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ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืฉืืจืคืข ืงืขื’ื ืขืจืก.
ืื™ื“ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจื ื˜: ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื“ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคื™ืœ ืื™ืฉื•, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ืื•ื™ืกื ืืžืขืŸ, ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ืืก ืฆื• ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืงืกื™ืงืื ืข ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื”'ื“ื™ื’ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜.
ื”ืจื‘ ืคืจืขื ืงืœ ืคึฟืœืขื’ ืคึฟืืจืŸ ืืœืก ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฆื•ื "ืืžืจื™-ืืžืช" ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืจ, ืกื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืคื•ื™ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื™ ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื ืื›ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ืจืื”, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืจื™-ืืžืช ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื ืืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจ, ื”ื’ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฆื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื”ืกืชืœืงื•ืช ืคื•ื ืขื ืืžืจื™ ืืžืช, ืื™ื– ื”ืจื‘ ืคืจืขื ืงืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืžืงื•ืจืช ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ, ื“ืขื "ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ".
ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื“ืžืข ื“ืขืจ ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ืคืืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ื•ืช.
(ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™, ืงืขืŸ ืืฒึทืš ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขืŸ ืžืึธื“ื ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคึฟื™ืœ ืึธืจื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืžืข ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ, ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืขืจ - ื ื™ื˜ึพื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ืขืจืคึฟืึทืจ, ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ื‘ืฒึทื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื“ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื™ืง ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืึทืฆื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจืก ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึทืจื“ื™ื ืกื˜ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืคึฟื™ืœืฆืึธืœื™ืงืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืขืก ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืœื˜, ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ).
ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื– ืขืก ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืœืื–ื˜?
ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืžืื ื ื ืืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืŸ'ืก ืคื˜ื™ืจื” ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื, ืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืืžื‘ืจืื•ื•ื.
ืื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื”, ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืœื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืื’.
ืฉืœื•ื ืืฉ: "ื“ืขืจ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื™ื“" (ืคืจืื’ืžืขื ื˜) ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ.
ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื’ ืืฒึทืš ืคึฟืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข: ืงืœืฒึทื‘ ืื•ื™ืก ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืฉืขื”, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืื” ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื. ื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืฒึท ืื™ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืืฒึทืš ืื•ื™ืกืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืข ืฉืคึผื™ืœื˜ ื“ืขื ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ื–ื•ื ื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื–ื•ื ื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜.
ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืคื™ืจื˜ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื•ืช ืงืขื’ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ื ืืจื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืกื™ืจื™ืขืจ.
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื ืขืžื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืึท ื“ื™ืžืขื ื˜ ืจื™ื ื’ืขืœืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื‘ืฒึทื ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ืœ. ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทื˜ื•ื™ืœื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ; ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืงืึทื˜ื•ื™ืœื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืฒึทื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜.
- ื“ื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืกื˜, ืึทื– ื›ืณื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืœื™ึพืžื–ืœ? ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื• ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜: ืื™ืš ื˜ื• ืžืฒึทืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืขื ื™ื’ืŸ... ืื™ืš ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ... - ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืžื•ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืึธื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ืคึฟืจื™ึดืขืจ, ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืขืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ. - ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืกื˜, ื›ืณื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ืžืึธื ื™ึพืคึผืึธื ื™, ืึท ืคึฟืจืฒึท ืคึฟืขืจื“ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึฟืจืฒึทืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜...
ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืึทื•ื•ืข ืื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกึพืœื™ื“ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขืคึฟืœื•ื™ื’ืŸ, ื’ืขืคึฟืœื•ื™ื’ืŸ, ื’ืขืคึฟืœื•ื™ื’ืŸ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืœืึทืžืขืŸ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉืœืึทื‘ืขืจื™ืง ื’ืขืคึฟืœืึธืกืŸ, ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืึทืš ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ืจื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืœื™ื“ ื–ืฒึทื ืก - ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืฉื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืฆื™ื™ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืœึพื™ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืขืจืŸ, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืกื›ึผื ื•ืชื“ื™ืงืข ืื•ื™ืคึฟืจืฒึทืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื’ืœื™ - ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึธืœื“ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืึทื•ื•ืข ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืจ ืคึฟืœื™.
ืกื˜ืึธืžืคึผืขื“? ืึธื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ื•ืžืคึผืขื“? ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคืึธื“ืขื ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’.
ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืฆืžื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืึทืจืขื ื‘ืึทื’ืจื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ืจืข ื˜ื•ืจืงืึธื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืœืขื‘ื ืกึพื•ื•ืขืจืง, ื“ืขื "ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืคึผื™ืœ"ึพื˜ืขืึทื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟืฒึทืขืจื˜ ืฆื•ื•ืึทื ืฆื™ืง ื™ืึธืจ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืงื•ื; ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืคึฟืจื™ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื‘ื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ืงืข ื“ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืคึฟื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ, ื›ึผื“ื™ ืืฒึทื ืฆื•ึผื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœืขืŸ ื‘ืฒึทื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉึพื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœื“ื™ืงืŸ ืคึผื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ึผืกื–ืฒึทืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื˜ืขืึทื˜ืขืจ. ืกืณืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืกืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืฒึทื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืข ืคึผืœืขื ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜. ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงื•ื ืคึฟื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ึพื˜ืขืึทื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืึพืขืœื™ื›ืึพื”ื•ื™ื–, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ื™ืจืงืœืขื›ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ.
ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืืœืข ืœื™ืคื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงืืžืคื™ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืงืื ื˜ืจืืœ ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื™ื’ื ืืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ืคืืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืฉื˜ืืง ื–ื™ืš ืืคืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ.
ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึทื– ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ื™ื™ืŸ. ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืœืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ื ืึธืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื™ืœ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทืœื™ืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืขืกืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ. ื“ืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ืคึฟืจืึทื’ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืึธืก ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึธืœืง ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืœื™ื‘ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš, ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธืš ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ื–ืขืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžืขืจืขืจืข ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ืคึฟื•ืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืขื™ึดืฉืข ืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.
ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœืื˜ืŸ ื“ืืจืคืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ืกืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืก ื•ื•ื™ ืจืื ื•ื•ืขื™ืก, ืคืœื™ื•ื•ืืจื’, ื‘ืจืขื ืฉื˜ืืฃ, ืœื•ืคื˜ ื˜ืจืืคื™ืง ืื™ื ืคืืจืžืืฆื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืืจืจืขื›ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืคืœื™ื’ืขืจ.
ืžืข ืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืกื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืฆื˜ ืคืจืื™ืขืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืจืขืœืื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื˜ืขืงืŸ.
ื“ื•ืจื›ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืืก ืงื™ื ื“ ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื ืื›ื–ืื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ืข ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื“ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืื“ื ืข ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืื‘ืœืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื ืงื™ื ื“ ื’ื™ื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ.
ืงื•ืกืงื ืื™ื– ืœืื ื’ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืืคืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ื™. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคื˜ืฉื˜ืื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื ืงืขืจ ืื™ืžืคืขืจื™ืข (13ื˜ืขืจ ื™ืืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜-1532).
ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคืึทืงืขืจื–
ื”ืื ื™ื’ ื–ืืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ? 5:15 ืื™ื– ืฉืคืขื˜?
ื‘ื™ื˜ืงืึธื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืฆื•ื•ืึทื ื ึท Pula ืฆื• ื™ื•ืึทืŸ ื‘ืึธืฆื•ื•ืึทื ื ึท Pula
ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื•ื ืงื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ื“ื ืืจืืคื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื”"ื–? ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜, ืื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื ืฆื• ืžืชืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืื˜ืฉ 1 ื–ื™ื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื ื“ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.
ื“ื•ืจื›ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื™ืืจืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื“ื™ืคืขื ื‘ืขื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืจืขืžื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉืข ืื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืื•ื™ื ืขืจ ืืจื•ื™ืคื’ืขืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืœืข ืกืขืงื˜ืืจืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืจื•ื ื’.
ื™ืืคืืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืืฆืืœื˜ ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ ื–ืืœ ืื™ืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืื˜ ืฉืขื ื“ืื ื’ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื›ื™ื ืข ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื’ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ื ืื›ื’ืขื‘ืŸ.
ื”ืึทืจื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืืžืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™.
ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืืก ื ืคืืคื•ืœืขืจืข ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืคืืจ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”'ื“ื™ื’ืข ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืฃ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืืŸ ืžืœื›ื™ ืจื‘ื ืŸ.
ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืœืขืจื ื˜ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื˜ืืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืก ืคืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ื•ื ื’: "ืงื•ื ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืืก ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ laden ืœืึธื•ื“ื–, ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžื ื•ื—ื”" (ืžืชื™ื 11:28). ื”ื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื™ื—ืŸ ืคื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ืืžืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืคืขื˜ืจื•ืก ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ืึทื– ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜: "ื“ืืก ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคื™ืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืืœ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ึทืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื“" (ืึทืงืก 5.31). ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื™ื—ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ ื”ืขื›ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืฆื• ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื“.
ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืืฒึทืš ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืœื˜ืกื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉื‘ึฟื˜? ืžืขื’ืžืึทืก ืงืึธืœืึธืจืึทื“ืึธ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ.
ืงืœื•ื’ ื“ื™ืกืง ืงืœื™ื ืขืจ 5.82 ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ืึธื•ื– ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“ ื“ืึทื•ื ืœืึธื•ื“
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ืคึฟืึทืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืขืจ ืื™ืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทื ืข ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขื“ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืฅ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขึพืžืึทืžืขึพืœืฉื•ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืฆื• ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืึธื ืฆื•ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ. ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืœืข ืึทื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืข ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทื ืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ. ืคึฟืึทืจืงืขืจื˜. ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืžืฒึทื ืข ื˜ืึทื˜ืขึพืžืึทืžืข ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืŸ, ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืฆื•ื ืื•ื™ืกื‘ืจืึธืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ "ื“ื™ึพืคึผื™"ึพืœืึทื’ืขืจืŸ ื ืึธื›ืŸ ืงืจื™ื’, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืœืฒึทืš ื ืึธื›ืŸ ืึธื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคึฟื•ืคึฟืฆื™ืงืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ. ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื‘ืึธื‘ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ, ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืึท ืฆืึธืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื™ื“ืขืจึพืžืขืฉื‚ื™ื•ืช, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ึฟืจื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ึฟืจื˜ืขืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื›ืึธื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึทืจื•ื ืžื™ืจ. ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ืข, ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืึทื ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื–ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืœืฒึทื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ.
ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืกืงืึทื ื“ืึทืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ื™ึพืฉื˜ืึทื‘, ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื›ืŸ ืขืจื‘ึฟ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ืึทืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืฒึทืขื ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ึพืงืึธืžืึทื ื“ื™ืจ, ื“ืขื 'ืžืคึผื›ืดืœ'. ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึธ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืžื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ืื” ืื•ืŸ ืจืฒึทื‘ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ, ืึทืœื˜ืข ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช. ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืจืึทืžืข ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึธืคึฟื™ืฆื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืฉืึทื ืกืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื”ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืœื•ื›ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทืžื˜.
ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื ื”ืื’ืขืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ( ื”'ืชืจื›"ื” - ืœ' ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”'ืชืจื "ื” ), ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืื“ืขื ืงืข.
ืคืืžื™ืœื™ืข ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื”'ืœืข ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืจืื˜ ืžืจืช ืืœื˜ืข ื—ื™ื” ื ื˜ืื›ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื”ื•ืจื•ื•ื™ืฅ ืจื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืจืื“ื–ื™ืกืง.
ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืคึฟืึทืœืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึธื˜ืขืจืกึพื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ื ืก ื™ืึธืจืฆืฒึทื˜. ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึฟืึธืœืงืœืึธืจ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ, ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืกืš ืžืขืจ ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืึทืœืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜. ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคึผื•ืขืœึพื™ื•ืฆื ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืคึฟืขื ืึธืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคึฟืจื•ื™ ื‘ืฒึท ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื‘ึฟื“ื™ืงืข ืคึฟืขืœืงืขืจ (ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื), ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ึพื˜ืจืขื’ืขืจื™ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ื ืข ืคึฟืึธืœืงืœืึธืจึพ ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉื‚ื™ื•ืช. ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข, ื”ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืฆืฒึทื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืื’ืชึพืคึผืจื ืกื”, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ื’ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผ ืื™ื ืขื ืคึฟืึธืœืงืœืึธืจ.
ืึทื’ื‘ึฟ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืฆื™ึดื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืœืง ืฆื• ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืžืขืฉื‚ื™ื. ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืŸึพืžืขื“ื™ืึท ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜, ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฒึทื ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ ื ืึธืกื˜ืึทืœื’ื™ืฉืข ืžืึธื˜ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืกืึธื•ื•ืขื˜ื™ืฉืข ืฆืฒึทื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทืš ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืกืึธื•ื•ืขื˜ืŸึพืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืึทื ื“. ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืึทืœื™ืฉืข ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืฒึทืœืขืจื™ืฉืข ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืขืŸ, ืงื™ื ืึธึพืคึฟื™ืœืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืฆืฒึทื˜, ื“ื™ืกืงื•ืกื™ืขึพืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ืคึฟื™ืจืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ ืื™ืžืคึผืขืจื™ืข ื•ื›ึผื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืžื™ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืœืขื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืื•ืคึฟื ื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจืคึฟืœืึทื ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืžืึทื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ึพื”ืึทื ื˜.
ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ยป ืžื™ื˜ื•ื•ืืš ืžืื™ 02, 2007 5:33 pm
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกืŸ ืœื™ืกื˜ ื‘ื›ืœืœ...
ืื™ืŸ ื™ืืจ 2006 ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ืืงืฆื™ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืœื’ืืจื™ืฉืขืจ ื‘ื•ืก ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืืคื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืืจืงืข ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืืคื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.
ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืข ืœื™ื‘ืขืจืืœืข ืจืขื’ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืื– ืžืขืจ ื”ืื ื“ืœ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื“ืขืžืืงืจืื˜ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื.
ื“ื™ ืจืืกืขืœ ืื™ื ื“ืขืงืก ืžืขืกื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขืœื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ 2,000 ืงืœืขื ืขืจืข ืคื™ืจืžืขืก ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื ืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืกื˜ืืง ืžืืจืง.
ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ: ื ื™ืฉื˜ื ื•ื•ืืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื›ืืคืŸ..
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื•ื™ื–ืขื ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘?
ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืข ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืชืจืค"ื˜.
ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคื™...
ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ืœื•ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ึฟ, - ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึทืœ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืขืคึฟื ื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ - ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคึผืกืงื ื˜, ืึทื– ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ "ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื• ื‘ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜", ื“ื”ืฒึทื ื•: ื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื“, ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉื‚.
ืฉื˜ืขื›ื˜ ืืฒึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทื˜ืœืขื–ืฉืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ืฒึทื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึธืคึผืœ. ืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทื˜ยญืœืขื–ืฉืึทื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื‘ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืคึฟืฒึทืขืจ ื‘ืขืจืš 15 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜; ื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš 10 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืฉืึธืœืขื›ืฅ ืฆืขืคึฟืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš.
ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืจืฉื” ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชึผื•ืจื” ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื›ื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื›ึผื”ืŸึพื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคึฟื˜ ื˜ืจืึธื’ืŸ; ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื‘ืฒึท ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ: ื) ืึทื– ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื‘ึฟื•ื“ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชึพื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื; ื‘) ืึทื– ืขืจ ื˜ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ "ืงื•ื“ืฉ" (ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื›ึผืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชึพื”ืžืงื“ืฉ) ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจืฒึท ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื - "ื—ื•ืฉืŸ", "ืืคึฟื•ื“", "ืžืขื™ืœ". ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื "ื—ื•ืฉืŸ" ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืืฒึทื ื’ืขืจืขืžื˜ ืฆื•ื•ืขืœืฃ ืื™ื™ื“ืœืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืขืก ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืจื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืขืœืฃ ืฉื‘ึฟื˜ื™ื: ืจืื•ื‘ึฟืŸ, ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, ืœื•ื™, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืึทืดื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ "ื—ื•ืฉืŸ" ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืึธื ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืงืขื’ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื›ึผื”ืŸึพื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ "ืืคึฟื•ื“" ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ื“ืœืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืจื™ืฆื˜ ื–ืขืงืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ึฟื˜ื™ื, ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคึฟื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืขื "ืืคึฟื•ื“" ื‘ืฒึท ื“ื™ ืึทืงืกืœืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจ "ืžืขื™ืœ" ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื“ืœึพื‘ื’ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจืขื’ ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึธื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ "ืจื™ืžื•ื ื™ื", ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ "ืžื™ืœื’ืจื•ื™ืžืขืŸ" ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืžื™ื ื™ ืคึฟืขื“ืขื.
ืจื‘ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ "ืคื ื™ ืžื ื—ื"
ื™ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœืขื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื•ื•ืขื˜ืขืจืื ืขืจ ืขืกืงืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช.
ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ืคึฟื•ื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืŸ. ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ 83 ื™ืึธืจ ืึทืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ; ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืึทืœืข ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื. ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืกืขืจ ื˜ืขืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜?
ื›ื“ื™ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืจื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฆื™ืœ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ื ืฉืคื™ืœืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฆื• ืื˜ืืงื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืขื’ื ืขืจืณืก ื—ืœืงื™ื.
ืื™ื ืขื ื™ืึธืจ 1985, ื”ืึธื˜ ืจื™ื˜ืฉืึทืจื“ ืกื˜ืึธืœืžืึทืŸ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ื“ื™ "ืคึฟื•ื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืจืฒึทืข ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืขืŸ" ("FSF"), ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ "ืงืึธืคึผื™ืœืขืคึฟื˜" - ืึท ื”ื™ืคึผื•ืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ "ืงืึธืคึผื™ืจืฒึทื˜". ืกื˜ืึธืœืžืึทืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจืžื•ืœื™ืจื˜ ืึท ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื“ื™ืงืŸ ืžื™ืŸ ืœื™ืฆืขื ืฅ, "GPL", ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื ื•ืฆืขืจ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืขืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืžืึทื›ื˜ืข ืงืึธืžืขืจืฆื™ืขืœืข ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืงื˜ืŸ, ื›ึผื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคึฟืขื ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื–ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ.
ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“.
ืื™ื ืขื ื’ืขื‘ืจื•ื™ืš [ื‘ืึทื ื•ืฅ] ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื”ืขืจืฉื˜ ื‘ืฒึท ืื•ื ื“ื– ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืžื™ืฉ-ืžืึทืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืคึฟื™ืœ ืฉืึธื“ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš. ืขืก ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื’ืขืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ื›ึผืœืœื™ื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืึธืœืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืึธืœืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดื–ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.
ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืจื”, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ื—ื ื”ืก ื–ื•ืŸ (ืœื™ื™ื‘ืœืก ืงื•ื–ื™ืŸ), ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืคึฟืจื•ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื•ื•ืึทืจืขื ืื•ื™ืคึฟื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื™ื‘ืœ ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืื•ืช. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืฒึทื’ืขืจื™ืง ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืฒึทื˜ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื“ื– - ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉืข. ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ื˜ ื—ื ื”ืก ื˜ืึทื˜ืข, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื ื“ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืืจืฅึพื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœื“ื™ืงืข ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื, ื‘ืฒึท ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืึธืคึผืงื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื“ื™ ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึท ืคึผืจืฒึทื– ืฆื• ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืฒึทื ืคึฟืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•, ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื—ื ื” ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืžื ื”ืœืช ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื™ื“ืœึพืฉื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.
ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืŸ ืื•ืกืฆื•ื’ืŸ.
ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืง 11 .
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืคื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ, ืื•ื™ืš."
ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืœืึทื“ืขืงืก ืขื–ื‘ึฟื•ืŸ - ื‘ืจื™ื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ื›ึผืœืขืจืœื™ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจืŸ - ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืึธื˜ืขืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ื•-ื™ืึธืจืงืขืจ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜. ื•ื•ืœืึทื“ืขืงืก ืึทืจื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ-ื–ืึทืžืœื•ื ื’ ื•ื•ืฒึทื–ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื ืขื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืฉืขืคึฟื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื˜ืจืึธื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืขืก. ืึท ืกืš ื›ึผื•ื— ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืคึฟื™ืจืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื™ืขืงื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืงืข ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืจ.
ื”ื™ืกื˜ืืจื™ืข ื”ืขืจืฉืœ ื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืจ ืคืืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜, ืื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืข 60'ืขืจ ื™ืืจืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืืŸ, ื’ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืืก ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžื‘ืกื‘ื•ืจื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืคืืœื˜ ื ืžื™ื˜ืœื™ืขืจื™ื’ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืืจืืค ืื•ืŸ ื—ืœืฉ'ื˜ ื–ืืคืืจื˜ ืื•ื•ืขืง.
