention to one in equation 4)

Title: Vertical dynamics of disk galaxies in MONDCategory: astro-phAuthors: Carlo Nipoti (1), Pasquale Londrillo (2), HongSheng Zhao (3), Luca Ciotti (1) ((1) Bologna Univ., (2) INAF - Bologna Astr. Obs. (3) SUPA, St. Andrews Univ.)Study Abstract: We investigate the possibility of discriminating between Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and Newtonian gravity with dark matter, by studying the vertical dynamics of disk galaxies. We consider models with the same circular velocity in the equatorial plane (purely baryonic disks in MOND and the same disks in Newtonian gravity embedded in spherical dark matter haloes), and we construct their intrinsic and projected kinematical fields by solving the Jeans equations under the assumption of a two-integral distribution function. We found that the vertical velocity dispersion of deep-MOND disks can be much larger than in the equivalent spherical Newtonian models. However, in the more realistic case of high-surface density disks this effect is significantly reduced, casting doubts on the possibility of discriminating between MOND and Newtonian gravity with dark matter by using current observations. Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Added reference

Title: Al'tshuler-Aronov correction to the conductivity of a large metallic square networkCategory: cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: Christophe Texier and Gilles MontambauxStudy Abstract: We consider the correction $\Delta\sigma_\mathrm{ee}$ due to electron-electron interaction to the conductivity of a weakly disordered metal (Al'tshuler-Aronov correction). The correction is related to the spectral determinant of the Laplace operator. The case of a large square metallic network is considered. The variation of $\Delta\sigma_\mathrm{ee}(L_T)$ as a function of the thermal length $L_T$ is found very similar to the variation of the weak localization $\Delta\sigma_\mathrm{WL}(L_\phi)$ as a function of the phase coherence length. Our result for $\Delta\sigma_\mathrm{ee}$ interpolates between the known 1d and 2d results, but the interaction parameter entering the expression of $\Delta\sigma_\mathrm{ee}$ keeps a 1d behaviour. Quite surprisingly, the result is very close to the 2d logarithmic behaviour already for $L_T\sim{a}/2$, where $a$ is the lattice parameter. Comments: 6 pages, RevTex4, 3 eps figures

Title: Magnetoconductance oscillations in metallic rings and decoherence due to electron-electron interactionCategory: cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: Christophe Texier and Gilles MontambauxStudy Abstract: We study weak localization in chains of metallic rings. We show than nonlocality of quantum transport can drastically affect the behaviour of the harmonics of magnetoconductance oscillations. Two different geometries are considered: the case of rings separated by long wires compared to the phase coherence length and the case of contacted rings. In a second part we discuss the role of decoherence due to electron-electron interaction in these two geometries. Comments: 4 pages, LaTeX, 2 eps figures, proceedings of the 6th rencontres du Vietnam "Nanophysics: from fundamentals to applications", Hanoi, 6-12 August 2006

Title: Diatomic molecule as a quantum entanglement switchCategory: cond-mat.str-elAuthors: Adam RycerzStudy Abstract: We investigate a pair entanglement of electrons in diatomic molecule, modeled as a correlated double quantum dot attached to the leads. The low-temperature properties are derived from the ground state obtained by utilizing the Rejec-Ramsak variational technique within the framework of EDABI method, which combines exact diagonalization with ab initio calculations. The results show, that single-particle basis renormalization modifies the entanglement-switch effectiveness significantly. We also found the entanglement signature of a competition between an extended Kondo and singlet phases. Comments: To be presented on "The International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems" SCES'07, May 13-18, Houston, USA

Title: Quantifying social group evolutionCategory: stat.ME physics.soc-ph stat.APAuthors: Gergely Palla, Albert-Laszlo Barabasi and Tamas VicsekStudy Abstract: The rich set of interactions between individuals in the society results in complex community structure, capturing highly connected circles of friends, families, or professional cliques in a social network. Thanks to frequent changes in the activity and communication patterns of individuals, the associated social and communication network is subject to constant evolution. Our knowledge of the mechanisms governing the underlying community dynamics is limited, but is essential for a deeper understanding of the development and self-optimisation of the society as a whole. We have developed a new algorithm based on clique percolation, that allows, for the first time, to investigate the time dependence of overlapping communities on a large scale and as such, to uncover basic relationships characterising community evolution. Our focus is on networks capturing the collaboration between scientists and the calls between mobile phone users. We find that large groups persist longer if they are capable of dynamically altering their membership, suggesting that an ability to change the composition results in better adaptability. The behaviour of small groups displays the opposite tendency, the condition for stability being that their composition remains unchanged. We also show that the knowledge of the time commitment of the members to a given community can be used for estimating the community's lifetime. These findings offer a new view on the fundamental differences between the dynamics of small groups and large institutions. Comments: 11 pages, 4 figures

Title: Weak and Strong Taylor methods for numerical solutions of stochastic differential equationsCategory: q-fin.CP math.PRAuthors: Maria Siopacha and Josef TeichmannStudy Abstract: We apply results of Malliavin-Thalmaier-Watanabe for strong and weak Taylor expansions of solutions of perturbed stochastic differential equations (SDEs). In particular, we work out weight expressions for the Taylor coefficients of the expansion. The results are applied to LIBOR market models in order to deal with the typical stochastic drift and with stochastic volatility. In contrast to other accurate methods like numerical schemes for the full SDE, we obtain easily tractable expressions for accurate pricing. In particular, we present an easily tractable alternative to ``freezing the drift'' in LIBOR market models, which has an accuracy similar to the full numerical scheme. Numerical examples underline the results. Comments: 18 pages

Title: Finite bias visibility of the electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometerCategory: cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: Preden Roulleau, F. Portier, D. C. Glattli, P. Roche, A. Cavanna, G. Gaini, U. Gennser, and D. MaillyStudy Abstract: We present an original statistical method to measure the visibility of interferences in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the presence of low frequency fluctuations. The visibility presents a single side lobe structure shown to result from a gaussian phase averaging whose variance is quadratic with the bias. To reinforce our approach and validate our statistical method, the same experiment is also realized with a stable sample. It exhibits the same visibility behavior as the fluctuating one, indicating the intrinsic character of finite bias phase averaging. In both samples, the dilution of the impinging current reduces the variance of the gaussian distribution. Comments: 4 pages, 5 figures

Title: Experimental Challenges Involved in Searches for Axion-Like Particles and Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamic Effects by Sensitive Optical TechniquesCategory: hep-th hep-phAuthors: Christopher C. Davis, Joseph Harris, Robert W. Gammon, Igor I. Smolyaninov and Kyuman ChoStudy Abstract: We discuss the experimental techniques used to date for measuring the changes in polarization state of a laser produced by a strong transverse magnetic field acting in a vacuum. We point out the likely artifacts that can arise in such experiments, with particular reference to the recent PVLAS observations and the previous findings of the BFRT collaboration. Our observations are based on studies with a photon-noise limited coherent homodyne interferometer with a polarization sensitivity of 2x10^-8 rad Hz^(1/2) mW^(-1/2). Comments: 7 pages PDF