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืœืข ื•ื•ืืก ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืื–ื™ื’ืข "ืคืื‘ื™ืข" ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื™ื’, ื‘ื™ื™ ืžืื ื›ืข ืื™ื– ืขืก ื’ืืจ ืฉื˜ืืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ื– ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืื•ืคืŸ.
ืฉืขืžื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื™ื’ืข ืœื™ื™ื˜, ื’ื˜ื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ื’ืข ืจื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืืฆืืœืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืืฉืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื”ื ื ืกื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื˜ืืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื• ื“ืืก ืื–ื•ื™ื ืก ืฆื• ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ? ืื•ืžื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืžื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืœื™ืš! ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืืก ื”ืืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื’ื™ืกืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ืจืขืจืŸ, ืื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™...
ืฉื˜ืจื™ื’ืœืขืจ ืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืคึฟืขื ืึธืžืขยญื ืึทืœืึธื’ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื– ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขื ืขื’ืžืชึพื ืคึฟืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืขืžืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืžืฆื‘ึฟ ืจื•ืคึฟื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื˜, ืื™ื– ืื™ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืžืืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื–ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ - ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ื ื“ื™ืง ืื•ืžืื•ื™ืคึฟื”ืขืจืœืขืš ืœืฉื ืคึผืจื ืกื” ืึธืŸ ืึท ืžืขื’ยญืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืึธืคึผืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ, ืึธื˜ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืกืžื˜ืข ืคึผืึทืจื™ื–ืขืจ ืœื•ืคึฟื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ๏ฌปื•ื—ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืฃ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื–ืฒึทื˜, ื‘ืึทืฉื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื’ืขืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืืจืฅึพื™๏ฌซืจืืœื“ื™ืงืข ื•ื•ื™ืจืงืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื‘ื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ. ืขืจ ืคึฟื™ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืืจืฅึพื™๏ฌซืจืืœ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ื ืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ "ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื™๏ฌซืจืืœ ืžื•ื– ืžืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ - ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ืขืก ื“ืึธ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ - ื–ื™ืš ืึทื“ื•ืจื›ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขื’ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ื•ืžืœ; ืžืขืŸ ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืจืฒึทืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืชื“ื™ืงืข ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื˜ืึธืœืขืจืึทื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜" (ื“ืึธืจื˜).
32 ืจื ืŸ ืื™ืจ ื”ื™ืžืœืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ื”' ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืฉื‚ื” [ืขืก]; ืจื•ืข!
ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืงืœืื’ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉ'ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื ืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื–ืขื” ื ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืŸ ื˜ืขื ื” ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื“ืืก ืžืขืŸ ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืืคื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื•ื ืกื˜ ื•ื›ื“ื•', ื•ื”ื ืจืื™ื” ื“ืืก ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฉืคืจืืš ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื˜, (ื“ืืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืฉืจื™ืคื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืก ืื™ื“ื™ืฉื™ืกื˜'ืŸ), - ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ ื“ื™ืš ื ืงื•ืง ืื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื•ื•ืืก ืคืืจ ื ื ืืจื™ืฉืข ื–ืื›ืขืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงืืค ืคืืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื“ืืก ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื–ืžื•ืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ืจ ืคืืจืžื™ืื•ืกื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืขืŸ, - ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื ื™ื•ื“ ื•ื•ืืก ืจืขื“ื˜ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ื™ืฉ ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืขืŸ (ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ืขืœ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืš ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜), ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ืขื” ืฆื•ืคืขืœื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืœืข ื‘ืจื™ืคืขืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื“ื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืžื™ืฉืŸ ื™ื•ื“ื™ืฉ (ื ื™ืฉื˜ "ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ" ื ื•ืจ "ื™ื•ื“ื™ืฉ", ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืฉ ืื™ื“ื™).
ืึท ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืข ืคึฟื™ืจืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืึทื ื˜ืขืจ ืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืจื™ืฉืขืจ ืžื•ื–ื™ืง
ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืก, ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื–ืฉื™ื ืขืจ.
ืก'ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืฒึท ื”ืขื›ืขืจ 700 ื™ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ึพื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ, ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืฉืึธื•, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื—ื–ืจื˜ ื“ืขื ื–ืขืœื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง ืึทื–ื•ื™: "ืื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืจื•ึผื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ืง, ืก'ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืฒึทืš ื ื™ื˜ ืืฒึทื ื’ืขื‘ืŸ".
ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื‘ืืฆื•ื•ืื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื..
ื“ืขืจ ืคืจืขืžื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคืืจืื ื˜ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคืืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื’ ืคืืœื™ืกื™ ืื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืงืื‘ื™ื ืขื˜, ืกืขืงืจืขื˜ืืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืคืืจ ืคืืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืื‘ื™ื ืขื˜'ืก ืคืืจื˜ื™ื™ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ-ื•ื•ืืกืขืจ ืคืืœื™ืกื™ ืงืืžื™ื˜ืขืก.
ื ืืจ ื ื“ืื ืง ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืืก ื•ื•ืืกืขืจ ืืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืืœ.
Chile Archives - ืื™.ื™ื•. ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื˜ืขืจ: ืื™.ื™ื•. ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื˜ืขืจ
; ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš ืžื’ื™ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื’ืจ.
ืืœืฅ ื ื–ืฉืื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืขืก ืคืืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจืืง ืื•ืŸ ืจืืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจืข ืจืืง ืžื•ื–ื™ืง ืกื˜ื™ืœ.
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืžื•ืกืจ ื ืคืฉ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจ ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื ืฉื˜ืฒืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผื™ืฆืœ-ืงืœืฒืŸ ืœืื ื“ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉืœืืกืŸ ืœืื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœ-ืืฒืจืึธืคึผืข.
ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ื– ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ.
ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืจืขื˜ืขืจืก ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืึทื ื˜ื™ ืคึฟืึทืฉื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ืคึผื•ื™ืœื™ืฉืข ืคึผืึทื˜ืจื™ืึธื˜ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ. ืฆื• ื”ืขืœืคึฟืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืฃ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืฒึทื˜ืฉื™ืฉืขืจ ืึธืงื•ืคึผืึทืฆื™ืข. ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื’ืขืœื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืงืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ึพืงืจืึทืคึฟื˜, ื‘ืคึฟืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืคึฟืขืจ. ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ืจืขื˜ืขืจืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื•ึผืกื˜, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืจืึธืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜; ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืฒึทื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื”ืจื’ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขื˜ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืžืฉืคึผื—ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืžืึธืœ ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉื›ื ื™ื. ืึท ื”ื™ืคึผืฉืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืจืขื˜ืขืจ ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืื•ืžื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื“ืฒึทื˜ืฉืŸ.
; ืึทืžืงืก ืžืึธื“ ืจืขื ื˜ื’ืขื  ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ื“ื•ืจืš `ื“ืžืงืก. ; ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืก - ืึทืœื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืก ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืึทื“ืžื™ื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ืข (ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ-ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช) ; ืึทื“ืžื™ื _ืกืงืœ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ืข - ืกืงืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืข (ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ ืึทื“ืžื™ื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก) ; ื‘ืึทืกื™ืง ืึทื“ืžื™ื ืงืžื“.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื™ืงืขืจื“ื™ืง ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ืกืึธื•ืœ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื”ืขืœืคึผ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ืกืึธื•ืœ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืึทื“ืžื™ื ืกืœืึธืฆ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืฉืคึผืขืœื˜ืœ ืจืขื–ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื’ื•ืึทืœ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ืœื™ื ื’ื•ืึทืœ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืฆื™ืข ; ืžืขื ื•ืก ืžืขื ื•ืคืจืึธื ื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืคืจืึธื ื˜-ืกื•ืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื•ื– ืงืžื“ืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื• (ืจื™ื™ื“, ืกืขื˜ื˜ื™ื ื’ืก) ืจืขืึทืกืึธื ืงื™ืงืงืขืจ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืึธืคึผืข ืžื™ื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืคึผืœืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทืขืจืก ืžืขื ื™ื• (ื‘ืจื™ืง, ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืขืจ, ืงืœื™ืขื ื˜ ืงืžื“ืก). ; ื˜ืขืœืขืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื˜ืขืœืึทืคึผืึธืจื˜ ืžืขื ื™ื• (ื•ืŸ ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜!) ืžืึทืคึผืกืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืžืึทืคึผืก ืžืขื ื™ื• (ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ, ื˜ืฉืึทื ื’ืขืœืขื•ื•ืขืœ) ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืžืขื ื•ืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– / ืงื•ื•ืึทืจืก ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ืŸ ; ื˜ืฉืึทื˜ / ืžืขืกืกืึทื’ืขืก ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื˜ืฉืึทื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืึทื ืกืึธื•ืœ ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ืึทื ื˜ื™ืคืœืึธืึธื“.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืคึผืจืขื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืึทื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืŸ-ืคืœืึทื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืกืงืจืึธืœืœืžืกื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืึท ืกืงืจืึธืœืœื™ื ื’ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ื™ืžืขืกืกืึทื’ืข.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืื™ื ืคึฟืึธืจืžืึทืฆื™ืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ื•ื•ืึธื˜ืข.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ; ืžืืคืข ืฉื™ื™ึทื›ื•ืช ื ืขืงืกื˜ืžืึทืคึผ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืžืึทืคึผืข ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืคึผืกื™ืงืœืข ื˜ื™ืžืขืœืขืคื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ื™ืกืคึผืœื™ื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ ืœื™ื ืงืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึทืคึผืข ; ืงืึธื ืคื™ื’ื•ืจืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทื•ืกืขืงืคื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืึท ืคึผื•ื™ื–ืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื ืคึผืึทื•ืกืข ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ืกื˜ืึทืฆืงืคื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทืœืึทื•ื– ืฆื• ืคื™ืจืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืฅ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืขื ื™ื• ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื– ; ืงืึธื•ื ื˜ืขืจ-ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืง ืจืขืกื˜ืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ืึทื’ืจืขื ืขืฆืŸ ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื– ืžืขื ื™ื• ืกื˜ืึทืฆืงืก.