Title: Binary Systems as Test-beds of Gravity TheoriesCategory: gr-qcAuthors: Thibault DamourStudy Abstract: We review the general relativistic theory of the motion, and of the timing, of binary systems containing compact objects (neutron stars or black holes). Then we indicate the various ways one can use binary pulsar data to test the strong-field and/or radiative aspects of General Relativity, and of general classes of alternative theories of relativistic gravity. Comments: 42 pages, 3 figures, Based on lectures given at the SIGRAV School ``A Century from Einstein Relativity: Probing Gravity Theories in Binary Systems'', Villa Olmo (Como Lake, Italy), 17-21 May 2005. To appear in the Proceedings, edited by M. Colpi et al. (to be published by Springer)

Title: Hyperbolicity in unbounded convex domainsCategory: math.CVAuthors: Filippo Bracci, Alberto SaraccoStudy Abstract: We provide several equivalent characterizations of Kobayashi hyperbolicity in unbounded convex domains in terms of peak and anti-peak functions at infinity, affine lines, Bergman metric and iteration theory. Comments: 11 pages, v2 references added, v3 a proof modified

Title: Actions for the Bosonic String with the Curved WorldsheetCategory: hep-thAuthors: Davoud KamaniStudy Abstract: At first we introduce an action for the string, which leads to a worldsheet that always is curved. For this action we study the Poincar\'e symmetry and the associated conserved currents. Then, a generalization of the above action, which contains an arbitrary function of the two-dimensional scalar curvature, will be introduced. An extra scalar field enables us to modify these actions to Weyl invariant models. Comments: 8 pages, Latex, no figure, Some minor changes are introduced

Title: Bianchi Type I Massive String Magnetized Barotropic Perfect Fluid Cosmological Model in General RelativityCategory: gr-qcAuthors: Raj Bali, Umesh Kumar Pareek and Anirudh PradhanStudy Abstract: Bianchi type I massive string cosmological model with magnetic field of barotropic perfect fluid distribution through the techniques used by Latelier and Stachel, is investigated. To get the deterministic model of the universe, it is assumed that the universe is filled with barotropic perfect fluid distribution. The magnetic field is due to electric current produced along x-axis with infinite electrical conductivity. The behaviour of the model in presence and absence of magnetic field together with other physical aspects is further discussed. Comments: 10 pages, no figure. Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol. 24, No. 8 (2007), to appear

Title: General Relativity TodayCategory: gr-qcAuthors: Thibault DamourStudy Abstract: After recalling the conceptual foundations and the basic structure of general relativity, we review some of its main modern developments (apart from cosmology) : (i) the post-Newtonian limit and weak-field tests in the solar system, (ii) strong gravitational fields and black holes, (iii) strong-field and radiative tests in binary pulsar observations, (iv) gravitational waves, (v) general relativity and quantum theory. Comments: 49 pages, 5 figures, talk given at the Poincar\'e Seminar ``Gravitation et Exp\'erience'' (28 October 2006, Paris); to appear in the proceedings to be published by Birkh\"auser

Title: A procedure for finding the k-th power of a matrixCategory: math.GMAuthors: Branko Malesevic, Ivana JovovicStudy Abstract: We give a new procedure in Maple for finding the k-th power of a martix. The algorithm is based on the article [1]. Comments: Published elec. at http://www.maplesoft.com

Title: The dynamical Casimir effect in braneworldsCategory: hep-th astro-ph hep-phAuthors: Ruth Durrer and Marcus RuserStudy Abstract: In braneworld cosmology the expanding Universe is realized as a brane moving through a warped higher-dimensional spacetime. Like a moving mirror causes the creation of photons out of vacuum fluctuations, a moving brane leads to graviton production. We show that, very generically, Kaluza-Klein (KK) particles scale like stiff matter with the expansion of the Universe and can therefore not represent the dark matter in a warped braneworld. We present results for the production of massless and KK gravitons for bouncing branes in five-dimensional anti de Sitter space. We find that for a realistic bounce the back reaction from the generated gravitons will be most likely relevant. This letter summarizes the main results and conclusions from numerical simulations which are presented in detail in a long paper [M.Ruser and R. Durrer, Phys. Rev. D 76, 104014 (2007), arXiv:0704.0790] Comments: misprints corrected, matches published version

Title: Bounds on Negativity of SuperpositionsCategory: quant-phAuthors: Yong-Cheng Ou and Heng FanStudy Abstract: The entanglement quantified by negativity of pure bipartite superposed states is studied. We show that if the entanglement is quantified by the concurrence two pure states of high fidelity to one another still have nearly the same entanglement. Furthermore this conclusion can be guaranteed by our obtained inequality, and the concurrence is shown to be a continuous function even in infinite dimensions. The bounds on the negativity of superposed states in terms of those of the states being superposed are obtained. These bounds can find useful applications in estimating the amount of the entanglement of a given pure state. Comments: 5 pages

Title: Entangling Independent Photons by Time MeasurementCategory: quant-phAuthors: Matthaeus Halder, Alexios Beveratos, Nicolas Gisin, Valerio Scarani, Christoph Simon and Hugo ZbindenStudy Abstract: A quantum system composed of two or more subsystems can be in an entangled state, i.e. a state in which the properties of the global system are well defined but the properties of each subsystem are not. Entanglement is at the heart of quantum physics, both for its conceptual foundations and for applications in information processing and quantum communication. Remarkably, entanglement can be "swapped": if one prepares two independent entangled pairs A1-A2 and B1-B2, a joint measurement on A1 and B1 (called a "Bell-State Measurement", BSM) has the effect of projecting A2 and B2 onto an entangled state, although these two particles have never interacted or shared any common past[1,2]. Experiments using twin photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) have already demonstrated entanglement swapping[3-6], but here we present its first realization using continuous wave (CW) sources, as originally proposed[2]. The challenge was to achieve sufficiently sharp synchronization of the photons in the BSM. Using narrow-band filters, the coherence time of the photons that undergo the BSM is significantly increased, exceeding the temporal resolution of the detectors. Hence pulsed sources can be replaced by CW sources, which do not require any synchronization[6,7], allowing for the first time the use of completely autonomous sources. Our experiment exploits recent progress in the time precision of photon detectors, in the efficiency of photon pair production by SPDC with waveguides in nonlinear crystals[8], and in the stability of narrow-band filters. This approach is independent of the form of entanglement; we employed time-bin entangled photons[9] at telecom wavelengths. Our setup is robust against thermal or mechanical fluctuations in optical fibres thanks to cm-long coherence lengths. Comments: 13 pages, 3 figures