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืกื˜ืึทืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ึทืœืขื›ื™ืง ืกื•ืฃ (ืงืกืงืก ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜!) ; ืžื™ืกืงืกื˜ืึทืฆ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœื“ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธื•ื ื˜ืขืจ-ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืง ; ืกื˜ืึทืฆ_ืœืึธื’ื’ื™ื ื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื– ืกื˜ืึทืฅ ืœืึธื’ื™ื ื’ (ืงืกืงืก ืžืึธื“ื•ืœืข ืคืืจืœืื ื’ื˜!) ; ืขื ืึทื‘ืœืข ืฆื• ื ื•ืฆืŸ ืึทืžืงืก ืžืึธื“ ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ; ืึทืžืงืกืžืึธื“_ืงืึธืžืคึผืึทื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทืžืงืก ืžืึธื“ ืงืึทืคึผื•ื™ืขืจ ืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื˜ืึทื‘ื™ืœืึทื˜ื™ ืคึผืœืึทืกื˜ ; ืงืึทืกื˜ืึทื - ืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ 3 ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคึผืœื•ื’ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธ ื‘ืง3.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืคื•ื™ืกื˜ ืึธื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืขืกืขืจ ืึทื“_ืžืึทื ืึทื’ืขืจ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืึธืœืึธืจืคื•ืœ ืึทื“ืก ืžืึธื˜ื“.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก; / ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ืึทื“ืžื™ื _ื’ืึทื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื’ืึทื’ ืึทื“ืžื™ื ืœื™ืกื˜ืขื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทื“ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืขื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืก ื˜ืขืึทืž_ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ืขืจ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืœื™ืžื™ื˜ ืงื˜ ืžืึทืคึผ_ืกืคึผืึทื•ื•ื ืก_ืขื“ื™ื˜ืึธืจ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืขื“ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ืกืคึผืึทื ื– ื’ืึทืœื™ืœืขืึธ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ืึธื˜ืึธื•ื•ืึทื ื™ืข ืžืึทืคึผืก ื”ืคึผืงืคึผืœ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืึธืคึผืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึผื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืึทืคึผืึธื ื™ืงืึธื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื™ื™ืงืึทืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืจ ื“ืขืกืงืจื™ืคึผื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข_ืคื™ืจืข_ื™ื _ื˜ื”ืข_ื”ืึธืœืข.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก; ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ื™ื™ื“ ื’ื”ื•ื•_ืงืึธื ื ืขืงื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืขืจ ืฉืึธื•ื•ื•ื•ื™ื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืœืึทืฉื‘ืึทื ื’_ื“ืœื™ื’ื”ื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ื™ื ืึทืžื™ืง ืคืœืึทืฉ ื“ืึธื ืฆื™ื™ึทื™ืคึผืก.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ืึทืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ื‘ืึทืกื™ืง_ื™ื ืคืึธ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ื“ื ื™.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ืงื˜ืึธ_ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจืึทืœ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืึทืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื– ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ืกื™ืœืึธื•ื•ื ื™ืึท.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื’ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ื“ืจืึธืคึผ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื“ืจืึธืคึผ ื•ื•ืขืึทืคึผืึธื ืก ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœื‘ืจืขืึทืง_ืคึผืึธืกื–ื•ืงื™ื•ื•ืึทื ื™.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ืึทื ื˜ืขื“ ืกืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื™ื“.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืจื™ืฅ ืกื ื™ืขื’.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืฉื ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืกืขืจื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทืคืงืงื™ืกืกืก.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงื™ืงืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืคืง ืึทืžืงืก_ืกื•ืคึผืขืจ_ื ืึธืกืคึผืขืขื“.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืึทืžืงืกืงืก ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืžืงืก_ืกื•ืคึผืขืจ_ืžืขื ื•.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก ืึทืžืงืก_ืกื•ืคึผืขืจ.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก ื“ืจืึธืคึผืึทืœืœื•ื•ืขืึทืคึผืึธื ืก.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืงืจืึทืฉื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื– ื ืึธืš ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ื˜ืึทืกืง_ืกื˜ืฉืขื“ื•ืœืขืจ.ืึทืžืงืก, ื’ื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืึทืฉื•ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟืจื™ื™ึท ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœ_ื–ืึทืกืึทื“ื™.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก; ื›ึผืœืœื™ื ื“ื–ืฉื‘ ื“ื–ืฉื‘_ื•ื•ืขืึทืคึผืึธื .ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื– ืžืขื ื™ื• ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืึธืจื˜ ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœื‘ืจืขืึทืง_ืึธืคึผืขื ื“ื–ืฉืึทื™ืœืก.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก; / ืฆื™ืœืŸ ืึธื ืœื™ืงื ื™ืคืขืึทืฆื˜ืึทืจื˜.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก, ืจืขืกืคึผืึธื•ื•ืึทื ื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืกืขืจ ื‘ื•ื™.ืึทืžืงืกืงืก; ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืคึผืึทื ื–
ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื– ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื˜ ืจืื˜ืขืก ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™ื’ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืคืจืืฆืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืขืคืืจ ืคืœืขื’ืŸ ืืœืข ืคื™ืจืžืขืก ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืคืขืก ื’ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืคืืœ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืœื•ื˜ืข ืคืืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคืืจืœื™ืจืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜.
ืœืื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืงืื ืื“ืข ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืœืื ื“ (ื ืืจ ืจื•ืกืœืื ื“ ืื™ื– ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ) ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืžืช ื ืืจ ื ืฆืขื ื˜ืœ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืงื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ืงืืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืื•ื•ืื•ื™ื ื˜.
ืฆื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคืจืื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ืข ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืœ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™.