Title: Search for Heavy, Long-Lived Particles that Decay to Photons at CDF IICategory: hep-exAuthors: A. Abulencia et al. (CDF Collaboration)Study Abstract: We present the first search for heavy, long-lived particles that decay to photons at a hadron collider. We use a sample of photon+jet+missing transverse energy events in p-pbar collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV taken with the CDF II detector. Candidate events are selected based on the arrival time of the photon at the detector. Using an integrated luminosity of 570 pb-1 of collision data, we observe 2 events, consistent with the background estimate of 1.3+-0.7 events. While our search strategy does not rely on model-specific dynamics, we set cross section limits in a supersymmetric model with \tilde{\chi}_1^0->\gamma\gravitino and place the world-best 95% C.L. lower limit on the \tilde{\chi}_1^0 mass of 101 GeV/c^2 at \tau_{\tilde{\chi}_1^0} = 5 ns. Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Title: Dependence of the Critical Adsorption Point on Surface and Sequence Disorders for Self-Avoiding Walks Interacting with a Planar SurfaceCategory: cond-mat.stat-mechAuthors: Jesse D. Ziebarth, Yongmei Wang, Alexey Polotsky, Mengbo LuoStudy Abstract: The critical adsorption point (CAP) of self-avoiding walks (SAW) interacting with a planar surface with surface disorder or sequence disorder has been studied. We present theoretical equations, based on ones previously developed by Soteros and Whittington (J. Phys. A.: Math. Gen. 2004, 37, R279-R325), that describe the dependence of CAP on the disorders along with Monte Carlo simulation data that are in agreement with the equations. We also show simulation results that deviate from the equations when the approximations used in the theory break down. Such knowledge is the first step toward understanding the correlation of surface disorder and sequence disorder during polymer adsorption. Comments: 29 pages, 8 figures

Title: Coherent control of atomic tunnelingCategory: quant-phAuthors: John Martin and Daniel BraunStudy Abstract: We study the tunneling of a two-level atom in a double well potential while the atom is coupled to a single electromagnetic field mode of a cavity. The coupling between internal and external degrees of freedom, due to the mechanical effect on the atom from photon emission into the cavity mode, can dramatically change the tunneling behavior. We predict that in general the tunneling process becomes quasiperiodic. In a certain regime of parameters a collapse and revival of the tunneling occurs. Accessing the internal degrees of freedom of the atom with a laser allows to coherently manipulate the atom position, and in particular to prepare the atom in one of the two wells. The effects described should be observable with atoms in an optical double well trap. Comments: 6 pages revtex, 4 figures, extended version including numerical results taking into account higher vibrationnal levels

Title: Correlation functions and excitation spectrum of the frustrated ferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain in an external magnetic fieldCategory: cond-mat.str-elAuthors: T. Vekua, A. Honecker, H.-J. Mikeska, and F. Heidrich-MeisnerStudy Abstract: Magnetic field effects on the one-dimensional frustrated ferromagnetic chain are studied by means of effective field theory approaches in combination with numerical calculations utilizing Lanczos diagonalization and the density matrix renormalization group method. The nature of the ground state is shown to change from a spin-density-wave region to a nematic-like one upon approaching the saturation magnetization. The excitation spectrum is analyzed and the behavior of the single spin-flip excitation gap is studied in detail, including the emergent finite-size corrections. Comments: 6 pages

Title: Evidence of Spatially Inhomogeous Pairing on the Insulating Side of a Disorder-Tuned Superconductor-Insulator TransitionCategory: cond-mat.supr-conAuthors: K. H. Sarwa B. Tan, Kevin A. Parendo, and A. M. GoldmanStudy Abstract: Measurements of transport properties of amorphous insulating indium oxide thin films have been interpreted as evidence of the presence of superconducting islands on the insulating side of a disorder-tuned superconductor-insulator transition. Although the films are not granular, the behavior is similar to that observed in granular films. The results support theoretical models in which the destruction of superconductivity by disorder produces spatially inhomogenous pairing with a spectral gap. Comments: Revised title and content/argument. Totals: 4 pages, 3 figures

Title: Local de Broglie-Bohm Trajectories from Entangled WavefunctionsCategory: quant-phAuthors: Michael CloverStudy Abstract: We present a local interpretation of what is usually considered to be a nonlocal de Broglie-Bohm trajectory prescription for an entangled singlet state of massive particles. After reviewing various meanings of the term ``nonlocal'', we show that by using appropriately retarded wavefunctions (i.e., the locality loophole) this local model can violate Bell's inequality, without making any appeal to detector inefficiencies. We analyze a possible experimental configuration appropriate to massive two-particle singlet wavefunctions and find that as long as the particles are not ultra-relativistic, a locality loophole exists and Dirac wave(s) can propagate from Alice or Bob's changing magnetic field, through space, to the other detector, arriving before the particle and thereby allowing a local interpretation to the 2-particle de Broglie-Bohm trajectories. We also propose a physical effect due to changing magnetic fields in a Stern-Gerlach EPR setup that will throw away events and create a detector loophole in otherwise perfectly efficient detectors, an effect that is only significant for near-luminal particles that might otherwise close the locality loophole. Comments: 11 pages, no figures v2: fix minor grammatical infelicities, added some references

Title: Ground-based Microlensing SurveysCategory: astro-phAuthors: Andrew Gould (OSU), B. Scott Gaudi (OSU), David P. Bennett (Notre Dame)Study Abstract: Microlensing is a proven extrasolar planet search method that has already yielded the detection of four exoplanets. These detections have changed our understanding of planet formation ``beyond the snowline'' by demonstrating that Neptune-mass planets with separations of several AU are common. Microlensing is sensitive to planets that are generally inaccessible to other methods, in particular cool planets at or beyond the snowline, very low-mass (i.e. terrestrial) planets, planets orbiting low-mass stars, free-floating planets, and even planets in external galaxies. Such planets can provide critical constraints on models of planet formation, and therefore the next generation of extrasolar planet searches should include an aggressive and well-funded microlensing component. When combined with the results from other complementary surveys, next generation microlensing surveys can yield an accurate and complete census of the frequency and properties of planets, and in particular low-mass terrestrial planets. Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, white paper submitted to the NASA/NSF Exoplanet Task Force

Title: The luminous infrared composite Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 7679 through the [O III] 5007 emission lineCategory: astro-phAuthors: I. M. Yankulova (1), V. K. Golev (1), K. Jockers (2) ((1) Department of Astronomy, St Kliment Okhridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria (2) Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung, Germany)Study Abstract: NGC 7679 is a nearby luminous infrared Sy2 galaxy in which starburst and AGN activities co-exist. The ionization structure is maintained by both the AGN power-law continuum and starburst. The galaxy is a bright X-ray source possessing a low X-ray column density N_H < 4 x 10^20 cm^{-2}. The Compton-thin nature of such unabsorbed objects infers that the simple formulation of the Unified model for SyGs is not applicable in their case. The main goal of this article is to investigate both gas distribution and ionization structure in the circumnuclear region of NGC 7679 in search for the presence of a hidden Sy1 nucleus, using the [O III] 5007 luminosity as a tracer of AGN activity. The [O III] 5007 image of the NGC 7679 shows elliptical isophotes extended along the PA ~ 80 deg in the direction to the counterpart galaxy NGC 7682. The maximum of ionization by the AGN power-law continuum traced by [O III] 5007/Halpha ratio is displaced by ~ 13 arcsec eastward from the nucleus. We conclude that the dust and gas in the high ionization direction has a direct view to the central AGN engine. This possibly results in dust/star-formation decay. A large fraction of the unabsorbed Compton-thin Sy2s with [O III] luminosity > 10^41 erg s^{-1} possesses a hidden AGN source (abridged). Comments: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 6 figures

Title: The Fermionic Density-functional at Feshbach ResonanceCategory: cond-mat.otherAuthors: Michael Seidl and Rajat K. BhaduriStudy Abstract: We consider a dilute gas of neutral unpolarized fermionic atoms at zero temperature.The atoms interact via a short range (tunable) attractive interaction. We demonstrate analytically a curious property of the gas at unitarity. Namely, the correlation energy of the gas, evaluated by second order perturbation theory, has the same density dependence as the first order exchange energy, and the two almost exactly cancel each other at Feshbach resonance irrespective of the shape of the potential, provided $(\mu r_s) >> 1$. Here $(\mu)^{-1}$ is the range of the two-body potential, and $r_s$ is defined through the number density $n=3/(4\pi r_s^3)$. The implications of this result for universality is discussed. Comments: Five pages, one table. accepted for publication in PRA

Title: Chemical EvolutionCategory: astro-phAuthors: Francesca MatteucciStudy Abstract: In this series of lectures we first describe the basic ingredients of galactic chemical evolution and discuss both analytical and numerical models. Then we compare model results for the Milky Way, Dwarf Irregulars, Quasars and the Intra-Cluster- Medium with abundances derived from emission lines. These comparisons allow us to put strong constraints on the stellar nucleosynthesis and the mechanisms of galaxy formation. Comments: 56 pages, Lectures delivered at the XVIII Canarie Winter School on "Emission Lines Universe"

Title: Suppression of 1/f noise in one-qubit systemsCategory: quant-phAuthors: Pekko Kuopanportti, Mikko Mottonen, Ville Bergholm, Olli-Pentti Saira, Jun Zhang, and K. Birgitta WhaleyStudy Abstract: We investigate the generation of quantum operations for one-qubit systems under classical noise with 1/f^\alpha power spectrum, where 2>\alpha > 0. We present an efficient way to approximate the noise with a discrete multi-state Markovian fluctuator. With this method, the average temporal evolution of the qubit density matrix under 1/f^\alpha noise can be feasibly determined from recently derived deterministic master equations. We obtain qubit operations such as quantum memory and the NOT}gate to high fidelity by a gradient based optimization algorithm. For the NOT gate, the computed fidelities are qualitatively similar to those obtained earlier for random telegraph noise. In the case of quantum memory however, we observe a nonmonotonic dependency of the fidelity on the operation time, yielding a natural access rate of the memory. Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures

Title: Stability of a colocated finite volume scheme for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equationsCategory: math.NAAuthors: Sebastien ZimmermannStudy Abstract: We introduce a finite volume scheme for the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We use a triangular mesh. The unknowns for the velocity and pressure are both piecewise constant (colocated scheme). We use a projection (fractional-step) method to deal with the incompressibility constraint. We prove that the differential operators in the Navier-Stokes equations and their discrete counterparts share similar properties. In particular, we state an inf-sup (Babuska-Brezzi) condition. We infer from it the stability of the scheme. Comments: preprint; 18 pages; no figures

Title: Collective behavior of stock price movements in an emerging marketCategory: q-fin.ST cond-mat.other physics.data-an physics.soc-phAuthors: Raj Kumar Pan and Sitabhra SinhaStudy Abstract: To investigate the universality of the structure of interactions in different markets, we analyze the cross-correlation matrix C of stock price fluctuations in the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India. We find that this emerging market exhibits strong correlations in the movement of stock prices compared to developed markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This is shown to be due to the dominant influence of a common market mode on the stock prices. By comparison, interactions between related stocks, e.g., those belonging to the same business sector, are much weaker. This lack of distinct sector identity in emerging markets is explicitly shown by reconstructing the network of mutually interacting stocks. Spectral analysis of C for NSE reveals that, the few largest eigenvalues deviate from the bulk of the spectrum predicted by random matrix theory, but they are far fewer in number compared to, e.g., NYSE. We show this to be due to the relative weakness of intra-sector interactions between stocks, compared to the market mode, by modeling stock price dynamics with a two-factor model. Our results suggest that the emergence of an internal structure comprising multiple groups of strongly coupled components is a signature of market development. Comments: 10 pages, 10 figures

Title: Galaxy morphologies and environment in the Abell 901/902 supercluster from COMBO-17Category: astro-phAuthors: K. P. Lane, M. E. Gray, A. Aragon-Salamanca, C. Wolf and K. MeisenheimerStudy Abstract: We present a morphological study of galaxies in the A901/902 supercluster from the COMBO-17 survey. A total of 570 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the range 0.155 < z_phot < 0.185 are visually classified by three independent classifiers to M_V=-18. These morphological classifications are compared to local galaxy density, distance from the nearest cluster centre, local surface mass density from weak lensing, and photometric classification. At high local galaxy densities, log(Sigma_10 /Mpc^2) > 1.5, a classical morphology-density relation is found. A correlation is also found between morphology and local projected surface mass density, but no trend is observed with distance to the nearest cluster. This supports the finding that local environment is more important to galaxy morphology than global cluster properties. The breakdown of the morphological catalogue by colour shows a dominance of blue galaxies in the galaxies displaying late-type morphologies and a corresponding dominance of red galaxies in the early-type population. Using the 17-band photometry from COMBO-17, we further split the supercluster red sequence into old passive galaxies and galaxies with young stars and dust according to the prescription of Wolf et al. (2005). We find that the dusty star-forming population describes an intermediate morphological group between late-type and early-type galaxies, supporting the hypothesis that field and group spiral galaxies are transformed into S0s and, perhaps, ellipticals during cluster infall. Comments: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 7 pages, 6 figures

Title: K_0-theory of n-potents in rings and algebrasCategory: math.KT math.RAAuthors: Efton Park and Jody TroutStudy Abstract: Let $n \geq 2$ be an integer. An \emph{$n$-potent} is an element $e$ of a ring $R$ such that $e^n = e$. In this paper, we study $n$-potents in matrices over $R$ and use them to construct an abelian group $K_0^n(R)$. If $A$ is a complex algebra, there is a group isomorphism $K_0^n(A) \cong \bigl(K_0(A)\bigr)^{n-1}$ for all $n \geq 2$. However, for algebras over cyclotomic fields, this is not true in general. We consider $K_0^n$ as a covariant functor, and show that it is also functorial for a generalization of homomorphism called an \emph{$n$-homomorphism}. Comments: To appear in the European Journal of Mathematics

Title: Spin coupling in zigzag Wigner crystalsCategory: cond-mat.mes-hallAuthors: A. D. Klironomos, Julia S. Meyer, T. Hikihara, K. A. MatveevStudy Abstract: We consider interacting electrons in a quantum wire in the case of a shallow confining potential and low electron density. In a certain range of densities, the electrons form a two-row (zigzag) Wigner crystal whose spin properties are determined by nearest and next-nearest neighbor exchange as well as by three- and four-particle ring exchange processes. The phase diagram of the resulting zigzag spin chain has regions of complete spin polarization and partial spin polarization in addition to a number of unpolarized phases, including antiferromagnetism and dimer order as well as a novel phase generated by the four-particle ring exchange. Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures

Title: Decoupling Supergravity from the SuperstringCategory: hep-thAuthors: Michael B. Green, Hirosi Ooguri, and John H. SchwarzStudy Abstract: We consider the conditions necessary for obtaining perturbative maximal supergravity in d dimensions as a decoupling limit of type II superstring theory compactified on a (10 -- d)-torus. For dimensions d = 2 and d = 3 it is possible to define a limit in which the only finite-mass states are the 256 massless states of maximal supergravity. However, in dimensions d > 3 there are infinite towers of additional massless and finite-mass states. These correspond to Kaluza--Klein charges, wound strings, Kaluza--Klein monopoles or branes wrapping around cycles of the toroidal extra dimensions. We conclude that perturbative supergravity cannot be decoupled from string theory in dimensions d > 3. In particular, we conjecture that pure N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions is in the Swampland. Comments: 9 pages

Title: Frobenius splitting and geometry of $G$-Schubert varietiesCategory: math.AG math.AC math.RTAuthors: Xuhua He and Jesper Funch ThomsenStudy Abstract: Let $X$ be an equivariant embedding of a connected reductive group $G$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic. Let $B$ denote a Borel subgroup of $G$. A $G$-Schubert variety in $X$ is a subvariety of the form $\diag(G) \cdot V$, where $V$ is a $B \times B$-orbit closure in $X$. In the case where $X$ is the wonderful compactification of a group of adjoint type, the $G$-Schubert varieties are the closures of Lusztig's $G$-stable pieces. We prove that $X$ admits a Frobenius splitting which is compatible with all $G$-Schubert varieties. Moreover, when $X$ is smooth, projective and toroidal, then any $G$-Schubert variety in $X$ admits a stable Frobenius splitting along an ample divisors. Although this indicates that $G$-Schubert varieties have nice singularities we present an example of a non-normal $G$-Schubert variety in the wonderful compactification of a group of type $G_2$. Finally we also extend the Frobenius splitting results to the more general class of $\mathcal R$-Schubert varieties. Comments: Final version, 44 pages

Title: High Energy Variability Of Synchrotron-Self Compton Emitting Sources: Why One Zone Models Do Not Work And How We Can Fix ItCategory: astro-phAuthors: Philip B. Graff, Markos Georganopoulos, Eric S. Perlman, Demosthenes KazanasStudy Abstract: With the anticipated launch of GLAST, the existing X-ray telescopes, and the enhanced capabilities of the new generation of TeV telescopes, developing tools for modeling the variability of high energy sources such as blazars is becoming a high priority. We point out the serious, innate problems one zone synchrotron-self Compton models have in simulating high energy variability. We then present the first steps toward a multi zone model where non-local, time delayed Synchrotron-self Compton electron energy losses are taken into account. By introducing only one additional parameter, the length of the system, our code can simulate variability properly at Compton dominated stages, a situation typical of flaring systems. As a first application, we were able to reproduce variability similar to that observed in the case of the puzzling `orphan' TeV flares that are not accompanied by a corresponding X-ray flare. Comments: to appear in the 1st GLAST symposium proceedings

Title: Fusion of radioactive $^{132}$Sn with $^{64}$NiCategory: nucl-exAuthors: J. F. Liang, D. Shapira, J. R. Beene, C. J. Gross, R. L. Varner, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. Gomez del Campo, P. A. Hausladen, P. E. Mueller, D. W. Stracener, H. Amro, J. J. Kolata, J. D. Bierman, A. L. Caraley, K. L. Jones, Y. Larochelle, W. Loveland, D. PetersonStudy Abstract: Evaporation residue and fission cross sections of radioactive $^{132}$Sn on $^{64}$Ni were measured near the Coulomb barrier. A large sub-barrier fusion enhancement was observed. Coupled-channel calculations including inelastic excitation of the projectile and target, and neutron transfer are in good agreement with the measured fusion excitation function. When the change in nuclear size and shift in barrier height are accounted for, there is no extra fusion enhancement in $^{132}$Sn+$^{64}$Ni with respect to stable Sn+$^{64}$Ni. A systematic comparison of evaporation residue cross sections for the fusion of even $^{112-124}$Sn and $^{132}$Sn with $^{64}$Ni is presented. Comments: 9 pages, 11 figures

Title: Tri-layer superlattices: A route to magnetoelectric multiferroics?Category: cond-mat.mtrl-sciAuthors: Alison J. Hatt and Nicola A. SpaldinStudy Abstract: We explore computationally the formation of tri-layer superlattices as an alternative approach for combining ferroelectricity with magnetism to form magnetoelectric multiferroics. We find that the contribution to the superlattice polarization from tri-layering is small compared to typical polarizations in conventionalferroelectrics, and the switchable ferroelectric component is negligible. In contrast, we show that epitaxial strain and ``negative pressure'' can yield large, switchable polarizations that are compatible with the coexistence of magnetism, even in materials with no active ferroelectric ions. Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures; references added, and minor editorial changes made

Title: Testing outer boundary treatments for the Einstein equationsCategory: gr-qcAuthors: Oliver Rinne, Lee Lindblom and Mark A. ScheelStudy Abstract: Various methods of treating outer boundaries in numerical relativity are compared using a simple test problem: a Schwarzschild black hole with an outgoing gravitational wave perturbation. Numerical solutions computed using different boundary treatments are compared to a `reference' numerical solution obtained by placing the outer boundary at a very large radius. For each boundary treatment, the full solutions including constraint violations and extracted gravitational waves are compared to those of the reference solution, thereby assessing the reflections caused by the artificial boundary. These tests use a first-order generalized harmonic formulation of the Einstein equations. Constraint-preserving boundary conditions for this system are reviewed, and an improved boundary condition on the gauge degrees of freedom is presented. Alternate boundary conditions evaluated here include freezing the incoming characteristic fields, Sommerfeld boundary conditions, and the constraint-preserving boundary conditions of Kreiss and Winicour. Rather different approaches to boundary treatments, such as sponge layers and spatial compactification, are also tested. Overall the best treatment found here combines boundary conditions that preserve the constraints, freeze the Newman-Penrose scalar Psi_0, and control gauge reflections. Comments: Modified to agree with version accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Grav

Title: Stability of a finite volume scheme for the incompressible fluidsCategory: math.NAAuthors: Sebastien ZimmermannStudy Abstract: We introduce a finite volume scheme for the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We use a triangular mesh. The unknowns for the velocity and pressure are respectively piecewise constant and affine. We use a projection method to deal with the incompressibility constraint. We show that the differential operators in the Navier-Stokes equations and their discrete counterparts share similar properties. In particular we state an inf-sup (Babuska-Brezzi) condition. Using these properties we infer the stability of the scheme. Comments: preprint; 14 pages; no figures

Title: D-brane Instantons on the T^6/Z_3 orientifoldCategory: hep-thAuthors: Massimo Bianchi, Francesco Fucito and Jose F. MoralesStudy Abstract: We give a detailed microscopic derivation of gauge and stringy instanton generated superpotentials for gauge theories living on D3-branes at Z_3-orientifold singularities. Gauge instantons are generated by D(-1)-branes and lead to Affleck, Dine and Seiberg (ADS) like superpotentials in the effective N=1 gauge theories with three generations of bifundamental and anti/symmetric matter. Stringy instanton effects are generated by Euclidean ED3-branes wrapping four-cycles on T^6/\Z_3. They give rise to Majorana masses in one case and non-renormalizable superpotentials for the other cases. Finally we determine the conditions under which ADS like superpotentials are generated in N=1 gauge theories with adjoints, fundamentals, symmetric and antisymmetric chiral matter. Comments: 31 pages, no figures

Title: Viscoplastic Properties and Tribological Behavior of Diamond-Like Carbon Films Using Nanoindentation and Nanoscratch TestsCategory: cond-mat.mtrl-sciAuthors: Viviane Turq (LTDS), Julien Fontaine (LTDS), Jean-Luc Loubet (LTDS), Denis Mazuyer (LTDS)Study Abstract: Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) films have been shown to demonstrate various tribological behaviors: in ultra-high vacuum (UHV), with either friction coefficients as low as 0.01 or less and very mild wear, or very high friction coefficients (>0.4) and drastic wear. These behaviors depend notably on gaseous environment, hydrogen content of the film [1], and on its viscoplastic properties [2,3]. A relation between superlow friction in UHV and viscoplasticity has indeed been established for a-C:H films and confirmed for a fluorinated sample (a-C:F:H). In this study, nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests were conducted in ambient air, using a nanoindentation apparatus, in order to evaluate tribological behaviors, as well as mechanical and viscoplastic properties of different amorphous carbon films. Comments: Conference was held in Kobe, JAPAN 29th of May to 2nd of June 2005

Title: Implication of the D^0 Width Difference On CP-Violation in D^0-\bar D^0 MixingCategory: hep-phAuthors: Patricia BallStudy Abstract: Both BaBar and Belle have found evidence for a non-zero width difference in the $D^0$-$\bar D^0$ system. Although there is no direct experimental evidence for CP-violation in $D$ mixing (yet), we show that the measured values of the width difference $y\sim \Delta\Gamma$ already imply constraints on the CP-violating phase in $D$ mixing, which, if significantly different from zero, would be an unambiguous signal of new physics. Comments: 9 pages; typos removed

Title: Convergence of a finite volume scheme for the incompressible fluidsCategory: math.NAAuthors: Sebastien ZimmermannStudy Abstract: We consider a finite volume scheme for the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We use a triangular mesh. The unknowns for the velocity and pressure are respectively piecewise constant and affine. We use a projection method to deal with the incompressibility constraint. In a former paper, the stability of the scheme has been proven. We infer from it its convergence. Comments: preprint; 19 pages; no figures

Title: New Close Binary Systems from the SDSS-I (Data Release Five) and the Search for Magnetic White Dwarfs in Cataclysmic Variable Progenitor SystemsCategory: astro-phAuthors: Nicole M. Silvestri(1), Mara P. Lemagie(1), Suzanne L. Hawley(1), Andrew A. West(2), Gary D. Schmidt(3), James Liebert(3), Paula Szkody(1), Lee Mannikko(1), Michael A. Wolfe(1), J. C. Barentine(4), Howard J. Brewington(4), Michael Harvanek(4), Jurik Krzesinski(5), Dan Long(4), Donald P. Schneider(6), and Stephanie A. Snedden(4) ((1) University of Washington; (2) University of California, Berkeley; (3) University of Arizona and Steward Observatory; (4) Apache Point Observatory; (5) Mt. Suhora Observatory, Cracow Pedagogical University; (6) Penn State University)Study Abstract: We present the latest catalog of more than 1200 spectroscopically-selected close binary systems observed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey through Data Release Five. We use the catalog to search for magnetic white dwarfs in cataclysmic variable progenitor systems. Given that approximately 25% of cataclysmic variables contain a magnetic white dwarf, and that our large sample of close binary systems should contain many progenitors of cataclysmic variables, it is quite surprising that we find only two potential magnetic white dwarfs in this sample. The candidate magnetic white dwarfs, if confirmed, would possess relatively low magnetic field strengths (B_WD < 10 MG) that are similar to those of intermediate-Polars but are much less than the average field strength of the current Polar population. Additional observations of these systems are required to definitively cast the white dwarfs as magnetic. Even if these two systems prove to be the first evidence of detached magnetic white dwarf + M dwarf binaries, there is still a large disparity between the properties of the presently known cataclysmic variable population and the presumed close binary progenitors. Comments: 25 pages. 8 full size figures (.eps) and 2 complete tables (.tex) are available at http://www.astro.washington.edu/nms/papers/WDM/dr5/ . Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal

Title: Dynamical Casimir effect for gravitons in bouncing braneworldsCategory: hep-th astro-ph hep-phAuthors: Marcus Ruser and Ruth DurrerStudy Abstract: We consider a two-brane system in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. We study particle creation due to the motion of the physical brane which first approaches the second static brane (contraction) and then recedes from it(expansion). The spectrum and the energy density of the generated gravitons are calculated. We show that the massless gravitons have a blue spectrum and that their energy density satisfies the nucleosynthesis bound with very mild constraints on the parameters. We also show that the Kaluza-Klein modes cannot provide the dark matter in an anti-de-Sitter braneworld. However, for natural choices of parameters, backreaction from the Kaluza-Klein gravitons may well become important. The main findings of this work have been published in the form of a Letter [R. Durrer and M. Ruser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 071601 (2007), arXiv:0704.0756]. Comments: 40 pages, 34 figures, improved and extended version, matches published version

Title: Spectral analysis of Swift long GRBs with known redshiftCategory: astro-phAuthors: J. I. Cabrera (1), C. Firmani (2,1), V. Avila-Reese (1), G. Ghirlanda (2), G. Ghisellini (2), L. Nava (2,3) ((1)U.N.A.M., (2)INAF-OAB, (3)Univ. Insubria)Study Abstract: We study the spectral and energetics properties of 47 long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshift, all of them detected by the Swift satellite. Due to the narrow energy range (15-150 keV) of the Swift-BAT detector, the spectral fitting is reliable only for fitting models with 2 or 3 parameters. As high uncertainty and correlation among the errors is expected, a careful analysis of the errors is necessary. We fit both the power law (PL, 2 parameters) and cut--off power law (CPL, 3 parameters) models to the time-integrated spectra of the 47 bursts, and present the corresponding parameters, their uncertainties, and the correlations among the uncertainties. The CPL model is reliable only for 29 bursts for which we estimate the nuf_nu peak energy Epk. For these GRBs, we calculate the energy fluence and the rest- frame isotropic-equivalent radiated energy, Eiso, as well as the propagated uncertainties and correlations among them. We explore the distribution of our homogeneous sample of GRBs on the rest-frame diagram E'pk vs Eiso. We confirm a significant correlation between these two quantities (the "Amati" relation) and we verify that, within the uncertainty limits, no outliers are present. We also fit the spectra to a Band model with the high energy power law index frozen to -2.3, obtaining a rather good agreement with the "Amati" relation of non-Swift GRBs. Comments: 16 pages. To appear in MNRAS. Minor changes were introduced in this last version

Title: The Relationship Between Molecular Gas Tracers and Kennicutt-Schmidt LawsCategory: astro-phAuthors: Mark R. Krumholz and Todd A. Thompson (Princeton University)Study Abstract: We provide a model for how Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) laws, which describe the correlation between star formation rate and gas surface or volume density, depend on the molecular line chosen to trace the gas. We show that, for lines that can be excited at low temperatures, the KS law depends on how the line critical density compares to the median density in a galaxy's star-forming molecular clouds. High critical density lines trace regions with similar physical properties across galaxy types, and this produces a linear correlation between line luminosity and star formation rate. Low critical density lines probe regions whose properties vary across galaxies, leading to a star formation rate that varies superlinearly with line luminosity. We show that a simple model in which molecular clouds are treated as isothermal and homogenous can quantitatively reproduce the observed correlations between galactic luminosities in far infrared and in the CO(1->0) and HCN(1->0) lines, and naturally explains why these correlations have different slopes. We predict that IR-line luminosity correlations should change slope for galaxies in which the median density is close to the line critical density. This prediction may be tested by observations of lines such as HCO^+(1->0) with intermediate critical densities, or by HCN(1->0) observations of intensely star-forming high redshift galaxies with very high densities. Recent observations by Gao et al. hint at just such a change in slope. We argue that deviations from linearity in the HCN(1->0)-IR correlation at high luminosity are consistent with the assumption of a constant star formation efficiency. Comments: Accepted to ApJ. 11 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj format. This version has some additional models exploring the effects of varying metallicity and temperature. The conclusions are unchanged

Title: Friedmann Equations and Thermodynamics of Apparent HorizonsCategory: hep-th astro-ph gr-qcAuthors: Yungui Gong and Anzhong WangStudy Abstract: With the help of a masslike function which has dimension of energy and equals to the Misner-Sharp mass at the apparent horizon, we show that the first law of thermodynamics of the apparent horizon $dE=T_AdS_A$ can be derived from the Friedmann equation in various theories of gravity, including the Einstein, Lovelock, nonlinear, and scalar-tensor theories. This result strongly suggests that the relationship between the first law of thermodynamics of the apparent horizon and the Friedmann equation is not just a simple coincidence, but rather a more profound physical connection. Comments: no figures, V2: re-organized and re-writtend, main results and conclusion unchanged, Phys. Rev. Lett. in press

Title: Constraints on the Interactions between Dark Matter and Baryons from the X-ray Quantum Calorimetry ExperimentCategory: astro-phAuthors: Adrienne L. Erickcek (1), Paul J. Steinhardt (2), Dan McCammon (3), Patrick C. McGuire (4)((1)Caltech, (2)Princeton University, (3)University of Wisconsin, (4)Washington University)Study Abstract: Although the rocket-based X-ray Quantum Calorimetry (XQC) experiment was designed for X-ray spectroscopy, the minimal shielding of its calorimeters, its low atmospheric overburden, and its low-threshold detectors make it among the most sensitive instruments for detecting or constraining strong interactions between dark matter particles and baryons. We use Monte Carlo simulations to obtain the precise limits the XQC experiment places on spin-independent interactions between dark matter and baryons, improving upon earlier analytical estimates. We find that the XQC experiment rules out a wide range of nucleon-scattering cross sections centered around one barn for dark matter particles with masses between 0.01 and 10^5 GeV. Our analysis also provides new constraints on cases where only a fraction of the dark matter strongly interacts with baryons. Comments: 15 pages, 9 figures. Extended discussion of methodology, to appear in PRD

Title: Heavy-Light Semileptonic Decays in Staggered Chiral Perturbation TheoryCategory: hep-latAuthors: C. Aubin and C. BernardStudy Abstract: We calculate the form factors for the semileptonic decays of heavy-light pseudoscalar mesons in partially quenched staggered chiral perturbation theory (\schpt), working to leading order in $1/m_Q$, where $m_Q$ is the heavy quark mass. We take the light meson in the final state to be a pseudoscalar corresponding to the exact chiral symmetry of staggered quarks. The treatment assumes the validity of the standard prescription for representing the staggered ``fourth root trick'' within \schpt by insertions of factors of 1/4 for each sea quark loop. Our calculation is based on an existing partially quenched continuum chiral perturbation theory calculation with degenerate sea quarks by Becirevic, Prelovsek and Zupan, which we generalize to the staggered (and non-degenerate) case. As a by-product, we obtain the continuum partially quenched results with non-degenerate sea quarks. We analyze the effects of non-leading chiral terms, and find a relation among the coefficients governing the analytic valence mass dependence at this order. Our results are useful in analyzing lattice computations of form factors $B\to\pi$ and $D\to K$ when the light quarks are simulated with the staggered action. Comments: 53 pages, 8 figures, v2: Minor correction to the section on finite volume effects, and typos fixed. Version to be published in Phys. Rev. D

Title: A density tensor hierarchy for open system dynamics: retrieving the noiseCategory: quant-ph astro-ph cond-mat.stat-mech hep-ph math-ph math.MPAuthors: Stephen L. AdlerStudy Abstract: We introduce a density tensor hierarchy for open system dynamics, that recovers information about fluctuations lost in passing to the reduced density matrix. For the case of fluctuations arising from a classical probability distribution, the hierarchy is formed from expectations of products of pure state density matrix elements, and can be compactly summarized by a simple generating function. For the case of quantum fluctuations arising when a quantum system interacts with a quantum environment in an overall pure state, the corresponding hierarchy is defined as the environmental trace of products of system matrix elements of the full density matrix. Only the lowest member of the quantum noise hierarchy is directly experimentally measurable. The unit trace and idempotence properties of the pure state density matrix imply descent relations for the tensor hierarchies, that relate the order $n$ tensor, under contraction of appropriate pairs of tensor indices, to the order $n-1$ tensor. As examples to illustrate the classical probability distribution formalism, we consider a quantum system evolving by It\^o stochastic and by jump process Schr\"odinger equations. As examples to illustrate the corresponding trace formalism in the quantum fluctuation case, we consider collisional Brownian motion of an infinite mass Brownian particle, and the weak coupling Born-Markov master equation. In different specializations, the latter gives the hierarchies generalizing the quantum optical master equation and the Caldeira--Leggett master equation. As a further application of the density tensor, we contrast stochastic Schr\"odinger equations that reduce and that do not reduce the state vector, and discuss why a quantum system coupled to a quantum environment behaves like the latter. Comments: TeX, 58 pages v2: minor editing and typos corrected; v3: some significant revisions and shortening; v4: has final corrections in published version

Title: Scalar self-force on eccentric geodesics in Schwarzschild spacetime: a time-domain computationCategory: gr-qcAuthors: Roland HaasStudy Abstract: We calculate the self-force acting on a particle with scalar charge moving on a generic geodesic around a Schwarzschild black hole. This calculation requires an accurate computation of the retarded scalar field produced by the moving charge; this is done numerically with the help of a fourth-order convergent finite-difference scheme formulated in the time domain. The calculation also requires a regularization procedure, because the retarded field is singular on the particle's world line; this is handled mode-by-mode via the mode-sum regularization scheme first introduced by Barack and Ori. This paper presents the numerical method, various numerical tests, and a sample of results for mildly eccentric orbits as well as ``zoom-whirl'' orbits. Comments: 18 pages, 18 figures, RevTeX4 some typos fixed, published version

Title: Nonimmersions of RP^n implied by tmf, revisitedCategory: math.ATAuthors: Donald M. Davis and Mark MahowaldStudy Abstract: In a 2002 paper, the authors and Bruner used the new spectrum tmf to obtain some new nonimmersions of real projective spaces. In this note, we complete/correct two oversights in that paper. The first is to note that in that paper a general nonimmersion result was stated which yielded new nonimmersions for RP^n with n as small as 48, and yet it was stated there that the first new result occurred when n=1536. Here we give a simple proof of those overlooked results. Secondly, we fill in a gap in the proof of the 2002 paper. There it was claimed that an axial map f must satisfy f^*(X)=X_1+X_2. We realized recently that this is not clear. However, here we show that it is true up multiplication by a unit in the appropriate ring, and so we retrieve all the nonimmersion results claimed in the original paper. Finally, we present a complete determination of tmf^{8*}(RP^\infty\times RP^\infty) and tmf^*(CP^\infty\times CP^\infty) in positive dimensions. Comments: 35 pages; author produced PDF available at http://www.lehigh.edu/~dmd1/overlook4.pdf

Title: Spin Evolution of Accreting Neutron Stars: Nonlinear Development of the R-mode InstabilityCategory: astro-ph gr-qcAuthors: Ruxandra Bondarescu, Saul A. Teukolsky and Ira Wasserman (Cornell University)Study Abstract: The nonlinear saturation of the r-mode instability and its effects on the spin evolution of Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) are modeled using the triplet of modes at the lowest parametric instability threshold. We solve numerically the coupled equations for the three mode amplitudes in conjunction with the spin and temperature evolution equations. We observe that very quickly the mode amplitudes settle into quasi-stationary states. Once these states are reached, the mode amplitudes can be found algebraically and the system of equations is reduced from eight to two equations: spin and temperature evolution. Eventually, the system may reach thermal equilibrium and either (1) undergo a cyclic evolution with a frequency change of at most 10%, (2) evolve toward a full equilibrium state in which the accretion torque balances the gravitational radiation emission, or (3) enter a thermogravitational runaway on a very long timescale of about $10^6$ years. Alternatively, a faster thermal runaway (timescale of about 100 years) may occur. The sources of damping considered are shear viscosity, hyperon bulk viscosity and boundary layer viscosity. We vary proprieties of the star such as the hyperon superfluid transition temperature T_c, the fraction of the star that is above the threshold for direct URCA reactions, and slippage factor, and map the different scenarios we obtain to ranges of these parameters. For all our bound evolutions the r-mode amplitude remains small $\sim 10^{-5}$. The spin frequency is limited by boundary layer viscosity to $\nu_{max} \sim 800 Hz [S_{ns}/(M_{1.4} R_6)]^{4/11} T_8^{-2/11}$. We find that for $\nu > 700$ Hz the r-mode instability would be active for about 1 in 1000 LMXBs and that only the gravitational waves from LMXBs in the local group of galaxies could be detected by advanced LIGO interferometers. Comments: 18 pages, 9 figures. Error Corrected. Includes referee input. Corrected References

Title: Quantum AuctionsCategory: quant-phAuthors: Tad Hogg, Pavithra Harsha and Kay-Yut ChenStudy Abstract: We present a quantum auction protocol using superpositions to represent bids and distributed search to identify the winner(s). Measuring the final quantum state gives the auction outcome while simultaneously destroying the superposition. Thus non-winning bids are never revealed. Participants can use entanglement to arrange for correlations among their bids, with the assurance that this entanglement is not observable by others. The protocol is useful for information hiding applications, such as partnership bidding with allocative externality or concerns about revealing bidding preferences. The protocol applies to a variety of auction types, e.g., first or second price, and to auctions involving either a single item or arbitrary bundles of items (i.e., combinatorial auctions). We analyze the game-theoretical behavior of the quantum protocol for the simple case of a sealed-bid quantum, and show how a suitably designed adiabatic search reduces the possibilities for bidders to game the auction. This design illustrates how incentive rather that computational constraints affect quantum algorithm choices. Comments: 38 pages, 3 figures