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกืึทืžืข ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขื ืขื ื•ื•ืึทืจื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืชึผืคึฟื™ืœื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจืฉืดื™, ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืจืึทื’ืžืขื ื˜ "ืฉืžืข" ืคึฟืึทืจ "ื•ื”ื™ื”", ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชึผื•ืจื”. ืจืฉืดื™ืก ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืœ, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืชึผื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืข ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืจืฒึทื ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ื ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจืงืขืจื˜ืŸ ืกื“ืจ. ืขืœึพืคึผื™ึพื”ืœื›ื”, ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ืขืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืชึผืคึฟื™ืœื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื›ึผืฉืจ - ื“ืขืจืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ืคึฟืจืึทื’ืข ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืึท ืกืš ื“ืขื‘ืึทื˜ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจ.
ื’ืืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืื™ื™ื–ื‘ืขืจื’ ืงืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ื•ื™ืขืจืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื™ืืจ ื‘ื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืื ืฆืŸ ืฆืขืœืื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืืœื˜ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ.
ืจืึธืžืื ื˜ื™ืฉืข ืชึผืงื•ืคื” ืžืึธื“ืขืจื ืข ืชึผืงื•ืคื” ืคื•ืŸ 1900 ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ "ืžืื“ืขืจื ืข ืชืงื•ืคื”" ืคื•ืŸ ืžื•ื–ื™ืง.
ืก'ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืืจืืŸ ืคืืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืžืขื˜ืื“ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืื–ื•ื™ ืืจื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื˜ืืœ, ื•ื•ืืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืคื•ืœ, ืคื•ื ืขื ืืจืฅ.
ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ึท ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™. ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ื’ืก ื•ื•ืึทืงืกืŸ. ืื•ื™ืฃ 06-12.06.2011 ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืื˜ ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขื ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืึทื– ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ืขื“ ืึท ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคืจื™ืขืจ.
ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืขืฉืœืืกืŸ ื ื‘ื•ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืก, ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ื•ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืืกืŸ ื ื‘ื•ื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืืœืืก, ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื ื“ืข ื‘ืื–ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืก, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืขืจ.
ืจื‘ื™ื”''ืง ื–ื™''ืข ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ: ื”ืื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ื ืืžืืœ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœื "twelve angry men"?
ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ ืžืขืŸ ื–ืืœ ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืžืขื’ืœื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืœืื–ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ืื›ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืจืขื“ื™ื˜.
ยซ ืœื™ื ืงื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืง - ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืกืึทื ื– | ื•ื•ืึท - ื“ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื˜ ื’ื™ื’ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืœืขื’ืขื ื“ืขืŸ ยป
ืื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืืก ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื˜ืกืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืืœืข, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ืœืื ื’ ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 400 ื™ืื”ืจ.
ืขื•ืจืึธืงืึทืจืข ื”ืื˜ ืึทื•ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืงืึธื”ืึธืœ ืœืึทื‘ืขืœืก, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื“ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืข ื–ื™ืš-ืจืขื’ื•ืœืึทื˜ืึธืจื™ ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’.
ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจืข ื’ืขื“ืจื•ืงื˜ืข ืฆืฒึทื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ "ืคึฟืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืก", ื“ื™ ืœืขื’ืขื ื“ืึทืจืข ืฆืฒึทื˜ื•ื ื’, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืจ 114ื˜ืŸ ื™ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืขืคึฟื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื’ื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืข ืงื•ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื•ืžืฉื˜ืขืจื‘ืœืขื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ึพืงื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขื Forward, ื“ื™ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉึพืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ื™ืงืข ื•ื•ืึธื›ื ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 20 ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื›ึผืกื“ืจ ื’ืขืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจืข ื•ื•ืขื’ึพื•ื•ืฒึทื–ื ื“ื™ืงืข, ืื™ื ื˜ืขืœื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื™ืงืข ืจืขืคึผืึธืจื˜ืึทื–ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื–ื™ ืœืขื‘ื˜. ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืœืึทื ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืื•ืžืึธืคึผื”ืขื ื’ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื’ื ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืข ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืฆื•ึผื•ื•ืฒึทื–ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืขื•ืœื.
ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ, ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืื”ืืคื˜ืŸ, ืงืจื‘ืช ืืœืงื™ื - ื ืืจ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜, ืื‘ืขืจ ื ืืจ ื“ืืก. ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื“ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฆื• ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื–ื ื•ื•ืขื’, ื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื ืงืœืืจืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืืงืข ืืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื”' ื™ืขื“ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืžืžืฉ. ืื‘ืขืจ ื ืืš ืคืืจ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื“ืขื, ื“ืืจืฃ ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœืืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืขื ืฆืœื™ื›ืข ืงืœืืจืงื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืืก ืœืื–ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืกืคืง, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืืœ ืื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœืืจ ืื– ื“ืขืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืื”ืืคื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืฉื™"ืช ื™ืขื“ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืžืžืฉ, ื ืื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืกื˜ืข ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืืœืข ืื“ืขืจืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจืžื— ืื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ื—ืœืงื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ืžืžืฉ. ืคืืจ ืžื™ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืงืœืขืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื’ ืฆื• ื“ืขื, ืžื•ื– ืžืขืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ื 'ืก ื ืงืœืืจืข ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื•ื•ืืกืคืืจื ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื–ืืœ ืื•ื ื– ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื ื“ืœื™ืš ืื– ืžืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœืืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช, ืื– ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ ื•ื•ืืก ืžื™ืจ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืจื‘ืช ืืœืงื™ื, ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื•ืืก ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื– ื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืงืœืืจ ืžืื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉืคื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืื– ื“ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื ืงืœืืจ ืืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืกืคืง.